Yatra Magazine April 2005 | Buddha Air

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LETTERS

Letters

Why don’t you train your ground staff to be polite?

Krishna joshi, Kashki.

— We do train our ground staff to be polite and one of the major reasons in implementing Staff Performance Management System (SPMS) is to constantly monitor all our staff regarding their handling of the passengers. From time to time our passengers perceive the handling of our staff to be impolite, which we monitor constantly and entertain all complaints at the top management level. We do realize that our staff might tend to be impolite due to over-stress and/or monotony of work, which we curb with trainings, workshops and classes and motivation. We request all our valued passengers to report directly either in writing or verbally regarding any such incidents or complaints, which will be very helpful for us in correcting ourselves.

Why doesn't Buddha air inform the passengers when the flight is delayed?

Tara Bdr. Pun, Pokhara — We are always concerned about the comfort and the convenience of our valued customers. When our flight delay is scheduled we always inform our passengers through the contact number, which

you have left, or through the travel agent from whom you have issued the tickets, but sometimes the flight is delay unscheduled mostly due to weather, technical problems or the traffic load at the airport.

In this conditions we have done our utmost to inform our passengers from this check in counter .for this purpose we have appointed staff at the departure hall for the passengers convenience. An announcement of flight delay has been made at all airports on regular basis.

Why is your fare so high in comparison to other airlines?

Jadesh Pant, Mahandranagar — You might have noticed that other airlines have decreased and then increased then again decreased the fare in the past three months. This shows that the decreased fare is not sustainable and if they cannot meet all their expenses with the decreased fare then one cannot say that scenario like Necon Air or Mountain Air might not repeat again. Our fare is sustainable, which we had mentioned in one of our article in the last issue of Yatra.

We can also indulge in the ongoing fare war and make the existing fare go down more but we estimate that we will be able to sustain just for about a year in that scenario. We do have a

discount system for our "Royal Card" members, for whom we have a cumulative discount of 10% and many other discounts and schemes.

Why don’t you bring bigger aircraft like other airlines?

Satyendra Pandey, New Baneshwor

Response from Buddha Air

We cannot bring bigger aircrafts because the cost of operation of maintaining two different types of fleet of small numbers of aircrafts plying the same route is not economical. It is more beneficial to add the same fleet as per the demand.

Need more maintenance of the cabin.

Dr. Manoj Lal, Kathmandu We agree that some aircraft cabin maintenance require to be improved. We have already purchased new carpets and cabin seat cover clothes.

Seat covers have already gone to tailor for stitching similarly carpet will be changed soon. We will concentrate on improving cabin appearance. Necessary instructions have been given to Maintenance Division for cabin maintenance.

CAT (Clear Air Turbulence) In

a clear day free of clouds people are most likely to think that their flight may be smooth or free of turbulence but this is just merely a lack of knowledge about weather and especially due to a factor known as “CAT”.

CAT or more commonly known, as “Clear Air Turbulence” is a kind of rough air which occurs with little or no visual sign. It develops when contrasting air masses collide to give energy exchange but dry enough not to form any cloud. It

is also associated with the strong winds at high altitude near jet stream. Jet stream is the band of high-speed wind, which can exceed speed of more than 170 miles per hour.

Other than jet stream CAT is associated with various other factor such as mountain waves, Convective currents and temperature inversion. Especially in a mountainous country like Nepal with Mountain ridges and high terrain spreading all over, it is most likely that

when winds flow across these ridges they create waves causing a major factor of CAT. CAT is also most likely to be encountered while flying at low levels such as in the Terai during summer time, when convective heat released from the surface also causes turbulence. This is the main cause why our passengers experience turbulence when they fly during clear weather.

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SOCIETY Society

Problems

of workingwomen in Nepal differ considerably in the formal and informal sector. Woman workers are facing specific problems in each occupation depending upon the nature and area of work, level of their education and the prevailing social setup. The traditional concepts that woman's place is in the house and her role is limited to domestic activities like cooking, bearing and rearing children etc. still continue to be in a disadvantage position in our country.

Displacement As modern capital intensive technology is introduced, many women are displaced from their Jobs. Similarly, woman workers are being affected by the increasing mechanization and automation in all sectors of production. In informal sector women generally do the most menial types of work like sweeping, cleaning, washing loading, carrying etc. Women working in tobacco processing, conveyer belts and other automatic machinery have displaced agriculture docks. According to recent studies many women have lost their jobs in textile industries, carpets or garment factories in Kathmandu owing to rationalization and introduction of modern technology.

Devaluation of women's Economic Contribution Women's household activities aren't considered as an economic contribution, so it is not counted as employment.

Women's work in the production of goods and services in the family for own consumption is not considered a part of national income. Women are often restricted to family and domestic tasks reducing the importance of their economic role. This results in women being considered a secondary labors force whose income is simply a complement to the family unit.

Women infact remain as underutilized human resource and our society is yet to recognize them as an economic participants and contributor equal to their male counterparts.

Wrong Gender Expectation In our society people expect women to be inferior and submissive at home, at workplace to bosses and to those who are powerful. Women are expected to be physically weak and

docile. If women resist or react to men's domination it will be considered to be not becoming of gentle women. Similarly, women's needs have to be subservient to the needs of other.

For example, at the time of children's examination, illness of any member of the family etc. it is the wife who has to take leave and manage the affairs. Care of children is often considered to be women's priority.

Double Work Day for Women Women are facing a double workday load. Women who carry out an economic activity must also assume family and domestic responsibilities almost alone. They normally work on an average 4 to 5 hours a day at home fulfilling their traditional responsibilities as wife, career of children, elderly and aged home managers, cook etc. in addition to their economic activity. It is estimated that the contribution of male in domestic work is hardly 5 to 10 per cent. It is generally observed that in families where wife is educated, husband helps her in domestic activities where husband's involvement is less or nil at all in families where woman is illiterate. In more families wife's demand on husband for sharing domestic responsibilities ends up in conflict. It is pity that very few people seem to realize that women have a right to leisure.

The HM Government has launched several developmental and employment generation programmers with special focus on women. The NGO, INGO and other organizations have also targeted empowerment of women. Though the work participation of women has considerably improved in the last few decades much more needs to be done to give a better to deal to woman as far as their employment and conditions of employment are concerned.

Problems of

working women n Hemo Ojha

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TECHNOLO

Technology

M

anagement Information Systems is the study of the design, implementation, management and use of information applications in organizations. It emphasizes the collection, organization, analysis and dissemination of information for the planning and control of business and organizational operations. Information system is an integral part of every organization, government offices, and business houses. IT is becoming all-pervasive and is having a impact on all industries -- in service as well as in manufacturing. It is affecting workers at all levels of organizations from the executives to assembly hands and clerks. IT is increasingly becoming an integral component of all types of technologies -- craft, engineering, routine, and non-routine. Various analysts have very rightly defined organization as "a structure in which information serves as the axis and as the central structural support." The technology, which this system sought, is one of the fast growing and changing thus giving a hard time to the personnel taking up the responsibility to work with the system. Buddha Air has the vision of capitalizing the most useful part of information system from its starting days. In addition, Buddha Air is successful in applying a fine information system. Management Information System, which was set up in early period of its inception have been working in this field to achieve maximum output from information technology.

To achieve the goal of its management's vision of paperless industry, MIS have been working on it every day. Well, it is not an easy task considering the status of information technology in our country, initial huge financial investment requirement and above all the education and commitment of working level staff towards this direction. Anyway, our effort towards this direction for more than seven years in Buddha Air has paved some way to this direction where we can safely march. We have computerized almost all the major functions, which have to be carried out to smoothly run an airline. Following are the modules, which we have deployed in our organization, 1. Finance and Budget Control System 2. Revenue Accounting System 3. Local Reservation System 4. Comparative Market Research System 5. Personnel and Payroll System 6. General Inventory System

Role of Information System in an airline n Rajin Ranjit

7. Operation and Crew Planning System 8. Engineering Inventory System 9. Engineering Planning System 10. Royal Club Frequent Flier System Recently our management has decided to launch SPMS (Staff Performance Management System) to boost the morale of every individual staff associated with Buddha Air. This is an open system, which will track all individual’s performance and help to improve his/her efficiency in work performance.

Incorporated in this system is the scope of reward to those who excel in their duties and punishment to those who performed lowest in their work performance. This comprehensive package of SPMS will obviously help management to have a keen sight on every individual staff as well as every department and divisions within the organization structure. We have diversified our reservation system, which is now easily accessible from our sales counter at Hattisar and Kathmandu airport counter also. To further enhance this system we are planning to have a link with our other destinations through possible media.

Our central office at Jawalakhel and Engineering Office at Sinamangal is fully equipped with state of the art 24 hour running email and internet system which has helped a lot in internal and external communication as well as in exploring new ideas and knowledge in airline field. Our company’s official website www.buddhaair.com was maintained from the starting period of our operation which has been constantly providing various information’s of our activities and above all information regarding the most talked about only one frequent flier program in Nepal with more than 20,000 members.

Computer for every desktop staff is our motto. So far, we have been successful in providing computer for every staff in our Head Office, Engineering office and Sales office with around hundred computers. This is quite a good indication of our organizations step towards achieving the best from information technology. Buddha Air is the most successful airline in the history of Civil Aviation of Nepal. The whole credit goes to its dynamic management capability and devotion of its staff as well. Today we are proud not just because we have cleared all our loans with our initial investors but also because we have created a system which will definitely guide us to new heights of success. Obviously, the courage and dedication of bringing brand new aircrafts worth five million dollars in a country like ours by our management is a leap of success towards this direction. Above all, during these seven years, Buddha Air has been enjoying this level of popularity only because of prompt and proper decision by its management, which has come into effect with the help of Management Information System.

O HEALTH Health

How to deal with

Stress

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Stress

is the "wear and tear" our body experiences as we adjust to our continually changing environment; it has physical and emotional effects on us and can create both positive and negative feeling .As a positive influence, stress can help compel us to action, it can result in creating awareness and bringing about an exciting new perspective. As a negative influence, it can result in feelings of distrust, rejection, anger and depression, which in turn can lead to health problems such as headaches, stomach upset, rashes, insomnia, high blood pressure and stroke. With the death of a loved one, the birth of a child, a job promotion or a new relationship we experience stress as we readjust our lives .In adjusting to different circumstances, stress will help or hinder us depending on how we buddhaair.com

1. Become aware of your stressors and your emotional, physical reactions. n Notice your distress. Do not ignore it. Do not gloss over your problems. n Determine what events distress you. What are you telling yourself about meaningof these events? n Determine how your body responds to the stress; do you get nervous or similar mood upset.

2. Recognize what you can change. n Can you change your stressors

by avoiding or eliminating them? n Can you shorten your exposure to stress (take a break, leave the physical premises)? n Can you devote the time and energy necessary to making a change (goalsetting, time management techniques) 3. Learn to moderate your physical reaction to stress. n Slow, deep breathing will bring your heart rate and respiration back to normal. n Relaxation techniques can reduce muscle tension.

Electronic biofeedback can

How can we eliminate Stress from Our Life?

As we have seen, positive stress adds anticipation and excitement to our lives, and we all thrive under a certain amount of stress. Deadlines, competitions, confrontations, and even our frustrations and sorrows add depth and enrichment to our lives. Our goal is not to eliminate stress but to learn how to manage it and how to use it to help us. Insufficient stress acts as a depressant and may leave us feeling bored or dejected, on the other hand, excessive stress may leave us feeling tied up in knots.

What we need to do is to find the optimal level of stress, which will individually motivate but not overwhelm each of us.

How can we Tell what is Optimal stress?

There is no single level of stress that is optimal for all people. We are all individual creatures with unique requirements.

What is distressing to one may be joy to another, and even when we agree that a particular event is distressing; we are likely to differ in our physiological and psychological response to it. A person who loves to arbitrate disputes and move from job site to job site would be stressed in a job which was stable and routine, whereas the person who thrives under stable conditions would very likely be stressed on a job where duties were highly

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help you gain voluntary control over such things as muscle tension, heart rate and blood pressure.

4. Build your physical reserves. n Exercise for fitness three to four times a day, moderate, prolonged rhythmic exercise is best, such as walking, swimming, cycling and jogging. n Avoid nicotine, excessive caffeine and other stimulants. n Mix leisure with work. Take breaks and get away when you can. n Get enough sleep and be consistent with your sleep

schedule as possible.

5. Maintain your emotional reserves. n Develop some mutually supportive friendships or relationships. n Pursue realistic goals, which are meaningful to you, rather than goals others have for you that you do not share. n Expect some frustrations and sorrow in your life. n Always be kind and gentle with yourself and be a friend to yourself.

varied.It has been found that most illness are related to unrelieved stress.If you are experiencing stress symptoms ,you have gone beyond your optimal stress level; you need to reduce the stress in your life or improve your ability to manage it .

How can we Manage Stress Better?

Identifying unrelieved stress and being aware of its effects on our lives is not sufficient for reducing its harmful effects. Just as there are many sources of stress there are many possibilities for its management. However all require work towards change changing the source of stress and changing your reaction to it.

Compiled by: Nishit

Rizal

Remember us for all kinds of Gents wear tailoring B.K.Tailoring Phone: 4411987 Naxal, Kathmandu

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HEALTH Shopping

SHOPPING SHOPPING & MORE

SHOPPING! S

hopping in Kathmandu can be a very exhilarating and fun experience if you know how and where. While Ason, Bagh Bazaar and New Road were the commercial hubs almost a decade ago, today shopping has broadened its reach over a wide spread area. New Road however still retains its popularity as a shopping hot spot. Ask any Kathmanduite to guide you for a shopping spree and today you will probably be given at least half a dozen names of the fabulous department stores and supermarkets that have mushroomed and become an integral feature of the capital lifestyle.

Department Stores and Supermarkets These are the in-places for shopping and also the most convenient. From your basic grocery to a selection of the finest wines, from casual wear to trendy branded labels, from cosmetics to accessories and shoes, from kitchen gadgets to the latest hi-tech gizmos - you have them all under one roof.

It is just a question of where you prefer to shop.

Location, sales service, price or simply the ambience are some of the key factors that help a consumer decide. Bluebird Department store in Tripureswore is probably the pioneer in starting the department store culture. Four floors of a wide selection of goods make it a premier choice among shoppers. However, prices differ slightly to other stores like Bhatbhateni or Saleways, which offer a slightly lower rate. Bluebird certainly scores on lifestyle products such as bed spreads, comforters, branded wear, etc.

If you want to be where the action is then Bhatbhateni is definitely the place to go to. Great salesmanship and a really wide range of goods await you in the four floors and additional blocks. Shopping for food here is terrific – shelves after shelves stacked with the choicest offers are available.

The clothes, cosmetics, perfume, sunglasses, electronics and shoe

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segments score really high with shoppers here.

Saleways in Jawlakhel is a new entrant and one that has earned itself distinct popularity very early. The food section and the clothes area are where the business is churning in from. Namaste located in Pulchowk is yet another store that has given itself a new look and is a preferred store for shopping for food, toiletries, gift items, electronics and sunglasses. Gemini in Jawlakhel and Boudha, Kashtamandap in Durbar Marg and New Baneswore Department Stores are other popular hot spots for shopping with a full and wide range of goods.

Multi Brand and Exclusive Retail Shops for Clothes & Accessories If you are looking to buy branded wear, head for Labels in Durbar Marg or to the other Adidas, Reebok, Pepe and Nike exclusive retail units in Durbar Marg, New Road and Putali Sadak. However, if you are not very particular about brands but are looking for the latest in fashion trends then head for shops in Bishal Bazaar, Khichapokari, Putali Sadak and Durbar Marg. For the young and fashion conscious we recommend – Gossip, Eighteen, Peanuts, UFO, DOT amongst others. For those who prefer custom clothing fabrics can be purchased at several shops in Khichapokhari, Bagh Bazaar, Ason and other lanes in New Road. Bishal Bazaar has several shops that deal in imported fabrics and stores like Wonderfab and Life Style offer great ethnic prints from India and sarees.

Sunglasses, shoes, perfumes, mobiles, jewellery and accessories can be purchased in any of these areas as well.

Putali Sadak offers a range of stores that deal exclusively in menswear. If you are on the lookout for the latest perfumes and fragrances check out Pleasures on Durbar Marg and Grand Stores in Bishal Bazaar. You will find the widest range here which include names like Gucci, Kenzo, Lancome, Davidoff, Dior, YSL and more. If your fashion statement lies in your shoes – you can find it all in Kathmandu from the designer style Ballys to the sturdy Doc Martens, sporty Converse and the dainty Peltz shoes; shop for shoes in New Road or at Bentleys in Durbar Marg.

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Shopping in Kathmandu can be a very exhilarating and fun experience if you know how and where.

Electronics From kitchen gadgets, mobiles to the latest in audio and video systems – Kathmandu is definitely the shopper's Mecca.

You can buy the best of cameras from various stores in New Road – Snapper and Photo Concern are well recommended.

For television, sets and music systems head towards the department stores or the branded exclusive showrooms of Samsung, Philips and Sony. Cheaper alternatives from China can be found in the China Market located near Dharara.

There are several mobile phone showrooms across town, we recommend Digitek on Durbar Marg. For home appliances, the department stores definitely are recommended for a wider range and for demonstration and guarantee purposes.

Boutiques If your wallet isn’t lighter yet, a trip to the various boutiques in Kathmandu is worth a try. They are mostly located on Kupondole, Putali Sadak, Kantipath and Durbar Marg. Fashion has come a long way in Kathmandu and the wonderful ensembles on sees in various international magazines are recreated under the magical guidance of trained fashion designers in boutiques or original creations made just for you. Worth a try are Wheels and Yasmine on Durbar Marg, Swoniga in Kantipath, Aakarshan and Tarunica in Kupondole.

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READER'S

Reader's Column

I

A FRIEND IN THE SKY n Basanta Kumar Parajuli

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was all set to fly to Bhadrapur for an official business on January. Taking into consideration the services, facilities and safety, I chose to fly by Buddha Air for its good name and prestige in the market.

I was scheduled to fly by flight No. 903 at 11:30 a.m. but that very morning, an urgent meeting showed up which I had to attend. The meeting ended only at 10:30 a.m,which made me late to report at the airport. Panic stricken, I rushed to my car and started towards Tribhuvan International Airport.

Unfortunately, I was stuck in a traffic jam at Kamal Pokhari and then at Gyaneshwor. I did not see any possibility of getting out of it and so opted to go through a longer route.

In the meantime, I called Buddha Air Office at the airport from my mobile with a hope that the flight might be delayed. To my dismay, it was not. I was further requested to reach as fast as possible. This made me even more nervous and so, I urged my driver to hurry up. Luckily, there were no more traffic jams and I reached the airport at 11:25.

Although, I breathed a sigh of relief, I realized I still had a long way to go. I was worried, as the reporting time had already passed. Adding to my frustration was the long

queue for security check. As I stood there motionless, I saw a familiar Ground Hostess of Buddha Air. Without losing a second, I ran towards her and briefed my problem. She immediately directed me to the office of Buddha Air as the ticket counter for Bhadrapur was already closed. I ran into the office and talked to the duty manager and told him my situation. He immediately contacted the pilots in the cockpit and requested to stop for a while. The young and smart man helped me to pay the airport tax and security check and everything that followed.

Finally, I got into the plane but all the anxiety and tension made me forget to thank all the people who had helped me. Through out the flight period, I thought about the trouble Buddha Air had taken for a "mere" passenger. The behaviour of its employees made me feel even more attached to it. I felt privileaged and honoured to be the member of Royal Club and the regular passenger of Buddha Air. From helpers to crewmembers, all are committed towards the safety and comfort of their passengers not only in words but in actions as well. Â Thank you Buddha Air for treating passengers so well and understanding their problems.

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SOCIAL

Social Service

"charity begins at home"

C

orporate Responsibility of an organization starts from itself, as the saying goes "charity begins at home". Buddha Air dedicated itself for the first seven years of its operation to establishing an organization operating by the books. We have been able to take care of our business well, which has reflected in taking care of our staff.

After a very long study regarding our involvement in Corporate Social Responsibility, we have decided that our social responsibility is to make ourselves self-reliant rather than to dole out donations and contribute to the already existing beggar mentality of our nation.

86% of our population is based on rural agricultural economy, therefore to bring economic prosperity we have

to bring a radical change in this sector.

After a very long deliberation and experimentation including a 100% household survey in one of the VDCs of Morang district, we have financed a project in Tanki Sunwari VDC of Morang, which is being implemented

by Community Development and Research Center from January 1st 2005. The duration of this project is two years and we hope to achieve in imparting appropriate technology to the present agricultural activities there so that increase in productivity is achieved. We have agriculture technicians teaching the population on site about soil management and providing hybrid seeds, scientific agriculture technology etc and appropriate marketing techniques of

their product. We are also involved in the VDC to ascertain if the local population is responsive towards cooperative organization. We are introducing group management by the local populace for micro credit, which will cumulate into a cooperative shop by the end of the project.

We envisage this project to provide us the result, within the first 6 to 9 months of the implementation of the project regarding our hypothesis that the farmers must form cooperatives, which can produce the value added product of their harvest and get involved in the marketing of that product to the end, so that they and not the middle-men get the full financial benefit of their produce.

Our

Social

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HUMAN RE

Human Resource

T

he development of human resource is absolutely necessary for any commercial or social organization, and therefore Buddha Air has developed an appropriate, professional and efficient system for human resource development.

All parties concerned are keen to implement this system effectively and to adopt it with ease.

It is an undisputed fact that the biggest role in the success of any commercial or social organization lies with the concerned parties who accept the commercial or social services provided as suitable, and that in maintaining this quality of service the staff have a great hand. With the unanimous belief that the needs of the day can only be fulfilled by the development of human resource, the attempt to implement the said program has already begun, in order to provide better accessibility, facilities and effectiveness in the services of Buddha Air P. Ltd. The latest modern computer technologies have been adopted in the human resource development department of Buddha Air P. Ltd, to be effective over every single one of the employees.

According to this system, each employee's duties will be recorded in the computer along with his past history. The employees will be able to view their current status, and likewise, the computer will also prepare the details of the employee evaluations, employee-identity card and monthly payment.

Buddha Air P. Ltd has recently adopted the "Staff-duties Management system" For the continuous progress of internal manpower development. All the staff from various departments, branches, and sub-branches will be involved in this program, which will not only improve their dexterity but also allow them to participate in the working of internal administration.

Promotions, cash prizes, the addition of

grades, other prizes, warnings and penalties will also be decided by the program according the to rules and regulations of the company, which will allow us to build an efficient commercial structure.

This system is considered to be very reliable for the development of human resource. According to this scheme, every employee may know how he is being evaluated by the supervisor. In fact the employee's participation is absolutely necessary, because according to the system, the supervisor cannot evaluate unless the employee is present, so the input of both the inspector and the inspected is required on the report of the inspection. Actually, the major characteristic features of this system are the involvement of each and every one the staff,equal treatment and justice to staff on all levels, the unbiased assessment of good or bad work and the evaluation of discipline and morality.

Birendra Bahadur Basnet, the Managing Director of the company asserted that all promotions, prizes, grades, other prizes, warnings and penalties will be investigated properly and impartiality and transparency will be embraced along with this system.

He also instructed the human resource development department to incorporate all administrative operations in this system and to implement them too.

The "Staff-duties Management system" has been developed in an understanding with Kathmandu University, after a detailed study by Professor Doctor Subash K.C. and lecturer Kiran Khatri. In a fiveday program, Khagendra Bahadur Basnet, from the human resource development Department, has informed the staff, in groups, of this new system, which was developed with the objective of making the evaluation system more proficient, fair and transparent, and also of making the human resources and management more effective.

This system is concerned with the

following objectives: 1. Special significance and equality in the assessment of employees, in order to maintain the commercial success.

2. Re-appraisal of the current evaluation system (policy, program and implementation) 3. The stepwise development of the administration system (the method of work, responsibility, leadership and evaluation style) 4. Various points determined to implement the above objectives.

The following are the most important goals of the system: 1. Each employee should be determined to complete his/her responsibility in order to fulfill the maximum duties.

2. The responsibility for each person or group involved would be decided and the person or group would be evaluated according to the predetermined duties.

3. Each person or group would have to get themselves inspected each month to determine if the preset responsibilities are being fulfilled or not.

4. The staff should ask for suitable working enviroment and materials needed for them to fulfill their duties.

5. Promotions, prizes, trainings, penalties and other facilities would be decided on the basis of the above points.

The objective of Buddha Air P' Ltd. in introducing these new measures is to preserve the company's rate of growth, to judge the staff's performance impartially, to maintain equal treatment, to acknowledge the contribution of staff in the progress of the company, to encourage new programs, to give added responsibilities and facilities to the staff and to increase the commercial standard of the staff. It is believed that this will be a great help to the personality development of the individual staff as well as to the advancement of the company.

HRD Department in Buddha Air

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FUN Fun

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 8

Across 1. Eager involvement (10) 8. Stream of water (5) 9. Take as one’s own (5) 10. Ball game (4) 12. Guard (6) 14. Language Communication (6) 17. Fruit (4) 21. In addition (5) 22. Boundary (5) 23. Executives (10)

9

10

11

13

12 18

14

15

16

17

18

19

20 21

22

Down 2. Pertaining to warships (5) 3. Solid (4) 4. Apportion (5) 5. Concerning (5) 6. Friendly (5) 7. Boast (4) 11. Enemy (3) 13. Doze (3) 14. Water vapour (5) 15. Consumed (5) 16. Loud, resonant sound (5) 18. Yellowish citrus fruit (5) 19. Mongrel dog (4) 20. Shut with force (4)

JOKES

23

The General went out to find that none of his G.I.s were there. One finally ran up, panting heavily.

"Sorry, sir! I can explain, you see I had a date and it ran a little late. I ran to the bus but missed it, I hailed a cab but it broke down, found a farm, bought a horse but it dropped dead, ran 10 miles, and now I'm here."

The General was very skeptical about this explanation but at least he was here so he let the G.I. go. Moments later, eight more G.I.s came up to the general panting, he asked them why they were late.

"Sorry, sir! I had a date and it ran a little late, I ran to the bus but missed it, I hailed a cab but it broke down, found a farm, bought a horse but it dropped dead, ran 10 miles, and now I'm here."

The General eyed them, feeling very skeptical but since he let the first guy go, he let them go, too.

A ninth G.I. jogged up to the General, panting heavily.

"Sorry, sir! I had a date and it ran a little late, I ran

to the bus but missed it, I hailed a cab but..."

"Let me guess," the General interrupted, "it broke down."

"No," said the G.I., "there were so many dead horses in the road, it took forever to get around them." oo much!"

A man is in a bar and falling off his stool every couple of minutes. He is obviously drunk. So the bartender says to another man in the bar: "Why don't you be a good Samaritan and take him home."

The man takes the drunk out the door and to his car and he stumbles at least ten times. They drive along and the drunk points out his house to the man. He stops the car and the drunk stumbles up the steps to his house with the man.

The drunk's wife greets them at the door: "Why thank you for bringing him home for me, but where's his wheel chair?"

DID YOU KNOW ?

n

Shakespeare was the first to use certain words that are now common, including "hurry," "bump," "eyeball," and "anchovy."

n

If you toss a penny 10,000 times, it will not be heads 5,000 times, but more like 4,950. The heads picture weighs more, so it ends up on the bottom more often.

n

The highest temperature ever recorded on Earth was 136 degrees Fahrenheit on September 13, 1992, in Azizia, Libya.

n

n

More than one-third of the world's commercial supply of pineapples comes from Hawaii.

The rare metal gallium melts at 86 degrees Fahrenheit. It is safe to touch; if you hold a piece of it in your hand and wait, it will melt.

n

n

Jackrabbits are powerful jumpers. A 20-inch adult can leap 20 feet in a single bound

The oldest rocks in the world, the so-called St. Peter and St. Paul stones in the Atlantic Ocean, are over 4 billion years old.

n

n

The 1997 Jack Nicholson film As Good As It Gets is known in China as "Mr. Cat Poop."

n

Before he catapulted to fame, Bob Dylan was paid $50 in 1960 for playing the harmonica on a Harry Bellefonte album.

The biggest badminton shuttle in the world can be found on the lawns of the Nelson-Atkins Art Museum, in Kansas City – 48 times larger than the real thing at 18 feet tall and weighing 5,000 pounds.

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HIMALAYA

Himalayan View

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Bird's

Eyeview

of Mt.

EVEREST from

32,000 ft.

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HIMALAYA

Himalayan View

W

e were in Nepal to survey the Everest region for a forthcoming study of high altitude rescue and recovery operations with rotor wing aircraft (helicopters). Our photos and video were to be studied later to develop a plan to do flight tests in the Spring.

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I selected Buddha Air for the charter flight because of my prior experience with them, and they maintain the best equipment in the region- which met our strict requirements.

Everyone, from ground crew through to the excellent pilots, performed

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to perfection and with a courteous professionalism.

We were very fortunate that conditions were favorable for our flight and, as can be seen from the photographs, resulted in extraordinary images.

The camera I used was a Contax

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645AF, shooting Kodak E100S film. I used a variety of lenses, but most of the images were obtained using the T*120 Makro. We flew a number of circuits of the Everest massif at altitudes ranging from 25,000' to 32,000', at normal cruise speed.

Photo By:

n Paul Schiemer email: schiemer@surfecg.com

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FACE TO F Face to Face

r. Bhola Rijal needs no introduction – not only has he recently come to the limelight by giving birth to D the first test tube baby of Nepal, he is also a renowned lyricist. The man who is now known as the 'test tube father' had once vowed "I will not die without giving birth to a test tube baby." At this moment, he is happy thrilled at the fulfillment of his promise. In spite of his hectic schedule, the somber-natured Dr. Rijal has managed his time to converse on a variety of topics with Yatra. Hence, Yatra presents excerpts from the interview conducted with the senior doctor, who is very concerned about the condition of the nation.

Doctor, have you attained success in giving birth to the first test tube baby of Nepal?

requires proof to be verified. There have only been rumors till date, no confirming evidence has been discovered.

We do not find it necessary to claim that it is Nepal's first case. Nepal's Sandhya Tamang has given birth to a baby through the test tube technology in our hospital.

Our team as well as Om Hospital has received praises for this from throughout the world. I have taken the birth of a baby through modern technology as a matter of pride for the whole country. Now, instead of debating on whether this is the first time or not, I would like to agree with the nation's and the world's comments that another baby has not been born through this procedure.

Is your hospital running into profit or losses?

Rumors and gossips are a different matter altogether. Any scientific research

Unhealthy competition does not exist only among doctors; it is a phenomenon

There were reports about the birth of test tube babies even before this?

The hospital, which had begun in 1990 with only 8 beds, now boasts of 150 beds.

400 workers are employed here. The ailing patients have regained health. Childless couples are experiencing pleasure in their being parents. In such circumstances, I don't like to talk about profits and losses.

But I want to state the truth – we have a loan of 13 crores in the bank. We have to repay the premium as well as interest. I would like to say only this much.

It is said that a very unhealthy competition exists among doctors, what do you have to say about this?

‘Resolution to Crisis – A Round Table Conference’ n Dr. Bhola Rijal

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found in every person, society, village and group. There is no single place where it is not present. I have identified it as an internal hindrance. This situation should not linger for many days. Our mentality dictates that only we should live; the nation and public can go to the dogs. This state of affairs has arisen due to the mind-set that only the self should survive; only it should rise into power. It is essential to improve this thought. We should wipe out the core of such unfair rivalry.

What opinion do you have about the attitude of the government towards the health sector?

What can I possibly say? I am a person who works for the ill all day. I indulge in literature and songs in my free time.

But I can declare this much – there is no sector as neglected as the health sector.

Today, we are unable to even provide our

children with pure drinking waterwhich causes death of children. So many mothers are breathing their last due to lack of maternal care. The list is simply endless.

Hence, for the improvement of the health sector, there should be the provision of special health facilities in every village and district. There will be no improvement unless Nepalese assemble and make plans for Nepal. The health policies of Nepal are made by translating paragraphs drafted by the donor nations into Nepali language.

This proves to be the major drawback for the advancement of our health services.

You are also a popular lyricist. How many songs have you penned down, and what target do you wish to reach?

It would be difficult to confirm the exact number of songs. I guess I have written around 300-400 songs. About 150 have also been recorded. It is not in my hands to predict the time till which I will write or live. This is all the grace of God. The day God's order expires; we will have to depart.

When do you find leisure to write songs?

I feel that songs and poems are not things to be created in leisure. It is difficult to perceive heartache and reality in such songs written during free time. Whenever I have the urge to write, I do so. Sometimes, I even wake up in the night and write. This is my writing technique.

What is your own song that you are fond of?

If it were only five or ten songs I could have picked out one. I have songs for every genre – folk, modern, patriotic, religious.

Hence it is very difficult for me to choose a song. But sometimes I sing to myself – ' Mero pauwapatilai, mero gaunle sathilai barpipalko jodilai, bhanideu pharkadaichu gaunma.

Another song I croon is the one composed

by Bhaktaraj Acharya 'Maile Ankhako Bhaka Bujhina. maile hanso ra rodan bujhina.' I like 'Ke sainole bolaun, ke naam diun timilai.' I also like 'Fulko mala sajiyeko photo matra jhulcha, jo mareni Nepalikai siundo khali huncha Nepalikai choro marcha jasle marepani, jit hunna Nepaliko jasle hare pani, aama jasle hare pani…'

Sometimes I even feel like weeping in solitude, when I am humming – 'Kahilyai dekheka chau timile jiwanma sandhai parajaya.'

Let us change the context, how do you analyze the present situation of Nepal?

What view can I present? There is chaos everywhere and people are crying their hearts out. Nowhere can we spy a cheerful face. The situation is such that during nightfall, each individual reflects on the future and gets terrified. No one had ever imagined that such circumstances could ever arise in the birthplace of Sita and Lord Buddha. We could feel horrified when we heard about such incidents abroad and would pray to the almighty that it would not be repeated anywhere else.

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But how could we know that our nation would have to bear worst circumstances?

That we would begin slaughtering among ourselves? When I evaluate the present situation, I can only say – Oh God, you needn't give us anything else, please improve the condition of the nation soon and spread peace all over.

Which regions of the nation needs improvement?

Which sections can I single out?

There is no segment that does not require development. There were some places like that, long ago. But they have also turned hopeless these days. All the clean places have become polluted. The whole path has turned bloody. Even the wind blowing in the mornings and evenings seems contaminated. Now taking breath also proves to be taxing. Today, the political constitution requires a huge enhancement.

The discrepancies of the economic sector have influenced education, health and fundamental development negatively. Even rudimentary bases of development have been dismantled, hence where can we begin improvement?

How have you taken the Royal address of February 1?

More than my view of the Royal address, it is important to know how necessary it was for the nation.

People had to give their lives to save the nation that had gradually degraded due to push and pull of fourteen years. Instead of an outsider entering and ruling us like slaves, it is far better that our own king should reign. The king had to take this step forcibly; hence the whole Nepali populace should consider this as a step taken to preserve the integrity of the nation. This is the time for us to unite and move ahead together.

this condition won't remain forever.

The bickering among the parties has been added to the Maoist violence. Won't this create further difficulties?

Problems will definitely increase.

When a Nepali fights with another, when brothers turn enemies, how can it be good?

All sectors have to reach an understanding to solve the Maoist problem. The crisis should be solved through talks. But at the present condition; when Maoist talks have not even begun; it is worse when the parties begin clashing. I request to Maoists and all parties – all of us have to be one to save and develop the nation.

How can the nation's present problem be resolved?

Progress refers to the understanding among us. Hence, there should be a roundtable conference among His Majesty, the parties and government. Discussions should be conducted on how procedures for the establishment of peace and

I believe that no rule, policy or law should be formulated by overruling the wishes of the

citizens.

But the international community is expressing disapproval over this, isn't it?

Our nation is geographically challenged. Two big neighbors, namely India and China, surround it. We have been following the impartial international policy; we maintain harmony with all neighbors and the international community. The government has already stated that the present difficult condition is not for ever; it will only remain for a short while. A good neighbor can only be recognized at this time – depending on whether they help us or not during times of need. The international community may have become concerned because they feel that democracy or multi-party system is being threatened. But we ourselves should be able to decide the path suitable for our nation. We are capable of taking a decision.

We can also solve our own problems. If we talk about the financial blockade, we have been inconveniencing the Nepali citizens by following international pressures. Now those days must come to an end. No one should be allowed to benefit by placing obstacles on our development process.

Today we may be in sorrow but if we unite,

development can be forwarded. A stable conclusion should be reached. As we know, the education of students has been pushed way back. When we should be setting a good example, we are only degrading the nation by fighting. hence, we should opt for mutual understanding and choose for restoration of peace through conference.

The present debate is whether the nation has multiparty system or not. What do you say to this?

There is no question about the existence or non-existence of multiparty system. Democracy and multiparty system are intact. His Majesty himself has ordered that the present emergency should be lifted as soon as possible. As His Majesty has taken this step to provide a progressive solution and create an uncorrupted, peaceful society; we should all contribute to this. We will not appreciate multi-party system until we practice democracy.

At the end, do you want to state anything ?

Through this magazine, Yatra, I wish to appeal to all fellow citizens that there is nothing greater than patriotism. I believe that no rule, policy or law should be formulated by overruling the wishes of the citizens. If we have to amend the constitution, it needs to be done now.

In fact, this should be treated as an opportunity. As the nation cannot progress without a responsible government; it is today's burning need.

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dWo

klZrd g]kfnsf] s]Gb| g]kfnu~hdf ;a}vfn] /ª¿k b]Vg ;lsG5 . rfx] kxf8, lxdfn of t/fO{sf ljljwvfn] ¿k x'g\ of b]zsf] åGåsf] ¿k . tL ;a} k9\g–a'em\g of dgg ug{ g]kfnu~h uP k'U5 . hftLo of wfld{s ljz]iftf plQs} k|:km'l6t 5g\ oxf“ . g]kfn clw/fHosf ;h{s k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] eg]em}“ g]kfn rf/ hft 5QL; j0f{sf] km"njf/L xf] eGg] efjgf oxf“ /fd|;} u“ emlNsG5, b]Vg ;lsG5 . ut ebf} !% ut] O/fsdf cftª\ssf/Låf/f !@ hgf g]kfnLsf] xTof ePkl5 ef]lnkN6 sf7df8f}d+ f ;fDk|bflos ;befj layf]lng] u/L em8k, tf]8kmf]8 eP t/ g]kfnu~hn] ;a}nfO{ lzIff lbg] u/L ljleGg wfld{s ;Dk|bfosf] ;fd"lxs h'n;' lgsfNof], h;df g]kfnLkg lyof], g]kfnL df6f]sf] af]nL lyof] . ;a}nfO{ 3R3Rofpg] dfWod lyof] . g]kfnLnfO{ kL8f k/]sf] a]nfdf cfkm}a“ Lr em8k ug'{ kL8fdfly emg\ kL8f yKg] sfd ofqf clk|n–h'g @))%

xf], g]kfnu~h o; dfldnfdf w}oj{ fg b]lvof] . ;a}nfO{ lzIff lbg] u/L ;+oQ ' m h'n;' lgsflnof] . oltdfq xf]Og, clxn] g]kfnsf] kL8f af]Ng] e"ld klg g]kfnu~h xf] . oxf“ åGåaf6 l;lh{t y/Ly/Lsf kL8f 5g\ . of] x'b“ fx'b“ } klg dfG5]df cfzf 5– kl/l:yltnfO{ ;xh} ku]N{ g ;lsg] . cfk\mgf] 7fp“kl| t df]x 5, h'g b]z agfpgsf nflu rflxg}kg]{ s'/f xf] . g]kfnu~hjf;L /h]gfsf] egfO -x]g;{' \ aS;_ af6 klg Tof] s'/f 5n{ªl\ uG5 . h'g efjgf clxn] ;a} g]kfnLdf rflxPsf] 5 . o:t} ko6{sLo lx;fan] klg of] 7fp“ dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . o;s} cf;kf;df ;du| g]kfn lrgfpg] emf“sL b]Vg ;lsG5 . xf], To;}n] g]kfnu~h df6f] af]Ng] e"ld xf] . ;du| b]z af]Ng] 7fp“ xf] . kL8f ;f6\g] / cfTd;ft\ ug]{ 7fp“ xf] . ljleGg wdf{jnDaLsf nflu cfcfkm\g} eujfg\ k'Hg] kljq:yn xf] . cfk;L efOrf/f j[l4 ug]{ :yfg xf] . buddhaair.com

g]kfnu+h

Dff6f] af]Ng] e"ld n Nf]vgfy clwsf/L

buddhaair.com

clk|nâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;h'g @))% ofqf

hfg] s;®L <

df};d

g]kfnu~hdf udL{ dlxgf clk|n–h"gdf ;'Vvf x'G5 . tfkqmd $) l8u|L ;]lG6u]8| ;Dd k'U5 . To;}n] Tolt a]nf xNsf sk8f g} pko'Qm x'G5 . gf]eD] a®b]lv km]ac '| ®L;Dd hf8f] x'g] x'b“ f pmgsf] of afSnf] sk8f cfjZos k5{ . oxf“ ;f“em–laxfgsf] df};d ®dfOnf] 5 .

afu]Zj®L dlGb® ® v8] dxfb]j

g]kfnu~hsf] rlr{t lxGb' dlGb®sf] gfd afu]Zj®L xf] . To;sf] ;fd'Gg]df Pp6f 7"nf] kf]v®L 5 . kf]v®Lsf] aLrdf plePsf] cj:yfdf h“u' fjfn dxfb]jsf] dlGb® 5 . h;nfO{ v8] dxfb]j klg elgG5 . afu]Zj®L dlGb®df ljut $! jif{cl3b]lv k'hf®Lsf] ¿kdf sfo{®t xl®x®gfy of]uL eG5g\– h“u' f ePsf dxfb]j g]kfndf oxf“ dfq} 5g\ . pgsf cg';f® o:t} k|sf®sf] h'u“ f ePsf dxfb]jsf] dlGb® ef®tsf] huGgfyk'®Lsf] au}r “ fdf klg 5 . of] dlGb® tTsfnLg a8fxflsd k|sfz zdz]®n] @))^ ;fndf agfPsf x'g \ . t® pgn]] lsg o:tf] dxfb]j agfP eGg] s'®f c1ft /x]sf] 5 .

lha|f] klg r9fp“5g\

afu]Zj®L b]jLsf] k|dv ' dlGb® slxn] ag]sf] eGg] s'®f k'hf®LnfO{ ;d]t yfxf 5}g . of] dlGb/ Psk6s lj ;+=@)!* ;fndf eTsfOPsf] lyof] .

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v8] dxfb]j

db/;fdf cWoog/t afnaflnsf

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ofqf clk|n–h'g @))%

sf7df8f}a+ f6 @^) lsld 6f9f /x]sf] g]kfnu~h hfgsf nflu b}lgs ^–& j6f km\nfO6 5g\ . To;dWo] a'4 Po®sf b}lgs rf/ j6f p8fg 5g\ . Toxf“ hfg uf8Lsf] ®fd|f] ;'ljwf 5 . ljdfg:yndf cf]ln{;s]kl5 6\ofS;L, 6]Dkf], a; of l®S;fdf r9]® d'Vo ahf®;Dd k'Ug ;lsG5 . 6\ofS;Ldf lgs} dx“uf] kg]{ ePsfn] cGo ;jf®L ;fwgdf dfG5]x¿ r9\g] u5{g \ . a; of 6]Dkf]df % ?lkof“ ® l®S;fdf #% ?lkof“;Dd ef8f lnG5g\ . ;x®df k'uk] l5 xf]6nx¿ k|z:t e]§fpg ;lsG5 . hxf“ ;fdfGo lx;fan] a:g Ps hgfnfO{ % ;o ?lkof“n] wfGg ;S5 . dWod tl®sfn] a:g ! xhf® ?lkof“ nfUg ;S5 . ljz]if lx;fan] a:bf @ xhf® b}lgs nfUg ;S5 . oL ;a} vfBfGgdf e® kg]{ s'®f x'g \ .

To;kl5 k'glg{df{0f sfo{ @)@% ;fnlt® eof] . t® of] dlGb® :yfkgf ePsf] kf}®fl0fssfndf g} xf]nf, dlGb®sf k'hf®L cg'dfg nufp“5g\ . afu]Zj®L dlGb® :j:yfgL j|t syfdf pNn]v ePcg';f® ;ltb]jLsf] hLa|f] ktg ePsf] 7fp“ xf] . dxfb]jn] ;ltb]jLnfO{ af]s®] lx“8b\ f hxf“–hxf“ h] cª\u v:of] To;}cg'¿ksf dlGb® tL–tL 7fp“df :yfkgf ul®Psf] :j:yfgL j|t syfdf pNn]v 5 . afu]Zj®L dlGb® ePsf] :yfg g]kfndf ®f0ff zf;g ;'? x“b' f;Dd ef®ttkm{ lyof] . tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL hª\uaxfb'® ®f0ffn] ef®tsf tTsfnLg cª\uh ]| zf;snfO{ l®emfP afkt af“s,] alb{of,s}nfnL ® s~rgk'®;d]tsf rf® lhNnf alS;;sf ¿kdf kfPkl5 tL lhNnf g]kfnlt® uflePsf x'g \ . g]kfndf ldNg'cl3;Dd ef®tsf] an®fdk'® lhNnfdf afu]Zj®L dlGb® kb{Yof] . k'hf®L of]uL eG5g\– clxn] klg g]kfn ® ef®tsf ;of}“ eQmhg of] dlGb®df cfp“5g\ . sltn] efsn u®]sf x'G5g\, sltn] anL r9fp“5g\ t sltn] ;fª\sl] ts ¿kdf cfkm\gf] lha|f] sf6]® ;d]t r9fp“5g\ . oxf“ h] efsn u¥of] ToxL k'U5 eGg] hgljZjf; 5 . k'hf®L ofqf k|ltlglwnfO{

elg®x]sf lyP– afu]Zj®L dlGb® ;j{;fwf®0fsf nflu laxfg–a]ns ' f v'N5, lbp“;f] aGb x'G5 . k"hfcfhf u'7Laf6 rln®x]sf] 5 .

5]pd} dxfljxf®

afu]Zj®L dlGb®sf] k|fª\u0faf6} leq k:g ;Sg]u®L u]6 ®flvPsf] af}4dfuL{x¿sf] k"hf:yndf xif{sLlt{ dxfljxf® ®x]sf] 5 . of] g]kfnu~hsf nflu wfld{s ;b\efjgfsf] HjnGt gd'gfsf] k|df0f klg xf] .

dl:hb ® db/;f, csf]{ klxrfg

g]kfnu~hsf] csf]{ klxrfg oxf“sf dl:hb ® db/;f klg x'g \ . hxf“ cGo lhNnfsf] t'ngfdf d';ndfgsf] a:tL lgs} 3gf 5 . tYofª\scg';f® o; lhNnfdf sl®a $) k|ltzt d'l:nd ;d'bfosf] a;f]af; ®x]sf] 5 . cGo wdf{jnDaL ® d'l:ndsf] ;ª\Vof xf®fxf®Ldf eP klg Psfk;df k"0f{¿kdf ;b\efj kfOG5 . oxf“sf gfd rn]sf dl:hb 3'l;6f]ndf ®x]sf] uf}l;of ® km}hg' jLl:yt km}hg' jL hfdf dl:hb x'g \ . asf{lbofdf Obufx ®x]sf] 5 . oxf“ Ob ® as®Obsf ;dodf d]nf nfU5 .

otf ®fa8L,ptf ®fa8L g]kfnu~hsf] ljz]iftf eGgf;fy}

w]®s } f] d'vdf em'lG8G5 —®fa8L . ®fa8L agfpg b"w ® lrgL clg ttfpg] ef“8f] eP k'U5 . g]kfnu~hsf] k[YjL rf]sdf ljut Ps jif{bl] v ®fa8Lsf] k;n yfKb} cfPsf lg®h h};jfn -k|:t't t:jL®_ eG5g\— b}lgs ! ;ob]lv 8]9 ;o;Dd cfDbfgL x'G5 . /fa8Lsf] ;fydf bxL klg x'g] ePsfn] ®fa8L lsG5g\ . sf]xL ToxL“ a;]® vfG5g\— pgL eG5g\ . ®fa8Lsf] d"No k|lt s]hL ! ;o @) ?k}of“ xf] . rngrNtLsf] efiffdf eGg'kbf{ v'jfh:t} xf] .

lbgel® klg a:b}gg\ h};jfn . pgL a:g] ;do s]jn $ ah]bl] v a]ns ' f * ah];Dd dfq xf] . rf/ 3G6fsf] cfDbfgL 8]9 ;o ?lkof“ 7Ls} xf], pgL ;Gt'i6 5g\ . @) jif{ pgsf afa'n] klg oxL k];f u®]® u'hf®f rnfPsf lyP ®] . ;x®sf ljleGg 7fp“df a]ns ' f ;8sd} o;vfn] ®fa8L k;n b]lvG5g\ . pgL lbgx'“ sl®a # ;o ?lkof“sf] e}; + Lsf] b"w lsG5g\ .

To;kl5 lqe'jg rf]ssf] ;8sdf k;n ®fVg hfG5g\ . t® lbp“;f] eg] lqe'jg rf]s cf;kf;sf k;ndf klg b]Vg kfOG5 . hxf“ ;fOgaf]8{ ®fv]® elgPsf] 5— oxf“ bxL, b"w ® ®fd|f] ®fa8L kfOG5 .

aL; hgfnfO{ l;ª\uf] k®f7f

ef®tsf] l;dfgf ?k}l8xf gk'Ub} af6f]df rplnsf eGg] 7fp“df Pp6f 5fk|f] 5 . 5'§v } fn] ljz]iftfn] oxf“sf] xn'jf ® k®f7f lgs} rlr{t 5 . lsgls To;sf ;fx'hL hlnn cxdbn] emG8} @) hgf dfG5]nfO{ k'Ug] vfnsf] Pp6f a8]dfgsf] tfjfdf k®f7f agfp“5g\ . pgsf] xn'jf—k®f7f lgs} rlr{t 5 . kfs]kl5 To;nfO{ 6'qm\ofp“b} hf]v®] pgL vfg lbG5g\ . ! ;o u|fdsf] & ?lkof“ k5{ . To;n] PshgfnfO{ k|z:t} k'Ug] vfhfsf]] sfd u5{ . ?k}l8xf lx+8s ] f slt t l®S;fnfO{ Ps}If0f x} EfGb} xn'jf–k®f7f vfgs} nflu klg em5{g \ . s:tf] 5 lhGbuL < ofqfsf] k|Zgdf hlnn d':s'®fp“b} af]n–] ®dfOn} 5 . tkfO{x+ ¿h:tf dfG5];u“ af®Daf® e]6 eO®xG5 . pgsf] xf]6ndf ;fdfGo xf]6ndf rflxg] a:g] s';L{, 6]an' , kfgLsf] wf®f cflb ;a} s'®f 5g\ .

:yfgLo gz]dg ;fKtflxssf ;Dkfbs df]xDdb xf?g eG5g\– gu® If]qleqd} bh{geGbf a9L dl:hb 5g\ . lhNnfel®df of] ;ª\Vof 7"nf] 5 . dl:hbdf d'l:nd wdf{jnDaLn] @$ 3G6fdf kf“rk6s k|fy{gf u5{g \ . g]kfnu~hdf O:nfd wd{ ® ;+:s[ltaf®]df d'l:nd afnaflnsfnfO{ hfgsf®L lbg] p2]Zon] y'k}| kf7zfnf -db/;f_ vf]lnPsf 5g\ . db/;fnfO{ c®aL efiffdf bf?n pn'd elgG5 . g]k] fnu~h gu®kflnsf j8f g+= !% l:yt Obufx ®f]8df cjl:yt bf?n pn'd afsf{ltofsf k|aGws Hofpn d':tkmf cfkm\gf] kf7zfnfdf $ ;o ^) hgf ljBfyL{ cWoog®t ®x]sf] atfp“5g\ . pgsf cg';f® To; db/;fdf ^ sIff;Dd k9fO x'G5 . *) hgf 5fqfjf;df a:5g\ .

Toxf“ ef®tb]lv ljBfyL{ cfP® k9\5g\ . sf];d { f cGo ljifo ®flvP klg c®aL ® pb'{ efiffdf yk k9fO x'G5 .

xfdL g]kfnL xf]Ogf}“ ® <

g]kfnu~hsf d'l:nd wd{u?' sf 5f]®f ;d]t ®x]sf bf?pn'd afsf{ltofsf k|aGws Hofpn ^ sIff kl9;s]kl5 sltko ;®sf®L ljBfnon] ljBfyL{ egf{ gul®lbg] u®]sfn] db/;fdf k9\gn ] ] k9\g} gkfpg] l:ylt;d]t pTkGg

x'g] u®]sf] atfp“5g\ . o:tf] e]befj ul®g' gx'g] xf] . cflv® xfdL klg g]kfnL g} xf} “ . pgn] b'Mv];f] kf]v ] . t® pgn] s]rflx“ :jLsf®] eg] lhNnf lzIff sfof{nodf cfkm\gf] db/;f btf{ gePsfn] klg o:tf] ePsf] xf] . btf{ u®fPsf :s'naf6 uPsf ljBfyL{sf] egf{ cGo ljBfnon] lnO®x]sf 5g\ . xfd|} klg lnO®x]sf 5g\ . t® slxn]sfxL“ lnGg eG5g\ . cfkm"x¿n] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf db/;f btf{ u®fPsf] t® lhNnf lzIff sfof{nodf &% xhf®b]lv ! nfv;Dd ltg'k{ g]{ ePsfn] k};f geP® btf{ ug{ g;lsPsf] pgsf] egfO 5 .

hsftaf6 rN5g\ db/;f

db/;f rnfpg] vr{ sxf“af6 cfp“5 < pgL eG5g\– ljb]zL, ;®sf®L s]xL klg ;xof]u xf]Og . d'l:nd wdf{jnDaLn] jif{el®sf] cfDbfgLsf] c9fO k|ltzt hsft cyf{t wfld{s s® ltg'k{ g]{ lgod 5 . ToxL hsftaf6 p7]sf] ®sdn] lzIff k|bfg ug],{ cgfynfO{ :jf:Yosf] Joj:yf ug],{ vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yf ug]{ nufotsf sfd eO®x]sf]

Hofpn atfp“5g\ . g]kfnu~hsf d';ndfgx¿ cGoqsf em}“ aqmObsf] ;dodf xh ug{ dSsf dlbgf hfg] u5{g \ . dSsf hfg emG8} ! nfv ?lkof“ vr{ nfU5 . xfdL Toxf“ hfg] vr{sf] a]nd } f hf]xf] u5f},{ Psk6s ;fpbL c®]laofdf xh u®]® kms]s { f Hofpnn] eg] . g]kfnu~hsf s]xL db/ ;fnfO{ o'g:] sf]n] ;xof]u u®]sf] eP klg cGo cGt®f{li6«o ;xof]u eg] g®x]sf] ;~rfnssf] syg kfOG5 . db/;fsf af/]df l5d]sL ef®tn] a]nfa]nfdf zª\sf p7fpg] u®]sf] k|;ª\udf Hofpn eG5g\– zª\sf ug'{ gh®sf] bf]if xf] .

wDaf]hLsf] ;]s'jf

:j= >L % jL®]Gb|sf] ;flns ePsf] 7fp“nfO{ g]kfnu~hdf wDaf]hL rf]s elgG5 . vfhf vfg] a]nf ePb]lv ;f“em ca]®;Dd To; cf;kf;df ®x]sf ;]sj' f k;ndf dfG5]sf] eL8 nfU5– v;Lsf] ;]sj' f vfg . ;f“em hfg]x¿ l8«ª; \ ;“u l;tgsf] ¿kdf ;]sj' fsf] k|of]u u5{g \ . ;]sj' fsf] k|ltKn]6 &) ?lkof“ k5{ . e6df;, e'lhof, crf®, Kofhnufotsf vfg]s/' fx¿ ;fydf cfp“5g\ . wDaf]hL rf]s j®k®sf ;]sj' f ;fx'hLx¿ eG5g\– k|lt lbg Pp6f k;ns} nflu tLgrf/ j6f;Dd v;L sf6\gk' 5{ .

h8La'6Lsf] ¿6

dWoklZrd ® ;'b®" klZrddf kfOg] g]kfnsf sof}“ h8La'6L g]kfnu~h x'b“ } ef®ttkm{ nlug]

bf? pn'd asf{ltofsf k|jGws Hofpn

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buddhaair.com

clk|n–h'g @))% ofqf

dWoklZrd ® ;'b"®klZrddf kfOg] g]kfnsf sof}“ h8La'6L g]kfnu~h x'“b} ef®ttkm{ nlug] u®]sf] 5 . s0ff{nL c~rnsf w]®} h8La'6L g]kfnu~h x'“b}

ef®t k'U5g\ .

Toxf“ cfjf;sf] Joj:yf 5}g . pgL eG5g\– xfdL l56} gof“ ;8s g]kfnu~hdf l;4fy{ xf]6n vf]Nb} 5f} “ . To;df cfjf;sf] klg Joj:yf ul®g]5 . sf7df8f}s + f] ;'Gwf®fdf pgsf] l;4fy{ u]i6xfp; ® tLgs'gd ] f l;4fy{ s6]h klg 5 . cfDbfgLaf®]sf] k|Zgdf pgL] v'n:t x'g rfx]gg\, ®fd|} 5, wfGg ;lsPsf] 5 eg] . sltn] Toxf“ uPkl5 eGbf ®x]5g\– l;4fy{ s6]h 5f]®L glbP klg ;;'®fnL h:t} ®x]5 . dL7f]—dL7f] vfg kfOg] . u®]sf] 5 . s0ff{nL c~rnsf w]®} h8La'6L g]kfnu~h x'b“ } ef®t k'U5g\ . s0ff{nL c~rndf w]®} lsl;dsf h8La'6L kfOg] laZjf; ul®G5 . l;nflht, lr®fOtf], clt;nufotsf h8La'6L ef®t hfG5g\ . :yfgLo gz]dg ;fKtflxssf ;Dkfbs df]xDdb xf?g eG5g\– oL h8La'6Lsf] laqmLn] u|fdL0f txsf hgtfsf] cfo:t® j[l4df 7"nf] e®y]u u®]sf] 5 .

kmfKof] g]kfnu~h

sLlt{k®' sf] kf“ufaf6 @)@@ ;fndf g]kfnu~h em®]sf ci6dfg dxh{g clxn] Toxf“sf e®kbf{ dfnL ag]sf 5g\ . hflu®sf l;nl;nfdf otf cfOof] ® ot} al;of]– g;{®Ldf km"n uf]8b\ } x“l;nf] d'bf| df pgn] eg] . dfnLs} hflu® vfg pgL Totf uPsf lyP . clxn] t pgL lgj[Q klg eO;s] . g]kfnu~h gu®kflnsf j8f g+= !# l:yt SofDk; ®f]8df kg]{ cGgk"0f{ 6f]ndf pgsf] 3® 5 . cufl8 k;n 5 . k5fl8k§L ;'Gb/ dxh{g g;{®L 5 . sxf“af6 Nofpg'xG' 5 km"n < pgL eG5g\– sltko oxL“ aLp NofP® pdf5' { . sltrflx“ ef®tsf] jgf®;b]lv NofPsf] 5' . pgsf]df km"n lng bfªb]lv dfG5] cfp“5g\ . ofqf k|ltlglw ToxL“ ePsf a]nfdf pgL Pshgf bª]nL u|fxsnfO{ eGb} lyP– x'Gg xh'®, u'nfasf] lj?jf @% ?k}of“ k|lt uf]6feGbf sddf x'b“ x} G' g . cfDbfgLsf af/]df 6'ªu\ f] gx'g] pgn]

a'sf{nfO{ ;nfd

tkfO{n + ] lsg nufpg'ePsf] a'sf{ < ofqf k|ltlglwsf] of] k|Zg;“u} pgL 6Ss pleOg\ . t® s]xL klg af]lngg\ . km6fkm6 lx+l8g\ . pgn] cfkm\gf] kl®ro klg lbOgg\ . of] hDsfe]6 g]kfnu~hsf] k[YjL rf]sdf ePsf] lyof], s]xL ;ftf klxn] . ckmuflg:tfg, kfls:tfg of vf8L d'ns ' sf d'l:nd ;d'bfosf dlxnfn] nfpg] u®]sf] a'sf{sf] rrf{ af®Daf® kqklqsfdf cfpg] u®]sf]

ofqf clk|n–h'g @))%

atfP . slxn] w]®} x'G5, slxn] yf]® } . glkmg]{ sf7df8f}“ < k|Zg g;ls“b} pgL af]n— ] vf]O{ ot} kmfKof],] lkml®Pnfh:tf] 5}g .

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ofqf clk|n–h'g @))%

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clk|n–h'g @))% ofqf

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clk|n–h'g @))% ofqf

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k|df0f rflxG5 . clxn];Dd rrf{sf] s'®fdfq} cfPsf xf]nfg\, To;nfO{ k'li6 ug]{ k|df0f kfOPsf] 5}g . tkfO{x+ ¿sf] c:ktfn gfkmf–3f6f s;®L rln®x]sf] 5 < cf7 z}ofaf6 ;g\ !(() df ;'? ePsf] c:ktfndf clxn] ! ;o %) z}of k'us ] f 5g\ . $ ;o sfdbf®n] ®f]huf®L kfO®x]sf 5g\ . lj®fdLn] pkrf/ kfPsf 5g\ . lg;Gtfgn] ;Gtfg kfO®x]sf 5g\ . of] cj:yfdf gfkmf3f6fsf] s'®f ug'{ 7Ls h:tf] nfUb}g . tfklg d oyfYf{ s'®f eGg rfxG5'– xfd|f] !# s®f]8 C0f a}s + df 5 . o;sf] ;fjf“ Aofh ltg'{ 5 . d o;af®]df oltdfq eGg rfxG5' . lrlsT;sx¿aLr cToGt} c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ 5 elgG5 lg, o;af®]df s] eGg'xG' 5 < lrlsT;sdfq xf]Og JolQm, ;dfh, ufp“,

‘;+s6sf] lgsf; uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng’ n

8f= ef]nf l/hfn

ofqf clk|n–h'g @))%

bn, hxf“;s ' } c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ 5 . Pp6f o:tf] 7fp“ 5}g hxf“ c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ gePsf] xf]; \ . o;nfO{ d}n] cfGtl®s lj;ª\ult 7fg]sf] 5' . of] l:ylt w]®} lbg ®xg' x“b' g} . xfd|f] dfgl;stf s] ®x\of] eg] cfkm"dfq} af“rf},“ b]z ® hgtfnfO{ h] eP klg xf];\ eGg] eof] . d af“Rg' k¥of], d zf;gdf cfpg'k¥of] eGg] dfgl;stfn] ubf{ of] l:ylt pTkGg ePsf] xf] . o;df ;'wf® cfpg' cfjZos 5 . o:tf] c:j:y k|lt:kwf{sf] hunfO{ xfdLn] lgd"n { kfg'k{ 5{ . ;®sf®n] :jf:Yo If]qdf plrt Wofg lbP,glbPsf af®]df s] eGg'xG' 5 < v}, d}n] s] eGg] < d t lbgel® la®fdLsf] sfd ug]{ dfG5] . km';b{ df ;flxTo n]vg, uLt n]vgnufotsf sfd u5' { . t® olt rflx“ eGg ;S5'– :jf:Yo If]qh:tf] pk]lIft If]q

c¿ s'g} 5}g . cfh xfdLn] afnalnsfnfO{ :jR5 lkpg] kfgL;Dd lbg ;ls®x]sf 5}gf“ } . sof}“ afnaflnsfsf] o;}sf sf®0f d[To' eO®x]sf] 5 . sof}“ cfdf k|;l" t;]jf lng gkfP® dl®®x]sf 5g\ . s;sf] dfq} gfd lncf}“ d < To;}n] :jf:Yo If]qdf ;'wf®sf nflu ufp“–ufp“, lhNnf–lhNnfdf :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] ljz]if Joj:yf ug'k{ 5{ . ha;Dd g]kfnn] g]kfnLsf nflu g]kfnLx¿ a;]® of]hgf agfO“bg} , ta;Dd s'g} ;'wf® x'b“ g} . bft[ ®fi6«x¿n] sf]®s ] f x®kmx¿ g]kfnLdf pNyf u®L agfOPsf cfh;Ddsf :jf:Yo gLlt g} xfd|f] :jf:Yo ;]jfdf ;'wf®sf nflu afws s'®f x'g \ . tkfO{+ t Pp6f Vofltk|fKt uLtsf® klg x'gx' G' 5, slt uLt n]Vg' ef] clxn];Dd, clg slt k'¥ofpg] ;f]rdf x'gx' G' 5 < —7\ofSs} uLtsf] ;ª\Vof eGg t ufx|f] 5 . #÷$ ;o uLt n]v“] xf]nf . 8]9 ;o hlt t ®]s8{;d]t eO;s]sf 5g\ . slxn];Dd n]Vg], slt af“R5' eGg] s'®f d]®f] xftdf 5}g . of] ;a} eujfgsf] s[kf xf] . h'g lbg eujfgsf] cfb]z ®2 x'G5 xfdL ylGsG5f} “ . uLt n]Vg] km';b{ slt a]nf lgsfNg'xG' 5 < uLt, sljtf eGg] s'®f km';b{ lgsfn]® n]lvg] s'®f xf]Og ®x]5 . To;®L ;do lgsfn]® n]lvPsf uLtdf x[bosf] ®f]bg ® hLjGt syf kfpg d'lZsn x'G5 . hlt a]nf klg s]xL sf]g{] OR5f ePkl5 d sf]5 {' . slxn]sfxL“ ®flt lgGb|fdf Ao'em]® klg n]V5' . o:t} xf] d]®f] n]vg z}nL . tkfO+{ cfkm}nfO{ dg k®]sf] cfkm\gf] uLt s'g xf] lg < %÷!) j6f ePsf] eP oxL uLt ®fd|f] eGg ;Sy“ ] . ;a} k|sf®sf uLt 5g\ . nf]s, cfw'lgs, ®fli6«o, ehg ;a} ljwfsf uLt n]lvPsfn] 5fGg ax't ufx|f] 5 . t® slxn]sfxL“ u'gu'gfp5'— d]®f] kf}jfkf6LnfO{, d]®f] ufp“n] ;fyLnfO{, j®kLknsf] hf]8LnfO{, elgb]pm kms{b5 } ' ufp“df . csf]{ eQm®fh cfrfo{n] ;ª\uLt lbg'ePsf] …d}n] cf“vfsf] efsf a'lemg, d}n] xf“;f] ® ®f]bg al'emgÚ eGg] uLt klg d u'gu'gfp“5 ' . To;}u®L,… s] ;fOgf]n] af]nfp“, s] gfd lbp“ ltdLnfO{Ú eGg] af]nsf] uLt klg 5 . …km"nsf] dfnf ;lhPsf] kmf]6f] dfq em'N5, hf] d®]lg g]kfnLs} l;p“bf] vfln x'G5 . g]kfnL s} 5f]®f] d5{ h:n] df®] klg hLt x'Gg g]kfnLsf] h;n] xf®] klg, cfdf h;n] xf®] klg====Ú eGg] uLt klg dg k5{ . …PsfGtdf slxn]sfxL“ ?g dg nfU5— slxNo} b]vs ] f 5f} ltdLn] hLjgdf ;w}“ k®fho,Ú eGg] uLt u'gu'gfP® . k|;ª\u abnf“,} g]kfnsf] clxn]sf] l:yltnfO{ oxf“n] s;®L x]ge {' Psf] 5 < —s;®L x]g{] rf®}lt® sf]nfxn 5 . dfG5] 8f“sf] 5f]8®] ®f]Psf 5g\ . st} klg s;}sf] d'xf® x“l;nf] b]lvPsf] 5}g . x®]s JolQm ;f“em kbf{ ef]ln ;Dem]® sxflng] cj:yf 5 . of] a'4 hlGdPsf] 7fp“, ;Ltfsf] hGdynf]df o; k|sf®sf] l:Yflt cfpnf eg]® s;}n] klg ;f]rs ] f] lyPg xf]nf . ljb]Zfdf o:t} l:ylt yfxf kfp“bf xfdL sxflnGYof} “ .

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eGYof“} x] eujfg\, o:tf] l:ylt cGoq st} klg gcfcf]; \ . t® xfdLnfO{ s] yfxf xfd}| b]z Tof]EfGbf klg uPu'hs ]| f] x'g5 ] . cfkm}a+ Lr sf6df® x'G5 eGg] . cfhsf] l:yltnfO{ d"Nofª\sg ubf{ oltdfq eGg ;S5'– x] eujfg\ c¿ s]xL gb]pm, t® b]zsf] l:ylt rf“8f]eGbf rf“8f] ;'wf® u®L zflGt b]pm . oxf“n] b]zdf ;'wf® ug'k{ g]{ 7fp“ sxf“–sxf“ b]Vg' ePsf] 5 < —sxf“–sxf“ atfp“ < s'g} o:tf] 7fp“ 5}g, h'g :jR5 xf]; \ . h'g ;'wf® ug{ gk®f]; \ . s]xL 7fp“ lyP, w]®} cufl8 . cfh tL 7fp“ klg sxfnLnfUbf ePsf 5g\ . :jR5 7fp“ klg b"lift eO;s]sf 5g\ . k"®f uf]®6] f] ®utfDo eO;s]sf] 5 . laxfg a]ns ' f xfjf rNbf klg k|bi" f0f 3f]lnPsf] 5 ls h:tf] nfU5 . ca t ;f; km]g{ klg ufx|f] k®]sf] 5 . clxn] b]zsf] ®fhgLlts ;+®rgfdf 7"nf] ;'wf®sf] cfjZostf b]lvPsf] 5 . cfly{s If]qdf ePsf lj;ª\ultn] lzIff, :jf:Yo, ljsf;sf k"jf{wf®nufotdf gsf®fTds c;® k®]sf] 5 . s]xL ePsf ljsf;sf k"jf{wf® klg etfe'ªu ePsf 5g\, To;}n] sxf“–sxf“ dfq} ;'wfg]{ < df3 !( sf] zfxL 3f]if0ffnfO{ oxf“n] s;®L lng'ePsf] 5 < —zfxL 3f]if0ffnfO{ s;®L lnPsf] eGg'eGbf klg ®fi6«sf nflu slt cfjZos lyof] eGg] s'®f dxTjk"0f{ s'®f xf] . !$ jif{df ljleGg lvrftfgLn] p“wf] nfu]sf] b]znfO{ s;} g s;}n] cfkm\gf] hLjg alnbfg u®]® arfpg NFFUg}kg]{ ePsf] lyof] . aflx®sf] sf]xL cfP® xfdLnfO{ bf; agfP® zf;g ug{ vf]Hg'eGbf xfdLnfO{ xfd|} ®fhfn] zf;g ug{' ®fd|f] s'®f xf] . ®fhfaf6 afWofTds ¿kdf of] sbd rflnPsf] xf] ® o;nfO{ ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx¿n] of] ®fi6«nfO{ hf]ufpg rflnaS;]sf] sbdsf ¿kdf lng'kb{5 . xfdL Psh'6 eP® cl3 a9\g] a]nf oxL xf] . cGt®f{li6«o ;d'bfon] o;k|lt c;Gt'li6 JoQm ul®®x]sf] 5 lg < —xfd|f] b]z ef}uf]lns ljifdtf ePsf] b]z xf] . of] b]z rLg ® ef®th:tf b'O{ 7"nf l5d]sLaf6 3]l®Psf] 5 . xfdL c;+nUg k®®fi6« gLltaf6 cl3 al9®x]sf 5f} “ . xfdLn] ;a} l5d]sL tyf cGt®f{li6«o ;d'bfo;“u ;b\efj ®fv]® lx“l8®x]sf 5f} “ . clxn]sf] h:tf] c;xh l:ylt ;bfsf nflu geO{ 5f]6f] ;dosf nflu eGg] s'®f ;®sf®af6 cfPsf] 5 . o;}n] c;n l5d]sLsf] klxrfg klg k®]sf] a]nfdf ;xof]u u5{g\ ls ub}g{ g\ To;}df lge{® ub{5 . cGt®f{li6«o ;d'bfon] lrGtf JoQm ug's { f] sf®0f k|hftGq dfl;g] ef], ax'bn dfl;g] ef] eg]® x'g;S5 . t® cfkm\gf] ®fi6«sf nflu s'g af6f] lx“8b\ f 7Ls 5 eGg] s'®fsf] lg0f{o ug]{ sfd xfdL cfkm}n “ ] ug'k{ 5{ . of] lg0f{o ug{ xfdL cfkm}“ ;Ifd 5f} “ . ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg klg xfdL cfkm“} ug{ ;S5f} “ . hxf“;Dd cfly{s gfsfaGbLsf] s'®f 5, xfdL w]®} cGt®f{li6«o s'®f ;'g®] g]kfnL hgtfdfly g} lyrf]ldrf] ub}{ cfO®x]sf 5f} “ . ca tL lbgsf]

cGTo x'gk' 5{ . xfd|f] ljsf; qmddf bafa lbP® cj®f]w pTkGg u®]® ca s;}nfO{ klg cfkm\gf] b'gf] ;f]em\ofpg] cj;® lbg'xb'“ g} . cfh b'Mv xf]nf t® xfdL ;a} h'6d ] f Tof] l:ylt ;w“} ®x“bg} . dfcf]jfbL åGå 5“b} lyof] ca bn;“usf] ;d]t åGå ylkPsfn] emg ;d:of pTkGg x'b“ g} < —cjZo klg ;d:of pTkGg x'G5 . Pp6f g]kfnL csf]; { u“ n8\g,' Pscsf{sf] b':dg x'g' sxf“ ®fd|f] s'®f xf] ® < dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;a} kIf ;dembf®Ldf k'Ug' h?®L 5 . of] ;d:of jftf{sf] dfWodaf6 ;dfwfg ug'k{ b{5 . t® dfcf]jfbL;“u jftf{ x'g} g;ls®x]sf] a]nfdf bnx¿;“u åGå a9\g' emg ufx|f] s'®f xf] . d dfcf]jfbL ® bnx¿ ;a}nfO{ cg'®f]w ub{5–' ®fi6«nfO{ hf]ufpgsf nflu, ®fi6«sf] ljsf;sf nflu ;a} Ps eP® cfhsf] ;Df:of ;dfwfg ug'k{ b{5 . d'ns ' sf] clxn]sf] ;d:ofsf] lgsf; s] x'g ;S5 < lgsf; eg]sf] g} xfdL ;a}aLrsf] ;dembf®L xf] . bn, dfcf]jfbL ® >L % aLr uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng

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gtfnfO{ pk]lIft u®]® s'g} klg lgod, sfg'g, ljwfg aGg' x“'b}g eGg] d]®f] dfGotf 5 . x'gk' 5{ . zflGt :yfkgf, ljsf; ultljlw s;®L cl3 a9fpg] eGg] af®]df 5nkmn u®L lgSof}n { lgsflng'k5{ . ljBfyL{sf] k7gkf7g w]®} k5fl8 ws]lnPsf] 5 . o; a]nfdf xfdL cfkm" ®fd|f] s'®fsf] pbfx®0f aGg'kg]a{ n ] fdf cfkm}+ n8\bf b]znfO{ cwf]ultlt® ws]Ng] sfd eO®x]sf] 5 . xfdL ;a}aLr Pp6f ;dembf®L x'g' cfjZos 5 . of] jftf{n] g} d'ns ' df zflGt k'g:yf{kgf ug'k{ 5{ . clxn] b]zdf ax'bnLo Joj:yf 5÷5}g eg]® ljjfb pTkGg eO®x]sf] 5, tkfO{+ rflx“ s] eGg'xG' 5 < —ax'bnLo Joj:yf 5÷5}g eGg] k|Zg g} p7\bg} . k|hftGq 5, ax'bnLo Joj:yf sfod g} 5 . >L % af6 g} clxn]sf] ;ª\s6sfn rf“8f]eGbf rf“8f] x6fpg] x'sd ' ePsf] 5 . b]znfO{ Pp6f cu|ufdL lgsf; lbgsf nflu, e|i6frf®ljxLg zfGt ;dfhsf] :yfkgf ug{sf nflu eg]® >L % af6 of] sbd rflnaS;]sf] x'b“ f xfdL ;a}n] o;df ;xof]u ug'k{ 5{ . ha;Dd xfdL k|hftGqsf] cEof; ug{ hfGb}gf}, ta;Dd ax'bnLo Joj:yfsf] s'®f a'em\bg} f} “ . cGTodf s]xL eGg rfxg'xG' 5 ls < o; ofqf Dofu]lhgdfkm{t d b]zjf;LnfO{ s] cg'®f]w ub{5' eg] ®fli6«otfeGbf 7"nf] s'®f s]xL x'b“ g} . hgtfnfO{ pk]lIft u®]® s'g} klg lgod, sfg'g, ljwfg aGg' x“b' g} eGg] d]®f] dfGotf 5 . ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug'k{ 5{ eg] klg oxL a]nfdf ug'k{ 5{ . o;sf nflu of] Pp6f cj;® klg xf] . ®fi6«df pQ®bfoL ;®sf® gag];Dd s]xL klg gx'g] x'b“ f pQ®bfoL ;®sf® klg clxn]sf] cfjZostf xf] .

clk|n–h'g @))% ofqf

g c

g

k|jf;sf] lr7L

k|jf;sf] lr7L

/fd|f] ;'Gg kfOof];\ lk|o ldq,

xfdL

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gof“ jif{ ;g\ @))% dgfpg cf]dfgdf e]nf ePsf g]kfnL

oxf“ Tolt ®fd|f] t 5}g . t}klg a:g} k¥of] s] ug]{ < eg]hlt tna glbg] , g]kfnL eGgf;fy} b'Mv lbg]h:tf sfd gx'g] u®]sf xf]Ogg\ . ToxL klg ;xg} k¥of] . of] Pp6f vf8L d'ns ' xf] . oxf“sf] sfg'gL Joj:yf lgs} s8f 5 . oxf“nfO{ yfxf 5“b5 } — ut jif{ afx| hgf g]kfnLsf] O®fsdf cfdxTof ul®Psf] . oxf“ klg s]xL pu|kGyL ;d"x gePsf xf]Ogg\ . To;}n] xfdL ;+ul7t eP® a:g'k®]sf] 5 . of] xfd|f nflu clgjfo{h:t} ePsf] 5 . cf]dfgdf g]kfnsf] b"tfjf; klg 5}g . ToxL eP® klg xfdL cfk;df ;+ul7t x'g' emg clgjfo{h:t} ePsf] 5 . clxn] cf]dfg ;fpbLc®]laofl:yt zfxL g]kfnL b"tfjf;n] x]b{} cfO®x]sf] 5 . t® Toxf“ klg Hofb} yf]®} sd{rf®L ePsfn] pt} x]b{} pgLx¿nfO{ l7Ss 5 . cf]dfgdf b"tfjf; vf]Ng xfdLn] ;®sf®nfO{ cg'®f]w u®] klg s'g} ;'gj' fO ePsf] 5}g . Ps lbg s;f] g;'lgPnf xfdL cfzf ul®®x]sf 5f} “ . nf} t ldq clxn]nfO{ olQ . s]xL ePdf km]l® va® ug]{ g} 5' . pxL b]jgf®fo0f ltjf®L cWoIf,g]kfnL ;dfh cf]dfg ofqfsf ;DkfbsnfO{ k|fKt k|:t't Od]n kq :ffGble{s 7fg]® k|sflzt u®]sf 5f} + .

;+:d/0f ;+:d/0f

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Psk6s hd{gLl:yt ®fhb"t cl:6«ofdf cf]xbfsf] k|df0fkq r9fpg hf“bf clwsf+z ;do Toxf“sf ®fi6«kltn] aLkL sf]O®fnfsf] :jf:Yo l:ylt a'em\g vr]{sf] ® cfkm"nfO{ cK7]®f] ePsf] Ps hgf ®fhb"tn] dnfO{ eGg'ePsf] lyof] . k|hftflGqs g]tfx¿sf] o'®f]k;“u olt ®fd|f] ;DaGw eP klg klZrdf ®fi6«x¿n] k|hftGqsf nflu plt;fx|f] hf]8 Tolt a]nf u®]sf lyPgg\ .

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n]hdf k9fp“bf–k9fp“b} cfkmGtx¿n] s® u®]kl5 nf]s;]jf n8]® d @* jif{sf] pd]®df ;g\ !(^& df k®®fi6« dGqfnodf zfvf clws[tsf] ¿kdf k|jz ] u®]sf] x' “ . !((& df k|mfG;sf] ®fhb"tsf] sfo{sfn k"®f u?~h]n;Dd d}n] s'n #) jif{ k®®fi6« ;]jfdf latfP“ . o; aLrdf d}n] y'k}| ;'vb\–b'Mvb clg cf®f]x–cj®f]xsf cg'ej ;“ufNg] df}sf kfPsf] 5' . k®®fi6« dGqfnodf kf]l:6ª ePsf] b'O{ jif{kl5 g} !(^( df d hd{gLl:yt b"tfjf;df pkk|dv ' sf] x}l;otdf lgo'Qm eP“ . Tolt a]nf k~rfotsfn eP klg o'®f]k;“usf] g]kfnsf] ;DaGw /fd|} lyof] . clxn] h:tf] o'®f]kn ] Lx¿n] rsf{ s'®f ub}g{ y] . ®fhfsf] k|ToIf zf;g eP klg pgLx¿ g]kfn zflGtk"0f{ 5, l:y® 5 eGg] s'®fdf 9'Ss lyP . k|hftGq clxn]sf]h:tf] k|fyldstfsf] ljifo lyPg Tolt a]nf . hals hd{gLdf ljnL a|fG6h:tf g]tf lyP h;sf] g]kfnL sf+u; ]| ;“u lgs} ®fd|f] ;DaGw lyof] . Psk6s hd{gLl:yt ®fhb"t cl:6«ofdf cf]xbfsf] k|df0fkq r9fpg hf“bf clwsf+z ;do Toxf“sf ®fi6«kltn] aLkL sf]O®fnfsf] :jf:Yo l:ylt a'Efm\g vr]s { f] ® cfkm"nfO{ cK7]®f] ePsf] Ps hgf ®fhb"tn] dnfO{ eGg'ePsf] lyof] . k|hftflGqs g]tfx¿sf] o'®f]k;“u olt ®fd|f] ;DaGw eP klg klZrdf ®fi6«x¿n] k|hftGqsf nflu plt ;fx|f] hf]8 Tolt a]nf u®]sf lyPgg\ .

PDg]:6L OG6®g];gnnufotsf ;+:yfx¿n] a]nfa]nfdf jQmJo k|sflzt uy] { . t® jQmJodf s]jn wd{ kl®jt{gsf] sf®0f kmnfgfnfO{ y'lgPsfn] 5f]8g\ cfu|x ul®Psf x'Gy] . Tolta]nf s"6gLlts If]qsf] k|dv ' sfd g]kfnn] ®fv]sf] zflGtIf]q k|:tfj :jLsf® u® eg]® ldq®fi6«nfO{ a'emfpg' g} lyof] . hd{gLaf6 !(&% df k®®fi6« dGqfnodf lkmtf{ eP® pk;lrjdf a9'jf x'gs ' f ;fy} o'®f]k cd]l®sf 8]:s k|dv ' sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u®] “ . !(&( ;Dd ToxL kbdf sfod ®x] “ . dnfO{ b"tfjf;sf] pkk|dv ' agfP® !(*) df jflª\66g k7fOof] . d Toxf“ ®x]s} a]nf g]kfn ®fi6«;3 + sf] Osf]:ofkdf lgo'Qm ePsfn] g]kfnsf tkm{af6 Toxf“ x]g{] u®L !(*! b]l] v !(*$ ;Dd Go'of]s{ k7fOP“ . ®fi6«;3 + sf] sfddf slxn] h]ge ] f slxn] Go'of]s{ bf}l8®xg'kYof] { . !(*$ df kmls{Pkl5 ;x;lrjdf a9'jf eP“ . o'®f]k cd]l®sf zfvf ® ®fhgLlts dfldnf x]g{ yfn]“ . k|hftGq k'Gf:yf{kgf ePkl5 !((! df k|dv ' lzi6frf® dxfkfn eP“ . Tolt a]nfsf k®®fi6« ;lrj g®]Gb| ljqmd zfxn] dnfO eGg'eof]– Pp6f s'®f 5 tkfO{n + fO{ eg}“ ls gegf“} < d}n] eGg cfu|x u®]kl5 d k|dv ' lzi6frf® dxfkfn lgo'Qm ePsf] s'®f pxf“n] ;'gfpg'eof] . Tof] lbg hd{g Pstf lbj;sf] lbg k®]sfn] a]ns ' fsf] Pp6f kf6L{df k|wfgdGqL lul®hfk|;fb sf]O®fnfn] g} dnfO{ s"6gLlts

clk|n–h'g @))% ofqf

Tof] s'®f :j=>L % jL®]Gb| ;Dd k'u]kl5 >L % af6 x's'd eP5– ætkfO{+x¿ ®fhgLlts ¿kdf lgo'Qm ePsfnfO{ 5'g';\ t® sl®o® l8Knf]Dof6nfO{ g5'g';\ .Æ To;kl5 eg] dnfO{ k"®f sfo{sfn sfd ug{ lbOof] .

k|ltlglwx¿dfem …pxf“ xfd|f] k|dv ' lzi6frf® dxfkfn eg]® lrgfOlbg'ePsf] lyof] . k|wfgdGqLn] lrgfpgf;fy} tTsfnLg cd]l®sL ®fhb"t h'lnof rfª Ansn] o:tf] ;lqmo dfG5]nfO{ lzi6frf®df yGSofpg gx'g] eg]® u'gf;f] ul®g\ . k|wfgdGqLnfO{ cK7]®f] kfg{ nfu]sfn] d}n] h'lnofnfO{ Tolt a]nf yfdy'd agfP“ . t® dnfO{ eg] lgo'lQm ®fd}| nfu]sf] lyof] . t® cd]l®sfdf Tof] kb Hofb} cf}krfl®s gd'gf kf®fsf] x'g] x“b' f h'lnofn] To;f] eg]sL ®lx5g\ . tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL sf]O®fnf d}n] v]ns ] f] e"ldsfaf6 lgs} k|efljt x'ge ' Psf] ®x]5 . To;}n] ;®sf®n] dnfO{ !((# df k|mfG;sf nflu ®fhb"t lgo'Qm u¥of] . cGo 7fp“df ®fhgLlts lgo'lQm eP klg k]l®;df sl®o® l8Knf]Dof6sf ¿kdf dnfO{ k7fOPsf] lyof] . d}n] Toxf“ ®fhb"t ePsf a]nfdf o'g:] sf]df g]kfnnfO{ lhtfpg] sfdsf cltl®Qm n'lDagLnfO{ ljZj;Dkbf ;"rLdf k|jz ] u®fP® 5f]8 ]“ . To;} a]nf Pdfn]sf] ( dlxg] zf;gsfn cfof] . dnfO{ lkmtf{ af]nfpg] tf®tDo ldnfOPsf] ®x]5 . sf®0f c¿ s]xL geP® d sf+u; ] ;®sf®sf kfnfdf lgo'Qm ePs} sf®0f dnfO{ lkmtf{ af]nfpg nfluPsf] lyof] .

Tof] s'®f :j= >L % jL®]Gb|;Dd k'uk] l5 >L % af6 x'sd ' eP5– …tkfO{x+ ¿ ®fhgLlts ¿kdf lgo'Qm ePsfnfO{ 5'g; ' \ t® sl®o® l8Knf]Dof6nfO{ g5'g; ' \ .Ú To;kl5 eg] dnfO{ k"®f sfo{sfn sfd ug{ lbOof] . sfo{sfn ;s]® d !((& df :jb]z kmls{P “ . %* jif{ pd]® k'us ] f] of #) jif]{ ;]jf cjlw k'us ] fnfO{ cjsfz lbg] lgod NofP® pd]® @ jif{ af“sL ®x“b} dnfO{ cjsfz lbOof] . hals Kf|an zdz]® -clxn] a]nfotsf ®fhb"t_ sf] klg #) jif]{ ;]jf ;ls“bf klg pxf“nfO{ cjsfz lbOPsf] lyPg . dnfO{ Tolt a]n ] f ;fx|} b'Mv nfUof] . b'O{ jif{ sfd ug{ kfPsf] eP d k®®fi6« ;lrj x'g] lglZrt lyof] t® kfOPg . o'g:] sf]df g]kfnnfO{ lhtfPsf] clg n'lDagLnfO{ ljZj;Dkbf ;"rLdf ®fv]sf] h; kfOPnf eg]sf] t cfpgf;fy cjsfz kf] kfOof] . s]xL 5}g . k~rfotsf] kfnfdf ® k|hftGq cfO;s]kl5 d b'j} k6s o'®f]kn ] L ®fi6«df g]kfnsf] k|ltlglw eP® uPsf]

lyP“ . tL b'O{ ;dodf o'®f]kn ] Lx¿n] g]kfnnfO{ s;®L x]y{] eg]® s]xL cg'ej ;'gfpg rfxG5' . k~rfotsfndf sltko s'®fn] cK7]®f] k®] klg k|hftGq cfPkl5 aflx®L ljZjnfO{ xfdLn] w]®} hjfkm lbO®xg'kg]{ s'®f g} ®x]gg\ . dfgj clwsf®nufotsf] ;"rsfª\sdf g]kfn x\jfQ} dfly plSnof] . t® To;n] xfdL s"6gLlt1nfO{ Pp6f g]S;fgL eP5 . Tof] s] eg] xfdL w]®} d]xgt g} ug{ 5f]8\ of} “ . xfd|f] afgL lalu|P5 . hals k~rfotsfndf ;a} s'®fsf] ®]s8{ x'GYof] . s;n] lsg ljb]z e|d0f ug],{ To;af6 g]kfnnfO{ s] kmfObf x'G5 eGg] s'®fsf] e|d0f cufl8 g} Jofks ljZn]if0f x'GYof] plt a]nf . Tof] dfq xf]Og pRr:t®Lo e|d0fsf qmddf s;n] s] l6Kk0fL u®] eGg] ;Ddsf s'®f ®]s8{ x'Gy] . t® k|hftGq cfPkl5 o:tf ®]s8{ kfpg} 5fl8Psf] 5 . d clxn] klg k®®fi6« dGqfnodf uP® af®Daf® of] s'®f p7fp“5 ' . t® …cfp6 8]68] Ú a"9fn] eg]sf] s'®fsf] ¿kdf lnOG5h: tf] 5 . t® xfdL klg 3f“; sf6]®, u'Rrf v]n®] of clxn]sf] h:tf] 6'KkL s;]® 3f]sL nf]s;]jf kf; u®]sf s]6f xf]Ogf} + . xfdL;“u cg'ej 5 . cK7]®f] k®]sf] a]nf dGqfnon] xfd|f] ®fo;Nnfx lnP klg x'g] xf] t® Pp6f ®fhb"t kmls{Pkl5 xfdLsxf“ s's®' la®fnfn] ;d]t g;Demg] u®]sf] b]v®] b'Mv nfU5 . hals xfd|} l5d]sL ef®tdf k"j/{ fhb"tnfO{ lgs} 7"nf lhDa]jf®L lbPsf] kfOG5 . t® xfdLsxf“ Tof] slxNo} x'g ;s]g . cflv® ga'em]sf] s'®f ;f]4f s] lau|G5 < xfd|f nflu ®fHon] s®f]8f}s “ f] nufgL u®]sf] 5 k®]sf] a]nf pkof]u ug'k{ ¥of] lg . cflv® k};f nfUg] xf]Og . o;}aLr df3 !( sf] 36gfkl5 ljb]zLx¿n] h;®L rf;f] lbO®x]sf 5g\, olb pgLx¿n] p7fPsf s'®f unt 5g\ eg] a'emfpg ;Sg'k5{ . xf]Og, 7Ls 5g\ eg] dfGg'k5{ . clxn]sf] ;do eg]sf] k|efjsf®L s"6gLlt ;~rfng ug]{ ;do xf] . t® ljb]zL ;xof]u geP klg rnfpg ;lsG5 eGg'rflx“ d"vt{ f l;jfo c¿ s]xL x'g ;Sb}g .

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To;}n] Toxf“ a;]® k9\b} hflu® vf]Hg] ljrf®n] d pgs} 8]®flt® xflgP“ .

3®df cfdfn] tL bfOsf af®]df w]®} ®fd|f s'®f u®]sf] ;'gs ] f] x'b“ f pgn] dnfO ®fd|; } u“ ®fV5g\ eGg] cfzf x'g' :jfefljs lyof] . t® kl®0ffd pN6f] lg:Sof] . d To; 3®df Ps dlxgf klg l6Sg ;lsg . lsgls cfdfn] j0f{g u®]sf bfO ® sf7df8f}s + f bfOdf cfsfz hldgsf] km®s d}n] kfP“ . pgL sf7df8f}s + f] Pp6f 7"n} 7fp“df hflu® vfGy] . a:gnfO{ ef8fdf a;]sf] eP klg sf]6Z] j®df hUUff lslg;s]sf] x'b“ f pgLx¿ l56} 3® agfP® ;g]{ d'8df lyP . d Toxf“ a:g g;Sg] l:ylt s;®L eof] eg] efph" ;'zLnf b]vL ;xGGflyg\ . pgLx¿sf b'Oh { gf 5f]®f5f]®L lyP, h;nfO{ eft v'jfpg]bl] v :s'n nfg];Ddsf lhDd]jf®L d}n] axg ug'k{ Yof] { . laxfg–a]ns ' f eft ksfpg] ® ef“8f dfem\g] sfd t 5“bl} yof] . Tolt;Dd t d}n] ;x]s} lyP“ . lsgls sf7df8f}d + f d]®f] pgLx¿afx]s g pleg] hu lyof] g t ;dfpg] xf“uf] g} . t® dnfO{ lrQ b'MvfO s]df ®x\of] eg] efph" d uPsf] ef]lnkN6}af6 logLx¿sf ;Gtfgsf] xfdLn] C0f vfPsf 5f}“ ls s] xf] eg]® d]®} cufl8 xfd|f] kl®jf®sf] s'®f sf6\g yflng\ . sfd klg ug'{ To;dfly ufnL u®]sf] ;'g®] dnfO{ Tof] af;:yfg s;®L 5f]8g\ ] eg]h:tf] ePsf] lyof] . t® afWo eP® al;®x]s} a]nfdf Ps hgf kz'kltsf hf]uL;“u e]6 eof] . pgn] eft ksfO lbP k9\g] a:g] Joj:yf ldnfOlbg] atfPsfn] d bª\u k®]® pgsf] kl5 nfu] “ . klxnf a;]sf bfO–efph";u“ ljbf lnP® d lx“8 ] . pgLx¿ 7"nf] emd]nfaf6 d'Qm eP em}“ ul®®x]sf lyP . sf7df8f}+ cfPsf] Ps dlxgfd} 8]®f ;g'k{ g]{ tLtf] ef]ufO lyof] —Tof] . k"jL{ kxf8sf] ;+vj' f;ef lhNnfaf6 sf7df8f}d + f efUo chdfpg cfPsf] dnfO

ufp“sf] t'ngfdf eg] sfdsf] nf]8 sd ePsfn] hf]uLnfO{ eft ksfpg vf;} ufx|f] k®]g . lsgls 3®df uf]7fnf] hfg], 3f“; sf6\g,] ef®L af]Sg] hlQsf] c;lhnf] sfd Tof] lyPg . To;}n] d}n] hf]uLsf] eft ksfP®} cfkm\gf] k9fO cl3 a9fP“ . k9fO klg ®fd|} eof] . d}n] k|df0fkq txsf] k9fO k|yd >]0fLdf kf; u®] “ . Pjd\l®tn] :gfts ® :gftsf]Q® k®LIff klg k|yd >]0fLdf kf; u®] “ . To;kl5 d}n] Pp6f sn]hdf k9fpg] sfd klg kfP“ . hflu® ePkl5 hf]uL;“u al;®xg' 7Ls g7fg]® d sf]7f lnP® gof“jfg]Zj®df a:g yfn]“ ® ljjfx klg u®] “ . ljjfxdf tL bfh'efph"nfO{ klg af]nfpg cfdfn] s® ug'{ ePsfn] d cfkm}“ af]nfpg uP“ . t® pgLx¿ Toxf“ lyPgg\ . pgLx¿ a;]sf] 3®sf dfG5]nfO{ ;f]4f klg yfxf ePg . oqf] 7"nf] sf7df8f}d + f sxf“ vf]Hg] eg]® d TolQs} kmls{P “ . d]®f] ljjfx eof], cfdf klg kmls{ge ' of] . 3® hfgf;fy} cfdf l;ls:t la®fdL kg'{ ePsfn] 3®af6 af]nfj6 eof] . d t'?Gt} 3® uP“ t® cfdf lalt;Sg'ePsf] ®x]5 . of] d]®f] nflu ;fx|} b'Mvb If0f lyof] . ljlwsf] ljwfg dfGg}kg],{ sfhlqmof ;s]® d sf7df8f}+ kms] “{ . sf7df8f}+ kms]k{ l5 Ps lbg d >LdtLnfO{ lnP® kz'klt hf“b} lyP“ .

Pp6f kl®lrth:tf] nfUg] cg'xf® d]®f] cufl8 yfn lnP® xh'®–xh'® eg]® 9f]lu®x]sf] lyof] . lgofn]® x]bf{ d rlst eP“ . Tof] JolQm c¿ sf]xL geP® d sf7df8f}+ cfp“bf a;]sf] 3®sL efph" ;'zLnf lyOg\ . d}n] crDd dfg]® ;f]w–“] ;'zLnf efph" s;®L o:tf] eof] < d ®d]z lrGg' ePg . tkfO{s + f]df a;]sf] ®d]z . ®d]z eGgf;fy} pgL eSsflgP® ¿g yflng\ . s]ef] efph", s;®L o:tf] < pgL eSsflgP® eGg yflng\– afa' d kflkgL x' “ . d}n] tkfO{d + fly u®]sf] kfkn] o:tf] eO®x]sf] 5 . …x}g efph" o;f] geGg';,\ vf;df s]ef] eGg';\ gÚ, d}n] eg] “ . pgn] ;'Ss:f'Ss ub}{ elgg\– afa' lx“8k] l5 3®df dfG5] ®fVg}kg]{ ePsfn] Ps hgf s]6fnfO{+ sfd ug{ ®fv]sf lyof} “ . Ps jif{kl5sf] s'®f xf], d dfOt uPsf] a]nfdf ;f]emf] eGg] 7fg]sf] To; s]6fn] bfh', 5f]®f5f]®Lsf] xTof u®]® >L;DklQ lnP® lx“85 ] . Tof] yfxf kfP® d 3® cfP“ t® 3®df sf]xL lyPg . To;kl5 dfOt uP® a:g yfn]“ . t® x'b“ f] ®x]g5 afa', efO–a'xf®Ln] sf]6Z] j®sf] hUuf cfkm\gf] gfddf ul®lbg] ePdfq} dnfO{ kfNg ;Sg] atfP . afWo eP® d}n] hUuf pgLx¿sf] gfddf ul®lbP“ . t® pgLx¿n] kf]O 6f]sj' f eg]® jrg nufP . To;kl5 d ax'nfxL h:t} eP® kz'kltdf cfP® dfUg afWo eP“ . d 5Ss k®] “ . d}n] Tof] 3® 5f]8k] l5 Toqf] ptf®r9fj cfP5 . dnfO{ sf]7fdf Pp6f dfG5] rflxPsf] lyof] . >LdtL ue{jtL ePsfn] pgsf] x]®rfx ug]{ Ps hgf kl®kSj :jf:gLdfG5]sf] vf“rf] k®]sf] lyof] . To;}n] d}n] pgnfO{ >LdtL;“u kl®ro u®fP® d]®f] 3® hfg cfu|x u®] “ . pgn] ;x;| :jLsfl®g\ . d}n] pgnfO{ clxn] cfdf a®fa® 7fg]® ®fv]sf] 5' . pgL clxn] eGg] ul5{g–\ ;'v;ondf 5 eGb}df slxNo} gdflQg' . h:tf];s ' } dfG5] hlxn] klg sfd nfUg ;Sbf] ®x]5 . dnfO 7"nf] lzIff k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

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>L % dxf®fhflw®fh 1fg]Gb| jL® ljqmd zfxb]jaf6 df3 !( ut] cyf{t km]ac '| ®L ! sf lbg tTsfnLg z]®axfb'® b]pjfsf] g]tT[ jdf ®x]sf] ;®sf®nfO{ ckb:y u®L df};k' mn] b]zsf] zf;g;Qf ;DxfNg] 3f]if0ff ePkl5 d'ns ' df Ps k|sf®sf] t®ª\u pTkGg x'g k'us ] f] 5 . df};k' maf6 zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] ef]lnkN6 df3 @) ut] !) ;b:oLo dlGqd08n 3f]if0ff ul®aS:of] eg] To;sf] emG8} @ ;ftfkl5 kmfu'g # ut] dlGqkl®ifb\sf] pkfWoIfdf k"jk{ w| fgdGqLåo 8f= t'N;L lu®L ® sLlt{lglw lai6nfO{ lgo'Qm ul®aSof] . >L % sf] 3f]if0ffkl5 d'ns ' df Psk|sf®sf] t®ª\u pTkGg x'g k'us ] f] 5 . h;®L kf]v®Ldf 9'ªu\ f xfGbf Ps tdf;sf] kfgLdf t®ª\u pTkGg x'G5 . oBlk PSsfO;f}“ ztfAbL eg]sf] k|hftGqsf] o'u xf] . o;nfO{ >L % af6 cfTd;ft\ ub}{ ax'bnLo k|hftGq ® ;+jw} flgs ®fhtGqk|lt k"0f{ ¿kdf k|lta4tf klg JoQm ul®aS;]sf] 5 . zfxL 3f]if0ffnuQ} ;®sf®af6 ;+s6sfnLg cfb]z hf®L ug's { f ;fy} jfs :jtGqtf, ;DklQ dflysf] clwsf®nufotsf xsclwsf® lgnDag u®]sf] 5 . To;af6 kqklqsfb]lv ®fhgLlts kf6L{sf g]tfx¿ ;ef;Dd]ng ug{af6 al~rt x'g k'us ] f 5g\ . sltko ®fhgLlts g]tfnfO{ ;'?df gh®aGb ® y'gfdf ®fVg] sfd eP klg kl5 qmdz= 5f]l8Psf] 5 . ofqf clk|n–h'g @))%

dlGqkl®ifb\sf] ;'?d} a;]sf] a}7sn] PSsfO; a'b“ ] ;'wf® sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug's { f ;fy} e|i6frf® 5fglag ug{sf nflu 5'§} x}l;otsf ;fy zfxL cfof]u u7g u®]sf] 5 . % kmfu'gdf eQmaxfb'® sf]O®fnfsf] cWoIftfdf ul7t cfof]un] sfd klg yfln;s]sf] 5 . o;aLrdf ljleGg ®fi6«af6 zfxL 3f]if0ffk|lt c;Gtf]if;d]t JoQm ePsf 5g\ . tL ;a}nfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub}{ d'ns ' nfO{ zflGt ® ;d[l4tkm{ nUg'kg]{ jt{dfg ;®sf®sf] bfloTj clg r'gf}tL klg xf] . cfzf u®f}–“ p2]Zo sfdofj x'g5 ] . c;xh l:ylt ;xhtftkm{ 8f]l®g]5 . h'g ljZjf; >L % af6 Ps dlxgfcl3 ljleGg klqsfsf ;DkfbsnfO{ aS;]sf] bz{ge]6sf qmddf ;d]t x'sd ' ePsf] 5 . ct= clxn]nfO{ ;'gf}nf] eljiosf nflu ToxLcg';f®sf] st{Jodf nfUg' g} pQd b]lvPsf] 5 .

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O®fsdf aGwskl5 d'Qm eP® :jb]z kms{g] qmddf cd]l®sL ;]gfn] ut dfr{ klxnf] ;ftf rnfPsf] uf]nL nfu]® 3fOt] ePsf O6fnLsL Ps hgf dlxnf kqsf®sf sf®0f cd]l®sL ®fi6«klt hh{ 8An' a';n] dfkmL dfUg'k®]sf] 5 . kqsf® ;“u} ofqf ug]{ O6fnLsf] u'Ktr® ljefusf Ps sd{rf®Lsf] eg] 36gf qmddf d[To' ePsf] lyof] . ®fi6«klt a';n] pQm 36gfnfO{ lnP® O6fnLsf k|wfgdGqL l;lNeof an':{ sf]gLnfO{ kmf]g u®]® dfkmL dfUg'ePsf] lyof] . O®fsdf vl6Psf ax'®fli6«o ;]gfsf o;vfn] dfgjLo e"nsf sf®0f g]tT[ jbfoL e"ldsfdf ®x]sf] cd]l®sfn] a]nfa]nfdf o;k|sf®n] nHhLt x'gk' l®®x]sf] 5 . ptf hgj®L #) df O®fsdf ®fi6«klt r'gfj x'g;s] klg ;'®Iff l:yltdf s'g} ;'wf® cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . k"j®{ fi6«klt ;2fd x';g] ;DaGwL d'2f x]l®®x]sf ljz]if cbfntsf GofofwLznfO{ ;d]t ljb|fx] Lx¿n] uf]nL xfgL xTof u®]sf 5g\ .

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x'gs ' f ;fy} kbf]Gglt jf cfGtl®s Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlwdf ;xefuL x'g] cj;® ldNg] 5 . sDkgLsf] lgodfg';f® kbf]Ggltsf ;fy o;df gub k'®:sf®, >]0fL yk, cGo k'®:sf®, r]tfjgL ® b08;hfo, cfjZos tflnd cflbsf] ;d]t o;} sfo{qmdcGtu{t to ul®g]5 . o;af6 ;kmn Jofj;flos Joj:yfkgsf] ;+®rgf klg ug{ ;lsG5 . hgzlQm ljsf;sf nflu of] ljZj;gLo k|0ffnL xf] . o; k|0ffnLdf k|To]s sd{rf®Ln] cfkm\gf] d"Nofª\sg lg®LIfsaf6 s;®L eO®x]sf] 5 eGg] s'®f yfxf kfpg cfjZos 5 jf yfxf kfpg ;S5g\ . s'g} klg sd{rf®Lsf] cg'kl:yltdf lg®LIfsn] d"Nofª\sg ug{ g;Sg] Joj:yfcg'¿k k|To]s sd{rf®Lsf] d"Nofª\sg k|ltj]bgdf sd{rf®L ® lg®LIfssf] ;xeflutf ® ;xdltsf] clgjfo{tf x'G5 . o; k|0ffnLsf] k|dv ' ljz]iftf eg]s} ztk|ltzt sd{rf®Lsf] ;xeflutf, tNnf]bl] v dflyNnf] tx;Ddsf sd{rf®LnfO{ ;dfg Jojxf® ® ;dfg Gofo, c;n jf v®fj sfo{;Dkfbgsf] lgikIf d"Nofª\sg, cg'zf;g÷g}ltstfsf] d"Nofª\sg, kbf]Gglt, k'®isf®, >]0fL yk jf b08;hfoh:tf sfo{sf] ;xL cg';Gwfg u®L lgikIftf ® kf®blz{tf ckgfOg]5 eGg] s'®fdf k|flnsf k|aGw lgb]z { s aL®]Gb| axfb'® a:g]tn] hf]8 lbg'eof] . ;fy} ;+:yfsf ;a} k|zf;lgs of]hgfnfO{ o;} k|0ffnLcGtu{t Nofpg ® sfo{ ug{ u®fpg hgzlQm ljsf; ljefunfO{ lgb]z { g ;d]t lbg'eof] . sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfno;“usf] ;Demf}tfdf ljZjljBfnosf k|fk] m];® 8fS6® ;'jfz s]=;L= ® k|fWofks ls®0f vqLsf] ;+nUgtfdf lj: t[t cWoogaf6 æsd{rf®L sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nofª\ sg k|0ffnLÆ tof® kfl®Psf] xf] . d"Nofª\sg Joj:yfkg r':t, lgikIf ® kf®bzL{ xf];\ ;fy}

Joj:yfkg ® pko'Qm dfgj ;+;fwgsf] k|efjsf®L ljsf; xf];\ eGg] p2]Zon] tof® kfl®Psf] o; k|0ffnLsf] p2]Zo ® k|lqmofsf af®]df hgzlQm ljsf; ljefudf sfo{®t vu]Gb| axfb'® a:g]tåf®f ut ;ftf ;d"xut ¿kdf kf“r lbgsf] sfo{qmd ®fvL sd{rf®LnfO{ hfgsf®L u®fO;lsPsf] 5 . of] k|0ffnLsf] ;+®rgf tn pNn]lvt k|of]hg;“u ;DalGwt ®x]sf] 5M !_ Jofj;flos ;kmntfnfO{ oyfl:yltdf ®fVgsf nflu sd{rf®Lsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nofª\sgdf ljz]if u|fx\otf ® ;dfgtf . @_ ljBdfg d"Nofª\sg k|0ffnL -gLlt, sfo{qmd ® cEof;_ sf] k'glj{rf® . #_ sfo{;Dkfbg Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL -sfo{ljlw, pQ®bfloTj, g]tT[ j ® d"Nofª\sg 9f“rf_ nfO{ >]0fLa4 ljsf; ul®Psf] . $_ dfly pNn]lvt sfo{snfknfO{ nfu" ug{sf nfuL ljleGg a“b' fx¿sf] clen]v ul®Psf] . o; k|0ffnLsf d'Vo p2]Zo lgDg k|sf® ®x]sf 5g\M !_ clwstd sfo{;Dkfbgsf nflu x®]s sd{rf®L cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf®L k"®f ug{ b[9 ®x"g \ . @_ ;+nUg sd{rf®LdWo] x®]s JolQm jf ;d"xsf nflu lhDd]jf®L to ul®g] ® lbOPsf] lhDd]jf®Lsf] cfwf®df JolQm jf ;d"xsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nofª\sg ul®g] . #_ x®]s JolQm jf ;d"xsf nflu to ul®Psf] lhDd]jf®L cg';f® sfo{ eO®x]sf] 5 jf 5}g kTo]s dlxgf lgh JolQm cfkm}n] jf ;d"xn] ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ lg®LIf0f u®fpg'kg] { . $_ sd{rf®Lx¿n] cfkm"nfO{ lbOPsf] lhDd]jf®L k"®f ug{sf nflu s]s:tf s'®fx¿sf] cfjZostf k®] jf kb{5g\ ;f]sf] dfu ;d]t ug'k{ g]{ . %_ pNn]lvt a“b' fx¿sf] cfwf®df a9'jf, k'®:sf®, tflnd, ;hfo jf cGo ;'ljwfx¿sf] Joj:yf ul®g] . n

a'4 Po/df hgzlQm ljsf; buddhaair.com

clk|n–h'g @))% ofqf

;fdflhs ;]jf ;fdflhs ;]jf

æk/f]ksf/ 3/af6} ;'? x'G5Æ

s'g}

klg ;+u7gsf] ;fd'bflos pQ®bfloTj cfkm}a“ f6 ;'? x'G5 . elgG5 g} …k®f]ksf® 3®af6} ;'? x'G5Ú . a'4 Po® ;'?sf ;ft jif{ ;+:yfut ¿kdf :yflkt x'g k|lta4tfsf ;fy nfu]sf] xf] . xfdLn] cfkm\gf] Jofkf®nfO{ Tolt a]nf ®fd|f; ] u“ ;DxfNof}“ h'g xfd|f sd{rf®Ln] kfpg] ;'ljwfdf k|ltljlDat x'G5 . nfdf] ;do;Ddsf] cWoogkl5 ;fdfGo ¿kdf lev dfUg] rng ®x]sf] xfd|f] d'ns ' df s]xL rGbf lbP® pDsg] xf]OgsL xfd|f] ;fdflhs pQ®bfloTj eg]sf] cfTd lge{® x'g' xf] eGg] lgisif{df xfdL k'Uof} “ . g]kfndf *^ k|ltzt hg;+Vof clxn] klg u|fdL0f s[lif cy{tGqaf6 u'hf®f rnfO®x]sf 5g\ .

To;}n] xfdLdf cfd'n kl®jt{gsf nflu o; If]qdf

;'wf® ug'{ h?®L 5 . nfdf] ;dosf] k|of]u clg df]®ª lhNnfsf] Pp6f ufp“df ! ;o 3®w'®L ;e]{ u®]® xfdLn] 6+sL l;gj®L uflj;sf] Ps k|fh ] S] 6df nufgL u®]sf 5f} “ . h'g k|fh ] S] 6 ;fd'bflos ljsf; tyf cg';Gwfg s]Gb|af6 hgj®L !, @))% b]lv sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5 . k|fh ] S] 6sf] ;dofjlw b'O{ jif{sf] ®x]sf] 5 ® xfdLn] s[lif ultljlwsf nflu pko'Qm k|ljlwsf ¿kdf To;af6 pknlAw xfl;n ug{ ;Sg] 5f} “ . xfdL;“u s[lif;DaGwL k|fljlws 5g\ ® h;n] :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ df6f]sf] Joj:yfkg, pGgt aLplahg ® j}1flgs s[lif k|ljlwaf®] hfgsf®L lbg'sf ;fy} pTkflbt j:t'sf] ahf® Joj:yfkg ug]{ af®]df klg l;sfO®x]sf

5g\ . xfdL Toxf“ :yfgLo hgtf ;xsf®L ;+:yf k|lt sltsf] pQ®bfoL 5g\ eGg] s'®f lglZrt ug{ klg uO®x]sf 5f} “ . xfdL clxn] dfOqmf] qm]l86sf nflu ;d]t ;d"xut Joj:yfkgsf] Joj:yf ul®®x]sf 5f}“ h;af6 k|fh ] S] 6sf] cGTodf ;xsf®L k;n ;~rfng x'g ;sf];\ eGg] clek|fo ®x]sf] 5 . xfd|f] ;f]rfOdf o; sfo{qmdn] ^ b]lv ( dlxgfleq} :yfgLo ls;fg ;xsfl®tfk|lt cfslif{t ® cg'alGwt x'g] gx'g] lgrf]8 lgsfNg] 5 . o;kl5sf] sfo{qmd eg]sf] ls;fgx¿sf] ;xsfl®tfdf cfkm\gf] s[lif pTkfbgsf] :yfgLo pkef]Qmfn] vl®b ug]{ j:t'sf] sf®vfgf vf]nL k"0f{ cfly{s nfe lng' x'g5 ] . n

;fd'bflos ;]jf / a'4 Po/sf] bfloTj ofqf clk|n–h'g @))%

buddhaair.com

Jo+Uo

Jo+Uo

Rffs8L dxfTDo Rffs8L zAbsf] cy{ a[xb g]kfnL zAbsf]ifdf rfs/L, rfs/ sf] sfd, ;]jf, 6xn, ;';f/, tfa]bf/L, kl/ rof{ s;}nfO{ v';L kfg{ ul/g] sfo{ eGg] cy{ nufOPsf] 5 . rfs8L / rfs/sf] sfd p:t}p:t} eGg vf]lhPsf] 5 . rfs/ elgPsf] rflx“ sdf/f], sl/of, bf;, u'nfd, ;]js, gf]s/, 6xn'jf, e[To eGg] cy{ nufOPsf] 5 . oL ;a}sf] df]6fdf]6L cy{ x'G5— s;}nfO{ v';L /fVg ul/g] sfd . t/ of] v';L /fVg] sfddf :jfy{ hf]l8Psf] 5 eg] To;}nfO{ c;nL cy{df clxn]sf] hdfgfdf rfs8L eGg'kg]{ x'G5 . rfs8L ul/g] z}nL eg] o; b'lgof“df y/Ly/L x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . h;sf lgDgcg';f/ df]6fdf]6L ¿k kfOPsf 5g\ .

Rffs8L g+= ! of] klxnf] bhf{sf] rfs8Ldf cfkm"n] kmfObf lngsf nflu rfs8Lafhn] cfkm\gf] xflsd of 7"nf] dfG5]n] u/]sf] sfo{ sfnf] 5 eg] klg To;nfO{ ;]tf] eGbf xflsd v';L x'G5 eg] To;nfO{ ;]tf] eGg kl5 kb}g{ g\ . s'g} xflsdn] u/]sf] sfdn] ;dfhdf gsf/fTds c;/ k/]sf] 5 eg] klg rfs8Lafhn] elglbG5g\— a'l´aS:of] xh'/, xh'/sf] sfdn] s:tf] /fd|f] k|efj k/]5 . ;a} jfxjfx ul//x]sf 5g\ . xh'/h:tf] dfG5] of] d'ns ' d} 5}g eG5g\ . xh'/nfO{ k"hf ug{ rfxG5g\ dfG5] . jf:tljstf s] xf] eGg] ga'´L sltko xflsdn] To;}nfO{ jf:tljstf klg 7fGg] u/]sf 5g\ . d]/f] Ps hgf ;fyL lyof] . Pp6f u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfdf sfd ug]{ pm o:t} rfs8Lsf] e/df xflsdsf] l;kmfl/;df clxn] Pp6f rfG; ldnfP/ cd]l/sfdf a:b} cfO/x]sf] 5 . pm;“us } f dnufotsf ;fyL eg] xftd'v hf]g{} wf}–wf} eP/ al;/x]sf 5f}“ . pm eg] clxn] cd]l/sfdf lu|gsf8{ ;d]t kfP/ 3/ agfP/ a;]sf] 5 /] . rfs8L g+=@ o:tf rfs8Lafhx¿ cfkm\gf] xflsd cufl8 k/]sf] a]nfdf sfnf]nfO{ ;]tf] / ;]tf]nfO{ sfnf] eGg klg kl5 kb}g{ g\ . t/ aflx/ uPkl5 eg] o:tf] p:tf] eg]/ s'/' f sf6\5g\ . ;fyLnfO{ klg 7LSs kf5{g\ . xflsdsf cufl8 k'uk] l5 gtd:ts eP/ s'/f u5{g\ . t/ aflx/ uPkl5 ;fn]n] vtd u¥of], o;nfO{ h;/L eP klg c;kmn ug'k{ 5{ eG5g\ . dfG5]aLr km'6 Nofpg vf]Hg] logLx¿sf] ¿k a'emL g;Sg'sf] x'G5 . glhssf] rflx“ d g} x'“ eGg] kf/]/ ;?jf a9'jf nufotsf ljifodf logLx¿ kmfObf lnO/x]sf x'G5g\ . rfs8L g+= # of] ju{sf rfs8Lafhx¿ xflsdnfO{ csf]{ sd{rf/Llj?4df s'/f ;'gfpg] vfnsf x'G5g\ . xh'/ To;n] t sfd g} ub}g{ . hlta]nf klg xh'/nfO{ ufnL ug]{ u5{ . sfd ug{ vf]Hg] dfG5]nfO{ klg ef“8g\ vf]H5 . o:tfnfO{ xflsdn] sfof{nosf] ;"rgf lng] /fd|f] dfG5] kfOof] eg]/ ljZjf; klg u5{g\ . o;af6 a9'jfdf kg],{ /fd|f] 7fp“df ;?jf ldnfpg] nufotsf sfd of] ju{sf rfs8Lafhn] ldnfp“5g\ . rfs8L g+= $ of] ju{sf rfs8Lafhx¿ xflsdsL >LdtL jf ;;'/fnLdfkm{t rfs8L k'¥ofpg hfG5g\ . x/]s xKtf ld7fOsf] kf]sf] af]s/] hfg], b;}s + f] a]nfdf v;L af]sf lnP/ hfg], ltxf/df l3pt]n lnP/ hfg], slxn]sfxL“ of] /fd|f] df5f xh'/ eGb} lnP/ hfg] logLx¿sf] afgL x'G5 . efph"nfO{ lsr]gdf ufx|f] ef] xf]nf eg]/ logLx¿ lsr]gsf ;fdfg nlulbg] ;Ddsf sfd u5{g\ . 3/df s]6fs]6Lsf] l;+ufg k'l5lbg], sk8f nlulbg];Ddsf sfd klg pgLx¿af6 x'G5 . xflsdsL >LdtLnfO{ gfO{+ eGg} g;Sg] u/L o;/L k6\ofPkl5 >LdtLn] klg nf} g ulb{l;of];\ ljr/fn] oqf] ul/;Sof] eGg yfN5g\ . >LdtLsf] ;w}s + f] srsrn] lar/f >Ldfg\ klg sfd

n

uf]kfn zdf{

ug{ afWo x'G5g\ . o;} u/]/ d]/f] Ps hgf ;fyLn] 3/kfos kg]{ 7fp“df ;?jf ldnfPsf] lyof] . rfs8L g+= % of] ju{sf rfs8Lafh xflsdsf] ;f]emf] rfs8L gu/L lkPdfkm{t u5{g\ . lkP;“u xflsdsf] k|z; + f u5{g\ . lkP;“u uP/ kmnfgfn] xfd|f] xflsd ;fx]anfO{ o;f] eGof] eG5g\ . t/ of] rfs8L z}nL cufl8 pNn]v ul/PeGbf s]xL lkmtnf] dflgG5 . rfs8L g+= ^ of] ju{sf rfs8Lafh cfkm\gf] xflsd s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;df/f]xdf 5 eg] kl;gf k'l5lbg], udL{ 5 eg] xDsLlbg];Ddsf sfd u5{g\ . sxL“ ef]h 5 eg] xh'/ al;l;of];\ d NofOlbG5' eg]/ ljleGg xTsG8f ckgfP/ nfOg a;L vfgf ;e{ u5{g\ . /, cfkm\gf] k|efj 5f]8g\ rfxG5g\ . rfs8L g+= & o; ju{sf rfs8Lafh xflsd dfq} xf]Og cfkm" 8]/fdf a;]sf] 5 eg] 3/a]6LnfO{ klg ld7fO{ af“8g\ ] sfd u5{g\ . 3/a]6Lsf] 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ :s'n 5f]l8lbg], cfkm\gf] clkm;df eg;'g u/]/ pgLx¿sf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ hflu/ v'jfOlbg];Ddsf sfd u5{g\ . lzIfs eP s]6fs]6LnfO{ k9fPem+} ug]{ pgLx¿sf] afgL x'G5 . rfs8L g+= * o; ju{df kg]x{ ¿ >Ldfg\ x'g\ eg] >LdtLnfO{ / >LdtL x'ge \ g] >Ldfg\nfO{ 3/ kms{bf dgkg]{ ;fdfg NofOlbg] sfd u5{g\ . tfls cfkm"n] aflx/ uP/ u/]sf] unt sfdsf] 9fs5f]k ug{ ;lsof];\ . o; k|sl[ tsf nf]Ug]dfG5] k/:qL udg u/]/ jf hf“8/S;L vfP/ 3/ kms]s { f x'g ;S5g\ eg] s]6L dfG5] st} uP/ l9nf] u/]sf] x'g ;S5g\ . cfpgf;fy} pgLx¿ dfofn' efjdf k|:t't x'g vf]H5g\ .

c

sltko

cj:yfdf xflsd sd{rf/LnfO{ x“;fpg rflx/x]sf] 5 t/ x“;fpg s'/f 5}g eg] sltko rfs8Lafh cfkm}+ d/Ld/L xf“;L lbG5g\ . v'§f ldlrlbg vf]H5g\ of ul//x]sf] sfddf ;3fpg vf]H5g\ . rfs8L g+= ( o; ju{sf rfs8Lafh s;}sf 5f]/f5f]/L klg x'g ;S5g\ . aflx/ s]xL km6fO“ u/]/ cfPsf 5g\ eg] 3/df afa'cfdf gl/;fpg\ eg]/ ;l/kmh:tf] Jojxf/ u5{g\ . afa'cfdfn] ufnL u/]eg] xf]Og s;d eg]/ 6f5{g\ . rfs8L g+= !) of] ju{df lbbLaxLgL ju{sf dfG5] k5{g\ . st} AjfOkm|G] 8;“u lx+8s ] f] a]nf s;}n] b]Vof] eg] cfkm\gf kl/jf/sf ;b:onfO{ gelglbg cfu|x ub}{ To:tf dfG5]n] eg]sf] h] klg dfg] em}+ u/L 6f]kN5g\ . rfs8L g+= !! of] k|sl[ tsf rfs8Lafh l/emfpg'kg]{ dfG5]sf] hGd]fT;j v'a ofb u5{g\ . kmf]gaf6 x'G5 of pkxf/ nu]/ x'G5 pgLx¿ ;f“lRr g} z'elrGts x'“ eGg] k'li6 u/fpg rfxG5g \ . o:tf dfG5]n] rfs8L ug'k{ g]{ dfG5]sf] dfq} xf]Og p;sf] >LdtL, 5f]/f5f]/L;Ddsf] hGd]fT;j ofb u/]/ a;L pkxf/ k7fpg] u5{g\ . oL t eP clxn] rngrNtLdf /x]sf rfs8Lsf s]xL ¿k . t/ of] ;+;f/ rfs8L eg]kl5 dl/xQ] ug]{ vfnsf] ;+;f/ xf] . ;a} st} g st}af6 rfs8L vf]H5g\ . s'g sd{rf/Ln] sltk6s gd:sf/ u¥of] eGg];Ddsf ofb ug]{

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s6]sf] kQf] x'GgYof], ®f]wLdf l5®]kl5 pd]® 9Ns]sfx¿ klg Psl5g hjfgLd} kms{Gy] . bf]xf]®Ls} efsfdf t?gLsf] dg rf]y{] ® eGy]– …ufO{ rg]{ ®fgLjg, pd]® 9NSof] 9Ns]g kfkL dg======.Ú dfof lk®tL;“udfq hf]l8Psf] lyPg bf]xf]®Lsf] gfd . sf]xL a]bgf kf]v®] dg xn'Ëf] kfy]{ t sf]xL t'Ë, t'Ë dfbnsf] tfndf pkm|®] ®dfp“y ] . plt a]nfsf] s'®f xf]— of] . o:tf cg'el" t clxn] ;Demgfdf dfq 5g\ . km]l®+bf]] ;don] bf]xf]®Lsf] ®f}gs r6Ss} d]6fpg t ;s]g t® b]p®fnLsf ®f]wL3®af6 ®fhwfgLsf bf]xf]®L;f“em;Dd cfOk'Ubf a]Un} ¿k kSs} lnPsf] 5 . nf]sbf]xf]®Lsf] d"n ynf] uf“p3® eg] clxn] k®lge{® ag]sf] 5 . k'®fgf efsf la®n} ;'lgG5g\ . ahf®df h] rN5, d]nfkftdf klg ltg} efsf u'lGhG5g\ . ;+:s[lt ;+®If0f ® dgf]®Ghgsf ;fydf ;of}}+ snf ® unfsf wgLsf] ®f]hL®f]6L klg ag]sf] 5, bf]xf]®L clxn] . k®fof ;+:s[ltn] lbSs ag]kl5 ljb]lzPsfnfO{ ufp“kfvfs} efsfdf gf“Rg] ®x® hfUbf] ®}5 . lxhf]cfh ljb]zdf g]kfnLn] sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u®] eg] nf]sufosnfO{ 5'6fp“bg} g\ . h;n] ljb]z 3'Dg] ;'ne cj;® h'6fOlbPsf] 5– nf]sufos uflosfnfO{ . cf}krfl®s sfo{qmd dfq s] PNadsf] ahf® klg ljb]zdf km®flsnf] aGb} 5 . ;fpbL, dn]l;of, xªsª ® cd]l®sfnufotsf d'ns ' df l;w} bf]xf®L PNadsf] Jofkf® x'b“ } cfPsf] 5 . wf}nflul® Sof;]6 ;]G6®sf ;~rfns OGb| >]i7 eG5g\– ;'Gg]dfq eGbf lel;8L Sof;]6sf] dfu a9\bf] 5 . ut jif{ …;;'®fnLÚdf af]nsf] bf]xf]®L clxn];Dds} ;a}vfn] PNad laqmLdf cu|tf lnPsf] 5 . !) nfveGbf a9L cfh{g u®]sf ufos ab|L k+ug] LnfO{ :yfg hdfpg Pp6} PNadeGbf

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;f“em 9lNsb} hf“bf bf]xf]®L ;f“emsf] ®demd klg a9\b} hfG5 . ®l;nf] bf]xf]®Ldf dx+uf ®S;Lsf] r':sL ld;fOlbg] hdft klg sd 5}g oxf“ . cfly{s ?kn] cln ;IfdnfO{ dfq bf]xf]®L ;f“emdf ®dfpg] df}sf ldn]sf] 5 .

c¿ s'gk{' ®]g . o; jif{ …agdf sf“8f 5Ú, …aNn} ef] e]6Ú, …eGg' gefÚsf]Ú h:tf PNadn] klg pNn]Vo ;kmntf xft kf®] . kk ® cfw'lgs uLtsf] t'ngfdf sd vr{d} PNad tof® x'g] ePsfn] Jofj;flos lx;fan] ®fd|f] ;Defjgf af]ss ] f] 5 bf]xf]®Ln] . lxhf]cfh eg] …leh'jnÚ lagfsf] bf]xf]®Ln] ;a}vfn] >f]tf ;d]6g\ g;Sg] ePkl5 …leh'jnÚ ® lj1fkgdf yk vr{ hf]l8Psf] 5 . tGg]®L pd]®sf] ;a} hf]z bf]xf®Ld} vr]s { f 5g\ Ps x'n o'jfn] . eujfg e08f®L, ladn If]qL, a'l4;fu® aTofn, ab|L k+ug] L, ladfs'df®L b'®f, nIdL Gof}kfg], uLtfb]jL, ef]h®fh sfkm\n,] dx]z a'9fyf]sL, l;Gw' dNnnufotsf ufos uflosf bf]xf]®L leq af“Rg] cfwf® vf]tNb} 5g\ .

Jofkfl®s lx;fan] dxTjk"0f{ 7flgPsf Go'®f]8, 7d]n, k'tln;8sh:tf :yfgdf ;f“em 9lNsb} hf“bf bf]xf]®L ;f“emsf] ®demd klg a9\b} hfG5 . ®l;nf] bf]xf]®Ldf dx“uf ®S;Lsf] r':sL ld;fOlbg] hdft klg sd 5}g oxf“ . cfly{s ¿kn] cln ;IfdnfO{ dfq bf]xf]®L ;f“emdf ®dfpg] df}sf ldn]sf] 5 .

PsfPs cfPsf] e]n ® gf}nf] :j¿kn] st} bf]xf]®Lsf] k'®fgf] ¿k g} d]l6g] xf] ls eGg] lrGtf klg Ps y®Lsf] 5 . nf]s;+uLtsf] vf]h ® cg';Gwfg ubf{ub}{ a'9p ] nLdf 6]ss ] f ;'jL zfx ts{ u5{g–\ …®rgf u®]® Sof;]6df e®]sf] uLt s;®L bf]xf] ®L x'G5 < bf]xf]®L t k|ToIf ;afn hjfkmdf kf] t x'G5Ú, o'jf ufos ladn®fh If]qL klg …:j® g nolagf g} k};fsf e®df ufos aGg vf]Hg]x¿Ú n] nf]sbf]xf]®Lsf] cad"Nog u®fPsf] u'gf;f] u5{g \ . ufp“bf–ufp“bd } f pd]® 9Ns]sf ufos s'df® a:g]tsf] egfO 5– …Jofkfl®s cf“vfn] dfq xf]Og ;+:s[lt hf]ufpglt® klg Wofg lbg'k5{ . n

clk|n–h'g @))% ofqf

hLjgsf /+u hLjgsf /+u

c

Gt/f{li6«o rnlrq ;dLIfsx¿sf] k"0f{ cg'dfgnfO{ xfjf v'jfp“b} o; jif{sf] cf]:sf/ cjf8{ @))% xfl;n ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5— ldlnog 8n/ a]aL . km]ac '| /L @* -kmfu'g !^_ sf lbg cf]:sf/ cjf8{sf] ;df/f]x cfof]hgfk"j{ w]/s } f] cg'dfg lyof]– o;kflnsf] cjf8{ …lb PlaP6/Ú n] lhT5 eGg] . oBlk cGtdf !! ljwfdf gfdfª\lst ;f] rnlrqnfO{ k5fb}{ alS;ª\sf] ljifodf ag]sf] …ldlnog 8n/ a]aLÚ n] cf]:sf/ xft kf/]sf] 5 . ljZjel/sf] rnlrqIf]qsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] / k|ltli7t dflgg] u/]sf] o;k6ssf] && cf}“ cf]:sf/ cjf8{ ;df/f]x cd]l/sfsf] n;PGh]N; ;x/sf] sf]8fs lyP6/df ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

Vofltk|fKt xlnp8 xf“:o cleg]tf qmL; /sn] ;~rfng u/]sf] cf]:sf/ cjf8{sf] sfo{qmd ljleGg 6]lnlehg Rofgnaf6 sl/a ! ca{ dflg;n] x]/s ] f] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 eg] k|ToIfbzL{ ## xhf/eGbf a9L /x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . o;kflnsf] && cf}“ cf]:sf/ cjf8{df sf]nsftfsf a]ZofnfO{ ;Gtfgsf ljifodf agfOPsf] ag{ OG6' a|yN] ;n] ;j{>i] 7 8s'dG] 6«L cjf8{ lht]sf] 5 . n

cf]:sf/ lhTof]

a]aLn] n

ljb'/ zdf{

cf]:sf/sf ljhoLx? ;j{>i] 7 rnlrq

ldlnog 8n/ a]aL ;j{>i] 7 lgb]z { s

SnLG6 Oi6p8, -ldlnog 8n/ a]aL_ ;j{>i] 7 cleg]tf h]dL kmS; -/]_ ;j{>i] 7 cleg]t[ lxnf/L :jf+s -ldlnog 8n/ a]aL_ ;j{>i] 7 ;xcleg]tf df]ug{ lk|mDofg -ldlnog 8n/ a]aL_ ;j{>i] 7 ljb]zL efiffsf] rnlrq b ;L Og;fO8 -:k]g_ ;j{>i] 7 Plgd]68] rnlrq

b OGqm]l8aN; ;j{>i] 7 8s'dG] 6«L

ag{ OG6' a|yN] ; ;j{>i] 7 l;g]df6f]uf| kmL

/f]a6{ l/r8{;g

-b PleP6/_

;j{>i] 7 ;dkfbg

y]Ndf :g'gd]s/ -b PleP6/_

ofqf clk|n–h'g @))%

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hLjgsf /+u hLjgsf /+u

alnp8df

a;]l{ g !@ efiffdf sl®a Ps xhf® j6f lkmNd aG5g\, tLdWo] s]xLn] dfq cfkm\gf] kl®ro cGt®f{li6«o :t®;Dd agfPsf x'G5g\, emg\ Vofltk|fKt cf]:sf® cjf8{sf] glhs k'Ug] lkmNd guGo 5g\ . tLg jif{ cufl8 cfld® vfg clelgt nufg pTs[i7 ljb]zL efiffsf] Sof6fuf]®Lsf] clGtd r®0fdf k'u®] klg cjf8{ k|fKt ug{ c;dy{ ePsf]] lyof] . o;}u®L xfn} l®lnh ePsf] cldtfe aRrg ® ®fgL d'vhL{sf] d'Vo e"ldsf ®x]sf] ® ;Gho lnnf eG;fnLåf®f lgb]l{ zt ANofs cf]:sf® cjf8{sf nflu e®kbf]{ cfzfsf] ¿kdf alnp8 l;g] pBf]udf x]l®g yflnPsf] 5 . cGwL ® alx®L ;j{>i] 7 n]lvsf x]ng] s]n®] sf]] hLjgLdf cfwfl®t ANofsn] ef®tnufot of] lkmNd l®lnh ePsf b]zx¿df sdfPsf] k|z; + f ® o;n] u®]sf] ®fd|f] Jofkf®sf sf®0f o;k|lt cfzf ul®g yflnPsf] xf] . o;nfO{ ef®tLo lkmNd Oltxf;d} ;j{>i] 7 l;g]dfsf] ¿kdf x]l®Psf] 5 . o;sf] syf o:tf] 5– Pª\nf] OlG8og kl®jf®df hlGdPsL ldr]n Dofsg]nL -®fgL d'vhL{_ !* dlxgfsf] pd]®b]lv g} alx®L ® cGwL x'G5] . :jefj}n] Psbd} rnfv ldr]n Pp6f cGwsf®sf] ;+;f®df a“flr®x]sL x'G5], hxf“a“ f6 aflx® lg:sg] s'g} pkfo 5}g . of] lg®fzfkgsf sf®0f pm slxn]sfxL“ lx+;s | aG5] . t® efUon] ldr]nnfO{ cs}{ df]8lt® n}hfG5 . p;sf] e]6 $* jifL{o b]j®fh ;fxgL -cldtfe aRrg_ ;“u x'G5, hf] ®S:ofxf x'G5 t® cGwf tyf ckfª\usf] lzIfssf] ¿kdf pm cfkm\gf] k]zfk|lt k|lta4 JolQm xf] . t® b]j®fh ®S;L vfg] afgL ® cf“vfsf] Hof]lt u'dfPsf sf®0f :s'naf6 lgsflnG5 . :s'nsf] x]8df:6® b]j®fhsf] lgs6sf] ;fyL xf], b]j®fhsf] Ifdtfaf6 kl®lrt x]8df:6®n] b]j®fhnfO{ cf7 jifL{of ldr]nnfO{ k9fpgsf nflu k7fOlbG5 . ljleGg cj®f]wsf afjh'b b]j®fh cfkm\gf] p2]Zodf ;kmn x'G5, cnf}lss ¿kdf ldr]nsf] gfd ® cy{df ;DaGw agfp“5 ® ldr]nn] klxnf] zAb l;S5] . t® Toltdfq} cGTo lyPg, hLjg ofqfsf qmddf w]®} ;+3if{ ug'{ lyof] . ldr]nsf] ofqfdf km]l® cj®f]w cfp“5 ha b]j®fhnfO{ clNhd® ®f]un] ;dfT5 . p;n] lj:tf®} zAb

cldtfe aRrg ® ®fgL d'vhL{sf] d'Vo e"ldsf ®x]sf] ® ;Gho lnnf eG;fnLåf®f lgb]{lzt ANofs cf]:sf® cjf8{sf nflu e®kbf]{ cfzfsf] ¿kdf alnp8 l;g] pBf]udf x]l®g yflnPsf] 5 .

® cy{;lxt x®]s s'®f la;{g yfN5 . ;du|df syf;f® oxL xf] . ;'?df ;fgf] ah]6sf] ¿kdf of]hgf agfOP klg kl5 dx“uf] ah]6sf] lkmNdsf] ¿kdf kl®jt{g ePsf] lyof] . o:t} ;'?df o;nfO{ cª\uh ]| L efiffsf] agfpg] elgP klg lgb]z { s eG;fnLn] lkmNdnfO{ hLjGt ® k|efjsf®L agfpg lxGbL efiffsf] agfpg] lg0f{o u®]sf lyP . eG;fnLn] cldtfe;“u sfd u®]sf] of] klxnf]k6s xf] . pgL cldtfesf] ;+nUgtfaf6 cfkm" uf}®jflGjt ePsf] atfPsf 5g\ . jL®hf®fdf k|Llt lhG6fsf] pkl:yltn] 5fofdf k®]sf] eP klg ®fgL d'vhL{n] ANofsdf ;DejtM cfkm\gf] sl®c®s} pTs[i6 clego u®]sL 5g\ . o:t} eG;fnLn] klxnf]k6s a|s ] lbPsL cfozf sk'®n] ldr]nsf] aflnsf pd]®sf] ¿kdf pTs[i6 clego u®]sL 5g\ . b'O{ 3G6fsf] o; lkmNddf s'g} uLt 5}g, t® bz{snfO{ k|efljt kfg{ k'i6 ;ª\uLt g} sfkmL b]lvPsf] 5 h'g ;ª\uLt dG6Ln] e®]sf x'g \ .

ANofsdf w]®} b[Zo efj's ® dg 5'g] vfnsf 5g\ . ha b]j®fhn] ldr]nnfO{ cGwsf®af6 pHofnf]tkm{ NofP® b]Vg ;Sg] agfp“5 t® pm cfkm}+ cGwf] aG5 ® cGTodf p;sf] lbdfun] klg sfd ug{ 5f8\5 . Tolt a]nf ldr]nn] u'?nfO{ zf®Ll®s ¿kdf s'g} c;® gu®f];\ eg]® ®flvPsf] r]g ahfp“5 ] . oltv]®sf] b[Zon] bz{ssf] dg 5'G5 . lkmNdL ;dLIfsx¿n] b]j®fhsf] e"ldsf z]S;lko®sf] 6«flhs lx®f]s} ;dsIfdf ®fv]sf 5g\ . o:t} ®fgL d'vhL{n] klg cGwL ® alx®Lsf] e"ldsf o;®L lgjf{x u®]sL 5g\, dfgf“} pgL To;}sf nflu hlGdPsL x'g \ .

ANofs alnp8sf cGovfn] lkmNdeGbf pTs[i6 5 t® o;sf] lyd gof“ ePg, x]ng] s]n®sf] hLjgLdf o;cl3 g} lkmNd alg;s]sf 5g\, lkmNd ;dLIfs cg'kdf u]xn6n] a]nfotL ;dfrf® ;ldlt ®f]o6;{;u“ eg]sL 5g\ . of] lkmNd x]ng] s]n® ® pgsf lzIfs PGgL ;'nLefgsf] hLjgLdf cfwfl®t xf] . d of] lkmNd ;+;f®s} nflu zf] s]z agf];,\ w]®} dflg;n] x]?g\ ® k|z; + f u?g\ eGg] rfxG5', lgb]z { s eG;fnLn] eg]sf 5g\ . ef®tLo lkmNd km]8®] ; ] gn] lkmNdnfO{ cf]:sf®df efu lngsf nflu dgf]gog ug]{ 5 . n

cfxf ! ANofs n 8L= cd[[t

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clk|n–h'g @))% ofqf

sf]7]kb sf]7]kb !

@

#

$ %

^

&

* ( !!

!@

!)

!#

!$

!%

!^ !&

t];f]{ != v';Lsf] sfdsfh -^_ $= 6fpsf] gePsf] z/L/ -#_ %= g/d -#_ ^= OlGb|osf] ljifo gePsf] -$_ *=;+s6df k/]sf -#_ !!= cfSsn em'Ssn -$_ !$= ph'/L -#_ !%=emsf]{ nfUbf] kmtkmt -$_ !^= cgfjZos emd]nf -#_ !&= cToGt a9L-#_ !*=clt cfgGb -^_

yfxf 5 <

!* — gGb–efph" tfn g]kfnsf] cUnf] lzv® ;u®dfyf cUnf] x'G5 . lrtjg lhNnfdf k5{ . ;a}eGbf g]kfndf k5{eg] bf];f| ] — ;+;f®df — g]kfnsf klxnf] gfos ® ljZjs} cUnf] lzv® t]h xfjf rNg] :yfg gflosfsf] gfd lzjz+s® ufl8{ªc \ fl:6ª\ -s]6_' cG6fs{l6sfsf] sdgj]Ny ® e'jg rGb xf] . kfls:tfgdf k5{ . xf] . Toxf“ rf}aL;} 3G6f — g]kfnsf] klxnf] bf}To — e'6fgnfO{ 8«fug clw®fHo b'O{ dLn k|lt3G6fsf] klg elgG5 . ;DaGw :yfkgf ePsf] ultdf xfjf rNg' :jfefljs dflgG5 . ®fi6« a]nfot -!*!^_ — ;+;f®sf] ;a}eGbf cUnf] k|f0fL lh®fkm xf] . efn] —kl;gf gcfpg] hLj v®fof] xf] .

— ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf ® lugLkLu x'g \ . lh®fkm !* lkm6;Dd

rf/ :tgsf] kL8f

g]kfndf Pp6L dlxnfsf rf/ j6f :tg ePsf] / tL ;a}af6 b"w cfpg] ;'Gbf cgf}7f] nfUg ;S5 . t/ of] jf:tljs s'/f xf] . bf]nvf lhNnfsf] nfdfau/ uflj; j8f g+ & 7f8L lgjf;L uf]7] tfdfªsL kTgL /:ofO{ tfdfªsf] z/L/df 5ftLsf b'O{ :tg afx]s sfvLd'lg b'jl} t/ yk Ps—Ps j6f :tg 5g\ . …ljjfx x'gc ' l3 s]xL yfxf lyPg . ljjfx eP/ klxnf] ;Gtfg hlGdPkl5 b'j} sfvLd'lg luvf{h:tf] lgl:sP/ Toxf“af6 b"w aUg yfNof],Ú tfdfªn] xfn} ;~rf/sdL{;u“ atfOg\— …To;kl5 dfq yk b'O{ j6f :tg ePsf] rfn kfP“ .Ú c¿ a]nf ;fdfGo x'g] u/] klg sfvLd'lgsf] :tg ;'Ts]/L ePsf] a]nf uflgPsf] pgn] atfPsL 5g\ . ;'Ts]/L ePsf] a]nf k|fN] kfls6g gfds xd{gn] dlxnfsf] b"w a9fpg] x'b“ f cGoq -sfvLd'lg_ klg a9]sf] b"w hfg] u/]sf] lj1x¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . bf]nvfsf] of] 36gfnfO{ eg] cfkm}d + f Ps cgf}7f] 36gf dflgPsf] 5 .

ofqf clk|n–h'g @))%

7f8f] != ;'g;fg -$_ @= b'jf{i6dL kj{-@_ #= ;w}+ ;“u} lx+8g\ ] ;fyLx¿-$_ %= Kofnf -@_ ^= kfos gkg]{ -#_ &=lxdlvd -$_ *=d:of}bf sfg'g -$_ (= wfgv]tsf] u/f] -#_ !)= sjfhsf] cEof; -#_ !@=cfbt-@_ !#= yfngLsf] k9fO -$_ !$=pd]/ gk'us ] f] -$_ !^=s'/f}6] -#_ !&= Hofbf -@_

s'g hgjf/sf] s:tf]] ljz]iftf < efn'—qmf]wL do"/—3d08L ;“u' /' —kmf]x/L dfx'/L—p4dL, :jfjnDaL e]8f—d"v{ 8f“km]—;f}Gbo{

l;+x—pRr ;fx; xfQL—a'emSs8 xf“;—d"v{ s5'jf—;':t :ofn—w"t{ af“b/—rnfv,km'tL{ ;'uf—gSsn

7§f klxnf] ukmf8L— a'em\of} ldq, d]/f] a'afn] ;g\ @)!) df x'g] cfGtl®s p8fgsf nflu l6s6 lnO;Sg'eof] lg . bf];f| ] ukmf8L— d]/f] a'af t emg olt kmfi6 x'gx' G' 5, pxf“n] csf]{ hGdsf afa'cfdfnfO{ Od]n u/]/ awfO{ lbO;Sg' ef] of/ .

8fS6/— laxfg–laxfg tftf] kfgL vfg';\ eg]sf] klg dfGg'xG' g, d}n] hlt;'s} k|of; u/] klg tkfO{n + fO{ lgsf] xf]nf h:tf] 5}g . la/fdL— dnfO{ >LdtLn] ;w}+ tftf]kfgL lblG5g\ t/ To;nfO{ lrof elG5g\, 8fS6/ ;fa . buddhaair.com

ljljw ljljw

sljtf

df5fk'R5«|] n

;'dgs'df/ zdf{

klxn]–klxn] k9\bf v]/L dfR5fsf] k'R5/h:tf] ePsf] df5fk'R5|«|] eGg] k9]h:tf] nfU5 . t/ kf]v/faf6 x]bf{ To:tf] nfu]g sf/0f s] eg]/ vf]tNbf kf]v/faf6 x]bf{ k'R5/ 5]lsP5 t/ hf]d;f]d hf“bf x]/s ] f] t 9\ofDd} b]lvP5 kf]v/fsf] efUoljwftf df5fk'R5«] ljb]zLn] To;}nfO{ x]g{] kf]v/]nLn] To;}n] ubf{ k]6 eg]{ a8f] cgf}7f] ;+ud b]v+] df5fk'R5]« / km]jftfn Pscfk;df x]/fx]/ dfq} b]vg] b'jn } fO{ cfk;df ldn]sf] eG5g\, h'gn ] L /ftdf dfR5fk'R5«] / km]jftfn Pscfk;df dfoflk/tL nfp5g\ /] Pscfk;df xf;v]n u5{g\ /] ljb]zLn] x]g{] n]s ;fO8 clg df5fk'R5«s ] f] r'r/' f] hf] cem} klg s'df/L 5 ;dlk{t x'g rfx“bg} vfnL x]/fx]/ dfq} ljb]zL;“u, g]kfnL;“u clg, km]jftfn;“u, To;}n] xf]nf oxf“ dx“uLn] df5fk'R5«] 5'g yfn]sf] km]jftfndf 8'aN' sL dfg{yfn]sf] clg, g]kfnLx¿ cfkm} rfpl/g yfn]sf] t}klg df5fk'R5«] To:t} /lx/xg]5 /lx/xg]5, /lx/xg]5– o'uf}; “ Dd .

-zdf{ a'4 Po/sf OlGhlgo/ x'g\ ._

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