SHILIUPU SHIP YARD: “Clouds over the Huangpu River”
Kyu | Christian | Snow | Shen Yang Inspect on Chinese Modern Architecture April 22, 2011
Location: South of the Bund Key Designers: Xian Dai Architectural Design, RFR: Facade Design & Structure Engineering Key Developers: Shanghai Zheng Da, Urban Planning Administration Bureau
CONTEXT LOCATION THE SHILIUPU SHIP YARD...
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CONTEXT LOCATION THE SHILIUPU SHIP YARD... 1 is on the West Bank of The Huangpu River 2 is 2 km from People’s Square 3 offers unobstructed views to Pudong 4 feeds directly into the historic Bund 5 is adjacent to the historic city of Shanghai
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CONTEXT LOCATION THE SHILIUPU SHIP YARD... 1 is on the West Bank of The Huangpu River 2 is 2 km from People’s Square 3 offers unobstructed views to Pudong 4 feeds directly into the historic Bund 5 is adjacent to the historic city of Shanghai
LINE 8 LINE 2
Xinzha Lu
East Nanjing Lu
Lujiazui
People’s Square
Shangcheng Lu
Yuyuan Garden
LINE 1
Dashijie
LINE 9
South Huangpi Lu
Laoximen
Xiaonanmen Xintiandi
Lujiabang Lu
150 Years Ago
1860
150 Years Ago
1862
140 Years Ago
1850
102 Years Ago
1909
“The Portal of the Sea” Emperor Qianlong of the Qing dynasty, allowed commercial activities from the sea into Shanghai It had superior geographical position and became the tie-point of north and south
Ulysses S. Grant visits Shanghai After a 21-gun salute, the warehouse at the Jinliyuan dock was used to welcome the president. The dock was built by the Meiqichang Company.
“Shiliupu gets its name”
In order to defend from rebel forces in the time (the Peasant Uprising) the government created a system of companies called “Pu” to protect the ports. Initially, it was planned to create 27 “Pu’s,” but due to unknown reasons, only 16 were created. This one is the 16th, the largest in Shanghai.
“Pu’s get cancelled”
In 1909, the autonomous government structure was implemented in Shanghai, and the Pu system was cancelled. But because people were used to this name, this name is kept until now.
CONTEXT HISTORY 40 Years Ago
1971
“famous street in Shanghai” compiled by shanghai archives
In High Demand...
In the 1970s, along with the urgent need of transportation for passengers Shiliupu once again became a port passenger terminal. There was three gathering points, escalators, surveillance cameras and small waiting rooms with air conditioning.
http://www.virtualshanghai.net/Article.php?ID=34
http://www.virtualshanghai.net/Article.php?ID=34
CONTEXT HISTORY 05/20
2000
In High Demand?
“The old warehouse at the site of where the Shiliupu development stands today was home to a rich history. In its hayday more than 40,000 people traversed the dock daily - over 6.7 million a year - as they arrived in or departed from Shanghai. It was for many decades the largest passenger transport dock in China.” With the development of the highway, the shipyard was day-by-day forgotten by people.
http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=c-8TGS600gQC&pg=PA149&lpg=PA149&dq=Jinliyuan+Dock&source=bl&ots=6-tkZ4F9z_&sig=bi0LaFBBygixJFzqj9PYTfvntLc&hl=zhCN&ei=n3KuTffTDpDOvQPd2YmQDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Jinliyuan%20Dock&f=false
CONTEXT HISTORY 05/05
2004
12/02/2004 - The Beginning of the End
- The site directly adjacent to the Shiliupu dock followed the same level of density as that of the old town - On December 2, 2004, the site of the old Shiliupu Dock was demolished - Origianally, Shiliupu ship yard worked as a harbor from Shanghai to the cities around Chang jiang River - Businesses were moved to the Wusong Tourist Center
CONTEXT HISTORY 11/27
2005
12/02/2004 - Old Shiliupu Demolished
- The site directly adjacent to the Shiliupu dock followed the same level of density as that of the old town - On December 2, 2004, the site of the old Shiliupu Dock was demolished
CONTEXT HISTORY 11/12
2006
8-1 Plot is leveled
- By late 2006, the 8-1 plot was demolished along with the Shiliupu dock. - The future of this site is still uncertain. - To the north of the 8-1 plot, deconstruction made way for the construction of a bus terminal
CONTEXT HISTORY 04/25
2008
The Bus Terminal and Shiliupu
- Construction on both the bus terminal, the connecting underground ‘plaza’ space and the new Shilupu development was begun.
CONTEXT HISTORY 04/02
2009
The Bus Terminal and Shiliupu
- Construction on both the bus terminal, the connecting underground ‘plaza’ space and the new Shilupu development was begun. - Construction for the adjacent bus terminal was initiated
CONTEXT HISTORY 05/11
2009
The Bus Terminal and Shiliupu
- Due to the fact that Shiliupu and the Bus Terminal were to be completed prior to the Expo (May 1-October 31, 2010), the development seemed to be behind schedule a year prior to the event. - The 8-1 plot was used as a parking lot for the Expo 2010.
CONTEXT HISTORY 03/10
2010
Site ready for Expo 2010
- By March 10, 2010, the site of the Shiliupu and the adjacant bus Terminal were ready for use. - “Clouds over the Huangpu River” - Expo 2010 Southbound Ferry Terminal - on February 1, 2010, the 8-1 site was auctioned and sold 9.22 Billion to the Shanghai Zheng Da company
CONTEXT DESIGN COMPETITION THE SHILIUPU SHIP YARD... Is only the first phase of a multi-phased project that includes both the watertfront and the surrounding area (Block 8-1, for example) The design competition was completed in 2004, and the resulting winning design was actually built.
Alternative 3, SBA Design
http://www.space.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/chamspam/events/shiling_zheng_chen_yi_london.pdf
The 8-1 plot delivers a gross floor area of 370,000 sq meters, 70% of which is designated to office use. This plot was acquired by Zendai Property at a price of RMB 9.22 billion, which makes it the highest recorded total land price in Shanghai
CONTEXT DESIGN COMPETITION THE SHILIUPU SHIP YARD... at Renmin Dong Lu, the buildings will be restored, and the characteristics will be commercial, residential and office synthesis use The most close plot near the residential will be celebrity community garden South of the site is very exclusive housing.
ALTERNATIVE 3: SBA Design
ALTERNATIVE 1: TMA ARCHITEC
ALTERNATIVE 2: 3DReid
ALTERNATIVE 4: John Portman & Associates
CONTEXT DESIGN COMPETITION THE SHILIUPU SHIP YARD... The design competition invited many different architects from all over the world. Here are four different design proposals for the waterfront, as well as with the resulting 8-1 plot in the background.
The Block 8 site represents more than just a physical connection from the Huangpu River to the Old Town, it presents an opportunity to establish a supportive transitional relationship between the waterfront and the surrounding cultural zones.
http://www.portmanusa.com/work_in_progress/w_south_bund.html
“This modern development sits sensitively between the ancient city and new bund development on the waterfront, with green roofs providing a break in the vernacular from old to new” http://www.3dreid.com/uploads/content/objects/462/3DReid_masterplanning_brochure.pdf
“This project began in 1997. The site is located at pier 16 Shanghai China It will develop to be waterfront include: shopping-mall,hotel, office bulding. fisherman wharf.” Taiwanese Architecture Firm: http://www.architec.com.tw/P4.htm?detectflash=false&
“To improve the historic streets and spatial structure, so that the entire block connects the waterfront area and the original old city in east-west direction, as well as the historic area of the Bund area and the EXPO-site in south-north direction.” http://www.sba-design.eu/3002-Shi-Liu-Pu-Areal.html.en
CONTEXT DESIGN COMPETITION THE SHILIUPU SHIP YARD... The different design firms had similar foci, all of which included the feeling of using this site as a place of connection, weaving, or transitioning between spaces.
Nanpu plot
13-15 plot
The Masterplan of the Waterfront includes 4 key developments. Altogether, there will be 35 new skyscrapers covering 260,000 square meters. But Shanghai's officials want you to know that they're not all about just building - 169 old homes will be slated for preservation Fuxing plot
The 8-1 plot will extend from Zhongshan Dong Er Lu in the East to Renmin Lu in the West, Dongmen Lu in the South to Longtan Lu in the North. The area will cover 45,000 square meters with 27,000 square meters of usable space above ground and 10,000 square meters of usable space below ground. It is meant to become an international financial service center, which may be why they're opting for a Twin Towers theme.
CONTEXT THE FUTURE THE SHILIUPU SHIP YARD... In the greater context, the area around the west side of the Huangpu river is set to see many new developments. The new projects will eventually transform the waterfront into areas of leisure, entertainment, offices or residential spaces.
PUBLIC SPACE KEY ISSUES
123
ISSUE 2: TRANSITION ISSUE 2: TRANSITION ISSUE 2: TRANSITION
ISSUE 1: CONNECT Bund
Bund People
People Old Town
Puxi
People Puxi
Puxi
Traditional Culture Zones Traditional
People
NATURE
Pudong
Pudong
Waterfront
Waterfront
Waterfront
Expo
People Puxi
TRANSPORT HUB HOTEL SHOPPING HO SHOPPING HOTEL WHARF
OFFICE NAT SPA OFFICE SPACE NATURE
Culture Zones Traditional
Modern Waterfront ISSUE 3: WEAVE ISSUE 3: WEAVE Traditional
Mod
HOTEL SHOPPING HOTEL
TRANSPORT HUBTRANSPORT HUB
SHOPPING
WHARF RETAIL RETAIL
WHARF Experience
Waterfront
RETAIL WHARF
RETAI RETAIL OFFICE SPACE
WHARF
Modern
Puxi
Pudong
Tradi
TRANSPORT HUB
Waterfront Waterfront Modern Waterfront ISSUE 2: TRANSITION ISSUE 2: TRANSITION Culture Zones
Bund
Culture Zones
TRANSPORT HUB SHOPPING
NATURE
Huangpu River Pudong
Traditional
Puxi
Pudong
rfront
ple
Culture Zones Culture Zones Bund
ISSUE 3:2: WEAVE ISSUE3: TRANSITIONISSUE 3: WEAVE ISSUE WEAVE
OFFICE SPACE OFFICE SPACE NATURE NATURE
Pudong
Experience
Experience
Waterfront
Waterfront
Modern
Modern
Structural Factors
PUBLIC SPACE GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA Structural Factors
THE SHILIUPU SHIP YARD... There are three main strategies to the design of this region: to connect, to transition or to weave. In the first issue, for example, Experience Experience we see that there are forces of connecting the Huangpu river to the Old Town, or the Bund to the Expo, People to the Waterfront or connecting both sides of the River.
Structural
DESIGN ISSUE 1 CONNECT
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Public Spaces have UNRESTRICTED ACCESS They WELCOME pedestrian traffic
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DESIGN ISSUE 1 CONNECT
To
Through the Old City
A
Way to Promenade
B
Way to Promenade
C
Way to Promenade
Restaurant Access
Parking Access
Way to Promenade
Restaurant Access
Direct Dock Access
D
Restaurant Access Direct Dock Access
Direct Down Access
Direct Down Access
630 Meters
DESIGN ISSUE 1 CONNECT There are 5 entrances from the street level to the promenade the existing design works alongside the floodwall, therefore offers no chance of views of Pudong from the street level Thereare only 2 entrances that provode direct dock access
Way to Promenade
DESIGN ISSUE 1 CONNECT
DESIGN ISSUE 1 CONNECT There are 5 entrances from the street level to the promenade the existing design works alongside the floodwall, therefore offers no chance of views of Pudong from the street level Thereare only 2 entrances that provode direct dock access
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
Waterfront
Waterfront
ISSUE 1: CONNECT
ISSUE 2: TRANSITION Culture Zones
Bund People Old Town
HOTEL
TRANSPORT HUB
SHOPPING
NATURE
Pudong
Waterfront
ISSUE 3: WEAVE Traditional
Puxi
Huangpu River
Expo
Modern
Waterfront
WHARF
RETAIL
OFFICE SPACE
Experience
Modern
Structural Factors
Experience
Public Spaces are usually places with a distinct CHARACTER Structural Factors
The Site is meant to connect, transition and weave different design criteria, as mentioned above.
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
DOCK The dock area is restricted to pedestrian movement
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
GATED AREAS
IMPEDE OCCUPANTS FROM VISITING THE PROMENADE
STEPPED LEVEL The dock area is restricted to pedestrian movement
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
A STEPPING FLOODWALL IS DIFFERENT FROM THE DESIGN OF THE OLD BUND
PROMENADE Existing pedestrian movement does not match quantity of the Bund
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
LANDSCAPE LANGUAGE CHANGES IT DISTRACTS OCCUPANTS ACCUSTOMED TO THE OLD BUND
GREENERY The weather has yet to be warm enough for us to witness heavy use
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
GREENSCAPES
IMPEDE THE CLEAR SIGHTLINES OF PUDONG
BUILDINGS Restaurants do not take advantage of the outdoor enviroment
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
BUILDINGS
ARE NOT INTEGRATED WITH THE LANDSCAPE
CANOPY The roof canopy serves as a landmark to incoming traffic
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
ROOFSCAPES
DO NOT PROVIDE SUFFICIENT SHELTER FROM THE SEASONS
BUND CXN The architectural language of the Bund differs significantly than that of Shiliupu
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
MOVEMENT Entrances are not very well signaled, as there is very little illumination used on the site.
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
ENTRANCES
ARE NOT DESIGNED WITH THE PEDESTRIAN IN MIND
GROUND FLOOR Existing entrances to the site are a dark contrast to the material of the walls
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
FERRY TERMINAL
THE COST OF PURCHASING A TICKET IS MORE EXPENSIVE AT SHILIUPU
SIDEWALKS 3 sidewalks link the city to the water
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
ROADS
A 6-LANE HIGHWAY BLOCKS ANY PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT
OUTSIDE SIDEWALK Existing sidewalk is a barren space with little movement
DESIGN ISSUE 2 A “HIGH LEVEL” TRANSPORT HUB
SIDEWALKS
ARE UNCOMFORTABLY SCALED, AND THE DEVELOPMENT SEEMS TO ‘GIVE ITS BACK’ TO THE CITY
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
THE AREA IS READY FOR NEXT STEP
Although the ground plane does not speak much to a connection to the water, there are opportunities in development
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
BUS TERMINAL Both Shiliupu and the Bus Terminal were completed in time for the Expo
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
UNDERGROUND CXN There exists a link between the existing Shiliupu site and the Bus Terminal
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
BUS TERMINAL Both Shiliupu and the Bus Terminal were completed in time for the Expo
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
BUS TERMINAL
IS SUBMERGED UNDERGROUND; ONE SEES LITTLE PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT
ADJACANT PARK Existing park, the green roof of the bus terminal and the Shiliupu development transition from old to new
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
GREENSCAPE
MEDIANS DO NOT ALLOW FOR JAYWALKING
BLOCK 8-1 Block 8-1’s development will be crucial to the survival of Shiliupu and the surrounding area
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
UNDEVELOPED
EXISTING GARAGE WILL EVENTUALLY BE TRANSFORMED INTO MIXED-USE
CONSTRUCTION 3 large construction sites are situated near the Shiliupu development
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
CONSTRUCTION
EXISTING SITE WILL BENEFIT FROM NEW CONSTRUCTION
OFFICE SPACE An established commercial base is already present near our site.
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
COMMERCIAL
AREAS/SMALL BUSINESSES WILL ADD VALUE TO THE DEVELOPMENT?
RESIDENTIAL Luxury residential space is situated to the south of our site
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
RESIDENTIAL
HIGH RISES IN PROXIMITY TO OUR SITE
CULTURAL The old city is meant to be kept as-is (with a few structural reforms).
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
HISTORIC CITY
5-MINUTE WALK FROM OUT SITE
“Clouds over the Huangpu River” - Expo 2010 Southbound Ferry Terminal Key issue is to attract people into the site Key aim is to revitalize Wharf as a “New Water Tourist Center” Large Master Planning occuring in the Area, and only time will tell how this affects Shiliupu
DESIGN ISSUE 3 Bridge to future developments
Expo
ISSUE 1: CONNECT
ISSUE 2: TRANSITION Culture Zones
Bund People Old Town
Waterfront
Waterfront
ISSUE 3: WEAVE Traditional
HOTEL
TRANSPORT HUB
Puxi
SHOPPING
Huangpu River
NATURE
Pudong
Expo
Modern
Waterfront
Waterfront
WHARF
RETAIL
OFFICE SPACE
Modern
Structural Factors
Experience
Thank You Structural Factors
HUANGPU
SERVES AS A NATURAL BOUNDARY TO OUR SITE
Experience