BERGKÄSE ORT VRIN

BERGKÄSE ORT VRIN Exploring reciprocal relations between city & country, consumption & production and man & nature.

Ludo Groen

PERIPHERAL AREAS The unprecedented space explored

“As a consequence of globalisation and changing policy, the European agricultural market will completely change. On European scale, agricultural land-use will drastically change on places with bad climate, soil, water and infrastructure conditions.”

“The decrease of agricultural land is closely related to whether or not present spatial pressure of other functions, like housing, working, nature, recreation and water.”

Ruimtelijk Planbureau, 2003.

INDUSTRY consumption & production

ALIENATION man & product

ALIENATION Hegel & Marx

For Hegel, the history of man is similar to the history of man's alienation (Entfremdung).

"What the mind really strives for, is the realisation of its notion; but in doing so it hides that goal from its own vision and is proud and well satisďŹ ed in this alienation from its own essence.â€?

The Philosophy of History, 1899

For Marx, work is the active relatedness of man to nature, the creation of a new world, including the creation of man himself.

But as private property and the division of labor develop, labor and its products assume an existence separate from man, his will and his planning.

As a result, the object produced by labor, its product, now stands opposed to it as an alien being, as a power independent of the producer.

LANDSCAPE consumption & production

ALIENATION man & nature

CONSUMPTION LANDSCAPE retreat & tourism

PRODUCTION LANDSCAPE energy & agriculture

SWITZERLAND spatial expression alienation

The spatial expression of this is a polarised regional development, with prospering cores surrounded by fallow land.

Vrin ETH Studio Basel

How to achieve a reciprocal relation, between city and country, consumption and production, and ultimately man and nature?

THE PRODUCING MAN monastery & factory

ag afleiden van het wezenlijke. Het is het wezenlijke al, het is afgeleid van de meest eenvoudige grondvormen en verhoudingen van

t schoonheid en rust, en kunnen we daarmee leven. (…) In de natuur, in de architectuur, in de lichtval, in de muziek.”

CASE STUDY MONASTERY introversion & simplicity

CONCEPT factory & resort

By combining the typology of a tourism resort with a cheesefactory, the notion of Ora et Labora is used to teach visitors again to focus on the core activity of production, cheese making and working on the ďŹ elds, in order that they may contemplate on their lives.

By making use of the free labour of visitors, traditional labour-intensive farming and cheesemaking-methods can become proďŹ table again and provide a new future for Vrin.

ARCHITECTURE experience & introversion

Phase 1: Farms: 8 farmers (with 15 double purpose cows, 10 calves, 50 hectares of land and 8 barns) DorKotel: 8 rooms of each 25-30 m2, for 2 persons (on total of 250 inhabitants) Käserei: 8 * 135 tons kg milk a year (33%) + import 2.160 ton kg milk a year (67%) = 3.240 tons kg milk a year = ¹ 650 m2

RITUALS material materialflow flow labour labourflow flow energy energyflow flow wasteflow flow waste waterflow flow water

reinterpretation vertical system of farming

FARMER A

SUMMER

FARMER B

[10.30-12.30AM] WORK ON FIELDS: > mowing hay lab our on small tractor gue sts > transporting and storing hay for winter > cattle guiding from one field to another > maintenance fences fields > removal of manure from barns

raw

for for w MILKING ON FIELDS: > cattle guiding to barn > milking with portable semi-automatic machines

lab

our

k

gue sts

ma nur e

[9.00-9.30AM] [12.30AM]

WINTER

FEEDING & lab our BARN CLEANING: gue sts > feeding cattle with hay, straw and supplements > manure cleaning in barns > collecting manure and transport to central point in village

WALKING ROUTE TO ALPINE FIELDS

TRANSPORT OF MILK AND MANURE > driving on small tractors

bio gas

MILKING IN BARNS: > milking with portable lab our semi-automatic machines gu

TRANSPORT OF MILK AND MANURE > driving on small tractors

raw milk manure

WAKING UP AT BARNS

guests

cheese

heating of raw milk

cheese

[12.30PM]

[14.00PM]

[16.00PM]

UNLOADING MILK IN STORAGE SILO

CHEESEMAKING IN FACTORY: > adding lactic ferments, herbs, ed > pressed cheeses loosing from molds > brining cheeses in bath

CHEESERIPENING: > turning cheeses in storage > tasting in refectory

guests

[8.30AM]

[8.00AM]

ilk

e

[12.30AM]

ests

raw m ma nur

[9.30-10.30AM]

labour g u

WAKING UP AT BARNS

est s

manure

ter

inte r

[9.30-10.30AM]

mil

[10.30-12.30AM]

win

[13.00PM] LUNCH AT REFECTORY

[12.30PM] UNLOADING MANURE AT FERMENTATION PLANT

waste water

[17.00PM] WASTEWATER TREATMENT

filtered manure

biogas residue

[16.00PM] FERMENTATION PLANT

biogas

Chur

natural park infrastructure development tourism water

Lumnezia Valley 1:75.000

Ilanz

Luven

Obersaxen wintersport

Disentis / Muster

Morissen

Cumbel

Vella

Degen

Vignogn

Lumbrein

Surin Vrin Dado

Vrin Cons Ligiazun Sogn Giusep Puzzatsch

Greina mountain pass Olivone

Therme Vals

Vals

FLOWS AT CENTRAL & DECENTRAL SCALE material materialflow flow labour labourflow flow energy energyflow flow wasteflow flow waste waterflow flow water

POWER 125.000 kWh / year for factory

CENTRAL - FACTORY -

MILK (T= 4 Celcius) Phase 1: 120 double purpose cows = 3000 L milk per day + import milk from valley: = 6000 L milk per day o

SILO RAW MILK size: 2 x 5.000 L

CURDLING heating to 62 C addition of lactic ferments size: 2 x 1.500 L

WASTEWATER TREATMENT

RESIDUE

SILO MANURE STORAGE

BRINING for 4 hours in brining bath

CHEESE 90 cheeses a 10 kg / day

RIPENING ripening for 6 - 24 months turning every 3 - 21 days

WHEY 8.000 L / day

WATER

Phase 2: 360 double purpose cows = 9000 L milk per day

MANURE (T = 40o Celcius)

PRESSING seperation of liquids (whey) and solids (curds) 60 cheeses

WASTEHEAT RECOVERY WHEY 8.000 L / day seperation of liquids (whey) and solids (curds)

MANURE 4000 tons kg / year

Phase 1: 120 double purpose cows 80 calves = 20 tons kg per day

RECOVERED HEAT

FERMENTATION total size ±300 m3

POWER 100.000 kWh

POWER 225.000 kWh / year BIOGAS 120.000 m3 / year

Phase 2: 360 double purpose cows 240 calves = 60 tons kg per day

COMBINED HEAT & POWER PLANT (CHP) total size 4 m2

HEAT 1.7 TJ

HEAT 1.7 TJ

DECENTRAL - FARMS-

o

MILK (T= 4 Celcius)

DIGESTATE higher fertilizer value than unfertilized manure

MANURE raw milk

EATING GRASS ON FIELDS (summer)

milking

MILKING ON FIELDS (summer)

TRANSPORTATION

manure

GROWING GRASS ON FIELDS mowing grass

EATING HAY IN BARNS (winter)

milking

MILKING IN BARNS (winter)

raw milk

MEAT: Phase 1: 120 double purpose cows ± 300 kg meat / cow average age of slaughter 7 years = 5.000 kg meat / year Phase 2: 360 double purpose cows = 15.000 kg meat / year

rooflight structure laminated glass 15mm insulated double glazing 25mm window frame elastic rubber profile thermal bridge interruption 20mm

galvanised steel profile prefab concrete lintel 265x160mm

vegetation soil 120mm gravel 30mm drainage mat 20mm

facade structure Rc =6,0 m².K/W masonry local stone 265mm

insulation (Kooltherm K8) 115mm rainwater drainage waterproof layer (bitumen paint) concrete in-situ wall 200mm

vertical window detail | 1:10

+4750 roof ridge

+4750 roof ridge

+4750 roof ridge

roof structure Rc =6,0 m².K/W local stone tiles tiling battens 36x74mm counter battens 48x48mm with ventilated cavity waterproof layer (vapor-permeable) roof boards 18mm thermal insulation 120mm (Kooltherm K7) vapor barrier planking 20x200mm rafter 240x115mm

+3500 roof gutter

+3500 roof gutter

roof structure Rc =6,0 m².K/W local stone tiles tiling battens 36x74mm counter battens 48x48mm with ventilated cavity waterproof layer (vapor-permeable) roof boards 18mm thermal insulation 120mm (Kooltherm K7) vapor barrier planking 20x200mm rafter 240x115mm

+3500 roof gutter tion ventila

settling allowance 44mm

facade structure Rc =4,5 m².K/W logs larch 115mm thermal insulation 115mm logs larch 115mm settling allowance 44mm

roof structure Rc =4,5 m².K/W soil 120mm filter layer gravel 30mm galvanised steel profile enkadrain 20mm waterproof layer thermal insulation 120mm damp-proof membrane concrete roof 200mm

peil=0 groundfloor

floor finish screed 80mm damp-proof membrane concrete in-situ floor 200mm

peil=0 groundfloor

floor finish screed 80mm damp-proof membrane concrete in-situ floor 200mm

peil=0 groundfloor

facade structure Rc = 6,0 m².K/W masonry local stone 265mm insulation (Kooltherm K8) 115mm waterproof layer (bitumen paint) concrete in-situ 200mm

elevation interior | 1:20

elevation exterior | 1:20 facade structure Rc = 0,5 m².K/W porous boards 60mm waterproof layer (bitumen paint) concrete in-situ 200mm

2' -4040 basement

polyurethane floor finish screed 80mm damp-proof membrane concrete in-situ 240mm lean concrete 50mm

2'

2

2

L

L'

M

M'

horizontal section | 1:20

M' 2

2'

vertical section | 1:20

M

L'

L

horizontal section | 1:20

roof structure Rc =6,0 m².K/W

roof structure Rc =6,0 m².K/W

local stone tiles

local stone tiles

tiling battens 36x74mm

tiling battens 36x74mm

counter battens 48x48mm with ventilated cavity

counter battens 48x48mm with ventilated cavity

waterproof layer (vapor-permeable)

waterproof layer (vapor-permeable)

roof boards 18mm

roof boards 18mm

thermal insulation 120mm (Kooltherm K7)

thermal insulation 120mm (Kooltherm K7)

gutter

gutter

tion ventila

gutter board 18mm vapor barrier

settling allowance 44mm

vapor barrier

cover strip larch

settling allowance 44mm

cover strip larch

rafter 240x115mm

rafter 240x115mm

facade structure Rc =4,5 m².K/W

facade structure Rc =4,5 m².K/W

log larch 115x200mm

log larch 115x200mm

thermal insulation 115mm (damp-open) log larch 115 mm with settling allowance

tion ventila

gutter board 18mm

thermal insulation 115mm (damp-open)

settling allowance 44mm

log larch 115 mm with settling allowance

lintel larch 260x100mm

settling allowance 44mm

lintel larch 260x100mm

window frame larch 68x80mm

sealing

glazing bead 28x22mm

interior window sill larch

insulated double glazing

sliding hatch covered with larch planking 200x25 mm

vertical window detail | 1:10

vertical window detail | 1:10