TEEN_1_20182019

Your English Monthly

TEEN

B2/C1

1

®

Year XXXIX - N. 1 - September / October 2018 - Imprimé à Taxe Réduite

Teen People

Saoirse Ronan

Report

Discovering Britain

Tackling Food Waste – A Global Problem

Regeneration www.elimagazines.com

Find TEEN online (see page 2 for details)

Welcome Welcome to a new issue of your English-language Teen magazine. This time we meet some talented young people who are taking the world by storm*. We visit some of the old industrial heartlands of the UK, and find out how to stay active in a digital age. We think about some solutions to food waste – one of the biggest challenges currently facing us, and along the way, we’ve got plenty of fun activities to help your learning.

N. 1 - September/October 2018 Common European Framework Intermediate Level (B2–C1) In this issue look out for: - present perfect and simple past - reported speech - multi-word verbs - passive constructions - adjectives describing personality - language of bullying; city planning; and hobbies - ‘strange’ and its synonyms

Audio A subscription to the magazine allows you to download for free, in MP3 format, the audio of all the magazines in the resources section of our website www.elimagazines.com. You can do this by inserting the access code found in each issue of the magazine.

Teacher’s guide For teachers, the subscription to the magazine allows you to download for free the audio material in MP3 format, as well as the teacher’s guide for all* the magazines available in PDF format. The teacher must first register in the teachers’ resources section on our website www. elimagazines.com Access Code: 0004 7000 0010 NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS OR FOR ANY PURPOSES WITHOUT PRIOR PERMISSION. THE PUBLISHER IS PREPARED TO MAKE PAYMENT FOR ANY COPYRIGHT OF PHOTOGRAPHS WHERE THE SOURCE HAS BEEN IMPOSSIBLE TO TRACE. ALTHOUGH WE CHECK THE CONTENT AND SUITABILITY OF THE WEB SITES FEATURED OR REFERRED TO IN OUR MAGAZINES AT THE TIME OF GOING TO PRESS, WE ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY CHANGES WHICH MAY HAVE OCCURRED SINCE, AS THESE WEB SITES ARE IN NO WAY ASSOCIATED WITH ELI. ELI srl, C.P. 6, 62019 Recanati, Tel. (071) 750701, Fax (071) 977851 Direttore responsabile: Lamberto Pigini.

Realizzazione testi: Liz Ferretti. Autorizzazione Trib. di Macerata N. 237 del 4 luglio 1984. Realizzazione: Realizzazione: Tecnostampa, Loreto © ELI Italy 2018

Glossary take the world by storm: (idiom) become very popular very fast extinct: that no longer exists (of a species), i.e. there are none left on Earth threaten: risk, face the danger of

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Liz

Contents 3 4 6 8 10 12 14

Teen People Saoirse Ronan Discovering Britain Regeneration Report Tackling Food Waste – A Global Problem Faces of Britain Millie Bobby Brown Around the World Being Human Culture and Society Yum! Food Festivals Around the UK Playstation

Around the World On 22 September the world marks World Rhino Day. The World Wildlife Fund in South Africa started this event in 2010 to focus attention on the five remaining species of rhino alive on our planet – two in Africa and three in Asia. Around 60 million years ago, there were at least 30 different species of rhino, but most of those are now extinct*.

The remaining are the White Rhino, the Black Rhino, the Greater One Horned or Indian Rhino, the Sumatran Rhino and the Javan Rhino.

But now these species are also threatened* with extinction. Individuals and organisations, NGOs and zoos all over the world take part in World Rhino Day. You can follow what is happening and get involved using the #worldrhinoday hashtag.

What do we need to keep rhinos alive on our planet?

Above all, we need to protect their natural habitat.

World Rhino Day

© ®

True or False 1. On World Rhino Day we learn about rhino species that have gone from the Earth.

2. There are five species of rhino alive on Earth today.

3. Three rhino species live in Asia.

4. Millions of years ago there were 30 rhinos alive on the planet.

5. World Rhino Day is an important day for environmental awareness around the world.

6. World Rhino Day reminds us to give space to other life on our planet.

True

False

Answers are on page 15.

adjectives describing personality

Teen People

Passport Name: Saoirse Family Name: Ronan Place and date of birth: New York, 12 April 1994 Profession: stage and cinema actress Disitnguishing marks: her ability to create emotionally intense characters

Saoirse Ronan

Saoirse Ronan was only 13 years old when she got her first Oscar nomination for her role in Atonement. Her second Os car nomination came at 21 for Brooklyn. Now, at 23 she’s won her first Golden Globe as Best Actress, for Lady Bird.

This Irish American actress looks all set for* a glittering* career. Let’s find out more about her. deals with such a universal theme. Together we managed to appeal* to audiences of all ages and all nationalities with this film. I still can’t quite believe how much this film has given me”.

Saoirse on Screen and in Real Life

Her name is traditional Irish Gaelic. It looks difficult to pronounce, but is actually quite easy – it’s “sur–sha”. She was born in New York to Irish parents. She grew up in Ireland but returned to the US to work. Her father is an actor and loved taking his daughter on to the sets* where he was working and of course, Saoirse fell in love with acting.

She began her acting career at the age of 12, appearing in an Irish TV series. She left school when she was still young, but didn’t stop studying. Acting helped open up a whole new world. She met lots of actors, directors and read literature and new scripts.

Saoirse is best known for her work on TV and in film, but she is also a stage actor, appearing in Chekov’s The Seagull. Saoirse is still friendly and approachable in spite of all the fame. She loves Disney films and speaks to her mother via videolink almost every day. They have a warm, open relationship.

Saoirse loves living in the US, but she also misses her home country of Ireland.

Who is Saoirse

With getting that many accolades* and that much fame so early on in life, you might think that Saoirse is super confident.

The truth is a little more complex. Saoirse has admitted that she doesn’t like watching her films after they have been released, and that she suffers from anxiety. Saoirse smiles a lot and is relatively conventional.

She loves spending time with her friends and family. In real life, she’s the complete opposite of the character she plays in the hit film Lady Bird. “I do understand why my contemporaries want to rebel,” she says, “they feel forced into a way of life they don’t want. But I’ve always been lucky. I’m doing something I’ve always wanted to do.

I started acting when I was young and had the support of my parents to do that.”

Dreams of the Future

A Talented Actor

All the directors she’s worked with talk about how talented she is, some say she’s a real genius. She’s often compared to Meryl Streep and Saoirse is more than happy with that.

“Meryl Streep and Cate Blanchett have had a huge impact* on screen acting,” Saoirse says, “They are so adaptable, taking on very different roles and working in very different genres of film. I aim to step outside of myself when I’m acting,” she adds. That might be why she is able to create such convincing* on-screen characters, and might be what makes her such a great actor.

Lady Bird

Lady Bird is an American comedy drama, which has been described as a magical portrait of adolescence. Saoirse plays Christine MacPherson, who insists on being called Lady Bird. She is a troubled, unhappy teenager, who wants to move away from her isolated home to a city where there is more ‘culture’ and more for a young person to do. In the film we see her first loves, watch her find her own path, and struggle in her relationship with her mother, who wants something different for her daughter and believes she doesn’t appreciate what she does have. In the end Christine does find a way to leave her home, but she understands what she put her parents through and calls to apologise to them.

“I owe so much to the director of the film, Greta Gerwig,” explains Saoirse, “Lady Bird

After the international success of Lady Bird, Saoirse starred in two more films – On Chesil Beach, adapted from another novel by Ian McEwan, and Mary Queen of Scots, where she plays Mary. Saoirse has a wonderful future ahead of her. Although we can’t know exactly what shape her future will take, there’s one thing for certain – she’ll always continue appearing on stage. “My father always told me that a cinema star is never fully rounded unless they alternate a film role with time on stage,” she says.

She loves acting but has said she’d like to direct films one day. “I wanted to be a film director even before I began acting,” she says, “and sooner or later I am sure I will.

Watching Greta [Gerwig, the Director of Lady Bird] convinced me that is what I want to do.

There are still so few women directors and we need more of them. Do I also want to write?

I’m not sure. I have a friend who’s a writer, and another who is a producer, maybe one day we will all work together on a project. I prefer to work with people who I can rely on, friends who support each other, where their motivation isn’t only all about money.”

Glossary set for: (multi-word verb) ready for, has built the foundation for glittering: (literally = shining) incredibly successful set: (here) the physical space where actors and crew film parts of a film accolades: praise, prizes and awards impact: when you have a strong effect on something/someone convincing: that you can easily believe in appeal: (here) that people find interesting

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Discovering Britain

simple past and present perfect contrasted; vocabulary of architecture and city planning; prefix ‘re’

The Midlands and north of England were once the powerhouses* of the industrial revolution that changed the world. But the coal mines* are shut, the great industries of the past have closed and production moved to other parts of the world. So, what’s happened to these once-great* manufacturing cities?

Regeneration The centre of Brimingham, with the new Birmingham Pulbic Library on the right.

Reinventing* the City

When the coal mines closed, and the huge factories and mills* went silent, whole communities lost their jobs, and large parts of the country went into serious decline*. The post-industrial landscape was a depressing place in the 1960s and 1970s, but now, half a century later, these cities have reinvented themselves, some more successfully than others, as IT hubs or financial and legal centres, with vibrant* communities and iconic architecture. Let’s take a tour.

Leeds

Leeds was a small market town in the far west of the northern English county of Yorkshire, until wool made it rich in the 17th and 18th centuries. Its importance as a centre for selling wool made it the most logical place to build the big mills that made cloth to export around the British Empire during the 19th century. Today, many of the old mills

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The redeveloped dock area of Liverpool.

and warehouses have been converted into offices and flats, restaurants and bars. Now, instead of the sound of the great steam-powered looms*, the streets are filled with the voices of people going about their business or enjoying life with their friends.

At the heart of Leeds is a network of canals.

These are man-made ‘rivers’ that were used across England to transport goods, like our motorways today, except they used horse-powered and later steam-powered canal boats and not lorries. One of the best improvements to Leeds city centre is the cleaning up and restoring of the old canals. It’s a great place to hang out* in your lunch break or in the evening with friends.

Today Leeds is the largest legal and financial centre in England outside London. It has a strong economy and growing employment. If you’re into culture, then the city has plenty of interesting museums, it’s famous for the Leeds Armouries (arms and armour from around the world), modern art galleries, and an ancient, atmospheric abbey called Kirkstall.

Birmingham

To the south of Leeds, almost in the centre of England, is the city of Birmingham. Once known only for being ugly, the city centre is being redesigned and dramatic new buildings, such as the new city library, are starting to change the appearance and the reputation of UK’s second biggest city (although people from Manchester, where we are going after this, say that Manchester is the UK’s second city!)

Like many industrial cities across Europe, Birmingham was damaged by bombs during the Second World War. In the postwar rush* to rebuild, architects seemed to forget that cities are about people and not about cars and concrete. The architecture was concrete and ‘Brutalist’ and people didn’t like it. Birmingham is home to a famous example of what went wrong in post-war city building – The Bull Ring. It was designed as a huge

Manchester is famous for its pop music especially in the 1980s and 1990s. Some of the most famous bands that originated in the city are Oasis, The Smiths, Joy Division, New Order, The Chemical Brothers and The 1975.

Birmingham is an exciting and diverse city with a lot of different influences on its food. The city is the home of one of the UK’s favourite dishes, the Balti curry. In fact an area to the south of the city centre is known as ‘The Balti Triangle’ and is where most of the Balti restaurants (known as Balti houses) are. In September, the city also hosts the Zombie Walk – several thousand people dressed as zombies. Don’t worry they are not out to attack, they’re raising money for charity!

and research, but it should be. The city has six universities, and is home to the famous City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra, the NEC – the National Exhibition Centre – and it is an important hub* for the global economic network. The transformation of Birmingham is a proper Cinderella story!

Manchester

During the industrial revolution, Manchester was the centre for cotton production in England. Factories turned cotton grown by slaves and plantation workers in the south of the US into cloth for clothes and household linen – sheets, pillow cases etc. During this time Manchester had the nickname ‘Cottonopolis’. Cotton is generally made in developing countries now, where labour is cheaper, so what has replaced this industry?

In 2002, Manchester hosted the Commonwealth Games and this encouraged a big transformation in the city. As in Birmingham, many of the 1960s developments have been knocked down, and as in Leeds, many of the old Victorian warehouses have been converted into shops, offices and restaurants, with the upper floors becoming desirable* flats. A penthouse* in Hulme, a fashionable part of the city, will cost you at least £1M.

Today Manchester is famous around the world for its two football teams, Manchester United (or Man U to its fans) and Manchester City. Here was the world’s first intercity railway (between Manchester and Liverpool).

Manchester was the first place in the world where scientists split the atom in 1907 (New Zealand-born Rutherford and his team), and developed the forerunner* of the modern computer (1948 – the ‘Manchester shopping area but it was surrounded by Baby’. You can see a replica* of this in the motorways and you could only get to it as a pedestrian via tunnels which were unpleasant science museum in Manchester). It is also the birthplace of the strongest material ever and sometimes the focus of crime. It was develop, graphene, a 2D semi-metal which redesigned during the first decade of this century and is now a much nicer place to visit. scientists believe will revolutionise computing Liverpool Liverpool is the perfect example of a city Birmingham isn’t often associated with culture in the 21st century. with a glorious* past and an exciting

present, but a pretty difficult time in between! Liverpool grew with the British Empire and increasing trade with America during the 19th century. Here the great ships of the world left to take people to a new life over the Atlantic, or brought in goods from all over the world. When that ended and Liverpool’s industries died, the city went into a period of poverty and decline with high unemployment and lots of social problems.

The good news is that Liverpool has found its heart again. The waterfront and docks have been transformed and several of the city’s buildings have been given World Heritage status by UNESCO. But the journey to regeneration has not been easy in any of these cities. In January 2018 in Liverpool, for Choose the ingredients example, many people who had invested in a plan to redevelop parts of the city, lost Balti curry was first brought into the UK to Birmingham from India. their money when the construction company Which ingredients are used in this popular dish? went bankrupt*. They are still waiting to see if they will get compensation.

garlic onions meat – lamb, goat or chicken yogurt

garam masala ginger chilli peppers chocolate

yeast turmeric

fresh coriander

Match each of these to its city – Leeds (L), Manchester (M), Liverpool (Liv) or Birmingham (B)?

1.

Docks

6.

Wool

2.

Law and finance

7.

Curry

3.

Cotton

8.

United and City

4.

The Bull Ring

9.

UNESCO

5.

Symphony orchestra

10.

Graphene

The answers are on page 15.

Glossary powerhouses: something that has a lot of power and influence coal mines: place underground where you dig out coal – fossilised trees once-great: that were important and rich in the past reinventing: (here) making improvements to give themselves a new and better future mill: factory where cotton and other materials are made decline: become less good (in this case with less money and fewer businesses) vibrant: full of life loom: machine for making material from threads hang out: (informal) spend

time with rush: do something quickly hub: (here) an important centre for something forerunner: a thing that comes immediately before another replica: an exact copy of something desirable: that a lot of people want penthouse: flat at the top of a block or skyscraper, usually with terraces and views over a city glorious: famous and impressive went bankrupt: business that closed due to having debts and/or no money

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Report

multi-word verbs; passive constructions

Tackling* Food Waste – A Global Problem Food waste across our planet is one of the biggest problems of our time.

It’s also one of the most shocking. Fortunately, while it is a massive challenge, we are at least becoming more aware that it is time to do things differently, and to stop wasting so much of the food we produce.

What’s the Issue?

Wasted food is food that is thrown away which could have been eaten. Each year we humans waste food worth over 750 billion Euros. When we talk about food waste, our first reaction is often to think about the food we’ve left on our plates at dinner, the packets lost at the back of the cupboard that have gone past their use-by date*, vegetables and salad that lie forgotten in our fridges until they also go off, and have to be thrown away. Domestic waste is a big part of the global food waste issue. In fact, up to a third of all food is thrown away by us, the consumer, but food waste is also a much bigger issue than that.

1.3 billion tonnes of food gets thrown away before it even reaches our shopping baskets.

This happens at every stage in the growing and processing journey. It starts during harvesting*, then when produce is selected for sale, when it’s being washed, during the manufacturing of processed food and, after that, when it is stored*, and after it has been put on sale. A large percentage of the food we grow is thrown away at some point during this complex food chain.

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What are the consequences?

Just one quarter of all the food we throw away would be enough to feed more than 815 million people who still don’t get enough to eat today. This is a pretty shocking statistic.

But there are others. When we waste food,

we’re also throwing away all the energy and natural resources we used to grow it in the first place, such as fresh water, which is used in huge quantities in agriculture.

Food production is a major contributor* to environmental damage, which in turn is contributing to the problems of climate change. Another negative effect is the amount of deforestation and habitat loss*, which not only affects the climate but also leads to a worrying loss of biodiversity and space for other life to grow in our world. Wasting food increases the pressure on scarce* water

The ten countries in the world which throw away most food are Finland, Malaysia, the UK, Germany, Netherlands, Nowray, Canada, Denmark, Australia and the United States.

Food waste is even more shocking when you consider the number of people who don’t have enough to eat in the world.

In rich countries, more and more food is thrown away. It is possible for most people to eat healthily and well – but the proportion of junk food is also increasing in people’s diets. so-called* imperfect fruit and vegetables.

These ‘imperfect’ fruit and vegetables are usually rejected by supermarkets because they are misshapen* or not the right size, and they think consumers won’t buy them.

A recent EU project, called Fusions, monitored waste in 17 EU countries and discovered that Europeans waste 89 million tonnes of food every year. There is a target to reduce this by 50% by 2025. Think.Eat.Save is an international project from the UN and the FAO among others, which provides ideas on how individuals, businesses and whole sectors can reduce waste. In the US state of Maryland, there’s the Food Recovery Network, which aims to fight waste and feed people. Since it was founded, it has redistributed millions of excess meals from universities, work canteens and restaurants, to people who don’t know where their next meal is coming from.

resources, and finally, in recent decades there’s been a dramatic increase in the amount of waste we produce and the amount of energy needed to get rid of our rubbish.

The Solutions

That all may seem pretty depressing, but fortunately there are lots of ways to reduce the amount of food that gets wasted.

Here are a few ideas... In the long term we need to develop better ways of storing crops after they are harvested. We can also become more aware as consumers. Instead of throwing away food we don’t need, there are organisations that can distribute it to people who don’t get enough to eat. Food

that is no longer fit for human consumption may be used to generate power, for example in biodigesters where bacteria break down food waste into biogas that can be used to heat our homes. The best option* though, is to try to balance supply and demand, and make best use of our resources, by not producing too much in the first place.

New Directions

There are a lot of projects springing up to tackle the issue of food waste, at government level all the way down to individuals who are finding solutions at local level. Here are a few examples. In Berlin, two friends set up a catering company which uses

Activity Underline some of the problems associated with food waste.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Millions of people don’t have enough to eat Energy is wasted during food production Fully stocked supermarket shelves Water resources are wasted More underweight people Deforestation Increase in the amount of waste created Increasing levels of obesity

How can we avoid food waste? Can you come up with at least four ideas?

1. …………………………………………………………

2. …………………………………………………………

3. …………………………………………………………

The answers are on page 15.

4. ………………………………………………………….

5. …………………………………………………………

6. …………………………………………………………

What Can We do to help?

There’s a lot we can do. Here are some ideas.

Regularly check the contents of your fridge and use up what needs eating first. Try to buy food in small amounts and more often.

Shopping lists and meal plans are a brilliant way to save money and this also ensures you don’t buy too much food that you won’t eat. ‘Three for two’* or ‘BOGOF’* deals from supermarkets look like a great idea, but can actually enourage us to buy more than we need and we end up throwing away. Each year in the UK, the average household throws away £470 (€540) worth of food. That’s the equivalent of a short holiday! We can also find inventive ways to use leftovers*, or cook smaller portions so that everything gets finished up.

Glossary tackling: (here) finding solutions to a problem use-by date: the last date when you can safely use or eat something harvesting: when vegetables and wheat are ready, they are taken from the fields stored: kept safely for a length of time contributor: something that helps to make something else happen loss: (noun from ‘to lose’) when you no longer have something scarce: when there are only

small amounts of something option: one of several choices so-called: (used to show a name that is commonly used for something or that the writer thinks is incorrect) misshapen: with an ugly shape three for two: (an offer in shops when you take 3 packets of something but only have to pay for two) BOGOF: (=buy one get one free) take two items, pay for one leftovers: food that has not been finished from a meal

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Faces of Britain

present perfect; reported speech; language of bullying; strange and its synonyms

Millie Bobby Brown is both a typical and not-so-typical British teenager.

She’s an actress and a model, and an anti-bullying* campaigner*, and she’s not even 15 yet! Let’s find out why everyone who works with her is astonished by her.

Millie Bobby Brown

Sense of Direction

Millie Bobby Brown has known what she wanted to do for a very long time.

Since she was at primary school she has always said she would be an actress. She was so determined that she carried the rest of her family along with her dream and they moved from the south coast of England to Georgia in the United States to be closer to the American film industry.

She and her family have moved around quite a bit. In fact, Millie was born in Marbella, Spain where she lived for the first four years of her life. Then the family, who are English, moved back to the UK. It was when Millie was only 8 that they moved to Orlando, where the family have lived ever since. Why Orlando and not California, where the US film industry is centred? She says things move too fast in Hollywood and that she loves the slower pace of life* in Georgia. She says it has given her the space and privacy to be herself and to grow up away from the flash photography of the paparazzi*.

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Stranger Things

From the moment that the writers of the hit* Netflix show, Stranger Things, saw Millie Bobby Brown, they knew she was special. They had created a character in their sci-fi–horror series that would need a young actor with particular talents – the show is quite creepy! This character is called ‘Eleven’. She has a number and not a name because she has grown up in a science lab as part of an experiment in supernatural abilities. The number is tattooed* onto her arm.

The fact that Millie’s character, Eleven, grew up away from normal human contact is important. She only has a very limited* vocabulary – one fan of the show counted the range of words Eleven uses, and it is only 250. The average vocabulary of a 12 year old is normally around 12,000 words. This presented some interesting challenges to Millie but she is able to say so much with just the expression on her face. She has said that,

while people usually express their feelings by saying ‘I’m angry’ or ‘I’m sad’, she is able to say those things without words.

That Stare*!

The adults who work with Millie on set all say they are astonished by her level of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is a particularly useful thing to have when you are an actor – you’re pretending to be someone who isn’t you and may not be at all like you. To make this convincing you need to understand the world from the point of view of that person. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognise and understand both your own emotions and the emotions of those around you. This helps you to develop your thinking and behaviour in social situations. Millie has this in bucket loads*, and when she’s being Eleven, her stare is pretty haunting.

Eleven doesn’t have many words and she has to adapt to a new set of

circumstances that would challenge most of us, but while she is definitely an unusual character, she is also strong. In fact, if someone in the show does something she doesn’t like she stares at them in the most unnerving way! It’s a powerful means of non-verbal communication.

Anti-Bullying Millie is a young person with a lot of guts*. Here are some of the things she has said.

“I’m very outspoken. I will ask a silly question but I really am deadly serious. I’m like ‘I want to know the answer!’”

About kindness: “I have two hands: one for me, one for other people”.

And something you might not know about her: “I do Thai boxing Mondays, jujitsu Tuesdays and Thursdays, and Wednesdays I do boxing with Mark – he was a world champion at one point. I absolutely love it. I actually have a punching bag* outside in my garden.”

In real life Millie is not at all like Eleven.

She’s known for her kindness and generosity, though she also says people find her sense of humour a little weird. She’s supported anti-bullying campaigns and even set up a special Twitter account encouraging her young fans to share their stories of bullying and sending them supportive* messages. When you are a public figure, Millie believes you can do a lot of good.

Unfortunately, when you are a public figure you are also an easy target for internet trolls*, who are able to say horrible things to you on social media. This has also happened to Millie recently – she has had to delete her personal Twitter account. Rather ironic for someone who believes and fights for equality, and

Activity Match each of these words – all words which describe things that are out of the ordinary – with their definitions. Then use the space provided to write your own sentence to practice the word.

not-so-typical strange special creepy supernatural haunting unusual unnerving weird outspoken

Answers on page 15

c. not what you would expect, different h. not normal, and possibly frightening f. different from most people or things, but in a positive way b. describes something that makes you feel scared, e.g. a ghost story i. something that is ‘not of this world’ e.g. ghosts or psychic powers a. something that stays with you for a long time, that makes you think j. something that is not seen very often, is uncommon g. something that feels ‘wrong’, that makes you unsure d. different from most people or things, but seen as a negative thing e. someone who says things that most people are either too nervous or too polite to say

especially hard when you consider she is only 14. Internet trolls are one of the “stranger things” that have appeared since the invention of social media. Let’s hope Millie can find a way to silence the trolls, in any case she is making her film debut in 2019 in the new Godzilla movie, Godzilla: King of the Monsters.

Her experience with monsters might be useful to her!

Glossary bullying: unwanted, aggressive behaviour directed at someone campaigner: someone who works to make things change in their society pace of life: the speed at which you live your life paparazzi: photographers who follow and photograph famous people hit: (here) successful, popular tattooed: a permanent picture or number made with ink and drawn on the skin limited: (here) not big, small stare: look at someone in a neutral or negative way for a

long time have something in bucket loads: (informal idiom) have a lot of something supportive: when you listen to someone and show you care, or offer advice trolls: (informal; here) people who write angry, unpleasant and abusive things on the internet (originally trolls are ugly monsters from Scandinavian mythology, who hide under bridges) guts: (informal) courage punching bag: a big, hanging bag, used by boxers to practice their hitting

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Around The World

Being Human

important to remember, that movement, socialising and creativity are vital* ingredients to being a contented human being, and that while the way we use our minds is changing, our bodies are no different from those of our much more active ancestors*.

At the moment, we live in a world dominated by digital technology – computers, mobile phones and so on.

At work and in our free time most of us spend Those That Have Gone Before most of our time at our Let’s not be too negative about computers or checking* technology. While on the one hand our mobiles. But as more it might separate us from the outside world, on the other it’s helping us to people are discovering, learn so much and giving us the chance that’s not the only way to to connect with others around the world. live our lives.

The trouble is, that even though the way ‘Homo Technologicus’

What’s the latest videogame? When’s the next model of my favourite mobile phone coming out? What’s new?

Miniature* drones. Smart watches.

Voice-activated* home hubs*. I must have one! Advertising and fashion encourage us to buy the latest bit of smart technology. The amount of time we spend immersed* in the digital world is changing the way we live. We spend more time with people in the virtual world and lose out on the benefits of interacting with people in real life. We sit still for hours, stay inside for longer, and rarely use much more of our bodies than our hands, eyes and ears. We spend much of our time touching the keys on our keyboards, or pressing the glass on our smartphone screens! Basically, we move less and go out less. But it’s

10

we learn and interact* with the world is changing, our bodies haven’t. Starting in the 19th century, studies on native

peoples who still live in close contact with the natural world, highlighted* that their way of life keeps them lean* and in good overall health. This is because they spend more of their time walking, running, jumping, climbing, or balancing, throwing and lifting things, swimming, or defending themselves.

Those of us who don’t live like that can do sport instead. Sport is good for us physically of course, but also mentally.

When we do sport regularly we are more alert, spend more of our time being active, and it improves our mood* and sense of wellbeing. On average we spend 1-4 hours a week doing sport, but for our ancestors this level of activity, and more, was simply what they did every day of their lives.

conjunctions

Back to the Old Ways

For many older people in our societies, sewing, pottery and other crafts, looking after animals and gardens were not hobbies but part of their lives. For most of us, these activities are hobbies – we don’t have to do them, we choose to. And these hobbies are growing in popularity. A new generation of people is learning how to knit, or taking drawing or painting classes and learning how to cook or do origami,

make jewellery or make objects from wood.

Others are dedicating* more of their time to a less industrial or technological way of life. They are growing their own fruit and vegetables, making their gardens and balconies beautiful and making their own clothes. People are finding pleasure in working with their hands.

The Secret of a Good Life

Do we know how much time we’re spending sitting still? Perhaps we do, because although more of our time is spent in the virtual world, more of us are getting active and creative. Most of us know that to make our lives more complete, we can balance out the time we spend with our computers, tablets and smartphones. We can meet the needs of our physical bodies

by getting outside or being creative. Here are a couple of ways to get more active, without changing your whole way of life!

Photography

Taking photos is a fantastic hobby. There’s nothing quite like taking your camera out and about in search of an interesting or stunning shot. This relatively modern hobby was invented during the 19th century, but smaller, cheaper and more powerful cameras on the market have made it more accessible*. But have you ever thought of photography as a kind of sport? Well, you can’t take the best photos from inside your house sat in front of your computer! The best shots are outside and to find them you need to walk, travel, and discover new things. And what’s more you can make best use of the technology around you and share your works of art on social media!

Learn Sign Language

Learning sign language might not be the first hobby you think of taking up, but learning to communicate with people who cannot hear isn’t just about moving your hands to speak… just like learning any language, behind the symbols there is a whole new culture and way of thinking. Learning any new language changes the way you see the world.

Choose.

Although • While • like • but on the other • Even though • When 1. ................................ more of our time is spent in the virtual world, we’re also starting to be more active.

2. On the one hand technology separates us from the outside world, ................................ it’s helping us to learn and connect with each other 3. ................................ our grandparents were young, sewing, cooking and growing your own fruit and vegetable were simply part of their lives.

4. ................................ the way we use our minds is changing, our bodies are the same as our ancestors.

5. ................................ photography is based around technology, it can still help us stay active.

6. To stay fit and healthy, we need to walk, run and jump every day, ................................ our ancestors.

Find...

In this article, find a synonym for: 1. completely focussed on ..............................................................................................

2. not in the physical world ...........................................................................................

3. happy ..............................................................................................................................

4. connect or communicate ...........................................................................................

5. available or possible ...................................................................................................

The answers are on page 15.

Glossary checking: (here) looking to see if there are new notifications, or if a friend has put up a new post miniature: very small voice activated: that works when it hears a human voice home hub: technology that controls electronics in your house or helps you access the internet without a computer immersed: when your mind and experience are focussed on one thing only vital: extremely important ancestors: human beings who were alive before us interact: communicate or connect with highlighted: make something clear or obvious lean: without much fat on their bodies mood: the way you feel dedicating: deciding to spend (time) accessible: that you can do, is reachable and possible

11

Culture and Society

adverbs

While we should of course be thinking about how not to waste food, we can also celebrate the wonderful variety of food on offer to us at the UK’s many food festivals. Let’s go and visit some of the best.

Celebrating * Abundance Cheese!

The Nantwich International Cheese Show, in the county of Cheshire, is thought to be one of the biggest festivals dedicated to cheese in the world! This is the home of the International Cheese Awards with 3,700 entries* to the competition in 260 categories, from cheese producers all over the world. That’s a lot of cheese. Visitors get to taste nearly 5,000 varieties of cheese, not all of them are entered into the competition, and you can watch cheese-making and cookery demonstrations*. How do you decide which is the best cheese in the world? It takes several years’ training to become a cheese judge, but you can make a start by following these simple steps.

1. Sniff* – here you can test the smell of the cheese 2. Cut a piece of the cheese – this gives you a chance to feel the texture 3. Hold the slice in your hand – smell it again, look at colour and overall appearance.

4. Taste – put a small piece into your mouth and allow the flavours to come out.

5. Decide – do you like it? Is it a good example of this type of cheese? Or a new cheese with a good flavour?

The Nantwich International Cheese Show takes place at the end of July every year.

12

Pembrokeshire Fish Week Festival

It’s not hard to guess what this festival is about! Pembrokeshire is a coastal county of Wales, known for its stunning shoreline. At this festival not only can you taste locally caught fish and shellfish but you can also go on fishing trips and snorkel* safaris, go to outdoor BBQ events and go coasteering – exploring the shore by walking along

beaches and swimming, climbing rocks and diving into the sea. What fish and shellfish can you find here? Sea bass, mackerel, lobster and crabs.

Oysters* and Seafood*

At the end of September, travel to Galway on the west coast of Ireland for the Galway Oyster and Seafood Festival. This festival is all about oysters, and home to the Ireland Oyster Opening Championships! Since this festival started in 1957, organisers estimate that over 3 million oysters have been eaten at the festival.

How do you eat an oyster? After they’ve been cleaned and sorted (fresh oysters with their shells open should not be eaten), take a special shucking* knife to slide between the two shells, twist and open. Serve the

open oyster on a plate of ice, then being careful not to spill the juices, pick it up and slide the oyster into your mouth. People who love them say eating freshly prepared oysters is like eating the sea, but they are not everyone’s favourite!

The Garlic Festival

The Isle of Wight is an island off the south coast of England, and famously, was one of Queen Victoria’s favourite places. Its mild* climate makes it the perfect place to grow garlic, which is planted in the autumn and grows over the winter, and is picked in the summer. The Isle of Wight Garlic Festival takes place in August and attracts tens of thousands of visitors. Apart from the displays* of garlic bulbs, there are lots of things to buy flavoured with garlic. There’s

Match.

The Garlic Festival

2.

Oyster and Seafood Festival

3.

International Cheese Festival

4.

Fish Week Festival

a. Nantwich (in Cheshire, England) b. Galway, in Ireland c. Pembrokeshire, Wales d. Isle of Wight

Turn these adjectives into adverbs.

1. local 2. near 3. fresh

............................................ ............................................ ............................................

The answers are on page 15.

Taste of London

If you are looking for something sophisticated then go to Regent’s Park in London in the middle of June. Here you can taste the food of over 40 of London’s most famous and exclusive* restaurants. You can also see the world’s best chefs in action. Difficult to repeat some of this at home, but you might be inspired to be more adventurous in your cooking, and at the very least you will taste some amazingly tasty food!

Glossary

Where do these festivals take place?

1.

deliciously garlicky cheese, garlic beer, garlic bread, garlic mayonnaise, as well as smoked garlic, made like smoked fish, as well as pickled garlic, preserved in vinegar, and black garlic, originally from Asia. This is garlic which is heated at a low temperature for several weeks until the individual cloves* turn black!

The smells at this festival are amazing!

4. famous ............................................

5. delicious ............................................

6. original ............................................

abundance: when you have enough, and more, of something entries: (here) the different cheeses sent to (entered in) the competition demonstrations: (here) when someone shows you how to do something sniff: smell snorkel: plastic tube you put in your mouth to help you stay under water for longer oysters: animal with a rough, grey shell that lives in the sea and salt water; the Romans

loved eating these! seafood: any fish or shellfish that grows in the sea that humans like to eat shuck: take the shell off something mild: (of the weather) not too cold and not too hot displays: (here) rows of garlic arranged to look interesting and attractive cloves: a bulb of garlic can be split into many individual cloves exclusive: expensive, i.e. that only wealthy people can afford

13

Playstation

Have you read our report on food waste?

Can you solve these anagrams?

S C I N H O K G 1.

C A L N G L E E H

N O S C E P R S

2.

7.

R E C E D U

T W S E A

S E R E F U

3.

8.

K L E C T A

H E T

U S

I

S E

S P P I G H O N

4.

9.

M F A N C I N T U U R G A 5.

L T I

S

D S T A T O O R I N E F E 6.

Write the correct form

Put the verbs in the correct form below.

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I G

B Y S U E 10.

—

D T E A

1. She ........................... (grow up) in Ireland but ........................... (live) in New York for years.

2. All through her life, she ........................... (never stop) learning, even though she ........................... (leave) school when she was young.

3. She ........................... (miss) her home country of Ireland.

4. Saoirse ........................... (always talk) about everything with her mother, and ........................... (call) her every day from New York.

5. Saoirse ........................... (never watch) the films she ........................... (appear) in, it ........................... (make) her anxious.

6. She ........................... (be) different from the character she plays in Lady Bird; she ........................... (never want) to rebel.

7. Saoirse ........................... (want) to be a film director even before she ........................... (start) her acting career.

8. She ........................... (love) Disney films, and ........................... (do) since she can remember.

Fill in the table.

Can you remember the article “Being Human”? In your view, what are the pros and cons of modern technology ?

Put these ten spare-time activities in order of which you like (or would like to do the) from the most to the least ....... photography ....... high-intensity sport ....... endurance or long-distance sports ....... learn a language ....... grow your own fruit and vegetables ....... make your own clothes ....... draw and/or paint ....... play an instrument ....... make things out of wood ....... make candles Is there one thing new activity (from this list or your own ideas) that you would like to start? What is it, and how will you add it to your life? ..........................................................................

TECHNOLOGY Positives

Negatives

................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................

................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................

Answer.

Which food festival do you think each of these people will like the most?

1. KAI. I’m a very active person. I go rock climbing and love swimming in the sea. I swim for miles, exploring the beaches and coast of the places I visit. I am happiest near the water, on boats, or fishing. I like exploring new places and eating fresh local food. .........................................................

2. ELLIE. I am a keen amateur cook and am always looking for new ideas to inspire me. I’m not afraid to cook anything, however complicated it is, but I am always happy to learn new recipes and techniques. I am more of a city person, and love sophisticated dining. I am particularly interested in delicate patisserie and French cuisine. .........................................................

3. VINCE. My friends all think I’m crazy because I’ll try anything. They tell me all the things they don’t like, and that makes me want to go out and try them. I live in the Midlands, in England, so I don’t eat shellfish.

I’d like to try some. I don’t mind how far I have to travel, in fact I love going to new places! .........................................................

4. MARYAM. I love strong flavours. The stronger the better. I prefer savoury foods, I’m not keen on sweets or chocolate, and I would say I am quite adventurous.

If I like a flavour, then I will try it with everything. For example, I remember the first time I went to Spain, I was so happy. I went to a bar and they gave me lots of small plates of food. There were aubergines, squid, potatoes. They were all delicious, but the best thing for me was that they were strongly flavoured with garlic. I went back there every night for the rest of my holiday! .........................................................

5. FEMI. I grew up next to a delicatessen. We didn’t have a lot of money, but we made friends with the owner of the deli, Mr Carter. Us kids helped him out sometimes. We’d break up cardboard boxes that sort of thing. Anyway, as payment he would give us bits of cheese that were nearing their sell-by date. I didn’t like the stronger ones at first, but as I grew up, I started to love them. Now, when I go home and visit my mum, I always pop in to the deli first to see Mr Carter, and he always gives me a bit of cheese to take home. .........................................................

The answers are at the bottom of this page.

Answers P 2 T/F: 1F, 2T, 3T, 4F, 5T, 6T. P 4-5 Choose: from the list, only yeast and chocolate do NOT go into a Balti curry Match: 1 Liv, 2 L, 3 M, 4 B, 5 B, 6 L, 7 B, 8 M, 9 Liv, 10 M. P 6-7 Underline some consequences of food waste: 1,2,4,6,7. How can we avoid wasting food at home? Write 4 ideas. (suggested answers): 1 check the contents of your fridge more often, 2 make a shopping list before you go to the shops, 3 buy less at a time – shop more often, 4 avoid ‘three for two’ offers, 5 find ways to use up leftovers, 6 reduce the amount you cook or put on your plate. P 8-9 Match the word and the definition: c, h, f, b, i, a, j, g, d, e. P 10-11 Choose: 1 Although; 2 on the other; 3 When; 4 While; 5 Even though; 6 like. Find in the text... 1 immersed; 2 virtual; 3 contented; 4 interact; 5 accessible. P 12-13 Match: 1 Isle of Wight; 2 Galway, Ireland; 3 Nantwich (in Cheshire); 4 Pembrokeshire, Wales.

Turn the words into adverbs: 1 locally; 2 nearly; 3 freshly; 4 famously; 5 deliciously; 6 originally. P 14-15 Solve the Anagrams: 1 shocking, 2 challenge, 3 reduce waste, 4 tackle the issue, 5 manufacturing, 6 deforestation, 7 processing, 8 refuse, 9 shopping list, 10 use-by date. Write the corre.ct form of the verb: 1 grew up, has been living (has lived is also acceptable although less good); 2 has never stopped learning; left school; 3 misses; 4 has always talked about everything/always talks about everything; and calls her, 5 never watches; she has/she’s appeared in; makes her; 6 is completely different; has never wanted to rebel, 7 wanted to be a film director; she started her acting career, 8 loves; has done since she can remember. Fill in the Table: own answers. Answer. 1. Kai, Pembrokeshire Fish Week Festival; 2 Ellie, Taste of London; 3 Vince, Galway Oyster and Shellfish Festival; 4 Maryam, Isle of Wight Garlic Festival; 5 Femi, Nantwich International Cheese Show.

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