Yatra Magazine August 2018 | Buddha Air

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Issue # 33 Aug 2018

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KHAPATAD Where Nature, Culture, and Spiritualism Align

Dr. Updendra Mahato

His journey as a business Mogul of Nepal

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Uttar Pradesh's Chief Minister, Yogi Adityanath and Buddha Air's Managing Director, Mr. Birendra Bahadur Basnet at the Flagging Off Ceremony at Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport, Varanasi, India on 29 June 2018.

Namaste and welcome on board Buddha Air!

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am happy to let you know that Buddha Air has added another ATR 72-500 to its fleet. With the call sign 9N-AMU, the aircraft will strengthen our domestic and international connectivity and increase frequencies to our destinations. Furthermore, with the fleet addition, the on-time performance of our flights in the morning till 10 am and after 5 pm has improved because there are fewer aircraft movements during this period.

From 29 June 2018, we began our direct flights and tour packages from Kathmandu to Varanasi. It was an honor to have Uttar Pradesh’s Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath at the Flagging Off Ceremony at Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport, Varanasi, India. We will have two weekly flights from Kathmandu to Varanasi every Monday and Friday.

Khaptad is a place of immense spiritual and religious importance. The convenient gateway to Khaptad is through Dhangadhi. Read all about it on our cover story, “Spiritual Khaptad”. Bipin Pokhrel, our aircraft technician had set his sights

In-flight magazine Jawalakhel, Lalitpur, Nepal e-mail: yatra@buddhaair.com

on conquering Everest. You can read about his amazing journey in, “The Magnificence of Everest Even At 8383 m.” With a keen eye set on ‘medical tourism,’ Dr. Upendra Mahato’s Nepal Mediciti is set to revolutionize the health sector in Nepal. Buddha Air is proud to be in partnership with Nepal Mediciti.

You can learn more about Dr. Upendra in, “Defining and Redefining Development Since 1990.”

Kathmandu Valley is full of unique eccentricities from its food to its architecture. Take delight in learning about the Newari architecture in, “The Taps Tell A Story” and about the herbal.

We love to hear from you as well. If you have a story to share or a photo that you want published in our upcoming issues of Yatra, please send them at yatra@buddhaair.com or post them on our social media platforms.

Thank you for flying with us. We hope you have a pleasant flight.

Birendra B. Basnet Managing Director, Buddha Air

Published by: Buddha Air Pvt. Ltd., Jawalakhel, Lalitpur, Nepal

Editorial Board : lKhagendra Bahadur Basnet lSubarna Kharel lUL Shrestha lRatna Rai lD.K. Karna Copy Editor: lKabita Thapa

1 in 5 youth who belong to marginalized, minority and disabled communities are unemployed

The Social Protection Expenditure out of the total national budget is 11.3%

1 in 4 people live on less than $1 a day

1 out of 5 thirty year old people would die before their 70th birthday from any of cancer, diabetes, lung and heart diseases

40,000 people get Tuberculosis every year

3 women die due to pregnancy related causes for every 1,000 children born in Nepal

Due to malnutrition 4 out of every 10 children are too short 36% of people for their age eat less than the minimum daily 4 out of every requirement of 100 children born die calories needed for a before their 5th birthday healthy life

The Global Hunger Index is a measurement of world hunger. On the Index Nepal’s score of 21.9 is classified as “Serious” due to food security problems.

Poor nutrition is involved in more than half of all child deaths.

2 in 5 children suffer from stunting or chronic malnutrition, which is the cause of 1 in 3 deaths in children under-five

There are only 7 women for every 10 men enrolled in higher education

2 in 3 women have never told anyone about the violence they have experienced

37% of women currently aged 20-24 got married before the age of 18

Only 46 out of 100 married women participate in major decisions in their life

www.un.org.np | www.sdgsinnepal.org

Facebook: SDGsinNepal | Twitter: @SdgsNepal

For more information about the SDGs in Nepal, please follow:

48% of students complete secondary education

1 in 2 youth and adults have technical and vocational skills

97.2% of children are enrolled in primary education

1 in 20 formally educated youth have obtained vocational and skill based education

71% of youth in Nepal can read and write

Data Sources: - Government of Nepal - United Nations

6 out of 10 households have an improved toilet facility that is not shared with other households

3 in 4 households do not have access to sewage facilities

22% of the population has no toilet

More than half the population don’t use a piped water supply 32% of the population practices open defecation

THE SDGS ARE 17 GOALS COVERING ALL ISSUES TO ACHIEVE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT THE FIRST 6 SDGS ADRESS SOCIAL ISSUES

contents

Issue August 2018

cov e r s t o r y 3 4

khaptad

2 6 The Magnificence of

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Everest Even At 8383m 1 2 The Taps Tell a Story 42

3 0 The Best Romantic

Escapes in Kathmandu

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TATOO: A Memento for a Lifetime 46

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Trekking

Karbakeli

Eco Trek l

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Surendra Rana

This recently explored trail is a unique combination of rich culture and lifestyle with amazing mountains views and rhododendron forests

Rhododendron blooming, Mount Dhaulagiri at the back drop seen from Phulbari

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Trekking

Lopre village

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he Karbakeli Eco Trek is a newly opened trek unexplored by many. To foray towards this new trek, you will need to continue trekking southwest and go downhill from Poon Hill to Phulbari. The journey brings you to Karbakeli, a destination rich in Pun Magar culture with diverse flora and fauna.

The Trek Journey Our exploration team consisted of

Karbakeli Temple

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myself, Jyoti Dai, Amrit Bhadgoaonle, Pawan Shakya, Ashraya Neupane, Yam Pun and Cham Bahadur Pun, the energetic social worker and promoter of the Karbakeli Eco Trek.

The journey starts at Pokhara, and we drove to Lumle. Trekking amidst the dense rhododendron forest, it was dusk when we reached Kalsee EcoLodge. Resting at the lodge is a peaceful experience, as the lodge is located in the green lush forest. Waking up the next morning, we hiked down to Lumle to meet up with all of the exploration team. Then we got on a jeep and drove all the way to Nayapul. We made our way towards Birethati to Ulleri by passing vertical steps. After a fulfilling lunch of Dhido at Ulleri, the trek begins with a gentle climb. An hour into trekking, the weather turned for the worst, and it started raining heavily with hailstorms.

But, we still trekked carefully for 4 hours of ascending walk. We finally reached Ghorepani, which is the base of Poon Hill. As all of us were tired, so we went to bed early.

We woke up early, hoping to capture beautiful footages, but the gloomy weather persisted us. We met several groups of domestic and foreign tourists on our way to Poon Hill. The mountains were still playing hide-and-seek behind the clouds. Once we reached the top of Poon Hill, we wandered for a while, before moving ahead.

Descending southwest from Poon Hill, the ridges looked beautiful as they were adorned with rhododendrons.

After an hour of gentle walk and descends, we reached the flatland of Phulbari (2925 m).

Phulbari has a couple of tea houses, with another one under construction. Phulbari is a pastureland for the local people. Yam Pun, a lodge owner and trail promoter convinced us that magnificent

TrailFacts Best Time To Visit- All year round Level of Trek - Easy/ Moderate Accommodation: Tea house lodge, guesthouse and homestay facilities Food - Rice, lentil soup, curry (Dal Bhat), Chowmein, eggs, toast, etc.

Beverages: Tea, Local Raksi and Chhyang Major Attraction: Wide-view of Dhaulagiri and Annapurna Ranges, culture and lifestyles of Pun Magar communities.

Beni Bazar

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Photo: Jyoti Simha

Trekking

Karbakeli Baba Deity P

un communities revere Karbakeli Baba as their earliest ancestor. As per the legend, Karbakeli Baba lived with his two wives and two sons. The temple is built at an altitude of 2,332m nearby Kafaldada village, with the dazzling Dhaulagiri range as the backdrop. There are statues of Karbakeli Baba and his wives, Bimala and Fimala and

ranges of Dhaulagiri to Annapurna can be seen on a clear day. Ashrya, a 12 year old and the youngest member to join our team trekked untiringly throughout the trek. He even had the time to capture each moment with a selfie.

The trekking trail gradually descends southeast, penetrating into the dense forest. The gentle trail has colorful wildflowers and birds twittering in the wilderness. This trail was once an ancient trade route for the people of Kaski and Parbat who make their way to Mustang for trading salt. The trek passes a long gentle ridge through the pastureland of Ramche and Kafaldada villages. The mesmerizing view of Dhaulagiri followed us throughout the trek. There are several choutaras and thans along the way. An

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sons Ramchan and Kulchan inside the temple. It was jointly built with the initiation and effort of Karbakeli Research Committee and Karbakeli Preservation Committee.

Karbakeli is reachable from Beni via Rima and Kafaldada through dirt road, similarly from Beni to Baisari.

easy 4 hour descending trail takes you to Karbakeli Baba Temple. There is also a Karbakeli Pahuna Ghar made with stones in local architectural style. There ’s a guesthouse nearby to provide clean accommodation and organic food.

There are 2 more options for trekking route from Karbakeli Baba to Beni, besides the ones mentioned above.

One of our group took the Aula to Beni route The other group took Mallaj route

with local people as guides who helped us trek via Maha Bhir village.

A 1.5 hour steep descend trail took us to the hidden village of Maha Bhir. Seated at the base, Maha Bhir is surrounded by rock hills.

The scattered villages and waterfall across the river is an exceptional sight. The village has fertile land that grows vegetables, beans, mustard, maize, millet, etc.

Once you cross the suspension bridge, follow the long water canal, which is a straight trail that takes 1.5 hours to Banskharka Village (1526 m). This village is known for its orange farming. Jyoti Dai was lucky to get the last sweet oranges, as it was nearing the end of orange harvest season. From there, we walked a straight flatland trail for 2 hours and finally reached Mallaj Village.The ancient fort for the Malla Kings still exists in the village.

Trekking a few steps from a Pipal Chatura, we got an amazing panoramic view of Beni Bazaar. The bazaar is situated in the confluence of the mighty Kaligandaki and Myagdi Rivers. If you follow sharp winding steps for half an hour, you reach Beni Bazaar.

The bazaar is a major market hub for the surrounding districts of Myagdi, Parbat and Baglung. It is also the famous gateway to the famous Muktinath Temple, Upper Mustang, Dhaulagiri Circuit, Dhaulagiri Sanctuary Trek, Guerrilla Trek and the exit point for Annapurna Circuit.

Highlight of the Trail The newly explored Karbakeli Eco Trek offers stunning views of the snow-clad mountains of Dhaulagiri and Annapurna Ranges. Along with rich biodiversity, you get to experience the authentic culture and lifestyle of the Pun Magar communities.

i t i n e r a r y Day 1: Pokhara - Birethati (1025 m): 2 hours jeep drive

Birethati - Ulleri (1960 m): 5 hours trek

Day 2: Ulleri - Ghorepani (2860 m): 5 hours trek Day 3: Ghorepani - Poon Hill - Phulbari

Karbakeli Than (2332 m): 5 hours trek

Day 4: Choose from options below

Karbakeli Than - Baiseri (999m): 3 hours trek

Baiseri - Beni: 30 minutes jeep drive

Karbakeli Than - Rima - Aula - Baseri: 5.5 hours trek

Baseri - Beni: 30 minutes by jeep

Karbakeli Than - Maha Bhir - Baskharka - Mallaj - Beni:

6 hours trek

Karbakeli Than - Ramche - Nagi - Falamedada: 5 hours trek

Falamedada - Mallaj - Beni: 3.5 hours trek

Ghopte Khola Water Fall

Day 5: Beni - Pokhara: 3 hours by bus or jeep

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a r ci t e c t u r e

The Taps Tell a Story P

atan is home to some of the finest collection of arts and crafts in the whole of Nepal. While its palaces and temples are recognized in many travel guides and books, the traditional stone spouts have not received the same acknowledgement. Known as dhunge dhara in Nepali or hiti in Nepal Bhasha, some of these stone spouts still provide water to the residents of Patan and are a respite to jaywalkers on hot summer days, while others have dried up. Yet, they are each worth a visit for the architectural marvel they are, and the intricate carvings they boast. Here are six stone spouts in Patan that you need to visit and their stories you need to hear.

Manga Hiti: Located in the Patan Durbar Square, right across Bhimsen Temple is the wonderfully carved Manga: Hiti. The sunken, lotusshaped water source flaunts three beautiful stone spouts that have been designed in the shape of makara; a mythical crocodile-like beast. From it flows crystal clear water and forms a refreshing pool, especially during monsoon when water is in abundance.

One of the oldest and the most important stone spouts in the valley — historically, culturally, and religiously —

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water from Manga: Hiti is still used for daily rituals in the neighboring Krishna Temple and is also used to revive Hiranyakashyap during Kartik Naach.

Nuga H iti: Also known as Sundhara because of the gold-plated metal wrapped around it, Nuga: Hiti, like most of the stone spouts in Patan was built during the Licchavi period.

Although initially a regular stonecarved spout, the gold-plated metal was added later on during the Rana period. For long, the community relied on the hiti for all its water needs.

However, the water flow has been decreasing over the years, being consistent only during rainy seasons.

Alkwo Hiti: Amongst the many hities in Patan, Alkwo Hiti, with its five spouts, is perhaps the sole stone spout complex that has continuously been discharging water. Located in Ikhachhen Tole, an inscription near the hiti dates its establishment back to the Malla era. Although evidence of its engineering brilliance — that ensured no hindrance in the water source for the hiti — is present, there are also

many folklores of tantrism that support its continuous water flow. Â Nagbahal Hiti: Located in one of the biggest residential courtyards in Patan, the hiti in Nagbahal is assumed to have been constructed in the 8th century.

The hiti is home to three individual stone spouts and a buddhist shrine. The walls of the sunken mandala shaped hiti complex is lined by snake figurines taking after the name of the courtyard. And while the hiti may not be the most spectacular in the list here, it is a stellar example of conservation. After going uncared for and having dried up for about a decade, the hiti was successfully revived in recent years.

Thapa Hiti: One of the oldest stone spouts in Patan, Thapa Hiti is believed to have been built some 900 years ago.

Consisting of three main stone spouts and one small metal spout, Thapa Hiti was responsible of serving around 200

houses in the community. But like most of the stone spouts in Patan, this one has dried out too following encroachment of several ponds that were its water sources.

While the functionality of the water spout is in question, the glory of the structure is still intact, thanks to local conservation efforts.

Tusha Hiti: Often tagged the crowned jewel of Patan, the Malla-era stone spout is located in Sundari Chowk

One of the oldest stone spouts in Patan, Thapa Hiti is believed to have been built some 900 years ago

within the Patan Museum and is perhaps one of the most intricately carved stone spouts in Nepal. The sunken complex dates back to 1647 A.D. and flaunts 72 tantric deities and a bronze spout. The only stone spout on this list that catered to the royals, it is possible that the water from this spout was essential to the Malla kings ’ tantric rituals and was not a royal bath as many guides narrate.

There are 58 recorded stone spouts in Patan, of which 4 have dried out and 7 are not in existence any more. As beautiful as these stone spouts are or were, they also were reflective of the wisdom, knowledge and skill the earlier settlers of Patan had. And although the ever-growing population of Kathmandu, unplanned urbanization, and lack of systematic water supply has degraded their performance, the aesthetic value they add to the community still lives on.

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m e moi r

Nepal ’s Unofficial

Tourism Ambassadors Meet the vibrant couple who have traveled over 100 times to Nepal

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riters of dozens of travel guidebooks on Nepal and abroad and having visited Nepal countless times, I met Bob and Siân , the untiring travel couple and authors at the garden of Hotel Moonlight in Kathmandu. They had just returned from a trekking trip at Dhaulagiri Sanctuary and were preparing their guidebook about the trail.

First Footsteps in Nepal Bob Gibbons was 23 years old when he first visited Nepal in 1974.

He travelled with a group of university

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friends from England to Kathmandu in an old Land Rover, driving overland through Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. In his hometown library, he had seen a book ‘A Winter in Nepal ’ with a photograph of Machhapuchhre, which had inspired him to set off on this journey to Nepal. “It was a long journey of 100 days, nearly three and half months overland, through different European and Asian countries,” Bob recalled.

They camped at Teku on the river bank.

“Freak Street was a busy tourist place with lots of hippies in those days. Apple pie shops, chocolate cake shops etc. All

those places are gone now, except for the Snowman Cafe. Everybody, including me, went for pie two to three times a day,” shared Bob. He was offered a job back in England due to this travel experience. Later, he drove overland trucks across Asia, Africa and South America.

Nepal has changed a lot since those days, from Thamel ’s Freak Street to the tall buildings and infrastructure. He became nostalgic as he recalled early Kathmandu, especially Asan; a busy little marketplace with an experience unlike anywhere in the world. He was

Flying from Lukla over Boudhanath, 1975

Kathmandu Valley in 1975

A u t h o r ’ s N o t e Pokhara Street in 1974

concerned about the disappearances of such places that would be great tourists attractions if preserved well. The unpolluted old city of Kathmandu was still floating in his mind.

When Siân Met Bob Siân Pritchard - Jones had been working as a computer systems analyst for 8 years at companies in UK and New Zealand. She had decided to return to the Himalayas for a holiday. She had already done the Annapurna Circuit in 1982 and her next planned destination was Kashmir.

“I met Bob for the first time in 1983, on a trek from Kashmir to Ladakh, where he was the group leader,” Siân recalled shyly.

They fell in love and the rest is history!

Bob used to travel extensively to Nepal, Africa, South America and other parts of the world due to his profession.

He was away for months and only had time to meet Siân once in a while for short periods. That ’s when Siân decided to leave

Unequivocally, Siân and Bob are tourism ambassadors for Nepal.

Their continuous efforts and unfaltering love towards this country have contributed greatly to the promotion of Nepal worldwide.

A great salute to them and wish the couple a good life in their unwavering travel journey together! her job in 1984 and become Bob ’s fulltime travel companion.

They got married in Kathmandu in 1986 at Dilli Bazaar CDO office. With their purple thumbprints and signatures on paper, they legally turned husband and wife and had a wedding party at Kathmandu Guest House with their local friends. Parties and celebrations continued back home in England with friends and family.

Since then, Siân and Bob have been visiting Nepal regularly once or twice every year. Both of them have visited Nepal over 100 times.

As Authors and Their Work Since they met, they have been leading

Namche, 1975

and organizing treks in the Alps, Nepal and Sahara and also drove a bus overland to Nepal. Journeys on an “ancient” Land Rover (which is only 31 years old!) was the backbone of several editions for Africa Overland (Bradt Travel Guide), including the sixth edition published in 2014.

During their early trips to Nepal, they worked with Pilgrims Book House for 10 years, helping to write and edit between their free time between treks. They remember spending hours and hours working till 10 pm in the bookshop; reading and researching Nepal ’s history, culture and religions. They wrote two travel books on trekking in Tibet and Mustang which was published by Pilgrims Book House in 1992.

They are currently working on a new series of trekking guidebooks for

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m e moi r Himalayan Map House titled 'Himalayan Travel Guides.'

Their Trekking Annapurna Guide was published by Cicerone in January 2013, with an updated second edition published in 2017. Bob and Siân were in Nepal during the 2015 earthquake, and they had published a book titled, “Earthquake Diaries: Nepal 2015.” They also published a series of books titled

Pokhara Lakeside Camp, 1975

Kanchi ’s Tales, covering the expeditions around Nepal seen through the eyes of a Nepali mountain an educational doggie travelogue!

Till now, they have writen guidebooks titled Nepal Himalaya, Kanchenjunga, Makalu, Everest, Rolwaling, Langtang, Ganesh Himal, Manaslu & Tsum Valley, Mustang, Dolpo and Far West published

by Himalayan Map House. Stay tuned for their publication on Dhaulagiri.

Together For 35 Years In the summers, they had worked in the French and Swiss Alps and Nepal.

From 1986 to 1998, Siân and Bob worked as group leaders for different travel companies, including Exodus, Australian Himalayan Expeditions, Sherpa Expeditions, Explore Worldwide, Ama Dablam Treks, Malla Treks and Sherpa Adventure Travel.

They had trekked mostly in regions of Annapurna and Everest. It was only when they were assigned to write guidebooks that they could trek together in other remote mountain regions.

They remember a fond moment in the aftermath of Nepal ’s first democratic movement in 1990. A street party was held in Durbar Marg, and King Birendra and Queen Aishwarya walked the streets as normal people. Everybody was happy and people greeted them with “Hello” and “Namaste”.

Bob likes Momos, while Siân is fond of Sherpa Stew and of course, “Dal Bhat with sag sometimes,” they both smiled.

They believe that improvement in public health facilities, water supply and better roads will help to attract more tourists to Nepal.

The energetic couple say they will continue visiting this beautiful country in the future too. They are unsure about what keeps pulling them to Nepal, but it ’s definitely a combination of nature, including mountains and rivers, along with people and the culture. surand.rana@gmail.com

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Rum D oodl e R e s t au r a n t & B a r

A Place Honoring the Eccentricity of Bravery T

he name “Rum Doodle” comes from an imaginary mountain which is assumed to be higher than Mount Everest. The name is derived from a fictional tale of bravery where a leader of an expedition conquers the 40,000 ft tall Rum Doodle and shares his mountaineering mishaps. It explains the skills of a handful of eccentric English mountaineers.

Rum Doodle Restaurant and Bar is a well-recognized restaurant in the center of the capital, Kathmandu. The restaurant follows the pavement of the story “The Ascent of Rum Doodle” and honors the efforts of Mountaineers in a unique way. “We cater free food for lifetime to the mountaineers who win a resounding victory over the Mt. Everest” said the head Chef. “The conqueror of Everest should claim their offer at Rum Doodle by presenting their certificate that they receive after climbing Everest.” he continued.

It is after the person shows his certificate, that the restaurant records them in their long saved log book and gifts them a card that is validated for a lifetime of free service at Rum Doodle. “The log helps us keep track. Thus, when the person revisits Nepal, they just have to show their card and rest is history!” the chef laughed.

The ambience of the place that the restaurant holds, makes its visitors feel at home. From the beginning of its establishment in 1979, Rum Doodle has hosted famous personalities like Edmund Hillary; the first person to climb Mt. Everest,

Junko Tabei; the first women to conquer Everest and others. The autographs and pictures of famous personalities who have reached the top of Everest and have visited Rum Doodle simultaneously are decoratively placed on the walls of the restaurant as a keepsake of their memories. Photos and autographs of other brave people are decorated on the bulletin boards.

Rum Doodle caters not just to the memories of Everest climbers, but also that of other treks. The ceilings of Rum Doodle upholds memories of trekkers from different trek destinations.

Trekkers who have been to other famous destinations are given a hand-made feet of “Yeti” where they jot down their trek memories. All of those memories are further treasured on the feet of yeti and decorated on ceiling of the restaurant.

According to the maintained log book, the ratio of foreign and Nepali trekkers will be equal, highlighting the growth of internal tourism. “If we get information about any famous personalities who climbed Everest, Rum Doodle pays a personal visit to them and honors their bravery over the 8848 m Everest."

Specialities to try at Rum Doodle include the mouthwatering Corn Chip with Salsa, Mushroom Basket and Chicken Basket.

Meanwhile Pong ’s Revenge is a drink that dominates in the drinks category.

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tattoo

Tattoo Tourism

A Memento for a Lifetime

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ravelers often carry bittersweet memories of the places they travel to and what better way to recall their stories than with the help of a piece of art that is inked permanently to the skin. Tattoos are emerging as an interesting way to carry a keepsake of a destination one has visited.

Travelers visit Nepal to get themselves inked by renowned tattoo artists. Getting inked in Nepal costs far less compared to the western world, which is a driving factor for their decision to get tattoos. Most people like to get inked because it reminds them of their fond memories of Nepal.

The Tattoo Scene Tattoo studios are found mostly in Thamel,

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Jhonchhe, Lazimpat, Jhamsikhel and Durbarmarg; areas that have a larger amount of tourist footfall.

Besides these places within Kathmandu Valley, tattoo parlors are also popular around Pokhara’s Lakeside, Chitwan’s Sauraha and Sunsari’s Dharan regions.

Tattoo tourism is gaining popularity as a “thing to do” when in Nepal. Many travelers prefer to get tattoos that represent the country they have visited.

According to veteran tattoo artist, Mohan Gurung, popular tattoo pieces include, the Buddha’s eyes, Nepal's national flag, Lord Ganesh, Lord Shiva and the Buddhist sutra, “Om mane padme hum”. Among these, the Buddhist sutra and Buddha’s eyes are most popular. Getting names inked in Devanagiri script is also popular.

In the recent years, Kathmandu has gained recognition for its tattoo community. The tattoo shops in Thamel have even been featured in the popular show “Miami Ink". Tattoo conventions are popular in Nepal with the International Tattoo Convention taking place each year in April.

Thousands of local and foreign tattoo enthusiasts visit this convention. Around 200 tattoo artists visit

Skin Piercings and Body Modification Nepal has a tradition of getting ears and noses pierced.

This tradition has evolved with time, and now body piercings have reached greater imaginations. These piercings can be done in any body part, like the eyebrows, lips, belly, tongue and even nipples. In Nepal, women pierce their left nostril and put on the fuli.

This practice has gained popularity among both foreign men and women.

Body piercings are done to decorate one's body and set themselves as an individual with a statement.

Om Gurung, Body Piercer

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TAT T O O

Nepali Inking in New York M

ohan Gurung, a tattoo artist from Nepal has gained international fame with his unique tattoos. His tattoo journey started way back in South Korea in the early 90s. Mohan had always loved sketching and drawing. He went to South Korea for employment. By chance, he met Piti, a Dutch tattoo artist who trained Mohan for two months. Learning the art of tattoo was a hobby for him, and Mohan used to love tattooing his friends.

During his time in South Korea from 1992 - 1994, he learned all the basics of being a tattoo artist. Unfortunately, he was cashstrapped and had to ask money from his friends to return to Nepal.

Even though he lacked sufficient funds, Mohan continued to tattoo his friends for free, as he believed that he would return to South Korea for work.

A good friend encouraged him to stay in Nepal and put his unique skills to best use. From the support of his friends, Mohan opened his first tattoo studio in Pokhara in 2000. His tattoo studio

the tattoo convention to be part of the big event. The convention was started in 2011 by Mohan Gurung and fellow tattoo artist, Bijaya Shrestha. The International Nepal Tattoo Convention has been running for 3 days each year since 2011. The convention is a great platform for artists from Nepal and other countries to exchange skills and experiences of the tattoo industry. The convention has helped Nepali tattoo artists to get

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and skills eventually gained recognition and his clients started to invite him to Kathmandu. In 2003, he packed his tools and began moving back and forth between Kathmandu and Pokhara. As he had no permanent studio, Mohan used to tattoo his clients at his hotel room. He even travelled to Butwal and Narayangadh for the same.

He decided to open a studio in Thamel as the demand for his tattoos started increasing in Kathmandu. In those days, Thamel already had tattoo artists skilled in traditional designs, but Mohan entered the scene with his modern designs and instantly set himself apart.

Competition dwindled as the demand for his tattoos burgeoned. Clients had to wait weeks and months just to get inked

by Mohan. He knew he had to keep up with overwhelming demands and decided to provide apprenticeship training. His students, both local and foreigners have even opened their own tattoo studios.

Mohan's Tattoo Inn became a brand name in Nepal. His success lies in the quality and hygienic services and the use of modern techniques for tattoos. Till this day, Mohan has inked more than 7000 skins.

His journey eventually led him to opening a studio in New York in 2014.

Everyone has dreams of treading the big sea and to Mohan, that sea was in New York. Today, the 43 year old tattoo artist has passed his skills to his son, Arjun Gurung. Arjun looks after the studio in Kathmandu with six other artists. Mohan believes that his children will eventually work in New York.

Mohan had planned to return to Pokhara after 10 years and retire to a humble tattoo studio, inking clients as he wished. But times changed, and he decided to settle in New York. Mohan is already a renowned face in the tattoo community, credited to developing Nepal's tattoo culture and tattoo tourism.

exposure.

With the popularity of the Nepali tattoo art scene and dedicated tattoo artists, Nepal has set itself on the map as a destination for tattoo tourism.

Tourism organizations such as Trekkers Agencies Association of Nepal (TAAN) and Nepal Tourism Board have been aggressively promoting Nepal for tattoo tourism.

B oo k R e vi e w

Siatrraior of W

a l i h t i M l Krity Jha, Purser at Buddha Air

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must say, reading is a much easier berth than writing, but writing is pleasurable when it is about something or someone you love. My first love always comes from paperback. We never failed bonding with each other and still continue to be best mates.

Recently, I came across an extremely interesting read, "Sita: Warrior of Mithila". This is the second book in the Ram Chandra series written by Amish Tripathi. Amish is best known for his bestselling debut novel, "The Immortals of Mehula". He was a boring banker, but now is an author with a keen interest to pen about history, mythology and philosophy. I have read all his books, but Sita impelled me to speak my mind through this review. I am especially fond of this book as it is set in Janakpurdham - a place where I was born and raised, which is also the birthplace of Sita.

It was hard for me not to judge this book by its cover, cause it was just amazing! Previous illustrations of Goddess Sita mostly depicted her as an eminently feminine, delicate and beautiful character. On this cover, Sita is depicted as a warrior with a masculine body, who is fighting with well-built men . I grabbed it instantly. In my excitement, I completed reading all 361 pages in two days.

This book did not fail to keep me on my toes - authors really know how to keep readers frenzied till the end! The story revolves around the characters of Ramayana, which is incised in the hearts and souls of Hindus as they have been brought up reading the ancient epic, watching it on TV, etc. Amish's Sita takes you on a journey of twists and turns with characters written in contrast to the original Ramayana.

Amish has a knack for portraying strong female protagonist.

In Sita: Warrior of Mithila, female leads are portrayed not just as beautiful fantasies with delicate features, but are physically and mentally strong. His female characters are never dominated by

male characters, which is what I love most about this book.

Sita as a warrior inspired me to be strong and fearless. Women should not crave to be protected by other men but by ourselves.

We are free to choose what we want and what we believe in. As the world has changed and the era is different, then why can't Sita be a warrior and fight for dignity by herself rather than wait for Ram to rescue her?

Raavan is still there, but not in human form, but in our thoughts which we need to fight and change without asking and seeking help from Ram. Today's Sita should be fierce, independent, earn her living and above all, should protect herself.

While reading, I tend to highlight impactful Sita: Warrior of Mithila lines on the pages of the Author: Amish Tripathi book. Amish knows how Publisher: Westland Press, India to make words edgy and Price: Rs. 600 (approx) effective and his powerful lines are said by female protagonists. Here are some of my favorite lines: "What matters is not the weapon, but the woman who wields that weapon." - Samichi "It is said that we come with nothing into the world, and take nothing back. But that's not true. We carry our karma with us.

And we leave behind our reputation, our name." - Sunaina "Sometimes, a too-clever-by-half plan can backfire." - Sita "The ends justify the means." Sita If you know the Ramayana, you know that Sita is a goddess who is bowed by every Hindu. But in this book, you discover the mighty Sita, who knows how to use a bow and arrow. The book will definitely jolt you with multiple blends of twists and turns but if you're unfazed by them, then you'll love the female characters depicted by Amish.

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p e r so n ali t y

Defining and Redefining ‘Development ’ Since 1990

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Nobody knows how to knit a dream and make it happen the way Dr. Upendra Mahato does. As a young boy, he was always drawn to study despite the financial barrier that most face, coming from a farmer's family in rural Nepal. Kathmandu seemed to be the most developed place l Nagma Shrestha he'd ever been to and his passion drove him to study higher and luck drove him to Soviet Union for his engineering course. And sure enough, Mahato went on to be an influential business person in Nepal. After passing his 10th grade, Mahato was fascinated by the work of engineers, who had claimed that they could count the number of bricks in a fully furnished house. However, being a development driven person, he saw more scope in hydropower in Nepal after his first job in an irrigation project in Biratnagar. Thus, he pursued his Ph.D. and D.SC in hydropower in Belarus. During his post graduate in Belarus, Mahato started a trade business in electronics for televisions and computers. Back in the 1990s, the electronics sector was easy business with good money in Russia. The technology blockade by the Europe and America in the country gave more scope for business to import electronics and sell them in retail. It was the first foreign business that was successfully registered in Belarus in 1990 which later experienced so much growth that it is still operating as the biggest electronic mall in Europe. As business

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Dr. Updendra Mahato, the one man army, shares his journey as a business Mogul of Nepal expanded, he travelled around the world for business meetings, research, etc. It was during this time that he truly witnessed where Nepal stood in the eye of the world. Showing a Nepali passport, citizens were looked down upon and stopped with humiliation for extra security checking at the airport. He realized that no matter how successful a person he is, he will always be judged on the basis of his nationality. This triggered him to establish a Non Residential Nepali (NRN) movement. This nation building approach was in active practice since 2003 where the NRNs around the world agreed upon serving their motherland from their personal ground. Mahato is involved in over 100 of his own business and other investments, and is one of the leading Nepali business person in the current era. His contribution in Nepali society include Kriyaputri Bhawan within the complex of Pashupatinath, Old Age home in Devghat, schools, hospitals; investment in finance, education, health and agriculture sectors of Nepal. Mahato opines for a strong base in 4 development pillars i.e. health, education, tourism and agriculture. He believes that focusing on these areas, will bring economic revolution in Nepal. The country has an abundance of untouched resources that need proper awareness and utilization.

With this as a primary focus, Mahato came up with the concept of “Medical Tourism” for health sector in Nepal. Due to a lack of reliable

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p e r so n ali t y & standardized treatment in Nepal, patients had to go abroad for treatments. But once the treatment is standardized, the flow of patients going abroad will reduce. Mahato’s hospital; Nepal Mediciti has been practicing the JCI (Joint Commission International) Standard that is accepted worldwide for patient centered care and healthcare organization management since its establishment. It also has plans to extend its services around Nepal with identical standards in all 7 sub-states in the coming years.

His secondary focus for “Medical

realized the necessity of quality medical facilities across the nation.” Mahato takes a firm stance for the practice of medicine in Nepal. “We lack what other countries have for treatment. We are a bit behind in training and exposure of such services and doctors. This is what Medical Tourism will focus on,” says Mahato.

He further adds, “Medical Tourism will (persuade for global standards of healthcare to be provided &

upgrade the level of care) not be confined within hospital premises, but care will be delivered to patients like airport ambulance for complete treatment.” With his practice, Mahato is pushing the government to formulate supporting policies and keep it as a top priority to make Nepal an international medical hub.

Tourism” is a personal one; which was the demise of his mother. “My mother died of heart attack in the village. If there was any medical facility available, she would have been here with me. This is when I

Fresh Round With Dr. Upendra Mahato Which destination have you travelled most by air?

Janakpur. But nowadays, I prefer to fly by helicopter.

What is your favorite food?

Khichdi is my favorite.

How do you prefer spending your leisure time?

I enjoy tennis and social gatherings. Sometimes, I like to read books too.

What is a destination you ’d like to go to in the future?

With what I ’ve heard of Rara ’s beauty, it is definitely a place I ’d like to visit.

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lMy first flight was from Biratnagar to Kathmandu. I got so scared that I had my eyes shut the whole time. I decided to take the roadway for my next travels lDuring

my first international flight to Russia, sensing my fear, my friends had informed me about branded whiskeys offered by Nepal Airlines lThe most recent book I read is Mahako Ma by Madan Krishna Shrestha and Mala by Bijaya lSatrugatey was such a fun movie.

That ’s the latest one I ’ve watched

Nepal Mediciti and Buddha Air Partnership

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epal’s leading domestic airline and the very first multi specialty hospital of Nepal, Buddha Air and Nepal Mediciti have joined hands for a collaboration that will enhance wellness and safety of passengers and others alike. Assuring national and international travelers of world class travel and healthcare support services, the two leaders in the private sector have come together to take aviation medicine to greater heights in Nepal. The collaboration is slated to boost confidence among passengers and the traveler’s community about the availability of global standards of healthcare services. Every year, hundreds of patients around Nepal suffer due to lack of dedicated and

affordable medical support and transfer to specialized care centers for further treatment. With the advent of this partnership, patients in need of reliable and safe transfer around Nepal are availed to the highest standards of medical expertise. The collaboration entails special medical support services for patients who need stretcher facility during air travel and distinct medical needs and an elite team of doctors. Specialized medical escorting facility is provided to ensure that patients can be safely transferred to quaternary care facilities under the care and supervision of experts on such critical transfer procedures. Both leaders in their respective field believe that this partnership will be a breakthrough for a synergistic impact to uplift the confidence of people. In an economy that is heavily dependent on agriculture and remittance, this noble alignment will hopefully be a landmark move to boost service economy. This will set an example for other ventures to spearhead the progress of the service sector. Nepal

With the advent of this partnership, patients in need of reliable and safe transfer around Nepal are availed to the highest standards of medical expertise Mediciti has set a new benchmark in healthcare delivery system in Nepal by following the vision of being a private hospital with a public purpose. It aims to provide world class healthcare services in Nepal to end the burden for patients who need to go abroad for treatment.

The hospital has been in operation since September 2017 with all of their medical team available full time along with state of the art technology, infrastructure and equipments.

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EXPEDITION

26

The Magnificence of

Everest Even At 8383 m The journey of an aircraft technician who set his sights on conquering Everest 27

EXPEDITION

“W

as there no one to push you up a bit further? A person to say, the peak is just there, I am with you!” I asked him out of major curiosity.

He replied, “There was no one except the Sherpa (porter). We were a group of three people; me, the Sherpa and a Swedish guy. The Swedish guy had given up on Camp 2 (6400m approx), so it was only me and the Sherpa."

Bipin Pokhrel is a novice trekker from Kathmandu, Nepal. Growing up, he was always passionate and enthusiastic about traveling and exploring new places and trying new things. He has conquered most of the major trekking places of Nepal; Annapurna Circuit, Everest Base Camp, Rara, Khaptad, Tilicho, Gosaikunda, Phoksunda, Pathibara and Badimalika.

In 2014, he participated in the Everest Marathon which takes place in Nepal every year on 29 May. The marathon starts at Everest Base Camp and ends at Namche Bazaar. It was at this marathon that Bipin was lured by the magnificence of Everest, and was

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determined to conquer it. In 2018, he made his decision and packed his bag to fulfill his dream of conquering Everest.

Bipin had trained for a week at the Pasang Lhamu Sports Climbing Centre at Dhumbarahi for his journey towards Everest. Equipped with climbing gears and the necessary backpacks from Happy Feet Mountaineering and assistance from the owner, Mr. Dendi Sherpa, Bipin set out for Everest on 25 April 2018. Buddha Air had sponsored 8 out of the 10 lakhs required for the journey. He expressed with gratification, “Buddha Air has been my major backbone for the entire trip.”

However, due to loss of oxygen and energy, Bipin had to return from 8383 m, unable to fulfill his dream of conquering Everest, which is 8848 m tall. He said he missed his trek mates, and further explained, “I realized if it were them, I would have succeeded. It ’s a thing about your team, if one shows courage, energy is filled in automatically.”

Despite not summiting Everest, the view from 8383 m was just spectacular.

“Because of the curvature, the stars looked so close to me. I felt like I was at the sky. The views were heart-melting.

Mountains surrounded me, and my eyes could see them peeking out of the clouds to dwell in the sky and stars with me.”

I enquired about the secret hideouts of the trail, and Bipin replied, “Syangboche - an hour walk from Namche Bazaar that separates from the main trial.

From Syangboche, you see Everest and the white paradise and the energy refills.”

As an Aircraft Technician at Buddha Air, Bipin had completed his Aircraft Mechanical Engineering in India. During his academic years at India, he has travelled to South India, Mumbai, Delhi, etc. He has plans to further travel in the future. “Being at Buddha Air has been a blessing for me, as i get to align my profession to my passion”, says Bipin.

Talking about the realities and facts of his current trip, Bipin explained there has been tremendous growth in

tourism. “There were over 300 foreign mountaineers and over 30 Nepali nationals. Nepali trekkers were seen in more numbers until Everest Base Camp.” When asked about the oxygen and climbing gears used, he exclaimed with enthusiasm, “It was the first time I trekked with oxygen and the climbing gears. Climbers are required to walk with oxygen on 24/ 7.” He further went on about the gears he used. “There were 4 gears I carried with me. ‘Jhumar ’ was

used to climb up the built in ropes in the mountains and ‘Eight ’ was used to climb down the same. Crampons are foot gears that help to walk on the deep rooted snows. And lastly, the safety gear is locked with the harness and rope to ensure there is no harm incase the climber loses his/ her grip over the rope.”

In the month long transition at Everest Base Camp, climbers are taken for trek activities and acclimatization adventures.

These include going to and returning from

Base Camp onwards. It was from Everest Base Camp that Bipin feels his proper trek initiated. With masks and gears on, oxygen cylinder loaded on his back, and an ambition to put his feet on that 8848 tall Everest and drinking the snow melted water, he had a heavenly experience as a climber. Unfortunately, besides the thrills, the popular trekking routes seem to be equally polluted. The empty oxygen cylinders, bottles, unusable tents, cans and even human excretes are disposed on bare lands, which is a constant eyesore.

There appears to be very limited or Despite not summiting no arrangement of Everest, the view proper drainage or from 8383 m was just toilets for trekkers spectacular. “Because of from Camp 2.

From a climber's the curvature, the stars perspective, Bipin looked so close to me. I suggests that willing felt like I was at the sky. Nepali climbers The views were heartshould trek over melting.

Everest around the

Camp 3 (7200 m), warm up exercises that Sherpas take the trekkers to, etc. Trekkers themselves make groups and travel to nearby hideaways like Ama Dablam Base Camp, Island Peak Base Camp, Pumori High Camp, etc. On a routine basis, card playing with the locals is the fondest part. Bipin explained that “luxurious accommodations” were limited to Gorak Shep.

Adventure truly began when we started rooting our tents from Everest

end of the season, which is around the end of May or November. This is primarily because of the availability of rooms. “It is difficult for a Nepali to get a room in these areas as priority will be given to foreigners in terms of business,” explains Bipin.

Thus concludes the epic and mesmerizing tale of an aircraft technician who performs micro level analysis of Buddha Air ’s aircrafts after every flight to his ambitious journey of conquering the top of the world.

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D E S T I N AT I O N S

The

Best Romantic Escapes in Kathmandu

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E

l Pramita Shrestha

Every relationship, every once in a while needs a recharge so that there are less slamming doors and more giggles in the house. But people seem to be completely apathetic to the importance of romantic escapes and dates that recharge their love lives. But wait! When was the last you went out with your partner on a romantic outing? A happy, healthy and romantic companionship, whether you are husband and wife or just dating, calls for a getaway every now and then.

Having said that, even if you are a motivated romantic person determined to take your partner on a getaway in Kathmandu, "Where are we going?" is the question that pops! The valley being a crowded place makes you wonder where you could find a serene place to be together. You spend hours and hours searching for a place and ultimately get irritated and come to a conclusion of postponing the getaway. Most people can relate to this problem of indecisiveness when it comes to deciding a place to go with your loved one. Well, I hope the list below could save you for a few weekends as they are some of the best invigorating romantic escapes in and around the Kathmandu Valley:

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D E S T I N AT I O N S

Dhulikhel Dhulikhel, the old town of gods and traders, near to capital and close to nature attributes make it one of the most exotic destinations to visit. No wonder why super hits like Ghumna jaun, ghumna jaun, ghumna Dhulikhel‌.! (Lets roam, lets roam, lets roam Dhulikhel) were sung in the 1990s in appreciation of this place. Dhulikhel, one of the most preferred overnight destinations has so much to offer to seekers of romance despite its small territory. The panoramic views of the Himalayas, lush green vegetation, cool breeze, ancient monuments, Newari craftsmanship, narrow streets and warm hospitable people never fail to cater to its visitor's enchantment. If you are among those who believe going out on monsoon is a bad idea, we strongly recommend a safe ride to Dhulikhel; the place comes to life when it drizzles especially when you are with someone you love.

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Nagarkot Nagarkot is another popular hill station among lovebirds. Along with the romantic cool ambiance, Nagarkot is dotted with various Buddhist and Hindu temples, waterfalls and lush greenery that promises a worthwhile stay. Another major attraction that allures lovebirds is that the hill station, offers heartwarming sunrise and sunset views. Numerous people visit the hill station to witness the enthralling sunrise. The place also offers you the panoramic views of several peaks of Mt. Everest.

Shivapuri If you are a seeker of greenery and tranquility, Shivapuri is the place to be. Located exactly on the outskirt of the valley, Shivapuri Hills Station is away from all the hustle and bustle. Another attraction of the place is the Shivapuri National Park named after Shivapuri Peak.

The cool breeze blowing atop the hills, fresh

air and the green forest soothes your tensions and makes you feel good about everything around. This place is perfect for seekers of love and serenity.

Pharping Pharping, 20 kilometers southwest of Kathmandu is the ideal place to be to unwind from all the tussle of the mundane life the Kathmandu couples have been living. The place is ideal for an easy getaway from Kathmandu. You can find several resorts and hotels that offer an amazing outlook of the valley. If you are craving for a promising retreat along with several Hindu and Buddhist pilgrimage with your beloved, Pharping could be a great option.

You can spend the day exploring local landmarks, and evenings that offer you the best view of the dazzling city lights with your companion, any day you feel like taking a quick escape from the city.

Gokarna You can gear up anytime for a trip to Gokarna with your beloved as it located within the city limits of Kathmandu.

Gokarna is a retreat where you can bask in the luxury of nature and enjoy some romantic moments to cherish for a lifetime. Couples can always replete their desires of spending a quality time on the lap of nature along with a touch of city life. Gokarna is very popular among domestic tourists as a Hindu pilgrimage site. The place also adorns some of the nation's best resorts that

promise you amazing views of the forest around for a worthwhile stay and experience. This place is ideal for busy couples looking for a rejuvenating kick in their love life within the city.

Most mid-thirties couple would find going on romantic outings as something immature may be because we live in a society where going on dates is something you should shy away from. The term romance makes people shrink their nose when they are old to a relationship. Some even suppress their desires of going on a date for the fear of being judged for public display of affection. Why do we forget that it was the same thing that made us fall for that person in the first place? Why do we forget how we started? Though stupid today, going on dates, buying gifts used to make us happy and if going out with the one you love makes you happy, let nothing inhibit you. Trust me; you are never too old to get a romantic escape. So, where are you going this Saturday?

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C O V ER S T O R Y

Spiritual Khaptad The confluence of nature, culture  and spiritualism is Khaptad. It is a majestic gift where visitors can meditate, do yoga or just travel. To explore the vast beauty of Khaptad National Park, you will need to plan a minimum 7 days tour.

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K

haptad also has mythical tales about it. It has been mentioned as “Khechradri” in the scriptures and literatures of Hindu mythological books. There ’s a belief that the word “Khechar” has been modified to derive the name, Khaptad.

Khaptad is located in Province no. 7 in Nepal. Khaptad National Park was inaugurated by the Nepal Government on 9 Ashadh 2043 BS. The national park occupies an area of 225 sq.km. It lies at an altitude between 1,262 m to 3,276 m. On the highlands of Khaptad, there are 22 open grounds and numerous lakes.

Khaptad is known to have 372 species of plants and flowers and 125 species of herbs like Kalkut, Paachaule, Niramasi, etc. From the headquarters of Khaptad National Park, you can visit other destinations like Trivenidham, Khaptad Baba Ashram, Khapar Daha, Sahastra Linga and Ghode Dahunne. You can even go further into Rara Lake from Khaptad as well.

The best thing about Khaptad is that it can be visited throughout the year. Each season has its own perk. During monsoon season of Jestha - Ashadh, you enjoy the beauty of wild flowers,

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tfn C O V ER S T O R Y

but if you visit Khaptad during autumn season of Ashoj - Kartik, you get to see the magnificence of the Himalayas. During the winter season of Poush - Magh, Khaptad is covered in snow, but when you visit it during Chaitra- Baishakh, the rhododendrons bloom, captivating the traveler ’s heart. From the crest of Khaptad, you can enjoy the sights of Api and Saipal mountains.

From Kathmandu, you need at least 7 days to travel to Khaptad.

Day 1: Take about an hour long flight from

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Kathmandu to Dhangadhi. As the capital of Province no. 7, Dhangadhi is wellfacilitated with hotels, lodges, restaurants, colleges, hospitals, etc. After landing at Dhangadhi, drive for 7 hours to Dipayal.

The Dipayal Market in Doti district lies along the Seti River.

From Uttariya Chowk, Godhavari Dham is the next destination. From here, it is an uphill route to Khandidanda. This hill is the escape out junction from the blazing sun and where you can have meals. If you can hold your hunger, Bhatkanda is a better option as it has numerous restaurants. While driving,

you ’ll reach Sahukharka. It is renonwned for its Kheer (sweet dish made of rice and milk), which is the recommended dessert during the trek.

On the way, you can also visit Naagbeli (Serpentine) Road.

Day 2 While Dipayal Market is situated in the lower valley, Silgadi Market is situated in the upper valley. Silgadi is the commercial centre of Doti District and is 5 km from Dipayal. After an early morning visit to Saileshwari Temple at Silgadi, enjoy breakfast and drive to Jhigrana. The 15

Khaptad Lake

km route takes about an hour and a half drive.

Jhigrana is the entry gate to Khaptad.

An approximate 5 hour uphill walk leads you to Bichpani. This trail passes through the undisrupted beauty of rhododendron forest. Hearing the chirps of the birds is the icing on the cake as you walk the trail. But be wary, wild animals can sometimes pay a surprise visit. At the end of the uphill trek, you are greeted by the bamboo garden and then comes Bichpani. There are basic lodging facilities.

Day 3 Trekking on the third day is slightly easier as it goes downhill and there ’s a slight uphill. It ’s about a 5 hour walk to the Khaptad National Park headquarter from Bichpani. There ’s a massive pasture land on the route for cows, goats and horse grazing. You will admire the liveliness of the nature.

Further on the way is Triveni Dham.

Here, you will find the confluence of three rivers; Ganga, Jumuna and Saraswati and a temple as well. The temple premises

Khaptad Baba Khaptad Baba's actual name is Swami Sachitananda Saraswati. His ashram in Khaptad is a tourism site. You can find two different statues of Baba, one made of wood and other made of bronze. At the ashram, you can also find equipments that Baba had used in the past. Khaptad Baba was a doctor from India who travelled to Nepal for renunciation. For 50 years, he meditated, did yoga and practiced intensive discipline.

He stayed at Khaptad during monsoon and in Terai during winters. He has also written spiritual books like Bichar Bigyan, Swastha Bigyan, Naari Dharma Ra Purush Dharma, Dharma Bigyan, etc.

of Triveni Dham have the statues of Ganesha, Annapurna, Shiv-shankar and Basaha. According to the Hindu Skanda literature, it is said that the Pandavas came to Triveni Dham to offer their peace prayers to the souls who died in the Mahabharata war. Even now, people offer their peace prayers to the dead souls.

Once a year, there is also a fair at Khaptad locally known as Ganga Darshahara Mela which falls in the months of Jestha Ashadh. At the fair, pilgrims stay up all night and sing Deuda (local song sung by locals of Dailekh, Kalikot, Jumla, Achham, Bajang, Doti, Dadeldhura, Baitadi, Bajura and Darchula districts). In the morning, pilgrims bath in Triveni Dham, worship the temple and take a vow at

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C O V ER S T O R Y

the many lingas and end their pilgrimage journey. It is believed that people who take part in this worship are free from sins and gain Nirvana.

Not far from Triveni Dham lies Kedar Dhunga. Kedar Dhunga is regarded as the symbol of Lord Shiva. According to legend during the Mahabharata period after killing the cow (an animal sacred to Hindus), Dhaumya Rishi, preacher of Pandavas asked them to save the clan from sin. To do so, the Pandavas came to Khechradri Hill, did their worship and took blessings from Lord Shiva. In their process of worship at Triveni, the Pandavas had a dream where Lord Shiva was featured in the body of a child named

Kedar. In the dream, Lord Shiva was walking from Mansarovar to Khaptad.

The next morning, while the Pandavas were walking along the river, they saw Kedar. When they were approached Kedar, Lord Shiva converted into a stone and vanished. Legend says that as Kedar vanished into the land, his head reached Pashupati. This converted stone is Kedar Dhunga and is located near a pilgrim house built by King Birendra upon Khaptad Baba ’s request.

Day 4 After an early morning breakfast, walk uphill to Sahasra Linga from Triveni Dham.

Sahasreshwor, also known as Shad Dhari

Stone resides on the crest of the hill. The stone has three points. The first point is believed to be Lord Sahashreshwor, the second point is Goddess Parvati and the third point is Ganesh (son of Lord Shiva and Parvati). There are thousands of lingas under the holy stone.

After Sahasra Linga, walk to Khaptad Lake locally called Khapar Daha. The lake was divided among four different places, Khaappar, Dudhir, Ashankhi and Neelkantha. Khaappar signifies Lord Shiva were clean water runs. Dudhir signifies Birbhadra where only one part of the water is blurry, Ashankhi signifies Mahakali where a portion of the water was noted to be black and Neelkanta is where the water is noted to be blue.

Lord Shiva, with a skull (Khappar) in his hand once killed an evil named Khaparey in this place, hence the name Khaapar is linked to this mythological history.

TRAVEL TIPS l

Pack warm clothes and wear comfortable trekking shoes. Also pack trousers, t-shirts, sleeping backs, jacket, monkey cap, trekking stick, etc l Carry snacks and dry fruits, and water purifying drops . l Solo treks are discouraged as there are risks of encountering wild animals. Do not create loud noises as you might disturb the animals. l Special attention must be given to waste management.

Personal disposals like papers, plastics must be brought with self and disposed in the respective place.

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l

l

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Expect large crowds during fairs - which means there are limited spaces for lodging. Carry personal tents.

Plucking herbs is highly discouraged. Anything that holds value or importance to locals must not be bought without permission.

Respect the local culture, tradition, lifestyle and religion practices. Do not create discussions or disputes regarding caste, creed and political preferences.

Khaptad is a place that has spiritual significance. Refrain from carrying meat and alcohol.

a significant tourist attraction for the region.

Take a tour of Goddess Urgata Temple and Amargadi Fort and move towards Dhangadhi. In the evening, take a tour of Shivapuri Dham and overnight at a hotel in Dhangadhi.

Triveni Dham In the temple premises of Triveni Dham lies the statues of Ganesha, Annapurna, Shiv-Shankar and Basaha for worship. Following the Hindu Skanda Literature, it is said that Pandavas came to Triveni Dham to offer their peace prayers to the dead souls in the war of Mahabharata.

Thus, even in the present date, the same culture is forwarded to offer peace prayers to the dead souls.

On the northwest of Khaapar Lake is Jagannath Temple. There is a small settlement near the temple. The priests of this temple are cobblers. Once a year, a big fair is held at Jagannath during Bhadra. A palanquin of Jagannath is brought from the nearby village of Bajhang and is worshipped according to Hindu process. After Jagannath, head back to the guest house for meal and rest.

Day 5 Take a tour of the national park museum early the next morning.

In the museum, you can find photos and parts of dead animals from the forest. Head back the same way to Bichpani, Jhigrana and Dipayal. You can buy local and traditional souvenirs here.

Day 6 After shopping for souvenirs at Dipayal market, return to Dhangadhi. Upon arrival, visit Saalmuni and Bhageshwar Temples. Any genuine prayer is believed to be fulfilled at Saalmuni Temple. Goat sacrifices are done as a offering on a daily basis. The temple is also a popular destination for marriage for the Dalit community. You can also visit Bhageshwar Temple located on the banks of the Seti River.

For lunch, you will arrive at Dadeldhura. A popular hill station in the region, Dadeldhura is a quick escape for the locals of Dhangadhi and Mahendranagar during the summers. It is a place of religious importance where a temple dedicated to Goddess Urgatara is located. Amargadi Fort is another place of historic importance. The fort has the statue of late martyr Amar Singh Thapa. This well preserved fort has been

Day 7 After breakfast, fly back to Kathmandu and share your amazing Spiritual Khaptad journey with everyone!

The distance from Kathmandu to Dhangadi is 650 kms, and takes 16 hours by road and about 1 hour by flight. From Dhangadhi, it takes a 7 hour bus ride to reach Silgadhi OR you could go from Dipayal to Silgadhi to Jhigrana which is 1.5 hours by jeep.

There are various gifts and souvenirs to buy along your trek. The popular items to buy at Dipayal, Sahajpur and Dhangadhi are Basmati Rice, Chuk (sour paste), honey, beans, etc. Other favored items are handicraft made by the Tharu community. These are wooden bags, flower baskets, etc. A specialty item to buy is the wooden glass. If you put water in the wooden glass overnight and drink it early the next morning, it refreshes the body.

How to Reach?

Khaptad is the overturned bowl. One can reach to Khaptad via different ways like: -From Jhigrana, Doti -Chaanna, Bajhang -Kolti, Bajura -Sanfebagar, Accham and -Seema Chaukhutte Kathmandu to Dhangadi: 680 kms, 16 hours by bus.

1 Hour 10 minutes by air travel.

Dhangadi to Silgadhi: 200 kms, 7 hours by bus Dipayal to Silgadi to Jhigrana: 20 kms, 1.5 hours by jeep.

Foot travel from Jhigrana

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40

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efO/ n

… ;u+ LtsdL{Ú

o

: tf] nfU5– ;do clxn] sflnk|;fb afF: sf] 6fs} ;fydf 5 . pgL h] uLt ufOlbG5g\, ToFxL … efO/ nÚ eOlbG5 . ;+uLtdfq} el/ lbPsf uLt klg p: t } lx6 eOlbG5g\ .

To;} n ] xf] nf ahf/ df pgsf] klxrfg} eO;Sof] – … efO/ nÚ ;+uLtsdL{ . pgn] ufPsf … kfl/ Tof] 8fF8fdfÚ uLt ;f/ f 8fF8fkfvf gf3] / g] kfnL ;+uLtk| d] Lsf sfg;Dd k'Uof] . … lg/ hlxNo} l/ ;fpg] Ú uLt p: t } efO/ n } fp 3'dfpg dnfO{ 7d] n ahf/ Ú ;f/ f ljZj 3'Dof] . pgn] eOlbof] . … n h } f / Ú] , … rfxgf ;+uLt e/ s ] f] … ;g' ;fFOnLÚ klg lgs} lk|o eof] . … n h ;lsof] Ú h: tf uLtdf ;d] t pgs} zAb / ;+uLt 5g\ . pgsf uLt olt dg k/ fOg'sf] sf/ 0f s] xf] nf < sflnk|;fbnfO{ nfU5, pgsf uLt bfnefth: tf x'G5g\, To;} n ] dgk/ fOG5g\ . eG5g\, … vfg] s/' fdf dfG5] sf / f h ] fO cg] s xf] nfg\ . t/ , bfneft–t/ sf/ L dg kb}g { eGg] lgs} sd e] l6G5g\ . To: t } x'g\ d] / f uLt . xfd|f ] cfkm\g } df} lns s'/ fnfO{ ;a} nfO{ dg kg] { tl/ sfn] k: s s ] f] x'G5' . o; sf/ 0f ;a} n ] dg k/ fOlbg'ePsf] xf] nf .Ú pgsf] a'emfO{df bfneft eGg'sf] cy{ nf] s;+uLt xf] . h'g ;a} sf] / utdf 5 .

… lnl/ snÚ g} lx6 kl5Nnf] ;do uLt lx6 agfpg Do"lhs lel8of] agfpg] k|rng Jofks 5 . t/ ckjfb g} dfGg'k5{ , sflnk|;fbsf clwsf+z uLt lel8of] l/ lnhcl3 g} lx6 eP . … lnl/ snÚ g} ?rfOof] . / fd|f uLt lx6 x'g lel8of] grflxg] / x 5 ] eGg] dfGotf km] / L : yflkt eOlbof] . … d /] f hltklg uLtx¿ lx6 eP lt ;a} d'8df lyP, To;} n ] x] gs { f nflu agfOPsf] o'6o\ a' df klg d] / f uLt w] / } ;'lgP,… sflnk|;fb eG5g\, … clxn] ahf/ df Pp6f e|d 5, uLt rNgsf nflu / fd|f ] lel8of] rflxG5 eGg] . cem / fd|f ] lel8of] agfpg] dfG5] ;uF agfpg] , / fd|f df] 8n / fVg] / ldl8ofsf

42

dfG5]af6 agfpg] nufotsf rrf{ x'G5g\ . oL t cfkm}F lxF8g\ g;Sg]nfO{

j} ;fvL 6] sfpg] s'/ f x'g \ . ;an uLt cfkm} F s'b5 \ g\ .Ú pgnfO{ nfU5– uLt sfgs} nflu agfpg'k5{, cfFvfsf nflu xf] Og . eG5g\, … uLt x] g {] hdfgf cfof] eGg] s'/ fnfO{ unt ;flat ul/ lbP d] / f uLtn] . d slxNo} klg uLt agfpFbf lel8of] df s] lGb|t x'GgF . lsgls, cfkm\gf] sfd hlt xf] , Tolt ug] { . uLt / fd|f ] n] Vg] , ;+uLt / fd|f ] ug{ vf] Hg] . ToxL ul/ / x s ] f] x'G5' .Ú

… ;a} n ] lrGg ufpg} kg] { / x 5 ] Ú sflnk|;fbn] ;g\ @))* b] lv g} rNtLsf ;+uLtsf/ lyP . t/ pgL … kf/ L Tof] 8fF8fdfÚ uLt l/ lnh ePkl5dfq} >f] tfdfem … gf] l6: 8Ú eP . pgn] lkmNd … d~h/ LÚ , … le;f un{Ú , … dfntLsf] e§LÚ nufotdf ;+uLt e/ s ] f uLt klg rn] sf lyP . t/ pgL sxLFst} gh/ df k/ s ] f lyPgg\ . pgL : jod\ : jLsf5{g\ clxn] , … xf] , ;a} n ] lrGg ufpg} kg] { / x 5 ] .Ú w] / n } fO{ lh1f;f x'g;S5– oqf] jif{ ;+uLt dfq} u/ /] a;] sf] dfG5] df crfgs ufpg] d'8 s;/ L rNof] < o;sf] hjfkm klg 5 pgL;Fu . ] d lkmlnnLÚ sf] … hfndfÚ eGg] uLtdf Tof] z} nLsf] ufpg] eG5g\, … lkmNd … / z dfG5] gkfP/ d} n ] cfkm}n F ] ufPF . kl5 dfG5] n ] dg k/ fP . To;f] ubf{ub} { ufpg yflnPsf] xf] . Ú p;f] t ;+uLt If] qdf cfpg] x¿sf] ;'?sf] ?lr ufpg] g} x'G5 . sflnk|;fbnfO{ klg ;'?df ufos g} aGg] ef] s lyof] .

Ps lbg / l] 8of] df uLt ufP/ } 5f8\5' eGg] nIo lnPsf lyP pgn] . … bO' 6f hlt uLt cfkm\g } zAb, ;+uLt / : j/ df / s ] 8{ klg u/ F] t/ d] / f ] : j/ dnfO{ g} dg k/ g] ,Ú pgL ;'?jftL lbgdf kmls{P, … a? sDkf] lh;g / zAb dg k/ ] . To;kl5 d sDkf] h ug{lt/ } nfu] F . c¿n] klg ?rfP .

clxn] d] / f ] : j/ rNbf klg dnfO{ vt/ f ufos ePF eGg] e|d 5} g . sflnsf uLtdf … lg/ Ú , … k/ fgÚ h: tf zAb 7] 6 zAbsf] k|of] u a9L x'G5g\ . lsgsL dnfO{ yfxf 5, d e;{6fon ufos xf] Og . dnfO{ ;'6 x'g ] ufosL pgn] lo zAb cfkm\g } ufpF7fpFdf af] lng] eP/ k|of] u u/ s ] f x'g\ of ;'g s ] f kQf nufpg dnfO{ !% jif{ nfUof] . cfkm"nfO{ ufossf ¿kdf lrGg oqf] e/ df < eG5g\, … d sLlt{k/' df hGd] xs ' s {] f] x' F . To;} n ] … k/ fgÚ xfd|f ] sfF7 ;do klv{gk' ¥of] .Ú If] qdf >LdtL jf k| l] dsfnfO{ ;Daf] wg ug] { zAb lyof] . … lg/ Ú t uLt ufpFbf uGwj{n ] k|of] u ug] { zAb xf] . ;fob of] lg/ dfofsf] 5f] 6f] ¿k xf] . … n6' –@Ú sf] cfFvf c: ktfnsf k|fljlws … 7d] n ahf/ Ú uLtdf sfF7sf] bf] xf] / LnfO{ df] l8kmfO{ ug] { k|of; u/ s ] f] 5' .Ú w] / n } fO{ yfxf gxf] nf, oL efO/ n ufos tLg jif{cl3 ;Dd cfkm\gf] ;do k'/ f ;+uLtdf lbFb g} lyP . sf/ 0f– pgL ltnu+uf cfFvf c: ktfndf ;+VofeGbf : t/ df Wofg elg/ xg'gknf{, sflnk|;fb clxn] ahf/ df rn] sf ufos÷;+uLtsf/ df] tLlaGb' ePsfnfO{ k|of] u ul/ g ] n] G; agfpg] k|fljlws lyP . of] sfd pgn] !% jif{ u/ ] . … tLg jif{ a9L eof] 5f] 8 s ] f] . To;cl3 hflu/ af6 x'g \ . sfdsf] rfk klg a9L xf] nf . To;} n ] sfdsf] l: k8 klg a9fpg' ] f] xf] nf . t/ pgL sfdsf] l: k8 a9fpg} g;Sg] hjfkm lbG5g\ . km';b{ ePsf] ;dodf ;+uLt uy],+ { Ú pgn] eg] , … d n } ] cfhsf] lbgsf] ck] Iff kl/ / x s ] f] 5', oltd} 7Ls 5' . d} n ] w] / } sfd u/ s ] f] 5} g, u/ s ] } lyOgF . d] / f ] hLjgdf kl5Nnf b'O{ jif{df cgk] lIft 36gf eP . … d hlt u/ F] / ul/ / x s laleGg :6]h sfo{qmd / ;+uLtdf Jo: t ePkl5 hflu/ 5f8\gk' ¥of] .Ú yf] / } u/ F] t/ , dfG5] n ] ?rfPsf 5g\ . ;+Vof a9fP/ s] ug{ ' <Ú

… ;u+ Lt xf] Og, Odfgbf/ L laSof] Ú

… cjf8{ k|m G] 8\nL xf] O] g dÚ

sflnk|;fb cfkm"n ] slxNo} uLt;+uLt a] Rgsf nflu gagfPsf] atfpF5g\ . To;} n ] o;af6 cfPsf] cfDbfgLn] hLjg lgjf{x x'G5 eGg] ;f] r pgLdf lyPg h;sf/ 0f pgL hflu/ uy] { . … clxn] klg cfPsf] sfddWo] !) k|ltzt dfq} lnG5' . lsgeg] , d Jofkf/ sf nflu xf] Og, ;+uLt cfkm\gf nflu ul/ / x s ] f] x'G5',Ú pgsf] egfO{ 5 . t/ , clxn] t tkfO{s + f] ;+uLt dxFuf] df laSof] lg < eGg] k|Zgdf pgL o;/ L hjfkm lbG5g\, … d /] f ] ;+uLt las] sf] xf] Og, Odfgbf/ L las] sf] xf] . d} n ] Odfgbf/ Lk"js { ;+uLtsf nflu u/ s ] f] k|of; ;kmn ePsf] xf] . ;+uLt ahf/ df clxn] sd kfOg] eg] s } Odfgbf/ L xf] . ahf/ sf] lgod} s] 5 eg] h] sd kfOG5, Tof] dxFuf] df laS5 . ;+uLtdf klg Odfgbf/ L ld;fpFbf laSbf] / x 5 ] .Ú

;+uLt If] qdf k|bfg ul/ g ] cjf8{kl| t cfkm" Tolt ?rL g/ fVg] sfln atfpF5g\ . … d cjf8{ k|m G] 8\nL dfG5] xf] Og . cl3Nnf] jif{ ePsf b'O{ cjf8{df klg dnfO{ sfo{qmddf pkl: yt x'g ] eP cjf8{ lbG5' eg] cfof] hsn] . dnfO{ tl/ sf dg k/ g] . d] / f ] unt kmfObf p7fpFb 5 } g\ eGg] nfUof] . To;} n ] sfo{qmddf pkl: yt eOgF ,Ú pgL eG5g\, … To;} n ] cjf8{ kfOgF . gf/ fo0fuf] kfn, uf] kfn of] ~hg, d] njfb] jL, tf/ fb] jLx¿n] slt cjf8{ kfP < s;}nfO{ yfxf 5 < slt uLt ufP / s: tf ufP, ;a} nfO{ yfxf 5 . To;} n ] d cjf8{nfO{ dxTj lbGgF .Ú

tLg jif{cl3;Dd sflnk|;fb ltnu+uf cfFvf c: ktfndf df] tLlaGb' ePsfnfO{ k|of] u ul/ g] n] G; agfpg] k|fljlws lyP . hflu/ af6 km';b{ ePsf] ;dodf ;+uLt ey]+ { clxn] pgL hflu/ 5f] 8 /] ;+uLtdf Jo: t ePsf 5g\

3'Dg / rfpF5g\ pgL Ps t pgL ;+uLtsdL{ To;} n] : 6] h sfo{qmdsf nflu b] zljb] z k'lu/ xg'k5{ . g] kfnsf %) a9L lhNnf 3'ld;s] sf] atfpg] pgL aflx/ cd] l/ sf, ci6«] lnof, xªsª nufot y'k|} b] z 3'ld;s] sf 5g\ . eG5g\, … d gofF–gofF 7fpF 3'Dg / gofF–gofF dfG5] e] 6\g ?rfpF5',Ú pgn] eg] . csf] { / f] rs ?rL klg / x] 5 pgsf] – ljdfg b'3{6gfsf] cg';Gwfgdf ?rL / fVg' . To;} n] … Po/ s|of; OlGe] li6u] ;gÚ Rofgn ;A;qmfOe u/ ] sf / x] 5g\ hxfF ljdfg b'3{6gf;DaGwL syfx¿ x] g{ kfOG5g\ . w] / }nfO{ yfxf gxf] nf–km'6ansf kf/ vL sflnk|;fb vfglkgdf rfFxL k'/ } zfsfxf/ L x'g\ .

43

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n] vsx¿sf] vfglkg

pd] / ;uF } æ ;flTjs Æ

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efn] SjfPF SjfPF, ;'Ts] / LnfO{ VjfPFÚ h: tf bh{gf} + / f d] flG6s uLt ;+sng ug], { n] Vg] / ufpg] ufos u0f] z / l;s pd] / n] &) gfl3;s] . t} klg pgsf] af] nLarg / xfpefpdf … / l;skgfÚ 5Fb 5 } . Onfd, lkmSsnsf] lrofaf/ Ldfem … cUof{lgsÚ hLjg afFlr/ x s ] f / l;s kl5Nnf aif{df eg] sf7df8f}d +f ;+uLt gf6\o Ps] 8 d] Lsf] k|fl1s lgo'QmLdf hf] l8Psf 5g\ . … otf vfglkg ldNb} g, xfjfkfgL ldNb} g,Ú / l;s eG5g\— … ptf lkmSsnlt/ eg] lr;f] xfjf / x': ;s ' f] ;] stfkn] g} ef] s d] l6Ph: tf] x'G5 .Ú / l;s cfkm\gf] hftdf eg] y'nª ' / fO{ x'g,\ vfglkg / : jfbsf kf/ vL x'G5g\ / fO{x¿ . / fO{ hftLsf] d'Vo vfGsL eg] / lrlgPsf] … JfflrkfÚ -s'v/' f / f, +}

df;'sf 6'qmf, cb'jf, eft ldl;Psf] vfGsL_ / … lslgdfÚ -e6df;sf] s'xfP/ agfOg] vfGsL_ ;Fu / l;s klg nf] leg] uy] { . To;dfly / l;ssf] ;;'/ fnL d': tfª, yfsvf] n] z] / rg kl/ jf/ ePsfn] ysfnL : jfbsf] s'/ } ePg—;w} + : jflbnf] eftefG;f . … t/ , pd] / , : jf: Yo / vfglkg Pscsf{df hf] l8g] s'/ f / x 5 ] eGg] aNn yfxf kfpFb 5 } ,' Ú / l;s eG5g\—… pd] / df ^) nfu] kl5 d}n + ] df5fdf;' 5f8] +. lrgL klxn] b l] v g} vfGg . y/ / fO{ ePklg dfbs kbfy{df slxNo} ?rL / x g] . clxn] eg] Onfd] : jfbsf] lu|g–l6 / Rofp vfgdf Psbd} +xQ] u5' { .Ú vfglkgdf lgs} ;f} lvg / n] vgdf klg plQs} ;lqmo 8f= w|j' rGb| uf} td pd] / n] &% sf6] . pd] / cg';f/ ;'u/ ,

dnfO{ lrs] g afla{So' cem} dg k5{, e] l6Pdf … af;fÚ -df5f_ klg, aflx/ xNnf ePh: tf] lkoSs8 d xf] Og, a9Ldf @ k] u;Dd XjL: sL lkpg] u5',{ ToxL klg ;ftfdf Psk6s .

–u0f] z / l;s, ufos

–8f= w|j' rGb| uf} td, ;flxTosf/

t: jL/x? M s'df/ cfn]

pd] / , : jf: Yo / vfglkg Pscsf{df hf] l8g] s'/ f / x 5 ] eGg] aNn yfxf kfpFb 5 } ,' . pd] / df ^) nfu] kl5 d}n + ] df5fdf;' 5f8] +.

45

vfglkg

bxL df] xLd}+ a9L dg hfG5, clxn] klg lunf] eftdf yf] / } df5f jf s'v/' fsf] u| e] L rflxG5 g} .

–dfwjk|;fb l3ld/ ,] / fi6«slj k| ; ] / cflb / f u] sf] ;DefJotf;Fu } uf} tdn] klg vfglkgdf w] / } … k/ x h ] Ú / fVg yfn] sf 5g\ . … dnfO{ lrs] g afla{So' cem} dg k5{, e] l6Pdf … af;fÚ -df5f_ klg,Ú uf} tdn] ;'gfP— … k o] kbfy{df eg] aflx/ xNnf ePh: tf] lkoSs8 d xf] Og, a9Ldf @ k] u;Dd XjL: sL lkpg] u5',{ ToxL klg ;ftfdf Psk6s .Ú dw] zsf] aL/ uh + df hGd] –x'ss {] f uf} tdnfO{ clxn] ahf/ df kfOg] dMd, lkHhf cflbeGbf rgf–r6k6] , a} ug' sf] etf{, rdrd cflb dg kbf]/ { x 5 ] . … t/ l: ytL s: tf] e} lbof] eg] klxn] pd] / 5Fbf w] / } s'/ f vfg dg kYof], { uf] hLdf

k} ;f lyPg . clxn] uf] hLdf k} ;f 5, t/ : jf: Yon] ubf{ vfg} ldNb} g,Ú pgn] ;'gfP . pd] / df ztfAbL k'Ug nfu] sf / fi6«slj dfwjk|;fb l3ld/ ] klg vfglkgdf lgs} ;f} lvg kfq x'g \ . pd] / 5Fbf a9Ldf km"ndf/ r'/ f 6] lkpFb } lx+8g\ ] pgL klg dfbs kbfy{sf cDdnL eg] slxNo} ePgg\ . … bxLdf]x Ld}+ a9L dg hfG5,Ú l3ld/ n ] ] ;'gfP—… clxn] klg lunf] eftdf yf] / } df5f jf s'v/' fsf] u| e] L rflxG5 g} .Ú ;fgf] cfGb|fdf / Qm>fj ePkl5 ef/ tsf] d] bfGt c: ktfndf pkrf/ u/ /] xfn} 3/ kmls{Psf l3ld/ ] k'/ } cf/ fdLsf] cj: yfdf klg bfneft vfO/ x s ] f e] l6P .

dnfO{ of] l;hgdf tkfO{n] lbg'eof] eg] !@÷!% s] hL cfFk PSn} vfg ;S5' .

–8f= / fh] Gb| ljdn, n] vs

46

df} ;dcg';f/ sf] kmnkm"n t 5Fb 5 } , ;nfb / kfgL a9L vfg ?rfp“5 ' .

–zf/bf zdf{, n] vs

vfglkgdf km;L{l3/ fn +} f slxNo} dg gk/ fpg] l3ld/ ] efG;fdf km;L{ ksfPsf] 5 eg] cl: t ev{/ ; } Dd … P km;L{ < k;L{ vfG5' x} Ú eg] / klG5g] ubf{ / x 5 ] g\ . … t/ clxn] eg] oxL km;L{–l3/ fn +} fsf] t/ sf/ L vfg' eg] / 8fS6/ n] ;'emfPsf] 5,Ú pgn] ;'gfP . vfglkgdf ;flTjs / ;Dos hLjgz} nL ckgfpg] df n] vs zf/ bf zdf{ / 8f= / fh] Gb| ljdn klg k5{g \ . xl/ of] ;fu;AhL, df} ;dcg';f/ sf] kmnkm"n t 5Fb 5 } , ;nfb / kfgL a9L vfg] afgL klg zf/ bf;Fu / x 5 ] . … dnfO{ of] l;hgdf tkfO{n ] lbg'eof] eg] !@÷!% s] hL cfFk -cfd_ PSn} vfg ;S5',Ú &@ alif{o 8f= ljdnn] hgsk'/ af6 kmf] gdf eg] —… t/ : jf: Yo / c? sf/ 0fn] klg vfg} ldNb} g -kfO{b g} _ . cfkm"nfO{ vfglkgdf … ;o+ dLÚ eGg ?rfpg] 8f= ljdn lgoldt

ef] hgdf ;'Vvf / f 6] L, yf] / } df5f / ;fu;AhL dfq} lnG5g\ . … bz/ y d/ ] / fd/ fd eg] / , d] / f afp d5{g\ cfdcfd eg] / Ú eGb} cfkm\ gf 5f] / f5f] / Ln] cfkm"nfO{ lh: Sofpg] u/ s ] f] atfpFb } ljdnn] dflg;sf] z/ L/ ;uF vfg] s/' fsf] hGdhft cGt{;fOgf] / x s ] f] ;'gfpF5g\ . … d ;w} + o: t } / xG5' eGg] e|d / flv/ xg' 7Ls xf] Og,Ú ladnn] a'em] sf] s'/ f —… h ] vfgf vfPklg cGgk"0f{ b] jLsf] k|;fb ;lDemg} k5{ . ;s] ;Dd r'/ f 6] v} gL h: tf cDdn / dfbs kbfy{ ;] jg gu/ s ] } a] ; x'G5 .Ú z/ L/ ;uF } dg–jrg–sd{nfO{ : j: y / fVg s] jn b'O s'/ fdf Wofg lbg'kg] {/ fo 5, 8f= ljdnsf] . pgL eG5g\— lrGtf / ef] hg, oL b'a } s'/ f a9L glncf} +. z/ L/ ;Grf] e} xfN5 .

47

vfglkg

dfofn' d'6' wlt{sf ;Dk"0f{ k|f0fLnfO{ dfof u/ f +} eGg] ;Gb]zsf ;fy ;+;f/ e/ … leugÚ cleofg rn] sf] 5 . ToxL cleofgsL cleoGtf ;fd' of] ~hgn] 7d] ndf vf] n s ] f] … nleª xf6{Ú g} g] kfnsf] klxnf] e] ufg / i] 6'/ G] 6 dflgG5 .

df

48

G5] n ] h: tf] vfgf vfof] To: t } ljrf/ hlGdG5 . : j: y vfgf vfPdf z/ L/ : j: y x'G5 / ljrf/ klg : j: y hlGdG5 . ;w} + lg/ f u] L / xg z/ L/ ;'xfpFbf] vfgf vfg' k5{ . To: tf] vfgf h;n] z/ L/ df slAhot gu/ fcf] ; \ . slAhot g} ;a} / f u] sf] cfwf/ : tDe xf] . To;} n ] ;lhn} kRg] / lgisf;g x'g ] xNsf vfgf vfg' k5{ . /

z ] b] f/ cyf{t 5f] qmf÷af] qmf ePsf vfgf ;lhn} kR5 . df;', dlb/ f h: tf vfgf krfpg ;lhnf] x'bF g } . ToxL sf/ 0f k|fs[lts : jf: Yosf lj1x¿ zfsfxf/ L vfgfdf hf] 8 lbG5g\ .

zfsfxf/ Lx¿ zfGt, w}o { / ;'vL x'G5g\ . pgLx¿df s?0ff / k| d] sf] efjgf x'G5 . cr] n t … leug cleofgÚ rn] sf] 5 . hLjhGt'nfO{ b'Mv lbP/ cfpg] pTkfbg k|of] u ug'{ x'bF g} eGg] leug dfGotf 5 . ;fdfGotM zfsfxf/ Lx¿ bxL, b"w, dx cflb ;] jg u5{g \ . leugx¿ rflxF k|f0fLaf6 k|fKt x'g ] s'g } klg pTkfbg vfFb g} g\ . olt;Dd ls 5fnfsf k] 6L, Hofs] 6, h'Qf / pmgLsf sk8f klg nufpFb g} g\ . … wlt{sf ;Dk"0f{ k|f0fLnfO{ dfof u/ fÚ +} eGg] ;Gb]zsf ;fy ;+;f/ e/ … leugÚ cleofg rn] sf] 5 . leotgfdL u'? … ;l' k|d df: 6/ lrª xfO{Ú leugsf k|dv ' cleoGtf x'g \ . pgaf6 nfvf} +lblIft e} ;s] sf 5g\ . g]k fndf klg 5g\ pgsf cg'ofoL . sf7df8f}s

+ f] u} / Lwf/ fdf … cgGt Hof] tL Wofg s] Gb|Ú 5 hxfF x/ s ] zlgaf/

bfaL ul/ Psf] 5 .

7d] nsf] h] 8 l: 66« df cjtf/ sf7df8f} + xf] 6nsf] e'OtF nfdf 5 / i] 6'/ G] 6 hxfF $ bh{g lsl;dsf kl/ sf/ kfOG5 . ToxfF g] kfnL / ljb] zL ;/ f a] / L x'G5g\ . of] ~hgn] af} 4df @)&! r} tdf vf] n s ] L lyOg\ / i] 6'/ G] 6 . kl5 )&% h] 7b] lv To;nfO{ 7d] ndf ;fl/ g \ . nleª xf6{ laxfg !) b]l v / ftL ( ah] ;Dd v'N5 . ToxfF % hgfn] / f h ] uf/ L kfPsf 5g\ . ;Dks{ M nleª xf6{ / i] 6'/ G6 , 7d] n kmf] g M (*!#&#*(%^ v'Ng] ;do M !)–( ah] .

laxfg !) ah] bl ] v # ah] ;Dd Wofg u/ fOG5 .

To: t } dlxgfsf] clGtd zlgaf/ laxfg & b] lv % ah] ;Dd l/ l6«6 u/ fOG5 . To;df Wofg, vfgf / k|jrg x'G5 . u'? lrª xfOsL g] kfnL r] nL ;fd' of] ~hgn] sf7df8f}s + f] 7d] ndf leug / i] 6'/ G] 6 rnfPsL l5g\–… nleª xf6{ .Ú of] g} g] kfnsf] klxnf] leug / i] 6'/ G] 6

n'lDagL ;kgf x] 6f}8 + fsL ;fd' of] ~hgsf] !$ hgfsf] kl/ jf/ g} leug 5– df5f, df;', b'w, bxL s] xL vfFb g} g\ . pgL u'?af6 lblIft ePsf] !* jif{ eof] . ;fgf]df b"w vflGyg\ . ufO{, e}; + Lsf aRrfsf] xs nfUg] b'w vf] ; /] vfg' kfk xf] eGg] a'em] kl5 pgn] vfg 5fl8g\ . cGg vfPsf] sd{sf] ef/ f rflxF s?0ff, pbf/ tf, Wofg, ;] jf / w} oa{ f6 ltg{ ;lsg] pgsf] ts{ 5 . … nleª xf6{Ú sf] ;kmntf;Fu } xf} l;PsL l5g\ pgL . l5§} sf7df8f}d + } zfvf vf] Ng] of] hgf 5 .

Tolt dfq xf] Og, kljq e"dL n'lDagLdf klg leug / i] 6'/ G] 6 h?/ L b] v s ] L l5g\–… xfdL n'lDagLdf klg zfvf vf] Ng] 5f} + .Ú

Churchill Complex, Sundhara, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 01-6210579, Fax: 01-4268107 email: pathibhara_2010@hotmail.com

49

sf] ;] nL

uf] vf{ v's'/ L ljZjo'4df uf] vf{ ;} lgsn] v's/' Lsf e/ df b] vfPsf] axfb'/ Lsf] syf k9] sf÷;'g s ] f ljb] zLx¿ g] kfn 3'd /] kms{g ] a] nf v's/' L n} hfG5g\ .

50

s'

g} klg 7fpF 3'd /] kms{g ] a] nf ko{6s ToxfFsf] snf, Oltxf; jf ;+: sl[ t emNsg] sf] ; n ] L lnP/ hfG5g\ . ;fdfGotM sf] ; n ] L tLg lsl;dsf x'G5g\–vfg] , k|of] u ug] {/ ;hfpg] .

v's/' Lsf] d"No ;fOh cg';f/ !% ;ob]l v & xhf/ ?k} ofF;Dd k5{ . lsl;d lsl;dsf l8hfOgdf v's/' L lsGg kfOG5

vfg] s/' f vfPkl5 ;lsG5 . k|of] udf cfpg] ;fdfgsf] klg lglZrt cfo' x'G5 . t/ , ;hfpg] ;fdfu|L h'uh'u;Dd / xG5 . s: tf] sf] ; n ] L 5fGg], k|of] u ug]{ jf ;hfpg] eGg] s'/ f ;DalGwt dfG5]s } OR5fdf e/ k5{ . ko{6sn] g] kfnaf6 n} hfg] w] / v } fn] sf] ; n ] L 5g\ . To: t } Pp6f gfdL sf] ; n ] L xf] –v's/' L .

3/ df ;hfpg / k|of] u ug{ of] a] ; x'G5 . sf7df8f}s + f 7d] n, a;Gtk'/ , kf] v/ f, lrtjg, kf6g / eQmk'/ df yl/ yl/ sf v's/' L kfOG5 . g] kfnLsf nflu v's/' L uf} / jsf] k|lts xf] . ljZjo'4df uf] vf{ ;} lgsn] v's/' Lsf e/ df n8] / axfb'/ L b] vfPsf lyP . ToxL Oltxf; k9] sf÷;'g s ] f ljb] zLx¿ … uf] vf{ v's/' LÚ lsG5g\ . sf] ; n ] L 3/ x¿n] v's/' L;Fu } uf] vf{ ;} lgssf tl: a/ ;hfPsf 5g\ .

7d] nsf] … uf] vf{h v's/' L xfp;Ú sf sd{rf/ L ;'dg If] qLsf cg';f/ xlG6ª, SoflDkª / 8] nL k|of] usf nflu v's/' L lalqm x'G5 . cr] n ljb] zL dfq xf] Og, g] kfnL klg v's/' L sf] ; n ] L n} hfG5g\ . laz] iftM a] nfotL ;] gfdf sfd u/ s ] f nfx'/ ] / ltgsf kl/ jf/ Pj+ o'/ f k] df a: g x] ¿ v's/' L / f H] 5g\ . v's/' Lsf] d"No ;fOh cg';f/ !% ;ob]l v & xhf/ ?k} ofF;Dd k5{ . lsl;d lsl;dsf l8hfOgdf v's/' L lsGg kfOG5 . sltko v's/' Lsf bfk dfq xf] Og, v's/' Lsf] kftf] df klg a'§f s'lF bPsf] x'G5, h'g leQfdf ;hfOG5 . bfk s'g } 5fnfsf, s'g } sf7sf, s'g } 9'uF fsf / s'g} kmnfdsf x'G5g\ .

51

p8fg cg'ej

klxnf]

xjfO{

cg'ej dfG5] sf] hLjgdf klxnf] cg'ejsf] 7"nf] dxTj x'G5 rfFx ] Tof] k| d] sf] xf] ;\ of c? g} . xfdLn] ljljw If] qsf ;] lnla|6L;Fu pgLx¿sf] klxnf] xjfO{ ofqfaf/ ] oxfF hfGg vf] h] sf 5f} +. sd / f r] s 5} g, pgLx¿sf] klxnf] xjfO{ cg'ej . k9\g; ' \ pgLx¿s} zAbdf M

… Kn] g tn embf{ em;ª\u ePFÚ / ljGb| clwsf/ L, ;+: sl[ t, ko{6g tyf gful/ s p8\8og dGqL Tolta] nf d ^ jif{sf] lyPF . To;} n ] w] / } s'/ f t ofb 5} g t/ yf] / } ;Demgf 5 . Tof] a] nf xjfO{hxfh Psbd} yf] / } lyP . d g] kfn Po/ nfOG;sf] ;fgf] hxfh r9] / kf] v/ fb] lv sf7df8f} + cfPsf] lyPF . a'afcfdf;Fu lyPF . hxfhleq vfg] s/' f lbPsf] ofb 5 . Po/ xf] : 6 h ] n] rsn] 6 lbPsf] b[Zo cem} ;Demgfdf 5 .

Kn] gsf] kf+uf| , em\ofnx¿ cem} ofb 5g\ . Kn] g s: tf] xf] nf eGg] sf} tx'ntf t lyof] t/ 8/ rfFxL To: tf] vf;} nfu] g . a? Kn] g NofG8 x'g ] a] nfdf dflyaf6 tn embf{rfFxL cln em;+u ePsf] lyPF . ;fgf] df r9] sf] eP/ xf] nf, of] eGbf a9L ;Demgf 5} g .

… Ps d'7L rsn] 6 l6k] sL lyPFÚ / v ] f yfkf, cleg] qL klxnf]k N6 Kn]g r9\bf d !@ jif{sL lyPF . g] sf] g Po/ af6 lj/ f6gu/ b l] v sf7df8f} + p8\b} lyPF . : sn ' ljbf ePsfn] a'afn] dnfO{ sf7df8f} + 3'dfpg NofpFb } x'gx' G' Yof] . ;fg} b l] v lg8/ : jefj eP/ xf] nf, 8/ t nfu] sf] lyPg . t/ pT;fx Psbd} w] / } lyof] . kfOn6n] Kn] g s;/ L rnfpF5 eGg] nfUYof] < a'afn] kfOn6 a: g l] t/ nu] / b] vfpg' klg ePsf] lyof] .

Kn] g hlt dfly p8\Yof] d Tolt pT;flxt lyP . jfp † Sof / dfOnf] eGg] lkmn ePsf] lyof] . dflyaf6 tn x]b f{ lt afbnx¿ b] v /] dHhf cfPsf] lyof] . afbn dfly 6] s /] lx8\g kfP x'GYof] h: tf] nfu] sf] lyof] . ;] tf] afbn b] Vbf cK;/ f gfFr s ] f] sNkgf uy] {. clg cfkm} nfO{ cK;/ f agfP/ gfRy] F . dnfO{ Kn]g qm\of; x'G5 eGg] yfxf lyPg . To;} n ] klg 8/ lyPg . Po/ xf] : 6n] rsn] 6 lbFbf v'zLn] ub\ub\ ePsL lyPF . Ps d'7L rsn] 6 l6k]s f] lyPF . dnfO{ d] / f ] klxnf] ljdfg ofqfaf/ ] ofb ePsf] olt g} xf] .

53

p8fg cg'ej

… Kn] g l56f] l56f] p8\bf xft sfFKof] Ú / f d] L lu/ L, t] SjfGbf] v] nf8L hlta] nf d] / f v'§fx¿ lqe'jg cGt/ fli6«o ljdfg: ynsf] 9f] sftkm{ nDsb} lyPF, d'6' 8/ n ] t] h eO/ x s ] f] lyof] . klxnf] kN6 Kn]g r9\b } lyPF, Tof] klg : jb]z xf] Og Ps} kN6 ljb] z . ;g\ @)!% d] cGTolt/ sf] s'/ f xf] , g] kfnL t] SjfGbf] nfO{ k|ltlglwTj ub} {of]ª ln8/ l;k SofDksf nflu hfkfg hfFb } lyPF . hlt d Kn] gsf] glhs glhs k'Ub} lyPF, dgdf 8/ plt g} w] / } a9L/ x s ] f] lyof] . Aofu, l6s6, af] l8{ª kf; ;a} r] s u/ fO;s] kl5 d Kn] g p8\g ] ;dosf] kvfO{df lyPF . ha d} n ] … km\nfO6 !() 6' dn] l;of Oh gfp af] l8ªÚ eg] sf] ;'g, F] Kn] g r9\ glt/ nfu] F . u|Lg–u| ] 8« ; ] nufPsf Ps hgf Kn] g ofq'n ] dnfO{ eg] , … dn]l ;ofsf] p8fg !() df oxfFnfO{ : jfut 5 .Ú To;kl5 d l;6df a;] F . nfu] sf] lyof] , l;6df d PSn} x'G5' . t/ d] / f ] bflxg]l t/ csf] {Pshgf k'?if cfOk'u ] . nueu #) jif{sf Û pgL Kn] gd} lgbfpg yfn] . d eg] Kn] g p8\g yfn] kl5 cflQP . hlt Kn] g l56f] l56f] p8\g yfNof] , d] /f ] xft Tolt g} sfFKg yfNof] .

Psl5gkl5 ha d} n ] d xfjfdf ePsf] dx;'; u/ , F] PsfPs dg zfGt eof] . rf/ 306f $% ldg] 6sf] ofqfkl5 Kn] g cjt/ 0f ePsf] lyof] . ha d dn] l;of cf] ln{P, of] Kn] g d} n ] km] / L klg r9\gk' 5{ eGg] dx;'; u/ +] . ;a} hgf cf] ln{Pkl5 dfq d cf] ln{P . dn] l;of xfd|f ] … 6f« lGh6 kf] OG6Ú lyof] . b'O 306fsf] cf/ fdkl5 km]/ L d Kn]g r9\b 5 } ' eGg] dnfO{ yfxf lyof] . t} klg d ge{; lyPF . t/ ca d Kn]g r9\bf ge{; x'lF bg . ca t afgL kl/ ;Sof] .

… klxnf] kN6 Kn]g r9\bf ufpFel/ xNnf eP5Ú gflh/ x'; g] , snfsf/ ;g\ @)!$ lt/ xf] d klxnf] kN6 Kng] r9] sf] . cg'ej Psbd} xfF;p7\bf] 5 . Obsf] ;do lyof] . d klxnf] kN6 Kn] g r9] / sf7df8f}a + f6 3/ hfFb } lyPF . sf7df8f}– + l;d/ f;Dd Psbd} 5f] 6f] ;dosf] km\nfO6 lyof] . t} klg xfjfdf p8\g kfpFbf Psbd} pT;flxt lyPF . p;} t dnfO{ cUnf] b l] v 8/ gnfUg] Û cUnf] 7fpF hfg Psbd} dgkg] { . ToxLdfly ljb] z uP/ cfpg] bfO{x¿n] nufPsf] ukm ;'Gbf clxNo} Kn] g r9f} + eGg] x'GYof] . Tof] OR5f Tof] lbg k'/ f x'bF } lyof] . bfO{x¿ eGg'xG' Yof] , … Kn] gaf6 k[YjL 8Nnf] b] lvG5 .Ú xf] ls xf] Og t < d] / f ] sf} tx'ntf 8/ eGbf klg

54

8Nnf] b] lvG5 ls b] lvFb g} eGg] lt/ lyof] . t/ ha r9] F To: tf] kfOgF . vf;} 8Nnf] b] lvFb g} / x 5 ] . a?

3/ x¿rfFxL ;–;fgf] b] lvg] / x 5 ] . !$ ldg] 6sf] dfq} ePsf] lyof] ofqf . olt l5§} Kn]g af6 eml/ of] ls r9] sf] / em/ s ] f] yfx} ePg . dHhf eof] klg ePg klg . t/ Tof] lbg Kn] g r9] kl5rfFxL bfO{x¿n] 8Nnf] x'G5 eg]/ ukm nfP5g eGg] lkmn ePsf] lyof] . ptf ufpF3/ df k'/f xNnf eP5, … cfh ;fgf] efO Kn] gaf6 3/ cfpFb 5 } .Ú h] xf] ;,\ km: 6 6fOdsf] cg'ej kmGgL g} lyof] . d] / f ] ;a} eGbf nfdf] km\nfO6rfFxL ci6« l] nof hfFbfsf] xf] . Psbd} dHhf ePsf] lyof] .

… l;6 a] N6 vf] Ng} hflgPgÚ / fh] zkfon / fO{, ufos ;g\ !((@ lt/ sf] s'/ f xf] . d nf] suLt k|ltof] lutfdf efu lngsf nflu vf] 6fªaf6 sf7df8f} +cfpFb } lyPF . Tof] klg klxnf] kN6 Kn] g r9] / . sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g kfpFbfsf] pT;fx Psflt/ 5Fb l} yof] Tof] eGbf a9L Kn] g r9\g kfpFbfsf] lyof] . vf] 6fªsf] nfld8fF8f ljdfg: ynaf6 d tTsflng / f o] n g] kfnsf] Kn] g r9\b } lyPF . Kn]g leq l5/ k] l5 l;6sf] a] N6 afFWg elgPsf] lyof] . dnfO{ cem} ofb 5, Tolta] nf dnfO{ l;6a]N 6 afFWg cfPsf] lyPg . Po/ xf] : 6hn] ;xof] u u/ s ] L lyOg .

To;kl5 Kn]g df ?jf -skf;_ / rsn] 6 lbOPsf] lyof] . rsn] 6 t vfOof] t/ ?jf s] ug] { Û yfxf lyPg . xftdf af] s /] } al;of] . kl5 cf] ln{Pkl5 yfxf eof] – sfgdf nfpgnfO{ / x 5 ] . ha Kn] g sf7df8f} + Po/ kf] 6d{ f / f l] sof] Tolta] nf klg d] / f ] / dfOnf] cg'ej 5 . ;a} Kn] gaf6 cf] ln{bf klg d cf] ln{Psf] lyOgF .

Kn] gd} a: g ] dg nfu] / xf] Og t/ l;6 a] N6 vf] Ng ghfg] / Û Po/ xf] : 6hn] vf] Nb] sL lyOg . clg cf] ln{Psf] lyPF . To: t } d] / f] klxnf] ljb]z xjfO{ofqf rfFxL ;g\ !((* lt/ ePsf] lyof] . xªsª uPsf] lyPF . Toqf] 7"nf] hxfh b] Vbf Psl5g t rlst} ePsf] lyPF . s'ga } n ] f dnfO{ l;6 a] N6 afFWg cfpFb g} Yof] t/ cfh ;DejtM ;a} eGbf a9L Kn] g r9\g ] snfsf/ dWo]d f k5'{ d . h] xf] ;\ v'zL nfU5 .

55

p8fg cg'ej

… cfsfzsf] b[Zo cem} cfFvfdf gflr/ x s ] f] 5Ú s] kL 9'u+ fgf, ;Dkfbs – z'qmjf/ ;fKtflxs kf] v/ f ljdfg: yn ejgsf] Sofkm] df a;] / vfPsf] slkmn] Hofgdf t/ u+ Nofpg} ;s] g.

Hofg nvt/ fg lyof] d': tfªsf] ofqfn] . sl/ j !$ jif{ cufl8 ko{6g af] 8s { f] sfo{qmd cGtu{t cfwf bh{g ;Grf/ sdL{;lxt d':t fª k'u s ] f] lyPF . nIo d': tfªsf] hf] d;f] db] vL kf] v/ f;Dd k} bnofqf .

ToxfFsf] cj: yf, : yfgLo xf] 6nsf] jftfj/ 0f, ko{6ssf] rfk / ;'ljwf o: t } lyP ljifoj: t ' . dgf] / d k|fs[lts b[i\ on] dg dl: tis

r+uf agfof] . : yfgLo : jfbn] lha|f ] g/ dfpg] s'/ } ePg . @ lbg nfu] sf] lyof] d':t fªaf6 kf] v/ f;Dd cfOk'Ug . t/ dhf a] Un} .

Ps lbgsf] cf/ fdkl5 kf] v/ f sf7df8f} + ofqfsf nflu xjfO{dfu{ / f l] hPsf] lyof] . dg t k|m; ] x'g ] g} eof] t/ tgsf d;nn] ;fy lbPsf] lyPg . dgdf csf] {8/ klg lyof] . klxnf] k6s xjfO{ofqf ub}{ lyPF. Xof s] xL x'Gg eGg] gnfu] sf] x} g. t} klg s] xf] s] xf] Û leqleq} 8/ nfUbf] / x 5 ] . kvf{O{ ;lsof] . ;'/ Iff hfFr kf/ u/ /] wfjgdfu{ k'u F] . Kn]g b] Vbf dg 9'Ss eof] . kSs} cg'xf/ sf] / ª ablnof] xf] nf g} . 5\of Kn] g r9\g lg 8/ fof] eg] / ;flyx¿n] lh: sfpnfg\ eg] / ;fdfGo x'g ] k|of; u/ ] . 9f] sfdf k'Ubf uf] 8f xNsf na{/ fP .

j l/ k/ Lsf ;flysf] d'xf/ x] bf{ yfxf eof] pgLx¿ klg d h: t } 8/ fPsf lyPF leqleq} . t/ lkm: ; xf;] / axfb'/ L b] vfO/ x s ] f lyP . l;6df al;of] . d ;lxt w] / s } f] nflu cfsf;sf] p8fg klxnf] / 5 } . jl/ k/ Lsf ;fyLsf] d'xf/ x] bf{ yfxf eof] pgLx¿ klg d h: t} 8/ fPsf lyP leqleq} . t/ lkm: ; xf;] / axfb'/ L b] vfO/ x s ] f lyP . w] / s } f] ;+: d/ 0fdf Kn] gsf] l;6a] N6 afWg gcfPsf] k|;u+ k9] sf] lyPF . cfkm\gf] klg ToxL xfn x'g ] xf] ls Û jN6fO{ kN6fO{ u/ F] . d]; f] g} kfOg. l;6 a]N 6 af“Wg lgb]z { g cfof] t/ stf l5/ fpg] kQ} nfu] g. Po/ xf] : 6 h ] cfP/ ;3fOg\ .

To} 6 slt ;lhnf] / 5 } .

OlGhgsf] cfjfhn] w8\sg a9fpg] g} eof] .

Kn] g la: tf/ } / g j] df u'8g\ yfNof] . ;fdfGo x'g ] k|of;df otfptf x] / F] . @ hgf ;fly t cfFvf lrlDnP/ l;6 a] : ;/ L ;dfP/ a;] sf lyP . xfF;f] nfUof] Tof] b] Vbf .

Kn] gsf] ult a9\of] . l;6 g} t ;dfltg t/ eoªs/ 8/ nfu] sf] lyof] . l;l/Ë ef] . cfFvf cfkm;] cfkm aGb ef] . cfFvf p3fbf{ d cfsfzdf lyPF . Tof] a] nf sf7df8f}d + flysf] cfsfzdf cfpFbf b] lvPsf] b[io cem} cfFvfdf gflr/ x s ] f] 5 .

56

;+: d/ 0f

Ps bzsb] lv a'Wb ofqf e

lgG5– … lhGbuL cfkm}d F f Pp6f ofqf xf] .Ú To;} n] d lhGbuLdf ul/ g ] ofqfnfO{ ofqfleqsf] ofqf eG5' . ofqfsf cg'ej / cg'el" t km/ s km/ s x'G5g\ . d}n ] ;f9] rf/ bzssf] hLjgdf y'k }| ofqf u/ s ] f] 5' . x/ s ] dfG5] ofqfdf / dfpF5 . ofqfsf p2] Zo, ?k, kl/ j z ] / cfly{s x} l;ot cg';f/ ;jf/ L ;fwg klg km/ s km/ s x'G5g\ . ufpFdf 8f] nLdf a] xn ' fa] xn ' L af] Sg] , 8f] sf] df la/ fdL af] Sg] , lk7\odF' f aRrf af] Sg] b l] v vRr/ df ;fdfg 9'jfgL ug]; { Ddsf ;fjf/ L ;fwg cem} rlNtdf 5g\ . cfw'lgstf;Fu } oftfoftsf ;fwg / 3'dlkm/ sf] hLjgz} nLdf kl/ jt{g cfPsf] 5 . d} n ] klg cfw'lgs ;jf/ Lsf ;fwg dflgg] ;fOsn, df] 6/ ;fOsn, uf8Lb] lv xjfOhxfhDd k|of] u u/ s ] f] 5' . ;j} ;jf/ L ;fwgdf ofqfsf ofbuf/ cg'el" t 5g\ . Tof] dWo] ljdfg ofqfsf] cg'el" t cln k[ys 5 . d} n ] klxnf] k6s @)$& ;fnlt/ l 8f= 6Lsf/ fd kf] v/ ] n sf7df8f}b F l] v lj/ f6gu/ ;Dd g] sf] g lgb]z { s, / fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof] u, xl/ x/ ejg Po/ sf] hxfh r9] y F] . To;kl5 JolQmutb] lv sfof{nosf sfddf l;nl;ndf xjfO{ ofqf hf/ L 5 . d] / f ] xjfO{ofqfn] / ht jif{ s6fO;s] 5 . oL jif{x¿df d} n ] em08} !) j6f hlt Po/ nfOG;sf hxfh r9] Fx'n F f . a'Wb Po/ sf hxfh r9 \bfsf] cg'el" t cem leGg 5 . klxnf] s'/ f, ofqf eGg] lalQs} cf/ fdbfoL / ;'/ lIft x'gk' 5{ . d k|fljlws s'/ f t hflGbg t/ w] / } JolQmx¿;Fusf] s'/f sfgLdf a'Wb Po/ t'ngfTds ?kdf a9L ;'/ lIft 5 eGg] ;'g s ] f] 5' . d] / f ] dgf]l j1fgdf klg a'Wb Po/ a9L ;'/ lIft 5 eGg] k/ s ] f] 5 . ;+ejt sd b'36{ gf eP/ klg xf] nf, d a'Wb Po/ sf hxfhdf r9\g ?rfpF5 ' . a'Wb Po/ sf] ;] jf dnfO{ cf/ fdbfoL klg nfU5 . lgoldt xjfO{ p8fg, w] / } uGtJo, w] / } hxfh, 7"nf hxfh / 7"nf] sDkgL ePsfn] klg a'Wb Po/ ;a} sf] 5gf} 6df k/ s ] f] xf] . sd{rf/ Lx¿sf] cfTdLo Jojxf/ / Po/ xf] i6] hsf] ld7f] d': sfgn] ;w} F nf] EofpF5 . xjfO{hxfhdf afFl8g] rsn] 6sf] : jfb e'Ng ;lSbgF . hxfhdf ofq'nfO{ lbg] lkg6\; / s] s ;DemFb} dv ' / ;fpF5 . lr;f] ldg/ n jf6/ n ] ;w}F zLtn ePsf] cg'ej u5' { . cln nfdf] ofqfdf kqklqsf ;fyL aGg] u/ s ] f 5g\ . hxfh r9] kl5sf] ;'/ Iff lj|lkmªn] ofq'

;'/ Iffk|lt a'Wb Po/ uDeL/ ePsf] dx;'; x'G5 . d ;g\ @))( b] lv g} a'Wb Po/ , / f o] n Snasf] ;b: o 5' . ofqfdf kfPsf] dfOn] hn] d] / f ] ofqfnfO{ slxn] sfxLF lgMz'Ns agfPsf] klg 5 . af] g; ofqf eGg] u/ s ] f] 5' o;nfO{ . sltko cj: yfdf ;x'lnot l6s6 klg lnPsf] 5' . o: tf ;x'lnot b/ sf l6s6n] Go"g cfo ePsf g] kfnLnfO{ / fxt k'u s ] f] 5 . d @)^* ;fnlt/ / fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof] usf] wgu9L If] qLo sfof{nosf] k|dv ' sf ?kdf sfo{/ t lyPF F . Pslbg sf7df8f} F cfpg'kg] { ePsfn] / k|foM a'Wb Po/ af6} p8\g ] u/ s ] f] n ] Ps lbg cufj} a'Wb Po/ sf] l6s6 lnPF . t/ hxfh p8\g ] clGtd cj: Yffdf ch]G {6 sfd cfOnfu] / sf7df8f} Fp8\g ;lsgF . l6s6sf] ldlt ;fg{ Po/ nfOG;af6 tf] lsPsf] ;dofjlw ;d]t d;Fu lyPg . hxfh p8\g] a]n f;Dd ofq' gcfPkl5 Po/ kf] 6a{ f6 a'Wb Po/ sf sd{rf/ Lx¿n] dnfO{ kmf]g u/ ] . To; lbg d] /f ] l;6 vfnL g} / fv] / hxfh p8\ of] . ptf hxfhdf l;6 vfnL otf d/ f ] k} ;f TolQs} v] / uPsf] df r'sr'sfO/ x s ] f] lyPF . ef] lnkN6 a'Wb Po/ af6 km] l/ kmf] g cfof] – l;6 vfnL 5, cfh sf7df8f} Fhfg'xG' 5 eg] hfg'; \ . To;kl5 d cl3Nnf] lbgsf] l6s6df ef] lnkN6 p8] F . o;/ L d] / f ] v] / uPsf] k} ;f klg a'Wb Po/ n ] hf] ufOlbP/ ofq' ;] jfk|lt lhDd] jf/ aGof] . Pp6f km\nfO6 5'6b\ f jf SofG;]n x'bF f l;6 eP;Dd csf] {km\nfO6df p8fOlbPsf] pbfx/ 0f t w] / } 5g\ . kl5Nnf] k6s h'nfO{ !, @)!* df klg df} ;dsf] sf/ 0f kf] v/ fb] lv sf7df8f}; F Ddsf] cl3Nnf] km\nfO6 SofG;] n x'bF f kl5Nnf] km\nfO6df p8]s f] lyPF . o: tf ;] jfd'vL Joj;flos sfo{n ] klg a'Wb Po/ ;uF sf] ;DaGw k|uf9 5 . a'Wb Po/ n ] kl5Nnf] ;do 8f] d l] : 6saf6 cGt/ fli6«o p8fgtkm{ klg ;]j f lj: tf/ u/ s ] f] 5 . a'Wb Po/ sf] hxfhdf cGt/ fli6«o p8fg ug]{ OR5f s'g } lbg cjZo k'/ f xf]n f . a'Wb Po/ sf] @) jif] {ofqfdf ljleGg ;dodf ofqf ubf{ p8fg tflnsf adf] lhd ;dodf gePsf] eGg] u'gf;f ;'Ggdf cfpg] u/ s ] f] 5 . To: tf] l8n] p8fgdf d klg k/ s ] f] 5' . l8n] x'gd' f sf8df8f} F Po/ kf] 6s { f] Po/ 6«flkms hfd, df} ;dsf] v/ faLb] lv lnP/ sDkgLsf] cfGtl/ s sf/ 0f klg x'g ;Snfg\ . kl5Nnf] ;do hxfh yk u/ /] eP klg p8fg l8n] x'g ] s'/ fnfO{ Go"g ug] {egL Joj: yfkgn] k|lta4tf hgfPsf] klg k9\g kfPF . kl5Nnf s] xL dlxgfdf l8n] p8fg sd ePsf] cg'el" t ug{ yfn] sf] 5' . cfufdL lbgdf l8n] p8fgnfO{ k"0f{tM cGTo u/ L tflnsf adf] lhd ;dod} p8fg xf] pmg\ . ;fy} , b'ud{ / kxf8L lhNnfdf a'Wb Po/ sf p8fgx¿ sd b] lvG5g\, eljiodf To;tkm{ klg p8fg yk ul/pg\ . cGTodf, lhGbuLsf ofqfx¿nfO{ clj: d/ 0fLo agfpg ofqfsf ;fwgx¿sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'G5 . cf/ fdbfoL ofqfsf ;fwgn] dfq ofqf cfgGbbfoL aG5 . To: tf] ofqf xfd|f ] rfxgf / a'Wb Po/ sf] ;fyn] ;+ej 5 . cf/ fdbfoL ofqfsf] nflu eljiodf klg a'Wb Po/ sf] ofq'nfO{ / ofq'sf] a'Wb Po/ nfO{ ;fy / xg] 5 eGg] d] / f ] k"0f{ ljZjf; 5 .

57

xl/of]kl/of]

: jflbnf] df} ;dL t/ sf/ L

;'vt {] e|d0fdf cUof{lgs t/ sf/ Lx¿sf] : jfb lng gla{;d\ l

lul/w/ cdfTo

s[lif jg lj1, Pr=le=P=lk, ;'vt{]

df}

n§] ;fuM

3/ af/ Llt/ af6 ;+sng ul/ NofOg] k|lt d'7f !) ?k} ofF k5{ . o;df cfO/ g kof{Kt x'G5 . of] t/ sf/ L w] / } vfg' / fd|f] dflgFb} g .

;dsf kfOnfx¿n] kl/ jt{g cFufNg vf] Hb5 eg] jiff{ Ct'sf] cfudg;Fu } jg: ktL hutdf klg pGdfbk"0f{ pNnf; b] vf kb{5 . cfkm\gf] hGd l;4fGtsf ljleGg r/ 0fx¿ kf/ ub{ } dfgjx¿sf] ef] s d] 6fpg jiff{ Ct'df dfq kfOg] ljz] if k|sf/ sf h+unL t/ sf/ L afnLx¿n] ;'vt {] sf] : yflgo ahf/ df / f g} s ylklbg] u/ s ] f] 5 . o: tf t/ sf/ L : jflbnf] / cUof{lgs klg x'G5 . jf: tjdf a] df} ;dLeGbf df} ;dL t/ sf/ L : jflbnf] x'G5 . : yflgo ahf/ df s]x L lbg cjnf] sg ubf{ b] lvPsf h+unL t/ sf/ L afnLx¿sf] oxf“ ;+lIfKt hfgsf/ L k|: tt' ul/ Psf] 5 .

afFsf] M kxf8L

e] uaf6 ;+sng ul/ NofOg] afFsf] k|lt d'7f @) ?k} ofF k5{ . ksfFpbf cldnf] clnslt rflxG5 .

58

Rofp M ;fn ?vx¿sf] h+unaf6 ;+sng ul/ g] , df6f] d'lg pld|g] k§] Rofp, k|lt

lsnf] $ ;o ?k} ofF k5{ . clnslt l6Dd'/ / fv] / ksfpFbf Hofb} : jflbnf] x'G5 . o;sf cltl/ Qm ;Nn] 6L, cfGb|] jf wld/ ] Rofp klg lgs} dx+uf] df laqmL x'G5 . ahf/ df b] vf k/ ] b] lv g} o;sf] d'No k|lt lsnf] Ps xhf/ ?kofF l: y/ g} x'g] u/ ] sf] 5 . o;af6 ls;fgn] / fd|f] cfDbfgL u5{g\ . ;fy} lgs} : jflbnf] klg x'G5 .

tfdfM afF;sf] 6';fnfO{ sf6L tof/ ul/ NofOg] tfdf k|lt lsnf] !@) ?k} ofF k5{ . tfdfsf] crf/ jf tl/ sf/ L agfpg ;lsG5 .

ufefM kxf8L e] uaf6 ;+sng ul/ NofOg] s/ snf] sf] ufef k|lt d'7f !) ?k} ofFdf ljlqm x'G5 . o;nfO{

ksfpFbf cldnf] ld;fpg' k5{ . k|;] / s's/ df clnslt u] 8fu'8L ;lxt ksfpFbf uHha : jflbnf] x'G5 . o;df k|z: t le6fldg kfOG5 .

;lDwgL ;fuM

3/ af/ Laf6 NofOg] ;lDwgL ;fusf] k|lt d'7f !% ?k} ofF k5{ .

8f} 8] M lgp/ f] hfltsf] Ps

ljz] if k|hflt, kxf8L e] usf] vf] N;f vf] lN;af6 ;+sng ul/ G5, k|lt lsnf] %) ?k} ofFb] lv *) ?k} ofF;Dd k5{ .

59

;+: s[lt

of]

d/ L Ps k|sf/ sf] ld7fO{ . d'l5Psf] rfdnsf] lk7f] leq rfs' jf v'jf / fv] / akmfPkl5 of] d/ L tof/ x'G5 . ljz] iftM hf8f] dlxgfdf of] d/ L vfFbf Hofg tfT5 . To;}n

] t d+l;/ ] k"l0f{dfsf lbg g]jf/L 3/ x?df of] d/ L kfS5 . cr] n of] d/ L vfg d+l;/ ] k"l0f{df g} s'g{' kb}g { , sf7df8f}s + f / i] 6'/F fdf jif}e { l/ kfOG5 . / i] 6'/ G] 6sf] d] gd' f of] d/ Ln] 7fpF kfPsf] 5 . of] d/ L g] kfnsf] df} lns kl/ sf/ xf] . o;sf] ;'?jft kgf} tLaf6 ePsf] wfld{s syf 5 . kgf} tL ko{6g ljsf; s] Gb|n ] kgf} tLnfO{ of] d/ L zx/ sf ?kdf a|fl08ª ul/ / x s ] f] 5 . p;n] kgf} tL a;kfs{ glhs} of] d/ L : tDe agfPsf] 5 . : tDe ePsf] ejgnfO{ ;"rgf s] Gb|sf ?kdf ?kfGt/ 0f ul/ bF 5 } . kgf} tL ko{6sLo zx/ xf] , ToxfF : jb] zL tyf ljb] zL 8'ln/ xG5g\ . / ft} a: g u] / L eg] sd} ko{6s kgf} tL k'U5g\ . s] Gb|sf cWoIf ho/ fd dfgGw/ sf cg';f/ clwsf+; ljb] zL lbpF;f] 3'd /] af; a: g w'lnv] n hfG5g\ . To;} n ] ko{6gaf6 kgf} tLn] vf;} nfe lng ;s] sf] 5} g . kgf} tL If] qdf / fd|f xf] 6n tyf l/ ;f] 6{ v'Ng' k5{ . vf;df sfe| ] lhNnfsf] kgf} tL zx/

60

of] d/ L zx/

of] d/ L ld7fO{ kgf} tLaf6 ;'? ePsf] xf] . ljz] ift M hf8f] ofddf of] d/ L vfFbf z/ L/ Gofgf] aG5 .

nfos" If] q, pGdQ e} / j, ;+ux| fnonufot cg] sf} + ;Dkbf 5g\ .

OGb| Z] j/ 5] j s } f] lqj] 0fL3f6 / f z ] L, k'0odftf / ?b|fjtL gbLsf] ;+ud xf] . ?b|fjtL b] lvFb g} , uf] Ko aUg] ?b|fjtL wdf{Tdfn] dfq} b] Vg] hgljZjf; 5 . df5f cfsf/ sf] 5 . of] Pp6} 9'uF fdf cl8Psf] 5 . x/ s ] !@ jif{df lqj] 0fL3f6df ds/ d] nf nfU5 . ljZj;Dkbf ;"rLdf k|: tfljt kgf} tLdf OGb| Z] j/ , d] nf nfvf}n + ] e5{g \ . ?b|fo0fL dlGb/ , a'4 laxf/ , lqj] 0fL3f6 kljq dflgG5 . syf cg';f/ : ju{sf / fhf OGb|n ] uf} td ClifsL kTgL clxNof;Fu cg} lts ;DaGw / fv] . kl5 pgn] oxLFsf] lqj] 0fL3f6df g'xfpFbf kfk df] rg eof] . kgf} tLnfO{ s] Gb| dfg] / ;] / f k] m] / f s ] f nfdf8f] n, b] jL: yfg, km6\s Z] j/ L, skfnsf] 6, uf] / vgfy, gflu8fF8f, w'lnv] n, HofnflrtL, gdf] Ma'4, a] yfgrf]s nufot 7fpF 3'dlkm/ ug{ ;lsG5 . ahf/ df ko{6sLo ;'ljwfsf s] xL xf] 6n 5g\ . ;fd'bflos xf] d: 6 ] klg 5 . g]jf/L kl/ sf/ kfOg] vfhf 3/ klg 5g\ . kgf}t Laf6 l;hg cg';f/ ;'Gtnf, cfn' / t/ sf/ L sf] ; n ] L Nofpg ;lsG5 . s;/ L k'Ug] M sf7df8f}– + ag] kf–kgf} tL #@ lsld . sf7df8f}s + f] k'/ fgf] a;kfs{af6 5'6g\ ] a;n] 8] 9 3G6fdf kgf} tL ahf/ k'of{p5 F g\ .

;+ux| fno

Sxf] Oaf] u

08s k|b z ] td' -u'?ª_ ;d'bfosf] cflbd e"dL xf] . kf] v/ f pkTosf dfl: t/ sf] Sxf] nf;f]y + / af6 pgLx¿ rf/ l} t/ a;fOF ;/ s ] f] Oltxf; 5 . td'x¿ k|sl[ t k"hs x'g \ . pgLx¿sf] cfkm\g } l/ ltlylt / hLjgz} nL 5 . td' ;+: sl[ t cWoog ug{ kf] v/ fsf] zlQm3f6df Sxf] Oaf] agfOPsf] 5 . Tof] ejgsf] aflx/ L : j?kn] g} ;a} sf] Wofg lvR5 . ;] tL gbL lsgf/ df agfOPsf] ejgdf td' ;d'bfosf] hGdb] lv d[To";Ddsf] ;+: sf/ emNsfpg] ;fdfg, lrq, 8dL / efF8fjt{g ;hfOPsf] 5 . pgLx¿sf] hghLjg, s[lif, ;} lgs ;] jf, Jofkf/ , / f ]huf/ L / kz'kfng emNsfOPsf] 5 ToxfF . / S;L kf/ ]sf] , rvf{af6 wfuf] sft] sf] , gfrufg / o1fbL u/ s ] f ;a} ToxfF cjnf] sg ug{ ;lsG5 . ;fydf afhfufhf / uxgf klg ;hfOPsf] 5 .

Sxf]O af] td' Ko] Nx' ;+3n] agfPsf] xf] . kf] v/ f ofqfdf 3'Dg 5'6fpg} gx'g ] Pp6f ko{6sLo ;Dkbf xf] –Sxf]O af] .

61

k': ts

k|tLs k|wfgsf

lk|o % k': ts k|

hftGqjfbL ljrf/ wf/ fsf k|tLs k|wfg lg8/ kqsf/ dflgG5g\ . pgL cfkm\gf] a|Dxn] b] v s ] f s'/ f tfls{s / ljZn] if0ffTds 9+un] kl: sg l;kfn' 5g\ . c9fO{ bzs eGbf nfdf] ;dob]l v kqsfl/ tfdf xf] ldPsf k|wfg xfn !@ v/ L 86sdsf k|wfg ;Dkfbs x'g \ . pgL cfVofg / u} / cfVofg b'a } vfn] k': ts k9\5g\ . t/ , pgsf] ?rL u} /c fVofgdf 5 . To;df klg / fhgLlt, ljsf;, cy{zf: q / Joj: yfkgsf laifodf . kqsfl/ tf hLjg ;w} +Jo: t x'G5 . slta] nf k': ts k9\5g\ t pgL < eG5g\–k':t s k9\g d] / f nflu s'g } ljz] if ;do 5} g . s'g } klg ;do k9\5 ' . lbpF;f] clkm;df k'm;{b ePsf a] nf klg k9\5' eg] / ftL ;'Tg' cl3 klg . cGo sltko sfd / ;fdflhs sfo{qmdsf sf/ 0f lglZrt ;do agfpg ;s]s f] 5}g . zlgAff/ rflxF 3/ df s] xL 306f k': tsdf / dfpg dg k/ fpF5 ' .

3'dlkm/ df lg: sbF f pgnfO{ k9\g dg nfU5 . ;fyLx¿;Fusf] ofqfdf eg] k':t sdf w] / } ;do vlr{b+ g } g\ . PSn} ofqf ubf{ lstfa k9] / } ;do ljtfpF5g\ . pgL Po/ kf] 6,{ Kn]g / xf] 6ndf / ftL k9\5g\ . ofqfdf s: tf k': ts k9\5g\ t <

62

d Pp6f k] ;fdf lgi7fk"js { lg/ Gt/ nfu] sf] sf/ 0f oxfF;Dd k'u s ] f] ;fwf/ 0f JolQm x' F . d;Fu ;xsfo{ ug] { / d] / f ljrf/ ;uF ;xdlt / fVg] n ] d]/ f d"No, dfGotf / Joj;flostfnfO{ OHht lbP k'U5 . d cfkm} n ] cfkm\gf] ljifodf lstfa zfob slxNo} n] lVbg . clxn] %) jif{sf] pd] / df 5', s] xL jif{df ljrf/ km] l/ of] eg] eGg ;lSbg . d To: tf] sfd u/ f +} h;n] d] / f ] ljifodf c?nfO{ n] Vg k| /] 0ff ldnf] ;\ eGg] Pp6f cJoQm rfx eg] dgdf st} 5 . pgnfO{ cfVofg k9\g ;xh nfU5 . To;}n ] cfkm"n ] k9\g gEofPsf] / k9\g } kg] { cfVofg k': tsnfO{ df] afOndf / fv] / k9\5g\ . xf] 6ndf PSn} a;] sf a]n frflxF cln ulDe/ / ;f] rk"0f{ lstfa k9\5g\ . ;/ n / snfTds efiff z} nL ePsf k|wfgnfO{ k': ts n] Vg] / x/ 5 . t/ , u} / cfVofgdf a9L ;do nfUg] / cfVofgdf snd lgs} : t/ Lo x'gk' g] { sf/ 0fn] k': ts n] Vg cfF6 h'6fO{ ;s] sf 5} gg\ . s'g } lbg pgsf] / x/ k'/ f x'g ] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 . cfkm\gf] hLjgsyf n] Vg] of] hgf 5 ls < eg] / ;f] lwPsf] k|Zgdf k|wfgsf] hjfkm –dnfO{ d]/ f ] lhGbuLsf] ljifodf k': ts n] Vg' k5{ jf n] lvg' k5{ eGg] nfu] sf] 5} g . d s'g } To: tf] ljnIf0f k|ltef ePsf] jf cToGt} ;kmn JolQm xf] Og . Pp6f k] ;fdf lgi7fk"js { lg/ Gt/ nfu] sf] sf/ 0f oxfF;Dd k'u s ] f] ;fwf/ 0f JolQm x' F . d;Fu ;xsfo{ ug] { / d] / f ljrf/ ;uF ;xdlt / fVg] n ] d] / f d"No, dfGotf / Joj;foLstfnfO{ OHht lbP k'U5 . d cfkm}n ] cfkm\gf] ljifodf lstfa zfob slxNo} n] lVbg . clxn] %) jif{sf] pd]/ df 5', s] xL jif{df ljrf/ km] l/ of] eg] eGg ;lSbg . d To: tf] sfd u/ f +} h;n] d] / f ] ljifodf c?nfO{ n] Vg k| /] 0ff ldnf] ;\ eGg] Pp6f cJoQm rfx eg] dgdf st} 5 . pgL cFu h ]| L / g] kfnL efiffdf n] lvPsf k': ts a/ fa/ } k9\5g\ . k'/ fgf k': tfsf n] vsx¿ jLkL sf] O/ fnf, nIdLk|;fb b] jsf] 6f, e} / j cof{n cflbsf k': tsaf6 pgL w]/ } k|efljt 5g\ . dxfef/ t tyf / fdfo0faf6 klg plQs} k|efljt 5g\ . To: t } gf/ fo0f 9sfn, gf/ fo0f jfUn] , gog/ fh kf08] , s'df/ gu/ sf] 6Lb] lv ;'ljg e§/ fO{;Ddsf k': tsaf6 k|efljt ePsf] ;'gfpF5g\ pgL . c+u h ]| L cfVofgdf l;8\gL ;] N8g, HofsL sf] lnG;, r] tg eut, vflnb xf]; LgL cflbsf k': ts k9] pgn] . pgnfO{ dg kg]d{ f cg]:{ 6 x] ld+Uj], leP; gfo\kpn, c?GwtL / f o] , kfpnf] sf] xn ] f] , u] lj|on ufl;{of dfv]h { cflb k5{g \ . u} / cfVofgdf 8]l gon olu{gsf] b k|fOh, 8\of/ g Pl;dUn' tyf h]D ; P= / f l] aG;gsf] XjfO{ g] ;G; km] n, xf8{j8{ ljZj ljBfnosf k|f k] m] ;/ / f g] N8 xfOkm] 6h \ sf] g] tT[ j ;DalGw k': ts, / f a] 6{ P= 8\Xofnsf] cg 8] df] qm] ;L cflb pgsf lk|o k': ts x'g \ . k|wfgn] hLjgdf w] / } lsl;dsf k': ts k9] . tL dWo] pgnfO{ Psbd} k|efljt u/ s ] f % k': tssf] rrf{ pgs} zAbdf ul/ Psf] 5 .

;'lDgdf ljZj] Zj/ k|;fb sf] O/ fnfsf] ;'lDgdf pkGof; d} n ] sl/ a b'O{ bzs cl3 sn] h ;dod} k9] sf] lyPF . jLkLsf] n] vgsf] ulx/ fO{ a'em\g km] / L klg d} n ] of] k': ts k9] +. cem} klg a] nfa] nfdf o;sf] ;+emgf cfpF5 . k': tsdf tTsflng ;dfhsf dfGotf, hflto leGgtf, k| d] , of} g, : jR5Gbtf cflbsf ljifodf n] vsn] h'g ;xhtfsf;fy ulx/ f ] a'emfO;lxt j0f{g u/ s ] f 5g\, Tof] cfkm}d +f ;zQm 5 . ;'lDgdfn] g] kfnsf] hflto ;DaGw / To;df / x s ] f] åGå cflbsf] ljifodf k|sfz kf/ s ] f] 5 . jLkLsf] efiffdf ks8, z} nLsf] ljz] iftf / ljifosf] 1fgn] of] k': ts cd/ ag] sf] 5 . ;'lDgdfsf] efiff pRr: t/ Lo / uxg 5 . ;fy} o;n] pkGof; syg z} nLsf] Ps dfgs v8f u/ s ] f] 5 .

lbg;Dd s'g } df5f dfg{ g;s] sf] emf]s + df ;d'bd| f PSn} hfG5 / p;sf] aN5Ldf k/ s ] f] Psbd} 7"nf] df5fnfO{ ;dft] / lsgf/ f;Dd Nofpg p;nfO{ slt d] xgt ug'k{ 5{ eGg] syfnfO{ x] ldUj]n ] ;zQm 9+un] k: s s ] f 5g\ . oL syfdf 8'a k] l5 kf7s PsfPs cfkm} +Tof] dfemL aGg k'U5g\ / df5fn] tfg] sf] , 3'dfPsf] , em08} 8'afPsf] dxz'; u5{g \ .

Pp6f df5fnfO{ ;dft] / lsgf/ f;Dd Nofpg' / lsgf/ fdf NofOk'¥ofpFbf ;fs{n ] Tof] df5f vfP/ cl: yk~h/ dfq afFsL / xbF f klg ;flo6ofuf] sf] OHht ;dfhdf a9\5 . of] d] xgt, h'emf?kg, si6 / ;+3if{sf] ;zQm syf xf] .

x\jfO{ g] zG; km] n 8\of/ g P;LdUn' tyf h] D; P / f l] aG;gn] n] v s ] f] of] k': ts t'ngfTds ?kdf gofF k': ts

xf] . ;g\ @)!@ df df;fr';6 ] ; \ OlG: 6Ro'6 ckm 6] Sgf] nf] hL -PdcfO6L_ sf cy{zf: qL P;LdUn' tyf l;sfuf] ljZjljBfnosf a] nfotL / fhgLltzf: qL / f l] aG;g\n ] cg';GwfgfTds ?kdf tof/ kf/ s ] f] k': ts of] bzss} ;a} eGbf rlr{t u}/ cfVofg xf] . ljsf; / fhgLltdf rfv / fVg] n ] lsg s'g } b] z ljsl;t / lsg s'g } b] z cljsl;t eP eGg] ljifodf ;w}+ ax; u5{g . of] k': ts ToxL ax;;Fu ;DalGwt 5 . k':' tssf] vf] hn] eG5– e'uf] n, jftfj/ 0f, ;+: sl[ t, wd{ cflbsf sf/ 0f ljsf; x'g' jf gx'g' cf+lzs sf/ 0f dfq x'g,\ d"n sf/ 0f xf]O gg\ . Ol: 6Ro';g\ ljsf; ug{ ;Sg', hgtfk|lt pQ/ bfoL x'g' / sfg'gsf] zf;g x'g' ljsf;sf nflu ckl/ xfo{ tTj ePsf] df hf] 8 lb+b } ljsf;sf qmddf lqmol6e l8: 6S« ;g -l;h{gfTds Wj+;_ ug{ ;Sg'kg]d{ f klg dxTj lbPsf 5g\ . g] kfnsf] ljsf; lsg ePg eg] / 5nkmn / ax; ug]s { f nflu of] k': ts cToGt pkof] uL 5 .

cfp6nfo;{ Pg Pl/ of ckm 8fs{g ; ] ef/ tLo d"nsf l6«gL8f8df hlGdPsf a] nfotL n] vs eLP; gfokfnsf] Pg Pl/ of ckm 8fs{g ; ] k': ts ofqf j[tfGt xf] . kqsfl/ tf ;'? ubf{ @& jif{ cl3 of] k': ts k9] sf] lyPF . cfkm\gf] d"nsf] b] z ef/ t 3'Dg cfpFbf n] vsn] s] s: tf] jftfj/ 0f, rfn rng / ;+: sl[ t b] v ,] s] s: tf] b'Mv kfP, To;sf] pgn] / fd|f] lrq0f u/ s ] f 5g\ . cfkm"n ] b] v s ] f] ;TonfO{ lgd{d tl/ sfn] phuf/ ug] { pgsf] z} nLn] dnfO{ To;a]n f lgs} cfZro{ rlst agfof] . jf: tjdf b] v s ] f] , ef] u s ] f] / cfkm"nfO{ nfu] sf] s'/ fnfO{ lagf tf] 8df] 8 ;zQm efiffdf JoQm ug] {z} nLnfO{ d} n] klg s] xL dfqfdf cg'z/ 0f u/ ] h: tf] nfU5 . of] lstfa ;g\ ^) sf] bzsdf n] lvPsf] xf] .

b cf] N8 Dofg P08 b ;L cg]: { 6 x] ld+Uj] sf] sfnhoL cfVofg xf] b cf] N8 Dofg P08 b ;L . cd] l/ sfdf hGd] sf x] ld+Uj] kqsf/ lyP . t/ pgn] bf] ;f| ] ljZj o'4df ;] gfdf klg sfd u/ ] / 3fOt] eP/ kmls{P . pgL So'afdf a;] sf] ;dodf n] lvPsf] of] pkGof;df ;flG6ofuf] gfds Ps dfemL jf d5'jf/ fsf] syf 5 .

Pshgf cwj}; + ] JolQm s;/ L *$

ljZj ahf/ df g] kfnL k': tssf] pkl:ylt pNn] Vo 5} g . xfd|f k': tsnfO{ cGt/ fl{ i6«o ahf/ df k'¥ofpg s] ug'{ knf{ < ljZj ahf/ df g] kfnL efiffsf k': ts k9\g ] kf7s w] / } 5} gg\ . g] kfndf c+u h ]| L efiffdf n] v /] ljZj kf7s;Dd k'Ug;Sg] n] vs w] / } b] lvPsf 5} gg\ . g] kfnL–ef/ tLo n] vs k|Hjn k/ fh'nLsf] … b u'vf{h 86/ Ú ljZj ahf/ df lgs} ;kmn g] kfnL k[i7e"lddf n] lvPsf] k': ts xf] . To: t } ;d|f6 pkfWofo / d~h'>L yfkf ljZj ahf/ df k'Ug;Sg] g] kfnL n] vssf ?kdf b] lvPsf 5g\ . oL b'O{ n] vssf lstfa ljZj ahf/ df s] xL k|efj kfg{ ;kmn klg 5g\ . g] kfnLdf n] lvPsf] k': ts cg'jfbn] ljZj ahf/ df : yfg kfpg d'lZsn b] lvPsf] 5 . w] / } / fd|f g] kfnL k': ts cg'jfb eP klg 7"nf] rrf{ kfpgaf6 j+lrt b] lvG5g\ . g] kfndf a;] / , g] kfnL df6f] sf] ;'jf; a'em] / c+u h ]| Ldf klg g] l6e -cflbjf;L_ h: t } efiff n] Vg;Sg] n] vs x'gk' 5{ . ef/ tdf o: tf n] vs b] lvPsf 5g\, t/ xfd|faLraf6 o: tf n] vs cem} ;zQm 9+un] cl3 a9] sf] b] lvPsf] 5} g . xfdLn] n] vgnfO{ dxTj lbP/ Ps n] vs x'bF f ;fdflhs b[li6n] klg 7"nf] x}l ;ot x'g ] / cfly{s ?kdf klg dgUo sdfpg] agfpg g;ls To;} b'O{ rf/ j6f ;fwf/ 0f sfd u/ /] cGt/ fl{ i6«o ahf/ df hf] 8bf/ pkl: ytL hgfpg ;lsFb g} .

DofNsd Unf8j] nsf] of] k': ts Joj: yfkg tyf ljsf;sf ljBfyL{sf nflu cToGt nfebfoL u} / cfVofg xf] . ;g\ @))* df k|sflzt of] lstfa Go' of] s{ 6fOD;sf] a] : 6 ;] n/ sf ?kdf w] / } xKtf / xo\ f] . of] lstfasf] r'/ f ] s'/ f ] s'g } klg ljifodf olb s;} n ] rfv lnof] / ;f] xL ljifodf bz xhf/ 306f latfof] eg] p To; If] qdf ;kmntd JolQm aG5 eGg] xf] . t/ !) xhf/ 306f dfqdf eg] pgsf] of] k': ts l;ldt 5} g . dfG5] hGd] sf] dlxgf / p hGd] sf] jif{n ] klg p;sf] ;kmntfdf lgs} c;/ k5{ eGg] ljifo a'emfpg pgn] Sofg8fsf] cfO; xls l6d 5gf} 6 s;/ L ul/ G5 eGg] ljifodf / fd|f ] cWoog u/ s ] f 5g\ . o: tf] l6ddf ln+bf Ps Aofrdf Ps jif{el/ hlGdPsf afns ;d] l6g] / x 5 ] g\ . To;f] ubf{ clwsf+z hgj/ L b] lv dfr{ jf clk|n;Dd hGd] sfn] To;kl5 hGd] sfnfO{ ;xh} k/ flht ug] { b] lvof] . clg ltg} JolQmn] w] / } tflnd kfpg] / pgLx¿g} cl3 a9\g ] klg b] lvof] . To: t } s'g } ljz] if vf] hsf] ;do ldnfP/ hGd] sf] cj: yfdf klg JolQm lgs} ;kmn x'g;S5 eGg] pbfx/ 0f lan u] 6; \ , l: 6e hA; cflbsf pbfx/ 0f 5g\ . ;fy} o;df c;/ kfg] {ljleGg c? sf/ 0f klg pgn] k':t sdf ;zQm 9+un] 5nkmn u/ s ] f 5g\ .

63

lkkmf jN8{sk

k|mfG;sf] RoflDkog z}nL lb

?;df dxfs'De ;'? x'gc ' l3 g} k|mfG; / a|flhnnfO{ k|dv ' bfa]bf/ dflgPsf] lyof] . sfuhL ¿kdf b'j} 6f] nLdf Ps;] Ps v]nf8L lyP . b'j} cf–cfkm\gf] ;d"xsf] ljh]tf ePdf ;]ldkmfOgnd} le8\y,] cGoyf kmfOgndf e]6 x'g;SYof] . ;d"x ljh]tf eP/ cufl8 a9]sf] k|mfG;n] cfkm\gf] ofqf lg/Gt/ /fVof] . a|flhnsf] ult Sjf6{/kmfOgneGbf dfly p7\g ;s]g .

ld6«L kfo] 6 / n/ G] 6 sf] l;OGnLnfO{ rf] 6sf sf/ 0f u'dfPsf] k|mfG;sf k|lzIfs l8l8o/ 8] ;RofDkn] PGyf] gL dfl;{Pn / Pl8«og / flacf] 6nfO{ l6dd} / fv] gg\ . of] ;“u } pgn] / 0fgLltdf cfnf] rgf klg v] Kb} cfPsf lyP . ljZjsk 5gf] 6df nSh] Dau{ h: tf] sdhf] / dflgPsf] l6d;“u k|mfG;sf] k/fhokl5 8] ;RofDksf] v'aLdfly cf}n + f 7l8Psf] lyof] . ljZjskdf k|mfG;sf] ;'?jft ;f] r c ] g'?k x'g ;s] sf] lyPg . k|mfG;nfO{ ;d"x r/ 0fd} cK7\of/ f ] k/ s ] f] lyof] . gscfp6 r/ 0f k'u k] l5 v'n /] v] Ng nfu] sf] k|mfG;n] cfkm\gf] k|lti7fcg'?k v] n s ] f] lyof] . clGtd !^ df ch]l { G6gfnfO{ $–# n] k/ flht u/ s ] f] k|mfG;n] Sjf6/ kmfOgndf

64

p?Uj] nfO{ @–) n] / ;] ldkmfOgndf a] lNhodnfO{ !–) n] k/ flht u/ s ] f] lyof] . PG6f] Og lu|hdfg, lslnog PdafKk] , x\ou' f] nf] l/ ;, / fkm] n ef/ fg, kfpn kf] Uaf, Pguf] nf] sfG6] h: tf v] nf8L / x s ] f] k|mfG; k|To] s v] n;“u} vfl/ Psf] lyof] . ;d"x r/ 0fdf pTs[i6 v] ns ] f] qmf] Pl;of kmfOgn k'Ubf ylst eO;s]s f] lyof] . qmf] Pl;ofn] gscfp6 r/ 0fsf tLg v] n g} cltl/ Qm ;do;Dd v] Ng'k/ s ] f] lyof] . clGtd !^ / Sjf6/ kmfOgndf qmdzM 8] gdfs{ / ?;nfO{ k] gfN6L ;'6cfp6df kG5fPsf] qmf] Pl;ofn] ;] ldkmfOgndf klg cltl/ Qm ;dod} O+UNofG8nfO{ k/ flht u/ s ] f] lyof] . n'sf df] l8«r, Oefg / flsl6r, 8flgon ;'afl;r, 8] hfg nf] e/ g] , df;]n { f] a|f h ] f] ler, dfl/ of dfGh'lsrn] qmf] Pl;ofnfO{ lgs} alnof] 6f] nLsf] ¿kdf ?;df ptfb} { kmfOgn;Dd 8f] ¥ofP . kmfOgndf qmf] Pl;ofsf] s] xL rn] g . s]x L xb;Dd k|mfG;nfO{ efUon] ;fy lbof] . k|mfG; To;} alnof] klg lyof] , glthf $–@ n] 6f] nLsf] kIfdf /Xof] ] . dfGh'lsrsf] cfTd3ftL uf] naf6 cu|tf lnPsf] k|mfG;n] lu|hdfgsf] k] gfN6Ldf bf] ;f| ] uf] n uof] { . To;df kf] Uaf / PdafKk] n ] c? uf] n yk] . lu|hdfgsf] k] gfN6L lel8of] cl;: 6 G] 6 / k] m| L -ef/ _ sf] ;xof] udf cfPsf] lyof] . cyf{t / k] m| Ln] cfjZos k/ s ] f] v08df ef/ sf] ;xof] u lnGy] . k|mfG;nfO{ ;d"x r/ 0fdf klg ef/ sf] ;xof] u ldn] sf] lyof] . ef/ n ] v] nsf] ultnfO{ s] xL / f s ] ] klg o;n] b'j } 6f] nLnfO{ Gofo lbPsf] lyof] / ljjfb sd u/ s ] f] 5 . k|mfG; bf] ;f| ] k6s ljh] tf aGof] . 8] ;RofDkn] v] nf8L / k|lzIfs eP/ ljZjsk lhTg] s] jn t]; f| ] JolQm aGb} cfnf] rsnfO{ r'k nufP . k|mfG;n] !((* df klxnf] k6s ljZjsk lhTbf 8] ;RofDk sKtfg lyP . o;cl3 a|flhnsf dfl/ of] hfufnf] / hd{gLsf k|m G] h a] sgafp/ n] klg v] nf8L / k|lzIfssf] ?kdf ljZjsk lht] sf lyP . a|flhnsf hfufnf] n ] !(&) df v] nf8L / !(($ df k|lzIfs tyf a] sgafp/ n ] sKtfgsf ¿kdf !(&$ df klZrd hd{gLnfO{ !(&$ df ljh] tf agfP eg] !(() df k|lzIfssf] e"ldsfdf hd{gLnfO{ RoflDkog agfPsf lyP . ;] ldkmfOgndf k/ flht x'g ] b'O{ 6f] nL a] lNhod /

O+UNofG8df vf;} leGgtf / x g] . a]l Nhod !(*^ / O+UNofG8 !(() kl5 klxnf] k|mfG;n] ;] ldkmfOgndf kl/ kSj v] n v] n k] l5 a] lNhodsf] s] xL nfu] g . k6s ;] ldkmfOgn k'us ] f lyP / pgLx¿sf] ofqf Tof] eGbf dfly p7\g ;s] g .

O+UNofG8sf] o'jf 6f] nLn] s] xL xb;Dd ;f] r e] Gbf / fd|f ] k|bz{g u/ ] . csf] { O+UNofG8nfO{ Kn]c kmdf k/ flht ub} { t] ;f| ] x'g' a] lNhodsf] xsdf ljZjskdf O+UNofG8nfO{ ;d"x klg ;lhnf] k/ s

] f] lyof] . 6\ol' gl;of / kfgfdf;lDdlnt clxn] ;Dds} pTs[i6 k|bz{g lyof] . ;g\ !(*^ df o;cl3 Psk6s dfq ;d"xaf6 ;lhn} lgl: sPsf] O+UNofG8n] clGtd !^ df cfP/ k] gfN6L lhª\S;nfO{ ljZjskdf ;] ldkmfOgn k'Ubf a]l Nhod rf} yf] ePsf] lyof] . tf] 8 s ] f] lyof] . sf] nlDaof;“u Tof] ljhon] O+UNofG8nfO{ 7"nf] an k|bfg u/ s ] f] a]l Nhodsf] b'ef{Uo ^ v] ndf ljho xft kf/ /] klg ljZjsksf] pkflw lyof] . O+UNofG8n] : jL8] gnfO{ Sjf6{/kmfOgndf x/ fpg vf;} d] xgt ug'k{ / g] .

prfNg g;Sg] 6f]n Ldf cfkm"nfO{ pEofof] . ^ v] ndf lht xft kf/ /] klg qmf]

Pl;of;“u cltl/ Qm ;dodf k/ fhokl5 O+UNofG8sf] ofqf ;] ldkmfOgdf ljZjsk pkflw prfNg g;Sg] a] lNhod s] jn rf} yf] 6f] nL aGof] . a]l Nhod 6'l+ uof] . s'n # v] ndfq lhTg ;s] sf] O+UNofG8n] # v] nd} k/ fho a] xf] ¥of] . ;] ldkmfOgndf k|mfG;;“u !–) n] k/ flht ePsf] lyof] . ToxL xf/ g} … : jl0f{d To;df b'O{ k/ fho a]l Nhod;“u g} lyof] . k': tfÚ dflgPsf] a]l Nhdsf] pkflw ofqfdf afws aGof] . !(&$ df kf] NofG8n] ;a} eGbf 7"nf] cfZro{ @)!$ sf] ljh] tf hd{gLsf] k|bz{gn] lbof] . hd{gL ljZjskdf ;aeGbf klxnf of] tYo 5f] Psf] lyof] . To;kl5 !(() df O6fnL cfkm\gf] klxnf] v] nd} d] lS;sf] ;u“ k/ flht eof] . bf] ;f| ] v] ndf d'l: snn] / @)!) df g] b/ NofG8\;n] klg ^ v] n lhTbf klg ljZjsksf] 6«kmL p7fpg : jL8] gnfO{ k/ flht u/ s ] f] hd{gLnfO{ clGtd v] ndf blIf0f sf] l/ ofn] @–) ;s]s f lyPgg\ . O6fnL !(() df ;] ldkmfOgndf ch]l {G6gf / n] dfy lbof] . hd{gL ;d"x r/ 0faf6} aflxl/ of] . @))@ sf] g] b/ NofG8\; @)!) df : k g] ;“u kmfOgndf dfq k/ flht ljh] tf a|flhnkl5 pkflw lht] sf /fi6«x¿ To;nuQ} sf ePsf lyP . ;+: s/ 0fdf bf] ;f| ] r/ 0f k'Ug ;s] sf 5} gg\ . @)!) a] lNhodsf !) km/ s v] nf8Ln] o; df O6fnL / @)!$ df : k g] klg ljZj ljh] tfsf] ljZjskdf uf] n ub}{ !(*@ df k|mfG; / ?kdf klxnf] r/ 0faf6} aflxl/ Psf lyP . @))^ df O6fnLsf !)–!) v] nf8Ln] gof“ / cg'ejL v] nf8Lsf] ;Gt'ng / x s ] f] ;jf{lws uf] n u/ s ] f] sLlt{dfg a/ fa/ L bfaL k|lzIfs hf] lrd nf] n ] u/ ] klg O+UNofG8sf x\of/L s]gn] uf]N8]g a'6sf] cjf8{ kfP . u/ ] . ;d"x r/ 0fdf O+UNofG8;lxt ;a} d} bfgdf Tof] gb] lv“bf hd{gLn] Oltxf;d} ;jf{ l ws uf] n ug] { v] n f8LnfO{ lbOg] of] cjf8{ d f s] g n] ^ uf]

n tLg v] n lht] sf] a] lNhodn] gscfp6 g;f] r s ] f] k/ fho ef] Ug'k¥of] . u/]sf lyP . To;df % uf]n kfgfdf / 6\ol' gl;of;“u u/] sf r/ 0fdf hfkfg;“u bf] ;f| ] xfkmdf ch]l { G6gf 5gf] 6 r/ 0fdf h: tf] lyP . qmf]Pl;ofsf sKtfg n'sf df]l8«rn] uf]N8]g an cjf8{ b'O{ uf]n n] k5fl8 k/

] klg pTs[i6 lyof] ?;df klg To: tf] g} /Xof] . kfP . k|ltof]lutfsf] pTs[i6 v]nf8LnfO{ of] cjf8{ lbOG5 . k'g/ fudg u/ s ] f] lyof] . csf] { v] ndf ljZjsk 5gf] 6

d}

ch] l {

G6gfnfO{ 7"nf] df]l8«r tLg v]ndf Dofg ckm b Dofrdf r'lgPsf lyP . k|mfG;sf lslnog PdafKk] pTs[i6 o'jf v]nf8Ldf r'lgP . … ol' ge;{n km] j/ 6] Ú a|flhnnfO{ @–! n] s;/ t ug{k' / s ] f] lyof] . OSj] 8/ ;u“ sf] pgL pd]/n] !( k'us ] f 5g\ . ;g\ !(%* otf k]nk] l5 k/ flht u/ k] l5 a] lNhodnfO{ ljZjsksf] v] ndf lnof] gn d] ;Ln] x\ofl6«s u/ k] l5 ljZjsksf Ps} v]ndf b'O{ uf]n ug]{ ;a}eGbf gof“ RoflDkogsf] ¿kdf x] l/ Psf] lyof] . t/ dfq ch]l { G6gfn] ljZjsksf] l6s6 sf6] sf]

pTs[i6dWo] pTs[i6

sd pd]/sf v]nf8L x'g\ . uf]N8]g Unf]E;sf] pkflw a]lNhodsf uf]n/Ifs lyafp6 sf]l6{o;n] kfP .

65

lkkmf jN8{sk

… d /] f ] ;dy{g qmf] Pl;ofnfO{ lyof] Ú a'l4;fu/ , n] vs ;j} eGbf ulDe/ ?kdf ljZjsk x]/ s ] f] oxLk6s xf], Pp6f v] n klg 5f] l8g .

Sna km'6an d x]l b{g . klxnf Sna km'6an gx] bf{ v] nf8Lsf] af/ d] f w] / } yfxf x'b G} Yof] . o;k6s ljZjsk b] lv Sna km'6an klg x]l / G5 sL h: tf] nfu]s f] 5, lsgeg] cj v] nf8L klg lrlgof] . ch]l {G6gfsf] klxnf b] lv g} k|z; + s x',“ t/ ch]l {G6gfsf] l6ddf of] k6s w] / } a] xfn lyof] . qmf] Pl;of, a] lNhodsf] v] n of] k6s w] / } / fd|f ] nfUof] . csf] { ljZjsk b] lv logLx¿sf] klg ;dy{g ul/ G5 sL h: tf] 5 . k|mfG;sf] d klxnf b] lv g} ;dy{s t xf] Og t/ @))^ sf] ljZjskdf lhg] lbg lhbfgn] O6fnLsf v] nf8LnfO{ 6fpsf] n ] 5fltdf xfg] sf] yfxf 5 . k|mfG;n] o; k6s / fd|f ] v] Nb} cfPkl5 lhT5 h: tf] nfUg yflnxfNof] . k|mfG;n] Psk6s lhlt;s] sf] eP/ qmf] Pl;ofn] lhtf] ;\ eGg] lyof] , ToxL eP/ kmfOgndf d] / f ] ;dy{g qmf] Pl;ofnfO{ lyof] . hfkfgsf] klg v] n dnfO{ dgk5{ . xf]G 8fsf] v] n / fd|f ] nfUof] . cfkm\g } ch]l {G6gf;lxt hfkfg / qmf] Pl;of xfbf{ lrQ b'v s ] f] lyof] .

… d /] f ] ;dy{g ch]l { G6gfeGbf lnof] gn d] ;LnfO{ lyof] Ú zlQm uf} rg, lqms] 6/ ;fgf] x'b“ fb] lv g} Dof/ f8f] gfsf] gfd ;'Gb} p;} sf] v] n x] b {} ch]l { G6gfsf] l6d k5\ofpg nfu] sf] xf] . ddLnfO{ ;fgf] df ch]l { G6gfsf] h;L{ klg lsGg nufPsf] lyP“ . ToxL nufP/ d : sn ' df km'6an v] Ny] + . (–!) jif{kl5 dfq km'6an v] Ng nfu] sf] x' “ . To;} n ] klg d ch]l { G6gfsf ;dy{s x' “ . o; k6s d] / f ] ;dy{g ch]l { G6gfeGbf lnof] gn d] ;LnfO{ lyof] . t/ ch]l { G6gf d'l: snn] gscfp6 r/ 0fdfq k'Uof] . d] ;Lsf] dfof nfu] / cfof] . To;kl5 / f d] n ] ' n'sfn'nfO{ ;dy{g lyof] . Tof] klg ;] ldkmfOgndf xf¥of] . k|mfG; / qmf] Pl;of b'j } kmfOgn k'U5g\ h: tf] nfu] sf] lyPg . t/ ch]l { G6gfnfO{ x/ fPkl5 k|mfG; dfly hfG5 eg] / clnslt cfzf rflx“ nfu] sf] lyof] . ToxL klg a] lNhodn] / f S] nf h: tf] nfu] sf] lyof] . qmf] Pl;ofsf] t vf;} v] n x] l/ g “ . t/ xfOnfO6\; x] bf{ n'sf df] l8«rsf] g] tT[ jdf Pp6f l6d eP/ v] n h ] : tf] b] lvGYof] .

… OU+ NofG8 ;] ldkmfOgn k'Ug'nfO{ efUodfgL 7fG5'Ú SofK6]g 8LaL a: g t] , ck/]zg 8fO/]S6/, a'Wb Po/ d] / f ] ;dy{g O+UNofG8nfO{ lyof] . O+UNofG8 ;] ldkmfOgn k'Ug'nfO{ efUodfgL 7fG5', lsgeg] / Iffk+lQm lgs} sdhf] / lyof] . : 6f« Olsª kmf] ;{ klg vf;} hDg ;s] sf] lyPg . x\of/ L s] g / fd|f : 6f« Os/ x'g\ t/ pgsf] # uf] n k] gfN6Ldf lyof] .

O+UNofG8 kmfOgn;Dd k'Ug pgL cem} r': t x'gk' Yof] { . o;kN6 O+UNofG8nfO{ kmfOgndf k'Ug] / fd|f ] df} sf lyof] , t/ Tof] p7fpg ;s] g . O+UNofG8sf] o'y 6f] nL ePsfn] eljiodf cfzf ug] { 7fp“ rflx“ 5 . a|flhn ljZjsksf] bfa] bf/ dflgPsf] lyof] .

To: t } alnof 6f]n L elgPsfx¿ ch]l { G6gf, hd{gL, : k g] klg rf“8 } cfp6 ePsfn] of] ljZjskdf cg'dfg ug{ w]/ } ufxf{] ePsf] lyof] . qmf] Pl;ofsf] ofqf To;} sf] kl/ 0ffd lyof] . k|mfG; / fd|f v]n f8Lsf sf/ 0f alnof] l6d lyof] .

66

… af| lhn xf/ k] l5 t ljZjsk g} ;lsPh: tf] eof] Ú a] lgzf xdfn, cleg] qL

tl:j/ M k|lj0f /f0ffef6

a|flhn xf/ k] l5 t d] / f nflu ljZjsk g} ;lsPh: tf] eof] . t/ kmfOgn;Dd} v] n x] / +] . kmfOgn qmf] Pl;ofn] g} lhlTbP x'GYof] eGg] nfu] sf] lyof] . k|mfG; alnof] t 5 t/ o;cl3 klg ljZjsk lhlt;s] sf] n ] ubf{ qmf] Pl;ofn] klxnf] k6s sk nuf] ;\ eGg] nfu] sf] xf] . km] l/ qmf] Pl;ofsf nflu kmfOgn k'Ug' klg 7"nf] lyof] . qmf] Pl;ofsf] t klxn] Dofr g} klg x]/ s ] f] lyOg“ . / fd|f ] v] ln/ x s ] f] 5 eGg] rflx“ ;'lg/ x s ] L lyP“ . ;] ldkmfOgn x] bf{ eg] Psbd} / fd|f ] 6f] nL nfUof] . To;f] t ljZjsksf] ;d"x r/ 0f rNb} ubf{ d] lS;sf] , a] lNhod, : k g] klg / fd| } nfu] sf lyP . cflv/ k|mfG; RoflDkog eof] .

lyof] . ?;df klg ch]l { G6gfsf] xljut ljZjsk 5gf] 6s} h: t } /Xof] . klxnf] v] nd} cfO;NofG8;“u !–! sf] a/ fa/ Ldf / f l] sPsf] ch]l { G6gfnfO{ csf] { v]n df qmf] Pl;ofn] #–) n] dfy lbof] . aNntNn gfOh] l/ ofnfO{ clGtd v] ndf kG5fPsf] ch]l { G6gfnfO{ k|mfG;n] Tof]e Gbf dfly hfg lbPg . kf] ru{' n clGtd !^ eGbf dfly p7] g . d]; L;“u ljZjsf] pTs[i6 v] nf8Ldf nuftf/ k|lt: kwL{ / xb“ } cfPsf lqml: 6ofgf] / f g] fN8f] sf nflu ;fGTjgf s] lyof] eg] pgn] x\ofl6«s ub} { k|ltof] lutfdf cfkm\gf] ;'?cft u/ s ] f lyP . pgsf] x\ofl6«sdf kf] ru{' nn] : k g] ;“u #–# sf] glthfdfq lgsfNg ;s] sf] lyof] . pgn] cfkm\gf] vftfdf csf] {uf] n klg yk] . kf] ru{' nnfO{ clGtd !^ df p?Uj] n ] / f l] slbof] . : k g] n] ?;df ljZjskdf ;'? x'g' Pslbg cufl8 k|lzIfs h'n g] nf] k 6] u] O' n { fO{ avf{: t ubf{ To;sf] ;Dk"0f{ c;/ 6f] nLdf k¥of] . : k g] km'6an dxf;+3sf] :jLs[lt glnO{ l/ on Dofl8«8sf] k|lzIfsdf lgo'Qm x'g ] lg0f{o u/ s ] fn] nf] k 6] u] O' n { fO{ : k g] n] x6fpg] lg0f{o ub} { kmgf{G8f] lxO/ f n ] fO{ lhDdf lbPsf] lyof] . ;d"x r/ 0fd} : k g] sf] k|efj b] lvPsf] lyPg . df] / Ssf] ;u“ 6f] nLn] d'l: snn] xf/ hf] ufp“b } @–@ sf] glthf lgsfn] sf] lyof] . t/ ?;n] : k g] nfO{ clGtd !^ df k] gfN6L ;'6 cfp6af6 3/ k7fOlbof] .

3/ n ] ' 6f] nL ?;n] ;f] reGbf w] / } / fd|f ] v] Nof] . ;d"x r/ 0fdf s'g } uf] n gvfO{ cufl8 a9] sf] p?Uj] nfO{ Ol8G;g sfefgLsf] rf] 6 dx“uf] k¥of] . sfefgLlagf p?Uj] n ] Sjf6/ kmfOgndf k|mfG;nfO{ vf;} 7"nf] r'gf} tL lbg ;s] g . Sjf6/ kmfOgndf k'Ug] csf] { 6f] nL : jL8] gnfO{ cfkm}d + f Tof] 7"nf] ;kmntf lyof] .

Pl;ofaf6 hfkfgdfq bf] ;f| ] r/ 0fdf k'Uof] . hfkfgn] klxnf] r/ 0fd} sf] nlDaofnfO{ k/ flht u/ s ] f] lyof] . @–! sf] pQm P]l txfl;s glthf;“u } hfkfg ljZj km'6ansf] zlQmzfnL / fi6« dflgPsf] blIf0f cd] l/ sL / fi6«dfly ljho xft kfg] { klxnf] / fi6« aGof] . hfkfgsf] bf] ;f| ] r/ 0f ofqf Tolt ;xh ag] g . klxnf] v] n xf/ /] klg ;d"x … PrÚ sf af“sL b'O{ v]n lhTb} sf] nlDaof ljh]t f aGof] . hfkfg / ;] g u] nsf] c+s, uf] nleGgtf, uf] n, vr]s { f] ;a} ;dfg aGbf km] o/ Kn] sf cfwf/ df hfkfg bf] ;f| ] r/ 0fdf k'Uof] . Pl;ofnL / fi6«df blIf0f sf] l/ of, c: 6 l]« nof, ;fpbL c/ l] aof, O/ fg klxnf] r/ 0fd} ;Lldt eP . clk|msg / fi6«af6 s'g } klg 6f]ln bf] ;f| ] r/ 0f k'Ug ;s]g g\ . hasL ljZj ljh] tf k|mfG;df clk|msL d'nsf !$ v] nf8L lyP . k] ?afx] s ;a} $ blIf0f cd] l/ sL / fi6« bf] ;f| ] r/ 0fdf k'u ] . Sjf6/ kmfOgndf p?Uj] / a|flhnn] dfq blIf0f cd] l/ sfsf] k|ltlglwTj u/ s ] f lyP . of] o: tf] ljZjsk lyof] h'g ch]l {G6gf, a|flhn / hd{gL lagf klxnf] ;] ldkmfOgn eO/ x s ] f] lyof] .

67

OGb|]0fL

%

s'/ f OlGb/f hf]zL uflosf

k': ts M

dnfO{ cfVofg, hLjgL, ly|n/ , k| ]dsyf / sljtf k9\g dg k5{ . d]/ f ] ;a} eGbf a] : 6 k': ts efujt uLtf xf] . lsgls o;af6 hLjg bz{g a'em\g ;lsG5 . dnfO{ dgkg]{ g] kfnL n] vsx¿df aLkL sf] O/ fnf, e"lk z] / rg / kfl/ hft x'g \ . pxfFsf s[ltx¿ bf] xf] ¥ofP/ k9] sL 5' . tL k': tsaf6 pmhf{ k|fKt x'G5 .

3'dlkm/ M

;fFuLlts sfo{qmdsf l;nl;nfdf #@ j6f b] z 8'ln;s] + . dnfO{ dg k/ s ] f 7fpFx¿df e] lg;, : jL6\h/ Nof08 / ci6]l « nof x'g \ . g] kfnsf klg %$ lhNnf 3'ld;s]

+ . d]/ f lk|o uGtJox¿ kfNkf, gfDr] / d':t fª x'g \ . g]k fnleq 3'Dbf cfkm\gf] kgn] lgy|S' s agfpF5 . dnfO{ 3'Dg dg nfu] sf 7fpFx¿df vKt8 / ;u/ dfyf cfwf/ lzlj/ x'g \ .

vfgf M

dnfO{ ;fbf kl/ sf/ dg k5{, lrNnf] , lk/ f ] / d;nf sd ePsf vfgf . ljb] zdf x'bF f ToxfFsf df} lns kl/ sf/ ;w} + vfg] u5' { . xfdLn] ;a} hfthfltsf k/ Dk/ fut vfgfsf] ;Ddfg ug'{ k5{ . ldn] ;Dd tL kl/ sf/ rfVg' k5{ . dnfO{ g] kfnL vfgf kl5 hfkfgL kl/ sf/ ;';L dg k5{ .

klx/ g M

klx/ g sDkm6{ j] n x'gk' 5{ . zl/ / ;'xfpFbf] x'gk' 5{ . df} ;d / k|of] hg cg';f/ pko'Qm kf] zfs nufpg' k5{ . slxn] kmd{n, slxn] 6]l « 8zgn t slxn] : kf] 6; { \ j] o/ . klx/ g s: tf] nufpg] eGg] s'/ f JolQmsf] : jtGqtf xf] To;df l6Kk0fL ug'{ pko'Qm x'bF g} .

l;g] df M

dnfO{ ;a} k|sf/ sf lkmNd dg k5{ . ljz]i ftM ;To 36gfdf cfwfl/ t lkmNd x] g{ a9L ?rfpF5 ' . g] kfnL lkmNd emf] nfn] dnfO{ lgs} k|efljt kf/ s ] f] 5 . / , Tof] k': tsn] klg . c+u h ]| L lkmNd c Jo'6Lkm"n dfOG8 / alnp8 lkmNd aDa] dnfO{ w]/ } dg k/ s ] f lkmNd x'g\ .

68

Get Featured on Yatra!

Love that view out the aircraft window? Do you photograph journeys of your travels? Are you an #AVGeek with a knack for plane spotting? If you ’ve answered YES to these questions, now is the chance to share your travel photos with our readers! Simply: • Tweet to us on Twitter by tagging us @airbuddha. We will be happy to share them with all our wonderful flyers!

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Best Photos Our first flight from Surkhet to KTM as official life partners (7th Baisakh2075). Thank you Buddha air for warm hospitality and service to connect dear ones | Namrata & Rupesh

Our honeymoon journey begins with Buddha Air May 16 2018 BDP-KTM Thanks for pleasent flight| Kiran Poudel

Aaditya at Pokhara Airport | Deepak Paudel

Its mine plesure to submit my art i_love this aircraft | Ritesh Joshi

She loves to travel with Buddha Airlines cause it leads to her brother & sister | Puja Jha

Mt. Annapurna & Mt. Machhapuchre captured during DHI to KTM | Uday Aryal

Aviral Ghimire KTM-Janakpur 26 june 2018. Thank you for the smooth flight |Tejsu Singh Malla

I feel much secured during my travel through buddha air..Also, the services are much good as compared to others.Buddha air has been helping me to accomplish my official work | Ranjit Sapkota

Thank you for the compassionate service and speedy transit. We at BlinkNow Foundation appreciated the gracious hospitality of the entire Buddha Air team. | Anjali Belur and Luke Metcalf

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