(1) A pesca em Olhão

Escola Dr. Francisco Fernandes Lopes

“ Parece que a questão educativa não está em dar algo ao educando, mas sim em conseguir que ele o adquira; porém, podemos perguntar-nos se ele será capaz de o conseguir se não lhe dermos primeiro as motivações e os meios” Quintana Cabanas

1

Agradecimentos

Na elaboração deste trabalho foi prestimosa a ajuda dada pelo Sr. José Joaquim do Rosário Fernandes. Um verdadeiro mestre na transmissão e concretização de todos os conhecimentos que possibilitaram a construção das pequenas embarcações típicas de Olhão. Sempre pronto a ajudar, disponibilizou gentilmente livros, fotografias e testemunhos, relativos à história das embarcações e à vida difícil dos Pescadores Olhanenses.

Sem a sua colaboração, este projecto não se tinha concretizado. Um verdadeiro Olhanense que defende de alma e coração a sua cidade e que, com projectos como este, contribui para a reflexão e debate sobre o Nosso Património.

Resta-nos agradecer à Câmara Municipal de Olhão que connosco colaborou, tornando possível a divulgação deste projecto.

2

ESCOLA DR. FRANCISCO FERNANDES LOPES"

ANO LECTIVO 2010/2011

“ Ol h ã o e a s ua Arqui t ec t u ra N ava l”

Introdução

ÍNDICE INTRODUÇÃO

3

NOTA PRÉVIA

4

COMO TUDO COMEÇOU

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A PESCA !

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Galeão a vapor! !

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Galeão de Cerco

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10

MAS NÃO SÓ A SARDINHA SE PESCA OU SE TEM PESCADO EM OLHÃO. O CHICHARRO, CARAPAU OU SIMPLESMENTE “CHARRO” (COMO SE CHAMA EM OLHÃO), POR SER UMA ESPÉCIE ABUNDANTE NA NOSSA COSTA, TAMBÉM ERA MUITO PESCADO.

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Pecadores remendando as redes 13

...O MEU MARIDO ANDA À SACADA

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...A BELEZA DA RIA FORMOSA

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O CAÍQUE COM O SEU APARELHO VÉLICO SEMELHANTE AO DAS ANTIGAS CARAVELAS, COMPLETAVA UM QUADRO NATURAL DE RARA BELEZA, ONDE A MISTURA DAS CORES DAS PINTURAS DOS BARCOS E O BRANCO DAS VELAS SE MISTURAVAM COM O VERDE DO MAR.

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Fotografia de Olhão onde se pode observar o caíque

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O CAÍQUE

Caíque de Olhão,Capitão José G.A. Vidal, saído de Portugal para África

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A PESCA USADA NO CAÍQUE ERA O APARELHO DE ANZOL, TAMBÉM CONHECIDO POR PALANGRE OU ESPINEL

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18

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VIAGEM AO BRASIL

Olhão, caíque de pesca encalhado junto ao moinho da Barreta, do pintor Tavirense Francisco Gimenez. ( do Exmo. Sr. Comandante António J. Macara Junior)

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20

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OS NOSSOS MODELOS

LANCHA DA SACADA - OS CAMINHOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO

W6+')'4.(Q$%&=(&5'.%=%"%:-(&='&.+(<("#% J$/?%/$&6" %C(5/+&AS%6" 6).$%" &" ?%,)')5)0/&" 36&'&" (%5)6" +)26,$3,)$%6" 2&>&/6" (&$&" &" +)26,$3AB)" '%" (%O3%2&6" %?.&$+&AS%6" '%" ?&'%/$&" V/?()$,\2+/&" ')" ?%/)" ?)'%5)" %" ')" (5&2)" '%" +)26,$3AB)-" +)?" )" '%6%2E)"')".&$+)":%/,)"U"%6+&5&W<

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K%"=')&='&/(+.%"-4( Z&;P6%"&"($)*%+AB)" V+3$>&6"'%"24>%5W"'&6"+&>%$2&6"+)?"&6"+3$>&,3$&6"%C&+,&6" "V)2'%",%$?/2&"%"+)?%A&" &"+&>%$2&W< =%()/6" ')" (5&2)" V'%6%2E)W" +)2+534')" +)?" ,)'&6" &6" +))$'%2&'&6" +)$$%+,&6" (&$&" &" +)26,$3AB)" ')" +&>%$2&?%-" &>&2A&P6%"(&$&"&":&6%"6%03/2,%e" $%&5/;&AB)"')6"?)5'%6"'%"+&$,)5/2&" '%",)'&6"&6" +&>%$2&6<" ^66%6"?)5'%6"6B)"$%,/$&')6"')"'%6%2E)"%"+%$,/:/+&')6"+)?")"?%/)"?)'%5)<

U+(<("#%&='&5(='-+(&H&,*-"#(&'&/(1'+4(5' H)?")6"?)5'%6"'%"+&$,)5/2&-"/2/+/&P6%")",$&.&5E)"'%"?&'%/$&"+)?")"+)$,%"%"+)26,$3AB)"'&"O3/5E&"%" "'%" ,)'&6"&6"+&>%$2&6<"^6,%",$&.&5E)"$%O3%$"'%6,$%;&"2)"+)$,%"'&6"?&'%/$&6"(&$&"O3%"&6"(%A&6":/O3%?"+)?" &6"?%'/'&6"%C&+,&6-"'%":)$?&"&"2B)"'/:/+35,&$"&"63&"?)2,&0%?<" 29

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30

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31

B'/#%&=%&<(+/% L%,/$&?P6%" &6" '3&6" ($/?%/$&6" &$?&')$&6" %" /2/+/&P6%" )" :%+E)" ')" .&$+)<" ^6,&":&6%" $%O3%$"?3/,)" +3/'&')"%"($%+/6B)"2&6"?%'/'&6"')"+)$,%"'&6",@.3&6"O3%">B)"6%$"+)5&'&6"2)"%6O3%5%,)"')".&$+)<" !6" ,@.3&6",Y?" O3%"&($%6%2,&$"3?&"5/0%/$&"+3$>&,3$&"'%":)$?&"&":/+&$%?".%?" ($%6&6"%"+)5&'&6-" 2%+%66/,&2')"()$"/66)"'&"+)5)+&AB)"'%"0$&?()6<"=%>%?P6%"36&$"(%O3%2)6"($%0)6"(&$&"$%:)$A&$" &"+)5&0%?<

32

Sarretas

Macarrão

X4.'+-%+&=%&<(+/% H)5)+&AB)" '&6" 6&$$%,&6" V(%A&6" 5&,%$&/6" (&$&" &" +)5)+&AB)" ')6" .&2+)6W<" F" ($/?%/$)" .&2+)-" D" 5/0%/$&?%2,%" +3$>)" %" /$@" 63()$,&$" )" ?&6,$)-" 6%2')" ()$" /66)" 3?&" '&6" (%A&6" ?&/6" 0$)66&6" '&" %?.&$+&AB)<"b%03/'&?%2,%"+)5)+&?P6%")6")3,$)6"')/6".&2+)6< H)5)+&AB)" ')" ?&+&$$B)" '%" ($)&" O3%" >&/" 636,%2,&$" %" '&$" %6,&./5/'&'%" U" %?.&$+&AB)" %" '&6" %6+),%/$&6-")2'%",$&.&5E&"&"%6+),&-" O3%"&)"?%6?)",%?()"6%$>%"'%"R.&2O3/2E)"')"(&,$B)T"%""/$@" '&$"%6,&./5/'&'%"&)"(&/2%5"'%"()(&<

Banco

“Banquinho do patrão”

Colocação do “banquinho do patrão” 33

Coloca巽達o dos bancos

I%"%/(Q$%&=%&:*(+=(H6(.+$% H)?" )6" .&2+)6" *@"+)5)+&')6-" "()6/+/)2&?P6%")6"+E&A)6" (&$&" 6%" +)5)+&$" )" 03&$'&P(&,$B)" V,@.3&" O3%" 5/?/,&" )" &66%2,)" '&" ()(&W" %" )" %?(&2&')" (&$&" :)$?&$" &" ,&?.)+&-" O3%" 6%$@" :%+E&'&" +)?" 3?&" ,&?(&<" =%()/6-" 5/C&P6%" &" %?.&$+&AB)" '%" :)$?&"&"5/?(&$",)'&6"&6"&$%6,&6">/>&6"< I%"%/(Q$%&=(&/(<'"'-+( Z%/,&" '%" (%5%" '%" +&$2%/$)-" " 6%$>/&" (&$&" ($),%0%$" &" >%5&"

Sarretas onde s達o colocados os bancos

O3&2')"%6,&"$)A&66%"2&"($)&<

guarda patr達o

34

cabeleira

Tampa da tamboca

Mastro

Furo do mastro onde passa a ostaga

Pia onde encaixa o mastro

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Colocação do mastro

Verga

Ponta da pena onde leva o penol

35

Arganéu de proa

Arganéu rotativo

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Galindréu

36

Moitões

Painel de popa

I%"%/(Q$%&=%&"'5' Agulhas que fixam o leme

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Cunho de proa

Cunhos no painel de popa

“Pau de suporte” da verga 37

Calheta Colocação da calheta

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Sarretas

Chumaceiras 38

Toletes

Remos

Lixar o barco

Desenho da embarcação

Y-4.*+(&=(&'5<(+/(Q$% Z&;P6%" )" '%6%2E)-" +)?" &" %6+)5E&" '&" +)$" '&6" ,/2,&6" (&$&" +&'&" ;)2&"'&"%?.&$+&AB)<

Marcação das linhas de água

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Pintura da embarcação

Pintura da embarcação

Pintura da embarcação

Pintura da embarcação

Pintura da embarcação 39

Cabos para amarrar a vela

I%4).+*Q$%&'&(+5(Q$%&=(&1'"( !">%5&-":%/,&"'%"5)2&-":)/",$&A&'&"(%5&">%$0&"O3%",%?" )" +)?($/?%2,)" ')" .&$+)" ?&/6" 3?" ,%$A)" " ')" ?%6?)< !" >%5&" :)/" +)5)+&'&" &)" &5,)" %" "&($3?&'&" &)" (&/2%5" '%" ()(&-" 6&/2')" )" ,%+/')" 5/0%/$&?%2,%" :)$&" '%6,%"

Argola de corda para o moit達o

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vela presa na verga

40

Vela armada

Vela armada

Plano da embarcação - desenho à escala

Moldes das cavernas

Moldes do painel de poupa

41

Nomenclatura das peças de uma embarcação

42

A Nossa Lancha da Sacada Todos devemos defender, enquanto Nosso

cidad茫o,

o

Patrim贸nio.

O

Nosso dever, enquanto aluno,

foi

cumprido,

esperamos que outros o continuem...

43

O DÓRIS

!"(%6+&"')".&+&5E&3-"?&/6"')"O3%"3?",$&.&5E)-"%$&"3?"&+,)"'%"E%$)46?)< Desenho de João Artur e Beatriz Caetano

J)$"6%",$&,&$"'%"3?&"+)26,$3AB)"?&/6"6/?(5%6"O3%"&""5&2+E&"'&"6&+&'&-")(,)3P6%"()$"'/>350&$" 2&"2)66&"$%>/6,&-"&(%2&6"&"?%,)')5)0/&"'%",$&.&5E)"6%03/'&"2&"+)26,$3AB)"')"2)66)"'1$/6< J$/?%/$)" $%&5/;)3P6%"3?&" (%6O3/6&" 6).$%"&" +)26,$3AB)" '%" 3?"'1$/6"23?"%6,&5%/$)" V?&'%/$&" 36&'&-" +)26,$3AB)" '&6" (%A&6" %" 63&" ?)2,&0%?W<" =%()/6-" &" (&$,/$" ')" (5&2)" 0%$&5" :%;P6%" )"" '%6%2E)" +)?" )" (5&2)" '%" +)26,$3AB)" U" %6+&5&" ($%,%2'/'&<" J)$" :/?-" &" +)26,$3AB)" '&" %?.&$+&AB)< 44

A construção naval era um acumular de experiências e baseava-se no desenho e na realização de moldes, que no fim davam a perfeição ao barco.

Armando de Sousa é um desses construtores que desempenhou um

papel

importante

na

construção naval.

Com a divulgação dos seus conhecimentos, Armando

de

Sousa, pretende manter viva a arte da construção naval das embarcações tradicionais.

O DÓRIS

O material

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45

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46

PLNANO GERAL DO DÓRI

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Chumaceiras onde se colocam as forquetas

Remos

Dóris com a vela armada 49

Divulgação do projecto à Comunidade Escolar A Escola Dr. Francisco Fernandes Lopes, nos dias 9 a 13 de Maio, recebeu todos os 9º anos das escolas do Concelho de Olhão. Foi uma boa oportunidade para apresentarmos o nosso projecto, porque pensamos que a valorização do nosso Património deve passar por uma educação para a cidadania das gerações mais jovens, para que estas se responsabilizem na defesa de um Património que é delas e de todas as gerações vindouras.

50

Divulgação do projecto à Comunidade Considerando que a Escola tem por missão servir a comunidade em que se insere, respondendo às suas necessidades educativas e formativas, é através da divulgação das actividades inerentes ao projecto

que é

possível estabelecer relações de que possam resultar benefícios mútuos.

Nos dias 19 a 22 de Maio, decorreu no Jardim dos Pescadores na cidade de Olhão, a Semana da Juventude. Foi durante essa semana que os nossos trabalhos foram apresentados à nossa comunidade.

51

Bibliografia E(+<%)(;&F%)G;&0123/,*,/451$/666,*&,7%89/666,)*-%*:;*2"P"H\?&$&"a32/+/(&5"'%"F5EB)<"7ppg& [%*)(;&W+5(4=%<,=/%*31&,$",'22/!1"#9/,$*,>*-*2",$/,?"3)1&@+1/,A"34)"%,*,B4%34)"%,$", C*D19/,$*,'5*1)/-"7puh-"29"7g B'":*'-+();&!/.D1-%&\->(;&GH)"1+*1)"2T-"%'/AB)"H[["H)$$%/)6 V(++-=%;&]"1(+%;&G',I(/(*1",$/,="!"%8"42T-"%'/AB)"H[["H)$$%/)6 "WY![;&&'22/!1"#9/,$*,0"%/)1."#9/,$/,?"3)1&@+1/,B4%34)"%,*,'&E1*+3"%,$*,7%89/

A'1-).(;" RF/)+"%, $/, ?*2!"$/$T" 29" g7d-" '%" ])>%?.$)"

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52

Escola Dr. Francisco Fernandes Lopes

Ficha TĂŠcnica NĂşcleo do Ambiente Ano lectivo 2010/2011

Trabalho realizado pelos alunos do 12! H: Beatriz Caetano Jo!o Artur Ruben Barnab"

53

O Patrim贸nio Natural e Cultural 茅 de todos e todos o devemos preservar

54