Graduation Report: D.Linowska P5

GRADUATION REPORT 4187237 Dominika Linowska P4. Graduation Studio MSc4 Dwelling, At Home in the City, Amsterdam Responsive Suburbia: dwelling and working in IJBurg Tutors: Nelson Mota , Ype Cuperus Date of P5: 26.06.2013

2

contents A - Graduation Plan

4

A consise description of the problem statement, objectives, programme, design and research questions, including a detailed planning.

B- Process Documentation

7

A critical selection of the most relevent material produced since the beginning of the assignment; documents evolution of design concept.

C- Design Work

65

Site analysis, programme definition, and all necessary drawings and visualizations necessary for the final comprehensive architectural design.

D- Reflection

99

E- Final panels

102

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A - Graduation Plan P5: Architecture Graduation manual, Master Architecture, Urbanism & Building Sciences, 2011 – 2012. Appendix 2

Personal information name student number address postal code city place of residence telephone number e-mail address studio theme title of project teachers main tutor

Dominika Linowska 4187237 84 Rietveld 2611 LN Delft Toronto, Canada 06 57 81 68 18 dominika.linowska@gmail.com Dwelling: At Home in the City: Amsterdam ‘Responsive dwelling’ The new (collective) vernacular: dwelling + working in a responsive environment Paul Kuitenbrouwer, Olv Klijn, Nelson Mota Nelson Mota

Argumentation of studio choice After doing my first housing project during fourth year Bsc Arch, I was immediately drawn to the subject of housing. I am especially interested in analyzing middle-tohigh density residential complexes. The concept of living or dwelling affects us all. It is my goal (throughout this studio) to rethink our current lifestyles, resource usage, building materials, typologies, and incorporate these aspects within the design process. Coming from Canada, I see a lot of poor housing projects which do not take any consideration of the future. Instead, the private, free-standing family home is still sought-after, with no other available and encouraging options for collective living, besides the standard stacked apartment block. This is one of the main reasons I am in the dwelling studio: my response to North America’s backward-thinking ap proach to housing solutions in the present day.

4

Product Problem Statement The island of IJBurg is a new, monofunctional residential area lacking connection with the city of Amsterdam.

Research Question How can the working + dwelling typology be re-evaluated in order to reinvigorate a neighourhood into a well-functioning, sustainable community?

Goal My goal is to design a new type of collective dwelling suited for contemporary living, which incorporates responsive design on sociological, economical, and environmental levels. The objective is to investigate in a new typology (from dwelling scale to urban scale) which could be appropriated as a positive example for living collectively.

Process Method description site • site visit(s), sketches, photographs, experiemental observations, interpretation of data • generating physical models at 1:1000 and 1:500 • research: documents pertaining to development of site as well as zoning laws, regulations • map analysis of given location and respective areas; study of morphology of site at larger scale as well as within the building scale • typology analysis of existing built form within site; number of dwellings, number of levels, building types, materialization, accessibility • programme analysis of existing site; what is there, what functions are lacking, which could potentially improve the area and or neighbourhood

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theme (responsive dwelling + support/infill) • conducting group meetings to discuss theme and providing our final analysis outcome in a book format • readings on various topics: responsivity, flexibility, work+live, community, collectivity, activities • diagramming defined case studies and re-interpreting them to suit theme (ie. axonometric, figure ground, etc) • incorporating theme into design by careful analysis and interpretation of sources design • sketching, quick plans, initial ideas, perspectives • formulating quick collages on Photoshop in order to convey ‘feeling’ and or certain idea of the design • browsing through online as well as literature and journal sources for inspiration regarding similar typologies and or styles of expected design (high density dwelling books, collective living, semi-detached housing, etc) • generating massing models in order to work directly with scale, and volume within the site context • refering to housing manuals: floor plan layouts, construction, sustainability features • investigating theoretical themes which will be incorporated into the design, eg. ‘mat’ building, the vernacular • using computer-aided design software such as: AutoCad, Sketchup, Revit to help formulate spatial and a more technical (an precise) understanding of the project

Literature (to date) Anne Mikoleit and Moritz Pürckhauer, Urban Code: 100 Lessons

LIVE/WORK, Northeastern University School of Architecture,

for Understanding the City (The MIT Press, October 2011

ARCH G691 Graduate Degree Project Studio fall 2009

Herman Hertzberger, “Flexibility and polyvalency”, Forum 3,1962,

New Forms of Collective Housing in Europe, (Birkhäuser, Novem-

p115-188

ber 2009)

Industry in the City: A report for the London Development Agency Bernard Leupen, Frame and Generic Space (010, Rotterdam) & Greater London Authority, Architecture and Urbanism Unit.

August 2006.

Specific Neutrality. Atelier Kempe Thill, (AEDES, 2004)

Jan Gehl, Life Between Buildings: Using Public Space (The Danish

Tim Eschuis and Fransje Hooimeijer, “What is Collective? Design-

Architectural Press, 2010)

ing the Collective Domain” OASE 71: Urban Formation and Collective Spaces, 54-71

Jamie J.Ferrer Fores, “Mat Urbanism: Growth and Change”, Projec-

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tions 10: Designing for Growth and Change (2012): 73-83

Tatjana Schneider and Jeremy Till, Flexibile Housing, (Elsevier,

Leupen Bernard. Frame and Generic Space. 010 Rotterdam. 2006.

2007)

General practical reference: building technology references, Neufert, housing manuals, software references for Revit Architecture, consultations with professors / architects for professional feedback.

Two academic housing projects completed in the past.

B - Process Documentation

7

P1 initial design outcome / programme

8

P1 sketchup perspective studies

P1 dwelling typology study

9

parking study

10

formal study specifically on one strip

“In the future there will be a change of paradigm related to collective housing. Collective housing will be emancipated and change in character from a massoriented, mainly public and standardised form of building into a consumeroriented, flexible and individualised form of architecture. It can offer a real alternative to suburban housing. The change can have enormous consequences for urban development and can give new meaning to the concept of density.”

- Atelier Kempe Thill. Specific Neutrality p50

The twenty-first century’s return of urban dwelling fights against the modernistic idea of sprawl and suburbia, where a free-standing dream home was sought after. The planning of liveable compact cities is on the agenda at the moment. An approach to doing so would be through collective dwelling, where proximity to urban services brings about quality living. “...mixed use is essential to the creation of sustainable communities, ensuring daily vibrancy and flexibility over time.”

- Industry in the City. p9

Located in Amsterdam, the graduation studio project will incorporate the theme of responsive dwelling.

The design takes this theme into account by means of responding to evolving economic conditions, demographics, and lifestyles. Designing a non-monofunctional, flexible building is key in order to meet this criteria. A contemporary typology fitted for 21st century living will be analyzed.

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“mat-building can be said to epitomize the anonymous collective; where the functions come to enrich the fabric, and the individual gains new freedoms of action through a new shuffled order, based on interconnection, close knit patterns of association and possibilities for growth, diminution and

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change� - A.Smithson

000 site 1:1000 site 1:1000

0A-A section 1:250 A-Asection 1:250 A-A 1:250

m

9m

78 m

9m

9m

9m

78 m 147 m

147 m

147 m

147 m

13

14

F C

C

F

1:1000 site plan, showing scale of neighbourhood 15

16

Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam. Nelson Mota. Dominika Linowska 4187237

first level: cimbination of set plans and added / carved out units

3 x 3 x 3m ratio adapted for dwelling units

additions allowed to extend to back, no closer than 3m to the next dwelling (extra sunlight rules apply)

additions are kept within the line of the individual dwelling (party walls)

structural support of dwellings shown with horizontal extensions emphasized

Y AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT

ground floor plan with predetermined divisions (party walls) during design phase

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT

The new collective vernacular: design on the level of the dwelling

17

PRODUCED BY AN AUTO

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT

horizontal extensions emphasized structural support of dwellings shown with horizontal extensions emphasized

work

work work

work

work

work

work work

work

work

live bike storage bikebike storage storage

live eat live

0 0

eat PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT eat PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT waste

0

waste waste

eat

eat

eat

eat

eat

eat live

sleep sleep

sleep

live

live live

live

live

live

garden

eat

live

live

live

live

liveeat

eat

eat

eat

eat

garden

garden

garden

garden

garden

garden

garden

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENTgarden PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT

creates shadows within dwelling complex. ‘addition’ rule: no overhangs; too hard to construct and

+1

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED sleep

BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT sleep sleep sleep

sleep

sleep sleep

garden

sleep

garden

sleep

garden

sleep

+2 +2

sleep

+2

sleep

PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN AUTODESK AN AUTODESK AUTODESK STUD ST

‘addition’ rule: no overhangs; too hard to construct and creates shadows dwelling ‘addition’ rule: nowithin overhangs; too complex. hard to construct and

+1 +1

PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN A

N AUTODESK TODESK AUTODESK STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT

structural support of dwellings shown with horizontal extensions emphasized structural support of dwellings shown with

the individual dwelling (party walls) additions are kept within the line of the individual dwelling (party walls)

UDENT ENT TUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT

additions are kept within the line of the individual dwelling (party walls) additions are kept within the line of

and added / carved out units first level: cimbination of set plans and added / carved out units

3) ground floor workspace, 4) community complex 4 types of dwelling + working: 1) studio loft, 2) home office 3) ground floor workspace, 4) community complex

PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN AUTODESK AN AUTODESK AUTODESK STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT

3m to the next dwelling (extra sunlight rules apply) additions allowed to extend to back, no closer than 3m to the next dwelling (extra sunlight rules apply)

PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN AUTODESK AN AUTODESK AUTODESK STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT

3 x 3 x 3m ratio adapted for dwelling units

first level: cimbination of set plans and / carved outof units first added level: cimbination set plans

4 types of dwelling + working: 1) studio loft, 2) home office 3)types ground floor workspace, 4) community complex 4 of dwelling + working: 1) studio loft, 2) home office

18

3 x 3 x 3m ratio adapted for dwelling units

additions allowed to extend to back, no closer than 3m to theallowed next dwelling (extra sunlight additions to extend to back, no rules closerapply) than

work

PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN AUTODESK AN AUTODESK AUTODESK STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT

divisions (party walls) during design phase ground floor plan with predetermined divisions (party walls) during design phase

3 x 3 x 3m ratio adapted for dwelling units

work

work

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT

ground floor plan with predetermined divisionsfloor (party walls) design phase ground plan withduring predetermined

work work

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT

Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam. Nelson Mota. Dominika Linowska 4187237

section B-B

PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN AUTODESK AN AUTODESK AUTODESK STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT

The new collective vernacular: design on the level of the dwelling The new collective vernacular: design onLinowska the level Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam.

Nelson Mota.

Dominika 4187237 of the dwelling The new collective vernacular: design onLinowska the level Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam.

Nelson Mota.

Dominika 4187237 of the dwelling

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT

45 degree sunlight rule applies for built mass as well as additions. The higher the building, the further away the next one should be.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT

International Building code: a non-residential (work) area should be max. 50% of the total unit size. A maximum amount of 5 workers / employees are allowed to occupy this type of unit. Dwelling + working units can be no larger than 279m2.

DESK STUDENT PRODUCT

D BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT

‘addition’ rule: no overhangs; too hard to construct and creates shadows within dwelling complex.

concept of additions for ensemble studied + section through main street (study of heights, proportions, mass)

a quick impression of a cut through one of the couryards

19

20

1:1000 balsa wood model.

21

Street perspective, going down Schokkerjachtdijk towards Steigereiland North

22

Section C-C 1:500

15 42,4m

9,2

13

9

27

10

50

10

4,5

6

A section through the ‘stoney enclave’ showing fairly low heights, and a feeling of vast space

23

9m

150 m

75 m

zoning: maximum volume

24

type A

3m x 3m x 3m

type B

carving streets + creating blocks

type C

minimum SAR (before infill)

(infill) additions added

formal study of overall complex

P

k

ho

Sc

program: dwelling(pink), services/shops/work (blue)

communal services / art studios (green)

k

dij

ht

jac

r ke

circulation

parking

25

Traditional projects developers in the Netherlands still describe the qualities of a house in terms of square metres and number of bedrooms. But the experienced buyer, busy with a ‘living career’ knows better and looks for cubic rather than square metres. These, and not the qualities defined by the developer, are better indication of the potential of a house. People can create their own paradise within a given envelope.

More individually and freedom can also be built into the collective housing projects. By splitting the house into structure and infill, and enormous variety of typologies can be created inside a basic structure.

- Atelier Kempe Thill p55

concept of additions 26

rules for additions, skeletal structure + curtainwall facade

27

theme research: responsive dwelling levels of permanence

neighbourhood

city

block

Barcelona Eixample grid

city

neighbourhood

block infill

block

block infill

Borneo Sporenburg Master Plan Kowloon Quinta Monroy Urbanex 28

Next 21

support infills

support infills

individual dwelling

individual dwelling

movable partitions

partitions

He

Waterbuurt A

Waterbuurt B

geb

ade

tK

Steigereiland South

ouw

Steigereiland North

Block 125

29

30

axonometric drawing of the ensemble

LEVEL 0 1:200

31

32

LEVEL +1 1:200

LEVEL +2 1:200

33

ELEVATION 1:200

P SECTION A-A 1:200

34

“In the future there will be a change of paradigm related to collective housing. Collective housing will be emancipated and change in character from a massoriented, mainly public and standardised form of building into a consumeroriented, flexible and individualised form of architecture. It can offer a real alternative to suburban housing. The change can have enormous consequences for urban development and can give new meaning to the concept of density.�

- Atelier Kempe Thill. Specific Neutrality p50

SECTION B-B 1:200

35

View from main street onto the secondary street, courtayrd, shopfronts, dwellings above

36

B

A

axonomtric defining dwellings to be studied at 1:50

37

Dwelling type A

108-216m2 90m2 + 18m2 38

G

G G

G

6m

0

+1 12m

6m

3m

SECTION G-G 1:50

39

39

Dwelling type B

108-162m2 40

108m2 + 36m2

F

F

F 6m

+2

F

+1

F

F

9m

0

SECTION F-F 1:50

41

dwelling programme study / orientation (public vs.private functions)

42

A B

B

A

B

A

a

A

A

a

A

A B A A A B B

B A A

B

A B A

A

B

A

A

B

A A

B

A

B

B

B

A

A

1:200 LEVEL +1 (BOTTOM HALF SHOWN ONLY)

L3.5

community center / printshop / study areas

7.5m

dwelling live

6m

multi-purpose hall

commercial

10500

L2.5

9000 7500

L2

6000

L1.5

4500

L1

3000

L3

work L0

underground parking

ramp

ramp

L-1

1:200 SECTION aa

water

outdoor terrace, connected to boardwalk WC A

A

office

WC dance school / yoga / karate hall

restaurant

A

change room

A

culinary school

WC

A

outdoor terrace (roofed) A

B

artist studio / exhibition area /gallery

B

B

B

B

A

parking entrance

A -

B

B

B

B

A

parking entrance

A B

B

A

A

B

A

A

A

a

offices + management building parking entrance

office

a

office WC WC

A

office multi-purpose hall

A

B

A A B B

B

poster from pre-P3 analyzing 1:200

A A

B

A B A

parking entrance

A

B

B

A

A

A A A

1:200 LEVEL 0 (58 DWELLINGS + 7 APARTMENTS ABOVE COMMUNITY / ART COMPLEX ) ground floor business / workplace / service entrances (for working + dwelling units)

A

B

A

B

A

B

B

43

communal gardens of all the blocks

courtyard design inspiration (SANAA approach). ‘mat landscaping’

44

the permeable block, study of the level of solididity and permeablility

courtyard perspective study (Revit Architecture)

volumetric study of the dwelling ensemble

45

1:50 and 1:100 study models. spatial explorations

dwelling Type A with permeable wall between live/work

46

dwelling type B

using Sketchup to aid in spatial configurations with furniture

47

perspective of main street

48

interior perspective of type A

ground floor of 4.5m (dwelling type B)

49

50 design of activity strip (same use of ‘mat’ landscaping) using the 6x6m grid.

facade and construction study of the complex

51

4

4 4 7

3

underneath with insulation Wooden sill offset in mortar bed (tolerance compensation); sealing tape might be necessary

7

Type B ‘front’ facade, street entrance. 1:20

Type B ‘front’ facade, street entrance. 1:20

6 6

radiant floor heating / cooling

general wall components

ventilation (exhaust air) water supply

wet room installation

drain pipe

3

3

bathroom 4

1 kitchen electrical

2

5

boiler

2

6

7 1

C

8 1

KLH wall and floor elements

2

Vertical interior laths

Acoustically insulated mounted pipes

3

Transverse laths as an intermediate structure

Tiles on plasterboard panels with additional sealing layer between tiles and the plasterboard panels (also in the floor structure: horizontal sealing underneath the tiles)

4

2-layer insulation

5

Horizontal wooden slats, cladding

1

Single seal layer - directly on the KLH solid wood panel

2 3

1 4

Block 125: the facade + details + materiality

6

Concrete ground floor slab

7

Base insulation, splash area

8

Sealing extended over horizontal joint

connected to municipality water system

WC

mech.

installation slots 2 in roof panels with visible wooden soffit

P3. Graduation Studio MSc3 Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam. Nelson Mota + Ype Cuperus. 4187237 Dominika Linowska.

1

“Wood is a natural humidity regulator: its moisture content matches the ambient air, providing natural humidity stabilization and regulation.”

- BC. Naturally Wood

3

A

radiant floor heating unit

washer

1100

6

6

4

1

Vapour barrier above slot and cables (avoid penetration)

2

Short lateral slots possible in supporting area

3

Slot in surface area (only possible in the direction of cover panels)

4

Vertical slots only in top layer & in fibre direction of cover panels

5

operable wood shutters

2

3000

3000

5 5

sliding balcony door, wood trim

D B

2 2

1 4

A

D

party wall detail

WC

C

1500

1500

eral fibre oss-

1 1

Horizontal Horizontal wooden wooden cladding,mineral cladding,mineral fibre fibre insulation, KLH manufactured insulation, KLH manufactured crosscrosslaminated laminated timber timber panels panels 2

1

els nish H panels

2 2

5 1 1 B

floor ulation, concrete

3 3

sleep

+ precise factory cutting of all panels and openings + site construction times are very short wooden sliding panel + buildings can be erected in almost any weather

1500

suspended ‘living’ / extra studio

Horizontal wooden cladding,mineral fibre insulation, KLH manufactured crosslaminated timber panels

4500

Horizontally-sliding Horizontally-sliding wooden wooden panels panels (vertical (vertical grain), grain), smooth smooth render render finish finish (stucco), (stucco), mineral mineral fibre fibre insul., insul., KLH KLH panels panels 2

Horizontally-sliding wooden panels (vertical grain), smooth render finish (stucco), mineral fibre insul., KLH panels

3

75mm polished concrete, underfloor radiant heating, 100mm rigid insulation, waterproof membrane, 200mm concrete slab

4

Hardwood flooring, smooth concrete topping, underfloor radiant heating, 100mm rigid insulation, KLH floor panels

5

Double-glazed window 1500 x 1500

6

Roof structure; supports vertical additions. Wooden decking, drainage gravel underneath with insulation

kitchen / foyer terrace

1500 3000

‘work’-space

additional room

75mm underfloor 4 75mm polished polished concrete, concrete, underfloor 2 4 radiant heating, 100mm rigid radiant heating, 100mm rigid insulation, insulation, + materiality Type B ‘front’ facade, street entrance. 1:20Type A dwelling Type constructional B ‘front’ facade,assembly street entrance.

1:20 waterproof waterproof membrane, membrane, 200mm 200mm concrete concrete slab general wall components slab 7

smooth rendered coat (light stucco)

3

Wooden sill offset in mortar bed (tolerance compensation); sealing tape might be necessary

7

crete ng, or panels

4 1 4

P3 wooden facade elevations

wet room installation

Hardwood flooring, smooth Horizontal wooden Hardwood flooring, cladding,mineral smooth concrete concretefibre topping, underfloor radiant insulation, KLH manufactured crosstopping, underfloor radiant heating, heating, 100mm rigid insulation, laminated timber panelsKLH 100mm rigid insulation, KLH floor floor panels panels 3

3

5 2 5

addie gravel

C

1

6 6 3

Double-glazed 1500 x Horizontally-sliding wooden Double-glazed window window 1500panels x 1500 1500 (vertical grain), smooth render finish Roof vertical (stucco), mineralsupports fibre insul., KLHaddipanels Roof structure; structure; supports vertical addi3 tions. tions. Wooden Wooden decking, decking, drainage drainage gravel gravel underneath with installation underfloor slots in roof panels with visible wooden soffit 75mm polished 4insulation underneath withconcrete, insulation radiant heating, 100mm rigid insulation, Wooden sill offset bed waterproof 200mm Wooden sillmembrane, offset in in mortar mortar bedconcrete (tolerance compensation); sealing slab (tolerance compensation); sealing tape tape might might be be necessary necessary Hardwood flooring, smooth concrete topping, underfloor radiant heating,

4

boiler

radiant floor heating unit

washer

6

7

8 KLH wall and floor elements Vertical interior laths

Acoustically insulated mounted pipes

3

Transverse laths as an intermediate structure

Tiles on plasterboard panels with additional sealing layer between tiles and the plasterboard panels (also in the floor structure: horizontal sealing underneath the tiles)

4

2-layer insulation

5

Horizontal wooden slats, cladding

6

Concrete ground floor slab

7

Base insulation, splash area

8

Sealing extended over horizontal joint

3

drain pipe

electrical

2

5

2

2

water supply

kitchen

1

Single seal layer - directly on the KLH solid wood panel

ventilation (exhaust air)

1

1

1

radiant floor heating / cooling

bathroom

2

500

Type B ‘back’ facade, communal garden entrance. 1:20

connected to municipality water system

WC

mech.

2

1

7 7

g tape

52

“Wood is a natural humidity regulator: its moisture content matches the ambient air, providing natural humidity stabilization and regulation.”

- BC. Naturally Wood

3

1100

4

7

4

1

Vapour barrier above slot and cables (avoid penetration)

2

Short lateral slots possible in supporting area

3

Slot in surface area (only possible in the direction of cover panels)

4

Vertical slots only in top layer & in fibre direction of cover panels

7 7

3 3

53

54

55

56

1:100 streetfront model. introduced black slate shingles

57

shopfront study. ‘infill’ windows depending on the function inside 58

59

60

61

62

materiality + streetfront facade study

63

64

C - Design work

65

LIVE

LIVE

LIVE

WORK

dwelling type A. includes a permeable divider

LIVE WORK dwelling type B. physical separation

66

1:200 MDF model for block massing purposes

67

68

69

3x3 grid

dwelling type A

70

streets define blocks

dwelling type B

min FSI

max FSI

71

72

perspective onto one of the internal communal / semi-public courtyards

73

Existing situation of the IJBurg site (zoning: Block 125). A feeling of vastness, lacking human activity.

74

Design proposal; perspective of main street. Black shingle facades line public perimeter of the permeable blocks.

75

north waterfront

studios office

utility

exhibition space / gallery

office

22 ground-floor parking spots

garbage/ recycling

greenhouses

storage

outdoor bike parking tennis courts

pergolas mech. play ground

picnic area

public wifi access computer center (workshare spots) sand pits

dance studio

76 south waterfront

community garden (urban farming)

swings

= site pavers

= low grasses

= decorative gravel

= green grid pavers

= wood decking

= grass

= flower bed 1

= shrubbery

= flowerbed 2

77

78

P

P

79

80

81

P

P

82

level -1 parking scheme 1:500 (196 spots + extra bike storage, mechanical rooms)

B

A

83

Looking down from roof terrace of House B onto public activity strip with landscaping and pavilions following the grid.

84

incremental growth (type A example) 85

Dwellings are designed to grow vertically and outwardly over time. (left: extension matrix for Houses A and B; array of possibilities)

86

bedroom + living room

local lunch diner

2 extra bedrooms

spa / salon

restaurant / cafe

photography studio

dining room

bedrooms for 2 kids

master bedroom + study

basic unit: roof terrace

additional home office

dentist

87

A (x 38) 88

8m2

8m2

3000

8m2

3m2

4.5m2 12.5m2

WM

4500

9000

3.5m2

2m2

9000

37m2

1500

3m2

9m2 WM 2300

25m2 18m2

20m2 22m2

4.5m2

WM

8m2

18m2

11m2

25m2

3m2

3.5m2

12.5m2

2m2

3000

WM

20m2

6000

3000

13m2

22m2

14m2 3000

89

B (x 33) 90

3000

3000

3.5m2

12.5m2

1500 1500

20m2 37m2 37m2 6000 6000

14m2

13m2 8m2

3m2

8m2

3m2

9000 9000

2m2

9m2 WM 25m2

1500

6000

3000 22m2

4.5m2

3000

WM

8m2

8m2

WM

8m2

8m2

4.5m2

18m2 18m2

3m2

WM

9000

3m2

37m2

1500

4.5m2

11m2 11m2

3m2

4500

2300

3.5m2

12.5m2

91

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View of collective courtyard and the IJ. A white render coat is used for the courtyard-facing facades acting as canvases for additions.

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heating ventilation water supply

94

triple-glazed wood-frame facade

wooden decking on top of soffit drainage layer: gravel polymer bitumen seal 140mm Ecobatt insulation (pressure-resistant) moisture barrier: bitumen aluminum 125mm KLH floor / roof panel

triple-glazed wood-frame operable window

white steel stair

6mm Marley Eternit black fibre cement slate cladding (500mm x 250mm) fixed with treated sw battens and counterbattens, 140mm Knaufinsulation Ecobatt with ECOSE, timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer cross-lam.timber panel

internal single glazing

triple-glazing facade

5mm white render coat, Fermacell HC reinforcing mesh, light plaster render, 125mm Fermacell HD Building Board , 140mm Ecobatt insulation with ECOSE timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer panel finish coat (white wax)

wooden canopy and sun shading

Gaulhofer triple glazed tilt and slide wooden window

solid wooden door (street entrance) CLT partition wall 75mm cast in-situ polished concrete floor incorporating under floor heating and cooling, waterproof membrane, 100mm rigid insulation, 300mm concrete slab

stone pavers above 1.5% slope (drainage layer)

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roof of type A: gravel drainage layer, polymer bitumen seal 140mm Ecobatt insulation (pressure-resistant) moisture barrier: bitumen aluminum 125mm KLH floor / roof panel

suspended floor construction: 18mm plywood, 100mm insulation with timber beams, room for HVAC and MEP services, 125mm KLH floor panel

Detail E Party wall construction (type A meets type B)

96 underground parking

1

3

4

2

Detail A

Detail B

Detail C

1

2

exterior (back) facade: 5mm white render coat, Fermacell HC reinforcing mesh, light plaster render, 125mm Fermacell HD Building Board , 140mm Ecobatt insulation with ECOSE timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer panel

4

3

suspended floor construction: 18mm plywood, 100mm insulation with timber beams, room for HVAC and MEP services, 125mm KLH floor panel

soffit construction of dwelling type B: wooden decking, drainage layer (gravel) polymer bitumen seal, 140mm Ecobatt insul.

MB: bitumen aluminum, 125mm KLH panel

ground floor slab (without parking below): 75mm cast in-situ polished concrete floor incorporating under floor heating and cooling, waterproof membrane, 100mm rigid insulation, 300mm concrete slab

97

98

D - Reflection

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“Block 125: dwelling and working in a responsive environment” project description A housing project comprised of 72 units is located in IJ Burg— a new suburb east from the center of Amsterdam. More specifically, the project sits on a man-made island called Steigereiland North, on a ‘left-over’ green strip of land. Two types of dwellings (A and B) are disseminated around the site forming various permeable blocks of living and working units. These apartments consist of free-standing, row, and semi-detached typologies, depending on their arrangement and orientation. The capacity of these units to grow and change over time is a key feature of this project. The project has an additional activity strip between the waterside and the housing fabric border which will aid to serve as a lively catalyst for the neighbourhood. This ‘mat’ consists of landscaping and supplementary functions such as: tennis courts, a soccer field, playgrounds, picnic zones, pergolas, a climbing wall, a dance studio, and storage facilities. The newly-added layer of economical, community-driven activities reinvigorates IJ Burg.

Introducing light production as well as the creative and working classes into the urban fabric will also result in an extrovert and well-functioning community.

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studio theme: at home in the city

We need to design dwellings which are more integrated with the city and its’ infrastructure. It is my objective The graduation studio At Home in the City focuses to focus on how this can be done if the project locaon contemporary and future urban architecture on the tion is seemingly isolated from the rest of Amsterdam. scale of both the dwelling and the city while simulBlock 125 is the missing link between the city and the taneously implementing an in-depth search for new dwellers in IJ Burg (even if it’s not a physical one). By concepts for dwelling. This particular studio calls for an integrating economical, social, and sustainable needs investigation into new building typologies, for spatial within the whole system of the housing complex, the explorations and programmatic variations, as well as for link is formed. different ways of materialization and technical innovation. The main issues of the studio revolve around: density, typology, identity and lifestyles, transformaresearch theme: responsive dwelling tion, mixed programmes, sustainability, new materialThe graduation studio project incorporates the theme izations, and new technical of ‘responsive dwelling’. The design takes this theme concepts. Redefining twenty-first century city living was my task and incentive. Since the site for this proj- into account by means of responding to evolving economic conditions, demographics, and lifestyles. ect is located in IJ Burg, generating dwellings within Designing a non-monofunctional, flexible building was newly-created communities was something I had to keep in mind throughout the design process. Although key in order to meet this criteria. Block 125 integrates this theme from the very start of the design process, Block 125 is located within a new Dutch suburban and within all scales, respectively. The project evolved area, the project functions as an anti-suburb, serving thanks to constant re-affirmation of the following a multitude of activities (light production, small-sale questions: How does the building respond to its surbusinesses as well as offices). roundings? How does the dwelling respond to the user?

“The dream of living in a house in the idyll of one’s How does the façade respond to the dwelling? And so own garden, even though it is still deeply lodged in people’s imaginations, must compete today with choic- on and so forth. These were all questions which helped es of habitats that lay their emphasis on the proximity generate the outcome of the research theme topic into a of urban services and demand an architectural quality successful dwelling project. that is adaptable to the ways people live today... A new awareness...” - New Forms of Collective Housing in Europe

As mentioned earlier, the project is designed to grow and transform over time. Residents of Block 125 have potential to make changes prior to occupation as well as being capable to adjust one’s housing over time after occupation. This notion of additions and change picks up on the group-conducted theme research on incremental housing (Quinta Monroy), or ‘responsive dwelling’, rather.

wider social context “In the future there will be a change of paradigm related to collective housing. Collective housing will be emancipated and change in character from a mass-oriented, mainly public and standardized form of building into a consumer-oriented, flexible and individualized form of architecture. It can offer a real alternative to suburban housing. The change can have enormous consequences for urban development and can give new meaning to the concept of density.” – New Forms of Collective Housing in Europe. Birkhauser The goal of the thesis research was to design a new type of collective dwelling suited for twenty-first century living, which incorporates responsive design on sociological, economical, and environmental levels. The objective is to investigate in a new typology (from the urban to the dwelling scale) which could be appropriated as a positive example for living collectively. Overall, Block 125 is a healthy model for designing blank development sites.

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Responsive Suburbia: dwelling and working in IJBurg P5. Graduation Studio MSc4 Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam. Nelson Mota + Ype Cuperus. 4187237 Dominika Linowska. June, 26, 2013

streets define blocks

3x3 grid

dwelling type A

min FSI = 1

dwelling type B

max FSI = 1.5

A

A

Axonometric of Responsive Suburbia ensemble. Activity strip shown.

1:500 overall plan in context of neighbourhood, Steigereiland 0

bedroom + living room

local lunch diner

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Dwellings are designed to grow vertically and outwardly over time. (left: extension matrix for Houses A and B; array of possibilities)

2 extra bedrooms

spa / salon

restaurant / cafe

photography studio

dining room

bedrooms for 2 kids

master bedroom + study

basic unit: roof terrace

additional home office

dentist

1:200 cross section A-A

10m

20m

30m

north waterfront

studios office

utility

exhibition space / gallery

office

22 ground-floor parking spots

B

B

garbage/ recycling

picnic area

greenhouses

storage

outdoor bike parking

pergolas mech. play ground

picnic area

public wifi access computer center (workshare spots)

community garden (urban farming)

swings

sand pits

dance studio

south waterfront

Level 0 1:200

0

= site pavers

= low grasses

= decorative gravel

= green grid pavers

= wood decking

= grass

= flower bed 1

= shrubbery

= flowerbed 2

5m

10m

10m

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B

B

Level +1

0

5m

10m

B

B

Level +2

15m

0

5m

10m

15m

north-facing main street elevation 1:200

P P

section B-B 1:200

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P P

internal single glazing

triple-glazing facade

5mm white render coat, Fermacell HC reinforcing mesh, light plaster render, 125mm Fermacell HD Building Board , 140mm Ecobatt insulation with ECOSE timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer panel finish coat (white wax)

wooden canopy and sun shading

Gaulhofer triple glazed tilt and slide wooden window

solid wooden door (street entrance) CLT partition wall 75mm cast in-situ polished concrete floor incorporating under floor heating and cooling, waterproof membrane, 100mm rigid insulation, 300mm concrete slab

Entering apartment type B from the courtard side.

Living room and study / den of dwelling type B.

Open-plan bedroom of House B; stairs go up to level 3.

stone pavers above 1.5% slope (drainage layer)

Multi-purpose front room with double-height void of type A.

Floating room of House A; room behind internal brick wall.

triple-glazed wood-frame facade

roof of type A: gravel drainage layer, polymer bitumen seal 140mm Ecobatt insulation (pressure-resistant) moisture barrier: bitumen aluminum 125mm KLH floor / roof panel

wooden decking on top of soffit drainage layer: gravel polymer bitumen seal 140mm Ecobatt insulation (pressure-resistant) moisture barrier: bitumen aluminum 125mm KLH floor / roof panel

Detail A Soffit construction of dwelling type B

suspended floor construction: 18mm plywood, 100mm insulation with timber beams, room for HVAC and MEP services, 125mm KLH floor panel

triple-glazed wood-frame operable window

C white steel stair

6mm Marley Eternit black fibre cement slate cladding (500mm x 250mm) fixed with treated sw battens and counterbattens, 140mm Knaufinsulation Ecobatt with ECOSE, timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer cross-lam.timber panel

internal single glazing

triple-glazing facade

5mm white render coat, Fermacell HC reinforcing mesh, light plaster render, 125mm Fermacell HD Building Board , 140mm Ecobatt insulation with ECOSE timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer panel finish coat (white wax)

Detail B Typical KLH wall and ceiling / floor panel connection

wooden canopy and sun shading

Gaulhofer triple glazed tilt and slide wooden window

solid wooden door (street entrance) CLT partition wall 75mm cast in-situ polished concrete floor incorporating under floor heating and cooling, waterproof membrane, 100mm rigid insulation, 300mm concrete slab

underground parking stone pavers above 1.5% slope (drainage layer)

Detail C Ground floor slab (without underground parking)

roof of type A: gravel drainage layer, polymer bitumen seal 140mm Ecobatt insulation (pressure-resistant) moisture barrier: bitumen aluminum 125mm KLH floor / roof panel

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3000

3000

2300

38

WM

9m2 25m2

3000

2m2

House A. includes an internal permeable divider

D

D

22

street entrance

22m2

private / back entrance

3000

20m2

D

Detail F

3000

WM

22m2 6000

3.5m2

WORK

3000

LIVE

2m2

9m2 3000

LIVE

1500

LIVE

12.5m2

25m2

x

6000

4500

3000

A

Level 0

18m2

3m

9m2

6000

House A. section D-D 1:50

2m2 9m2 3.5m2

3.5

3000

1500

20m2

LIVE

3m2

1500

6000

22m2

37m2 8m2

14m2 6000

8m2

3000

WORK C

House B allows for a physical separation within the unit

18m2

WM

9000 2m2

Level 0 1:50

3.5m2

Level +1 1:50

12.5m2

9m2 WM

18m2

2300

3m2

4500

C

4.5m2

9000

37m2

C

8m2

3m2

1500

11m2

33

12.5m2 25m2

3000

3000

B

x

WM

25m2

20m2

House B. section C-C 1:50 22m2

4.5m2

14m2

WM

8m2

18m2

11m2

3.5m2

12.5m2

25m2

3m2

12.5m2

3000 14m2

3.5m2

3000

20m2

6000

22m2

20m2

WM

2m2

3000

13m2

Existing situation and condition of the IJBurg site (zoning: Block 125). A feeling of vastness, and open space lacking human activity.

Design proposal; perspective of main street. Black shingle facades line the public perimeter of the permeable blocks.

View of collective courtyard and the IJ. A white render coat is used for the courtyard-facing facades acting as canvases for additions.

9m2

106

6000

WM

37m2

6000

8m2

18m2

WM

37m2

8m2

18m2 6000

8m2

3m2

8m2

3m2

11m2 3m2 3m2

B

3m2

8m2

B

9000

12.5m2

9000 3.5m2

6000

11m2

8m2

3m2

3.5m2 12.5m2

2m2

12.5m2

9000

9000

A

A

2m2

9m2 WM

WM

D

37m2

4.5m2

20m2

D

2m2

1500

25m2

20m2

22m2

14m2

3.5m2

Level +1

8m2

m2

18m2

6000

WM

8m2

D

4.5m2

6000

WM

1500

D

37m2

street entrance

25m2

20m2

14m2 4.5m2

4.5m2 13m2

8m2

Level +1

8m2

3m2

18m2 11m2

18m2

11m2 3m2

9000

3m2

11m2

11m2

9000

3m2

3.5m2 12.5m2

3m2

12.5m2

3m

5m2

13m2

1:400 axonometric of one of the dwelling clusters.

1:400 axonometric of one of the dwelling clusters.

8m2 8m2 LocationWM of (1:50 study) House A and House B. WM Location of (1:50 study) House A and House B.

4.5m2

4.5m2

20m2

20m2 14m2 8m2

WM

WM

8m2

2 2 18m 13m

13m2

11m2 3m2

13m2

C

14m2

13m2

11m2

C

14m2

C

C

13m2

C

C

3m2

Level +2. addition example 1:50

Level +2. addition example 1:50

14m2

Level +1 1:50

14m2

C

13m2

14m2

13m2

3.5m2

20m2

12.5m2

13m

2

ng facades acting as canvases forLooking additions. down from roof terrace of House B Looking onto the down public from activity roof terrace strip with of House integrated B onto landscaping the publicand activity pavilions strip following with integrated the grid. landscaping and pavilions following the grid.

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