Rockingham County 2040 Vision Plan by Destination by Design

Rockingham Vision Plan 2040 Comprehensive Land Use Master Plan Ad op te d : M ay 17, 2021

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Rockingham Vision Plan 2040 Comprehensive Land Use Plan PRODUCED FOR:

PRODUCED BY:

136 FURMAN RD, SUITE 6, BOONE, NC 28607 RO CKI N G H A M VI S I O N 2 0 4 0 L AND U SE M A STER P L AN

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Acknowledgments Board of Commissioners

Citizens for Economic Development

Mark F. Richardson, Chairman

Pleas McMichael, Chair

Adam Carroll

George Murphy

Micky Silvers

Charlie G. Hall, III, Vice-Chairman

Bill Sinclair

Mike Dougherty

Bill Lester

Bert Bennett

Kevin Berger

Kevin Baughn

John Geib

Lessa Hopper

A. Reece Pyrtle, Jr.

Harold Vaden

Leigh Cockram

Dr. Mark Kinlaw

T. Craig Travis

Betsy Brame, Project and Office Coordinator Kerry Taylor-Pinnix, Existing Industry Manager

County Staff

Adam Mark, Small Business Manager

Lance L. Metzler, County Manager Carrie Spencer, Director of Community Development

Piedmont Triad Regional Council

Ronald Tate, Director of Engineering and Public Utilities

Kelly Larkins, Senior Regional Planner

Leigh Cockram, Director of Economic Development & Tourism Emily Bacon, Planning and Zoning Administrator

North Carolina Department of Transportation

Robin Yount, Tourism Manager, Rockingham County Tourism

Stephen J. Robinson, PE – Division Planning Engineer

Development Authority

Jason R. Julian – Resident Engineer

Jason Byrd, Director of Soil and Water Conservation District Bill Lester, LKC Engineering

Project Oversight Committee Bruce Nooe, Stoltzfus Engineering Inc. Gene Robertson, C.E. Robertson & Associates. P.C. Matthew W. Smith, Maddrey Etringer Smith Hollowell & Toney, L.L.P.

Rockingham County Parks and Recreation Advisory Board Tara Martin – Marketing Manager

Janice Wilkinson

Robin Yount - Tourism Manager

Lee Templeton

Mara O’Neil, Chair

Ronnie Tate

Jenny Edwards, Vice-Chair

Judy Yarbrough Commissioner Charlie Hall

William Flynt, Jr., Davis Appraisal Service Charles Rakestraw, Rakestraw Properties

Rockingham County Association of Realtors Kris Cayton – A New Dawn Realty Phillip Stone – A New Dawn Realty Theresa McCollum – Keller Williams Realty, Inc. Teresa Knowles - Century 21 - The Knowles Team

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Table of Contents

Introduction

County Profile

Public Engagement and Guiding Principles

Background and Purpose........................... 02

Regional Context......................................... 08

Planning Goals.............................................. 02

Demographics.............................................. 10

Tools of Engagement.................................. 36

Planning Process.......................................... 04

Physical Environment.................................. 20

Emerging Themes........................................ 38

Previous Plans.............................................. 32

Recommendations Land Use........................................................ 44

Implementation Implementation Matrix.............................. 88

Economic Development............................. 70 Transportation............................................. 76 Infrastructure............................................... 78 Parks and Recreation.................................. 82

Note: All drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered when interpreting any law or ordinance. RO CKI N G H A M VI S I O N 2 0 4 0 L AND U SE M A STER P L AN

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Maps Map 01: Regional Context............................................................................. 09 Map 02: Political Jurisdiction....................................................................... 11 Map 03: Schools.............................................................................................. 19 Map 04: Natural Resources & Assets.......................................................... 21 Map 05: County Hydrology........................................................................... 23 Map 06: Sub-Basin Watersheds.................................................................... 25 Map 07: Surface Water Classification......................................................... 27 Map 08: Soil Quality....................................................................................... 29 Map 09: Existing Infrastructure................................................................... 31 Map 10: Future Land Use.............................................................................. 43 Map 11: Transportation and Infrastructure.............................................. 77 Map 12: Water Infrastructure Plan.............................................................. 79 Map 13: Sewer Infrastructure Plan............................................................. 81 Map 14: Recreation Assets........................................................................... 83

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Exhibits Exhibit 01: Population Growth..................................................................... 12 Exhibit 02: Age Distribution 2018 v. 2050 Comparison.......................... 12 Exhibit 03: Racial/ Ethnic Composition...................................................... 13 Exhibit 04: Educational Attainment............................................................ 13 Exhibit 05: Housing Units.............................................................................. 14 Exhibit 06: Cost of Living .............................................................................. 14 Exhibit 07: Poverty Rates.............................................................................. 15 Exhibit 08: Top County Employers.............................................................. 15 Exhibit 09: Employment Sector Growth.................................................... 16 Exhibit 10: Employment by Industry........................................................... 17 Exhibit 11: School Capacity........................................................................... 18 Exhibit 12: Transect Mapping Methodology............................................. 42 Exhibit 13.1: Rural Crossroads Conceptual Plan ..................................... 50 Exhibit 13.2: Rural Crossroads Conceptual Plan ..................................... 52 Exhibit 14: Missing Middle Housing Typologies....................................... 56 Exhibit 15: Traditional Neighborhood Development.............................. 60 Exhibit 16: Target Growth Area Scenario Site Plan A.............................. 62 Exhibit 17: Target Growth Area Scenario Site Plan B.............................. 66 Exhibit 18: EDC SWOT Analysis.................................................................... 70 Exhibit 19: County Industrial Sites.............................................................. 72 Exhibit 20: Investing in Main Street............................................................ 75 Exhibit 21: Belews Lake Master Plan.......................................................... 84 Exhibit 22: Rockingham County Greenway Master Plan......................... 85

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1 Introduction 1.1 Project Background and Purpose 1.2 Planning Goals 1.3 Planning Process

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1.1 Project Background and Purpose The Rockingham Vision 2040 Comprehensive Land Use Plan provides County leaders and citizens with a new road map for land use and development decision-making; this document replaces the County’s 2006 land use plan to meet today’s growth challenges, while ensuring the County is within compliance of new state laws pertaining to land use planning and zoning.

1.2 Planning Goals This plan conveys a long-term vision for future development in Rockingham County to strategically direct growth while preserving rural character. From the onset of the planning process, four (4) goals were identified:

During the 2019 legislative session, the NC General Assembly enacted legislation that consolidated current city- and county-enabling zoning statutes into a single, unified chapter -- Chapter 160D. This new General Statute provides clarity for the way in which local authorities must make planning and development decisions. One significant change as part of the new Chapter 160D is a requirement for all local governments to adopt a comprehensive land use plan to appropriately inform locally adopted zoning and subdivision land use regulation. The Rockingham Vision 2040 Plan meets this requirement, and furthermore, the County’s zoning ordinance was concurrently updated during the planning process to ensure uniformity. Although this plan meets a state requirement, its primary purpose is to cast a community-led vision to effectively steward County resources. Working with the Commissioner-appointed Project Oversight Committee throughout the planning process, this plan clearly establishes target growth areas where strategic infrastructure improvements can be made to promote the development of new industry, business and housing. The plan acknowledges the value of quality of life within today’s new economy and provides direction for leveraging the County’s rivers, state parks, and historic Main Street communities. Growth pressure throughout the region, both to the north and south, provide Rockingham citizens with new economic opportunities, which this plan seeks to leverage. However, while this plan casts a vision for managing growth, it also strives to ensure Rockingham maintains its unique character. 2 • • • Introduction

Cast a Community Vision Establish a 15-year vision for Rockingham County that identifies areas appropriate for varying densities of growth to maximize existing infrastructure and preserve rural landscapes and sensitive natural areas.

Quality of Life Plan and manage growth to enhance citizens’ health and quality of life.

Make it Visual Produce a final plan document that is visually compelling and illustrates opportunities for growth and conservation.

Attainable Establish realistic priorities and specific steps for implementing plan recommendations.

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Introduction • • • 3

1.3 Planning Process The Rockingham Vision 2040 Plan Project Oversight Committee and County staff achieved plan development objectives during a 13-month process. The planning process included five (5) major phases: 1) Direction Setting; 2) Discovery and Analysis; 3) Draft Plan Development; 4) Final Plan Development; 5) and Unified Development Ordinance Update

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Phase 1: Direction Setting

Phase 2: Discovery & Analysis

DECEMBER 2019

DECEMBER 2019—APRIL 2020

» Project Oversight Committee Coordination » Initial Field Visit » Goal Setting

» Existing Plan Review » Stakeholder and Focus Group Engagement » Demographic & GIS Data Analysis » Framework Plan

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Rockingham Vision Plan 2040 Comprehensive Land Use Master Plan AUGUST 2 0 2 0

Phase 3: Draft Plan Development

Phase 4: Final Plan Development

APRIL 2020—AUGUST 2020

SEPTEMBER 2020—MAY 2021

Phase 5: Unified Development Ordinance Update DECEMBER 2019—JULY 2021

» Draft Future Land Use Map » Infrastructure, Recreation, and Corridor Growth Strategy Development » Implementation Strategy Development

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» Staff, Project Oversight Committee and County Leader Workshop » Finalize Master Plan » Final Presentation & Adoption

» Analysis, Organization, & Improvement of UDO » Finalize & Incorporate into Land Use Master Plan

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2 County Profile 2.1 Regional Context 2.2 Demographics 2.3 Physical Environment 2.4 Previous Planning Efforts This chapter provides an overview of Rockingham County’s regional context, demographic trends, and physical environment. The chapter concludes with a summary of previous planning efforts.

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Chapter One: County Profile• •••• 7 • 7

2.1 Regional Context Rockingham County is located in the Piedmont Triad region of North Carolina; its geography is characterized by rolling hills and wide rivers. Rockingham County is part of the Greensboro - Winston Salem - High Point, NC Combined Statistical Area. This region, which includes the municipalities of Greensboro, Winston Salem, High Point, and Burlington, has an approximate population of 1.69 million; Rockingham County’s population represents approximately 5%. Rockingham County shares its southern border with Guilford County, which continues to experience significant job and population growth. The Piedmont Triad International (PTI) Airport also continues to expand and further serve the region and state. These nearby growth pressures continue to impact southern portions of Rockingham County where NCDOT is improving transportation networks and land and homes are more affordable than in Guilford County.

The County’s major transportation corridors are Highways US 220 / I-73/I-73, US 158, US 29/I-785, and US 311. Improvements to Highways 220 and 29 will support an advanced interstate network in the region, and Piedmont Triad International Airport, located to the south in Guilford County, provides commercial airline service. The County features four major rivers. The northwestern section of the county contains the Mayo, Dan, and Smith Rivers, which are part of the Roanoke Basin. The Haw River, located in the southeast, is part of the Cape Fear Basin. These watersheds are discussed further in this chapter.

The Danville and Martinsville, VA Micropolitan Statistical Areas are located just north of the County’s border in southern Virginia with an approximate combined population of 164,000. This region supports two industrial parks with opportunities for growth, including the Berry Hill Megasite and Commonwealth Crossing. Also, a new gambling casino is approved to be located in Danville. Rockingham County has excellent transportation connectivity to the Piedmont Triad International Airport.

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Map 01: Regional Context

§ ¦ ¨ 220

OLL

§ ¦ ¨

Martinsville

§ ¦ ¨ 58

PATRICK

220

Commonwealth Crossing

N.C.

220

/Future I-73

704

§ ¦ ¨

¦ ¨ § ¦ § ¨ 311

220B

£ ¤ 52

§ ¦ ¨

311

220

FORSYTH

Stokesdale

§ ¦ § ¦ ¨ ¨ 158

311

Wentworth

704

Madison

LEGEND Winston-Salem

DAVIE

§ ¦ ¨ § ¦ ¨ 158

Rockingham Corporate Park

§ ¦ ¨

§ ¦ ¨ 52

/Future I-785

§ ¦ ¨ 29

§ ¦ ¨ 158

CASWELL

150

PERSON

/Future I-785

150

§ ¦ ¨ 29

§ ¦ ¨

PTI Airport

§ ¦ ¨ 421

ORANGE

GUILFORD

Greensboro

§ ¦ ¨ § ¦ ¨ § ¦ ¨ 29

§ ¦ ¨

NC/SC State Line County Line DAVIDSON Major Road Corridors (220, 29, 158, 311, 87, 65) Municipal Boundaries

360

840

§ ¦ ¨

/Future I-785

Reidsville

29B

Oak Ridge

§ ¦ ¨

29B

/Future I-73

Summerfield

Rockingham County Points of Interest

¦ ¨ § ¦§ ¨

150

§ ¦ ¨

Danville Casino

§ ¦ ¨

311

ROCKINGHAM

Mayodan

Danville

§ ¦ ¨

Eden

Stoneville 770

STOKES

§ ¦ ¨

Berry Hill Megasite

§ ¦ ¨

704

HALIFAX

§ ¦ ¨

HENRY

V.A.

KIN

PITTSYLVANIA

§ ¦ ¨ 840

Mebane

§ ¦ ¨ 70

§ ¦ ¨ 40

Burlington

Hillsborough

§ ¦ ¨ 85

High Point

§ ¦ ¨ 73

ALAMANCE 0

2.2 Demographics The purpose of this section is to provide an overview of key demographics and projections relevant to future County growth and development.

Political Jurisdictions

This section provides an overview of the following: » » » » » » »

Political Jurisdiction Population & Projections Age Distribution Racial/Ethnic Composition Educational Attainment Households Housing & Home Ownership

» » » » » » »

Cost of Living Poverty Labor Force Employers Wages Industry Schools

Rockingham County contains six incorporated municipalities concentrated in the northern two-thirds of the County. Madison, Mayodan, and Stoneville are located along the US 220/ I-73/ I-73 corridor. Eden, Wentworth, and Reidsville are centrally located in the County (see Map 02: Political Jurisdiction, page right). According to 2016 population estimates, the County’s six incorporated areas contain 41.3% of the county’s population and unincorporated areas contain 58.7%. The overall estimated population of Rockingham County in 2018 was 91,150, and the overall population density was 159 people per square mile. Sources: Woodes & Poole, NCOSBM

According to 2016 population estimates, the County’s six incorporated areas contain 41.3% of the county’s population and unincorporated areas contain 58.7%.

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Map 02: Political Jurisdiction

LEGEND Ponds and Rivers Political Jurisdictions (ETJs) Incorporated City Boundaries

Exhibit 01: Population Growth

Population & Projections Sources: Woodes & Poole

8.6

Rockingham County’s population in 2018 was 91,150. Between 2010 and 2018, the county’s population decreased by 2.67 percent (see Exhibit 01: Population Growth). Over the same time period, Guilford County, which abuts Rockingham on its southern border, grew by approximately 8.9 percent and North Carolina as a whole grew by 8.6 percent. Like other rural counties in North Carolina, Rockingham is projected to see slower population growth than the State as a whole. Between 2020 and 2040, the County is expected to grow 0.88%, compared to the State of North Carolina’s projected growth rate of 21.5% over the same time period. However, recent and projected growth has shown significant growth pressure along the County’s southern border with Guilford County as the City of Greensboro and its surrounding metropolitan area continue to grow.

21.5

Exhibit 02: Age Distribution 2018 v. 2050 Comparison

Age Distribution A majority of the County’s current population (approximately 57%) is in the 20-64 cohort (see Exhibit 02: Age Distribution 2018 v. 2050 Comparison). Within this population the County’s largest age group is 5559, trailed closely by the 60-64 year old cohort. Over the next 30 years, the County’s 75 years and older population is projected to experience the most significant growth compared to other age groups. Factors like increased life expectancy and aging in place contribute to a projected growth rate of over 240% for this cohort by 2050. The 20-64 cohort is expected to decrease in population by more than 75% over the next 30 years, while the 19 years and under population is expected to grow merely 10% over the same time period.

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Exhibit 03: Racial/Ethnic Composition

Racial/Ethnic Composition Rockingham County’s population is slightly less diverse when compared to the State’s population. In 2017, 73% of the county’s population was white, 19% was black, 6% was Hispanic, and 2% was Asian American, pacific islander, or Native American. In North Carolina, 63% of the population was white, 21% was black, 9% was Hispanic, and 7% was Asian American, pacific islander, or Native American. By the year 2050, the Rockingham County population is expected to become more diverse. The 30-year projections estimate that the white population will decrease to 63%. The Hispanic or Latino population will increase to 17%. The black population will slightly decrease to 17%. The Asian American, pacific islander, and Native American population will increase 2-3% (see Exhibit 03: Racial/Ethnic Composition). Exhibit 04: Educational Attainment

Educational Attainment Approximately 33% of the county population ages 25 and older have received a high school diploma or equivalent, and 26% have a college degree. Approximately 19% have not obtained a high school diploma. When compared to the State of NC, Rockingham County has a larger portion of the population with a high school diploma, but a smaller portion of the population with a college degree (see Exhibit 04: Educational Attainment).

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Chapter One: County Profile • • • 13

Exhibit 05: Housing Units (Rockingham)

Households Rockingham County exhibited a 3.1% growth in total households from 2010 to 2018. In 2010, the County stood at a 70/30 split between family and non-family households. By 2018, the percentage shifted slightly to 67 percent family households and 33 percent non-family households. Trends for the State of North Carolina, over the same time period, exhibited a similar shift between family and non-family households.

Housing & Home Ownership The 2017 housing stock in Rockingham County consisted of 43,879 total units. Most units are single-unit-detached (72.34%), followed by mobile homes (17.15%), and multi-family units (9.6%). The majority of housing units within the County were constructed before 1980 (57.31%), while only 11.52% have been constructed since 2000 (see Exhibit 05: Housing Units).

Exhibit 06: Cost of Living

Of those total housing units, approximately 85% were occupied, while 15% were unoccupied. In that same year, 68% of occupied housing units were owner-occupied, while 31.58% were renter-occupied.

Cost of Living Households who spend more than 30% of their income on housing costs are considered “rent-burdened.” In 2017, 26% of the households with a mortgage in Rockingham were considered rent-burdened, matching the same rate for the State of North Carolina (see Exhibit 06: Cost of Living).

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Exhibit 07: Poverty Rates

Poverty The poverty rate in Rockingham County is slightly greater than the State of North Carolina. The percentage of the County population below the poverty line in 2017 was 17.9%, while the State of North Carolina’s poverty rate was 14.1%. The 2017 childhood poverty rate for ages 5-17 in Rockingham County was 24.2 percent, 5.2 percentage points higher than the State of North Carolina (see Exhibit 07: Poverty Rates).

Labor Force Rockingham County’s civilian labor force in 2017 was 41,110. From 2008 to 2017, the civilian labor force decreased by 7.62 percent, partly attributable to the 2008 recession as well as an overall decrease in the county’s population over the same time period. The county’s unemployment rate decreased from 7.4 percent in 2008 to 5.2 percent in 2017. The county’s 2017 unemployment rate is slightly greater than the State of North Carolina (4.4%). Exhibit 08: Top County Employers

Employers As of 2018, the top five employers in Rockingham County are the Rockingham County School System; Wal-mart Associates, Inc.; Unifi Manufacturing, Inc.; Rockingham County Finance Office; and, UNC Rex Healthcare (see Exhibit 08: Top County Employers).

Wages Annual median earnings increased marginally from $25,789 in 2010 to $28,196 in 2018. Average weekly wages also showed modest growth over the same time period, increasing from $625.13 to $680.

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Goverment

Chapter One: County Profile • • • 15

Exhibit 09: Employment Sector Growth

Industry Manufacturing (16%) and Retail Trade (15%) businesses employ the most workers in Rockingham County (see Exhibit 10: Employment Sector Growth). These are followed by Public Administration (11%); Educational Services, and Health Care and Social Assistance (11%); and Professional, Scientific, Management, Administrative and Waste Management Services (10%). From 2010 to 2018, Rockingham County saw an overall decrease in employment by 3.15%. The most significant losses occurred in the Professional and Technical Services (24%) and Information (26%) sectors. Employment also decreased in the Public Administration sector (12.7%), one of the County’s largest employment sectors. Despite these losses, several sectors continued to grow, including Retail and Wholesale Trade, Transportation, Warehousing, and Utilities (see Exhibit 09: Employment by Industry). During this same time period, North Carolina as a whole exhibited employment growth by a rate of almost 18 percent. The only sector that saw a decrease in employment state-wide over this time period was Wholesale Trade.

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Manufacturing businesses employ the most workers, followed by Retail Trade, State and Local Government, and Health Care and Social Assistance. Unifi Manufacturing, Inc.

Exhibit 10: Employment by Industry

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Chapter One: County Profile • • • 17

Exhibit 11: School Capacity

Capacity

Schools

> 90% 75-89%

The Rockingham County School system (RCS) presently manages twelve elementary schools, four middle schools, and four high schools (see Map 03: Schools, page right). In the 2019-20 school year, RCS closed two elementary schools. Of the remaining elementary schools, three are enrolled at greater than 90% capacity; three are enrolled at 80-89% capacity; four at 70-79%; and two at 60-69%. Three of the County’s four middle schools are enrolled at 60-69%, while Rockingham County Middle is enrolled at 80-89 percent. Rockingham County High School is enrolled at greater than 90%, two high schools are enrolled at 60-69 percent and one high school is enrolled at at 70-79% (see Exhibit 11: School Capacity).

60-74%

Rockingham County offers a variety of educational opportunities to explore including public, charter, and private schools.

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Map 03: Schools

LEGEND

n Elementary Schools n Middle Schools n High Schools

Ponds & Rivers Extraterritorial Jurisdiction

2.3 Physical Environment Natural Resources & Recreational Assets Rockingham County has a number of natural resources and recreational assets including Mayo and Haw River State Parks, the NCWRC Gamelands on the Dan River, and the Mayo, Dan, Smith, and Haw Rivers. Thirteen paddle accesses and twelve additional parks and campgrounds provide access and recreational opportunities in the County. Other significant natural resources and recreational assets include: Lake Reidsville, Belews Lake and the Carolina Marina, Duke Energy Belews Park, and Knight Brown Nature Preserve. The County also boasts three historical and cultural sites and seven community and recreation centers.

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Mayo River State Park (Photo by Others)

Map 04: Natural Resources & Assets

LEGEND >

Parks River Access Trails and Greenways

& Cultural W Historical X Sites

Ponds + Rivers Voluntary Agricultural Districts Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Piedmont Land Conservancy (PLC) State Ownership

Agricultural Easements (PLC)

n kj

Rockingham Community College Community Centers

PTRC Trails: Existing

Hydrology The hydrology of Rockingham County is defined by four primary rivers and two lakes. The Mayo and Smith Rivers flow into the Dan River in the northern half of the County, and the Haw River is located in southern Rockingham County. Belews Lake and Lake Reidsville flow into the Dan and Haw Rivers respectively (see Map 05: County Hydrology, page right). The Dan River flows into the southwestern corner of Rockingham County just north of Belews Lake. Two major rivers and several minor tributaries feed the River as it crosses the County. The Mayo and Smith Rivers join the Dan from the north as it passes through Madison and Eden. Just east of Eden, the River flows into Virginia, and minor tributaries located in the northeastern portion of Rockingham County flow north and join the River in adjacent Caswell County and Virginia.

Dan River

The Haw River flows from neighboring Guilford County through the southeastern portion of Rockingham County. Troublesome and Little Troublesome Creeks join the Haw south of Reidsville before it reenters Guilford County. Belews Lake is located in the southwestern corner of the County and is approximately 3,800 acres in size. The Lake primarily provides cooling water for Duke Energy’s Belews Creek Steam Station and is also utilized for recreational activities. Lake Reidsville is located just south of Reidsville and is approximately 750 acres in size. The Lake serves as a multi-purpose recreational facility and municipal water source. Belews Lake

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Map 05: County Hydrology

LEGEND Ponds & Rivers Floodway 100 Year Flood Extraterritorial Jurisdiction

River Basins and Watersheds The Mayo, Smith, and Dan Rivers collectively drain into the Roanoke River Basin which is further divided within Rockingham County into the Upper and Lower Dan River sub-basins and seven watersheds. The Haw River drains into the Cape Fear River Basin which includes the Haw sub-basin and Haw River Watershed (see Map 06: Sub-Basin Watersheds, page right). The Upper Dan River sub-basin includes the Mayo River, Lower Smith River, Belews Lake-Dan River, Matrimony Creek-Dan River, Cascade Creek-Dan River, and Hogans Creek-Dan River Watersheds. The Lower Dan River sub-basin within Rockingham County includes the Country Line Creek Watershed, and the Haw sub-basin contains the Headwaters Haw River Watershed, which is part of the larger Jordan Lake watershed.

Lake 24 •Belews • • Chapter One: One: County CountyProfile Profile

Rockingham County is defined by four major rivers: the Dan, Smith, Mayo, and Haw. These rivers flow into the Roanoke and Cape Fear river basins which are further divided within the County into 3 subbasins, and 8 watersheds.

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Map 06: Sub-Basin Watersheds

LEGEND Headwaters Haw River Matrimony Creek-Dan River Belews Lake-Dan River Mayo River

Lower Smith River Cascade Creek-Dan River Hogans Creek-Dan River Country Line Creek

Surface Water Classifications Surface water classifications are designations applied to surface water bodies, such as streams, rivers and lakes, which define the best uses to be protected within these waters. Each classification carries with it an associated set of water quality standards to protect those uses. These classifications may also apply to a water supply watershed as a whole. Water supply watersheds are classified as Water Supply Classes I through V (WS I-V) to protect drinking water and recreation uses that involve body contact with water. Rockingham County has a total of seven water supply watersheds classified as WS II-IV. The WS II classification applies to waters in predominantly undeveloped watersheds and includes the Country Line Creek Watershed. The WS III classification is generally for watersheds of low to moderate development and includes the Troublesome Creek Watershed and Lake Reidsville. The WS IV classification applies to waters in moderately to highly developed watersheds and includes the Mayo River, Smith River, Dan River Eden, Dan River Madison, and Haw River Watersheds. Critical and protected areas within these classifications are defined as land within a certain distance of water intake areas (see Map 07: Surface Water Classification, page right.).

Rockingham County enforces North Carolina’s watershed rules.

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Map 07: Surface Water Classification

WATERSHED CLASSIFICATIONS WS-II WS-III NSW WS-IV WSIII (CRITICAL) WS-IV (CRITICAL)

Jordan Lake Watershed Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Ponds and Rivers Sub Basin Watershed Boundary

Soils Survey The soils in Rockingham County are generally rated as being very to somewhat limited for septic tank absorption (see Map 08: Soil Quality, page right). On-site private septic systems are typical throughout the county. Soils are evaluated by the Rockingham County Department of Public Health. The USDA NRCS defines soils that are less suitable for septic systems as follows: “Septic tank absorption fields are areas in which effluent from a septic tank is distributed into the soil through subsurface tiles or perforated pipe. Only that part of the soil between depths of 24 and 60 inches is evaluated. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect absorption of the effluent, construction and maintenance of the system, and public health.”

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Septic systems in Rockingham County are generally of standard design and are approved by the Rockingham County Health Department.

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Map 08: Soil Quality

580000

586000

592000

598000

604000

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616000

79° 25' 41'' W

80° 7' 4'' W

Septic Tank Absorption Fields—Rockingham County, North Carolina

622000

628000

634000

640000

4046000

36° 34' 21'' N

4046000

' 21'' N

¦ ¨ § 4040000

4040000

311

700

§ ¦ /Future I-73 ¨ 220

770

311

§ ¦ ¨ 704

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135

29B

4028000

158

§ ¦ ¨ 29B

65 4022000

/Future I-785

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704

4028000

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220B

4034000

770

4022000

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220

§ ¦ ¨

4016000

§ /Future I-785 ¨ ¦

§ ¦ ¨

158

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150

29B

4016000

§ ¦ /Future I-73 ¨

Detailed soil breakdowns from the USDA-Natural Resource Conservation Service-Web Soil Survey website, identify and qualify where conditions are less favorable for the development of septic systems.

' 40'' N

36° 12' 40'' N

586000

592000

598000

Map Scale: 1:283,000 if printed on A landscape (11" x 8.5") sheet.

4000

8000

16000

604000

610000

616000

Meters 24000

622000

628000

634000

640000 79° 25' 41'' W

80° 7' 4'' W

580000

Feet 0 10000 20000 40000 60000 Map projection: Web Mercator Corner coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 17N WGS84

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Natural Resources Conservation Service

Web Soil Survey National Cooperative Soil Survey

6/24/2020 Page 1 of 20

Existing Infrastructure Water and wastewater utility services are provided in Rockingham County by local municipalities, the County, and two other water providers. In the unincorporated areas, the County provides limited water and wastewater service areas, Dan River Water Company provides limited water service, and some subdivisions have water service provided by Aqua NC. The county contains eight sites with active National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits and has five water intakes. The towns and the County have access to water from the Mayo and Dan Rivers and Lake Reidsville. Wastewater is treated and discharged back into the Mayo, Dan, and Haw Rivers. Rockingham County has limited water and sewer infrastructure and capacity. County-owned water lines extend south along the US 220 corridor from Madison and from Reidsville to US 220 along US 158. These lines also extend up Witty Road from US 158 to Highway 65. A county owned wastewater line runs south from Madison in conjunction with the water line and a second wastewater line is located in Wentworth. This line provides service primarily for the governmental buildings, schools, and Rockingham Community College.

30 • • • Chapter One: County Profile

The County has inter-local agreements for water with Reidsville and Madison for approximately 550,000 and 200,000 gallons per day (GPD) respectively but only uses approximately 90,000 GPD of this capacity. The County has inter-local agreements for wastewater treatment with Madison and Eden for approximately 200,000 and 218,000 GPD respectively but only utilizes approximately 85,000 GPS of this capacity. Even though access to existing water lines is possible along US 220/ I-73, US 158, and a portion of Highway 65, the county will need to increase capacity in order to service new developments along these corridors. The major transportation arteries in the county are highways US 220/I-73, US 158, US 29/I-785, and US 311. Active rail lines run through the towns of Eden, Stoneville, Mayodan, Madison, and Reidsville.

“Rockingham County will continue to increase capacity in order to service new development along the Highway 220 and 158 corridors.“

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Map 09: Existing Infrastructure

LEGEND

W Surface Water Intakes X k j

NPDES Discharge Permits County Force Main County Gravity Sewer

County Water 2004 Type A Public Sewer Systems Railroads Major Rivers

Dan River Water Authority- Water Line Dan River Water Authorit- Sewer Line

2.4 Previous Planning Efforts

RO CKINGHAM Rockingham CCounty OUNTY PAPathways THWWAYS

Rockingham County Farmland Protection Plan Rockingham County Agricultural Advisory Board

A TRAIL PLAN FOR ROCKINGHAM COUNTY

REPORT DRAFT May 2013

PROJECT FUNDED BY THE NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND FARMLAND PRESERVATION TRUST FUND 2010 Authored by: ACDS, LLC

Rockingham County Land Use Plan (2006) The 2006 Rockingham County Land Use Plan served as the previous guide for land use and development within Rockingham County. The plan recommends strategies and policies that focus development along key growth corridors, and encourage greater density without compromising existing rural character. This document serves as an update to the 2006 plan.

32 • • • Chapter One: County Profile

Rockingham County Board of Commissioners’ Strategic Focus Areas (2021) Rockingham County’s FY 20202021 Budget identifies its mission, vision, and strategic focus areas for future growth and development. The seven strategic focus areas include Economic Development, Organizational Efficiency and Effectiveness, Public Safety, Citizen Engagement/Communication, County Appearance/ Environmental Enhancement, Quality of Life, and Education.

Rockingham County Farmland Protection Plan (2010)

Rockingham County Pathways Trails Plan (2013)

The 2010 Rockingham County Farmland Protection Plan serves to analyze the County’s existing agricultural economy and cast a vision for future agricultural growth as the County diversifies its agricultural economy. Key implementation strategies are provided to meet Agricultural Development, Agricultural Protection, and Land Use Control needs.

The 2013 Rockingham County Pathways Trails Plan serves as a guide for recreational trail development throughout the County. Key action steps identified in the plan include applying for grant funding, developing a maintenance plan, and drafting trail easement dedication requirements for developers in the County development ordinance.

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

Strategic Plan

  

2016 - 2020

Comprehensive Transportation Plan

Our Vision Rockingham County Schools will empower each child to be a life-long learner, equipped to contribute in a changing, complex society.

Vision 2020

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC PLAN

Strategic Plan Vision 2020 is our roadmap to transform Rockingham County Schools over the next four years. The plan sets out the goals and strategies we will use to prepare our students and employees by implementing the metrics and milestones designed to measure our progress. Strategic Plan Vision 2020 is not only a plan for RCS, it is also the articulation of aspirations shared by all members of our community.

Rockingham County   October 2010 

Rockingham County Comprehensive Transportation Plan (2010) The 2010 Rockingham County Comprehensive Transportation Plan serves as a guide for maintenance and development of the County’s transportation system through the year 2035. Key improvements include the widening of several highways, addition of two bus routes, enhancing existing bicycle infrastructure, and pedestrian improvements within the town of Wentworth.

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FOCUS AREA 1

FOCUS AREA 2

FOCUS AREA 3

Graduation and Beyond

Safe, Resourced, Supported & Equipped Schools

Stakeholder Involvement/ Engagement

Rockingham County Schools 511 Harrington Highway Eden, NC 27288 www.rock.k12.nc.us (336) 627-2600

February 2016

NCDOT STIP Projects for Rockingham County (2020-29)

Rockingham County Schools Strategic Plan (2016-20)

Economic Development Strategic Plan (2016)

The NC Department of Transportation Statewide Transportation Improvement Program (STIP) outlines the construction, funding, and scheduling of transportation projects throughout the State. The 2020-2029 STIP identifies 24 transportation projects within Rockingham County, including improvements to interstates, highways, bridges, and aviation facilities.

The 2016-2020 Rockingham County Schools Strategic Plan serves as a road map to improve and enhance Rockingham County Schools. The plan focuses on three major goals: adequately prepare students for graduation and beyond; ensure safe, resourced, supported, and equipped schools; and build relationships, collaboration, and engagement among staff, families, and community partners.

The 2016 Rockingham County Economic Development Strategic Plan serves as a guide for the newly restructured Rockingham County Economic Development and Tourism and its allies as they make key investments for economic development. The plan included a review of previous studies, SWOT analysis, and target industry analysis.

Chapter One: County Profile • • • 33

3434• •••• Chapter One: County Profile •

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3 Public Engagement & Guiding Principles 3.1 Tools of Engagement » Project Oversight Committee » Focus Groups

3.2 Emerging Themes This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of public engagement efforts and culminates with key emerging themes that will guide plan recommendations.

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Chapter Three: Public Engagement & Guiding Principles• •••• 35 • 35

3.1 Tools of Engagement The community was engaged throughout the planning process in two major ways. First, a Commissioner-appointed Project Oversight Committee (POC) worked alongside the consultant team and County staff to provide critical input throughout the process. Secondly, a series of focus groups and interviews were conducted in-person and digitally to ensure various interests were represented within the final plan.

Project Oversight Committee The Rockingham County Board of Commissioners appointed a five-member Rockingham Vision 2040 Project Oversight Committee (POC) with representation from across the County to guide plan preparation and provide local perspective and insight. The consultant team conducted approximately six (6) meetings with the POC. The Committee received technical assistance from County staff and the planning consultant team throughout the planning process.

Members of the Commissioner-appointed Land Use Plan and UDO Re-write POC discuss proposed land use planning policies.

36 • • • Chapter Three: Public Engagement & Guiding Principles

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Focus Groups and Interviews The consultant team conducted three (3) focus group meetings during the discovery and analysis phase of the planning process. Members of these focus groups represented a wide range of interests from across the County. Common discussions focused on appropriate development, land uses along the I-73/US 220 and I-785/US 29 corridors, and the role of outdoor recreation in economic development.

Key Points

The Citizens for Economic Development MEETING DATE: JANUARY 15, 2020 Key Points » Keep a balanced approach with a longterm vision » Maintain rural character » Grow services efficiently » Develop broadband infrastructure » Continue transportation system improvements » Consider current and needed capacity of County staff to implement the plan

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Rockingham County Realtors MEETING DATE: JANUARY 15, 2020 Key Points » Home buyers are moving north from Guilford County along US 220/73. » Higher density should be planned in high traffic corridors » Rural character is a strong draw to the County and also supports agritourism. » An Opportunity Zone is designated in the southeast quadrant (south of US 158 and east of US 29) of the County.

Rockingham County Parks and Recreation Advisory Board MEETING DATE: FEBRUARY 19, 2020 Key Points » Preservation of river corridors, historical corridors, equestrian farms, and agriculture (agritourism) is important for recreation. » Development of existing outdoor recreation assets like trails, river access, and state parks is needed. » Development of the Mountains to Sea Trail and additional trail connections should be a priority.

Chapter Three: Public Engagement & Guiding Principles • • • 37

3.2 Emerging Themes and Guiding Principles The Rockingham Vision 2040 Plan Guiding Principles are the result of thoughtful input from the Project Oversight Committee, focus-group participants, and staff. They provide a foundation for the goals and policies outlined in the subsequent chapter (Chapter 4: Recommendations). Furthermore, these principles will help guide decision-making for county leaders as they continue to manage growth and change over the next two decades.

The Guiding Principles

Coordinated Growth Strategically direct growth toward areas that are accessible to existing or planned transportation networks, water and wastewater infrastructure, and compatible with surrounding land uses.

Economic Prosperity Cultivate a diverse economy that encourages the growth of traditional industrial sectors while fostering new opportunities for small business growth and outdoor recreation and event-based tourism.

38 • • • Chapter Three: Public Engagement & Guiding Principles

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Housing Variety Allow for a variety of land development densities appropriate for attracting multiple housing types and families of all ages.

Natural Resource Conservation & Enhanced Public Access Conserve and sustain natural assets, rural landscapes, water quality, and prime agricultural areas. Invest in outdoor recreation infrastructure and improve public access to the county’s rivers and protected natural areas to improve quality of life and attract visitors.

Enhanced Transportation & Mobility Coordinate highway corridor management with NCDOT to improve vehicular traffic flow and interconnectivity within the region.

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Chapter Three: Public Engagement & Guiding Principles • • • 39

40 • • •

4 RECOMMENDATIONS 4.1 Land Use 4.2 Economic Development 4.3 Transportation 4.4 Infrastructure 4.5 Parks and Recreation This chapter provides recommendations that will guide Rockingham County leaders as they make decisions regarding where and how the County will grow to achieve consistency with the Guiding Principles. Policies are outlined for each of these five (5) planning elements.

• • • 41

4.1 Land Use The Future Land Use Map (page right) is a land use policy map intended to provide guidance to Rockingham County’s leaders as they make decisions on where and how the community should grow. It provides the overall structure for orchestrating appropriate patterns of growth and environmental conservation throughout the community.

The Future Land Use Map is informed by existing development trends and adopted land use policy, including the County’s existing zoning districts, watershed protection areas, and water/ sewer service delivery areas. In addition to the methodology described herein, the Future Land Use Map is also based on development concepts that the community articulated and prioritized during the plan process.

The Future Land Use Map was developed using the “transect” methodology, which divides land within the study area into five separate classifications or “sectors” (labeled as O-1 through G-4 and further described on the pages that follow). These range from the most natural (Preserved Lands) to the most urbanized areas (Mixed-Use and Villages), with each sector reflecting the appropriate balance between environmental conservation and development intensity for the area.

Image: Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company

RURAL I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I TRANSECT I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I URBAN

O-1

Conserved Lands • Federal, State, and Local Parks • Greenway Corridors • Rivers and Floodway • Public River Access Areas

O-2

Rural Residential and Agricultural

G-1

Low Density Growth Areas

G-2 Controlled Growth Areas

G-3

Mixed-Use Centers and Corridors

• Single Family Rural Residential • Forestry and Agriculture • Cultivated Farmland and

• Limited Forestry and Agriculture • Agritourism and Ecotourism • Low Density Residential

• Single and Multi-Family Development • Neighborhood Mixed-Use Centers

• Mixed-Residential Subdivisions • Office and Institutional • Regional Commercial

Accessory Structures • Floodplain

• Small Scale Multi-family • Limited Convenience Retail Uses

• Neighborhood Scale Commercial • Civic Uses • Light Industrial Uses

Centers • Industrial Districts

42 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

Exhibit 12: Transect Mapping Methodology This form of mapping and classification is known as “transect mapping,” and is based on the history of human settlement patterns. The Rural-Urban Transect is a conceptual “slice” through the landscape from rural conditions to urban core and relates development potential to the ecological conditions and settlement patterns of the land. The transect creates a hierarchy and provides the primary classification for the environmental and/or built character of the various parts of the County.

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Map 10: Future Land Use

LEGEND 01- CONSERVED LAND Federal, State, Local Parks Rivers & Floodways

02- RURAL RESIDENTIAL & AGRICULTURAL Single Family Residential Agriculture Floodplain

G-1 Low Density Growth Areas G-2 Controlled Growth Areas G-3 Mixed Use Centers and Corridors Municipal and Extraterritorial Zoning Jurisdiction

0-1 Preserved Lands The O-1 transect, indicated by dark green on the Future Land Use Map, is comprised of federal, state, and local parks, greenway corridors, rivers, and floodways. This sector includes existing major conservation lands under the control of government agencies or private conservation agencies. These lands are generally non-developable, but do provide opportunities for recreation, education, ecotourism, and passive recreation. CHARACTERISTICS, LAND USES, AND DEVELOPMENT TYPES: » Parks and open space » Greenways » Public water-access facilities » Natural-resource based passive recreation » Agriculture and forestry

0-1 Preserved Lands Policies 1. Encourage supporting land uses, such as campgrounds, camps, lodging facilities, and recreation-oriented businesses, adjacent to existing public lands located within the O-1 transect. 2. Utilize floodplain and riparian areas, which are unsuitable for development, for recreation infrastructure development, such as greenway and river access areas. 3. Utilize floodplain areas to create linear parks and greenways to connect communities and neighborhoods, commercial districts, and recreation resources. 4. Explore the creation of a stormwater management ordinance to control postconstruction run-off and ensure water quality.

NOTABLE 0-1 PRESERVED LANDS IN ROCKINGHAM COUNTY » Mayo and Haw River State Parks » Dan River Gamelands » Betsy-Jeff Penn 4-H Educational Center » Knight Brown Nature Preserve » Duke Energy Belews Park

“Encourage small business and investment, such as campground, camps, lodging facilities, adjacent to regional parks to provide services to Rockingham visitors. ”

Zoning Ordinance Implications Areas located within the O-1 transect area are generally undevelopable and, if applicable, should generally be zoned Residential-Agriculture (RA), the County’s most rural zoning jurisdiction.

44 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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The Mayo River State Park, managed by the North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation, is part of the O-1 transect area and is located in the County’s Northwest corner. Envisioned as a riverine park along the Mayo River from the Virginia state line to the confluence with the Dan River near Madison, N.C., Mayo River State Park is still under development but now offers recreation amenities along its 2,700 acres and multiple access areas stretching along the 16-mile-long river corridor. (Photo by Others) RO CKI N G H A M VI S I O N 2 0 4 0 L AND U SE M A STER P L AN

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 45

0-2 Rural Lands The O-2 transect is characteristic of the majority of Rockingham County; these relatively undeveloped areas include prime agricultural and forestry lands and low-density residential land uses. Water infrastructure is limited and sewer infrastructure is unavailable. The O-2 areas are intended to remain relatively rural for the next 15-25 years. By maintaining these areas as rural, the County discourages sprawl, while strategically encouraging new growth near existing infrastructure and developed areas. This approach promotes fiscal stewardship by ensuring the efficient use of public facilities and infrastructure.

This transect provides primarily for low density single family residential.

CHARACTERISTICS, LAND USES, AND DEVELOPMENT TYPES: » Parks and Open Space » Single Family Residential » Forestry and Agriculture » Cultivated Farmland and Accessory Structures » Limited Public Water Infrastructure » Sewer Infrastructure Unavailable

Rockingham County has many existing opportunities for outdoor recreation. 46 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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0-2 Rural Lands Policies 1. Support the further development and expansion of agriculture-related operations, including agri-tourism related businesses. 2. Promote institutional uses in rural areas that are compatible with the rural environment, such as churches, schools, community centers, job training centers, social service agencies, and post offices. 3. Work to expand the Rockingham County Voluntary Agricultural District program to ensure any new residential homeowners are aware of nearby agricultural activities. 4. Commercial land uses might be appropriate where former commercial, but vacant, buildings exist. 5. Appropriately manage “High-Impact” industrial land uses to support Rockingham County’s natural resource-based economic development strategy.

6. Update the zoning ordinance to reflect a density average rather than a minimum lot size to encourage dwelling clusters, reduce road infrastructure, and preserve sensitive environmental areas. 7. Update the zoning ordinance to allow flexible development standards within protected watershed areas when allowable.

9. Allow rural subdivisions to be permitted with the Residential-Agriculture (RA) zoning district “by-right” provided dwellings are built to the NC Building Code. 10. Establish a new zoning district for manufactured homes (Manufactured Home Districts (MHD); remove manufactured homes as a permitted use within the ResidentialMixed (RM) zoning district.

8. Preserve the County’s character along roadways by recommending that developers create internal roads for new subdivisions if possible.

Zoning Ordinance Implications Areas located within the O-2 transect area are rural and should generally be zoned Residential-Agriculture (RA), the County’s most rural zoning jurisdiction. However, a Planned Unit Development (PUD) zoning may be appropriate to provide for land use types supporting eco-tourism, agri-tourism, or other types of development requiring a mix of uses, such as campgrounds, small stores, tasting rooms, housing, short-term lodging, etc. Rather than require a minimum lot size, a general density average should be permitted. This approach will encourage dwelling clustering, reduce road infrastructure, and preserve sensitive environmental areas.

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Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 47

G-1 Low Density Growth The G-1 transect, indicated by yellow on the Future Land Use Map, is intended for low-density residential growth and includes areas with limited access to water. Generally, sewer infrastructure is not available in these areas. These areas are adjacent to existing and planned rural neighborhood commercial nodes; residential land uses, including a mix of single-family attached and detached housing, are appropriate within these areas. This transect provides primarily for low density single family residential. However, density may increase depending on the availability of public water.

G-1 Low Density Growth Policies 1. Encourage residential development to be located in areas surrounding existing rural crossroads as identified on the Future Land Use Map. 2. Make provisions for dwelling unit and watershed density averaging to allow developers to take advantage of areas most suitable for development, while preserving riparian areas, poor soils, and steep slopes for open space.

3. Encourage the development of paths and walking trails, where appropriate, within residential communities that can ultimately connect to rural neighborhood commercial centers. 4. Preserve the County’s character along roadways by recommending that developers create internal roads for new subdivisions if possible.

Zoning Ordinance Implications Areas located within the G-1 transect area are rural, but are located near strategic intersections where neighborhood commercial could be appropriate. These areas should generally be zoned Residential-Agriculture (RA) although a Planned Unit Development (PUD) or Residential Mixed (RM) may be appropriate to provide for a mix of housing types or other appropriate uses.

48 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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“These uniquely rural resources are best protected when there is a supportive economic climate that values working lands and a development climate that promotes the conservation of the natural landscape. ”

Source: International City/County Management Association Center for Sustainable RO CKI N G H A M VI S I O N 2 0 4 0 L AND U SE M A STER P L AN Communities

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 49

Exhibit 13.1 : Rural Crossroads Conceptual Plan with Traditional Detached Homes This plan supports neighborhood-oriented commercial development at key crossroads throughout the County. Unfortunately, water and sewer infrastructure is limited in many of these areas, thus limiting design and land use flexibility. Regardless, the County should work toward a land development scenario that supports the county’s rural character with an overall design that helps create a sense of place. Characteristics of this type of plan include, but are not limited to, single-family attached housing surrounding commercial land uses with parking predominantly on the side or rear, and buildings oriented to walkable streets.

Conceptual Design Summary Total Acreage Percentage Open Space Total Units Average Dwelling Units per Acre

283 27% 246 1.15 DU per Acre

Unit Mix Single Family Detached Commercial

242 75,823 SF

Rural neighborhood commercial uses should be developed at strategic crossroads throughout the County. 50 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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3 2

Key Points

1 2

A greenway trail provides connectivity throughout the community. Homes are accessed by an internal residential road network and eliminate driveway cuts along collector roads.

Reduced building setbacks allow for rear and side parking as well as enhanced sense of place.

Stubbed out roads provide for a future connection into existing neighborhoods.

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LEGEND Single Family Detatched Ponds + Rivers 4’ Contours Lot Lines Existing Buildings Note: All drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered when interpreting any law or ordinance.

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 51

Exhibit 13.2 : Rural Crossroads Conceptual Plan with Mixed Housing Types This plan supports neighborhood-oriented commercial development at key crossroads throughout the County. Within some contexts, a traffic circle might be appropriate to encourage more functional traffic flow, provided there are limited driveway connections on nearby collector roads. Even with limited availability of water and sewer infrastructure, the County should encourage the development of small lot single-family and attached single-family uses by promoting joint septic systems within shared open space.

Photo by Others Detached single family homes on smaller lots create neighborhoods with a strong sense of community

52 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

Conceptual Design Summary Total Acreage Percentage Open Space Total Units Average Dwelling Units per Acre

283 28% 338 1.19 DU per Acre

Unit Mix Single Family Detached Single Family Attached Commercial

232 106 88,559 SF

Photo by Others Attached single family homes with alley fed driveways create safer and less congested streets.

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1 3

Key Points

A proposed traffic circle improves intersection safety and flow. Sculptural art within the traffic circles can help establish community character. Clustered development and a mixture of attached and detached homes allows for greenspace opportunities on shared septic fields. Homes are located within walking distance to the commercial core.

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LEGEND Single Family Attached Single Family Detached Ponds + Rivers 4’ Contours Lot Lines Existing Buildings Note: All drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered when interpreting any law or ordinance.

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 53

G-2 Controlled Growth The G-2 transect is intended for neighborhoodscale commercial nodes and medium-density residential development. This sector is characterized by an interconnected local road network with limited access to water and sewer infrastructure. There are 22 commercial growth nodes (i.e. intersections among two collector roads) identified on the Future Land Use Map. Rural neighborhood commercial uses are encouraged at these collector road intersections thereby discouraging inappropriate commercial growth along stretches of the County’s rural roads. Other intersections, not identified on the Future Land Use Map, may be suitable for rural neighborhood commercial development and may be considered for such

development depending on the surrounding context; the nodes identified on the Future Land Use Map were identified by the POC as potentially appropriate locations for this type of land use.

G-2 Controlled Growth Policies Include:

CHARACTERISTICS, LAND USES, AND DEVELOPMENT TYPES:

» Neighborhood commercial uses » Medium-density single family subdivisions » Limited multi-family developments » Civic uses such as schools or County facilities » Agritourism

Zoning Ordinance Implications

1. Provide for neighborhood commercial uses (retail and office) appropriately scaled to serve nearby residential areas. Encourage a range of housing opportunities including single-family and small-scale multi-family to meet the needs of all ages and income levels.

3. Applicants proposing non-residential developments that are not located at intersections identified on the Future Land Use Map should demonstrate appropriate suitability such as location at an intersection, the character of surrounding land use, and factors supporting other policies of this Land Use Plan.

Areas located within the G-2 transect area are rural, but are located near strategic intersections where neighborhood commercial is envisioned. Appropriate zoning for these areas might be Rural Commercial (RC), Neighborhood Commercial (NC), Planned Unit Development (PUD), or Residential Mixed (RM) to provide for a mix of housing types or other appropriate uses.

54 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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G-3 Mixed- Use Centers and Corridors The G-3 transect is supported by the Highway 220 (future I-73) transportation corridor, public water and sewer infrastructure. The US29/ I-785 corridor may also support this transect where appropriate infrastructure is made available. This sector provides for a wide range of uses including mixed commercial and higher density residential uses that support a variety of housing types to maximize the efficient use of space and availability of public water and sewer infrastructure. When possible, these areas should also be supported with a community greenway trail system that links neighborhoods to mixed use areas. CHARACTERISTICS, LAND USES, AND DEVELOPMENT TYPES:

G-3 Mixed-Use Centers and Corridors Policies Include: 1. Plan for adequate water and sewer infrastructure and capacity to serve the US 220 / I-73 corridor and support future industrial, commercial, and high-density residential uses. 2. Encourage the use of the Planned Unit Development (PUD) zoning district to promote a mix of housing and commercial uses. 3. Revise the County’s existing Residential Mixed (RM) zoning district to target future mixed residential development where water and sewer are both available.

5. Encourage commercial uses and mixeduses along the Highway 220 corridor to ensure southern Rockingham County does not become predominately a bedroom community. 6. High intensity development and “Big Box” retail should provide for effective stormwater management systems. 7. Encourage industrial development to incorporate walking trails and workplace fitness areas to promote healthy living.

» Horizontal and vertical mixed-use development 4. Encourage a variety of housing types and » Commercial, office, and institutional densities, such as townhomes, cottage » Multi-family development courtyards, and other “missing middle” housing. » Mixed residential subdivisions » Light Industrial

Zoning Ordinance Implications The G-3 transect area extends along the Highway 220 corridor, Rockingham County’s strategic growth area where water and sewer infrastructure are available. Appropriate zoning for future development along this corridor may include Planned Unit Development (PUD), Residential-Mixed (RM), Highway Commercial (HC), Office and Institutional (OI), or Light Industrial (LI). Depending on the specific geographic context, Heavy Industrial (HI) zoning may be appropriate. RO CKI N G H A M VI S I O N 2 0 4 0 L AND U SE M A STER P L AN

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 55

Exhibit 14: Missing Middle Housing Typologies A movement inspired by designer Daniel Parolek, “Missing Middle Housing” aims to repopulate our landscape with diverse housing options that have been missing in our planning efforts for decades. Providing for a variety of housing types will benefit a variety of citizens who seek walkable communities and more varied home prices.

CHARACTERISTICS: » Walkable Context » Small-Footprint Buildings » Lower Perceived Density » Smaller, Well-Designed Units » Fewer Off-street Parking Spaces » Simple Construction » Creates Community » Marketable

“The County must utilize its water and sewer infrastructure capacity to not only serve business and industry, but also a variety of housing types and densities.”

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Examples There seems to be endless variety for Missing Middle homes. They create streets with dynamic character and incredible beauty.

COTTAGE COURT

TRIPLEX

COURTYARD

FOURPLEX

MULTIPLEX

TOWNHOUSE

DUPLEX

LIVE-WORK

Zoning Ordinance Implications The UDO should include a variety of housing types in appropriate zoning districts. Definitions should create flexibility for flexible combinations of residential uses and building types.

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Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 57

Exhibit 14: Missing Middle Housing Typologies (Cont.)

TOWNHOME A small-to medium-sized attached structure that consists of 2 to 8 multistory dwelling units placed side-by-side. Entries are on the narrow side of the unit and typically face a street or courtyard. The street façades have entrances and avoid garages.

DUPLEX

COTTAGE COURT

SIDE BY SIDE

STACKED

A small (1 to 1.5-story), detached structure that consists of two dwelling units arranged side-by-side, each with an entry from the street. This type has the appearance of a small-tomedium single-unit house and may include a rear yard.

A small (2 to 2.5-story), detached structure that consists of two dwelling units arranged one above the other, each with an entry from the street. This type has the appearance of a small-to-medium singleunit house, may include a rear yard and fits on narrower lots than the sideby-side duplex.

A group of small (1 to 1.5-story), detached structures arranged around a shared court visible from the street. The shared court is an important community-enhancing element and unit entrances should be from the shared court. It replaces the function of a rear yard.

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FOURPLEX

COURTYARD BUILDING

LIVE-WORK

MULTIPLEX

TRIPLEX

A detached (2 to 2.5 story) structure with four dwelling units, two on the ground floor and two above, with shared or individual entries from the street. This type has the appearance of a mediumsized single-unit house and may include a rear yard. This type is attractive to developers by generating four units on a typical 50’ lot.

A medium-to-large sized detached structure consisting of multiple dwelling units oriented around a courtyard or series of courtyards. The courtyard replaces the function of a rear yard and is more open to the street in low intensity neighborhoods and less open to the street in more urban settings.

An attached or detached structure consisting of one dwelling unit above or behind a fire-separated flexible ground floor space that can accommodate a range of non-residential use. The flex space and residential unit typically have separate street entrances. The flex space typically has a taller height (min.10’) and a shopfront frontage. This type does not include a rear yard.

A detached (2 to 2.5 story) structure that consists of 5 to 12 dwelling units arranged side-by-side and/ or stacked, typically with a shared entry from the street. This type has the appearance of a mediumto-large single-unit house and does not include a rear yard.

A small-to-medium (3.5-story) sized detached structure that consists of 3 dwelling units typically stacked on top of each other on consecutive floors, with one entry for the ground floor unit and a shared entry for the units above. This type does not include a rear yard.

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Housing Typology Source: Opticos Design Inc. Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 59

Exhibit 15: Traditional Neighborhood Development Characteristics A Traditional Neighborhood Development, or TND, also known as a village-style development, includes a variety of housing types, a mixture of land uses, an active center, a walkable design and often a transit option within a compact neighborhood scale area. TNDs can be developed either as infill in an existing developed area or as a new large scale project. To qualify as a TND, a project should include a range of housing types, a network of well-connected streets and blocks and a variety of public spaces, and should have amenities such as stores, schools and places of worship within walking distance of residences. The TND concept applies only at the scale of the neighborhood or town, and should not be confused with New Urbanism, which

encompasses all scales of planning and development, from the individual building to an entire region. CHARACTERISTICS: » Creates walkable neighborhoods » Brings life to communities by allowing mixtures of uses » Encourages transportation mode options » Protects open space » Preserves “village center” and public spaces concept » Creates communities designed for live, work and play » Reduces vehicle congestion

ACCESSORY UNITS An accessory dwelling unit, usually just called an ADU, is a secondary housing unit on a single-family residential lot. This option is often desired to provide housing for multiple family generations to live on the same property. Source: MRSC.org

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SINGLE FAMILY HOMES TND projects incorporate many different architectural styles and are not exclusively traditional in aesthetic.

Image Source: Macombrecreationcenter.com RO CKI N G H A M VI S I O N 2 0 4 0 L AND U SE M A STER P L AN

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 61

Exhibit 16: Target Growth Area Scenario Site Plan A This is an example of a tract that would be located within the target growth area. This development scenario would be subject to the availability of water and sewer, which the County Commissioners would need to consider at the time of the development proposal and in relation to other infrastructure commitments and priorities. Assuming such infrastructure were available, this tract (and surrounding tracts) would be appropriate for a Residential-Mixed (RM) zoning district classification. Planned development provides the flexibility to create quality designs for larger tracts in target growth areas. This scenario demonstrates how the RM zone may be utilized to provide for a mix of clustered housing types with the provision of considerable open space. Within this scenario, there are 591 dwelling units on 116 acres for an average of 5.09 units per acre. 20% of the tract remains in shared open space. The following page shows a perspective drawing.

Conceptual Design Summary Total Acreage (excluding commercial out parcel) Percentage Open Space Total Units Average Dwelling Units per Acre

116 Acres 20% 591 5.09 DU/ Acre

Unit Mix Single Family Detached Townhome Cottage Court

297 Units 200 Units 94 Units

Housing Typologies in Addition to Single Family Detached Townhome

Cottage Court

The attached single-family housing type will provide housing variety and community character. 25’ x 100’ lots also allow for optional accessory units, such as detached garages.

A cluster of these medium-to-large sized (1 to 3.5 story) detached structures will increase the density average of the parcel, while allowing for detached homes with excellent pedestrian flow.

Housing Typology Source: Opticos Design Inc. 62 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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3 2 4

LEGEND Detached Single Family + Duplex Cottage Court Townhome Parcels Ponds + Rivers

Key Points

A future outparcel could eventually be developed with commercial uses within walking distance of the neighborhood.

This pocket park can be seen in the foreground of the perspective drawing (page 66). With 20% community open space, this development scenario offers residents functional passive recreation opportunities.

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Streams

A walkable greenway network connects spaces throughout the community.

A pedestrian-friendly boulevard provides for on-street parking and compelling neighborhood connectivity.

The community road network is prepared for future connectivity to adjacent development.

10 Ft Contours 20 Ft Contours Note: All drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered when interpreting any law or ordinance.

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 63

64 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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This Target Growth Area development scenario demonstrates how the Residential-Mixed zone may be utilized to provide for a mix of clustered housing types with the preservation of considerable open space.

Note: All drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered when interpreting any law or ordinance. RO CKI N G H A M VI S I O N 2 0 4 0 L AND U SE M A STER P L AN

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 65

Exhibit 17: Target Growth Area Scenario Site Plan B Conceptual Design Summary

Unit Mix Single Family Detached Townhome Multi-family Commercial

312 Acres 33% 1029 3.29 Du/AcreBert

Twin Creeks

FARM PRESERVATI

346 Units 275 Units 408 Units 85,296 SF*

*With opportunity to develop Multi-Family units above ** Design summary calculations include only the primary design area and cross multiple parcels. Benn

This scenario demonstrates how the PUD zone may be utilized to provide for commercial uses and a mix of clustered housing types with the provision of considerable open space. Within this scenario (for the Primary Development Area), there are 1,029 dwelling units on 312 acres for an average of 3.29 units per acre. 33% of the Primary Development Area is shown as shared open space.

Total Acreage Percentage Open Space Total Units Average Dwelling Units per Acre

Price Farm

1 Quail Acres

This is another scenario for an example tract located within the target growth area. This development scenario would be subject to the availability of water and sewer, which the Commissioners would need to consider at the time of the development proposal and in relation to other infrastructure commitments and priorities. Assuming such infrastructure were available, this tract would be appropriate for a Planned Unit Development (PUD) zoning district classification.

Price F arm

ett Fa

Housing Typologies in Addition to Single Family Detached Multi-Family

Town Home

The Main Street design provides for live-work units that allow residential or office uses above commercial uses, such as retail and restaurants.

Detached structures housing 12 dwelling units are arranged side-by-side and/or stacked, typically with a shared entry from the street. This type has the appearance of a medium-to-large singleunit house and does not include a rear yard.

The attached singlefamily housing type will provide housing variety and community character. 25’ x 100’ lots also allow for optional accessory units, such as detached garages.

66 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

Commercial / Live-Work

ood Rockw

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3 SINGLE-FAMILY SINGLE-FAMILY W/ OPEN SPACE/ FARMLAND PRESERVATION APPROX. DENSITY 1.2 DU/AC

4 Ne

BS CO

Slo Moe

EE CR

ION

Price Farm

Quail Acres

K Orange

Bert

Ponds + Rivers

Housing-type transitions occur at key locations throughout the scenario plan to create interest and variety.

10 Ft Contours

The final phase of development would reserve some internal parcels for potential neighborhood commercial live-work units.

Detached Single Family Commercial Parcels 100 Year Flood Streams 20 Ft Contours Greenway Trail

K CRE E

Note: All drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered when interpreting any law or ordinance.

J A COB S

Legend

Bennett Parcels Ponds & Rivers 100 Year Flood

Streams 10 ft Contours 20 ft Contours

1 inch = 300 feet

300

600 Feet

K CRE E

Site Analysis: Bennett Parcels

Single-Family (Attached) Single-Family (Detached) Commercial

Townhome

J A COB S

The road network is designed to provide for a variety of options to navigate LEGEND Tomorrowthroughout the community. Multi-family

Red Oak

A community greenway trail provides a connectivity throughout the community.

Price Fa

Multi-Family Homes 6

rm ett Fa

Benn

233

EE CR

The perspective drawing (page 70) illustrates the opportunity for Rockingham County to create unique walkable communities and destinations.

Rockwo

Rockingham

LEGEND

ffin

Key Points

BS CO

FARM PRESERVATION

Gri

Twin Creeks

SINGLE-FAMILY W/ OPEN SPACE/ FARMLAND PRESERVATION APPROX. DENSITY 1.2 DU/AC

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Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 67

Rockingham County has the opportunity to create a vibrant village with a mix of commercial and residential uses in the Target Growth Area. This scenario calls for a new village center with a pedestrian focus. A tree lined plaza invites visitors to enter the creekside trail, enjoy local eateries with open-air seating, and meet the residents lucky enough to live in the village.

68 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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Note: All drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered when interpreting any law or ordinance. RO CKI N G H A M VI S I O N 2 0 4 0 L AND U SE M A STER P L AN

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 69

4.2 Economic Development As a County agency, Rockingham County Economic Development and Tourism continues to make significant strides to attract new business and industry and grow the tourism economy. The County must continue to provide staff capacity to effectively respond to new business opportunities and help expand and promote tourism infrastructure. This section highlights three (3) goals which advocate for 1) Business Recruitment, 2) Workforce Development and Job Retention, and 3) Quality of Life and Tourism Development.

The 2016 Rockingham County Economic Development Strategic Plan highlights the County’s primary Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats.

70 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

Exhibit 18: EDC SWOT Analysis STRENGTHS: » Infrastructure » Natural Resources » Sites/ Buildings » Transportation/ Rail

OPPORTUNITIES: » Workforce Availability » Education Partnerships » Tourism Development » Infrastructure Development

WEAKNESSES: » Outside Perception » Youth Retention » Overnight Accommodations » Obsolete Industrial Facilities

THREATS: » Limited Resources » Loss of Industry » Aging Infrastructure » Talent Recruitment and Development

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Goal 1: Continue Efforts to Improve the County’s Position and Ability To Attract New Business and Industry 1. Work in tandem with municipal partners to maintain, develop, and promote existing and new shovel-ready industrial sites.

4. Explore an expansion of municipal sewer operations and interlocal agreements to ensure southern Rockingham County can effectively grow.

2. Expand water and sewer infrastructure to promote new development in accordance with the Future Land Use Map (page 45).

Continue efforts to position Shiloh Airport 5. as a viable regional airport through the implementation of the Airport Improvement Program for facility expansion.

Work with private developers to promote available 3. industrial zoned property located in the South Rockingham County Corporate Park.

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Partner with municipalities to improve Main 6. Streets through enhanced streetscape infrastructure and beautification.

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 71

Exhibit 19: Shovel-Ready and Open for Business: Existing Rockingham County Industrial Sites Rockingham County controls two shovel-ready industrial sites which are located within the Cities of Eden and Reidsville. Both sites have undergone a prequalification process to ensure they meet a consistent set of standards and are “shovel ready” for immediate development.

72 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

These North Carolina Certified Sites reduce the risks associated with development by providing detailed information about the site, including price and availability, utilities, access, environmental concerns and potential development costs.

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(Left) The Eden Industrial Center site is approximately 12.72 acres and located on Commerce Lane within the Eden City Limits. The site is owned by the County’s private, non-profit partner organization, Citizens for Economic Development. The City and Rockingham County have completed a conceptual site plan for the parcel that includes an approximately 150,000 square foot industrial building.

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(Above) The Reidsville Industrial Park Lot 10 North is approximately 42 acres and located on Sands Road and Energy Court within the City of Reidsville. The site is owned by Rockingham County. A conceptual site plan for the parcel includes a 200,000 square foot industrial building.

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 73

Goal 2. Promote the Development of New Commercial Opportunities While Supporting the Retention and Expansion of Existing Businesses.

Goal 3. Promote sustainable tourism development that improves quality of life for residents and preserves the natural and cultural resources of the County.

1. Ensure adequate infrastructure and public services to meet current and future market demand for residential, commercial, and industrial development, particularly along the US 220 / I-73 corridor (G-3 Land Use Transect).

1. Consider Increasing the County’s occupancy tax rate by 1% to fully capture the 6% allowed by the NC General Assembly.

2. Encourage new and expanding businesses including small-business start-ups and spin offs that diversify the local economy and train and utilize a skilled labor force. 3. Conduct bi-annual meetings among high school and Rockingham Community College leaders to discuss education and skill needs for existing and future industry. 4. Continue to monitor early warning signs to identify businesses in trouble. Early warning indicators can include employment reductions, utility usage reductions, changes in management/ownership, lease expiration, landlocked, etc.

74 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

2. Develop an interlocal governmental sports committee that focuses on 1) utilizing existing sports complexes to maximize tournament play throughout the year; and 2) expanding sports-related infrastructure to continue growing this economic opportunity. 3. Provide leadership to the Recreation Advisory Committee to continue planning and developing new recreation opportunities.

5. Encourage the development of short-term lodging establishments (such as Airbnb and VRBO) surrounding public lands. 6. Encourage investment in new outdoor recreation amenities, visitor attractions, destinations, eco-tourism opportunities, and outdoor recreation infrastructure. 7. Work with historic Main Street communities throughout the County to encourage streetscape improvements and revitalization efforts. 8. Develop a county-wide vehicular wayfinding system that directs visitors to natural and cultural resource destinations.

4. Create a county-wide parks and recreation master plan, or consider focusing solely on an outdoor recreation master plan that emphasizes trails, greenways, and paddle trails.

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Exhibit 20: Investing in Main Street

The Rockingham County Economic Development and Tourism Department must partner with the County’s historic Main Street communities to ensure downtown revitalization efforts.

Key Points

North Market Street

This conceptual plan and rendering, which reimagines the intersection of Murphy Street and Market Street in downtown Madison (existing image above), illustrates how streetscape improvements can create a more functional and vibrant town center.

Enhanced bump-out at intersection with mountable curb & decorative pavers

Paved pedestrian crossing

Native landscape with shade tree for streetscape enhancement

Mast arms & stop bar at intersection

East Murphy Street

As an alternative concept (see above), the mast arms and lights are replaced with a four-way stop. Town officials should encourage DOT to conduct a traffic study to determine if a light is warranted.

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Note: All drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered when interpreting any law or ordinance.

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 75

4.3 Transportation Transportation is a vital element in creating and maintaining a prosperous Rockingham County. There are significant transportation enhancements on the horizon that will fundamentally change the opportunity for growth and economic development in the future. County leaders must continue to advocate for these improvements, particularly the extension of I-73 and I-785 corridors, while ensuring highquality, coordinated growth in accordance with this plan.

Transportation- Related Goals Include: 1. Continue to advocate for the implementation of Rockingham County transportation projects identified in the State Transportation Improvement Plan (STIP). 2. Advocate for the remainder of Highway 220 to be upgraded to I-73 and included as part of Rockingham County’s future STIP. 3. Advocate for the remainder of Highway 29 to be upgraded to I-785 to the Virginia line and included as part of Rockingham County’s future STIP.

4. Develop a county-wide Collector Street Master Plan to provide clear recommendations to NCDOT for expanding and improving transportation network and access management throughout Rockingham County. 5. Preserve the County’s character along the roadways by recommending that developers create internal roads for new subdivisions. Continue efforts to upgrade and extend 6. the Shiloh Airport runway and provide for additional T-hangars. Work in partnership with the Commissioner7. appointed Recreation Advisory Committee to update and facilitate the implementation of the County’s adopted Greenway Master Plan to provide for alternative transportation. Work with the PTRC Rural Planning 8. Organization to include an update to the 2010 Comprehensive Transportation Plan (CTP) within their annual work plan.

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Map 11: Transportation and Infrastructure

STIP IMPROVEMENTS: Sidewalk & Multi-Use Paths Road Intersection/ Bridges Interchange Airport

OTHER: Major Roads Minor Roads Railroads

ETJs Major Rivers

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 77

4.4 Infrastructure Planned water and sewer infrastructure extensions along the US 220 / I-73 corridor provide a significant opportunity for new industry, commercial, and mixed-residential development. The County should continue to execute its capital Infrastructure Capital Improvement Plan (Appendix A-1), while working toward expanded broadband and cellular coverage. Specific infrastructurerelated goals are listed to the right.

Infrastructure- Related Goals Include: 1. Continue efforts to expand broadband, high-speed internet, and cellular coverage throughout the County. 2. Expand water and sewer infrastructure along the US 220 / I-73 corridor and other targeted growth areas to promote new development in accordance with the Future Land Use Map (page 45).

Continue to maintain and improve the County’s water infrastructure in accordance with the Infrastructure Capital Improvement Plan.

CURRENTLY FUNDED PROJECTS: » Madison-Mayodan Regional Interconnection » Gold Hill Road Water Main Extension » NC Highway 65 Road Water Main Extension » Booster Pump Station (Gold Hillupgrade) » Elevated Storage Tank (500,000 gal.) on Sylvania Road

Highway 220 Corridor 78 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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Map 12: Water Infrastructure Plan

LEGEND Dan River Water Line Existing Water Line Proposed Water Line Major Rivers

Railroads ETJs

4. Continue to maintain and improve the County’s sewer infrastructure in accordance with the Infrastructure Capital Improvement Plan.

CURRENTLY FUNDED PROJECTS : » I-73 Sanitary Sewer Improvements » Ontex Pump Station and Sewer Extension

FUTURE (REQUIRE APPROPRIATION) : » Corporate Park Sewer Outfall to Boone Road » Corporate Park Gravity Sewer – North Property » I-73/ US 220 Capacity Improvements a. Madison Pump Station & Force Main Upgrades b. Hogans Creek Pump Station & Force Main Upgrades c. Gold Hill Pump Station & Force Main Upgrades d. Red Birch Pump Station & Force Main Upgrades

80 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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Map 13: Sewer Infrastructure Plan

LEGEND Existing Sewer Line Proposed Sewer Line Existing Sewer Line Major Rivers

Railroads ETJs

4.5 Parks and Recreation There is overwhelming consensus among citizens and community leaders that recreation will serve as a key component of Rockingham County’s economy. As a rural county striving to attract investment, tourism, young families, and retirees, Rockingham County should continue to create safe and accessible trails and greenways, inviting parks and open spaces, and connectivity to its public lands and rivers. To realize this vision, Rockingham County should take advantage of its many recreation resources and assets (see Map 14: Recreation Assets, page right) and work collectively to implement the following goals and policies.

Goals and Policies 1. Develop organizational support for recreation initiatives. » Continue to support the Commissionerappointed Parks and Recreation Advisory Board through staff support and leadership to implement county-adopted recreation plans. » Partner with NC State Parks and other nonprofit organizations (such as Dan River Basin Association) to improve resources, access, and safety. » Develop an interlocal Sports Committee that focuses on 1) utilizing existing sports complexes to maximize tournament play throughout the year; and 2) expanding sports-related infrastructure to continue growing this economic opportunity.

Invest in long-range planning and capital improvement planning. » Create a county-wide parks and recreation master plan and coordinate with other agencies planning and developing recreation opportunities. » Refine and implement the Belews Park Master Plan (Exhibit 22). » Refine and implement the Rockingham County Greenway Master Plan (Exhibit 23). » Develop a recreation focused Capital Improvement Plan that provides an annual financial commitment to recreation infrastructure improvements.

“As a rural county striving to attract investment, tourism, young families, and retirees, Rockingham County should continue creating safe and accessible trails and greenways, inviting parks and open spaces, and connectivity to its public lands and rivers.“

82 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

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Map 14: Recreation Assets

LEGEND Parks River Access Trails & Greenways

Ponds and Rivers Voluntary Agriculture Districts Extraterritorial Jurisdiction NC Parks Future Acquisition State Ownership

Piedmont Land Conservancy (PLC) Agriculture Easements (PLC) Bike Routes

PTRC Trails: Existing Planned Proposed

Chapter Four: Recommendations • • • 83

EXHIBIT 21: BELEWS PARK MASTER PLAN RENDERING BELEWS PARK MASTER PLAN

2018

PICNIC SHELTER / RESTROOM

FUTURE CONNECTION TO BELEWS LAKE ACCESS / KNIGHT BROWN PRESERVE

ADVENTURE PLAYGROUND (0.2 ACRES) DISC GOLF (18 HOLES)

1 3 4

PARKING (110)

STORM-WATER FACILITY

EXISTING OPEN SPACE

PAVED TRAIL (0.8 MILES)

PICNIC AREA & OVERLOOK

PROPOSED OPEN SPACE

TREE-TOP CANOPY WALK (0.33 MILES)

DOG PARK (1.6 ACRES)

BOARDWALK MULTI-USE TRAIL (0.6 MILES)

BEGINNER MOUNTAIN BIKE TRAIL (0.30 MILES)

BOARDWALK 9

TRAIL CONNECTION TO BELEWS LANDING

NATURAL SURFACE TRAIL (1.4 MILES) LITTLE HOGANS CREEK

BRIDGE 10

OVERLOOK CONNECTION TO FUTURE REGIONAL TRAIL

ADVANCED MOUNTAIN BIKE TRAILS (15.7 ACRES / 3-4 MILES)

INTERMEDIATE MOUNTAIN BIKE TRAILS (15.5 ACRES / 3-4 MILES)

DRAFT MASTER PLAN PHASE THREE: DRAFT MASTER PLAN

Legend 1. Tree-Top Canopy Wall 2. Picnic Shelter and Restroom 3. Parking 4. Multi-use Trail 5. Mountain Bike Trails 6. Natural Surface Trail 7. Paved Trail 8. Picnic Area and Overlook

84 • • • Chapter Four: Recommendations

9. Adventure Playground and Overlook 10. Open Space 11. Dog Park 12. Storm Water Facility 13. Disc Golf

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Pilot Project not in any particular

Executive Summary—DRAFT EXHIBIT 22: ROCKINGHAM COUNTY GREENWAY MASTER PLAN Executive Summary—DRAFT

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Pilot Project not in any particular

May 2013 May 2013

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5 Implementation 5.1 Implementation Matrix This chapter features a summary of the goals and policies provided for within the previous chapter. In addition, a project leader and timeline are assigned to each policy. Collectively, the Rockingham County Vision Plan provides direction for significant development ordinance changes, infrastructure expansion, partnerships, and future plan efforts.

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Implementation • • • 87

5.1 Implementation Matrix The Rockingham Vision 2040 Plan provides a long-range vision for achieving the five (5) guiding principles identified during the planning process: 1) Coordinated Growth; 2) Economic Prosperity; 3) Housing Variety; 4) Natural Resource Conservation & Enhanced Public Access; and 5) Enhanced Transportation & Mobility. This chapter includes a summary matrix of all recommended goals, policies, and actions, including a reference to one or more of the plan guiding principles. In addition, the summary matrix identifies whether the action requires a policy change or a capital investment. Lastly, a project lead is noted for each action along with an implementation timeframe. More specific timeframes can be assigned as budget priorities are established

Coordinated Growth

Enhanced Transportation & Mobility

88 • • • Implementation

Economic Prosperity

Natural Resource Conservation & Enhanced Public Access

Housing Variety

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Goal Type

LAND USE

Policy

Capital Improvement

Project Lead

Timeframe

O1-1. Encourage supporting land uses, such as campgrounds, camps, lodging facilities, and recreation-oriented businesses, adjacent to existing public lands located within the O-1 transect.

Planning

Ongoing

O1-2. Utilize floodplain and riparian areas, which are unsuitable for development, for recreation infrastructure development, such as greenway and river access areas.

Planning

Ongoing

O1-3. Utilize floodplain areas to create linear parks and greenways to connect communities and neighborhoods, commercial districts, and recreation resources.

Planning

Ongoing

O1-4. Explore the creation of a stormwater management ordinance to control post-construction run-off and ensure water quality.

Planning

Ongoing

O2-1. Support the further development and expansion of agriculturerelated operations, including agri-tourism related businesses.

Planning

Ongoing

O2-2. Promote institutional uses in rural areas that are compatible with the rural environment, such as churches, schools, community centers, job training centers, social service agencies, and post offices.

Planning

Ongoing

O2-3. Work to expand the Rockingham County Voluntary Agricultural District program to ensure any new residential homeowners are aware of nearby agricultural activities.

Planning

Ongoing

O2-4. Commercial land uses might be appropriate where former commercial, but vacant, buildings exist.

Planning

Ongoing

O2-5. Appropriately manage “High-Impact” industrial land uses to support Rockingham County’s natural resource-based economic development strategy.

Planning

Ongoing

O2-6. Update the zoning ordinance to reflect a density average rather than a minimum lot size to encourage dwelling clusters, reduce road infrastructure, and preserve sensitive environmental areas.

Planning

<3 Years

Guiding Principles

0-1 Preserved Land Policies

0-2 Reserved Land Policies

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Implementation • • • 89

Goal Type

LAND USE (CONT.)

Policy

Capital Improvement

Project Lead

Timeframe

O2-7. Update the zoning ordinance to allow flexible development standards within protected watershed areas when allowable.

Planning

Ongoing

O2-8. Preserve the County’s character along roadways by recommending that developers create internal roads for new subdivisions if possible.

Planning

Ongoing

O2-9. Allow rural subdivisions to be permitted with the ResidentialAgriculture (RA) zoning district “by-right” provided dwellings are built to the NC Building Code.

Planning

<3 Years

O2-11. Establish a new zoning district for manufactured homes (Manufactured Home Districts (MHD); remove manufactured homes as a permitted use within the Residential-Mixed (RM) zoning district.

Planning

<3 Years

G1-1. Encourage residential development to be located in areas surrounding existing rural crossroads as identified on the Future Land Use Map.

Planning

Ongoing

G1-2. Make provisions for dwelling unit and watershed density averaging to allow developers to take advantage of areas most suitable for development, while preserving riparian areas, poor soils, and steep slopes for open space.

Planning

Ongoing

G1-3. Encourage the development of paths and walking trails, where appropriate, within residential communities that can ultimately connect to rural neighborhood commercial centers.

Planning

Ongoing

G1-4. Preserve the County’s character along roadways by recommending that developers create internal roads for new subdivisions if possible.

Planning

Ongoing

G2-1. Provide for neighborhood commercial uses (retail and office) appropriately scaled to serve nearby residential areas.

Planning

Ongoing

G2-2. Encourage a range of housing opportunities including singlefamily and small-scale multi-family to meet the needs of all ages and income levels.

Planning

Ongoing

Guiding Principles

G-1 Low Density Growth Policies

G-2 Controlled Growth Policies

90 • • • Implementation

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Goal Type

LAND USE (CONT.)

Capital Improvement

Project Lead

Timeframe

Planning

Ongoing

G3-1. Plan for adequate water and sewer infrastructure and capacity to serve the Highway 220 corridor and support future industrial, commercial, and high-density residential uses.

Planning

Ongoing

G3-2. Encourage the use of the Planned Unit Development (PUD) zoning district to promote a mix of housing and commercial uses.

Planning

<3 Years

G3-3. Revise the County’s existing Residential Mixed (RM) zoning district to target future mixed residential development where water and sewer are both available.

Planning

<3 Years

G3-4. Encourage a variety of housing types and densities, such as townhomes, cottage courtyards, and other “missing middle” housing.

Planning

Ongoing

G3-5. Encourage commercial uses and mixed-uses along the Highway 220 corridor to ensure southern Rockingham County does not become predominately a bedroom community.

Planning

Ongoing

G3-6. High intensity development and “Big Box” retail should provide for effective stormwater management systems.

Planning

Ongoing

G3-7. Encourage industrial development to incorporate walking trails and workplace fitness areas to promote healthy living.

Planning

Ongoing

G2-3 Applicants proposing non-residential developments that are not located at intersections identified on the Future Land Use Map should demonstrate appropriate suitability such as location at an intersection, the character of surrounding land use, and factors supporting other policies of this Land Use Plan.

Policy

Guiding Principles

G-3 Mixed-Use Centers & Corridors

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Goal Type

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Policy

Capital Improvement

Project Lead

Timeframe

Guiding Principles

Goal 1: Continue Efforts to Improve the County’s Position and Ability To Attract New Business and Industry 1.1. Work in tandem with municipal partners to maintain, develop, and promote existing and new shovel-ready industrial sites.

EDC

Ongoing

1.2 Expand water and sewer infrastructure to promote new development in accordance with the Future Land Use Map (page 45).

EDC , Public Works

Ongoing

1.3 Work with private developers to promote available industrial zoned property located in the South Rockingham County Corporate Park.

EDC

Ongoing

EDC , Public Works

Ongoing

1.5 Continue efforts to position Shiloh Airport as a viable regional airport through the implementation of the Airport Improvement Program for facility expansion.

EDC

Ongoing

1.6 Partner with municipalities to improve Main Streets through enhanced streetscape infrastructure and beautification.

EDC

Ongoing

1.4 Explore an expansion of municipal sewer operations and interlocal agreements to ensure southern Rockingham County can effectively grow.

Goal 2. Promote the development of new commercial opportunities while supporting the retention and expansion of existing businesses. 2.1 Ensure adequate infrastructure and public services to meet current and future market demand for residential, commercial, and industrial development, particularly along the Highway 220 corridor (G-3 Land Use Transect).

EDC , Public Works

Ongoing

EDC , Planning

Ongoing

2.3 Conduct bi-annual meetings among high school and Rockingham Community College leaders to discuss education and skill needs for existing and future industry.

EDC

Ongoing

2.4 Continue to monitor early warning signs to identify businesses in trouble. Early warning indicators can include employment reductions, utility usage reductions, changes in management/ownership, lease expiration, landlocked, etc.

EDC

Ongoing

2.2 Encourage new and expanding businesses including small-business start-ups and spin offs that diversify the local economy and train and utilize a skilled labor force.

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Goal Type

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (CONT.)

Policy

Capital Improvement

Project Lead

Timeframe

Guiding Principles

Goal 3. Promote sustainable tourism development that improves quality of life for residents and preserves the natural and cultural resources of the County. 3.1 Consider increasing the County’s occupancy tax rate by 1% to fully capture the 6% allowed by the NC General Assembly.

EDC, Admin

<3 Years

3.2 Develop an interlocal governmental sports committee that focuses on 1) utilizing existing sports complexes to maximize tournament play throughout the year; and 2) expanding sports-related infrastructure to continue growing this economic opportunity.

EDC, Planning, Public Works

Ongoing

EDC

Ongoing

3.4 Create a county-wide parks and recreation master plan, or consider focusing solely on an outdoor recreation master plan that emphasizes trails, greenways, and paddle trails.

Planning, EDC

Ongoing

3.5 Encourage the development of short-term lodging establishments (such as Airbnb and VRBO) surrounding public lands.

EDC , Planning

Ongoing

3.6 Encourage investment in new outdoor recreation amenities, visitor attractions, destinations, eco-tourism opportunities, and outdoor recreation infrastructure.

EDC

Ongoing

3.7 Work with historic Main Street communities throughout the County to encourage streetscape improvements and revitalization efforts.

EDC

Ongoing

3.8 Develop a county-wide vehicular wayfinding system that directs visitors to natural and cultural resource destinations.

EDC

<3 Years

3.3 Provide leadership to the Recreation Advisory Committee to continue planning and developing new recreation opportunities.

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Goal Type

INFRASTRUCTURE

Capital Improvement

Project Lead

Timeframe

Goal 1: Continue efforts to expand broadband, high-speed internet, and cellular coverage throughout the County.

Admin, EDC, Planning

Ongoing

Goal 2: Expand water and sewer infrastructure along the Highway 220 corridor and other targeted growth areas to promote new development in accordance with the Future Land Use Map (page 45).

Admin, Public Works, EDC, Planning

Ongoing

Goal 3: Continue to maintain and improve the County’s water infrastructure in accordance with the Infrastructure Capital Improvement Plan

Admin, Public Works,EDC, Planning

Ongoing

Goal 4: Continue to maintain and improve the County’s sewer infrastructure in accordance with the Infrastructure Capital Improvement Plan (see Appendix, A-1 for complete report and cost estimates).

Admin, Public Works,EDC, Planning

Ongoing

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Policy

Guiding Principles

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Goal Type

TRANSPORTATION

Capital Improvement

Project Lead

Timeframe

Goal 1: Continue to advocate for the implementation of Rockingham County transportation projects identified in the State Transportation Improvement Plan (STIP).

Admin, EDC, Planning

Ongoing

Goal 2: Advocate for the remainder of Highway 220 to be upgraded to I-73 and included as part of Rockingham County’s future STIP.

Admin, EDC, Planning

Ongoing

Goal 3: Advocate for the remainder of Highway 29 to be upgraded to I-785 to the Virginia line and included as part of Rockingham County’s future STIP.

Admin, EDC, Planning

Ongoing

Goal 4: Develop a county-wide Collector Street Master Plan to provide clear recommendations to NCDOT for expanding and improving transportation network and access management throughout Rockingham County.

Admin, EDC, Planning

Ongoing

Goal 5: Preserve the County’s character along the roadways by recommending that developers create internal roads for new subdivisions.

Admin, EDC, Planning

Ongoing

Goal 6: Continue efforts to upgrade and extend the Shiloh Airport runway and provide for additional T-hangars.

Admin, EDC, Planning

Ongoing

Goal 7: Work in partnership with the Commissioner-appointed Recreation Advisory Committee to update and facilitate the implementation of the County’s adopted Greenway Master Plan to provide for alternative transportation.

Admin, EDC, Planning

Ongoing

Goal 8: Work with the PTRC Rural Planning Organization to include an update to the 2010 Comprehensive Transportation Plan (CTP) within their annual work plan.

Admin, EDC, Planning

<3 Years

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Guiding Principles

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Goal Type

RECREATION

Policy

Capital Improvement

Project Lead

Timeframe

Guiding Principles

1. Develop organizational support for recreation initiatives. 1.1. Continue to support the Commissioner-appointed Parks and Recreation Advisory Board through staff support and leadership to implement county-adopted recreation plans.

Public Works,EDC, Planning

Ongoing

1.2. Partner with NC State Parks and other nonprofit organizations (such as Dan River Basin Association) to improve resources, access, and safety.

Public Works,EDC, Planning

Ongoing

1.3. Develop an interlocal Sports Committee that focuses on 1) utilizing existing sports complexes to maximize tournament play throughout the year; and 2) expanding sports-related infrastructure to continue growing this economic opportunity.

Public Works,EDC, Planning

Ongoing

2. Invest in long-range planning and capital improvement planning. 2.1. Create a county-wide parks and recreation master plan and coordinate with other agencies planning and developing recreation opportunities.

Public Works,EDC, Planning

Ongoing

2.2. Refine and implement the Belews Park Master Plan.

Public Works,EDC, Planning

Ongoing

2.3. Refine and implement the Rockingham County Greenway Master Plan.

Public Works,EDC, Planning

Ongoing

2.4. Develop a recreation focused Capital Improvement Plan that provides an annual financial commitment to recreation infrastructure improvements.

Admin, Public Works,EDC, Planning

Ongoing

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