civicus | #2 by CELA

ianvari 2015

sarCevi 03 redaqtoris sveti giorgi lolaSvili

04 ra aris universaluri dizaini? marex gorgilaZe ana gogolaZe mariam gorjolaZe

08 samoqalaqo monawileoba da saarCevno procesebSi CarTuloba SSm pirebisTvis qeTi mestviriSvili

10 adgili SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis gareSe qeTi qurcikiZe

12 "ar unda iyos gageba - Cven da isini" giorgi lolaSvili

18 moqalaqis dRiurebi ramin maWaraSvili

28 TeTriT Savze ruben galiego

30 biblioTeka usinaTloTaTvis yaraman-giorgi beriZe

32 Tanamedrove amerikis etlSi mjdari Semoqmedi eka darbaiZe

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redaqtoris sveti giorgi lolaSvili

pirveli nabiji ukve gadadgmulia, axla meore nabijis gadadgmis jeria - mogesalmebiT "civicus"-is meore nomris pirvel gverdze. 3 dekemberi SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa saerTaSoriso dRea da amitom, gadavwyviteT, uaxloesi nomeri mTlianad maTTvis migveZRvna. Cven SevecadeT, am nomerSi Tavad maTac imdeni esaubraT, ramdensac sxvebi ilaparakebdnen maT garSemo arsebul sakiTxebze. "civicus"-is meore nomerSi Cven gagacnobT Sezuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone moqalaqeebs, romlebic stereotipis sawinaaRmdegod, bevrad ufro mets akeTeben Cveni sazogadoebisTvis, vidre bevri sxva. Tumca, rogorc erTma Cvenma respondentma CvenTan saubrisas aRniSna, ar unda, rom iyvnen "isini da sxvebi" da rom maTac iseTive SesaZleblobebi unda hqondeT, rogoric yvelas. "civicus"-is meore

nomris ydaze gamosaxuli rubikis kubiki swored im erTianobas gamoxatavs, riskenac SSm moqalaqeebi iswrafvian - erTianobas, sadac TiToeuli patara kubiki Tanabrad mniSvnelovani da integrirebulia mTlian kubSi. misi ideaca da Sesrulebac Cvens dizainersa da damkabadonelebs, marex gorgilaZes ekuTvnis. Cven garSemo uamrav adamians ar eZleva aranairi Sansi TviTrealizaciisTvis, radgan garemo mTlianad maT gauTvaliswinebladaa mowyobili. "civicus"-is am nomerSi gaecnobiT im adamianebsac, visac es axsovT da garemos Secvlas cdiloben, rom es Sansi sxvasac mieces. "civicus"-is respodentebi da avtorebi isaubreben imaze, Tu ra nabijebi unda gadaidgas am cvlilebebis gansaxorcieleblad, risi danergva gaxdis garemos universalurs da daSlili rubikis kubikis awyobaSi dagvexmareba.

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ra aris universaluri dizaini?

dizaini warmoadgens dizains yvelasTvis, morgebuls "inkluziuri TiToeuli individis saWiroebebze. " rosane ramosi

universaluri dizaini warmoadgens sistemas, sivrceebisa da nivTebis, informaciis, komunikaciisa da wesebis imgvarad dagegmvisaTvis, rom adamianTa rac SeiZleba metma jgufma SeZlos maTi maqsimalurad gamoyeneba damatebiTi da specialuri gadagegmvis gareSe. ufro martivad rom vTqvaT, universaluri dizaini es aris garemosa da masSi arsebuli TiToeuli nivTis dizainis morgeba yvela adamianze. es aris ara dizainis stili, aramed dizainis procesisadmi iseTi midgoma, romelic iwyeba momxmareblis gamocdilebis gaziarebiT. (wyaro: adaptirebuli garemo). universaluri dizaini aumjobesebs TiToeuli adamianis cxovrebis xarisxs. demokratiul qveynebSi dizainis principebi yvelasTvis Tanabrad unda xorcieldebodes, rogorc Tavisuflad gadaadgilebad pirze, agreTve etliT mosargeble, mxedvelobaSezRudul, smenadaqveiTebul an Tundac moxucebulze, mTavaria Seiqmnas iseTi universaluri garemo, romelic nebismier moqalaqeze iqneba morgebuli.

universaluri dizainis Camoyalibeba amerikaSi "samoqalaqo uflebebisaTvis brZolis" eraSi daiwyo. is efuZneboda adamianze orientirebul da socialur aspeqtebs, rogoricaa misawvdomi sacxovrebeli, urbanuli modernizacia, mentaluri janmrTeloba, xandazmuloba da bavSvis adreuli ganaTleba. termini "universaluri dizaini" pirvelad amerikelma arqiteqtorma ronald meisma gamoiyena, raTa aRewera yvela im produqtisa Tu garemos dizainis koncefcia, romelic mTlianad morgebuli iqneboda nebismieri adamianis moTxovnilebebze. droTa ganmavlobaSi Camoyalibda universaluri dizainis 7 ZiriTadi principi. maTi arsi socialuri CarTulobisTvis saWiro, Cveni yofiTi moTxovnebis realizebaa. es principebi gansazRvravs mTlian proeqts â&#x20AC;&#x201C; mis konceptualizacias, masStabs, aRwerilobas, specifikas da dakvirvebas imaze, rom adamians mTeli rigi SesaZleblobebi gaaCnia. es principebia:

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principi 2:

Tanaswor-gamoyenebadi

moqniloba

dizaini unda iyos moTxovnadi da gamoyenebadi sxvadasxva SezRudvis mqone pirTa mier.

dizaini unda iTvaliswinebdes individualuri SesaZleblobebis mravalferovnebasa da arCevanis upiratesobas.

makrateli, romelsac Tavisuflad gamoiyenebs rogorc memarjvene, aseve cacia adamiani.

momxmarebels aqvs SesaZlebloba akontrolos kompiuteris magidis simaRle saWiroebidan gamomdinare.

ra aris universaluri dizaini?

principi 1:

06 |CIVICUS#2

principi 3:

principi 5:

simartive da intuiciuri moxmareba

safrTxisgan daculi

momxmarebeli martivad da intuiciurad unda iyenebdes sagans

dizainma minimumamde unda Seamciros ucabedi an gauazrebeli moqmedebiT gamowveuli safrTxeebi da usiamovno Sedegebi.

misi gamocdilebis, ganaTlebis, enobrivi unar-Cvevebis an koncentraciis arsebuli donis miuxedavad.

sazogadoebrivi daniSnulebis Senobebsa da mis gare perimetrze ewyoba gzamkvlevi, romelic exmareba adamians, gansakuTrebiT mxedvelobadaqveiTebuls martivad manevrirebaSi.

usafrTxoebis mizniT svetebze datanili Savi zolebi exmareba yvela adamians, gansakuTrebiT ki mxedvelobadaqveiTebulT, usafrTxod manevrirebaSi.

principi 6: mcire fizikuri Zalisxmeva

principi 4: aRqmadi informacia

ra aris universaluri dizaini?

dizaini martivad aRqmadi unda iyos mosargeblisaTvis, miuxedavad misi sensoruli SesaZleblobebis an garemo pirobebisa.

matareblis Sesasvlelebis win daSuqebuli gansxvavebuli feris sinaTle miuTiTebs matareblSi Sesasvlel karebze. aseve karebis gverdiT arsebuli bordiurebi icavs adamians gadavardnis saSiSroebisgan.

dizaini SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas yvelasaTvis efeqturad da komfortulad, minimaluri fizikuri danaxarjebiT.

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zomisa da sivrcis sworad gamoyeneba sazogadoebriv dawesebulebebSi uzrunvelyofilia saTanado zoma da sivrce wvdomis, gamoyenebisa da manipulaciisTvis, miuxedavad mosargeblis sxeulis zomis, pozisa da mobilobisa.

warmodgenilia avtomaturi sakontrolo punqti, romelic ar aferxebs adamianis moZraobas da morgebulia nebismieri SesaZleblobis adamianze.

fotoze naCevenebia tramvais interieri, romlis Ziri Zalian dabalia da aq Semosvla aravis gauWirdeba arc moxucs, arc etliT mosargebles, arc bavSvs an dabal adamians da a.S. aseve aris erTi da ordasajdomiani adgilebi SuaSi sivrciT, sadac etliT mosargebles SeeZleba Tavisuflad moZraoba.

universaluri dizaini xels uwyobs socialuri mdgradobis Camoyalibebas, sivrceebis, produqtebisa da programebis usafrTxo, moxerxebuli wvdomis uzrunvelyofiT. adamianTa maqsimalurad didi jgufebisaTvis SesaZleblobebis uzrunvelyofis gziT is popularizacias uwevs janmrTelobas, keTildReobasa da inkluzias. universaluri dizainis mTavari da ZiriTadi mizania unarSezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi maqsimalurad CarTvis xelSewyoba. is efuZneba iseT Rirebulebebs rogoricaa Tanasworoba da Tanabari SesaZleblobebi, aqedan gamomdinare, universaluri dizaini gvWirdeba, rogorc socialuri mdgomareobis SesanarCuneblad, aseve mis ufro maRal safexurze asayvanad.

marex gorgilaZe ana gogolaZe mariam gorjolaZe

ra aris universaluri dizaini?

principi 7:

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samoqalaqo monawileoba da saarCevno procesebSi CarTuloba SSm pirebisaTvis qeTi mestviriSvili interviu saarCevno sistemaTa saerTaSoriso fondis warmomadgenloba saqarTveloSi (IFES) proeqtis xelmZRvanel nermin niSiCTan - b-no nermin maTTvis vinc ar icnobs IFES-s, gTxovT mokled mogviyveT organizaciis rogorc saerTaSoriso, aseve qarTuli misiis saqmianobis Sesaxeb? - saarCevno sistemaTa saerTaSoriso fondi (I F E S ) saerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo, miukerZoebeli organizaciaa, romelic mxars uWers moqalaqeTa uflebas, monawileoba miiRon samarTlian da Tavisufal arCevnebSi. Cveni damoukidebeli eqspertiza aZlierebs saarCevno sistemebs da xels uwyobs adgilobrivad gadawyvetilebis miRebisTvis saWiro unar-Cvevebis gamomuSavebas. rogorc saerTaSoriso lideri demokratiis mxardaWeraSi, Cven xels vuwyobT kargi mmarTvelobisa da demokratiuli uflebebis uzrunvelyofas saarCevno moxeleebis teqnikuri daxmarebiT, politikur procesebSi naklebad warmodgenili jgufebis gaZierebiT, saarCevno ciklebis gaumjobesebis mizniT kvlevebis CatarebiT. 1987 wlidan dRemde IFES-s namuSevari aqvs 135 ganviTarebad Tu ganviTarebul demokratiul qveynebSi. 1995 wlidan I F E S muSaobs saqarTveloSi, raTa xeli Seuwyos demokratiuli arCevnebisa da politikuri procesebis ganviTarebas. organizaciis saqmianoba fokusirebulia saarCevno kanonmdeblobisa da administrirebis gaumjobesebaze, samoqalaqo sazogadoebisa da mediis ganviTarebaze, politikuri dafinansebis reformasa da implementaciaze, mowyvladi jgufebis (SezRuduli

SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa da umciresobaTa warmomadgenelTa CaTvliT), politikuri da saarCevno uflebebis xelSewyobaze, mediisa da saarCevno kampaniis monitoringze, samoqalaqo da amomrCevelTa ganaTlebis programebis ganxorcielebaze. IFES amJamad axorcielebs USAID-is proeqts "saarCevno procesebis gaumjobeseba" (SEP) saqarTveloSi, romelic 2019 wlamde gastans, raTa xeli Seuwyos saarCevno procesebis ganviTarebas, romelic profesionalurad xorcieldeba damoukidebeli saarCevno organos mier, gamWvirvaled da samarTlianad, umaRlesi standartebiT uzrunvelyofs saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqis arCevnebSi monawileobis waxalisebasa da srulfasovan monawileobas. am miznis misaRwevad IFES aqtiurad muSaobs da daxmarebas uwevs saqarTvelos samoqalaqo sazogadoebasa da universitetebs, aseve, ZiriTad saarCevno institutebs, rogorebicaa: saqarTvelos centraluri saarCevno komisia, saxelmwifo servisebis ganviTarebis saagento, parlamenti da saqarTvelos mTavroba, saparlamento da arasaparlamento politikuri partiebi da saxelmwifo auditis samsaxuri. - ras akeTebs I F E S SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa politikuri da saarCevno procesebSi CarTulobis xelSewyobisaTvis? - IFES mravalferovani iniciativebiT did yuradRebas uTmobs SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebis saarCevno da politikuri uflebis realizebis xelSewyobasa da gaumjobesebas, rac gamoixateba qarTuli SSm pirTa organizaciebis, mediis, politikuri partiebis, parlamentis, mTavrobisa

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da centraluri saarCevno komisiis wevrebis teqnikuri daxmarebiT, maTTvis saerTaSoriso standartebisa da saukeTeso praqtikis, aseve, qarTuli konteqstisTvis Sesabamisi rekomendaciebis micemiTa da cnobadobis amaRlebis uzrunvelyofiT. amasTanave, I F E S TanamSromlobs iseT adgilobriv organizaciebTan, rogoricaa, "koalicia damoukidebeli cxovrebisaTvis" ("qolga" organizacia, romelic SSm pirTa sakiTxebze momuSave 25 organizacias aerTianebs), da xels uwyobs amomrCevelTa da samoqalaqo ganaTlebis xelmisawvdomobis proeqtebis ganxorcielebas saqarTvelos masStabiT. amasTanave, imisaTvis, rom etliT mosargeble an mciremxedvel amomrCevlebs miscemodaT SesaZlebloba damoukideblad miecaT xma TavianT saarCevno ubnebze, IFES-ma Seisyida da uzrunvelyo saarCevno ubnebi gadasatani pandusebiTa da gamadidebeli linzebiT. - 2013 wlis dekemberSi saqarTvelom SSm pirTa uflebebis konvenciis ratificireba moaxdina. ra mniSvneloba aqvs am faqts qveynisaTvis? - SSm pirTa uflebebis Sesaxeb gaeros konvenciis ratificireba iyo mniSvnelovani movlena saqarTvelosTvis. es dokumenti aris pirveli oficialuri valdebuleba, raTa myarad iqnas daculi SSm pirTa uflebebi qveyanaSi. aRniSnuli dokumentis saSualebiT, saqarTvelos moqalaqeebi Seafaseben Tu ramdenad aris garantirebuli saarCevno sakanonmdeblo CarCoTi SSm pirebis uflebebi. mniSvnelovania, daiZlios dabrkolebebi, romlebic zRudaven mosaxleobis garkveuli nawilis monawileobisa da maT sxva uflebebs. aRniSnuli dokumentis wakiTxva aucilebelia, raTa kargad gaerkvnen moqalaqeebi miznebSi, romlebic savaldebuloa Sesasruleblad. SSm pirTa uflebebis konvenciis qarTulenovani versia xelmisawvdomia am misamarTze -http://disability.ge/images/

stories/pdfs/konvencia.doc.pdf - es dokumenti mogcemT saSualebas Tqvenive TemSi, sazogadoebaSi, gansazRvroT, Tu ra etapze imyofebiT da sad gsurT rom mixvideT demokratizaciis TvalsazrisiT.

foto | wyaro: © IFES

adgili SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis gareSe | qeTi qurcikiZe

10 | CIVICUS#2

"orioni" SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone bavSvTa da mSobelTa swavlebisa da reabilitaciis dRis centri - ase hqvia dawesebulebas, romelic zestafonSi mdebareobs. igi jandacvis saministros SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa socialuri reabilitaciis programis daxmarebiT funqcionirebs. Senobamde misasvleli biliki da ramdenime safexuriani kibe specialuri saWiroebis mqone pirTa uproblemo gadaadgilebisaTvisaa mowyobili. karebis SeRebisTanave mivxvdi, rom gansakuTrebul adgilas movedi. derefanSi bavSvebi megebebian, cnobismoyvare TvalebiT miyureben, Tumca maleve TamaSs ubrundebian. TiToeuli maTgani gansakuTrebuli saWiroebis mqonea, sxvadasxva saxis daavadebiT, magram maTi SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi am kedlebSi TiTqos sruliad qreba. yvelaze naklebad swored aq grZnoben Tavs gansxvavebulad. am dawesebulebis saSualebiT bavSvebi, romelTa umravlesoba faqtobrivad mowyvetili iyo socialur cxovrebas, dRes maTTvis adaptireul garemoSi imyofeba. Senoba ramdenime nawiladaa dayofili. SesvlisTanave aRmoCndebiT did holSi, sadac kedlebze bavSvebis namuSevrebia gamofenili - aq naxavT rogorc maT naxatebs, aseve maT mier gadaRebul fotoebs. amave oTaxSia didi musikaluri centri, televizori da asawyobi auzi. rogorc "orionis" aRmasrulebeli mdivani, ina zarnaZe saubrisas aRniSnavs, es yvelaferi organizaciam saCuqrad miiRo. msgavsi saCuqrebiT "orions" msxvili kompaniebic iseve exmarebian, rogorc kerZo pirebi. magaliTad, Senobis win pandusi saqarTvelos bankis proeqtiTaa gakeTebuli. Semdegi ganyofileba ramdenime mozrdili oTaxisgan Sedgeba,

adgili Se SesaZleblo

qeTi qur

romlebSic dRis ganmavlobaSi bavSvebi sxvadasxva aqtivobebiT arian dakavebulni da gakveTilebic utardebaT. rogorc 14 wlis ana meubneba, mas gansakuTrebiT xatvisa da qargvis gakveTilebi uyvars. Tavis namuSevrebs maTvalierebinebs da

ezRuduli obebis gareSe

rcikiZe gamofenazec mepatiJeba, sadac misi da misi megobrebis naxatebi da naqargebi iqneba gamofenili. rogorc "orionis" aRmzrdelebi amboben, am dRisTvis bavSvebi gansakuTrebuli enTuziazmiT emzadebian, Tumca maTTvis msgavsi

RonisZiebebi sulac araa ucxo. qalbatoni ina CemTan saubisas aRniSnavs, rom msgavs RonisZiebebs TiTqmis yovelTviurad awyoben - xSirad dgamen speqtakelebs da gasvliTi warmodgenebic aqvT sxvadasxva adgilobriv skolaSi. aseve, dadian eqskursiebzec. "orionis" aseTi proeqtebis wyalobiT mosaxleobaSic Seicvala damokidebuleba. maT aRar ukvirT SSm bavSvebis quCaSi gamoCena. jandacvis saministros mier ganxorcielebuli am programis mizanic swored es aris - SSm bavSvebis integracia sociumSi. es dawesebuleba, rogorc sruli saxelwodebidan Cans, ara marto specialuri saWiroebis mqone bavSvebis, aramed maTi mSoblebis saswavlo centrsac warmoadges. rogorc organizaciaSi meubnebian, aseTi bavSvebis sazogadoebaSi integraciis erT-erTi damabrkolebeli mSobelicaa: "SSm bavSvebi ara marto sazogadoebis, sakuTari mSoblebis msxverplnic iyvnen, maT bavSvebi saxlSi hyavdaT gamoketili." 18 wlis qeTic "orionis" aRsazrdelia. 9 wlidan aq aris da inkluziur ganaTlebas iRebs. qeTi wels amTavrebs zestafonis #5 sajaro skolas. samwuxarod, male mas "orionis" datoveba mouwevs, radgan jandacvis saministros es programa mxolod 6-idan 18 wlamde bavSvebzea gaTvlili. qalbatoni inas TqmiT, dawesebulebas mxolod 40 bavSvis Caricxvis ufleba aqvs. danarCenebi TavianT rigs elodebian. Tumca, orionSi Casaricxad mxolod specialuri saWiroeba araa sakmarisi, bavSvebs socialurad daucvelis statusic sWirdebaT. me organizaciis TanamSromlebs madlobas vuxdi da vemSvidobebi, bavSvebic memSvidobebian da macileben TavianTi meore saxlidan, im sivrcidan, sadac TavianTi SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis cota xniT daviwyeba SeuZliaT.

adgili SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis gareSe | qeTi qurcikiZe

11 | CIVICUS#2

ar unda iyos gageba Cven da isini

Jurnal " c i v i c u s "-is erT-erTi mTavari mizani sazogadoebisTvis im adamianebis gacnobaa, romlebic sxvebs TavianTi saqmianobiT magaliTs aZleven. 33 wlis usinaTlo daviT yviriliani swored erTerTi am adamianTagania. daviTi usinaTloTa kavSirSi okupirebuli teritoriebis filialis Tavmjdomarea. Tavadac afxazeTSi daibada. Cven saubars misi adreuli asakiT viwyebT da daviTi Tavisi istorias gviyveba: 6 Tvis viyavi, roca aRmomaCnda glaukoma, anu Tvalebis wneva. Semdeg sakmaod bevri vimkurnale. glaukoma iseTi Zlieri formiT mqonda, rom Tvalis gadarCenis Sansi ar iyo. am daavadebas aqvs 3 forma: aris ioli forma, romlis drosac mxedveloba SenarCundeba da daavadeba SeiZleba iyos kontrolis qveS; aris saSualo forma, romlis drosac mcired inarCuneb mxedvelobas; da mesame, rTuli forma, romlis drosac rogorc ar unda imkurnalo, kargav mxedvelobas. dRevandel dRes aris saSualeba, rom SeinarCuno mZime formis drosac mxedveloba, magram es SeuZlebeli iyo maSin, rodesac me aRmomaCnda. davamTavre usinaTloTa 202-e sajaro skola pansioni, romelic mdebareobs avlabarSi. 2003 wels, rogorc ki skola davamTavre, Caviricxe soxumis saxelmwifo universitetSi. foto| wyaro: ÂŠ kreatiuli studia IGEO

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interviu daviT yvirilianTan

- Tqveni studentobis periodze momiyeviT. - studentoba iyo mniSvnelovani, magram yvelaze didi minusi is hqonda, rom aranairi piroba ar iyo swavlisTvis. dRes rom internetTan wvdoma maqvs da raRacas vakeTeb, maSin es ocneba iyo. Zalian rTuli iyo. faqtobrivad, Cemi ojaxis wevrebTan, Cems megobrebTan erTad davamTavre universiteti. ZiriTadad sxvebze viyavi damokidebuli, rom saswavlo masala maT waekiTxaT CemTvis. dRevandel situaciasTan SedarebiT Zalian didi gansxvavebaa. saxarbielo situacia arc dRes aris, magram yovel SemTxvevaSi, maSindeli da dRevandeli studenti bevrad gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisgan. ase Tu ise, internetTan wvdoma aqvT, SeuZliaT programebiT wignebi moiZion. Tumca, saqarTveloSi yvela saiti ar aris usinaTloebisTvis adaptirebuli, Cvenda samwuxarod. ucxoeTSi amis problema ar aqvT. yvelaferi gaTvlilia da morgebuli unarSezRudul adamianebze da usinaTloebze miTumetes. zogadad, ganaTlebis sferoSi seriozuli problemebia. Cems dros ar iyvnen, magram dRes sivrceSi orientaciis maswavleblebi, rac kargia, magram es yvelaferi aris Zalian cota. yvelaze mTavari da mniSvnelovani rac aris - reabilitaciis centri, is ar gvaqvs. Cvenda samwuxarod, aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac mozrdil asakSi kargavs adamiani mxedvelobas. imisTvis es aris Zalian didi tragedia da sWirdeba Tavisi Tavis reabilitireba sazogadoebaSi. swored aseTi adamianebisTvisaa pirvel rigSi, msgavsi dawesebulebebi saWiro. - Tqven sakmaod aqtiuri adamiani brZandebiT. Tu SegiZliaT myinvarwverze asvlis istoria rom mogviyveT. - universitetis dasrulebis Semdeg, Cveulebrivad gavagrZele muSaoba usinaTloTa kavSirSi. monawileobas viRebdi sxvadasxva proeqtSi. 2010 wels gavicani gia jvarSeiSvili, "studia jeos" direqtori, dRes arasamTavrobo organizacia "vimegobroT" xelmZRvaneli. am adamianma saqarTvelos da-

moukideblobis istoriaSi pirvelad Tanamedrove mwerlebisa da poetebis anTologia dabeWda brailis SriftiT. aqedan daiwyo Cveni megobroba. mere Cemi cxovrebis istorias gaecno. ar davmalav da afxazeTis TiTqmis mTeli istoria sakuTar Tavze maqvs gadatanili. Cemi istoriisa da aqtiurobidan gamomdinare, aseTi kiTxva damisva: "ras gaakeTebdi, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebma sakuTari Tavis reabilitacia moaxdinon da ar iyvnen Caketilebi?" bevri fiqris Semdeg gadavawyviteT, rom myinvarwverze wavsuliyaviT. 3 Tu 4 Tve vfiqrobdi. mainc, msgavsi gamocidleba iqamde ar mqonia. sabolood, davTanxmdi. gaviare konsultaciebi moqmed alpinistebTan da yvelaze mniSvnelovani is iyo, rom imaze met sirTules mixatavdnen winaswar, vidre iq Semxvda, fsiqologiurad rom mzad vyofiliyavi am yvelafrisTvis. sakmod did riskze wavedi da Semdeg bevrjer mifiqria, Tu rogor gamiriskavs. - mTasvlelebis gundi rogor iyo dakompleqtebuli? usinaTlo marto Tqven iyaviT? - jgufi iyo rvakaciani. usinaTlo marto me viyavi. aqedan erTi iyo Jurnalisti da erTi operatori. konkretulad mwvervalze avediT me, ori mTamsvleli da operatori. 2010 wlis 23 oqtombers daviwyeT eqspedicia da 26-Si ukve mwvervalze viyaviT. konkretulad myinvarze asvla ar gariskes, gayinuli iyo mwvervali da safrTxeebTan iyo dakavSirebuli. viyavi gergeTis mwvervalze, 4600 metrze. slogani mqonda, rom SeuZlebeli araferia. mindoda yvelas daenaxa, rom raRac problemis miuxedavad, sazogadoebisgan Caketili ar unda viyoT. mTavari mizani iyo is, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobis adamianebs daenaxaT, rom SeuZlebeli araferia. simarTle giTxraT, am yvelaferma Sedegi gamoiRo. bevri adamiani gaaqtiurda. vfiqrob, mniSvnelovani roli viTamaSe am situaciaSi. vamayob imiT, rom raRac wvlili maqvs Setanili, magram kidev bevrad metia gasakeTebeli.

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- mTavari saTqmeli visTanac unda misuliyo, imaTTan Tu mivida? Tqven albaT bevr usinaTlos icnobT da maT rogori damokidebuleba aqvT cxovrebisadmi? - Tu Zvel Taobaze visaubrebT, cota rTuli damokidebuleba aqvT. axalgazrdebi met-naklebad gaaqtiurdnen. bevri gvayvs usinaTlo, romlebic kompiuterul programebSi muSaoben da a.S. cota asakianebi mainc rTulad uyureben am yvelafers. axla sadac Cven vimyofebiT teritoriulad(qvemo foniWalaSi), es iyo usinaTloTa dasaxleba. Tu vinme skolas an universitets daamTavrebda, yvela modioda da aq saxldeboda. aq maT specialurad mowyobil saamqroebSi asaqmebdnen. mere uceb yvelaferi daingra da Semdeg inteleqtualur ganviTarebaze wavediT. maT ki, cota ar iyos, gaurTuldaT da gauWirdaT. mTel qveyanas gauWirda, magram usinaTloebs imaze metad, vidre sxvas.

- Tqvenc usinaTloTa kavSiris wevri xarT. Tqvens aqaur saqmianobaze gviambeT. - mesame kursi rom davasrule, mas Semdeg vmuSaob usinaTloTa kavSirSi - konkretulad, devnilTa filialis Tavmjdomare var. ZiriTadi saqmianobaa, arasamTavrobo organizaciebis proeqtebSi monawileoba. sakmaod bevrsaqvelmoqmedo RonisZiebasac vakeTebT, rac simarTle rom vTqva, CemTvis miuRebelia. raxan pirovneba SezRuduli SesaZleblobebisaa, es ar niSnavs imas, rom sul qvelmoq-

foto| wyaro: ÂŠ kreatiuli studia IGEO

medeba unda gaukeTo. mieci Sesabamisi adaptirebuli samuSao Tu saganmanaTleblo garemo, absoluturad gadamxdelunariani iqneba, Tundac is usinaTlo adamiani. organizaciebi raRac TvalsazrisiT, viTom sikeTes akeTeben, magram am dros azarmaceben xalxs. midgomaa araswori. qvelmoqmedebas bevri midgoma da ganxra aqvs. SeiZleba iseTi saxis qvelmoqmedeba gakeTdes, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebma Seitanon yvelaze didi wvlili. mimaCnia, rom es yvelaferi saxelmwifos bralia. saxelmwifos ar aqvs strategiuli midgoma SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebis mimarT. - saxelmwifos rolze saubrobdiT. dRevandel midgomas rogor

interviu daviT yvirilianTan

- usinaTloTa kavSirSi sakmaod bevri adamiania CarTuli. zogadad, organizaciis wevrebisTvis ra mniSvneloba aqvs usinaTloTa kavSirs? usinaTloTa kavSiri 1926 wlidan arsebobs. es organizacia aris Seqmnili usinaTloebis mier. kavSirs konkretuli damfuZnebeli ar hyavs, is ramdenime aTeulma adamianma daaarsa. icvleba Taobebi da organizacia moRvaweobas ganagrZobs. Cven 21 filiali gvaqvs regionebSi.

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interviu daviT yvirilianTan

SeafasebT? - raRacebs ki cdiloben, magram arasworad. yvelaze mTavari aris erTi ram: me sadac CarTuli ar var, iq me vageb. CarTuloba unda iyos, inkluzia unda iyos yvelaze maRali. TviTon SezRuduli SesaZleblobis adamians unda hkiTxo, mas ra unda da ara Seni iniciativiT raRac gaukeTo. sxvaTa Soris, gaeros konvencia amas iTvaliswinebs. Cven is miviReT 2012 wels da misi ratificirebac moxda, ukve implemetaciis procesSia. sworad aris aq yvelaferi gasakeTebeli. yoveli fexis nabijze irRveva Cveni uflebebi. antidiskriminaciuli kanonic ki gvaqvs, magram kanoni kanonia. am yvelafers swori midgoma da ganxorcieleba sWirdeba. Cemi problema iwyeba rogorc ki sadarbazodan gamoval. garemo araadaptirebulia. araferi ar aris. SeniT - unda moaxerxo yvelaferi da amas bevri usinaTlo da SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone adamiani ver axerxebs. yvela Cemnairi riskiani ar aris. Cvenc SegviZlia, rom Cveni moqalaqeobrivi vali movixadoT da qveynis ganviTarebaSi miviRoT monawileoba. sazogadoeba ar unda iyos daqsasuli. ar unda iyos gageba "Cven da isini". - saxelmwifoSi Tu aris raime organo Seqmnili, romelic SSm pirebTan komunikacias da maT problemebze muSaobas iTvaliswinebs? premier-ministris aparatTan specialuri sabWoa Seqmnili. raRac sakiTxebSi aqtiuroben, magram es zRvaSi wveTia. prezidentic gvestumra centrSi. 13 noemberi usinaTloTa dRe aris da maSin iyo mosuli. vfiqrob, mniSvnelovania msgavsi vizitebi. mainc saxelmwifos pirveli piri modis SenTan da es ukve raRacas niSnavs. zogadad, CvenTan Zalian bevri mwerali modis da Zalian bevri sazogado moRvawe, magaliTad, daTo turaSvili, eka togoniZe, giorgi kekeliZe, Teona dolenjaSvili da a.S. ganvixilavT maT wignebs. yovelwliurad gamovcemT almanaxs. me ki ar miyvars ase dayofa, magram usinaTlo mwerlebis da Tanamedrove mwerlebis nawarmoe-

bebia erTad dabeWdili. Cven Zalian bevri kulturuli wre gvaqvs. magaliTad, musikaluri (2 ansambli hyavs usinaTloTa kavSirs), literaturuli wre, speqtaklebsac vdgamT. erT-erTi speqtakli sportisa da axalgazrdobis saministrom daafinansa da mec maqvs monawileoba miRebuli. - visaubroT samuSao garemozec. rogori pirobebi aris usinaTloebisTvis da zogadad, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqonde pirebisTvis? - aris ramdenime precedenti. Semosavlebis samsaxurma 2011 wels ganaxorciela proeqti, sadac SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone adamianebi daasaqma, maT Soris 7 usinaTlo. erT-erTi Cemi meuRlea. is mciremxedvelia. am adamianebma Sesabamisad, gaiares gasaubrebebi da testirebebi da sxvadasxva sferoebSi daasaqmes. es precedenti arsebobs, magram Zalian cotaa. usinaTloTa kavSirSi aris 3500 adamiani gawevrianebuli. saxelmwifo samsaxurSi dasaqmebulia 7 Tu 8. am 7-8 dasaqmebulis garda 116 adamiani vmuSaobT usinaTloTa kavSirSi, organizaciis danarCeni yvela wevri umuSevaria. komerciuli kompaniebi da arasamTavrobo organizaciebi erTjeradad, proeqtis saxiT Tu iTanamSromleben CvenTan, magram dasaqmebis SemoTavazebebi ar yofila. visaubreT infrastruqturaze, saxelmwifos damokidebulebaze da axla rac Seexeba sazogadoebas. Tqven rogor afasebT sazogadoebis damokidebulebas? - sazogadoebrivi cnobiereba da informirebuloba aris dabali. amaSi yvelaze didi roli aqvT mediasaSualebebsa da Jurnalistebs. sazogadoebrivi cnobiereba aris aucileblad asamaRlebeli. gaeros konvenciis 21-e muxli am yvelafers iTvaliswinebs. - konkretulad, ra SeniSvnebi gaqvT mediasaSualebebis da Jurnalistebis mimarT? - Zalian bevri. erT konkretuls ver vityvi. politikosebs yvelaze metad

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eSlebaT - "an brma unda iyo, an yru unda iyo" - aseTi saxis gamoTqmebi CemTvis Seuracxmyofelia. es gamoTqmebi ukve diskriminaciaa da stereotips aZlierebs.

- TqvenTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani ra aris, rasac SecvlidiT garemoSi da adamianebis damokidebulebaSi? - pirvel rigSi, CemTvis mniSvnelovani aris sazogadoebis sworad informireba, cnobierebis amaRleba. stereotipebis dangreva - zogadad, rac SezRuduli SesaZleblobis pirebis mimarT aris. am yvelaferSi yvelaze didi roli mainc saxelmwifos aqvs. socialur models iTvaliswinebs gaeros konvencia. me SezRuduli SesaZleblobis var janmrTelobis mxriv. socialur sakiTxebSi igive var, Cveulebrivi adamiani, iseTive, rogoric Tqven. me Sesabamisi garemo unda mqondes, rom mec viarsebo am qveyanaSi, mec Sevasrulo Cemi movaleobebi da Cemi moqalaqeobrivi vali movixado.

esaubra giorgi lolaSvili

interviu daviT yvirilianTan

Tqveni informaciiT, Tu muSaobs vinme am sakiTxze, rom mediasaSualebebSi msgavsi saxis gancxadebebi ar gakeTdes? - ki, bevrjer yofila amaze kamaTi. sxvaTa Soris, giorgi qorqias, rusTavi 2-ze wamoscda aseTi ram, saubrobdnen imaze rom muhamed alis sapativcemulod gamarTul koncertze gamodioda stiv vanderi da man Tqva, "Zalian gaigo axla stiv vanderma, sad iyoo". arada, warmoidgineT, erTi TviT adre me vejeqi studiaSi. e.i. me ver gavige sad vijeqi? pirdapir eTerSi bodiSi ar mouxdia, magram yovel SemTxvevaSi, Tavis danaSauls mixvda. pirdapir unda uTxra yvelas, rom Seuracyofas gayenebs Tavisi komentariT, an qceviT. axla me oTaxSi davjdebi Tu aivnaze, rogor ar aqvs magas mniSvneloba. me garemosac aRviqvam, tyeSi seirnobac miyvars, imitom rom iqaur simSvides vgrZnob. sxva organoebiT da orientaciiT me bevr rames aRviqvam.

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foto | wyaro: ÂŠ ramin maWaraSvili

moqalaqis dRiurebi ramin maWaraSvili

ramin maWaraSvili baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis saxelmwifo universitetis studenti da SSm pirTa axalgazrduli organizaciis -"cvlilebebi Tanabari uflebebisTvis" - wevria. man specialurad "civicus"-isTvis erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi (15 dekembridan 21 dekembris CaTvliT) dRiuri awarmoa.

rodesac dRiuris dawera SemomTavazes, romelic unda gamoqveyndes da sazogadoebam naxos, cota Sevfiqriandi - dRiuri, romelic iwereba da winaswar ici, rom sxvebma unda waikiTxon, mimaCnia, rom bolomde gulaxdili ver iqneba da Sesabamisad, dRiuris namdvili arsic darRveulia (nawilobriv mainc). miuxedavad amisa, mainc davTanxmdi, radgan Sansi momeca, sakuTari cxovrebisa da saqmianobis erTi kvira gavacno sazogadoebas, gavuziaro maT Cemi Sexedulebebi da mosazrebebi im sakiTxebze, romelic mawuxebs. vecdebi, viyo gulaxdili ise, roogorc namdvil dRiurs Sehferis da obieqturad avsaxo Cemi cxovrebis es erTi kvira.

15/12/2014 orSabaTi diliT yovelTvis 8-is naxevarze viRviZeb, magram adgomiT rvaze an cxris naxevarze vdgebi, Tu gansakuTrebiT ar meCqareba sadme. dResac 8-is naxevarze dayenebulma Cemi telefonis zarma gamaRviZa, magram maSinve ar avmdgarvar. 9-ze da 10-ze leqciebi mqonda, magram vifiqre, rom ajobebda cota kargad gamomeZina da seminarisTvis mivsuliyavi. 11 iyo dawyebuli, rom avdeqi. Cemi biZaSvilebi - 13 wlis ana da 15 wlis giorgi karga xnis wasulebi iyvnen (umcrosi skolaSi, ufrosi ki profesiul saswavlebelSi). Cavicvi, movwesrigdi, dilis locvani wavikiTxe, aviRe CanTa da wavedi universitetSi. diliT yovelTvis ase gavdivar, radgan TiTqmis yovelTvis meCqareba da amitom waxemsebazec ki ar vfiqrob xolme. aseT ritms ukve miveCvie. avtobusis gaCerebaze daaxloebiT 7-10 wuTi avtobusma malodina, rasac yvelaze Zalian ver vitan. gzidan mivwere dalis, Cems kursels, rom magviandeba da seminaris leqtors ara ar daawerino-Tqo. universitetSi rom mivedi, Tormeti iyo dawyebuli da sisxlis samarTlis seminarze kazusebs testuri meTodiT werdnen, mivedi Tu ara, mec im wuTSive Sevudeqi weras. leqtorma adgilzeve gaaswora testebi da Sefasebebic dawera. umravlesobam oTxebi miviReT. me vTxove, rom Cemi Secdomebis gaanalizeba msurda da ganxilva moviTxove im adgilebis, sadac Secdomebi mqonda, magram rogorc yovelTvis, axlac uari miviRe, radgan ukve zaris dro iyo da leqtors kidev ramdenime seminari hqonda Casatarebeli. me vuTxari, rom Tu ase darCeboda, maSin sxva drosac imave Secdomebs davuSvebdi. amanac ar gamoiRo Sedegi, miuxedavad imisa rom dali da kidev ramdenime kurseli, romelTac CemsaviT codnis miReba ufro ainteresebT vidre niSnebi, mxari amibes. leqtorma gviTxra, rom Tavisufali

saaTebis cxriliT gvesargebla da maSin mivsuliyaviT masTan, magram praqtikaSi es jer ar ganxorcielebula da arc mgonia, moxerxdes. Tumca, aRniSnul leqtorTan kargi uTierToba gvaqvs da aseTi kamaTebi sxvadasxva Temebze xSiria Cven Soris. universitetSi viyavi, rodesac megobarma damireka, Tomam, Cemi organizaciis TanadamfuZnebelma da Tavmjdomarem. Toma aris saocrad mebrZoli, da mizandasaxuli adamiani. miTxra, rom preskafeSi damelodeboda. raRac mniSvnelovan saqmeze undoda saubari. iq TomasTan erTad damxvda Tamari, baTumis xelovnebis universitetis kinomcodneobis fakultetis mesame kurseli da Cveni organizaciis axali moxalise. ise, orasze meti moxalisea Cveni organizaciis klubSi gawevrianebuli, magram samoqalaqo kuTxiT aqtiuri mxolod ramdenime aTeulia. Tomas da Tamars mivesalme. Semdeg SevukveTeT samarxvo pica da daviwyeT saubari, jer megobruli, Semdeg ki saqmiani. Tomam miTxra, rom Cven axal megobars qeTis surs "awarmoe saqarTveloSi" programis farglebSi proeqtis dawera da unda, rom erToblivad vimuSaoTo iseT proeqtze, romliTac SSm pirebic isargebleben. Cven qeTisTan adrec gakvriT vimsjeleT sxvadasxva socialur proeqtze da dRes mas surda samomavlod Sexvedra daeTqva da konkretuli ideebiT SevxvedrodiT erTmaneTs. me da Tomam visaubreT sxvadasxva SesaZleblobebze, maT Soris SSm pirTaTvis saWiro damxmare saSualebebis warmoebis SesaZleblobaze. Semdeg ganvixileT SemTxveva, roca erTerTi avtoritetuli telekompaniis gadacemis eTerSi saubrisas misma wamyvanma diskriminaciuli termini "invalidi" gamoiyena. me vTqvi, rom mivwerdi internetiT mis wamyvans da Cveni organizaciis saxeliT gavesaubrebodi terminebze da maTi sworad gamoyenebis mniSvnelobaze.

moqalaqis dRiurebi | ramin maWaraSvili

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moqalaqis dRiurebi | ramin maWaraSvili

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Tamaric xSirad erTveboda da afiqsirebda Tavis azrs. Semdeg Tema SevcvaleT da bedisweris Sesaxeb daviwyeT saubari. Cven Tamars vumtkicebdiT, rom bediswera ar arsebobs. maSin adamianis arsebobas azri ekargeba, radgan Tu misi yoveli nabiji gansazRvrulia, maSin igi robotis, marionetis rolSi gamodis da adamianis Tavisufali nebac ar arsebula, rac qristianul religiasac ewinaaRmdegeba-meTqi. mgoni, davarwmuneT. Semdeg visaubreT samSabaTs dagegmil Sexvedrebze bsu-s studentebTan romlebic muSaoben SSm pirTa sakiTxebze "demokratia da moqalaqeobis" sagnis farglebSi. unda gveswavlebina yvelaze mTavari da elementaruli, rac dasawyisisTvis aucilebelia am sferoSi: terminebi, socialuri da samedicino midgomebi, inkluziuri ganaTlebis roli, adaptirebuli garemo da a.S. aseve, samSabaTsve gvaqvs Sexvedra aWaris jandacvis saministroSi - maT samomavlo proeqtze Cveni azri ainteresebT. gakvriT visaubreT "sicocxlis xisa" da "evraziis fondis" mier Cveni samomavlo ideebis dafinansebis SesaZleblobaze, romelic usinaTloebzea mimarTuli. ukve gviani iyo da angariSi moviTxoveT, Semdeg tradiciuli qarTuli kinklavi Cemsa da Tomas Soris - ara me gadavixdi, ara me. bolos Tomam gaimarjva, radgan Cemze jiutia da wamovediT. avtobusis gaCereba tradiciulad manqanebis sadgomad iyo qceuli. amis gamo adaptirebuli avtobusebi trotuarTan axlos ver modian, Sesabamisad, pandusic ver wvdeba trotuars, rom etliT mosargeble pirdapir Tavisuflad avides avtobusSi. amis gamo, avtobusma, romelsac albaT 15 wuTi velodeT, axlos mosvla ver SeZlo (Tumca me vfiqrob, mZRols rom eyoCaRa, mainc moaxerxebda). mZRolma Cems Txovnaze, rom Tavidan ecada Semosvla trotuarisken, miTxra, xeliT daviWiroT pandusi da Toma amovideso. raRas vizamdi, davTanxmdi da rodesac Toma amodioda, pandusi xelidan damicurda da is kinaRam

Zirs gadmovarda. kidev kargi, xelis SeSveleba movaswariT. am faqtis gamo, Tomas wasvlis Semdeg mTeli gza vnerviulobdi. parkingis samsaxuris xelmZRvaneli rom sadme Semxvedroda, albaT did sayvedurebsac miiRebda. am problemis Sesaxeb araerTxel gavafrTxileT baTumis meria, jarimebis gazrdac moviTxoveT da parkingis samsaxuris gaaqtiurebac, magram arc erTi gakeTda da arc meore. merma gviTxra, rom Turme winasaarCevnod dahpirebia xalxs jarimebis Semcirebas da mgoni, apireben kidec. es kidev ufro Seuwyobs xels Tavxedi mZRolebis mxridan parkirebis wesebis darRvevas. yvelaze cudi ki isaa, rom amas SesaZloa Cemi megobris janmrTeloba Sewirvoda. saxlSi misuli cud xasiaTze viyavi. vivaxSme da mecadineobas Sevudeqi. Semdeg "niWieri" daiwyo da Cemi biZaSvilebi ise mondomebiT uyurebdnen, mec veRar gavZeli da vuyure. gansakuTrebiT smenadaqveiTebulTa ansambl "liles" gamosvla momewona. marTlac saocrebas akeTeben, miTumetes iseT garemoSi, sadac yvelaferi maT winaaRmdegaa ganwyobili: xelisuflebis politika, romelic mxolod amomrCevelTa gulis mogebas cdilobs, sazogadoebrivi stereotipebi da a.S. Semdeg cota kidev vimecadine da daaxloebiT or saaTze gamaxsenda, rom im gadacemis wamyvanisTvis unda mimewera, rom terminologias dahkvirveboda. asec moviqeci da sami iyo dawyebuli, rodesac Ziliswina locvebi vTqvi da davweqi.

16/12/2014 samSabaTi dila tradiciulad, maRviZaras xmiT daiwyo. Cavicvi, viloce da wavedi avtobusis gaCerebaze. ukve cxra iyo dawyebuli. avtobusma daagviana, Semdeg erT-erT gaCerebasTan Camovedi da sxva avtobusSi gadavjeqi, magram universitetamde raRac manZili mainc fexiT gaviare. baTumSi, gansakuTrebiT

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samoqalaqo aqtivobaSi CaeTvlebaT da maTi proeqtis SedegSic SeuZliaT asaxon. Cven ki ubralod axal xalxs gavacaniT Cveni saqmianoba da vecdebiT, davainteresoT. Tavis droze mec sagan "demokratia da moqalaqeobis" gavlisas CaverTe samoqalaqo aqtivobebSi. Sexvedraze movida Cveni erTi megobari da gviTxra, rom dekembris 20-21-22-Si aris saqvelmoqmedo aqcia eras moedanze, sadac agroveben Tbil tansacmels zamTrisaTvis gaWirvebulTa dasaxmareblad da informaciis gavrecelebaSi daxmareba gvTxova. Cven, ra Tqma unda, davTanxmdiT. ukve mosaRamovda da saxlebSi wamovediT. me da Toma xval, barbarobas, mivdivarT xelvaCauris axalgazrdobis centrSi SSm pirTa sakiTxebze sasaubrod. amis gamo gadavde Sexvedra Cems ramdenime kurselTan, romlebTan erTadac vmuSaob student痺｣ri TvTmmar痺要elobis axal reformaze. vcdilob gadmovitano is gamocdileba rac aSS-Si miviRe "Open World"-is orkviriani programis faglebSi sxvadasxva universitetis monaxulebisas. saxlebSi mSvidobianad davbrundiT, guSindelisgan gansxvavebiT. saxlSi mosvlis Semdeg vivaxSme da sanam mecadineobas daviwyebdi, mSoblebTan davreke imereTSi da movikiTxe. me xom aq biZaCemTan vcxovrob da gadatvirTuli dReebis gamo albaT weliwadSi sul xuTjer Tu Cavdivar mSobliur WiaTuraSi axloblebis sanaxavad.

17/12/2014 oTxSabaTi diliT Cemi biZaSvilebi Cveulebriv, 9-isTvis wavidnen. me ki Tavi mtkioda da Zili gavagrZele, radgan dRes xelvaCauris axalgazrdobis centrSi dagegmili Sexvedris gamo leqciebis gacdena momiwevs jobda, gamomeZina. gamoZinebam miSvela. rom gaviRviZe Tormetis naxevari iyo, magram maSinve ar avmdgarvar. naxevari saaTis ganmavlobaSi axloblebs vulocavdi barbarobas

moqalaqis dRiurebi | ramin maWaraSvili

ki gareubnebSi, transportis seriozuli problemaa. Tomam damireka da wavediT aWaris jandacvis saministroSi Sexvedraze. maT surs SSm pirTa staJireba maTTan departamentebSi (aTamde adamianis mainc), magram mxolod umaRlesi ganaTlebis an studentis statusis mqone adamianebs miiReben, radgan Sidaganawesisa da regulaciebisTvisaa saWiro. me vuTxari, rom aseTi SSm pirebis moZieba TiTqmis SeuZlebelia, radgan saqarTveloSi saerTod araa namdvili inkluziuri swavleba da universitetSi ki ara, skolaSic ver dadian SSm pirebi, araadaptirebuli garemosa da kidev sxva problemebis gamo. minitris moadgilem gviTxra, ramdensac moviZibeT, imdeniT daviwyoTo. amasTan dakavSirebiT igegmeba memorandumis gaformeba saministrosa da Cven organizacias Soris. aseve, Cven xazi gavusviT damxmare saSualebebis xarisxis problemas, maT Soris etlebisas, romlis xarisxzec mudam vsayvedurobT saministros. amjerad gviTxes, rom axla axali maRazia Semovida maT programaSi da italiuri etlebi CamoaqvT. me da Toma vaprebT, rom movinaxuloT maRazia am dReebSi. Sexvedraze Cven Tan gvaxlda kinoreJisuris kursdamTavrebuli studenti, romelic iRebda moklemetraJian films SSm pirTa warmosaCenad, Toma iyo, ase vTqvaT, mTavari gmiric da filmis konsultantic. igi wamogvyva saxalxo dacvelis ofisSic da iqac gadaiRo ramdenime kadri Sexvedridan, sadac studentebs vesaubrebodiT SSm pirTa sakiTxebze. visaubreT swor da araswor terminebze da maT mniSvnelobaze, samedicino da socialur midgomebze, inkluziur ganaTlebaze, adaptirebul garemosa da universalur dizainze. zogadi informacia mivawodeT imisTvis, rom CvenTan erTad paraskevs SeZlon seminaris Catareba, romelsac baTumis 15-e sajaro skolaSi wavikiTxavT. es maTTvisac kargi iqneba, radgan

moqalaqis dRiurebi | ramin maWaraSvili

22 | CIVICUS#2

imereTsa Tu aWaraSi. pirveli iyo dawyebuli, rom avdeqi. sauzmobac movaswari, radgan universitetSi aRar meCqareboda da sainformacio gadacemasac vuyure. ori iyo dawyebuli, saxlidan rom gavedi da gadavwyvite, sakaTedro taZarSi mivsuliyavi da sanTeli damenTo. am dRes CvenTan imereTSi yovelTvis gansakuTrebulad aRniSnaven. asec moviqeci da samis naxevarze mivedi baTumis demokratiuli CarTulobis centrSi, sadac Tomas unda Sevxvedrodi. iq iyo Tamaric da misi megobari, aseve, irakli, Cveni megobari da "TanamebrZoli". unda aRvniSnoT, rom irakli aris "kreatiul azrTa sawyobi", romelic Zalian gvexmareba xolme proeqtebis dawerasa da ganxorcielebaSi. sam saaTamde movamzadeT saprezentacio masalebi da samze mogvakiTxa axalgazrdobis centris manqanam wasayvanad. iq rom mivediT, oTxis TxuTmeti wuTi iyo. Cven visaubreT SSm pirebze, maT uflebebze, sazogadoebis rolze da saxelmwifos valdebulebebze. aseve, xazi gavusviT mSobelTa rols SSm pirTa sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi CarTvis saqmeSi. iq iyvnen Cveni proeqtebis monawile ramdenime SSm piri da maTi ojaxebi, aseve, xelvaCauris municipalitetis xelmZRvaneloba da axalgazrdebi. axalgazrda SSm pirebma da sxvebma Tqves leqsebi, imReres, daukres gitaraze. Semdeg, dasasruls, migvipatiJes kafeSi, magram gveCqareboda, radgan 5 saaTze xelovnebis universitetSi xelovanTa klubis mier gadaRebuli moklemetraJiani filmebis Cvenebaze viyaviT miwveuli. maT Soris iyo filmi Tomas Sesaxeb. saxeli ki, "sxva mxare" iraklis idea iyo, gadamRebsac moewona da daarqva. filmi nanaxi ar gvqonda da gvainteresebda, rogori iyo. radgan darCena ar SegveZlo, pica, xaWapurebi da koka-kola gzaSi gamogvatanes. adgilze xuTze mivediT, Cveni darCenili sagzali dacvas davutoveT da vuTxariT rom gemrielad mierTva. prezentacia

meore sarTulze iyo da TavisTavad, kibeebis problema wamoiWra. Tomas aqac mouxda diskriminaciis gadatana da iraklim kidev erTi adamaianis daxmarebiT is xeliT aiyvana. filmebis wardgenas awyobda Cveni megobari, qeTi, romelic klubis direqtoria. aseve, Cvenebas daeswrnen aWaris sportisa da axalgazrdobis departamentis xelmZRvanelebi, Cveni kargi nacnobebi. filmebi, rbilad rom vTqvaT, ar iyo xarisxianad gadaRebuli da arc ideurad brwyinavdnen, montaJic ar iyo kargi. Cven gvTxoves komentari da kritikac ki, razec Tavi SevikaveT da Cemi azriT, Cveni am dumiliTac naTqvami iyo yvelaferi. Tomas ki filmis reJisoroba miawera im gogonam, vinc gadaiRo da amiT TviT Tomac ki gaocebuli darCa. Tamunas ki, rogorc momaval kinokritikoss, TavianT gverdze sTxoves kritikuli SeniSvnebis gamoqveyneba. iq bevrma aqo da adida xuTive filmi, rac ar momewona. adamianma simarTle unda uTxra adamians, roca ramis Sefasebas gTxoven, radgan Tu naklovanebaze ar etyvi, naklovanebebs verc gamoasworebs. es, piriqiT, uaresia misTvis. dasasruls, Toma iqidan kvlav xeliT Camoiyvanes foieSi, sadac qeTi da Tomas filmis gadamRebic elodnen. me da iraklim maSin ki mivuTiTeT naklovanebebze da maT Soris imazec, rom filmebi teqnikurad Zalian cudi gadaRebuli iyo. magaliTad, tvini, romelic kedelze esxmeba gasrolis Semdeg, talaxs ufro hgavda. xolo uSualod Tomas filmze, rac gvegona rom iqneboda, saerTod ar iyo im mimarTulebiT. qeTim meore dRes migviwvia proeqtis daxurvis RonisZiebaze, romlis farglebSic es filmebi gadaiRes. Cven wamovediT. me xumrobiT Tomas "boss" veZaxi xolme da axla vuTxari, axali tituli unda moganiWo da dReidan "maestroTi" unda mogmarTo-meTqi. mere iraklim moigona axali muqaris Semcveli winadadeba "kedelze talaxs migasxmevineb" da amaze kinaRam movkvdi

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18/12/2014 xuTSabaTi diliT Cveulebisamebr avdeqi, TerTmeti sruldeboda. am dros saxlSi biZaCemma dareka da bicolaCems uTxra, rom biZamisi, romelic avadmyofobda, gardaicvala. vicnobdi im adamians da guli damwyvita amis gagebam. universitetSi rom mivedi, leqciebi da erTi seminari damTavrebuli iyo. daveswari darCenil or seminars, Semdeg ki wavedi studentTa

daxmarebis centrSi, raTa gamego, damifinansebdnen Tu ara kvlav am semestris gadasaxads kargi akademiuri moswrebis gamo, magram xelmZRvaneli ar damxvda adgilas. miTxres, qobuleTSi atarebs treningebs da orSabaTs iqnebao. saxlSi wavedi da saRamos mecadineoba daviwye. rogorc yovelTvis, Cemi biZaSvilebi saRamoobiT sanam biZaCemi mova, moaswreben xolme ramdenimejer Cxubs. ra Tqma unda, kompiuterisa da internetis gamo. gansakuTrebiT giorgi aris mijaWvuli kompiurters. rogorc yovelTvis, axlac gvian davweqi.

19/12/2014 paraskevi aT saaTze gaviRviZe. am dros Tomam damireka da mkiTxa, Tu SemeZlo cota adre misvla skolaSi da klasis momzadeba seminarisTvis. me davTanxmdi. skolaSi Tormetis naxevarze mivedi da direqtori vnaxe. klasi movamzadeT. skamebisa da merxebis ganlageba SevcvaleT da kari, romelsac erTi mxare aWedili hqonda da ris gamoc Tomas Semosvla aq ver moxerxdeboda, gavaReT. direqtorma miTxra, rom meaTe klasis garda mecxresac Zalian unda seminarze daswreba da Tu SeiZlebao. me, ra Tqma unda, davTanxmdi. 12 saaTisTvis Tomac movida da moitana kiTxvarebi, romlesac vavsebinebT bavSvebs dawyebamde da dasrulebisas, raTa gavigoT, Tu ra ician da Semdeg ra gaiges. amJamad es yovelive Cveni resursebiT, moxaliseobrivad keTdeba da amitom, ise xSirad da masStaburad veRar vatarebT seminarebs, rogorc adre, Tumca, amaze gaCerebas ar vapirebT - 2015 wlidan vgegmavT proeqtebis daweras. Cveni moxaliseebi universitetidan igvianebdnen da maT gareSe daviwyeT. Tumca, maleve SemogvierTdnen. vesaubreT mraval sakiTxze, razec zemoT ukve visaubre, aseve stereotipebsa da ganaTlebis sferoSi gasatarebel RonisZiebebze. vaCveneT warmatebuli SSm pirTa Sesaxeb

moqalaqis dRiurebi | ramin maWaraSvili

siciliT.Semdeg seriozulad daviwyeT ganxilva da SevTanxmiT, rom saTanado ganaTlebis xarisxis problema xelovnebis sferoSic aSkaraa. mokled, am xumroba-xumrobiT gavacileT Toma da Cvenc, rogorc yovelTvis, fexiT wavediT saxlebisaken. iraklis ar uyvars transportiT mgzavroba da mec ase mirCevnia, ufro meti dro grCeba sasaubrod. irakli filosofias gadioda damatebiT sagnad, menejmentis fakultetze rom swavlobda da me metsaxelad filosofoss veZaxi. radgan filosofiis Sesavali mec gavlili maqvs, enas advilad vpoulobT. miTumetes, rom mec Zalian mainteresebs filosofia. daviwyeT msjeloba konformizmze da imaze, Tu ratom iRebs sazogadoebis nawili ukritikod yvelafers. man Tqva, rom ver itans, roca xalxi yalbad iRebs ovaciiT imas, rac ar varga. es ki imitom xdeba, rom ase isinic komfortulad grZnoben Tavs am sazogadoebaSi, radgan analogiurad sxvebisganac imaves iReben da arian ase Sexmatkbilebulio. mec daveTanxme da davZine, rom amiT Zalian cud samsaxurs uweven erTmaneTsmeTqi. saxlSi rom mivedi, ra Tqma unda, rogorc qarTul, tradiciul ojaxs Sehferis, biZaCemTan stumrebi iyvnen barbarobas aRniSnavdnen. daaxloebiT 8 saaTi iyo da qeifi aTamde gagrZelda. me ar damilevia, radgan samecadino mqonda, Tanac, alkoholi arc miyvars. Semdeg vimecadine da pirvel saaTze davweqi.

moqalaqis dRiurebi | ramin maWaraSvili

24 | CIVICUS#2

kadrebi, ganvumarteT terminebi da sxva. studentebma TavianTi proeqtisTvis Caweres komentari ramdenime moswavlesTan da SevavsebineT kixvarebic. bolos Cveni sakontaqto informaciac davutoveT. seminars eswrebodnen direqtoric da mandaturebic. isinic aqtiurad monawileobdnen ganxilvaSi. maT ufro ainteresebdaT sakiTxebi inkluziur ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebiT da Ciodnen, rom treningebi am kuTxiT ar aris sakmarisad xarisxiani. skolidan wamovediT samis naxevarze da amjerad studentebs davavaleT moeZebnaT skola, sadac surdaT seminaris Catareba da orSabaTs Cven wavyvebodiT dasaxmareblad. albaT, rogorc dRes orSabaTsac momiwevs universitetis gacdena. studentebs davemSvidobeT da wavediT axali etlebis maRaziis Sesamowmeblad. gzaSi gadasasvlelebze wvalebis Semdeg erT maRaziasTan SevCerdiT, raTa nabeRlavi meyida TomasTvis. gamyidvelma Toma rom dainaxa, ufasod matanda, magram me ar davanebe. man miTxra, rom ubralod adamianobis gamoCena undoda. Cven aseTi midgomebis winaaRmdegi varT, radgan ar gvsurs SSm pirebi mxolod qvelmoqmedebis obieqtebad ganixilebodnen sazogadoebis mxridan. es Sexedulebebi gamjdaria sazogadoebaSi da swored amas vebrZviT. "jobia mogvceT xelSi ankesi, vidre Tundac ramdenime Tevzi" - Cven am moTxovnas vuyenebT saxelmwifosa da sazogadoebas, radgan Tu Cven xelSi gveqneba ankesi, Cven TviTonve SevZlebT sakuTari Tavis Senaxvas da aRaravis "SevawuxebT". ankesSi ki vgulisxmoT adaptirebul garemos, xelmisawvdom ganaTlebasa da Sesabamis dasaqmebas. Tu kerZo seqtors marTla daxmareba surs, ubralod SeuZliaT, Tundac TavianT maRaziebsa Tu kafeebs farTo karebi gaukeTon, raTa etliT mosargeblem Sesla SeZlos. maRaziaSi misvlisas gairkva, rom etlebi xarisxiT didad ar gansxvavdeboda adrindelisagan. iq gviTxres, germanulia da TurqeTSi

iwyobao, saministroSi ki Tqves italiuriao. mokled, didi gaugebrobaa. mgoni, evropuli saerTod araa da ubralod Turqulia. Semdeg wamovediT da gzaSi baTumis axalgazrduli centris bavSvebi vnaxeT, romelTac adamianis uflebebis dacvis kvireulis farglebSi konferencia hqondaT demokratiuli CarTulobis centrSi. Cvenc iq wavediT. minda aRvniSno, rom marTlac saintereso iyo maT mier momzadebuli Temebi eTnikur da seqsualur umciresobebze, SSm pirebze, bavSvTa uflebebze. Cven Cveni azri davafiqsireT, patara Secdomebzec mivuTiTeT da warmatebebi vusurveT. es bavSvebi Cveni organizaciis mier dagegmil aqtivobebSi xSirad monawileoben da gvexmarebian. iqidan wamosvlis Semdeg me da Toma vsaubrobdiT imaze, Tu ra uazrodaa gakeTebuli avtobusis gaCerebebi. Cveni xangrZlivi "Cxubis" Semdeg daiwyes adaptirebuli gaCerebebis gakeTeba, magram isev arasrulyofilad. Tan ori gaCerebidan, romlebic pirispir dganan, erT-erTi adaptirebulia etliT mosargebleebisTvis, meore ki - ara (da maSin, roca orive erTdroulad aris gakeTebuli). ki magram, SSm pirebi marto erTi mimarTulebiT moZraoben? gaCerebaze rom mivediT, tradiciulad manqanebiT iyo savse da piradad me momixda erT-erTi mZRolisTvis miTiTeba, rom gaeyvana manqana, radgan avtobuss SeuSlida xels da Cemi megobaric ver avidoda normalurad. Toma rom wavida saxlSi, mec wamovedi. saxlSi movedi da televizors Cavujeqi, sainformacios vuyurebdi da Tan vvaxSmobdi. Semdeg raRac films vuyure cota xniT da davweqi. xval gvianobamde viZineb radgan universitetSi ar mivdivar.

20/12/2014

SabaTi dRes Tormetis naxevarze avdeqi. datvirTuli samuSo dReebis Semdeg erTaderTi dRea SabaTi, roca dasvenebis Sansi meZleva. avdeqi,

movwesrigdi da daxloebiT pirvelze daviwye ukve dawerili dRiuris wakiTxva da gasworeba. aseve, im monakveTebis Sevseba, sadac ubralod moniSvnebi mqonda gakeTebuli da Casaweri iyo. dRes mindoda eras moedanze saqvelmoqmedo aqciaSi CavrTuliyavi, magram ver movaxerxe. dRes saocarad Tbili, saseirno amindi iyo, magram gareT ar gavsulvar. albaT, xval waval ziarebaze taZarSi da Semdeg saqvelmoqmedo aqciaze saxelad "xeli xels", romelsac Cemi megobari awyobs. axla ukve cxris naxevaria. televizors vuyurebdi daaxloebiT sami saaTi da saintereso araferi Semxvedria. serialebiTaa gatenili satelevizio eTeri. es yovelive Zalian maRizianebs, radgan normaluri, xarisxiani kino rTulad mosaZebnia eTerSi. es yovelive sazogadoebis gemovnebasa da Sexedulebebzec gavlenas axdens. gadavwyvite, internetSi sainformacio saitebiT mesargebla da ukve ramdenime saaTia vecnobi siaxleebs.

21/12/2014 kvira daaxloebiT pirvelis naxevarze megobarma, nino CxaiZem damireka, Cemi organizaciis erT-erTma TanadamfuZnebelma, romelic TbilisSi iyo wasuli da guSin dabrunebula. miTxra, rom organizaciis fotoaparati, romelic me mqonda, eras moedanze mimetana aqcia "xeli xels" aqtivobebis gadasaRebad. me vuTxari, rom isedac mivdiodi iq da problema ar iyo. saswrafod movemzade. gadavarCie Cemi tansacmeli, bicolaCemma anukis da gios, aseve Tavisi da biZaCemis tansacmeli gadaarCia da didi savse parki waviRe. rom mivedi, aqcia ukve erTi saaTis dawyebuli iyo da sakmaod bevri fuTa SeegrovebinaT. iq iyo Cemi mravali nacnob-megobari da miuxedavad imisa, rom Zalian cioda 3 saaTamde davrCi. vsaubrobdiT, vxumrobdiT da Tan Semowirul nivTebs, wignebs, tansacmels,

fexsacmels vawyobdiT. xalxs ki sakmaod bevri ram mohqonda. zogi beneficiarTa saxelebs gvawerinebda, visac daxmareba sWirdeboda, raTa maTTanac migvetana. aseve iyo Semowirulobis yuTi. Semdeg erTma Cemma nacnobma Tqva, rom axali weli isedac ar uyvarda, magram am naZvis xis Semxedvare saerTod aRarafris survili aRar hqonda. naZvis xes gavxede, romelic 20 metrSi iyo Cvengan da davinaxe, rom naxevari xasxasa mwvane iyo, naxevari ki gaxunebuli mwvane. marTlac sasacilod gamoiyureboda. Semdeg me da Cemma erTma megobarma, romelic CemTan erTad eswreboda saaxalwlo RonisZiebaTa ganxilva-damtkicebis process baTumis sakrebuloSi, gavixseneT ufro satirali, vidre sasacilo faqti: rodesac hkiTxes meriis warmomadgenels, ratom iyo dagegmili cota RonisZiebebi saaxalwlod, miT umetess, 1-2 ianvars ufro cota, vidre 30-31 dekemberso, pasuxi iyo aseTi: 1-2 ianvars xalxi nabaxusevia da gareT vin gamovao. dRes vamTavreb erTkviriani dRiuris weras da ar vici, ramdenad saintereso iqneba igi sxvebisTvis. rac aris, es aris. vecade, obieqturad amesaxa yvelaferi. esaa, rac am erT kviraSi moxda Cems cxovrebaSi da Tuki es naweri vinmes, erT adamians mainc, rame sasargeblos miscems, Cemi mizanic miRweuli iqneba. mizani ki is iyo, rom SSm pirTa Sesaxeb arsebuli araswori midgomebi warmomeCina da meCvenebina garkveulwilad is gzebi, raSic me da Cven, SSm pirebi vxedavT gamosavals.

moqalaqis dRiurebi | ramin maWaraSvili

25 | CIVICUS#2

3 dekembers rusTavelis metros mimdebare teritoriaze gaimarTa aqcia-performansi "adgili dakavebulia". aqciis organizatorebma, fond "sicocxlis xis" wevrebma, parkirebis adgilebze etlebis dayenebiT sxvebs aCvenes, Tu rogoria, rodesac gulgrili da uyuradRebo moqalaqeebi SSm pirebs TavianT sivrces uzRudaven.

foto | wyaro: ÂŠ liberali

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ruben galiego TeTriT Savze

"TeTriT Savze" aris 2002 wels gamoqveynebuli avtobiografiuli romani. misi avtori, ruben galiego cerebraluri damblaTi daibada da bavSvobisa da axalgazrdobis gatareba sabWoTa da Semdeg post-sabWoTa ruseTSi mouwia. wigni qarTulad naTargmnia nino beqiSvilis mier. wigni 2004 wels "diogenem" gamosca. gTavazobT amonarids wignidan:

me invalidi var. invalidi, xeibari, maxinji, glaxaki - Cems dasaxasiaTeblad yvela es sityva gamodgeba. arcerTi ar aris sxvaze ukeTesi an uaresi. invalidi kargi sityvaa, igi leqsikonSi yvela xeibris, umweos, usmenosa da usinaTlos, ufexosa da uxelos, paralizebulis aRsaniSnadaa Sesuli. kargi sityvaa, me momwons. yovelTvis maxsovda, rom invalidi var, sxvebisgan gansxvavebuli, rodesac aSkara damcirebasa da dacinvas sakuTar tyavze vgrZnobdi. yovel wuTas maxsenebdnen da axlac maxseneben, rom Cveni patara, mwvane planeta CemnairebisaTvis ar aris Seqmnili, me zedmeti var, ucxo. vicodi, rom namdvili ubeduri da uiRblo var da mTeli ZaliT vcdilobdi gavmxdariyavi iseTi, rogoric yvelaa, SeverTebodi janmrTelTa da bednierTa megobrul ojaxs. erT mSvenier dRes mivxvdi, rom es yovelive sisulelea. mTeli Cemi arsebiT SevigrZeni, rom Cemi invalidoba arc iseTi didi problemaa. adrec vxvdebodi, rom janmrTelTa da bednierTa modgma iseTive utopiaa, rogorc ubedurTa da invalidTa. vicodi, rom Cemi mezobeli, deida maSa Cemze ukeTesad an uaresad ar cxovrobda. vicodi, rom tkivils sakuTar Tavs Cvenve vayenebT, rom cxovreba TavisTavad mSvenieria. arseboben suleli da Wkviani adamianebi, arseboben bednierebi da arcTu Zalian bednierebi. adamianebi gansxvavebulni arian. zogierT maTgans xel-fexi ara aqvs, zogi ver xedavs, an ar esmis, zogs invalidis etli sWirdeba, zogs ki sanitrebi arjuleben xolme fsiqiatriul dawesebulebebSi. arseboben janmrTeli invalidebic, magram zRvari am adamianebs Soris Zalian Zneli dasanaxia. Cven yvelani adamianebi varT. Zalian vgavarT erTmaneTs. Cveni ocnebebi, miswrafebebi, survilebi erTmaneTis msgavsia, da rTulia Cveni mkacrad dayofa-danawileba saxeobebad

da qvesaxeobebad. me invalidi var. magram danarCeni adamianebisagan yvelaze metad invalidoba ar ganmasxvavebs. me invalidi var. invalidoba Cemi nawilia. Cemi gansxvavebulobis uaryofa sisulelea. kidev ufro didi sisulelea uaryo sityvebi. sityvebi ibadebian da ixocebian, iseve rogorc adamianebi. sityvebi icvlian mniSvnelobas, berdebian, xundebian. sityvebis uaryofa sisulelea, iseve rogorc adamianebis uaryofaa sisulele. adamianebi arseboben da morCa. es mocemulobaa, cxovrebis realobaa. sityva "invalidi" arafriT ar aris sxva aRmniSvnelze ukeTesi an uaresi. SesaZlebelia ieSmako, qveSidan gamoZvre, sagnebs sxva saxelebi dauZaxo, magram es arafers Svelis. sxvagvarad ar gamodis, an uaresi gamodis - "SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone piri". SevecadoT movZebnoT antonimi. skolaSi gvaswavlidnen sapirispiro mniSvnelobis sityvebis moZiebas. Tu stiv uanderi brmaa, me vxedav. Tu stiv hokingi genialuri fizikosia, me saSualo monacemebis mqone fizikosi var. ufro patiosnad rom vTqva, saerTodac aranairi fizikosi ar var, da arc musikosi. yvelaferi martivia, cxadi da gasagebi. yru beTxovenma dawera musika, romlis msgavssac veravin verasdros ver dawers. beTxovenis SesaZleblobebi usazRvro iyo. beTxovenis musikis SemosazRvra sikvdilmac ki ver SeZlo. prezidenti ruzvelti invalidi iyo. es faqtia. magram vin dadgeba mis sapirwoned istoriis sasworze? aba scade, Tanamedrove prezidentTagan mas badali mouZebne! stiv hokingi invalidi iyo. es faqtia. magram vin gaejibreba mas? mxolod niutoni. niutoni ar iyo invalidi. hokingi invalidia. mere ra? vin uwodebs hokings adamins "SezRuduli SesaZlebobebiT". mainteresebs, Tu hokingis da niutonis SesaZleblobebi SezRudulia, viRasia usazRvro?

iyo Tu ara homerosi invalidi? ar vici. aravin ar icis. filologebi Tavs iklaven amis gamosacnobad. piradad CemTvis ar aris saintereso, xedavda Tu ara homerosi. saukuneebisa da ZvelberZnuli enis gavliT Cemamde misma poemebma moaRwia. saukuneebisa da Zveli berZnuli enis Semdeg, iseTi wvrilmani, rogorc mxedvelobaa, azrs kargavs. iyo homerosis SesaZleblobebi SezRuduli? ra Tqma unda, iyo. magram arc metad da arc naklebad, vidre misi sxva Tanamedroveebisa. me invalidi var. ar SemiZlia da verc verasodes SevZleb damoukideblad davlio Wiqa wyali. da am wvrilmanis gamo vinmes uflebas mivcem SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis piri miwodos? arasdros. me invalidi var. Cemi SesaZleblobebi, ra Tqma unda, SezRudulia. am qveyanad yvela arsebis SesaZleblobebi SezRudulia. es, ra Tqma unda, samwuxaroa. magram arazusti formulirebis gamo, danarCeni samyarosgan gamoyofas ar vapireb. ar msurs raime sxva, ukeTes saxels marqmevdnen. minda miRebdnen, ar uarmyofdnen swored rogorc invalids. minda viyo is, vinc var da miwodebdnen imas, rac var. me invalidi var, samwuxarod. ra Tqma unda, mirCevnia ar viyo invalidi, Sevicvalo, gavxde iseTi, rogoric sxvebi arian, magram es SeuZlebelia. iseTi var, rogoric var. sityva "invalidi" normaluri sityvaa. arafris Secvla ar aris saWiro. modi, sityvas nu SevcvliT. me Zalian minda, rom sityva "invalidi" ar aSinebdes da afrTxobdes adamianebs. mjera, es SesaZlebelia. Znelia, magram sruliad SesaZlebeli adamianTa sazogadoebisaTvis. garda amisa, minda, rom sityva "invalids" sul ufro xSirad da xSirad amatebdnen iseTi sityvebs, rogoricaa: "pandusi", "lifti", "trotuari", "avtobusi", "taqsi", "metro", "Teatri" - martiv da gasageb sityvebs.

TeTriT Savze | ruben galiego

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30 | CIVICUS#2

biblioTeka usinaTloTaTvis

biblioTeka usinaTloTaTvis | yaraman-giorgi beriZe

yaraman-giorgi beriZe

sakmarisia, Tvali gadavavloT garemos, romelSic vcxovrobT da uamrav problemas davinaxavT: siRaribe, gulgriloba, Seusrulebeli survilebi, ganuxorcielebeli gegmebi. paralelurad, uamravi SesaZlebloba da resursia imisTvis, rom sxvisi cxovreba gaaumjobeso, Tumca yvelas mxolod Tavisi cxovreba ainteresebs. Cven garSemo bevr adamians SeuZlia, sakuTari resursebis Zalian mcire nawiliT im adamianebis cxovreba gaaumjobesos, visac arc resursi aqvs da arc SesaZlebloba. ar aris saWiro Secodeba, zogadad, ar miyvars aseTi midgoma. yvela adamiani individia, Taviseburi movlinebiT da Taviseburi cxovrebiT, amitomac, ar aris saWiro sibraluliT mivudgeT da sxvasac sakuTari Tavi damcirebulad vagrZnobinoT. vin aris sacodavi da vin ara, vin visze metia da vin â&#x20AC;&#x201C; naklebi, veravin gansjis. aqtualuri problema uamravia da yvelafris gansaxilvelad dro aravis eyofa. me ubralod im sakiTxs Sevexebi, romelic moqalaqeobrivi da zneobrivi gaazrebiT, sruliad Tanaswori bunebiT da megobruli siyvaruliT, CvenTvis sayuradRebod iqca. eseni Cveni usinaTlo Tanamoqalaqeebi arian, adamianebi usazRvro niWierebiT, saRi azrovnebiTa da albaT, im sxvaobiT, rom isini ufro mZafrad SeigrZnoben samyaros, vidre danarCeni yvela. ar gegonoT, vaWarbebde, gaicaniT romelime maTgani da megobrobasac, siTbosac, erTgulebasac da TanagrZnobasac ufro mets miiRebT.

isini im gamorCeul nawils qmnian, romlebic Sinagan samyarosa da namdvil adamianur grZnobebs ufro met pativs scemen, vidre sxvebi. samwuxarod, ganviTarebadi saxelmwifos fonze, dRes sazogadoebis yvela nawili raRac sirTulis winaSea. yvela problema Taviseburia, Tumca yvelaferi, rac ganaTlebas ukavSirdeba, bevrad ufro mniSvnelovania. roca gsurs iswavlo, sxvebs ar CamorCe, Senc gqondes sakuTari profesia da Seni roliT Seni adgili daikavo sazogadoebaSi, am dros ki SuSis kedels ejaxebi â&#x20AC;&#x201C; saSinelebaa. warmoidgineT adamianebi, romelTa irgvlivac cxovreba midis, isini ki erT adgilze dganan - maT ganZrevas azri ar aqvs, radgan maTze aravis ufiqria. Cven studentebi varT, cxovrebis dinebaSi yvelaze aqtiurad CarTuli nawili. kurselebTan erTad derefnebs mivuyvebiT da leqciebidan gamosulebi, universitetis ezoSi erTmaneTs vexumrebiT da raze aRar vsaubrobT. rogorc Cans, saxelmwifos Cvenze gauvrcelebia didi sikeTe ganaTlebis SesaZlebloba. magram ramdenad mieca yvelas saSualeba da xom ar natrobs vinme sasurvel universitetSi sasurvel "Jriamuls". albaT, aqamdec unda gvefiqra. axla giambobT ra SevZeliT Cven, ara imisaTvis rom Tavi gamoviCinoT, aramed imisaTvis, rom sxvebma gaigon, rom Tu geqneba Zlieri survili da mizani - aucileblad gamogiva is, rac gsurs. samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kursze varT, sadac yovelTvis uamrav

problemas ganvixilavT. vakeTebT proeqtebs, veZebT grantebs da gzebs, rom Tanamoqalaqeebs cxovreba SevumsubuqoT, gverdSi davudgeT, an ubralod gaviziaroT is, rac maT awuxebT. albaT dameTanxmebiT, didi saqmea, Tuki adamiani SeZlebs sxvas TanaugrZnos da misi mdgomareoba gaiziaros. zogjer amaze metsac aravin ar gvTxovs. erTi mosmena da erTi Sexedvac sakmarisia, rom erTma meores tvirTi moxsnas da emociebsa, Tu dardSi Seexidos. am Temaze saubrisas studentebs erTi idea dagvebada: oTxma adamianma gadavdeT gverdze Cveni saqmeebi da Cveni drois nawili sxvaze fiqrs davuTmeT - ra gagvekeTebina imisaTvis, rom mxedveloba daqveiTebul studentebs skolis damTavrebis Semdeg universitetSi swavla iseTive SesaZleblobebiT gaegrZelebinaT, rogorc danarCen yvelas. moviZieT ganviTarebuli qveynebis magaliTebi, Tu ra saxis adaptirebuli garemo iyo saWiro, daviwyeT mcodne xalxTan mimowera, SeviswavleT mxedveloba daqveiTebulebTan dakavSirebuli problemebi da movismineT maTi survilebi, gavakeTeT analizi, gegma, aseve teqnikisa da damxmare xelsawyoebis CamonaTvali, davwereT proeqti da fond "Ria sazogadoebis" sagranto konkursSi miviReT monawileoba. amasobaSi, ramdenime Tve gavida. Cven kargi saqmis warmatebuli ganxorcielebis imedi gvqonda. iyo zogjer pesimisturi TvaliT Semoxedva da skeptikuri sityvebi - "dRes vin ras gaakeTebs", Tumca maT sWarbobda didi molodini da dadebiTi energia usinaTloebis mxridan, romelTac gaiziares Cveni mondomeba. sabolood, granti movipoveT da proeqti ori weli gagrZelda. dRes SegviZlia davinaxoT saqme, dawyebuli studentebis carieli xelebiT, moxaliseobrivad da anazRaurebis gareSe, Tumca Zlieri

ideiT da SegviZlia davinaxoT mxedveloba daqveiTebuli, romelsac SeuZlia Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis biblioTekaSi isargeblos im saSualebebiT, romlebic yvela sxva danarCens aqvs. ver daviviwyebT biblioTekis xelmZRvanelis, zurab gaiparaSvilis daxmarebas - man adaptirebuli garemos mowyobisTvis, dafiqrebis gareSe gamohyo biblioTekis sivrce, romelic aRiWurva kompiuterebiT. Cven SeviZineT brailis printeri, wignebis wamkiTxveli skaneri, adaptirebuli programebi da klaviaturebi, CavwereT saxelmZRvaneloebis audioversiebi da movawyveT brailis wignebis kuTxe, gavakeTeT vebgverdi, sadac itvirTeba eleqtronuli masalebi da sadac aris forumi. am yvelafris ganxorcieleba ar iyo martivi, Cndeboda uamravi Tavsatexi, Seferxeba, gamouvali situacia, roca teqnikis Semotana ver xerxdeboda da a.S. roca SeiZleboda yvelafrisTvis Tavis danebeba da xelis Caqneva, Tumca ver daviviwyebT im adamianebis gverdSi dgomas, romlebic namdvilad grZnoben moqalaqeobriv pasuxismgeblobas, da proeqtis monawileebs, romlebic gundurad da TavdadebiT cdilobdnen saqmis bolomde miyvanas. me ver vityvi, rom Cven bevri ram gavakeTeT, radgan es zRvaSi wveTia im saWireobebTan SedarebiT, rac cxovrebis ganviTarebasTan erTad izrdeba da zRvaSi wveTia im realur survilebTan, rac usinaTloebs surT, magram es iyo is minimumi rac grantis farglebSi mogvarda. me ki am yvelafriT imis Tqma minda, rom zogjer patara mcdelobac sakmarisia, rom adamianma Tavisi mcire SesaZleblobiT, magram Zlieri surviliT raRac Secvalos, viRacas daexmaros da amiT sakuTari moqalaqeobrivi vali moixados.

biblioTeka usinaTloTaTvis | yaraman-giorgi beriZe

31 | CIVICUS#2

32 | CIVICUS#2

Tanamedrove amerikis etlSi mjdari Semoqmedi eka darbaiZe ingliselma politologebma da eqspertebma, Catarebuli gamokiTxvis Sedegad, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis yvela drois saukeTeso prezidentad franklin delano ruzvelti daasaxeles. gamokiTxva 4 ZiriTad kriteriums moicavda: es iyo qveynis marTva, sagareo politika, avtoriteti da maTi politikuri memkvidreobis istoriuli mniSvneloba. maT saukeTesod daasaxeles ruzveltis politikuri xedva, qveynis marTvis alRo da sagareo politikis marTva. albaT bevrma adamianma dRemde ar icis, rom aSS-s yvelaze warmatebul prezidents qvedakidurebis damblas gamo damoukideblad ar SeeZlo gadaadgileba, magram sakuTari niWis, sulieri simtkicisa da samSoblosadmi uangaro siyvarulisaTvis amerikelma xalxma mas zedized oTxjer gamoucxada ndoba da ando sakuTari qveynis momavali. franklin delano ruzvelti 1882 wlis 30 ianvars msxvili mrewvelisa da miwaTmflobelis - jeims ruzveltis ojaxSi daibada. man dawyebiTi ganaTleba ojaxSi, aRmzrdelebisa da repetitorebis garemocvaSi miiRo, xolo mogvianebiT swavla masaCusetSi, prestiJul grotonis vaJTa skolaSi ganagrZo. 1903 wels ruzveltma harvardis universitetSi Caabara. 1905 wels, universitetSi swavlis bolo kursze franklin delano ruzvetlma Teodor ruzveltis umcrosi Zmis qaliSvilze, anna eleonora ruzveltze iqorwina, romelTanac mas eqvsi Svili SeeZina. eleonora mTeli cxovreba qmris saukeTeso megobari da misi mxurvale gulSematkivari iyo, romelic did daxmarebas uwevda da mxarSi edga sakuTar meuRles. harvardis universitetis warmatebiT dasrulebis Semdeg, ruzveltma swavla kolumbiis

universitetis samarTlis skolaSi ganagrZo. 1910 wels, 28 wlis asakSi ruzveltma senatis arCevnebSi miiRo monawileoba. saarCevno kampania sakmaod rTuli aRmoCnda, man daarRvia ojaxuri tradicia da rogorc demokratiuli partiis kandidatma kenWi iyara raionSi, sadac 32 wlis ganmavlobaSi respublikelebi imarjvebdnen. amis miuxedavad, arCevnebSi ruzveltma brwyinvale gamarjvebas miaRwia. 1912 wels franklin delano ruzvelti niu iorkis gubernatori gaxda. ruzvelts, rogorc niu iorkis senators, uTanxmoeba mouvida partiis liderebTan, meamboxe demokratebisaTvis mxadaWeris gamocxadebis gamo. frensis perkinsi gaxldaT swored maTgan erT-erTi, vinc im periodSi ar iyo ruzveltis personiT moxibluli: "maRali, susti, Zalian aqtiuri da cocxali, moZravi mTels sarTulze, kibis safexurebze amavali da Camavali, erTi sakomiteto oTaxidan meoreSi Semavali, iSviaTad mosaubre komitetis wevrebTan da arcTu gansakuTrebulad momxibvleli, iSviaTad momRimari, uCveulo wesiT: Tavis maRla aqneviT, imgvarad bunebrivad gamosdioda, rom Tavadac ki ver acnobierebda. amas damatebuli misi saTvale da simaRle, rac mas adamianebze qedmaRlurad yurebis garegnul iers sZenda" â&#x20AC;&#x201C; swored ase aRwerda igi franklin delano ruzvelts. ruzveltis gansxvavebuli xedvis mqone gundma meti popularoba moipova da Zalian male igi sakmaod cnobili figura gaxada niu iorkis politikaSi. ruzveltis SesaZleblobebi SeumCneveli ar darCenila prezident vudro vilsonisaTvis da 1913 wels igi sazRvao ministris TanaSemwis postze dainiSna, romelsac 6 wlis ganmavlobaSi ikavebda. 1921 wels ruzvelts moulodnelad didi ubedureba daatyda Tavs: is Svebulebas

kanadaSi atarebda, rodesac varjiSis Semdeg ciebam Seawuxa. ori kviris Semdeg mas virusuli daavadeba poliomeliti daudginda, ris gamoc wels qvemoT paralizebuli gaxda. Tumca igi ar Sehguebia sakuTar mdgomareobas, romelmac

Tanamedrove amerikis etlSi mjdari Semoqmedi | eka darbaiZe

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Tanamedrove amerikis etlSi mjdari Semoqmedi | eka darbaiZe

34 | CIVICUS#2

veraferi avno mis sulier simtkicesa da gambedaobas da miiRo gadawyvetileba, rom did politikaSi wasuliyo. XX saukunis 30-iani wlebis "didi depresiis" periodSi, ruzveltma daiwyo brZola amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis prezidentobisaTvis. 1932 wels ruzveltma arCevnebSi daamarcxa politikuri metoqe erbert huveri da igi aSS-is rigiT 32-e prezidenti gaxda. ruzvelti saocari energiiT Seudga qveynis marTvas da ekonomikuri krizisidan gamosayvanad, jer kidev prezidentobis 100 dRis ganmavlobaSi SeZlo ganexorcielebina umniSvnelovanesi ekonomikuri reformebis kompleqsi, romelsac "axali kursi" uwoda. man ganacxada: "mimaCnia, rom am momentSi Cvenma sazogadoebam unda daavalos qveynis mTavrobas, rom gadaarCinos SimSilsa da siRaribes Cveni moqalaqeni, romelTac dRes saSualeba ara aqvT Tavi gaitanon". e. w "vegneris kanoniT" ruzveltma qveyanaSi umuSevroba daamarcxa da aTiaTasobiT amerikeli daasaqma. aRsaniSnavia, rom ruzvelts yovelTvis hqonda gamojanmrTelebis imedi da mudmivad cdilobda sxvadasxva gziT kidurebis funqcionirebis aRdgenas. politikuri moRvaweobis paralelurad, is did dros uTmobda Terapiebs. swored am mizniT, man jorjiis StatSi, qalaq vorm springsSi agaraki SeiZina, sadac is isvenebda da hidroTerapiis kursebs gadioda. ruzvelti amerikelebis da zogadad, msoflios mSvidobian arsebobaze aqtiurad zrunavda. swored misi iniciativiTa da ZalisxmeviT, 1942 wels safuZveli Caeyara axali organizaciis Camoyalibebas, romelsac "gaerTianebuli erebis organizacia" ewoda. ruzvelti did imedebs amyarebda da fiqrobda, rom momavalSi swored es organizacia iqneboda msoflioSi usafrTxoebisa da saxelmwifoebs Soris TanamSromlobis umniSvnelovanesi garanti. 1944 wlidan amerikis prezidentis janmrTelobam gauareseba daiwyo. omiT gamowveul stress da mis daavadebas emateboda isic, rom ruzvelti didi

raodenobiT sigarets eweoda. 1944 wlis martSi mas gulis iSemiuri insulti daudginda. janmrTelobis mwvave problemebis miuxedavad, dasustebulma ruzveltma imave wlis saprezidento arCevnebSi monawileoba miiRo da xmebis 53%-iT amerikelebma is meoTxe vadiT airCies. ruzvelti 1945 wlis TebervalSi omis Semdgomi reorganizaciis sakiTxebis gansaxilvelad monawileobas iRebda ialtis cnobil konferenciaSi, britaneTis premier-ministr CerCilsa da sabWoTa kavSiris generalur mdivan ioseb stalinTan erTad. Tumca, rodesac is samSobloSi dabrunda da kongresis winaSe sityviT warsdga, yvelani Sokirebulebi iyvnen imiT, Tu rogori dasustebuli saxe hqonda prezidents. erTi Tvis Semdeg, 29 marts, ruzvelti vorm springsSi, Tavis agarakze gardaicvala. franklin delano ruzvelti SeerTebul Statebs msoflio uaxlesi istoriis erT-erT yvelaze rTul periodSi, meore msoflio omis dasrulebamde xelmZRvanelobda. imaSi, rom aSS "didi depresiidan" gamovida, xolo meore msoflio omis Semdeg is zesaxelmwifod miiCneoda, didi wvlili swored ruzvelts miuZRvis. samwuxarod man ver SeZlo ezeima meore msoflio omSi mopovebuli gamarjveba. ruzvelti Tavisi janmrTelobis Sesaxeb informaciis gavrcelebas politikuri interesebidan gamomdinare, xSirad Tavs aridebda, magram misi gardacvalebis Semdeg amerikelebis mexsierebaSi SemorCa saxe etlSi mjdari erT-erTi yvelaze Zlevamosili prezidentisa. fizikur sisustes misTvis xeli ar SeuSlia, amerikeli xalxisTvis erT-erTi yvelaze misabaZi adamiani gamxdariyo. "niu iork taimsi" prezidentis gardacvalebas Semdegi sityvebiT gamoexmaura: "asi wlis Semdegac adamianebi muxlebze daCoqilebi mouxdian RmerTs madlobas imisTvis, rom TeTr saxlSi ruzvelti iyo".

Tanamedrove amerikis etlSi mjdari Semoqmedi | eka darbaiZe

35 |CIVICUS#2

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociacia www.cela.ge

am eleqtronuli Jurnalis gamocema SesaZlebeli gaxda amerikeli xalxis mxardaWeriT amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID-is) meSveobiT proeqtis saarCevno procesebis gaZliereba (SEP) saqarTveloSi farglebSi, romelic xorcieldeba saarCevno sistemaTa saerTaSoriso fondis (IFES) mier. masalis Sinaarsi, SesaZloa, ar gamoxatavdes samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqtorTa asociaciis (CELA), IFES-is, USAID-is an amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis mTavrobis Sexedulebebs.

civicus redaqtori: giorgi lolaSvili proeqtis xelmZRvaneli: Tamar qaraia teqnikuri redaqtori | dizaini: marex gorgilaZe stilist-koreqtori: fiqria fiCxaZe, giorgi lolaSvili Jurnalze muSaobdnen: qeTi murusiZe qeTi qurcikiZe qeTi mestviriSvili eka darbaiZe marex gorgilaZe ana gogolaZe mariam gorjolaZe ramin maWaraSvili yaraman-giorgi beriZe

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civicus #2

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