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Lecture 7: Bulk active system Theories of Architecture [ 3 ] FA 400 .4.5 . Fall 2014 Faculty of Fine Arts . Department of Architecture Alexandria University A.Prof Dr .Ebtissam M.Farid Moustapha Associate professor
نظام الكتل النشطة Bulk Active Structure System منشآت تقاوم القوى بكتلتها • • •
يعد من النظم التقليدية يتكون عادة من األعمدة و الكمرات باستخدام الخرسانة المسلحة او القطاعات المعدنية . هذا النظام عادة قد يظهر او ال يظهر بالواجهات وال يؤثر على التشكيل المعماري
Unité d'habitation – Le Corbusier
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
النظم االنشائية لالسقف ذات البحور الصغيرة Structure system for Small Spans
Simple Beam
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Flat Slab
Hollow block
Waffle slab
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Stonehenge, salisbury.England 2500 BCE
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
temple of poseidon
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
نظام األعمدة والكمراتBeams & Columns System
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
نظام الكمرات المتقاطعة و البالطاتBeams grid & slab System
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
نظام اإلطاراتFrames System
Frames distribute loads horizontally by means of beams or slabs to columns ( bearing walls ) which transmits the forces vertically to the supporting foundation
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
نظام اإلطاراتFrames System
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
نظام اإلطاراتFrames System
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Byzantine Cathedral , jerada ,Syria 5 the century CE Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Great mosque of Cordoba Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Triumphal Arch of Trajan. Italy C98-117 CE
• Walls are the simplest form of compression structure with loads transmitted vertically downwards. • Construction is usually in masonry or concrete. • Arches and vaults carry compression loads in a most efficient way due to their curvature. • Construction traditionally is in masonry, more recently in reinforced concrete.
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Palazzo della Ragione,Venice , Italy 16th century Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Westminster Abbey , London 1245 Lecture 7. Bulk active system
Cathedral de Notre Dam,Paris 1163-1345CE Lecture 7. Bulk active system