ISSN 1614-4600 · SEP · OCT £13 · US$ 24.50 · €18.90
English Edition
Review of Architecture and Construction Details · Serial Construction · Vol. 2017 · 5
∂ Review of Architecture Vol. 5, 2017 • Serial Construction Editorial office: E-mail: redaktion@detail.de Tel.: +49 (0) 89 38 16 20-57 Dr. Sandra Hofmeister (editor-in-chief, V. i. S. d. P.), Sabine Drey, Andreas Gabriel, Frank Kaltenbach, Julia Liese, Michaela Linder, Peter Popp, Maria Remter, Jakob Schoof, Edith Walter, Heide Wessely Christa Schicker (freelance assistants) Dejanira Ornelas Bitterer, Marion Griese, Barbara Kissinger, Emese M. Köszegi (drawings) Editorial team DETAIL product information: Thomas Jakob, Jenny Clay Tel.: +49 (0)89-38 16 20-0 James Roderick O’Donovan, Alisa Kotmair Marc Selway (English translations) Advertising: E-mail: anzeigen@detail.de Tel.: +49 (0) 89-38 16 20-48 Advertisement Sales Representative Cézanne Sales Services Denise Cézanne-Güttich Rotdornstr. 2 41352 Korschenbroich, Germany T: +49 (0)2182 578 39 73 F: +49 (0)2182 578 39 75 M: +49 (0)172 821 0095 E: dcg_detail@cezannesales.com Distribution and marketing: E-mail: mail@detail.de Tel.: +49 (0) 89-38 16 20-0 Subscription contact and customer service: Vertriebsunion Meynen Grosse Hub 10 65344 Eltville, Germany E-mail: detailabo@vertriebsunion.de Tel.: +49 (0) 61-23 92 38-211 Fax: +49 (0) 61-23 92 38-212 Publisher and editorial office: DETAIL Business Information GmbH Hackerbrücke 6 80335 Munich Germany Tel.: +49 (0) 89-38 16 20-0 Fax: +49 (0) 89-39 86 70 www.detail.de/english
The Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana was built in 1942 – the Romans call it the “Colosseo quadrato” (Square Colosseum). Its monumental architecture with its stack of arcades is considered to be a neoclassical variant of Razionalismo. A few years ago, the fashion house Fendi moved its headquarters to the renovated building.
Editorial The Laws of the Series In the 1920s, a group of architects in Milan came together to form a movement that would later be known as Razionalismo. Architecture, they were convinced, must adhere to the rules of reason. They propagated the notion of “pure rhythm”, which was reflected in the repetition of individual elements as a fundamental design principle. Today, the relevance of serial production methods in architecture reach far beyond their significance at the time of Razionalismo. Repetitive structures can not only be found characterising the aesthetic appearance of buildings, they often play a decisive role in complex planning and construction processes, such as in the combination of individual modules or other industrially prefabricated elements. In our July/August issue, we present contemporary buildings that embrace the notion of the series in a variety of ways. For our Documentation section, Burkhard Franke explores examples in which aspects of repetition is used both as a design element and with respect to construction methodologies. A new social housing project by Florian Nagler in Munich, for instance, is a hybrid construction made with prefabricated wood elements (pp. 22ff.). Meanwhile, a student housing complex in Berlin that Holzer Kobler Architekturen built using shipping containers resist any sense of monotony despite their stacked arrangement (pp. 18ff.). For the exemplary French social housing buildings by Poggi & More (pp. 54ff.) near Bordeaux and by PPA architectures in Toulouse (pp. 30ff.), modular components likewise contributed to the reduction of construction costs. Are buildings produced according to serial fabrication methods invariably cost effective? In our Technology feature, Frank Kaltenbach has compiled an overview of recent solutions in refugee housing. The majority of them needed to be built within a short time period and under high budgetary constraints. The ways in which serial production methods seem to be predestined for such demanding projects can be discovered on pages 60ff. Enjoy the issue! Sandra Hofmeister redaktion@detail.de
Reports 1 Editorial Sandra Hofmeister 4
The Tomb of European History Ludger Fischer
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See-Through Storage: A Gallery Extension in London Eva Steidl
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Building as a Collective: Assemble Isabella Marboe
10 Imprint
Discussion 12 Serial Production Methods in Building Construction Jutta Albus
Documentation 18 Student Village in Berlin Holzer Kobler Architekturen 22 Apartment Building, Dantebad, Munich Florian Nagler Architekten 30 Modular Apartments in Toulouse PPA architectures 36 ArtLab of the EPFL Lausanne Kengo Kuma & Associates/Javier Villar Ruiz 42 Feltrinelli Porta Volta in Milan Herzog & de Meuron 48 Residential Tower Blocks in Munich Allmann Sattler Wappner Architekten 54 Social Housing Apartments White Clouds in Saintes More architecture, Poggi architecture
Technology 60 Steel container, timber element or solid? System building – also for refugees Frank Kaltenbach
Products 68 78 84 90
Roofs and Drainage Windows, Doors, Entrances Floors Access, Security, Fire Protection and Smart Systems
96 Service 102 Persons and organizations involved in the planning • Contractors and suppliers 104 Contributors
Discussion
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Residential Tower Blocks in Munich
Architecture: Allmann Sattler Wappner Architekten Structure: bwp burggraf + Reiminger
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Documentation
Siteplan scale 1:5000 Floor Plans scale 1:500 1 2 3 4 5 6
System building using identical elements must not inevitably result in a repetitive stringency. Full height glazing and staggered triangular bay windows that increase in number floor by floor are the characteristics of the two 58 m high residential tower blocks. Directly bordering the railway line, they form the first highpoints in a series of office towers of equal height along the approach to Munich Central Train Station and also flank the busy Friedenheimer Bridge. In design terms the towers, which have five-storey plinths, are linked by their uniform building envelopes, but differ clearly from the hotel buildings in the district and the neighbourhood. The bay windows not only create an unmistakeable appearance, without allowing a glimpse of the neighbouring apartment they offer views along the facades which – combined with a room height of 2.85 m – create an impression of spatial generosity. This benefits above all the compact apartments on the north facade that face towards the park of Schloss Nymphenburg, but also the south side apartments with a view of the Alps, from whose bay windows the inner city silhouette is visible. The large areas of glazing obtained planning approval as the development plan originally envisaged office towers on this site. The demands of noise protection played a major role in designing the building envelope. While the glazing in the 2.90 m high and up to 2.90 m wide facade elements is fixed, in each apartment at least one element has an additional narrow, glazed opening casement as well as an opaque ventilation flap behind a baffle that serves as wind protection. The fresh air intake for the controlled ventilation system is integrated in the facade and the air flows through ducts in the suspended ceiling. Instead of individual outdoor areas in the apartments, there is a generously sized roof terrace for use by all of the residents. The facade elements were mounted from vertically travelling work platforms, positioned along the edges of the building shell, which spanned across the entire front of the building between crane-like scaffolding supports.
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Entrance hall Apartment 44 m2 Roof terrace for 4th floor apartments Roof terrace for 5th floor apartments Apartment 58 m2 Apartment 74 m2
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Residential Tower Blocks in Munich
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Documentation
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Vertical section Horizontal section scale 1:20
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150 mm gravel, three-ply seal 300 mm thermal insulation vapour barrier 250 mm reinforced concrete slab 150 mm suspended ceiling 12,5 mm plasterboard guard rail to roof terrace SHS steel tube 50 ≈ 50 ≈ 3 mm wall construction parapet: 3 mm aluminium powder coated RAL 9010 220 mm cavity 160 mm insulation 150 mm reinforced concrete vapour barrier 60 mm insulation, three-ply sealing layer aluminium sheet glass parapet: laminated safety glass 2≈ 5 mm toughened glass ventilation casement: 12 mm laminated safety glass + 12 mm cavity + 6 mm float glass + 12 mm cavity + 8 mm toughened glass aluminium sheet, sounddeadening coating, 43 mm substructure, seal, 160 mm insulation, membrane 160 mm reinforced concrete suspended ceiling with integrated
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duct for replacement air, sound insulated, 150 mm drainage bay-window roof 2≈ 4 mm laminated safety glass + 14 mm cavity + 6 mm float glass + 14 mm cavity + 2≈ 4 mm laminated safety glass, screen printed strip at upper edge behind sun protection 10 mm parquet, 5 mm adhesive, 65 mm calcium sulphate heated screed 30 mm EPS sound insulation, 40 mm EPS levelling insulation 250 mm reinforced concrete slab suspended ceiling soundproofed integrated ventilation duct, 150 mm glass door to entrance hall 3 mm aluminium powder coated in RAL 9010; 180 mm cavity 3 mm aluminium sheet 140 mm insulation, 10 mm plasterboard, 3 mm aluminium sheet 100 mm insulation 310 ≈ 310 mm reinforced concrete column, 10 mm plasterboard fixed glazing Ug = 0.6 W/m2K/a, g = 39 %, TL = 61.3 %, Ra = 94.3%: 2≈ 4 mm laminated safety glass + 14 mm cavity + 6 mm float glass + 14 mm cavity + 2≈ 4 mm laminated safety glass
Imprint
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Review of Architecture + Construction Detail Published by: DETAIL Business Information GmbH Hackerbrücke 6, 80335 Munich, Germany Tel.: +49 (0)89-38 16 20-0 www.detail.de PO Box: Postfach 20 10 54, 80010 Munich, Germany Managing director: Karin Lang Publishing director: Claudia Langert Editorial team: (address as above) Tel.: +49 (0)89-38 16 20-57 E-mail: redaktion@detail.de Dr. Sandra Hofmeister (editor-in-chief, (V. i. S. d. P.)), Sabine Drey, Andreas Gabriel, Frank Kaltenbach, Julia Liese, Michaela Linder, Peter Popp, Maria Remter, Jakob Schoof, Edith Walter, Heide Wessely Dejanira Ornelas Bitterer, Marion Griese, Barbara Kissinger, Emese M. Köszegi (drawings) Editorial team DETAIL product information: Thomas Jakob, Jenny Clay Tel.: +49 (0)89-38 16 20-0 English translations: James Roderick O’Donovan, Alisa Kotmair Marc Selway Production /DTP: Peter Gensmantel (manager), Michael Georgi, Cornelia Kohn, Andrea Linke, Roswitha Siegler, Simone Soesters Distribution & Marketing: Kristina Weiss (manager). Irene Schweiger (sales) Tel.: +49 (0)89-38 16 20-25 Advertising: Annett Köberlein (manager), Claudia Wach (sales administrator) Tel.: +49 (0)89-38 16 20-24 Advertisement Sales Representative Cézanne Sales Services Denise Cézanne-Güttich Rotdornstr. 2 41352 Korschenbroich Germany T: +49 (0)2182 578 39 73 F: +49 (0)2182 578 39 75 M: +49 (0)172 821 0095 E: dcg_detail@cezannesales.com
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ISSN 1614-4600 · SEP · OCT £13 · US$ 24.50 · €18.90
English Edition
Review of Architecture and Construction Details · Serial Construction · Vol. 2017 · 5
Subscription: 8 issues per year (incl. 2 DETAIL green issues in April and November) € 131.– for students € 82,– £ 92.–, for students £ 58.50 US$ 179.–, for students US$ 109.50 (Proof of student status must be provided to obtain student rates.) All prices include postage/packing (surface mail). Single issues: DETAIL English: € 18.90, £ 13.–, US$ 24.50 DETAIL green: € 18.90, £ 13.60, US$ 24.50 plus postage /packing All rights reserved. Distributed by IMX. Subscription contact: mail@detail.de Subscription service (subscriptions and changes of address): Vertriebsunion Meynen, Grosse Hub 10, 65344 Eltville, Germany Tel.: +49 (0)61 23-92 38-211, Fax: -212 E-mail: mail@detail.de The publishers bear no responsibility for unsolicited manuscripts and photos. No part of DETAIL may be reprinted without permission from the publishers. No guarantee can be given for the completeness or correctness of the published contributions. Reprographics: Martin Härtl OHG Kistlerhofstrasse 70 81379 Munich, Germany Printers: W. Kohlhammer Druckerei GmbH + Co.KG Augsburger Straße 722, 70329 Stuttgart, Germany No claims can be accepted for non-delivery resulting from industrial disputes or where not caused by an omission on the part of the publishers. This journal is printed on chlorine-free bleached paper. The entire contents of DETAIL are protected by copyright. Any use of contributions in whole or in part (including drawings) is permitted solely within the terms of relevant copyright law and is subject to fee payment. Any contravention of these conditions will be subject to penalty as defined by copyright law.
CAD drawings All CAD drawings contained in the “Documentation” section of the journal were produced with VectorWorks®.
Cover 5_2017: Feltrinelli Porta Volta, Milan Architects: Herzog & de Meuron Black-and-white photos indroducing main sections: page 3: Social Housing Apartments White Clouds in Saintes Architects: MORE architecture, POGGI architecture page 11: Carmel Place residential high-rise in New York Architects: nArchitects page 17: Residential Tower Blocks in Munich Architects: Allmann Sattler Wappner Architekten, Munich (DE) page 59: Modular refugee accommodation Better Shelter Design: Better Shelter page 67: Schwabinger Tor in Munich Architects: Max Dudler, Berlin (DE) Photo Credits Photos for which no credit is given were either provided by the respective architects or they are product photos from the DETAIL archives. p. 1: Jean-Pierre Dalbéra/Flickr, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-sa/2.0/de/legalcode p. 3: Christian Richters pp. 4, 5 bottom: Didier Boy de la Tour p. 5 top: Christian Fabris pp. 6, 7: Luigi Parise pp. 8 bottom, 9: Lisa Rastl p. 8 top: Isabella Marboe pp. 11, 15 top: Field Condition p. 13 top: M. Yablonina/IBK2 Universität Stuttgart p. 13 bottom: Johannes Förster p. 14: Georg Aerni p. 15 bottom: Iwan Baan p. 16 top: dataAE / HARQUITECTES
p. 16 bottom: Adrià Goula pp. 17, 52: Burkhard Franke pp. 18 – 21: Jan Bitter pp. 22 – 29: Stefan Müller-Naumann pp. 30, 32 – 35: Philippe Ruault pp. 36 – 37, 38 bottom, 39 middle, bottom: Michel Denancé/EPFL p. 38 top: KKAA / EPFL p. 39 top: Alain Herzog/EPFL p. 40: Adrien Barakat/EPFL pp. 42 top, 43: Filippo Romano pp. 42 bottom, 44 – 47: Julien Lanoo pp. 48 – 49, 50 top, 51: Brigida González pp. 54 – 58: Javier Callejas p. 59: Jonas Nyström/Better Shelter p. 60 top: Better Shelter p. 60 bottom: IKEA Foundation / Better Shelter / Irak / 2015 p. 61 top: CMS Container Modulsysteme GmbH p. 62 top left: KLEUSBERG GmbH&Co. KG/© Rüdiger Mosler p. 62 top right, 67: Frank Kaltenbach p. 62 bottom: Hauke Dressler/Feldschnieders+Kister Architekten BDA p. 63 left: Zooey Braun pp. 63 right, 63 bottom: David Vasicek/pix123 fotografie p. 64: Melanie Karbasch p. 65: andreas kern/fotografiera p. 66: Stefan Müller p. 70 top left: Rupert Seldon p. 74 top centre, right, bottom right: Tony Timmington p. 81 top: Hufton & Crow p. 94 top left, above left: Hedzer Gelijsteen
Products
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Roofs and Drainage
2017 ¥ 5 ∂
Natural choice to join old with new
Liquid-applied membrane specified for easy-to-use and solvent-free qualities
The new wing of a 19th century Grade II* listed monastery in Manchester has been topped by 9,000 roofing slates from Welsh Slate. The 500 ≈ 300 mm Penrhyn Heather Blue County-grade slates were used on the £3 million Welcome Wing extension, comprising reception, function and community spaces with dedicated education, health and well-being facilities.
Kemperol 2K-PUR by Kemper System was specified for refurbishing the roof of the Greenwich Theatre in London, which was no longer watertight, and to prevent further water ingress into the four-storey building. The cold-applied liquid waterproofing was chosen for its solvent-free, odourless qualities on the occupied building, together with the quick installation time.
Gorton Monastery was designed by Edward Pugin and after years of neglect underwent major restoration work ten years ago. The slates for the new extension, on roof pitches of 55 � and 24 � with variable head lap, were key in tying the buildings together.
After extensive repair and surface cleaning of the 500 sq.m asphalt roof, the resin was applied in a single wet-on-wet process, rolled on to the roof with a reinforcement fleece laid directly into the resin, immediately followed by more resin to ensure complete saturation of the fleece. When cured it forms a seamless, elastomeric waterproof membrane that cannot delaminate, is UVstable and bonds directly to the substrate.
A look at the production of natural slate is available in an RIBA-approved site CPD from Welsh Slate. The factory tour CPD covers the core curriculum subjects of structural design, construction, technology and engineering to a general awareness knowledge level and earns architects double CPD points. It includes a 4 ≈ 4 tour of the main Penrhyn quarry in Bethesda, near Bangor which explains today’s methods of slate extraction in North Wales. www.welshslate.com
Because the 2K-PUR system is suited to complex detailing, this meant a new, upand-over staircase was able to be installed whilst still providing a seamless waterproofing solution. A Kemperdur anti-slip walkway for safe maintenance traffic was added to complete the works. Kemperol 2K-PUR was also used by Capitol Roofing to refurbish an 85 m-high food silo
on London’s River Thames. The work needed to be swiftly completed to prevent water leaking into a silo containing linseed. The product was chosen for use on the roof and expansion joints around the perimeter of the silo because of its ease of application on this difficult-to-access project. Also, due to the exposed location of the silo, high winds were a cause for concern and the handling and laying of sheet membrane materials would have increased the health and safety risk, so this liquid-applied system was the preferred option. The contractors were able to install the system on top of the existing felt roof. After cleaning and priming the substrate, the resin was applied in the same way as with the previous project. Stuart Hicks at Kemper System commented: “The plant was first built in 1902 and has expanded over the years to provide more milling and processing silos for speciality feed ingredients. Kemperol 2K-PUR’s speed and ease of installation meant the plant could continue to function with very little disruption.” The seamless and durable waterproofing system has a BBA-accredited 25-year service life. www.kempersystem.co.uk
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Floors
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Design trends catered for with standard and bespoke vinyl offerings
Good for walking the plank
Refurbishment and new-build vinyl flooring solutions from Gerflor are designed to cater for developers, builders and local housing authorities. In a choice of designs embracing decorative trends they come with extra thermal, comfort, acoustic and performance benefits, says the company.
Havwoods has introduced seven new plank designs to its Henley engineered wood flooring collection. There are now more than 30 distinctive designs in the range, which features European oak lamella, with a variety of surface finishes achieved by brushing, burning and planing, to create a highly textural appeal. This is also said to make them a good choice for high-footfall areas.
Texline flooring is a Gerflor Fibre Technology (GFT) loose-lay, luxury, domestic sheet vinyl with leading technology designed to bring fresh alternatives to projects where looks, performance and fast-track fitting are priorities. At 3 mm thick, it is thermally efficient and sound insulated to 16 db. The Creation 30 LVT collection offers 56 designs in traditional and creative wood, mineral and textile effects. With three different installation method ranges – Creation 30 Adhered, Creation 30 Lock and Creation 30 X’Press – the tiles and planks have a
0.30 mm wear layer and a PUR+ protective surface for easy cleaning and lasting good looks. Decorative skirtings are available. Taralay Impression Control safety flooring comes in 2 m sheet format with a Group T wear rating as a dual collection, Safety in Wood and Safety in Design, comprising realistic woods in contemporary colours and an array of modern designs. The company also creates customised flooring solutions for sport, health and community facilities, with its My Taralay service. In four designs and 150 colours, this offers a huge number of combinations and the floor can be viewed on screen prior to ordering. Water-jet cutting enables bespoke designs and logos to be created, further enhancing choice. www.gerflor.co.uk
Henley is described as an ideal floor covering for use where a textured board is desired that offers all the strength and durability of an engineered construction. Amongst the new designs, Holten rustic-grade 14 mm flooring (seen above) is fine-sawn and deep-smoked with a white oiled finish and the Dexter character-grade 20 mm board, below, is a one-strip pattern, sawn and smoked with a natural oiled finish. www.havwoods.co.uk
Contributors
Brigida González is an architectural photographer whose compelling images reveal her unmistakable artistic signature. Following a classic training in photography, the Stuttgart native ventured into the film industry where she worked as a camera woman, before discovering architectural photography for herself. Today, the building images she captures with her lens register subtle emotions and a sense of dynamics that fascinate the viewer. Discovering new perspectives that reveal architecture in a new light is a matter of course for González. Her photographs endow buildings with a sense of character that corresponds to their essence, while nonetheless remaining an interpretation of the photographer. For this issue of Detail, she photographed the high-rise residential buildings in Munich’s Hirschgarten quarter designed by Allmann Sattler Wappner (see pp. 48ff.). www.brigidagonzalez.de
Burkhard Franke works as an architect, editor, university professor and photographer. He developed the concept of the current issue of Detail dedicated to serial building methods, for which he contributed three of the project documentations. For the past nine years, he has supported the editorial team as a freelance editor, regularly writing expert articles for Detail and Detail structure. He previously worked as a research assistant in the Architecture department at the Technical University in Munich and taught students as a visiting professor at Arizona State University. His passion for photography has led him to produce classic architectural images as well as artistic works. Burkhard’s primary occupation, however, is as an architect. The focus of his work currently lies in architectural evaluations and competition submissions for various architectural firms in Bavaria. He prepares the majority of his award-winning designs in his one-person studio in Munich, and leads his clients’ teams through more complex competitions. www.burkhard-franke.de
Poggi&More One of the best things in life is when fate brings together people who both value and complement each other. In the summer of 2011, such fortuitous circumstances united Emmanuelle Poggi (2nd from left), Francis Marchionini, Olivier Oslislo, and Elise Reiffers. The four architects from Bordeaux decided to team up for special projects through their firms Poggi Architecture and More Architecture. They have participated in competitions and implemented projects such as the White Clouds social housing block in Saintes, which we document on pages 58ff. The bold architectural language of the four friends is characterised by their joy of experimentation, preference for clear structures, and close attention to context, in rural and urban areas alike. www.poggiarchitecture.com www.more-architecture.com
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