Martial Arts Magazine Budo International 442 – January 1 fortnight – 2022 by Budo International Martial Arts Magazine

Ref.: • viet-9

For 4 decades, Patrick Levet has been involved in the propagation of Vietnamese martial culture. It is now time to move on to a more precise and detailed description of this form of combat, but also of its various forms of evolution which are the Vật de Vovinam Việt Võ Đạo and the Vật de Vovinam Integral. With this new DVD, Vietnamese Vat is presented in a completely new way. Instead of simply filming the techniques of the official program, fixed and without real application, Vat is shown in its traditional form detailing its main aspects (dress, refereeing, ritual, techniques, counter-attacks, tactics), its technical evolutions, as well as its differences, demonstrating why such evolutions occurred. This discipline is completely unknown to the general Western public despite being thousands of years old. The art of Vật is composed of hundreds of techniques and variations. However, the Vật techniques in Vovinam Việt Võ Đạo do not represent the proportion they deserve, only 28 techniques, despite the fact that the Founding Master was a Vật fighter. At Vovinam Integral we have tried to remedy this by adding many traditional Vật techniques, with over a hundred attack techniques (takedowns and projections) making up the overall program. To that we must add all the counter attacks for each takedown and projection technique as well as the defenses once on the ground. All this is complemented by all the techniques of compression, arm and leg locks, strangulation and choking, immobilization and controls, many of which are drawn from Jiu-jitsu, as is already the case in Vovinam Việt Võ Đạo.

All DVDs, wichi is produced by Budo International, si provided and alone in the formats DVD-5 or MPEG-2, in VCD, DivX or the like is however neves offered with a special holograma sticker. Besides our DVD is characteristed coverings by the hig quality in pressure and material. If this DVD and/or the DVD covering do not corespond to the requirements specified above, it concerns illegal pirat copy.

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Grand Master Martin Sewer presents in this work a complete course of Bak Hok Pai, the style of the white crane. The crane is an elegant animal. With its white feathered robe, one moment it stands like a ruler, guarding its territory. The next moment, it flaps its wings and moves forward at lightning speed. Although everyone has a clear picture of this graceful creature in their mind, most find it difficult to imagine this great bird in a fight. How does a crane actually fight when threatened? Like all animal styles, the crane style was created by studying the animal's strategies and tactics during a fight and transferring them to humans. This also gave rise to the five animal styles that have stood the test of time and are taught in my school today: Tiger, Crane, Snake, Leopard and Dragon. Mastering all these animal styles and the elements that go with them makes one a perfect human being, say the legends of Kung Fu, and it is naturally part of the philosophy of a true warrior to want to constantly improve and achieve perfection. Although the knowledge/skill of the five animals belongs to advanced levels, four of the mentioned styles are even accessible to beginners in the form of seminars. In them, eager students not only get a deeper insight into our Hung Gar, but also learn the first fighting techniques of the respective animal style, and the most common comment is: "I would not have thought that these techniques could be so efficient...!".

Ref.: • seweR-6

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“Don't wake him up, he's got insomnia, he's trying to sleep it off!” Groucho Marx

races of the imperishable, that inhabits us, struggle to break through the rubble of human stupidity. In each one of us, the battle of consciousness is fought in these terms. Do we ignore because we do not want to know? Or do we not know because we have not yet accessed knowledge? As the saying goes: "No man is blinder than the one who refuses to see", and in the face of such blindness, the only possible answer is experience, that through love or pain, will open our eyes. For others, the weary trail of search open, because climbing the mountain of understanding is always an arduous path, different for everyone, but strenuous for them all. Shreds of what we are will remain on the roads, on the slopes of the mountain and at each step; the climb will be steeper, the crossroads more arduous; the rarefied air from the heights will slow down your march, and the icy winds will relentlessly call into question your efforts. Even so, to reach the top will simply be accessing a transit station; in the distance, another even higher mole, will challenge you again, because the path of knowledge is built as much from what we acquire as from what we abandon.

Every year, at least one new book of my authorship appears. Like tracks in the wind, the messages they contain quietly scatter here and there, leaving vaporous marks on the existence of some readers, slipping between the seams of their thoughts, and sometimes, the best, tur ning on lights, warming hearts, or questioning the rigid walls of established truths, when their deepest feelings, those of the spirit, "play Reveille" for the sake of the mysteries of communication. However, this evolution of texts, whose only link is the capricious coming and going of my dalliances with consciousness, is so difficult to frame, to place within any epigraph, that not even I myself would know how to do it. Every year I call on my protective spirits to assist me in facing the arduous task of giving a title to this mixed bag, in which there are so many questions of the spirit, as well as reflections of our current moment and all this, moreover, without any solution of continuity. I am not misleading myself about their "high" purpose, value, or significance; they are nothing but footprints in the wind, wisps of my cigarette smoke, lost in the clouds of change. Signals with the bonfire

“Regarding responsibility, however, I do not get out of the way. I gladly sign what I write and maintain what I've said, because I think what I say, and I say what I think.”

language, smokes that only those most sensitive stalkers perceive, brothers in the distance who, like me, separate from the herd, questioning incessantly the supposed truths of consensus, always convenient there, where the flock communes. As much as my conscience doesn't retain at all any vestige of personal importance about these writing fruits that are my books, I don't forget that the wind is the great germinator. So, it's to the wind that I entrust the seeds that I reel here, and now and every time I face astonished, the terrifying white of that empty sheet, that spotless and immaculate challenges me every month, at least twice, in that editorial space that is not supported by any explanation, sometimes anachronistic, and always out of its natural context. What in the world are my writings doing in a Martial Arts magazine? The truth is that I wouldn't know what to answer to you, my dear readers.it is already a miracle that someone reads in these times, whatever the reading may be, but the truth is that fate, and I say it with knowledge of the cause, placed me here... And who am I to question such a great Lord?

So I let my pen slide over the paper, like someone unloading a weight, and let it come and go at the whim of its whims, sometimes giving it to the service of worldly questions and others to those more typical of the spirit. I do it with the certainty that there are those who in this process use my mediumship to serve causes greater than any personal purpose; and I gladly yield it, because I'm going through those ages, in which vanity peels, dries out and wrinkles due to its prolonged use. Regarding responsibility, however, I do not get out of the way. I gladly sign what I write and maintain what I've said, because I think what I say, and I say what I think. Sometimes, in an exercise more of curiosity than of vanity, I reread what I wrote in the past and I discover amazed the invisible thread that holds in continuity a speech sometimes truffled of eternal scents. But who am I to say that? These writings that I now present are no different from the previous ones, they are only traces in the wind, except that the seeds that they can carry, land on fertile ground, that of another spirit between two worlds, so inquisitive and hungry as the one who signs these lines.

“What in the world are my writings doing in a Martial Arts magazine? The truth is that I wouldn't know what to answer to you, my dear readers.it is already a miracle that someone reads in these times, whatever the reading may be, but the truth is that fate, and I say it with knowledge of the cause, placed me here... And who am I to question such a great Lord?”

Combate Militar Gladius Signum is the result of many years of study and practice in different combat systems, both hand-to-hand and armed confrontations. It was born as a need to have a coherent system adapted to the needs of today, thus covering the wide spectrum of situations in which both civilians and law enforcement agencies may be involved. Created from highly proven and functional systems, Gladius Signum collects, creates and unites the best of each one to make them available to the plaintiff with a clear objective: efficiency in the face of hostile aggression. In turn, it's subdivided into different branches, to provide training only in what is considered necessary for the student.

Combate Militar Gladius Signum is not an amalgam of techniques, but rather a coherent and adaptable system, following patterns of behavior, biomechanics and universal principles of combat. This took us a long study work for years, in which we learned to put out the egos in order to be able to do something coherent and effective. We asked ourselves a question: What did our ancestors do when they created all the systems of armed struggle or hand-to-hand combat that we know today? And what would those same people have done if they were in the 21st century and had to create something? The response was quick: they'd have availed themselves of all the knowledge and advantages that we have at our disposal today.

Combate Militar

“Today we can know what mental processes our brain uses and why it's capable of controlling distance through geometric figures; our brain has a region specialized in the perception of spatial geometry: its neurons give a complete vision of the environment in just 100 milliseconds.”

e must not discard the old and believe that it's no longer valid in moder n times or think that it doesn't work, those systems were created by and for war, highly tested in combat where life was at stake, thereby creating nations and empires. It's clear that we must put it on the table and give it the frame of reference in which we find ourselves today, taking advantage of the current knowledge that science offers us and access to the global information we count on. If our ancestors were in our times, there is no doubt that they would do something very great, they would not embrace egos or mindless fanaticism. So we tur ned our heads with enthusiasm to creating this system, Gladius Signum, which focuses on armed struggle and hence on emptyhanded confrontation, as it is destined for an environment where survival is paramount, not a sporting environment. This does not mean that we underestimate the sports field, we love tour naments, and we have been

Combate Militar “We must not discard the old and believe that it's no longer valid in modern times or think that it doesn't work.”

competitors, but we have to see in what context that knowledge is going to be used; this is something we all agree on. Faced with a hostile aggression where the other person wants to attack us with extreme violence and our survival is at stake, we realized something that we all know and rarely talk about. If we can, we will take a weapon or utensil that can serve us as such. This is something that always happens, it does not matter if we are Boxers, Karatekas, Judokas, etc. The advantage of having a gun in hand gives us when our life depends on it is invaluable, and we will always resort to use it without even thinking about it. That’s why we set up our system this way. Weapons have accompanied us since the Paleolithic, either to hunt or defend ourselves. This has created different systems of weapons around the world, but regardless of the way the techniques were executed, we saw a certain series of patterns that were repeated. It doesn't matter if it was during the time of Oda Nobunaga in Japan, in China with Lü Bu, Mongolia with Genghis Khan, Alexander the Great in Macedonia, Julius Caesar in Rome or Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza in Spain. Different times, different cultures and places in the world, and yet, they all share certain universal movements and patterns of struggle. This can also be seen in Martial Arts such as Karate, Wing tsun, Boxing, Judo, Filipino Kali and a multitude of Martial Arts. This series of principles or universal fighting patterns are those that any fighting system or Martial Arts school that wants to be effective in a real confrontation must have; without them, they will only be a collection of nonsensical techniques, which will not be effective in their real application. And it is not something mystical or our own opinion, it is simply pure science, which with the knowledge that we have today we can observe. Some of these principles are: control of the distance by means of geometric figures, the Central Line, the force vectors, elasticity, breathing and a great forgotten strategy and tactics. All these patterns are the same in the different combat arts, whether with weapons or bare-handed systems, it does not matter what era we are talking about, and this is so for a simple reason: we are all human, and we have the same musculoskeletal system, AKA human locomotore system. Our body emits the same series of hormones and goes through the same chemical and physiological processes in

Combate Militar the body when faced with an attack, and for this we have the same limbs, no matter what time in history or where in the world you are, since we are Humans. This leads to this series of patterns being repeated over time, something that our ancestors already realized, and we mustn't lose this knowledge that they learned through blood, sweat and tears. And well, we have the old part! Now it is time to analyze it, improve it with current knowledge and provide it with something they didn't have it as developed as we currently have it today, in the end it's what they did with the resources they had.

Today we can know what mental processes our brain uses and why it's capable of controlling distance through geometric figures; our brain has a region specialized in the perception of spatial geometry: its neurons give a complete vision of the environment in just 100 milliseconds, this is recorded in the occipital lobe, that is where we intervene to draw the geometry of the spaces. This is key to know if we are inside or outside, or what our options may be when moving, so with some practice, it's easily possible to imagine geometric figures on the ground, for our displacements or on the body of our enemy to

“Different times, different cultures and places in the world, and yet, they all share certain universal movements and patterns of struggle.”

Combate Militar “Gladius Signum is not an amalgam of techniques, but rather a coherent and adaptable system, following patterns of behavior, biomechanics and universal principles of combat.”

break his lines of tension or his central axis. This is something you can see in the scientific studies at Columbia University. Now let’s talk about the central axis of the body or central line, if we attack or control that axis of our opponent, we will have much won, this is because by attacking that line we attack the mobility of our column, which is the central axis of the human body and connects all parts of the skeleton, serves as a flexible support and holds the trunk; thanks to this we can stand upright. Clearly we do not attack directly to the column if not to its mobility; if we destabilize that axis, our enemy will have a hard time, and for that we will attack the frontal areas such as the windpipe, the solar plexus, to reach the diaphragm, that there is a relationship between the tension of the body muscles and the diaphragm, refractory of any muscular tension with respect also to the spine, following that central line takes us to the center of gravity of the human body that is in the pelvis and takes care of our balance. As we have been able to see, this is a great universal struggle pattern that surely we have all quickly recognized as we read it. We can see how everything is related; by attacking the Central Line and the diaphragm, we attack directly the opponent’s breathing, since the diaphragm is the muscle that performs the movements that make breathing possible, thus it shortens and tenses when we breathe in, and it is released when we breathe out, if we can do it properly. On the contrary, if we manage to attack that area, it may not be possible.

Combate Militar “Conscious breathing allows your body to take advantage of the autonomic nervous system pathway, which is responsible for heart rate and for reducing the secretion of stress hormones.”

“If we cannot breathe well we are practically exhausted, not enough oxygen will reach the muscles causing the cells not to get enough energy.”

Combate Militar If we cannot breathe well we are practically exhausted, not enough oxygen will reach the muscles causing the cells not to get enough energy. Fatigue, lethargy and muscle weakness is the first thing we will begin to notice, this will lead to hypoxia and when it begins to affect our brain we will be lost. That's why it's of the utmost importance to breathe properly during combat, both to correctly perform

movements and displacements, and to be able to control hormones that, in times of great stress, are through the roof. Conscious breathing allows your body to take advantage of the autonomic nervous system pathway, which is responsible for heart rate and for reducing the secretion of stress hormones. Something very used by the military today to be able to act effectively in conflict situations.

“It’s necessary to demystify this belief that combat is only an exchange of blows left and right. A cultivated mind is much more valuable than techniques.”

So far we have seen how these concepts can be understood and developed in a more effective way thanks to the knowledge we currently have and to the amazing technological advances. Even so, we realized that, on a psychological and pedagogical level, they were quite out of date for modern

times, as is understandable. This is where we at Gladius Signum have wanted to stress, developing coherent study programs that help a better understanding of the system. Formerly, not everyone had access to reading or writing, and in general they lacked knowledge related to fighting. This made the teachers of the time take so long to teach,

“We have seen many well prepared people who, in a situation of real conflict, were unable to react and apply all those things that so easily performed while training in the Dojo.”

Combate Militar

“We need to study why these techniques, what they do and how they behave when we use them.”

because they had to start from scratch. That doesn't happen today, any child in school learns to read, write, exercise, etc. This gives us the opportunity through pedagogy to teach in several years what previously took decades, giving the possibility of greater learning, removing from the root the absurd collecting of techniques, and giving importance to the study of them, for their compression and application in a combat. We should not have a student for years performing

a technique without understanding its application, or what processes occur when performing it or the damage it may cause; in this way we will only achieve many years of practice and little efficiency, so that when the real moment comes to the crunch, we'll discover that it did not help us much. If we talk about military or police contexts, it goes without saying that they risk their most valuable asset: life. Therefore, having a correct pedagogy is of vital importance, so that people can learn and study correctly

Combate Militar with adequate didactics, otherwise it would only be a matter of repetition. We need to study why these techniques, what they do and how they behave when we use them. It’s necessary to demystify this belief that combat is only an exchange of blows left and right. A cultivated mind is much more valuable than techniques. This brings us to the next point. The importance of the mind over the human body, something that we all know very well, though we rarely emphasize when teaching. We have seen many well prepared people who, in a situation of real conflict, were unable to react and apply all those things that so easily performed while training in the Dojo. All because they had only trained their physical capacities, not their mental capacities and the cognitive processes that it entails for a situation in which you have to survive. What moves our body, gives the orders and interprets the situation to create a strategy and a tactic is our brain,

Combate Militar

and we must give as much importance or more than the physical technical section. We do not mean that we only have to train this part, rather we have to train them at the same time. In this way our capabilities will respond quickly, calmly and forcefully, without hesitation to survive. In conclusion, we wanted to give a small vision of what Gladius Signum represents, where we have put our focus and how this works for any type of context of struggle or armed conflict. Hopefully you liked it, we leave you a little quote from Erick Hoffer. “In times of change, learners inherit the earth; while the learned find themselves beautifully equipped to deal with a world that no longer exists.”

Ref.: • SKOGOReV-28

Ref.: • SKOGOReV-29

Dmitriy Skogorev, leader of the Russian school Systema Sibirskiy Viun, presents in these 2 volumes a complete work on defense against gun threats, disarms and the use of the snatched weapon or our own. A structured arsenal of disarming techniques based on the basic knowledge of the biomechanics of the human body, its joint mobility, psychology and the properties of firearms, and which may differ from other combat systems. If these facts are not taken into account, there will be many contradictions in the execution of our actions. Skogorev explains in detail the ways of carrying and holding the weapon, the method of quick preparation for shooting, static and moving exercises, intuitive aiming, ways of disarming against pistol threats in various situations and distances (frontal threats to the head and abdomen, to the side, from behind, sitting on a chair,...), how to get out of the line of attack, protection of the weapon, elementary acrobatics with the pistol, and ground work. A work of interest to everyone who is engaged in hand-to-hand combat and the system of protection and work with a pistol. "In a real situation, relying on the skills learned many years ago in courses is, in my opinion, somewhat presumptuous. Skills need to be improved constantly." D. Skogorev.

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Ref.: • AfLOReS1

Guro Ariel Flores Mosses introduces for the first time, how the fighting arts of Punong Guro Edgar G. Sulite of Lameco, GM Christopher N. Ricketts of Ilustrisimo and GM Conrad A. Manaois of Manaois Eskrima transitions to Firearms combat training. Guro Mosses shares the Importance of footwork such as Retirada Ilustrisimo, Retirada Caballero and Hakbang Paiwas and the effectiveness of footwork to create the distances and angles you need to pull off your arsenal. Long, Medium and Close range drills are shown to understand where to place yourself against an opponet(s). In addition, Guro Mosses covers the transitional techniques thru various firearm drills including LIVE FIRE exercises and for the first time on DVD shares the "MG-5" gun retention technique against any attacker attempting to seize your gun. These training drills are a must for any level or discipline and reveals the practicality of the Fighting Arts of the Philippines.

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KWAN

“According to Leibniz’s Dynamic Equilibrium System, evolving a structure (such as a Martial Art) gives us the means of obtaining as much variety as possible, but with the greatest possible order, with the objective of achieving as much perfection as possible.”

Most languages contain words that acquire different meanings according to the context and the age in which they are used. One of those words is the word “school”. The first meaning that usually comes to mind is that of a building were children or young adults are educated, although technically the actual building should be referred to as a “schoolhouse”. The word is also used as a generic term to refer to education in general (for example: “I went to school in New York”), or to any kind of institution, public or private, such academies, militar y training, colleges, learning centers, or any organization pr oviding training in business, pr ofessional certifications (such as Real Estate agent), trades (such as Electrician or Truck Driver), artistic pursuits (such as Music, Acting or Dancing) and sports (such as Gymnastics, Tennis or Golf). They are all called “Schools”. But the word “school” has another interesting use that even pre-dates the invention of the idea of using a building as a school, and was actually the original, intended, and commonly understood meaning. But because of that meaning being more abstract and conceptual, it is somewhat more difficult to define. Think about the expression “school of thought”, or Philosophy school (as in Platonic, Stoic, Epicur ean), or in school of Painting (as in Baroque, Impressionist, Cubism), or in school of Cooking (as in Mediterranean, Fusion, Vegan). By those examples you can see that the word school does not refer to the building where the teaching and learning take place, but instead it defines a “style” or a specific body of knowledge within the greater field of a given physical or intellectual human endeavor.

nter the Martial Arts, where we also mostly use the word school in its more modern, prosaic meaning: the actual building where we attend classes, (often using the generic words “Dojo” and “Dojang”). That is because when we actually refer to or discuss the different “styles” of a Martial Art, we generally use Asian terminology. Therefore, in Chinese Martial Arts, we use the word “Kwoon”, in Japanese arts “Ryu”, and in Korean arts “Kwan”. However, we must be careful not to oversimplify their use, and remember that there are numerous nuances and subtleties connected to each of those words that are usually not understood or are ignored by most Western martial artists. In fact, the words may refer to a family lineage, a tribal tradition, a Military clan, a unique training method, a special artistic expression, or simply a group of “schools” controlled or operated by a particular Grandmaster. From the very beginning of the introduction of Asian Martial Arts to the West in the 1940s, students were exposed to the different “styles” within the same art, and although it was easier to just say “I study karate”, there were and are significant and tangible difference between the various styles such as Goju-ryu, Isshin-ryu, Shorin-ryu, and Wado-ryu, to mention just a few. Although my Martial Arts history includes training, knowledge and experience in several arts, the majority of my background is steeped in the Korean arts, so, in this discussion I will focus specifically on the nature, meaning and relevance of a “Kwan”. Most Taekwondo students who have had even only a cursory, superficial exposure to their art’s history are aware that the very genesis of the art is rooted in the existence of different “Kwans”. It has been reported that during the early formative period (1944 – 1956) there were as many as 60 different kwans in Korea. Although there are some conflicting historical records, and some authors disagree with the accepted, “official” version, it is commonly taught that there were only six “major” kwans that eventually agreed to unite to form the new Martial Art called Taekwondo in 1956. They were: Chung Do Kwan, Song Moo Kwan, Moo Duk Kwan, Chang Moo Kwan, Ji do Kwan, and Oh Do Kwan. Some researchers, however, claim that there were at least four additional kwans involved in the different stages of the unification of Taekwondo, and they were: Yun Moo Kwan, Kuk Moo Kwan, Han Moo Kwan, and Jung Do Kwan.

Regardless of the accuracy of the official records, or of the other claims, the rest, as they say, it’s history. Taekwondo is today the most widely practiced Martial Art in the world, with an estimated 100 million students in over 120 countries. Not bad for a few kwans getting together in the 1950s! As a student, and later as an Instructor, of Taekwondo, I was part of Chang Moo Kwan, which translates into: “School of the Martial Spirit” and was founded in 1946 by Grandmasters Yoon Byung In and Nam Suk Lee. Before founding their own style (kwan), they had studied a Korean Martial Art called Kong Soo Do. When I became seriously dedicated to the teaching of Hapkido in the mid 1980s, the art was not yet very popular, and I noticed that it was not as fragmented with many different kwans as other arts. There were just a few known kwans that actually reflected more the differences in the “Governing Bodies” (Associations / Federations) than any major differences in the technical material. I could not have possibly imagined in those days that 15 years later I would become the formally recognized and officially certified Founder of my own Hapkido kwan. It happened in 1999. After spending over a decade refining, modernizing, modifying, and evolving a comprehensive Hapkido curriculum for my organization, it became clear that it was no longer the same “style” that I had originally learned. It had developed its own unique identity, its own specific structure, and its own technical and conceptual framework. In other words, it had become a new “kwan”. While it was true that Combat Hapkido was “my style” of Hapkido, at that time it had no official recognition by any Korean Martial Arts Governing Body. Of course, that did not necessarily result in the lack of success for my organization or the lack of popularity

of my style. It simply meant that without that formal certification it would be more difficult to establish a proven lineage and a prestigious legacy to pass on to our students worldwide. Fortunately, all that changed in March 1999 when my Teacher, Grandmaster In Sun Seo, presented me with the official registration of my style of Hapkido, issued by the World Ki-Do Federation, an organization chartered and accredited by the Korean Government. Combat Hapkido was now a legitimate, officially recognized “Kwan”. We were even given a Korean name: “Chon-tu Kwan Hapkido” (combat style Hapkido). I was the first, and, at that time, the only American to have ever received the honor of being recognize as the legitimate Founder of a kwan of a Korean Martial Art. Some people still ask what caused my style to be singled out for such unique honor; what makes Combat Hapkido so different from other styles? What makes me a true, official Founder when there are martial artists everywhere “founding new styles” everyday? In my last book, “Journey into the Yin and Yang”, I devoted an entire chapter to answer just those questions. Titled “Making a Fruit Salad”, it addressed the issues concerning the founding of a martial art style: what makes a style legitimately new, unique and relevant; what are the founders’ credentials; what makes them qualified

“Although my Martial Arts history includes training, knowledge and experience in several arts, the majority of my background is steeped in the Korean Arts.”

to do so, and what are their true motives. But I believe that, at this time, in this dissertation, I can further elaborate the real nature of a true kwan, provide additional insight, and add an interesting philosophical perspective. A few months ago, while reading a book on different “schools” of philosophy I came across the profound concepts proposed by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646 – 1716). A German polymath, mathematician, logician, and one of the greatest natural philosophers of the Enlightenment, he defined in eminently elegant and concise wording the process of creating positive changes within a structure without corrupting the original (and ending up making it into a “fruit salad”!). According to Leibniz’s Dynamic Equilibrium System, evolving a structure (such as a Martial Art) gives us the means of obtaining as much variety as possible, but with the greatest possible order, with the objective of achieving as much perfection as possible. The principle allows constant change (the refining of a new style), even with some randomness, but the changes and the randomness have “rhythm” and are held within a much larger structure (the Art), in balance, without violating any physical laws. In our case, the original Martial Art is the structure that Leibniz so appropriately called “Preestablished Harmony”, and it is what prevents the evolving “style” from falling apart and devolving into chaos (and becoming an ugly and worthless “fruit salad”!). Thus, creating a truly valid new kwan can only and must only be accomplished within the technical and esthetic boundaries of the original structure (the original art). Obviously, such a complex, delicate and important endeavor cannot be taken lightly or casually because it carries ethical duties and serious responsibilities. Only mature, profoundly knowledgeable, individuals possessing vision, humility and a high degree of integrity should attempt such a task. With creativity, wisdom and hard work, exciting, productive evolution can be successfully achieved in a Dynamic Equilibrium System while respecting and honoring the Preestablished Harmony. Leibniz’s brilliant philosophical concepts have been applied to music, sport, fashion, cuisine and many other activities. And although he obviously never specifically mentioned the creation of a new kwan, I believe that, if he had been familiar with that subject, he would have definitively agreed with and approve of the application of those principles to the Martial Arts.

Paul Vunak

HIV Implications of a Street fight in the New Millennium I am frequently asked about the possibility of contracting HIV as a result of a streetlight. This question is usually brought up during the discussion of Kina Mutay. This is certainly is a logical question when one pictures someone's blood in your mouth. I first approached this dilemma in 1986. As a result, I investigated the issue with some of the world's leading immunologists - among them Dr. Ho (one of the original discoverers of the virus), Dr. David Hardy of the University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, and Dr. Michael Gottlieb, a pioneer in HIV research. When I first posed the question to them, they said there were no reported cases of anyone having contracted the virus as a result of a streetlight. Basically, the odds of transmission were u≠nquantifiable.

Paul Vunak s the years went on and more and more cases of HIV were reported, more information became available. Doctors had developed tests called the ELISA and the Western Blot, which could not detect the virus itself, but could detect the antibodies that occur when the virus is present in the body. Around the years 1989-1991, during my years with the Navy SEAL teams in Virginia, I saw my share of streetlights. On many occasions I would find myself drenched in blood - both mine and my assailant's. This led me to continue my edification on the possibility of contracting the virus. It was around this time that two new tests were developed, both more sophisticated in their ability to detect infection by HIV. One was a much more sensitive antibody test called Radio Immune Precipitation Assay (or RIPA for short). The other signaled a major breakthrough in AIDS research because it could actually detect the virus itself, not just the antibodies. This test was called a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). This test acts like a copy machine, replicating the virions (virus particles) and detecting extremely minute particles. (AIDS, being a retrovirus, has extremely small virions). Another major advantage of the PCR test is that one can obtain test results in as little as 14 days from the potential

“I am frequently asked about the possibility of contracting HIV as a result of a streetlight. This question is usually brought up during the discussion of Kina Mutay.”

Paul Vunak “Going back to the scenario of contracting HIV by biting someone, you must understand that the mouth is a mucous membrane, and is not a direct portal into the bloodstream (as long as there are no open sores on the mouth).”

date of infection. Previous to the PCR, there was a three-to-six-month window for the body to produce enough antibodies to be detectable. Once doctors could determine the exact viral load (through the PCR), they understood to a much greater degree how the virus was transmitted. Their conclusion was that the most likely scenario for transmission would be for contaminated blood to find its way directly into the bloodstream itself. This is why intravenous drug users are at such a high risk for contracting HIV. In the early 1990s, the Center for Disease Control produced a statistic that only 1 in 220 people (nurses or other medical professionals) who had accidentally pricked themselves with HIVcontaminated needles would actually seroconvert, and subsequently produce antibodies. Going back to the scenario of contracting HIV by biting someone, you must understand that the mouth is a mucous membrane, and is not a direct portal into the bloodstream (as long as there are no open sores on the mouth). First, when you bite someone you will not always get blood in your mouth. Secondly, the possibility of any virus particles surviving the digestive acids of the stomach would be extremely unlikely. This is not to say that it is impossible to contract HIV through a mucous membrane, as there have been a small number of infections reported. However, it is much less

Paul Vunak

likely than if HIV-positive blood goes directly into the bloodstream. A more likely scenario for infections is that we would simply cause our opponent to bleed (through punch, kick, or other strike) and that blood then makes contact with any open wound. These open wounds could literally be microscopic in nature: a fingernail scrape, punctures on the knuckles from hitting teeth, "road rash," etc. If you've ever watched a college or professional basketball game, you may have noticed that any time a player starts bleeding from an injury, officials instantly remove the player from the game. The player is allowed back on the court only after the bleeding has been contained and the wound properly dressed. Maybe we should all re-evaluate our paradigm of street fighting. As with anything in life, one should assess the risk-to-reward ratio. If the potential risk is contracting a deadly disease, then you need to carefully evaluate what the "reward" for fighting would be. If it is to save your life or the lives of your family, then the answer is clear. However, if the reward is ego-based and you're fighting because someone just made an obscene gesture, then the end may not justify the means.

“If the potential risk is contracting a deadly disease, then you need to carefully evaluate what the "reward" for fighting would be.”

Hwa Rang Do

Discipline PART 2 Discipline: We punish criminals within our society who wish to do harm and inflict suffering to others intentionally. However, we discipline those whom we love so that they will understand what is right and wrong, not repeating the same mistakes so that they may avoid future suffering to themselves and others by their ill-actions. Photos by Claire Davey

“The goal in life is not to be disciplined by others but to be self-disciplined and if the parent/teacher does not discipline, then life, society, government will discipline your child/student and it will be much more unforgiving.”

Hwa Rang Do here are two types of discipline: One, which is inflicted on you and the other is self-discipline. By learning to obey the rules and following directions, the goal is to teach the child/student to be self-gover ned and selfdisciplined; that they choose to obey not because they must, but because they want to as they believe it to be right. They must learn that each of their actions has consequences and whether they are negative or positive depends on the choices that they make. All good behavior should be complimented, but it is more important that all their negative behaviors are met with negative consequences, disciplinary measures. Once you fail to do so, then you are directly or indirectly supporting their negative behavior. I tell the parents and my instructors that it is like the colors of black and white. You must teach the child/student in the beginning black and white, as they grow older, they will lear n all the shades of grey. However, if you start with grey, it will be extremely difficult to impossible to extract the black and the white from the grey. There’s no need to teach grey as their life will be mostly grey throughout their entire lifetime. It has been my experience in teaching over forty years as well as my personal experience that the ones who were raised strict, although they rebel in their teens usually come back to doing right and become good people, but the ones who were raised without

Hwa Rang Do boundaries or rules rarely recover and end up living a difficult, dysfunctional life. I use an example to teach my junior students but the lesson transcends age and I often tell it to my adult students as well. I ask them what happens when they do not clean their bedrooms and their mother finds out? They answer, “Oh we get in trouble!” Then I ask them what would the mother do if she comes into the room, expecting it to be dirty and it’s super clean? Then they usually are speechless for a while, but they start to get a big grin on their faces. I finish by saying that most likely the mother would complement you and say how wonderful you are, maybe even get a reward or a gift later. I tell them that it is the same act of cleaning the room which they must do whether they like it or not, however, each have different consequences. What was the difference? One is the product of being lazy and not doing what they should have which lead to being disciplined and the other is the product of being self-disciplined to do what they should do without being told or disciplined to do it. We do not

need discipline to do the things we like, but we need discipline to do the things we don’t necessarily enjoy but that we must. You would think this is obvious, but it’s far from being obvious. In fact, it’s illusive and ethereal to most. Once, I asked an adult female student in her late twenties if she had her Student Study Guide in which she replied that she did. Then I asked her why she didn’t bring it to class? She went on to say that it was too big to fit in her bag, so she didn’t bring it. I then asked her what happens if a student in school forgets her schoolbook for class? She remained silent. So, I finished for her by saying that most likely that she would get in trouble and so it is same here and the next time she forgets it, she will have to do knuckle pushups as a disciplinary measure. She walked away upset and after that class I never saw her again. She was offended by my comments, that being an adult no one should talk to her that way, like if she was a little child never realizing how foolish her excuse was. A person is judged by their actions, not by their words or intentions.

Hwa Rang Do

“The road to hell is paved with good intentions” The goal in life is not to be disciplined by others but to be selfdisciplined and if the parent/teacher does not discipline, then life, society, gover nment will discipline your child/student and it will be much more unforgiving. By teaching that each person has the power of choice and that everything happens in our lives through the choices that we make is empowerment and this is the way to gain back the control of our lives. “…but we rejoice in our sufferings, knowing that suffering produces endurance, and endurance produces character, and character produces hope…” Romans 5: 3-4

Tenacity: If the above two have been done correctly, then being tenacious should be a natural result. What is important is to never allow them to quit. Never losing, never making a mistake is impossible, however, never giving up is possible. Always being first, always winning is unrealistic and it is not completely in the control of the individual, however, finishing, completing the task is. One can enter a race and finish as long as they do not quit,

Hwa Rang Do even though if that means they finish last. And, if somehow, they get injured and are forced to quit, then they can enter again in another race and finish. The motivation to continue must be stronger than the desire to quit. As human beings, it is our nature to first seek for comfort and the easier path. Even though our mind creates thousands of reasons to justify quitting, the one and only reason to continue must prevail. That then is the test of one’s conviction, “how badly do I want it!” In most cases the reason for quitting is that they cannot imagine and see themselves finishing, they have lost hope. It is hope that drives us all and hope arises from belief, from faith. Too often we give up on ourselves, yet we are inspired by others to continue. “If no one believes me, why should I continue.” A person with a weak mind with low self-esteem and self-confidence will always look for a way to quit, to give up as that is their normal MO (method of operation). No one expected them to finish or succeed so they disappoint no one, neither themselves nor others. Even when they stop believing in themselves, you must believe in them and through your belief, your faith you can inspire them,

Oh, and one more important thing “HARD WORK!” If they are too cleaver, then they surely try to find easy ways, and some may achieve but most will fail in this path. However, whether clever or not, with hard work much can

Hwa Rang Do be achieved. Thought alone changes nothing, it is only through action. Hence, the goal in all things we do is to first conceive it in our minds then through hard work and persistence, put it into the world, bringing it to reality.

“Following the path of least resistance is what makes rivers and men crooked” I have written down some recommendations you should and should not do, not in any particular order. This applies for both parents and teachers, as I have stated in the last article “Parenting is Teaching, and Teaching is Parenting.” As parents you must also teach your children and not be dependent only on their schoolteachers for everything, especially in morality; and although teachers are not parents, you

should care for the children and teach them as though they are your own child. Furthermore, as parents it is also your responsibility to know what your children are being taught and who’s teaching them. It is prudent to know and understand the teacher, the school, and their philosophy. Although a parent should not interfere in the class while the teacher is teaching or contest the curriculum without proper knowledge, they need to be vigilant that what their children are learning in schools is in line with how you want to raise you child. Of course, this means that you must be studied, informed, but this is what it means to be a parent, a guardian. “Children are a gift from the Lord; they are a reward from him.” Psalm 127:3 “Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger by the way you treat them. Rather, bring them up with the discipline and instruction that comes from the Lord.” Ephesians 6:4

“The motivation to continue must be stronger than the desire to quit. As human beings, it is our nature to first seek for comfort and the easier path.”

Krav Maga When we were children and went to sports classes at school, each of us faced an exercise that tested our c o o r d i n a t i o n . S t r a n g e n e s s , misunderstanding, frustration, laughter - all these reactions are unique to each individual. As an adult and teacher in the world of sport for three decades, I would like to share with you the understanding of coordination in the young people we teach with passion.

Coordination ... Music mastery in physical education

Krav Maga “Understanding how coordination works to avoid mistakes and elevate our professionals to the highest level” Coordination is broadly defined as: The ability to use different parts of the body together in a fluid and effective way. In physical education, coordination is the physical ability of the human body to move or move in a synchronized way, through ordered muscular and skeletal movements.

“Coordination is a neuromuscular capacity that is determined by genetic factors and is perfected with learning” Teaching Krav Maga to children, the study and understanding of the age pyramid is essential. For our article, we will start at the age of 8. Research shows that, starting at this age, children can practice so-called coordination and opposition sports, both individually and collectively.

Why? Simply because they are able to coordinate their movements, but also to dissociate them. At this time, they can try all kinds of activities to find what is best for them from a physical and behavioral point of view, so that sports or martial disciplines are fun. It is important for parents to take note: A child who often changes sports or martial activities is not a bad thing and is certainly not a failure.

What do the numerous scientific studies tell us about this famous “Coordination”? Coordination develops best between ages 7 and 14, with the most crucial period being between ages 10 and 13. It must be taken into account that there is a difference in precocity between girls and boys.

There seems to be a ceiling in development and coordination ability, based on much research. Younger practitioners who learn to master the elements associated with good coordination (balance, rhythm, spatial awareness, reaction, etc.) do much better than practitioners who are not exposed to this type of physical stimulation until they are older. The ability to optimally develop coordination ends around age 16. This validates the claim that early and thorough exposure is key from a sports development perspective. Again, global coordination will serve as the basis for developing specific coordination in adolescence.

“Scientists and researchers mention that the development of coordination is a process that spans years of exposure and is based on two main points: DIVERSITY and VERSATILITY” “What you need to understand is that it is not advisable to insert young practitioners into a too specific learning dynamic too soon!” Another important point to know is that coordination exercises should be introduced during pre-adolescence. The teenage years are not a good time to start coordination training elements. As strength, speed, height and body mass change dramatically over the years; it is much safer to reinforce known movements than to teach new ones. Important to note: the period of intensive growth of the pubertal phase corresponds to a temporary deterioration in coordination! That is why we have the impression that, at this time, young people are not in control of their own bodies.

“This is where the art and understanding of developing a young practitioner reside” Both teachers and parents must accept that a practitioner's development is a path or process that includes many different degrees of stimulation, all built on top of each other.

Plasticity of the nervous system… It all starts from our central computer! Coordination training, for example, is introduced during pre-adolescence, when the plasticity of the nervous system is high and movement patterns are not yet established as permanent. The scope of coordination training changes during the teenage years, during which physical growth alters the movement patterns previously mastered by the young practitioner. At present, movement improvement should prevail over learning new movement-based skills. After adolescence, coordination training can again be taken to new levels.

Krav Maga Genetic predisposition… Don't panic! A point to be considered regarding coordination is that genetic predisposition plays an important role. Less coordinated children will likely never show naturally coordinated children's tendencies, regardless of their education. This does not mean that improvements cannot be made, quite the contrary.

Coordination training… Some basic principles From an early age ... Coordination improves through learning and mastering new movements. Starting early, young practitioners test their skills (within reason) with coordination exercises. The more coordination a young

practitioner has, the more skill she will demonstrate in any discipline in perspective. Vary the exercises regularly ... Young practitioners learn fast in most cases. Make sure you challenge them both physically and intellectually with new exercises and often. Involve young practitioners on an individual and appropriate level ... Some young people have good balance, while others show good rhythm. The key to successful training is to discover the coordination elements that every athlete needs, and to develop exercises that are more targeted to areas for improvement. Throughout our lives we are faced with working on our coordination, and that is good! The benefits of good coordination are numerous and not always well known. Here are some examples (the most cited in sports literature) that can motivate you to maintain and even improve your skills.

After reading the benefits of having good coordination, the Krav Maga practitioner will redouble their efforts to improve it again and again ... Why? • The task is carried out with the minimum expenditure of energy and time. • Unnecessary muscle contractions are avoided. • The overall efficiency of the exercise is improved, whether it be in terms of strength, flexibility, endurance or speed. • The final results have a high degree of effectiveness. • Precision in the execution of movements. We are all capable of achieving high quality coordination ... So DO IT ... Always with pleasure! Stéphane Denis Wingate Coach Israel Master in Physical Education and Sport www.stephane-denis.eu

Krav Maga “From an early age ... Coordination improves through learning and mastering new movements. By starting early, young practitioners test their skills (within reasonable limits) with coordination exercises.”

Krav Maga

Stéphane Denis Wingate Coach Israel Máster en Educación Física y Deporte www.stephane-denis.eu

Shihan Carlos Garcia, founder of Kempo Aiki-Jutsu, practitioner, Master and eternal apprentice of martial arts, and representative for Europe of GGM Jack Shamburger of Hawaiian Kenpo, makes a complete introduction to his system, which arises from the fusion of three main martial arts, Kempo, Aikido and Ju-Jutsu, with influences of Karate, Wing-Chun, Kick Boxing, etc.. From his hand we will know the 1st Kata of the style and some of its main Bunkais to enter directly with one of the pillars of the system, self-defense. We will analyze in detail situations of defense against chest grabs, direct punch attacks and combinations, with variants, from the guard, or incorporating controls and dislocations typical of Aikido, defense against basic kicks (Lowkick, Mae Geri), ground work (JuJutsu and Judo), 3 chained techniques and finally a sample of Kali work, defense against attack with stick. A program in constant evolution in the part of self-defense, incorporating and discarding movements to improve, but at the same time very traditional in the part of Aikido and Kenpo, to maintain its initial essence. "I want to tell the new generations to learn as much as they can, from whomever they can, and above all to respect all practitioners and Masters, no matter what their style or lineage. If you like something take it, if not, let it go."

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In this DVD, Master Giuseppe Vuovolo, from the non-profit association "Knights of Honor and Humility" (associazione "Cavalieri d'Onore e Umiltà") founded by himself, will introduce us to a little-known world: that of the so-called Popular Arts of the Italian tradition, more precisely those of southern Italy (Manfredonia, Puglia). Together with his students, you will have the opportunity to see specific warm-up and combat techniques with various weapons that will be displayed, from a knife to a billhook knife, from a billhook knife to a razor and even a cane. There is also no shortage of empty hand techniques, rare enough to be found in other schools of popular arts. You will have the opportunity to study the application of techniques both individually and in pairs, both in self-defense and in real combat demonstrations with each individual weapon presented. Good viewing for all fans!

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Wing Chun International Why we all need Martial Arts in our lives for me it was Wing Chun I’m sure that we have all looked at what benefits learning a Martial art can give us and what joy we can gain from doing something slightly different then most of other activities. If there is a field that comprises ethics, aesthetics, action theory, cognitive science, and philosophy, it is martial arts. Regardless of your age or athletic ability, Martial arts can offer many ways to improve your health and your life. For me it was Wing Chun. Her e ar e several things that I believe we should all gain from learning a Martial art. Improvement takes time and effort In today’s society where everything can almost be obtained in an instant and we want everything now, when it comes to martial arts the harsh reality of how long it takes to get good is quickly impressed upon us. We don’t go from being beginners to experts instantly. We need to make consistent and regular efforts over a long period of time. We know this from training, and the same lesson applies to everyday life. Whatever it is you want to get good at, whatever it is you want to achieve or do, it will take consistent effort over a long period of time. Halfhearted and sporadic efforts won’t cut it. We can’t make ourselves better martial artists simply by wishing we were better. So your martial arts training should have instilled into you that whatever it is you want to achieve, it is going to require effort and time. Make that effort, over time, and you will make progress. Ideally for every hour you spend training with your instructor in lessons you need to put a minimum of four hours for yourself to develop what you have learnt. “I always explain it to my students like this just because you have passed your driving test doesn’t mean you can become a formula one racing driver now you have to develop the skills and face the open road for yourself”

“Training is at first is never easy. It’s hard work! the sense of achievement and the results of training are fun! Our martial arts training therefore instils into us that we need to accept that discomfort as a precursor to growth. We accept discomfort as the necessary price to achieve this.”

Wing Chun International For growth we need to be outside our comfort zone Bruce Lee: The Lost Interview - “When you're talking about fighting, as it is, with no rules, well then, baby you'd better train every part of your body! ". Training is at first is never easy. It’s hard work! the sense of achievement and the results of training are fun! Our martial arts training therefore instils into us that we need to accept that discomfort as a precursor to growth. We accept discomfort as the necessary price to achieve this. While some may quit at the first sign of difficulty or discomfort – mistakenly believing that there is a sign that something is “wrong” – we martial arts types know they are a precursor to growth. We just stick with it, we keep showing up, and we know that progress will follow. So you should know that whatever you wish to progress in, it is going to involve discomfort and difficulty; and, as a martial artist, you should be totally OK with that. “Walk on road, hm? Walk left side, safe. Walk right side, safe. Walk middle, sooner or later – Squish! Mr Miyagi, Karate Kid love this quote

The Fear of failure Most of us have some fear of failure and always want a guarantee of success, when we fear failure we will never break out of our comfort zone. This not the martial way! Every one of us in the martial arts has experienced failure. We have got technique wrong, being punched, kicked, thrown, strangled, locked, etc. We’ve failed grading and been totally outclassed in sparring, and so on. From this we learn. We accept it as part of our journey and is not our final destination. If we failure, then we learn what we can from the experience and try again. We can never be perfect until we have learnt how to embrace failure. “I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work.” Thomas A. Edison

“Most of us have some fear of failure and always want a guarantee of success, when we fear failure we will never break out of our comfort zone. This not the çmartial way!”

Becoming a Master is done not in leaps but through a series of little steps When a new student has their first lesson they need to understand that every little step count. Here is a little tale I came across when researching for this article and I want to share you to help you get a better idea. A prospective student visits a master and asks “how long will it take to become the best fighter in the area. The master replies to the would-be-student “ it will take at least ten years.” The would be student in thinking that ten years is a long time then asks “how long it would take him if he trained twice as hard as all the other students”, the master replies “it would now take twenty years! “. Confused with this answer the would-be-student goes on to ask “how long it will take to become the best fighter in the region if I only stopped training to eat and sleep”, the master response to this is “Well in that case it will take thirty years!”. Still completely puzzled by the answer the master has given they asks the master “How can that be I’m training constantly and

Wing Chun International only breaking to eat and sleep and you keep increasing the time not shortening the journey every time I tell you I will work harder”. To this the master gives the prospective his final answer “You are fixating more on the destination, the less you will be able to concentrate on the immediate tasks that will take you to that destination. As your fixation on the goal intensifies, your ability to concentrate on the day-to-day tasks required to achieve that goal will decrease, hence the extra time needed.” Ensure that you take lots of little steps towards your goal. They mount up! When you reach this time next year, you will be amazed at how far you’ve travelled and what you have achieved. The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step. Lao Tzu Hopefully this will give you a little insight to what you can gain from learning a martial art. There are so many benefits from learning a martial art but to me these are my most important things we can gain from taking that step towards your journey. Thank you for taking the time to read this and I hope you have enjoyed it as much as I have spent writing it.

“As your fixation on the goal intensifies, your ability to concentrate on the day-to-day tasks required to achieve that goal will decrease, hence the extra time needed.”

The Whip as a Martial Arts Weapon It is impossible to precisely say when and where was the whip started to be used as a weapon in human history and, more precisely, when and where did it start to be used as a martial arts weapon. The origins of this weapon are still being determined by many historians around the world. However, they all agree that the whip is a very old tool and perhaps even one of the oldest weapons in the history of mankind. Its history is several thousands of years old. During that time, its appearance, area of usage and the materials used to make it have often changed. It is very difficult to trace the different shapes it has taken on in daily life. As a tools used by shepherds, it offered a non-replaceable help to people who took their cattle out on pastures. The reason lays in the sound it makes and its supersonic speed. The whip makes a relatively loud blast which scares cattle so shepherds use it to control its movement. By using the whip, one didn't need to hit the cattle anymore, it was enough for it to hear the sound of the blast and to obey its owner's command. Today, cattlebreeders still use it to hold the animals in one place. Thanks to the whip, wild horses, buffaloes, camels and, later on, tigers, lions and elephants wer e tamed. The whip became very popular among nomads and steppe tribes.

Systema Photos: Cortesy of GM Skogorev

“The main components of the whip are its handle, its body, i.e. the long strap and the end which is called the braid or the lash. The body of the whips is comprised of slim leather strings which are intertwined and are narrowing towards its end to which a short band is tied. To this belt, a braid usually made out of horse hair or a synthetic material is connected.”

o, as a tool and soon as a weapon, it was first used well before our era by a nomadic tribe in Asia. Sometimes they even attributed it with magic powers. The whip is often mentioned in many legends and stories by various nomadic tribes. According to those legends, it is now known that numerous Tatar-Mongolian tribes skillfully used it as a weapon. For example, we now know that in the 2nd century B.C., the Chinese have often fought against Kirgistan and have been acquainted with the power of their whips. Apart from nomadic tribes, the people of ancient Assyria also actively used the whip. And so, it became a mandatory accessory for all warriors – horsemen. Soon its usage spread to other countries in their proximity, e.g. Africa and Europe and, later on, to the Americas, Australia etc. The whip was very popular during the Ancient times. One of its earliest mentions can be found in the work of the Roman historian Herodotus, Gnaeus Pompeius Trogus and Polyaenus who told the story of the Scythians (an Iranian tribe) that returned home after a long war and were forced to fight their own slaves and family members. They won thanks to their knowledge of how to skillfully use a whip. Whipping was a special punishment that, in the beginning, applied only to prisoners of war and slaves in ancient Rome. Later on, whipping was oftentimes used among Roman legions in order to establish discipline. Apart from that, the whip has a religious significance and was an unchanged attribute of ancient Roman gods. Also, various Roman commanders used it to decorate their chariots during war celebrations. One of the greatest conquerors in history and the most prominent barbaric leader, Attila the Hun (ruled from 434 to 453 A.D.), mastered the

“Many steppe tribes, e.g. the Kazakhs, the Kyrgyz, the Mongolians, socialized during various holidays and performed friendly whip fights called "the naked fight.”

“Whipping has been known as a punishment method since the dawn of times.”

use of a whip. After he wrecked the town of Aquileia in 453 A.D., raided Northern Italy and fought the Roman Empire, he gained the nickname "God's Whip” (lat. flagellum Dei). The usage of the whip was wide-spread around the globe and even ancient Egyptian frescoes show people holding whips in their hands. It is a historical fact that the Egyptians even punished their slaves by using a whip. Ancient Greek writings also tell us some interesting facts about the whip. Apart from using them for punishing their slaves, the Greek noticed how the Scythians mastered the technique so they employed them to keep order in their streets. So, if necessary, a few Scythians could quickly scatter away a crowd of people from the streets of Greek cities by only using their whips. Ancient Scythians called the whip "danu” or "don” which was an old word for a river. However, the ancient Greek used the word "mastigo” or "mastix”. Whipping has been known as a punishment method since the dawn of times. For example, the Persian ruler Xerxes I (ruled from 486 to 465 B.C.) angrily decided to whip the sea with 300 blows because heavy sea sank his wooden bridges (part of the legend of 300 Spartans). The ancient Persians used the term "chabouk” or "chabuk” for a whip. The whip is also mentioned in the Bible as a means of punishment as well as a weapon. Jesus Christ himself expelled greedy merchants out of the temple in Jerusalem by whipping them. However, later on, ancient Romans whipped Jesus. They called it by its Latin name - "flagrum” or "flagelum”. Flagrum was a specially designed whip with which one could tear off parts of the convict's skin or flesh. The Roman whip consisted of a shorter handle with 2 or 3 straps of beef skin or regular rope. The straps weren't particularly long so one had to come relatively close to the victim, in contrast to the whips used on animals which were significantly longer. What distinguished the Roman flagrum from other whips were the metal accessories, i.e. the "knots” on its ends and along the leather straps. Such accessories were made out of metals, usually bronze, zink or iron and sometimes even out of bone. They were put in equal gaps along the straps. Such punishment was applied on criminals, slaves, war prisoners as well as on political and religious opponents. Whipping was used as a means to extort confessions from convicts.

Additionally, whipping forced convicts to obey. For example, it could secure the submissiveness to the orders of soldiers as well as sailors. During the battle of Waterloo, the British army started punishing its sailors. They usually used a form of a multi-layered whip with several straps called cat o'nine tails. Officers believed that, only with strict discipline and fear from not performing their commands, they would keep their sailors prepared and obedient to their orders. In line with the officers' needs, a form of a short whip-stick was later developed and it has a simple name – "military whip”. Even today, whipping is performed as a common punishment. It is usually applied for breaking a religious law. The history of nomadic tribes that are practicing animal husbandry is tightly connected to the appearance of the whip. Every steppe warrior had his own whip which many steppe tribes called "arapnik” (a long hunting whip). However, they also used other names, e.g. Kalmykia used the word "mala”; the Tatars used the word "kamcha” (for a shorter and thinner whip) and the Kozaks had the word "nagayka” (for two types of whip). The Kozaks believed that the whip's owner has a special power. The also used it as a magical object with which they could mark their harvest in order to increase the fertility of the land. Apart from that, many ancient peoples trusted that, with a soft blow of the whip, the women's and men's fertility can be contributed to. Those peoples who lived in the steppes used the whip to control their herds and horses as well as a hunting weapon and as a weapon in close combat. Many steppe tribes, e.g. the Kazakhs, the Kyrgyz, the Mongolians, socialized during various holidays and performed friendly whip fights called "the naked fight”. In remembrance to this tradition and to the great Mongolian commander Genghis Khan, an equestrian monument in which he holds a golden whip in his hand was built in Tsonjin Boldog in Mongolia. It is known that the shepherds of man y European countries skillfully used the whip during the Middle Ages. Also, the whip reached its greatest popularity during the Middles Ages when every rider in Europe had his own copy. A remarkable skill in the usage of the whip was shown by the horsemen of Medieval Germany, Switzerland, Spain, Italy, Greece, France, Russia, Poland and, in combat, the Croats and

the Hungarians demonstrated their mastery during the Thirty Years' War. Many individuals used their long braids as a whip in Medieval China and they even weaved iron beads into them. History writes that even the Romani people were, as a nomadic tribe, especially well-known for their militant usage of the whip. Among the Turkish tribes, various equestrian competitions with the usage of the whip were a popular source of entertainment. Up until the 20th century, equestrian competitions in which opponents used the whip were held in Kyrgyzstan. The whip was a tool thanks to which they would knock each other off their saddles. In present day Poland, in a town called Siuda Baba, fights with a whip are still a part of their folk customs. After America was discovered, the pastoral whip migrated to different places where it was still used for its predetermined purpose and many other types of whips that served as a martial weapon travelled with it. And so, the whip settled as a martial weapon and was very soon used across America, from Alaska in the North to Argentina in the South. Also, the whip rapidly spread to the Australian land where it was also used as a martial weapon. We will mention some of the most popular types of whips that were utilized both as a tool as well as a martial weapon. One of the most popular whips is definitely the one called "stockwhip” (or "stock whip”), sometimes even called "bullwhip” which was used in Australia. A whip of that sort was up to 3 meters long, whereas the bullwhip was up to 5 meters long. An Australian called Steve Jefferys became popular thanks to his knowledge of using such a whip. Other well-known whips come from the same country"drafting whip” or "cattle drafter”. These types of whips and their usage was coined by a man called George Wolnough, also known as the "Tenterfield Saddler“. Also, a type of whip called "bullock” is also widespread and it was used by Australian livestock feeders (bullocky). A type of a stockwhip called "rose” was used in the territory of Canada and, according to some sources, it emmerged in 1880. An American farmer called Jack Liao became popular thanks to his knowledge of its usage. A variety of such a whip began to be used at the beginning of the 20th century somewhere around Ontario and it was called "raman”. Other cowboys from Florida (Floridian cowboys) also became popular

because of its usage. Apart from these two mentioned types, other whips that were up to 1,5 meters long, such as "signalwhips”, i.e. "snakewhips” were also quite popular. A somewhat longer variety of a snakewhip, up to 3,5 meters long, called the "blacksnake” was used in Montana and Wyoming. A popular, but shorter type of whip that was approx. 50 cm long should also be mentioned. It was used by riders around the world and it is known by the term "horse whip” or "riding whip”. Such a whip was called a "crop” in England. A similar variety of a longer and lighter whip was used in India under the term "sjambok” or "litupa”. A sort of whip that was used in driving different stagecoaches and carriages, the "buggy whip”, was also known by the name "horsewhip”. One of the most popular manufacturers of these types of whips in the world was located in Westfield, Massachusetts. Naturally, different European countries had different names for a whip so, for example, in German it is called "peitsche”, in France it is "fouet”, in Italy "frusta” and in Spain it is called "latigo”. Apart from Germany, other countries including Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Poland, Hungary and some provinces in Italy, use the German term "karbatsche or "korbatsch” for a longer and heavier whip. Different types of whips are known in Africa and their names originate from the Persian term for a whip – "chabouk” or "chabuk”. So, for example, the word "cambuk” is used in Central Africa, "sambok” in South Africa and "chabuk” in Bengali. In Congo, the Portuguese term "chicote” is prevalent, whereas in Somalia it is "shaabuug”. In certain parts of North Africa, especially in Egypt, the whip is known under the Arabic word "kurbash”. During the First Russian Revolution in 1905, the whip first appeared in Russia and it was brought by the Kozaks who were especially prominent in their usage of a whip called "nagayka”. The word comes from an ancient Aryan word "naga” which, in Aryan, means "snake”. Before, two types of whip were used: one that was shorter – "kuban” (approx. 1,5 meters long) and a longer version – "don” (2 meters long). Today, only a variety of a longer modern whip is used (from 2 to 2,5 meters).

As a kind of an answer to the Mongolian, Tatar and, especially, the Kozak whip, a whip made of chains was designed in China around 1900 A.D. It was made of nine connected chain parts, i.e. a chain whip. It was usually around 2 meters long and known under the name "qilinbian” (麒麟鞭) or "jiujiebian” (heavier than 1,5 and up to 2 kg). It was designed to be used in martial arts. The chain whip is used even today in many Chinese martial arts demonstrations and it is popular among martial arts fans around the world. Apart from China, it also became well- known in the US during the second half of the 20th century. In India, a long and flexible type of swords were made for martial arts usage and they had a function similar to the whip. They were called "urumi” or "chutuval surul patal”.

The Basic Technique for the Usage of the Whip in Martial Arts The main components of the whip are its handle, its body, i.e. the long strap and the end which is called the braid or the lash. The body of the whips is comprised of slim leather strings which are intertwined and are narrowing towards its end to which a short band is tied. To this belt, a braid usually made out of horse hair or a synthetic material is connected.

The handle of a regular shepherd's whip was oftentimes made out of a harder and more elastic wood (e.g. oak, beech, hornbeam, ebonite) around which leather braids were made. In order to braid a whip, one usually used moist raw beef skins because it was one of the most durable materials. One usually needs to use 8 leather straps to braid a whip. However, to "strengthen” it, i.e. make it tighter, heavier and stronger, a whip will need 10, 12 or even 14 leather straps. The oldest braiding technique was the socalled "snake”. When braided in this style, a whip takes the pattern of snake skins. A whip that consists of several leather straps will be better and it will be more difficult to braid. One of the most frequent braiding methods was the so-called "serpentine”, "chessboard” and squid. Narrow leather straps that are intertwined and shaped in a ring will or won't have a center. The whip braiding technique is very similar to braiding hair. The only difference is that you will need from 6 to 8 leather straps and so the final shape will resemble reptile shells. If the leather is too hard for braiding, it should be softened by stepping over it and crumpling it. In order to produce whips, various parts of animals are used. For example, in order to make the handle, in Europe, a bull's reproductive organ is used, whereas, in North Africa, the same organ is taken from the African buffalo and sometimes even rhinoceros. A dry reproductive organ together with its ureter is sufficiently long, elastic and tough and, so, it guaranteed a lasting usage and high quality. In Australia, besides beef skins, they sometimes used kangaroo skins in order to make whips (kangaroo whip). A braid made of horse hair or a synthetic material is put at the end of the whip and some other metal accessories can be added as well, e.g. a bullet shell, some sharpened metal object, a sharpened bone or metal (steel) beads. Thanks to those accessories, the hit that the whip gives is somewhat faster, stronger and certainly more dangerous. The advantages of this type of whip is a stronger and destructive hit which makes it usable only for hunting or fighting purposes. The main disadvantage is its lack of flexibility. Regular braids (lashes) can turn out to be more flexible, but their hit is much weaker. This is why this disadvantage is compensated with a small weight (a small bead) at the top of the braid. A whip that has some metal accessories at its end or its braids (lashes) most often also has attached pieces of cloth (straps of fabric) that are usually of a lighter color. The cloth is placed so that the user can see where a certain hit of the whip ends. The blow is so fast that the human eye cannot see or perceive it. While the hit is taking place, it can develop supersonic speed at which the braid makes a very loud snap. This is used to scare livestock, horses, wild animals and even people. For this reason, the cloth is placed at the whip's ending, just as a blade is placed at the end of a chain whip (qilinbian). Blows made by a whip that are accompanied by a loud snap are very amusing for the spectators. Such hits are called whipcrackers or, simply, "cracking” or "cracked”. Although these whip hits are very attractive, they do not have any special purpose in martial arts, i.e. they cannot be utilized or don't bring a special benefit in whip fights. In many countries around the world, one can find many persons who are skillful in these kinds of whipcrackers. They call them "Goabischnaizer” in Germany and these types of professionals that cultivate the whipcracking tradition can be found in Hungary (a skill called "Baranta”), Switzerland, Austria, Croatia, Poland, Russia, Australia etc.

Still, the popular opinion that these hits during a fight are the best a whip can give as well as the most useful ones is a total misconception. It is true that one can hold a whip is his stronger hand, but this is when its efficacy is much lower. A whip should be held in one's stronger hand (right-handed people holding it in their right hand) only when you are chasing cattle, controlling a carriage, taming animals or performing a hit that includes a snap (whipcracking). In other words, a whip should be held in one's weaker hand (right-handed people holding it in their left hand), while using your stronger hand (right hand) to hold another weapon. Right-handed people should use their right (stronger) hand only when holding a chain whip- qilinbian which serves as an individual weapon and is not to be combined as a weapon and paired with other weapons. This is also its main weakness compared to other types of whips. Together with the help of a whip, it is possible to give a forceful hit (rarely a fatal one) which can shake and surprise the opponent pretty badly. Taking into consideration that the technique of fighting with a whip can produce around 10 different hits, the basic technique comes down to only a couple of strokes. One of the basic hits is the so-called "slap”, a punch that is performed under a 90 degree angle according to the hitting surface and, along the same path, the tip of the whip travels back. The second hit is the so-called "delayed slap” which is thought to be one of the basic and most efficient hits during combat. This type of hit will not only

Latigo y daga (whip and dagger). A Spanish martial art (whipping technique) preserved in the Philippines today

Whip (kurbash or korbach) and mace. Arabic-Turkish-Croatian whipping technique

“The whip falls into the category of soft and long weapons and, as a martial arts weapon, it was used since ancient times in combination with other weapons”

punch, i.e. slap the opponent. It will also draw the whip sharply back and its tip will break or tear the hitting surface. A hit with waves is a blow in which the whip makes waves during the swing. A hit with a relapse is a swing where, during the last phase, it punches the shoulder and is not burdened to trace back the tip of the whip, i.e. the braid. The hand, however, stays in front. The purpose of this kind of hit is that the braid (the top of the whip) wraps around the opponent's arm, leg or weapon. The whip falls into the category of soft and long weapons and, as a martial arts weapon, it was used since ancient times in combination with other weapons. It was usually combined with shorter and harder items. For example, we can list a couple of shorter weapons with which it is usually paired: a shorter stick, sabre, machete, mace, a shorter battle axe, dagger (e.g. a martial arts technique from The Philippines called "latigo y daga”) etc. In such a combination, the whip's blows avert the opponent's attention from defending the place where he will be hit, i.e. his stronger (right) side and, so, it unconsciously creates room for the shorter weapon to make a hit along his unprotected, weaker side. A fighter who is armed in such a manner, i.e. he has a whip and another shorter weapon, presents a very dangerous threat to everyone and even the most skillful martial arts masters will have a hard time defending themselves. Thanks to a whip, one can create attacks where the opponent will stumble or be left unarmed. In order to completely avoid an attack with a whip, one should be extremely skillful. This is why some martial arts masters as well as certain historians often unfairly classify the whip as an exotic weapon. The whip enjoys a lot of attention even today, from being used by film heroes such as Indiana Jones, Catwoman or Zorro to other various persons and sportsmen. We can say that today, in many parts of the world, there are numerous people who still use the whip. To clarify, those people use the whip to move cattle and make its distinctive sound (whipcracker) and this way they entertain their audience. There are also those who simultaneously use and crack two whips. Some individuals hit certain objects with a whip or spin it around their bodies. Unfortunately, true connoisseurs and whip experts are very rare today and can be counted on the fingers of one hand.

Gracie Fundamentals is our beginner program for adults. In this program, you will learn the 36 core techniques of Gracie Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu in an safe and cooperative environment. Each one-hour lesson addresses one standing and one ground self-defense technique. You can start the program at any time, without previous experience and, since safety is our number one concern, there is no competitive sparring in this program. Upon successful completion of the Gracie Fundamentals program you will earn your Gracie JiuJitsu Blue Belt which will qualify you for advancement into the Gracie Advanced program. Although Gracie Jiu-Jitsu consists of over 600 techniques, studies of real fights conducted by members of the Gracie Family have shown that 36 techniques have been used more often and with greater success than all the other techniques combined. You need absolutely no experience to start this program. Our welltrained Gracie Conceptsinstructors and school partners conduct all classes in a cooperative training environment and are committed to ensuring that every new student has an informative, enjoyable experience regardless of age, gender, or athletic ability. 80 min.

Ref.: • vaciR6

ORDERS: Budo international.com

Avi Nardia begins a new series of works focused on CQB and high-risk situations. Some can be good shooters but bad fighters and it's preferable to develop the fighting spirit, not only teaching how to be good shooters, but also to handle aggressive situations to face reality and violence. To achieve these principles, acting with determination and confidence is essential. This first work explains in detail the regulations on the handling of the weapon, holstering and drawing the gun, ways of grasping the gun, loading, hand changes, changing magazines, one and two-handed work, covering and concealing yourself, shooting with precision while you are on the move, and shifting quickly and safely in conflict areas managing them proactively, not reactively. Avi Nardia Kapap Combatives takes us to the next level in realistic self defense.

Ref.: • kapap-11

ORDERS: Budo international.com

Itsuo Tsuda: Excerpts from the book “The Dialogue of Silence”

"I have met true masters, but they get so far that I often lose sight of them. I’m trying to follow the tracks they left behind, so I can get my bearings."

“Society is organized on centrifugal principles. These allow us either to justify ourselves in front of others (charity, kindness, etc.), or to consolidate ourselves from the outside (security, foresight, etc.). As for what happens inside us, it's something else."

“The difference between a half-empty bottle and a half-full bottle, the difference between those who are dying and those who are living, cannot be determined by any objective criteria. Only the inner awakening makes us feel them.” “This awakening does not come as the result of mental speculations or moralizing aggression.

At one point, when one is not expecting it, the door opens, and the dialogue begins in silence.” "Noguchi mentioned the need for flexibility of the body for the maintenance of health. If this idea is accepted, what should it be done? It's very simple: it will be enough to make it more flexible.” "It's not about giving yourself an appearance of flexibility, or striving to be flexible says Noguchi-. It's about being flexible naturally, effortlessly."

“The barrier of pride prevents people from accepting a very simple thing. They cannot admit that there is something they do not understand. From the moment they’ve pasted a label and sorted the thing into a category, they stop seeing beyond.”

“Man is still regarded as a package made up of only intelligence and the voluntary system. They'll never stop saying: "Do this, do that, eat, don't cry, be calm, don't be afraid, don't scream, don't smoke, etc.” “The world is filled with people who pretend to work, because it's not that they be working what counts, but that others see them work. They work for form, for money, without pleasure, without conviction.”

“Authority, when imposed, provokes submission, opposition or deception. Submission conditions us to turn into sheep, opposition increases aggressiveness, and deception makes us resort to subterfuge.”

“Health and disease are two aspects of the same thing. Health, completely devoid of the regulatory functions of the organism, that is to say, without the possibility of getting sick, is a false health.”

Ref.: • kline4

When most people hear the word Kyusho, or the words Pressure Points, it is one of two things that come to mind ... Self Defense or a healing modality such as Acupuncture or Massage Therapy. In each instance, they are correct. There are some who focus mostly on the self defense aspect and other whose focus is more into the healing. I personally know of several people who trained with me and became so excited about manipulating the Pressure Points for self defense that they enrolled in Acupuncture classes, Massage Classes and Chiropractic Classes. Each area of study requires extensive focus on the mechanics of the body and how the practitioner can "assist" the body into healing itself. This is not an end all be all and each patient must be accountable for their health and lifestyle habits. This video will focus on how we can use the same 5 points for both healing and self defense. This is where knowledge of anatomy, basic principles of motion, and developing a sensitive touch come into play. Pressure Points have multiple uses for both health and self defense and can be a great complement to one another. For each to be effective, the practitioner must develop a quiet, relaxed mind, which can assess each situation to hopefully bring about the result desired.

ORDERS: Budo international.com

Learn the Nerve attacks of Kyusho in this important video that is a follow-up for the 6 Ji Hands (of the Bubishi) film. In that film you were shown the 6 Original Hands of Shaolin, their proper use and the Kyusho (Vital) targets that cause paralysis, dysfunction and incapacitation of an opponent. In this video we help you learn Kyusho and the 6 Ji Hands to a higher degree of skill with simple training exercises. These exercises will increase your skill with Kyusho, as you learn to transition from hand to hand, side to side, target to target. By training these slowly at first, then with ever increasing speed these 6 Shaolin Hands will become automatic and devastating to your opponents. These same 6 Hands were taught long ago in an ancient sequence called “Rokkishu” (6 Hands) and now from a more modern adaptation called “Tensho” (Turning Palms), it is the exact way to penetrate deep into the inner man to access the Kyusho (Vital)Targets. You will learn the Tools, Targets, Trajectories, Tuite and Tegumi from the Original Shaolin methodology. This is also Vital Information on the secret meanings of the Ancient Bubishi and Karate itself. It will help you understand the Keys to unlocking the hidden code of that epic manual and base of Martial Arts. “The Power is in Your Hands”. - Evan Pantazi

Ref.: • KYUSHO29 All DVDs, wichi is produced by Budo International, si provided and alone in the formats DVD-5 or MPEG-2, in VCD, DivX or the like is however neves offered with a special holograma sticker. Besides our DVD is characteristed coverings by the hig quality in pressure and material. If this DVD and/or the DVD covering do not corespond to the requirements specified above, it concerns illegal pirat copy.

ORDERS: Budo international.com

INTERNATIONAL

CATALOG

BUDO INTERNATIONAL PUBL.CO. DVD CATALOG MARTIAL ARTS, COMBAT SPORTS & SELF DEFENSE INSTRUCTIONAL DVDs TITLES ARE AVAILABLE IN DVD FORMAT AND DIGITAL VIDEO ON INSTANT DOWNLOAD (mp4)

This catalog is provided by Budo International Publ. Co.

Ali content of this catalog is owned or controlled by Budo International Publ. Co. and is protected by worldwide copyright laws.

Table of contents - DVD Kung Fu ................................................................................................................................................................ 3 - DVD Tai Chi ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 - DVD Shaolin Kung Fu ................................................................................................................................................ 11 - DVD Wu Shu ................................................................................................................................................................ 13 - DVD Wing Chun .......................................................................................................................................................... 15 - DVD Wing Tsun ........................................................................................................................................................... 18 - DVD Other Styles China ............................................................................................................................................. 21 - DVD Judo and Ju-Jitsu .............................................................................................................................................. 23 - DVD Iaido..................................................................................................................................................................... 27 - DVD Karate .................................................................................................................................................................. 29 - DVD Aikido .................................................................................................................................................................. 36 - DVD Kobudo ............................................................................................................................................................... 41 - DVD Ninjutsu ............................................................................................................................................................... 44 - DVD Other Styles Japan ............................................................................................................................................ 46 - DVD Kyusho Jitsu ...................................................................................................................................................... 50 - DVD Capoeira.............................................................................................................................................................. 54 - DVD Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu .............................................................................................................................................. 56 - DVD Staff and Cane .................................................................................................................................................... 59 - DVD Kali Arnis Eskrima ............................................................................................................................................. 61 - DVD Nunchaku ............................................................................................................................................................ 65 - DVD Other Weapons .................................................................................................................................................. 67 - DVD Pro, Military, Police ............................................................................................................................................ 70 - DVD Krav Maga ........................................................................................................................................................... 77 - DVD Systema .............................................................................................................................................................. 81 - DVD Knife Fighting ..................................................................................................................................................... 83 - DVD Women´s Self Defense ...................................................................................................................................... 85 - DVD Other Self Defense Styles ................................................................................................................................. 87 - DVD Jeet Kune Do ...................................................................................................................................................... 91 - DVD Kenpo .................................................................................................................................................................. 94 - DVD Kajukenbo ........................................................................................................................................................... 97 - DVD Martial Arts Vietnam .......................................................................................................................................... 99 - DVD Other Martial Styles ......................................................................................................................................... 101 - DVD Pencak Silat ...................................................................................................................................................... 105 - DVD Tae Kwon Do .................................................................................................................................................... 107 - DVD Hapkido ............................................................................................................................................................. 109 - DVD Other Styles Korea ........................................................................................................................................... 111 - DVD Muay Thai ......................................................................................................................................................... 113 - DVD Kick Boxing ...................................................................................................................................................... 116 - DVD Grappling Wrestling ......................................................................................................................................... 119 - DVD MMA - Vale Tudo .............................................................................................................................................. 121 - DVD Other Contact Sports ....................................................................................................................................... 124 - DVD Health - Wellness ............................................................................................................................................. 126 - NEW DVDs! ............................................................................................................................................................... 129

TITLES ARE AVAILABLE IN DVD FORMAT AND VIDEO ON INSTANT DOWNLOAD (mp4). This catalog is provided by Budo International Publ. Co. All content of this catalog is owned or controlled by Budo International Publ. Co. and is protected by worldwide copyright laws. More info: www.budointernational.com - Contact Email: shop@budointernational.info

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DVD Shaolin Qin Na Ref. DVD/YANTI2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Meitoku Yagi Meibukan Goju Ryu. Okinawa Karate Kobudo Vol.1 Ref. DVD/RS607 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

DVD Katsuya Miyahira Shidokan Shorin Ryu. Okinawa Karate Kobud... Ref. DVD/RS608 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

DVD Shuguro Nakazato Shorin Kan Shorin Ryu. Okinawa Karate Kob... Ref. DVD/RS609 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

DVD Eiichi Miyazato Jundokan Goju Ryu. Okinawa Karate Kobudo V... Ref. DVD/RS610 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

DVD Kanei Uechi Uechi Ryu. Okinawa Karate Kobudo Vol.7 Ref. DVD/RS613 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

DVD Yoshimatsu Matsuda Shorin Ryu. Okinawa Karate Kobudo Vol.12 Ref. DVD/RS618 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

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NEW DVDs!

DVD Masaji Taira Bunkai Master. Okinawa Karate Kobudo Vol.16 Ref. DVD/RS622 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

DVD Eihachi Ota Shorin Ryu. Okinawa Karate Kobudo Vol.18 Ref. DVD/RS624 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

DVD Yoshitsune Senega Uechi Ryu. Okinawa Karate Kobudo Vol.20 Ref. DVD/RS626 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

DVD Jundokan Old School 1984. Okinawa Karate Kobudo Vol.22 Ref. DVD/RS628 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

DVD Hojo Undo Supplementary Training. Okinawa Karate Kobudo Vo... Ref. DVD/RS625 Price Inc. Tax......0,00 EUR

134/134

DVD Kung Fu

3/134

DVD Kung Fu

DVD Tong Long Pai. Southern Praying Mantis Ref. DVD/SAPIR1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Pachi Tang Lang Chuan Ref. DVD/PACH1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Tang Lang Ref. DVD/TANG1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Sanda Ming Chuan Kung Fu Ref. DVD/SANDA Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tao Yin Internal Kung Fu Ref. DVD/YIN Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shaolin Hung Gar Yap Moon Kuen Ref. DVD/SEWER1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tsui Pa Hsien Kung Fu Drunken Style Ref. DVD/BOR Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Hung Gar Kung Fu Zum Kap Kuen Form Ref. DVD/SEWER2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Hung Gar kung Fu Lau Gar Kuen Form Ref. DVD/SEWER3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Gham Long Pai Kung Fu Ref. DVD/VDSPEK1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shaolin Hung Gar Gung Gee Fook Fu Doy Dar Ref. DVD/SEWER5 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Weng Chun Kung Fu Vol2 Ref. DVD/WENG2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

4/134

DVD Kung Fu

DVD Combat Kung Fu Free Style Ref. DVD/CMBT Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Chin Na Vol 2 Ref. DVD/PC3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Chin Na Vol 1 Ref. DVD/PC2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Masters Historical Series Taiwan 1964 Ref. DVD/BC18 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Pa Kua Pa Men Chan Form Vol 1 Ref. DVD/PAMEN1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Pa Kua Pa Men Chan Form Vol 2 Ref. DVD/PAMEN2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Pai Lum Tao Ref. DVD/PAI Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Toa Forms & applications Vol 2 Ref. DVD/TOA2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Mou Sii Lion's Dance Ref. DVD/MOU Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Ling Gar Kung Fu Gun Disarming Ref. DVD/LYN6 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Ling Gar Kung Fu Dim Mak Ref. DVD/LYN3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Ling Gar Kung Fu Knife Defense Ref. DVD/LYN5 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

5/134

DVD Kung Fu

DVD Ling Gar Kung Fu Self Defense Ref. DVD/LYN2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Weng Chun Kung Fu Ref. DVD/WENG Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Hung Gar Gung Gee Fook Fu Kuen Form Ref. DVD/SEWER4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Toa Forms & applications Vol 1 Ref. DVD/TOA Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Choy Li Fut Forms Ref. DVD/LIFUT1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Weng Chun Kung Fu Fa Kuen Ref. DVD/WENG3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Choy Li Fut Leopard & Tiger Form Ref. DVD/PR4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Hung Gar Kung Fu Gong Gee Fook Fu Kune Form Ref. DVD/HUNG1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Hung Gar Gong Gee Fook Fu Kune Form Vol 2 Ref. DVD/HUNG2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Weapons Ref. DVD/KFW Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Ling Gar Kung Fu Chin Na Ref. DVD/LYN4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Splashing Hands Ref. DVD/NEIL1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

6/134

DVD Kung Fu

DVD Hung Gar Kung Fu Ref. DVD/PA1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Pa Kua Ref. DVD/PC1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kung Fu Choy Li Fut Tiger & Dragon Forms Ref. DVD/PR2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

7/134

DVD Tai Chi

8/134

DVD Tai Chi

DVD Tai Chi Yang Style Vol 3 Ref. DVD/FUSE3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Chen Style Tui Shou Ref. DVD/YU3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai-Chi and Qi-Gong Forms Ref. DVD/LYN7 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Chen Style Pao Chui Er Lu Form Ref. DVD/YU2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Yang Style Vol 2 Ref. DVD/FUSE2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Yang Style Vol 1 Ref. DVD/FUSE Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Chen Xia Jia Pao Chuie Form Ref. DVD/CHEN1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Chen Style Ref. DVD/YU Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Yang Style Kung Chia Form & Applications Ref. DVD/TCC Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Beijing Jen The Straight Sword Ref. DVD/TCE Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Ling Gar, Tai Chi & Qi Gong Ref. DVD/LYN Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mongolian Tai Chi Chi Kung Ref. DVD/MONGO1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

9/134

DVD Tai Chi

DVD Tai Chi Chuan Yang Style Ref. DVD/PR1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Wind Chasing Fan Ref. DVD/PR3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Yang Style & Chi Kung Vol 1 Ref. DVD/TAI1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Yang Style & Chi Kung Vol 2 Ref. DVD/TAI2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Che Sword Ref. DVD/TAI3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Tai Chi Chuan for Seniors Ref. DVD/TAI4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

10/134

DVD Shaolin Kung Fu

11/134

DVD Shaolin Kung Fu

DVD Shaolin Kung-Fu Shi De Yang Interview Ref. DVD/DEYANG Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD The 18 movements of Shaolin Kung Fu Ref. DVD/HONG Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shaolin Xiao Hong Quan Form Tao Lu Ref. DVD/MIAOZHI1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shaolin Kung Fu Boxing Ref. DVD/SHAOLIN1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shaolin Kung Fu Essential Ref. DVD/TOMBOLATO1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shaolin Luohan Shi Ba Shou Form Taolu Ref. DVD/YANTI1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shaolin Qin Na Ref. DVD/YANTI2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

12/134

DVD Wu Shu

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DVD Wu Shu

DVD Olympic Wu Shu Ref. DVD/WUSHU1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wu Shu San Jie Gun The 3 Section Staff Ref. DVD/FAN2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wu Shu Hou Kun The Monkey Staff Ref. DVD/FAN1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

14/134

DVD Wing Chun

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DVD Wing Chun

DVD Ip Man Wing Chun Kung Fu Ref. DVD/IMWC1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kyusho & Tegumi in Wing Chun Siu Nim Tao Ref. DVD/KYUSHO28 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Tsun Lat Sao Advanced. TAOWS Academy Ref. DVD/TAOWS4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kyusho Jitsu in Forms Siu Nim Tao Ref. DVD/KYUSHO12 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Wooden Dummy Form Part 1 Ref. DVD/MUKRAN1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Wooden Dummy Form Part 2 Ref. DVD/MUKRAN2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Wooden Dummy Form Part 3 Ref. DVD/MUKRAN3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Wooden Dummy Form Part 4 Ref. DVD/MUKRAN4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Wooden Dummy Form Basic Drills Ref. DVD/MUKRAN5 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Wooden Dummy Form Advanced Drills Ref. DVD/MUKRAN6 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Kung Fu Siu Lim Tao Ref. DVD/RANDY1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Kung Fu Chum Kiu Ref. DVD/RANDY2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

16/134

DVD Wing Chun

DVD Wing Chun Kung Fu Biu Jee Ref. DVD/RANDY3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Kung Fu Concepts and priciples Ref. DVD/RANDY4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Traditional vol 1 Ref. DVD/WCH1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Chun Traditional vol 2 Ref. DVD/WCH2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WTU Chum Kiu Form & Applications Ref. DVD/WTU2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Tsun Universe. Siu Nim Tao Form & Applications Ref. DVD/WTU1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Tsun Self Defense Ref. DVD/WTINCE1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kyusho Gock'Ng 'Sing Ref. DVD/KYUSHO14 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Chi Sao Wing Tsun TAOWS Academy Ref. DVD/TAOWS3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Weng Chun Kung Fu Ref. DVD/WENG Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Weng Chun Kung Fu Vol2 Ref. DVD/WENG2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Weng Chun Kung Fu Fa Kuen Ref. DVD/WENG3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

17/134

DVD Wing Tsun

18/134

DVD Wing Tsun

DVD Wing Tsun Lat Sao Advanced. TAOWS Academy Ref. DVD/TAOWS4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WTU Chum Kiu Form & Applications Ref. DVD/WTU2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Tsun Self Defense Ref. DVD/WTINCE1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Tsun Universe. Siu Nim Tao Form & Applications Ref. DVD/WTU1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Revolution Combat Fundamentals Ref. DVD/WR1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun The Mith of the Wooden Dummy Ref. DVD/WTK Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Tsun Right or Wrong? Ref. DVD/LT Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Tsun Taows Academy Ref. DVD/TAOWS1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Tsun Advanced TAOWS Academy Ref. DVD/TAOWS2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Chi Sao Wing Tsun TAOWS Academy Ref. DVD/TAOWS3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wing Tsun Alliance and Escrima Ref. DVD/WTAL Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun Combat Techniques Ref. DVD/WTS1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

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DVD Wing Tsun

DVD WingTsun Wooden Dummy Street Aplications Ref. DVD/WTS10 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun Re-Evolution Ref. DVD/WTS11 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WT Re-Evolution 2 Ref. DVD/WTS12 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun Combat Program Ref. DVD/WTS13 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun Anti-grappling Ref. DVD/WTS2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun Street Shock Vol 1 Ref. DVD/WTS3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun Street Shock Vol 2 Ref. DVD/WTS4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun Lat Sao Ref. DVD/WTS5 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun Chi Sao Vol1 Ref. DVD/WTS6 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun Chi Sao Vol2 Ref. DVD/WTS7 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun Advanced Combat Ref. DVD/WTS8 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD WingTsun AntiGrappling & Chi Gerk Ref. DVD/WTS9 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

20/134

DVD Other Styles China

21/134

DVD Other Styles China

DVD Tong Long Pai. Southern Praying Mantis Ref. DVD/SAPIR1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Bao-Din Shuai Chiao Ref. DVD/CHANG Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Bao-Din Shuai Chiao Advanced Program Ref. DVD/CHIAO3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Bao-Din Shuai Chiao Combat Ref. DVD/CHIAO2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shuai Chiao Black Belt Program Ref. DVD/CHIAO1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Chinese Kempo Karate Ref. DVD/HAYEN1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Fu Shih Kenpo Vol.2 Tiger Forms & Self Defense Ref. DVD/FUSHIH2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Sanda Ming Chuan Kung Fu Ref. DVD/SANDA Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Gham Long Pai Kung Fu Ref. DVD/VDSPEK1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

22/134

DVD Judo and Ju-Jitsu

23/134

DVD Judo and Ju-Jitsu

DVD Unlimited Ju Jitsu Ref. DVD/LOU2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Jiu Jitsu Kyoo Soku Seishin Ryu Ref. DVD/NUNES Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Judo Atemi Ref. DVD/JUDOIT Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Power Jiu Jitsu Juko Ryu Jiu Jitsu Vol 2 Ref. DVD/JUKO2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kodokan Judo Mifune Ref. DVD/BC24 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kapap Israeli Jiu Jitsu & Martial Arts Ref. DVD/KAPAP9 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Judo Introduction Ref. DVD/JUDO1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Judo Te Waza Hand Techniques Ref. DVD/JUDO2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Judo Koshi Waza Hip Techniques Ref. DVD/JUDO3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Judo Ashi Waza Foot & Leg Techniques Ref. DVD/JUDO4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Judo Sutemi Waza Sacrifice Techniques Ref. DVD/JUDO5 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Judo Katami Waza Ground Work Ref. DVD/JUDO6 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

24/134

DVD Judo and Ju-Jitsu

DVD Mastering Judo Shime Waza Strangulation Techniques Ref. DVD/JUDO7 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Judo Kensetsu Waza Joint Locking Ref. DVD/JUDO8 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Judo Ne Waza Clinic Ref. DVD/JUDO9 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Judo Master Okada Interview Ref. DVD/JUDO10 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Loubet Jiu-jitsu Ref. DVD/LOU1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Judo Classics Jigoro Kano Ref. DVD/BC16 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Budo Goshin Jutsu Ryu Ref. DVD/DAB5 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Traditional Ju Jitsu Vol 4 Ground Combat Ref. DVD/DAB4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Jiu Jitsu Ryu SDA Vol 2 Ref. DVD/JJRYU2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Jiu Jitsu Ryu SDA Vol 1 Ref. DVD/JJRYU Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Traditional Ju Jitsu Vol 3 Upright Techniques Ref. DVD/DAB3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Traditional Jujitsu Vol 1 Ref. DVD/JUJ Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

25/134

DVD Judo and Ju-Jitsu

DVD Ju Jutsu Do Combat Ref. DVD/SAN3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Juko Ryu Jiu Jitsu Vol 1 Ref. DVD/JUKO Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

26/134

DVD Iaido

27/134

DVD Iaido

DVD Toyama Ryu Iaido Ref. DVD/TOYAMA2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Toyama Ryu Batto Jutsu Ref. DVD/TOYAMA1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Iaido Kihon Waza Ref. DVD/IAIDO7 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Iaido Shinai Ref. DVD/IAIDO5 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Advanced Iaido Mugen Kai System Ref. DVD/IAIDO4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Iaido Vol 3 Mugenkai Ref. DVD/IAIDO3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Iaido Vol 2 Sen No Sen, Go No Sen Ref. DVD/IAIDO2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Iaido Vol 1 Ref. DVD/IAIDO Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Yari and Shinai Ref. DVD/IAIDO6 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

28/134

DVD Karate

29/134

DVD Karate

DVD Shoryn Ryu Karate Kyudokan Ref. DVD/SHORIN1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Okinawa Bujutsu Motobu Udunti Ref. DVD/SU Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Okinawa KenpoOdo Ref. DVD/ODO1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Okinawa Shima-Ha Shorin-Ryu Karate Jutsu Ref. DVD/OSHIRO1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Karate Kumite Ref. DVD/KANA7 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Goju Ryu Karate Vol 7 Interview Ref. DVD/CHINEN7 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kyokushinkai Karate Ref. DVD/KYOKU1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Karate Shito-Ryu Hayashi-Ha Kata & Bunkai Ref. DVD/SHITO3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Best Karate Kumite Ref. DVD/BIERMAN3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Sport Karate Kumite Ref. DVD/BENE1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shotokan Karate International Ref. DVD/KANA Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Okinawa Goju Ryu Seibukai Karate Ref. DVD/NAKA Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

30/134

DVD Karate

DVD Goshin Jutsu Kata Ref. DVD/BIERMAN2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shito Ryu Karate Pinan Kata and Bunkai Vol 2 Ref. DVD/SHITO2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shito Ryu Karate Pinan Kata & Bunkai Vol 1 Ref. DVD/SHITO1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Goju Ryu Karate Yamashita Ref. DVD/YOSU Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Uechi Ryu Karate Ref. DVD/UECHI1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD To-De Karate The hand of the infinite Ref. DVD/TODE Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD TY-GA Karate Stretching & Kicking Ref. DVD/TYGA Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Goju Ryu Karate Vol 6 Self Defense Ref. DVD/CHINEN6 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Goju Ryu Karate Vol 5 Kumite Ref. DVD/CHINEN5 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Goju Ryu Karate Vol 4 Bunkai-2 Ref. DVD/CHINEN4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Goju Ryu Karate Vol 3 Bunkai-1 Ref. DVD/CHINEN3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Goju Ryu Karate Vol 2 The Meaning Ref. DVD/CHINEN2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

31/134

DVD Karate

DVD Goju Ryu Karate Vol 1 Kihon Waza Ref. DVD/CHINEN Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Karate Dan Kata Ref. DVD/KANA6 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Karate Kyu Kata Ref. DVD/KANA5 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Karate Kihon Ido Ref. DVD/KANA4 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Karate Ashi Waza Ref. DVD/KANA3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Mastering Karate Te Waza Ref. DVD/KANA2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Karate-do Shotokan Kata & Bunkai Vol3 Ref. DVD/SHJ3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Karate-do Shotokan Kata & Bunkai Vol2 Ref. DVD/SHJ2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shotokan Karate Kata Bunkai Vol1 Ref. DVD/SHJ1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Karate JKA Masters 70's Ref. DVD/BC6 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Ishin Ryu Karate Ref. DVD/BC23 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Karate JKA Masters 50's Ref. DVD/BC14 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

32/134

DVD Karate

DVD Karate 1924 Kata & Vintage Footage Funakoshi Ref. DVD/BC13 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Okinawa Shorin-Ryu Karate Chibana Ref. DVD/BC20 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Goju Ryu Karate GYamaguchi Ref. DVD/BC9 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Karate JKA Masters 60's Ref. DVD/BC3 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Karate-Do The early years Funakoshi Ref. DVD/BC1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Kyokushin Karate Mas Oyama Ref. DVD/BC5 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Okinawa Isshin Ryu Karate Kata Ref. DVD/CAN2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Shotokan Karate Nakayama, the last interview Ref. DVD/NAKENT Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Uechi Ryu Karate K.Uechi Ref. DVD/BC21 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Wado-Ryu Karate Ref. DVD/BC15 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD World Karate Championships 2004 Pack Ref. DVD/WKF2 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Karate-do Shinshinkan Okinawa Kata Ref. DVD/CAN1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

33/134

DVD Karate

DVD Karate Wado Ryu - I Dori, Tanto Dori, Shitei Kata Ref. DVD/WADO1 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR

DVD Classic Martial Arts Masters of Budo Japan & Okinawa Ref. DVD/BC8 Price Inc. Tax......22,00 EUR