School Edition Sept 2016 by CP School Edition

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Edition SEPT 2016

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AHA

& Kes SA Kaj m/s 3 8-42 ian

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FEATURES

Did You Know Malaysians Achieved This?

how things work how doES FRYING work?

You’ll never look at fried chicken the same way again as we explore the complex chemical reactions that go into creating the distinctive crispy outsides and juicy insides.

KES KAJIAN - SEJARAH

TAMADUN YUNANI DAN ASAL-USUL SUKAN OLIMPIK

Kenalilah asal-usul sukan antarabangsa ini yang diadakan pada kali pertamanya hampir tiga ribu tahun dahulu.

Case StudY – Science BIOREMEDIATION

Microbes are known as nature’s self-cleaning mechanism. Here we discover how they can be used to clean up oil spills.

Case Study - Business LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION!

In this case study, we analyse the factors that should be taken into consideration when deciding on a suitable location for a business.

Case Study – English

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE VICTORIAN ERA

Here, we dissect some of the interesting facts about the era in which the novel Wuthering Heights was set.

Case Study – IT ECOMMERCE AND ONLINE SHOPPING

This case study takes us through some of the steps of setting up an online store.

Case Study – Global perspectiveS CHILD LABOUR

Find out about more on the prevalence of child labour around the world, including Malaysia. 2

CONTENTS

feature

Malaysia Boleh! is more than just a chant. Here we bring you five astounding accomplishments of young Malaysians.

SCHOOL ED

COVER STORY

It May Not Be Much, But It Is Home

As Malaysia Day draws close, four young Malaysians share their personal views on what makes them feel alienated in their own home, and what are some of the things that reassure them of the beauty of simply being Malaysian.

SIGHTS & INSIGHTS FROM THE EDITOR

takenote

SEPTEMBER 2016

FROM THE EDITOR

EDITORIAL

THE TEAM Mac Sivanesan

Publisher

MAC@CMR.MY

Editorial Director

Subashini Nair

Deputy Editor

Geetha Bai

Writers

Eusoff Andrei

geetha@cMR.my

Nur Amira Nazeha Abd Aziz

MIRA@cMR.my

Christopher Yee Seng Hong

chris@cMR.my

Nadhirah Rafidz

Contributors General

Editorial

CREATIVE

NEWSDESK@CMR.MY

Art Director

Suzanne Chuah

Senior Graphic Designer

Lam Jian Wei

Junior Graphic Designer

Ahmad Faidhi

Visual & DI

Kamil Haziq

ZANNE@CMR.MY

jw@cMR.my

CORPORATE

HAZIQ@CMR.MY

Corporate Communications

Nancy P

Events Managers

Jeyasekhar M

Haziq Hilman

SPONSORS

nancy@CMR.MY

jeya@CMR.MY

HILMAN@CMR.MY

Marketing & B.D Manager

Arwin Muruga ARWIN@CMR.My

For sponsorships, please send proposals to events@cmr.my Published by: Campus Media Resources Sdn Bhd (810574-K) D2-02-01, Blk D2, Pusat Perdagangan Dana 1, Jalan PJU 1A/46, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor D.E. Tel: +603-78426688 Fax: +603-78426689 E-mail: mail@cmr.my

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SCHOOL ED

I have conveniently left out my age here. As they say, it’s only a number and one can feel as young as they want at heart. Speaking of age, Malaysia will be 53 years old on September 16. What better way to celebrate 53 years of harmony than to celebrate our differences. It is on this day we came together to embrace our different cultures and traditions to foster the true spirit of “Muhibbah” amongst the citizens of Malaysia. However, wouldn’t it be nice to be identified as a Malaysian instead of a Malay, Chinese or an Indian? Is it so important to segregate Malaysians into ethnic groups? While the country has grown and its citizens matured into an empowered community, there’s still plenty to do to stay united as a nation. We can all make a difference and we should, for the sake of our country. Despite our differences, we all long for the same things – unity, harmony, prosperity and peace. Read our cover story on page 14 on how differences can actually bring people together, as it makes us stronger and more resilient. So stay empowered and stay united!

FAIDHI@CMR.MY

Name: Subashini Nair Race: Malaysian Age:

SUBA@cMR.my

eusoff@cMR.my

Follow us on: <Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/campusplus> <Twitter: http:// twitter.com/campusplustweet > <Instagram: http://instagram.com/campusplus> <www.campusplus.com.my>

Happy Malaysia Day!

Sub

NEWS

SEPT 2016

Stay safe with DIGI Family Safety App Digi Telecommunications Sdn Bhd stepped up to restate their devotion in protecting their customerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s digital privacy against security breaches with the launch of Digi Family Safety app and #SafeWeb4Kids workbook. This app provides customers with easy location and parental control. Some key features include Family Location, Geo-fencing, Notifications and Panic Alert. In collaboration with Protect & Save the Children, Digi also launched an online safety workbook as a learning tool to guide school children on online safety.

First-hand experience with JPAMâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Ops Bantu A total of 22 Diploma in Paramedical Science students from Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences had the opportunity to participate in the nationwide emergency response operations OPS Bantu, with the Malaysian Civil Defence Department (Jabatan Pertahanan Awam Malaysia, JPAM) during the Eid Festival. This programme was a part of their university-industrial training module that aims to expose students to life as a paramedic and prepare them for real-life challenges that come with the job. In the nine day operation, students were able to take part in cases such as road accidents and other emergencies.

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Igniting passion towards STEM FIelds The 4th Applied Science Week was organised by UCSI University’s (UCSI) Faculty of Applied Sciences (FOAS) to showcase students’ innovation in hope to reignite enthusiasm towards the field of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). Higher Education Deputy Minister Datuk Mary Yap Kain Ching and UCSI’s Institute of Creative Art and Design Academic Affairs and International Director and Deputy Vice-Chancellor Professor Dato’ Dr Ahmad Hj. Zainuddin were present to witness ‘The Science, The Experience & U’ themed event.

NEWS

Malaysia’s fIrst e-Sports event! DotA fans, rejoice! Malaysia is finally joining the rest of the world on the front of professional E-Sports, and it is glorious. The first ever ESL One tournament will be held at Resorts World Genting, from 6th to 8th January 2017, and is a DotA 2 tournament with a total of USD250,000 prize money. The event will gather some of the world’s best video gaming teams to compete against each other, and promises to be a massive event. If this turns out to be a success, ESL and Resort World Genting will even consider moving to other competitive games, such as Starcraft.

The Ghostbusters Adventure Live! The first Ghostbusters attraction in the world was unveiled at Sunway Lagoon Lynton V. Harris Scream Park following the launch of the movie. The main highlight of the attraction-visitors can interact with live actors who play the parts of ‘Ghostbusters’ and ‘Ghosts’. This attraction occupies the entire top level of Scream Park where visitors will take a 20-minute journey through the spooky locations that were recreated based on the newly released iconic movie. The Ghostbusters Adventure Live opens from 11am to 6pm daily at Sunway Lagoon Scream Park.

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Get Your Passport Now! The all-new Sunway Lagoon Passport is now known as the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Passport to the Best Day Everâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. Launched on the 5th of August at Sunway Putra Mall, Kuala Lumpur, the all-new annual pass for Sunway Lagoon is a gateway to a host of discounts and privileges such as discounts for lockers, tubes, pay per rides, merchandise, at food and beverage outlets within the park, and in-house events. Holders also gain priority entry during peak periods and will be notified of the latest happenings, perks, and updates. The passport also leverages on Sunway PALS and holders are automatically signed up as PALS members. To purchase yours online, head on over to www.sunwaylagoon.com.

LETTERS

SEPT 2016

for Counsellors Scholarship Fund, it would mean that international students who are applying to HKU for any course are welcome to apply. Although the scholarship may not cover the full tuition fees, depending on the students’ academic merit, there may be possibilities of students receiving full scholarships with an additional amount from HKU. There was an MoU between HKSAR and Malaysia signed in 2015. This means that Malaysian students can benefit from this too. For those interested to submit your application, please visit: www.edb.gov.hk.

With our tour gu

ide in the medic

left: Jia Bau (Engineering), are studying in HKU. From With my ex-students who ram USM-HKU) prog ge han (exc Yee Pooi Seong (Physics) and Jing

al library

Giving a small token of appreciation from SMK(L) Methodist to Prof. Spinks for the opportunity to witness how a top university functions

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BY: Madam Swit Peng Gan, SMK(L) Methodist KL, Senior Assistant (Form 6)

History Wall of the Medicine Faculty. The medical faculty is the first faculty in HKU

BY: Megat Adilfayed Khairuddin

ndergraduate Admissions and International Student Exchange Director Professor John Spinks welcomed students from around the world to join The University of Hong Kong (HKU) Taster Days for Counsellors. It was held from the 22nd to 24th of March 2016. The delegates were taken on a very stimulating tour of HKU. It was highlighted that HKU graduates achieved almost full employment, with an average employment rate of 99.7% the last decade, statistics Prof. Spinks claimed to be “probably the best in the world”. I was grateful for the opportunity of catching up with some of the former students from SMK (L) Methodist, Kuala Lumpur who are now on full scholarships in HKU. They are Kuan Jia Bau, second year engineering student, Chong Pooi Seong who is a first year Physics student, and Choo Jing Yee who is a second year exchange programme student from USM. Needless to say, I am happy to see my students have settled well and highly spoken of by Prof. Spinks. With the China Government establishing the HK$1 billion HKSAR Government

WEIRDWACKYWORLD

www WHO KNOWS WHOSE NOSE GROWS THE MOST?

SEPT 2016

GET RICH QUICK BY BEING SLOW To many, the speed limit is more of a guideline than a law (except for when there are cameras around), and many see the speed limit as something meant to be broken, or ignored completely. However, what if you actually had an incentive to slow down and obey the speed limit? In Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, an initiative has been implemented to help slow down speedy drivers. Dubbed the Speed Camera Lottery, the machine, like any other ticketing camera machine, will ticket you should you go over the speed limit. However, it will also notice when you go under it, and, will enter your name into a raffle to win money. The best part? The prize is paid using the fines paid by those who went over the limit in the first place. The idea was submitted by Kevin Richardson of U.S.A. as an idea in the Volkswagon Fun Theory Contest. Seeing its potential genius, Volkswagon decided to implement it in Stockholm. The average speed of cars passing the camera has been reported to have dropped from 32km/h to 25km/h after its implementation.

If there is ever a club that would make Hewho-must-not-be-named jealous, it would be this one. Known as the “Big Nose Club”, the idea began when a group of hops growers and the town minister sat down at a pub and started making fun of each other’s noses. After that, Max Teichart and Wilhelm Höfler decided the seemingly ludicrous idea should be a reality, and the rest was history. As long as your nose was at least 60mm long or 40mm wide, you could join this esteemed club of enormous noses. Every five years, the club even hosts a Big Nose World Championship, drawing participants of all walks of life to contest the size of their noses. The current male title holder of “Largest Nose” has a nearly five-inch long nose, while the female title holder has one over four inches in length.

We are all familiar with stories like Tarzan and The Jungle Book, and at some point in our lives, have probably wondered what it would be like to live in the wild, being brought up by members of the animal kingdom, completely isolated from modern society. This is exactly what happened to Oxana Malaya, a Ukranian child that was abandoned by her alcoholic parents. Left out by herself, she was found and raised by a pack of dogs. Despite being a normal child at birth, by the time she was found by authorities, she was seven and a half years old, didn’t know how to speak any human languages, and acted entirely like a dog – running on all fours, barking, and even cleaning herself like a dog. After being admitted to a foster home for mentally disabled children, she has since been rehabilitated, and is able to speak fluently and intelligently, but still remains somewhat intellectually impaired.

TRAVELLING AT THE SPEED OF LIGHT

In a standard Formula 1 race, contestants are able to travel at astonishing speeds of over 350 km/h, reaching breakneck speeds in less than a minute. However, there is another, totally different kind of race that exists in the world – one that moves at a much, much, much slower pace, and at a much smaller scale. Welcome to the world of snail racing, a sport held annually in West Norfolk, England. In this race, snails will be placed in a 13 inch ring, consisting of three circles. The first snail to reach the outermost ring wins. At the sound of “Ready, Steady, Slow!”, the snails will start crawling (not necessarily to the finish line) slowly and with determination (at least, that’s what it looks like). Most of the slimy contestants come from backyards, and some have even been put into ‘training’ by their human benefactors – letting them climb up window panes, and even adding weights to them by tying Lego blocks to the shells to make them stronger.

It M Mu COVER STORY

hey say that the world is split into two types of people: those who always see the grass greener on the other side and those who see grass greener when it’s watered. With Malaysia Day upon us, we are reminded of the diversity in Malaysia in terms of culture, food, religious beliefs, and many other aspects. However, as we are all aware, things may not be quite as simple as that. There will be, as we find from time to time, those who will go out of their way simply to point out our ‘flaws’ and make us feel unwelcome in our own country. With this in mind, we went out and spoke to four Malaysians on what makes them feel alienated as Malaysians but assures them of the beauty of this country and its people at the end of the day.

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Farah Qhairunnisa

At some time in the past, while I was waiting for the train to arrive, late (as usual) and it was blazing hot, there was an Indian lady who came and sat next to me. After some time of fidgeting and constantly fanning myself while smiling at the lady, being the nosy me, I couldn’t help myself blurting lame comments about the weather and asking where she was going, and I’m instantly glad that I spoke to her. Who would have known that a simple ‘it’s very hot isn’t it’ turned into a simple chat and although there’s an obvious age gap, we shared the same thoughts about the topics that we blabbered about. The chat went on for 15 minutes and somehow, it made me feel good and warm on the inside to just talk freely with

her, and after exchanging names we separated with a warm goodbye. Frankly speaking, I didn’t regret the first approach and surprisingly, the small talk with a stranger named Aunty Shanta even made me forget about the scorching hot sun and the overdue train. Now these small and simple things are the things that make me feel different, in a way that it helps me see things in a different light; to be able to have a secure feeling of not having to be so ‘claustrophobic’ in public due to the people around me. Growing up in an already mixed and colourful environment, I am forever thankful for the variety of street food, clothes, and practices that would not even exist in Malaysia if it’s not for the different races. On top of that, it makes me feel different knowing how I treasure my Chinese best

friend so much that we still keep in touch for over 11 years and how my Indian friends and I would meet up in cafes, crack jokes and have a good time where the term ‘multiracial’ didn’t even cross our minds. All we think about is that we are there to hang out, gossip, laugh and catch up with each other. In short, we have fun together. In a nutshell, I love the fact that I can always be me but still respectful, feeling secure, having the best time of my life and creating memories together even with my non-Malay friends and strangers, and these are the things that make me feel different.

Tharshanan Manoharan

Ah Malaysia. Great country, with an average economic

stability. In spite of that, we do have, in this country, what we call “a unity of races”. Malay, Chinese, Indian, to name a few. But do we actually practice this as a whole? The answer can be quite confusing. That’s because when I was growing up, I was constantly bombarded with the question, “What are you?” I don’t really blame them, or anyone in that manner, as my appearance and my name contradict each other. However, Malaysians fail to grasp the fact that mixed races do exist. Yes, we do! It’s not breaking the norm nor are we freak shows. I do feel isolated at times. Despite my looks, I am Indian by race and practice Hinduism. When I visit the temple, I get stares from my fellow worshippers. Same goes when I watch Tamil/Hindi movies at the cinema. People would just assume that

I don’t understand Tamil, and will continue passing remarks about how a Chineselooking guy is present among them. First, it’s just rude to comment on people. And second, just because I don’t look like an Indian does not mean I’m not one. Ever heard of “Chindians”? Despite all the negativity I’ve faced along the way, there have been some parts where I do feel at home. It is a fact that mixed marriages have been happening in this country for decades, and in a way, that is what makes Malaysia what it is. It gives an opportunity for all races to be in close proximity, regardless of their looks, and live in peace. Some of my close friends include Chinese and Malays, to be honest. They accept me as I am, and not who I can be. And on top of that, when it comes to festivals, we celebrate everything! Chinese

BY: THE EDITORIAL TEAM

May Not Be uch, But It Is Home

New Year, Hari Raya, Deepavali, even Christmas. Instead of competing with each other, we put aside all our differences to cherish the tradition that a certain race celebrates. At times like this, I realise, being Malaysian can be beautiful.

Nazira bte Aziz

Trust me, I am your typical conflicted Malay girl surrounded by conservative and pious Malay people. There’s nothing wrong with them being conservative, of course. However, being told to act a certain way because of my race and religion is a constant battlefield for me. I grew up with Chinese and Indian friends and I absolutely love the diversity. In so many ways, it makes me feel free to express myself the way I know how. I remember being shunned because I mingled with classmates of other races. Although the insults never came (at least not to my face), they looked at me differently and it felt like there was always a wall in front of them when I tried to communicate. However, some are just heaven to be with thanks to their understanding that we are not moulded from the same clay. Though I respect traditions, I do not believe that I should limit myself to just one way of life. I had my share of fights if I’m being completely honest. Once, I got into an

argument with my Indian classmates, and don’t ask me how, but I could suddenly speak fluent (and made up) Tamil just for the sake of arguing (pardon my immaturity). The next day we were waving at each other during lunch. See folks, emotions although important can also be the accelerant in a fight and petty things are not worth the peace we’ve been trying so hard to keep. I’m also the kid who sat at the back of the class and slept during history classes because I know I can count on my desk partner and my fellow multiracial classmates to kick the table whenever the teacher approached. Given, they did it because they think it’s funny but still - we were together as one (cue the HSM song). It baffles me how in this constantly evolving world, some people are still dividing themselves based on skin colour and the language we speak because for me it’s simple, I look at each and every one of us as humans trying our best to live a life we’re proud of. So, I was asked what makes me feel different and my answer is everything, but I don’t see it as a negativity or a reason to beat myself up. We are all different and believe it or not, that is what makes us similar.

Ryan Augustine Lee

Despite having attended a Chinese primary school for six years, my Mandarin is monumentally bad, but I know enough to not be considered a total banana (yellow outside, white inside). With English as my first language, I’ve always found it easier to read, write and converse with it. My family has tried pushing me to continue my studies in Mandarin even throughout my secondary school years with in-school Chinese extra class (it was a ‘Kebangsaan’ school),

where I kind of felt like a constantly lost bird who wandered into class without meaning to. But I guess it all turned out well – I got a C in SPM. I have no idea how, but I’m not going to question it. Despite me still being able to talk to my friends in Mandarin, it sometimes feels as if I’m from an entirely different culture – different choices in music, different movies, different literature, and even a widely different taste in computer games. It’s quite hard to talk to them coz all they’re into is DotA 2. The only things some of us had in common were our tastes in anime, but even then, we couldn’t watch the shows together because they insisted on having Chinese subtitles, and I’d need to pause every two seconds to read through the complex characters. In our group of friends, we were kind of split into the slightly more banana group and the more Chinese group, and usually had our own topics of discussion, and only convened to talk about stuff we can all relate to together. This has also created interesting problems when we go out for outings, especially when we head for karaoke sessions. The more banana-oriented members of the group will always be at odds with the more

oriental members while deciding what songs to choose, and we’d have to reach a compromise. We’d get to play a few English songs in succession, and then comes the Chinese tunes, and vice versa. And frankly I think it’s better for our throats. We get to rest a bit after our turns. *Laughs* However, despite our obvious differences, I still find comfort in the fact that we’re friends and family, and we’re still able to go out and have fun together, and to not take our differences too seriously. SE

FEATURE

SEPT 2016

alaysia is a multi-cultural nation with awesome food, great beaches and did you know the KLCC twin t-”. Yes, we’re proud of these achievements but many of us do wonder “What else have Malaysians achieved?”

BY: NADHIRAH RAFIDZ

Upcoming artist, Ajim Juxta, an architecture graduate from UiTM made history by being the first Malaysian to win the Young Art Award at the Young Art Taipei 2016 art fair for his piece; Arcology: Convergence.

Early this year, the discovery of Einstein’s Gravitational Waves rocked the scientific world. We’re bursting with pride over Hafizah Noor Isa, a 29-year-

| SCHOOL ED

old Malaysian PhD student who, along with the team of international scientists, proved Einstein’s Gravitational Waves theory.

Did you know Malaysia has a dodgeball team? The national team won silver in the male category and bronze in the female category in the World Dodgeball Championship 2015 in Las Vegas, U.S.A.

Malaysian teenager, Faye Jong Sow Fei had an asteroid named after her last year at the age of 17 by The Lincoln Laboratory Near-Earth

(LINEAR). The asteroid, officially named “31460Jongsowfei” was in honour of her project “Biowaste as EcoFriendly Materials Mordants in Fabric Dye Process” which earned her first place in the 2014 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair.

Last year, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) took part in the Cambridge’s Invarsity debating competition and emerged champions. UiTM took home the main prize for the overall competition and now ranks second in the world. SE

MUSIC

REVIEWS

MAY 2016

Six of Crows (Six of Crows #1) by Leigh Bardugo

The Harry Potter series by J.K. Rowling

If you like the movie, Ocean’s Eleven, this book is perfect for you. In the cutthroat streets of Ketterdam, criminal prodigy Kaz Brekker is planning to make it big by taking on a perilous heist with his crew of misfit thieves or die trying. This book is an epic adventure of magic, dark pasts, witty characters, action and subtle romance that should be missed out by no one.

It’s practically criminal not to have read these books. You must be thinking “Nah, I already know the story” but I assure you, you don’t even know the half of it! The movies only give a fraction of the epic experience that is The Harry Potter series and once you finish reading it, you’ll realize how David Yates’s movie adaptation pales in comparison to the books. Your life will never be the same

The Angel Experiment (Maximum Ride #1) by James Patterson

A Court of Thorns and Roses (A Court of Thorns and Roses #1) by Sarah J. Maas

This is a story of six special (and extremely sassy) children, alone and running for their lives. Homeless and desperate, all they have are each other and they will fight tooth and nail to protect one another. You will never be bored reading this book and you’ll find yourself snorting with laughter from the witty dialogue as these children fight for survival. Oh, did I mention that they have wings?

Vampires were so last decade right? Well I bear good news, the Faerie lore has blessed our shores and it ain’t no Tinkerbell. To feed her starving family, Feyre kills a beastlike wolf in the woods. As retribution, she’s held captive in the treacherous and beautiful land of the Fae by Tamlin, High Lord of the Spring Court. There, an ancient evil dwells and Feyre must find a way to stop it from consuming Tamlin’s world forever.

SCHOOL ED |

BOOK REVIEWS

SEPT 2016

Going Postal by: Terry Pratchett

Anne of Green Gables by: Lucy Maud Montgomery

The Ankh-Morpork city post office in the fictional land of Discworld is facing major upheaval. Skillful con artist Moist Von Lipwig, locked up in his cell for his crimes is offered two options by Lord Vertinari, Patrician of Ankh-Morpork â&#x20AC;&#x201C; which is to either rot to death in his cell or have his death faked to assume a new identity as Postmaster. Moist chooses the latter, looking at it as his chance to escape the law. He is however kept in check by a golem named Mr Pump, ends up falling in love with Adora Belle Dearheart, a tough golem-rights activist and finds himself in the biggest trap of all time â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a government job!

Anne Shirley, orphaned at the age of three finds herself shifted from one place to another. No stranger to rejection, Anne immerses herself in books and poetry to dream away the dreary circumstances surrounding her. Her hope of finding a home finally comes true when word is sent out that elderly siblings, Matthew and Marilla Cuthbert are looking for an orphan to adopt but soon realise that there has been a mistake. Will Anne find herself back at the asylum? Follow Anne on her journey in this heartwarming, coming of age novel set in the picturesque Prince Edward Island.

Neverwhere by: Neil Gaiman

Archangel by: Sharon Shinn

This story starts when Richard Mayhew rescues a bleeding and weakened girl named Door from the streets of London. One thing leads to another as he finds himself in London Underground with Door, where they are pursued by bloodthirsty assassins who refer to themselves as Mr Vandemar and Mr Croup. Will they get out alive or will they be stuck in the Underground forever? This thrilling page turner that mixes fantasy with horror is sure to keep you hooked. Oh and the ending is pretty shocking, even for our standards.

Set in the fictional land of Samaria where angels and mortals co-exist, this novel combines fantasy, biblical mysticism, science fiction and romance to deliver a genre-bending wonder. Next in line to become Archangel of Samaria, angel Gabriel needs a wife to sing by his side at the annual Gloria to ensure the prosperity of the land. Yet, his ordained bride Rachel, a human slave girl adopted by the nomadic Edori only craves freedom and longs to be reunited with her kin. Fate however, has better plans for these two strong characters.

FEATURE

SEPT 2016

Every Street Tells a Story is a HISTORY one-hour special that premieres on Sunday 11 September at 10pm Behind The Scenes – host Uma goes on a tour of Victoria Institution and has a chat with adik Muhammad Adiputra, head of the school’s marching band

Why were streets the main feature of this show instead of buildings and landmarks? U: This show has a unique angle to it, where not just our streets, but the people who live on them have a remarkable amount of history. When we visited Jalan Hang Kasturi, it wasn’t just about Central Market itself but rather the buskers, artists and painters that have been there for the past 30 years or so.

This is what this show is about, the people who make these streets their home. This is one way of cementing their story.

cityscape for 30 to 40 years. Then in Pudu, I had a chance to meet a Wing Chun master and gave it a go.

What inspired the selection of these streets?

Which of these experiences stood out in particular and impacted you the most?

U: We were inspired by a great book called Kuala Lumpur Street Names: A Guide to their Meanings and Histories by Mariana Isa and Maganjeet Kaur. The production crew also did an excellent job scouting for stories in those locations.

Based on your experience filming this show, can you tell us what makes a street memorable? U: What makes this show so fascinating is not just the places we went to but the memorable people we met. I met the Imam of Masjid Jamek who is of Chinese and Malay parentage who shared the history of Masjid Jamek with us. I also had the chance to meet the buskers of Central Market and also spoke to a street artist on Dataran Merdeka who had been painting the KL

U: Being in Masjid Jamek in the heart of Ramadhan with the Imam. This is because of all the work he’s put in trying to rally the community together to use the masjid as a community space and not just for worship.

KL city is dynamic and sometimes history has to give way to development. In your opinion, are we doing enough to preserve our historical buildings that we have and what can we do about it? U: I believe that modernisation and preservation need to co-exist. We need to come up with a clever plan to create development around these historical buildings.

Streets often undergo name changes. In your opinion, do these changes actually affect their historical value? U: In the past, changes have been made driven by patriotism as we were, as a nation, moving away from colonialism and towards independence. So we did see how our street names were changed to include the important figures who built our nation. SE

BY: GEETHA BAI

uala Lumpur is a vibrant and modern city, carrying with it a name that showcases its humble beginnings. In the HISTORY Channel’s Every Street Tells a Story premiering on 11 September 2016, host Umapagan Ampikaipakan goes on a series of adventures through eight streets in the city to learn more about it. We managed to join him on location at one of Kuala Lumpur’s oldest schools, Victoria Institution on Jalan Hang Tuah where he was given a tour of the school by adik Muhammad Adiputra, head of the school’s marching band.

CAREERCHAT

SEPT 2016

Sean and Sheila – The mind of a fashion designer is one that is constantly thinking – of current trends, of inspiration, and of cultural influences. We spoke to renowned designers based in Indonesia – Sean and Sheila – who have not only built a brand for themselves, but have also won several awards for their daring designs.

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Sean: We enjoy a lot of things that have to do with art – photography, painting, movies and the like. And maybe some sports on the side. We’re mostly normal people with normal hobbies. *laughs*

So, what sparked your interest in fashion design, and what made you decide to make it a career? Sean: For us, we think we was really lucky because when we decided to study fashion, we didn’t really know about how much we liked it. All I knew was that I liked clothes, and I liked to draw. But when I started the course, I fell in love with the whole idea and how it works. So I think I was lucky then, that I liked what I studied, so it was a bit of a gamble when I got into the course.

What is your particular style of fashion? Sheila: For our brand, we’d say our style is mostly very orientalist. We take our inspirations from Asian culture. The whole brand idea is to bring traditional Asian cultures and mix it with Western qualities. So it’s kind of like breaking the rules, but still keeping the tradition – so we’re reinventing the traditions of, say, Chinese culture, and making it more accessible for modern people to wear.

Describe the designing process for us. Sean: For us, research is the most important, because that would be the base of how our

collection would go. For every collection, we’d have a story behind it. We don’t want to just make clothes; there should be a story behind every collection. So first, we research the story, then we research the garments, and the final product will have the emotional value of the story, but we reconstruct the traditional garments.

What stories do you usually go for? Sheila: Our stories always tend to be kind of dark; we like taboo subjects. For example, for our first collection, we were inspired by the true story of a yakuza’s daughter, from a novel called Yakuza Moon – Memoirs of a Yakuza’s Daughter. Sean: She was forced to be in the world of the yakuza because she was the daughter of a yakuza boss. She was stuck in a man’s world, and was controlled most of her life. That whole womenswear collection was inspired by menswear - we took the old-school suits of the yakuza, and we made it modern and sewed on the embroidery of their tattoos – such as the crane birds, which also means freedom in Chinese culture.

Can you tell us a bit about the history of your company? Sean: We started a commercial brand before we started Sean and Sheila, which was named Ophelie. With this commercial brand, we decided to join the Harper’s Bazaar Asia New Generation Award competition, which includes Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia. I (Sean) represented Malaysia, and she (Sheila) represented Indonesia. We

won for both countries. And from there, we decided to start a luxury brand. We work closely with a disabled school that teach disabled people different skills based on their career paths. Our whole team was made up of people who are hearing or speech impaired. We hired them because nobody else wanted to work with them. This was working very well for us, because instead of taking advantage of workers like so many others, we are helping the disabled by giving them jobs as well.

Is there a piece you’re proudest of? Sean: No, they’re all like my children. *laughs* I love them all equally.

Do you have any advice for aspiring fashion designers? Sean: I feel there are a lot of fashion labels out there with little identity. Everyone is trying to follow what other brands are doing. You need to find your own identity; your own DNA. So I think the most important thing for college students to do is to explore, research and discover your own identities before you start. If your identity is not strong enough, you might not be able to make it. Sheila: I would also suggest they intern, and learn how the business works before joining the industry as a brand. It took us very long to understand how the business actually worked because we didn’t intern – we had to learn everything through experience and hardships. SE

BY: CHRISTOPHER YEE

Tell us a bit about yourself – what do you enjoy doing when you’re not designing?

BEAUTY

SEPT 2016

e v a h t Mus

accessories 1.

2016

Shouldgesr duster earrin 1. Red’s Revenge Threaded and Tasselled Dangle Earrings

RM29.90, Colour: Black, white, and ivory available at Red’s Revenge outlets and Zalora

2. H&M Long Earrings RM34.90, Colour: Gold and silver available at H&M outlets

3. MANGO Beaded Pendant EarRings, RM49.90, Colour: White available at MANGO outlets and Zalora

4. H&M EarringS with Tassels RM49.90, Colour: Black available at H&M outlets

5. Little B House Silver Colour Arrow Alloy Tassel Earrings RM22.90, Colour: Silver available at Zalora

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Chokers 1. Aveline Couture 90’s Triangular Drop ChokeR

RM35.00 available at Zalora

2. Luccacal Black Swan Choker RM19.00 available at Luccacal online and Zalora

3. MANGO Metallic Rigid Choker with Pendant RM49.90 available at Mango outlets and Zalora

4. Amora Scarlett Velvet Extra Wide Choker RM39.00 available at Zalora

5. Red’s Revenge Braided Cord with Gemstone Choker

RM49.90, Colour: Red and blue available at Red’s Revenge outlets and Zalora

1. 2.

Chunky Cuffs 1. H&M Cuff

RM34.90, Colour: Gold and Silver available at H&M outlets

2. ATTIC Skull Heads Cuff Bangle RM159.00 available at Zalora

3. Luccacal Stone Cuff Bracelet RM25.00 available at Luccacal online and Zalora

4. YOUNIQ Premium Lining 24k Gold Plated Cuff Bracelet RM59.00 available at Zalora

HOW THINGS WORK

SEPT 2016

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Cooking Food in Oil There are various techniques in which oil can be used to cook food. It all depends on how much oil is used as well as the cooking temperature. Sautéing is the act of cooking food in a little oil, usually tossing it around in a shallow pan. For this cooking method, the heat is usually high but cooking is usually kept to a short time. The food is always sliced thinly to quicken the cooking process. The main mode of transferring the heat from the pan to the food is conduction. The food is browned slightly but its texture, moisture and flavour is preserved. Pan frying, which is similar to sautéing is used to cook ingredients in medium to high heat. It uses more oil and prevents the loss of moisture from the ingredients. Deep frying is cooking in submerged hot oil, rather than shallow oil. This cooking method occurs by conduction as oil has a high rate of heat conduction. In deep frying, the heat is conducted from the hot oil to the entire surface of the food, cooking every side simultaneously.

So What Happens During Frying? Let’s imagine this piece of chicken that’s about to be fried. It is coated in multiple layers of batter. Once this piece of chicken is submerged in hot oil with temperatures of about 177˚C and 191 ˚C, it begins to undergo a series of reactions. The first thing that occurs is dehydration. Then, it undergoes Maillard reactions that breaks down sugar and protein while giving the distinctive golden brown colour of fried food. Dehydration When the chicken meat is submerged in the hot oil, the water inside the meat starts to boil due to the hot temperature. The water then permeates to the surface. However, for

a crispy outer layer to form, the chicken meat has to be first coated with a starchy batter. As the starchy batter fries in the hot oil, it dries up, forming the crust. As the food dehydrates, a crust is formed on the surface to prevent the food from absorbing more oil. The meat on the inside steams while the coating browns. Maillard Reactions The Maillard reaction is a complex series of reactions named after the chemist, Louise Camille Maillard. These reactions occur between amino acids and reducing sugars at high temperatures. The first step in this series is the reaction between glucose which is a reducing sugar and an amino acid. The resultant product is called an Amadori compound, which is shown below. Amadori compounds can easily isomerise into different structures. Isomerisation occurs when one molecule is transformed into another molecule which has the exact same atoms, but with a different arrangement. Due to this, over 100 different reaction products can be formed. Depending on the Amadori isomer that is formed, the compound can then undergo two different reactions. The first type is the removal of the amino acid, and the compound is then degraded into important flavour components such as furfural and hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF). Another reaction is called the Amadori rearrangement which is the starting point of the browning reaction. The resultant Amadori reaction can produce complex mixtures including flavour compounds and melanoidins which are brown pigments. After the initial dehydration process that occurs on the surface of the food, the browning that occurs is quick and thorough because the hot oil gets into every little crevice on the surface of the food. Heat is conducted deep into the chicken meat, cooking its interior. The heat causes changes to the food, as in the case of the fried chicken, where the protein in the meat begins to undergo denaturation, causing it to remain soft and juicy. The flavours and distinctive fried chicken flavours come from the Amadori reactions. So, the brown, crispy chicken with the juicy insides, and the delicious flavour that you get after frying it is all thanks to the combined effort of these reactions! SE

BY: GEETHA BAI

ho can resist a plate of crispy fried chicken with a side of fries every now and then? The lure of fried food lies in the crispy brown outer skin and the soft succulent meat on the inside. This perfect contrast of crispy skin and moist meat is one of the most delectable paradoxes to exist, simply brought into existence by the act of frying in oil.

GUYS STUFF

SEPT 2016

hile styling your short hair on school days is out of the question, chances are you’ve gone through at least a few hair products while trying to change up your look a little on weekends. While different brands work differently, sometimes it’s important to consider one thing: what if you’re using the wrong product entirely? While you may have heard of some of the different types of hair products in passing, read on and find out more about each product and you may even discover the right product for yourself!

Hair gel

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Hair gel works wonders if you’re going for a spiky look with definition as it allows you to shape your hair as your please. While most gels do provide a hold that will last a reasonable amount of time, keep in mind that using hair gel means that you can’t run your fingers through your hair and you will tend to sweat more than usual (not advisable with the current weather!). Also, hair gel doesn’t wash away easily with water.

Hair mousse aka styling foam Mousse is ideal if you’re going for a wet look as it adds shine and volume to your hair. The good part about hair mousse is that it often provides both conditioning and hold without any residual traces of product to worry about. However, hair mousse is also a much more sensitive version of hair gel in the sense that your hairstyle (and eventually your patience) will fall apart if you touch your hair even once throughout the day.

Pomade Pomade is a product that has been regaining its popularity as of late. While the pomade marketed to us these days definitely isn’t the same as what our forefathers once used, it still does a relatively good job of keeping your hair in order. However, as with hair wax, your hair has to be completely dry before application.

Hair wax

Hair spray

Hair wax is basically a more natural version of hair gel whereby it provides hold without the shine or hardening which comes with hair gel. It’s less suitable if you’re in a rush as even though it is relatively easy to apply, your hairstyle will fall apart if your hair isn’t completely dry before application.

Hair spray is typically used on top of another hair product once a hairstyle has been set in order to maintain the hairstyle for a longer period of time. If you have particularly stubborn hair, a good tip is to use hairspray while blowdrying your hair in the desired direction.

Hair cream If you’re Malaysian, odds are that hair cream was the hair product of choice that your parents would’ve put on you in order to keep your hair in place as a child. While it does do its job reasonably well, it is a little difficult to wash out at the end of the day due to its oily nature.

MOVIE REVIEW

SEPT 2016

BY: EUSOFF ANDREI

or one, it’s the first local film to premiere up in the air on 33 AirAsia A320 flights, three days before its nationwide release on August 11th. Secondly, many actors, set crew, admin and production crew were all first timers and were given opportunities to learn on the set of Temuan Takdir through Project Dignity by Friends to Mankind. Admittedly, it’s been a while since I’ve watched a Malaysian movie in the cinema but I have seen the ones shown on television every now and then. With that being said, I did not enter the cinema with any expectations. Let’s just say, I was pleasantly surprised! The movie managed to capture and balance elements of love, action, comedy, revenge, and betrayal almost seamlessly while maintaining character development throughout the plot. With a mix of veteran as well as fresh actors, it managed to capture one’s attention throughout the movie. First time director Dhyan Vimal of Zazen Design & Production Film said he was pleased with the end product of his film and hoped audiences would watch the film at cinemas to support the local film industry. Temuan Takdir revolves around two siblings who are policemen who are investigating a robbery case which involves love, family and sacrifice. The brothers, ACP Roslan and Inspector Shariff, are on a mission to hunt down the mastermind behind the robbery of a security van. Their investigation leads them

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to discover a secret activity by a gang made up of Omar, Faisal, and Vikram, where each of them have their own hidden agenda. ACP Roslan fights against time to solve the case and discover the mastermind behind it all. Vimal is also the founder and chairman of Friends to Mankind, an international nonprofit organisation, headquartered in Canada and present in over 15 countries. Friends to Mankind works towards the betterment of humanity and they launched ‘Project Dignity’ globally last year, which is an initiative that empowers individuals to learn life skills through mentorship programmes, internships, practical training and workshops in various fields of work and areas of expertise. While I could go on about my current favourite local film, I would hate to deprive you of the privilege to find out first-hand. Instead, here are five things you’ll be able to take away from this movie. Don’t neglect your personal life While you may love your job and even your career, don’t forget to step back and look at the bigger picture every once in a while. After all, while you may find yourself getting caught up, you never know how much time you have left to do the things that really matter in life. Members of the police force are people too Before they became part of the police force, just like you and I, they are people too. Okay

that didn’t quite come out right but I’m sure you catch my drift. Wielding a gun and dealing with criminals, whether physical or virtual, does not make them any less human than us. In fact, this may make them even tougher emotionally as they can’t always express what and how they actually feel. Be wary of trusting In the world we live in today, trust is indeed a fickle thing – almost meaningless some would say. Whether it’s to one who seems completely innocent, a love interest, or even a close friend, be wary of who you choose to bestow your trust upon – hardly anyone is as they seem to be. There is no perfect crime In fact, there is no perfect anything if it is done with dishonesty and ill intent.

Dhyan Vimal

Azura Zainal

As meticulous as you are with your planning and as precise as you can be with your execution, something is bound to go wrong. There ARE good Malaysian movies Now, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re not pointing any fingers but there IS a certain negative perception towards local films. Sadly, this perception stems mainly among those who have either not seen a local film in a while (or hardly ever!) or base their perception of local films on what they hear from others. SE

Ery Zukhairi

MOVIES

SEPT 2016

PREVIEWS

Pete’s Dragon

Captain Fantastic

STARRING: BRYCE DALLAS HOWARD, OAKES FEGLEY, WES BENTLEY, KARL URBAN, OONA LAURENCE, ROBERT REDFORD

STARRING: VIGGO MORTENSEN, FRANK LANGELLA, KATHRYN HAHN

RELEASE: 15th August 2016

RELEASE: 25th August 2016

A remake of the 1977 film of the same name, this movie follows the adventures of Pete and his best friend Elliott, a dragon. Six years later, Elliott is discovered in the forest and is brought back to society. Unfortunately, in the process, Elliott finds himself forced to flee from danger.

Ben’s world, or rather the paradise that he built with his wife in order to raise his kids, turned upside down when his wife falls sick and eventually passed on. With the threat of his children being taken away from him, he is thrust on a journey that challenges his idea of parenthood.

Deepwater Horizon

Miss Peregrine’s Home for Peculiar Children

STARRING: MARK WAHLBERG, KURT RUSSELL, JOHN MALKOVICH, GINA RODRIGUEZ, DYLAN O’BRIEN, KATE HUDSON

STARRING: EVA GREEN, ASA BUTTERFIELD, CHRIS O’DOWD, ALLISON JANNEY, RUPERT EVERETT, TERENCE STAMP, ELLA PURNELL, JUDI DENCH, SAMUEL L. JACKSON

RELEASE: 29th September 2016

This biographical disaster thriller-drama is based on the April 2010 Deepwater Horizon explosion and oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico that created the worst oil spill in U.S. history. Interestingly, one of the oil rig workers’ daughter manages to foretell the whole tragedy right in front of her father in a surprisingly eerie detail.

Tim Burton is back with a film inspired by the 2011 novel of the same name. When Jacob takes a leap of faith and discovers a group of children with unique abilities, he discovers a little something about himself as well. Before leaving, Miss Peregrine entrusts him with protecting them from the Wights and Hollowgasts.

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MUSIC

REVIEWS

SEPT 2016

Youth Authority | Good Charlotte

The Definition Of…

Coming out of their five-year hiatus, pop punk band Good Charlotte is back with their sixth studio album and it definitely doesn’t disappoint as their sound reflect how much they’ve grown as a brand while still staying true to their roots. In particular, look out for ‘Life Changes’, ’40 oz. Dream’, ‘Life Can’t Get Much Better’, ‘Reason To Stay’, and ‘Cars Full of People’.

This American Idol alumni’s fifth studio album, an attempt at making music that combines her soulful childhood singing with a certain side of her that wants to tap into the whole rock world, is mediocre at best. Of course, this isn’t to say that the album is completely unsalvageable. Look out for ‘No Time For It’ and ‘Roller Coasters’.

Encore

Hurricane

| DJ Snake

Most of us will have heard of him for his hit single ‘Turn Down For What’ waaaayyy back in 2013 as well as his more recent hit ‘Middle’ which is part of this debut album of his and a few of the tracks here are sure to make it on to your party playlist. Don’t forget to look out for ‘Sober’, ‘Oh Me Oh My’, ‘Future Pt 2’, and ‘Let Me Love You’.

| Fantasia

| Nick Fradiani

American Idol season 14 winner Nick Fradiani will soon be one of your favourite male singers if he isn’t already. Although many of us may no longer follow the franchise itself, it clearly continues to produce talent. While the entire album is good , tracks of note include ‘Nothing To Lose’, ‘In The Long Run’, ‘Forget2ForgetU’, ‘Love Is Blind’, and the title track ‘Hurricane’.

WELLNESS

SEPT 2016

The A of S

ome food just work better as a team and are meant to be consumed together. With the right combo, you’ll not only enjoy a healthy and nutritious meal more, but with the added goodness of vitamins and minerals too. We tend to think about the nutrients of certain foods in isolation and neglect the mix and match effects that they bring to us for maximum health benefits. The combos are actually greater than the sum of the individual parts. If this is a mathematical equation, then the answer for one plus one wouldn’t be two, but three instead. Let’s try out these five powerfood combinations that you can easily find in your own kitchen and prove that when it comes to food combos, one plus one can easily equal three.

Bananas + Yoghurt = Minus Tummy Troubles

If you have been experiencing gastric discomfort, try adding some bananas to your bowl of yogurt or maybe blend them together. Yogurt contains nutritious probiotic bacteria that strengthen and keep our immune and digestive systems strong. However, the bacteria needs inulin, a non-digestible carbohydrate produced by bananas to thrive. Therefore, in order to help the good bacteria fight off stomach aches, remember to take your yummy yoghurt with banana.

A-Team Food Tomatoes + Broccoli = Fight Against Prostate Cancer

These foods are each filled with cancerfighting compounds. According to University of Illinois’ Food Science and Human Nutrition Professor John Erdman, Ph.D., this combination outperforms other diets in slowing down the growth of cancer tumours. Hence, try your best to consume them at least three times per week to chase cancer away.

Green Tea + Lemon Juice = Greater Antioxidant Absorption Drinking green tea with lemon juice not only makes your taste buds happy, but yields great health benefits. Based on a study in Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, lemon juice helps increase the body’s capability to absorb and increase the amount of the tea’s antioxidants (known as catechins) by up to six times! In other words, it aids in lowering the incidences of cancer, cardiovascular disease and high cholesterol more effectively. Start drinking green tea with lemon juice now to gather as much heroic disease-fighting catechins as possible!

Avocado + Tomatoes = Reduce Inflammation & Better Absorption Do you know that your body can’t absorb carotenoid nutrients, found in red, orange

and yellow produce like tomatoes, without a little fat? Have you been eating tomatoes wrongly? But fear not, avocadoes help in giving you the healthy fats that you need to absorb more carotenoids. Carotenoids are important to prevent cancer, inflammatory diseases and age-related illnesses. It can also provide extra protection for your vision and immune system. Reap the benefits of this awesome twosome now!

Turmeric + Fish = Prevents the Multiplication of Cancer Cells Turmeric contains a compound called curcumin. Curcumin is a tiny molecule that works the same way as polyphenols. It is a potent anti-inflammatory agent that also shows some activity in preventing the progression of cancer. The cancer halting properties of curcumin is amplified once it is combined with DHA, which is an omega-3 fat found in fish oil. According to a 2011 study in BMC

Cancer, this powerful duo packs a punch against certain types of cancer by slowing tumour growth and the spread of cancer cells. Researchers believe that the DHA helps cells utilise the curcumin. Fish marinated in turmeric paste not only tastes great, but helps keep you safe from cancer.

Dark Chocolate + Red Apples = Healthy Heart

Consuming apples is not only known to be a sure way of delaying the next visit to the doctor’s office, but did you know that it also doubles up as a visit to the gym? According to Bahram H. Arjmandi, PhD, RD, Margaret A. Sitton Professor and Chair, Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences at The Florida State University in Tallahassee, apples have been found to lower bad cholesterol levels. They also found that the levels of lipid hydroperoxide, a biochemical involved in the formation of heart-clogging plaques, was down by about one-third. When combined with dark chocolate that contain a high concentration of catechins, they act hand in hand to prevent the hardening of arteries as well as break up blood clots. So not only will this pairing satiate your sweet tooth, but may just add a few more years to your lifespan.

Sunflower Seeds + Whole Grain Cereal = A Healthy Immune System Adding sunflower seeds to your breakfast cereal can do more than satiate your morning hunger pangs. Sunflower seeds have a high content of vitamin E, which have strong antiinflammatory properties. They are also rich in phytosterols, which can enhance the immune response. When combined with whole grain cereal, the human immune system is greatly improved. This is due to the betaglucans present in whole grain cereals. Beta-glucans have been found to enhance the human immune system by helping neutrophils navigate to the site of an infection and improve their ability to destroy the invading bacteria, as reported by study leader Jonathan Reichner of the Department of Surgery at Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University. SE

GAMING

SEPT 2016

e h t e b To e b y ver v e e n n

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e k i l , t s e s a w ver

expanding green/yellow/red circle. If your balls hit the inside of said circle, it will net you an XP bonus, and the smaller the circle, the better.

Look out for gyms you can conquer Gyms in Pokemon Go are constant battlegrounds – there are pokemon gyms that have changed ownership several times in the span of 30 minutes. One of the main ways you can gain more XP is to conquer and control the many gyms peppered across the land. After each pokemon battle, you’ll have lowered the team’s prestige in the gym. Once it reaches 0, the gym will be up for grabs.

Gather a bunch of Trainer buddies to go along with you

If you have lucky eggs, use them before you evolve your pokemon

Pokemon hunting is always more fun when you travel across lands, searching far and wide with a bunch of like-minded friends who are also trainers. They’ll be as enthusiastic as you when you manage to find a rare pokemon, and in the event of any downtime when catching pokemon, you’d have someone to talk to. If anything, there’ll definitely be safety in numbers, and there’s a much lower chance you’ll get assaulted in the middle of your hunt.

Lucky eggs will help you double your XP for a 30 minute period. So if you want to evolve your Pokemon, save it for when you have a lucky egg, and watch your XP and levels skyrocket. Try to do it near a Pokestop too, so you can continue interacting with it while capturing Pokemon after you’ve finished evolving them.

Find a place with many pokestops Be it Sunway Pyramid, Mid Valley, KLCC, or even the hot, hot streets of SS15, this is a great way to stock up on items while looking for pokemon. You can choose to wander the streets, or even just find a coffee place surrounded by pokestops to chill out. If you’ve decided to settle down in one place, it’s also a good idea to use lures to attract pokemon to where you’re sitting, and kill two birds with one stone.

Incubate your eggs After you get eggs from Pokestops, you should put them in incubators that will hatch them after you walk a certain distance. Use the unlimited incubator for the 2 km eggs, while saving the triple use ones for the 5 km or 10 km eggs. As 2 km eggs hatch much faster, you’re gonna be using the infinity incubator a lot more often.

Be creative while throwing your pokeballs While it may cost you a lot of pokeballs in the beginning, curve balls will net you an extra 50 XP. Another trick is to hit in the middle of the constantly contracting and

Turn off the augmented reality ((AR)) function for better catching While it might be really fun seeing a Pikachu sitting on your table or a Ratata on a trashcan, it would be better in the long run to turn off the AR function. Not only will it help your capture rates, it’ll save your battery as well, so you can go for longer pokehunting trips.

Catch ‘em all (and transfer them after) While the hordes of Pidgeys and Ratatas might not be the most desirable of Pokemon, it is still worth it to collect as many of them as possible. Not only will you get much more XP, you can transfer them for candies as well, which can help evolve your strongest Pidgey or Ratata.

Hunt at different times of the day But do be careful) Different pokemon are known to appear at different strikes of the clock, so do go out at night as well as in the morning. Wandering around closed shopping malls in search of critters can be something that can be unexpectedly fun. Not only that, you’ll get to see the city at its most beautiful too. However, it is better to go out in groups. You’ll never know what horrors lurk in the night besides Gastlies and Gengars. SE

BY: CHRISTOPHER YEE

he craze is upon us again, like it was back in the 90’s. However, the aim has now evolved into something much more different. With GPS tracking and pedometers, we can actually travel the world and be real life pokemasters! And now it’s time to talk business – Pokebusiness. Here’s a few tips to get the most out of your pokehunting trips:

BERITA

SEP 2016

SMJK Hua Lian muncul sebagai Juara Kuiz Sains dan Matematik UCSI Peringkat Antarabangsa Sebanyak lima belas pasukan daripada 74 buah sekolah menengah dari Pulau Pinang, Perak, Negeri Sembilan dan Lembah Klang bersaing bagi memenangi gelaran juara dalam Kuiz Sains dan Matematik yang meliputi soalan dari pelbagai topik dalam subjek matematik dan sains seperti biologi, kimia serta fizik. Pasukan daripada SMJK Hua Lian dari Taiping, Perak akhirnya berjaya menyingkirkan peserta akhir lain bagi memenangi gelaran juara. “Kami tidak sangka akan berjaya sampai ke peringkat akhir, mahupun memenangi hadiah pertama kerana peserta akhir yang lain benar-benar hebat. Markah kami sebenarnya hampir sama, dan kami yakin mereka yang

PERJALANAN KE SÃO PAULO Merealisasikan impian tiga kanak-kanak menjadi pemain bola sepak profesional Seramai enam kanak-kanak dipilih bagi peringkat prapemilihan dalam program “Perjalanan ke São Paulo” yang diperkenalkan oleh Akademi Sukan EPS untuk peluang seumur hidup berlatih dengan pemain bola sepak profesional di Akademi Bola Sepak Sao Paulo pada bulan Ogos. Mereka ialah Yuvaraj A/L Vijeekumaran, 16 tahun dari Sungai Petani, Kedah, Muhammad Johan Hakimi Bin Sukri, 15 tahun dari Rawang, Selangor, Danial

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Kumpulan daripada SMJK Hua Lian, Perak muncul sebagai juara dalam Kuiz Sains dan Matematik UCSI Peringkat Antarabangsa 2016

akan menjadi pemenang,” kata Lim Sze Chen sambil ketawa. Seorang lagi ahli pasukan pemenang yang bernama Ong Teng Kheng pula berkata, “Kami tidak bersedia langsung untuk menghadapi peringkat akhir, terutamanya bagi soalan biologi kerana kami tidak menguasai subjek itu, tetapi mujurlah kami berjaya mengharunginya.” Apabila bercerita tentang proses persediaan bagi menghadapi kuiz itu, Ng Jiann Rin pun berkata pasukan mereka berkumpul beberapa kali setiap minggu untuk mempelajari setiap topik secara berkumpulan. Tambah Ng, pasukan mereka

tidak mungkin berjaya tanpa panduan daripada guru mereka, Puan Ong Moy Kean. Juara Kuiz tersebut memenangi wang tunai RM1,000 dan setiap ahli pasukan diberikan bantuan kewangan iaitu yuran tuisyen lengkap oleh Perbadanan Amanah Universiti UCSI. Tempat kedua dimenangi oleh pasukan dari Chong Hwa Independent High School yang memenangi RM500 dan setiap ahli pasukan diberikan bantuan kewangan yuran bernilai RM45,000 oleh Perbadanan Amanah Universiti UCSI. Tempat ketiga pula dimenangi oleh pasukan dari Sekolah Menengah Kuen Cheng yang hadian tunai bernilai RM300 dan bantuan kewangan bernilai RM30,000.

Cosgrove Bin Muhammad Yussuf, 13 tahun dari Kuala Lumpur, Jaden Vishal Kumeren, 11 tahun dari Puchong, Selangor, Kuhanraj Nagarajoo, 14 tahun dari Taman Cempaka, dan Mohamad Ibrahim, 13 tahun yang tinggal di Mont Kiara, Kuala Lumpur. “Saya percaya bahawa setiap pemain mempunyai kemahiran khas tersendiri, dan di Akademi Sukan EPS, kami ingin mengasah semangat itu dengan mencabar kebolehan mereka. Di Akademi Bola Sepak São Paulo, pelajar akan mendedikasikan hidup mereka kepada sukan tersebut; makan, tidur dan berlatih bola sepak. Melihat dedikasi pemain-pemain ini terhadap bola sepak, membuat saya bangga melihat sukan ini semakin bersinar berbanding sebelum ini,” kata Waldir Peres, Penasihat Khas kepada Lembaga EPS yang juga pernah menjadi

penjaga gol paling berpengaruh dalam bola sepak Brazil. Akademi Sukan EPS telah ditubuhkan pada tahun 2013 dan bertujuan melahirkan pemain berbakat dengan sebanyak 11 lokasi di seluruh Kuala Lumpur dan kini berkembang di Johor dan Pulau Pinang.

Yuvaraj Vijeekumaran, wakil yang dipilih untuk program “Perjalanan ke São Paulo” dari Malaysia

En Mark Disney, Yang Berhormat Dato’ P. Kamalanathan, Tan Sri Razman M. Hashim, bersama pengetua dan pelajar SMK Infant Jesus Convent (M) Johor, sekolah dengan jumlah penyertaan tertinggi

Pertandingan Mengarang Anjuran Sunway-Oxbridge Menghargai Bakat Penulisan Pelajar Majlis pemberian hadiah dan anugerah kepada pemenang Pertandingan Mengarang Sunway-Oxbridge diadakan barubaru ini di Universiti Sunway. Dalam majlis tersebut, Timbalan Menteri Pendidikan 1, Yang Berhormat Dato’ P.Kamalanathan menganugerahi seramai 26 pelajar yang berjaya membawa pulang wang tunai bernilai RM22,000 dan dermasiswa Sunway bernilai RM175,000. Dalam majlis tersebut, Dato’ P.Kamalanathan merakamkan ucapan terima kasih kepada pihak penganjur, para guru, sekolah dan ibu bapa di atas usaha mereka dalam merealisasikan Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia kerana Bahasa Inggeris merupakan alat yang penting dalam membantu menjadikan Malaysia sebuah negara yang progresif. Para pemenang Pertandingan Mengarang SunwayOxbridge termasuk dalam Kategori A (pelajar Tingkatan 1 – Tingkatan 3) dan Kategori B (pelajar Tingkatan 4 – Tingkatan 5). Bagi pertandingan tahun ini, terdapat tiga pemenang tempat ketiga dalam Kategori A iaitu Alicia Malini Samuel, Hooi Yan Ling dan Rifqah bt. Mohamed Fairuz. Mereka membawa pulang hadiah tunai RM1,000; dermasiswa bernilai RM10,000 dan sijil penyertaan. Pemenang hadiah pertama Kategori B ialah Tan Hoong Wei yang memenangi hadian tunai bernilai RM5,000; dermasiswa Sunway bernilai RM20,000 serta sijil penyertaan. Pemenang hadiah kedua ialah Thoveen Prakash a/l Ramesh yang memenangi hadiah tunai bernilai RM3,000, dermasiswa Sunway bernilai RM15,000 serta sijil penyertaan manakala pemenang hadiah ketiga, Kirubaharan a/l Muttusamy membawa pulang hadian wang tunai bernilai RM1,000, dermasiswa Sunway bernilai RM10,000 dan sijil penyertaan. Sepuluh pemenang hadiah sagu hati Kategori A dan B masing-masing membawa pulang hadiah tunai bernilai RM500, dermasiswa Sunway bernilai RM5,000, serta sijil pernyertaan. Setiap pemenang hadiah dermasiswa Sunway berpeluang mendaftarkan diri dalam mana-mana program pra-universiti.

KES KAJIAN SEJARAH

SEP 2016

Tamadun Yunani dan asal-usul Sukan Olimpik 40

| SCHOOL ED

Stadium Panathenaic di Athens, Greece

ukan Olimpik yang berlangsung pada bulan Ogos tahun ini telah diadakan di bandar Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Ia merupakan Sukan Olimpik yang ke31. Sukan tahun ini melihat penyertaan atlit daripada 207 buah negara dengan 10,500 orang perserta.

Sukan Olimpik Kuno Sukan Olimpik sebenarnya wujud sejak tamadun Yunani Kuno lagi dan telah dibangkitkan semula pada lewat abad ke-19 sehingga menjadi acara sukan antarabangsa yang terkemuka di dunia. Menurut kajian sejarah, terdapat rekod dan catatan yang membuktikan bahawa acara Sukan Olimpik yang pertama berlangsung pada 776 SM lagi. Acara Sukan Olimpik yang diadakan di dataran Olimpia Kuno ini sebenarnya merupakan upacara penghormatan dan pemujaan bagi dewa Zeus, yang diberi gelaran raja dewa. Olimpia Kuno, yang merupakan sebuah tapak suci bagi masyarakat Yunani Kuno terletak di bahagian pantai barat semenanjung Peloponnese. Ia merupakan pusat pemujaan serta tempat menjalankan kegiatan beribadat sejak abad ke-10 SM lagi. Kuil yang dibina khas bagi pemujaan Dewa Zeus juga didirikan di bahagian tengah kawasan ini. Oleh kerana Sukan Olimpik Kuno ini berlangsung setiap empat tahun, ahli sejarah kuno telah menamakan pengukuran selang masa empat tahun sebagai Olimpiad. Acara sukan yang diadakan pada zaman Yunani Kuno ini sebenarnya sangat berbeza daripada acara Sukan Olimpik Moden yang diadakan sekarang. Malahan, dalam Sukan

Olimpik pertama yang diadakan pada tahun 776 SM, hanya sebuah acara sahaja yang dipertandingkan, iaitu acara larian pecut 200 meter. Malahan, hanya acara larian sahaja yang dipertandingkan dalam 15 acara sukan Olimpik yang pertama. Selain itu, pemenang acara yang dipertandingkan pula mendapat kalungan daun zaitun, dan bukannya pingat emas, perak atau gangsa seperti dalam acara sukan yang ada sekarang. Lama-kelamaan, beberapa acara baru pun mula ditambah kepada Sukan Olimpik yang berlangsung selepas itu. Acara-acara baru seperti hoplitodrome, iaitu acara lumba lari dengan memakai baju perisai lengkap dan pentathlon iaitu acara di mana peserta bertanding dalam lima acara iaitu lompatan, balingan lembing, larian pecut, lempar cakera, dan acara gusti mula ditambah kepada Sukan Olimpik yang berlangsung selepas itu. Kemudian, dua lagi acara ditambah kepada Sukan Olimpik iaitu diaulos yang merupakan acara larian 400 meter dan dolichos yang merupakan acara larian 1,500 meter atau 5,000 meter.

Serangan Tentera Rom dan pengaruhnya terhadap Sukan Olimpik Selepas angkatan tentera Rom menakluki tamadun Yunani pada pertengahan abad ke-2 SM, acara Sukan Olimpik tetap lagi diteruskan. Malang sekali, acara tersebut mengalami kemerosotan dari segi kualitinya

dan kejatuhan nilai semangat kesukanan. Contoh yang paling ketara adalah apabila Nero, pemerintah Rom pada masa tersebut mengisytiharkan dirinya sebagai penenang walapun terjatuh semasa bertanding dalam perlumbaan kereta berhias.

Kesan pengaruh agama Kristian terhadap Sukan Olimpik Apabila pengaruh agama Kristian diperluaskan, hampir keseluruhan masyarakat Rom memeluk agama tersebut, termasuklah pemerintahnya. Oleh kerana Sukan Olimpik pada waktu tersebut diadakan sebagai penghormatan kepada Dewa Zeus, acara Sukan Olimpik pun terus diharamkan oleh pemerintah bernama Theodosius I. Ini kerana, agama Kristian mengharamkan sebarang perayaan yang disifatkan sebagai penyembahan berhala. Peristiwa ini

menandakan berakhirnya Sukan Olimpik Kuno yang diadakan pada zaman Yunani Kuno.

Penemuan semula tapak Olimpia Kuno Pada tahun 1766, seorang berbangsa British yang bernama Richard Chandler menemui semula tapak Olimpia Kuno di negara Greece. Tapak tersebut sebenarnya hilang tertimbus di bawah lapisan kelodak akibat kejadian gempa bumi dan ribut selama bertahuntahun. Runtuhan tapak Olimpia ini berjaya dibaik pulih semula hasil daripada usaha mengekskavasi yang dijalankan oleh ahli arkeologi dari negara Jerman.

Sports Athletiques di Paris. Dua tahun selepas itu, Coubertin mencadangkan idea itu semula dan 79 wakil dari sembilan buah negara sebulat suara menyokong cadangan tersebut. Jadi pada tahun 1894, beliau diberi kelulusan untuk menubuhkan Jawatankuasa Olimpik Antarabangsa (IOC). IOC kemudiannya menjadi badan pentadbir Sukan Olimpik yang diadakan sehingga kini. Akhirnya, hasil pengaruh beliau berjaya mengembalikan semula kegemilangan Sukan Olimpik.

Kebangkitan semula Sukan Olimpik

Sukan Olimpik Moden

Sukan Olimpik akhirnya berjaya dibangkitkan semula 1,500 tahun selepas ia diharamkan oleh Theodosius I. Kemunculannya semula adalah sebenarnya hasil usaha Baron Pierre de Coubertin yang berasal dari Negara Perancis. Beliau mendapat ilham untuk menghidupkan semula Sukan Olimpik apabila membuat lawatan ke tapak Olimpik Kuno selepas kerja-kerja ekskavasi berjaya dijalankan. Tujuan beliau berbuat demikian adalah untuk menggalakkan gaya hidup sihat dengan memupuk kegiatan fizikal dan sukan. Jadi pada tahun 1892, Coubertin mengemukakan ideanya untuk menghidupkan semula Sukan Olimpik di mesyuarat Union des

Sukan Olimpik Moden yang pertama diadakan pada 6 April 1896 di Athens, Greece. Dalam acara pembukaan yang diadakan di Stadium Panathenaic, pemerintah negara Greece pada waktu tersebut, Raja Georgios I dan seramai 60,000 penonton menyambut kehadiran peserta daripada 13 buah negara ke acara Sukan Olimpik peringkat antarabangsa pertama itu dengan meriahnya. Dalam acara tersebut, seramai 280 orang peserta yang berasal dari 13 buah negara bertanding dalam 43 acara yang termasuk acara balapan, renang, gimnastik, gusti, angkat berat, serta tenis. Namun demikian, Pierre de Coubertin yang menjadi presiden

Tapak Olimpia Kuno di negara Greece

IOC pada masa itu menempuhi kesukaran kerana Sukan Olimpik tidaklah mendapat sambutan yang menggalakkan seperti yang diinginkan. Akhirnya, pada tahun 1924, Sukan Olimpik yang benar-benar mendapat sambutan hangat berjaya diadakan di Paris, dengan penglibatan lebih daripada 3,000 peserta daripada 44 buah negara. Acara tersebutlah merupakan titik tolak yang berjaya membawa Sukan Olimpik ke peringkat antarabangsa.

Aktiviti â&#x20AC;˘

â&#x20AC;˘

Logo Sukan Olimpik terdiri daripada lima buah gelung berlainan warna. Buat kajian tentang sejarahnya dan maksud setiap gelung tersebut. Buat kajian lanjut dan kenal pasti perbezaan dan persamaan antara Sukan Olimpik Moden dan Sukan Olimpik Kuno. Kaji dan bentangkan bagaimana Perang Dunia Pertama dan Kedua memberi kesan kepada Sukan Olimpik yang diadakan setiap empat tahun. SE

CASE STUDY SCIENCE

SEPT 2016

Environment friendly

SUPER BUG! Contributed By: Gurpreet Kaur (gurpreet@utar.edu.my) Assistant Lecturer Department of Science and Engineering (CFS-Kampar)

| SCHOOL ED

icrobes are known to

pollutants from a contaminated site, such as

both from internal exposure to oil through

be nature’s self-cleaning

soil or water. There are certain scenarios where

ingestion or inhalation and also from external

mechanism. In a healthy,

bioremediation is particularly useful for the

exposure through skin and eye irritation. Oil

non-polluted environment,

purpose of cleaning up the environment.

can also smother some small species of fish

microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi

or invertebrates and coat feathers and fur,

constantly break down organic matter such

Scenario

reducing the ability of birds and mammals to

as animal carcasses and rotting leaves.

Oil spills in rivers, bays, and the ocean are

maintain their body temperatures.

However, if a contaminant is introduced into

most often caused by accidents involving

the environment, the microorganisms will be

tankers, barges, pipelines, refineries, drilling

incapable of surviving, and this affects the

rigs and storage facilities.

ecosystem. Biotechnology has since looked

The Bioremediation Process for Toxic Oil Spills It has been known for around 80 years that

for ways to employ these all-consuming

Case 1: On March 24, 1989 the oil

certain microbes i.e Alcanivorax borkumensis,

organisms for a rather environmentally friendly

tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground on Bligh

Deinococcus radiodurans and Pseudomonas

house-keeping system.

Reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska, spilling

putida are able to degrade petroleum

an estimated 11 million gallons (42 million

compounds and use them as a source of

Agency (EPA), bioremediation is a “treatment

litres) of crude oil that spread as a surface slick.

carbon and energy for growth. Toxic waste,

that uses naturally occurring organisms to

Case 2: On April 20, 2010, the BP Deepwater

such as crude oil, is spilled on soil or in water.

break down hazardous substances into less

Horizon Oil leak in the Gulf of Mexico.

According to the Environmental Protection

toxic or non-toxic substances”. Simply put, that introduces biological organisms to a site

The Effects of Bioremediation

that is polluted, so that these organisms can

Oil spills cause devastation to the

feed on the pollutant, thus cleaning up the

environment killing sea life, birds and

polluted site. Bioremediation is employed as

coastal plants. Spilled oil can harm living

a technique to manage waste that involves

things because its chemical constituents

the use of organisms to remove or neutralise

are poisonous. This can affect organisms

this is an environmentally friendly technique

Bioremediation Diagram 1 •

Bioremediation is perceived positively by the public because it is a natural process.

Discussion

TOXIC SLUDGE

1. There are a few types of bioremediation. Bacteria eats toxic waste

Excretes water, carbon dioxide and harmless waste

Find out more about the following: a) Biostimulation b) Bioleaching c) Phytoremediation 2. Besides being used for cleaning up oil

• • •

survive and adapt.

The Benefits of Bioremediation

Surviving bacteria feed on the toxins that

•

The waste kills most bacteria, but a few

a) Find out how microbes are used in sewage

because it relies on microbes that

treatment for:

They may change the toxin into

naturally occur in soil. These microbes

i) Nutrient recycling

another form that is not dangerous,

are helpful and do not pose a threat to

ii) Methane recovery

break the compound into smaller

people at the site or the community.

iii) Disease control

It does not require much equipment

b) Find out how microbes are used in animal

inorganic molecules such as carbon

or labour as most other methods.

and yard waste composting. SE

dioxide and water.

Therefore, it is considerably cheaper

•

Oxygen and nutrients are added so that

and easier to apply on a wide scale. •

The complete breakdown of pollutants

down the toxins.

into non-toxic compounds is possible

When the spill has been completely

because the process does not involve

broken down, bacteria die because they

transferring of contaminants to other

have run out of food.

environmental mediums. •

Sometimes the microbes that are needed do not naturally occur in the contaminated

It can be implemented as an in-situ or exsitu method depending on conditions.

•

It is a relatively low cost treatment

site. When this is the case, the clean-up crew

per unit volume of soil or

adds the specialised microbes to the site to

groundwater compared to other

break down the toxins.

remediation technologies.

applications include sewage treatment.

were spilled and break them down.

more bacteria will survive to help break •

recycling and waste treatment. Some of the

This method is safe and effective

parts, or completely degrade it into

•

spills, microorganisms can also be used for

| SCHOOL ED

CASE STUDY BUSINESS

SEPT 2016

Location,

Location!

| SCHOOL ED

ocation, location, location! You must have heard of this phrase being used before, but what does it actually mean? In a nutshell, location is where retail premises are set up. Location is critical to the success of a business. When deciding on the location, it’s important to consider various things before finally deciding. In fact, it is one of the main factors that should be given due consideration before your business ideas can come into fruition.

Kat and Beth’s Cupcake Dream Kat and Beth are best friends. They have excellent baking skills and specialise in baking cupcakes. They have so far been sharing their cupcakes with friends and also selling them from home on a small scale. As they lacked a physical location, they also provided a cupcake delivery service. Now, that they have secured sufficient finances, they are all geared up to open up their very own cupcake shop. However, Kat and Beth have a little trouble deciding on

the location, although they have managed to work out a few options. So they’ve taken the idea back to the drawing board to ask the relevant questions to help them make the decision. Kat: Based on our calculations, we cannot afford to incur more cost for the set up. Beth: Yes… We need to make sure our location does not require repairs or renovation as this can cause the cost to skyrocket. So we have to strike out that quaint place on the Heritage Row. Kat: It’s too bad. But we don’t have a choice as the rental is too high. Beth: Yes, it needs too much renovation. Kat: We need to get to a newer, more modern location. Beth: That new shoplot on Metropolitan Street seems likely in this case. It’s new and has been vacant for a while now, we could get it for a good bargain. Kat: We could have an electrician and plumber come in to see if everything works. Beth: Yup and we also have to try and make sure that interior decorating costs are kept as low as possible – nothing overboard for now. Kat: Since it’s new, we don’t need to repaint it. Just some signage and posters will do.

Beth: Now for the customers, we have to make sure they can get to the cupcake shop easily. Kat: That’s for sure. We need to look for a place that has sufficient parking lots or even public transportation. But the parking rate has gone up! Beth: It’s a good thing then that the shoplot we are eyeing is right by the new LRT station. It would be smack in the middle of foot traffic. Kat: You’re brilliant, Beth! Would that area have a significant number of people who would be interested to walk in and have some cupcakes? Beth: Well… I’d say young people would be interested in cupcakes. The older generation tend to be more health

conscious. If we are near enough to colleges and offices nearby and people could simply pop in during lunch breaks in between classes. Kat: However, would we see less people walking in after hours? Beth: Yes, that’s highly likely. But I think we can make up for it, think office birthday celebrations! Kat: That’s true! And we can also employ college students to work part-time here. They would be perfect for the job, and they would enjoy flexible hours. Beth: I also think that it would be easier for us to hand out flyers and run promotions. We could also have a delivery service to the offices nearby. Kat: Brilliant idea! Cupcakes always brighten up a dreary meeting. How about the other eateries there? I do know there’s a Sugar Puff in the building right across it. Beth: Yes, Sugar Puff is a popular hangout – have you tried their cinnamon rolls? They’re fabulous. But our cupcakes cost less than their baked goods. Maybe we

have an edge there, especially among the college-going crowd. Kat: We would need to relook at our marketing strategies to stand out although we offer a different type of dessert. Beth: Would that be a good idea though? To have a start-up next to a well-established chain of baked desserts? Kat: Give me a second… Well, I looked up the history of the area and I’ve noticed that there was a café just around the corner, that closed down recently. Could it be due to the presence of the Sugar Puff?

Discussion •

•

Based on their conversation, list down all the factors that have been taken into consideration by Kat and Beth to decide on the location of their cupcake shop. What are the other factors that they should take into consideration when deciding on the location? Describe how a good location can help promote their cupcake brand.

•

What are some of the benefits of getting a good location for their cupcake shop? SE

CASE STUDY ENGLISH

SEPT 2016

Interesting Facts about the

| SCHOOL ED

he Victorian Era of British history, well known for its romance and mystery spanned from the year 1837 to 1901. This period was named after Queen Victoria. This was also the era in which the novel Wuthering Heights was written by Emily Brontë. Wuthering Heights was her only novel before her death at the age of 30. The novel was first published under the male pseudonym “Ellis Bell”. It was only after her death that Emily Brontë was revealed to be the woman behind the pseudonym. Wuthering Heights remains a contemporary novel for its truthful and accurate portrayal of life during that era. Here are a few interesting facts about the Victorian era that you may not know:

Pea-Soupers

Oddly enough, this doesn’t really have anything to do with soup or even peas. It simply refers to the fog that enveloped London during Victorian times. This fog was so thick, you could barely see through it. This impenetrable fog was the result of the smoke from coal fires and fog from the Thames. Coal fires were an essential part of Victorian life but it was banned by King Edward I in 1306 due to the smog it caused. The Victorian atmosphere setting in books and movies was heightened by the presence of thick fog.

Dark-coloured clothing

Ever wondered why people in the Victorian era frequently wore dark colours? There are

basically two reasons. The more practical reason being pollution. Pollution in the Victorian era were pretty bad. This was mainly contributed by the burning of coal. Most of the industrialised cities in that era were cloaked in a thick cloud of dark smog. For this reason, darker clothing was preferred to prevent the lighter clothing from turning grey. Another reason was the death of Prince Albert in December 1981 of typhoid fever. His death led Queen Victoria into a period of seclusion and she mourned his death by wearing black for the remaining years of her life.

Spiritualism, Hypnotism and Divination

Spiritualism, not to be mistaken with spirituality was a big thing in the Victorian era. In fact, it was the biggest new occult movement to arise in this era. Spiritualism is the teaching of obtaining non-earthly knowledge by communicating with the

beings of the spiritual realm through various means. It saw the rise of occult activities such as séances, and even Ouiji boards. The Church of course declared these practices a sin and against religious teachings and norms. However, public events were still held where people would be hypnotised or speak to the souls of the departed. Part of the lure of spiritualism was that in this era, life expectancy for an adult was merely 41 years old. Children too were not so lucky as over three quarters of deaths occurred in children under the age of five. In fact, Emily Brontë herself succumbed to tuberculosis a year after Wuthering Heights

was published. The prevalent deaths would have probably been a factor in the popularity of spiritualism and divination, as people would have sought for ways to communicate with the family members they’ve lost.

Child Labour

Back in the Victorian times, children were expected to contribute to the household income. It was not against the law then, as it is now. They worked long hours in sometimes dangerous situations for very low wages. Little boys worked as labourers in coal mines. Coal was the main source of energy back in the Victorian era. Coal powered everything from homes, factories, steamships and trains. Children were ideal for coal mines as their tiny sizes allowed them to manoeuvre in tight spaces. Children also demanded less pay. These young children worked 12 to 18 hours a day under deplorable conditions in constant noise and darkness. They also developed respiratory illnesses due to coal dust, and

most suffered from spine deformation as they had to constantly be in a stooped position. Death was a common occurrence in these mines. This wasn’t however the most dangerous job. Children as young as three also worked as chimney sweeps, due to their size. The narrow chimney stacks caused their elbows and knees to be scraped raw. Besides the constant pain and discomfort, death from falling and getting stuck in the chimney stack was a regular occurrence. To bring to light the severity of the situation back then, Thomas Agnew from the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children said the following, “The Society for the prevention of cruelty to animals was created in 1824, which was 67 years before the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, which was created in 1891!”

V ictorian Delicacies

Mock turtle soup, anyone? Back then, turtle soup was a popular dish. It was basically a stew or soup made from the flesh of a

turtle. It was served at presidential dinners and even during the 1861 inauguration of President Abraham Lincoln. Mock turtle soup, as its name would suggest, was an imitation of turtle soup which cost much less. This soup was made by using a calf’s head or foot (and sometimes even brains) which was an ingenious substitute that mimicked the texture of turtle meat. Try this! Learn more about the Victorian era through their literature. Use those stories as inspiration to write a short story set in that period. Share your story with your friends by sending it to us via email at scribblers@cmr.my. SE

Did you know that this era also saw the birth of many literary works that are treasured reading material today? These include titles such as Oliver Twist, Jane Eyre, The Importance of Being Earnest and The Origin of Species!

CASE STUDY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SEPT 2016

â&#x20AC;&#x153;

Ecommerce and Online Shopping 56

| SCHOOL ED

arrie is a self-proclaimed shopaholic. She would spend hours shopping, hopping from one store to another. Carrie would often complain about crowds, lack of parking facilities, long queues to the changing rooms and aching feet. Then one day, she found her favourite boutique was going online. This meant that they were now selling all their stuff through a website. Electronic commerce or simply known as online shopping begin to emerge, as traditional businesses started to shift to the digital market. The shift was seen as a means of opening up markets to transcend physical and political barriers giving everyone an equal playing field. Items were put on sale

through a website, rendering a physical premise for the business unnecessary. This meant that merchants from developed nations and developing nations had an equal playing field when it came to business opportunities. Sales and purchase transactions could be performed, regardless of geographical location. To set up an online store, a merchant will require a website that is tied to a payment gateway.

How can a merchant start building an online store with a website? Firstly, you would need to select the domain name and site location. Then, you can build the website for the online store yourself.

This will however require you to be able to write coding for the site. This can be quite tricky as you would have to deal with the hard coding, website hosting as well as run the maintenance for the server on your site. If youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re a little low on time and cash, you can look for ecommerce platform vendors to help create one for you. The good news is you can hire someone to build a custom online website for you which will cost you quite a bit, and you can still select the domain name of your preference. There are some companies such as Shopify and Goodsie which provide customisable services that will allow you to design the overall look, feel and functionality of your site while hosting it on their servers.

Will the website have a generic look and feel to it? Ecommerce vendors give you the flexibility of uploading your product catalogue, set up customer shopping carts, handle payments as well as ship the goods from the warehouse to the customers. As an online shopping merchant, you donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t need to necessarily have your own warehouse or shipping facilities as many companies will store and

ship these products to your customers. These companies usually provide a monthly bill, depending on the number of products you sell as well as the amount and type of services provided. Q: Will the website be customisable in future? A: Most design templates provided by ecommerce vendors do not require HTML or CSS knowledge. This makes it easier and faster for you to upload logos, product images, banners and other content. Q: Is it easy to set up payment gateways? A: There are some simple options such as using a PayPal account, which will be linked to the website to process and accept online payments. It is also secure and does not have any sign up fees. However, there would be a transaction fee on the total sale amount. Q: What if the customers prefer to use their credit cards for payment? A: In this case, you can obtain a merchant account with each individual credit card company. They charge a certain fee per transaction plus a monthly or annual fee.

Q: Once the site is up and roaring to go, how do I attract the attention of customers? A: There are many ways to get the word out and it should be angled towards both online and offline marketing. Most companies already have a website, so the idea is to link the main website to the shopping portal so your customers would be aware of it. You can also create social media accounts on Facebook, Twitter and Youtube to spread the information about your online shopping site, at no cost. Paying for advertising is also a good idea. Choose an ecommerce vendor that uses search engine optimisation (SEO) for your store’s content. Learning SEO tactics can give your site a higher ranking in search results on search engines. Q: If a customer is unhappy for any reason, such as they received the wrong product, were billed wrongly or just dissatisfied with the service, how can the situation be handled? A: Some ecommerce vendors give you access to a tool known as the customer relationship management (CRM) tool. The vendors would charge you an added monthly fee but this service would enable

you to have a centralised merchantcustomer interaction portal. You would have access to customer contact information including their purchase history, complaints or queries as well as pending orders. Online retailers can also set up a toll-free number dedicated to customer service as well as a live-chat service. You can provide real time replies to your customers and manage their expectations efficiently. The downside to this would be the amount of time required to man these services.

Do It Yourself! Learn more about ecommerce and online shopping websites using specific sites as your examples. Find out how they secure stock for sale, how they market their services and products as well as storage, payment and delivery options. You can use some of the following sites in your study: • Mysale • Zalora • Lazada • Amazon • eBay • 11street

Below is a summary of the basic items required to set up an online business: Create website OR Hire someone to set it up

Upload product catalogue

Set up shopping cart

Set up payment gateway

Set up warehouse/storage and shipping facilities

Set up customer service facilities

Advertising and marketing

CASE STUDY GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES

SEPT 2016

Child Labour 60

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very child in this world has rights. The United Nations Convention states the Rights of the Child are things that every child should have, or be able to do. Here are just some of the rights every person under the age of 18 including you, should have:

Article 28 You have the right to a good quality education. You should be encouraged to go to school to the highest level you can. Article 29 Your education should help you use and develop your talents and abilities. It should also help you learn to live peacefully, protect the environment and respect other people. Article 31 You have the right to play and rest. Article 32 You have the right to protection from work that harms you, and is bad for your health and education. If you work, you have the right to be safe and paid fairly.

Unfortunately, around the world, not every child is granted his or her basic rights. Some of them are forced to work for their livelihoods under dangerous and deplorable conditions. Many children also suffer from physical, emotional and sexual abuse. There are also extreme instances where children are forced into prostitution and slavery.

Child Labour According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), child labour is defined as “work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development.” Child labour does not include “activities such as helping their parents around the home, assisting in a family business or earning pocket money outside school hours or during school holidays. These kinds of activities contribute to children’s development and to the welfare of their families; they provide them with skills and experience, and help to prepare them to be productive members of society during their adult life.” According to the United Nations, “around 215 million children around the world work, many full-time. They do not go to school and have little or no time to play. Many do not receive proper nutrition or care. They are denied the chance to be children. More than half of them are exposed to the worst forms of child labour such as work in hazardous environments, slavery, or other forms of forced

labour, illicit activities including drug trafficking and prostitution, as well as involvement in armed conflict.”

Child Labour Around the World According to the ILO, out of the estimated 215 million child labourers around the globe, approximately 53% come from Asia and the Pacific; 30% from sub-Saharan Africa; and 7% from Latin America. These child labourers work in various sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, mining and quarrying, domestic service, hospitality, the service industry and retail. The percentage of child labour is highest in the agriculture industry. Children work mainly as harvesters in plantations. They work in banana plantations in Ecuador, as well as tea plantations in Argentina and Bangladesh. These children are exposed to heat, pesticides and chemicals as well as receive inadequate food, water and live in poor sanitation. The children receive little to no pay in all these industries. In countries like India and Pakistan, children work in industries involving the manufacture of goods such as clothing, footwear as well as soccer balls. Some work in even more dangerous industries that include the production of fireworks such as in China, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Peru, Guatemala and India. One of the worst industries for these child labourers is actually the mining and quarrying sector. In this sector, children face

extremely high risk of illness and injury as they are expected to perform hard labour from the tender age of six. These children mine for gold in countries such as Columbia as well as charcoal in Brazil and El Salvador. The six or seven year olds break up rocks while the slightly older ones of nine or ten work underground by placing explosives or carrying loads. These dangerous tasks are both a direct and indirect danger to their health and safety. Some children are also forced into work that is unacceptable even for adults. They are the victims of trafficking or sold into debt bondage and forced labour. These children are sometimes recruited for the purpose of militancy or into illicit activities such as the production and trafficking of drugs as well as for commercial sexual exploitation.

Child Labour in Malaysia Based on findings published in the International Journal of Social Science and Humanity titled A Study on Child Labour as a Form of Child Abuse in Malaysia, despite the Children and Young Persons Act (Employment) 1966 prohibiting children from being employed, previous studies proved that there is a high rate of working children in certain

states in Malaysia. It is believed that the thousands of working children in Malaysia are exposed to environments which are potentially harmful to their physical, mental, emotional and social development. To identify the types and instances of child abuse experienced by these working children, a study has been conducted on 454 working children in four states in Malaysia. Based on data analysis, it is found that more than half (63%) of the working children have been emotionally abused, 27% physically abused and at least 10% have been sexually abused. A majority of them are not happy with their current jobs and experience regret for not attending school. This study reflects on their basic need for proper education and the fact that they should not be exposed to work at early ages.

Why Does Child Labour Occur? The findings of the study titled A Study on Child Labour as a Form of Child Abuse in Malaysia also states that there are many reasons why child labour still occurs in this day and age. One of the main reasons for the prevalence of child labour is related to socio economics as well as culture and beliefs. A study conducted in 2007-2008 found that the main reason that brought these children to the working space is because of the financial needs of their families. This is also relevant and true as shown in the statistics above. While poverty and economic shocks clearly play an important role in determining the market for child labour, it in turn contributes to the cycle of poverty. Findings by the World Bank have shown that an early entry into the labour force reduces lifetime earnings by some 13 to 20 percent, in countries such as Brazil. Child labour therefore increases the probability of being poor later in life. However, poverty itself does not sufficiently explain child labour, and it certainly fails to explain why child prostitution and trafficking is still rampant. Discussion â&#x20AC;˘ What are some other factors that lead to child labour, besides those mentioned in this article? â&#x20AC;˘ Do you think that child labour is acceptable in certain situations, such as in conditions of severe poverty? Give reasons for your opinion. â&#x20AC;˘ Conduct your own research to understand more on the topic of child labour in terms of: a) What are some of the ways developing nations can eradicate child labour? b) What are some ways developed nations can help eradicate child labour in developing and poorer nations? c) What can you do, as an individual to play a part in eradicating child labour? SE

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