Eelachchudar 01092014

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03

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Thileepan Anna

“I am confident that our people will, one day, achieve their freedom. It gives me great satisfaction and contentment that I am fulfilling a national responsibility to the nation.”

When we hear the names of historical figures such as Gandhi and Martin Luther King, we think, peace, non-violence, liberation struggles. These individuals remind us of the injustice that surrounds us and the sufferings experienced by many in such an unjust world.

Thileepan Anna. This is not just another name to add to the list above. He’s not just a soul who stood for the rights and fr freedom of his people. Thileepan Anna. When Tamils hear his name, they feel a wave of pride flush over them. Their hairs stand at ends, as they think in awe, how it was possible for an individual to be so selfless in such a selfish world. Although history has taught us many lessons and given us new perspectives, Thileepan Anna’s selfless sacrifice, his determination to achieve a resolution for the Tamils, and his commitment have inspired all Tamils and taught us much more than history can ever teach us.

What Happened?

The Indo-Lanka accord was signed between the Indian and Sri Lankan Governments in 1987, assuring the safety, wellbeing and prosperity of Tamils from both the Indian and Sri Lankan Government. When the Indian Army arrived on the Tamils’ land in 1987, Tamils came to know that the Indian Army was rather aimed at bringing an end to Tamil nationalism on the island. In effort to persuade the Indian Go Government to honour the security undertakings it gave to the Tamils in the treaty, Thileepan Anna, the former political wing leader for the Jaffna District of the Liberation Tigers of Tamileelam began a fast-unto-death on September 15, 1987 in front of Nallur Kandasamy Temple, demanding the following from the Indian Government: - Release of all Tamils held in police stations, military camps and prisons under Sri Lanka’s Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA) - Bring an end to the state-sponsored Sinhala colonization of Tamil lands - Halt the setting up of Sinhala-manned police stations in Tamil areas - Withdraw Sri Lankan security forces from Tamil areas and disarm homeguards under the supervision of the Indian Army - Suspend all rehabilitation work until the formation of an interim Tamil government for the Tamil homelands To obtain the freedom and rights that his people were deprived of, Thileepan Anna deprived himself of basic necessities. He starved himself, and refused to intake water, ensuring that not even a drop of water touched his tongue during the hunger strike. Never in history has an individual undergone a hunger strike such as Thileepan Anna did. Hunger strikers refuse food during their strike.

Thileepan Anna, refused liquids as well, surpassing the non-violent actions of even Mahatma Gandhi.

The Sri Lankan and Indian governments ignored Thileepan Anna’s peaceful protest and carelessly watched him make the ultimate sacrifice for his people and land on September 26, 1987.

For Thileepan Anna, death was not a matter of seconds; it was a matter of weeks. He lived through a hell of 12 days, as he watched his body expire. Death is a permanent end to life. But Thileepan Anna put himself through 12 days of death, as he experienced the tortures of his organs slowly losing their function and his body becoming weaker with every minute that passed. All of this for what? To safeguard the freedom and honour of the people he loved so that his people could live with dignity in a country of their own, Tamileelam.

Although he was part of a guerilla movement, Thileepan Anna chose the path of ahimsa to demand the freedom of his people. His actions serve as a symbol of peace, and his belief in a non-violent struggle. Thileepan Anna’s death reveals the determination of our Tamil freedom fighters and the heights that they will go to for the people and land that they love, for they believe that “A life is very, very pr precious. But even more precious is our freedom, our honour, our rights.”

Thileepan Anna, through his sacrifice, reminds us that the freedom of Tamils is in only our hands. Twenty-five years have passed since the death of our Anna, however, the situation a quarter decade back still remains. The country and people for which he gave his life for continue to have their rights deprived and voices silenced. His hunger for peace, thirst for freedom, for a country of our own has yet to be fulfilled. His selfless sacrifice shall guide us in our journey for Tamileelam, so that one day, we can be assured that Thileepan Anna and all our Maveerar, rest in peace.

According to a 2007 study in the American Family Physician, iron deficiency anaemia (iDA), is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. IDA affects 9 to 12% of non-Hispanic white women, about 20% of black and Mexican-American women, and 2% of adult men.1 Iron deficiency anaemia occurs when the body’s haemoglobin level is below normal. Haemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen throughout the body. Iron is an essential part of haemoglobin, and with lower levels, the body can’t get the necessary amount of oxygen: This discrepancy leads to fatigue, amongst other potentially impairing symptoms discussed in this article. Here’s a guide to understanding iron deficiency anaemia, its common causes, why it may be a problem, symptoms associated with it, and possible ways to overcome it.

Role of iron in the body: Iron is found in every cell and is essential to blood production. The body needs iron to make the oxygen- transporting proteins haemoglobin and myoglobin. Haemoglobin is found in red blood cells and plays a role in transferring oxygen from the Lungs to tissues. Myoglobin is found in muscles and accepts, stores, transports and releases oxygen. Besides its function in blood production, some iron is stored as a component of protein for use in respiration, metabolism, and the synthesis of collagen and neurotransrnitters.

Common Causes of IDA:

Why is it a risk?

Women Emerge as Primary Cave Artist It has long been assumed that men created the Palaeolithic art found on cave walls. This is mainly because cave paintings often depict animals or hunting scenes, the actions normally associated with males. Negative hand stencils or positive hand prints of varying sixes often company these paintings. Previously the smaller of these handprints were attributed to adolescent boys rather than women; however, research funded by National Geographic and conducted by Professor Dean Snow, an emeritus professor and archaeologist at Penn State University, has recently revealed that the majority of handprints found on the cave walls may have been women’sindi a possible indicator that women were the primary cave artist in the Palaeolithic era.

Snow was first inspired to conduct this research after talking with John Manning, a British biologist who has researched the use of various hand measurements (Length of hand, digit ratio, etc) to determine sex and other traits, such as sexual preference and susceptibility to heart disease. Following his conversation with Manning, Snow picked up a book on Upper Palaeolithic art and examined some of the photographs of handprints inside. He realised almost immediately that many of these handprints belonged to women, and set out to explore further.

What followed was nearly a decade of research, during which Snow examined hundreds of handprints in caves mainly in Spain and southern France. Through extensive exploration, Snow was only able to gain useable data for about 32 handprints. He created algorithms to determine whether those handprints were male or female. Snow’s analysis, published in a recent issue of American Antiquity, found that 75% of the handprints (24 of the 32) belong to women. Men left 10% percent of the prints, and the remaining 15% were found to belong to adolescent boys.

To obtain these results, Snow used a two stage analysis. The first stage was based solely on digit and hand lengths and was about 79% successful in determining gender, while the second stage examined rations between digits and had a 60% success rate, namely in distinguishing the handprints of female of those of young boys. Snow’s calculations were mainly possible because at the time that the paintings were created, the physical different between men and women known as sexual dimorphism- were much more pronounced than they are today. The ratio of the index finger to the ring finger and the index finger to the little finger were both higher in women than in men, and on average males handprints were much larger than those of females- about 17mm longer and 10mm wider.

Snow is satisfied with the results he obtained, but believed that further research and more data could yield a higher success rate. it is also important to note that physical traits differ with geography, so Snow’s research is not relevant in areas of the world other than south-western Europe, and is still too limited even to make generalisations about that region. Nevertheless, his research has proven that it is possible to determine the sex of human who left handprints in Palaeolithic cave sites nearly 40,000 years ago- and, furthermore, his results have challenged the assumption that the majority of those handprints were made by men. While women may not necessarily have been hunting game themselves, they had plenty of interest in the outcome of the hunt, and as a consequence may have been significantly more involved in creating cave art than their male counterparts.

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Questions

This is your chance to highlight your understanding of and passion for the industry. Show that you know about the position and the responsibilities involved, while remembering that companies want to hire people who are enthusiastic about what they do.

Pr Prepare a great answer for why you want to wake up to this job everyday (and if you don’t, you should probably apply elsewhere). Identify a couple of key factors that make the role a great fit for you, then share why you admire the company.

This question provides you with the opportunity to show that you’ve done your research. Drop in key facts about the company: what makes them stand out from their competitors and explain why this is of particular interest to you! Demonstrating that you know not only about the organisation, but its place in the relevant industry, is great brand awareness to show off. If you have made effort to speak to specific people at the company, this is a good occasion to mention the feedback you were given.

This question might sound daunting, but it’s the perfect platform from which to sell yourself to the hiring manager. You have three fundamental areas to cover. Firstly, you should demonstrate how you cannot only do the work sufficiently, but excel in the position. Secondly, describe why you would be a perfect fit or the team/company culture. Finally, you need to show what makes you stand out: why are you a better hire than any other applicant.

Stick with the rule of three: be honest, relevant and specific. If you are found to be lying you’ll be shown the door straight away. If you aren’t rumbled, you may be given duties you cannot handle. Share relevant and true talents, not just those you think the interviewer wa wants to hear. Finally, be specific. Don’t say ‘I have good interpersonal skills’, say ‘I’m great at building a new and lasting relationship’ and give examples of how you’ve demonstrated this.

Your interview isn’t trying to find a red flag against your name; they’re just gauging your self-awareness and personal growth. Don’t pretend to be perfect, but don’t shoot yourself in the foot and say: ‘I cannot work in a team. In fact, I hate being around people’. The idea is to think of something which challenges you but also explain what steps you are taking in order to improve.

Interviews who want to know about you as a person will ask this to see whether you’ll fit in with the company culture. Your answer should be sincere, but also try to incorporate a few of your best achievements. Examples are still impor important because they demonstrate how you work; rather than just making unsubstantiated claims, you’re providing evidence to back up any claims. It’s equally important to keep making sure what you say is relevant to the job you’re applying for.

There’s no right answer here, but there are wrong ones! The interviewer will be looking for an honest version of your career aspiration to see whether they align with the company’s. You don’t have to pretend you want to work for the organisation for the rest of your life, but don’t say that in nine month you’re hoping to spend a year backpacking around Asia. Show how the position you’re applying for fits into the overall picture of your career development.

When an archerfish spots an insect on a branch as much as two feet away, it shoots a jet of water out of its mouth to knock its prey into the water.

If the archerfish were a pitcher, the drop of water at the end of the jet that hits its prey would be the baseball. But the analogy goes only so far. When a ball arrives at the strike zone, it has the same shape and mass as when it left the hand.

But the fish doesn’t spit a ball of water. Using high-speed video, two German scientists found that the fish varies the speed at which it shoots water out of its mouth so the water piles up into a drop or, as they put it, a “focused mass” of water just before it hits the prey.

The researchers, Peggy Gerullis and Stefan Schuster at the University of Bayreuth, spent about a year training archerfish so they could analyze the water jet, said Dr. Schuster. (Ms. Gerullis, a doctoral student, was the one who did the training.)

He said archerfish were smart and easy to train, usually, but “it was hard to convince them to shoot from a specific spot.” That was necessary to get consistent video, and it took enormous patience on the part of Ms. Gerullis, he said.

In no small part because of that patience, they found that the fish controlled the water jet in a way no other creature was known to do. They reported their findings in the journal Current Biology.

After the training, they took video of the fish shooting at targets set at roughly eight, 16 and 24 inches. Previously, scientists had thought that perhaps each jet was the same. But the video shows clearly that the shape of the jet changes depending on the distance of the target.

At each distance, the drop of water comes together at just the right time.

How, they wondered, does the fish accomplish this feat? After pursuing several unproductive ideas, they determined that when the fish shoots out a water jet, it doesn’t just open its mouth; it continuously varies the diameter of its open mouth so various parts of the jet travel at different speeds.

Dr. Schuster said he was unaware of any other animal that shot a water jet in this fashion. People have made use of water jets in surgical and other cutting devices, but Dr. Schuster, said he hadn’t found any that used this technique.

He also thinks that the ability of the archerfish may be connected to cognitive abilities. Scientists who study the evolution of the human brain have speculated on the importance of “the ability to produce a hard, targeted throw,” he said.

Perhaps the brain circuits involved in the archerfish hunting technique would show a lot of evolutionary change. They are very smart fish, he said. In a previous study, he reported that they could learn techniques for hitting a moving target by watching other archerfish.

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,Wjpahf Waitangi : epA+rpyhe;J ehl;bd; kpf Kf;fpakhd tuyhw;W ,lkhFk;. ,e;j ,lj;jpy; jhd; ,e;j ehl;bd; tuyhW njhlq;Ffpd;wJ vd;why; mJ kpifahfhJ. ,e;j ehL cUthdj;jpw;fhd tuyhw;Wg; gpufldk; 1840y; ngg;utup 6k; jpfjp Mq;fpNyaUf;Fk; nksup ,dj;jtUf;Fk; xg;ge;jk; ifnaOj;jplg;gl;l ,lk; “ Waitangi Treat House ”MFk;. ,q;fpyhe;J ehl;bd; uhzpf;Fk; nksup ,dj;jiytu;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; xg;ge;jk; ifnaOj;jplg;gl;l ,lk;. ,d;W ,t;tplj;jpy; tUlh tUlk; Waitangi Day epA+rpyhe;J kf;fshy; rpwg;ghff; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. ,q;Nf ,Uf;F khspif Rw;wpg;ghu;g;gJ ek;ik fle;j fhyj;jpw;F $l;br;nry;Yk; vd;gJ cz;ikahFk;. ,g;gbg;gl;l kpfr;rpwe;j ,ay;Gis nfhz;l Bay OF Island fz;bg;ghf ehk; midtUk; tpLKiwia fz;L fspf;f nrd;W tuNtz;ba ,lkhFk;. cztfk;> jq;Fk; tpLjp vd;W midj;J trjpfisia nfhz;l Bay OF Island I Mf;fpyhe;J efupy; ,Ue;J 3.5 – 4 kzpj;jpahyq;fspy; nrd;wilayhk;. xU ehs; > ,uz;L ehs; > %d;W ehs; vd;W tpLKiwia tFj;J nrd;W Rw;Wyhit mDgtpj;J thUq;fs;. Bay OF Island fz;bghf cq;fis Vkhw;whJ.

Happy Way to See New Zealand

sales@happynztours.com

nkhj;jj;jpy; mikjpahd Kiwapy; tpLKiwia fopg;gjw;F ,J Vw;w ,lk;.

or call Senthilnathan on 0064 21 800 567

MATHS CHALLENGE

WORD CHALLENGE

Use the numbers 1 through 16 to complete the equations.

Each number is only used once.

Each row is a math equation. Each column is a math equation.

Remember that multiplication and division are performed before addition and subtraction.

Send us a photo of your answer to eelachchudar@gmail.com and go in a draw to win.

/ +

+ /

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+

+ -

x

SPOT 12 DIFFERENCES

20 x

-

61

9 +

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14

+

-

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4 -

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-3

-73 116

I T E A B M U M L Make words of four letters or more, each containing the centre letter. Each letter must be used only once. There must be at least one nine-letter word.

No plurals or verb forms ending with “s”; no words with intial capitals and no words with a hypen(-) or apostrophe(‘).

The first word of a phrase is allowed (e.g. inkjet in inkjet printer).

TARGET 20 WORDS– Good 30 WORDS – Very Good 41 WORDS - RECORD

WORD CHALLENGE

HOW TO MAKE AN ORAGAMI BIRD

Start Here – Email us your list

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Spring is here!

Tomatoes

Capsicum and Eggplant

• Need a warm, sunny position but never in the same sport as the previous season.

• Large varieties are heavy feeders but small cherry tomatoes are less fussy • Calcium deficiency can be prevented by adding dolomite lime or gypsum to the soil prior to planting • Prefers a soil pH of 6.0-6.8 • If using seedlings, plant up to the first set of leaves to encourage root development. Support large plants with stakes • Pinch out top growth to encourage lateral growth • Apply liquid fertiliser and ample water • Companion plant: Basil

• Cultivation is similar to tomatoes but need good airflow.

• Calcium and magnesium deficiency can be prevented by adding dolomite lime or gypsum to the soil prior to planting • Prefers a soil pH of 5.8 – 6.8 • Apply liquid fertiliser and ample water throughout growing season.

• Shade on days of extreme heat • Pick capsicum on desired stage of ripeness • Individual eggplants should produce 8-10 fruit • Companion plant: Beans

Beans

Sweet Corn

• Replaces nitrogen In the soil after a heavy feeder crop. Add some blood and bone to the soil before planting.

• Like plenty of sun and a well drained soil.

• Prefers a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.5.

• Can be ready to start picking in 10 weeks. Sow repeatedly every 4 to 6 weeks for an extended season.

• Climbing varieties are more productive than the bush varieties but will need a trellis support.

• Companion plant: broccoli.

• Heavy feeder so plant after legumes.

• Likes plenty of sun, water and a well drained soil.

• Prefers a soil pH of 6.0 to 7.0.

• Has male flowers and female flowers that are wind pollinated.

• Grows to about 1m in height.

• Beans are traditionally grown with corn as the beans provide nitrogen and the Corn provides support.

• Companion plant: beans.

Cucumber

• Heavy feeder- likes a rich moisture retentive soil • Prefers a soil of pH of 6.0 – 7.0 • Seed can be sown directly into warm soil. Important to choose variety to suit your climate.

• Quick to grow and ready to harvest in 6-8 weeks • Can be grown up a trellis or in a pot • Pinch out the top growth to encourage lateral growth • Each plant produces 8-10 fruit • Companion plant: Corn

Pumpkin

• Often appears as a ‘volunteer’ crop when using homemade compost.

• Heavy feeder - likes a rich, well drained soil. Can become rampant.

• Prefers a soil pH of 5.5 to 7.0.

• Can be grow-n on mounded beds or on a trellis.

• Apply ample water during the growing season.

• Has a both male and female flower so pollination by bee’s or by hand is necessary.

• Harvest when top stalk dries and hardens.

• Companion plant: eggplant.

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Amzing

Tricks

Use plastic fork to keep pets and animals from destroying your garden

Grind your eggshells into a powder and Save your vegetable cooking water! The sprinkle in the garden for a calcium boost water has a lot of nutrients that your garden thrives on. Wait for the water to cool down first, and then use it to “fertilize” your garden or potted plants. This makes for a green and happy garden! You could also drink the stuff, but who wants to do that?

Epsom salt has so many uses, including aiding in a beautiful and healthy garden. It’s rich in magnesium and sulfate which are crucial to plant life. For potted plants, mix a couple of tablespoons of the salt into your watering can once or twice a month. You can also sprinkle it in your garden’s soil to help your seeds germinate better. Tomatoes and peppers benefit the most because they both tend to ha a magnesium deficiency. Add a tablespoon or so in have with the soil when first planting, and then sprinkle more into the soil once mature.

Add plastic bottles to your garden and potted plants for better watering for your roots.

Get your seedlings off to a good start with their very own little greenhouse! The bottom 3/4 part of a plastic soda bottle makes for the perfect little dome to cover your little pots with. This would be a fun project to get the kids involved with.

10 FOODS TO EAT FOR HEALTHY HAIR

Shampoo and conditioners will not always be the parents of your hair. To enhance and achieve healthy hair, the food we eat is crucially important. Listed below are 10 foods, which each benefit the human hair in a particular way.

1.Salmon: Salmon is rich in protein and vitamin D, which are both the key to strong hair. In this tasty cold water fish, omega- 3 fatty acids are founds, the human body cannot make this fatty acids, and this fatty acid is needed for hair to grow.

2.Walnuts: These are the only type of nuts that is highly efficient in omega-3 fatty acids. They are also rich in biotin and vitamin E, which is responsible for protection our cells from DNA damage. Walnuts also have copper, a mineral that helps keep your natural hair colour rich and lustrous.

3.Oysters: Oysters are rich in zinc. Lack of zinc can lead to hair loss (even in your eyelashes), as well as dry flay scalp.

4.Sweet potatoes: these are a great source of the antioxidant beta carotene which your body turns into Vitamin A. Vitamin A protects and produces the oils that sustain the scalp, and being low in vitamin A can leave you with an itchy, irksome dandruff.

Carrots, mangoes, pumpkins and apricots are also good sources of beta carotene.

5.Eggs: A great source of proteins. Eggs consist of four key minerals, zinc, selenium, sulphur and iron. Iron is important because it helps transport oxygen to the hair follicles, and too little iron is a major cause of hair loss. Chicken, fish and pork can also boost iron levels.

6.Spinach: Of course spinach is well known for its health benefits regarding hair. The iron, beta carotene, folate, and vitamin C in spinach help keep hair follicles healthy and scalp oils circulating.

7.Lentils: tiny, but very mighty. These legumes are teeming with protein, zinc and biotin.

7.Le 8.Greek yoghurt: High in protein 9.Blueberries: Blueberries are known as the top nutrient superhero, highly sufficient in vitamin c, which is critical for circulating to the scalp and supports the tiny blood vessels that feed the follicles. Vitamin c deficiency will lead to hair breakage 10.Poultry: This everyday entrée is extraordinary when it comes to protein, as well as hair-healthy zinc, iron, and b vitamins keep strand strong and plentiful. Because hair is nearly all protein, foods that are rich in protein are literally the building blocks for hair.

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Kw;fhyj;jpy; Cupy; Nfhapy; NfhGuj;ij tpl caukhf ve;jf;fl;blKk; ,Uf;ff;$lhJ vd;W xU vOjhj rl;lk; ,Ue;jJ. vd;d fhuzk;?

Auckland Cooking

One of the difficulties in living in New Zealand is that we don’t get all of our traditional ingredients we get in our homeland. But ladies who have been living here for a long time have many tricks and substitute ingredients they use achieve the authentic flavour.

So every month we will be visiting someone’s kitchen so we can share these tricks with our readers. This month Mrs. Vithya showed us how to make ‘Eral Uralai Kilangu Puli Curry’ – What a massive name, Simple to make and very tasty. The only difficult part is you need two pans to do this dish, or else you need the clean and reuse rather often.

Prawn and Potatoe Puli Curry Masala Paste ½ tsp ½ tsp ½ tsp 6-8 Half ¼ inch 2-3 2 TBSP

Mustard Seeds Pepper Venthayam Curry Leaves Onion Ginger Green Chilli Oil

2 TBSP ½ tsp ½ tsp ½ tsp 6-8 Half 7 Cloves 2-3 1 TBSP 1 tsp 1 tsp 1 tsp 500g 2-3

Oil or Ghee Mustard Seeds Cumin Seeds Venthayam Curry Leaves Onion Garlic Tomato Tamarind Coriander Power Turmeric Powder Red Chilli Powder Prawns Medium Potatoes Salt to taste

To make the Curry

Method: •

For this dish you need one pot and one frying pan, or a wok.

• • •

Clean the Prawns and remove the shells Boil the potatoes in a saucepan and keep aside Boil the Tomato and Tamarind with about 1 ½ cup of water, and squeeze the juice out into a bowl. Remove the scraps

• • • • • • •

In a large frying pan, or a wok, Heat 2-3 Tablespoon of oil.

When oil is hot add the seeds and wait for it to pop.

Add curry leaves (rip then in half for more flavour) and fry for 2 min.

Add the sliced onions and the sliced green chilli, fry for 3-4 minutes. Stir in between.

Add the ginger, stir for another 2 minutes until onions are golden brown or soft.

Grind the Masala into a paste and keep aside Wash out the pan, and add Oil, Mustard, Cumin Seeds, Venthayam and Curry Leaves

• •

Add Onion and Garlic Once onions are soft add the tomato and tamarind liquid you prepared earlier along with the Masala paste

•

Add ½ teaspoon of turmeric powder, ½ teaspoon of red chilli powder and ½ teaspoon of Coriander Powder (depending on how spicy you like your dishes – you can also substitute the three powders with Kings Curry Powder).

Stir and cook until the raw smell of the powders is gone.

Add more water if you need to, cover and cook the gravy for 2 minutes. Turn off heat.

In Separate Pan heat oil, add ½ tsp of Chilli, Coriander and turmeric power. Fry both the potato and prawns in this pan and add salt. Fry for about 3-4 Minutes Pour the Gravy into this pan and cook for 3-6 Minutes.

• • • •

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“

People say, ‘What advice do you have for people who want to be writers?’ I say, they don’t really need advice, they know they want to be writers, and they’re gonna do it. Those people who know that they really want to do this and are cut out for it, they know it.

—R.L. Stine

“

ntk;Gyp ngw;w mk;Gyp – ftpQu; thyp fd;dpahFkupapypUe;J ifjl;bf; $g;gpl;lhy;> Vndd;W Nfl;Fk; J}uj;jpy;jhd; <ok; ,Uf;fpwJ; njhg;Go;nfhb vd;W ehk; nfhz;lhLk;gb,q;fpUf;Fk; Nrhoj;jkpod;jhd; mq;fpUf;Fk; <oj;jkpod;; mq;fpUf;Fk; <oj;jkpod;jhd; ,q;fpUf;Fk; Nrhoj;jkpod;!

Nrhoj;jkpod; Nrhh;T jtpu;f;f-Xu; “mz;zh” tha;j;jJ Nghy;<oj;jkpod; <dk; jtpu;f;f-xU “jk;gp” tha;j;jhd;!

Kg;gnjOj;jpy; mlq;fpapUf;fpwJjkpoupd; capUk; nka;Ak; Mdhy;MnwOj;jpy mlq;fpapUf;fpwJjkpoupd; capUk; nka;Ak;! gpughfud;! mt; MnwOj;J my;yhy; NtnwOj;J csNjh cyfj;jkpoupd; cs; ehf;fpYk; csj;jpYk; cl;fhu? ePnuOj;J vd;whd <oj;jkpoupd; tho;itepiynaOj;J vd;W Mf;fty;yJmt; MnwOj;J md;wp MnuOj;J? gpughfudpd; gpjhNtYg;gps;is; me;j NtYg;gps;is ngw;w gps;isia.. fjpu;fhkj;Jf; fe;jidg; Nghy;Nty; ngw;w gps;is vdyhk;; ghu;tjpapd;#y;ngw;w gps;is vdyhk;; <oj;jkpou;-tpop <unky;yhk;tw;whj Gdyhk;; mtdij tw;witf;f te;j mdyhk;!

khjurp kjptjdpiaj;jpUkzk; Kbj;jhd; jpUg;Nghupy;; Mdhy; mtd;mfj;ij gbf;fhky; Gwj;ij gbj;jhd;..

jhoe;Jk; jtpj;Jk; - jd; ,dj;Njhnuy;yhk; ,Ug;Ngh&upy;!

Jfthu;e;j je;ij nry;th nrd;w.. fhe;jp topapy; fhupak; Mfhnjd;WNejh[p topia Neu;e;jhd;; J}u;j;jiuj; J}u;f;fj;Jilg;gk; cjthnjd;W Jg;ghf;fpiaj; Nju;e;jhd;! epyg;gil; ePu;g;gil; ePs; tpRk;gil; vd;wtd; Kg;gil fz;lhd;; vk; epyj;ijvk;kplk; xg;gil vd;whd;!

NruNrhoghz;bau;f;Fg; gpw;ghLgil jpul;ba gr;irj;jkpod; ,tdhthd;; Kf;fz;zhff; nfhz;l rptdhdhd;!

Myaq;fspy; ehk; Muhjpf;Fk;Mz;ltdhnuy;yhk; md;Gkio; mtu;fs; fuq;fspNyNa MAjq;fs; ,Uf;ifapy;mwj;ijf;fhf;f kdpjDk; MAjk; Ve;jpdhy; vd;d gpio? jPu;j;jk; tpioahJjPdp tpioahJjPu;e;J Nghdhd; jpyPgd; vDk; jPu;j;jd; fz;zpog;gpDk; kz;zpof;fkhl;Nld; vd;WFl;bkzp vd;ghd; nfhl;lbapy; Mu;j;jd;! vq;Nf ,Uf;FNkh tPuk;; mq;Nf ,Uf;Fk; Nrhuk;; cldpUe;Nj csT nrhd;dJxU eh; mJ fU eh; me;jf; fU eh ngau; fUzh!

gpughfud; vDk; nrhy;xspg;gpok;ngdg; gpufhrpf;Fk;#upaidf; Fwpf;Fk;; #upaNdh #Ok; ,Uisj; jpd;W nrupf;Fk;! mJ mj;jkpf;Fk; Xuplj;jpy;; mNjNeuk; mtpu;e;jpUf;Fk; Ntwplj;jpy;; ,Ug;gJkha;; ,y;yhjJkha;; ,Ug;gJjhd; mJ; mizah neUg;gJjhd; mJ; fz;Nld; Nrdy; ehd;if; mJ fhl;baJ rpq;fsu; jPq;if; vupe;jJ vd; <uf;Fiy; vd; nrhy;y me;j Nfhuf; nfhiy?! gpughfudpd; gps;;isNa! tu ,Uf;Fk; tpy;yq;fk; GupahJvijNah thapy; Ritf;Fk; nts;isNa! Mwpuz;L tajhd mk;GypNa! fhilau; fz;Zf;Fmk;GypAk; Mdnjd;d ntk;GypNa! Gypapd; Gjy;td; Gypahdhd; vd;why; nghUj;jk;; Gy;yupd; Gy;yl;Lf;Fg; gypahdhd; vd;gJjhd; tUj;jk;! tz;L Jisj;jhNy typ jhq;fhg; g+Nt! mQ;RFz;L Jisj;Jd;idf; nfhz;lnjd;d rhNt? rydk; VJkpd;wp rhit vjpu;nfhz;lhahNk? mllh! mJjhd; tpe;ij! fTutg;gLj;jpdha; fz;zh! ePAd;je;ij tpe;ij!

Kb$l Kisf;fhjto to khu;Gk;; rpd;dQ;rpW tapW kbg;Gk; fz;lhy;.. vtdhtJ VTthdh Njhl;lh?

Vtpdhd; vd;why;Gj;jNd Gyhy; jpd;df; $l;lh? vd; nrhy;yp vd;d? jd; jiyaha; ,yq;if Vw;wpUf;fpwJxU tpyq;if!

xU tupf;ftpijapd; nrhe;jf;fhup

md;id njNurh

md;;idapd; Nritia ,f;FWfpa gf;fj;Js; vOJtJ vd;gJ rhj;jpakw;wnthd;W. ,J mtiu epidTgLj;Jtjw;fhd gjpthFk;. Mfd]; NfhQ;nr nghah[pa+ vd;w ,aw;ngaUld; Mf];l; 26> 1910 xl;Nlhkhd; Nguurpd; m];fg; (jw;NghJ khf;fNlhdpaf; Fbaurpd; ];Nfhg;N[) ,y; gpwe;jhh;. Mf;d];f;F 8 tajhapUf;Fk; NghJ mtuJ je;ij fhykhdhh;. mtupd; kuzj;jpd; gpd; jhapd; mutizg;gpy; tsu;e;jhh;.

Mf;d]; kiwg; gzpahsu;fshYk;> mtu;fsJ NritfshYk; <u;f;fg;gl;L 12 taJf;Fs; Jwtwk; GFtijg;gw;wp rpe;jpf;fyhdhh;. mg;NghJ ,uhZtj;jpy; gzpahw;wpte;j jdJ mz;zd; yhf]pw;F fbjk; vOjpdhh;. “fd;dpah];jpupahfg; Nghtjw;F cWjpahf ,Uf;fpwhah?” vd;whh; yhf];. jdJ r%f Nrit kPJs;s gw;why; ,t;thW gjpy; $wpdhh; “ eP ,uz;L kpy;ypad; tPuh;fis epu;tfpf;Fk; kd;dDf;F Nrit nra;J nfhz;bUf;fpwha;. ehd; cyifNa epu;tfpf;Fk; flTSf;F Nrit nra;a NghfpNwd;”. jdJ 18 k; tajpy; jdJ tPl;il tpl;L ntspNawp nyhNul;Nlh rNfhjupfspd; rigapy; kiwg;gzpahsuhfj; jd;id ,izj;Jf;nfhz;lhh;. 1929 ,y; ,e;jpahtpy; Nkw;F tq;fhsj;jpy; cs;s jpUr;rigia te;jile;jhh;. jpUr;rig xU fl;lisia gpwg;gpj;jJ. Gjpjhf Nru;gth; ngah; khw;wk; nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;W. mjd;gb> gpuhd;]; ehl;ilr;Nru;e;j rNfhjup njNurh khu;bd; ViofSf;F gzptpil nra;tjw;fhf jd; tho;f;ifiaNa mu;g;gzpf;f epidj;jth;. mjw;F mtuJ cly;epiy ,lk; nfhLf;ftpy;iy. fhrNeha; fhuzkhf jdJ 24 k; tajpy; ,aw;if va;jpdhh;. mth;fsJ epidthf jdJ ngaiu “njNurh” vd khw;wpf;nfhz;lhh;. fy;fj;jhtpy; epytpa Vo;ik ,tupd; kdij kpfTk; ghjpj;jJ. mq;F gs;spnahd;wpy; Mrpupauhf gzpGupe;jhh;. gps;isfSf;F fy;tp mspg;gNjhL kl;Lk; epd;W tplhky; gps;isfisf; Fspg;ghl;LtJ> rhf;fil Rj;jk; nra;tJ vd gy Nritfis Gupe;jhh;. gs;spf;$lk;> Fbir kf;fSf;F Nrit vd;W khwpkhwpg; Ngha;nfhz;bUe;j ,tupd; tho;f;if FWfpa fhyj;jpy; gs;sp Kjy;tuhf khwpdhh;. 17 Mz;Lfs; me;jg;gs;spapy; gzpahw;wpa ,th;> ,jpy; Vuhskhd ey;y mDgtq;fisg;ngw;whh;. jd;id nrtpypah;; gzpapy; Nkk;gLj;jpf;nfhs;s tpUk;gpa njNurh mjw;fhf kUj;Jtg;gapw;rpfis vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhh;. njNurh jdJ rp\;iafs; gj;Jg;Ngiuf;nfhz;L Kjy; Nritf;FOit cUthf;fpdhh;. Nritf;fhd Muk;gk; gs;spf;$lk; Muk;gpg;gJ vd;w ,yf;Fld; fy;fj;jhtpy; cs;s Nkhj;jp[py; vd;w Fbirg;gFjpapy; ntWk; 5 Foe;ijfSld; fUk;gyif$l ,y;yhky; jz;zPh;j;njhl;bd; epoypy; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;l gs;spf;$lk; FWfpa ehl;fspy; 46 Foe;ijfis vl;baJ. Nehahy; jdJ tPl;bd; thrw;gbapy; kaq;fpf;fple;j xU ngz;iz kUj;Jtkidf;F mioj;Jr; nrd;Wk; gz trjp ,y;yhj fhy jhkjj;jhy; me;jg;ngz; ,wf;f Neupl;lhs;. ,e;j Nfhurk;gtj;ij mDgtpj;j ,th; rpwpastpy; kUj;Jtkid Muk;gpg;gJ vd KbTnra;jhh;. ,jd; Kjw;fl;lkhf midj;J kUj;JtkidfSf;Fk; nrd;W “cgup kUe;Jfis nfhLj;J cjTq;fs; vy;yhk; Vio kf;fSf;Fj;jhd;” vd;W cjtp Nfl;lhh;. rpwpjhf kUj;Jtkid Muk;gpj;jhh;. gpd;dh; njhONehahspfSf;fhd elkhLk; kUj;Jtkidiaj; njhlq;fpdhh;. gpwF njhONeha; kUj;Jtkid xd;iwAk; Muk;gpj;jhh;. NkYk; njhONehahspfspd; jpdk; vd;w xd;iw mwptpj;J me;ehspy; njhONeha; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzh;itNaw;gLj;Jk; gpur;rhuf;$l;lq;fis elj;jpdhh;.

Foe;ijfs; fhg;gfk;> KjpNahh; ,y;yk;> kdey fhg;gfk; vd gy Nrit ikaq;fis cUthf;fp Nritg;gazj;ij njhlh;e;jhh;. njU njUthfg;Ngha; ahfrk; Nfl;L jdJ Nrit ikaq;fSf;F epjp jpul;LtJ tof;fk;. xU ehs; xU filf;F Kd; nrd;W epd;W ahfrk; Nfl;Lf;nfhz;bUe;jhh;. me;jf;filf;fhuh; ntw;wpiy ghf;F Nghl;Lf;nfhz;L ghh;j;Jk; ghh;f;fhjJ Nghy; ,Ue;jhh;. filf;fhuuplk; ,Ue;J vijahtJ thq;fptpl Ntz;Lk; vd;W cWjpahf ,Ue;jhh;. filf;fhuh; njNurhit Nfhgkhf ghh;j;Jtpl;L njNurh ePl;ba ifapy; vr;rpiyj; Jg;gpdhh;. mg;NghJ rw;Wk; kdk; jsuhky; “ kpf;f ed;wp> ePq;fs; nfhLj;jJ vdf;F> vd; tpLjpapy; ,Uf;Fk; mdhij Foe;ijfSf;F VjhtJ nfhLq;fs;” vd;W Nfl;lhh;. me;jf;filf;fhuh; “,g;gb xU rfpg;Gj;jd;ik cila ngz;iz ,g;nghOJ jhd; Kjd; Kiwahf ghu;f;fpNwd;” vd;W $wptpl;L fy;yhg;ngl;bapy; ,Ue;j nkhj;j gzj;ijAk; vLj;J njNurh ePl;ba ,U iffspYk; itj;Jtpl;lhh;. ,Wjp ntw;;wp njNurhTf;Fj;jhd;. ,g;gb ,tupd; xt;nthU ntw;wpapd; gpd;dzpapYk; gy;NtW mtkhdq;fs; ,Ue;jd. xUKiw Nghg;gz;lth; ,e;jpah Rw;Wg;gazj;ij Nkw;nfhz;lNghJ> jdJ Rw;Wg;gazj;jpw;fhf gad;gLj;jpa tpiyAau;e;j fhiu md;id njNurhTf;F md;gspg;ghf nfhLj;jhh;. nrhFR fhupy; gazk; nra;tjw;F rpwpJk; tpUk;gtpy;iy MdhYk; kWf;fTk; tpUk;gtpy;iy. vdNt Gd;difNahL Vw;Wf;nfhz;lhh;. mLj;j fzNk me;jf;fhiu Vyk; tpLkhW Nfhupf;if tpLj;jhh;. me;jg;gzj;ij mwf;fl;lis epjpapy; Nru;j;Jf;nfhz;lhh;. ,J Nghd;W jhk; ngWk; midj;J gupRfisAk; Vykpl;L me;jg;gzj;ij mwf;fl;lis epjpapy; Nru;j;jhh;. jdJ tho;it KOikahf ViofSf;fhfTk;> Viof;Foe;ijfspd; fy;tpf;fhfTk;> Fbirthrpfspd; kUj;Jtk; kw;Wk; Rfhjhuj;Jf;fhfTk; nrytopj;jhh;. ,jdhy; midtUk; ,tiu “Fbir rNfhjup” vd;W miof;f Muk;gpj;jdh;. ,th; 1979 ,y; mikjpf;fhd Nehgy; guprpidAk;> 1980 ,y; ,e;jpahtpd; rpwe;j Fbkf;fs; tpUjhd ghuj uj;dh tpUjpidAk; ngw;whh;. nrg;lk;gh; 5> 1997 k; Mz;L Vio kf;fspd; Nrtfp kuzj;ij jOtpf;nfhz;lhh;.

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