KTT Studio 4: Transportation Design: BUS STATION – GIÁP BÁT STATION 19KTT Studio Hanoi Architectural University Study Length: 29weeks_Sept~ Jan.
‘PEARL HUB’
STUDENT CLASS STUDENT ID TUTOR
: NGUYỄN THỊ PHƯƠNG THẢO : 19KTT2 : 1951015082 : MARIA KIM
Table of
CONTENTS A
INTRODUCTION
3
B
CURRENT PROFILE AND SITE ANALYSIS
4
C
HISTORY OF HANOI
5
D
SITE RESEARCH
9
E
PRECEDENT STUDY
24
F
PROGRAM – ZONING DIAGRAM
67
G
DESIGN CONCEPT
68
H
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
71
I
FINAL DESIGN VISUALS
73 2
A
DESIGN BRIEF
Because of the rapid deterioration of Giap Bat bus station’s infrastructure in recent years, this design aims to improve not only the quality of the station’s services as well as the appearance of the station.
3
B
CURRENT PROFILE AND SITE ANALYSIS
LOCATION 978 Giải Phóng Street, Hoàng Mai District, Hà Nội City AREA 37000m2 YEAR 2003 CONTEXT • Giáp Bát station is also known as Southern station. • Around the 1980s it was located at the crossroads of Trần Nhân Tông and Lê Duẩn street. Due to the Hà Nội’s fast population growth rate leading to a severe shortage of land in the 1990s, the Southern station became degraded and caused pollution in said area. Thus was moved to the Giáp Bát location as today and has since then went through many renovations. • Despite the many renovations, the station’s model is outdated, unable to meet the infrastructure needs of an emerging city like Hà Nội 1. TRAFFIC
1.1 RAILWAY TRANSPORT
LOCATION
2.1 ROAD TRANSPORT
LONG BIÊN TRANSIT POINT ~30 MINUTES MỸ ĐÌNH STATION ~26 MINUTES
GIA LÂM STATION ~1 HOUR
HÀ NỘI STATION ~20 MINUTES 2. HOUSING
2.1 APARTMENT BUILDING
2.1 RESIDENTIAL HOUSE GIÁP BÁT STATION
~2000m
2. NATURE
GENERAL URBAN FABRIC
NƯỚC NGẦM STATION ~10 MINUTES
By TEAM 1 Nguyễn Mạnh Cường Vương Xuân Tiến Nguyễn Thành Vinh Phạm Ngọc Tân Trần Sơn Tùng
~5000m
YÊN NGHĨA STATION ~50 MINUTES
4~8000m GENERAL URBAN FABRIC
C
HISTORY OF HANOI
BOUNDARY EXPANSION
Hà Nội City
Giáp Bát Ward
By TEAM 1 Nguyễn Mạnh Cường Vương Xuân Tiến Nguyễn Thành Vinh Phạm Ngọc Tân 5 Trần Sơn Tùng
HISTORY
RESIDENTIAL HOUSING
During the integration period, a series of highrise and public buildings were built
APARTMENT BUILDING
By TEAM 1 Nguyễn Mạnh Cường Vương Xuân Tiến Nguyễn Thành Vinh Phạm Ngọc Tân 6 Trần Sơn Tùng
HISTORY
LANDSCAPE
By TEAM 1 Nguyễn Mạnh Cường Vương Xuân Tiến Nguyễn Thành Vinh Phạm Ngọc Tân 7 Trần Sơn Tùng
HISTORY
TRANSIT FACILITY DEVELOPEMENT
By TEAM 1 Nguyễn Mạnh Cường Vương Xuân Tiến Nguyễn Thành Vinh Phạm Ngọc Tân 8 Trần Sơn Tùng
D
#1,2 SKETCH
SITE RESEARCH
INTRACITY BUS ENTRANCE
COACH ENTRANCE
#3 PLAN
APPROACH: The research area has 3 entrances
By TEAM 3 Chu Nguyên Thắng Phan Công Tùng Nguyễn Xuân Thịnh Nguyễn Minh Tuấn
• Intracity bus entrance from Giải Phóng Street in the West: 40m wide roadway + 5m wide side walk for each side • Coach entrance from Lane 897 Giải Phóng Street in the South: 10m wide roadway + 1,5m/2m wide side walk for each side At the moment, lane 897 Giải phóng is the entrance to the station of the coach • Taxi entrance from Giải Phóng Street in the West: 40m wide roadway + 5m wide side walk for each side 9
#4 CROSS SECTION
#5 LONGITUDINAL SECTION
10
#6 SKETCH
DETAIL
• Street vendor at the coach entrance servicing passengers, drivers and security staff. Dangerous situations could occur if the vendor’s customers clogging up the coach entrance.
• Unloading services can be acquired around the entrance as well as pick up and drop off areas.
11
#7 DIAGRAM
MOVEMENT / MONDAY 9 AM
VANS INTERCITY BUS INTRACITY BUS TAXI PEDESTRIAN Kim Đồng Lake
• Giáp Bát station starts off the week busy with the biggest crowd gathered at around 9AM • Movements in the the station often intersect causing traffic conjestion and possible accidents Giải Phóng street
Giáp Bát Train Station
By TEAM 3 Chu Nguyên Thắng Phan Công Tùng Nguyễn Xuân 12 Thịnh Nguyễn Minh Tuấn
#8 DIAGRAM
SITE FUNCTIONS
MAINTENANCE AREA INTERCITY BUS PARKING AREA INTERCITY BUS PICK UP & DROP OFF CONCOURSE LONGTERM PARKING AREA FOR BIKES & MOTORBIKES
Kim Đồng Lake
INTRACITY BUS PICK UP & DROP OFF TAXI/COMMERCIAL VEHICLE PICK UP & DROP OFF
• The station’s simple program proves to be insufficient in present day as it fails to create interesting spaces to accommodate core customers: the passengers.
Geleximco Southern Star apartment building
Giải Phóng street
Giáp Bát Train Station
• The station lacks an inviting open public space
13
#8 DIAGRAM
BUILDING FUNCTIONS
INTERCITY BUS DECK
CORRIDORS
WC
WAITING ROOM FOR LONG DISTANCE PASSENGERS
TICKET OFFICE
ACCESS POINT
• The multiple wide entrances of the building allow easy access for passengers and visitors. • Long bus deck allowing simultaneous bus boardings • WC services on the left side of the building
By TEAM 2 Nguyễn Thị Phương Thảo Nguyễn Đức Văn Nguyễn Đức Trung Hoàng Minh Tùng
14
#8 DIAGRAM
MATERIAL
By TEAM 2 Nguyễn Thị Phương Thảo Nguyễn Đức Văn Nguyễn Đức Trung Hoàng Minh Tùng
15
#8 DIAGRAM SUMMER SOLSTICE JUNE 21ST 10AM
LIGHT & SHADOW JUNE 21ST 2PM
SOUTH WEST FOEHN WINDS
WINTER SOLSTICE DEC 21ST 10AM
DEC 21ST 2PM
NORTH EAST MONSOON SEASONAL WINDS
• South West Foehn winds (dry, warm, down-slope winds) blow directly onto the site due to the surrounding buildings being low rise in summer • During the winter monsoon, North East winds blow directly onto the site • The single high rise building in the cluster offers shade for the site at 10AM during winter 16
HEAT RADIATION Insufficient landscape planning CONDITION • Summer Solstice(JUNE 21) Sunlight shines almost vertically =>Large amount of solar radiation hits the ground • Winter Solstice (DEC 21) Sunlight shines at a 45 degree angle =>solar radiation levels significantly less • Air quality greatly affects the temperature and humidity of the air. The higher the air quality index (AQI), the higher the temperature and humidity of the air. Hanoi’s AQI ranges from moderate to high.
CONCLUSION The station has a large driveway and parking area which is mostly exposed . The station’s grounds consists of large exposed areas with scattered shading areas (trees, canopies), which isn’t suitable for passengers walking around to reach their coach/ bus pick up areas.
By TEAM 2 Nguyễn Thị Phương Thảo Nguyễn Đức Văn Nguyễn Đức Trung Hoàng Minh Tùng
17
#8 DIAGRAM
CIRCULATION & NODES
FUNCTIONS INTRACITY BUS INTRACITY BUS (WAITING) TAXI / COMMERCIAL VEHICLE / PERSONAL VEHICLE INTERCITY BUS (WAITING) CONCOURSE STORAGE AREA LONGTERM PARKING FOR BIKES / MOTORBIKES WC TICKET COUNTER
CIRCULATION INTRACITY BUS INTERCITY BUS TAXI / COMMERCIAL VEHICLE / PRIVATE VEHICLE PEDESTRIAN UNLOADING SERVICE NODES
• The program is cluttered, resulting in collision points (nodes) with traffic conflict • Traffic conflict is time consuming and affects other activities on the site 18
#8 DIAGRAM
1ST FLOOR PLAN
2ND FLOOR PLAN
STRUCTURE
SECTION
By TEAM 2 Nguyễn Thị Phương Thảo Nguyễn Đức Văn Nguyễn Đức Trung Hoàng Minh Tùng
19
#8 DIAGRAM EXIT The station fails to provide inviting waiting areas that customers rather occupy the sidewalk outside the station during active hours.
VIEWPOINTS & LANDMARKS
DROP OFF / PICK UP Simple lane division. Street vendor operate inside of the station near bus parking space creating dangerous situation when buses circulate.
EXIT Outline of coach and bus lanes at the exit. People loitering around the station’s fence
By TEAM 2 Nguyễn Thị Phương Thảo Nguyễn Đức Văn Nguyễn Đức Trung Hoàng Minh Tùng
ENTRANCE: High traffic volume at the entrance due to the adjacent 9-meter-wide Giải phóng str. Road being the coach and truck entryway.
ENTRANCE Big tree and billboard frame 16-meter-wide entrance that welcomes buses., motorbikes and pedestrians. Commercial vehicle tend to drop off passengers in this area, adding to the traffic volume.
20
1
#9,10,11 SKETCH
2
4
3 2
1
3
4
21
HUB PROJECT Bus Station Transit point (imagined)
Water Taxi(imagined) Airplane Locomotive Train Light-weight Train
Hà Nội International Airport International Terminal Domestic Terminal
Taxi, Commercial vehicles
Metro Station
Intracity Bus Transport Hubs(Imagined)
Gia Lâm Train Station & Heliport
Hà Nội Train Station Metro Station Giáp Bát Station Metro Station
• Transport hubs can be put at strategic points of intersection where passengers and cargo are exchanged between vehicles and/or between transport nodes
• Giáp Bát Station can be a transports hub that connects bus stops, the locomotive train station, the light-weight train station and the water taxi terminal
By TEAM 2 Nguyễn Thị Phương Thảo Nguyễn Đức Văn Nguyễn Đức Trung Phan Công Tùng22
HEIGHT REGULATION HEIGHT REGULATION FOR ADJACENT HOUSES IN VIETNAM AREA (m2)
FAÇADE WIDTH (m)
Max. HEIGHT (m)
Max. LEVELS
30-40
<3
<16
4
40-50
3-8
<20
5
>50
>8
<24
6
• Giáp Bát Ward’s adjacent houses follow the regulation with the height fluctuating from 1-5 levels, maximum height being 21,3m • Highrise building has the height of 90m
+90m
+18m
+21m 23
E
PRECEDENT STUDY
YOKOHAMA INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER TERMINAL
• • • • •
Location: Yokohama, Japan Construction period: 1995-2002 Site Area: 48.000m2 Architects: Foreign Office Architects (FOA) Client: Port and Harbor Authority and the City of Yokohama 24
SITE AND CONTEXT
•
•
Yokohama International Port Terminal was the result of an international competition held in 1995 to design a passenger ferry terminal on an existing pier in Yokohama, Japan’s second-largest city. FOA’s design stood out amongst 660 others as a hyper-technological design that introduces urban public spaces into transportation infrastructure.
25
CIRCULATION •
•
The circulation system consists of a series of interlocking paths, designed to increase opportunities for exchanges between individuals and present them with choices. The terminal’s no return circulation system provides flexibility in movement for passengers and general guest throughout the building.
Citizen path
Passenger departure path
Passenger arrival path Potential circulation paths for different user groups
26
SPATIAL ELEMENTS • •
The terminal open floor plans connected by a series of gently sloping ramps create seamless transitions from inside to outside and vice versa. To further enhance the continuity between interior and exterior, only three material finishes are used throughout the entire building (wood, steel, concrete)
Observation deck
Outdoor event plaza
Lobby
Transitional space
Basement
Transitional space 27
PROGRAM • •
•
Adequate basement design with emergency exits and safe rooms The mechanical plant and luggage-handling units are concealed within the structure and the raised wood-flooring system in favor of clearing the spatious ground plan for administrative and operational areas. Observation deck doubles as a outdoor plaza
28
LANDSCAPE •
Yamashita Park
Akaranega Park
The deck design is harmonious with the urban waterfront. The terminal seamlessly emerges from the neighboring Yamashita and Akaranega Parks to make one uninterrupted, universally accessible urban parkscape.
29
FORM •
•
The building is designed to be flat to ensure that inland views of the waterfront remain unobstructed and to become an extension of the landscape, strengthening the relationship between the building and the city. Phylogenesis, a process for creating form via constantly mutating and proliferating computer programs, was implemented in the design process. The computer generated solutions that take the form of undulating planes, or new landscapes are kept in the final design.
30
STRUCTURE •
•
Light weight structure made of folded steel plates and concrete girders supports the building , similar to corrugated cardboard. 14 meter long steel beams placed low to fit the safety guidelines. Honeycomb core
31
PLANS
Observation deck plan
Ground level plan
32
SECTIONS
33
HONG KONG WEST KOWLOON TERMINUS
• • • • • • • • •
Location: Hong Kong SAR, China Construction period: 2011-2018 Site Area: 58,797m2 Gross Floor Area: 430.000m2 Budget: HK$10,75bn Architects: Aedas Architects Landscape Architects: EDAW Project Manager: AECOM Client: MTR Corporation Hong Kong
SITE AND CONTEXT •
West Kowloon Terminus (WKT), as the most southern terminus of the national high-speed rail network, forms the gateway to Mainland China, directly connecting Hong Kong to other major hubs in the country, leading to the economic growth of both regions.
•
Taking up an expansive space in between the old, denselypopulated urban districts and the new WK Cultural District, the project presents as an opportunity to improve the urban quality by introducing more welcoming public spaces and much needed landscapes into the urban fabric
Guangzhou-Shenzen-Hongkong express Rail Link
35
• • • • •
EXITS (13)
Austin Station (3) Green Plaza (3) Xiqu Centre West Kowloon Station Bus Terminus Sky Corridor
• • • •
Wui Man Road Pick-up/Drop-off Coach Pick-up/Drop-off Elements Lin Cheung Road (closed)
A
B
D
E
C 36
PLAN
• 9 operating entrances, Lin Cheung road entrance closed • 3 entrances directly from the coach pick-up/dropoff area on Road Dia, opposite to Austin station and a bus stop will receive the highest traffic volume
GROUND FLOOR PLAN 37
• 3 operating entrances
1ST FLOOR PLAN 38
• Publicly accessible walkway to the sky corridor
2ND FLOOR PLAN 39
ELEVATION •
WKT is a 2-story-building with 4 basements connected by a series of elevators, escalators and staircases.
•
Low rise building with the roof acting as an public observation deck encourages inland views of the Hong Kong skyline and Victoria’s peak
NORTH ELEVATION
SOUTH ELEVATION
WEST ELEVATION
EAST ELEVATION 40
SECTION
41
SITE PROGRAM
42
PROGRAM • •
Creating welcoming public spaces for citizens and passengers alike Levels connected by elevators, escalators and stairways
L2 Landscaped Deck L1
Footbrigde
Sky Corridor / Sightseeing Deck A large public green space with a footbridge connecting to Kowloon MTR Station and Austin MTR Station
Entrance, concourses, public transport G Ground Level interchange, Airport Express Shuttle Bus, Coach Pick-up / Drop off
43
• •
Accessibility for non-passengers reduces significantly at the Arrival and Departure concourse Amenities for passengers in the waiting area and quarantine area
B1 Restaurants Restaurants offer hot meals. M and Foods Ticket B1 Concourse
Ticket counters, Self-service ticket purchase / collection machines, ticket check, security check, parking, Taxi drop-off area, wheelchair passengers pick-up / drop-off
Arrival Concourse
Mainland China port area for exit clearance, Hong Kong port area for entry clearance, including health quarantine, immigration inspection and customs, ticket check for check-out, Austin Road West underpass arrival hall, offices, taxi pick-up stations, subways to Austin Station, the station car park
B3
Departure Concourse
Hong Kong port area for exit clearance, Mainland China port area for entry clearance, including health quarantine, immigration inspection and customsCustoms and Immigration, waiting hall, departure hall, business lounge, duty-free stores, food, and beverage stalls.
B4
Departure Platforms
Get aboard outbound trains / Alight from inbound trains, 15 platforms
B2
44
CIRCULATION
Departure flow Unpaid flow “Mainland port area”
Arrival flow Unpaid flow “Mainland port area” 45
LANDSCAPE • •
WKT introduces green infrastructure into WK urban fabric with emphasis on place making, connectivity with existing green spaces and sustainability. The terminus represents the future of Hong Kong and its possible green infrastructure driven urban development.
Green space Site
46
•
Sustainable design strategies Site landscape
Roof structure
47
48
STRUCTURE
49
•
Structural columns
50
•
Truss structure with V-shaped cross section
51
VÄSTERÅS TRAVEL CENTER
• • • • • •
Location: Västerås, Sweden Design reveal: 2015 Planned construction period: 2022-2025 Site Area: 16.963m2 Architects: B.I.G Architects Client: Västerås municipality
SITE AND CONTEXT
•
Västerås Travel Centre is a new infrastructural hub in the heart of one of Sweden’s largest cities. Behaving like a dynamic urban node and visual landmark, the travel center will connect the neighborhoods of Västerås and the city’s flows and create a new public destination in the city center.
•
The project is part of the ambitious longterm urban redevelopment plan “3B – Build Away the Barriers” that seeks to redesign the area surrounding the railway station, reconnecting it to the city of Västerås.
53
CONCEPT
54
FORM
• A prominent feature of the Västerås Visitor Center is the floating roof, which acts as a curling, light stratum cloud that shelters visitors and the landscape.
55
•
Finalized building design
Two buildings will be included in the main structure of the travel center; a primary and a secondary building. The primary building will occupy the site of the current station building and will be accessible from either side of the tracks with entrance points located at both ends. Meanwhile, a secondary building, located on the Ring Road, will service travellers with different needs and will also be accessible from both ends.
56
PROGRAM •
The blue area is the space with different functions such as commercial area, restaurant, office, event area and exhibition space.
1ST FLOOR PLAN •
Open floor plan free of pillars for commercial programs to be designed without obstacles.
57
2ND FLOOR PLAN
LANDSCAPE •
Terraces surrounding the travel centre create natural connections to Vasaparken and Hamnparken, and meeting places that act as extensions of the city’s rooms, floors, parks and streets.
•
Visitors and locals can enjoy lookout points, meeting places, hang out spots, playful edges for skating, resting in the sun, WiFi zones, and seating to observe the city.
58
CIRCULATION Train Bicycle Bus Taxi Pedestrian
• The travel hub will be equipped with ramps and slopes for cyclists and pedestrians with strollers, walkers or wheelchairs. • Sloping ramps built over the tracks will help travelers and visitors cross and reach the other side, as well as offer beautiful views and serving as meeting or resting places. 59
STRUCTURE •
Roof part
The roof is divided into 3 parts • The top part is made of aluminum • Solid metal frame • Heat-resistant layer •
Glass wall
Glass walls with aluminum frames are hard, durable and lightweight. The random arrangement of glass panes gives us different views through the door frame
•
Column
Are the bearing columns for the roof set with a diameter of 500mm There are a few poles at the far end that are plugged straight into the ground
60
•
A zigzag line of load-bearing elements cuts across the roof, connecting the columns lining the perimeter, freeing the indoor landscape of constructive elements.
•
The same line slices openings in the roof's surface, providing light and natural ventilation
61
INTERCITY BUS TERMINAL
• • • • •
Location: Porcuna, Jaén, Spain Design reveal: 2009 Site Area: 745m2 Architects: Jorge G. Molinero Sánchez José Luis Rodríguez Gil Client: EPSA
SITE AND CONTEXT • The architects wished to generate a unique environment for the user: a platform with relationship and intimate spaces enveloped in an atmosphere almost exclusively defined by the particular quality of light passing through the object. • They seek to reduce the impact of the project in its environment
63
PLAN • • •
4 bus stands The terminal’s design is simple, functional and spacious, the interior elements can be used as furniture. Reuse of stormwater for garden irrigation, with a concrete cistern to store water collected from the roof and other drains in the garden areas
CIRCULATION • •
A complete separation between pedestrian and bus circulation, prioritizing the pedestrian circulation and organizing the terminal The building functions as a filter between the passengers and buses.
64
SECTION •
Creates a unique environment for the user: a platform with relationship and intimate spaces enveloped in an atmosphere almost exclusively defined by the particular quality of light passing through the object.
ELEVATION
65
STRUCTURE • •
Light metal structure Exposed construction elements
MATERIAL •
Translucent polycarbonate roof plates, and galvanized perforated steel sheet cladding on all sides.
•
Uses materials and exposed construction elements with no added finishes, with a galvanized, perforated sheet cladding that has several functions: provide spaciousness, security, solar protection, and economy in construction, maintenance and future recycling.
•
The asphalt at the access area contains rubber from recycled tires. 66
F
PROGRAM Non-Public Area
Information Desk Ticket Office Ticket Vending Machine Rental Corner (Car, Mobile Phone) ATM Electronic Device Charging Station First Aid Elevator, Stairs Taxi, Commercial Vehicle Pick Up & Drop Off Passenger Vehicle Parking Lot Bicycle Stand Green Space Toilet Space (Passenger)
Staff Office Storage Maintenance Center Staff Vehicle Parking Lot Toilet Space (Staff, Bus Driver)
Public Area _ Paid
Commercial Area
Waiting Area (Long Stay, Short Stay) Inter-city Bus Stand Inner-city Bus Stand Toilet Space (Passenger,Staff)
Food Court Souvenir shop Cafeteria Gallery Toilet Space (Passenger, Staff)
Passenger WC
L2 Rental Corner (Car, Mobile Phone)
Taxi, Commercial Vehicle Pick Up & Drop Off
Ticket Vending Machine
B1
Passenger Vehicle Parking Lot
G
Gallery
Electronic Device Charging Station
Staff Vehicle Parking Lot
Souvenir shop
Coffee shop
First Aid
Electronic Device Charging Station
Staff WC
Ticket Vending Machine
Information Desk
Bus Driver, Staff WC Maintenance Center
Inter-city Bus Stand
Ticket Office
Gallery
Staff WC
Staff Office
L2
Inter-city Bus Stand Inter-city Bus Stand
Storage
B2
Maintenanc e Center
Staff WC
Ticket Office
Waiting Area Long Stay
Ticket Vending Machine
Waiting Area Short Stay
Electronic Device Charging Station First Aid ATM Information Desk
Bus Driver, Staff WC
Taxi, Commercial Vehicle Pick Up & Drop Off
L1
Security Center
Passenger Vehicle Parking Lot
Passenger Toilet Space
Waiting Area Long Stay First Aid
Rental Corner (Car, Mobile Phone)
Inner-city Bus Stand
Inter-city Bus Stand Staff Office
Passenger WC
Maintenance Center
Bicycle Stand Electronic Device Charging Station
Stairs Elevator
Coffee shop
Souvenir shop
Storage
Staff Vehicle Parking Lot
B2
Waiting Area Long Stay
Storage
Bus Driver, Staff WC
Passenger Vehicle Parking Lot
B1
Passenger WC
Food Court
Passenger WC
Souvenir shop
Passenger WC
Waiting Area Short Stay
Inner-city Bus Stand
L3
First Aid
Passenger WC
Concourse
Passenger WC
Ticket Vending Machine
Waiting Area Short Stay Electronic Device Charging Station
Inner-city Bus Stand
ATM
Staff WC
Ticket Office
Cafeteria
Cafeteria
Green Space
Food Court
First Aid
Security Center
Staff Office
Ticket Vending Machine
Bus Driver, Staff Toilet Space
Bicycle Stand
Bus Driver, Staff WC
Bicycle Stand
Rental Corner (Car, Mobile Phone)
Green Space
Staff WC
Ticket Office
Green Space
Information Desk
Taxi, Commercial Vehicle Pick Up & Drop Off
Public Area _ Unpaid
Gallery
L1
ZONING DIAGRAMS FOR 3 ALTERNATIVES
Public Semi Public Private
Entrance Exit Connection
67
Staff Vehicle Parking Lot
SCHEME 1: 1 LEVEL
DESIGN CONCEPT
E
• • • •
Place all functions on one level (while reducing bus parking as needed) Provide for ventilating air to flow easily through the building during the summer Warm in the concourse on B1 during winter using morning, midday, afternoon sun Use wood long-span structure to create a column-free two-story high waiting room on B2
Roof L1 B1 B2 Ramp
Grid generated from the geometry of the site
Outlining main building and accessing ramps
Result 68
SCHEME 2: 2 LEVELS • • •
• •
Select this option with design development for 'SCHEMATIC DESIGN'
Split the functions on two levels** Make the waiting area and the food concession share the same space One green courtyard (a space enclosed by the building’s walls, open to the sky) Free the flow of traffic to avoid of traffic jam. Prioritize public safety: separate the arrival and departure flows of people and buses Roof L2 L1 B1 B2 Ramp
Applying patterns on the plan
Outlining main building, pavements and bridges
Result 69
SCHEME 3: 3 LEVELS • • • •
Split the functions on three levels Filter light coming from the east and west with exterior sun screens ** Provide north light entering from a north-facing skylight above in the waiting area. The building’s U-shape orients to the North Green roofs with trees and water “collection / filtration system”
Roof L3 L2 L1
Free form lines depicting possible traffic flows
Outlining main building and bridges
Result 70
H
DESIGN DEVELOPEMENT
MODULE
Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus / Pearl Oyster) A species of fungi that more often will form clusters or “bouquets” or multiple fruiting bodies on decaying hardwood logs or stumps in low lying areas, often beside ponds, creeks, or other naturally humid areas.
Sketch of cluster
Sketch of fruiting body
Type 1
Simplified fruiting body
Line drawing of fruiting bodies of different sizes
Pattern types
Type 2 4 Layered Pattern
2 Layered Pattern
Patterns • Grid (5x4)
• Offset 1/2 (5X4)
71
F O R M
TYPE 1
TYPE 2
TYPE 3
S T U D Y
TYPE 4
72
I
FINAL DESIGN VISUALS
PERSPECTIVE
Entrance for passenger and visitors Entrance for staff Entrance for bus
MASTER PLAN | 1:2000
73
ELEVATION Foot bridges connects the hub to Giap Bat train station and the landmark - Geleximco Southern Star. EAST ELEVATION | 1:800
NORTH ELEVATION | 1:800
SOUTH ELEVATION | 1:800
WEST ELEVATION | 1:800
74
PLAN SOUVENIR SHOP
LEVEL 1 (+150) | 1:1600
2 B 2
1
C 6
2 7 1
2 1
5
C
CONCOURSE
1 B
7
C
6 9
C 8
1 3 5
9 8
7
1
Public Area _ Unpaid
C 7
COURTYARD
4
LEVEL 1 VIEWS
C
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C
Information Desk Ticket Office Ticket Vending Machine Rental Corner (Car, Mobile Phone) ATM Electronic Device Charging Station First Aid Taxi, Commercial Vehicle Pick Up & Drop Off Temporary Parking Space Bicycle Stand Toilet Space (Passenger) Green space
C
C
Non-Public Area
Public Semi public Private Entrance
LEVEL 2 (+3600) | 1:1600
1 Toilet Space (Staff) 2 Storage Commercial Area
1 2 3 4
Souvenir shop Cafeteria Gallery Toilet Space (Passenger, Staff)
7
6
2 2
2
3
2
6
LOBBY
LOOK DOWN TO TAXI DROP OFF AREA
CAFETERIA
2
7
1
75
LEVEL 2 VIEWS
PLAN • •
BASEMENT 1 (-4000) | 1:1600
Basement 1 can accommodate 18 inner-city buses Basement 2 can accommodate 108 inter-city buses, with 37 bus stands Waiting room and concourse floor on Basement 1 has an elevation of (-3600) Waiting room and concourse floor on Basement 2 has an elevation of (-7600) First aid kits and corners are distributed across the building
• • •
1
8 2 5
2
4
1
7
1 Public Area _ Unpaid
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Information Desk Ticket Office Ticket Vending Machine ATM Electronic Device Charging Station First Aid Passenger Vehicle Parking Lot Toilet Space (Passenger)
Commercial Area
1 Food Court
Non-Public Area
1 2 3 4 5
Staff Office Storage Maintenance Center Staff Vehicle Parking Lot Toilet Space (Staff, Bus Driver)
55 4
Public Semi public Private Entrance
5 3 6
2
4
Public Area _ Paid
1 2 3 4 5
Waiting Area (Long Stay) Waiting Area (Short Stay) Inter-city Bus Stand Inner-city Bus Stand Toilet Space (Passenger)
BASEMENT 1 (-8000) | 1:1600
1
5
6
3 1
2
1 8 6
4 5
INTER-CITY BUS STAND AREA 76
ROOF PLAN
TECHNICAL & MATERIAL •
Roof: Aluminium truss frame
•
Columns: Reinforced concrete columns
•
Basements: Reinforced concrete frame
77
SECTION 1
CROSS SECTION | 1:800
2
TECHNICAL DETAIL | 1:240
SECTION 1 | 1:800
SECTION 2 | 1:800 78
MOVEMENT DIAGRAM EXPLODED DIAGRAM
HUMAN MOVEMENT Passenger who leaves immediately Passengers who have spare time or need to wait Visitors, neighboring local people Someone who has plenty of time
Passenger Staff Visitor
BUS ROUTES + GENERAL PUBLIC TRANSPORT MOVEMENT
Inter-city bus Inner-city bus Passenger/visitor vehicle Taxi/commercial vehicle Bicycle
79
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
80