Welcome to Flash on English Flash on English è il tuo nuovo corso di lingua inglese per il biennio della Scuola Secondaria di II grado. In queste due pagine troverai alcune informazioni per imparare ad usare il tuo libro di testo.
Ogni livello di Flash on English contiene 16 unità per volume, organizzate in questo modo:
Doppio input linguistico Ogni unità si apre con una prima presentazione che sfrutta testi di varia tipologia (articoli, emails, reports). La seconda presentazione contiene il dialogo con la photostory, che segue la vita quotidiana di un gruppo di adolescenti londinesi alle prese con i problemi quotidiani e le aspirazioni future.
Esempi di strutture grammaticali e funzioni sono presenti nei box Grammar e Functions, il cui contenuto conciso e chiaro permette di svolgere le attività in piena autonomia. Il box Flashpoint evidenzia costruzioni linguistiche particolari ma di uso comune.
La pagina di Listen’n’speak sviluppa e consolida le tecniche di ascolto finalizzate alla produzione orale. La sezione di Spoken English avvicina gli studenti alla lingua reale parlata dagli inglesi. Flash on Grammar, una pagina dedicata alla presentazione delle strutture grammaticali che anticipa la sezione Focus on Grammar del Workbook.
Puoi scaricare gratuitamente dal sito www.elionline.com i seguenti materiali: More on Culture | More on CLIL | More on Literature | More on Films Tutti gli audio in formato MP3 | FLASH on English Magazines | FLIP BOOK modalità online
P T indicano le attività utili per la preparazione degli esami PET e Trinity
WB p. 8
rimanda agli esercizi del Workbook
La sezione Flash on Skills guida gli studenti allo sviluppo delle abilità linguistiche. Presente alla fine di ogni unità, si alterna in tre tipologie di testi differenti. Flash on Skills – CULTURE Testi di civiltà di stampo più tradizionale che richiamano l’attenzione a temi di natura socio-culturale. Flash on Skills – CLIL Un approccio mirato all’interdisciplinarietà con una selezione di argomenti attuali e vicini alla quotidianità degli studenti. Flash on Skills – LITERATURE Un ultimo approccio dedicato alla familiarizzazione con testi di natura letteraria, sia in prosa che in versi. Efficaci strategie di apprendimento sono presenti in ogni unità.
From Book to Film Una sezione dedicata all’analisi di film contemporanei a partire dal testo letterario da cui sono stati tratti. Propone un lavoro graduale e completo di ricezione e di produzione linguistica. Le clip analizzate si possono vedere sul DVD per la classe.
Lo Student’s FLIP BOOK, che non prevede installazione, è un vero libro da sfogliare al computer. Contiene la versione digitale dello Student’s Book, tutto il materiale audio, le clips dei film della sezione From Book to Film e i link alla sezione Focus on Grammar del Workbook. Per migliorare la visibilità e focalizzare l’attenzione su un singolo elemento, si possono ingrandire i singoli esercizi, ascoltare i brani registrati e svolgere attività interattive.
Contents Unit
1
My Generation
Grammar
Vocabulary
Functions
Present simple/Present continuous Past simple/Past continuous
Phrases with go Absolute adjectives
Criticising and defending Expressing agreement
The future: will, Present simple future, Present continuous, be going to
Mobile phones IT: old words, new meanings
Making spontaneous decisions, promises and predictions Making arrangements
have to should must Past of should
Tasks and duties Phrases with have and take
Expressing obligation and lack of obligation Complaining and making excuses
may, might, could, must Modal verbs in the past
Relationships get
Expressing possibility and guessing
Zero conditional with if/when First conditional unless/as soon as
Money Compound nouns
Talking about the future
Present perfect: for and since Present perfect vs Past simple
The stages of love Feelings Descriptive adjectives
Talking about time – the past and the present Describing people
Present perfect continuous Purpose and reason
Sports equipment Sporting locations Football phrases
Talking about sport Expressing purpose
Second conditional too/enough
Global problems Word building
Talking about global problems Expressing ideas
p. 8
2
I’ll Text You Tonight! p. 16
Flashback 1-2
3
p. 24
Freedom p. 26
4
Relationships p. 34
Flashback 3-4
5
p. 42
Passions p. 44
6
Love Actually p. 52
Flashback 5-6
7
p. 60
Fair Play p. 62
8
A Better World p. 70
Flashback 7-8
p. 78
Pronunciation/ Spoken English
Skills
Study Skills
So … I/Neither … I
Culture – Australia
Using a dictionary
Restating what has been said
/´U/ /aU/ /Å/ Making a phone call
Modal verbs Fixed expressions
/ø/ or /œ/ Phrasal verbs (up)
Stress in conditional sentences Interrupting people
Homographs Vague language
/T/ vs /f/ so
Second conditional – stress and intonation Giving examples
Reading An autobiographical text Listening A radio interview with a historian Speaking Retelling a story in the third person Writing Summarising an autobiographical text in the third person CLIL – Telecommunications Reading An article about the development of mobile phones Listening A talk about the history of communication Speaking A short talk about mobile phone use Writing A composition using connectors
Literature – Brian Patten: a Liverpool poet
Combining sentences Checking and correcting errors
Recording fixed expressions
Reading A prose summary of a poem Listening A poem Speaking A discussion about a difficult exam Writing A text about personal experience of a difficult exam Culture – Teen Magazines
Building vocabulary: mind maps
Reading An article about teen magazines Listening Teenagers talking about their problems Speaking Ask and answer about personal reading habits Writing A letter giving advice
CLIL – Addiction
Word building
Reading An article about addiction Listening Teenagers talking about bad habits Speaking A discussion about addiction Writing A diary entry Literature – Pride and Prejudice
Learning new words
Reading An extract from the book Listening A dialogue from the book Speaking A discussion about marriage Writing A description of characters from a book or film
Culture – The Olympic Games
Extensive reading
Reading An article about the Olympic Games Listening A talk about an international sports charity Speaking A fundraising speech Writing A website article about a sporting event CLIL – What was the Great Depression? Reading A text about the Great Depression Listening Americans talking about the Great Depression Speaking An explanation of the Great Depression Writing An election manifesto
Tips for speaking
Contents Unit
9
Popular Legends
Grammar
Vocabulary
Functions
used to for past actions and states would vs used to
Childhood Negative feelings
Talking about states in the past Describing fears
The passive (1) Question tags
Electronic media Computers
Describing simple processes Expressing surprise and disbelief
Relative pronouns Relative clauses
Art and styles Parts of a picture
Describing a picture
Past perfect Reflexive and reciprocal pronouns
Music Musical instruments
Talking about past events
Reported speech Verb + infinitive/Verb + -ing
Hobbies and leisure TV programmes
Reporting what people say
Reported questions Causatives
Personality adjectives Jobs
Describing personal qualities Suggesting someone does something
The passive (2) Comparative adverbs
The environment Saving the environment
Describing simple processes Giving advice
Third conditional wish
Phrasal verbs Expressions with time
Expressing regrets and wishes
p. 80
10
The Media p. 88
Flashback 9-10
11
p. 96
Images p. 98
12
The Food of Love p. 106
Flashback 11-12
13
p. 114
Too Much TV p. 116
14
We’ve Got Rights! p. 124
Flashback 13-14
15
p. 132
Our Future p. 134
16
Role Models p. 142
Flashback 15-16
p. 150
From Book to Film
p. 152
The English Patient (p. 152), Pride and Prejudice (p. 154), Twilight (p. 156), The Lord of the Rings: the Fellowship of the Ring (p. 158)
Pronunciation/ Spoken English
Skills
Study Skills
used to vs use
Literature – Dracula by Bram Stoker
Tips for listening
Hyperbole
Question tags
Reading A plot summary Listening An extract from the book Speaking A first-person account by one of the characters in the book Writing A first-person account by one of the characters in the book Culture – Smart Surfing – How can I be safer on the Net?
Using study cards
Reading An article about internet safety Listening A description of a well-known website Speaking A discussion about internet safety Writing A description of a favourite website or device
w sound which
had/hadn’t Active listening
Voiced and unvoiced consonants Reported speech
Compound words Impersonal you/one
Connected speech Repetition
Third conditional - connecting Saying goodbye
CLIL – The Italian Renaissance: Vasari’s Lives
Combining sentences
Reading An article about Giorgio Vasari Listening An extract from Vasari’s Life of Michelangelo Speaking A discussion about a favourite artist Writing A paragraph about Michelangelo, using linkers Literature – High Fidelity
Connecting ideas
Reading A summary of the book Listening A radio programme about the author Speaking A description and explanation of a mix tape Writing A compilation of songs; a message using connectors
Culture – TV around the world
Tips for reading (1)
Reading A text on global TV Listening An interview about global TV Speaking A discussion and report about alternatives to watching TV Writing A paragraph about alternatives to watching TV CLIL – Genes and genius
Tips for reading (2)
Reading A text about genius Listening A talk about genes Speaking A discussion about intelligence Writing A biographical text about a genius
Literature – Concrete poems
How to write a concrete poem
Reading A text about concrete poems Listening Three concrete poems Speaking A personal opinion of a concrete poem Writing A concrete poem Culture – If Antony hadn’t fallen in love… Reading A text about the birth of globalisation Listening The story of Antony and Cleopatra Speaking A discussion about how Romans changed the world Writing A text about globalisation today
PET Listening PET Reading PET Speaking
1
My Generation Teens answer back…! 1
Tick the things you do.
work hard at school
go to parties all the time
play in a band
help old people
go for coffee
study for exams
do sports
spend time with friends
2
1 ... is getting ready for an exam? _____________ 2 ... is learning to play an instrument? _____________
1.02 Listen and read the text. Find out who...
‘Watch out! I am a teenager – I am bad and dangerous. J But, actually, teenagers do not flirt and fight all the time. You never say positive things about my generation. It’s not fair! In exams, we work very hard. And there are a lot of them! We’re not lazy. We work hard at school. We don’t go to parties all the time’. Charlie, 17 Charlie, from Bristol, is a teenage blogger; he speaks for a generation of angry teenagers: they are angry because we are always criticising them. A recent report says teenagers don’t learn at school, they eat the wrong things, and they spend a lot of money on fashion and gadgets. What is the truth? Actually, these stereotypes are wrong: teenage crime is actually going down! Here are more comments from teenage bloggers. ‘Some young people do bad things because they’ve got nothing to do. I was an angry young man. Now I am at Oxford University. I’m studying medicine’. Sam, 18
3
Who says the following things? Adults (A) or teenagers (T)?
8
1 We do better than kids in the past. 2 We work very hard. 3 We are always criticising them. 4 They eat the wrong things. 5 You’re wrong about us. 6 You are all punks.
___ T ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
3 ... is studying to be a doctor? 4 ... plays in the school band?
_____________ _____________
Hoodies
‘You’re wrong about us. A lot of teenagers help old people. It’s fantastic, but we never talk about it. I have a lot of hobbies; I play tennis, I go swimming and I am having guitar lessons. I don’t waste my time on the street but I often go shopping or go for coffee with friends.’ Sadhia, 17 ‘Sometimes, I go for a walk with friends or we go for a game of netball – but most of the time, I play the saxophone in the band at school. Do you really believe we are all punks and hoodies?’ Helena, 16 ‘I am studying for my exams. I want to be a lawyer. I read a lot every night but I also go to yoga classes – and I play the piano! So, I rarely watch TV. I just don’t have time!’ Jennifer, 17
4
Use the prompts to make questions.
1 teenagers / go / parties / all the time? Do teenagers go to parties all the time? 2 teenagers / bad and dangerous? 3 teenagers / flirt a lot? 4 teenagers / eat the wrong things? 5 teenagers / work hard? 6 adults / criticise teenagers a lot?
FLASH FORWARD Write a sentence about yourself, ‘good things’ and ‘bad things’. Use some examples from the text to help you.
Watch out!: Stai attento! It’s not fair!: Non è giusto! waste my time: perdere tempo
1
Vocabulary: Phrases with go 5
1.03 Insert go or go for in the expressions. Then listen and check.
1 ___ go jogging
2 _______ dancing
3 _______ sightseeing
4 _______ a coffee
5 _______ shopping
6 _______ riding (on a horse)
7 _______ a meal
8 _______ a drive
9 _______ swimming
10 _______ a drink
6 Complete these sentences with one of the phrases in ex. 5.
1 There’s a great new café in town; let’s _____________ . 2 There’s a great new disco in town; let’s _____________ . 3 The sea looks great today; let’s _____________ . 4 Why don’t you _____________ in the park? It’s a great way to keep fit. 5 I love horses. I _____________ on holiday. 6 This is my first visit to London. Let’s _____________ .
GRAMMAR
Present simple/Present continuous You never say positive things about my generation. Now I am studying medicine. Find more examples of the Present simple and Present continuous in the text on page 8. Underline them.
7
Underline the correct answer.
________ 1 I can’t come out now. I do/I’m doing my homework. 2 I usually go/I’m usually going on holiday with my friends. 3 Do you believe/Are you believing in magic? 4 I’m not flirting/I don’t flirt with you. I just want to be your friend. 5 Are clothes becoming/Do clothes become more expensive now? 6 They never eat/are never eating meat.
FUNCTIONS
Criticising and defending Criticising They are always criticising us. You are always going to parties! Defending It is not true (that)... It’s not fair to say (that)...
Say it! 8
Work in pairs. Use the prompts below and your own ideas to make dialogues. always going to parties having fun selfish never think of others lazy waste their time just watch TV always fighting always shopping work hard at school have a lot of homework help old people have a lot of hobbies do sports don’t spend a lot go for coffee with friends
A Adults are always criticising us. They think we’re always going to parties. B And that’s not true. We work very hard at school. And we have a lot of homework!
rite it! W 9 Write a blog message like the ones on page 8, defending teenagers in your country. Use the ideas from ex. 8 to help you.
9
1
Are you chatting me up? 1
1.04 Listen and read. Who is flirting?
Antonio Anna Antonio Anna Antonio Anna Antonio
Anna Antonio Anna
Antonio Anna
Antonio
Anna
Antonio
Anna Antonio
Anna Antonio Anna Antonio
Anna Antonio
10
Hi, hope I’m not interrupting… Oh, no, I was just doing a bit of homework. And listening to music? Yeah, I always listen to music when I work. So do I. What are you listening to? The Spiders. I think they’re great. Really? So do I! Terrific! I saw them in concert last year. Hey, so did I. Where did you see them? In Sheffield. They were touring. I was there, too. They were absolutely brilliant. What are you looking at? Your hair. It’s lovely. Thanks, I washed it this morning. What are you doing now, anyway? Nothing, I was working on my film project but I needed a break. Hey, do you fancy going for a walk? No, thanks. I went out this morning. I don’t fancy it now. No, neither do I. Hmm… what colour are your eyes? Let me see. Antonio, I’m trying to work. Blue. You know, I was reading this article yesterday on the web about eyes. Really? How interesting. Your eyes are beautiful... Hey, Antonio! Are you chatting me up? Chatting you up? No, I’m looking for someone just like you for my film. Me? Are you pulling my leg? Yeah, your hair, your eyes, they’re perfect!
2
Read the statements and write T (true) or F (false). Then correct the false statements.
1 Antonio’s busy right now. ___ 2 Anna is listening to music. ___ 3 Anna saw The Spiders in concert last year. ___ 4 Anna is making a film. ___ 5 Anna wants to go for a walk. ___ 6 Antonio fancies Anna. ___
3
Make questions from the sentences in exercise 2. Ask and answer with your partner. Is Antonio busy right now?
FLASH FORWARD Underline the ‘flirty’ things Antonio says. Then use your own ideas to make a list of things you can say to somebody you like. ‘You’ve got lovely hair.’ ‘Are you free tonight?’
fancy: avere voglia Are you pulling my leg?: Mi prendi in giro?
Vocabulary: Absolute adjectives
GRAMMAR
Past simple/Past continuous
6
1.05 Complete each column of the table. Then listen and check.
I washed it this morning. They were touring.
marvellous atrocious fantastic terrible dreadful wonderful terrified fascinating disgusting terrific awful brilliant
Find more examples of the Past simple and Past continuous in the dialogue on page 10. Underline them.
4
Complete the following sentences using the correct form of the Past simple or the Past continuous of the verbs below. do
see
talk
go
make
ride
watch
FUNCTIONS
Expressing agreement ‘I like rock music’. ‘So do I’. ‘I don’t like opera’. ‘Neither do I’. ‘I saw the concert’. ‘So did I’. ‘I didn’t go to the concert’. ‘Neither did I’.
5
Respond to these statements with So do/did I or Neither do/did I.
1 I work hard at school. 2 I went for a walk with my friends. 3 I don’t go to the opera. 4 I didn’t send a text message in the maths class. 5 I didn’t go shopping with my parents on Saturday. 6 I listen to my MP3 player every day.
Positive J
Negative L
terrific, ____________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________
dreadful, ___________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________
buy
was talking on his mobile when he 1 The driver ___________ crashed into a tree. 2 Paula ___________ to the party because she was ill. 3 She ___________ a camel when she was in Egypt last summer. 4 I ___________ TV when the doorbell rang. 5 ___________ you ___________ Teen magazine last week? 6 ___________ you ___________ your homework when I called you? 7 The pupils ___________ a lot of noise when the teacher came into the room, but then they were silent. 8 No, they ___________ the thief going into the house because it was dark.
1
So do I. ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
FLASHPOINT We can use words like absolutely before these adjectives. They were absolutely brilliant.
7
Make this dialogue more interesting substituting the words in blue with stronger adjectives.
A So, what did you think of Pirates of the Caribbean 4? B It was good. I really enjoyed it. A So did I. The story was nice. I like action films. B So do I. But some of the characters were not good; I didn’t like the monsters. A Neither did I. And the music was not nice. B I agree. It was not good.
ay it! S 8 Now, in pairs, make a similar dialogue talking about a film you saw recently.
Write it! 9
Write short messages to a friend about a film. Use the adjectives in ex. 6 to help you. Last night I saw... It was...
___________ ___________
11
1
Listen’n’speak Coming of age
Pronunciation: So ... I/Neither ... I
1 In many countries, ‘coming of age’ celebrations are important. Try to match the photos to the countries. A
1 3
Mexico Japan
2 4
Ethiopia the USA
B
Notice we stress the last word in these phrases and the voice goes down on the last word. So do I.
5
Neither do I.
1.07 Listen and repeat. 1 A I love going to parties. B So do I. 2 A I don’t like dancing. B Neither do I. 3 A I had a good time. B So did I. 4 A I didn’t have a good time. B Neither did I.
6 D C
1.07 Listen again and underline the stressed words in exercise 5.
Spoken English Restating what has been said We often repeat the things the speaker says, using different words. This makes us better listeners. A Our godfather gives us gifts… B So you get presents… A That’s right.
1.06 P Listen to a radio programme 2 about coming of age and write T (true) or F (false).
1 In Latin America girls celebrate their 18th birthday. ___ 2 At the ceremony girls wear a pink or white dress. ___ 3 The party is in a church. ___ 4 At the party the girl carries a handbag. ___ 5 Myriam’s dad gave her a pair of high heels. ___ 6 Myriam’s mum and dad talked about her future. ___
3 Are there similar traditions in Italy? If so, when do teenagers come of age in Italy and what happens?
4
Which of these things do you do on your birthday? have a party dance eat drink tell funny stories listen to music make a cake laugh
I dance with my friends on my birthday.
12
A You know she is becoming an adult… B Right. She’s growing up. A Yeah…
7 Complete the missing parts with these words or phrases. fantastic jokes had a good time your boyfriend exhausted nice new shoes
1 A I danced with my godfather and then my date. B Great, so you danced with _____________ . 2 A I was so happy but very tired… B I see. You felt _____________ . 3 A It was a big party. It was fantastic. B So you all _____________ . 4 A Her dad gave Myriam a pair of high heels. B Lucky Myriam – she got some ____________ . 5 A My brother tells really funny stories. B Yeah, he’s good at telling _____________ . 6 A It was a really brilliant party. B Yeah, absolutely _____________ .
Flash on Grammar Present simple/Present continuous Present simple
Present continuous
I often go dancing.
I’m going dancing now.
Where do you work? I work in a clothes shop. (this is permanent)
Where are you working now? I’m working in a coffee shop. (for the moment)
We use the Present simple for routines/habits and permanent situations. We often use these adverbs and expressions: always, often, usually, sometimes, never, every day.
We use the Present continuous for things happening now/around now and temporary situations. We use these time expressions: now, at the moment, today. WB p. 4
1 Underline the correct answer.
__________ 1 I wash/am washing my hair now. 2 Excuse me, my mobile rings/is ringing. 3 I check/am checking my email every day. 4 I never go/am never going to the theatre. 5 She buys/is buying new clothes every week. 6 Are you flirting/Do you ever flirt at parties? 7 I’m staying/stay with friends in London for a few days. 8 I don’t usually do/am not usually doing well in exams.
Past simple/Past continuous We use the Past simple for a completed action in the past. I had a sandwich for lunch yesterday. We use the Past continuous for a longer action in the past, often interrupted by a completed action in the Past simple. I was eating my sandwich when it started to rain. WB p. 4
2 Turn these phrases in the Past simple into the Past continuous.
1 I went ________ 4 you ate ________ 2 we paid ________ 5 they slept ________ 3 she studied ________ 6 he watched ________
3 Complete these sentences with the Past simple and the Past continuous.
1 They _____________ (shop) when it _____________ (start) to rain. 2 She _____________ (ride) her bike when she _____________ (fall) off. 3 He _____________ (see) her when she _____________ (wait) for the bus. 4 He _____________ (travel) to India when he _____________ (discover) America. 5 Paola _____________ (work) in Rome when she _____________ (meet) Maria. 6 I _____________ (have) a bad dream when I _____________ (wake) up.
4 Complete with the correct form of the verbs below. want put talk be (x2) take correct shout
Mum
Charlie
Mum
Charlie Mum Charlie Mum
Charlie Mum
Charlie
So, why did the teacher (1) __________ at you? Because I was (2) __________ to Bob during the lesson. What (3) __________ you doing in the lesson? Was it maths? We were (4) __________ a test. Why did you speak to Bob? I just (5) __________ a pencil. (6) __________ the other kids talking, too? No, just me. Why didn’t you (7) __________ your hand up? I did but the teacher didn’t see me; he was (8) __________ papers when I put my hand up.
5 Underline the correct answer.
A I always _____ listen/listening to music when I do my homework. B So am/do I. What are you listening to? A Shakira. It’s her latest album. B Wow, it’s absolutely/a bit brilliant. A Yeah, fantastic. I am loving/love her music. B So do me/I. I’ve got all her albums. B Yeah, so have/has I. A Anyway, are you free tonight? B Hey, aren’t you go/going out with Paola? A We were going out, but we breaking/broke up. B Why did/do you break up? A Well, we like/are liking different things. B You mean, music and stuff? A Yeah, she likes heavy metal; I think it’s dreadful. B So do/think I. Atrocious!
13
1
1
Flash on Skills Australia B
A
C
D
E
Before you listen 1
Match the photos with the words.
1 2 3
continent Holland the Dutch
4 5
Prime Minister Aboriginal people
Listening 2
1.08 P Listen to the interview. Fill in the gaps with the missing information.
The (1) ____________ are the natives of Australia. The natives of Australia (2) ____________ the country before the Europeans. In 1606 the (3) ____________ ‘discovered’ Australia. The Dutch called Australia ‘New (4) ____________ . The first people from England to live there were convicts from English (5) ____________ . These new immigrants took the land from the Aboriginal people. But later they took their children, too. In 1869, the government started to take Aboriginal (6) ____________ away from their families. These are the ‘stolen children’. In 2008, the (7) ____________ apologised to the native people of Australia.
Reading Read Patti’s story and put these events in the correct order.
14
a b c d e f g
I worked on a farm. Some strangers took me away. I made friends. I went to school. I learnt English. I went back home. Strangers came to the house.
strangers: sconosciuti
It was in the summer of 1949. I was five years old. We lived in a small hut near Alice Springs. We were very poor. One day, someone knocked on the door. My mother didn’t answer it. They knocked again. My father wasn’t at home and my mother didn’t like opening the door to strangers. But she opened it. There were three men at the door. They talked with my mum. ‘My
3
A stolen child remembers…
hut: capanna
husband is working in the fields now’ she said. ‘He comes home in the evening’. The three men then entered the room. One of them picked me up. My mother started to scream. The man said: ‘Come with us. We’re having a picnic in the park’. They put me into a car.
Culture Speaking 4
T Retell Patti’s story. Use these questions to
help you.
1 Where did Patti live? 2 Who did she live with? 3 Who came to the house? 4 Where did they take her? 5 Why was school difficult? 6 What did she do after school? 7 When did she see her mother again? 8 Where does she live now?
Writing 5
Use the questions in exercise 4 to write a summary of the story in the third person. (100 words)
Patti lived in a small hut near Alice Springs.
STUDY SKILLS
Using a dictionary A dictionary provides lots of information: it gives the meaning of a word, an example sentence and the pronunciation.
Æ convict \ kÅnvIkt\ noun [C] someone who is in prison because he/she has committed a crime. Æ convict \k´n vIkt\ verb [T] to prove in a court that someone is guilty of a crime: You don’t have the evidence to convict me. convicted adj. He’s a convicted robber.
6 Match the dictionary entries with the correct example sentences. I started school. All the kids spoke English but I only spoke the Aboriginal language. But when I learned English, I was a good pupil. I missed my family but I made new friends.
pick up: 1 to learn something new without trying hard 2 to buy something 3 to go to a place to get someone, often in a car a
I picked up some amazing bargains at the sales. She picked up a few German phrases when she was in Berlin. I’ll pick you up from the station.
b
c
door and there was a strange woman there. She
take away: 1 to remove something 2 to make something less 3 to remove one number from another
called me by my name. I didn’t know the woman.
a
I had black curly hair, but they combed my hair every day; they wanted to make it straight.
I left school when I was 15. I worked on a farm. I never got married. One day, when I was 35, there was a knock on the
She said: ‘Patti, I’m your mother’. We both cried. Today, I am with my family again. We live in the small hut near Alice Springs. I am sad but
b c
Take that away from the baby; it’s dangerous. Take four away from 20 and you have 16. A few fouls couldn’t take away from our team’s success.
I’m happy, too. 15
1
2
I’ll Text You Tonight! 1
Where and when do you text? Tick the boxes that are true for you. in bed during lunch
in the street when I brush my teeth
in class in the shower
at breakfast when I stay out late
2
1.09 Listen and read the article. Match these text messages to John, Julie or Marianne.
1 ‘Hi, Mum; I’ll be home late…’ _________________________ 2 ‘What are you doing now? Are you at the beach? Who are you with?’ _________________________ 3 ‘I don’t want to see you again. We’re finished’. _________________________
THE TEXT GENERATION In the past, when a boy liked a girl or a girl liked a boy, they had two choices: they talked and made a date or they phoned the person at home. Now things are different...
16-year-old John says:
A group of teenage boys see a group of girls at the beach. The boys, or the girls, say something funny, they chat for a bit, and then they swap mobile numbers. The girl says something like: ‘OK, I’ll give you my mobile, but don’t give it to anyone else’. ‘No, I won’t’, promises the boy, ‘I’ll send you a message tonight’. The first text message usually arrives that evening. And then the fun begins.
Julie, 15: ‘Me and my
Texting is great for teen romance. It’s not like talking on the phone; texting is good for shy kids because they can hide and it also gives slower writers time to write witty replies. They can use abbreviations like ‘2mo’ (tomorrow), ‘gf ’ (girlfriend) cu@ and ‘bf ’ (boyfriend). 8! But some kids text at the wrong time, in the wrong place. For example, they write and send messages during class, without taking their phone from their pocket.
‘I don’t text when I brush my teeth or take a shower. I don’t text when I’m playing with my netball team – and I don’t text during lunch. I always text my parents when I stay out late.’
3
Answer these questions.
1 What were the ‘two choices’ in the past? 2 What does the boy promise? 3 Why is texting good for shy kids? 4 Why is texting good for slow writers? 5 What is a wrong time and place to text? 6 What did Julie do by text message?
16
‘During the last school holidays I texted my girlfriend all the time, I was a bit jealous.’ boyfriend argued, then broke up, all by text message. No, I won’t stop texting. I can’t live without it.’
Marianne, 16:
To sum up, there are good and bad sides to using mobiles but one thing is definitely true – technology will continue to change our lives.
FLASH FORWARD Match the two parts of the text messages. Then write out the messages in full.
1 ru ok? 2 pls call me l8r 3 w%d u like 2 c a film? 4 c u @ sk%l
date: appuntamento witty: spiritoso argue: discutere break up: lasciarsi
A OK c u @ cinema @7 B Yes gr8 thx C OK c u 2moro in class D OK spk 2 u 2nite
6
Complete these short dialogues with one of the verbs below.
GRAMMAR
will for spontaneous decisions, promises and predictions
charge receive/get switch call dial check
No, I won’t stop texting. (decision) I’ll send you a message tonight. (promise) Technology will continue to change our lives. (prediction) Find more examples of will in the text on page 16 and underline them. Are they decisions, promises or predictions?
4
Complete the sentences with will or won’t and one of the verbs in the box. call
chat
promise
send
arrive
text
hide
’ll text 1 Bye now. I _____________ you tonight. 2 Hi, I’m busy now, leave your number and I _____________ you back. 3 My train is late. I _____________ at your house in time. 4 I promise I _____________ you a text message tonight. 5 Charles, _____________ you _____________ to love me forever? 6 Fiona, I _____________ the truth from you. I’m in love with Mary. 7 I can’t talk now, I have a lesson. We ____________ tonight.
Vocabulary: Mobile phones 5
1.10 Match the words to the pictures. Then listen and check. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2
keypad charger top-up card hands-free set screen hash key send button
A
B
E C
D
F
1 2 3 4 5 6
A Hello, I’d like to speak to Mr Hobbs, please. B OK, you need to_________ 0208 923 4675. dial A Why don’t you return my calls? B That’s not fair, I always _____________ you back. A My mobile’s not working. B Have you tried to _____________ it? You can borrow my charger. A How many messages do you receive every day? B Oh, I _____________ about 30. A Did Maggie send you a text? B Wait a minute, I’ll just _____________ my messages. A My mobile’s not working. B Why don’t you _____________ it off and switch it on again?
7
Underline the correct verb.
1 I’ll send/receive you a message tonight. 2 Stop checking/dialling your messages all the time. 3 I’m busy now. I’ll call/check you later. 4 I text/charge my mobile battery every day. 5 I always switch off/plug in my mobile in the cinema. 6 You never return/top up my calls: are you angry?
Say it! 8
Make short dialogues with information from A and B.
A I didn’t get your message. / Is that your mobile ringing? / I’ll miss you when you’re away. / You haven’t got any credit on your mobile. / I’m hungry. / Can you speak now? / This bag is really heavy. B I’m sorry, I’ll send it again. / I promise I’ll text you every day. / I’ll top it up. / Sorry, I’ll switch it off. / I’ll make lunch now. / Sorry, I’m busy; I’ll call you back. / I’ll carry it for you.
A By the way, I didn’t get your message. B I’m sorry, I’ll send it again. A Thanks. B That’s OK.
G
17
2
I get back on Sunday 1
1.11 Put these text messages and spoken phone messages in the correct
order (1-5) to make a ‘story’! Then listen and check. Hi, Anna! It’s me again. OK, I’ll ask Robyn, I don’t want to make her jealous! But I prefer you. For the film, I mean. You’ve got the right look. By the way, aren’t you lucky? A weekend in Berlin! Are you going alone? I’ve never been. Anyway, we’ll talk next week. Will you be free on Monday? Filming starts at the end of next week. Will you know after the weekend? Bye!
nA
Great. Sunday’s fine. I’ll come to the station and pick you up around 7. What time exactly does the train get in? Text me. I’ll hang on. See you on Sunday! xxx
nB
Hi, Anna! It’s me, Antonio. It was great talking to you yesterday. I’m serious about the film. I’m going to make a documentary for the course at the LAC. It’s called: ‘Beauty, what is it?’ I’m looking for a girl and a boy. Michael’s doing the boy for me. Will you be the girl? Think about it. Cheers! 1 C n
Thanks. You don’t give up, do et you? Why don’t we me on Sunday evening? I get back at about 7; we can meet at 9-ish. I’ll tell you then. Hugs!
Hi, Antonio! It’s Anna, I’m calling about your film idea! It’s really nice of you to ask me. I’m quite busy right now but I’ll think about it, I promise. You see, I’m going to Berlin to see my best friend Ute. I’m leaving on Friday and I get back on Sunday. Anyway, I think Robyn will be really envious. I think she fancies you. I’ll have a chat with her about the film. Perhaps she’ll do it for you. Bye.
nD 2
Answer these questions.
1 What is Antonio going to do for the course? 2 What is Anna doing this weekend? 3 Why will Robyn be jealous? 4 Why does Antonio prefer Anna to Robyn for the film? 5 When can Anna see Antonio? 6 Why does Antonio want to go to the station on Sunday?
3
Complete the questions using the question words who, what, when or where.
18
When 1 ___________ did Anna and Antonio talk? 2 ___________ part is Michael playing? 3 ___________ is Anna going at the weekend? 4 ___________ is Anna going to see in Berlin?
nE 4
In pairs, ask and answer the questions in ex. 3.
FLASH FORWARD Rewrite the text messages between Anna and Antonio as a dialogue. Begin like this: Antonio Hi, Anna. I’m going to make a documentary. Anna Really? What’s it called?
pick up: prendere envious: invidioso get back: tornare get in: arrivare 9-ish: alle nove circa
2
Vocabulary: IT: old words, new meanings 5
1.12 Do you know the meanings of these words? Match them to the correct definition, then listen and check.
1 virus 2 desktop 3 folder 4 mouse 5 menu 6 crash 7 surf 8 junk
a small animal with a long tail b list of food c when a car (or bus, train etc.) hits something d to ride on waves in the sea e rubbish f you can’t see it; it enters your body and makes you ill g What you work on! h thin flat container for paper
6 What do these words mean nowadays? Discuss in pairs. 7
Now use the words in exercise 5, with their new meanings, to complete these sentences.
1 I’ve put all my homework files in a ___________ called ‘Homework’. 2 You use the ___________ to move the cursor around the screen. 3 I get a lot of ___________ mail, you know, advertising stuff; I just delete it all. 4 I was playing a computer game when my computer ___________ – it stopped working. 5 Choose the programme you want from the ___________ . 6 You’ve got a lot of icons on your ___________ – it looks a mess. 7 She wastes time ___________ the Net all day.
Work in pairs. Make dialogues: phone your friend and make plans for going out. Choose events and times from the prompts below. the theatre a football match a rock concert a basketball match a party 9 o’clock 3 o’clock on Sunday at the weekend 7 o’clock this evening 5 o’clock 10 o’clock tomorrow
A Hi, it’s Paolo, I’m going to the football match on Sunday. Do you want to come? B What time does it start? A At 3 o’clock. B No, sorry, I can’t; I’m busy. But there’s a party this evening, it starts at 10 o’clock. Do you want to come? A Yes, I think I will.
The future
10 Tell the class what you arranged: where are you going and when? When does the event start?
Present continuous (arrangements) I’m leaving on Friday.
11
P Write an email to a friend about your plans for the weekend.
Find more examples of these future forms in the texts on page 18. Underline them.
8
Do these sentences refer to timetables/fixed events (T), arrangements (A) or intentions (I)? 1 I am seeing my friend on Saturday. 2 My train leaves at 7 in the morning. 3 When are you going to get a job? 4 We’re having lunch with my grandmother today. 5 Charlie and Rosa are getting married. 6 What time does the film start?
We’re going to a party this evening… It starts at 10 o’clock.
Write it!
be going to (intentions) I’m going to make a documentary.
9
GRAMMAR Present simple future (fixed events) Filming starts at the end of next week.
Say it!
___ A ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Ask them how they are. Tell them how you are. Tell them what you are going to do at the weekend. Say why you are doing this. Ask them to come with you. Arrange a time and place to meet. Say goodbye.
19
2
Listen’n’speak Phone chat 1 Match the different kinds of teen parties with the pictures. 1 n fancy dress party 2 n karaoke 3 n theme party 4 n sleepover party
A
C
B
1.13 Listen to two phone conversations. 2 Which kind of party do the speakers mention?
D
Pronunciation: \´U\ \aU\ \Å\
/´U/ I won’t be late. /aU/ I’ll think about it. /Å/ I want you back before midnight.
1.13 P Listen again. Are the statements 3 T (true) or (F) false?
1 Rosa is having a party. 2 Charlie’s parents leave on Friday. 3 Rosa wants to bring her boyfriend. 4 Rosa has a good time at the party. 5 The last bus leaves at midnight. 6 Rosa stays at Melina’s house.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
4 Are you a ‘mobile maniac’? Tick answers a or b. 1 How do you feel when you don’t get an instant response to a text message? a anxious b fine 2 How do you feel when you turn your mobile off? a depressed b relaxed 3 When you are with friends, where do you put your mobile? a on the table b in my pocket
1.14 Listen and decide if the underlined 6 sounds are like \´U\, \aU\ or \Å\.
1 I won’t tell anyone. 2 I want to have a party. 3 Let’s go out. 4 I don’t like parties. 5 The party’s on Saturday. 6 Do you own a bike? 7 How much have you got? 8 Open your mouth, please.
1.15 Find the \´U\, \aU\ and \Å\ sounds in 7 this tongue twister, then listen and practise saying it! I d o n’t want to go ho me n ow o n my own wit h o u t y o u o n a l o n g l o n ely r o a d .
4 Your phone doesn’t ring for hours. This means... a nobody loves me b my friends are busy 5 You spend your pocket money on... a top-up cards b other things
Spoken English: Making a phone call
6 How often do you check your phone? a every two minutes b a few times a day
8
Reorder the phone conversation.
Key
You answered mostly a: you probably are a ‘mobile maniac’! You answered mostly b: you are pretty cool about mobiles. You control them, they don’t control you!
Bye. Alright. No, it’s OK, I’ll call back. Can I take a message? Hello, could I speak to Anna, please? It’s Michael. Sorry, she’s not here at the moment. Who’s speaking? Thanks. Bye.
5 Now compare your answers with your partner; say how you feel.
When I don’t get an instant response, I feel... because...
9
1.16 Now listen and check your answers.
20
Then practise the dialogue in pairs.
Flash on Grammar The future
2 Complete with will/won’t or the Present simple future and the verbs below.
will We use will for spontaneous decisions, promises and predictions and it is often used with these expressions: I think/I don’t think, probably, perhaps, possibly. OK, I’ll give you my mobile. I promise I’ll call you tomorrow. You’ll probably enjoy the party. I don’t think Mario will lend me his bike.
Present simple future We use the Present simple for future programmes and timetables and it usually goes with these verbs: arrive, come, finish, go, leave, start. Filming starts at the end of next week. The boat leaves on Saturday at 9 o’clock.
Present continuous We use the Present continuous to talk about arrangements in the future. I’m meeting Paul tomorrow night.
be going to We use be going to to talk about future plans (but not arranged) and intentions, or to make predictions about the future based on present evidence. I’m going to see a football match. (I haven’t bought the tickets yet.) I’m going to finish the essay tomorrow. (I’ve almost finished it.)
1 Complete the dialogues with will and the verbs below.
charge
try
be
send
break up
1 A Are you going to have a starter? B Yes, I think I ___________ some onion soup. 2 A Quick, let’s hurry, we’ll miss the train. B You’re right; it ___________ in five minutes. 3 A When does school ___________? I’ve had enough! B In two weeks’ time. We ___________ on holiday soon! Yippee! 4 A Teacher, we’re bored. Can we listen to a song? B OK, I ___________ a song for you, but you must be quiet! 5 A What time do you ___________ at the airport? B I can’t remember. I ___________ and send you a text message.
3
Use the prompts below to complete the sentences in the future. Use the Present simple, the Present continuous or (be) going to. More than one answer may be correct. pick send take start leave get catch
WB pp. 12-13
call
play be check have arrive finish leave
text
1 A Charles, you won’t forget me, will you? B Of course, I won’t. I’_______ ll text you every day. 2 A Will you call me tonight? B No, but I ___________ you a message. 3 A Paula and Harry are always fighting. They don’t agree about anything. B Yeah, I think they ___________ soon. 4 A My mobile’s not working. I think it’s the battery. B Give it to me. I ___________ it for you. 5 A You didn’t do well in the test, Charlie. B Sorry. Next time, I __________ harder. Promise! 6 A Four out of five teens have a mobile today. B By 2020, the number ___________ 100%. 7 A Sorry, Tony, I really can’t talk. B No problem, I ___________ you later and we can chat then.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
starts Don’t be late: the concert ___________ at 9 p.m. On Tuesday, we ___________ a plane to New York. They arrive at the station on Saturday morning. I ___________ them up. Where ___________ the Olympics ___________ place this year? My internet connection is terrible. I ___________ a new modem. The ship ___________ from Southampton at midday. I ___________ her a message about the party on Saturday.
4 Complete these statements so that they are true for you.
1 Tonight I’ll be free at ___________ . 2 I’m hungry, I think I’ll have ___________ . 3 Today classes finish at ___________ . 4 I’m going to buy a new mobile in ___________ . 5 In future, I promise I’ll/won’t ___________ . 6 The next exam period begins ___________ .
21
2
2
Flash on Skills Telecommunications efore you listen B 1 How often do you say the following? Write S (sometimes), O (often), R (rarely), or N (never).
1 I’ll 2 I’ll 3 I’ll 4 I’ll 5 I’ll
write you a letter. text you. send you an email. call you on your mobile. send you a postcard.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Reading 3
Read the text and match the information with the correct mobile phone. Write A-D in the boxes.
A brief history of... mobile phones
Listening
Today, mobile phones are very common. However, thirty years ago, they were very unusual…
1.17 P How has communication changed 2 over the years? Listen and complete the sentences with the correct information.
1 The Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system, in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, was the first automatic mobile system. NMT was an analogue mobile phone network, but it was very big – like a brick!
telecommunications mobile phone light radiophone telephone letters pictures
1 20,00 years ago, humans painted ___________ and used them to tell stories.
2 200 years ago, people received handwritten ___________ – the ‘postman’ came on horseback!
3 In 1843 a chemist, Michael Faraday, began research into electricity: his discoveries have had a huge effect on ___________ .
4
5 In 1956, Ericsson developed the first automatic ___________ system; it weighed 40 kilos!
6
In 1957, the Russian engineer Leonid Kupriyanovich invented a mobile phone: the LK-1 or ‘___________’. Although it was ‘portable’, the ‘radiophone’ weighed 3 kilos!
7
In 1981 the Swedish electrical engineer Östen Mäkitalo started work on the first ___________ mobile phone, so some people call him ‘the father’ of the mobile phone.
22
2 The ‘second generation’ (2G) mobile phone systems, in the 1990s in Finland, used digital not analogue transmission, so they were more efficient. SMS text messaging started with 2G mobiles in the 1990s. Soon SMS became a favourite with teenagers: ‘Will be late. CU @ 9.’ ‘That’s gr8. CU 2nite!’
3 The third generation of mobile phones are faster than 2G and include voice telephone and video calls. 3G is also different from 2G services because it can do more things: it takes photos, accesses the Internet, makes and shows video clips.
In 1876 a Scotsman, Alexander Bell, invented the ___________ . However, some people say the real inventor was Antonio Meucci, an Italian.
4 The fourth generation of mobile phone (4G) sends and receives calls over the Internet. This system provides better internet access, games and streamed multimedia.
4
P Read the text again. Then read the
sentences below and write T (true) or F (false).
1 2 3 4 5 6
Thirty years ago mobile phones were very popular. The Nordic Mobile Telephone was very heavy. Text messaging began in the 1980s. 2G mobiles can take photos. You can make video clips with third generation mobile phones. 4G services provide the best internet access.
___
___ ___ ___
___
___
CLIL A
6
Find examples of but, however/so, because in the texts.
7
Complete these sentences with an appropriate connector.
1 I use my mobile a lot ___________ it is quick and easy. 2 ___________ I always have my mobile with me, I switch it off in class. 3 I want to buy a new mobile ___________ I can’t afford it. 4 I was in the bathroom when you phoned ___________ I didn’t hear my mobile. 5 My dad has a mobile. ___________ , he doesn’t use it a lot.
C
B
D
STUDY SKILLS
Checking and correcting errors Always check your composition. Look out for common Italian errors in English, for example: Leaving out a subject pronoun: John is English; is a doctor. Leaving out third singular person ‘s’: Mimi work every day.
Speaking 5
T Prepare a short talk about what you do
with your mobile phone. Use the following prompts to help you. Which features of mobile phones do you use least/most? talk with my friends send text messages make emergency calls
STUDY SKILLS
Combining sentences
We use but for introducing a different idea. Charlie is clever but he’s lazy.
We use although and however to express surprise or contrast. Although it was heavy, the first mobile was useful. It was an expensive phone; however, it was very popular.
We use so for saying something happens because of something else. It was her birthday so I texted her.
We use because when we give a reason for something. I bought a new mobile because I lost my old one.
Using present tense of ‘be’ with born instead of past: Bell is born in Scotland. Confusing ‘at’ with ‘to’: He went at the supermarket. Not using connectors: He gets up. He goes to work. He doesn’t make money.
8
Only one of these sentences is correct. Can you find it? Correct the wrong sentences. 1 Charlie go at a very good school. 2 He is not good pupil. 3 He is very clever, but is lazy. 4 He don’t work too hard. 5 The teacher often is angry with him. 6 He send messages to his mobile in class. 7 Charlie doesn’t listen the teacher. 8 The teacher send him at director of the school. 9 Charlie not changed. 10 ‘No, I won’t stop texting. I can’t live without it’.
9
1.18 Listen and check your answers.
Writing
10 Combine the sentences in exercise 8 to make a composition using the connectors but, although, however/so, because. Charlie goes to a very good school but he isn’t doing very well…
23
2
1 2
Flashback 4
GRAMMAR
Complete the gaps with the correct form of the verbs below.
Present simple/Present continuous
1
Underline the correct option.
__________ 0 I can’t answer the phone; I have/I’m having a shower now. 1 I usually go/going to school on foot. 2 Do you like/Are you like swimming? 3 I’m not bothering/I don’t bother you, am I? 4 We never eat/are eating a lot in the evening. 5 The weather gets/is getting hotter and hotter. 6 You’re always taking/take my things. Stop it! 7 Paul often drives/is driving fast. 7
Past simple/Past continuous
2
Complete the sentences with the Past simple or the Past continuous.
0 We were watching TV when the doorbell rang . (ring) ________ 1 I ________ my homework when I fell asleep. (do) 2 They ________ in the park when it started to rain. (walk) 3 Paola and Laura ________ coffee when Silvio walked in. (have) 4 The thief ________ away when he saw the police. (run) 5 Marcello ________ to New York when he met Monica. (fly) 5
Complete the sentences with the Past simple and the Past continuous. was listening to music when you _________ phoned 0 I _____________ me last night. (listen/phone) 1 You _________ your keys when you _________ for the bus. (lose/run) 2 We _________ at the station when the train _________ . (arrive/leave) 3 He _________ in Italy when he _________ to speak Italian. (live/learn) 4 She _________ her first husband when she _________ in Hollywood. (marry/work) 5 Their car _________ down when they _________ to the airport. (break/drive) 6 JK Rowling _________ to London when she _________ the first Harry Potter story. (travel/ write) 7 While I _________ for the bus, I _________ an old friend. (wait/see) 8 When he _________ home, his dad _________ outside. (arrive/wait) 16
24
know have want see go work decide get
A So when did you (0) _________ become a guitarist in a band? B Well, at University, when I (1) _________ engineering, I joined a band. A Which University (2) _________ to? B Oxford. A Wow, Oxford! Only really clever students (3) _________ into Oxford, don’t they? B No, I just worked hard; I always (4) _________ hard, you see… A And (5) _________ how to play the guitar when you were a student? B No, I was (6) _________ guitar lessons then. A And when did you (7) _________ to be a musician? B When I (8) _________ Coldplay in concert – I thought ‘this is for me: I _________ (9) to be an engineer anymore.’ A So you chose music? B Yes, I (10) _________ to music… and I’m learning the piano now. A You’re having piano lessons…? B Yes, I (11) _________ every day.
22
will
5
3
change become practise study
Complete the sentences with will/won’t and one of the verbs below. get miss forget do (x2) tell call
0 A B 1 A B 2 A B 3 A B 4 A B 5 A B 6 A B
And don’t forget to do your homework. won’t forget it. No, Mum, I __________ I’m busy. I can’t do the shopping today. That’s OK, I _________ it for you. I’ll be in the USA for 3 months. That’s a long time. I _________ you a lot. Can I speak to you now? No, I’m in a hurry. I _________ you later. You got a very bad mark in the text. Next time I _________ a better mark. You broke the window. I’m sorry, I _________ it again. It’s a secret, nobody must know. Don’t worry. I _________ anybody. 6
Flashback Present simple/continuous, be going to
Mobile phones, IT
6
10 Choose the correct word: a, b or c.
Put in the correct form of the verbs in brackets. More than one type of future is possible. to see the new vampire film. (see) 0 We’re going __________ 1 ________ to Patricia’s party on Saturday? (go) 2 The party ________ at about ten o’clock. (start) 3 The teacher ________ to school today; she’s not well. (come) 4 We ________ in Milan at five fifty exactly. (arrive) 5 We ________ tonight. We’ve got a lot of homework. (not/go out)
5
Round Up!
7
Underline the correct answer in this dialogue.
________ A I (0) go/’m going to the school concert tonight. B So (1) do/am I. A (2) Did you go/Were you going last year? B Yes, I always (3) going/go. A What time (4) is/does it begin? B It (5) starts/going to start at nine. A Who (6) plays/’s playing? B Paolo (7) plays/is going to play the piano. A He (8) played/was playing last year, too. I thought he was fantastic! B So (9) do/did I. A (10) Do/Are your parents coming? B No, they (11) don’t come/aren’t coming. 11
VOCABULARY Phrases with go
8
Complete with go or go for.
go 0 _______ jogging 1 _______ a coffee 2 _______ shopping 3 _______ a drive
4 _______ dancing 5 _______ sightseeing 6 _______ swimming 7 _______ a drink
0 Waiter, can I see the ________ menu , please? a folder b menu c food 1 I think she’s caught a ________ . a mouse b worm c virus 2 The waves in the sea are huge today; let’s go ________ . a surfing b crashing c typing 3 ________ the computer on. a charge b dial c switch 4 Put the pens and papers on the ________ . a zip b desktop c keypad 5 I saw a ________ in my bedroom on my bed. a button b screen c mouse 5
FUNCTIONS Criticizing and complaining
11 Complete the dialogue with a word or phrase. A You’re always complaining, what’s the problem now? always do the housework . B Well, I (0) ______________________ (housework) A That’s not true, you don’t do all the housework; who (1) _________ in this house? (wash up) B OK, but (2) _________ , don’t I? (always/cook) B That’s because I’m always working... A But who (3) _________? (clean/house) B You, but you’re always (4) _________ your things on the floor. (leave) A You (5) _________ the dog for a walk. (never/ take) B That’s not true. I’m always taking the dog for a walk. A You only think about yourself – you‘re so selfish! You (6) _________ TV all day. (watch) B And you’re (7) _________ video games. (always/play) A But I don’t complain, do I? 7
7
Absolute adjectives
Agreeing and disagreeing
9
Underline the correct word.
12 Complete with the correct form of So… I/
________ 0 I enjoyed the film; it was terrible/brilliant. 1 We’re not going to that restaurant again; the food was fascinating/awful. 2 Our holiday was a great success; the beaches were terrific/terrible. 3 The weather was marvelous/dreadful; it rained all day. 4 I didn’t like flying; I felt terrified/terrific.
Neither… I.
4
0 ‘I don’t have a lot of money.’ ‘Neither _______ do I .’ 1 ‘I’m a good student.’ ‘So _________ .’ 2 ‘I’m not French.’ ‘Neither _________ .’ 3 ‘She likes rock music.’ ‘So _________ .’ 4 ‘He doesn’t eat meat.’ ‘Neither _________ .’ 5 ‘I’m not upset.’ ‘_________ .’ 5 Total:
100
25
1 2
3
A special school 1
1
Match the expressions with the pictures.
tidy the classroom 2
A
2
Freedom
B
use mobile phones 3
C
D
ask questions 5
do homework
E
1.19 Listen and read the text. Which of the above do the pupils do at Summer High?
S
ummer High: the school ‘where children don’t have to go to lessons’ or ‘the school with no rules’. But it’s not true: at Summer High kids have to obey the rules, but they also make the rules. How? Teachers and pupils have a meeting and they all have one vote. Kimoko from Japan is reading Kensuke’s Kingdom by Michael Morpurgo because, for her homework, she is translating the novel from English into Japanese. But she chose to do it. She didn’t have to do it. That’s the difference. That’s Summer High. At Summer High, there are 172 rules and punishments, for example: pupils don’t have to wear a uniform, they can’t use mobile phones in class, there’s no homework to do, and so on. They have to do household tasks (for example, tidy the classrooms or wash the dishes). And here are some of the punishments: pupils have to stay behind after school, do extra writing, apologise etc.
3
Read the text again and answer these questions.
1 Who makes the rules at Summer High? 2 How do they make the rules? 3 What is Kensuke’s Kingdom? 4 Why is Kimoko reading Kensuke’s Kingdom? 5 Why did Max leave his old school? 6 Why does Max enjoy learning?
26
wear a uniform 4
Summer High believes that we should let children take decisions and risks. Children shouldn’t just listen: they should ask questions, too. Summer High also believes pupils should do well at school because in this way they can be successful and happy. Max went to Summer High because he had problems at his old school: he had to take a lot of exams and was very stressed; he had to leave the school. ‘Summer High gave me a second chance’, says Max. ‘Did you have to take any exams at Summer High?’ ‘Yes, I took English, maths and history.’ ‘Was all that freedom a good thing?’ ‘Yes, because it made me enjoy learning. I didn’t have to learn: I chose to!’
FLASH FORWARD Read the text again and find the rules and punishments. Now note down some of the rules and punishments in your school.
obey: obbedire household tasks: lavori domestici stay behind after school: rimanere a scuola dopo le lezioni
3
Vocabulary: Tasks and duties
GRAMMAR
have to
7
They have to do household tasks. Do pupils have to go to lessons? Children don’t have to go to lessons. He had to leave the school.
1.20 Write the expressions under the
pictures. Then listen and check. pay the bills do the housework clean the dishes wash the car cook dinner do the ironing set the table do the shopping
Find more examples of have to in the text on page 26. Underline them.
4
Complete the sentences using have to/had to/ don’t have to with the correct infinitive below. buy
pay
switch off
miss
wear (x2)
have to switch off our mobile phones in 1 We ________________ class. 2 Last week, I _____________ classes because I was ill. 3 In primary school, all children _____________ a uniform. It was the rule. 4 In secondary school, we _____________ a uniform. We can wear jeans. 5 We _____________ for school – it’s free. 6 We _____________ some of our schoolbooks, but some are free.
5
Which of the sentences in ex. 4 are true for you?
1 _____________________
2 _____________________
3 _____________________
4 _____________________
5 _____________________
6 _____________________
7 _____________________
8 _____________________
GRAMMAR
should We should let children take decisions. Children shouldn’t just listen. Find more examples of should/shouldn’t in the text on page 26. Underline them.
6
Complete the sentences with should/shouldn’t and a verb from the box. take study drink watch go (x2)
1 He _____________ more. He has a maths test next week. 2 You _____________ TV all the time. It’s bad for you. 3 She’s got a toothache. She _____________ to the dentist. 4 My brother’s very unfit. He _____________ more exercise. 5 Karen is very nervous. She _____________ so much coffee! 6 Chris is always late for class. He ____________ to bed so late.
Say it! 8
Use the vocabulary above and the correct form of have to and should to talk about what you, your parents and teenagers have to do, don’t have to do, should or shouldn’t do.
My parents have to pay the bills. My mum shouldn’t do all the housework. I don’t have to pay the bills. I think we should all do the housework.
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You should’ve told us… 1
1.21 Listen and read. Who did Anna see in Berlin?
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Henry Anna Henry Anna
Berlin? You had to go to Berlin? Yes, I did, urgently. Urgently? But why for goodness’ sake?! Because Ute wanted to chat about things. Henry You should have talked to us first. Anna But I didn’t have time. Hilary Anna, you really must tell us about these trips. Anna But I was in a hurry. Henry And you mustn’t just disappear. You shouldn’t have gone. Anna Dad, it was urgent. Hilary You should’ve phoned or texted or something, love. Anna Mum, I had to take a quick decision; I had a lot on my mind. Henry You should’ve told us. Anna But Dad, do I have to tell you everything? Henry Anyway, how much did it cost you? Anna Dad, it’s my money. Henry Your money? We’ll see about that. Anna OK, then, I’ll find a job and earn my own money. Hilary Now, we must all calm down, sit down and have a nice cup of tea! Henry I’m sorry, but I’ve got to meet the plumber. Anna Sorry Mum, I have to go to the LAC, I’ve got an assignment. Hilary OK, we’ll talk later.
2
Read the statements and write T (true) or F (false). Correct the false sentences.
1 Anna’s friend lives in London. 2 Anna had to talk to Ute. 3 Anna told her parents about the trip. 4 Anna sent a message from Berlin. 5 Anna’s dad is free to talk now. 6 Anna has to leave now.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
3
Use the prompts to make questions. Ask and answer in pairs.
1 Where / Anna / go? A Where did Anna go? B She went to Berlin. 2 Who / Anna / see / in Berlin? 3 Why / Anna / go / see / her friend? 4 Why / Anna / not text / her parents? 5 What / Anna / want / find? 6 What / Hilary / want / do?
FLASH FORWARD Which things can or can’t you do? Write sentences. Use the prompts to help you. stay out late have a party at home buy clothes visit a country without my parents go for a walk with friends
I can/can’t stay out late.
for goodness’ sake!: santo cielo! a lot on my mind: tante preoccupazioni earn: guadagnare
plumber: idraulico
Vocabulary:
GRAMMAR
must
Phrases with have and take
You really must tell us about these trips. You mustn’t just disappear. Find more examples of must in the dialogue on page 28. Underline them.
6
Study the chart below and then add the following expressions. Some words can go with both have and take. a decision a risk a shower some food my temperature a drink a good time a train an exam a taxi some exercise a walk history (lessons) the time a party
4
Complete these sentences with must/mustn’t and one of the verbs in the box. be
pay
relax
work
tell
buy
must buy 1 I _____________ some new shoes – these are really old. 2 I work too hard. I _____________ more. 3 I feel tired. I _____________ so hard. 4 You _____________ lies, it’s not right. 5 You _____________ for your ticket. The concert isn’t free. 6 You _____________ eighteen to drive a car.
GRAMMAR
Past of should You should have talked to us first. You shouldn’t have gone. Find more examples of this structure in the dialogue on page 28. Circle them.
have
a break, some tea, a job, a rest, a baby, a bath, a swim, a chance, a jog, _______ ____________________________________
take
a break, a look, advice, a course, the bus, photos, _____________________________ ____________________________________
7
Circle the correct verb in these sentences.
1 You should take/have the decision. It’s urgent. 2 You should have had/taken a jog this morning; the weather was lovely. 3 You shouldn’t have taken/had the risk; it was too dangerous. 4 You shouldn’t have taken/had a taxi; it’s expensive. 5 She should’ve taken/had my advice; now it’s too late. 6 She should’ve taken/had a party on her 16th birthday.
5
Write a response to the situations using the prompts and should in the present or past tense.
FUNCTIONS
You should’ve asked me/told me/phoned me/ texted me!
3
1 You have a difficult exam next week. You _____________ . (work hard) 2 You missed the train last week. You _____________ . (get up earlier) 3 We saw the great new vampire film at the cinema last night. You _____________ . (come) 4 Nobody believed your story. You _____________ . (tell the truth) 5 You always look tired. You _____________ . (get more sleep) 6 You are putting on weight. You _____________ . (take more exercise)
Complaining and making excuses
Sorry, I didn’t have time./I was in a hurry. I forgot./I had a lot on my mind. I had to take a quick decision. Do I have to tell you everything?
Say it! 8
T In pairs, make dialogues using the
prompts and your own ideas.
take someone’s bike borrow a book pen MP3 player some money
A By the way, I took your bike. I’m sorry. Is it OK? B Well, you should’ve asked me. A Sorry, I didn’t have time.
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3
Listen’n’speak The happiest days? 1 Match the pictures with the phrases. A
B
C
Pronunciation: Modal verbs
must \møst\ should \SUd\Æ should’ve \SUd ´v\
5
D
E
Students… 1 must wear school uniform. 2 shouldn’t wear make-up at school or out of school. 3 mustn’t dye their hair. 4 mustn’t wear jewellery at school. 5 mustn’t eat food in the classrooms. 6 have to use their right hand for writing.
2 Tick the rules that are true for your school.
1.22 P Listen and complete these notes on 3 what each speaker says, with one or two words. Alice, Australia When the teacher came into the room, we had to (1) _________. When we broke the rules we had detention, we had to (2) _________ after school. Ryo, Japan (3) _________ your hair is against the rules. In some schools you have to wear a uniform and you mustn’t have a (4) _________. Caitlin, Ireland The girls had to wear (5) _________– and no make-up! And the boys had to have short hair. And, of course, no (6) _________. Alex, Canada (7) _________ football on the football field! Coats have to be dark, (8) _________ or grey. If you break the rules you have to write (9) _________ or stay behind after school. 4 Which rules do you agree/disagree with? Give your reasons using the expressions below.
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It’s not fair... It’s a waste of time. It’s a good idea... They don’t have the right to do that. It helps/doesn’t help you learn.
1.23 Listen and repeat. 1 2 3 4 5 6
F
Æ
mustn’t \ Æmøsnt\ shouldn’t \ ÆSUdnt\ shouldn’t have \ SUdnt ´v\
6
You You You You You You
must do your homework. mustn’t be late. should go to bed early. shouldn’t stay up late. should’ve woken up early. shouldn’t have cheated.
1.24 Listen. Which one do you hear, a or b? 1 a You must come. b You mustn’t come. 2 a They must walk. b They mustn’t walk. 3 a He should wait. b He shouldn’t wait. 4 a She should pay. b She shouldn’t pay. 5 a We should’ve won. b We shouldn’t have won. 6 a I should’ve b I shouldn’t have married him. married him.
Spoken English Fixed expressions Fixed expressions are phrases which we say often and they don’t change. Verb + noun: cost a fortune, take a decision, take exams, take geography, have time, have something on my mind... Phrasal verbs: calm down, switch on/off... Phrases: For heaven’s sake!, at the last minute... Using fixed expressions can help you become more fluent.
FLASHPOINT Be careful with fixed expressions. You shouldn’t use them just to ‘show off’. Make sure you know when and where to use them.
7 Complete the sentences with a fixed expression. 1 2 3 4 5
Don’t get upset. _____________ . He’s got an expensive new car. It _____________ ! I hate ____________ . I’m always afraid I’ll fail. Please ____________ your mobile phones in class. I’m sorry, I’m in a hurry and I don’t ____________ to stop.
Flash on Grammar have to
We use have to/has to + base form when something is necessary, usually when we are talking about rules or laws. You have to drive on the left in the UK. Do you have to go to school? Yes, I do.
We use don’t have to/doesn’t have to when something is not necessary. In the UK children don’t have to go to school on Saturdays.
4 5 6 7 8
should We use should/shouldn’t + base form when giving advice or to say something is a good idea. You should do more sport. You shouldn’t stay up late. WB p. 21
The past of have to is had to. She had to change school. WB p. 20
1
Complete these sentences with have to/don’t have to or had to/didn’t have to.
1 You _______ have to be 17 to drive a car in the UK. 2 You _______ be 18 to ride a bicycle. 3 You _______ eat food to live. 4 You _______ study hard last year. 5 You _______ drive on the right in Italy. 6 You _______ have computer skills at school 100 years ago.
2 Make questions from the sentences in ex. 1.
Do you have to be 17 to drive a car in the UK?
must We use must + base form when the speaker thinks it is necessary or important to do something. I must listen to the teacher.
5
1 The law says drivers have to/must wear a seat belt. 2 You mustn’t/don’t have to learn Spanish, you can learn French. 3 Do I have to/Must I bring a doctor’s note when I am ill?
eat
wear
sleep
1 I feel tired. You _____________. should sleep 2 I’ve got a bad cold and a temperature. You _____________some medicine. 3 She eats a lot of fast food. She _____________ fresh fruit. 4 She always feels cold. She _____________ warm clothes. 5 She doesn’t have time to do her homework. She _____________ to parties every night.
We use should have + past participle if somebody didn’t do something that was important. You should have talked to us first. (but you didn’t) We use shouldn’t have if somebody did something wrong. You shouldn’t have gone. (but you did)
3 Rewrite these phrases with must/mustn’t.
4 Choose have to/must in the following sentences.
go
Past of should
WB p. 20
1 Work hard. You must work hard. 2 Go to bed late. You mustn’t go to bed late. 3 Listen to your mum and dad. 4 Take other people’s things. 5 Help your friends. 6 Spend all day on the Internet. 7 Walk in the middle of the road. 8 Remember your best friend’s birthday.
Complete the sentences with should/shouldn’t and the verbs below. take
We use mustn’t when something is prohibited. You mustn’t take food into the classroom.
You mustn’t/don’t have to drink when you drive. I must/have to work harder at school. My marks are bad. Customers have to/must be over eighteen to go in that club. You don’t have to/mustn’t be a member to go to the swimming pool. I think you must/have to try and come home earlier, Anna!
WB p. 21
6 Complete the sentences with the past of should/ shouldn’t and the correct form of the verb.
1 They stayed in an expensive hotel. They have gone camping. (go) should _______________ 2 I haven’t got any money. You _____________ all of those clothes. (buy) 3 You didn’t answer my text message. You _____________ me. (text) 4 I’ve got a stomach ache. I _____________ all that cake. (eat) 5 My cold is worse. I have to stay in bed. I _____________ some medicine. (take)
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3
3
Flash on Skills About the writer
Brian Patten: a Liverpool poet
Brian Patten was born in Liverpool in 1946. He is one of the three Liverpool Poets influential in the ’60s. With translations of his poems into Italian, Spanish, German and many other languages, he is now one of Europe’s most popular poets. He often writes about childhood and love. Here we look at a poem about school.
Before you listen 1
Look at the cartoon and match the animals with their names. bird monkey elephant goldfish
seal dog pelican
Listening
To make sure it’s a fair test, I’m going to give you all the same task. All I want you to do is to climb up into that tree...
5
C
B
A
D
E
G
Q1. Describe the taste of the moon.
2
Which ‘pupil’ is going to find the test a) very easy, b) easy, c) difficult, d) impossible?
3
Match these sentences with the correct pupil/ pupils. 1 This test is going to be easy for me. _____________
2 I should’ve joined another class! _____________
3 I should’ve taken more exercise. _____________
4 I haven’t got a chance of passing this test. _____________
4
Match these words with their Italian translation.
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1 shallow 2 desert 3 fail 4 flavour 5 melt 6 grief 7 expelled
‘The Minister for Exams’ When I was a child I sat an exam. The test was so simple There was no way I could (1) ____________ .
F
P Listen and read the poem. Fill in 1.25 the gaps with the missing word or expression.
a deserto b gusto c espulso d essere bocciati e dolore f sciogliersi g superficiale
It tastes like Creation I wrote, it has the (2) ____________ of starlight. Q2. What colour is Love? Love is the colour of the water a man lost in the (3) ____________ finds, I wrote. Q3. Why do snowflakes melt? I wrote, they (4) ____________ because they fall onto the warm tongue of God. There were other questions. They were as simple. I described the (5) ____________ of Adam when he was (6) ____________ from Eden. I wrote down the exact weight of an elephant’s dream. Yet today, many years later, For my living I sweep the streets or clean out the toilets of the fat hotels. Why? Because I constantly failed my exams. Why? Well, let me set a test. Q1. How large is a child’s imagination? Q2. How (7) ____________ is the soul of the Minister for Exams? Brian Patten (1996)
Literature 6 Read the poem again and answer these
questions. 1 Was the exam easy or difficult? 2 What were the questions? 3 What is his job now? 4 Did the writer pass his exam?
STUDY SKILLS
Recording fixed expressions In your special notebook for vocabulary you should also keep a record of idioms and fixed expressions. Write phrases and fixed expressions as well as single words: eg. not just ‘take’ but ‘take a decision’, ‘take a risk’… Write example sentences of your own with the new phrases: I had to take an important decision. Try to use your new phrases in your written work.
8 Read the prose summary of the poem in ex. 7 again. How many paragraphs are there? Choose a title for each paragraph:
Taking the exam
My life today
The exam result
Writing
9 Look at the people in the photo. Where are
they? What are they doing? How do they feel? Why? Imagine you are one of the people in the photo. Write about ‘The most difficult exam I’ve had to take’. Use the questions below to help you.
Reading 7
Read the poem again and then read the version of the poem below. Choose new words and phrases to record in your notebook.
When I was at school, I had to take an exam. We had to answer three questions. The questions looked really simple. But I felt a bit nervous. Anyway, I wrote my answer to the first question. Then I did question 2 and question 3. I answered all the questions in the same way. I was anxious about the time, I had to write quickly, but I finished. Unfortunately, I didn’t pass the exam; I failed. I don’t know why. I felt really bad. Perhaps I should’ve written different answers in the test. Because of this exam, I had to leave school and get a job. In the end, I got a job in a hotel. I hate it.
1 When was the exam? 2 Where was it? 3 What was the subject? 4 How did you prepare for it? 5 Can you remember any of the questions? 6 Did you write good answers? 7 How long did the exam last? 8 How did you feel at the end of the exam? 9 What was the result? 10 How do you feel about it now?
Speaking
T Work in pairs. 10
Describe ‘The most difficult exam I’ve ever had to take’. Ask each other questions.
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