ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEMS ASSIGNMENT 1 SEMESTER 2, 2018 EMMA KELLY, 950391 ADRIAN CHU, 21
ROOF EQUIPMENT
CLIENT PROFILE
The Henrys are a family of 5, consisting of 2 parents and 3 children. The proposed design shall cater for an environmentally friendly family home, incorporating a productive garden, compost and a bike rack. The Henrys are looking at minimising their carbon footprint and are trying to avoid fossil fuels as much as possible. The family loves to spend time outside together, wether to play or to care for the vegetable gardens, their life evolves around the outside. They are looking at living as independent from the local supppliers as possible. As well as being environmentally consoius the parents are trying to live as animal produce free as possible. The family mainly interacts in the common areas of the house where they cook together, play games and help each other with their homework. They are willing to actively service their home and to adapt in comfort.
NEIGHBOURS
s s
WINTER SUN
STEP TERRACE PLANT BEDS s s
DECK
VEGETABLE GARDEN
The existing vegetation shall remain the same as they provide a chanel for the cool summer evening breeze to naturally ventilate the house. Vegetable gardens are located to the western side of the property to be well apart from the greywater tank and the sewerline in case of leakage. The step Wterraced plant beds W W W respond W W GAS GAS GAS GAS GAS GAS to the sloping site and are intended to slow down and filter stormwater before running off site at the lowest point.
SUMMER SUN W
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Environmental Building Systems Assignment 1
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LEGEND
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summer morning, win ter morning and afternoon warm winds
sewer line
gas line
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W
W
W GAS
W GAS
W GAS
W GAS
W GAS
W GAS
W GAS
W GAS
W GAS
W GAS
GAS
W GAS
W GAS
net.au
The rainfall average of the area according to the Bureau of Meteorology (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/ averages/tables/cw_086243.shtml) is 1172 mm anual median average per year. This provides a sufficient average to harvest rainwater in the house. The relative high diurnal shifts in temperature allow for the use of thermal mass throughout the house to provide a passive regulating system for thermal comfort.
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http://www.calidad.
CLIMATE
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s
The neighbouring properties barely influence the site through their overshadowing of the eastern and western side of the property. The adjacent National Park however influences the property sIgnificantly as it provides a sufficient wind barrier to the north. It shelters the property from warm winds during summer mornings. Assuming that there are some deciduous trees within the park, this allows the winter winter winds in the morning and afternoon through. the position of the new property may channel some winds towards the neighbours but assuming that there is fencing in between the properties, the impact will be minor. Overshadowing will also not affect the neighbours as the property is a single story building
VEGETATION
A saw roof is desirable over bedrooms, bathrooms and laundry to cater for ventilation. The pitched roof over the kitchen/living area provides an increased catchment area to harvest rainwater and also provides enough surface area to install electric panels and provide a suffiecient catchment area of 135m2 to harvest rainwater. An automatic roof vent allows exess heat to escape.
NATIONAL PARK
s
W GAS
W GAS
W GAS
W GAS
summer afternoon cool winds
W water line
LPD
W GAS
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LPD
proposed fruit trees
power line SEP
Legal Point of Discharge
W GAS
GAS
GAS
GAS
mains water meter vertical green wall
Site Analysis Scale 1:200
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Emma Kelly 950391
GAS
GAS
SHADING
Eaves are to be used all around the house for different purposes. North, east and west facing eaves are an important means to shade the walls and windows from the sun (fig. 1), whereas south facing eaves predominantly shield the openings from heavy rains. Deciduous vines can be used to shade the northern facade in summer. Until the pergola is overgrown use temporary shading to avoid overheating in summer and take down in winter to allow sunlight through windows. ( See fig. 2) As well as the pergola on the northern side, the proposed fruit trees and the vertical green wall can provide seasonal shading on the western and/or eastern side of the property. Curtains with pelmets are installed to further assist with the shading of the windows. They also assist in preventing heat to escape during winter.
THERMAL MASS
DAYLIGHT
The concrete slab on ground which is the base for the construction in this case provides a large amount of thermal mass. In order to thermally profit from its inherent capability to store and release heat, thermal mass needs to be exposed towards the inside of the building envelope. In the kitchen and dining area the concrete slab is therefore exposed and polished. A concrete kitchen bench can make up for the covered surfaces in the living area. In combination with the shading of the outer walls and windows thermal mass performs differently in summer and winter as shown below. Both effects are desirable and provide a well balanced passive heating and cooling strategy.
Large windows to the northern side of the property supply sufficient daylight throughout the living areas and the front bedroom. The masterbedroom as well as the back bedroom are supplied through the clerestory windows. A lightshelf in the back bedroom evenly distributes the light throughout the room. The windows facing south and west supply diffused light throughout the day in winter, as the dicidous trees loose their leaves.
SUMMER
Thermal mass in summer --> absorbs heat into slab, releases warmth during night and can be ventileated out.
WINTER
PELMET CURTAINS
Thermal mass in winter --> releases stored heat of slab back into Fig.3 Behaviour of thermal mass in winter and summer
Fig. 1 Eaves as shading device on southern and western facade. The eaves prevent the higher summer sun from penetrating the windows, whereas the winter sun is able to provide direct sunlight and therfore the desired heat gain
LEGEND existing trees
proposed fruit trees
decidious vines
NATURAL VENTILATION
Fig. 2 example of how the pergola and the vertical green wall could look like within 10 years Environmental Building Systems Assignment 1
Tut : 21 Adrian Chu
The orientation of the house and the southern facing windows allow the cool evening breeze from the south to cool the house down in summer. The tilt and turn windows allow for an effective crossventilation without compromising on security even during night. This caters for optimal ustilisation of the space in summer where heat gain is to be minimised.
Passive Thermal Strategies Scale 1:100
natural ventilation
roof line of saw roof
pergola vertical green wall
Fig. 4 retrievend from BOM
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Emma Kelly 950391
WINDOW SCHEDULE All windows are to be produced by Paarhammer Pty Ltd as they manufacture in Victoria, which caters for short transport ways and therefore reduces the carbon footprint of the production line. The frames are to be FSC certified and locally sourced timbers. Timber is a renewable resource and can be manually serviced by the family of five without having to replace the whole window frame in case of damage or decay. All casement windows are Tilt and Turn frames. This allows the family to ventilate the house, even during nighttime without having to compromise on security, as the windows open to the inside of the house. Triple glazing is facing south with a low U-Value and high solar heat gain. Double glazing with high solar heat gain is facing north to allow for maximal winter sun heat gain. Double glazing with low solar heat gain is facing east and west to prevent overheating in summer. All timber frames are 68mm deep and 80mm high, lengths vary.
JUSTIFICATION OF MATERIAL USE
The loadbearing walls of the house are to be constructed with strawbales in a timber frame, and finished with lime render on the outside, lined with plasterboard on the inside. The strawbales have an R-value of 8 and have a low embodied energy and cater for the Henry’s wish to reduce their carbon footprint on earth, while providing excellent insulation. Furthermore, the framework is to be made from FSC certified local pine. The Ecowoolinsulation is formaldehyde and chemical free. Using natural wool as insulation is not preferred as this interferes with the Henry’s wish to build animal product free.
W03
F
W04
DW
2100
950
2000
01, 03, 04
02
05
700
06
WM HWS
500
07, 08
W13
W06
W12
W07
750
1500
1500
2100
WINDOWS
W02
1500
500
1500
1500
500
D02 W01
750
WINDOWS
09, 10
750
950
11
12
950
W08
NUMBER W01 W02 W03 W04 W05 W06 W07 W08 W09 W10 W11 W12 W13
DIMENSIONS (hXw) 1500X2000 500X500 1500X2000 1500X2000 1500X950 2100X700 1500X500 1500X500 750X750 750X750 2100X750 1500X950 1500X950
Environmental Building Systems Assignment 1
GLAZING TYPE DOUBLE GLAZED DOUBLE GLAZED DOUBLE GLAZED DOUBLE GLAZED DOUBLE GLAZED TRIPLE GLAEZED DOUBLE GLAZED DOUBLE GLAZED TRIPLE GLAZED TRIPLE GLAZED TRIPLE GLAZED DOUBLE GLAZED DOUBLE GLAZED
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U - VALUE 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.8
SHGC 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.21 0.31 0.21 0.21 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.21 0.21
W10
Loadbearing external walls Internal stud walls
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R3.5 insulation vapour barrier ceiling
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
Very important when building with strawbale is the waterproofing of the construction as moisture would interfere with its insulating and fire resisting properties. To eliminate moisture to enter the building through the slab on ground a vapour barrier has to be installed underneath the slab. Furthermore, another vapour barrier has to sit behind the plasterboard lining W05 on the inside. Generally speaking the construction facing the inside of the house has to be 10x denser than the outside of the construction to allow water, that has entered the wall in any form, escape. The finished lime render on the outside sits on a flashing and above ground level to prevent capillary action and any moisture D01 entering the wall from the bottom of the construction. Airtightness of the contruction is also crucial to provide an energy efficient building. Herefore, all openings are to be sealed with tape around their perimeters, wall-ceiling, wallfloor connections are to be sealed airtight as well. WALLS
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terracotta tile battens sarking cavity R3.5 insulation
CEILING AND ROOF
MATERIAL
INSULATION
Straw Bale 450mm in timber framework Plasterboard and FSC certified timber
Material itself and 40mm ventilated airgap 40mm airgap
Ceiling (living and dining area) reinforced
Exposed concrete floor Floating timber floor Tiled floor
Roof
FLOORS Slab on Ground Timber floors Tile floors
Material and Construction Scale 1:100
MATERIAL FSC certified timber ceiling joists for solar water tank FSC certified timber rafters and battens with terracotta tiling MATERIAL Concrete (E-Crete) Recycled timber floorboards Recycled tiles
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FINISH EXTERNAL Lime render
INSULATION Eco Wool, R3.5, single sided reflective foil closed cell 1 layer Eco Wool, R3.5, 20mm airgap, double sided reflective foil , 1 layer
FINISH INTERNAL Plasterboard Bio Wall Paint White
FINISH Plasterboard
INSULATION Polyethylene vapour barrier, rigid edge insulation, ridgid underslab insulation R3.5
Emma Kelly 950391
LIGHTING FIXTURES
The Fanco Urban 2 Ceiling Fan With CCT LED Light - White 52” (https://www.fansonline. com.au) is reversible for summer/winter use and has a dimmable options to provide warm white (3000k), natural white (4000k)or cool white (5000k), which can be chosen accoring to daytime and use. As the Henry’s every day life concentrates around the living areas, this will cater for a multiuse space. Suspended pendant lights, selfmade or bought from a local supplier(photo only as reference https://www. micalighting.com.au), with high CRI light bulbs are good task lights for cooking, preparing food, washing up or having a small background light while watching TV. Suspended ceiling lights can be mounted on the sloping saw roof ceilings. An open drum and transluscent material allow for the lamp to shine light into the higher ceiling, towards the floor and radiate light throughout the room. 3000K is preferable for a warm light, CRI of 80 is sufficient.
https://www.liquidleds.com. au/8-watt-g95-opal-dimmable-led-filament-globe-coolwhite-e27
PV CALCULATION
The household uses an 26.5 kW/h daily average of 26.5 kW/h dai1.1 kW/h hourly ly. The washing machine peak sunhours in Melbourne average 4.6 h (http:// runs with cold water, fridge, www.yourhome.gov.au/energy/photovoltaic-systems) stove and dishwasher are 1.1 kW/h *1000 = 1100 /h energy efficient with ex1100/4.6 peak hours= 240W/h (production per hour) cellent energy ratings. The household needs per day from solar: 5739 W/h water pumps, exhaust fans 5739W/h /327watt panels by SunPower= 18 panels and lighting are individually 1 panel= 1.2 m2 controllable which allows available roof space 32 m2 = room for max. 25 panels for a zoneable use of the PUMP 1 electricity. Pv panels inPUMP 1 PUMP 2 stalled on the roof produce PUMP 2 2 energy and provide a layer 2 of insulation. They need to 2 2 2 2 DW 2 2F 2 2 2 be installed at a 30 degrees DW F BATTERY 2 angle and 200mm away from the edge of the roof 2 to allow the water to be 2 harvested effectively. INTO GRID
2 2
Tiltable Led lights for general lighting in the bathrooms are desirable. They supply a natural white light and allow for a thoroughly lit space. (https://www.eaglelighting.com.au) Wall mounted Cluny LED Outdoor lights light up the outside entertainment area. The 4000K cool white light caters for late night activities such as BBQs or guest entertaining
DC
CENTRAL INVERTER AC
ELECTRIC SWITCHBOARD
PV METRE
1
HOUSEHOLD NEEDS
LEGEND 1
2 2 2 2
2 2
PUMP 3
GREYWATER PUMP
LIGHTING TYPE
NUMBER
WATTS
Ceiling fans Suspended Pendant Lights Suspended Ceiling Lights Bathroom Ceiling Lights Wall mounted bathroom Lights Wall mounted outdoor Lights
2 4 5 2 4 4
24W 8W 8W 7.5W 9W 6W
LIGHTING CALCULATION
2 2
COLOUR TEMPERRATURE 3000K- 5000K 4000K 3000K 4000K 3000K 4000K
total watt 195 / total house area 93.5m = 2.1Wm complies with less than 5W/m2 (NCC) 2
COLOUR RENDERING INDEX / 90 80 90 / /
2
Electrical and Telecom
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25X 327W SUNPOWER PV PANELS
2
2 2 https://reductionrevolution. com.au/products/philips-ledbulb-e27-edison-screw
UTILITY METRE
WM HWS WM HWS 2 2 2 2
Wall mounted led tubes for example the LEDlux Wall Bracket (https:// www.beaconlighting.com.au) allow for well lit bathrooms in the house. These can be operated seperatly from the ceiling lights and allow for an individual task light.
Environmental Building Systems Assignment 1
ELECTRICAL USAGE
LIGHTING TYPE
NUMBER
Ceiling fans
2
Scale 1:100
WATTS 24W
COLOUR TEMPERRATURE 3000K- 5000K
COLOUR RENDERING INDEX /
water pump from rainwaterpump 2
2
2
2
PCD
NTD PSU
water pump from rainwatertank to hot water system electric metre 2 switchboard suspended pendant light suspended ceiling light weatherproof outside powerpoint PCD NTD single switch PSU double switch double powerpoint single powerpoint exhaust fan electric pole connection not in place smoke alarm internet router telecom pit premises connection device network termination devices power supply unit bathroom ceiling lights
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Emma Kelly 950391
RAINWATER COLLECTION, STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION
The rainwater is collected with eaves and box gutters. Downpipes are installed no more than 9m apart from each other. To harvest the total catchment area of 135m2 , the downpipes are connected in a centralised wet system underneath the house. Gutterguards keep large pollutants such as leaves out of the drainage system. To further reduce pollution a centralised first flush diverter is installed.
SOLAR HOT WATER SYSTEM The family showers mainly in the afternoon, after the gardening,
school, work and acticities are done. Therefore, a solar hot water system is recommended, as the water can heat up during the day and be used at night. The solar hot water system installed is an Evacuated Tube System consisting of 25 tubes, which covers an area of ca. 4m2. The storage tank of 270l is located in the attic to prevent a large amount of heat loss, as the attic space is insulated. The water in the tank needs to maintain 60 degrees at all times in order to be safe for consumption. Herefore, an electric booster needs to be installed.
FILTER
PUMP1
CONNECTION TO RAINWATER TANK
RAINWATERTANK
SOLAR ENERGY
MOUNTING RACK
GUTTERGUARD
WET SYSTEM
HOT WATER TO TANK
PUMP 2
HOT WATER TO HOME
CENTRALISED FIRST FLUSH DIVERTER
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DOWNPIPES
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EVACUATED TUBES
WATER PUMPED TO EVACUATED TUBES PUMP
COLD WATER INLET
BOXGUTTER DECK
EAVES GUTTER
WET SYSTEM
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DOWNPIPES
The steel framed “Eco Sac” bladder tank (8500mmx2100mmx600mm; ESK2185) can fit underneath the deck. Its framing prevents any movement which would be anticipated with other bladder tanks due to the sloping property. Eco Sac tanks are manufactured in Australia and have a lower embodied energy level than imported tanks. The tank is connected to the mains water for backup, an overflow valve is connected to the Legal Point of Discharge (stormwater line). To provide water inside the house, the rainwater is pumped and filtered through an external system. To cater for drinkable water, a freestanding triple system UV filter is installed as seen in fig. 4. The whole system is designed to provide the house mainly with rainwater and only rely on the mains water backup mechanism in the bladder tank if there is not enough harvested rainwater available. The Henry’s have Fig. 4 Whole House the wish to operate the Free Standing Triple house as independently Cartridge UV Filter from as possible, which is why Filtatank (FT-300UV) this system is suggested.
Environmental Building Systems Assignment 1
The combined system by Rinai is by an australian manufactorer and is compatible with an electric booster sytem. It will supply the family with enough hot water (https://www.rinnai. com.au/online/hot-water/ sunmaster-range-evacuated-tube-systems/).
BLADDER TANK
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WM HWS HWS
B
LPD
LEGEND PUMP1 pump from rainwatertank (rwt) to house
BACKUP TO GREYWATER SYSTEM
GAS CONNECTION
As the family has stated the wish to reduce their footprint on earth and to avoid fossil fuels where possible, a gas line will not be connected to the property. Gas can not be produced by renewable resources, therefore all appliences will run on electricity. As shown on page 4 the electrical layout, the amount of average energy produced by the PV SunPower 327W panels will be sufficient to supply the house with power. For any shortages the house is connected to the grid and is provided by Powershop, an environmentally friendly powersupplier.
Water and Gas Supply Scale 1:100
PUMP 2 FILTER LPD M HWS b
pump from rwt to hot water system UV filter of rainwater
legal point of discharge, stormwater con nection mains water meter electricity connection to electric booster cold water inlet for hot water system overflow connection to LPD mains water back up for rwt hot water tank with electric booster location of evacuated tubes on roof downpipe access point to rwt hot water outlet and connections rainwater connections
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Emma Kelly 950391
GREYWATER SYSTEM
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Installing a greywater system can save further potable water. The installed greywater system has to be EPA approved. Due to the reuse of the greywater inside of the house as toilet flushing, the greywater needs to be treated. The Aquaclarus S400 system which is suitable for 4-6 people, for moderate recycling and is capable of processing up to 400L/day, suits the Henry’s well. The family will produce a consistent flow of wastewater, as the family will use the sinks, showers and washing mashine regularly. With the will to operate the house actively, the family is advised to use gentle detergents and be careful as to what to add to the reuse cycle. Due to the fact that the Henry’s rely on their foodproduction from the vegetable patches, the greywater system will not be used for watering the garden, as the system is not failure free and the risk of damaging the vegetables might be too high.
RAINWATERTANK
SEWAGE
The sewage sysem works solely with gravity. The waste pipes of 100mm diameter leave the property at a consistent 1:60 drop towards the lowest end of the property. Sewer vents at the highest point of the drainage system allow gas to leave the system. Furthermore the vents allow for any waste stuck to the walls of the pipes to dry and eventually peel off and leave the pipes. Stormwater pipes and sewer pipes need to be well apart in case of leakage to not pollute the stormwater system. The rainwater overflow is connected to the stormwater system. alternative vent position through roof
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DW
alternative vent position through wall ideal vent position, minimum pipework and bends
WATERTANK
https://www.shoptinyhouses.com/ collections/separett/products/separett-weekend-dry-toilet
TOILETS
WM HWS FILTER SCREEN
LPD
PUMP
IN GROUND TANK
schematic layout of sewer vent and wastepipes
UV-DISINFECTION
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT
FILTER MEMBRANE
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STORMWATER CONNECTIONS AND RUNOFF
Stormwater is the water that hits the property but is not harvested or results in being the excess water making the rainwater tank overflow. The bladdertank is conected to the local Legal Point of Discharge to allow any exess water to flow off the property without damaging the built environment or vegetation. Furthermore due to the steep slope on the property it is advised to install terraced planterbeds towards the lower end of the property. This caters for a reduction of pollutants running off into the national park. The planterbeds filter and slow the stormwater down, which prevents downstream waterpollution, erosion and allows for infiltration and on site detention. The same principle applies to the vegetable gardens.
Environmental Building Systems Assignment 1
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LEGEND
GWS
LPD
s
Water Recycling and Drainage Scale 1:100
legal point of discharge sewer pit sewage vent sewage connection
GWS
greywater system treated greywater connection greywater inlet rainwater backup for greywater sysyem
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Emma Kelly 950391
HYDRONIC HEATING The hydronic in slab system suits the family well as it provides a comfortable radiant heat. The thermal mass in the living room is well insulated from underneath and therefore caters for an efficient use of the heat. The system is not as reactive as hydronic panels but due to the thermal mass the heat will be present for a long period of time and the exposed concrete might otherwise be uncomfortably cold during winter. The system is operable by the thermostat and can be activated by remote. The in slab system is only heated to 40 degrees as the maximum surface temperature of the slab cannot exceed 28 degrees.
ADAPTIVE COMFORT The family has stated to be willing to adaapt in comfort which means putting on another layer of clothes and slippers is an option rather than to turn the heating on. This also allows for the slow reacting in slab heating system to heat up.
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PASSIVE HEATING
The windows facing north all have a high SHGC of 0.37 which allows for the heating of the thermal mass in winter when the sun travels lower and can penatrate the windows past the summer shading. Furthermore, the triple glazing towards the south, where there is no solar heat gain, minimises the heat escaping through the windows.
DW S
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HEAT TRANSFER
tube layout within slab for even distribution of heat
Transporting the heat from the central heating island in the main area of the house to the private areas like bedrooms can be achieved through implementing a heat transfer system. Insulated vents and pipes transport the rising heat through to the bedrooms and bathrooms. These vents are manually controlled.
WM HWS
http://fromgentogen.us
T
The electric powered hydronic heating system is connected to the solar power and is backed up by batteries to ensure the electricity is readily available when in need (https://dpphydronics.com.au/answered-howdoes-solar-hydronic-heating-work-with-solar-power/). If in winter the system is not capable to produce enough electricity, the system is backed up by the electricity grid. “Powershop� supplies only renewable energy and is therefore recommended (https://www.greenelectricityguide.org.au/). Maintaining the heat inside of the common area is key in archieving a low energy consumption when heating and a long lasting heat. The ceiling fans are reversible and can be used to push the heat down from the top of the ceiling. The pelmet curtains can prevent heat escaping through the windows. Environmental Building Systems Assignment 1
Tut : 21 Adrian Chu
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https://www.pureventilation.com.au/ HWS
LEGEND
maintaining heat in bedrooms with the help of heavy fitted curtains
Heating Scale 1:100
vents
ducts/pipes hydronic in slab heating tubes perimeter hot water system HWS cold water backflow to tank hot water outlet
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Emma Kelly 950391
COOLING STRATEGIES
STACK VENTILATION
The cooling strategy for the house relies firstly on a well insulated system. Thermal insulation, the shading of thermal mass in summer and an airtight building envelope will prevent the house from heatig up. The aim is to keep the heat outside rather than having to manually cool down the house with the help of energy consuming appliences. To achieve this the windows and walls need to be shaded exeptionally well.
The building draws on natural ventilation and a zoning approach. In the bedrooms, laundry and bathrooms stack ventilation cools down the house. As the air heats up it rises and escapes through the clerestory windows. This creates a suction and enables an effective breeze to cool down the rooms. This also creates a slight draft which creates a feeling of coolth and increases the thermal comfort of the occupants.
CROSS VENTILATION F
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http://greenscreen.com
To assist in shading the western wall from the afternoon sun a screen wall overgrown by deciduous vines such as the creeping fig, is installed. This vine is easy to maintain and grows in full sun as well as shade (https://www. plantmark.com.au). The pergola on the northern side of the property has the same effect on the walls and windows and assists with preventing heat gain.
WM HWS
Another method to prevent heat gain are pelmet fitted curtains. They are not the most effective solution on the market but have low embodied energy and dont require energy to be operated. As the family has stated to minimise their footprint on earth and that they are willing to operate the house actively this is an adequate solution. (photo only as idea: https://www. ewfblinds.com.au/pelmets) Environmental Building Systems Assignment 1
In the living area fans help to cool down the room as the fan push down the rising heat and allow it to be caught by the cross ventilation created by the location of the windows. As this room is the main room of the house it is especially important to keep the space cool in summer. It can be closed off from the rest of the house and is intended to create a cool centre.
LEGEND existing trees
proposed fruit trees
natural ventilation
roof line of saw roof
ceiling fan vertical green wall pergola Tut : 21 Adrian Chu
Cooling Scale 1:100
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Emma Kelly 950391
BUSHFIRE SCENARIO
POSITIVES
The clients have become aware of the fact that the BAL of their site has been increased to BAL40. The problematic areas identified in the project are indicated below.
PROBLEMS
OPPORTUNITIES
1 Close proximity to
1 Making sure the
national park land with large amount of trees, probably older plants that are tall and pose a risk of producing fllying embers that can start another fire.
NATIONAL PARK
1
2 Vegetation close to the house, used for shading can pose a risk of a fire spreading
2 3
3 The wooden deck and pergola are both a risk as timber burns easily if not treated properly.
4 2 2
4 The wooden win-
dows are a general risk as they transmit heat and are the weakest link in the construction.
5
5 The gutter col-
lection system may pose a risk as leaves and other plant parts may gather in the system and provide an excellent fire starter close to the main house.
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Environmental Building Systems W W 1 W W W Assignment
Tut : 21 W ChuW Adrian
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house is ember proof with continuous sarking under tiling, closing off any open space underneath the decking to prevent embers from entering
2 Substitute vege-
tation shading with other shading devices such as awning windows. Choose vegetation that stays under roof ine.
3 Choose timber that
has been treated with fire retardent. Avoid gaps inW be-W W W tween boards to prevent aircirculation and settlement of embers.
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LPD
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W
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shutters and utilise non combustible materials for frames. Glazing shall be toughened.
5 Manually clean the gutter system regularly. Build in gutterguardsto prevent embers from settling.
Designing for Resilience W
W
1 The natural slope
of the site prevents a bushfire from the northern side to burn towards the house, as the site slopes downhill
1
2 The rainwater system
2
is already safe from embers as its part of the filtration system
3
3 The strawbale walls
have a high inherent fire resistance due to the high density which caters for a nearly air (oxygen) less environment in which a fire cant thrive.
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ALTERNATIVES
Build an underground protection bunker. Make sure to have oxygen bottles available, stock up on food and snacks to ease the mind, take W W W W W W W W W W W W W W water and Wgames for theW children. LPD
4 Use fire resisting
SEP
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http://www.ecospecifier.com.au/knowledge-green/articles/bushfire-shelterand-earth-covered-homes/
In case of emergency, just leave. If the flames are close enough to see and feel them, the smoke is thick enough to make breathing harder, it is time to have left already. Nothing is more important than life.
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Emma Kelly 950391
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Environmental Building Systems - ABPL20036 Semester 2 - 2018
First Rate Energy Assessment Project Information
Walls Type Insulation New Home Strawbale 450 finished 21 Melbourne Ro Airgap 40mm Suburban Internal plasterboard Stud wall R2.0 The Henrys Dandenong Ranges Emma Kelly Floors Type Insulation Ventilation 25.08.2018 CSOG Slab on Ground R 3.5 encl
Mode Climate Site Exposure Client Name Rated Address Accredited Rater Date
Energy Usage Mode
Energy (MJ/m2)
36.2 27.7 8.5
Total Heating Cooling
Area (m2)
126.5 78.4
Area (m2)
95.3
Roof/Ceiling Type
Insulation
Area (m2)
R 3.5
Vent: Attic-vented
96.5
Areas Area Net Conditioned Floor Area (NCFA) Unconditioned Room Area Garage Area
Windows
Size (m2)
84.9 10.4 0.0
Type
Tim 006-03 timber b dg argon Tim 006-04 timber a dg argon
Zones
Window Directions Zone
Kitchen/Dining Living Bedroom 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 WC Laundry Ensuite Bathroom Hallway
Student Name:
Area (m ) 2
46.9
Heating (MJ/m2)
26.1
Total Heating (MJ)
1222.1
Cooling (MJ/m2)
16.4
Total Cooling (MJ)
767.4
9.6 10.2 9.3
55.1 21.9 51.5
528.5 222.4 476.9
4.0 11.0 0.7
38.1 111.5 6.4
3.9
94.7
368.7
0.6
2.4
5.1
59.5
306.4
4.1
21.2
Emma Kelly
U-value
Student Number:
Direction N
Area (m2)
11.7
Direction E
0.31 0.18
2.0 2.0
Area (m2)
2.7
SHGC
Direction
Area (m2)
4.2
S
Direction W
Area (m2)
10.48 14.9
Area (m2)
6.9
Roof/Ceiling Penetration Type
Roof vent
950391
Location
Southern roof
Final Star Rating:
Quantity
1
8.6
Sealed
Yes
Area (m2)
0.3