Teen 01 2020-2021

Your English Monthly

TEEN

B2/C1

®

Year XXXXI - N. 1 - September / October 2020 - Imprimé à Taxe Réduite

Teen People

Millie Bobby Brown

Culture and Society

The Healing s t n a l P f o r e w Po

www.elilanguagemagazines.com

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Welcome Hello, and welcome to a year with Teen. Are you ready for new beginnings? New discoveries? There’s a lot going on* inside these pages – from fashion to food, from technology to a look at how our societies are changing as we explore and expand our digital world. We meet a famous young actress, uncover the secrets of the most powerful people in social media, take a virtual tour of the world’s coolest music festivals, and finish with a look at the healing* power of plants. All that, and a whole variety of activities and games to help you with your learning.

N. 1 - September/October 2020 Common European Framework Intermediate Level (B2–C1) In this issue look out for: - adjectives - future tense - idioms - present perfect - present tense, simple and continuous - sub clauses and connecting phrases - giving advice - language of fashion, digital technology, marketing, social media and gaming

Audio A subscription to the magazine allows you to download for free, in MP3 format, the audio of all the magazines in the resources section of our website www.elilanguagemagazines.com.

Teacher’s guide For teachers, the subscription to the magazine allows you to download for free the audio material in MP3 format, as well as the teacher’s guide for all* the magazines available in PDF format.

NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS OR FOR ANY PURPOSES WITHOUT PRIOR PERMISSION. THE PUBLISHER IS PREPARED TO MAKE PAYMENT FOR ANY COPYRIGHT OF PHOTOGRAPHS WHERE THE SOURCE HAS BEEN IMPOSSIBLE TO TRACE. ALTHOUGH WE CHECK THE CONTENT AND SUITABILITY OF THE WEB SITES FEATURED OR REFERRED TO IN OUR MAGAZINES AT THE TIME OF GOING TO PRESS, WE ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY CHANGES WHICH MAY HAVE OCCURRED SINCE, AS THESE WEB SITES ARE IN NO WAY ASSOCIATED WITH ELI. ELI srl, C.P. 6, 62019 Recanati, Tel. (071) 750701, Fax (071) 977851 Direttore responsabile: Lamberto Pigini.

Realizzazione testi: Liz Ferretti. Autorizzazione Trib. di Macerata N. 237 del 4 luglio 1984. Realizzazione: Realizzazione: Tecnostampa, Loreto © ELI Italy 2020

Have fun,

Contents 3 4 6 8 10 12 14

Teen People Millie Bobby Brown UK Today Fashion Futures Report Influencers A New Profession for a New Age Techno Express Esports – The Future of Sport Around the World Cool Music Festivals Culture and Society The Healing Power of Plants Playstation

Around the World

World Car Free Day 22 September is World Car Free Day – a day, launched in 2000 by the World Car-free Network (WCN), when people are encouraged to leave the car at home. What happens when we take cars off the road? Well, it means more freedom for many. For a start, it’s instantly safer for pedestrians* and cyclists, and we get to breathe less polluted air, although that should be our right* every day, not just one day a year! On 22 September roads around the world are closed to traffic, and in these new spaces we find children playing, and more people out walking and cycling. World Car Free Day opens our eyes to a safer, cleaner, quieter world without cars.

True or False

Glossary going on: (multi-word verb) happening healing: making something / someone well or healthy again pedestrian: person who walks (e.g. who isn’t travelling in a car) right: (here) moral or legal protection

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Liz

1. World Car Free Day has been celebrated for twenty years.

2. Car-free cities make life safer and better for pedestrians and cyclists.

3. Every city in the world closes its streets to traffic on 22 September.

4. Even though we know how damaging cars are, we are still dependent on them.

5. Life without cars is impossible.

True

False

Answers are on page 15

adjectives

Teen People

Millie Bobby Brown began her acting career when she was 9 years old, and quickly became famous. Let’s meet this interesting teenage star of film and TV.

Millie Bobby Brown

Passport

Name: Millie Bobby Brown Place and Date of Birth: Marbella, Spain, 19 February 2004 Profession: actor Distinguishing Marks: Millie stars in the TV series Stranger Things

Who is Millie Bobby Brown?

Millie was born in Andalusia, and grew up in England (in Bournemouth, on the south coast), Florida (Orlando), Canada (Vancouver), and California. She now lives in Los Angeles, but she’s never in one place for long because she travels so much for her work. Millie has lived in many parts of the world, but if you ask her where she feels most at home, she will answer Los Angeles.

Millie is the daughter of Kelly and Robert Brown, who are both British. They prefer to stay out of the public gaze* where possible, but they’ve supported their talented* daughter in her chosen career from the start.

They have three other children: Charley, Ava and Paige. Millie is the only one of the four who has gone into acting. In 2013, before she became a household name*, she got a part in a series called Once Upon a Time in Wonderland, where she played the young Alice in Wonderland. In 2014, she got a lead role in the thriller series, Intruders, and went on* to appear in several popular TV series, NCIS, Modern Family, and Grey’s Anatomy.

and in 2018 Time magazine included her in their list of the top 100 most influential people of the year. Millie’s life isn’t just about enjoying fame though, she’s also been using her influence for good. She is currently UNICEF’s youngest ambassador.

Career Building

Millie has continued to expand the range of her experience. She worked on the videogame The Sims 4, and in 2019 was in two films, Godzilla: King of the Monsters and The Thing About Jellyfish, adapted from the novel of the same name by Ali Benjamin.

Also in 2019, Millie became an ambassador for UEFA’s (Union of European Football Associations) Together #weplaystrong Success! campaign, which supports women’s and girl’s In 2016, Millie appeared in the hit* Netflix football. 2019 was a busy year for her! horror series, Stranger Things, where Millie has recently gone into film production she played Eleven. Her performance with a new mystery film, Enola Holmes, to was outstanding, and earned her many accolades*, including a nomination* for Best be released later this year, adapted from a novel by Nancy Springer. Millie stars as Actress at the Screen Actors Guild Awards, and Best Supporting Actress in the Primetime the main character, Enola, alongside Henry Cavill, Sam Claflin and Helena Bonham Emmy Awards. She, and the other young Carter. Who is Enola? The younger sister stars of Stranger Things, have won many of Sherlock Holmes of course! The film prizes, including the Screen Actors Guild was originally going to be released in the Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble* in a Drama Series, and Millie won cinema, but the coronavirus pandemic has made that impossible, and it will now be the Saturn Award for Best Younger Actor premiered on Netflix. on a Television Series. In 2018, the second series of Stranger Things came out, with more awards and nominations for the actors, Memorable Millie In Stranger Things, Millie plays an unusual as well as for the production team, for the writing and directing, sound track and visual character, a girl known only by the number effects. Millie Bobby Brown has appeared in 11. Eleven has to be brave and inventive to a number of music videos, including Sigma’s save herself and her friends, and she has Find Me, featuring* Birdy. She has also done extraordinary powers. She’s pretty special! fashion shoots* for Calvin Klein and Moncler, Eleven doesn’t talk much, preferring to

communicate through facial expressions and gestures*. Millie has said in interviews that she learned a lot playing Eleven. “I like characters that are a bit strange, mysterious, and not easy to understand,” she says, “I find them really interesting and they suit me. I like discovering who they are.” Millie is best known as an actress, but she’s always loved singing. She has already started to write songs of her own and hopes to go on to study music. She planned to record and release a CD, but her father advised her to wait until her music was more developed. In the meantime, she has performed a number of raps on live TV.

Things You Might Not Know…

Millie was born with a problem with her hearing, and eventually completely lost the hearing in one ear, which is a challenge when working on film sets. Millie loves dogs. The family has an English Mastiff called Dolly, who Millie also calls Poppy.

Dolly has her own Instagram profile with thousands of followers! In fact, Millie loves dogs so much that she adopted a poodle called Winnie The Pooh, named after the famous children’s book character. Winnie is a special dog, trained as a support dog when Millie travels, to help her with anxiety and stress. The life of a famous young actress is not always as easy as it might seem from the outside.

Glossary gaze: look at something or someone for a long time talented: when you are good or skilled at something household name: well known by the general public went on: (multi-word verb) continued hit: (here) big success, very popular accolades: recognition of someone’s good work nomination: (here) add

someone to a list of people considered for a prize ensemble: group (from French) featuring: (here) performing as a guest fashion shoots: (here) professional photography session to promote clothes gestures: hand and body movements used to communicate

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UK Today

Fashion

Futures

you aren’t taking care of yourself. In fact,

What do we wear when there is good evidence that with more time on our hands*, we are listening to no one can see us? With our bodies more. We are not only wearing most of us spending a lot what we want, we are taking better care of time in our homes over of ourselves. the past months, not going Fashion – At a Distance out with friends or to The fashion industry has been hit hard by the global lockdown*. Shops have public places, we’ve had been shut, and with nowhere to go, a long time to wear what many people have not added to their wardrobes. Now, fashion industry leaders we want without anyone are wondering if this period of change judging* us. But will the could lead to new ways of thinking cultural changes of life under lockdown create a lasting* change in our relationship to clothes?

Comfort First

The answer to our first question is that, unsurprisingly, when we are not ‘on show’ we choose to wear loose, comfortable clothes. While we wait for life inside to become life outside, we are wearing leggings, wide trousers (or pants if you are in the US), loose T shirts, and sports clothes of all kinds. There’s not much point* in putting on your best clothes when only your family or house mates will see you.

But comfortable doesn’t have to mean

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about fashion. Perhaps, they say, this is a time to make fashion more sustainable*.

They think the future will be about cooperation, and greater transparency*.

We might one day know how our clothes were made, who by, and how. There is a chance to improve working conditions and reduce the environmental impact of our wardrobes, but that of course will depend on the choices we make as consumers.

The Way Forward

Research into current shopping trends* reveal that consumers are buying fewer items, but what they do buy is chosen to

future tense – idioms – language of fashion

Technology might also change our shopping habits. Augmented reality* can help us choose clothes without leaving our homes. What is augmented reality? You upload photos of yourself and the software helps you see what an item of clothing looks like on you without even trying it on.

In the future, we may have our own ‘shopping channels’, with brands and prices suited to us.

Our previous shopping habits and online searches will be used to create a new shopping experience.

We won’t have to rely only on the shops in our towns and cities, but will be able to buy from anywhere in the world. be worn many times, and is likely to be suitable for a wider range of seasons.

In fact, there are signs that consumers are becoming much more aware of sustainability. They no longer want lots of cheap throwaway* items but are building a ‘capsule* wardrobe’ – a much smaller collection of better quality items and accessories. By changing our relationship with clothes, we are changing our relationship with the planet.

The Wardrobe Review

The good news is that a smaller wardrobe means less pressure to spend as much on clothes. Time by ourselves

has given us time to think about who we are and what we want our lives to look like. We can take a step back*. We can look at the clothes we have, and decide what we want to keep and what we no longer need or want. Maybe it’s time to take some less loved items out of our cupboards and, depending on what you are allowed to do where you are, take them to the charity shop (thrift store if you are American), give them to friends, or sell them online. A review of your wardrobe can be a great way to release* the old, and welcome in the new you that you have got to know in the last few months.

What the Future Holds…

No one can predict what next year will look like, but we do know that we have a chance to change. This is an opportunity to rebuild and make things the way we want them to be. That doesn’t mean we will all be going around in our pyjamas from now on, or that life will be in monochrome*. In fact, many in the fashion industry believe that, when everyone is let out again, fashion will reflect the feeling of freedom, with bright colours and big eye-catching* designs, but maybe those clothes will be made in a different way, with natural fabrics and natural dyes*, with better working conditions for those making the clothes we wear... But that, of course, will be up to us.

Quiz On a scale of 1 to 10 where 1 means ‘totally disagree’, 5 means ‘neither agree nor disagree’, and 10 means ‘totally agree’, answer the following questions.

1. I like to follow fashion. .........

2. Comfort is the most important thing for me when choosing clothes. .........

3. I am happy with my wardrobe, there’s not much I want to change. .........

4. I am conscious of the environmental impact of my clothes. .........

5. My attitude to clothes and fashion has changed during the past year. .........

Find the verb for the definition.

1. describe what the future will look like .................................

2. form an opinion (often negative) about someone / something ..............................

3. make something better .................................

4. make something again, after it has been damaged or broken .................................

5. represent or show .................................

Answers are on page 15.

Glossary judging: having an opinion on something / someone lasting: that continues for a long time not much point: (idiom) no use (whatever you do, it will make no difference) time on our hands: (idiom) when you don’t have much to do lockdown: (here) order to stay indoors due to health crisis sustainable: that does not damage the natural world transparency: (here) when you do something in an honest way, without secrets trends: (here) general direction that something is going in

throwaway: (adjective) object designed to be used once or a few times only capsule: (here; figurative) small container take a step back: (idiom; here) give yourself the mental space to think about something release: (here) become free of monochrome: black and white, or of a single colour eye-catching: (figurative) that you notice immediately dye: chemical (natural or man-made) used to add colour to fabric augmented reality: technology that adds a computer-generated image to your view of the real world

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Report

Influencers – A New

Profession for a New Age

The influencer is a recent profession that has grown out of social media and the advertising industry. What is an influencer? And how do you become one? Let’s find out.

Most of us grow up with at least one person asking us what we want to be when we grow up. If that’s happened to you, then you might have answered vet, doctor, actor, teacher, scientist… traditional jobs in the real world, but as social media evolves, new career opportunities are opening up. One of those is ‘the influencer’. This English word influencer means someone who has influence over other people, or rather, the power to change the opinions, actions or beliefs of others. Influencers often become famous via the internet and social media. Unlike actors, singers or entertainers who have to appear on

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stage, in films or on TV, or perform concerts in order to become successful, influencers generally get famous by sitting at home in front of their computers, making the most of the power of social media to enter the lives of their fans in the global digital community. How do influencers get so much… influence? They develop a personal brand* by posting* photos, videos, and content all designed to promote* a certain lifestyle, that fans are encouraged to identify with, or aspire* to. Some influencers talk about politics or the environment, or make comments about society, others focus on the latest fashions, tech gadgets* and video games.

Influencers come in all shapes and sizes. Where there is an audience, there is an influencer!

The World of the Influencer

Influencers can be bloggers*, video makers, photographers, content creators, YouTubers, Instagrammers... And these can further be divided into sub categories. There are food influencers who talk about recipes and restaurants, beauty influencers who give beauty and make-up tips, design influencers who discuss new design ideas, travel influencers who share their love of travel… the list goes on. What they have in common, though, is that they all post content regularly on their channels, websites, social media, and blogs, and they spend time interacting with the people who are interested in what they are posting, their followers.

Influencers provide content that people want,

present perfect – language of marketing and social media

It’s important to remember that these influencers, whose lives appear so perfect, who seem so enthusiastic about what they’re telling us, don’t interact with us because they want to be our friends. They get rich through these interactions with us. Whoever we follow on social media, we shouldn’t forget that influencers curate* every single detail of their online lives to make them appealing.

and they are often pretty knowledgeable about their chosen subject. They find creative ways to maintain the interest of their audience, and end up becoming thought* and trend leaders* in their specialist areas. That sounds easy! All you have to do is put up a bit of interesting content, a nice photo or two, and you’ll automatically get loads of followers… but is it really that simple? Let’s find out.

The Life of the Influencer

Like most things in life, it’s harder than it looks becoming, and above all remaining, a successful influencer. In order to be successful, you need to develop a proper communication strategy. First of all, you have to choose a topic to discuss, and create the right type of content to go with it (photos, images, quotes, quizzes, tips, and videos). Next, you need to build your content (taking photos, writing articles, recording videos, organising live stream* events), and decide on the time and day of the week to post to reach the widest

audience. The aim is to build engagement – i.e. likes, comments, discussions. In fact, while influencers like to appear natural and spontaneous, that’s often why we like them after all, a lot of planning and thought goes into every post, photo or video. When you have got your content and timing sorted, you then have to choose your hashtags* and key words, and find ways to get your voice heard above the thousands of other people doing the same thing as you!

Making A Fortune

How do influencers make money? Well, they don’t usually earn money per click* or per view, it’s more about the size of their audience, and the level of engagement* they get from their fans. That is what makes brands and manufacturers interested in them. Here’s an example. Let’s imagine a luxury watch brand wants to grow its share of the market, and has decided it wants more young people to buy its watches. What’s the best way for them to reach their target audience*? The quickest way is to make use of the audiences already created by popular influencers, who have thousands, and sometimes millions, of followers. But even then it’s not simple. The influencer’s audience has to match the brand’s target audience. In this case, the brand will look for a style or fashion influencer. Once they’ve found the right person, the brand can negotiate a marketing contract with them, paying them to promote

Write a definition of the following social media terms.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

influencer: …………………………………………………………………………................................... fashion blogger: ………………………………………………………………………….......................... follower: …………………………………………………………………………....................................... engagement: …………………………………………………………………………............................... like: …………………………………………………………………………...............................................

YouTuber: …………………………………………………………………………....................................

Which influencers do you follow on social media?

What do they talk about?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

…………………………………………………………………………........................................................ …………………………………………………………………………........................................................ …………………………………………………………………………........................................................ …………………………………………………………………………........................................................ …………………………………………………………………………........................................................

Answers are on page 15

Pop star Selena Gomez is one of the biggest influencers on Instagram currently. She has around 140 million followers, and earns an average of $800,000 per post. She has a marketing deal with sportswear brand, Puma. After Selena Gomez comes Cristiano Ronaldo, with 113 million followers. Each of his posts earns him on average $720,000. In third position is singer and actress, Beyoncé, with 115 million followers, and $700,000 per post. their product simply by wearing it or by talking about it. Basically, the brand advertises its products using the popularity of the influencer.

How much do influencers earn? Once again, making money from social media is not straightforward*. It is hard to even start to earn money as an influencer. Once you have crossed that hurdle*, then earnings can range from $200 per post, to hundreds of thousands for the small number of the world’s top influencers.

How did we get here?

The influencer was born in early internet discussion forums during the 1990s. Forums were places where people could exchange opinions on the topics of the day. In 1997, the first blog site was launched, creating a new space for discussing products or services.

For example, a user who had bought a new computer would review it, discussing the pros and cons of the new model. Studies at the time showed that these types of informal discussions were influencing people’s purchasing decisions.

Those with the strongest and most engaging personalities, or the most knowledge, started to get paid to sponsor products in their blogs.

The Blogstar Network, launched in 2004 by Ted Murphy, invited bloggers to receive paid offers to review products and services. Blogstar is generally seen as a major step towards the development of the influencer.

Glossary brand: product with recognised name post: (here) put something (photo, video clip…) online promote: (here) encourage someone to follow aspire to: want, be ambitious for tech gadget: device using the latest technology, e.g. smartphone blogger: person who regularly writes on a website/ web page; the writing style is informal thought leader: person whose opinion is respected, and who often has influence with their audience trend leader: person at the head of a new fashion or

way of thinking live stream: live show, given over the internet hashtags: word or phrase that starts with # – separates particular topics click: (here) press your mouse or mouse pad to select something engagement: total public shares, likes, comments on a social media post target audience: the people you want to speak to / influence straightforward: simple, easy hurdle: difficulty to overcome curate: (here – transitive verb) carefully manage

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Techno Express

Esports –

The Future of Sport It’s too soon to tell whether or not esports champions will become household names in the same way as physical sports champions, but many in the gaming industry believe there’s a good future for esports.

Let’s find out more.

What is esport?

Esport – pronounced ‘ee-sport’ – is competitive gaming. It is huge in Asia, particularly in South Korea and China, and is growing fast in other parts of the world. It’s attracting more players, also known as gamers, and as technology improves, competitions are attracting bigger audiences. For the gaming industry that means one thing – more money from advertisers. Non-gaming brands now support teams and individual players, and total prize money* is worth millions of dollars for the most popular tournaments*.

Esport – What’s it all about?

Most of the popular esports are multiplayer online video games with war or survival settings. You might fight off a zombie invasion*, work in a team of four to defeat an enemy, or simply try to survive against many opponents. These games might be played by individuals or by teams working together but remotely*, and tournaments have attracted big crowds of spectators* both in real life and remotely. Of course, the vast majority of gamers play at home for enjoyment, but the number of professional players is growing. And it’s not just about fighting and war games, Formula 1 Esports is a new professional esports programme that is getting a lot of attention.

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Technological and Psychological Test

One of the exciting things about esports is that a whole world is opened up for you without the need to travel anywhere physically.

You can team up with friends, or you make new friends all over the world, and play together as a team. The problem here is matching the speed of your internet and your hardware – winning or losing a Formula 1 E race can be a matter of milliseconds – and working as a team at a distance can be a challenge if there is a time lag*.

In fact, the issue of speed is so important that in pre-lockdown* competitions where players were physically present, they often played over a LAN (local area network), which reduced time-lag problems, and allowed higher quality streaming.

The challenges are not only about the technology. Teams who work together well are at a real advantage, but whether you are playing individually or as a team, esports are a test of nerve*, of quick thinking, of strategy, and of super-fast reactions, and they require lots of practice…

present tense simple and continuous – language of technology and gaming

There’s been concern about the amount of violence in gaming.

It’s also male-dominated (85% of participants currently are male), and it has a reputation for sexism and misogyny*.

However, with diversification into F1, and more young women taking part in gaming generally, that seems likely to change.

Esports in the Olympics? It’s not as crazy as it might sound. The possibility of adding esports in future Olympics is being discussed seriously. And you might be interested to know that the next Olympic Games in Tokyo (postponed for now) is hosting an international esports championship. This will take place just before the Tokyo Olympics start.

How do you train for esports?

Italian, David Tonizza, is the 2019 F1 esports champion. He says that training as an individual driver and as part of a team in esport is not so different from training for a physical sport, although esports present additional challenges. If you are training for physical sport you are limited by what your body can do.

You couldn’t train for more than ten hours a day over a long period without

damaging your body, for example. But, says David, with esports it is possible to train for many hours every day, and without a break. Whether that is desirable* is a different matter.

The Training Programme

The more you train the better and faster you get, but sitting in a chair all day watching a screen is not what our bodies are designed to do. Not looking after your physical and mental wellbeing* can have a negative impact on your performance, as well as on your life. That’s why, according to David Tonizza, the top teams set up a training

True or false?

1. Esports are always based on real-life sports.

2. You can play esports as an individual or as part of a team.

3. Esports require a special internet network called a LAN. 4. Professional gamers might train for more hours a day than a physical sportsman or woman.

5. Diet is an important aspect of training for F1 esport.

6. Esports tournaments are only for boys and men.

7. From this year, esports are officially included in the Olympic Games.

8. You can only enjoy esports if you are a professional.

True

False

Do you like the idea of becoming a professional gamer? If so, what game would you choose? If not, why not? ……………………………………………………….....................…………...............................................… ……………………………………………………….....................…………...............................................…

Answers are on page 15.

programme that not only includes practice and watching playbacks* to review performance, but also adds in physical and mental training away from the screen, as well as careful planning of diet. Just like top athletes, esports champions have a diet specially designed to keep them healthy.

What’s David Tonizza’s message?

While some gamers are able to make a career from their passion, and the top few earn a lot of money, staying at the top requires total dedication. Like all top sports people, you need to be able to stand* the pressure, never stop training, and learn to cope with the physical and mental demands of the sport. In the end, David believes gaming has to be about enjoyment, and playing with a group of friends, whether or not you have met in real life, or will ever meet, can be a lot of fun.

Glossary prize money: money offered for the winners of a competition tournaments: competition between several people, to decide a winner invasion: army (or zombies!) coming into a country that is not their own (often with aggressive intent) remotely: at a distance, often using the internet spectators: audience, people who watch a show or competition etc. time lag: period of time between two things, e.g. (here) hitting a button on your computer and the result

appearing on the screen in front of you pre-lockdown: before the time of controls to slow the spread of Covid-19 nerve: courage shown in a difficult situation desirable: (here) a good idea, something that you would choose wellbeing: good health playbacks: watching recordings (here of gaming performance) stand: (here) withstand, survive, tolerate misogyny: prejudice against women, by individuals and societies

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Around the World

Music Festivals

Do you like music? What are your favourite musical genres*? Have you ever been to a music festival? Here, we pick some of the coolest festivals from around the world. Let’s have a look at them together.

The Most Magical different traditions from around the END OF THE ROAD, world? Well, if you don’t already know WILTSHIRE, ENGLAND End of the Road, you really should check 3–6 September it out*! This festival is held annually in the Do you like the retro* look? Do you listen to folk, indie rock, and music from

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magical setting* of Larmer Tree Gardens, near the village of Tollard Royal in the

south of Wiltshire. These magnificent gardens are home to peacocks* and colourful, long-tailed parrots, called macaws. The festival, founded in 2006, has seen a lot of exciting performers, including Beirut, Metronomy and Michael Kiwanuka. It’s a small festival, with stages only a few minutes’ walk away from each other. In addition to the main stages, there are performance areas hidden in the woods, as well as a disco, and vintage* dance floor.

sub clauses and connecting phrases – adjectives

If you like modern classical music, you would enjoy Milano Festival, a twomonth celebration of contemporary classical music in the concert venues of the northern Italian city of Milan, including the city’s most famous opera house, La Scala. If you want something more experimental, you could try Spring Attitude, held during October in Rome, which is all about the latest pop music trends.

In France, the Elektric Park Festival is set on the picturesque island of Chatou, in the Seine, just outside the centre of Paris. The island is also known as the island of the Impressionists, for its association with that artistic movement. This festival is all about EDM – electronic dance music – and you can experience a huge range of styles and DJ sets* at this festival.

The Most Spectacular LIFE IS BEAUTIFUL, LAS VEGAS, USA 18–20 September

This festival is set in downtown* Las Vegas, and in keeping with the reputation of its host city, is a lavish* spectacle of music, art, food and ideas. Over three days, the festival hosts artists such as Chance the Rapper, The Black Keys, and Vampire Weekend. Life is Beautiful doesn’t focus on one style of music but hosts an eclectic* mix for you to discover, as well as street food from around the world. You can get all-inclusive tickets with access to the festival and hotel accommodation that will make your experience unforgettable. One of the hotels is built around an enormous aquarium with sharks swimming in it.

The Most Arty* NOVA BATIDA, LISBON, PORTUGAL Autumn

Nova Batida is one of the top festivals for electronic music. Its host city, Lisbon, is a wonderful place to visit, and the festival is a great addition to this backdrop*, with sets* created by artists such as Jon Hopkins, and Floating Points. This is a festival of hip-hop, soul, funk, drum and bass, and culture in general. As part of the festival you can visit Lisbon’s amazing museums and art galleries. In addition to live music, there are surf lessons, beach parties and street artists, and Portuguese cuisine to try out. Nova Batida is an exciting combination of music and culture in a great setting.

Match

The Most Experimental UNSOUND, KRACOW, POLAND 4–11 October

Unsound is the leading festival of underground and experimental music.

Every year, the festival focusses on a central theme. Past themes have included Surprise, Dislocation, Presence, and Solidarity. The concerts, varied entertainment in Kracow’s many bars, film showings, and works of art on display, all explore the year’s theme. Kracow is a great city to explore, with wonderful architecture, galleries and museums.

The Most Hippy* MOGA FESTIVAL, ESSAOUIRA, MOROCCO 9 –11 October 2020

This festival is held in Essaouira, on Morocco’s Atlantic coast, an ancient site with UNESCO World Heritage status. This city, with its amazing battlements*, is close to miles of sandy beaches, and inspired musicians such as Cat Stevens, Frank Zappa, and Jimmy Hendrix.

Today, it hosts the Moga Festival of new electronic and tech-house music. The festival is held in a five-star, luxury beach hotel resort not far from this incredible Moroccan city.

1.

Nova Batida

a. United States of America

2.

Unsound

b. Italy

Glossary

3.

Life is Beautiful

c. Poland

4.

End of the Road

d. England

5.

Moga Festival

e. Portugal

6.

Spring Attitude

f. Morocco

genres: styles retro: nostalgic fashion, based on the recent past check it out: (multi-word verb) find out about, look into setting: location downtown: (US English) central business and commercial part of a city / town lavish: extravagant, spectacular eclectic: (adjective) varied, diverse arty: (here) with a focus on

Over to you...

Which music festival would you most like to experience? Why? …………………………………………………………………………...............................................................

Answers are on page 15.

art and artists backdrop: background, (from theatre = painted scene behind a stage) sets: objects and decoration used to create a particular effect / atmosphere on a stage hippy: (here; from 1960s) person who rejects mainstream culture battlements: walls built to defend a castle or town DJ sets: performances by DJs playing and mixing prerecorded music

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Culture and Society

The Healing Power of Plants *

Whether you have a windowsill, a balcony, a garden, or have a park, woodland, or the countryside nearby, bringing plants into your life can be good for your health and general wellbeing. In this article, we look at some common plants used as traditional remedies*, and encourage you to grow your own.

Natural Healers

We are all aware by now of just how important plants and trees are to the health of our planet. They provide oxygen for us to breathe, give us shade* in the summer, and that’s before we look at the fruit, vegetables, grains and flowers they produce. Take some time to think about the impact of plants in your life, you might be surprised, even if you live in an urban environment. Plants and trees are good for our wellbeing. They are still and quiet in a busy world; their green leaves, soft shapes and colourful flowers can be soothing* in the hard edges of our towns and cities; and

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they are home to many insects and birds. Next time you go for a walk, take time to notice the plants and trees around you. There are some great plant recognition apps you can download on your mobile phone to help you, if you don’t know the name of a particular plant.

Herbal Remedies

Some plants have a long history of use as a remedy for common ailments*. In many European cultures, there is a tradition of drinking herbal teas such as camomile, or lime-blossom, peppermint and fennel*. In India, you will find teas made with ginger*, cloves*, and other aromatic* spices. These are soothing teas, said to have a calming, cleansing or refreshing effect, without the caffeine of coffee or tea.

Essential Oils

Other plants and herbs are available as essential oils. These are used as part of aromatherapy, in massage oils, and to make our homes smell good.

Aromatherapy is a complementary therapy* used to help improve mental and physical wellbeing. It is a growing area of interest in medical research, and is used within the British National Health Service as part of the care given to patients, particularly those with long-term conditions. While, it is not a replacement for medical care, there is evidence that essential oils can help people suffering from dementia, increasing their sense of wellbeing, and providing relaxation, particularly lemon

giving advice – language of medicine and wellbeing

There are hundreds of thousands of plant species on land, but there is more plant life in our oceans. In fact 85% of all plant life is found in the oceans in the form of plants such as seaweed, seagrass, algae and phytoplankton – microscopic plants which produce up to half of the oxygen we breathe!

balm* and lavender*. You don’t have to be ill to enjoy the scent of essential oils. There are lots to choose from depending on your preferences, and how you are feeling on the day.

Green Your Life

There are many ways to bring the energy of plants into your life. You can simply notice them more when you are out, if you

are in your garden, or you can look after your own plants – something that more and more people are choosing to do. It’s a great feeling to sow some seeds, watch them germinate, and then grow into individual plants. And it’s not hard to do, even if you don’t have any outdoor space. All you need is a pot or two (and you can even make your own containers from things you find around the house, such as old plastic containers – you just need to make sure there are holes in the bottom so the plants don’t get too wet when you water them), some seeds, compost, sunlight and water, and some patience!

Herbs are a good place to start if you are not used to growing your own plants. Rosemary and sage, oregano, parsley, basil and mint are great companions on a balcony, patio or even on a sunny windowsill. There’s a lot of satisfaction in using your own herbs for cooking, too. You can even grow some salad plants, and plants such as chillis, during the autumn and winter. Look on the internet to find out which ones are suitable.

The Never-Ending Story

Europeans had to wait until explorers reached South America to discover many popular fruit and vegetables. Avocado, squash, peanuts, corn, tomatoes, and vanilla originate in Mexico and Central America, while South America was also home to potatoes, sweet potatoes and pineapples.

How much do you know about fruit and veg? Answer the questions below.

1. Which is the only fruit to have its seeds on the outside? ..........................................................................................................................................

2. Which yellow fruit, grown in the tropics, help makes us happy? ..........................................................................................................................................

3. Which vegetable contains small amounts of sulphuric acid, which makes you cry when you cut them? ..........................................................................................................................................

4. Raspberries, apples, pears, blackberries, and cherries are all members of which family, better known for its large red or pink flowers? ..........................................................................................................................................

5. Which nut grows under ground, and is related to lentils and soya beans? ..........................................................................................................................................

6. Which salad vegetable is 96% water? ..........................................................................................................................................

Which is your favourite vegetable or fruit? What do you like about them? ................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................

Answers are on page 15.

Plants and humans have been connected throughout the history of our species.

Plants give us the food we need to survive, and some of our medicines. Did you know that over 120 medicines used around the world are derived from plants? One example is aspirin for pain relief, which is made from a type of willow tree*. While the colours they provide – trees in the autumn, or spring and summer flowers – and the shade they give on a hot day, add to our lives. Do you like cooking with herbs? Do you like the idea of eating vegetables and fruit that you have grown yourself? Then maybe you can have a go?

There’s plenty of information online.

You will find some good advice that’s easy to follow here: https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice

Glossary healing: that makes you well / feel better remedies: treatment for disease or health problem shade: area out of the direct light of sun, e.g. under a tree soothing: calming, ailments: illness (often less serious) camomile, lime-blossom, peppermint, fennel: flowers, leaves, seeds from different plants, used to make tea ginger: strong-flavoured root, often used in Chinese cooking

cloves: black spice (the dried flower of a tropical plant) aromatic: with a strong flavour or smell complementary therapy: medicines and treatments that are not part of mainstream medicine, e.g. herbal remedies, acupuncture, aromatherapy lemon balm: green herb with a lemony flavour lavender: plant with blue-purple flowers, and a distinctive perfume willow: type of tree (often grows near fresh water)

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Playstation

Put the verbs in brackets into the simple past, present perfect, or present tense.

Martina is an environmentalist and influencer. Here, she tells us about some of the techniques she uses on Instagram to promote her content.

1. .............................................. (share) the content of other influencers who may be more famous than me. This links my brand and social media to theirs and helps me get better known.

2. A few weeks before I launched my energy-saving app, I told my followers I was working on an exciting new project and that’s how I .............................................. (build up) interest in the app even before it was available.

3. I .............................................. (run) weekly live Instagram events for my followers. These discussions .............................................. (become) a big part of the week, and are a good way to build a strong online community.

4. I .............................................. (include) a direct link to my app in all my posts, so that anyone can buy it with one or two clicks.

5. After launching my energy-saving app, I .............................................. (post) tutorials on IGTV (Instagram TV). These .............................................. (show) people how get the most out of the app.

6. Since day one on social media, I .............................................. (interact) directly with my followers. Now, I .............................................. (encourage) engagement by asking their opinion and making sure I respond to their questions.

Have you read the article on Millie Bobby Brown?

Complete the table.

Where was Millie born? .......................................................................................................

Where does she live? .............................................................................................................

What made her famous? ...................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................

What awards has she been given? .................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................

What does she like? ................................................................................................................ ..........................................................................................................................................................

What’s not so easy about her life? .................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................

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Can you remember what these plants (including their seeds, flowers or roots) are used for, from our article on the healing power of plants?

1. Lavender ..................................................................................

2. Willow

..................................................................................

3. Ginger

..................................................................................

4. Mint

..................................................................................

5. Lemon balm ..................................................................................

6. Rosemary ..................................................................................

Match each gaming acronym with the correct definition 1.

RTS (Real Time Strategy) Fighting Game (or its variation Beat ‘em up) 3.

FPS or First-Person Shooter 2.

MMO 4.

(Massively Multiplayer Online) MOBA 5.

(Multiplayer Online Battle Arena) RPG 6.

(Role-Playing Game)

A. In this kind of action game you have a weapon – often a gun – and the player experiences the action through the eyes of the character in the game, or from behind them. The action consists in fighting your opponents or enemies.

B. An online game that hosts hundreds and sometimes thousands of gamers on one server.

You play with gamers around the world, and you can choose to cooperate with them or compete against them.

C. In this type of game you control a single member of a larger team, often made up of five people. You work with your team to defeat the opposing team. Often the aim of the game is to destroy your opponent’s base.

D. These games are set in a fictional world. Each player chooses a character and plays as that character. Each character goes on a fictional journey, learning new skills along the way. There is often a mystery to solve, or something to search for.

E. In these games your character has to fight and beat another character, using a combination of moves controlled through the computer keyboard or a special piece of gaming equipment called a joystick. You may have many fights, but usually only fight one opponent at a time.

F. In this genre of game, the setting is usually a map seen from above, with buildings and other landscape features. Players play one at a time, so you might have to wait until it is your turn, but that gives you time to think about your strategy.

The answers are at the bottom of this page.

Answers P. 2 T/F: 1T, 2T, 3F, 4T, 5F. P. 4-5 Quiz. own answers. Find the verb for the definition. 1 predict, 2 judge, 3 improve, 4 rebuild, 5 reflect. P. 6-7 Write a definition of the following social media terms. 1 person who can change the opinions and behaviour of other people, 2 person who writes regularly about fashion on a website (or webpage), 3 person who subscribes to / follows a particular social media account, 4 people who react (with a like, comment or share) to a post on social media, 5 when you click the ‘like’ reaction to a post on social media, 6 person who regularly posts on their own YouTube channel, often focussing on one topic/specialism. Which influencers do you follow on social media?

What do they talk about? Own answers. P. 8-9 True or false? 1F, 2T, 3F, 4T, 5T,6F, 7F, 8F. Do you like the idea of becoming a professional gamer? If so, what game would you choose? If not, why not? Own answers.

P. 10-11 Match. 1e, 2c, 3a, 4d, 5f, 6b Over to you... Own answer. P. 12-13 How much do you know about fruit and veg? Answer the questions below. 1 strawberry, 2 banana, 3 onion, 4 rose, 5 peanut, 6 lettuce / cucumber.

Which is your favourite vegetable or fruit to eat? What do you like about them? Own answers. P. 14-15: Put the verbs in brackets into the simple past, present perfect, or present tense. 1 share, 2 built up, 3 run, have become, 4 include, 5 posted, show (showed is possible), 6 have interacted, encourage. Have you read the article on Millie Bobby Brown? Where was Millie born? Andalucia, Spain. Where does she live? Los Angeles is where she calls home, but she travels a lot for her work. What made her famous? Her role as Eleven in the popular Netflix series “Stranger Things”. What awards has she been given? Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series, and the Saturn Award for Best Younger Actor on a Television Series. What does she like? She likes playing characters that are a bit strange, mysterious, and not easy to understand. She loves singing, and she loves dogs. What’s not so easy about her life? She is deaf in one ear which can cause problems on set. She has anxiety and suffers from stress – the life of a famous young actress is not always easy. Can you remember what these plants (including their seeds, flowers or roots) are used for, from our article on the healing power of plants? 1 essential oil for aromatherapy (calming), 2 aspirin / pain relief, 3 herbal tea, 4 herbal tea, 5 essential oil for aromatherapy (calming), 6 as a herb in cooking. Match each gaming acronym with the correct definition. A3, B4, C5, D6, E2, F1.

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