TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
TOD ANALYSIS HONG
KONG IFC & LOHAS
TOD in Hong Kong - The comparasion of two types of TOD models
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
early TODs
Transit Oriented Development
“
an unrealized utopian planned community intended to house three million inhabitants
“Transit Oriented Development refers to pedestrian-friendly land development activities that are built within easy walking distance of a major transit station. (Conroy & Scandola, 1999)” Transit-oriented development (TOD) is an initiative of the Government that has railway at its core. In accordance with this strategy, the framework for public transport in Hong Kong reflects the concept of “rail hubs” supported by secondary modes of roadbased transport. One key objective of TOD is to utilise Hong Kong’s limited land resources in a prudent way by promoting intensified development near railway stations. It also aims to facilitate efficient, mass transportation of Hong Kong’s population in an environmentally-friendly way and to make optimal use of restricted development opportunities in Hong Kong’s built-up areas wherever technically feasible.
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Ville-Contemporaine, Le-Corbusier (1922)
Major Transit Stops
”
• a group of sixty-story cruciform skyscrapers • housed both offices and the flats of the most wealthy inhabitants • set within large, rectangular park-like green spaces • the center of the planned city was a transportation hub which housed depots for buses and trains • decongestion of the centers of citie
“
“the result of accommodating a large number of people and people movers into a small footprint”
Easy Walking Distance
Mixed land-use
Telford Gardens, developed by MTRC (1980)
”
• 41 residential tower community with commercial, retail, institutional and recreational facilities • sits above Kowloon Bay depot, the largest rail car storage facility in the MTRC system • since Telford Garden, the city has added increasingly more sophisticated TODs
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
N IO
BOURHOOD IGH E N
ST
ST AT
TOD Diagram
RES MET 0 80
SIT
A typical TOD model in urban context.
N TRA
HUB ION T A tion Sta
SIT
N TRA
M E
TE
Key Aspects of TOD:
RS
TE M E
ARE A O F
MAJOR TRANSIT STOPS
RS
EASY WALKING DISTANCE UE INFL
NC
E
MIXED LAND-USE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Typical TOD models
New Town Model
Community Integration
Point Incubation
High Growth Hub
Connectivity
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
100% Car Use Flow of people spread out
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Rail (MTR) + Walk Concentrate flow of people High density development surrounding the station, wihtin walking distance.
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Olympic Station
Kowloon Station
LOHAS Station
Adjoining Model
Top Side Model
Depot Model
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD key factors •
• • • •
Maximize the benefit of development land-use and transit by integrated planning. Utilize Public Transport and add value to Urban Development and Effect of Interchange. Extend the value of transit coverage with and improved integrated planning and design. Not only consider land economic benefit, but also stress on integration of social facilities and services with TOD, lead to win-win. Meet market needs by adopting and effective development phasing and mixes to ensure long-term TOD benefit.
Source: Sam CHOW, ARUP Transportation Department Manager
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Government’s Transport and Planning Policies • Railway as the transport backbone. • High density development around stations. • Property development integrated with depot/station to support the railway. • Rail-based development to achieve sustainable living. Source: MTR Corporation
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
R P DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT 1. Rail-oriented community (Rail + Waling as a living style) 2. People-vehicle segregation (A safe and healthy living environment) 3. Station-Property Integration (A compact development with seamless connections) 4. Ample open space (A strategy to mitigate high density)
Source: MTR Corporation.
HKD BILLION
R + P MODEL
15 RAILWAY SUBSIDIARIES OUTSIDE HONG KONG PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT PROPERTY OWNERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT HONG KONG RAILWAY OPERATIONS
10
5
0 -2
Railway patronage alone is unable to generate sufficient commercial returns. MTR is able to capture value created from the railway to help bridge the funding gap of new railroad projects.
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Source: Pardon (2014). Principles and Practices of TOD .
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
100 90
500 450
HONGKONG TRAMWAYS
400
70
350
60
CMB/NWFB/CITY BUS
40 30 20
MTR
10
PERCENTAGE SPLIT
CMB/NWFB/CITY BUS
300 250 200 150 100 50
0
COMBINED
HONG KONG TRAMWAYS
MTR
0
50
Annual Passenger Journeys (Million)
80
PERCENTAGE
PUBLIC TRANSIT
On Hong Kong Island, the four major public transport organizations are the New World First Bus Services Ltd. (NWFB), the CityBus Ltd. (Citybus), the Hongkong Tramways Ltd. (Hongkong Tramways) and the MTR Corporation Ltd. (MTR).
PASSENGER JOURNEYS
Revealed from those graphs, it indicates a gradual growth of public transport in hong kong, within which the MTR has the most significant contribution in the past years ever since its presence, which at the same time takes over passengers from old tramway.
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Source: Td.gov.hk. (2018). Transport Department - The Annual Traffic Census 2016.
Annual Passenger Trips (Million)
Franchised Buses 4.1 million (33%)
Railway 4.7 million (37%)
Trams 0.18 million (1.4%)
Ferries 0.13 million (1%) Residents’ Services 0.23 million (1.9%) Light Rail 0.49 million (3.9%)
Public Light Buses 1.8 million (15%)
Taxis 0.93 million (7.4%)
KMB
CMB NWPB/CITY BUS
MTR
KCRC
TRAM
CMB
RMB
TAXI
The operation of the MTR and KCRC were merged in 2007. The passengers travelled by MTR and KCRC are counted once in MTR local line passenger journeys a er the merger.
PUBLIC TRANSIT
Distribution of Average Daily Public Transport Patronage in 2016
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
MTR Corporation in Numbers – 2016
2
Over
27,000
5.59million
Over
96,000
Staff Worldwide
Residential Flats Managed
Average Weekday Patronage in Hong Kong Passenger Journeys on-time
99.9%
Over
46,000
Advertising Units
Over
1,300
Station Shops
Property Development Packages Awarded
Leasing
Retail Properties
48.4%
of over
210,000
Share of Franchised Public Transport Market
2 18
square metres
About
New Rail Lines Opened
18,000
Serving
Districts
in Hong Kong
5.64million
Average Weekday Patronage Outside of Hong Kong
9 6
Railway Services
Residential Units to be built
2
New Railway Projects are in Progress
43 km
will be added to the Hong Kong Network
in Cities Outside of Hong Kong
2
MTR Corporation
Annual Report 2016
3
ARCH7072_STUDIO TOD ANALYSIS
Transit-Oriented Development
Transit-oriented development (TOD) is an initiative of the Government that has railway at its core. In accordance with this strategy, the framework for public transport in Hong Kong reflects the concept of “rail hubs” supported by secondary modes of road-based transport. One key objective of TOD is to utilise Hong Kong’s limited land resources in a prudent way by promoting intensified development near railway stations. It also aims to facilitate efficient, mass transportation of Hong Kong’s population in an environmentally-friendly way and to make optimal use of restricted development opportunities in Hong Kong’s built-up areas wherever technically feasible. As a result of the Rail plus Property model, we have supported TOD at stations all over our network. This map illustrates a few examples of our success stories. Please move the cursor over the marked stations to read more.
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Alvin SUN, Allan CHONG, Erika FUNG
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
415,900 m2 of fully integrated offices, retail and hotel facilities • 2 office towers total 254,190 m2 of floor space • 59,460 m2 retail area in a multi-level podium • A deluxe hotel and deluxe serviced apartment suites • Transport interchange for public buses, minibuses, taxis, • hotel limousines and tour buses with more than 1340 car parking spaces • Extensive public and private open space, entertainment, recreational community facilities.
IFC & Hong Kong Station
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
330,000m2 of mass residential development, shopping centre and public transport interchange • built on 34.8 hectares of reclaimed land • 50 residential towers, offering 21,500 apartments to accommodate 58,000 residents in the site area • sit above the MTR LOHAS Park Station • 45,000 m2 shopping centre • a public transport interchange, five schools and other government facilities, e.g. elderly centres, day nursery • The GFA for domestic purposes is up to 1,600,000m2 • retail GFA will occupy up to 50,000m2 • includes a 19,000m2 central park and 330m2 of seafront promenade.
Phase 3 - Hemera Phase 1 - The Capitol Phase 2- Le Prestige
Phase 4 Wings At Sea
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
LOHAS Park
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
L O H A ◐❁士壆䳻◔ S
330,000m2 of mass residential development, shopping centre and public transport interchange
• built on 34.8 hectares of reclaimed land • 50 residential towers, offering 21,500 apartments to accommodate 58,000 residents in the site area • sit above the MTR LOHAS Park Station • 45,000 m2 shopping centre • a public transport interchange, five schools and other government facilities, e.g. elderly centres, day nursery • The GFA for domestic purposes is up to 1,600,000m2 • retail GFA will occupy up to 50,000m2 • includes a 19,000m2 central park and 330m2 of seafront promenade.
Phase 3 - Hemera Phase 1 - The Capitol Phase 2- Le Prestige
Phase 4 Wings At Sea
IFESTYLE F
EALTH
ND
USTAINABILITY
◐❁士壆䳻◔
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
signage
Human scale?
psychological timing
Context Enclose? Loose?
Regulation
WALKING EXPERIENCE
NAVIGATION
Lighting
Podium
ACCESSIBILITY Layers Podium driven
20mins presentation
Depot driven
Site background
PHASING
CONTENT SCALE / DENSITY
Reclamation
OPEN SPACE
Green space
‘Private’ open space?
Role Create population
Temporary facilities
Diversity Extension of the current site
daily needs
Mixed Programmes transportation
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
CHAPTER 01
PHASINGS
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
CENTRAL IFC & MTR HISTORICAL MAPPING
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
LOHAS
IFC & MTR HISTORICAL MAPPING
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
CHAPTER 02
SCALE & DENSITY
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CENTER
3% public space 17% apartment
LOHAS PARK, TSENG KWAN O >1% school
11% hotel
PLOT RATIO
17% shop 57% office
1.5% open space
PLOT RATIO
15
5
415,900 m2 G.F.A.
1,670,000 m2 G.F.A.
vs Comparing IFC and Lohas Park, IFC has a compact mixed-use programme as the plot ratio is 15. It has a purpose of serving the people within the existing context, while Lohas Park is a independent scheme that serves the community itself.
2% retail
96% residential
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
TKO STATION
18 m 0 0 0 (1 m in
Cycling tracks
s in cl cy g )
SHEUNG WAN STATION
HONG KONG STATION 0m
50
CENTRAL STATION 500m
1800m (10 mins cycling ) JUNK BAY ADMIRAITY STATION
LOHAS PARK
Scale Density Diversity Context
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
M
M
M
B
B
max. 15 mins MTR (+waiting time)
B
B
News Summary:• Only one supermarket now in LOHAS Park • People have to travel to TKO for buying daily needs • Requesting fresh market to be built by the government in LOHAS 8000 Flats are available in LOHAS now, while 2172 flats are constructing
Problem related to: Programme balance, phasing & planning Scale
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
CHAPTER 03
OPEN SPACE
TOD ANALYSIS
88%
LANDSCAPE COVERAGE
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
40%
% over site coverage
Accessibility to open space? Does the podium landscape apply to every case? LOHAS park has almost the whole site covered with green spaces which is also accessible by the public, whereas the landscape coverage in IFC is 40%, and mostly commercially oriented with relatively uneasy accessibility.
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
EXPERIENCING OPEN SPACE / GREEN THROUGH WALKING?
Unless the destination is the open space, actually no one know the green space is situated on the roof of the mall. For workers, they usually pass through the shopping mall to the office, and for the visitors, they just stay around in the mall.
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
PUBLIC
PRIVATE OPEN SPACES FOR PUBLIC
EXPERIENCING OPEN SPACE / GREEN THROUGH WALKING?
Different situation in Lohas Park, as residents (only) can experience the open space although through the shopping mall. As the destination normally for residents is their home. Green spaces are surround them before arriving the lobby of the residential tower.
TOD Analysis TOD ANAL YSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
LANDSCAPE ACCESIBILITY
LOHAS park has almost the whole site covered by green spaces according to its materplan, however the whole construction is not finished yet. Despite the parts still undergoing construction, those present parks are gated for private use only which is not accessible by the public. As for the landscape coverage in IFC, which is 40%, the roof top area are not well-used, and the path arrive there is relatively uneasy to find.
Green Space Commercial
Commercial Road MTR Commercial Shops MTR
Commercial
IFC
Commercial Commercial Commercial
Road Commercial Bus Terminus
Depot MTR
LOHAS Park
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Public Space as an Experience
Public Space as a Destination
Public Space at IFC mall
Public Space at IFC roof top
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
PUBLIC SPACE INACTIVE
The public space at the roof top area of IFC is currently inactive. Although it has great view, sunlight, natural ventilation and large open space, people rarely come to this place. One reason is the difficulty in accessibility, and the other might be in lack of specific program to attract flow.
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
PUBLIC SPACE REACTIVATION
If well designed, developed and managed, such a great public space could be re-activated to better serve the local community, as well as contributing to maximize the land potential of this area. Programs such as art events, exhibition, music show, etc. Could potentially be well introduced into here.
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
CHAPTER 04
ACCESSIBILITY
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
IFC
人車 分隔
PEOPLE / CAR SEPARATION LAYERS LOHAS PARK
Divided in many layers Weather-proof access ‘cake scheme’ development
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
500m walking distance
500m walking distance
B
B
12m
34m
13m
50m
PODIUM DRIVEN MODEL OFFICE
FOOTBRIDGE
CARPARK
RESIDENTIAL
DEPOT
HOTEL
MIXED-USE
TRANSPORT
SHOPPING MALL
24m
DEPOT DRIVEN MODEL Both rely on footbridges and podium
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
BEFORE INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CENTRE LAYERS
Layers have been developed in central urban fabric since 1960. As the reclamation works were continuously processed every decade, many covered skyways were built for connecting the old reclamation site to the new one. This phenomenon allows IFC to be designed as the current option, which is a large podium at the bottom, and connecting the existing skyways.
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
EVOLUTION
No podium 1960
Single podium
Link podium
Bulk podium 2010
Mixed-use development
Jardine House (1970)
William R. Leigh, “Great City of the Future,” Cosmopolitan, November 1908
layers / podium / mixed-used
Central (1960)
Hopewell Centre (1980)
Central (1970)
Exchange Sq. (1988)
Tai Koo (1980)
IFC (2003)
Kowloon station (2007)
Kowloon station (2010)
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
No podium
Single podium
Link podium
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Bulk podium
WHY?
The 1966 method of development control, the principle of which has remained in effect to this day, allows 100% site coverage for the lower portion of a building up to a certain height (usually 15m), and reduced site coverage for the upper portion beyond that height. The resultant architectural form has become a familiar sight in Hong Kong today: a free-standing high-rise residential tower block with open space all round, and perched on a commercial podium base that occupies the full extent of the building site.
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
The skyways is a weaving system to connect podium by podium, it can eventually extend to admirality.
Through this skyway to Hang Seng Bank, it can extend to the Central peak area.
PIER
PIER / JARDINE HOUSE
Skyways become a ma jor street for Central’s people.
BRIDGES CONNECT PODIUM
MACAU FERRY PIER
EXCHANGE SQUARE
HANG SANG BANK
There are 5 exits in IFC for connecting the existing skyways, which allow circulation without ground
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
SCHOOLS
KINDERGARTEN ELDERLY CENTRE
1 LOHAS PARK STATION
2
RECREATION CENTRE
3
1
2
3
4
OPEN SPACE YOUTH SERVICES CENTRE
4 COMMUNITY CENTRE
KINDERGARTEN
DISABLE TRAINING CENTRE
ELDERLY CENTRE PRE-SCHOOL
SCHOOLS
KINDERGARTEN SCHOOLS KINDERGARTEN
500m walking distance
LOHAS PARK COVERED WALKWAYS Over 60% of walkways in Lohas park are outdoor covered walkways, while the remaining are the linkage inside the shopping mall. Lohas park emphasises open space, and in fact plants are situated along walkways for most cases. As the site contains 13 residential packages, walkways become a network to connect each other and the community based buildings or centre.
50m
24m
DEPOT DRIVEN MODEL CARPARK
RESIDENTIAL
DEPOT
FOOTBRIDGE
TRANSPORT
SHOPPING MALL
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
CHAPTER 05
NAVIGATION
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
ORIENTATION / NAVIGATION on podium & footbridge
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
500m walking distance
12m
34m
13m
PODIUM DRIVEN MODEL
Buildings, context and activities navigiate people • Enclosed space • Context • Looking downward
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
500m walking distance
DEPOT DRIVEN MODEL
50m
24m
Signages (currently) is the only way to provide orientation • • • •
Loose arrangement Massive (scale) Looking upward Identical
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
CHAPTER 06
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
retail F&B
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1 Route 1: 3 mins 25s Route 2: 3 mins 50s Route 2 is usually chosen unconsciously - may it rely on some criteria? MTR tracks
FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
retail F&B
1st escalator
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 1 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
32m
retail F&B
5m
RETAIL
RETAIL PLATFORM
MTR concourse
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 1 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
32m
retail F&B
5m
RETAIL
RETAIL PLATFORM
MTR concourse
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 1 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
32m
retail F&B
5m
RETAIL
RETAIL PLATFORM
MTR concourse
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 1 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
32m
retail F&B
5m
RETAIL
RETAIL PLATFORM
MTR concourse
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 1 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
32m
retail F&B
5m
RETAIL
RETAIL PLATFORM
MTR concourse
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 1 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
retail F&B
2nd escalator
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 1 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
retail
7m
F&B
7m 5m
3rd escalator
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 1 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
retail F&B
9m
skylight
7m Atrium
7m
THE PIER
7m 5m ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 1 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
32m
retail F&B
5m
RETAIL
RETAIL PLATFORM
MTR concourse
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 2 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
32m
retail F&B
5m
RETAIL
RETAIL PLATFORM
MTR concourse
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 2 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
retail F&B
2nd escalator
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 2 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
retail
7m
F&B
7m 5m
3rd escalator
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 2 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
retail F&B
THE PIER
9m
skylight
ROUTE 2
7m Atrium
ROUTE 1
7m 7m 5m MTR tracks
Route 2 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
retails / F&B
retail
open space
F&B retails / F&B
IFC arcade
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 2 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
retails / F&B
retail
open space
F&B retails / F&B
IFC arcade
THE PIER
ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 2 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
retail F&B
9m
skylight
7m Atrium
7m
THE PIER
7m 5m ROUTE 2
ROUTE 1
MTR tracks
Route 2 FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Route 2 is usually chosen unconsciously May it rely on some criteria?
Non-human scale Constant spatial arrangement Signage Artificial light
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Human scale Spatial diversity Programme / open space Natural light
3 mins 25s 3 mins 50s Route 1 Route 2
retail F&B
32m 5m
32m 5m
RETAIL
RETAIL PLATFORM
RETAIL
9m
RETAIL skylight PLATFORM
7m Atrium
7m 7m 5m 32m
THE PIER 5m
RETAIL
RETAIL PLATFORM skylight
9m 7m
Atrium
7m
ROUTE 2
7m
32m
5m 5m
RETAIL
RETAIL PLATFORM
ROUTE 1
9m
skylight
retails / F&B open space
7m
retails / F&B
Atrium
7m 7m 5m
retails / F&B open space retails / F&B
MTR tracks
9m
FROM MTR TO THE PIER
WALKING EXPERIENCE
skylight
9m
7m Atrium
7m 7m 5m
skylight
7m Atrium
7m 7m 5m
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
PHASING
SCALE / DENSITY
OPEN SPACE WALKING EXPERIENCE
NAVIGATION
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
short scale? or Diverse Programme phasing? long
existing site extension
small context
support
Temporary diverse Programme phasing
creating population
large context
open
Experiencing
Private
Destination
natural light
human scale
activities
artifical light
‘purpose’ scale
empty
signage
identical
building
variety
Permanent
psychological timing
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
THANK YOU
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Other information may relate to the question section.
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
IFC & LOHAS PARK TRANSITS SYSTEM
LEGEND
MONG KOK
MONG KOK
KWUN TONG
TSIM SHA TSUI LOHAS PARK
IFC
CAUSEWAY BAY
CENTRAL ADMIRALITY
QUARRY BAY
The location of those two TOD projects illustrates a typical difference in terms of transit-linkage, as for IFC, it is in the city center already, which is highly developed with enormous transportation options for reaching any other places in the Hong Kong region. However, LOHAS park is currently a developing site, which does not have as many transportation options as IFC yet.
TOD ANALYSIS
IFC TRANSIT SYSTEM HONG KONG station is the eastern terminus of the Tung Chung Line and Airport Express, situated between Man Cheung Street and Harbour View Street, Central, Hong Kong Island, and sits underneath the International Finance Centre (IFC). It takes 38mins to arrive the airport. It also connects to Central for transitting Central Line and Hong Kong Line.ventually in services in 2011.
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
LOHAS PARK TRANSIT SYSTEM LOHAS Park Station Public Transport is a temporary outdoor bus station at the MTR station exit A. It provides 5 bus routes and 1 mini-bus route for the residents. The walking distance between LOHAS Park phase 1 to the station is approximately 200 meters. In the government planning perspective in 2002, two interchanges (at the MTR exit and Wan Po Road) are compulsory in the tender document. The original plan was constructed in 2001 and completed in 2010. After completion, the ownership of the station would be return to the government from MTR properties. In fact, MTR is the primary transport system in the planning of the LOHAS park. Bus was still considered to be relatively ‘low environmental transport’ in the area. As the number of residents keep increasing, 3 bus routes were eventually in services in 2011.
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
ACTIVATES SURROUNDINGS
OR NOT? Many festivals, concerts, art galleries had been hold at the central harbour front for many years since the IFC was situated in 2002. In fact, this choice of location for activities was relatively successful as IFC with the MTR terminal provide sufficient people volume to the site. However, in terms of the planning and accessibility, the walking experience on the temporary covered bridge is accepted as bad publicly. It has no green elements or aesthetic elements either. Although busking activities are usually happened on the bridge, it has no opportunities for people stop walking.
Top right - Art Central Top left - Dragonland music festival Bottom right - AIA amusment park Bottom middle - E-sport & music festival Bottom left - The only bridge to connect the activities site to IFC
TOD ANALYSIS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
MCL WELL ON SHOPPING ARCADE
EAST POINT CITY
In Sheung Tak Estate, a night food market operates every night.
SHEUNG TAK ESTATE
POPCORN
LOHAS MALL?
DAILY NEEDS THE ONLY OR CHOICE?
BALANCE
Variety or the only? What make the community unique? Well on shopping centre is becoming the only one mall that provides a relatively cheap rent to the community, the rent is in between HKD 7,000 to 10,000 per month. The tenant said this price has been maintained for 6 years. Without this place, they were no longer to continue the business and even not possible to move into TOD shopping malls or other malls by LINK Reit as the high rent they may suffer. While we maximise the benifit from connectivity and transportability, we should not supersede the problem that may create to the community.
TOD ANALYSIS
Hong Kong - IFC & LOHAS
Allan CHONG / Alvin SUN / Erika FUNG
MANAGEMENT PROBLEM
Properties management team sometimes restrict the using rights in the public space. It turns open spaces become not open anymore. 陳展浚 (將軍澳民生關注組) 說將軍澳是睡房社區：「人們返來只係瞓 覺。你製造天橋城市，天橋好多業權本屬政府擁有，但管理權屬港鐵和 發展商，連地鐵站附近的空地也撥給港鐵管理。本來公契寫明可做一般 活動，但最終由發展商界定。基本上這些地方沒什麼可發生，除非發展 商批准。實際上我根本沒有渠道申請搞社區活動。」
Mr. Chan, TKO community group member, describes TKO is an area for sleeping only. ‘People come back for sleeping. Many ‘bridges development’ situated in here, bridges are owned by government originally, however, the managing right was distributed to the MTR or to developers, even in the case of open spaces. In the deed of mutual covenant, it states that people can hold activities on the bridges. However, unless the permission was granted by the developers, people usually cannot hold any community activities in the open spaces.