“
Lecture 6: Vertical system
Theories of Architecture [ 3 ] FA 400 .4.5 . Fall 2014 Faculty of Fine Arts . Department of Architecture Alexandria University A.Prof Dr .Ebtissam M.Farid Moustapha Associate professor
.5نظام اإلنشاء الرأسي للمبانى العالية
)Vertical Structure System ( High-Rise Buildings يحتاج هذا النوع إلى استمرارية في العناصر اإلنشائية لتلقى األحمال من األدوار المختلفة ونقلها إلى األرض خالل العناصر الرأسية ويمكن أيضا تدعيم هذه العناصر بعمل شكاالت متقاطعة على مسافات مختلفة لحماية المبنى من الرياح واألحمال الجانبية Lateral Loadsوهذا النظام اإلنشائي من الممكن أن يكون: Direct loading System – 1نظام تحميل مباشر – 2نظام تحميل غير مباشر Indirect loading System
Lecture 6. Vertical system
A high-rise as a building that is at least 75 feet (23 m) tall .
Sky-scraping construction is a method that has always been an ideal means of displaying power and influence in the community
Lecture 6. Vertical system
The first high-rise buildings were constructed in the United States in the 1880s. They arose in urban
areas where increased land prices and great population densities created a demand for buildings that rose vertically rather than spread horizontally, thus occupying less precious land area.
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
High-rise buildings were made practicable by the use of steel structural frames and glass exterior shearing. By the mid-20th century, such buildings had become a standard feature of the architectural landscape in most countries in the world.
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Multistory building tall enough to require the use of a system of mechanical vertical transportation such as elevators as the skyscraper is a very tall high-rise building.
Lecture 6. Vertical system
• From a business point of view : Business activities need to be close to each other • From a touristic community point of view : It forms prestige symbols , distinctive land marks Hotels and commercial city centers . • High cost of land and limited space ( Tokyo , Hongkong ,Rio de Janeiro , etc.. )
Lecture 6. Vertical system
• From a business point of view : Business activities need to be close to each other • From a touristic community point of view : It forms prestige symbols , distinctive land marks Hotels and commercial city centers . • High cost of land and limited space ( Tokyo , Hongkong ,Rio de Janeiro , etc.. )
Lecture 6. Vertical system
• Putting intense pressure on the available landscape . • Increase the risk , safety hazards and constitute an easy target incase of war and terrorism
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
• Vertical Loads ( Gravity ) both live and dead • Other : Temperature differential
Lecture 6. Vertical system
• Lateral Loads ; wind and earthquake
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Gherkin .London .Norman foster
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Design challenge ; selection of proper innovative systems
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Stabilizing elements are integrated into the vertical cores that house circulation and mechanical systems in tall buildings.
Lecture 6. Vertical system
They should be formed as closed elements, approximately square or cylindrical, with openings into the core kept to a minimum. A single core servicing an entire building should be located at the center of the building. Simple core structures can be used in buildings as high as 35 to 40 stories.
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Cores typically comprise approximately 20%–25% of the total floor area of a high-rise building.
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system
Lecture 6. Vertical system