INDEX OF PLANT REGARDING PHYTORREMEDIATION TECHNICS FOR LANDSCAPE DESIGN SYMPOSIUM / LIVING WITH WATER IN SAO PAULO
LEGEND PHYTORREMEDIATION PROCESS
CONTAMINANTS Inorganic contaminants
Volatilization
Macro nutrients Metals
Ph yto me tab oli za tio n
P hy tod e
Salts
gra d
Radionuclides
ation tion
Organic contaminants
Chlorinated solvents Explosives
to e x
5 yr
P hy
Petroleum compounds
tr a c
1 yr
10 yr >20 yr zo
Pesticides and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP’s)
Ri Phytostabilization
de
a gr
da
tio
n
Vegeta on Type: Vegetable Family: Apiaceae
1
Daucus carota L. (carrot) Petroleum compounds Heavy Hydrocarbons
BTEX
TPH
Benzene; Toluene; Ethyl benzene, and Xylene
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Volatilization V Phy tode grad a tio n
1 yr 5 yr 1 0 yr z
Ri
e od
gr
ad
ati
on
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Poaceae
2
Axonopus compressus (Carpet Grass) Petroleum compounds Heavy Hydrocarbons
BTEX
TPH
Benzene; Toluene; Ethyl benzene, and Xylene
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Volatilization V Phy tode grad a tio n
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr z
Ri
e od
gr
ad
ati
on
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Poaceae
3
Bonteloua cur pendula (Side Oats) Petroleum compounds Heavy Hydrocarbons
BTEX
TPH
Benzene; Toluene; Ethyl benzene, and Xylene
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Volatilization V Phy tode grad a tio n
1 0 yr z
Ri
e od
gr
ad
ati
on
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Poaceae
4
Panicum virgatum L. (Switchgrass)
Volatilization P hy tode grad ation
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr on
>20 yr z
Ri
Phytostabilization
e od
ad
gr
a ti
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Varies
5
Lolium perenne Petroleum compounds
Explosives
PAHs Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Radionuclides Potential for stabilizing and metabolizing radionuclides
BTEX
TPH
Benzene; Toluene; Ethyl benzene, and Xylene
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Ph yto me tab oli za tio n
Volatilization P hy tode grad ation
1 yr 5 yr 10 yrr >20 yr R
Phytostabilization Phytostab
d izo
eg
ra
da
tio
n
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Varies
Bidens pilosa (Beggar Ticks Spanish)
Performance Potential for stabilizing and phytoaccumulating cadmium
10 yr >20 yr Phytostabilization
trac toex
1 yr 5 yr
tion
Metals: cadmium
Phy
6
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Varies
Brassica juncea
Performance Potential for degrading PAH
Petroleum compounds
Potential for accumulating Arsenic, Cadmium, Zinc, Chromium, Nickel and copper
Metals
Ph y tode grad tion
ation toex
trac
1 yr 5 yr
Phy
7
y 10 yr yr >20 yr >20 zo Ri
Phytostabilization
g de
ra
da
tio
n
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Varies
8
Canna x generalis
Petroleum compounds BTEX Benzene; Toluene; Ethyl benzene, and Xylene
Volatilization
Ph y tode grad ation
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr >20 yr z Ri
e od
gr
ad
ati
on
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Varies
Festuca arundinacea
Volatilization
Petroleum compounds
Ph yto me tab oli za tio n
Phy tode grad tion
ation
PAHs Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons BTEX
H TP
Benzene; Toluene; Total Petroleum Ethyl benzene, and Hydrocarbons Xylene
toex
trac
1 yr 5 yr
P hy
9
Metals
10 yr >20 yr zo Ri
de
gr
ad
at
ion
Potential for accumulating, stabilizing and metabolizing Zinc
Phytostabilization
Explosives Potential for stabilization Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Varies
Helianthus annuus Petroleum compounds PAH Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Anthracene, or Pyrene) Explosives Potential for stabilization Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
Metals Potential for accumulating, arsenic
P hy tode grad tion
ation toex
trac
1 yr 5 yr
P hy
10
yr 10 yr 10 yr >20 yr >20 z
Ri
Phytostabilization Phytostabil
e od
gr
ad
ati
on
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Varies
Tagetes patula (French Marigold)
Metals Potential for stabilising, metabolizing and/or extracting some heavy metals
Nickel, Arsenic, Cadmium and Zinc
5 yr 10 yr >20 yr Phytostabilization Phytostabil
trac toex
1 yr
tion
Ph yto me tab oli za tio n
Phy
11
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Fabaceae
12
Onobrychis viciifolia (Sainfoin)
Petroleum compounds TPH Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Volatilization
P hy tode grad ation
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr on
>20 yr z
Ri
e od
gr
ad
a ti
Vegeta on Type: Herbaceous Family: Fabaceae
Pityrogramma calomelanos L. (Dixie Silverback Fern; Gold Dust)
Metals
5 yr 10 yr >20 yr Phytostabilization Phytostabiliza
trac toex
1 yr
tion
Potential for hyperaccumulating arsenic
P hy
13
Vegeta on Type: Wetland Family: Ceratophyllaceae
14
Ceratophylum demersum (Hornwart) Explosives Potential for degrading cyclonite (RDX)
Pesticides
ation grad tode P hy
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr >20 yr
on ati ad gr e d zo Ri
Vegeta on Type: Wetland Family: Juncaceae
15
Juncus eusus (common rush) Petroleum compounds PAH Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Anthracene, or Pyrene)
P hy tode grad ation
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr >20 yr
R
d izo
eg
ra
da
tio
n
Vegeta on Type: Wetland Family: Haloragaceae
16
Myriophyllum aqua cum
Explosives Potential for degradin cyclonite (RDX) Potential for stabilization Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
Pesticides Diazinon, arrazine and others
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr >20 yr
Vegeta on Type: Wetland Family: Haloragaceae
17
Myriophyllum sibiricum Explosives Potential for stabilization Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr 20 yyrr >20 >
Phytostabilization
Vegeta on Type: Wetland Family: Haloragaceae
18
Myriophilum spicatum Explosives Potential for stabilization Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr >20 yr
Phytostabilization
Vegeta on Type:Wetland Family: Cyperaceae
19 Scirpus Mari
mus (Alkali Bulrush)
Petroleum compounds TPH otal Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Volatilization
P hy tode grad ation
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr >20 yr z
Ri
e od
gr
ad
ati
on
Vegeta on Type:Wetland Family: Typhaceae
20
Typha spp. (CaĆŠail) Petroleum compounds
Oil and Gasoline Total Suspended Solids COD and BOD Chemical and Biological Oxygen Demand DRO D iesel Range Organics
Volatilization P hy tode grad ation
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr >20 yr
od
eg
ra
da
ti o
n
Veege V eggeeeta t on ta n Typ ypee:: Tre ree Fami Fami Fa mily l : Ma Malv lvac lv acea ac cea eaee
21
Hibiscus liaceus
Phy tode grad ation
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr >20 yr
R
d izo
eg
ra
da
tio
n
Vegeta on Type: Tree Family: Salicaceae
22
Salix Humbold ana (Chile willow)
P hy
Volatilization
tode grad ation
1 yr 5 yr 10 yr >20 yr
R
d izo
eg
ra
da
tio
n
Vegeta on Type: Tree Family: Lecythidaceae
Lecythis ollaria (Coco de mono; abricot-de-macaco)
5 yr 10 yr >20 yr
Phytostabilization
trac toex
1 yr
tion
Volatilization
P hy
23