GEM JOURNAL the Fantasy gift Edition
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Editorial
Lifestyle
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HERITAGE
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Spotlight
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TravelLing
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INVESTMENT
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Feature
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Editorial Dear gemstone lovers, just as the future takes shape in our dreams and hopes, the past lives on in our memories. Or rather, as the New York writer Paul Auster put it: “Memory is the space in which a thing happens for a second time.” Yet memories fade. And when the time has come and we are no more, no-one will recall what it was that meant something to us, made us feel sad or shaped us. Unless, of course, we pass on
our memories to the next generation: in the form of narratives, photographs or video recordings. Or in the form of some object. For example a hand-made locket, adorned with precious gemstones, self-designed on a journey to IdarOberstein. A voyage of discovery to the German gemstone capital, itself a cherished memory: the sparkle of the gems, the tranquillity of Nature, the enjoyment of wonderful food, the fulfilment of previously unsuspected longings –
all of it captured in the locket for future generations too. And preserved for eternity. I don’t want to tell you any more than that at this point. Simply read on – and join me on this voyage of discovery. Sparkling greetings
Constantin Wild
IMPRINT Publisher: W. Constantin Wild & Co, Proprietor Constantin Wild eK • Hauptstrasse 103 • 55743 Idar-Oberstein, Germany • Tel.: +49 6781-9450-0 • e-mail: gemjournal@constantinwild.com • Editorial office: Andrea Oechsler; Mandelkern Marketing & Kommunikation GmbH • Art Direction: Stefan Lohmeyer; Forty Two: Design GbR. Translation: Gareth Bartley • Print: Nikolaus Bastian Druck und Verlag GmbH. Picture credits on page 30. The Gem Journal has been compiled to the best of our knowledge. Errors and omissions excepted. Copyright: © 2016. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised without the permission of the publisher.
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Lifestyle
A HIGH-CARAT JOURNEY Pictures of experiences from days gone by. Pictures that will never fade. Everyone is familiar with those precious memories we carry in our hearts. Memories that give us even more pleasure when they can be shared and passed on down from one generation to the next. In narratives, anecdotes, images. Or in the form of a custom locket with hand-picked coloured gemstones from Constantin Wild, self-designed on a highcarat journey to the gemstone capital of Germany. A long-awaited rendezvous “I want to be a part of it: New York, New York” was what Frank Sinatra once sang. We’re a little further on than that, because we already are ‘a part of it’. We’re in the city that never sleeps or, to be more exact, up in the noble BG Restaurant on the 7th floor of the luxury department store Bergdorf Goodman on Fifth Avenue. Two ladies are just coming through the door: Marilyn Pape and her daughter Shelley Bennet. They’re here for a meeting with the jewellery designer Monica Rich Kosann – not just to enjoy an elegant lunch, but also to take delivery of an item of jewellery. Unusual meeting-place? Well, we’re talking about a pretty unu-
sual piece of jewellery here: a custom-made locket, studded with sparkling gemstones, designed by mother and daughter themselves together with the abovementioned designer and the gemstone expert Constantin Wild during a three-day journey to Idar-Oberstein. It was Neiman Marcus’ ‘fantasy gifts’ that made this possible: every year for almost 90 years now, this luxury department store chain from Texas has brought out its ‘Christmas book’ with some truly fabulous ideas for gifts. ‘Truly fabulous’ is also a fair description of the three days in the German ‘gemstone capital’, days both mother and daughter will hold in fond memory. We join them in doing so – and set out on our highcarat journey.
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Lifestyle
On the German Gemstone Route A smooth journey “Welcome to Frankfurt Airport. We wish you a pleasant stay.” Tired, Marilyn and Shelley step off the plane in Frankfurt. Out in front of the terminal there’s a black van waiting to take them on a fast, comfortable ride to Idar-Oberstein. Shelley lets herself sink down deep into the leather seating and watches the silhouette of Frankfurt slide past. And asks herself what she actually knows about this city. That its airport is the third largest in Europe? That its stock exchange is the most important in the whole of Germany? That Frankfurt has the only ‘genuine’ skyline in Germany? One way or another, ‘Mainhattan’, as Frankfurt is nicknamed – and not without good reason – certainly makes a deep impression on mother and daughter. With the glass facades of the high-rise buildings still glittering in the sun in the rear-view
mirror, endless lush green fields are already appearing on the horizon. Next stop: IdarOberstein! Anyone who wants to visit this town on the River Nahe first has to cross the slate hills of the Hunsrück. Here, a gate opens on a world full of legend. For this low mountain range is not only famous on account of its venerable age. In between the crags and stones there are also exciting tales of brigands and bandits like the notorious Schinderhannes. Just one more bend – and then the roofs of Idar-Oberstein and in particular the famous Church in the Rock are in view. Against the backdrop of blue sky, the church, built into a niche in the rock and only accessible via a tunnel hewn into that rock, towers majestically above the houses of the town like some special jewel on a pearl necklace. But however beautiful this view is, Marilyn and Shelley are looking forward even more to the ‘genuine’ jewels they’re going to be shown tomorrow.
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Lifestyle
Idar-Oberstein The source of beauty After a refreshing night at the luxurious BollAnts Spa Hotel, Marilyn and Shelley arrive at Constantin Wild’s gemstone workshop together with Monica Rich Kosann. Here, the three ladies are given an introduction to the world of gemstones. On a brief tour of the coloured gemstone expert’s cellar and workshop they learn everything worth knowing about the mining, cutting and polishing of these wonderful treasures. With heads spinning and tummies rumbling, it’s time for a lunch break! The little group is drawn to the nearby Parkhotel, renowned not only for its breathtaking atmosphere, but also on account of its excellent kitchens. And the spiessbraten that comes out of those kitchens is at least as famous as the gemstones of the region! Naturally enough, Marilyn and Shelley try out this typical re-
gional dish – and they’re thrilled! Now that they’re fortified, the tour can continue: the next item on the agenda is a visit to the German Gemstone Museum. The very exterior of the museum, housed in a jugendstil villa, takes their breath away. On three floors, it provides a home to all the gemstones of this world. On the ground floor, domestic stones such as agates and quartzes can be admired. Museum director Anette Fuhr herself regales her guests with stories about the genesis and traditional processing of these colourful minerals, which were discovered in the nearby Steinkaulenberg centuries ago and mined there: tradition has it that it took a gemstone prospector a year to dig even a metre into the hillside and extract the exquisite stones from the earth. Secretly, Marilyn and Shelley hope that their locket won’t take quite as long as that ...
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Lifestyle
GEM ROOM The perfect locket At last the time has come. Equipped with some useful background knowledge, Marilyn and Shelley enter Constantin Wild’s gem room to redeem their fantasy gift. The two of them are happy about the selection of the right gemstone for the locket. And they’ve got a pretty good idea which one it’s going to be. On yesterday’s tour of the workshop they were particularly struck by an oval cuprian tourmaline in magenta and shocking pink from the paraiba tourmaline mine in Mozambique. It’s not just the intensely radiant colour, for which the stone has the trace element copper to thank, that appeals to mother and daughter: not just the sheer weight of the stone, some 15 carats, and not just its kinship to the world-famous paraiba tourmalines. They’re also captivated
by what Constantin Wild has told them about the tourmaline as such: that it is also regarded as the gemstone of love and friendship and is said to render them firm and long-lasting. And because Marilyn would like to bequeath the locket to her daughter Shelley one day, the issue is swiftly resolved: the tourmaline will form the heart of it. And as for the right frame for this exquisite item, it’s going to be embellished by a melée of Sri Lankan spinel in various shades of purple and shocking pink. That’s how the perfect locket is going to look. Now we’re back in the present, back in New York. And there it is, lying in front of them: sparkling, radiant, gorgeous. Mother and daughter are enraptured. At the end of this day, they’re taking home with them not just a sparkling treasure, but also memories of a high-carat journey – in the truest sense of the word.
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Lifestyle
The house of Constantin Wild with his Gem Room at Hauptstrasse 103 in Idar-Oberstein, Germany.
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More than just rare. More than the Big Four. Diamond, emerald, ruby and sapphire. In the world of gemstones, the famous Big Four tend to be regarded as the measure of all things. So the prices at which they change hands on the market today are correspondingly high. But investors should be prepared to look a little further: for the fact is that Mother Nature has a lot more to offer. These four treasures, for example ‌ Neon-blue power: Paraiba tourmaline An unbelievable number of facets. Radiant blue-green. The Paraiba tourmaline looks as if it is moving, as if it has come alive. And that is why it is among the world’s most valuable gemstones. The stone has the element copper to thank for its incomparable luminosity. It was not until 1987 that it appeared: first in Brazil, then later in Nigeria and Mo-
zambique. Exactly the same kind of stone on two different continents? Millions of years ago, they were still one: the super-continent of Gondwana. In the mean time, these neon-coloured tourmalines are fetching absolutely top prices. Highlight in orange: mandarin garnet The mandarin garnet has only been known in the gemstone
trade for 20 years, yet it is already a much celebrated star today. Its name speaks volumes. Gemstone lovers can draw attention to themselves with this fruity-coloured stone. Having said that, high-quality top-class stones of more than three carats are extremely rare. Both the demand and the price have increased markedly in recent years. That is why the mandarin garnet too is predestined for sparkling investments.
Yellow-green rarity: canary tourmaline Back in ancient China, yellow was regarded as the colour of the emperor, as a symbol of kudos and progress. But one kind of yellow is not necessarily the same as another. A high manganese content gives the canary tourmaline – unlike other yellow tourmalines – its lemon-yellow hue and vivacious lustre. It was not until about 15 years ago that this wonderful
stone was discovered in the East African country of Zambia. However, that spectacular find only produced a very limited number of stones. The canary tourmaline is a top-class stone. Specimens of more than one carat are extremely hard to find. The green tsar: demantoid In translation, demantoid means ‘diamond-like’. No wonder, for this rare gemstone has a refraction
and dispersion that are similar to those of “a girl’s best friend”. Around 1900, the famous Peter Carl Fabergé created magnificent items of jewellery with this sparkling green treasure, which had been discovered in his Russian homeland. True connoisseurs also hold the famous ‘horsetails’ in high esteem; inclusions which are only found in Russian specimens and thus contribute to their being regarded as particularly valuable on the market.
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HERITAGE
Heritage – Now & Then Very few people are as familiar with the market as Werner Fritsch: with more than 45 years of experience, the general manager of W. Constantin Wild & Co. looks back on the changes in the world of gemstones. In this interview, he explains what it is that has actually changed. GEM JOURNAL: Herr Fritsch, just recently you celebrated your 45year jubilee at W. Constantin Wild & Co. What do you think is the most significant difference between your work now and your work as it was when you first started? Werner Fritsch: The technological developments, definitely. When I started here we were still communicating by telegram. To-
day, the contact we have with our customers and business partners is unimaginable without e-mail, smart phones etc. But a lot has also happened in terms of the way gemstones are processed. Back then, everything was done by hand in the cutting-shop. Today, my colleagues programme state-of-the-art CNC machines to put the finishing touches to some of our products. Having
said that, with some very special stones nothing can possibly beat traditional craftsmanship. GJ: Apart from this change in the world of work, how has the status of gemstones changed in the luxury goods sector? WF: ‘Onwards and upwards’ might be a fair description. Business is no longer just a thing that
happens between ourselves and individual jewellers. Meanwhile it’s truer to say that there are large corporate groups serving increasing demand in a market that is becoming ever larger and ever more international. GJ: : Talking of international: IdarOberstein has been, and continues to be, one of the major gemstone centres. Does the world continue
to look to Idar-Oberstein, in spite of the fact that the market is changing, when it’s a question of the newest trends? WF: Fashion and colour trends have changed markedly, that’s for sure. People are becoming more and more individualistic. But there are regional preferences. For example, whilst Central Europeans go for refined
understatement and classical cuts, Asians tend to invest in ostentatious, extravagant stones. Of course Idar-Oberstein continues to be important for the industry. More than ever, a feeling for global trends forms part of our work. Yet when all’s said and done, the object of desire is the same now as it was back then: a rare, sparkling, exclusive gemstone.
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HIGHLIGHTS
more than just rare COLLECTION
CHROME TOURMALINE oval, star cut chrome green East Africa
Trade name Cut Colour Origin
Tourmalines come in a wide variety of exciting colours. In fact, tourmaline has one of the widest colour ranges of any gem species, occurring in various shades of virtually every hue. Chrome tourmaline is coloured by the trace elements chromium and vanadium, the same elements that colour most emeralds. Its size and chrome green colour make it a perfect collector’s gem.
CANARY TOURMALINE oval, star cut neon yellow Zambia
Trade name Cut Colour Origin
In southern East Africa, in Zambia, a gemstone deposit with some wonderful yellow tourmalines was discovered in the autumn of 2000. The fresh, springlike yellow of these tourmalines is clear and pure and has just a very fine hint of green. It is fine traces of manganese and titanium that are responsible for the electrifying yellow colour. Canary tourmalines of more than five carats are very rare.
RED TOPAZ cushion, star cut reddish-pink Brazil
Trade name Cut Colour Origin
In 1735, some topazes found in the Ouro Preto region of Brazil were so beautiful that the epithet ‘imperial’ seemed appropriate. Today too, the most valuable stones come from here, and only they bear the name ‘imperial topaz’. Imperial topazes normally come in colours ranging from yellow-brown to orange-pink. The most sought-after specimens, however, are the very rare reddish-pink stones. This imperial topaz is one of these highly coveted gems. A one-off rarity of absolutely stunning beauty!
more than just rare COLLECTION
Trade name Cut Colour Origin
IMPERIAL TOPAZ pear-shape, star cut orange-pink-red Brazil
In 1735, some topazes found in the Ouro Preto region of Brazil were so beautiful that the epithet ‘imperial’ seemed appropriate. Imperial topazes normally come in colours ranging from yellow to orange. The most sought-after specimens, however, are the pinkish and reddish stones. This one, with its pear-shaped cut, is just such a notable gem, and comes in a lush orange-pink-red.
Trade name Cut Colour Origin
PARAIBA TOURMALINE oval, star cut neon greenish-blue Mozambique
The tourmaline family features virtually every colour of the rainbow. The extremely rare paraiba tourmaline, found first in Brazil, later in Nigeria and Mozambique, is typically a small neon blue or turquoise gem. Most tourmalines get their colour from traces of iron, manganese, chromium and vanadium, but the paraiba has traces of copper, and often manganese. This gem from Mozambique comes in a very lively neon blue.
Trade name Cut Colour Origin
TANZANITE oval, star cut violet-blue Tanzania
Tanzanite was discovered in the Mererani Hills of northern Tanzania in 1967, near the city of Arusha and Mount Kilimanjaro. Its colour is caused by small amounts of vanadium. If the mineral is heated to about 600 degrees Celsius, the oxidation state of the vanadium changes and the colour turns into that typical, intense inky blue. This gem did not require any heat treatment as it was already blue by nature. It is therefore a genuinely rare collector’s item.
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TravelLing
EAT, DREAM, LOVE – Idar-Oberstein It may be small, but what a place! In spite of its modest size, Idar-Oberstein has something to offer all tastes. With its rural charm, this little town shines out with its exclusive accommodation and invites you to take a journey back in time to the world of gemstones. Have fun discovering!
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TravelLing
SLEEP
EAT
DRINK
“Art nouveau for all ages” is what the BollAnts promises – and it already keeps that promise thanks to its breathtaking location in one of the most beautiful historical art nouveau parks. With its parkland oases, homeland lodges and comprehensive spa packages, this luxury accommodation has genuinely earned the award it received as the best wellness hotel in the Rhineland-Palatinate. Affectionate devotion to detail: that is the secret of the BollAnts!
The legendary Kaiserhof is practically just a stone’s throw from Idar-Oberstein. What could be nicer than just leaving your cares behind with a good dinner and a glass or two of fullbodied wine? True indeed: hardly anything at all! Apart from its outstanding cuisine, the Kaiserhof offers good wines from its very own vineyards – and an insight into its modern kitchen in its cooking courses.
With wines, it’s almost the same as it is with gemstones: the quality is determined by the mineral content of the soil. You can taste that on a visit to the Schäfer-Fröhlich estate, steeped in tradition. Hand-picked grape harvests are the hallmark of excellence of this winery, which has plied its trade since 1800. A pleasure highlight on the Neiman Marcus Fantasy Gift Tour; that is the unanimous opinion of Marilyn and Shelley, who tasted the noble pinot gris from 2013.
DAS BOLLANTS GmbH & Co. KG Felkestraße 100 55566 Bad Sobernheim bollants.de
Der Kaiserhof Hauptstraße 2-4 55452 Guldental kaiserhof-guldental.de
Weingut Schäfer-Fröhlich Schulstraße 6 55595 Bockenau/Nahe weingut-schaefer-froehlich.de
DREAM
SHOP
Paying a visit to the gemstone mine of the Steinkaulenberg is like embarking on a voyage of discovery through a fascinating world full of lustre and treasures. The only gemstone mine in Europe which offers access to visitors is home to native gemstones such as agates and rock crystals. Well informed specialists whisk discoverers off down to a fairytale cave and inspire them with stories about the genesis of the stones. An unforgettable experience for adults and children alike.
Aesthetics is a big word in IdarOberstein. Like a gemstone set in an item of jewellery, adorning a wrist, neck or pair of ears, a suitable frame shows a painting at its best. The Kunsthaus Gerwert delights its customers with frames built to suit their individual needs. But the picture framers have more to offer: browse the changing exhibitions of art and furniture – or hear the company history over some coffee and cake in the garden café.
Edelsteinmine Steinkaulenberg Im Stäbel 55743 Idar-Oberstein edelsteinminen-idar-oberstein.de
KUNSTHAUS Gerwert Hauptstraße 135 55743 Idar-Oberstein kunsthaus-gerwert.de
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INVESTMENT
Rocks & papers: “Trust, but verify!”
Did a certain diamond grow naturally or was it created in a laboratory? Has a ruby been subjected to treatment but not declared as such? Did an allegedly famous Kashmir sapphire actually come from Sri Lanka? Gemstone reports deliver answers to these questions – and thus give purchasers more assurance. Constantin Wild and Dr. Claudio Milisenda talk here about papers that bring the inner values of rocks out into the open. Gemstones are rare. And they share the fate of all natural resources: their supplies are finite. “It’s becoming more and more difficult to find highvalue stones. Many deposits have already been exhausted”, explains Constantin Wild. “At the same time, demand is increasing, which is pushing prices up – and creating an incentive for fraudsters to subject gemstones to treatments in order to improve their quality. Or indeed to fake them completely. And the techniques they use are getting more and more refined. So for a layman today, it is quite impossible to determine whether a stone is genuine or a fake”, says Wild, who runs the family enterprise, representing the fourth generation of that family in doing so. And that is where the gemmological laboratories and institutes come in: with stateof-the-art instruments and well founded expert knowledge, they
examine and classify gemstones. The results are recorded in socalled gemstone reports. Dr. Claudio Milisenda knows exactly what these gemstone reports contain. The mineralogist is director of the DSEF (German Gem Lab) in IdarOberstein, one of the most renowned institutes of gemstone research and classification. “Most importantly, let me say first that in our reports we do not make any statements about the pecuniary value of a given stone – we simply publish scientific findings”, emphasises Dr. Milisenda. “First, completely objective criteria such as size, weight, shape and cut are recorded. Things get a little more difficult when it comes to determining the type of stone, the country of origin and the methods with which the stone may or may not have been treated. Here, we compare the stone in
question with samples that we have either collected ourselves in the countries concerned or which have been made available to us by trustworthy dealers. Our location, at the very hub of the German gemstone industry, naturally gives us a clear advantage.” Every year, the DSEF draws up thousands of gemstone reports: just as much for dealers as for private individuals. “Today, you simply can’t sell high-value gemstones any more without an accompanying document of this kind”, says Wild, who specialises in especially rare stones. “That is why it is important to me as a reputable merchant to have neutral, independent examination reports drawn up – and thus to give my customers the assurance that they are actually getting what they have bought.”
DSEF – German Gem Lab Founded in 1969 by the German Gemmological Association Managing director: Dr. Claudio C. Milisenda Prof.-Schlossmacher-Str. 1, 55743 Idar-Oberstein, Germany Tel.: +49 6781-5084-14, E-mail: gemlab@dgemg.com Internet: www.dsef.de Unique characteristics: specialists in coloured gemstones, very large collection of reference material
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Spotlight
Paraiba a gemstone name with a magical ring to it The colour range of this gemstone, from sea green to turquoise blue, evokes dreams of summer, holidays, remote Caribbean beaches and pure relaxation. But it can do a lot more than that. The gemstone, originally only found in a few mines in the federal Brazilian state of Paraíba, is not only rare and precious, but also incomparably colourful and vivacious. It is the most valuable variety among the tourmalines, a group of gemstones consisting of mixed crystals, in which, for a long time, practically all the colours of the rainbow were represented except for a pure, radiant turquoise blue. Until the end of the 1980s, that is, when the gemstone pioneer Heitor Dimas Barbosa finally fulfilled his dream
of discovering a ‘really special gemstone’ in the federal state of Paraíba: in a tunnel of the ‘Paraíba hill’, later to become a legend in its own right, the first tourmaline crystals came to light in hues of a unique intensity, from emerald green to turquoise blue. It is the element copper that produces these hues with their neon shine. The paraiba tourmaline also contains manganese, and it is the interplay of these two elements that creates its colour range. Copper, in a high concentration, evokes
the coveted blue, turquoise and green tones, whilst manganese brings out fine hues from red to violet. The gemstone industry takes advantage of this ‘division of labour’ between the elements: with the standard commercial heat treatment process, the reddish colour component in the raw stones can be eliminated, so that only the pure copper colour appears. Having said that, some of the red to violet nuances are so wonderful that they do in fact come on offer as special rarities – to the delight of true connoisseurs.
It is not until after a paraiba tourmaline has been cut that the extraordinary vivacity in its colour is revealed. If faceted perfectly, this gemstone seems positively to bubble over with brightness. In no time at all, it became one of the world’s most valuable gemstones. Sadly, hardly any large raw crystals have ever been found, either in the first deposit – completely exhausted meanwhile – or in the nearby gemstone mines worked later on. That is the reason why relatively large specimens have such a high profile in the trade.
Meanwhile, however, the paraiba story has found an unexpected sequel in Africa. For several years now, cupreous tourmalines in the typical ‘paraiba colours’ with their intense radiance have also been coming from Nigeria and Mozambique. They too get their beautiful colours from the interplay of copper and manganese; their chemical composition is identical to that of the Paraíba stones. For this reason, no distinction is any longer made in the trade as to whether a paraiba tourmaline comes from one of the mines in Paraíba
or from Nigeria or Mozambique. This valuable gemstone, by the way, is also of interest as a witness of the continental drift. At the time when, some 300 million years ago, the gemstones were formed in the interior of our Earth, what is now South America was still nestling in close to the African continent, almost like a piece in a jigsaw puzzle. Slowly, the continents drifted further and further apart – and with them, the birthplaces of these wonderful gemstones.
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Feature
MONICA RICH KOSANN MEETS CONSTANTIN WILD Precious lockets, necklaces and charm bracelets by Monica Rich Kosann stand for timeless classicism and individuality. When it comes to selecting the right gemstones, the jewellery designer knows she can count on the expertise and practised eye of Constantin Wild. The love of her life: art, photography and design
eternalise special photographs or personal messages.
Born in New York, Monica Rich Kosann already felt enthusiastic about photography as a child: even when posing for pictures in her early years she was really more interested in what was going on behind the camera. So it is no great surprise that she herself became a photographer when she had finished her studies. And it was her black-and-white portraits that inspired her to create lockets and charm bracelets, to
Fruits of success In 2008, Monica Rich Kosann opened a boutique of her own in New York. Two years later she won the Rising Star Award for Fine Jewelry, and since then she has been a member of the Council of Fashion Designers of America. Today, with a list of international customers including many stars and starlets, she is one of the celebrities among the jewellery design-
ers. She is especially well known for her lockets. “A locket captures a moment unique to each of us”, she says. She feels her lockets should tell the personal stories of the women who wear them – and aren’t such stories just that little bit more enigmatic when they’re garnished with colourful gemstones? Perfect locket meets perfect gemstone When it comes to colourful gemstones, there’s no better address than Constantin Wild’s. That was
also true in the case of the custom locket that Monica Rich Kosann designed as a ‘fantasy gift’ for Marilyn Pape and Shelley Bennet. Framed by a melée of Sri Lankan spinel in various shades of purple and shocking pink, a 15-carat cuprian tourmaline from W. Constantin Wild & Co. in magenta and shocking pink forms the heart of the gold-coloured locket. On a link chain, also golden, this exclusive jewellery item adorns the neck of the woman who wears it – and it will always put her in mind of a very special moment.
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Picture credits: BollAnts, p. 22 (left) • Jürgen u. Hiltrud Cullmann, p. 1, 3 (Paraiba), 10 (Cuprian Tourmaline), 14 - 15, 18 - 19, 25 (Paraiba), 26 - 27 (Paraiba gemstones), 31 (Paraiba) • DSEF, p. 25 (House) • Edelsteinmine Steinkaulenberg, p. 23 (left) • Fotolia, p. 3, 4-5 (© rabbit75_fot, New York, Central Park) • Kunsthaus Gerwert, p. 23 (middle) • Martin Glauner, p. 31 (middle) • Kaiserhof, p. 22 (middle, © Jan Lauer Photography) • Monica Rich Kosann, p. 3, 11, 28, 29 (Portrait M.R. Kosann, Necklaces & Bracelets photos) • Weingut Schäfer-Fröhlich, p. 22 (right) • Stefan Lohmeyer, p. 20 - 23 (landscape) 31 (top), 32 (top) • Neiman Marcus, p. 11, 29 (Magazine cover/page) • Alessandro Milisenda, p. 25 (top) • Heike Rost, p. 3, 31 (C. Wild Portrait), 4 - 5, 16 - 17 • Constantin Wild, p. 8 - 9, 10 - 11, 12 - 13, 16 (Portrait), 26 (Paraiba rough), 31 (bottom), 32 (middle, bottom) Text credits: Ursel Haggeney, p. 26 - 27 (Spotlight: Paraiba – a gemstone name with a magical ring to it)
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