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The
th Annual Meeting of April 8-9, 2017 The Endocrine Society and The Diabetes Association of the R.O.C. (Taiwan)
PD-01
CASE SERIES OF INTERFERON INDUCED TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS 1
YU-PING HUANG, 1YE-FONG DU, 1CHING-HAN LIN, 1HAO-CHANG HUNG, 1 HORNG-YIH OU 1
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
Objective Interferon-based treatment is currently used in a number of conditions, including chronic viral hepatitis, hematological malignancies, renal cell carcinoma, and melanoma. On the other hand, interferon (IFN) therapy can also trigger several autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, this adverse effect has not gained much attention. Here, we report on four cases of IFN-induced T1DM at our institution.
Methods We reviewed the clinical characteristics, anti-islet autoantibodies, and clinical course of four patients for whom T1DM developed shortly after IFN therapy since 2010. Results Three of the patients were female and one of the patients was male. The range of the age at onset of T1DM was from 38 to 55 years old. Two of them had history of T2DM before IFN treatment, but none of them had history of autoimmune diseases or family history of T1DM. The time period from initiation of the IFN therapy for their chronic hepatitis C to the onset of T1DM was 3 to 5 months. Three of them presented with diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis. They all had positive glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibodies (GAD-Ab), and the titers were extremely high in three of them. All the patients remain insulin-dependent for up to 5 years. Conclusions Fasting blood glucose level and hemoglobin A1c should be monitored during and after IFN therapy. For high-risk subjects, GAD-Ab may be screened before and after the IFN therapy to detect anti-islet autoimmunity for preventing the life threatening events (such as diabetic ketoacidosis) associated with T1DM.
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