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Contents ▋ 爭點隨身書引導講堂 ▋ 第壹篇

票據法

Ch.1 票據法架構 ························································· 003 Ch.2 票據法爭點 ························································· 005 一、票據法思考流程 ·········································································· 005 二、票據法原則 ·················································································· 005 三、票據法特殊記載事項 ··································································· 006 四、票據法善意取得之要件 ······························································· 006 五、票據法之權利保護 ······································································· 007 六、票據遺失之救濟程序（§19） ···················································· 007 七、票據法爭點 ·················································································· 008 Issue01 本票執票人不於到期日或其後二日內為付款提示，對於 發票人是否喪失追索權？ ·············································· 008 Issue02 支票發票日後所為之背書是否為期後背書？ ················ 010 Issue03 期後背書是否可以善意取得票據權利？ ························ 012 Issue04 票據債務人得否以他人與執票人間之原因關係為抗 辯？ ··············································································· 013

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Contents Issue05 票據債務人得否以自己與執票人間之原因關係為抗 辯？ ··············································································· 015 Issue06 票據上時效應如何計算，發票日當日是否應行算入？·· 016 Issue07 支票執票人向付款人（如銀行）請求付款，是否係向發 票人請求之意思，而可中斷時效？ ······························· 017 Issue08 票據法第 22 條第 2 項所規定之追索權時效為四個月， 若因請求而中斷時效，則其之後起訴期間是否按民法第 130 條為六個月？·························································· 018 Issue09 利益償還請求權之消滅時效期間為何？若原因關係之 時效期間較短，有何影響？ ·········································· 020 Issue10 銀行金庫或信用合作社對於貸款戶在各該行庫社設有 甲種存戶（即支票戶）者，得否根據貸款契約內有關約 定抵銷之條款，或民法第 334 條抵銷之規定，就已到 期而未受償之債務，與該債務人之存款，予以抵銷？·· 022 Issue11 票據行為人僅於票據上簽名，尚欠缺其他絕對必要記載 事項，該票據非因票據行為人之意思而流通，且流通時 被補充，票據行為人對於非因惡意或重大過失之執票人 應否負責？ ···································································· 023 Issue12 票據已完成必要記載事項及簽名後，因遺失或被盜等非 因為票據行為人之意思而流通者，票據行為人應否對善 意執票人負責？ ····························································· 024 Issue13 票據之發票人欄僅蓋公司印章以及負責人之章，而未表 明代理意旨，其效力為何？ ·········································· 025 Issue14 票據上僅蓋商號印章，未由商號負責人簽名或蓋章，是 否肯認已生發票之效力？ ·············································· 026 Issue15 無記名票據是否有背書連續？······································· 028 -2-

Contents Issue16 發票行為無效時，背書行為是否有效？ ························ 029 Issue17 無效票據不得為公示催告 ·············································· 031 Issue18 委任取款背書作成後如何有效撤回？應否塗銷該背書 及委任取款意旨之記載，始能有效撤回？ ···················· 032 Issue19 委任取款背書撤回後，若未塗銷背書而交付他人，是否 應解為轉換成轉讓背書？ ·············································· 033 Issue20 本票強制執行範圍限縮 ·················································· 034

Ch.3 必背實務見解 ······················································ 037 Ch.4 票據法重要實務見解 ··········································· 045

▋ 第貳篇

保險法

Ch.1 保險法架構 ························································· 063 Ch.2 保險法爭點 ························································· 065 一、保險之劃分 ·················································································· 065 Issue01 保險與類似保險之區分？ ·············································· 065 二、保險法基本原則 ·········································································· 066 Issue01 保險人得否基於共同被保險人一人之故意行為而完全 免責？············································································ 067 三、保險契約性質 ·············································································· 068 Issue01 保險契約是否為要式契約？ ·········································· 068 Issue02 保險契約是否為要物契約？ ·········································· 069

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Contents Issue03 保險人預先保費，保險事故發生而拒絕承保時，應如何 因應？············································································ 070 Issue04 被保險人甲於保險契約所訂等待期間內罹癌，則保險人 A 應否負理賠之責？ ····················································· 071 Issue05 公司合併後，原保險契約之效力？ ······························· 072 Issue06 恐怖主義攻擊活動與保險理賠之關係？ ························ 073 四、保險契約之分類 ·········································································· 074 積極保險與消極保險 ··································································· 074 人身保險與財產保險 ··································································· 074 損害保險與定額保險 ··································································· 074 定值保險與不定值保險 ······························································· 074 五、保險契約主體之相關人 ······························································· 074 受益人（§5） ············································································ 074 Issue01 受益人之適用險種 ························································· 074 Issue02 保險契約得約定要保人更改受益人時須履行一定程 序？ ··············································································· 075 Issue03 受益人是否須具備保險利益？人身保險之利益存在時 點？ ··············································································· 077 保險業務員（§8-1） ································································· 078 Issue04 保險人之保險業務員有無受領告知之權限？ ················ 078 六、保險利益······················································································ 079 保險利益之作用 ·········································································· 079 保險利益之對決（英美法系 VS.歐陸法系） ······························· 079 保險利益存在時點 ······································································· 080 -4-

Contents Issue01 信託受託人為受益人之保險利益 ··································· 080 七、保險契約之內容控制原則與解釋原則 ········································· 084 Issue01 約定「保險金請求權自得請求之日起經過 3 年不行使 而消滅」，其效力為何？ ·············································· 084 Issue02 強制汽車責任險保險金請求權其消滅時效之起算點 ····· 085 Issue03 重大疾病保險之附約，設有合法等待期間，然被保險人 於等待期間罹癌，保險人應否負理賠之責？ ················ 086 Issue04 損失發現期間條款是否應予承認？ ······························· 088 八、特約條款與除外條款 ··································································· 089 九、危險承擔······················································································ 090 Issue01 保險事故之發生，係由承保危險之因素及未承保危險之 因素共同造成，且共同原因對損害之發生均具有因果關 係時，應如何處理？ ····················································· 090 Issue02 保險法第 29 條第 2 項本文「過失」是否包含重大過失？ · 091 Issue03 要保人或被保險人因「過失」或「重大過失」行為所致 之損失，保險人於理賠時，得否主張民法第 217 條過 失相抵？ ········································································ 092 Issue04 保險法上故意之認定？ ·················································· 093 十、據實說明義務 ·············································································· 094 Issue01 被保險人是否應盡據實說明義務？ ······························· 094 Issue02 保險事故之發生與未據實說明是否需要有因果關係？·· 096 Issue03 追溯保險與說明義務之爭議 ·········································· 097 Issue04 追溯保險與保前疾病之爭議 ·········································· 099

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Contents Issue05 保險人以書面詢問事項，視為或推定重要事項之功能？ ······················································································· 100 Issue06 保險人指定特約醫生為被保險人健檢之爭議？ ············· 101 Issue07 壽險保件復效時應盡據實說明義務？ ··························· 103 Issue08 解除權行使之兩年除斥期間適用，是否以兩年期間內未 發生事故為必要？ ························································· 105 Issue09 保險人逾越保險法第 64 條第 3 項除斥期間而未為解 約，得否另提民法第 92 條撤銷被詐欺之意思表示？ ··· 106 Issue10 被保險人之告知義務之範圍？······································· 107 Issue11 要保人告知義務之範圍？違反主約告知義務，其附約之 效力？············································································ 108 十一、危險增加通知義務 ··································································· 109 主要法條－第 59 條····································································· 109 危險增加之要件 ·········································································· 109 Issue01 主觀危險增加且怠於通知保險人時得否解約？ ············· 110 Issue02 客觀危險增加且怠於通知保險人時得否解約？ ············· 111 十二、超額保險 ·················································································· 112 保險金額 VS.保險價額 ································································ 112 Issue01 定值保險是否適用超額保險？······································· 113 十三、保險代位 ·················································································· 115 Issue01 人身保險有無保險代位之適用？ ··································· 115 Issue02 「汽車交通事故」、「公共安全事故」、「其他重大之 交通事故、公害或食品中毒事件」，按全民健康保險法 第 95 條第 1 項，得代位行使對他人之損害賠償請求

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Contents 權。惟爭點在於，非全民健康保險法第 95 條第 1 項所 列舉之事項，是否得以行使代位權？ ··························· 116 Issue03 再保險契約是否有保險代位之適用？ ··························· 118 Issue04 誠實保證保險與人事保證之代位關係 ··························· 120 Issue05 保險代位是否有民法第 297 條之適用？ ······················· 122 Issue06 限制行為能力人之書面同意得否由其法定代理人代為 之？ ··············································································· 123 Issue07 保險代位制度是否仍適用具有損失填補性質之中間性 保險？············································································ 125 十四、複保險······················································································ 126 要件

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Issue01 人身保險是否適用複保險之規範？ ······························· 126 Issue02 複保險與保險競合之區別與比較 ··································· 129 Issue03 具有損失填補性質之中間性保險（消極保險）是否有複 保險規定之適用？又保險人應如何給付保險金？ ········· 130 十五、保險法分類 ·············································································· 131 責任保險······················································································ 131 Issue01 未經保險人參與所為之和解之效力？ ··························· 131 Issue02 當受害之第三人按保險法第 94 條第 2 項直接向被保險 人請求給付時，保險人得否以對抗被保險人之事由，對 抗第三人？ ···································································· 132 保證保險······················································································ 133 Issue03 受僱人不法行為是否須具備刑事不法性？ ···················· 133 人壽保險······················································································ 135 Issue04 未成年人可否由法定代理人代為同意？ ························ 135

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Contents Issue05 喪葬費用之保險性質 ····················································· 136 傷害保險······················································································ 138 Issue06 高山症導致死亡是否為意外事故？ ······························· 138 Issue07 接受手術而導致失能是否屬於傷害保險之承保範圍？·· 140 健康保險······················································································ 141 Issue08 被保險人善意不知疾病或妊娠情況存在，保險人是否仍 需負責？ ········································································ 141 Issue09 健康保險契約是否因訂約時即有疾病而影響其效力？·· 142

Ch.3 保險法重要實務見解 ··········································· 143

▋ 第參篇

海商法

Ch.1 海商法架構 ························································· 157 Ch.2 海商法爭點 ························································· 159 一、海商法之意義 ·············································································· 159 海上企業活動涉及人、物、行為 ················································ 159 航海危險······················································································ 160 國際貿易之推動 ·········································································· 160 二、海商法船舶 ·················································································· 160 船舶定義······················································································ 160 非海商法所適用之船舶 ······························································· 160 適用海商法船舶之要件 ······························································· 160 船舶所有人意思 ·········································································· 161

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Contents 三、船舶強制執行 ·············································································· 161 船舶之強制執行（海商法之船舶準用不動產執行；非海商法之 船舶適用於動產執行） ······························································· 161 船舶所有人意思 ·········································································· 161 船舶之不動產性 ·········································································· 162 Issue01 船舶僅取得發航許可證書，是否可認為發航準備完成？ ······················································································· 164 船舶強制執行查封之限制圖 ························································ 165 四、船舶之人格性 ·············································································· 165 船舶之國籍 ·················································································· 165 船名 ····························································································· 165 船籍港 ························································································· 166 五、船舶所有權 ·················································································· 166 船舶所有權 ·················································································· 166 船舶所有權移轉之效力（針對託運人及傭船人）······················· 168 Issue01 傭船運送得否適用民法第 425 條「買賣不破租賃」之 原則？············································································ 168 船舶所有權之取得與喪失···························································· 170 六、船舶共有······················································································ 171 定義 ····························································································· 171 船舶共有人相互間的權利義務關係 ············································· 171 本章簡易體系圖 ·········································································· 174

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Contents 七、船舶所有人責任限制 ··································································· 174 船舶所有人責任限制（§21） ···················································· 174 船舶所有人責任限制立法理由 ···················································· 175 我國制度（船價主義為主，金額主義為輔） ······························ 176 船價主義之責任限制 ··································································· 177 船舶所有人責任限制之債權（§21Ｉ） ····································· 177 船舶所有人責任限制之例外，乃指不適用前述責任限制規定之 情形，而一旦發生此類特定之情形，船舶所有人不得主張責任 限制（§22） ·············································································· 179 八、海事優先權 ·················································································· 181 定義 ····························································································· 181 立法理由······················································································ 181 特色 ····························································································· 181 優先權之項目（特定債權）包括了五種情形（§24） ··············· 182 Issue01 若對於船舶所有人之債權同時具備契約責任及侵權責 任之請求權時，可否再行主張海事優先權？ ················ 183 海事優先權 ·················································································· 184 Issue02 後來居上原則是否應以限縮解釋？ ······························· 187 海事優先權之消滅 ······································································· 188 Issue03 船舶經拍賣，拍定物之效力為何？ ······························· 188 九、船舶抵押權（ship mortgage） ··················································· 189 定義 ····························································································· 189 船舶抵押權相關整理 ··································································· 190

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Contents 十、海上貨物運送 ·············································································· 190 定義 ····························································································· 190 貨物運送契約為二種 ··································································· 190 件貨運送契約與傭船契約比較？ ················································ 191 Issue01 船舶所有權之移轉，是否變更運送主體？（僅就傭船契 約而論，乃因件貨契約就海商法第 41 條，並無爭議。） ······················································································· 193 運送人權利 ·················································································· 194 Issue02 運送人非以約定之船舶從事運送，有無違反運送契約？ ······················································································· 194 運送人之義務 ·············································································· 195 Issue03 貨物照管義務與適載性義務之適用範圍及內容？ ········· 196 Issue04 適航性時點？ ································································ 198 Issue05 海商法第 62 條採航程主義或航段主義？······················ 199 運送人之責任 ·············································································· 200 Issue06 運送人依海商法之規定寄存貨物，其法律上效果是否等 同將貨物「交付」之效力？ ·········································· 200 Issue07 載貨證券背面載明「起訴前應先經仲裁」條款之效力？ ······················································································· 202 Issue08 寄存於海關之保稅倉庫是否該當海商法第 56 條規定之 交付？············································································ 204 Issue09 我國海商法之適用範圍是否及於貨物之在港期間？ ····· 205 海商法上「貨物運送人之免責事由」 ········································· 206 Issue10 貨物「遲到」所生之損害，運送人或船舶所有人得否按 海商法第 69 條主張免責？ ············································ 207 Issue11 運送人同時為船長時，若船長有航海上之過失，運送人 應否免責？ ···································································· 209

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Contents Issue12 適航性義務之舉證責任分配 ·········································· 210 單位責任限制 ·············································································· 212 Issue13 責任限制金額上法律上之性質為何？ ··························· 213 載貨證券······················································································ 214 Issue14 載貨證券背面之轉船及準據法條款之效力？ ················ 215 Issue15 載貨證券（B/L）、電報放貨及海上貨運單（Sea Way bill）三種方式之差異？ ················································ 216 Issue16 據告知條款之效力？ ····················································· 217 海上旅客運送 ·············································································· 218 船舶拖帶······················································································ 220 十一、船舶碰撞 ·················································································· 220 定義 ····························································································· 220 船舶碰撞之責任 ·········································································· 220 時效規定······················································································ 221 Issue01 船舶所有人因自身船舶該當過失，進而碰撞導致他方船 舶受有損害，於賠償他方船舶所有人後，得否向自身船 舶有過失之船長及海員等行內部求償？ ························ 222 十二、海難救助 ·················································································· 222 定義 ····························································································· 222 救助方式······················································································ 223 Issue01 海商法第 103 條與民法第 176 條無因管理之關係為 何？ ··············································································· 224 十三、共同海損 ·················································································· 225 定義 ····························································································· 225 共同海損之成立要件 ··································································· 225 -12-

Contents 損害 ····························································································· 226 相關費用（§114） ···································································· 228 共同海損之分擔 ·········································································· 228 時效 ····························································································· 228 擔保 ····························································································· 228 共同海損之回復 ·········································································· 229 委棄免責權 ·················································································· 229 Issue01 共同海損分擔義務人對於船貨復得人請求返還分擔額 之請求權時效為何？ ····················································· 229

Ch.3 海商法重要實務見解 ··········································· 231

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‫ۏ‬ӈΡತХ‫ۏ‬ӈ࠶घՄᄤӱ‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡धਪȄ‫ۏ‬ӈΡᄤӱ‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬ ෡धਪਢȂ։‫ٺ‬ҐӣਢԝӱಉᐃЅ༯᎛‫࣏ܚڏ‬Ϟ‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡ध ਪȂ‫ڏ‬ф౩᠌௲ᇄϞᄤӱ‫ھ‬ณϫ࣏ԤਝȂծӰҐ༯᎛‫࣏ܚڏ‬Ϟ ‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡धਪȂ஠ᒸ੼ೝधਪΡӵ‫ל‬Ԓΰϫ‫ڎ‬Ԥၥਿ௲ᇄϞਝ ΨȄӰԪȂ߬ᒦೝधਪΡ‫ڎ‬Ԥ‫ڧ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡ၥਿϞಉᐃ༆୛ΡȂष அܻ๡ཎ‫ܖ‬ฒ१σႆѶՄп෡Ȃ‫఼ڏ‬ᓻϫҡਝΨȄ

ક ᚠ ‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡धਪϞ༯᎛ПԒȂᔖҥधਪΡ༯᎛‫ڏ‬᛫ӪЅ‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡ ᜰ ཎԟϞ଄ၷȂۖҡ༯᎛ϞਝΨȄ ᗤ

Issue 19

१ौ࡙Ȉɜɜɜɜɜ

‫ ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡धਪᄤӱࡣȂषҐ༯᎛धਪՄҺптΡȂ࢐֏ᔖ၌࣏ ᙽ඲ԙᙽᡱधਪȉ *֋‫ا‬ໞ֤Ȉɛࠧ௱ጢఉ! ɛϘߢҗႋ! ɛ౮๑Ԟ໪! ɛᏦᡝըዴ! ! !

ಉᐃ‫ݲ‬಑ 40 నȈ ̓ஈಉΡо‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡ϞҬ‫ޟ‬Մ࣏धਪਢȂᔖܻ༘ಉΰ଄ၷϞȄ

ᜰ ˶ࠉ໶ೝधਪΡȂு՗‫༘ٺ‬ಉΰΙϸ᠌ցȂ‫ٮ‬ுоӣΙҬ‫؁ޟ‬ ᗤ ࣏धਪȄ ‫ݲ‬ న ˷‫ڏ‬ԩϞೝधਪΡ‫ܚ‬ு՗‫ٺ‬Ϟ᠌ցȂᇄ಑ΙೝधਪΡӣȄ ˸ಉᐃ༆୛Ρᄇܻ‫ڧ‬ӈΡ‫ܚ‬ுඪюϞ‫៝ת‬Ȃоுᄇ‫ۏת‬ӈΡ‫ޱ‬ ࣏३Ȅ ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 102 ԑ࡙Ѯᙏΰԅ಑ 17 ဴҕ‫ٱ‬ր‫ؚ‬Ȉ

ᄂ ՍܻЛಉஈಉΡо‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡࣏Ҭ‫࣏ܚޟ‬ϞधਪȂ༉߽௲ᇄೝधਪ ୛ َ Ρԝ‫ڥ‬ಉ෡Ϟф౩᠌Ȃ‫ٮ‬Ϛีҡಉᐃ᠌ցಋᙽϞਝ‫ݎ‬Ȃಉᐃ᠌ց ၌ Ρϫ឴धਪΡ‫ܚ‬ԤȂԪᢎӣ‫ݲ‬಑ 144 నྥҢ಑ 40 నϞೣۡՌ ݂Ȅи‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡धਪϞधਪΡȂϚ፣դਢȂ֯ுᄇ‫ڧ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡Ϟ

ǗChapter 2

ಉᐃ‫ތݲ‬ᘈǗ

033

ΡԝӱಉᐃЅኪӱф౩᠌Ϟ௲ᇄȂՄӱඈ‫ڏ‬ᄇܻЛಉϞࡻԤȂ ‫ٮ‬அܻಉᐃϞࢺ೽‫ܒ‬ȂӔ஠၎Лಉ‫ٷ‬धਪЅҺпՄᙽᡱϞȄ ‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡धਪषభᙽ඲ԙᙽᡱधਪȂϫᔖӑ༯᎛‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡ཎԟ Ϟ଄ၷȂۖಒಉᐃϞМဎ‫ܒ‬Ѕࡊᢎ၌ភনࠌȄάҏӇೝΰວΡ

Ᏸ Ϟधਪ߽ӵಉᐃध७ȶ፜ሴ෡ΡܻҏຎጣួϱधਪȂຎጣѴ፜ ᇳ ϼਪቸМԅȷϞួϱȂՄߨӵȶधਪണடҢୢȷϞួϱȂи‫ٮ‬ َ Ґ༯᎛‫ڏ‬ӵȶඪҰΡȞ՗ȟ༲ቸԆ෡ழဴ‫ܖ‬фဴȷួϱ‫ܚ‬༲ၷ ၌ ‫ڏ‬೩ܻӫ৲ሚ՗ཱི෹Ϸ՗ȶɒɒɒɒɒɒɒɒɒɒɒɒɒȷϞ Ԇ෡ழဴȂ࢈࢐֏૖ӰΰວΡԤԝ‫ڥ‬ೝΰວΡϞ෡໶Ȃ։џᇯ ۡ‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡धਪՌଢ଼ᙽ඲ԙᙽᡱधਪȂխԤӔϠ௤ؑϞᎷӴȄ

ક ᚠ ‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡धਪषభᙽ඲ԙᙽᡱधਪȂϫᔖӑ༯᎛‫ۏ‬ӈ‫ڥ‬෡ཎԟ ᜰ Ϟ଄ၷȂۖಒಉᐃϞМဎ‫ܒ‬Ѕࡊᢎ၌ភনࠌȄ ᗤ

Issue 20

१ौ࡙Ȉɜɜɜɜɜ

ҏ ಉ஼‫ڙ‬ஈ՗ጒ൜३ᕻ *֋‫ا‬ໞ֤Ȉɛࠧ௱ጢఉ! ɛϘߢҗႋ! ɛ౮๑Ԟ໪! ɛᏦᡝըዴ! ! !

ಉᐃ‫ݲ‬಑ 123 నȈ ஈಉΡөҏಉีಉΡ՗‫ٺ‬ଡષ᠌ਢȂுᖐ፜‫ݲ‬଱ຘۡࡣ஼‫ڙ‬ஈ ՗Ȅ

ᜰ ಉᐃ‫ݲ‬಑ 123 నȞওғ૩ਰȟȈ ᗤ ̓ஈಉΡөҏಉีಉΡ՗‫ٺ‬ଡષ᠌ਢȂுᖐ፜‫ݲ‬଱ຘۡࡣ஼‫ڙ‬ ‫ݲ‬ ஈ՗Ȅ న ˶ࠉ໶Ϟҏಉо‫ۏ‬ଊߜᒊཾ‫ܖޱ‬฻෈ಉ‫ڔ‬໱ϛ߳ᆓ๖ᆗᐠᄺ࣏ ᐊ࿋п෡ΡȂ‫ܖ‬ஈಉΡ࣏ሚ՗ཾȃၻཾߜᒊᐠᄺȃᜌ‫෈ڔ‬ೲ ཾȃ߳ᓎཾ‫ܖ‬ᄂԝၥҏ᚞ႀཱིᇃᄌΠቇϯоΰϞᒊၥ‫ܒ‬નၩ ཾ‫࣏ޱ‬३Ȅ

034

಑൦ጕ! ಉᐃ‫ݲ‬

಑3ണ ҆धᄂ୛ َ၌ 1

] ⠧ 07! ีѨ 01

ᙷ‫ݭ‬

ዋϡ၁ચ֍ྋ

ಉ ᐃ ΰ ଄ 53 ԑѮΰԅ಑ 1930 ဴր‫ٽ‬Ȉ ၷ ҏ ‫ ܚ ݲ‬ಉᐃΰ଄ၷҏ‫ܚݲ‬ϚೣۡϞ‫ٱ‬໶ȂϚҡಉᐃΰϞ Ϛ ೣ ۡ Ϟ ਝΨȂ࣏ಉᐃ‫ݲ‬಑ΪΠన‫݂ۡܚ‬ȂՄ‫ٷ‬ӣ‫ݲ‬಑Ι ‫ٱ‬໶

ԻѲΪѲనᜰܻ߳ᜌϞೣۡȂࢋϚྥҢܻЛಉȂ ࠌԪ໶ܻЛಉΰёȶ೿ள߳ᜌΡȷϞधਪȂ༉ҡ धਪਝΨȄ 100 ԑ࡙Ѯᙏΰԅ಑ 9 ဴຘۡȈ

02

၎Мԅᇄҏಉᔖ଄ၷȶฒనӇᐊӈЛпȷϞ‫ܒ‬፴ ࣚញȂ։឴Ґ଄ၷȶฒనӇᐊӈЛпȷ Ȃ‫ތف‬ҏಉ ՌӰՄฒਝȄҏಉϞีಉ՗࣏ᗶณ࢐‫ࡡݲ‬՗࣏Ȃ ծஅܻಉᐃоȶฒనӇȷ๝пՄߴԙಉᐃࢺ೽Ϟҏ ፴ौؑȂҏಉีಉϚுȶߣనӇȷȂΙҍҏಉีಉ ΡᄇҏಉϞีಉߣΰ੫ۡϞ၌ଶనӇ‫ܖ‬ୄХన ӇȂ឴ܻಉᐃ଄ၷϞԤ৛‫ٱ‬໶ȂԪΙีಉ՗࣏һ឴ ฒਝȄ ൐ ᐿ ՗ ࣏ ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 67 ԑ࡙಑ 6 ԩҕ‫ٱ‬৳৳௰ᖂོដ‫ؚ‬ដ ี՗ᇳ

ǁȈ ЛಉีಉΡಉᐃ༆୛ϞԙҳȂᔖоีಉΡҺпЛ ಉܻ‫ڧ‬෡Ρ‫ׇ‬ԙีಉ՗࣏ϞਢР࣏ྥȂՍЛಉ‫ܚ‬ ၷีಉР෈Ȃ༉߽՗‫ٺ‬ಉᐃ༆᠌Ϟ३‫ڙ‬Ȟ୤ྱಉ ᐃ‫ݲ‬಑ΙԻΠΪΤన಑Π໶ȟ ȂϚ૖ᇯ߽ಉᐃ༆୛ ԙҳϞਢ෈Ȅ

1

˫ʁ૪Ֆ⣲⤟Ŋಂʢᆯ‫א‬Խሷ〦ṠჇᘍ᱿≙⥶Ŋⵣሳ౑⣲᱿౑઼ŊࡣᔍŊ ɺહ⣬૽Ң⋍⬚͗Ŋ᳖ӷ≙㆛Ŋ᳅࿲⿭⿧⣲ୀ೧ᮢӛŊ֯‫ר‬വӠȯ

ǗChapter 3

҆धᄂ୛َ၌Ǘ

037

03

‫ ݲ‬Ρ ࣏ ಉ ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 67 ԑ࡙಑ 7 ԩҕ‫ٱ‬৳৳௰ᖂོដ‫ؚ‬ដ ᐃ՗࣏

ǀȈ ࢚޶ӋԤ३ϴѧӵߜᒊᐠᜰ೩ҳҦᆍԆИȂሴ‫ڥ‬ Лಉᛩ‫ٺ‬ҢȂघۡИӪ࣏࢚ϴѧȂӟᠦଶϴѧӟ ണЅီ‫ؽߝٱ‬ണѴȂήӔёΙᅿᄆΡ‫ؽ‬ണȞҬ‫ޟ‬ ӵ٩ီ‫ߝٱ‬ᕀีЛಉȟȂԃЛಉΰȂԤΙӟണϚ ಒȂ։ᔖଝಉȄ༡ϴѧ։оΰक़έӟണ᛫ีЛಉȂ ᐣԤԑ‫ܚ‬Ȃࡣ၎ϴѧইഖȂЛಉϚᕕչ౪Ȃஈಉ ΡᇯᅿᄆΡ࣏ӓӣีಉΡȂᄇϞວ፜఼ᓻಉ෡Ȃ Ԥฒ౩ҥȂᔖҥಉᐃӒᡝ଄ၷϞ‫ל‬ԒЅԟ፸ᢎ ϞȂԃ‫ٷ‬Ιૡ‫ོޥ‬ᢎ‫܈‬Ȃٗᇯ၎ᅿᄆΡϞ᛫ӪȂ ߽࣏ϴѧ࣏ีಉ՗࣏‫ޱ‬ȂࠌϚ૖ᇯ၎ᅿᄆΡ࣏ӓӣ ีಉΡȄ 41 ԑѮΰԅ಑ 764 ဴր‫ٽ‬Ȉ ф౩Ρ࣏ҏΡี՗ಉᐃȂҐၷ݂࣏ҏΡф౩Ϟԟ Մ᛫Ӫܻಉᐃ‫ޱ‬ȂᔖՌ॒ಉᐃΰϞ೰ӈȂ‫࣏ھ‬ಉ ᐃ‫ݲ‬಑ϲన‫݂ۡܚ‬Ȃ௙‫ܚ‬ᒝၷ݂࣏ҏΡф౩Ϟ ԟȂಉᐃ‫ٮݲ‬Ґ൷Ԫ೩ԤೣۡПԒȂ࢈ф౩Ρܻ ‫ڏ‬ф౩᠌३ϱȂоҏΡӪဎᇐҏΡӪണȂ‫ٮ‬Ռ՗ ᛫Ӫܻಉᐃ‫ޱ‬ȂᖃҐၷԤф౩ΡԅኺȂՄҥಉᐃ Ӓᡝ଄ၷϞ፸ԟᢎϞȂԃ‫ོޥٷ‬ᢎ‫܈‬ȂٗᇯԤ࣏ ҏΡϞф౩ᜰ߽Ԇӵ‫ޱ‬ȂϫᜲᒝߨϐԤ࣏ҏΡф ౩ϞԟϞၷ݂Ȅ

04

ູ᠌ф౩ 51 ԑѮΰԅ಑ 1326 ဴր‫ٽ‬Ȉ ಉᐃ߽Мဎᜌ‫ڔ‬Ȃӵಉᐃ᛫Ӫ‫ޱ‬Ȃ‫ٷ‬ಉΰ‫ܚ‬ၷМ ဎ॒೰Ȃಉᐃ‫ݲ‬಑Ϊన಑Ι໶ೣۡȓȶฒф౩᠌ Մоф౩ΡӪဎ᛫Ӫܻಉᐃ‫ޱ‬ȂᔖՌ॒ಉᐃΰϞ ೰ӈȷ։ҏԪဎȂӣన಑Π໶‫ܚ‬ၷȂູ᠌ф౩ᇄ ΰक़ฒ᠌ф౩ೣܻۡӣΙనМȂ࿋ณϫ߽ࡾф౩ Ρ᛫ဍՌϏϞӪဎ‫ޱ‬ՄِȂषҏΡ஠ӪണҺᇄф ౩ΡȂՄф౩Ρູ᠌஠ҏΡӪണᇐܻಉᐃ‫ޱ‬ȂՌฒ

038

಑൦ጕ! ಉᐃ‫ݲ‬

ҏనϞᎌҢȄԃᒝҐ៩ӪϞф౩Ρ໸॒ಉᐃϞ೰ ӈȂ҆஠ѶўಉᐃϞौԟȂ࢈ಉᐃ༉ᇐҏΡӪဎ Ϟყണ‫ޱ‬ȂϚ૖‫ٷ‬ಉᐃ‫ݲ‬಑Ϊన‫ڼ‬Ґ៩ӪဎϞф ౩Ρ॒ಉᐃϞ೰ӈȂՍҏΡᔖ֏॒೰Ȃᔖ‫ٷ‬ҏన оѴϞ‫ڏ‬тҕ‫ݲٱ‬ೣ‫ݲ‬౩၌‫ؚ‬ϞȄ Ȟ‫ٽ‬ԃԤಉᐃ‫ݲ‬ ಑ΪѲనȂҕ‫ݲ‬಑ΙԻႭΜన௑‫ޱל‬Ȃᔖ‫ٷ‬Ө၎ నϞೣۡ೎౩Ȅȟ 05

ު ҩ ௲ ᠌ ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 70 ԑ࡙಑ 18 ԩҕ‫ٱ‬৳ོដ‫ؚ‬ដǀȈ ಉᐃ

Ҧ᛫ีҐ଄ၷีಉРϞЛಉषϓ஻ҺпеȂࢋϐ ‫ؚۡ‬о༡ࡣؐТϞΪϤР࣏ีಉРȂᡥеംТྱ ༲Ι஻Ȃо‫ׇ‬ԙีಉ՗࣏ȂࠌҦϚႆое࣏‫ڏ‬༲ ቸีಉРϞᐠᜰȂ‫ߨٮ‬௲᠌еȂ‫ڏٺ‬Ռ՗‫ؚۡ‬ਝ ‫ݎ‬ཎࡦȂф࣏ಉᐃ՗࣏Մ‫ޢ‬௥ᄇҦีҡਝΨȂՌ ᇄ‫ܚ‬ᒝȶުҩ௲᠌ಉᐃȷϞ௲᠌࣏ಉᐃ՗࣏ϚӣȄ ༡е஠ΰ໠Ґ༲ၷีಉРϞЛಉΙ஻ҺпΚȂᙽ ᡥΚྱ༲ีಉРȂΚ‫ٷ‬ᡥྱ༲Ȃ‫ׇ‬ԙีಉ՗࣏Ȃ ΚһϚႆ‫ྱٷ‬Ҧনӑ‫ؚۡ‬ϞཎࡦȂᗓᙽшհ༲ቸ ีಉРϞᐠᜰȂᇄҦՌ՗༲ቸีಉР‫ׇ‬ԙ᛫ีЛ ಉϞ՗࣏ฒ౴ȂΚஈԪЛಉ፜ؑҦ‫ٷ‬ಉΰ‫ܚ‬ၷМ ဎ॒೰ȂҦ։ϚுоЛಉߑҐ଄ၷีಉРՄк஻ ฒਝȂԪᆍ௑‫ל‬Ȃᇄಉᐃ‫ݲ‬಑ΪΙన಑Π໶ೣۡȂ ‫ۦ‬ฒᜰਖ਼Ȅ

06

‫ ܢ‬๘ п ෡ 52 ԑѮΰԅ಑ 1195 ဴր‫ٽ‬Ȉ ᜌਪ

‫ܢ‬๘п෡ᜌਪȂΝᜌ݂ஈಉΡϐ‫࣏ݲٷ‬ಉᐃ᠌ց Ϟ՗‫߳ܖٺ‬ӒϞौԒᜌਪȂ‫ڏ‬Ҭ‫߽ޟ‬ӵջଶஈಉ ΡᖞᜌϞྮȂЅಉᐃ༆୛Ρฒ‫ڧ‬ລ෢ϞᄒՄϐȄ ҏӇЛಉࢋငп෡ΡܻғІ‫ڍ‬७Ϸտёᇐ‫ܢ‬๘‫܁‬ ‫پ‬Иᘖ଄Ȃ‫ٮ‬Ѫ՗ᇧհଝಉ౩ҥ൐Ȃ଄݂‫ٱڏ‬ҥ Ѕ‫ڏ‬ԑȃТȃР‫ٮ‬ёᇐӟണȂᡗٗоᜌ݂ஈಉΡ ϐ՗‫߳ܖٺ‬Ӓ‫ڏ‬ಉᐃΰϞ᠌ցՄЧ໸Ѫ՗ᖞᜌȂ

ǗChapter 3

҆धᄂ୛َ၌Ǘ

039

һٗо؇٩ಉᐃ༆୛Ρᎏ‫ڧ‬ລ৛Ȃ࣏߳៖༆᠌Ρ Ϟ᠌ցॎȂՌᔖຜ࣏ᇄհԙ‫ܢ‬๘ᜌਪԤӣΙϞਝ ΨȄ 07

ӻ ኵ ᛫ ണ 74 ԑѮΰԅ಑ 2014 ဴր‫ٽ‬Ȉ ਢ

фߒᇄф౩‫ھ‬ϚࣺӣȂ௙ᜰܻϴѧᐠᜰϞфߒ՗ ࣏Ȃ၌ភΰȂџྥҢᜰܻф౩ϞೣۡȂ࢈ฒфߒ ᠌Ρфߒϴѧ‫࣏ܚ‬Ϟ‫ࡡݲ‬՗࣏Ȃषငϴѧ‫ܛ‬ᇯȂ ։ᄇܻϴѧีҡਝΨȞ୤ྱҕ‫ݲ‬಑ΙԻΜΪన಑ Ι໶ೣۡȟȄ ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 51 ԑ࡙಑ 3 ԩҕȃӗ৳ᖂོ​ོដ‫ؚ‬ដǁȈ ҏΡ஠ӪണҺᇄф౩ΡȂՄф౩Ρູ᠌஠ҏΡϞ Ӫണᇐܻಉᐃ‫ޱ‬ȂϚ૖хҐԤӪဎϞф౩Ρ॒ಉ ᐃϞ೰ӈȂՍܻҏΡᔖ֏॒೰Ȃᔖ‫ٷ‬ҏనоѴϞ ‫ڏ‬тҕ‫ݲٱ‬౩၌‫ؚ‬ϞȞ‫ٽ‬ԃԤಉᐃ‫ݲ‬಑ΪѲనȂ ҕ‫ݲ‬಑ΙԻႭΜన௑‫ޱל‬Ȃᔖ‫ٷ‬Ө၎నϞೣۡ೎ ౩ȟȄȞӣΚᇳȟ

08

ಉᐃ࿃౸ 51 ԑѮΰԅ಑ 3309 ဴր‫ٽ‬Ȉ ูҢтΡӟണ࣏ีಉ՗࣏Ȃ։឴ಉᐃϞୃഅȄೝ ูҢӟണ‫ޱ‬ȂӰߨ‫ڏ‬ӵಉᐃΰ᛫Ӫ࣏ีಉ՗࣏Ȃ ՌϚ॒ีಉΡϞ೰ӈȂԪ໶๘ᄇ‫ٱ៝תޟ‬ҥȂு оᄇ‫ת‬ΙϸஈಉΡȄ

09

ಉᐃ‫ ៝ת‬67 ԑѮΰԅ಑ 1862 ဴր‫ٽ‬Ȉ ಉᐃ‫ݲ‬಑ΪѲన‫ܚ‬ᒝоඌཎ‫ڥ‬ுಉᐃ‫ޱ‬ȂϚு‫ٴ‬ ԤಉᐃΰϞ᠌ցȂ߽ࡾ௃ฒ᠌೎ϷΡϞЙȂ‫ڧ‬ᡱ ಉᐃȂܻ‫ڧ‬ᡱ࿋ਢԤඌཎϞ௑‫ל‬ՄِȂԃ௃Ԥғ ࿋೎Ϸ᠌ΡϞЙȂ‫ڧ‬ᡱಉᐃȂ߽юܻඌཎਢȂһ ༉ҡಉᐃ‫ݲ‬಑Ϊέనծਪ‫ܚ‬ೣۡȂಉᐃ༆୛Ρு оՌϏᇄีಉΡ‫ܖ‬ஈಉΡϞࠉЙ໢‫ܚ‬ԆΡ‫៝תޟ‬ Ϟ‫ٱ‬ҥᄇ‫ת‬ஈಉΡՄϐȂ‫ۦ‬ϚҡஈಉΡϚு‫ٴ‬Ԥ ಉᐃΰ᠌ցϞ୰ᚠȄ

040

಑൦ጕ! ಉᐃ‫ݲ‬

Issue 06

१ौ࡙Ȉɜɜɜɛɛ

ଽ ό੿Ᏺमԫι࢐֏࣏ཎѴ‫࢈ٱ‬ȉ *֋‫ا‬ໞ֤Ȉɛࠧ௱ጢఉ! ɛϘߢҗႋ! ɛ౮๑Ԟ໪! ɛᏦᡝըዴ! ! !

ᜰ ߳ᓎ‫ݲ‬಑ 131 నȈ ᗤ ̓༌৛߳ᓎΡܻೝ߳ᓎΡᎏ‫ڧ‬ཎѴ༌৛Ѕ‫ܚڏ‬मѶ૖‫ ܖ‬ԫι ‫ݲ‬ ਢȂ॒๝п߳ᓎߜ᚞Ϟ೰Ȅ న ˶ࠉ໶ཎѴ༌৛Ȃࡾߨҥ੽੾ЕଔϞѴ‫پ‬एี‫ܚ࢈ٱ‬म‫ޱ‬Ȅ ޻ۡᇳȈ ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 95 ԑ࡙Ѯΰԅ಑ 1398 ဴҕ‫ٱ‬ր‫ؚ‬Ȉ ཎѴ༌৛߳ᓎΝࣺᄇܻ୊ஶ߳ᓎȂ୊ஶ߳ᓎ߽‫ܚ੾੽߳ܛ‬मϞ ཬѶȇՄཎѴ༌৛߳ᓎࠌӵ‫߳ܛ‬ཎѴ༌৛‫ܚ‬मϞཬѶȄΡϞ༌ ৛‫ܖ‬ԫιϞনӰȂ‫ڏ‬Ι‫پ‬ՌϱӵনӰȂѪΙࠌ࣏Ѵӵ‫࢈ٱ‬Ȟཎ Ѵ‫࢈ٱ‬ȟ ȄϱӵনӰ‫ܚ‬मϞ༌৛‫ܖ‬ԫιȂ߽ࡾೝ߳ᓎΡӰᑯ௉੽ ੾ȃಠ຃ཐࢗȃᏢۢՂϽ૾ᆑ้٘ᡝϱഋӰશ‫ܚ‬मϞ༌৛‫ܖ‬ԫ ιȇՍѴ‫࢈ٱپ‬ȞཎѴ‫࢈ٱ‬ȟ Ȃࠌ߽ࡾϱӵনӰоѴϞΙϸ‫࢈ٱ‬ ՄِȂ‫࢈ٱڏ‬Ϟีҡ࣏Ѵ‫ܒپ‬ȃୋณ‫ܒ‬ȂՄϚџႱَȂଶ߳ᓎ

ᄂ ࠶घѪԤ੫घϚ߳Ϟ‫ٱ‬໶ѴȂཎѴ‫֯࢈ٱ‬឴ཎѴ༌৛߳ᓎ‫ܛܚ‬ ୛ ߳Ϟጒ൜Ȅଽό੿Ν߽ܻଽ੕‫ܦ‬ӴୢȂӰᕗც੉ᔆή६Ȃު੉ َ ၌ ใᖡ‫ܻܖ‬ଽ੕‫ܦ‬ၼଢ଼Ȃଢ଼૕ϱ੉ᔆή६Ȃम‫޲ٺ‬ഋ඲੊ਝ౥६ ճȂᡝϱ੊੉‫ټ‬ᔖϚٗ‫ܚ‬ҡმӥȃՆቁȃᓞฮȃᓞཷȃ૓ඎЖ བྷȃ‫ࡨ֜ڳ‬फ़Ȟࡨ‫ܒ‬ଽό੿ȟ ȇ‫઀࡙ྃܖ‬мฒΨȃᝒ१‫ᜲ֨֜ڳ‬ȃ ७ՓᇕҩȃЖၰё‫פ‬ȃࡻ៉‫ࠝܒ‬Ȟଽό޲Ыရȟȇ‫ܖ‬ቑ੨ᓞฮȃ მӥᓜᖅȃІᔖᒶႳȃຜΨራᛤȃ༞ᆃоम݄ଜȃσω߯Ѷ࿱ ȞଽόသЫရȟ้ҡ౩ІᔖȂࠌଽό੿ᔖ࣏Ѵӵᕗცު੉ใᖡȃ ੉ᔆή६‫ܚ‬അԙȂ‫࢈ٱڏ‬Ϟีҡᔖ࣏Ѵ‫ܒپ‬Ȅ঑‫ݓ‬ɒ݂о‫ܻ܁‬ ଽ੕‫ܦ‬Ӵୢ௃‫ิٱ‬όࣀଢ଼ȂҐෆีҡଽό੿Ϟҡ౩ІᔖȂࠌ‫ڏ‬ ܻ 89 ԑ 5 Т 4 Рᛇิ‫ה‬ে٤ᅴ৫ਢȂӰު੉ใᖡȃ੉ᔆή६‫ܚ‬ ᏲमϞࡨ‫ܒ‬ଽό੿ԫι‫࢈ٱ‬Ȃ૖֏ᒝϚ‫ڎ‬ԤѴ‫ܒپ‬ȃୋณ‫ܒ‬ȃ

138

಑ຯጕ! ߳ᓎ‫ݲ‬

ϚџႱَ‫ܒ‬Ȃ։ߨฒᅸȄ ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 94 ԑ࡙Ѯΰԅ಑ 1816 ဴր‫ؚ‬Ȉ ߳ᓎ‫ݲ‬಑ 131 న‫ܚ‬ᆎϞཎѴ༌৛ȂΝࡾߨҥ੽੾ЕଔϞѴ‫پ‬ए ี‫ܚ࢈ٱ‬म‫ޱ‬ՄِȄ၎ཎѴ༌৛ϞࣨۡȂӵԤӻኵনӰᝯӫഅ ԙ༌෤‫ܖ‬ԫι‫࢈ٱ‬Ϟ௑‫ל‬ਢȂᔖ୏१ܻȶкΨߖӰনࠌȷ Ȃо࢐ ֏࣏ೝ߳ᓎΡӰᑯқ੽੾ȃಠ຃ཐࢗȃᏢۢՂϽ૾ᆑ้٘ᡝϱ ӵনӰоѴϞ‫ڏ‬тѴ‫ܒپ‬ȃएี‫ܒ‬Ȟୋณ‫ܒ‬ȟȃཎѴ‫ܒ‬ȞϚџႱ ‫ܒޣ‬ȟ้ӰશհএਰࡊᢎϞᇯۡȂ‫ٮ‬Ճ໔၎ߨӰೝ߳ᓎΡҏ٘ ϐԆӵџுႱਟ‫ޣࢥܖ‬ϞѴӵӰશȂ࢐֏࣏അԙཎѴ༌෤‫ܖ‬ԫ ι‫࢈ٱ‬ϞкौԤਝՄ‫ޢ‬௥ϞনӰȞ։࢐֏࣏‫ڏ‬१ौϞശߖӰ‫ݎ‬ ᜰ߽ȟՄۡȄ

Ᏸ ֏ۡᇳȈ ᇳ ଽό੿࣏ᛇ‫ދ‬ଽόਢȂӰު੉ใᖡЅ੉ᔆή६ȃᡝϱ੊੉Ϛٗ َ ၌ ‫ܚ‬ҡϞҡ౩ІᔖȂᔖ឴Ռ٘ϞӠᓎ‫ٱ‬ᄂȂ‫ߨٮ‬ཎѴ‫࢈ٱ‬Ȅ ཎѴ༌৛ϞࣨۡȂӵԤӻኵনӰᝯӫഅԙ༌෤‫ܖ‬ԫι‫࢈ٱ‬Ϟ௑ ‫ל‬ਢȂᔖ୏१ܻȶкΨߖӰনࠌȷ Ȃо࢐֏࣏ೝ߳ᓎΡӰᑯқ੽

ક ੾ȃಠ຃ཐࢗȃᏢۢՂϽ૾ᆑ้٘ᡝϱӵনӰоѴϞ‫ڏ‬тѴ‫پ‬ ᚠ ‫ܒ‬ȃएี‫ܒ‬Ȟୋณ‫ܒ‬ȟȃཎѴ‫ܒ‬ȞϚџႱ‫ܒޣ‬ȟ้Ӱશհএਰࡊ ᜰ ᗤ ᢎϞᇯۡȂ‫ٮ‬Ճ໔၎ߨӰೝ߳ᓎΡҏ٘ϐԆӵџுႱਟ‫ޣࢥܖ‬ ϞѴӵӰશȂ࢐֏࣏അԙཎѴ༌෤‫ܖ‬ԫι‫࢈ٱ‬ϞкौԤਝՄ‫ޢ‬ ௥ϞনӰȞ։࢐֏࣏‫ڏ‬१ौϞശߖӰ‫ݎ‬ᜰ߽ȟՄۡȄ

င ‫ڐ‬ 107 ࢇσ ၐ ᚠ

ǗChapter 2

Ύるᘍᦩ㔄Ǘ

139

಑3ണ ߳ᓎ‫ݲ‬१ौᄂ୛َ၌ ีѨ 01

၁ચ֍ྋ

ҿՙ̰ट

ລ੨‫ۋ‬ᕇ

ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 76 ԑ ߳ᓎ࣏࠶घϞΙᆍȂܻ࿋‫ٱ‬Ρࣺ Ιȃ߳ᓎϞ ࡙Ѯΰԅ಑ 595 ϣߒҰཎࡦΙमਢȂ։֙ԙҳȂ გϷ ဴր‫ؚ‬

‫ߨٮ‬ौԒ՗࣏Ȃ࢈ᄇܻ੫ۡϞ߳ ‫ތ‬ᘈ 1

Ȟդᒝ߳ᓎȟ

ᓎ኿‫ޟ‬ȂΙПӣཎҺп߳ᓎາȂ тПӣཎ‫ܛ‬ᐊ‫ڏ‬Ӡᓎ‫ޱ‬Ȃ߳ᓎ࠶ घ։ᔖᇯ࣏ԙҳȂ‫ٮ‬Ϛоհԙ߳ ᓎ൐‫ܖ‬኷߳൐࣏ौӇȄ

02

ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 69 ԑ ߳ᓎ࠶घȞ߳ᓎ൐‫ܖ‬኷߳൐ȟϞ ΪϤȃ߳ᓎ Ѯ ΰ ԅ ಑ 3153 ᛫ ॏ Ȃ ন ࠌ ΰ ໸ ᇄ ߳ ᓎ າ Ϟ Һ ‫ݲ‬Ϸ᜸ ဴր‫ٽ‬

пȂӣਢ࣏ϞȄԪᢎ߳ᓎ‫ࢊݲ‬՗ ‫ތ‬ᘈ 8

Ȟଡྗ߳ᓎȟ

ಠࠌ಑ΠΪΜన಑Ι໶Ϟೣۡ ݂ࣥȄष߳ᓎΡөौ߳Ρӑ՗ԝ ‫߳ڥ‬ᓎາȂՄ‫ࡣ۽‬᛫ॏ߳ᓎ࠶ घȇࠌӵҐ᛫ॏ߳ᓎ࠶घࠉȂี ҡ߳ᓎ‫࢈ٱ‬Ȃ߳ᓎΡതџϚ॒߳ ᓎ೰ӈȂҐջԤѶϴҁȄ࢈ӣన ಑Π໶ȃ಑έ໶άհ၄шೣۡȂ о؇ࢺᄒȄ‫ڏ‬ϛ಑έ໶Ϟ၄шೣ ۡȂࢋᒝȈȶΡჰ߳ᓎΡܻӣཎ ‫ࠉ߳ܛ‬ȂுႱԝࣺ࿋ܻ಑Ι෈߳ ᓎາϞߜ᚞Ȅ߳ᓎΡᔖ॒Ϟ߳ᓎ ೰ӈȂо߳ᓎΡӣཎ‫߳ܛ‬ਢȂྗ ՌႱԝࣺ࿋ܻ಑Ι෈߳ᓎາߜ ᚞ਢ໠ۖȄȷَٗԪᆍΡჰ߳ᓎ ࠶घȂ߽ܻႱԝࣺ࿋ܻ಑Ι෈߳

ǗChapter 3

Ύるᘍ⸅⣬૪Ֆ⣲⤟Ǘ

143

ᓎາߜ᚞ਢȂߣо߳ᓎΡȶӣཎ ‫߳ܛ‬ȷϞୄХనӇȂ‫ีڏٺ‬ҡྗ Ѕ‫ޟ‬ਝΨȄԃ‫ٷݎ‬೽ல௑‫ל‬Ȃೝ ΰວΡᔖȶӣཎ‫߳ܛ‬ȷȂӰَೝ ߳ᓎΡࢠ࢚ϐငԫιȂതϚȶӣ ཎ‫߳ܛ‬ȷȂ‫ה‬ყջ‫߳ڏ‬ᓎ೰ӈȇ ࢐ΝоϚғ࿋՗࣏ߢ‫ڏ‬నӇϞ ԙ൷Ȃ‫ٷ‬ҕ‫ݲ‬಑ΙԻႭΙన಑Ι ໶ೣۡȂຜ࣏నӇϐԙ൷ȄԪਢ ೝΰວΡՌᔖ॒‫߳ڏ‬ᓎ೰ӈȄ 03

ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 83 ԑ ᜰܻਢਝ෈໢Ȃ‫ٷ‬ҕ‫ݲ‬಑ΙԻѲ Μȃ߳ᓎ࠶ ࡙಑ 1 ԩҕ‫ٱ‬৳ Ϊ Μ న ೣ ۡ ᢎ Ϟ Ȃ ‫ ھ‬឴ ஼ ‫ ڙ‬ೣ घϞϱৠ௡ ོដ

ۡȂϚுо‫ࡡݲ‬՗࣏ёߝϞȂ௙ ‫ڙ‬নࠌᇄ၌

ȞԤցܻೝ߳ᓎ ‫ ߳ ٷ‬ᓎ ‫ ݲ‬಑ Ϥ Ϊ Ѳ న ಑ Ι ໶ ೣ ភনࠌ ΡϞᡐ‫؁‬ȟ

ۡȈȶҏ‫ݲ‬Ϟ஼‫ڙ‬ೣۡȂϚுо ‫ތ‬ᘈ 1 ࠶घᡐ‫؁‬ϞȂծԤցܻೝ߳ᓎΡ ‫ޱ‬ȂϚӵԪ३ȄȷϞཎԟȂҏӇ Ρჰ߳ᓎϴѧо੫घ‫߳ߝ۽‬ᓎ ߜϞ፜ؑ᠌ਢਝ࣏έԑȂ߽Ԥց ܻೝ߳ᓎΡȂиϚႂधϴ‫يו‬ ߹ȂᔖᇯԤਝȄ

04

ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 86 ԑ ߳ᓎ‫ݲ‬಑ϲΪѲనϞೣۡȂΝ߳ Ϊȃᐃᄂᇳ ࡙಑ 9 ԩҕ‫ٱ‬৳ ᓎ ࠶ घ ϛ ᜰ ܻ ߳ ᓎ Ρ Ӱ ೝ ລ ෢ ݂ဎ୛ ོដ

Մ࣏ཎࡦߒҰϞ੫տೣۡȂᔖ௶ ‫ތ‬ᘈ 9

Ȟɐ64 ᇄҕɐ92 ଶ ҕ ‫ ݲ‬಑ Ξ Ϊ Π న ೣ ۡ Ϟ ᎌ ᝯӫȟ

ҢȄ֏ࠌȂ஠‫߳ٺ‬ᓎ‫ݲ‬಑ϲΪѲ న಑έ໶ᄇ࠶घ၌ଶ᠌՗‫ٺ‬Ϟ ३‫ڙ‬ೣۡȂ‫ל‬ӣ‫ڎ‬МȄ

05

ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 96 ԑ ߳ ᓎ ‫ ݲ‬಑ ϲ Ϊ ϲ న ‫ ܚ‬ᆎ Ϟ ੫ घ ΞȃӠᓎ‫ܛ‬ ࡙Ѯΰԅ಑ 394

144

಑ຯጕ! ߳ᓎ‫ݲ‬

న෡Ȃ࣏࿋‫ٱ‬Ρܻ߳ᓎ࠶घஅҏ ᐊ

ဴր‫ؚ‬

న෡ѴȂ‫ܛ‬ᇯቺ՗੫ᆍဎ୛Ϟన ‫ތ‬ᘈ 1

Ȟ੫घన෡ȟ

෡Ȃ‫ٷ‬ӣ‫ݲ‬಑ϲΪΤన಑Ι໶ೣ Ϊȃᐃᄂᇳ ۡȂ߳ᓎ࠶घ࿋‫ٱ‬ΡϞΙПႂध ݂ဎ୛ ੫घన෡ਢȂ༉ҡȶтПு၌ଶ ‫ތ‬ᘈ 7 ࠶घȷϞ‫ࡡݲ‬ਝ‫ݎ‬Ȅ࢐߳ᓎ࠶घ о੫घన෡घۡȂೝ߳ᓎΡҐቺ ՗၎న෡Ϟ੫ᆍဎ୛Ȃ߳ᓎΡᄇ ߳ᓎ‫࢈ٱ‬Ϟཬ৛Ϛ॒፫ᓻ೰ӈ ‫ޱ‬Ȃ঑Ԥႂӣ‫ݲ‬಑ϲΪΤన಑Ι ໶ਝΨϞ஼‫ڙ‬ೣۡȂиᇄ߳ᓎ࠶ घघۡӠᓎ‫࢈ٱ‬ϞϱৠϚमȂम ೝ߳ᓎΡԤ‫ڧ‬ϚցઉਢȂஅܻ ȶ߳ᓎ࠶घ࣏ೝ߳ᓎΡցઉϞ ‫ׇ‬Ӓ࠶घȷЅӣ‫ݲ‬಑ϤΪѲన಑ Ι໶ೣۡȂ։ᔖ၌࣏၎ȶϚ॒፫ ᓻ೰ӈȷϞघ࣏ۡฒਝȄ

06

ᇃᢊଽ໰ӴП‫ ݲ‬ҏ Ӈ ߳ ᓎ ࠶ घ న ෡ ࢐ ӌ ཾ င ᕊ ଱ 101 ԑ࡙߳ᓎ ‫ ࣏ ޱ‬ᇄ Ϛ ੫ ۡ ӻ ኵ ੑ າ ‫ ޱ‬ॏ ҳ ԅ಑ 4 ဴր‫ؚ‬

ӣ᜸࠶घϞҢȂ‫ܚ‬ඪюႱӑᔣۡ

Ȟ ϱ ৠ ௡ ‫ ڙ‬ন Ϟ࠶घన෡ȄՄ߳ᓎ࠶घࠌ࢐ӌ ࠌȟ

ཾငᕊ‫ޱ‬ඪюϞۡ࠮Ͻ࠶घన ෡հ࣏࠶घϱৠϞӒഋ‫ܖ‬Ιഋ ՄॏҳϞ࠶घȂ‫ٷ‬ੑາ‫߳ޱ‬៖‫ݲ‬ ಑ 2 న಑ 7ȃ9 ෡ϞೣۡΝ឴ۡ ࠮Ͻ࠶घȄՄҏӇ߽ҥौ߳Ρȃ ೝ߳ᓎΡ้ΙПϚ‫ڎ‬ര੫੆ட ཾ‫ޣ‬ᜋᇄጀ୦૖Ψ‫ܖ‬ᇄ߳ᓎΡ ငᔼӴ՝ȶϚȷࣺ࿋Ϟੑາ‫ܚޱ‬ ॏҳϞ߳ᓎ࠶घȂԪᆍ߳ᓎ࠶घ ࣏‫ߣޟ࠮ڐ‬ӫ࠶घȂৠܾีҡϚ ϴҁȂԤ੫տо‫߳ࡡݲ‬ራौ߳

ǗChapter 3

Ύるᘍ⸅⣬૪Ֆ⣲⤟Ǘ

145

ǃၼଚΡ᠌ցȈ ⳥⫄⦼ᖣᓏ z‫׆‬ԅŘ᮫ᯍʶː⎊⠗₎હ

⳥Ⲷᮽ⇦ᓏ

z͛कŘĂ66Ȯ67Ȯ68

⳥ⲶːᓏԻ

⳥Ⲷ᧎૑એ⎞ཞ⫢ᓏ

Issue 02

ೖ᝽⫄⦼ᖣᓏ

१ौ࡙Ȉɜɜɛɛɛ

ၼ ଚΡߨоघۡϞ಻಺௃‫ٱ‬ၼଚȂԤฒႂІၼଚ࠶घȉ *֋‫ا‬ໞ֤Ȉɛࠧ௱ጢఉ! ɛϘߢҗႋ! ɛ౮๑Ԟ໪! ɛᏦᡝըዴ! ! !

ᜰ ੕୦‫ݲ‬಑ 42 నȈ ᗤ ၼଚΡ‫ټܚ‬๝Ϟ಻಺Ԥ࿃౸ȂϚ૖ႀၼଚ࠶घϞҬ‫ޟ‬ਢȂଊၼ ‫ݲ‬ Ρு၌ଶ࠶घȄ న ྆ৱȈ ࡸ੕୦‫ݲ‬಑ 42 నϞೣۡȂ༉឴ඪ‫ټ‬ᎌ࿋಻಺ဎ୛ϞΙഋϷՄ

޻ ϐȄषӵၼଚ࠶घϱϐၷ݂о੫ۡ‫ܖ‬Ιۡጒ൜ϱϞ಻಺ၼଚϞ ۡ ཎԟȂՄၼଚΡҐင༅಻Ρ‫ܖ‬ଊၼΡϞӣཎȂഃ՗ᡐ‫಻ᙽܖ؁‬ ᇳ ਢȂࡸӣ‫ݲ‬಑ 5 నྥҢҕ‫ݲ‬ϞೣۡȂၼଚΡ։ᔖ॒༆୛Ϛቺ՗ ೰ӈȄஅԪȂՌு၌ଶ࠶घȄ

194

಑୤ጕ! ੕୦‫ݲ‬

ࢊৱȈ ࡸ੕୦‫ݲ‬಑ 42 నϞೣۡȂϐ݂ጂࡾᄢȂଶߨၼଚΡ‫ܚ‬ඪ‫ټ‬Ϟ಻

֏ ಺Ԥ࿃౸ȂϚ૖ႀၼଚ࠶घϞҬ‫ޟ‬Ȃ֏ࠌଊၼΡ։Ϛு၌ଶ࠶ ۡ घȄԪᇄѴ୽ҳ‫ٽݲ‬Ȃு൐સоघۡϞ಻಺Ϛӣഃ՗၌ଶ࠶घϚ ᇳ ӣȄஅԪȂࡸ‫୽ר‬੕୦‫ݲ‬಑ 42 నೣۡȂၼଚΡᄂ‫ڎ‬Ԥȶф಻ȷϞ

᠌ցȄ

ક ᚠ ࣏߳ራଊၼΡϞ᠌ց‫ٮ‬ᇄ୽ሬ‫ݲ‬х௥ॗȂᔖ௴޻ۡᇳ࣏ۣȄ ᜰ ᗤ င ‫ ڐ‬102 ‫ڙݲ‬ ၐ ᚠ

DŽၼଚΡϞဎ୛Ȉ ဏͧ⳺ᯍ⏀⎽∑Ֆ ⏀⎽ңሷ⳺⎵ඖ∑Ֆ ᤫᾷ∑Ֆ ⳇᵧ‫྆ד‬ḻ⡶ֲ∑Ֆ ᱹ⃛ⰶ⪴⨢Ӿ∑Ֆ ᳅⎵∑Ֆ ⳮṮ᧎‫ד‬ʃ૪ᮭࢊལ⃑⡶ⰶ∑Ֆ ⎵⠗રໞ∑Ֆ ૑એ⪴᧎∑Ֆ ˅ˡ⪴᧎∑Ֆ

ᄮ᫧Ř È ⳺⎵⋱ԻҙૌŘ ᷨΎ⏀⎽ʠ⳺⎵ඖņseaworthinessŇŘ⳥Ⲷː໣⏀⎽໽ሷ ːᅠᱹ⎵Ԋ‫ד‬ᱹ⎵ᆹଃᅠʁӬʶㅮŊະᣅൕ⣬ʠᘜา‫ד‬

ǗChapter 2

ᙹ‫ۄ‬ᘍᦩ㔄Ǘ

195

಑3ണ ੕୦‫ݲ‬१ौᄂ୛َ၌ ีѨ 01

ҿՙфཱི

̰टࢋў

ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 76 ԑѮ Һ п ၷ ೲ ᜌ ‫ ܻ ڔ‬Ԥ ‫ ڧ‬ሴ ೲ ‫ ᠌ ސ‬ց Ϟ Ρ ΰԅ಑ 771 ဴր‫ ٽ‬ਢȂ‫ڏ‬Һп൷ೲ‫ܚސ‬Ԥ᠌ಋᙽϞᜰ߽Ȃ ᇄೲ‫ސ‬ϞҺпȂԤӣΙϞਝΨȂ‫࣏ھ‬੕ ୦‫ݲ‬಑ΙԻႭѲనྥҢҕ‫ݲ‬಑ϲԻΠ ΪΞన‫݂ۡܚ‬Ȃ௙Ԫ߽൷ၼଚΡ‫ۦ‬Ґൊ Ѷ‫ڏ‬ᄇೲၷϞћԤȞѓࢂ໢௥ћԤȟϞ ௑‫ל‬ՄِȂ঑ೲၷϐᒸѶ‫ܖ‬ೝูҢȂՄ Ϛ૖ӱඈ‫ڏ‬ћԤ‫ܖ‬ϐ࣏಑έΡ๡ཎ‫ڧ‬ ᡱ‫ڥ‬ு‫ޱ‬Ȃࠌၷೲᜌ‫ࡻڔ‬ԤΡᖃ஠ၷೲ ᜌ‫ڔ‬ಋᙽᇄтΡȂһϚีҡೲ‫ܚސ‬Ԥ᠌ ಋᙽϞ‫᠌ސ‬ਝΨȂ༉ีҡཬ৛፫ᓻ༆᠌ ᡱᇄϞ୰ᚠȄ

02

ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 76 ԑ࡙ ‫ܚ‬ᒝԊӒ૞՗૖ΨȂ߽ࡾ಻಺ϞԊӒ೩ Ѯΰԅ಑ 1858 ဴ രЅΡষ଩രȂٗо‫ܢת‬Ⴑۡ૞แΰ‫ܚ‬ џ૖ีҡϞӠᓎȂ‫ٺ‬ೲ‫ސ‬ுԊӒ‫ڗ‬ႀҬ ր‫ؚ‬Ȟधȟ ‫ޟ‬෫Ϟ૖ΨՄِȄ಻಺ԊӒ૞՗૖ΨȂ ߨ༉о಻಺ҏ٘‫ݷޑ‬ՄۡȂ‫ۦ‬ᇄ‫ټڏ‬ ᔖȃ଩രȃೲၷསၷ‫ݷޑ‬ЅႱۡ૞แΰ Ϟ੕ΰӠᓎԤ஝ϸᜰ߽Ȅ಻಺ԤฒԊӒ ૞՗૖ΨΝ‫ٱ‬ᄂ୰ᚠȂϚுӰ಻಺ෆင ‫෈࣏ۡݲٷ‬ᔮࢥȂ։ᒝ಻಺Ϟᎌ૞‫ܒ‬๘ ฒ୰ᚠȇՄ಻಺ܻี૞ࠉөкᆓᐠᜰ֕ ᡛԤᜰ಻಺МਪȂѫ࢐՗ࢇᆓ౩ΰϞശ ճ‫ל‬ԒौؑȂࢋҐୈᄂሬᔮࢥȂՌһϚ ுӰкᆓᐠᜰϞܹ՗Ȃ։ᒝ‫ڎ‬ԤԊӒ૞ ՗૖ΨȄ

ǗChapter 3

ᙹ‫ۄ‬ᘍ⸅⣬૪Ֆ⣲⤟Ǘ

231

03

ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 97 ԑ࡙ ࡸ ଊ ၼ Ρ ᇄ ၼ ଚ Ρ ᛫ ॏ Ϟ ੕ ΰ ၼ ଚ ࠶ Ѯΰԅ಑ 1147 ဴ घȂଶϐ൷ചΰၼଚ໦ࢲഋϷϞ೰ӈ࣏ ր‫ؚ‬

੫տघۡȂՄܻ၎໦ࢲีҡ‫࢈ٱ‬ਢᎌҢ ၎੫տघۡѴȂ‫ٷ‬࿋‫ٱ‬ΡϞҏཎȂՌฒ Ѫܻ੕୦‫ݲ‬ѴȂӔᎌҢ‫ڏ‬тചΰၼଚ‫ݲ‬ ೣоۡ੕ΰၼଚΡ೰ӈϞᎷӴȄԪᢎΤ ΪΤԑওғࡣ੕୦‫ݲ‬಑ΜΪϲన಑ ΙȃΠ໶ೣۡȈၼଚΡӰೲ‫ྞސ‬ѶȂᄇ ଊၼΡ‫ڏܖ‬т಑έΡ‫ܚ‬ுк஻Ϟ‫៝ת‬ Ѕ೰ӈ३‫ڙ‬ϞೣۡȂһᎌҢܻೲ‫ސ‬Ռ಻ ಺‫ڣ‬ೲࡣӵ୦෫ୢ୿Ȟചΰȟϱ௃‫ٱ‬၆ ‫ڣ‬ȃཨၼȃ߳ᆓȃࣼԈȃᓽԆȃ౩ೲȃ ᛧ‫ھ‬ȃწঘ้ሄօቺ՗ၼଚ࠶घ‫้ޱ‬ԟ Ռ݂Ȅ࢐о‫ތف‬ೲ‫߽ސ‬Ӱ‫ڣ‬ၷᚔ಻ࡣୄ ܹܻσചӴୢ༁ৃཱི෫ႉ३ฒ‫ݲ‬ၼю Մຜ࣏ྞѶȂиೝΰວΡ൷‫ތف‬ೲ‫ސ‬Ϟ ྞѶȂ‫ٮ‬ฒ࢈ཎ‫ܖ‬१σႆѶ՗࣏Ȃࢋ࣏ নቷ‫ܚ‬ᇯۡϞ‫ٱ‬ᄂȂџَ၎ೲ‫ސ‬Ϟྞ ѶȂߨӰೝΰວΡϞ಻಺੕ၼЅ‫ڣ‬ၷႆ แϛีҡ‫ܚ࢈ٱ‬मȄ‫ٷ‬ΰᇳ݂Ȃೝΰວ Ρ‫៝ת‬Ӱฒ੫տघۡȂ‫ڏ‬፫ᓻ೰ӈᔖᎌ Ңওғࠉ੕୦‫ݲ‬಑ΙԻΪѲన಑Π໶ ൐՝೰ӈ३‫ڙ‬ϞೣۡȂ։ฒϚӫȄ

04

ശଽ‫ݲ‬଱ 98 ԑ࡙ ȶު൐ȷȂ߽ࡾၷೲᜌ‫ڔ‬ΰ‫ܚ‬଄ၷଊၼ Ѯΰԅ಑ 31 ဴր Ϟೲ‫ސ‬Ȃᄂሬΰ‫ٮ‬ฒՌюο෫၆಻ంၼ ‫ؚ‬

ՍҬ‫ޟ‬Ӵ෫Ϟ‫ٱ‬ᄂՄِȄҏӇ‫ތف‬ၷೲ ᜌ‫ڔ‬ϐၷ݂၆ၷ‫ތف‬ೲ‫ސ‬Ϟೲᘣጡဴȃࡌ నဴጆȃ‫ތف‬ೲ‫ސ‬ϞӪᆎȃ጑ኵȃЩ१ȃ ؅ᑖȃ‫ܛ‬ၷ಻಺૞ԩȃ၆ၷ෫ȃ‫ڣ‬ೲ෫Ȃ и‫ތف‬ೲ‫ސ‬ጂϐҺпၼଚȂඈϐҥΰວ

232

಑୤ጕ! ੕୦‫ݲ‬