dekemberi 2014
civicus
#1
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sarCevi 03 redaqtoris sveti giorgi lolaSvili
04 CELA - demokratiuli sazogadoebis mSeneblobisTvis qeTi sarTania
09 wignebi - saqarTvelos elCebi miunxenSi qeTi mestviriSvili
12 moqalaqe mezRvauri mariam guliaSvili
14 ra dabrkolebebs xvdeba moxaliseoba saqarTveloSi eka darbaiZe
16 pirveli nabijebi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis mSeneblobisTvis levan lorTqifaniZe
18 ratom unda gavzomoT moxaliseoba? Tamar qaraia
24 tyviagaumtari precedenti giorgi lolaSvili
26 FACEBOOK-iT gaaqtiurebuli axalgazrdebi Tornike bolokaZe
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redaqtoris sveti giorgi lolaSvili
mogesalmebiT 'samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis' (CELA) Jurnal civicus-is pirvel gverdze. sanam Jurnalis SigTavss gaecnobiT, gvinda, mokled warmogidginoT misi koncefcia. dResdReobiT saqarTvelo mniSvnelovan cvlilebebs ganicdis, iRebs axal mimarTulebebs, iTvisebs axal realobas, acnobierebs axal standartebs. mkvlevarTa nawili Cvens SemTxvevas gardamaval, nawili - hibridul, an axalgazrda demokratias uwodebs. Tumca mocemul SemTxvevaSi umTavresia ara is, Tu rogor demokratias vuwodebT sakuTar Tavs, aramed, rogor gvesmis demokratiis arsi da, rac mTavaria, ramdenad vflobT demokratiul wesrigSi cxovrebisaTvis saWiro unar-Cvevebs. Tanamedrove periodSi sakuTar Tavs Cven bevr SekiTxvas vusvamT: gvaqvs Tu ara gacnobierebuli, saidan sad mivdivarT aris Tu ara es Cveni arCevani, Cveni organuli nawili da a.S. am kiTxvebze pasuxis Ziebisas umTavresia ara sazogadoebis ganwyoba, aramed is Tu ras vefuZnebiT da ramdenad informirebulebi varT. am Jurnalis (iseve rogorc asociaciis) mizani, swored samoqalaqo cnobierebis amaRlebaa. amis miRwevas ki iseT sakiTxebze aqcentirebiT vcdilobT, rogoricaa demokratiis ZiriTadi principebi da demokratiuli Rirebulebebis damkvidreba, adamianTa uflebebi da valdebulebebi, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis miRwevebi da gamowvevebi. amasTan erTad, Cveni vgegmavT, gagacnoT is pirovnebebi, romelTac arsebuli sazogadoebrivi 'wesrigis'
Secvla scades. es adamianebi Cveni socialuri da politikuri garemos gaumjobesebaze zrunaven. ivimedovnebT, Cven mier miwodebuli informacia mkiTxvelSi gaaCens im naperwkals, romelic waaxalisebs samoqalaqo aqtivobas,
civicus-is
pirvel nomerSi vrclad mogiyvebiT CELA-s misiisa da saqmianobis Sesaxeb. swored samoqalaqo ganaTlebis xelSewyobis ideam gaaerTiana am Jurnalis SemdgenelTa jgufi, romelTa didi nawili "demokratia da moqalaqeobis" kursdamTavrebulia. JurnalSi aseve visaubrebT moxaliseobaze, rogorc samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTarebis erT-erT umTavres indikatorze da SevxvdebiT adamianebs, romelTa samoqalaqo aqtivobis mizani sxvaTa cxovrebis ukeTesobisken Secvla iyo. "Tavad iyavi is cvlileba, romelic gsurs, rom moxdes samyaroSi", - mahaTma gandis es gamonaTqvami asociaciis devizia, romlis saqmeSi ganxorcielebis mcdelobebs JurnalSi araerTxel SexvdebiT.
04 | CIVICUS#1
CELA - demokratiuli sazogadoebis mSeneblobisTvis qeTi sarTania
samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociacia
zugdidi quTaisi gori axalcixe baTumi
Telavi Tbilisi
Civic Education Lecturers Association
sabWoTa kavSiri daingra da axalma socialur-politikurma sivrcem qveyanac axali gamowvevebis winaSe daayena qveyana. gaCnda uamravi kiTxvis niSani, romelze pasuxic garkveul gamocdilebasa da codnas moiTxovda. amasTanave, pirovnebis socializacia did wilad ukavSirdeba ganaTlebas. swored am epizodze SevaCereb yuradRebas da mogiyvebiT adamianTa jgufze, romlebmac ganaTlebaSi dainaxes moqalaqis ganviTarebis mniSvnelovani perspeqtiva. 2010 wlis kvlevis mixedviT, romelic saarCevno sistemaTa saerTaSoriso fondma (IFES) USAID-is proeqtis „ndobis gazrda saarCevno procesebisadmi“ (ITEP) farglebSi Caatara, saqarTvelos umaRlesi saswavleblebis programebi ar moicavdnen samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kurss. kvlevis Sedegebis gaTvaliswinebiT IFES-ma adgilobriv da saerTaSoriso eqspertebTan erTad wamoiwyo programa, romliTac umaRles saswavleblebSi dainergeboda axali kursi da is studentebs gaacnobda moqalaqeobisa Sesaxeb rogorc Teoriul masalas, aseve SesaZleblobas miscemda maT, praqtikaSi ganexorcielebinaT sagnis swavlebis ganmavlobaSi miRebuli codna da unarebi. Tavdapirvelad, 2011 wels, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kursi, saxelwodebiT
demokratia
www.cela.ge
da
moqalaqeoba,
sapiloted Setanil iqna saqarTvelos oTxi umaRlesi saswavleblis programaSi. momdevno wlebSi maTi ricxvi gaizarda da 2014 wlisTvis universitetebis raodenobam 21-s miaRwia. am cifrebs miRma ki uamravi
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sajaro administraciis sistemebi, adamianis uflebebi, samoqalaqo sazogadoeba da moqalaqeTa CarTuloba - es is sakiTxebia, romlebzec studentebi aRniSnuli kursis farglebSi swavloben, Tumca gansakuTrebul yuradRebas samoqmedo proeqti iwvevs, romelzec studentebi mTeli semestris ganmavlobaSi muSaoben. proeqti iTvaliswinebs konkretuli problemis gadaWras Sesabamisi amocanebis dasaxvisa da Sesrulebis gziT. amis magaliTia is proeqtebi, romelic „demokratia da moqalaqeobis“ studentebma saqarTvelos yvela sauniversiteto qalaqSi ganaxorcieles, xolo proeqtis beneficiarTa Soris iyvnen SSm pirebi (biblioTekis adaptireba, audio saxelmZRvanelos Cawera); skolis moswavleebi (SuqniSnebis mowyoba); miusafari adamianebi (saqvelmoqmedo RonisZiebebi); studentebi (sainformacio bazis Seqmna) da a.S. kursis monitoringisa da Sefasebis procesSi, romelic IFES-is organizebiT mimdinareobda „demokratia da moqalaqeobis“ garSemo gaerTianebuli leqtorebi semestrSi ramdenjerme xvdebodnen erTmaneTs. Sexvedrebze xdeboda samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis meTodologiisa da leqtorTa mier sxvadasxva universitetebSi miRebuli gamocdilebis gaziareba. msgavsi komunikaciis mizania gamowvevaTa Sefaseba da samomavlo strategiebis dagegmvacaa. swored am Sexvedrebisas gaCnda idea, rom IFES-is oTxwliani programis (ITEP) dasrulebis Semdeg arsebuli araformaluri qseli ar daSliliyo da ufro sistematizirebuli saxe mieRo. gamocdilebam, rac leqtorebs kurs „demokratia da moqalaqeobis“ farglebSi daugrovdaT, maT ufro didi miznebis dasaxvaSi Seuwyo xeli, ker-
Zod - moexdinaT miRebuli codnisa da gamocdilebis artikulacia. Sedegad, 2014 wlis aprilSi oficialurad Camoyalibda samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociacia, romlis misiis Sesaxeb vkiTxulobT asociaciis vebgverdze (http://cela.ge/ ) - „samoqalaqo cnobierebisa da CarTulobis donis gazrda qarTul sazogadoebaSi aqtiuri da ganaTlebuli moqalaqeebis ganviTarebis mxardaWeris gziT“. samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciam, Tavisi arsebobis mcire istoriis manZilze, ukve moicva saqarTvelos yvela sauniversiteto qalaqi (ramdenadac saqarTvelos 21 universitetTan gaformebuli urTierTgagebis memorandumis farglebSi afasebs da monitorings uwevs samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kursis swavlebas aRniSnul universitetebSi.) uaxloes momavalSi dagegmilia partniori universitetebis qselis gafarToeba. erT-erTi pirveli nabiji, rac am kuTxiT organizaciam gadadga, iyo samoqalaqo ganaTlebis konferencia, romelic 2014 wlis 27 ivniss gaimarTa, sadac monawileebma ganixiles saqarTveloSi samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis miRwevebi da perspeqtivebi. RonisZiebaTagan aseve aRsaniSnavia studentTa konferencia, romelic Seexeboda saqarTveloSi demokratiis mSeneblobis sakiTxs. konferencias eswrebodnen „demokratia da moqalaqeobis“ kursdamTavrebulebi saqarTvelos sxvadasxva universitetebidan, maT Soris iyvnen goridan, zugdididan, quTaisidan. (konferenciis masalebi - http://cela.ge/ge/system/ files/conference_paper.pdf). msgavsi Sexvedrebi xels uwyobs axali ideebis generirebasa da informaciis gacvlas konkretuli TemiT dainteresebul adamianebs Soris. mimdinare RonisZiebebidan unda aRiniSnos diskusiaTa seria "dialogebi demokratiaze" da proeqti "aqtiuri axalgazrdebi TanatolTa ganaTlebisaTvis". orive iniciativa miznad isaxavs studentebisTvis gamocdilebis gaziarebas da sadiskusio sivrcis Seqmnas.
qeTi sarTania | CELA demokratiuli sazogadoebis mSeneblobisTvis
leqtori da studenti dgas, romelTa aqtiurma muSaobam cxadyo, rom samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavleba ara mxolod xangrZliv perspeqtivazea gaTvlili, aramed mniSvnelovan Sedegs mcire periodSic iZleva.
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sxvadasxva aqtivobebis paralelurad, IFES-is mxardaWeriT kursis farglebSi Seiqmna studenturi qseli, sadac gaerTianebuli arian studentebi, romlebmac sxvadasxva dros da sxvadasxva universitetebSi Seiswavles kursi „demokratia da moqalaqeoba“. es qseli mudmivad izrdeba.
qeTi sarTania | CELA demokratiuli sazogadoebis mSeneblobisTvis
samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis xelmZRvaneli, qalbatoni Tamar qaraia asociaciis sxvadasxva mimarTulebasa da samomavlo gegmebze gvesaubra: - organizacia agrZelebs samoqalaqo ganaTlebis ganviTarebis mxardaWeras da misi gavrcelebisTvis zrunvas. am mizniT, Seiqmna sami mimarTuleba: pirveli - es aris mimdinare kursis „demokratia da moqalaqeoba“ Sefaseba da gadaxedva, romlis farglebSic moxdeba arsebuli Teoriuli masalis gadasinjva da axali saxelmZRvaneloebis SemuSaveba.
fotoebi | wyaro :
©
CELA
- Semdegi mimarTuleba, razec organizacia imuSavebs, aris arsebuli studenturi qselis gafarToeba da gaZliereba. am kuTxiT dagegmilia sxvadasxva proeqti, maT Soris aris fotokonkursi "moqalaqe In action", studenturi konferenciebi da sazafxulo skola. - mesame mimarTuleba aris kvleviTi samecniero saqmianobis ganxorcieleba,
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romlis farglebSic igegmeba sxvadasxva konferenciis gamarTva da samecniero Jurnalis gamocema. sabolood, organizacia Tavis miznad moiazrebs samoqalaqo ganaTlebis popularizaciasa da mis gavrcelebas sxvadasxva saganmanaTleblo sivrceebSi. aseve, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kuTxiT arsebuli mdgomareobis gasaumjobeseblad, asociacia sxvadasxva RonisZiebas gegmavs.
moaxdens gavlenas aRniSnuli sferos ganviTarebaze. aRsaniSnavia, rom kursis farglebSi ganxorcielebuli proeqtebi gascda mxolod studentebs da moicva sxvadasxva sazogadoebrivi jgufebi. am jgufebs Cvens momdevno gamocemebSi ufro axlos gagacnobT.
am etapze samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociacia zrunavs da fiqrobs iseT sakiTxebze, rogoricaa leqtorTa qselis gafarToeba da maTi CarTva samoqalaqo aqtivizmSi, studentebisaTvis saWiro sakiTxebze muSaoba da am jgufebis mudmivi gafarToeba. asociacia axorcielebs iseT proeqtebs, romlebic orientirebulia moqalaqeTa CarTulobasa da samoqalaqo aqtivizmis amaRlebaze ganaTlebis gziT.
leba, romelic gsurs, rom moxdes samyaroSi“. swored am ideis Ti-
saintereso Sexedulebebi gagviziara samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis warmomadgenelma, batonma zviad miminoSvilma. man saubrisas dadebiTTan erTad im gamowvevebzec gaamaxvila yuradReba rac samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebas axlavs Tan saqarTveloSi. kerZod samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kvlevebis waxaliseba da qseluri muSaobis xelSewyoba, rac aucileblad
Toeul studentamde mitanas emsaxureba kursi „demokratia da moqalaqeoba“ ukve oTxi welia. swored es idea aerTianebs asociacias, romelic Tavis rigebSi 50ze met samoqalaqo ganaTlebis profesor-maswavlebels, studentTa da kursdamTavrebulTa did qsels moicavs.
foto | wyaro :
©
CELA
organizaciis saqmianobebs, wevrebsa da gegmebs ufro detalurad SegiZliaT gaecnoT veb-gverdze: http://www.cela.ge/ asociaciis siaxleebi, konkursebi da maTi Sedegebi SegiZliaT avtotmatur reJimSi naxoT asociaciis „feisbuk“ gverdze: https://www.facebook.com/celageo
qeTi sarTania | CELA demokratiuli sazogadoebis mSeneblobisTvis
qalbaton TamarTan saubrisas, SevexeT iseT sakiTxs, rogoric aris samoqalaqo ganaTlebis mniSvneloba sazogadoebisTvis, sadac man aRniSna is problemuri Temebi, rac samoqalaqo sazogadoebis mSeneblobas axlavs Tan. maT Soris erT-erTi mniSvnelovani Temaa politikuri kulturis amaRlebaze zrunva, rasac asociacia realisturad swored axalgazrdebTan urTierTobaSi xedavs. qalbatonma Tamarma aseve aRniSna, rom mniSvnelovania saubari demokratiaze ara rogorc proceduraze, aramed rogorc Rirebulebaze - msgavsi Temebi ki ganaTlebis kategoriis sakiTxebia, romelsac samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociacia SeeWida da am kuTxiT, maT miRweul Sedegebze saubaric SeuZliaT.
sagulisxmoa samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis atributika, romelzec gamosaxulia mahaTma gandis gamonaTqvami - „Tavad iyavi is cvli-
09 | CIVICUS#1
wignebi saqarTvelos elCebi miunxenSi qeTi mestviriSvili
Tu dainteresdebiT, sad dadian "ucxoobaSi myofi" qarTvelebi mSobliuri atmosferos Sesaqmnelad, umravles SemTxvevaSi, getyvian, specialurad saTvistomosTvis gaxsnil qarTul restoranSio. am SekiTxvaze gansxvavebul pasuxs moismenT germaniis qalaq miunxenSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebisagan, romlebic, TiTqmis ukve weliwadia, SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis miunxenis qarTuli biblioTekis mkiTxvelebi arian. es ambavi germaniaSi myofi ori qarTvelis ganxorcielebul ideazea, romelic gvarwmunebs, rom keTili ocnebebi, saTanado motivaciiT Tu aRWurve, zRaprebs miRmac sruldeba. Au Pair programiT germaniaSi gamgzavrebuli qarTveli studentebi - salome salaZe da zurab dograSvili saerTo ideam daamegobra. maT mier miunxenSi daarsebuli qarTuli biblioTeka 2014 wlis Tebervlidan oficialurad funqcionirebs. biblioTekaSi amJamad 1 300-mde wignia da mkiTxvelis raodenobasac ar uCivian, Tumca iqamde, sanam biblioTeka dRevandel saxes miiRebda, arsebobda mxolod idea da problemebi farTis, finansebis arqonis da, rac mTavaria, wignebis Segrovebis. miunxenSi funqcionirebs vaxtang gorgaslis saxelobis qarTuli marTlmadidebluri taZari, romlis winamZRvaric dekanozi Tamaz lomiZea. swored am taZris erT-erTi kuTxe, moZRvris xelSewyobiT, daTmobili aqvs biblioTekas. salome salaZis TqmiT, am farTs arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs biblioTekis funqcionirebisaTvis, radgan
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igi mudmivad aravisgan finansdeba da Sesabamisad, farTis qiris gadaxda SeuZlebeli iqneboda. biblioTekis aRWurvilobis SesaZenad periodulad Tanxas agroveben mkiTxvelebi (miunxenSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebi), eklesiis mrevli da sxva msurvelebi. swored maTi daxmarebiT gaxda SesaZlebeli wignis Taroebisa da literaturis nawilis SeZena. salome da zura Segrovebul Tanxas saWiroebisamebr gankargaven da mkiTxvels, feisbuqis gverdis saSualebiT, detalurad abareben angariSs: "dRes SeviZineT 3 TeTri Taro, raSic gadavixadeT 117 evro + transportireba 30 evro. Taroebze ganTavsdeba 600 wigni".
biblioTeka qarTvelebisTvis | qeTi mestviriSvili
biblioTeka yovel kviras iReba da dRis ganmavlobaSi, nebismier msurvels SeuZlia wignis gatana ramdenime kviriT. registracia da wignebiT sargebloba ufasoa. saWiroa mxolod qarTulad kiTxvis survili. biblioTekis wignebiT momaragebaSi bevr adamians aqvs wvlili Setanili. salome da zura gansakuTrebulad aRniSnaven satransporto kompania „santa-transis“ warmomadgenlis, nana kutalaZisa da saqarTvelos erovnuli biblioTekis xelmZRvanelis, giorgi kekeliZis damsaxurebas: "erovnuli biblioTeka da misi xelmZRvaneli batoni giorgi kekeliZe Tavidanve gverdiT edga miunxenSi biblioTekis gaxsnis iniciativas da wignebis garkveuli raodenoba ramdenjerme ukve aCuqa Cvens biblioTekas. aseve saqarTvelos erovnul biblioTekaSi grovdeboda miunxenSi gamosagzavni wignebis didi nawili." biblioTekis wignebiT momaragebaSi TavianTi wvlili miuZRviT kompania „magTikoms“, ilias saxelmwifo universitetsa da wignis gamomcemlobebs saqarTvelodan. aRsaniSnavia kerZo pirTa dainteresebac. salome gulTbilad ixsenebs TiToeul adamians, romelTa CanTaSic ramdenime wigni yovelTvis ido miunxenis
biblioTekis ideis avtorebi zurab dograSvili da salome salaZe (m
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biblioTekisaTvis. qarTvelebi qveynis sxvadasxva wertilidan gzavnidnen wignebs miunxenSi da Tan samaxsovro warwerebs ukeTebdnen: "wigns saxsovrad vuZRvni germaniaSi mcxovreb qarTvelebs da mas visac saqarTvelo uyvars, swavlobs qarTul enas da ecnoba mis mwerlobas. gansakuTrebuli siTboTi da siyvaruliT saqarTvelodan - q. zugdidis meoTxe klasis moswavle elene gogoxia."
marjvniv)
funqcionirebs qarTuli sakvirao skola, sadac swavloben aq dabadebuli qarTveli bavSvebi. maT aranairi Sexeba ar aqvT qarTulad wera-kiTxvasTan da swored sakvirao skolaSi iviTareben am unarebs. sakvirao skola saqvelmoqmedo xasiaTisaa. bavSvebs aswavlian qarTveli studentebi, romlebic moxaliseobis principiT muSaoben. aranairi anazRaureba ar aqvT. vfiqrob, qarTuli biblioTeka, pirvel rigSi, swored am bavSvebisTvisaa." saqarTvelos erovnuli biblioTekis xelmZRvaneli, giorgi kekeliZe miunxenis qarTul biblioTekas ase afasebs: "biblioTeka aris mravalmxriv mniSvnelovani. pirvelyovlisa, es aris qarTuli saxelmwifos erTgvari niSani da elCi, meore mxriv, saukeTeso saSualeba iq mcxovrebi qarTvelebisTvis, ikiTxon qarTuli literatura".
"Cveno ucnobo megobaro, saqarTvelodan ase Sors am wignma kidev erTxel daganaxos Cveni qveyana, guli gagiTbos, suli gaginaTos, gaxsovdes: "samSoblo ufro Rrmadaa, ufro SigniT!" salome salaZe ambobs, rom misi motivacia, daearsebina biblioTeka, ganpirobebuli iyo surviliT, qarTvelebs qarTulad kiTxvis S e s a Z l e b l o b a h q o n o d a T . zura ki biblioTekis kidev erT funqciaze saubrobs: "qalaq miunxenSi, germaniis qarTuli saTvistomos xelSwyobiT,
salome salaZe da zurab dograSvili jer kidev studentebi arian, germaniaSi swavloben da saerTo saqmesac uZRvebian. biblioTekaze enTuziazmiT yvebian. undaT, rac SeiZleba meti Tqvan. naTqvamis Sinaarss romc ar daukvirdeT, saubris toniT, maneriTac mixvdebiT, Tu ra mniSvneloba aqvs maTTvis (da ara marto maTTvis) marTlmadidebluri taZris kedlebSi Sefarebul SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis qarTul biblioTekas.
biblioTeka qarTvelebisTvis | qeTi mestviriSvili
germaniaSi mcxovrebi marex nanava biblioTekis gaxsnis dRidanve misi mkiTxvelia: "roca gavige, rom biblioTeka ixsneboda da nebismier msurvels SeeZlo wignis gatana, Cems sixaruls sazRvari ar hqonda. SesaZlebloba momeca, qarTulad meti wamekiTxa. vfiqrob, wignebTan urTierToba yvelaze mniSvnelovania da qarTuli biblioTekis arseboba miunxenSi dRemde Zalas maZlevs."
moqalaqe mezRvauri mariam
guliaSvili
warmogidgeniaT, rogoria Tavisufleba iq, sadac mxolod ca, lurji okeane da dausrulebeli horizontia? bevrSi es peizaJi sxvadasxva asociaciebs gamoiwvevs, magram albaT Zalian cota gaaigivebs am sivrces samuSao garemosTan. isini, visac aseTi asociacia uCndeba, sakmaod sarisko, magram Zalian saintereso profesiis adamianebi - mezRvaurebi arian. sainteresoa, am ukidegano, gaSlil sivrcesa da TavisuflebaSi rogor SeigrZnoben isini mas, rac xmeleTisTvis ganuyofeli nawilia. saubaria mezRvaurze, rogorc moqalaqeze. saqarTveloSi momaval mezRvaurebs da adamianebs, romlebic apireben maTi saxmeleTo cxovrebac zRvas daukavSiron, baTumis saxelmwifo sazRvao akademia Sesabamisi ganaTlebis miRebis Sanss aZlevs. rogorc am universitetis biznesisa da marTvis fakultetis studentebi, Tamar Cxenkeli da elita goraZe amboben, saboloo miznis misaRwevad maT mxolod saswavlo programa ver daexmareba. saWiroa srulfasovani garemo, raSic gulisxmoben, rom maTi studenturi cxovreba datvirTuli unda iyos samoqalaqo aqtivobebiT. amitomac araa gasakviri, rom saganmanaTleblo kursi "demokratia da moqalaqeoba" akademiaSi didi popularobiT sargeblobs. kiTxvaze, Tu ratom gadawyvita momavalma sakruizo turizmis menejerma, gaevlo es kursi, sazRvao akademiis studenti ana anqubalia gvpasuxobs: "albaT, "axali xili" iyo da didi interesi gamiCnda, ukeT gamego, Tu ras Seiswavlida da konkretulad ras niSnavda demokratia da moqalaqeoba". rogorc Cans, "axali xili" sakmaod "gemrieli" aRmoCnda, radgan studentebi siamovnebiT gvesaubrebian im kontrastze, rasac xedaven sakuTar TavSi, rogorc moqalaqeSi, kursis dawyebamde da kursis dasrulebis Semgom. ana anqubalia Tavisi, rogorc "moqalaqis" zrdaze gvesaubreba: "radikalurad Secvlili var da vityodi, rom gavizarde. vfiqrob, rom avimaRle cnobiereba adamianTa uflebebisa da movaleobebis Sesaxeb. Tundac, aviRoT Tanasworobis
foto | wyaro : www.batumelebi.ge
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gansazRvravs Tu ara profesia moqalaqeobriv TviTSegnebas? adamianTa nawili miiCnevs, rom profesia pirovnebis moqalaqeobrivi TviTSegnebis Camoyalibebaze moqmedebs. isini fiqroben, rom Tu individs samsaxurebrivad aqvs Sexeba adamianebis uflebebis dacvasTan, kanonis aRsrulebasTan da msgavs sakiTxebTan, is, rogorc moqalaqe, meti valdebulebiT gamoirCeva. Tumca, baTumis saxelmwifo sazRvao akademiis studentebi fiqroben, rom Tu pirovneba iqneba informirebuli Tavisi uflebebisa da movaleobebis Sesaxeb, mas SeuZlia iyos srulfasovani moqalaqe da dakavdes sazogadoebisTvis sasargeblo saqmianobiT. aRmoCnda, rom studentebi kursis mimdinareobisas didi enTuziazmiT muSaobdnen moxalised sxvadasxva saxis proeqtebze, Tumca miuxedavad maTi didi mondomebisa, studenti naTia tunaZe aRniSnavs, rom sazogadoebis mxridan socialur sakiTxebze daintereseba naklebi iyo: ,,dRevandel sazogadoebas ar esmis am sityvis mniSvneloba. ai, Tundac Cvens saxelmwifos SevxedoT srulad arsad aris miRweuli demokratia. Cven, axalgazrdebi ki namdvilad vcdilobT CamovayaliboT demokratiuli sazogadoeba Cven garSemo’’. studentebi aRniSnaven, rom maT garSemo arsebuli sociumi indiferentulia samoqalaqo saqmianobis mimarT. is ukmarisobis grZnoba, rac maT moxaliseobrivi proeqtebis gakeTebisas gauCndaT, amaRlebs maT motivacias proeqtis farglebs gareT gaakeTon qveynisTvis sasargeblo saqme. ,,Cemi survi-
lia CarTulobiT, aqtiurobiT
aRmovfxvra sazogadoebrivi problemebi. vfiqrob es axalgazrdebis movaleobaa“, - gviyveba naTia tunaZe. kiTxvaze, Tu ra samomavlo gegemebi aqvs samoqalaqo aqtivobis TvalsazrisiT, naTia tunaZem sakmaod moulodneli pasuxi gagvca ,,didi survili maqvs, davaarso arasamTavrobo organizacia, sadac damuSavdeba msgavsi proeqtebi. am miznisTvis yoveldRe TiTo nabijiT win miviwev“. ,,mezRvauri moqalaqe“ - es sityvaTa martivi SeTanxmeba sakmaod araordinalurad JRers, magram Tu mas praqtikul garemoebebs davurTavT, yvelaferi Zalian organulad SeiZleba mogveCvenos. rogorc studentebi amboben, moqalaqeoba aris kavSiri individsa da saxelmwifos Soris. srulfasovani cxovrebisTvis mezRvaurs sWirdeba daamyaros kavSiri saxelmwifosTan da saxelmwifosac sWirdeba is, rogorc mamoZravebeli meqanizmi. mere ra, Tu is cxovrebis naxevars xmeleTze, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis garemocvaSi sulac ar atarebs. is pasuxismgebloba, rac unda axasiaTebdeT samoqalaqo sazogadoebis wevrebs, saWiroa nebismieri saqmianobis Sesasruleblad(Tundac es saqmianoba kerZo mizniT iyos ganpirobebuli). miTumetes, rom mezRvauri saerTaSoriso sivrceSi waradgens qveyanas. orkestri sinqronulobis principiT muSaobs. romelime musikosma, rom ,,dakargos violinos gasaRebi’’ sinqroni dairRveva. ukidegano okeaneSi, sadac amxela Tavisuflebaa, gansakuTrebiT saWiroa moqalaqeobrivi pasuxismgeblobis gaazreba. mezRvauric xom orkestris, rogorc demokratiuli saxelmwifos wevria. sazogadoebisTvis sasargeblo elementis povna yvela profesiis warmomadgenelSi SeiZleba, mTavaria gvaxsovdes, rom Cveni movaleobaa moqalaqeobrivi saqmianobis saSualebiT davukavSirdeT saxelmwifos da wvlili SevitanoT demokratiuli sazodagoebis mSeneblobaSi.
moqalaqe mezRvauri | mariam guliaSvili
principi, rac gulisxmobs imas, rom yvela calkeuli pirovneba, rogorc sazogadoebis wevri, Tanasworia da yvelas Tanabrad unda SeeZlos xelsayreli SesaZleblobis gamoyeneba, Tu marTlmsajulebis aRsruleba. aravis daCagvra ar SeiZleba, miuxedavad rasisa, mrwamsisa, eTnikuri warmomavlobisa, sqesisa Tu seqsualuri orientaciisa".
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ra dabrkolebebs xvdeba moxaliseoba saqarTveloSi eka darbaiZe
moxaliseobrivi saqmianoba mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs demokratiuli sazogadoebis formirebis procesSi. igi xels uwyobs moqalaqeobrivi TviTSegnebis amaRlebas da maT aqtiur CarTulobas qveynis politikur cxovrebaSi. pasuxismgeblobisa da swavlebis SesaZleblobebis SeTavazebis fonze, moxaliseobiT da erToblivi Zalisxmevis Sedegad, moqalaqeebs saSualeba eZlevaT gadaWran sazogadoebrivi sakiTxebi, gaaZlieron moqalaqeTa CarTuloba da miaRwion warmatebas iq, sadac resursebi SezRudulia.
rom kulturuli memkvidreoba, romelic postsabWoTa qveynebs sabWoTa kavSiris arsebobidan mohyveba, mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs moxalisis institutis arapopularobaSi. moxaliseoba saSualebas aZlevs adamianebs ganiviTaron axali unarebi da SeiZinon samuSao gamocdileba. swored es ukanasknelni xSirad ubiZgeben axalgazrdebs, mimarTon moxaliseobriv saqmianobas, rac wesiT Zalian aqtualuri unda iyos iseTi qveynebisaTvis, sadac maRalia umuSevrobis maCvenebeli da Sesabamisi praqtikis armqone axalgazrdebisaTvis rTulia dasaqmeba.
moxaliseobis instituti Cveni sazogadoebis warmodgenaSi ZiriTadad Sromis anazRaurebis gareSe adamianTa muSaobis praqtikas gulisxmobs, romelic altruistul qcevadaa miCneuli da romlis mizans sxva adamianTa daxmareba da socialuri sargeblis motana warmoadgens. moxaliseobrivi saqmianoba axalgazrdebs saSualebas aZlevs, daamyaron axali kontaqtebi, iswavlon, aRmoaCinon axali interesebi, SeiZinon da gaiRrmavon samuSao gamocdileba.
2001 weli msoflioSi moxaliseobis wlad iqna gamocxadebuli da Zalian bevrma saxelmwifom miiRo kanoni moxaliseobis Sesaxeb.
moxaliseobis maRali kultura zogier ganviTarebul sazogadoebaSi ukve tradiciul, damkvidrebul praqtikad iTvleba. saqarTvelo mniSvnelovnad CamorCeba sxva qveynebs, romlebmac am wlebis manZilze didi Zvrebi ganicades. samwuxarod, Cvens qveyanas ar gaaCnia moxaliseobis tradicia da sabWoTa kavSirSi moxaliseobis instituti komunisturi ideologiis Semadgenel nawilad iyo miCneuli, rac sinamdvileSi savaldebulo da iZulebiTi saxis aqtivobebTan iyo dakavSirebuli. aSkaraa,
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aRniSnuli sferos regulirebis Seswavlis mizniT Catarebulma kvlevebma cxadyo, rom moxaliseobis arapopularobis erT-erT mTavar mizezad qveyanaSi Seqmnili mZime socialur-ekonomikuri fonia miCneuli, sadac adamianebi pirvel rigSi anazRaurebad samuSaos eZeben da mxolod aseTis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi fiqroben garkveuli drois gamoyofas moxaliseobisaTvis. moxaliseoba Zalian popularulia msoflioSi. 2001 weli msoflioSi moxaliseobis wlad iqna gamocxadebuli. Zalian bevrma saxelmwifom miiRo kanoni moxaliseobis Sesaxeb da SeimuSava Sesabamisi politika moxaliseobis sferos regulirebis kuTxiT. bunebrivia gaCnda kiTxva, Tu ra
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mdgomareoba iyo moxaliseobis politikis kuTxiT saqarTveloSi. gvqonda Tu ara winsvla da garkveuli saxis miRwevebi sakanonmdeblo doneze. swored aRniSnul kiTxvebze sapasuxod, „fondi Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelosa“ da „axalgazrduli respublikis institutis“ ZalisxmeviT Catarda kvleva „saxelmwifo politika moxaliseobis sferoSi: qarTuli kanonmdebloba da msoflio praqtika“. aRniSnulma kvlevam aCvena, rom maRali samoqalaqo TviTSegnebisa da sazogadoebis ekonomikuri keTildReobis garda moxaliseobis praqtikis danergvaganviTarebisaTvis instituciuri faqtorebic umniSvnelovanesia. kerZod, sakanonmdeblo baza, romelic xels unda uwyobdes moxaliseTa dasaqmebiT dainteresebul arasamTavrobo organizaciebs. msoflioSi moxaliseobis institutis sakanonmdeblo regulirebis kuTxiT mimdinare reformebi saqarTvelos ar Sexebia. samwuxarod, Cvens qveyanaSi dRemde ar arsebobs kanoni, romelic moxaliseTa Sromis gamoyenebasa da sazogadoebisaTvis sasikeTo mimarTulebiT warmarTvaze iqneba orientirebuli. saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsi da saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsi es is ori ZiriTadi dokumentia, romelic dasaqmebis, Sromis anazRaurebis da gadasaxadebTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs aregulirebs qveyanaSi. aRniSnul kanonmdeblobaSi aranairad ar aris asaxuli cneba „moxalisis“ an masTan gaTanabrebuli piris statusi. Sesabamisad saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsSi „damsaqmeblisTvis“
dadgenili valdebulebebiT da uflebebiT „moxalise“ ver isargeblebs, xolo im SemTxvevaSi, Tu „moxalise“ dasaqmebulad gaformdeba, maSin kanoni masze srulad gavrceldeba da moxaliseobrivi saqmianobis arsi daikargeba. aSkaraa, rom 2001 wlis Semdeg saqarTveloSi moxaliseTa politikis xelSewyobis kuTxiT aranairi pozitiuri nabiji ar gadadgmula saxelmwifos mxridan. saqarTveloSi moqmedi arasamTavarobo organizaciebi aqtiurad cdiloben, rom danergon moxaliseobis praqtika da Sesabamisad isini garkveuli iuridiuli sakiTxebis mogvarebis winaSe dgebian. rogoricaa SromiTi xelSekrulebis gaformeba, kvebis Tu sxva xarjebis anazRaureba. aRniSnul kvlevaSi aseve ganxiluli iqna sxvadasxva qveynebis magaliTebi da maTi warmatebuli gamocdileba moxaliseobis kuTxiT. mocemulia konkretuli daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi, romlis mixedviTac, aucilebelia qarTuli kanonmdeblobis naklovanebis aRmofxvra, pirvelyovlisa aucilebelia moxdes „moxalisis“ statusis definicia da amis Semdgom Sromis kodeqsSi ganisazRvros moxalisis uflebebi da movaleobebi. kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom moxaliseobriv saqmianobas saqarTveloSi rogorc saxelmwifos, aseve samoqalaqo institutebis mxridan Sesabamisi xelSewyoba sWirdeba. aucilebelia, rom arasamTavrobo seqtorma safuZveli Cauyaros axali iniciativebisa da proeqtebis ganxorcielebas, romlebic sazogadoebaSi moxaliseobrivi saqmianobis popularizaciisaken iqneba mimarTuli. kvlevaSi daskvnis saxiT moyvanilia rekomendaciebi, romlebic Sesabamis struqturebs warmatebuli nabijebis gadadgmaSi daexmareba.
ra dabrkolebebs xvdeba moxaliseoba saqarTveloSi | eka darbaiZe
upirveles yovlisa aucilebelia moxdes 'moxalisis' statusis definicia da amis Semdgom Sromis kodeqsSi ganisazRvros moxalisis uflebebi da movaleobebi.
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pirveli nabijebi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis mSeneblobisTvis levan lorTqifaniZe
foto | wyaro : burusi.wordpress.com
albaT, bevri amtkicebs, rom saqarTveloSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis politikuri monawileobis praqtika ramdenime weliwads iTvlis. Cveni Tanamoqalaqeebis nawili miiCnevs, rom saxelmwifosgan da samTavrobo struqturebisgan damoukidebel qarTul sazogadoebriv institutebs muSaobis mwiri gamocdileba aqvT. arseboben TemiT dainteresebuli pirebi, romlebic samoqalaqo sazogadoebis Camoyalibebis pirvel niSnebs mxolod meoce saukunis 90ian wlebis periodSi amCneven. Tumca, mkvlevarTa dakvirvebuli jgufi martivad aRmoaCens im mravalwliani samoqalaqo aqtivizmis Sedegebs, romelsac ilias epoqis jer-jerobiT naklebad cnobili warmomadgenlebi axorcielebdnen. caristul ruseTSi samoqalaqo brZolas awarmoebdnen ganmanaTleblobis moZraobis, RaribTa Semwe sazogadebebis, presis Tavisuflebis mxardamWeri jgufebis aqtivistebi. minda Tqveni yuradReba gavamaxvilo adamianze, romelmac samoqalaqo ganaTlebis, kulturul dawesebulebaTa sazogadoebisTvis sasargeblod muSaobis da politikuri
monawileobis principebi erT idead gaaerTiana. mogexsenebaT, mecxramete saukunis ukanasknel wlebSi gansakuTrebiT gaZlierda ruseTis imperiis zewola erovnul umciresobebsa da saxelmwifos ganapira regionebze. bunebrivia. centraluri xelisuflebis cenzurasa da umkacres kontrols verc saqarTvelo gadaurCa. Cvens qveyanaSi ori paraleluri sazogadoebrivi moZraobis ukiduresma gaZlierebam ki Crdilouri represiebi gaaormaga. - imxanad saqarTveloSi ukve myari poziciebi ekavaT erovnulkulturuli avtonomiis momxreebsac da maT mowinaaRmdege socialistebsac. qarTul guberniebSi aviwroebdnen mSobliur enaze warmoebul nebismier saqmianobas, arbevdnen muSaTa da RaribTa Tavyrilobebs, ewinaaRmdegebodnen wera-kiTxvis masobrivi gavrcelebis nebismier mcdelobas, izRudeboda saxalxo kulturuli RonisZiebebis Catareba da a.S. maSasadame, mxolod
adgilobriv biurokratiasTan daaxloebul Tavad-aznaurTa da vaWarTa umcires jgufs hqonda
yvelanairi SesaZlebloba, gascnoboda msoflio literaturas, moewyo sajaro politikuri Tu kulturuli RonisZiebebi, ekiTxa gadaukeTebeli
damwuxrebul mkvlevar Tedo saxokiasa da publicist giorgi lasxiSvils. cxadia, TiToeuli am RonisZiebis mizani demokratiul RirebulebaTa popularizeba gaxldaT.
sagazeTo publikaciebi da SeeZina Tbilisis operis ZviradRirebuli bileTebi, qalaqis gareubnebSi mcxovrebi xelmokle mosaxleoba ki, romelic dReSi 12-14 saaTs muSaobda, moklebuli gaxldaT yvela am sikeTes.
faqtobrivad, avWalaSi mdgari es patara qvis saxli iqca qarTuli enis dacvis, Teatris ganviTarebis, araformaluri ganaTlebisa da politikuri socializaciis revoluciur kerad, romlis
monarqiis mowinaaRmdege inteleqtualTa mniSvnelovanma nawilma diskriminaciuli, uTanasworo reJimis gardaqmnis saukeTeso gzad qarTulenovani saganmanaTleblo da kulturuli moZraobis wamowyeba miiCnia. erT-erT umTavres miznad maT TavianTi saqmianobis sayovelTao gavrceleba daisaxes. maSasadame, moxaliseTa jgufis mier dagegmil RonisZiebebSi monawileoba sasurveli da xelmisawvdomi unda yofiliyo nebismieri moqalaqisTvis. inovaciuri ideebis, organizebisa da liderobis SesaniSnavi niWis wyalobiT am moZraobis saTaveSi aRmoCnda maswavlebeli mariam demuria. ra moimoqmeda mecxramete saukuneSi cnobilma aqtivistma qalma? Tbilisis ganapiras, CerqeziSvilis quCaze, umciresi SemowirulobebiTa da ilia winamZRvriSvilis mxardaWeriT mariam demuriam yvelaze xelmokle adamianebisTvis daaarsa „avWalis auditoria". mokrZalebuli orsarTuliani Senoba gadakeTda darbazad, sadac klasikuri Tu Tanamedrove literaturis mixedviT idgmeboda warmodgenebi qarTul enaze da imarTeboda sxvadasxva wignis, statiis, dokumentis sajaro kiTxva. saxalxo scenaze gamocdil msaxiobebTan erTad gamodiodnen araprofesionalebic, romelTac, niWis simciris miuxedavad, hqondaT sakuTari SesaZleblobebis gamocdis survili. magaliTad, Sekrebilebi mudam ovaciebiT amxnevebdnen scenaze daSvebuli Secdomebis gamo
saqmianobaSi monawileobis saSualeba yvelas Tanasworad hqonda. bunebrivia, auditoria uamrav sirTules waawyda mefis uSiSroebis samsaxurebTan dakavSirebuli agentebi xSirad arbevdnen scenas, xels uSlidnen demurias saqmianobas da uamravi sanqciiT cdilobdnen gambedavi qalisTvis xelis SeSlas. miuxedavad amisa, „avWalis auditoriam" ramdenime weli ifunqcionira. Sedegad, qalaqis Rarib ubnebSi Camoyalibda ganaTlebuli, solidarobis gansakuTrebuli grZnobis mqone da TviTmpyrobelobis winaaRmdeg brZolisTvis mudam mzad myofi kritikuli masa, romlmac moaxerxa da meoce saukunis dasawyisis yvela anticaristuli gamosvlis saTaveSi moeqca. mariam demurias mis mier daarsebuli keris ganadgurebis Semdegac ar Seuwyvetia sazogadoebrivi moRvaweoba. wlebis ganmavlobaSi misi saxli araerTxel qceula revolucionerTa TavSesafrad Tu TavSeyris adgilad. mariam demuria da misi originaluri saqmianoba Tavisuflad SegviZlia miviCnioT saqarTvelos samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTarebis pirvel da myar nabijebad. sasixarulod, moRvaweobis dros is marto ar yofila. masTan erTad kidev mravali moqalaqe cdilobda sakuTari sazogadoebrivi pasuxismgeblobis Sesrulebas. maTi muSaobis Seswavla, maTi Sromis Sedegebis gamokvleva ki nebismieri axalbeda mkvlevarisaTvis Ziebis saintereso obieqti unda iyos.
pirveli nabijebi samoqalaqo sazogadebis mSeneblobisTvis | levan lorTqifaniZe
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ratom unda gavzomoT moxaliseoba?
Tamar qaraia
mTeli msoflios moxaliseebi rom gaerTiandnen da saxelmwifo daaarson, es ukanaskneli aucileblad aRmoCndeba didi 20-ianis rigebSi. aRniSnulis mtkicebis saSualebas moxaliseTa Temis mravalricxovneba da maT mier warmoebuli socialuri da ekonomikuri kapitalis warmoebis masStabebi gvaZlevs. es saxelmwifo yvelaze humanuri da saerTo Rirebulebebze dafuZnebuli iqneboda. mocemuli daskvnis gakeTebis safuZvels jon hopkinsis samoqalaqo sazogadoebis kvlevis centris mier Seqmnili e.w. moxaliseobis rukis analizi gvaZlevs. moxaliseoba sazogadoebis konsolidaciis erT-erT umTavres maCvenebels warmoadgens. ramdenadac is zrdis ndobis, Tanaziarobis da samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis grZnobas, xels uwyobs kargi moqalaqis Camoyalibebas. saxelmwifoSi moxaliseobis koeficienti samoqalaqo sazogadoebis siZlieris erTgvar indikatorad SeiZleba CavTvaloT.
moxaliseobrivi kampaniebis gaZlierebam koncefcias am fenomenis aramxolod socialuri, aramed didi ekonomikuri Rirebulebis Sesaxeb daudo saTave. "wiTeli jvris da naxevarmTvaris" moxaliseTa uzarmazari korpusi swored amis damadasturebelia. krosnacionaluri kvlevebi moxaliseobis erTgvari rukis Sedgenis saSualebas iZleva. kvlevaTagan gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia: msoflios RirebulebaTa kvleva (WVS) da gelapis msoflio gamokiTxva (GWP). am kvlevebidan naTlad Cans, rom izrdeba, rogorc moxaliseTa ricxvi, aseve samoxaliseo saqmianobisTvis daTmobili droc. Sesabamisad, aRniSnuli saqmianoba SesaZlebelia, ara mxolod Tvisebrivi kriteriumebiT aixsnas, aramed SeiZleba misi gazomva da ricxvebSi daTvla.
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#1 zemoT dasaxelebul kvlevebis Sedegebis analizisas jon hopkinsis universitetSi gamoTvales, rom Tuki 1995 wlidan 2000 wlamde msoflios moxaliseTa raodenobas gavaerTianebT da erT erad movuyriT Tavs, miviRebT sididiT mecxre1 saxelmwifos, romelic 140 milion mosaxles gaaerTianebs. is gauswrebs iseT did saxelmwifoebs, rogorebicaa iaponia, meqsika, filipinebi, vietnami2 .
monacemebi aRebulia Semdegi qveynebidan: venesuela, kolumbia, brazilia, Cile, meqsika, argentina, slovakeTi, ungreTi, rumineTi, poloneTi, iaponia aSS, avstralia, israeli, irlandia, niderlandebi, avstria, espaneTi, germania, fineTi, belgia, safrangeTi, norvegia, italia, gaerTianebuli samefo, ruseTi, axali zelandia, kanada, dania, egvipte, kenia, tanzania, uganda, samxreT afrika, indoeTi, pakistani, filipinebi, korea, tailandi, portugalia, maroko, gana, peru, libani, Sveicaria, SvedeTi, dania. 1
1 CineTi
1,306 mln
2 indoeTi 3 aSS
1,094 mln 296 mln
4 indonezia 5 brazilia 6 pakistani 7 bangladeSi 8 ruseTi 9 moxaliseTa saxelmwifo 10 nigeria
229 mln 186 mln 158 mln 144 mln 143 mln 140 mln 129 mln
wyaro : Taking the measure of volunteering. (2011) UN.
2014 wlis monacemebze gadayvanis SemTxvevaSi arsebuli situacia Seicvleba, radganac gaeros kvlevebiT nigeriam 178 milioniT me-7-e adgili daikava. “World Population Prospects The 2012 Revision: Highlights and Advance Tables". The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations. pp. 51–55. Retrieved 11 August 2013 2
samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTarebisisas umTavresi faqtori adamianuri resursia, xolo aRniSnuli resursis Sevsebis saukeTeso da aprobirebuli gza moxaliseTa mozidva da maTi CarTulobis waxalisebaa. amis damamtkicebelia is faqti, rom Tuki arasamTavrobo seqtors ganvixilavT, rogorc ekonomikurad aqtiur Zalas, romelic kvlevaSi ganxilul 39 saxelmwifoSi mosaxleobis 4.5%-s warmoadgens, vnaxavT, rom maTgan 1.6% swored moxaliseobrivi saqmianobaa.
ratom unda gavzomoT moxaliseoba? | Tamar qaraia
#2
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#3 msoflios 36 qveyanaSi 140 mln moxalisis mier Sesrulebuli samuSao 20.5 mln srul ganakveTiani mosamsaxuris saqmianobas udris. Tuki gamoviyenebT e.w. „CanacvlebiTi Rirebulebis“ midgomas, moxaliseTa mier Sesrulebuli samuSaos Rirebuleba yovelwliurad 400 miliard amerikul dolars Seadgens, rac saSualod am qveynebis mSp-s 1.1 %-s udris. (ganviTarebad qveynebSi 0.7%, xolo ganviTarebulSi 2.7%). wyaro :
Taking the measure of volunteering. (2011) UN.
ratom unda gavzomoT moxaliseoba? | Tamar qaraia
#4
wyaro : International Volunteering from the United States between 2004 and 2012. Center for Social Development at the Washington University of St. Louis
moxaliseoba arCevania. moxaliseebi ara mxolod sazogadoebrivi sikeTis Seqmnis mizniT ewevian aRniSnul saqmianobas, aramed is profesiuli ganviTarebis saSualebasac warmoadgens. Travelanthropist.com -is Tanaxmad SesaZlebelia moxaliseobis Semdegi oTxi ZiriTadi motivatoris gamoyofa, esenia: kulturis gacnoba, ganaTleba, solidaroba da Tanadgoma. CamoTvlilTagan, swored saganmanaTleblo miznebis upiratesobas uCvenebs jorj vaSingtonis universitetSi Catarebuli kvleva, romlis mixedviTac profesiuli, personaluri da liderobis unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba warmoadgens samoxaliseo saqmianobaSi Cabmis umTavres mizezs.
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#5 samoxaliseo saqmianobaSi CarTulni arian ewevian ara mxolod dausaqmebeli da samuSaos maZiebeli, aramed swored rom dasaqmebuli da warmatebuli adamianebi.
analogiuri mdgomareobaa ganaTlebis sakiTxis ganxilvisas. moxaliseTa umetesoba umaRlesi ganaTlebis an mag-
wyaro : international Volunteering from the United States between 2004 and 2012. Center for Social Development at the Washington University of St. Louis
CamoTvlili ricxvebi naTlad gviCveneben, rom moxaliseoba ar aris mxolod humanuri, solidaruli aqti, aramed is, rogorc socialuri aseve ekonomikuri aqtivobaa, romelsac Tavisi mniSvnelovani wvlili Seaqvs msoflios ganviTarebaSi. moxaliseTa ricxvi ganuxrelad izrdeba, rac gviCvenebs, rom kacobrioba sakuTar saukeTeso gamocdilebaze swavlobs.
•Salamon, L. (2008, April). Putting volunteering on the economic map of the world. Paper presented at the IAVE Conference, Panama, Costa Rica. •International Volunteering from the United States between 2004 and 2012. Center for Social Development at the Washington University of St. Louis •The Global Center for Volunteer Service at the University of California San Diego (UCSD). http://www. ereleases.com/pr/africa-top-destination-for-global-voluntourism-11907 •Volunteerism report insights on the volunteer tourist. (2008-2009)http://travelanthropist. com/2009/10/2008-voluntourism-report-insights-on-the-volunteer-tourist.html •Taking the measure of volunteering. (2011) UN.
wyaro : International Volunteering from the United States between 2004 and 2012. Center for Social Development at the Washington University of St. Louis
ratom unda gavzomoT moxaliseoba? | Tamar qaraia
wyaroebi:
foto | wyaro : TIME Magazine
tyviagaumtari precedenti giorgi lolaSvili
nobelis premias erTi mniSvnelovani maxasiaTebeli aqvs - is TiTqmis yovelTvis msoflio sazogadoebas acnobs im adamianebs, romlebic xSir SemTxvevaSi, mainc mxolod maTi profesiis/dargis Tu qveynis SigniT arian cnobilni. ase icnobs(da SeiZleba iTqvas, rom paralelurad aRiarebs kidec) msoflio mecnierebs, samoqalaqo aqtivistebs/organizaciebs, politikosebs, romlebic TavianTi saqmiT Seecadnen, samyaro ukeTesi gaexadaT. wels nobelis premiam am adamianebTan erTad mweralic gagvacno(literaturis dargidan), magram amiT ramdenad moxarulebi unda viyoT, sxva Temaa. wlevandeli premia mSvidobis dargSi, rogorc xSirad xdeba xolme, gaiyo, amjerad or monawileze - kailaS satiarTisa da malala iusafzaize. satiarTi 60 wlis cnobili indoeli, bavSvTa uflebebis damcvelia, romelic bavSvTa eqspluatacias ebrZvis. man es jildo Tavisi 30-wliani SromiTa da brZoliT daimsaxura. rac Seexeba 17 wlis malala iusafzais(an, ubralod malalas, rogorc mas farTo sazogadoeba icnobs), is yvela drois yvelaze axalgazrda nobelianti gaxda. Tumca malala mxolod amiT ar aris gamorCeuli. is daibada da gaizarda pakistanis im regionSi, sadac Talibans mniSvnelovani gavlena aqvs. rodesac malala 12 wlis iyo, man BBC-sTvis fsevdonimiT gamoaqveyna blogi, sadac yveboda Talibanis mier gogonebisTvis skolaSi siarulis akrZalvaze. Semdeg amas sxva statiebi da interviuebi mohyva. 2012 wels
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Tavdasxmas gadaurCa da mas Semdeg ufro Riad da aqtiurad cdilobs Tavisi Tanatoli gogonebis uflebebis dacvas. am movlenis Semdeg aramxolod pakistanSi, aramed mTels msoflioSic mis garSemo uamravi mxardamWeri da TanamebrZoli gaerTianda. rogorc TviTon aRniSna, am gasrolis eqo mTels msoflios moedo. 2013 wels mas prezidentma obamamac ki umaspinZla. malalam maSin prezidentTan saubarSi amerikis terorizmTan brZolis politika gaakritika da sami mkafio gzavnili gaugzavna yvelas, visac miaCnia, rom terorizms ganviTarebuli msoflio bombebiT unda ebrZolos: amerikis SeerTEebulma Statebma im TanxebiT, rasac iaraRis damzadebaSi xarjavs, ganaTlebis gavrcelebas rom Seuwyos xeli, msoflioSi didi cvlilebebi dadgeboda. terorizmTan brZolisas yvelaze efeqturi saSualeba ganaTlebaa. sahaero dabombvam SeiZleba erTi-ori teroristi imsxverplos, magram is terorizms ver mouRebs bolos. sanam cidan bombebis cvena grZeldeba, terorizmic gagrZeldeba. amerikam pakistanis demokratizacias unda Seuwyos xeli. pakistani mxolod ase gaxdeba ganviTarebuli qveyana. malalasTvis nobelis premiis miniWebas uamravi diskusia mohyva sxvadasxva konteqstSi. feministebi aRniSnaven, rom es SeiZleba iyos axali aTvlis wertili qalTa uflebebisTvis brZolaSi iq, sadac aqamde amaze saubaric ki arafrismomcemi iyo. pakistanelebi aRniSnaven, rom malalas gamoCena xels Seuwyobs dasavlelebis mier maT stereotipuli aRqmis Sesustebas, TiTqos yvelani teroristebi, an maTTan dakavSirebu-
li pirebi iyvnen: “es didi jildo da Zalian kargi ambavia CvenTvis. am patara, magram gambedavma gogom pakistanze pozitiuri ganwyoba Seqmna. Cven, pakistanelebi malalas didi madlierebi varT.“ - uTxra Jurnalistebs malalas ojaxis axlobelma, ahmed Sahma. Tavad malala ki mis dajildovebas ase gamoexmaura:
'Cven vacnobierebT Cveni xmis mniSvnelobas mxolod maSin, rodesac Cven gvaCumeben.... es aris jildo yvela uxmo bavSvisTvis'. Tumca, nobelis premiis mflobelisadmi samSobloSi erTgvarovani damokidebuleba ar aris. nawili masSi xedavs ubralod erT Cveulebriv pakistanel gogonas, romelsac gaumarTla da msofliom gaicno, Tumca aseTi gogonebi milionobiT arian:“visurvebdi, rom msoflios am gogoze saubari Seewyvita. pakistansa da msoflioSic uamravi „malalaa“. ratom maTze ar laparakobs amerika da britaneTi?“ - uTxra erT-erTma pakistanelma megobarma „gardianis“ Jurnalist Saista azizs. zogi mas amerikuli da dasavluri specsamsaxurebis agentadac ki miiCnevs. raRa Tqma unda, yvela adamians gansxvavebuli pozicia aqvs, magram malalas mniSvneloba imiT gamoixateba, rom man Seqmna iseTi precendenti, romelsac ukve verc tyvia da verc skepticizmi ver moereva. malalas saxelobis fondi ukve sakmao resursebs flobs imisaTvis, rom daexmaros gogonebs aramarto pakistanSi, aramed iordaniaSi, nigeriasa da keniaSi. pakistaneli skolis moswavle gogonebis nawili mas ukve Riad uWers mxars, sxvebis mSoblebi ki imedovneben, rom misi wyalobiT TavianTi gogonebic SeZleben skolaSi siaruls.
tyviagaumtari precendenti | giorgi lolaSvili
ki Talibanis wevrebi misi skolis avtobuss daesxnen Tavs, raTa maT winaaRmdeg mebrZoli 15 wlis gogona gaenadgurebinaT, Tumca malala
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FACEBOOK-iT gaaqtiurebuli axalgazrdebi
BEACTIVE!! Tornike bolokaZe
25 noembers soxumis saxelmwifo universitetSi "samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis" iniciativiT studentebTan Sexvedra gaimarTa. misi Tema iyo „Be Active, anu rogor wavaxalisoT axalgazrdebis CarTuloba samoqalaqo aqtivobebSi“. “Be Active!!" (www.facebook.com/ groups/beactive!!) - es aris “Facebook” jgufi, romelsac yoveldRiurad uamravi axalgazrda stumrobs da misi meSveobiT iRebs informacias sxvadasxva RonisZiebaze, programasa da aqtivobaze. jgufis erT-erTi administratori da ideis avtori Tsu-is studenti Tornike bolokaZea. Tornikem “Be Active!!”-is saqmianoba soxumis universitetis studentebs gaacno. Cven mas vTxoveT vrclad esaubra am jgufis Seqmnis ideasa da mis samomavlo gegmebze: mocemuli axalgazrduli gaerTianebis Seqmnis idea 2012 wlis 28 aprils, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis, socialur da politikur mecnierebaTa fakultetis or studentis: Tornike bolokaZes da gaga gvenetaZes gauCnda diskusiis procesSi. jgufi Seiqmna im saRamosve. arsebobda udidesi motivacia, biZgi, Seqmnili mdgomareobidan gamomdinare, ramac ganapiroba am ideis gaCena da jgufis Seqmna. maSin arsebuli garemo warmoadgenda Semdegs: axalgazrdebs hqondaT informaciis sruli deficiti, umetesma studentma da moswavlem ar icoda, Tu ra aqtivobebi xorcieldeboda maT garSemo - amaze maT, ubralod
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obidan erTaderT gamosavals vxedavdiT me da gaga - Segveqmna raRac iseTi, rac uzrunvelyofda axlagazrdebis permanentul, operatiul da mowesrigebul informirebas sxvadasxva aqtivobebis Sesaxeb. amis ganxorcielebis yvelaze martivi da amavdroulad, efeqturi saSualeba iyo „Be Active!!-is“ Seqmna Facebook-ze. misi umTavresi mizani unda yofiliyo: • karieruli TvalsazrisiT warmatebuli, aqtiuri, informirebuli, Sromismoyvare da mizandasaxuli axalgazrda Taobis Camoyalibebis xelSewyoba (maTi waxaliseba, motivaciis amaRleba, profesiuli Tu pirovnuli ganviTarebis xelSewyoba). xolo, miznis misaRwevad Sesasrulebeli amocanebis rigi, Cveni TvalTaxedviT, Semdegnairad gamoiyureboda: • saqarTvelos mravaleTnikuri da multikonfesiuri saxelmwifos axalgazrdebis integracia erT sivrceSi; • axalgazrdebisTvis informaciis miwodeba sxvadasxva saxis aqtivobis Sesaxeb (treiningebi, seminarebi, saswavlo kursebi, simulacia-modelirebebi, gacvliTi programebi, konferenciebi, staJireba-vakansiebi, moxaliseobrivi aqtivobebi, debatebi, sajaro leqcia-diskusiebi da a.S.); • arasamTavrobo organizacia-sainiciativo jgufebsa da axalgazrdebs Soris komunikacia-kavSiris damyareba; • gaerTianebis miznidan gamomdinare, sxva saWiro saqmianobebis Sesruleba. daarsebidan 2 welze metis gasvlis Semdeg - ukve dRes, Tamamad SeiZleba imis
da bolos, uamravi axali ideiT datvirTuli jgufis administracia, mzadaa erTi mxriv, kvlav gaagrZelos jgufis amocanebis Sesruleba da, meore mxriv, axalagazrdebs SesTavazos miznis misaRwevad inovaciebi.
facebook-iT gaaqtiurebuli axalgazdebi | Tornike bolokaZe
olod da mxolod mcire elitaruli jgufebi, romelTac hqondaT mudmivi wvdoma proeqtebze, aqtivobebze mudmivi informaciis wyalobiT. arsebuli mdgomare-
Tqma, rom jgufma efeqturad Seasrula da asrulebs Tavis amocanebs, riTic xels uwyobs im saerTo miznis miRwevas, rasac saqarTvelos saxelmwifos axali aqtiuri da progresuli Taobis aRzrda hqvia. amas mowmobs im sociologiuri gamokTxvis Sedegebi, rasac jgufis administracia xSirad atarebs. agreTve, im usazRvrod kmayofil (informirebul da gamocdil) axlagazrdaTa ricxvi, romelic sxvadasxva proeqtebze damswreTa siaSi proeqtis Sesaxeb informaciis wyarod „Be Active!!-s“ asaxelebs. agreTve, im samadlobeli werilTa raodenoba, rac jgufis administracias xSirad misdis „Be Active!!-iT“ miRebul sargebelTan dakavSirebiT.
BEACTIVE!!
aravin ar acnobebda. arsebobda mx-
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