Big Questions 2

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Reading for Fostering English Skills & Academic Curiosity

is a three-level reading series designed for intermediate learners of English. This series aims to help students develop their abilities to read and understand the features of nonfiction texts. As students’ reading abilities grow, the importance of reading expository texts becomes greater and greater. However, expository texts are more challenging to understand because they include new concepts and content-specific vocabulary. To help students become familiar with expository texts in an easier and more interesting way, Big Questions series focuses on answering questions on topics that students want to know more about, including science, history, and social studies. By reading the articles and finding the answers to these questions, students will learn how to process information in texts and will develop their knowledge of various topics as well as their English language skills.

Features

2 2

• Familiar topics that are related to school subjects • Articles with interesting contents and big questions that make students curious • Prepare to Read section for building background knowledge • Useful and academic vocabulary • Strong visual aids such as pictures, charts, and maps to help students understand the

nonfiction texts better

• Comprehension questions, including reading skill exercises • Summarizing and paraphrasing exercises to help students respond to the texts

Components Student Book / Workbook / Audio CD Downloadable Resources: www.clueandkey.com

ISBN 978-89-6884-632-8 978-89-6884-630-4(SET)

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At a Glance

UNIT

SUBJECT

01

History

Are There Pyramids Only in Egypt?

02

Science

Are Tomatoes Fruits or Vegetables?

03

Language Arts

04

Social Studies

05

Social Studies Geography

What Is the Biggest Ocean in the World?

06

Science

Why Do People Grow Older?

07

Science Physics

Why Does a Stick Look Like It Is Bending in Water?

08

Visual Art

Why Do Native Americans Carve Faces onto Logs?

Biology

Biology

BIG QUESTIONS

What Is Epic Poetry?

Why Are Some National Flags So Similar to One Another?

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READING

VOCABULARY

READING SKILL

Mayan and Aztec Temples

remains, rule, service, tomb, unlike, urban

Compare & Contrast

How Fruits and Vegetables Are Different

raw, normally, definition, actually, nut, grain

Connecting Words

Epic Poems

compose, warrior, voyage, interfere, tale, slay

Simplifying

Flags and Their Symbols

identical, revolution, purity, determination, symbolize, popular

Author’s Purpose

The Five Oceans on the Planet

cover, entire, trench, deep, surround, shallow

Detail

The Aging Process

grow, appearance, wrinkle, trillion, renew, organ

Compare & Contrast

The Refraction of Light

bend, remove, refraction, ray, substance, pass

Cause & Effect

Totem Poles

tribe, totem, carve, image, spirit, skilled

Detail

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At a Glance

UNIT

SUBJECT

09

Social Studies

10

Science

How Can the Needle of a Compass Find North Every Time?

11

Science

Who Discovered Electricity?

12

History

Who Was Genghis Khan?

13

Music

14

Science

How Was Neptune Discovered?

15

Science

What Does a Plant Eat to Live?

16

Science

How Was the City of Pompeii Destroyed?

Economics

Earth Science

Physics

Astronomy

Biology

Earth Science

BIG QUESTIONS Since When Did People Start Using Money?

Why Was Niccolo Paganini Called “The Devil’s Violinist”?

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READING

VOCABULARY

READING SKILL

The History of Payment

good, barter, effective, commodity, inconvenient, spread

Author’s Purpose

How a Compass Works

solution, solid, liquid, magnetized, opposite, invent

Simplifying

The Discovery of Electricity

flow, electron, experiment, thunderstorm, rub, fur

Sequence

The Victories of Genghis Khan

betray, conquer, unite, general, attack, soldier

Problem & Solution

The Life of Niccolo Paganini

mandolin, instant, flexible, technique, violinist, showman

Connecting Words

The Discovery of Neptune

telescope, observe, predict, orbit, astronomer, unknown

Problem & Solution

Plants and Photosynthesis

nutrient, branch, photosynthesis, substance, capture, carbon dioxide

Sequence

The Eruption of Mount Vesuvius

coast, curious, spew, rush, expel, dormant

Cause & Effect

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How to Use This Book Prepare to Read Reading brings us knowledge and enjoyment. But to read successfully, we need background knowledge of topics and vocabulary. Building your background knowledge will make your reading more effective and enjoyable.

History

Target Vocabulary

Big Questions series includes contents about various school subjects.

In each unit, six new target vocabulary words are given along with simple definitions.

Big Questions Do you know the answer to this question? You may or may not. But don’t worry. The main article will provide you with the answer. These big questions in the opening part of the unit will motivate you to read the main article with a purpose.

I Know This! This section lets you check your background knowledge with easy questions. Now, you are ready to read.

Building Background Knowledge You can build your background knowledge with pictures and basic vocabulary words.

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Read to Learn The nonfiction texts present a lot of information. While reading these articles, you will learn many things about school subjects and our world. When you read each article the first time, try to focus on understanding the big idea of the article and on finding the answer to the Big Question!

Read to Learn

I Learned This!

Try to find the answer to the Big Question in the main article. These texts also include a lot of information about school subjects.

This section will help you understand the gist and organize the important information by finding the main topic and the answer to the Big Question.

Picture Room These photos, maps, charts, and illustrations will help you understand the nonfiction texts better.

Dictation Tests of the main passages are available at www.clueandkey.com.

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Beyond Reading Now read the main article again while looking at the details and check your understanding. Activate your reading skills to summarize. Then, link the newly learned information with your own world. This process will make you a successful reader and learner.

Details

Paraphrase

More comprehension questions are provided to check the specific information you learned.

By completing the summary of the main article, you can practice your paraphrasing skills.

Reading Skills

Your Opinion

The last comprehension question checks your understanding by using various reading skills. These reading skills will help you read nonfiction texts more efficiently.

This personalization step will enable you to learn the information in a meaningful way and will also serve as an effective speaking and writing exercise.

Workbook The workbook will help you review the target vocabulary and practice structuring sentences. In addition, the paraphrasing exercises will strengthen your understanding of the articles as well as your English skills.

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Contents Unit 01

Are There Pyramids Only in Egypt?

10

Unit 02

Are Tomatoes Fruits or Vegetables?

16

Unit 03

What Is Epic Poetry?

22

Unit 04

Why Are Some National Flags So Similar to One Another?

28

Unit 05

What Is the Biggest Ocean in the World?

34

Unit 06

Why Do People Grow Older?

40

Unit 07

Why Does a Stick Look Like It Is Bending in Water?

46

Unit 08

Why Do Native Americans Carve Faces onto Logs?

52

Unit 09

Since When Did People Start Using Money?

58

Unit 10

How Can the Needle of a Compass Find North Every Time?

64

Unit 11

Who Discovered Electricity?

70

Unit 12

Who Was Genghis Khan?

76

Unit 13

Why Was Niccolo Paganini Called “The Devil’s Violinist”?

82

Unit 14

How Was Neptune Discovered?

88

Unit 15

What Does a Plant Eat to Live?

94

Unit 16

How Was the City of Pompeii Destroyed?

100

Vocabulary Check

106

Self - Evaluation List

110

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History

UNIT

01

Big Question : Think and talk together.

?

Are There Pyramids Only in Egypt Prepare to Read

Look at the pictures and put the words in the correct blanks. Egypt

older

Central America

newer

pointy top

flat top

temple

tomb

The Great Pyramid of Giza 139m

Words About the Great Pyramid of Giza

Built around 2560 B.C.

El Castillo Built between 900 – 1200 A.D.

Words About El Castillo

30m

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Target Vocabulary

Track 02

Listen and repeat. Then, check the meaning of each word. remains parts of something that existed a long time ago rule to have power over other people service a special ceremony tomb a place where a dead person is buried unlike different from urban related to a city

I Know This! Read and choose the answers you think are correct. 1 The Great Pyramid of Giza is in

2 The Egyptian pyramids were

.

.

a Egypt

a houses

b China

b towers

c Mexico

c tombs

3 El Castillo is in

.

4 El Castillo is

a Asia

than the Great Pyramid of Giza.

b Europe

a older

c Central America

b newer c taller

Unit 01 11

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Read to Learn

Mayan and Aztec Temples 1

Track 03

Thousands of years ago, the Egyptians built many pyramids. They made

at least 130 of them. The Great Pyramid of Giza was the largest. The Egyptians were not the only people who built pyramids though. People in places all around the world made them. 2

Today, there are many remains of ancient pyramids in Central America. More than 1,000 years ago, the Mayan people ruled an empire in Central

Picture Room Mayan Civilization

A

B

Yucatan Peninsula Pacific Ocean

The Mayan civilization was in the Yucatan Peninsula in Central America.

C

The Mayans built pyramids with steps. Mayan priests conducted ceremonies at the tops of their pyramids.

D

Chichen Itza was an ancient Mayan city. It had many temples and buildings.

The Aztecs conducted human sacrifices on their pyramids.

12

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America. They were pyramid builders. Their pyramids were different from the Egyptian ones.

Mayan pyramids had steps going from the bottom to the

top. They used their pyramids for religious services. So only priests could go to the tops of Mayan temples. The Egyptians were different. They used their pyramids as tombs. The most famous Mayan temple is El Castillo.

It is in the

city of Chichen Itza. The Mayans built pyramids in other places, too. 3

The Aztecs had a great empire in Mexico. They lived a few centuries ago.

The Aztecs also built many pyramids. Their pyramids resembled Mayan ones. They had steps.

And priests performed religious ceremonies on them. The

Aztecs also built their pyramids in the middle of their cities. That was unlike the Egyptians. They made their pyramids far away from urban areas.

I Learned This! Main Topic

1 This passage is mainly about

.

a the similarities between Egyptian and Mayan pyramids b the ways that people built pyramids in the past c pyramids built by the Mayans and Aztecs Big Question

2 Are there pyramids only in Egypt?

→ No, the and the The Egyptians used their pyramids as Mayans and Aztecs used their pyramids for

also built pyramids. , and the services.

Unit 01 13

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Reading Comprehension Choose the correct answers. Details

1 Which of these did the Mayans make? a

b

c

2 Where did the Mayans live? a

in North America

b

in Central America

c

in South America

3 What is NOT true about the Aztecs? a b c

Their pyramids were in cities. They used their pyramids as tombs. Their pyramids looked like Mayan pyramids.

Inference

4 What can be inferred about the Mayans? a b c

They had an empire before the Aztecs did. They learned to make pyramids from the Egyptians. They ruled their empire for more than 2,000 years.

Reading Skill: Compare & Contrast

5 Complete the sentence with the best words. Mayan and Aztec pyramids look a

similar to

b

different from

each other. c

the same as

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Reading Extension Paraphrase

1 Fill in the blanks by using the given words.

The Egyptians built many pyramids thousands of years ago. But the in Central America also built pyramids. Their pyramids had on them. And priests performed ceremonies on them. El Castillo at Chichen Itza is a famous Mayan pyramid. The

in Mexico made pyramids, too. Their pyramids Mayan ones. The Aztecs built their pyramids in centers. Aztecs

religious

Mayans

urban

resembled

steps

My Opinion

2 Read and answer the questions. Then, talk with your partner.

Q1 What did you learn about pyramids by reading the passage? David I learned that the Mayan pyramids were built later than the Egyptian pyramids.

Me I learned that

.

Q2 Between the Egyptian and Mayan pyramids, which do you want to visit? Why?

David

Me

I want to visit the Mayan pyramids because I can climb up them.

I want to . Unit 01 15

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Reading for Fostering English Skills & Academic Curiosity

WORKBOOK

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UNIT

01

Are There Pyramids Only in Egypt?

Read and choose the correct words.

remains tomb

rule unlike

service urban

a special ceremony different from related to a city to have power over other people a place where a dead person is buried parts of something that existed a long time ago

Circle and write the correct word for each blank.

ruled

Dinosaurs once

the Earth.

( ruled / remains )

My younger brother is

the rest of my family. ( remains / unlike )

The Taj Mahal is a

for an ancient king and queen. ( ruled / tomb )

The

of dinosaurs became fossils. ( tomb / remains )

The subway is faster than cars in

areas. ( urban / service ) Unit 01

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Unscramble the sentences. the Egyptians / many / built / Thousands / ago, / of years / pyramids / . their pyramids / religious / for / services / They / used / . used / tombs / They / their pyramids / as / . empire / Mexico / in / The Aztecs / great / a / had / . Mayan / Their / resembled / pyramids / ones / .

Choose the best words to make the sentences have the same meaning. The Egyptians were not the only people who built pyramids. ⇢ People other than the Egyptians also

never built pyramids.

The Mayans used their pyramids for religious services. ⇢ The Mayan pyramids were built for religious priests

ceremonies .

The Aztec pyramids resembled Mayan ones. ⇢ The Aztec pyramids were similar to different from Mayan ones. The Egyptians made their pyramids far away from urban areas. ⇢ The Egyptian pyramids were built far from cities

countryside .

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Reading for Fostering English Skills & Academic Curiosity

is a three-level reading series designed for intermediate learners of English. This series aims to help students develop their abilities to read and understand the features of nonfiction texts. As students’ reading abilities grow, the importance of reading expository texts becomes greater and greater. However, expository texts are more challenging to understand because they include new concepts and content-specific vocabulary. To help students become familiar with expository texts in an easier and more interesting way, Big Questions series focuses on answering questions on topics that students want to know more about, including science, history, and social studies. By reading the articles and finding the answers to these questions, students will learn how to process information in texts and will develop their knowledge of various topics as well as their English language skills.

Features

2 2

• Familiar topics that are related to school subjects • Articles with interesting contents and big questions that make students curious • Prepare to Read section for building background knowledge • Useful and academic vocabulary • Strong visual aids such as pictures, charts, and maps to help students understand the

nonfiction texts better

• Comprehension questions, including reading skill exercises • Summarizing and paraphrasing exercises to help students respond to the texts

Components Student Book / Workbook / Audio CD Downloadable Resources: www.clueandkey.com

ISBN 978-89-6884-632-8 978-89-6884-630-4(SET)

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