மன்மத வருடம் சித்திரை – வைகாசி திருக்கேதீஸ்வர திருக்கோயில் மகோற்சவ சிறப்பிதழ் தீபம் - 19 சுடர் - 05 by Finder 2000

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k‹kj tUl« itfhá¤ â§fŸ 16 M« ehŸ (30.05.2015)

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âU¢á‰w«gy«

njthu« mq;fk;nkhop ad;dhuth; mkuu;njhO Njj;j tq;fk;kyp fpd;wfly; khNjhl;led; efupy; gq;fk;nra;j gpiw#bdd; ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; nrq;fz;zu tirj;jhd;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; jhNd!

aho; kz;zpy; rkPgj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;w mjpur; r; p jUk; ghypay; ntwpahl;lr; nraYk; gLnfhiyAk; ntWk; Fw;wq;fs; my;y. mit me;j kz;zpy; fhyk; fhykhf tsu;e;j ju;kj;jpw;F rhTkzpabf;Fk; Kaw;rpahFk;. rkP g j; j py; gy td; K iwf; Fw; w r; nray; f Sk; > Nghijg;nghUs; ghtidAk; tlgFjpapy; mjpfupj;J tUfpwJ vd;w nra;jp kpfTk; Ntjidf;FupajhFk;. fz; l dq; f Sk; vjpu; g ; G Mu; g ; g hl; l q; f Sk; td;Kiwia fl;ltpo;j;J tplhJ ghu;f;fNtz;Lk;. me; j epiyia jP a rf; j pfs; jkf; F r; rhjfkhfg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s re;ju;g;gk; nfhLf;ff;$lhJ. mj;Jld; Mu;g;ghl;lq;fSk; fz;ldq;fSk; kl;Lk; NghjhJ. vkJ gz;ghLk; fyhrhuKk; mope;Jtpl;lhy; nghUshjhu mgptpUj; j pNah murpay; j P u ; N th vkJ kf; f Sf; F cjtg; N ghtjpy; i y. NkYk; ,uhZtkag; g Lj; j Yf; F k; toptFf; f ,lk; juf;$lhJ. ngw;Nwhu;fs;> Mrpupa r%fk;> Md;kfP j; jiytu;fs;> r%fj; njhz;lu;fs;> murpaw; jiytu;fs; MfpNahu; tpopg; G zu; r ; r pAld; nraw; g l; L vkJ ,sk; jiy Kiwapdiu Kiwahd topapy; elhj;j jpl;lq;fs; jPl;br; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk;. mt;thwhd ey;y jpl;lq;fSf;F mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wk; vd;Wk; ifnfhLj;J cjtj; jahuhf ,Uf;fpdw ; J. ,e;j kWkyu;rr; pia Vw;gLj;j tlkhfhz Kjy;tu; rj;jpatpj;jfu; ePjpauru; rp.tp. tpf;Nd];tud; mtu; f is vy; N yhUf; F k; topfhl; b cjTkhWk; mtupd; jiyikj;Jtj;ijAk; ehLfpd;Nwhk;. ngw; N whu; f s; jq; f spd; gps; i sfis vkJ fyhrhu gz;ghl;L topapy; tho itf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJld; mg;gps;isfspd; xOf;fj;jpYk; ftdKk; fupridAk; fhl;lNtz;Lk;. etPd cyf rf;jpfSf;F vjpu; ePr;ry;Nghl Ntz;ba Ju;g;ghf;fpa epiy vkJ ,sk; jiyKiwapdUf;F ,d;W Vw;gl;bUf;fpwJ. vdNt mtu;fisr; rupahd topapy; topelj;JtJ ngw; N whu; f spd; jiyaha flikahFk; . Mrpupa

âUthrf« ,opj;jdd; vd;id ahNd vk;gpuhd; Nghw;wp Nghw;wp gopj;jpNyd; cd;id vd;id MSilg; ghjk; Nghw;wp gpioj;jit nghWf;if vy;yhk; nghpath; flik Nghw;wp xopj;jpbt; tho;T Nghw;wp ck;gh;ehl; nlk;gp uhNd!

âUÉir¥gh Kj;J tapukzp khzpf;f khiyfz;Nkw; njhj;J kpsh;tdNghy; Jhz;L tpsf;Nfa;g;g vj;jpirAk; thdth;fs; Vj;Jk; vopy;jpy;iy mj;jDf;Fk; mk;gyNk Mluq;fk; Mapw;Nw!

âU¥gšyh©L Gue;jud; khyad; g+rypl;L Xykpl;L ,d;dk; Gfyhpjha; ,ue;jphpe;J miog;gvd; Dapuhz;l NfhtpDf;F vd;nra ty;yk; vd;Wk; fue;Jq;f futhj fw;gf dhfpf; fiuapy; fUizf;fly; gue;Jk; epue;Jk; tuk;gpyhg; ghq;fw;Nf gy;yhz;L $WJNk!

âU¥òuhz« me;efhpy; mkh;e;J mq;fz; ,dpJNktp MopGil R+o;e;Jxypf;Fk; <ok; jd;dpy; kd;DjpUf; Nfhzkiy kfpo;e;J nrq;fz; kotpilahh; jikg;Nghw;wp tzq;fpg; ghbr; nrd;dpkjp Gidkhl khNjhl; lj;jpy; jpUf;NfjPr; ruj;J mz;zy; nra;aghjk; cd;dpkpfg; gzpe;J Vj;jp md;gNuhLk; cythj fpopngw;whh; ctif cw;whh;! âU¢á‰w«gy« ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

r%fKk; mjw; F cWJizahfr; nraw; g l Ntz;Lk;. gps;isfisg; ngw;Nwhu;fs; rpWtajpy; ,Ue;Nj Myaq;fSf;F mioj;Jr; nrd;W Mya topghl;by; mtu;fis <LgLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; mwpTWj;j tpUk;Gfpd;Nwhk;. ghlrhiyfs; kw; W k; Myaq; f s; N jhWk; rptnjhz;lu; mzpfis mikf;Fk;gb Nfl;Lf; nfhs;tJld;> mjw;Fj; Njitahd cjtpfis mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wk; vd;Wk; toq;fj; jahuhf ,Ug;gijAk; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;Sfpd;Nwhk;. jpUf; N fjP ] ; t ug; ngUkhdpd; kNfhw; r tg; ngUtpoh fhyj; j pypUe; j htJ vkJ kf; f spd; fyhrhug; gz;ghLfs; fhg;ghw;wg;gLtjw;F> mtdUs; Ntz;bg; gpuhh;j;jpg;Nghkhf!

kfhypq;fk;

thœ¤J thd;kio nghopf Qhyk; tsk;gy kypf vq;Fk; ehd;kiw xOf;fk; irt ed;ndwp ehSk; rpwf;f ghd;Kiw ehd;kh Njhl;lg; ghyhtp vd;Wk; ngUf Nkd;iknfhs; NfjPrh;jhs; Nktpa md;gh; tho;f!

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MáÇa® FG : âU. fªijah Úyf©l‹ irtPhdghD fyhÃâ MW. âUKUf‹ fyhÃâ K¤ijah fâ®fhkehj‹ fyhÃâ k. ghyifyhrehj r®kh âU. j. kndhfu‹ âU. m. fdfNÇa® xU ãuâÆ‹¬ Éiy %gh 50.00 tUlhªj¢ rªjh (cŸehL) %gh 300.00 (jgh‰ bryî jÅ) tUlhªj¢ rªjh (btËehL) US blhy® 15

m»y ïy§if ïªJ khk‹w« A.C. H. C. f£ol«

91/5, nr® á‰w«gy« V. fh®od® kht¤ij, bfhG«ò - 2, ïy§if. ahœ gÂkid : 211/17, nfhÉš åâ, ešÿ®, ahœ¥ghz«. ïiza¤js« Ä‹dŠrš bjhiyngá

Ke;jp cyfk; gilj;jha; Nghw;wp! %th; Kjyha %h;j;jp Nghw;wp! me;juKk; miyflYk; Mdha; Nghw;wp! MUaph;fl; fhUapNuahtha; Nghw;wp! ve;ij ngUkhd;vk; <rhNghw;wp! vj;Jthh; ,d;dy; fistha; Nghw;wp! ge;jkwg; gwpf;Fkfh ypq;fhNghw;wp! ghyhtpj; jPh;j;jNd! Nghw;wp! Nghw;wp!

jyq;fspy; rpwe;j NfjPr; ruj;Jkhd; kpaj;ij md;G fye;Jwg; gbg;Nghh; Nfl;Nghh; fhjypj;J ciutp hpg;Nghh; epye;jdpy; epug;gpd; ePq;fp epiwRf tho;tpd; ePbg; gyq;fspw; rpwe;j tPl;bd; ghyuhk; ghyp dhNu!

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hindu oli Publication of

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all ceylon hindu congress Thirukketheswarm Temple Festival Special Issue - 30.05.2015

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ISSN : 2012 - 9645

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mUŸ klš Mj;kPfk; $Wk; Nahff;fiy ,g;gpugQ;rj;ij

,af;Ffpd;w ,iwtd; jhd; gilj;j capupdq;fSf;F gy tho;thjhuq;fis gilj;jUspdhh;. ,aw;ifNahL ,iae;j> ,ize;j ,dpa tho;tpw;F epfh; Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy. jpy;iyf; $j;jdhfpa rptngUkhd; jd; rhPuj;ij E}w;wpnal;Lj; jhz;ltkhf ntspg;gLj;jpf; fhl;bdhh;. ,jid jpUthrfj;jpy; kzpthrfh;>

,d; W Nkiyehl; l th; f s; r%f> csey itj;jpaj;Jiwapy; Nahff;fiyf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;Js;sdh;. NkYk; euk;gpay; rhh;ej ; Neha;fSf;F jPhT ; juf;$ba xU kUj;Jt topahf Nahff;fiyia kjpf; f pd; w dh; . ,f; f iy gw; w pa Muha; r ; r pfs; tphptilfpd;wd. gy;NtW tpjkhd jPuh Neha;fSf;F Nahff;fiya+lhf MWjy; cz;L vd;w nra;jp gutyhf gutp tUfpd;wJ.

'$j;jdpt; thDk; FtyaKk; vy;NyhKk; fhj;Jk; gilj;Jq; fue;Jk; tpisahb....."

gytpjkhd ,urhad kUe;Jfis cl;nfhz;L thOk; kf;fSf;F kUe;Jfspd; jhf;fj;jpdhy; gy cghijfs; Vw;gLfpdw ; d. Mdhy; Nahff;fiy tUKd; fhf; F k; rf; j p cilaJ. Neha;fs; tUKd;Nd muzhf epd;W fhf;Fk; ,f;fiyia rfyUk; mwpjy; fhyj;jpd; fl;lhakhFk;. ,g;NghJ If;fpa ehLfs; rigapy; tpNrljpdg; gpufldj;jpy; [_d; 21Mk; jpfjpad;W cly;> cs> cWjpia Nerpf;Fk; Nahff;fiyia Kf;fpaj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; tifapy; rh;tNjr Nahfhrd jpdkhf gpufldk; nra; t jw; F mwpQh; f s; jpl;lkpl;ldh;. ,d;iwa ,e;jpag; gpujkh; nfsut eNue;jpuNkhb mth;fspd; Ntz;Ljyhy; ,j; j P h ; k hdk; epiwNtw; w g; g l; L s; s J. vdNt> fP i oj; N jrj; j th; f s; jkJ nrhj; j hf cs; s Nahff; f iyf; F Kjd; i k nfhLf; f Ntz; L k; . gs;spj;jyq;fs;> Nfhapy;fs;> Nfhl;lq;fs;> rka epWtdq;fs; kw;Wk; nghJ epWtdq;fs; midj;Jk; kfj;jhd Nahff; fiyf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;J vk;ik ehk; NgZNthkhf!.

vd tpghpf; f pwhh; . ,iwtd; ml; l khrpj;jpfis QhdpfSf;F cgNjrpj;jhh;. Qhdpfs; Md; k hf; f isg; gf; F tg; gLj; J tjw; F jkJ rP l h; f Sf; F cgNjrpj;jhh;fs;. mtw;wpy; Nahff; fiy cd;djkhdJ. Ntjj;jpYk; cly;> cs> MNuhf;fpak; gw;wpa rpe;jid $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mrdk;> rputzk;> eptpj;jpahrdk; gw;wpa Mokhd tplaq; f s; ,w; i wf; F ,uz;lhapuk; Mz;LfSf;F Kd;Ng Nghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. gjQ;ryp NahfR+j;jpuk; gw;wp jpU%yh; Kjy; gy rpj; j h; f s; tpsf; f p cs; s dh; . rhP u j; i jAk; > cseyj; i jAk; xUq; N f rP h ; n ra; A k; cd; d j fiytbtk; Nahff; fiyahFk; . kdpjh; f is MNuhf;fpak; cs;sth;fshfTk;> Gyd;fis nty;Yk; khh;f;fj;ijAk; Nghjpg;gJ Nahff;fiyahFk;. vk; rkak; rhh;e;j ,f;fiy Nkiyj;Njrq;fspy; ,d;W kpFe;j nry;thf;F ngw;Wtpl;lJ. ,f;fiytbtk; Njhd;wpa fPioj;Njrj;ij tpl Nkiyj;Njrj;jth;fs; ,f; fiygw;wp kpFe;j Mh;tk; nfhz;Ls;sdh;.

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ÇÎ bjh©Lehj‹

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âU¡nfÔ¢ru« ÛJ ghl¥bg‰w

âU¥gâf« âUPhdr«gªj_®¤â ehadh® njthu« âU¢á‰w«gy« ÉUJ F‹wkh nkUÉ dhzu thtd byÇa«gh¥ bghUJ _btÆš br‰wt‹ g‰¿Ã‹ Wiwgâ baªehS« fUJ »‹wñ® fidfl‰ fofkœ bghÊyÂ khnjh£l« fUj Ã‹wnf Ô¢ru§ ifbjhH¡ fLÉid ailahnt! ghlš åiza® gygy rÇija buUJif¤ jUe£l« Mlš ngQt uku®fŸ nt©leŠ R©oUŸ f©l¤j® <l khtJ ÉU§fl‰ fiuÆÅ byÊâfœ khnjh£l« nfo yhjnf Ô¢ruª bjhGbjH¡ bfLÄl® Éidjhnd! bg©nzh® ghf¤j® ãiwjtœ rilÆd uiwfHš áy«gh®¡f¢ R©z khjÇ¤ jhLt® ghLt ufªbjhW ÄLã¢ir¡ F©z yhtnjh Ç¢irÆ DHšgt Ua®jU khnjh£l¤ j©z d©Qnf Ô¢ru kilgt®¡ fUÉid ailahnt! bghobfhŸ nkÅa® òÈaj siuÆd® ÉÇjU fu¤njªJ« tobfhŸ _Éiy ntÈd® üÈd® k¿fl‹ khnjh£l¤ jof shjÇ¤ âUªjnf Ô¢ru« gÇªjáª ijauh» KofŸ rhŒ¤jo ngztš yh®j«nkš bkhŒ¤bjG« Éidnghnk! ešy uh‰wî« Phde‹ Fila®j« kilªjt®¡ fUça tšy® gh®Äir th‹ãw¥ ãw¥ãy® kÈfl‹ khnjh£l¤ bjšiy Æšòf bHªijnf Ô¢ru Äuh¥gfš Ãidªnj¤â mšy yhrW¤ judo ÆizbjhG k‹guh koahnu! ïªJ xË

ngiH th®ril¥ bgUªâU kfŸjid¥ bghUªjit¤ bjhUghf« khiH a§ifa‰ f©Âgh yUËa bghUËd® Fothœ¡if thiH a«bghÊš kªâfŸ fË¥òw kUÉa khnjh£l¡ nfHš bt©kU¥ gÂªjÚŸ kh®g®nf Ô¢ru« ãÇahnu!

g©L ehštU¡ fwKiu¤ jUË¥gš Yy»Å YÆ®thœ¡if f©l ehjdh® flÈl§ ifbjhH¡ fhjÈ¤ JiwnfhÆš t©L g©brí khky® bghÊškŠiP elÄL khnjh£lª bjh©l® ehŸbjhWª Jâbra tUŸbrŒnf Ô¢ru kJjhnd!

bj‹Å y§ifa® Fygâ kiyeÈª bjL¤jt‹ Koâ©nlhŸ j‹d y§bfl ml®¤jt‰ fUŸbrŒj jiytdh® flšthŒ¥ bgh‹Å y§»a K¤Jkh kÂfS« bghUªâa khnjh£l¤ J‹Å a‹bghL koat ÇiwŠRnf Ô¢ru¤ JŸshnu!

óî shDk¥ bghUflš t©zD« òÉÆlª bjGªnjho nkÉ ehoÃ‹ doÆiz fh©»yh É¤jf bk‹dhF« khî« ófK§ fjÈí« beU§Fkh njh£le‹ df®k‹Å¤ njÉ j‹bdhLª âUªJnf Ô¢ru¤ âUªjv« bgUkhnd!

ò¤j uhŒ¢áy òidJ» Yilat® òwDiu¢ rkzhj® v¤j uh»Ã‹ W©gt Ça«ãa ViHik nfns‹Ä‹ k¤j ahidia kW»l îÇbrŒJ ngh®¤jt® khnjh£l¤ j¤j® k‹Dgh yhÉÆ‹ fiuÆ‰nf Ô¢ru kilÄ‹nd!

khbl yhkz Kubrd¡ flÈd bjhÈft® khnjh£l¤ jhl nyWil a©zšnf Ô¢ru¤ jofis aÂfhÊ ehL sh®¡»iw Phdr« gªj‹brhš eÉ‹bwG ghkhiy¥ ghl yhÆd ghLÄ‹ g¡j®fŸ gufâ bgwyhnk!

âU¢á‰w«gy« 4

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

,e;Jxsp jpUf;NfjP];tu jpUf;Nfhapy; kNfhw;rt rpwg;gpjo; mq;fk;nkhop md;dhuth; mkuu; njhONjj;j> tq;fk;kyp fpd;wfly; khNjhl;led; efupy;> glNthpil klthnshL ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; vOe;jUspapUf;Fk;

jpUf;NfjPr;ruehjh; jpUf;Nfhapypd; tUlhe;j kNfhw;rtg; ngUtpoh

,k;khjk; 23Mk; jpfjp nfhbNaw;wj;Jld; Muk;gkhfpapUf;fpwJ. ,k;khjk; 31Mk; jpfjpad;W ,uNjhw;rtk; eilngwtpUf;fpwJ. ,jidnahl;b mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wj;jpd;

Md;kPf ,johd ,e;J xsp

kNfhw;rtr; rpwg;gpjohf kyh;e;Js;sJ. ,e;j rpwg;gpjio mUs;kpF nfshp mk;ghs; clDiw jpUf;NfjPr;rug; ngUkhd; jpUg;ghjq;fSf;F rkh;g;gpg;gjpy; mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wk; ngUkfpo;r;rpailfpwJ.

âUPhdr«gªj® jÇá¤j âU¡nfÔ¢ru« VHhiy K. Phd¥ãufhr«

<H eh£oš ÃyÉa irt thœití«, irt be¿iaí«, irt¢rhšigí« Kj‹ Kjyhf¤ bjËthf

btË¥gL¤âat® âUPhdr«gªj _®¤â RthÄfns. RthÄfŸ ». ã. VHh« ü‰wh©od®. ïuhnkÞtu¡ fiuÆÈUªJ, mâöu tz¡f« brŒJ, <H eh£ony khnjh£l efiu neh¡» Ã‰F« RthÄfS¡F, N¡Fk¤â‰ N¡Fkkhí«, bgÇaâ‰ bgÇjhí« âfœªJ, <H eh£il mUsh£á òÇªJ Ra«òÈ§f« njh‹¿¡ fh£á mË¡»wJ. Ra«ò _®¤âah»a átãuh‹ âÇòuhªjf _®¤âahŒ `cL«ò x‹iw¥ g‰¿ Ã‰gJ nghy' âU¡nfÔ¢ru¤ij ïWf¥ g‰¿¥ bfh©L Ã‰gijí«, g‰¿aJ kh¤âuÄ‹¿ mjidna rjh fUâ¡ bfh©L Ã‰gijí«, MjÇ¤J¡ fhjÈ¤J¡ bfh©oU¥gijí« xU mâ m‰òj mU£fh£á _y« fhQ»‹wh®. m¡fh£áahš ÉG§f¥g£l RthÄfË‹ ghlšfŸ âU¡nfÔ¢ru¥ óÄ ÛJ ghl¥bg‰w ghlšfshfnt mikªJÉL»‹wd. mâöu¤âÈUªJ mªj¥óÄia¤ âir neh¡»¡ `if¤bjhH bfL« ïl®Éid jhnd' v‹»‹wh®. mªj¥óÄia¤ bjhGj‰F vGnth« vd vGªJ Ã‹whny "bjhGbjH¡ fLÉid milahnt v‹»wh®. vGªJ m¥óÄia milnth« vd kd¤jhš c‹Å milgtU¡F "mUÉid milahnt" v‹»‹wh®. m¥óÄia milªJ, m¥óÄÆ‹ guk ïufáakh»a _®¤âia xUt® f©LbfhŸthuh»š, mt® ghj§fËš ÉGªJ F«ãLthuh»š, "bkhŒ¤J vG« Éidnghnk" v‹»‹wh®. ïitbašyh« ï§‡dÄU¥gjdhš, <Heh£L khnjh£l¤âny, ghyhÉ¡ fiuÆnyíŸs `m¤j® nfÔ¢ru« milÄ‹nd! milÄ‹nd!' v‹W« miw Tî»‹wh®. RthÄfŸ gâf« ghL« bghGJ, áy jy§fËš mt‰¿‹ âUÉHh¥ bghÈÉidna òfœªJ ghLth®; áyt‰¿š, M§FŸs ntj xÈ, Ñj xÈ KjÈat‰¿‰nf Kj‹ik bfhL¤J¥ ghLth®; ï‹D« ntW áyt‰¿š, M§FŸs mãnõf ó#hâfisí«, m®¢rid òÇªbjhGF« mªjz® xG¡f Énrl¤ijínk áw¥ã¤J¥ ghLth®; ï‹D« áyt‰¿š, moah®fŸ cU¤âu gš fz¤jh® nghy Ã‹W, m£L ï£L c©L x¡fÈ¡»‹wjh»a fh£áiana ghLth®. v§fŸ <H eh£il¥ bghW¤jk£oš, RthÄfŸ jy¤â‹ bgUik¡nf, mjhtJ óÄÆ‹ kf¤Jt¤J¡nf KjÈl« bfhL¤J¥ ghLthuhÆd®. <HehL xU átóÄ v‹w fU¤J¡ fh£ána RthÄfŸ cŸs¤âš nknyh§» Ã‹wjdh‰nghY«. “nfÔ¢ru«” v‹whš K¡fhy¤J« nfošyhj nfÔ¢ru« jhnd! vd¡ T¿ mUS»‹wh®. (e‹¿: âU¡nfÔ¢ru« âU¡Fl¤ âUkŠrd ky® - 1976) ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; Myaj;jpd; njhd;ikAk; goikAk; rpy jfty;fs; rutzKj;J fe;ijah =y= MWKf ehtyh; 1872Mk; Mz; b y; fz; l fdT 1976Mk; Mz;L a+iy khjk; 4Mk; jpfjp g+h;j;jpahdJ vy;yh irt rPyh;fSf;Fk; njhpe;jNj. mth; jpUf; N fjP r ; r u Myak; mope;Jfplg;gijf; fz;L kdk; tUe;jp 1872,y; aho; thOk; irth;fSf;F xU Ntz;LNfhs; tpLj;jhh;. vj;jidNah rptd; Nfhapy;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. Mdhy; njhd;iktha;ej ; goik ngw;w ];jykhfpa NfjPr;ruk; ghoile;J fplg;gJ irth;fshfpa cq;fSf;F mgpkhdk; tutpy;iyah vd;Wk; xt;nthU irtDk; jd;dhy; ,ad;wijf; nfhLj;jhy; ,f;Nfhapy; Kd; ,Ue;j cd;dj epiyf;F tur;nra;ayhk; vd;W ghpe;J xU Ntz;LNfhs; tpLj;jhh;. Mdhy; ehtyh; ngUkhd; fhyj;jpy; Nfhapw; jpUg;gzp xd;Wk; elf;ftpy;iy. mth; rptgjk; mile; j gpd; 1893Mk; Mz;L jpUf;NfjPr;ruj; jpUg;gzpr; rq;fk; xd;W aho; g ; g hzj; j th; f s; $l; b Kad; w nghOJ kd;dhh; fj;Njhypf;f nghpahh;fSk; FUkhh;fSk; Kl;Lf;fl;ilahf epd;whh;fs;. mg;gb ,Ue;Jk; nrhw;g Vf;fh; fhzp gpurpj;j Mz;L Vyj;jpy; thq;fpdhh;fs;. thq;fp, xU rpW Nfhapy; (rptd;) ];jhgpj;jhh;fs;. 1903Mk; Mz;L 1921Mk; Mz;L kd;dhhpy; Ntiy nra;j murhq;f cj;jpNahfj;jh;fshy; jpUj;jpf; fl;lg;gl;lJ. mf; f hyj; j py; Gifapuj eP b g; G fe; N jhhpy; Ntiy nra;j fhyQ;nrd;w jpU.Rg;gpukzpak; vd; D k; xU fzf; f hsh; (Accountant in the Railway Extension Dept.) kpfr; rpuj;ij vLj;jhh; vd ehk; mwpfpNwhk;. ,th; aho;g;ghzk; RJit khdpg;gha; vd;Dk; fpuhkj;ijr; Nrh;e;jth;. mtNu kd;dhh; cg;Gf;Fsj;Jg;gps;isahh; NfhapYf;Fk; fhhpa fh;j;jhthf ,Ue;jhh; vd ehk; mwpfpNwhk;. fhyg;Nghf;fpy; jpUf;NfjPrr ; uk; Nfhapy; ghpghydj;ij, ePh;nfhOk;G, rpyhgk;, Gj;jsk;, nfhOk;gpy; tzpfk; nra;j ehl;Lf;Nfhl;il nrl;bahh; tk;rhtopapdh; ghpghypj;J jpdrhp fpukg+ir xOq;Ffs; jsghlq;fs; thfdk; Mfpa jpUf;NfhapYf;F chpa nghUs;fs; vy;yhk; thq;fp Nghl;L ghpghydk; nra;jhh;fs;.

1948Mk; Mz;L mf;Nlhgh; 19Mk; jpfjp jpUf;NfjPr;ru Mya jpUg; g zpr; r ig mq; F uhh; g ; g zk; nra;ag;gl;lJ. jpUg;gzpr; rigahh; ,e; j f; NfhtpYf; F jpUj; j k; nra; J 1952Mf]; l ; khjk; Fk; g hgpN\fk; itj; j hh; f s; . irtrpj;jhe;jpfSk;, ,];jgjp fSk; ,e;J rh];jpu Kiwg;gb ,g;Ngh fl;lg;gl;L xU mstpw;F g+h;j;jpahd NfhtpYf;F mj;jpthuk; 1953, khh;r;R khjk; 27Mk; jpfjp, ntl;b mj;jpthuf;fy; ehl;lg;gl;lJ. 23 tUl fhykhf jpUg;gzp Ntiyf;F gzk; Nrh;j;J g+h; j ; j paha; tpl; l J. ,j; j pUg; g zp Ntiyapy; $ba rpukk; vLj;jth;fs; Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; (jiyth;) jpU.v];.rptRg;ukzpak; (nrayhsh;) gpd;G jpU. ,. ekrpthak; rl;lj;juzpapd; ed; tplhKaw;rpahy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; Nfhapy; tsh;r;rp ngw;wJ.

jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; Nfhapy; Kjd; K jyhf Nrhokd;dh;fshy; my;yJ gy;yt kd;dh;fshy; fl;lg;gl;L ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ghz;bah; 1274-84 fp;;.gp. ,yq;ifia Mz;lhh;fs;. mg;NghJjhd; tPughz;bad; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj;ijj; jpUj;jp ghz; b a ehl; L rpw; g k; itj; J Nfhapiyj; jpUj;jp mikj;jhd; vd;gJ rhpj;jpuk;. md;wpAk; GijnghUs; Muha;rr ; pahsuhd jpU. rz;Kfehjd; mgpg;gpuhaj;jpd;gb, Nrhokfhuhrhf;fs; jq;fs; rpw;g rpj;jpug;gb Nfhapiy mikj;jhh;fs;. ghz;ba ,uhrhf;fs; rpjk;guk; rpw;g rpj;jpu Kiwg;gb jpUj;jpaikj;jhh;fs; vd vOjpapUe;jhh;. Mdhy; GijnghUs; Muha; r ; r pahsuhy; vLf;fg;gl;l nghpa rptypq;fKk;, ee;jpAk;, fNr\h tpf;fpufKk; fw;fshy; nra;ag;gl;ld. Nrhkh];fe;j %h;j;jk; (tPurf;jpAld;) gQ;rNyhfj;jhy;(nrk;G) nra;ag;gl;l Nrhkh];fe;j tpf;fpufk; Nrhokd;dh; fhyj; J nra; a g; g l; l J vd; W jpl; l tl; l khf mgp;g;gpuhak; vOJfpwhh;. Mdhy; rptypq;fKk; ee;jpAk;, ghz;bad; fhyj;J rpj;jpu rpw;gk; vd;W $Wfpwhh;.

(,yq;if ,e;J - jpUf;NfjP];tuk; kz;lyhgpN\f kyh; - (1976) khkd;w ntspaPL) ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

rk; g e; j %h; j ; j p ehadhh; Vohk; E}w; w hz; b y; FkhpKidapy; epd;W NfjPr;ruj;jhid gw;wp gjpfk; ghbAs;shh;. Re;ju%h;j;jp ehadhh; xd;gjhk; E} w;whz;by; NfjPr;ruj;jhidg;gw;wpAk; ghyhtp Mw;wpd; kfpikiag; g w; w pAk; ghb cs; s hh; f s; . Mdhy; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; j py; itf; f g; g l; b Uf; F k; ee; j p (cile;jJ) kpfg; nghpaJ. mt;tsT nghpa ee;jp ,yq;ifapy; ve;j gioa rptd; Nfhapy;fspYk; fhzKbahJ. ,e;j ee;ep jiy rhpahky; ,Ug;gjhy; ,J ee;jd; fhyj;Jf;F Ke;jpdJ. jpUg;Gq;$hpy; ee;jp tpyf ee;jd; ghbdhd;- ee;jp tpyfpaJ. mjd; gpwF Nfhapy;fspy; (rptd;) ee;jp jiyrhpe;Jjhd; ,Uf;fpwJ. fw; r pw; g h; f s; , ]; j gjpfs; , ee; j p jiyrhpj; J jhd;

nghwpg;ghh;fs;. ee;jd; fhyk; vg;Ngh? rpjk;guk; vg;Ngh fl;lg;gl;lJ? mf;fhyj;J, ee;jpfs; jiyepkph;eJ ; jhd; ,Uf;Fk;. ,JTk; xUfhy tuyhw;iw- ,yq;ifapy; nghydWthtpy; rptd; Nfhapy; xd; w py; jiy rhpahky; ,Uf;fpwJ. aho;g;ghzj;jpy; rq;fhid RJkiy GtNd];thp mk;kd; Nfhapy; ee;jpAk; jiyrhpahky; ,Uf;ff;fhzyhk;. NtW rpy gioa rptd; Nfhapy;fspy; ee;jp jiy rhpahky; ,Uf;fpd;wd. jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; j py; Nkw; F tP j papy; itj; j pUf; F k; rptypq;fj;ij cw;Wg;ghh;j;jhy; xU N[hjp tbtk; ,Uf;fpwJ. ,e;j rptypq;fk; xU gf;fj;jpy; cile;J ,Ug; g jhy; %y]; j hdj; j py; itf; f g; g ltpy; i y NghYk;. - rutzKj;J fe;ijah

khNjhl;lk; Nfhl;ilAk; jpUf;NfjPr;ru rptd; NfhapYk; Ngh;ngw;w ];jykhf ,yq;ifapy; ,uhtzd; fhyj;jpy; ,w;iwf;F 2000 tU\q;fSf;F Kd; ,Ue;jJ vdr; rhpj;jpuk; nrhy;YfpwJ. = ,uhkgpuhd; ,uhtzid ntd;W rPijia kPl;L ,yq;ifapypUe;J guj fz;lj;Jf;F nfhz;LNghf Kd; ghyhtpf; fiuNky; ,Ue;j rptypq;fj;ij tzq;fpdhnud rhpj;jpuk; $WfpwJ. Mifahy; ,e;j gioiktha;e;j rptypq;fk; ,uhkgpuhdhy; tzq;fg;gl;lJ vd;gjw;F Iakpy;iy.

rpwg;Gkpf;f jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; I.ifyhrehjf; FUf;fs;

jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;ijg; ghh;j;j clNd ekJ jha; ehlhd ghuj ehl;bd; epidT tUfpwJ. fhuzk; mq;F mike;jpUf;Fk; Myaf; fl;bl mikg;G vdyhk;. njd; ,e;jpar; rpw;g ty;Ydh;fshy; rpw;g Kiwg;gb tpkhdq;fs; uh[NfhGuq;fs;> ghpthu Myaq;fs; Kiwg;gbAk; rhpj;jpu xOq;FfisAk; mDrhpj;J kpf mofhf mike;jpUf;fpwJ. ,j;jyk;> jPh;j;jk;> %h;j;jp vy;yhk; Kiwaha; mike;jpUf;fpwJ. ,j;jyj;jpy; Njth;fs;> Kdpth;fs;> rpj;jh;fs;> mbahh;fs;> rPtuhrpfs; g+rpj;J tuk; ngw;wjhf rhpj;jpuq;fSk; fh;zguk;giuf; fijfSk; cz;L. <Rtuidf; NfJ g+rpj;jikahy; NfjP];tuk; vd;W te;jjhfTk; fUj ,lKz;L. mRuh;fSk; rptg+irapw; rpwe;jth;fs; vd;W mth; guk;giuiar; Nrh;e;j kz;Nlhjhp kad; KjypNahUk; g+rpj;jjhfr; rhpj;jpuk; $Wfpd;wJ. ,yq;ifapy; gytpj mw;Gjq;fNshL tpNr\khf tzq;fp te;jJ ,e;j ];jyk; vd;W $wyhk;.

jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; Myak; nfhQ;rf; fhyk; kiwe;J fple;jJ. ekJ irtg; nghpahh; =y= MWKfehtyh; fhyj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dhf fz;L Muhjpf;fg;ngw;W te;jJ. mJ Kjy; fhyj;jpw;Ff; fhyk; jpUj;jg;ngw;W ,e;jpah ehl;Lf;Nfhl;il efuj;jhuhYk;> ,yq;if tho; irt md;gh;fshYk; Mjhpj;J tzq;fp te;jJ. gpd;dh; ,w;iwf;F rpy Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dh; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj; jpUg;gzpr; rig vd xd;W Vw;gLj;jp mjd; %yk; irtg;nghpahh; Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; mth;fs; Kjyhd md;gh;fspd; ngUk; Kaw;rpahy; <rhd rpthrhhpahh; eurpk;kidf;nfhz;L rfy ghp Fwpg;gpy; ,Ue;jgb Myaq;fs;> klq;fs;> FUFyk;> ghlrhiy> Rf;fpufhuk; Kjyhditfs; vy;yhk; Kiwg;gb mikag;ngw;wpUf;fpwJ. nghJthf xt;nthU klq;fspYk; Fwpg;gpl;l jpdq;fspy; tpNrl epfo;r;rpfs; eilngWtNjhL rpwg;ghf <oj;Jr; rptdbahh; jpUf;$l;lj;jhh; khh;fopj; jpUthjpiu gj;J ehl;fspYk; g+ir> jpahdk;> jpUKiw Xjy;> Guhzg;gldk;> rkar; nrhw;nghopTfs;> rptg+ir kfhehL Kjypa epfo;r;rpfSk; ele;J tUtijf; ftdpf;Fk;NghJ kzpthrfg; ngUkhd; ghba “,d;dpir tPizah; ahopdh;” vd;w jpUg;gs;sp vOr;rpg; ghl;L ekJ jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpw;F kpfg; nghUj;jk; vd;Wk; ,Jjhdh jpUg;ngUe;Jiw vd;W epidf;fTk; Njhd;WfpwJ. (,yq;if ,e;J - jpUf;NfjP];tuk; kz;lyhgpN\f kyh; - (1976) khkd;w ntspaPL)

ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

ghyhtpapd; fiuaku;e;j gukd; fyhG+\zk; ,uhN[];tup n[fhde;jFU

“rptG+kp”

,j;jyk; gw;wp “jl;rpzifyha khd;kpak;”> “khe;ijg; gs;S” vd;Dk; E}y;fSk; nra;jpfs; je;Js;sd. ,j;jyj;jpd; fz; ciwAk; ,iwtd; ehkk; jpUf;NfjP];tu ehju; MFk;. ,iwtp ngau; nfsupak;gpif. jy tpUl;rk;> td;dp kuk;. ,q;Fs;s %u;j;jpapy; Mfhak;> epyk;> ePu;> tsp> mf;fpdp> #upad;> re;jpud;> ,akhdd; vd;Dk; vl;L %u;j;jq;fSk; xd;W Nru;e;jpUg;gjhy; Re;juu; ngUkhd; jdJ Njthug;ghlypy; ,q;Fs;s ,iwtd; ml;ld; mofd; vdf;Fwpg;gpl;Lg; ghbAs;shu;. Qhdrk;ge;jUk; jdf;F Qhdg;ghY}l;ba vk;ngUkhl;bf;F ed;wp $WKfkhf jdJ Njthug;ghlypy; Njtpia Kjw;fz; Fwpg;gpl;L “Njtp jd;ndhLk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;J ,Ue;j vk;ngUkhNd” vdf; Fwpg;gl;Lg; ghbj;je;jik ,q;F ftdpf;fg;ghyJ. ,j; jyj;jpd; gz;ila tuyhw;iw Nehf;fpd;> “tq;fk; kypfpd;w khNjhl;l ed;dfu;” vdg; ghlg; ngw;wjhy; ,j;jyk; Nfe;jpu Kf;fpaj;JtKs;s tzpfg;gl;bdj;jpNyNa mike;jJ vd;gJ Gydhfpd;wJ. Njtjr;rd; kad; vd;gtDk; kfhJtl;lh vd;gtDk; epu;khzpj;j jyk; jpUf;NfjP];tuk; vd;gJ kuGf;fij. kadpd; kfs; kz;Nlhjup jPu;j;j ahj;jpiu nra;j mu;r;Rdd; MfpNahu; ,j;jyj;ij topgl;ljhfj; jl;rpz ifyha khd;kpak; $WtNjhL> tp[aDld; ,yq;if te;j cgjp];]d; vd;Dk; me;jzd; ,j;jyj;jpw; G+ir nra;Jte;jjhf kfhtk;rKk; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sJ. gpw;fhyr; Nrho kd;du;fspy; Kjyhk; ,uhN[e;jpud;> ,ilf;fhyg; ghz;ba kd;du;fSs;> Kjyhk; Re;ju ghz;bad; Kjyhd kd;du;fs; ,j;jpUj;jyj;jpw;F jpUg;gzpfs; nra;Js;sdu;. ,jd; fhuzkhf fp.gp. 11Mk; E}w;whz;bYk;> mjidj; njhlu;e;j fhyj;jpYk; ,j;jyk; jkpo;ehl;L jpUtuq;ff; NfhapYf;F epfuhf> ,izahf VO Rw;Wg;gpuRuq;fNshL jpfo;e;jjhfTk;> Nrhou; Ml;rpf;fhyj;jpy; ,k; Nkd;ikAW jyk; ,uh[uh[ kfhNjtd; Nfhapy; vd;Dk; ,Ug;Gg; ngau; ngw;wpUe; jikAk; ,q;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. ,j;jifa rpwg;GW Myak; 1690Mk; Mz;L mstpy; Nghu;j;Jf;Nfauhy; ,bj;J mopf;fg;ngw;wJ. njhlu;e;J te;j flw;ngUf;fhy; ,t;thyak; ,Ue;j ,lKk; kiwe;jJ gpd;du; Vwj;jho 200 Mz;Lfspd; gpd;du; 1894Mk; Mz;L mfo;thuha;r;rpahsu;fshy; ,t;thyak; %u;j;jp> jyk;> jPu;j;jk; vDk; Kr;rpwg;Gf;fSld; mike;jpUe;j ,lk; fz;L gpbf;fg;gl;lJ. jhAkhdtu; ghlYk; ,jw;Fr; rhd;whFk;. gpd;du; MWKfehtyu; ngUkhdpd; Ntz;L NfhSf;fpzq;f aho; tho; irtg;ngUkf;fs; xd;W $b fhL

vdj; jpU%yuhy; Nghw;wg;ngw;w vkJ <oj;jpUehl;bNy> rptdhyaq;fSf;Fg; gQ;rNkapy;iy. Kk;%u;j;jpfSs; Kjy;td; rptd;> rptdhUf;nfd gQ;r <];tuq;fs;> “Myak; njhOtJ rhyTk; ed;W” vd;w thf;fpw;fpzq;f ahk; topgl;L ca;a vkJ ehl;bd; ehyh gf;fKk; mike;Js;sd. ,t;thyaq;fs; kpfg; Guhjdkhdit> mUs;kzk; fko;git. vkJ jpUehl;bd; fpof;Nf jpUf;NfhNz];tuKk;> Nkw;Nf jpUf;NfjP]t ; uKk;> tlf;Nf eFNy];tuKk;> fhyj;jhy; Ke;jpa Kd;Nd];tuKk; ,tw;wpw;F Nkyhf tlkj;jpapy; Njhd;wpa xl;LRl;lhd; jhd; Njhd;wP];tuKk;> kl;lf;fsg;Gg; gpuNjrj;jpy; mike;Js;s nfhf;fl;br;Nrhiy jhd; Njhd;wP];tuKk; vkJ rpt topghl;bw;F cfe;jit. ,tw;Ws; kd;dhu; khtl;lj;jpy; khe;Njhl;lj;jpy; ghyhtpapd; fiuapy; mike;Js;sJ jpUf;NfjP];tuj;jyk;. mq;fk; nkhop md;dhu; mtu; mkuu; njhONjj;j tq;fk; kypfpd;w khNjhl;l ed;dfupy; gq;fk; nra;j gpiw#bdd; ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; nrq;fz; muT mirj;jhd; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jhNd! (- Re;juu; Njthuk;) ,t;thW ,j;jyj;jpy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; rptidg; gw;wpg; ghbj;je;jtu; Re;juu;ngUkhd;. jkpo; ehl;by; mike;j gy rptj;jyq;fisnay;yhk; juprpj;J te;j Re;juu; ngUkhd;> ,uhNk];tuj;jpw;F te;jNghJ ,yq;ifapy; kd;dhupy; khNjhl;lj;jpy; ghyhtpahw;wpd; fiuapy; mike;Js;s jpUf;NfjP];tuj; jyk; gw;wpf; Nfs;tpAw;whu;. ,g;gok;ngUk;gjp gw;wpAk; mq;fike;j mUs;kpF ml;ld; mofdpd; ngUik gw;wpAk;> jd; Qhdf;fz;zhy; fz;lwpe;j Re;juu; khNjhl;lj;jpd; tsj;ijAk; ghyhtpapd; jd;ikiaAk;> nrOikiaAk; ,iwtd;> ,iwtp mUl;fUiziaAk; Nghw;wp xU gjpfj;ijNa ghbaUspdhu; ,t;tz;zk; jpUf;NfjP];tug; gjpfk; cUthdJ. tuyhw;Wg; ngUikf;Fk; Ma;Tf;Fk; mg;ghw;gl;l ,t;tUl;jyk; gw;wp> Qhdg;ghYz;l Qhdrk;ge;j RthkpfSk; ghbg; gutpaik ,q;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

%tnud ,Utnud Kf;fz;Zil %u;j;jp khtpd; fdp J}q;Fk; nghopy; khNjhl;l ed;dfupy; ghtk; tpid mWg;ghu; gapy; ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; Njtd; vid Ms;thd; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jhNd! (Qhdrk;ge;ju; Njthuk;) ,e;j tifapy; Qhdr; nry;tq;fshd Re;ju%u;j;jp RthkpfshYk;> jpUQhdrk;ge;juhYk; ghlg;ngw;w ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

Rªju_®¤â ehadh® njthu«

ntl;b ,iw rpj;jj;jpd; tz;zk; ,j;jpUj;jyk; mike;j ,lk;> fpzW> kfhypq;fk;> Nrhkh];fe;ju;> tpehafu; Mfpa tpf;fpufq;fs; fz;Lgpbf;fg;ngw;wd. Myaj; jpUg;gzpfs; Muk;gpj;J ,uhNk];tuk; topahf fhrpapypUe;J nfhzu;e;j rptypq;fKk; mk;ghs; tpf;fpufKk; fw;Nfhapy; mikj;J ];jhgpf;fg;ngw;W Fk;ghgpN\fKk; ,lk;ngw;wJ. ehtyu; ngUkhdpd; Ntz;LNfhs; kw;Wk; tz;zhu;gz;iz gRgjpr; nrl;bahu; kw;Wk; irtj; njhz;lu;fs; ahtupdJk; njhlu; Kaw;rpahy; ,g;Gz;zpa jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jyk; kPz;Lk; GJ mUl;nghypT ngw;nwOe;jJ. Re;jug;ngUkhdhy; ghlg;ngw;w Re;juf;Nfhapy; kPz;Lk; Re;jug; nghypT ngw;wJ. ,d;Dk; ,j;jyj;jpd; jPu;j;jr;rpwg;gpidf; $wg;Gfpd;> ,j;jyj;jpd; jPu;j;jkhfpa “gupa jpiu vwpahtU ghyhtp” vd Re;jug; ngUkhd; Gfo;e;jNjhL> “ghtk; tpid mWg;ghd; gapy; ghyhtp” vdTk;> gj;jhfpa njhz;lu;njhO ghyhtp vd;Wk; ghyhtpj; jPu;j;jj;jpd; rpwg;igAk;> Nkd;ikiaAk;> mUl;jpwidAk; Re;juu; Nghw;wpg;ghbAs;shu;. NkYk; kfh rptuhj;jpup fhyj;jpy; mbahu;fs; nts;spf; Flq;fspy; ghyhtpj; jPu;j;jj;ij ms;spj; jhNk nfhz;L te;J rptypq;fg; ngUkhDf;F mgpNlfpj;jy; fz;nfhs;shf; fhl;rpahf mikAk;. ,r; rptypq;fNk Guhjd Nfhapypd; %y];jhdj;jpy; mike;jpUe;j kpfg;ngupa kfhypq;fkhFk;. ,e;j rptypq;fk; ,g;NghJ Myaj;jpd; Nkw;Fg; gpufhuj;jpy; gpujpl;il nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. ,j;jyj;jpy; MWfhyg;G+irfs; xOq;fhf ,lk; ngWfpd;wd. mj;NjhL kfhrptuhj;jpup cw;rtk; kpfr; rpwg;ghff; nfhz;lhlg;ngw;W tUfpd;wJ. tUlhe;j eNlru; mgpNlfq;fSk; gpuNjh\ tpuj tpohf;fSk; $l rpwg;ghf Mz;LNjhWk; ,j;jpUj;jyj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;w tUjy; fz;$L. ,t;thyaj;jpd; tUlhe;j cw;rtk; nfhbNaw;wj;Jld; Muk;gkhfp gj;J ehl;fs; rpwg;ghff; nfhz;lhlg;ngWtNjhL> itfhrp tprhfj;jd;W jPu;j;Njhw;rtk; ,lk;ngWk; tifapy; tpoh mikfpd;wJ. mbahu;fs; Nritahf jpUQhdrk;ge;ju; klk;> Re;juu; klk;> rptuhj;jpup klk;> jpUthrf klk;> nfsuPru; klk;> fjpu;fhk ahj;jpiuj; njhz;lu; rig klk;> ehtyu; klk;> efuj;jhu; klk; kw;Wk; rkPg fhyj;jpy; mikf;fg;ngw;w Gjpa klq;fSkhf ,it ahj;jpupfu;fl;F msg;gupa Nritfisj; jpdKk; ,j;jyj;jpy; nra;J tUjy; ghuhl;Lf;FupaJ. ,e;j tifapy; jpUf;NfjP];tu Myak; mUs; epiwTld; mofhd #oypy; thDw vOe;j ,uh[NfhGuk; tz;zf; fiyapd; vopy; nfhQ;Rk; Myar; rpw;gq;fs; ahTk; nra;abahiu <u;f;f ghyhtpapd; fiuapNy NfjP];tuj;jhd; nfsupak;gpifNahL tPw;wpUe;J ghyhtpapd; fiuaku;e;j gukdhf ,d;Wk; mUshl;rp nra;J tUfpd;whd;. ml;ld; mofhf miujd;Nky; muthu;j;J kl;Lz;L tz;lhLk; khNjhl;l ed;dfupy; gl;ltup EjyhnshL ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; rpl;ld; eikahs;thd; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jhNd! (Re;juu; Njthuk;) ïªJ xË

âU¢á‰w«gy« ej;jhh;gil Qhdd;gR Ntwpe;eid ftpo;tha; kj;jk;kj ahidAhp Nghh;j;jkz thsd; gj;jhfpa njhz;lh;njhO ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; nrj;jhnuYk; gzpthd;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; jhNd! RLthh;nghb ePWe;ey;y Jz;lg;gpiw fPSk; flkhh;fsp ahidAhp mzpe;j fiwf; fz;ld; glVhpil klthnshL ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; jplkhciw fpd;whd;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; jhNd! mq;fk;nkhop ad;dhuth; mkuh;njhO Njj;j tq;fk;kyp fpd;wfly; khNjhl;led; dfhpy; gq;fQ;nra;j gpiw#bdd; ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; nrq;fz;zu tirj;jhd;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; jhNd! fhpafiwf; fz;ld;ey;y fz;NknyhU fz;zhd; thparpiw tz;Laho;nrAk; khNjhl;led; dfUs; ghpajpiu vwpahtU ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; njhpAkiw ty;yhd;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; jhNd! mq;fj;JW Neha;fs;sb ahh;Nknyhopj; jUsp tq;fk;kyp fpd;wfly; khNjhl;led; dfhpy; gq;fQ;nra;j klthnshL ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; njq;fk;nghopy; #o;e;jjpUf; NfjPr;ruj; jhNd! nta;atpid ahamb ahh;Nknyhopj; jUsp itak;kyp fpd;wfly; khNjhl;led; dfhpy; igNahpil klthnshL ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; nra;aril Kbahd;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; jhNd! Cdj;JW Neha;fs;sb ahh;Nknyhopj; jUsp thdj;JW kypAq;fld; khNjhl;l ed;dfhpy; ghy;ej;JW nkhopahnshL ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; Vndj;njap wzpe;jhd;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; jhNd! ml;ld;do fhftiu jd;NkyuT Mh;j;J kl;Lz;Ltz; lhYk;nghopy; khNjhl;led; dfhpy; gl;lthp EjyhnshL ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; rpl;ld;eik ahs;thd;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; jhNd! %tnud ,Utnud Kf;fz;Zil %h;j;jp khtpd;fdp J}q;Fk;nghopy; khNjhl;led; dfhpy; ghtk;tpid aWg;ghh;gapy; ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; Njtd;vid ahs;thd; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj; jhNd! fiwahh;fly; #o;e;jfop khNjhl;led; dfUs; rpiwahh;nghopy; tz;Laho;nrAq; NfjPr;ruj; jhid kiwahh;Gf *ud;dbj; njhz;lDiu nra;j Fiwahj;jkpo; gj;JQ;nrhyf; $lhnfhL tpidNa! âU¢á‰w«gy« 9

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

v§fŸ <rid¡ f©L bfh©nlnd ! fÉP® É. fªjtd« nrhâahf ts®ªJ gl®ªJ nrhjidf ssªJ flªnj Mâaªj ÄyhJ Ãiy¤J« m‹gUŸs kidÆš âis¤J« ntjPhdr« gªjÇ‹ ghlš ÉisªJ nf£Lk »œªâUªjhid nfJehS« tÊgl¥ bg‰w nfLngh¡»ia¡ f©Lbfh© nlnd!

k£o yhts® khef® bgh§» th®flš òz® ghdâ thd« K£Lnfhòu¡ nfhÆby‹ bwšyh« _o k©Qbsh® fh£ilí© lh¡» Ã£ilbfh©L jÅ¤âUª jhid Ãid¥g t®kd« Ã‹wUŸthid ï£lnfJ tÊgl¥ bg‰w Vfehjid¡ f©Lbfh© nlnd!

ÚWóR§ fl‰fiu njhW« Ã¤âyŠ rªj d¤Jl‹ nrU« kh¿yhjgš thÂg¡ f¥gš tÇirbfh©L K‹Ã‹wkh njh£l« ngWbg‰¿l¡ bfsÇíª jhD« ngjÄ‹¿ És§»Ã‹ whid TWnfJ tÊgl¥ bg‰w bfh‰wt‹wid¡ f©Lbfh© nlnd!

M©l nfhÆš fË¤âUª jhid mJîÄ‹¿ bahË¤âUª jhid Û©Lª j‹dt® ehty® _y« nk‹ik bfhŸgâ f§fis¡ fh£o¤ ö©o¥ g¤jiu¤ bjhšòfœ eh£o¤ njh©l¤ njh‹¿ baGªâUª jhid nt©o¡nfJ tÊgl¥ bg‰w ntjehjid¡ f©Lbfh© nlnd!

g¤jU¡F tU«òw nehí« ghÉah®jik ahsf nehí« R¤âbrŒJ bjhl®ªJ K‹ghŒªj öathW ghyhÉ kU§»š ã¤j‹ v‹wt‹ m®¢rid gh£lhš ã‹d® brŒa k»œªâUª jhid Ã¤j«nfJ tÊgl¥ bg‰w ÃfÇyh‹wid¡ f©Lbfh© nlnd!

ešy T¤ât® brŒiffŸ v‹W eh‹F â¡fo ah®fS Ä‹W všiy Æ‰òfœ ghoa t©z« ï‹g beŠRbe¡ fhoa t©z« bršy tšÉid nr®ªJe‰ óir brŒa nt‰wUŸ brŒâU¥ ghid tšynfJ tÊgl¥ bg‰w khªij ah®jik¡ f©Lbfh© nlnd!

bj‹id th‹Fil ahilgh yhÉ bj‹wš rhkiu gh£L¡FÆšfŸ k‹Dntj« »ËfŸeš yhlš kŠiP th¤âa« kªâfŸ ahid t‹d kh‹t£l« gªj«á W¤ij v‹D« t©z« gtÅbfhŸ thid ï‹d‰nfJ tÊgl¥ bg‰w ïa‰if thzid¡ f©Lbfh© nlnd!

rhâ nt‰Wik ngh»lš nt©L« jÄH® x‰Wik ah»lšnt©L« VjÄš jÄœ M©ol nt©L« v‹W behªjo ah®fŸt z§F« nghJ ò‹dif ó¤jUŸ thid ó©l khiyÆ u©Lil ahid nfJK‹d® tÊgl¥ bg‰w nf©ik ahsiu¡ f©Lbfh© nlnd!

x‹¿¥ g¤j® cyhÉtz§f XJ«ntjk dhÉÆ z§f bt‹w nrhH® ÉHh¡fbsL¤J åâ njhW« tz§fÃ‹ whid ï‹W k‹Wbk‹ bw‹WKŸ shid ïUt® ghlš brÉkL¤ jhid v‹W«nfJ tÊgl¥ bg‰w v§fŸ <rid¡ f©Lbfh© nlnd!

ngh‰¿ bjhštu yh‰Wkh njh£l« ngh‰¿ ò©Âa ghyhÉ¤ Ô®¤j« ngh‰¿ íŸs¤JŸ v©Âa nfJ ngh‰¿ órid brŒje‰ gh‹ik ngh‰¿ <H¤j t¥ga‹ ngh‰¿ bghŒÆš bjh©l® cs¤jt® njt® ngh‰¿ bfsÇa« ik¥bgU kh£o ngh‰¿ nfÔ¢r u®gj« ngh‰¿!

(ïy§if ïªJ - âU¡nfÔÞtu« k©lyhãnõf ky® - (1976) khk‹w btËpL) ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

tuyhw;wpypUe;J rpy jfty;fs;

NfJgfthd; g+rpj;j jpUf;NfjPrr ; uj; jpUj;jyj;ij R+ugd;kd; kidtp gJkNfhkisapd; ghl;ldhd kfhJtl;lh vd;w Njtrpw;gp g+rpj;Jg; gy jpUg;gzpfs; nra;jhd;. ,uhtzd; khkdhfpa kad; vd;gtDk; topgl;Lg; gy jpUg;gzpfs; Ghpe;jhd;. fp. K. 6Mk; E}w;whz;bNy fypq;fNjr mur Fkhudhd tp[ad; ,t;thyaj;ijg; GJg;gpj;Jj; jpUg;gzpfisr; nra;tpj;jhd; vd;W “aho;g;ghz itgtkhiy” E}y; $WfpwJ. fp. gp. 11Mk; E}w; w hz; b d; Kw; g Fjpapy; ,uhruhrNrhod; kfd; ,uhNre;jpu Nrhod; jpUg;gzpfs; gytw;iw ed;F nra;J Nfhapiyr; Rw;wp ehd;F gf;fKk; ed;dPh; cth;ePh; mfopfisg; ghJfhg;gpd; nghUl;L mikj;jhd;. fp. gp. 13Mk; E}w;whz;bd; (12511280),ilg;gFjpapNy Kjyhk; Re;jughz;bad; gw;gy rpw;gNtiyj; jpUg;gzpfisr; nra;J epj;jpa iekpj;jpfq;fisr; rpwg;Gw elj;jpdhd;. fp.gp.14Mk; 15Mk; E}w; w hz; L fspYk; ghz; b a kd; d h; f s; Nfhapiy Mjhpj;Js;sdh;.

jpUf;NfjPr;ruehjid topgl;NlhUk;> jpUg;gzpfs; nra;NjhUk; khNjhl; l j; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uehjidj; jpUkhy; , gpukd;, ,e;jpud;, Njth;fs;, NfJgfthd;, kfhJtl;lh, gpUF Kdpth; , mfj; j pa Kdpth; , ,uhtzd; , khypathd;, kad;, kz;Nlhjhp, =uhkh;, ghz;bah;, Nruh;, ,uhNre;jpu Nrhod; KjypNahh; topgl;Lg; NgWngw;wdh;. jpUQhdrk;ge;jh;, Re;ju%h;j;jp Rthkpfs; MfpNahh; ,uhNkr;Rtuf; flw;fiuapy; epd;W jhprpj;Jj; Njthug; gjpfq;fs; ghbj; Jjpj;Js;sdh;. mUr; R dd; jP h ; j ; j ahj; j piuapd; nghUl; L j; njd;dhl;Lj; jyq;fis topgl;l gpd;dh; <oehL Nrh;e;J NfjPr;ruehjid topgl;lhd;. kd;dhh;j;jPTf;F mUNf njd; g hYs; s gFjpia muRGhpe; j ehf fd;dpifia mUr;Rdd; re;jpj;J mtisj; jpUkzk; nra;Jnfhz;lhd; vd xU tuyhW $Wk;. fp.K.6-Mk; Ehw;whz;bNy fypq;fehl;L murFkhudhd tp[ad; mtdJ ez; g h; f Sld; ,yq;if khNjhl;lj; JiwKfj;jpy; ,wq;fpa NghJ tp[adJ ez;gDk; gpuhkzf; FUTkhd cgj;jPrd; NfjPr;ruehjidg; g+rpj;jhd; vd;w tuyhWk; czL

fp.gp.16Mk; E}w; w hz; b d; ,WjpapypUe; J giftuhYk; eP u hYk; kz; k hhpahYk; mopAz; L Nfhapypd; epidNt vth; f ; F k; ,y; y hjpUe; j J. fp.gp.1872,y; =y= MWKfehtyh; ngUkhd; ,j;jyj;ijg;gw;wp epidTWj;jpajd; gadhf Kd;dh; kz;%ba NfhapypUe;j 40Vf;fh; epyk; murhq;f Vyk; tplg;gl;ljd; %ykhf 13-12-1893,y; ngwg;gl;lJ. mjw;F efuj;jhh;fSk; ,yq;ifr; irt ed;kf;fSk; Mtd nra;jdh;. gpd;G aho;g;ghzk; tz;zhh;gz;iz jpU.rp.j.K gRgjpr;nrl;bahh; md;gh;fspd; nghUs; nfhz;L ngUQ; nryTnra;J NfjPr;ruj;jpy; kz; mfo;tpj;Jg; gioa rpthyak; ,Ue;j ,lj;ijf; fz;Lgpbj;jhh;. Nfhapy; vOg;gpf; fphpahypq;fk;, nfshpak;ik, ee;jp, gypgPlk; Kjypad mikj;J 28-6-1903,y; Fk; g hgpN\fk; nra; t pj; j hh; . epj;jpa g+irfs; eilngwr;nra;J NkYk; jpUg;gzpfisr; nra;J fp.gp.1910,y; ,d;ndhU Fk;ghgpN\fKk; nra;J Kbj;jhh;.

jpUg;gzpr; rigahh; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myar; Rw;Wg;gpufhuj;jpy; g+kpapy; ,Ue;J vLj;j kfhypq;fk;, tpehafh;, Rg;gpukzpah;, eluhrh;, rz;NlRtuh; Kjypa %h;j;jpfisg; ghpthu gpujp\;il nra;J 31-101960,y; Fk;ghgpN\fk; nra;tpj;jdh;. NkYk; gw;gy jpUg;gzpfSld; Ie;J jsKila ,uhrNfhGuk;, Rw;Wkjpy;fs; Kbj;J fh;gg ; f;fpUfk;, mh;jj ; kz;lgk; Kjypatw; w pd; Ntiyfisf; fUq; f w; f shy; nra;ag;ngw;wd. k`hkz;lgk; fUq;fw;wpUg;gzpAk; ele;jJ. kpfg;nghpa ntz;fykzpia (,yz;ldpy; thh;g;glkhdJ) mjw;Nfw;w cWjpahd kzpf;$nlhd;wpy; ,uhrNfhGuj;jpd; ,lg;gf;fj;Nj mikj;Js;sdh;. mk;kzpapd; fk;guP khd njspthd Xq;fhuehjk; gyiky;fSf;Ff; Nfl;fty;yJ. fhyQ;nrd;w irtkzp Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myag; GdUj;jhuzj;jpw;Fr; nra;j rptj;njhz;Lfs; msg;ghpad MFk;. jpUg;gzpr; rigapy; cs;s vy;yhUk; rpwe;j ew;irtkzpfs; Mth;.

fhyg;Nghf;fpy; NfjPr;ruj;jpy; epj;jpag+irfs; kl;Lk; eilngw;Wf;nfhz;L jpUg;gzpNtiyfs; rpwpJ rpwpjhff; Fiwe;jd. ,jid czh;e;j nfhOk;gpYs;s irtg;ngUkf;fs; rhh;gpy; 1944Mk; Mz;bNy nfhOk;G nghuisapYs;s jpU.fh. ehfypq;fk; vd;gthpd; ,y;yj;jpy; jpU.t.f.nry;yg;gh, =.rp.rutzKj;J mbfshh;, jpU.eP.MWKfk; %tUk; Nrh;e;J <oj;Jr; rptdbahh; jpUf;$l;lk; vd;W Kjw;fz; Muk;gpj;jhh;fs;. mj;jpUf;$l;lj;jpd; Kaw;rpahy; 1948Mk; Mz;L jpUf;NfjPrr ; uj;jpy; irt kfhehnlhd;W epfo;ej ; J. mk;kfhehL ,yq;ifr; irtkf;fs; kdjpNy ngUtpopg;ig Vw;gLj;jpaJ. mt;tpopg;ig mbj;jskhff; nfhz;L 19-10-1948,y; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myag; GdUj;jhuz rig Njhd;wpaJ. ,r;rigahh; gy jpUg;gzpfisr; nra;J 1952Mk; Mz;L Mf];l; khjj;jpy; Fk;ghgpN\fk; nra;jdh;. mjpy; kJiu MjPdKk; ngUk; gq;fhw;wpaJ. Nkw;nfhz;Lk; gzpfis Ntfkhfr; rigahh; njhlh;e;jdh;.

(ed;wp :- ,yq;ifj; jpUf;NfjPr;ruf; Nfhapy; tuyhW - jpUthrfklk; ntspaPL-1984) ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

âU¡nfÔ¢ru¤ âU¥gÂí«

nr®. fªijah it¤âaehjD« r. mk;gpifghfd;

h; fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; gj;jhz;LfSf;F Nky; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj; jp;Ug;gzpr; rigf;Fj; jiytuhftpUe;Js;shh;fs;. ,f;fhyj;jpy; jpUf;NfjPr; ruj;jpy; jkf;nfd Xh; ,y;yj;ij mikj;jhh;. 'nfhl;by;" vd;gJ mjd; ngah;. mjdpypUe;J nfhz;Nl jpUg;gzp Ntiyfis Nkw;ghh;it nra;J nfhz;L te;jhh;fs;. ,g;gb mq;F trpj;J te;jgbahy; jhd; Mya Ntiyfis Nkw;ghh;it nra;jNjhL mq;F tUk; E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd ahj;jphpfh;fSld; Neuhfj; njhlh;G nfhs;s Kbe;jJ. ,g;gb mth;fSf;F Kd;Dk; gpd;DkpUe;j jpUf;NfjPr;ru Mya eph;thfpfs; xUtUk; mq;F trpf;ftpy;iy. Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; fhyj;Jf;F Kd;Dk; gy nghpahh;fs; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myak; rk;ge;jkhf mUe; njhz;lhw;wpAs;shh;fs;. MWKf ehtyh; mth;fs; jpUf;NfjPrr ; uj;jpy; gioagb Xh; Myak; mikf;f Ntz;ba mtrpaj;ij tw;GWj;jpAs;shh;fs;. gRgjpr; nrl;bahh; mth;fs; gioa MyakpUe;j ,lj;ijf; fz;Lgpbj;J mt;tplj;jpy; xU rpW Myaj;ij epWtp Fk;ghgpN\ fk; elhj;Jtpj;jhh;fs;. rptghjRe;juh; fhyj;jpy; gpugy ];jgjp nry;yf;fz;Z mth;fs;> fl;llf; fiyQh; eurpk;kd;> <rhd rpthr;rhhpahh; KjypNahhpd; MNyhrid Ald; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj;Jf;F xU Kiwahd glk; jahhpj;Jf; nfhLj;jhh;. ,g;glj;jpd;gb cl;gpufhuk;> ,uz;lhk; tPjp> NjNuhLk; tPjp Kjypatw;iw mikj;J jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myag; GdUj;jhuz Ntiyia Muk;gpj;j ngUik Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjidNa rhUk;. tPjpfis mikj;jJk;> Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; ghpthuf; Nfhapy;fis mikf;fj; njhlq;fpdhh;. 1960 Mk; Mz;by; tpehafh;> ituth;> Nrhkh];fe;jh;> gQ;rypq;fk;> kfhypq;fk;> Rg;gpukzpah;> eluhrh; KjypNahUf;Fhpa Nfhapy;fisg; g+h;j;jp nra;J jpUtUs; Jiznfhz;L Fk;ghgpN\fk; nra;J itj;jhh;fs;. ,g;ghpthuf; Nfhapy;fSf;Fs; kfhypq;fj;Jf;F mikf;fg;gl;l kz;lgj;ij tpNrlkhff; Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;. ,k;kz;lgk; mofhd J}z;fisf; nfhz;lJ. ,q;F gpujp\;il nra;ag;gl;l rptypq;fk; kpfTk; goikahdJ. rpwpJ gpd;dg;gl;bUe;jgbahy;> mjidg; Gjpjhf mikf;fg;gl;l NfhapYf;Fg; gpuNahrdg;gLj;jg;gltpy;iy. ,jidNa jkJ nrytpy; mikf;fg;gl;l kz;lgj;jpy; gpujp\;il nra;tpj;jhh;fs;. mjNdhL mjw;Fr; rfy mbahh;fSk; ghyhtpapypUe;J jPh;j;jf; fhtbnaLj;J te;J jhNk mgpN\fk; nra;tjw;F Vw;ghL nra;J itj;jhh;fs;. jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;Jf;F ,J xU rpwg;ghd mk;rkhapUf;fpwJ. ,J fhrp tpRtehjUf;F fq;fh jPh;j;jj;ij kf;fs; mgpN\fk; nra;tij xj;Js;sJ. ,g;gb mgpN\fk; nra;Ak; nghOJ kf;fSf;F ïªJ xË

Vw;gLk; Mde;jk; vOj;jpy; nrhy;yp mlq;fhJ. NkYk; jPh;j;jf; fhtbapdhy;> Nfhapy; jpUg;gzpf;F Mapuf;fzf;fpy; gzk; Nrh;e;Js;sJ. ,k;Kiwia Vw;gLj;jpajw;fhf ehnkd;Wk; Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpa ehjDf;F ed;wpAs;sth;fshftpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mth;fs; fhyj;jpy; jpde;NjhWk; ghyhtpapypUe;J jPh;j;jk; nfhz;L te;J mgpN\fk; nra;j gpd;dNu G+ir nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,g;nghOJk; ,k;Kiw ifahsg; gLfpwnjd epidf;fpd;Nwd;. ,y;yhtpl;lhy; mth; ngauhy; xU fl;lis Vw;gLj;jp ,J xOq;fhf eilngWtjw;F Vw;ghL nra;aNtz;Lk;. Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; jpdrhp G+irahy; jpUKiwfSf;F rpwe;j ,lj;ij Vw;gLj;jpaJ ,d;D nkhU rpwe;j mk;rkhFk;. Fd;wf;Fb mbfshh; jpUf; NfjPr;ruk; nrd;wpUe;jnghOJ jkpopYk; topghL eilngw Ntz;Lnkd tw;GWj;jpdhh;. jkpopYk; topghL eilngw Ntz;Lnkd;gij Vw;Wf;nfhz;l Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; mth;fs; toikahd G+irNahL jkpo; kiwNahJjiyAk; Nrh;f;fj; jPh;khdpj;jhh;. tof;fkhf Nfhtpy;fspy; G+irfnsy;yhk; Kbe;j gpd;Ng jpUKiwfis XJthh;fs;. Mdhy; ,th; xt;nthU gpujhd rd;dpjhdj;jpYk; gQ;rhyhj;jp fhl;lKd;> G+irapd; mk;rkhf jpUKiwfis XJtjw;F xOq;F nra;Js;shh;fs;. ehdwpe;j tiuapy; <oehl;by; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy;jhd; ,k;Kiw ifahsg;gl;L tUfpwJ. kW Nfhtpy;fSk; ,k;Kiwiag; gpd;gw;WtJ tpUk;gj;jf;fJ. Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; fhyj;jpNyNa khe;ijr; re;jpapypUe;J jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;Jf;Fj; jhh; tPjpAk;> kpd;rhu trjpAk;> ghyhtpf;Ff; fl;LNtiyAk;> kzpAk;> kzpf;NfhGuKk;> jghy; epiyak; KjypadTk; mikf;fg;gl;ld. jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; gpuhkzg; gps;isfisg; gapw;Wtjw;F xU FUFyj;ij mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wj;jpd; Mjutpy; epWtpaJ ,tuJ ,d;DnkhU rpwe;j gzpahFk;. gpuhkzg; gps;isfis Myar; #oypy; gioa FUFy Kiwg;gb gapw;Wtpg; gjw;F xOq;F nra;jhh;fs;. Ntjhkfq;fspYk;> irtrpj;jhe;j rh];jpuq;fspYk;> jpUKiwfspYk;> ,jpfhr Guhzq; fspYk; gapw;rp ngWtjw;F xOq;F nra;jhh;fs;. ,jid elhj;Jtjw;F mr;RNtyp FkhuRthkpf; FUf;fspdJk; nfhf;Ftpy; FkhuRthkpg; GythpdJk; cjtpiag; ngw;whh;fs;. ,f;FUFyj;ij epWTtjw;F jpUkjp. rpthde;jk; jk;igahTk;> mnkhpf;f fy;tp epWtdj;jhUk; nghUSjtp nra;jdh;. Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; jiyikapy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; Kd;Ndwp tUtijf; fz;l 12

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

gpwkjj;jth; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj;Jf;nfd tplg;gl;l fhzpapy; mj;JkPwpf; FbNawpdh;. ,k;kjj;ijr; Nrh;;e;j Nkyplj;jhUf;F ,th; Kiwapl;lNghJk; mth;fs; thshtpUe;jdh;. ,jdhy; mth; ,t;tp\ aj;ij ePjpkd;wk; tiuf;Fk; vLj;Jr;nry;y Neh;e;jJ. ,f;fhyj;jpy; mth;gl;l f\;lk; msg;gpy. mth; ,g;gb chpa fhyj;jpy; Kaw;rp vLj;jgbahNyNa jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; Gdpjj;jd;ik fhf;fg;gl;lJ. Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjDf;F jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jp ypUe;j <Lghl;il tpsf;Fk; xU rk;gtj;ij ,q;F Fwpg;gpl tpUk;GfpNwd;. ,ij vdf;F mth;fNs aho;g; ghzj;Jf;F mth;fs; nra;j filrpg; gpuahzj;jpd; NghJ $wpdhh;. ll;yp Nrdehaf;fh mg;nghOJ gpujkuhf tpUe;jhh;. xUehs; ll;yp mtiur; re;jpj;jnghOJ gpd;tUkhW $wpdhh;. 'Nrh;.fe;ijah ePq;fs; Vd; vd;id ,g;nghOJ mjpfk; re;jpg;gjpy;iy. ghhp];> yz;ld; Kjypa ,lq;fisj; jtpu Vida ,lq;fspy; ];jhdpfh; gjtpfs; fhypahf tpUf;fpd;wd. ,tw;wpy;

xd;iw ePq;fs; Vw;Wf;nfhz;lhy; ngUk; cjtpahf tpUf;Fk;." mjw;F mth; $wpa tpil gpd;tUkhW:'cq;fs; FLk;gj;Jf;F (Nrdehaf;fh FLk;gj;Jf;F) kfpaq;fiz vg;gbNah mg;gbNa jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; vdf;F. vd; tho;f;if mjd; tsh;r;rpf;nfd mh;g;gzpj;Js;Nsd;. Mdgbahy; ntspehl;Lf;Fg; Nghf trjpg;glhJ. cs;ehl;by; VNjh cjtp nra;a KbAkhdhy; mjidr; nra;Ntd;." Nkw;$wpatw;why; Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpw;F Mw;wpa gzpfisAk; mth;fSf;F mt;thyaj;jpypUe;j <Lghl;ilAk; ftdpj;Njhk;. mth; Muk;gpj;J itj;j jpUg;gzpfs; epiwNtwp tUk; ,f;fhyj;jpy; mth;fs; Qhgfj;ijg; Nghw;wpg; ghJfhg;gJ irtkf;fs; fldhFk;. (,yq;if ,e;J - jpUf;NfjP];tu kz;lyhgpN\f kyh; - (1976) - khkd;w ntspaPL)

jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; ngUik Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; 1960 Mk; Mz;L bnrk;gh; khjj;jpy; %d;Wehs; ngUtpohthf jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; eilngw;w nrd;id irtrpj;jhe;j kfh rkh[j;jpd; 55 Mk; Mz;L tpohitnahl;ba irt khehl;bd;NghJ Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; Mw;wpa tuNtw;GiuapypUe;J rpy gFjpfs; ,it.

z;Lnjhl;Lj; jkpo; ehl;bw;Fk; <oj;jpw;Fk; neUq;fpa njhlh;G ,Ue;JtUtij ehk; vy;NyhUk; ed;F mwpNthk;. irtj;jpw;Fk; jkpOf;Fk; njhz;lhw;w mwpQh;fis ,d;Wtiu ,U ehLfSk; 'nfhz;Lk; nfhLj;Jk;" te;Js;sij tuyhW $Wk;. NkYk;> Njthuk; ghba ehad;khh;fSs; ,Uth; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; ngUikiag; ghbg; guhtpAs;sdh;. mth;fSs; xUth; Vohk; E}w;whz;by; tho;e;j jpUQhdrk;ge;j%h;j;jpehadhh;. kw;wth; xd;gjhk; E} w;whz;bNy irtk; tsh;j;j Re;ju%h;j;jp Rthkpfs; Mth;. ,d;Dk; =uhkh;> ,uhtzid ntd;W ,yq;ifapypUe;J mNahj;jpf;Fr; nry;Yk;NghJ topapy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;Jg; ngUkhid topgl;Lr; nrd;whh; vd;W jf;\pz fapyha Guhzk; $Wfpd;wJ. NkYk;> gQ;rghz;lth;fSs; xUtdhd mUr;Rdd; jPh;j;jahj;jpiuapd; nghUl;L ,yq;fhGhpf;F te;jhd; vd;Wk;> mt;thW te;j mtd; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jhid topgl;Lr;nrd;whd; vd;Wk; nrhy;yg;gLfpd;wJ. tprad; ,yq;iff;F te;jNghJ mtNdhL $lte;j me;jzd; xUtd; rpthyak; xd;wpw; g+ir topghL nra;jhd; vd;W kfhtk;rk; vLj;Jiug;gJk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;Jr; rpthyak; vd;gij ahtUk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;th;. Mwhk; E}w;whz;bw; ghz;ba kd;dh;fs; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; Myaj; jpUg;gzpfs; gy Ghpe;jdh;. ,d;Dk;> Nrhohpd; Ml;rpf;fhyj;jpy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; rpwg;G cr;repiyia mile;jJ. ïªJ xË

jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; ngUikia ehad;khh;fs; ghbg; Nghe;jdh;. jpUehTf;furh; 'g+jpazp nghd;dpwj;jh; g+ZE}yh; nghq;futh; rq;fuh;ntz; FioNahh; fhjh;> NfjPr;ruk; Nktpdhh;" vd;W jpUj;jhz;lfj;jpw; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;. khzpf;fthrfg;ngUkhd; 'Fapw; gj;jpYk;" 'jpUthh;j;ijapYk;" ,yq;ifapy; kz;Nlhjhpf;F ,iwtd; mUs; nra;j jyk; 'jpUf;NfjPr;ruNk" vd;W Fwpg;gplg; gl;Ls;sjhf vy;NyhuhYk; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ. NfJ topgl;likahy; 'NfjPr;ruk;" vd;w ngaiug; ngw;w ,j; jyj;ij topgLNthh; tpidfSk; Neha;fSe; jPug;ngw;W ,d;GWth;. 'Nfb yhjNf jPr;rue; njhOnjof; nfLkplh; tpidjhNd" vd;Wk;> 'mz;zy; ez;ZNf jPr;ruk; milthh;f;F mUtpid ailahNt" vd;Wk;>'Kbfs;

rha;j;jb Ngzty; yhh;jk;Nky; nkha;j;njOk; tpidNghNk" vd;Wk; gytifahfj; jpUQhdrk;ge;j %h;j;jp Rthkpfs; jpUtha; kyh;e;Js;shh;fs;. Re;ju%h;j;jp Rthkpfs; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jhd;> 'mq;fj;JW Neha;fs; mbahh;Nky; xopj;jUs;thd;" vd;Wk;>'nta;a tpidaha tbahh;Nky; xopj;jUs;thd;" vd;Wk;> 'Cdj;JW Neha;fs; mbahh;Nky; xopj;jUs;thd" vd;Wk;> 'Fiwahj; jkpo;" rhw;wpAs;shh; vdNt> gaKk; gPjpAk; epiwe;j ,f;fhyj;jpy; tpidiaAk; NehiaAk; jPh;f;Fe; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jhd; Nfhapy; nfhz;Ls;s ,g; gok; gFjpapy; ,t;tpoh eilngWtJ kpfkpfg; nghUj;jKilajd;Nwh! 13

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

âU¡nfÔ¢ru¥bgUkh‹ âUto Ô©l¥bg‰nwh® eh. K¤ijah

âU¡ifyha¤âÈUªJ thí gfthdhš g¿¤bj¿a¥g£l _‹W áfu§fSŸ âU¡nfÔ¢ruK« x‹whF«. v«bgUkh‹ âU¡ifyha¤âš ïUªJ mUŸ brŒtJ nghynt ï§F« mUŸ brŒ»‹wh® v‹gJ òuhz tuyhW. mjdhnyna ïj‰F¤ bj£áz ifyha« v‹W bga® tH§F»‹wJ. nfJ gfth‹ tÊg£lik nfJ v‹gt‹ mRu®fËš Äf tÈî gil¤jt‹, beoa toÉd‹. j‹ jt tÈikahš rha¡»ufgj« bg‰wt‹. mRu¡ T£l¤njhL nr®ªâUªj j‹ikÆdhš mf§fhu« K‰W« mwhâUªjh‹. j‹ãiH cz®ªJ bj‹ fÆyha« e©Â ïiwtid¢ átÈ§f toÉš ïiwŠádh‹. c‰wh® cwÉdnuhL ToÆUªJ mãnõf« KjÈa MuhjidfŸ brŒjh‹. jdJ cŸs¤âny nfÔ¢ru¥ bgUkhÅ‹ âUtofis ïilÉlhJ âahÅ¤j bgU« ng‰¿dhny v«bgUkh‹ bfsÇ m«iknahL« ïlgh%luhŒ¡ fh£á bfhL¤jUËdh®. m‹W bjhl¡f« ïiwt® nfÔ¢ruehj® v‹W« jy« nfÔ¢ru« v‹W« miH¡f¥gLtjhÆ‰W. nfJ Phdfhuf‹, jt¤â‹ k»ikahš »ufgj« bg‰wh‹. mjdhš “gfth‹” v‹W miH¡f¥g£lh‹. nfJ gfth‹ v‹W miH¤jš kughÆ‰W.

kfhJt£lh tÊg£lik Nug‹kDila kidÉahd gJk nfhkisÆ‹ gh£ldhÇ‹ bga® kfhJt£lh v‹gJ. ït‹ Ãid¤j clnd Ãid¤jt‰iw¥ gil¡Fª âwik ó©l bjŒt¢ á‰ã. óîy»YŸs át¤jy§fSŸ nfÔ¢ru¤jy« Äf¢áwªjJ v‹W nfŸÉí‰W m§F tªJ mãnõf MuhjidfŸ âdK« brŒJ jt« ïUªjh‹. nfÔ¢ru¥ bgUkhÅ‹ âUtofŸ ïilÉlhj âahd¤âdhny gâa¥bg‰wikÆdhš v«bgUkhDila âU¡fh£á »il¤jJ. cd¡F v‹d nt©L« v‹W v«bgUkh‹ nf£lh®. njtßÇl¤âš Fiwahj bkŒa‹ò ó©blhGF« moah®fËš xUtdhf v‹id it¤J¡ bfhŸsnt©L« v‹W FiwÆuªjh‹. ïiwtU« m¥gona Mtbjd¡ T¿ È§f¤âny kiwªjUËdh®. nfÔ¢ruehj® mUŸbg‰w kfhJt£lh bgUkhdhU¡F ešy KiwÆš nfhÆš x‹W mik¤jh‹. nfhÆiy k¤âahf it¤J efu« x‹W« mik¤jh‹. kfhJt£lh mik¤j efu« MifÆdhny khJt£lhòu« v‹W miH¡f¥g£L¡ fhyfâÆny khnjh£l« MÆ‰W.

ïuhkãuh‹ tÊg£lik âdK« átói# brŒJ tªj ïuhtnzÞtuid ïuhkãuh‹ bfh‹wgoÆdhny mtiu ãukf¤ânjhõ« bjhl®ªjJ. mij Ú¡Ftj‰fhf K‹ndRtu« br‹W bgh‹dhš È§f« mik¤J¢ átóir òÇayhdh®. âU¡nfhnzÞtu« br‹W ïu¤âdÈ§f« mik¤J¥ óir òÇªjh®. âU¡nfÔ¢ru« br‹W ghyhÉÆš Ô®¤j« Mo btŸËÆdhš È§f« mik¤J¥ óir òÇayhdh®. ïuhkãuh‹ gŠrh£ru¤ij MÆu¤bj£L Kiw b#g« brŒJ âahd¤âš mk®ªjh®. v«bgUkhDila âUtofis ïilÉlhJ âahÅ¡f¥bg‰wikÆdhš nfÔ¢ru¥bgUkh‹ bfsÇ m«ikahnuhL« fh£á bfhL¤J ãukf¤âia¥ ngh¡» mUËdh®.

eha‹kh® tÊg£lik

“všiyÆš òfœ vªij nfÔ¢ru« ïuh¥gfš, Ãidªnj¤â mšyš MrW¤J mudo ïizbjhG« m‹guh« moahnu”

v‹W Rªju® Jâ¤J tz§» moah®fS¡bfšyh« moadhF« ngW bg‰wh®.

“br‹Åkâ òidkhl khnjh£l¤âš âU¡nfÔ¢ru¤J m©zš brŒaghj« c‹ÅÄf¥ gÂªnj¤â m‹gnuhL« cythj »Êbg‰wh® ctif c‰wh®”

v‹W Phdr«gªj¥ bgUkh‹ bjhGnj¤â nfÔ¢ru¥ bgUkhÅ‹ âUto âahd¤âš ca®ªJ Ã‹wh®.

“kiwah® òfœ Cu‹ mo¤ bjh©lDiu brŒj Fiwah¤ jÄœ g¤JŠ brhy¡ Tlh bfhLÉidna”

ïªJ xË

Phdr«gªjbud nr¡»Hh® bgUkhD« âUto¤ âahd« brŒ»‹wh®. 14

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

mf¤âa KÅt® tÊg£lik átbgUkhDila âUkz¤j‹W átbgUkhD ila f£lis¥go bj‰F neh¡» tªj mf¤âa KÅt® áyfhy« bghâakiyÆny ïUªjh®. át¤jy ah¤âiu brŒa ÉU«ã kidÉah»a cnyhgh K¤âiunahL« ah¤âiuia nk‰bfh©L nfÔ¢ru« tªjilªjh®. ghyhÉÆny Ô®¤jkho âU¡nfhÆÈDŸns br‹W Kiw¥go mãnõf MuhjidfŸ brŒJ nfÔ¢ru¥ bgUkhÅ‹ âUto fis¤ âahÅ¤jtuhf ïUªjh®. v«bgUkhÅ‹ âU¡fh£á »il¤j clnd ã‹tUkhW njh¤âuŠ brŒjh®.

ehty® tÊg£lik “k‹dhU¡F¢ rÛg¤âYŸs khnjh£l¤âš âU¡nfÔ¢ru« v‹D« nj‹ bghªJ x‹WŸsJ. m§F kUªbjh‹W kiwªâU¡»‹wJ.” v‹gJ ehty® bgUkhDila âUthrf«. ïiwtDila mjhtJ nfÔ¢ruehjDila âUto¤ jhkiuÆny K¤â¥ ngwh»a nj‹ ïU¡»wJ vd¤ jh« mDgÉ¤j ï‹g¥ng‰iw k‰iwnahU« mDgÉ¡FkhW miH¡»‹wh® ehty® bgUkh‹. ehty® bgUkhDila ö©LjÈš ts®ªjitna ï‹iwa âU¡nfhòu§fŸ MF«. nfhÆš mÊî‰W 300 M©LfS¡F nkyhf¤ âUKiwÆny thœªJ bfh©oUªj âU¡nfÔ¢ru¥ bgUkh‹ moah®fSila âUto¤ âahd¤âdhny jhnk btËtªJ j«ik btË¥gL¤â¡ bfh©lh®.

“ntj ehafnd ngh‰¿ ntŸÉÆš Kjny ngh‰¿! ntjkhd k¿ahŒ ngh‰¿! Éehaf rdf ngh‰¿! fhâš bt© FiHahŒ ngh‰¿! f§ifaŠ rilahŒ ngh‰¿! khbjhU ghf« it¤j khnjh£l¡ fÅna ngh‰¿!”

“m¥ghY« morh®ªjh® moah®¡F« mona‹” vd¢ Rªju_®¤â RthÄfŸ âU¤bjh©l¤ bjhifÆny mUËa t©z« 13. 12. 1893 ïš gRgâ¢ br£oah® mt®fŸ, K‹ò âU¡nfhÆš ïUªJ mÊî‰W¡ fhlhŒ¡ »lªJ Ãy¤ij th§»aj‹ ã‹ clyhY« bghUshY« cŸs¤jhY« cjÉ brŒJ ï‹iwa Ãiy¡F¤ âU¡nfhÆš tUtj‰F MÆu¡fz¡fhd moah®fŸ nfÔ¢ru¥bgUkhDila âUtofis¤ âahd« brŒJ âU¤bjh©LfŸ òÇªJŸsh®fŸ. ï‹W tiu eilbg‰w nfhÆš âU¥gÂia Él ï‹D« TLjyhfnt âU¥gÂ eilbgw ïU¡»wJ. mJ ÃiwntWtj‰F ehty®bgUkhDila âUth¡»a« x‹iw e«kd¤âš áªâ¥nghkhf. “ï›Éy§ifÆYŸs ÉóâjhÇfŸ všyhUŠ á¿J á¿J cgfÇ¡»D« v¤Jiz¥ bgUªbjhif¥

njh¤âu¤â‰F k»œªj bgUkh‹ ahJ nt©L« v‹W nf£lh®? mf¤âa®, “v«bgUkhnd Ã‹ âUto ky®fŸ mona‹ ïja¤JŸ v‹W« Ú§fhkš ïU¡f tu« mUŸf!” v‹W nf£lh®. m›t©znk MFf v‹W v«bgUkh‹ mUË È§f¤âny kiwªjUËdh®.

bghUŸ nr®ªJÉL«! ïij Ú§fŸ všäUŠ áªâ¤J ï¤âU¥gÂia Ãiwnt‰Wå®fshÆ‹, mU£flyh»a átbgUkh‹ c§fS¡F mD¡»ufŠbrŒt®.” ïy§if ïªJ - âU¡nfÔ¢ru k©lyhãnõf ky® (1976) khk‹w btËpL)

khnjh£l¤J¡ nfJehjÅ‹ bgUik : khnjh£l¤ âU¡nfÔ¢ru¤ â›a¤ âU¡nfhÆÈš vGªjUËa _yÞjhd átÈ§f¥ bgUkh‹ âU¡fÆiy¢ áfu¤âš Kis¤bjGªj - âU¡nfjhu È§f« ngh‹w - Ra«ò tothd _®¤â Mth®. mt®, bj‹fÆyha ehj®, <H¡fÆyha ehj®, âU¡nfÔ¢ru ehj®, kfhJt£lhòu ehj®, bfsÇehj® vd¥ gy âUehk§fis¥ bg‰W És§Fgt®. m‹¿í« MâÆš xUtif ehf Fy¤âd® nfJehjid¥ óá¤J tªjjhš mt®, ehfehj® v‹W« bkŒa‹gt®fË‹ ãwÉ¥ãÂÆid¥ ngh¡F« mÇa kUªjhf¡ bfsÇehj® khnjh£l¤âš å‰¿Uªjjhš mt® khnjh£l¤J kUªJ v‹W« ïuhnrªâu nrhH‹ fšbt£L x‹¿š nfJehj‹, ïuhruhnr¢ru¤J kfhnjt® v‹W« âU¥bga®fis¥ bg‰wWŸsh®. M§fh§nf KH§F« kzKuá‹ xÈia¥ nghy¡ flbyhÈ Ú§fhj khnjh£l¤J¤ âU¡nfÔ¢ru¤âš nfJehj‹, g¡Ft M‹kh¡fS¡F¤ âUtUŸ òÇí« bghU£L v¡fhy¤J« m§F Ã‹W« ãÇahkš å‰¿UªjUS»‹wh® v‹W«, ï¡nfJ ehjnu Ã¤âa fšahz kzthsuhf vGªjUË ïUªJ aht®¡F« k§fy thœî mUS»‹wh® v‹W« irt¤âUKiwfŸ KH§F»‹wd. "khnjh£l¡, nfHš bt©kU¥ò mÂªjÚ‹ kh®g®nf Ô¢ru« ãÇahnu" v‹gJ r«gªj® njthu«. "eid fÉœthŒ k¤jkj ahidíÇ ngh®¤j kzths‹" v‹gJ Rªju® njthu«. ï§F vGªjUËa m«ikah® âUehk« bfsÇa«ikah® v‹gjh«.

- É¤Jth‹ â. g£L¢rhÄ XJth® (e‹¿ : âU¡nfÔ¢ru« âU¡Fl¤ âUkŠrd ky® - 1976) ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

rptghjRe;judhUk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruKk; K. kapy;thfdk;

GdUj; j huz rig epWtg; n gw; w J. ,r; r igf; F oehl;bNy Njthuk; ghlg;ngw;w jyq;fs; ,uz;L. xd;W jpUf;Nfhzkiy. kw;iwaJ jpUf;NfjPrr ; uk;. kpfg; Kjy; jiytuhf jpU. R. rptghjRe;judhuth;fSk; Guhjdkhd ,j; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; gd;D}whz;LfSf;F fhhpajhprpahf jpU. R. rptRg;gpukzpak; mth;fSk; Kd; kzyhy; %lg; n gw; W mkpo; e ; J Nghapw; W . flikahw; w pdh; . jpU. rptghjRe; j udhh; mth; f s; mjidg; gw; w pr; rpe; j pg; g hhpy; i y. gj; n jhd; g jhk; kyhahtpYs;s jkJ gioa khzth;fs; %yk; mk;ghs; E}w;whz;bd; kj;jpapy; =y= MWKfehtyh; mth;fs; Myaj;jpw;Fg; ngUe;njhif epjp Nrh;j;J cjtpdh;. jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; i jg; gw; w p epidt+l; b mjidg; ,d;Dk; kyhahtpYs;s irt kf;fis jpUf;NfjPr;ruj; GdUj;jhuzQ; nra;a Ntz;Lnkd;gijj; jhk; vOjpa jy Kd; N dw; w j; j py; ftdnkLf; F k; tz; z Kk; aho;g;ghzr; rka epiy vd;Dk; gpuRuj;jpd; %yk; J}z;bdhh;. irt kf;fSf;F mwpTWj;jpdhh;. mtUila fUj;ij jpUf;NfhapYf;F <rhd jpirapy; jpUQhdrk;ge;jh; epiwNtw; w ehl; L f; N fhl; i lr; nrl; b khUk; gpwUk; klhyaj;ij epWTtjw;F topNfhypj; jhNk ngUe;njhif Kd;te;jdh;.murpdhplk; gioa NfhapypUe;j epyk; tpiyf;F thq;fg;ngw;W fhLfs; Jg;guT nra;ag;ngw;W epjp cjtpdhh;. NfhtpypUe;j ,lKk; gioa rptypq;fKk; NtWk; jpUf;Nfhapypy; xU eluhrh; tpf;fpufj;ijAk; rptfhkp %h; j ; j pfSk; fz; L gpbf; f g; n gw; w d. jw; f hypfkhd mk;ghs; tpf;fpufj;ijAk; jhgpf;f Ntz;Lnkd;gJ rpthyaKk; mk;ghshyaKk; epWtg;gl;L g+irfSk; mtUila ngUtpUg; g k; . ngUe; n jhifg; nghUs; Kiwahf elf;ff;$ba xOq;FfSk; nra;ag;gl;ld. nryT nra; J aho; g ; g hzj; j pYs; s xU rpwe; j gpd;Gk; xUKiw 1950Mk; Mz;lstpy; Nfhapy; Mrhhpahiu epakpj; J Nkw; g b tpf; f pufq; f isr; GdUj;jhuzk; nra;ag;ngw;W Fk;ghgpN\fk; nra;tpj;jhh;. gpd;G jd;Dila %g;Gw;w tNahjpg nra;ag;ngw;wJ. epiyapy; rpukj;ij Nehf;fhJ jkJ kUkfh; gz;bjh; rpwe;j Kiwapy; Ntjhfk Kiwg;gb k.Nt.jpUQhdrk;ge;jg;gps;isapDila cjtpAld; fUq; f w; w pUg; g zpAld; rptdhyak; > mk; g hshyak; jpUTUtq;fisAq; nfhz;L jpUf;NfjPr;ruQ; nrd;W kw;iwa ghpthu %h;j;jpfspd; Myaq;fs; NfhGuq;fs; Kjypad epWtg;glNtz;Lnkd;gJ irt kf;fSila mtw;iw Nfhapy; cs;tj P papy; tlGwj;jpy; xU kz;lgk; cs;sj;jpy; Njhd;wpaJ. mth;fSs; Kjd;ikahdth; Kiwg; g b gpujp\; i l nra; J epj; j pa g+irfSk; GNyhypa+h; jpU. R. rptghjRe;judhuhth;. ehtyh; tUle;NjhWk; eluhrg; ngUkhDf;Fr; nra;a Ntz;ba ngUkhDf; F g; gpd; irt rkaj; i jAk; jkpo; mgpN\fq;fSk; epfo xOq;Ffs; nra;jpUe;jhh;. nkhopiaAk; ghJfhg;gjw;F rptngUkhdhy; mDg;gg;gl;l mth; irt rka tpUj;jpf;Fk; jpUf;NfjPrr ; uj;jpw;Fk; nghpahhptnud;why; kpifahfhJ. ,th; irt kf;fisj; Ghpe;j njhz;Lfs; msg;g py. tho;ehs; KOtJk; Jhz;b ,f;Nfhapw;wpUg;gzpia g+h;j;jpahf;fp mjidr; irtj;Jf;Fk; jkpOf;Fk; rypahJ cioj;jth;. mtUila rpwg;ghf elj;j toptFj;jdh;. Md;kh gphpfpw md;Wk; jhk; Mq;fpyj;jpy; vOjpa ,k;Kaw;rpapy; mtUf;F cWJizahf ,Ue;jth; irt rka Ehy; xd;wpd; mr;Rg;gpujpg; gpiojpUj;jQ; rpwe;j irthgpkhdpAk; murpay; QhdpAkhfpa nfhOk;G nra; j dnud; w hy; mtUila irt rkahgpkhdk; rl; l j; j uzp jpU. R. Rg; g pukzpak; mth; f shth; . vj;jifa njd;gij ehk; cw;Wzuyhk;. ,th; f Sila ngUKaw; r papdhy; jpUf; N fjP r ; r ug; (khkd;w ntspaPlhd ,yq;if ,e;J-jpUf;NfjP];tuk; kz;lyhgpN\fk;(1976)rpwg;G kyhpypUe;J ngwg;gl;lJ.)

âUehî¡fur® njthu« óâaÂ bgh‹Åw¤j® óz üy® bgh§fut® r§fu® bt©FiHnah® fhj® nfÔ¢ru« nkÉdh® nfjhu ¤jh® bfoy tl mâif åu£l ¤jh® khJauª Ô®¤bj‹id cŒa¡ bfh©lh® kHgho nka kGths dh® ntâFo íŸsh® Ûa¢ Nuh® åÊ ÄHiyna nkÉ dhnu ! ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

ïsik¡fhy¤âš `il¡F«' k¤âa fhy¤âš `wrY«' khfhz mâgâfshÆUªJ ehtyU¡F cWJiz òÇªjt®fŸ. mt®fŸ fhy¤âš âU¡nfÔ¢ru v©z« fU¡bfh©oU¡FkhÆ‹, ehty® bgUkhnd Éâ¥go áthya« vL¤J¥ óir¡ »uk« KjÈad g‰¿¥ g¤jâíŠ brŒJ it¤âU¥gh®. wriy¤ jahÃâ v‹»‹wh® ehty®. wrY¡F¥ ã‹ tªjt® Jitd«. âU¡nfÔ¢ru Ãy¤ij Jitd« _y« ehty® bgw ÉU«gÉšiy. fhuz« Jitd¤â‹ c¤â nahf eilKiwÆš ehtyU¡F mUtU¥ò c©lhÆU¡f nt©Lbk‹W C»¡fyh«. bgÇnah®fŸ Úâ be¿¡F¥ òw«ghdt®fËl« vijí« bgw ÉU«òtâšiy. ïj‰F v¤jidnah cjhuz§fSs. Úâ¡F¥ òw«ghdt®fË‹ cjÉ, vL¤j fUk¤ij khRgL¤J« v‹gij¥ bgÇnah®fŸ e‹F m¿th®fŸ. ehtyÇ‹ mªâa fhy¤âš Jitd¤â‹ mÚâ Äf¥ ãufhrkhdJ. kiHÆ‹¿a gŠr fhy¤âY«, ngâ nehŒ¡ fhy¤âY«, ViHfS¡F¡ »il¡f nt©oa murh§f cjÉfis JitdK« ÑGŸst®fS« m¥gona c¿ŠáÉ£lh®fŸ. rka«! rka«! ïJ ešy rka« rka«! btF rd¤ Jnuhf«! v‹w J©L¥ ò¤jf§fŸ Jitd¤â‹ ÛJ ehty® bfhL¤j t¢áu FÈr§fŸ. "ahœ¥ghz¤J¡ f¢nrÇ mÚâ, bghŒ, nfhŸ KjÈa ò¤jf§fŸ go¥ã¡»w fäR (College). mj‰F jiyt® (Principal) Jitdª Jiu; cgh¤âaha®fŸ' ghtª njh‹¿a ehisÆ‰ nwh‹¿a ghjf‹ M»a KjÈah® KjÈa áy c¤ânahf¤j®fŸ; mitfŸ go¥ã¡»w jhYfh¥ gŸË¡ Tl§fŸ (Taluk Schools) áy jiyik¡fhu®fSila jhd§fŸ". ViHfS¡»u§» ï›thbwGâa ehty® bgUkhÅ‹ ijÇa« g‰¿ v‹d Ãid¡fyh«. nk‰ fh£oa _‹W f£LiufS« ehty® ãugªj¤âš cŸsit. ahtU« go¤J ehty® ah®, v¤jifÆd® v‹gij C‹¿ czu¡ flt®fŸ. ehty® Fona‰w eh£L kªâÇ gÇaªj«, Jitd« M»nahÇ‹ CHšfis vL¤J¡fh£o thâ¤jh®. Jitd« j«ÛJ V‰W« F‰w§fis¥ gÇfÇahj tÊ c¤ânahf ïH¥ò x‹nwh cl‰w©lK« bgW« Ãiy ne®ªjJ. Jitd« brŒtj¿ahJ âif¤jh®. ïªÃiyÆš ehty® bgUkhD¡F miH¥ò tªJÉ£lJ. ehty® kiwªjh® v‹w th®¤ij nf£l m¡fznk, Jitd¤â‰F ÉÊ¥òz®¢á c©lhdJ. f¢nrÇ¡F ÉLjiy mË¤J, f¢nrÇ c¤ânahf¤j® midtiuí« ehty® bgUkhÅ‹ ïWâ¢ rl§»š g§F g‰w¢ brŒjh®. mL¤j áy M©LfS¡FŸ âU¡nfÔ¢ru Ãy¤ij mªÃa kj¤j® if¥glhkš btF âwikahf¢ irt®fS¡nf M¡» it¤jh® Jitd«. ehty® bgUkh‹ Jitd¤ij¡ nfshkny fhÇa« Ãiwnt‰¿dh®. ehty® bgUkhÅ‹ jt r¡â ïUªjthW!! e‹¿: âU¡nfÔ¢ru« - âU¡Fl¤ âUkŠrd ky® - 1976)

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âU¡nfÔ¢ruK« ehty® bgUkhD« g©ojkÂ á. fzgâ¥ãŸis

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fhy¤J¡F K‹dnk âU¡ nfÔ¢ru¤jy« k© kiH bgŒJ kzš _o¥ ã‹ fhlhŒ É£lJ v‹W f®z gu«giu¡ fijíK©L. rka Fut®fsh»a eha‹kh® fhy¤âY« âU¡nfÔ¢ru« fhlhfnt ÆU¡fyh«; njthu¥ ghlšfË‰ fhz¥gL« âU¡nfÔÞtu« mt®fŸ mf¡ fh£áÆ‰ fh£áaË¤jjhfyh« vd¡ fUjyh«. `fUj Ã‹w nfÔ¢ru§ ifbjhH¡ fLÉid ailahnt' v‹w Phdr«gªj¥ãŸisah® th¡»š `fUj Ã‹w nfÔ¢ru« fU¤jf¤nj f©l kiwªj nfÔ¢ru« v‹dyh«. âU¡nfÔ¢ru« r«gªj¥ ãŸisahuhY« Rªju _®¤â ehadhuhY« ghl¥g£l bgUik thŒªjJ. âU¡nfÔ¢ru« v‹D« ehk« âUehî¡fur® âUehthš c¢rÇ¡f¥g£lJ. kªâu r¡â thŒªjJ. ï›th‰whš jd¡F¤ jhnd ïizahd jÅ¢ áw¥ò thŒªj òÅj¤ jy« âU¡nfÔ¢ru«. òÅj« Ä¡f ijÉf át¤jy§fŸ tÊgL« g¡Ft®fsU»a fhy¤âš kiwtJ«, g¡Ft® áyÇ‹ jt« Énrl¤âdhš xU ghfnkh KGtJnkh btË¥gLtJ« ïa‰if v‹W m¿ªnjh® Tw¡ nf£lJ©L. v¤jidnah ü‰wh©LfŸ fÊ¤J, g¤bjh‹gjhtJ ü‰wh©L k¤âÆš xnubahU MWKfehty® ïUja¤âš âU¡nfÔ¢ru v©z« fU¡bfh©lJ. “ahœ¥ghz¢ rka Ãiy” v‹w J©L¥ ò¤jf¤âš ïWâ¥ gªâ, “irt rkÆfns! njthu« bg‰w átÞjy§fSŸ ïu©L ï›Éy§ifÆš cŸsd. mitfSŸ x‹wh»a âUnfhzkiy¡F¢ r«gªj _®¤â ehadh® âU¥gâf bkh‹¿U¡»wJ; k‰bwh‹wh»a âU¡nfÔ¢ru¤J¡F âUPhdr«gªj _®¤â ehadh® âU¥gâfbkh‹WŠ Rªju_®¤â ehadh® âU¥gâf bkh‹W« ïU¡»‹wd. ï¤ âU¡nfÔ¢ru« tl khfhz¤â‹ f©QŸs k‹dhU¡F mâ rÛg¤âÈU¡»‹w khnjh£l¤âYŸsJ. ï¤ âU¡nfÔ¢ru« mÊªJ fhlhf¡ »l¡»‹wnj! òâJ òâjhf ï›Éy§ifÆš v¤jidnah nfhÉšfŸ f£l¥gL »‹wdnt! Ú§fŸ ïªj kfh Þjy¤ij¢ á¿J« Ãidahj bj‹idnah! ï›Éy§ifÆYŸs åóâjhÇfŸ všyhUŠ á¿J á¿J cgfÇ¡»D« v¤Jiz¥ bgUª bjhif¥ bghUŸ nr®ªJ ÉL«! ïij Ú§fŸ všäUŠ áªâ¤J ï¤âU¥gÂia Ãiwnt‰Wå®fshÆ‹ mU£ flyh»a átbgUkh‹ c§fS¡F mD¡»ufŠ brŒth®.”vd¡ T¿¢ irt®fis C¡f¥gL¤J»‹wh® ehty® bgUkh‹. âU¡nfÔ¢ru Ãy« murh§f¢ brh¤jhŒ tlkhfhz mâgâÆ‹ mâfhu¤âš ïUªjJ. ehtyÇ‹ ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

itfhrpj; jpq;fs; fhh;j;jpif el;rj;jpu ehs; Rthkpfspd; FUG+ir jpdkhFk;.

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ngw;W nfhOk;G khefhpy; rpwpJfhyk; njhopy; Ghpe;jhh;. ,f;fhyg;gFjpapy; fy;tpkhd;fs; elhj;jpa irtrpj;jhe;j tFg;Gf;Fk; nrd;W te;jhh;. Rthkpfs; Ik;gjhtJ tajpy; jdJ cj;jpNahfj;jpw;F Kw;Wg;Gs;sp itj;J nfhOk;gpy; ,Ue;J NeNu nfhOk;Gj;Jiwapy; Nahfh; Rthkpfs; Fbnfhz;bUe;j nfhl;biy te;jile;jhh;. FUehjuhd Nahfh; mtiu xU tPl;by; jq;fitj;jhh;. gpd;dh; ifjb Chpy; Mrphpah; tpRtypq;fk; tPl;by; mike;jpUe;j Fbirapy; 29.12.1950Mk; Mz;L khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfisj; jq;f itj;jhh;. khh;f;fz;L RthkpfSk; mt; Mr;rpukj;jpy; jq;fpapUe;J cah; Qhd rhjidapy; <Lgl;lhh;. rpy Ntisfspy; aho;g;ghzj;jpy; cs;s rptnjhz;ld; epiyaj;jpw;Fk; nrd;W tUthh;. Nahfh; Rthkpfs; Nrhy;ghpg; gpuGtpd; kfd; ,uhk;] Nghjj;ij (rhe;j Rthkpfs;) rpyfhyk; khh;f;fz;L RthkpfSld; jq;fitj;J ,uhk;] Nghjj;jpw;F mUSiu toq;FkhW $wpdhh;. Nrhy;ghpg; gpuGtpd; kfDk; khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfsplk; xU kfidg; Nghy md;G nrYj;jp vJtpj trjpfisAk; vjph;ghuhJ xU njhz;ldhfTk; NjhodhfTk; ,Ue;J rhjidapy; <Lgl;lhh;. mnkhpf;fj; Jwtp Rg;gpuKdpa Rthkp> N[h;kd; Rthkp> mT];jpNuypa gd;wpf;Fl;bf; Rthkpfs; cl;gl gy rkaj;ijr; Nrh;e;jth;fs; khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfsplk; mUshrp ngw;W te;jhh;fs;. rpy ngsj;j Jwtpfs; $l khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfis jhprpf;f mbf;fb tUthh;fs;. khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; jkJ me;jpk fhyj;ij czh;e;J jk;Kld; ,Ue;j Nrhy;ghpg; gpuGtpd; kfd; ,uhk;] Nghjj;jplk; ckJ cwtpdiug; ghh;f;f ,q;fpyhe;J nry;YkhW $wpdhh;. mjd;gb mtUk; ,q;fpyhe;J nrd;whh;. khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; jdJ ,Wjp ehl;fspy; Fspg;G KOf;F Kjypatw;iw iftpl;lNjhL czitAk; nghpjhf RUf;fpf; nfhz;lhh;. Rthkpfs; jsh;r;rp mile;J ,Ue;jNtisapy; itj;jpa fyhepjp NahF gRgjp mth;fs; ghh;itapl te;jNghJ jkf;F vt;tpj tUj;jKk; ,y;iy vdf;$wp ghh;itapl mDkjpf;ftpy;iy. khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; Rk;khapUe;J ,uj;jhrp tUlk; itfhrp khjk; gjpdhwhk; ehs; nrt;tha;f;fpoik (29.05.1984) ez;gfy; 12.00 kzpf;F fhh;j;jpif el;rj;jpuj;jpy; rptd; jpUtb Nrh;e;jhh;. khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; gpwe;j Cuhd gpuhd;gw;wpy; mtuJ cld; gpwe;j rNfhjhpapd; Ngudhy; khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; rig ];jhgpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. rigahy; khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; ghyh; ghlrhiy Muk;gpf;fg;gl;L mjpy; ,ytrkhf khzth;fs; fy;tp fw;fpwhh;fs;. rigahy; khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; ,e;J mwnewpg;ghlrhiyAk; rpwg;ghf elhj;jg;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. NkYk; r%fg; gzpfs; rkag;gzpfs; fyhrhug;gzpfs; Nghd;w gy gzpfs; rigahy; rpwg;ghf Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;LtUfpd;wd.

oehL nra;j jtg;gadhf mtjhpj;j rpj;jh; guk;giuapy; filapw; RthkpfSf;F mLj;jgbahf fUjg;gLgth; nry;yg;gh Rthkpfs;. ,tiu Njubr; Rthkpfs; vd;Wk; miog;gh;. nry;yg;gh Rthkpfspd; rPluhf Nahfh; Rthkpfs; tpsq;fpdhh;. ,tuJ Kjd;ikr; rPluhf khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; ,Ue;jhh;. khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; aho;g;ghzj;jpNy gpuhd;gw;W vDk; Chpy; tpsk;gp tUlk; ijj;jpq;fs; gjpNdohk; ehs; Qhapw;Wf;fpoik (29.01.1899) g+u el;rj;jpuj;jpy; mtjhpj;jhh;. ,tuJ je;ijahh;; rutzKj;J. jhahh; ngah; rpd;df;Fl;b mk;ikahh;. khh;f;fz;L RthkpfSf;F %d;W ngz; rNfhjhpfs; ,Ue;jdh;. Rthkpfs; Muk;gf; fy;tpia gpuhd;gw;W rpWth; ghlrhiyapYk; tlypailg;G irt tpj;jpahyaj;jpYk; fw;W> gpd;dh; Rd;dhfk; fe;jNuhil fy;Yhhpapy; cah;fy;tp fw;W Nfk;gpwpl;[; rPdpah; Njh;tpy; rpj;jpaile;jJld; mtuJ ghlrhiyg; gbg;G Kw;Wg;ngw;wJ. khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; jdJ Chpy; mike;Js;s KUf%h;j;jp Myaj;jpy; rptnjhz;Lfs; nra;J jpUKiwg; ghly;fisg; ghb gpuhh;j;jidfspy; <Lgl;lhh;. ,f;fhyg; gFjpapy; RthkpfSf;F jpaj;jyhit epy msitj; jpizf;fsj;jpy; vOJtpidQh; njhopy; fpilj;jJ. Rthkpfs; Neuj;jpw;F mYtyfj;jpw;Fr; nry;Yjy;> md;whl Ntiyfis md;wd;Nw nra;jy;> nrt;tNd nra;jy; Mfpa njhopy; rPh;j;Jtk; njhlf;fj;jpNyNa mthplk; njhpayhapw;W. rj;jpak;> rhe;jk;> ,d;Kfk;> gNuhgfhuk; vDk; gz;Gfshy; xU ey;ytuhf kw;iwNahuhy; kjpf;fg;gl;lhh;. Rthkp gzj;ij nghpjhf kjpf;fkhl;lhh;. cj;jpNahf cah;TfisAk; nghpjhf kjpahJ gpukr;rhpa tpujj;jpd; ngUik nghpJ vDk; jplrpj;jk; tha;e;jth;. tpLKiw ehl;fspy; jdJ nrhe;j Cuhd gpuhd;gw;Wf;F tUif je;J ngw;Nwhiug; Ngzpdhh;. rNfhjhpfspd; jpUkzr;rlq;fpid epiwNtw;wpdhh;. Nfhapy; jpUg;gzp> ghlrhiy thrpfrhiy mgptpUj;jp Ntiyfspy; <Lgl;lhh;. kWgf;fj;jpy; cj;jpNahfk; cl;gl rfytw;iwAk; ,iwtid miltjw;fhf cgNahfpf;Fk; cWjpiaAk; cilatuhdhh;. fhiyapYk; khiyapYk; jpahdk; nra;jy; Ntz;Lk; vd;w xOq;fpid jtwhJ Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. ,f;fhyg;gFjpapy; jhd; Nahfh; Rthkpfspd; njhlh;G khh;f;fz;L RthkpfSf;Ff; fpilj;jJ. nja;t rpj;jk; vt;tpj rptj;njhz;Lf;fhf mtiu Njhw;Wtpj;jNjh mj;njhz;bid epiwT nra;tjw;Fhpa gapw;rpfs; mtUf;Ff; fpilj;jd. FUehjuhd Nahfh; Rthkpfs; jdJ rPluhd khh;f;fz;L RthkpfSf;F Md;kPfg; gazk; njhlh;ghdtw;iw jhapDk; ,dpa ghpTld; nrhy;yhYk; nrayhYk; ,ilapilNa jpUKfq;fs; %ykhf czh;j;jpa gpd;dh; mtiu Rakhf ,aq;ftpl;lhh;. khh;f;fz;L Rthkpfs; jpaj;jyhitapy; ,Ue;J ,lkhw;wk; ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wj;jpd; A COMPENDIUM FOR HINDUS

vd;w E}ypd; ntspaPl;L tpoh fle;j Vg;uy; 5Mk; jpfjpad;W nfhOk;G gk;gyg;gpl;b ru];tjp kz;lgj;jpy; eilngw;wNghJ gpujk tpUe;jpduhff; fye;Jnfhz;l tlkhfhz Kjyikr;rh;

rj;jpatpj;jfh; khz;GkpF rp.tp. tpf;Nd];tud; Mw;wpa rpwg;Giu v

kJ ,e;J kjkhdJ xU kjNkapy;iy. mJ xU tho;f;if Kiw. kw;iwa kjq;fs; xOq;fikf;fg;gl;l xU tiuaiwf;Fs; epd;W nfhz;L kf;fisj; jk; trk; <u;f;fpd;wd. mtw;wpw;F xU njhlf;Feu; ,Ug;ghu;. mk; kjq;fis topelj;jpr; nry;y xU jdp E}y; ,Uf;Fk;. mtw;wpw;fhd mikg;nghd;wpUf;Fk;. ngsj;j kjj;jpd; njhlf;Feu; nfsjk Gj;ju;. fpwp];jt kjj;jpw;F njhlf;Feu; NaRfpwP];J ehju;. ,];yhj;jpd; njhlf;Feu; nkhfk;kJ egp mtu;fs; vdyhk;. mjhtJ mtu;fs; jhq;fshf xU mikg;igj; njhlq;fpdhu;fNsh ,y;iyNah mtu;fs; ngaupy;jhd; me;je;j kjq;fs; epiyj;J epw;fpd;wd. jpupgplfk; ngsj;ju;fspd; kj top E}y;. iggps; fpwP];jtu;fSilaJ. jpUf;Fu; Md; ,];yhkpa kjj;jpdUilaJ. mNjNghy; Nkw;fz;l %d;W kjq;fSf;Fk; mtw;wpw;nfd mikg;Gf;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,e;J kjj;jpdUf;F vd;W xU E}iy vy;yh ,e;J rkapfSk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;s khl;lhu;fs;. Ntjq;fs; ,Ue;jhYk; Fwpg;gpl;l Ntje;jhd; vk;Kila kjj;jpd; E}y; vd;W ,e;J rkapfs; mj;jid NgUk; milahsk; fhl;lkhl;lhu;fs;. jkJ kjj;ij ,d;dhu; jhd; njhlf;fpdhu;fs; vd;W vy;yh ,e;J kjj;jpdUk; xUtiur; Rl;bf; fhl;l khl;lhu;fs;. mtu;fSf;nfd;W kj uPjpahf ve;j xU mikg;Gk; nghJthf milahsg; gLj;jg;glTkpy;iy. MfNt kw;iwa kjq;fisg; NghyhdJ my;y vkJ ,e;J kjk;. mg;gbapUe;Jk; mij kjk; vd;Nw miof;fpd;Nwhk;. fhuzk; rpy mbg;gilfis ehk; nghJthf Vw;Wf; nfhz;Ls;Nshk; vd;W $wyhk;. nghJthf ,e;J rkapfs; ,iw ek;gpf;if nfhz;ltu;fs;. VNjh xU rf;jp ,e;j cyif Ml;bg; gilf;fpd;wJ vd;w mbg;gil ek;gpf;ifapy; Cwpatu;fs;. Mdhy; mg;gbapUe;Jk; eh];jpfu;fisAk; ,e;J rkak; jd;Ds; Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpd;wJ. xU cjhuzk; jUfpd;Nwd;. xUtu; xU jfty; Nrfupg;gtupd; gbtk; xd;Wf;Fg; gjpy; mspf;f Ntz;bapUe;jJ. mtu; eh];jpfu;. Mdhy; ,e;J jha; je;ijau;fSf;Fg; gpwe;jtu;. gbtj;jpy; Nfs;tp “ePu; ve;j kjj;ijr; Nru;e;jtu;?” vd;wpUe;jJ. ehd;F kjq;fs; Fwpg;gplg;gl;bUe;jd. Ie;jhtjhf NtW ve;j kjk; vd;W Nfl;bUe;jhu;fs;. mtNuh eh];jpfu;. vjidf; Fwpg;gpLthu;? mij epug;ghJ tpl;lhu;. jfty; Nrfupg;gtu; mtiug; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;lhu;. “vd;d Nru;! ïªJ xË

tpisahLfpd;wPu;fsh? cq;fs; kjj;ijf; $Wq;fs;” vd;whu;. “vdf;F kjk; ,y;iy. ehd; xU eh];jpfd;” vd;whu;. “Nru;! mg;gbahdhy; “,e;J my;yJ ngsj;ju;” vd;W vOJq;fs; vd;whu;. “mnjg;gb” vd;W Nfl;lhu; me;j kdpju;. “Vd; Nru;! ePq;fs; eh];jpfuhf ,Ue;J nfhz;L xU fpwp];jtuhfNth ,];yhkpauhfNth ,Uf;f KbahJ. cq;fis me;j kjq;fs; tpyf;fp tpLtd. Ntz;Lnkd;why; “ngsj;ju;” vd;W vOJq;fs;. ngsj;jKk; xU eh];jpf thje;jhNd” vd;whu;. “,y;iy ,y;iy. ngsj;jd; vd;why; vd; cwtpdu;fs; Gwf;fzpg;ghu;fs;. mj;Jld; ngsj;jNkh xU R+d;a thjk;. mij ehd; Vw;f khl;Nld;” vd;whu;. “Nru;! Neuk; Nghfpd;wJ. ePq;fs; jkpou; jhNd! Ngrhky; “,e;J” vd;Nw Nghl;L tpLq;fs;” vd;whu;. mt;thNw me;j eh];jpfu; jd;id “,e;J” vd;W milahsk; fhl;bdhu;. ,e;J kjk; mtiu Vw;Fkh vd;W Nfl;lhy; fl;lhak; Vw;Fk;. Vndd;why; flTis ,y;iy vd;W $WgtDk; mf; $w;iw jdJ fUj;jhfj;jhd; mtd; ntspapLfpd;whd;. ,iwtd; ,Uf;fpd;whd;> ,iwtd; ,Uf;ff; $Lk;> ,iwtd; ,y;iy vd;gtu;fs; ahtUNk ,iwtid ikakhf itj;Nj thjpLfpd;whu;fs;. me;j tpjj;jpy; ,iwtid ,y;iy vd;gtDk; ,iwtd; rk;ge;jkhd khw;Wf; fUj;Jf; nfhz;ltdhfj;jhd; ,e;J kjj;jpy; milahsk; fhzg;gLfpd;whd;. ,U tpjf; fUj;Jf;fisAk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;l xU kje;jhd; ,e;J kjk;. ,iwtd; cz;L vd;gtidAk; ,e;J kjk; Vw;fpd;wJ. ,iwtd; ,Uf;f KbahJ my;yJ ,y;iy vd;gtidAk; ,e;J kjk; Vw;fpd;wJ. nkhj;jj;jpy; ehd; Kd;du; $wpaJ Nghy; ,e;J kjk; xU kjNk ,y;iy. xU tho;f;if Kiw. vy;yhtpjkhd Kuz;ghLfisAk; jd;Ds; mlf;fp Kd; nry;Yk; xU tho;f;if Kiw. rq;fuhr;rhupahupd; FUNth my;yJ FUtpd; FUthfpa nfslghju; $wpajhf Qhgfk;. vy;yh tpjkhd Kuz;ghLfisAk; jd;Ds; mlf;fp Kd; nry;yf; $baJ jhd; ,iwik vd;gJ vd;W $wpdhu; mtu;. mnjg;gb vd;W ePq;fs; Nfl;fyhk;. mjw;F xU cjhuzk; juyhk;. ,uz;L rkhe;jpuf; NfhLfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. Two Parallel Lines. mit vd;nwd;WQ; Nrukhl;lhJ vd;gJ vy;NyhUf;Fk; njupAk;. Mdhy; N\j;u fzpjk; my;yJ Geometry vd;d $Wfpd;wJ? mit Nru;td vd;W! vq;F? Infinity y; NrUk;. kdpjdpd; kdjhy; vl;l Kbahj me;j vy;iyaw;w ngUntspapy; ,e;j ,uz;L rkhe;jpuf; NfhLfSQ; NrUtd vdg;gLfpd;wJ. MfNt ,e;J 19

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

kjj;jpDs; Eioe;jTld; ehq;fs; xUrpy Kf;fpa tplaq;fis kdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ vkJ rpe;jidapd; ghw;gl;lNj ,e;j cyfk;. ehk; ve;jf; Nfhzj;jpy; ,Ue;J rpe;jpf;fpd;NwhNkh me;jf; Nfhzj;jpy; fpilf;Fk; ghu;it ,d;ndhU Nfhzj;jpy; ,Ue;J rpe;jpj;jhy; mJ gpioahfj; Njhd;Wk;. me;je;jf; Nfhzj;jpy; ,Ue;J rpe;jpg;gtDf;F mtd; rpe;jidapd; mDgtNk cz;ik. Mdhy; me;jr; rpe;jidf;Fk; mg;ghy; xU cz;ikAz;L. mjw;F ehk; vkJ cyfhaf; fUtpfshd kdk;> thf;F> fhak; vd;gtw;iw tpl;L tpl;Lg; gazpf;f Ntz;Lk;. gQ;r Gyd;fisg; gLf;f itj;Jtpl;Lg; gazpf;f Ntz;Lk;. N\j;u fzpjk; Fwpg;gl;l vy;iyaw;w me;j Infinity iaj; njhlNtz;Lk;. mg;nghOJ vy;yhNk Gupe;J tpLfpd;wJ vd;fpd;wJ ,e;J rkak;. ,jpy; xU Kf;fpa fUj;ij ePq;fs; mtjhdpj;jpUg;gPu;fs;. mjhtJ xt;nthUtu; epiyapy; mtutu; fhZk; cyfNk mtutu;fSf;F cz;ik. ,iwtd; vd;gtd; cz;ikahdhy;> mtd; cz;ikNa cUthf vq;nfq;Fk; tpahgpj;Jj; jhd;Njhd;wpahf> Rak;G ,iwikahf tPw;wpUf;fpd;whd; my;yJ tPw;wpUf;fpd;whs; my;yJ tPw;wpUf;fpd;wJ. mtDf;Fg; ghypy;iy> ghFghby;iy> ge;jkpy;iy. Mdhy; mtdpd; gilg;gpDs; ,Uf;Fk; vq;fs; xt;nthUtUf;Fk; VNjh xU vz;zk;> xU ek;gpf;if> xU cz;ik vq;fis Ml;nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. mJ vkJ mwptpd; ghw;gl;lJ. mDgtj;jpd; ghw;gl;lJ. Nehf;fpd; ghw;gl;lJ. vkJ Nehf;fpw;Fk;> ek;gpf;iff;Fk;> mwpTf;Fk; mg;ghw;gl;lNj ,iwik. ,iwik jhdhf vq;Fk; cs;sJ. vd;idAk; cs;slf;fp cs;sJ. Mdhy; vd; ek;gpf;if> vd; Nehf;F. vd; mwpT vd;Dld; kl;LNk ,Uf;fpd;wJ my;yJ vd;idg; Nghy; rpe;jpg;gtu;fs; kdjpy;> Nehf;fpy;> ek;gpf;ifapy; kl;LNk ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ,e;j Nehf;fpw;F mg;ghYk; ,iwik ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;gijg; Gupa itf;f ,e;J kjk; gytpjkhd Af;jpfisg; gpuNahfpj;jJ. Nfhapy;fs;. g+i[ Kiwfs;> epUj;jq;fs;> eldKiwfs;> Kj;jpiufs;> fijfs;> fhg;gpaq;fs;> FwpaPLfs; vd;W gytpjq;fspy; cz;ikia me;je;j mwpT kl;lj;jpy; ,Ug;gtu;fSf;F vLj;Jf; $w ,e;J kjk; gpuaj;jdq;fspy; <Lgl;lJ. mjd; topahf te;j gyjug;gl;l rk;gpujhaq;fs;> rlq;Ffs;. FwpaPLfs;. milahsq;fs; Nghd;w gyijAe; jdJ rkaj;jpd; ghw;gl;ltu;fSf;F mJTk; gyjug;gl;l mwptpd; ghw;gl;ltu;fSf;F vLj;J tpsf;FtJ ,e;J rkaj;jpw;F Vw;gl;l xU ghupa rthy;. mjpNy ,uz;L fl;lq;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. kf;fspd; kNdhjuj;jpd; my;yJ mwpTj;juj;jpd;gb mtu;fspd; GupAe; juk; mwpe;J mjw;Nfw;whw; Nghy rpy rk;gpujhaq;fisAk;> rka mD\;lhdq;fisAk;> rkar; rlq;FfisAk;> rkar; rpd;dq;fisAk;> rkar; rpe;jidfisAk; tFj;J itj;jJ Kjw;gb. gy;yhapuk; tUlq;fspd; gpd;du; mtw;iw ,d;iwa mwptpd;gb> fy;tpapd;gb> mDgtj;jpd;gb ,d;iwa rkapfSf;F vLj;J ,ak;GtJ my;yJ tpsf;FtJ ,d;ndhU gb. mijj; jhd; ,d;W ntspaplg;gLk; E} y; cq;fSf;Fr; nra;ag; gpuaj;jdq;fs; vLj;Js;sJ. ïªJ xË

,e;J kjj;jpd; rkar; rpd;dq;fSf;F> rkaf; FwpaPLfSf;F> rkaf; fUj;Jf;fSf;F Mq;fpyj;jpy; njspTiu je;Js;shu;fs; mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wj;jpdu;. E}iy Mq;fhq;Nf Gul;bg; ghu;f;ifapy; Mjpapy; tho;e;j Md;Nwhupd; mUq;fUj;Jf;fs; rpytw;iwg; Gwf;fzpj;J tpl;ldNuh vk;ktu; vd;w xU fUj;J vd;dplk; cUthfpaJ. mjhtJ xNu tplak; ,Utpj mwpTilahu;fSf;F ,e;J kjj;jpd;gb ,Utpj Gupe;Jzu;Tfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLf;ff; $Lk;. mij kwe;J ,J jhd; rup vd;W xU Nghf;if kl;Lk; ehk; gupe;Jiuj;Js;Nshkh vd;w Nfs;tp vOe;jJ. vq;Nfh xU FiwghL xd;W cs;sNjh vd;W rpe;jpj;Njd;. xU cjhuzj;ij vLg;Nghk;. tpehafg;;ngUkhd; gw;wp Muha;Nthk;. ghkuu;fSf;F Vw;w tpjj;jpy; gyijAk; $Wfpd;wJ ,d;W ntspaplg;gLk; E}y;. ntspg;g+r;Rf;fSf;F mg;ghy;> ntspaplg;gLk; fUj;Jf; fSf;F mg;ghy; vkJ Kd;Ndhu; ghupa rpy guk ,ufrpaq;fis ghkuu;fSf;F mg;ghy; gukdpd; gf;ju;fSf;F ciuf;Fk; tifapy; $wptpl;Lr; nrd;whu;fNs> mtw;iw ehk; ,e; E}y;fspy; ciuf;fj; Njitapy;iyah? mjhtJ ,e;J kjk; xU FwpaPl;L kjk;. A Religion of Symbols. xNu FwpaPL gyUf;Fg; gy mu;j;jq;fisf; fw;gpf;ff; $baJ. mJ mtu; mtu; mwpTf;Fk;> mDgtj;jpw;Fk;> mthtpw;Fk; Vw;g ntspg;gLk;. tpehafu; gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpLk; NghJ tpehaf &gk; vjidr; R+l;Rkkhff; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wJ vd;gijAk; $wpitj;jpUf;fyhk;. mjhtJ rpwe;j xU kdpjd;> xU GU\ cj;jkd; vt;thW ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;F tpehaf &gk; xU vLj;Jf; fhl;L vd;fpd;whu; Rthkp rpd;kahde;ju;. Man of Perfection vd;W miof;fpd;whu; tpehafiu. mjhtJ xU rhuUf;F ,J jhd; ,iwtd;> ,td; jhd; flTs;; ,tid te;jid nra;jhy; Ntjidfs; ahTk; mfd;wpLk;. Nrhjidfs; ahTk; Nrhu;e;J Nghtd vd;W $Wk; mNj Neuj;jpy; tpehafg; ngUkhdpd; cUtj;ij Cd;wpf; ftdpj;J cd;id khw;wpf; nfhs;. mjhtJ mtd; xU FwpaPL. mtdpd; FwpaPL cdf;F vijNah ve;NeuKk; czu;j;jpf; nfhz;L ,Uf;fpd;wJ. mij cd;dpg;gha;f; ftdpj;J cd;id Kd;Ndw;wpf; nfhs; vd;Wk; $wp itf;fpd;whu;fs; Mj;k rPyu;fs;. tpehafDf;F vjw;fhf ahidj; jiyiaf; nfhhLj;jhu;fs;? mg;gDk; mk;kDk; ahidfs; &gk; nfhz;L ahid Kfid <d;nwLj;jhh;fs; vd;gJ Guhzk;. Guhzq;fspy; ,y;yhj ngha;Ak; Gul;Lkh vd;ghu;fs;. fhuzk; mjpy; $wpapUf;Fk; fijfs; rhjhuz Gupe;Jzu;Tf;F xt;thjJ. mijf; fijnad;W vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhy; ngha;Ak; Gul;Lk; epiwe;jNj Guhzk; vd;W Vw;f Ntz;bapUf;Fk;. Mdhy; me;jf; fijfSf;F mg;ghy; xU Md;kPf cl;fUj;J cs;sJ vd;gijg; Gupa itg;gJk; vkJ flikNa. me;jthW ghu;f;Fk; NghJ ahid Kfk; vij vLj;Jf; fhl;Lfpd;wJ? ahid Qhgf rf;jp kpFe;j xU kpUfk;. mjd; Jjpf;if ghupa ghiwiaAk; mfw;Wk;. ghu;itf;Fr; rpwpajhd xU CrpiaAk; gw;wp vLf;Fe; 20

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

jd;ik tha;e;jJ. vdNt tpehaf &gj;ijg; ghu;f;Fk; ehq;fs; mtidg; Nghy; ,Uf;fg; gof Ntz;Lk;. Qhgf rf;jpAld; thoNtz;Lk;. gyj;Jld; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. gTj;jpuj;JlDk; tho Ntz;Lk;. gz;ghf thoNtz;Lk;. nkd;ikAlDk; thog; gof Ntz;Lk;. vt;thW ghiwfs; mfw;We; Jjpf;if xU rpW ge;ijAk; gw;wpf; nfhs;fpd;wNjh mNj Nghy; tho;f;ifapd; rfy kl;lq;fspYk; me;je;j jUzj;jpw;F Vw;whw; Nghy; vkJ juj;ijf; fhl;bf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mRu gyk; ,Ug;gjhy; vy;yhtw;iwAk; kpjpj;Jj; Jtrk; nra;tjy;y xU ahidapd; Fzk;. me;je;j epiyf;Fs; jd;id khw;wpg;> gyj;JlDk; mNj rkak; gz;GlDk; tho;tNj ahidapd; tho;Kiw. mij ehq;fs; mtdpd; &gj;jpy; ,Ue;J Gupe;J vk;ik mt;thNw elf;fg; gof;fg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;W tpehaf &gk; vkf;F mwpTiu toq;Ffpd;wJ. xU GU\ cj;jkd; vt;thW ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gij tpehaf &gk; vd;w FwpaPL thapyhf ,e;J kjk; czu;j;Jfpd;wJ vd;fpd;whu; g+[;a = Rthkp rpd;kahde;jh mtu;fs;. ehd;F iffs; vjidf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wd> tpehafdpd; xt;Nthu; ifapy; ,Uf;Fk; nghUl;fSk; vjidf; Fwpf;fpd;wd> mtupd; njhe;jp tapW vjidf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wJ vd;gJ gw;wpnay;yhk; tpsf;fkhfj; jUfpd;whu; Rthkp[p mtu;fs;. mit midj;ijAk; ,q;F Fwpg;gpl Neukpy;iy. mj;Jld; ve;j xU Jiz E}iyf; $l thrpj;J tsk; ngw;W ,e;jg; Ngr;ir vOJk; tha;g;G vdf;Ff; fpl;ltpy;iy. vg;nghONjh njupe;J itj;j tplaq;fis itj;Jj; jhd; NgRfpd;Nwd;. ,q;F nfhOk;G tUtjw;F Kd;ida epkplk; kl;Lk; vd; murpay; Ntiyf;Fs; mkpo;e;jpUe;Njd;. ,q;F te;j gpd;dUk; mNj epiy jhd;. ,d;iwa E}iy thrpf;ff; $l Neukpy;iy. vdpDk; Mq;fhq;Nf fz;l rpy tplaq;fs; gw;wp kdjpy; vOe;j fUj;Jf;fis ntspapLfpd;Nwd;. gy jiyaq;fq;fspd; fPo; juTfs; jug;gl;Ls;sd. ,e;j E}ypy; g+[pf;Fk; Kiw> tho;T Kiw> nray; Kiw> tpuj Kiw> gpjpu; fld; Kiw> jtpu;f;f Ntz;bait> rpj;jhe;jf; fUj;Jf;fspd; jd;ik vd;w jiyaq;fq;fspd; fPo; fl;Liufis cs;slf;fp rpy rkar; rhu;ghd ghly;fisf; filrp mj;jpahaj;jpy; Nru;j;jpUf;fpd;wPu;fs;. ,e; E}y; jkpopy; te;j “,e;J kf;fSf;F xU ifNaL” vd;w E}ypd; Mq;fpythf;fk; my;y. Ntw;Wr; R+oypy; tho;fpd;w irtrkapfSf;nfd;W jahupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. gyijAk; tpsf;fg;gLj;Jtjha; mike;Js;sJ. gpwehl;L ,e;J rkapfSk; Mq;fpyj;jpy; $ba ehl;lk; nfhz;l vkJ rkapfSk;> ,e;J kjk; gw;wp mwpa Mty; nfhz;l gpw rkaj;jtUk; xUthW ,e;J rkak; gw;wp mwpe;J nfhs;s ,lkspg;gjha; E}y; mike;Js;sJ. Mdhy; ,e;J rkak; gytpjkhd mwpT rhu;e;j kf;fSf;Fk; rka Qhdk; Nghjpf;f Vw;w tpjj;jpy; tsu;e;J te;Js;sJ vd;gij Kjypy; xU mwpKf ciuapy; Fwpg;gpl;bUe;jhy; ed;whf ,Ue;jpUf;Fk;. ,jw;Fk; xU cjhuzk;; jUfpd;Nwd;. fz;zg;g ehadhu; fij. rpthr;rhupahu; ,e;J ju;kj;jpd;gb tho;e;j xU irtg; ngupahu;. vt;ntntw;iw ,e;J kjk; g+i[ vd;W vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wNjh mtw;iw Kiwahfr; nra;J te;jtu;. jpupfuz Rj;jpAld; jpdKk; ,iwtd; ïªJ xË

g+irapy; <Lgl;L te;jtu;. mtu; Kiwahfg; g+i[ nra;J tpl;Lg; Nghf fz;zg;gu; te;J mtu; itj;j kyu;fis vy;yhk; mg;Gwg;gLj;jp tpl;Lj; jhd; nfhz;L te;j khkprj;ij kNf];tuDf;F ieNtj;jpak; nra;J tpl;Lr; nry;thu;. kfhrptuhj;jpup md;W ,t;thW kNf];tuDf;F kfhghgk; ,aw;Wk; khw;Wr; Rghtk; cs;stiuf; ifAk; nka;Akha;g; gpbf;ff; futhf epd;W ghu;j;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhu; rpthr;rhupahu;. khkprj;Jld; te;jhu; fz;zg;gu; vd;w me;j Ntlu;. ,iwr;rpiaj; NjDld; fye;J itj;jhu; rptypq;fj;jpd; Kd;. mijj; jPz;ltpy;iy rptd;. “XNfh! ,iwr;rp nkd;ikahf ,y;iyah” vd;W Nfl;L tpl;L “,Njh ehNd fbj;Jr; Ritj;J cdf;Fj; jUfpd;Nwd” vd;W $wp fbj;Jr; Ritj;Jg; ghu;j;J nkd;ikg; gLj;jg;gl;l> gjg;gLj;jg;gl;l ,iwr;rpiag; gukdpd; Kd;dpiyapy; itj;J cl;nfhs;SkhW ckhkNfrdplk; Nfl;fpd;whu;. mg;nghOJ rptypq;fj;jpd; xU fz;zpy; ,uj;jk; tbfpd;wJ. xU fz;zpd; kzpiaf; fhztpy;iy. jpLf;fpl;lhu; fz;zg;gu;. clNd jd; fj;jpia vLj;Jj; jd; xU fz;izj; Njhz;b kzpaw;w kNf];tud; fz;Zf;F khw;whff; nfhLf;fpd;whu;. tpl;lhdh gukd;? mLj;j fz;zpYk; ,uj;jk; nfhl;Lfpd;wJ. mjpYk; kzpiaf; fhztpy;iy. clNd jd; fhypd; ngUtpuiy mk;kzpapy;yhj me;jf; fz;zpUe;j ,lj;jpy; itf;fpd;whu;. jdJ mLj;j fz;izAe; Njhz;b vLj;J jdJ fhy; milahsk; fhl;ba ,e;j ,lj;jpy; itj;Jg; nghUj;Jfpd;whu;. rpthr;rhupahu; ,tw;iwnay;yhk; ghu;f;fpd;whu;. Kiwahd irtg; gpok;Gk; gpwohd irt gf;jDk; xd;W Nru;fpd;whu;fs;. ,UtUf;FNk fhl;rp nfhLf;fpd;whd; ,iwtd;. ghu;itaw;w fz;zg;gu; ghu;it ngWfpd;whu;. gf;jpf;F Kd;dhy; jdJ g+i[fSk; Gd];fhuq;fSk; vk;khj;jpuk; vd;w gbg;gpidiag; gbf;fpd;whu; rpthr;rhupahu;. Mf nkhj;jk; Kiwahd rptgf;jUk; gpwohd rptgf;jUk; ,iwtdpd; mUl; fUiziag; ngWfpd;whu;fs;. vdNt mwpKf ciuapy; gyjug;gl;l khw;Wf; fUj;Jf; fSf;Fk; ,lkspj;J te;Js;s khkjNk vkJ ,e;J kjk; vd;w $w;wpid cs;slf;fpapUf;fyhk; vd;gJ vdJ jho;ikahd fUj;J. rpy rkaq;fspy; vk; kjk; ,g;gbj;jhdpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w vz;zk; vk;Kl; rpyUf;F Mzpj;jukhf mike;J tplyhk;. mg;nghOnjy;yhk; ,iwtd; rpthr;rhupahUf;Fr; nrhy;ypf; nfhLj;j ghlj;ij ehk; kdjpy; ,Uj;j Ntz;Lk;. “md;gpw;Fk; cz;Nlh milf;Fe; jho;” vd;w Mokhd fUj;J vk;Ks; mba+z;l Ntz;Lk;. “md;Ng rptk;” vd;gjpd; mu;j;jk; vk;Ks; Mog;gjpa Ntz;Lk;. kjk; vd;gJ vk;ik ,izg;gjhf ,Uf;f Ntz;LNk xopa rpijg;gjhf ,Uf;ff; $lhJ. gpizg;gjhf ,Uf;f Ntz;LNk xopa gpupf;ff; $lhJ. Mq;fpy nkhopapD}lhf xUikg;gLj;Jk; ,e;jf; ifq;fupak; ey;ynjhU NritahFk;. ,jdhy; ,e;J kjk; gw;wpa mwpKfj;ij vkJ mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wk; mfpyk; g+uhfTk; milahsg;gLj;j Kide;Js;sJ. mtu;fs; gpuaj;jdq;fs; ntw;wpaila mUspiwtd; MrPu;tjpg;ghdhf vd;W $wp vdJ rpw;Wiuia ,j;Jld; Kbj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;Nwd;. 21

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

itj;jpa fyhepjp NtyhAjgps;is fhl;ba ghijapy; td;dpf;Fk; vq;fs; Nritia vLj;Jr; nry;Nthk; kh. fzgjpg;gps;is fle;j Vg;uy; khjk; 5 Mk; jpfjpad;W nfhOk;G> gk;gyg;gpl;b ru];tjp kz;lgj;jpy; khkd;wj;jpd; Vw;ghl;by; ele;j rpwg;G epfo;tpdN; ghJ nfhOk;G Nwhay; fy;Y}hpapd; (jkpog; g; phpT) Xa;T epiy mjpgUk;> khkd;w fy;tpf;FOtpd; jiytUkhd jpU. kh. fzgjpg;gps;is epfo;j;jpa fyhepjp NtyhAjgps;is Qhgfhh;j;j rpwg;Giu

rkag;gzp> fy;tpg;gzp> itj;jpag;gzp> r%fg;gzp vd;W gy;JiwapYk; <Lghl;Lld; nraw;gl;lth;. gy;Jiw MSikia ntspg;gLj;jpa itj;jpa fyhepjp NtyhAjgps;is mth;fs; <oj;Jj; jkpo; ,e;Jg; nghpath;fs; thpirapy; itj;Jg; Nghw;wg;gl Ntz;bath;. itj;jpaj; njhopiy tUtha; <l;Ltjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;jtpy;iy. kpf vspikahf tho;e;j mth; nfhOk;G nts;stj;ijapy; cs;s ypy;yp mtdpA+tpy; 11Mk; ,yf;f ,y;yj;jpy; tho;ej ; hh;. ahu; Neha; vd; W Ngha; MNyhrid Nfl; l hYk; kUe;Jfs; vOjpf;nfhLg;ghh;. xU rjNkDk; fl;lzk; mwtpLtjpy;iy. ,f;fl;lhd fhyfl;lj;jpy; aho;gg ; hzg; gy;fiyf;fof kUj;JtgPlk; %lg;gl;LtpLk; vd;w re;jh;g;gj;jpy; jdJ cly;epiyiaAk; nghUl;gLj;jhJ kpFe;j f];lkhd Nghf; F tuj; J epiyiaAk; ftdj; j py; vLf; f hJ nfhOk;gpy; ,Ue;J aho;gg ; hzk; nrd;W kUj;Jt gPlj;jpy; tphpTiuahw;wpdhh;. xUehs; gyhyp tpkhdepiyaj;jpy; ,uj;j mOj;jk; mjpfhpj;jikahy; kaf;fkile;jhh;. FLk; g j; j pdh; > ez; g h; f s; ,dp aho; g ; g hzk; Nghf Ntz;lhk; vd;W Nfl;Lf;nfhz;lNghJk; mth; njhlh;e;J nrd; W jhd; Vw; W f; n fhz; l gjtpf; F g; ngUik Nrh;j;jth;. ,j;jifa nghpahh;fshw;jhd; kUj;JtgPlk; %lg;glhJ ghJfhf;fg;gl;lJ vd mf;fhyg; nghpahh;fs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;fs;. 1983 ,y; ,yq;ifapy; ,df;fytuk; cr;repiy mile;jNghJ gk;gyg;gpl;b ,e;Jf; fy;Y}hp Kfhkpy; ,lk;ngah; jkpoh;fSf;fhf jd;dhyhd gq;fspg;igr; nra;jhh;. ,f;fhyj;jpy; %lg;gl;l ,uj;kyhid ,e;Jf; fy;Y}hpia kPz;Lk; jpwe;J fw;wy; fw;gpj;jy; epfo Nghjpa eltbf;iffis vLj;jhh;. vq;nfq;F jkpo; khzth;fs; Jd;gk; mile;jhh;fNsh mq;nfy;yhk; Fuy;nfhLj;J gpwhpd; epiy fz;L nghq;fp vOk; khkdpjdhf tpsq;fpdhh;. mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wj;jpy; cg jiytuhfTk; fy; t p> rkaf; FOf; f spd; jiytuhfTk; ,Ue; J rpwg;ghf gzpahw;wpdhh;. rkar; nrhw;nghopTfshy; jd; r%ff; Foe;ijfis ey;topg;gLj;jpath;. nfhOk;G tpNtfhde;jrig> <oj;J jpUnewp kd;wk;> nfhOk;Gj; jkpo;r;rq;fk;> jkpoh; Gdh;tho;Tf;fofk;>

e;J khkd;wj;jpd; kpfr; rpwe;j MSikahsh;fspy; xUtuhd itj;jpa fyhepjp mkuh; NtyhAjgps;is gw; w pa ,e; j ciu %d; W Kf; f pa tplaq; f is mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ. 1. vkJ fjhehafd; itj;jpafyhepjp mkuh; fe;ijah NtyhAjgps;is mth;fspd; tho;Tk; tfpghfKk; gw;wpaJ. 2. td;dp vd;w nrhy;yhy; tiutpyf;fzk; fhZk; epyg; g FjpAk; mq; F s; s kf; f spd; tho; t hjhu epiyAk; Fwpg;ghff; fy;tp epiy. 3. itj;jpa fyhepjpapd; tho;tpYk; tfpghfj;jpYk; ,Ue;J ehk; fw;Wf; nfhz;l ghlq;fSk; mtw;iw vt;thW td;dpf;F vLj;Jr;nry;tJ vd;gJkhFk;.

itj;jpa fyhepjp mkuh; NtyhAjgpsi ; s mtu;fspd; tho;Tk; tfpghfKk;

aho;g;ghzj;jpy; cs;s cUk;gpuha; gpuNjrk; gy fy;tpahsh;fisAk;> fdthd;fisAk;> rPkhl;bfisAk; vkJ ,yq; i fj; jP T f; F j; je; j gpuNjrkhFk; . mg;gpuNjrj;jpy; rpwg;Gld; tho;e;j fe;ijah fz;zk;kh jk; g jpfspd; Gjy; t dhf 1927 nrg; n lk; g h; khjk; 22 Mk; jpfjp NtyhAjgps;is mth;fs; gpwe;jhh;. jd; ,sikf;fy;tpia cUk;gpuha; ,e;Jf; fy;Y} hpapYk; ,ilepiyf;fy;tpia aho;g;ghzk; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}hpapYk; fw;whh;. caphpay; Jiwapy; rpwg;ghfj; Jyq;fpa mth; f.ngh.j cah;juj;jpy; rpj;jpaile;J nfhOk;G gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; kUj;Jt gPlj;jpw;F Njh;en ; jLf;fg;gl;lhh;. kUj;Jt gPlj;jpy; rpwe;J tpsq;fpa NtyhAjgps;is mth;fs; rpwe;j ngWNgWfs; ngw;wJld; rpyfhyk; nfhOk;Gg; gy;fiyf;fof tphpTiuahsuhfTk; flikahw;wpdhh;. fdlh nuhud;Nuh gy;fiyf;fofj;jpYk; yz;ld; ypth;G+y; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpYk; kUj;Jt Nkw;gbg;ig Nkw;nfhz;l mth; Ez;Zaphpaypy; rpwg;ghd Ma;Tfis Nkw;nfhz;bUe;jhh;. nghJr; Rfhjhuj;jpYk; mtUf;F kpFe;j Mh;tk; fhzg;gl;lJ. gpujk itj;jpauhfg; gyhq;nfhilapy; jd; gzpiaj; njhlh;ej ; mth; Rfhjhu mikr;rpd; Ez;Zaph;g; gphptpy; kpfr; nry;thf;Fld; nrayhw;wpdhh;. ‘jf;fhh; jftpyh; vd;gJ mtuth; vr;rj;jhy; fhzg;gLk;’ vd; w thf; f pw; f pzq; f Ie; J Mz; g ps; i sfisAk; xU ngz; F oe; i jiaAk; ngw; n wLj; J re; N jh\ khf tho;e;jhh;. mth;fspy; xUth; kUj;JtuhfTk; Vidath;fs; nghUj;jkhd njhopy;fspYk; rpwg;ghfj; Jyq;Ffpd;wdh;. ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

,e;J tpj;jpah tpUj;jpr; rq;fk; Nghd;w mikg;GfSld; Nrh;e;J jkpo;g; gzpAk; irtg;gzpAk; Mw;wpath;. ,dq;fSf;fpilNa rkj;Jtk; epyt Ntz;Lk; vd;w epidTld; nraw;gl;l NtyhAjgps;is mth;fs; jdJ nrhe;jg;gl;lk; gjtpf;fhf ahuplKk; jiy rha;f;fhj ngUik gilj;jth;. vjw;Fk; mQ;rh neQ;Rj;JzpTld; jdf;Fr; rhp vd;W gl;lij JzpTld; nrhy;Yk; nra;Ak; jpwd;gilj;jth;. kiyaf khzth; f spd; fy; t p kpf Nkhrkhd epiyapy; ,Ue;jij mtjhdpj;J mk;khzth;fSf;F fy;tp Gfl;l gy topKiwfis ifahz;lhh;. mtw;wpy; ntw;wpAk; fz;lhh;. jd; neQ; r wpag; ngha; a hjtuha; > cs; s j; j py; cs; S tnjy; y hk; cah; T s; s p> jd; e lj; i jahy; kf;fSf;Fr; Nrit nra;tNj kNfrd; Nrit vd;W tho;e;j ngUik gilj;jth; mth;.

CdKw;Nwhh; kuzk; mile;Njhh; gw;wpa rhpahd Gs;sp tpguq;fSld; mur epWtdq;fs; nraw;gLtjpy;iy vd;Wk; Fw;wk; rhl;Lfpd;wdh;. nry;thf;Fs;s gyh; tha;g;Gf;fisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;fpd;wdh;. murpay; r%fr; nry;thf;fpy;yhj ,ayhikAs;Nshh; Nghjpa cjtpfs; tha;gG ; f;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy;iy vd;W Fwpg;gpLk; mth;fs; jhq;fs; MW jfuj;NjhL tho;fpd;Nwhk; vdTk; njhptpj;jdh;. fpuhk Nritahsh;fs; kdpjhgpkhdj;NjhL ele;J nfhs;fpwhh;fs; ,y;iy. ghFghL fhl;Lfpd;wdh; vdf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;. VNjh jq;fs; tPl;Lg; nghUl;fisj; jUtJ Nghy vkf;F vJTk; fpilf;fhky; nra;fpd;whh;fs;. jkJ FLk; g cwtpdh; > nrhe; j k; vd; W vkJ fpuhkj;jpy; VyNt fhzhj gyh; ,g;NghJ rpwg;ghf tho; f pd; w hh; f s; . ,q; F vd; d elf; f pd; w J vd; g J vq;fSf;F tpsq;ftpy;iy. murpay;thjpfs; mLj;j fl;rp gjpjypy; fhl;Lk; mf;fiwia vk;kPJ fhl;ltpy;iy. jkJ gpurhuk;> fl;rp fl;lypy; fhl;Lk; mf;fiwapy; xU rjtPjj;ijNaDk; vkJ r%f Kd;Ndw;wj;jpy; fhl;ltpy;iy. murhq;fk; V9 tPjpia jpUj;jptpl;L vy;yh mgptpUj;jpAk; Kbe;Jtpl;lJ vd;fpwhh;fs;. vq;fs; tPjpfis te;J ghUq;fs; elf;fNth Jtpr;rf;fu tz;bfspy; nry;yNth Kbfpd;wjh? vq;fs; Mjhu itj;jpa rhiyfisg; ghUq;fs;. eha;fs; cwq;Ffpd;wd. vq;fs; ghlrhiyfspy; fw;wy; fw;gpj;jy; rPuhf ,y;iy. vJ rhpahf ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;W mq;fyha;f;fpd;wdh;.

ngUikf;Fk; Vidr; rpWikf;Fk; jj;jk; fUkNk fl;lisf; fy; vd;w ts;Std; thf;Ff;F ,yf;fzkhf tho;e;jhh;. jhd; gbg;ghy;> njhopyhy;> nghUshjhuj;jhy; cah; epiyapy; ,Ue;j NghJk; rhjhuz vspa tho;f;if Kiwahy; vy;NyhUf;Fk; cjtpa ngUkfdhh; xU cjhuz GU\uhfNt tpsq;fpdhh;.

td;dp vd;w nrhy;yhy; tiutpyf;fzk; fhZk; ep y g; g Fjp A k; mq; F s; s kf; f sp d ; tho; t hjhu epiyAk; Fwpg;ghff; fy;tp epiyAk;.

nghUshjhu epiy

,yq;ifapy; eph;thf khtl;lq;fs; ,Ugj;ije;J. mjpy; tTdpah> kd;dhh;> Ky;iyj;jPT khtl;lq;fs; %d; W k; Njh; j y; khtl; l j; j py; td; d p vd; W xU khtl;lkhf miof;fg;gLk;. kw;Wk; fpspnehr;rp khtl;lk; td;dpf;Fs; cs;slq;fhj NghJk; aho; khtl;lj;J kf;fs; MidapwTf;Fj; njw;Nf tTdpah tiuAs;s gpuNjrj;ij td;dp vd;Nw miog;gjhy; td;dp vd;w tiuaiwf; F s; kd; d hh; > tTdpah> Ky; i yj; j P T > fpspnehr;rp vd;w ehd;F khtl;lq;fSk; ftdj;jpy; vLf;fg;gLfpwJ.

td;dp kf;fspd; nghUshjhu epiy kpf NkhrkhfNt fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ngUk;Nghfk;> rpWNghfk; Nghd;w ,uz;L Nghf new;nra;ifAk; gy jlitfs; mw;Wg; Nghtjhy; tptrhakf;fs; gutyhfg; ghjpf;fg;gLfpd;wdh;. kPdth;fs; fiuNahu kPd;gpbNahL epw;gjhy; FLk;gepiy tWikf; N fhl; L f; F f; fP o ; j ; j hd; fhzg; g Lfpd; w J. Milj; njhopw; r hiy> rq; f pypj; njhlh; f ; f ilfs; Ml;Nrh;g;Gr; nra;Js;s NghJk; mth;fspd; rk;gsKk; kpff;FiwthfNt fhzg;gLfpwJ. tlf;fpd; tre;jk; Nghd;w jpl;lq;fshy; vkf;F kpd;rhuk; Nghd;w trjpfs; fpilf;Fk; vd;wpUe;Njhk;. kpd;rhuk; fpilj;jhy; Njhl;lk; rpWnjhopy; vd;W VjhtJ nra;ayhk; vd;W vz;zpNdhk;. ,q;Fs;s rpy murpay;thjpfs; jpwg;Gtpoh epfo;Tf;fhf Mik Ntfj;jpy; nra;ag;gl;l kpd;rhuk; toq;fyhy; vq; f spy; gyUf; F f; kpd; r huk; fpilf; f tpy; i y. Ntjidapy; tho;fpd;Nwhk; vd;fpd;whh;fs;. jhq;fs; Mz;lhz;lhf tho;e;j jq;fs; ghuk;ghpaf; fhzpfs; ey; y gaph; nra; e pyq; f spy; ,uhZtk; flw;gilapdh; epiy nfhz;bUg;gjhy; jk;khy; VJk; nra;a Kbatpy;iy. vq;fs; epyq;fspd; tpisTfis ,uhZtk; flw;gil re;ijg;gLj;Jk; NghJ mtw;iw tpiy nfhLj; J thq; F k; epiyapNyjhd; ehk; ,Uf;fpNwhk;. Aj;jk; Kbe;J MW Mz;L KbAk; Neuj;jpYk; vk; nrhe;j ,lq;fspy; tho Kbahky; ,Uf;Fk; vk;kplk; ,og;gjw;F ,dp vd;d ,Uf;fpwJ vd;W Nfl;fpd;whh;fs;.

r%fepiy

Nkw;gb ehd;F khtl;lj;J kf;fSk; Aj;jj;jhy; ghupa mstpy; njhlh;rr ; pahfg; ghjpf;fg;gl;lth;fs;. ,d;W tiu Aj;jj;jpd; csj;jhf;fq;fspypUe;J tpLglhjth;fshfNt fhzg;gLfpd;wdh;. ,q;F Nritahw;Wk; mjpfhhpfSk; Nritahsh;fSk; nghJ epWtdq;fSk; ,th;fSf;F Nghjpa cjtpfis toq; f tpy; i y vd; W Fw; w k; rhl; L fpd; w dh; . jq; f spd; epiyikiar; rhpahf tpsq; f pf; n fhs; f pwhh; f s; ,y; i y. jkf; f hd r%f milTfis fpilf;fr; nra;a Kbatpy;iy. vq;fisg; Gwf;fzpf;fpwhh;fs; vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;. fle;j fhyj;jpy; mur rhh;gw;w epWtdq;fspd; nraw;ghLfs; mwNt Fiwf;fg;gl;ljhy; vkf;Ff; fpilj;j Fiwe;j gl;r NjitfSk; gwpf;fg;gl;ld. Mff; Fiwe;jJ Kiwahd topfhl;lYk; MNyhridiaAk; ngw;Wf;nfhs;sTk; Kbatpy; i y vd; W Fwpg; g pLfpwhh; f s; . tpjitfs; ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

ifapy; fpilj;j fhirAk; Ruz;l tq;fpfSk;> yPrpq; fk;gdpfSk; te;J vk;ik thoitg;gth;fs; Nghy; ghrhq;F nra;J ,Ue;j jhypf;nfhbiaAk; ,oe;J ehjpaw;W epw;fpd;Nwhk;. ehk; vq;F nghUshjhuj;jpy; Kd;Ndw;wk; miltJ vd;fpd;wdh;. vq;fs; epyk;> ePh;> tsk; vy;yhk; Ruz;lg;gLfpd;wJ. vg;gb vk;khy; epkph;eJ ; thoKbAk; vd;W Nfl;fpd;whh;fs;.

kd;dhh;f;Nfhl;lk; 39 ghlrhiyfisAk;> Krypf; Nfhl;lk; 25 ghlrhiyfisAk;. ehdhl;lhd; Nfhl;lk; 26 ghlrhiyfisAk; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. kLtyaj;jpy; kLf;Nfhl;lj;jpy; 22 ghlrhiyfSk;> khe;ij Nkw;Ff; Nfhl; l j; j py; 31 ghlrhiyfSk; fhzg; g Lfpd; w d. ,iltpyfy; 12 tPjj;jpy; ,Ue;J 15 tPjk; tiu fhzg;gLfpwJ. rpWth; ciog;G tWik fhuzkhfNt ,iltpyfy; mjpfhpf;fpd;wJ vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;.

fy;tp

‘mwpahikia fy;tpahy; mfw;wp tpLq;fs;. me;jr; r%fk; cah; e piy milAk; ’ vd; w tpNtfhde; j Rthkpapd; fUj;ij Qhgfg;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L td;dpapd; fy;tp epiyia Nehf;fpd;>

tTdpah khtl;lk;

,q; F k; tTdpah njw; F >tTdpah tlf; F vd ,Utyaq;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. tTdpah njw;F tyak; tTdpah njw;Ff; Nfhl;lj;jpy; 22 rpq;fsg; ghlrhiyfSk; 42 jkpo;g; ghlrhiyfSk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. mLj;j Nfhl;lk; ntq;fyr; nrl;b Fsk; 37 ghlrhiyfSld; ,aq;Ffpd;wJ. tTdp;ah tlf;F tyak; neLq;Nfzpf; Nfhl;lk; 41 ghlrhiyfSlDk; Xke; i jf; Nfhl; l k; 48 ghlrhiyfSlDk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,q;F ,iltpyfy; 9 tPjj;jpy; ,Ue;J 13 tPjk; tiu fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. tWik rpWth; ciog;G ngw;Nwhh; nghWg;Gzh;tpd;ik vd;git ,iltpyfy; fhuzq;fs; vdr; Rl;bf;fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ.

fpspnehr;rp khtl;lk;

104 ghlrhiyfisf; nfhz; l fpspnehr; r p tyaj; j py; ehd; F Nfhl; l q; f s; fhzg; g Lfpd; w d. gisf; Nfhl;lk; 14 ghlrhiyfisAk;> fz;lhtisf; Nfhl;lk; 24 ghlrhiyfisAk;> fiur;rpf; Nfhl;lk; 42 ghlrhiyfisAk; G+efhpf; Nfhl;lk; 24 ghlrhiyfisAk; nfhz;L ,aq;Ffpd;wd. G+efupf; Nfhl;lj;jpy; Koq;fhtpy; ,uizjPT Nghd;w gFjpfs; kpfTk; gpd;jq;fpait. mNjNghy; fz;lhtisf; Nfhl;lj;jpy; Gspak;nghf;fid jl;Ltk; nfhl;b fl;ilf;fhl;Lg; gpuNjrq;fs; kpfTk; trjpFd;wpait. ,q;F ,iltpyfy; 7 tPjj;jpy; ,Ue;J 11 tPjk; tiu fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. FLk;gj;jpd; tWikNa ,il tpyfYf;fhd gpujhd fhuzk;. Aj;jj;jpd; gpd; je;ij jha; rNfhjuh;fis ,oe;j gyh; ghlrhiyf;fy;tpapy; ehl;lk; fhl;lhJs;sdh;. fpspnehr;rp khtl;lj;jpy; f.ngh.j (cah;juk;) rpj;jpaile;j 467f;F Nkw;gl;l khzth;fs; ve; j j; njhopYk; ,y; y hJs; s dh; . vy; y hj; n jhopy; tha;g;Gf;Fk; tpz;zg;gpj;Js;Nshk; fpilf;ftpy;iy. murpay;> nghUshjhur; nry;thf;F mw;wth;fs; ehq;fs; vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;.

nghJthd FiwghLfs;

td;dpg; ngUepyg;gug;gpd; fy;tp epiyf; Fiwghl;Lf;F nghJthd fhuzq;fshf mikgit>  Mrpupah; fy;tp Mrpupa Ml; N rh; g ; G Kiw ,yq; i fapy; kpf Nkhrkhd eilKiwiaf; nfhz; l J. tWik xopg;Gf;F Mrpupah; njhopy; jPh;thfTs;s ehL ,yq;ifahFk;. ,d;W cyfpy; fy;tp tsu;r;rp mile;Js;s gpd;yhe;J> rpq;fg;G+h;> nfhhpah Nghd;w ehLfs; jk; fy;tp tsu;r;rpf;F Mrpupah; fy;tp tsu;rr ; pNa fhuzk; vd;fpd;wd. ehk; mjpy; mf;fiw fhl;ltpy;iy.

Ky;iyj;jPT khtl;lk;

,uz; L fy; t p tyaq; f s; fhzg; g Lfpd; w d. Ky;iyj;jPT tyak;> JZf;fha; tyak; vd;git mit. 113 ghlrhiyfisf; nfhz;l Ie;J Nfhl;lq;fs; cs;sd. Ky;iyj;jPT tyaj;jpy; fiuj;Jiug;gw;W 31 ghlrhiyfSlDk; GJf;FbapUg;Gf; Nfhl;lk; 23 ghlrhiyfSlDk; ,aq;Ffpd;wJ. JZf;fha; tyaj;jpy; JZf;fha; Nfhl;lk; 18 ghlrhiyfSlDk;> xl;bRl;lhd; Nfhl;lk; 27 ghlrhiyfSlDk; khe;ij fpof;Ff; Nfhl;lk; 14 ghlrhiyfSlDk; ,aq;Ffpd;wJ. ,q;F ,iltpyfy; 11 tPjj;jpy; ,Ue;J 13 tPjk; tiu fhzg; g Lfpd; w J. tWik tpuf; j p vd; g it ,iltpyfy; fhuzq;fshFk;. mj;Jld; ,staJj; jpUkzKk; fhuzkhf mikfpd;wJ.

 Nghrhf;fhd cztpd;ik gps;isfs; Nghrhf;fhd czit cz;gjpy;iy vd;gJ UNICEF Nghd;w epWtdq;fspd; Ma;thFk;. kjpa czTf; F cyf czTj; j pl; l j; j hy; toq;fg;gl;l mhprp> hpd;kd P >; fUthL> gUg;G vd;git fsthlg;gl;l gy rk;gtq;fs; gjpthfpAs;sd. ,e; eltbf;iffs; rPuhf mikatpy;iy.  Mrpupah; gw;whf;Fiw ,yq;ifapd; jw;Nghija Mrpupa khztu; tpfpjhrhuk; 1:18 MFk;. xU MrpupaUf;F 18 gps;isfs;. Mdhy; td;dp khtl;lj;jpy; gy ghlrhiyfspy; ,e;j tpfpjhrhuk; Ngzg;gltpy;iy. nghUj;jkhd ghlq;fSf;F nghUj;jkhd Mrpupah;fs; ,y;iy. fzpjk;> tpQ;Qhdk;> Mq;fpyk;> njhopy;El;gg; ghlq; f Sf; F Nghjpa Mrpupah; f s; ,y; i y. ,t;thz;L ntspte;j f.ngh.j (rhjhuz ju)

kd;dhh; khtl;lk;

kd; d hh; khtl; l k; ,uz; L fy; t ptyaq; f isf; nfhz; l J. mit KiwNa kd; d hh; > kL vd; W miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ. kd;dhh; tyak; %d;W Nfhl;lq;fisf; nfhz;lJ. ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

 topfhl;ly;> MNyhridfs; ngw; N whh; > khzt khztpah; f s; > Mrpupah; f s; > mjpgh;fs; vy;NyhUf;Fk; ,e;eltbf;if mj;jpahtrpakhFk;. topfhl;ly; MNyhridfis nrt;itahd Kiwapy; Kd;ndLg;gpd; vjph;fhyk; khw;wkila re;jh;g;gk; cz;L.

ghPl;ir ngWNgw;wpy; Mq;fpyg; ghlj;jpy; gj;J tPjk; militf; $l td;dp ngUepyg;gug;G khztu;fs; ngwtpy;iy. fle;j Mz;L ghPl;ir KbTfspd; gpufhuk; fpspnehr;rp khtl;lk; ,Ugj;ije;jhtJ khtl;lkhfTk; Ky;iyj;jPT ,Ugj;J %d;whtJ khtl; l khfTk; fy; t p milT fhzg; g l; l ij NtjidAld; Nehf;f Ntz;Lk;.

itj;jpa fyhepjp mkuh; NtyhAjgps;isaplk; ,Ue;J fw;Wf; nfhz;l ghlq;fSk; td;dpf;F mtw;iwf; nfhz;L nry;Yk; KiwAk;

 Mrpupah; tpLjpfs; ,y;iy J}u ,lq;fspy; ,Ue;JtUk; Mrpupau;fs; jq;fp epd;W fw;gpg;gjw;F ghlrhiyfspy; Mrpupah; tpLjpfs; ,y;iy. vdNt Mrpupau;fs; jpdKk; njhiyJ}uj;jpy; ,Ue;J te;Nj fw;gpf;f Ntz;bAs;sJ. vdNt tUjy;> Nghjy; Mfpa fhuzq;fshy; Mrpupah;fspd; fw;gpj;jy; Neuk; FWfpajhff; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. tpLjpfs; mikf; f g; g Ltjhy; vjph; f hyj; j py; ,e;epiyf;Fj; jPh;T fhzyhk; vd ek;gyhk;.

1. gpwh; <depiyfz;L nghq;Fk; ,ay;G thba gapiuf; fz; l Nghnjy; y hk; thba ts;syhh; Nghy tWikahYk; Nghhpd; Jd;gj;jhYk; thb epw;Fk; khztupd; fy;tp epiy tsu;r;rpf;F cjTtjw;F ,ayf;$bath;fs; Kay Ntz;Lk;. mijj;jhd; NtyhAjgps;isaplk; ,Ue;J ehk; fw;Wf;nfhs;s KbAk;. 2. mQ;rhik> JzpTlik 1983 ,df; fytuj;jpy; gk;gyg;gpl;bapy; epd;W Nritahw; w pa NtyhAjgps; i s mth; f spd; jiyikj;Jt Mw;wy; cs;s nghpahh;fs; ,d;W td;dpf;Fj;Njit. %lg;gl;Lf;fple;j ,uj;kyhid ,e; J f; fy; Y }hpiaj; jpwf; f r; nra; j Mw; w y; cs;sth;fs; td;dpapy; %lg;gLk; ghlrhiyfisj; jpwf;f Kd;tu Ntz;Lk;. 3. gy;fiyf;fof kUj;Jt gPlk; %lg;gl;LtpLNkh vd;w Vf;fj;Jld; jd; cly; epiyghuhJ gzp nra;j NtyhAjgps;is mtu;fspd; kdg;ghq;Fs;s kdpjh;fs; td;dpf;F Ntz;Lk;. 4. 14 taJf;Fs; fw;fhky; epw;Fk; gps;isfSf;F fw;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;> mij Cf;Ftpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ Rw;WepUgk; MFk;. me;j Rw;W epUgj;ij eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; kdg;ghq;if Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. me;j epiyapy; nraw;gl;l NtyhAjgps;isapd; kdg;ghq;F cs;Nshh; kPz;Lk; td;dpf;F tUjy; Ntz;Lk;. 5. gzj;Jf;fg;ghy; ehisa re;jjp ed;whf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w kdg;ghq;Fld; nraw;gLk; kdpjh;fs;> Kd; k hjphpahdth; f s; td; d pf; F thUq; f s; . ,j;jifa kdg;ghq;F NtyhAjgps;is mth;fshy; tpje;Jiuf;fg;gl;lJ. 6. Vo;ikepiyapy;> tWikf;Nfhl;Lf;F fPo; tho;e;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; td;dp epyg;gug;gpd; Foe;ijfis Ju; g ; g puNahfk; nra; a hJ> tpgr; r huj; J f; F cl;gLj;jhJ> mty kuzq;fSf;F cl;gLj;jhJ mth;fs; cs;sj;jpy; jiyj;Njhq;Fk; fy;tpia Kiwahf mth;fSf;Ff; nfhLj;J vjpu;fhyj; jiyikj;Jtk; cs;s Mw;wyhsu;fis cUthf; F tjw; F Kd; t hUq; f s; vd; W mkuh; NtyhAjgps;is mth;fspd; Qhgfhu;j;j jpdj;jpy; cq;fsplk; Ntz;Ljiy Kd;itf;fpd;Nwd;.

 aho;g;ghzj;jpy; ,Ue;JtUk; Mrpupah;fs; td;dpg; ngU epyg;gug;gpy; gutyhf aho; Flhehl;L Mrpupah; f Ns flikGhpfpd; w hh; f s; . mth; f s; mYtyf Copah; Ng&e;jpy; te;J nry;Nthuhf ,Ug;gjhy; fhiyapy; gy kzpj;jpahyk; gpe;jpAk; khiyapy; gy kzp Neuk; Ke;jpAk; nry;Ytjhy; td;dpf; Foe;ijfs; Kiwahd fw;wy; militg; ngWtjpy; i y vdf; Fw; w k; rhl; l g; g LfpwJ. 1970 fis mz;kpj;j fhyq;fspy; tlkuhl;rp> njd;kuhl;rp> typfhkk;> jPTg;gFjp Mrpupah;fs; te; J td; d pg; ghlrhiyfspy; jq; f p ,Ue; J kNyupah Neha;> ghk;Gf;fb> ahid mr;RWj;jy; Nghd;w vy;yhf; f];lq;fisAk; jhq;fpf;nfhz;L Nrit nra;jhh;fs;. gzj;Jf;Ff; fy;tpia tpw;fhJ mh;g;gzpg;Gld; Nrit nra;jdh;. yPT fpilf;Fk; Neuq;fspy; khiy Neuq;fspy; khztu;fSf;F fw;gpj;jhh;fs;. mjdhy; rpwe;j ngWNgWfSld; khzth;fs; Jyq;fpdh;. ,d;W jkJ gps;isfis aho;g;ghzj;J ghlrhiyfspy; fw;gpj;Jf; nfhz;L td;dp epyg;gug;G khztu;fis khw;whd; jha; kdg;ghq;NfhL fw;gpg;gjhff; Fwpg;gplg;gLfpwJ.  ngw;Nwhh;> eyd;tpUk;gpfs; mf;fiwapd;ik vq;Nf ngw;Nwhh;> gioa khztu;> eyd; tpUk;gpfs; mf;fiwAld; cs;sdNuh mq;Nf fy;tp tsu;r;rp milAk;. Mdhy; td;dp epyg;gug;gpy; mt;tf;fiw kpff; FiwT. VNjh elf;fpwJ vd;w kNdhepiyAld;> jhd; jd;gps;is vd;w rpe;jidAld; cs;sdNu jtpu nghJr;rpe;jidAld; fhzg;gLk; kdpjh;fs; mhpjhfTs;sdh;.  vy;yhk; njupAk; vd;w epidg;G jk;ik ,w;iwg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;w rpe;jid gzpg; g hsu; f s; > mjpgh; f s; > Mrpupah; f splk; fhzg;gltpy;iy. vkf;F vy;yhk; njhpAk; vd;w rpe;jidAld; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. vdNt mth;fspd; kNdhepiyia khw;WtJ fbdkhf cs;sJ. ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

Nahfh; Rthkpfs; gf;fk;

jt¤âU átnahf RthÄfŸ mUËa khÅl thœ¡ifÆ‹ ïufáa« átbjh©l‹ âšiya«gy« átnahfgâ cyf irt¥ nguit - fdlh

otsehL vq;fs; jha; ehL. ,e;ehl;bd; tlghYs; s rpwe; j efuk; nre; j kpo; toq; F k; aho; g ; g hzkhFk; . ,e; e fupy; njd; j pirapYs; s J nfhOk; G j; J iw vd; D k; rpw; W }H. ,t; T +upd; fz; epytp ehdpynkq;Fk; mUnshsp tPrpa QhdFutNd vq;fs; FUehjd;. vy;NyhUk; ,tHfis nfhOk; G j; J iw NahfRthkpfs; vd; W mioj;J tuyhapdH. Rthkpfspd; je;ijahH ngaH mk;gythzH. jhahH ngaH rpd;dhr;rpak;ik. Rthkpfspd; gpwg; g plk; khtpl; l Guk; . ,th; ngUk;ghYk; tho;e;J te;j ,lk; nfhOk;Gj;JiwNaahFk;. Rthkpfs; thypguhf ,Ue;j fhyj;jpy; ey;Y}upy; nry;yg;gh Rthkpfs; vd;Dk; jpUg;ngaH G+z;l khngUe; jtj;jpduhfpa rptQhdpahH tho;e;J te;jhH. ,r;rptQhdpaNu vq;fs; Rthkpfspd; QhdFU MthH. jdJ FUTf;F Mshd gpd; Rthkpfspd; ,drd njhlHGfs; jhkhfNt fod; W tpl; l d. nry;yg;gh Rthkpfis jkJ jhahfTk;> je;ijahfTk;> ,iwtdhfTk; nfhz; L mtHfSf; N f jhk; kP s h mbikahapdhH. mf;FUehjd; thf;F RthkpfSf;F Ntj thf;fhapw;W.

njspT njspT njspT njspT

jpUNkdp fhz;ly; jpUehkQ; nrg;gy; jpUthHj;ij Nfl;ly; rpe;jpj;jy; jhNd - jpUke;jpuk; rptNahf Rthkpfs; jkJ tho;f;ifapy; tz;zhHgz;iz> ifjb Kjypa ,lq; f spNy mjpfk; rQ; r huk; nra;J te;jhHfs;. tz;zhHgz;izapy; rptnjhz;ld; epiyaj;jpw;F Vwf;Fiwa vg;NghJk; mq;F nry;thHfs;. rpy ehl;fspy; ,UKiw> Kk;KiwAk; nrd;W mjw;F nghWg;ghapUg;gtHfSf;F mij elj;JtJ gw;wpAk; MNyhrid $wptUthHfs;. 1961Mk; Mz;L ngg;utup khjk; 21Mk; jpfjp Rthkpfs; tpOe;j md;W> fhiy tz;zhHgz;izf;Fr; nrd; w pUe; j hHfs; . md; W gpw; g fy; fhy; eilapy; nfhOk;Gj;Jiwf;Fr; nrd;wpUe;jhh;fs;. mq;F nrd;wJk; ,th; tof;fk;Nghy; gRf;fs; fl;bapUf;Fk; ,lj;ijr; Rj;jp nra;Ak; nghOJ> xU gR Js;spaJ. Rthkpfs; mijf; fz;L rLjpahfj; jpUk;gpaJk;> epyj;jpy; tpOe;Jtpl;lhh;fs;. njhil vYk;G cile;J tpl;lJ. Rthkpfs; jkJ Neha; gw;wpf; $wpait rpy tUkhW. \\,e;j Neha; xU tug;gpurhjk;. fd;kj;ij mDgtpj;Nj jPuNtz;Lk;. clk;G Njhd;wpanghOJ mNjhL rk;ge;jg;gl;l vy;yhtw;iwAk; nfhz;L te;jJ. mjpy; NehAk; xd;whFk;.||

\\FUgud; mbapiz Vj;Jjy; ,d;gk; FUgud; mUl;gzp Mw;Wjy; ,d;gk; FUgud; mUs;thf; fhf;fpLk; ,d;gk; FUgud; ruz;Gff; $bLk; ,d;gk;" - ew;rpe;jid

,e;j Nehiag; gw;wp Muha Ntz;bajpy; i y. ,J vg;NghNjh Kbe;j fhupak;. xd;Wf;Fk; mQ; r Ntz; b ajpy; i y. ,e; j Nehapd; fhuzj; i j mwpe; j tH ,J vy; y hj; Jf; f q; f Sf; F k; eptHj; j p vd;gij mwptu;. mwpe;J mikjpahapUg;gH. ,uhkfpU~;z guk`k;rUf;Fk;> ,ukz kfup~pf;Fk; Gw;WNeha; te;jij md;gHfs; mwpthHfs;. Rthkpfs; tpNtfhde; j h; > \\clYf; F g; gpzp> %g; G > rhf; f hL tUtJ ,aw;ifnad;Wk; Qhdpfspd; clk;Gk; ,jw;F tpyf;fhditay;y|| vd;Wk; $wpdhH. ,e;epiyapy; jhd; Rthkpfs; rpyfhyk; aho;gg ; hzk; rptnjhz;ld; epiyaj;jpy; jq;fp me;j ,lj;Jf;F xU GJr;rf;jpia nfhLj;jdH. rptj;njhz;ld; rig Mjutpy; ghjahj;jpiufs; ,f;fhyj;jpy;jhd; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;ld.

FU%Hj;jpapd; mUl;bU Nehf;fk;gl;lJk; ghrk; vupj; n jhope; j J. Qhdk; gpufhrpf; f r; rpthde; j k; Nkypl;lJ. mg;nghOJ mjDs; mOe;jp ,Uf;Fk; epiyAk; if$baJ. FUtUs; ngw;Wf; Fznkd;Dk; Fd; N wwp epd; w RthkpfSf; F rpj; j pAk; > gf; j pAk; Kj;jpAk; va;jpd. rptNahfpahAk;> rptQhdpahAk;> rPtd; Kj;juhAk>; Jwtp Nte;juhAk; jpfo;e;J Vwj;jho miuE}w;whz;L fhyj;Jf;F Nky; vq;fs; kj;jpapy; elkhLk; nja;tkhf tho;e;J vz;zw;w Md;khf;fis <Nlwr; nra;jtUk;> ,d;Wk; Njhd;whj;Jizahf vk;KldpUe;J vq;fis top elj;Jgtuhfpa Rthkpfs; fUizf;Ff; ifk;khW csjhNkh!. ïªJ xË

FUtpd; FUtpd; FUtpd; FUTU

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

Rthkpfs; ey;Y}H KUfd; kPJk;> tz;izr; rptd; Nfhapypy; vOe;jUspapf;Fk; ijay;ehafp kPJk;> tpN~r gf;jpAs;stuha; ,Ue;jhHfs;. filrpf;fhyj;jpy; ,t;tpU Nfhapy;fspYk; mgpN~fk;> Muhjidfs; Kjypad nra;tpf;Fk;gb md;gHfis Cf;Ftpj;J te;jhHfs;. ijay;ehafp mk;kd; kPJ Rthkpfs;; ghba ghly; gpd;tUkhW:

me; j r; rpWFbirapy; fz; F spuf; fz; l fhl; r pia epidf;Fk;NghJ ,d;Wk; vkJ kdij cUf;FfpwJ. md;gHfs; kj;jpapy; elkhLk; nja;tkhf tpsq;fpa rptNahf Rthkpfs; 23.03.1964 ,y; jpUtb G+irj; jpdj;jd;W rkhjpahfp NrhjpAld; fye;J nfhz;lhHfs;. Rthkpfs; filrpahf cUf;fkhf $wpait gpd;tUkhW. \\ehd; Ik; g J tUlj; j pw; F Nkyhfr; nra; a Ntz;batw;iw vy;yhk; nra;J tpl;Nld;. Nghjpf;f Ntz; b atw; i w Nghjpj; J tpl; N ld; . xUtUf; F k; xU FiwAk; tpltpy;iy.|| MfNt Rthkpfs; miu E}w;whz;Lf;F Nkw;gl;l fhykhf ekf;Ff; fhl;ba ey;topiag; gpd;gw;wp ca;jpailNthkhf! \\ \\xU nghy;yhg;Gkpy;iy vg;gNth Kbe;j fhupak; ehkwpNahk; KOtJk; cz;ik|| - kfhthf;fpaq;fs;

\\ijay;ehafpj; jhNa ,J ey;y jUzk; mk;kh itak; GfOk; tz;izkh efupy; te;j thzpNa rptfhkpNa fe;jRthkpia je;j ijay;ehafpj; jhNa ,J ey;y jUzkk;kh|| RthkpfNshL gy fhykhf neUq; f pg; gofpa vq;fSf;F Rthkpfs; ntz;Kb jhq;fp> ntz;jhbNahL> ntz; z P W mzpe; J > nts; i s Ntl; b cLj; J Gd; r pupg; N ghL mUs; x sp tP R k; mj; j pUTUtj; i j>

khkd;wr; nra;jp

khkd;wj;jpd; itutpoh ntspaPlhd A Compendium for Hindus

vd;w ,e;J kf;fSf;fhd Mq;fpy kQ;rhpapd; ntspaPl;L tpohTk; itj;jpa fyhepjp f.NtyhAjgps;is Qhgfhh;j;j rpwg;Giu epfo;Tk; Nkw;gb E}ypd; ntspaPl;L tpohTk;> Qhgfhh;j;j rpwg;GiuAk; fle;j Vg;uy; khjk; 5Mk; jpfjpad;W fhiy nfhOk;G gk;gyg;gpl;b ru];tjp kz;lgj;jpy; eilngw;wJ. khkd;wj; jiyth; jpU. fe;ijah ePyfz;ld; jiyikapy; ,lk;ngw;w ,e;j itgtj;jpd; NghJ jpUg;gde;jhs; fhrpj;jpUklk; ,iz mjpgh; jtj;jpU Re;ju%h;jj ; p Rthkpfs; fye;J nfhz;L MrpAiu toq;fpdhh;. tlkhfhz Kjyikr;rh; rj;jpatpj;jfh; khz;GkpF ePjpaurh; f. tp. tpf;Nd];tud; gpujktpUe;jpduhff; fye;J nfhz;L rpwg;Giuahw;wpdhh;. khkd;w cg jiyth; tpilf;nfhbr;nry;th; rpd;dj;Jiu jdghyh tuNtw;Giu epfo;j;jpdhh;. khkd;wj;jpd; ntspaPlhd “,e;J kf;fSf;F xU ifNaL” E}ypy; mlq;fpAs;s ngUk;ghyhd tp\aq; fSld; Nkyjpfkhd gy tp\aq;fisAk; jhq;fpajhf 'A Compendium for Hindus” E}y; ntspte;Js;sJ. Nkw;gb jkpo; E}ypYs;s tp\aq;fis Mq;fpyj;jpy; nkhopngah;j;J cjtpapUe;j jpUkjp jpyfh tp[auj;jpdk; ,e;epfo;tpd; NghJ nfsutpf;fg;gl;lhh;. Kd;dhs; ,e;J rka fyhrhu mYty;fs; jpizf;fsg; gzpg;ghsUk;> ,g;NghJ epjp ,uh[hq;f mikr;rpd; nrayhsUkhd jpUkjp rhe;jp ehTf;furd; ïªJ xË

,e;j Ehiy ntspapl;L itj;jhh;. Kjw;gpujpia jpUkjp jpyfh tp[auj;jpdk; ngw;Wf;nfhz;lhh;. jpUkjp rhe;jp ehTf;furd; Mw;wpa ntspaPl;Liuiaj; njhlh;e;J [dhjpgjp rl;lj;juzpAk; tlf;F mgptpUj;jp epWtdj;jpd; jiytUkhd jpU. fdfehafk; fdf<];tud; Ehiy Ma;Tiu nra;jhh;. ,e;j epfo;tpd; NghJ khkd;wj;jpd; Md;kPf ,johd “,e;J xsp” apd; jtj;jpU Nahfh; Rthkpfspd; Ik;gjhtJ FUg+ir Mz;L epiwTr; rpwg;gpjo; ntspaPLk; ,lk; ngw;wJ. mnkhpf;f `tha; MjPdj;ijr; Nrh;e;j Md;kPfr; Rlh; hp\p njhz;Lehjd; Rthkpfs; rpwg;gpjio ntspapl;L itj;j gpd;> “jtj;jpU Nahfh; Rthkpfspd; jPh;f;fjhprdk;” vd;w nghUspy; rpwg;Giuahw;wpdhh;. ,jidj; njhlh;e;J khkd;w cgjiytUk; nfhOk;G Nwhay; fy;Y}hpapd; Xa;T epiy (jkpo;g;gphpT) mjpgUkhd jpU.kh.fzgjpg;gps;is “fyhepjp NtyhAjgps;is fhl;ba ghijapy; td;dpf;Fk; vq;fs; Nritia vLj;Jr; nry;Nthk;” vDk; nghUspy; Qhgfhh;j;j rpwg;Giuia epfo;j;jpdhh;. epiwTiuahf khkd;w cg jiytUk; aho; ,e;J Muha;r;rp epiya nfsut ,af;FeUkhd nrQ;nrhw; nry;th; fyhepjp MW. jpUKUfd; “ghnuy;yhk; vq;fs; gzp gutl;Lk;” vd;w nghUspy; rpwg;Giuahw;wpdhh;. 27

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

Éòyhdªj® g¡f«

Mœªj òyik bfh©l

Éòyhdªj mofŸ nguháÇa® m. r. Phdr«gªj‹

eh ‹ gšfiy¡fHf¤âš nrUK‹ng jÄœ¤Jiw¡F

jiy¥igí« jªJÉ£lh®. ngr¤bjhl§»a òyt® ï¥ghliy ÉÇthf¥ gho mj‰F És¡fK« T¿dh®. v¤jifa bgÇatU« KoâU¤JgtÇ‹ K‹, jiy tz§»na Ôunt©L« v‹w fU¤Jila m¥ghlY¡F eo¥ò¤ âwikíl‹ És¡f« T¿É£L "ï¥go xU gh£il¥ ghl ahuhš Koí«? fÉ¢r¡fut®¤â f«gdhš k£Lnk Koí«" v‹W T¿Ko¤jh®. jiyik V‰¿Uªj mofsh® Kf¤âš vŸS« bfhŸS« bto¤jJ. Mdhš, x‹W« TwÉšiy. mt® ngáKo¤jJ« m¡fhy kuò¥go mt® ng¢R¡F Koîiu x‹W« Twhkš, v‹id¥ ngRkhW miH¤jh®. T£l« bjhl®ªjJ. ïu©lh« ng¢rhsdh»a eh‹ `fÉ¢r¡fut®¤â' v‹w g£l¤â‰F¥ ghuâ KG¤jFâ thŒªjt‹ v‹gij ÃWî« tifÆš ÉÇthf¥ ngánd‹. xU fÉ¢r¡fut®¤â v‹gt‹ giHa r£l â£l§fis¡ f£o¡bfh©L thHnt©L« v‹w njitÆšiy. r¡fut®¤â Mjyhš mt® òâa r£l§fis ÃWtyh« v‹w mo¥gilia ÉtÇ¤J É£L¥ ghuâ ïjid v›thW brŒjh‹ v‹W T¿nd‹. mJtiu, cÆ®fŸjh‹ jiyÉfŸ, ïiwt‹ xUtnd jiyt‹ v‹¿Uªj giHa kuig cj¿¤jŸËÉ£L `f©z«kh v‹ fhjÈ', `f©z‹ v‹ nrtf‹' v‹w KiwÆš òâa ghlšfis mik¤jij vL¤J¡ T¿nd‹. m‹Wtiu ÃyÉÆUªj M©lh‹ moik¤âw¤ij cj¿É£L `Éehaf® mWg¤jhW ghoíŸsh‹ ghuâ' v‹W« T¿nd‹. eh‹ ngá Ko¤jJ« mofsh®, bõšÈ KjÈa nkdh£L¡ fÉP®fSl‹ ghuâia x¥ã£L Koîiu Tw¤ bjhl§»dh®. `gh£L¤ âw¤jhny ï›itaf¤ij¥ ghÈ¤âl nt©L« guhr¡â' v‹gJ ghuâÆ‹ th¡F. ïij vL¤J¡fh£oa mofsh®, "ï¡fU¤J¥ òJikahdJ; ï¡fU¤ij¡ fÉP‹ v§»UªJ bg‰wh‹ bjÇíkh? mt‹ ngh‰¿¥ go¤j bõšÈÆ‹ thd«gho (Skylark) v‹w ghlÈš tU« XuoÆ‹ jÄHh¡f«jh‹ ïJ'' v‹W T¿É£L,` Like a poet hidden in the light of thought, singing hymns unbidden till the world is wrought| v‹w mofis mofsh® vL¤J¡fh£odh®. jÄœ¥òyt®fŸ gyU« ghuâba‹w bgaiuna m¿ahj fhy¤âš ï›tsî MHkhf¥ ghuâia¥ gÆ‹W x‹nwfhš kÂneu« Koîiu v‹w bgaÇš brh‰bgU¡fh‰¿dh® v‹whš, mJ Éòyhdªj mofsh® xUtuhš k£Lnk Koí«. ÉHh KoªJ, j§»ÆU¡F« ïl¤â‰F¢ br‹w ãwF C®¡fhu e©gbuhUt® “RthÄ Kj‰ng¢R¡F Koîiu brhšyhkny É£LÉ£O®fns!” V‹?” v‹W nf£lh®. cl‹ g¤J¥ng® ïUªjd®. mªj ïy§if¢ á§f« vJg‰¿í« ftiy¥glhkš “X, ah« JwÉahf ïU¤jÈd‹nwh mªj¡ fatid iea¥ òil¡fhkš É£LÉ£nlh«” v‹W T¿aJ ï‹D« v‹ fhâš xÈ¤J¡ bfh©oU¡»wJ.

jiyikna‰¿Uªj Éòyhdªj mofŸ j« gjÉia cj¿É£L btËna¿É£lh®. Mdhš, gšfiy¡fHf¤âš nrUtj‰F K‹ng mofshÇl« v‹ jªijahU¡F« vd¡F« beU§»a gH¡f« ïUªJ tªjJ. ïy§ifÆš ãwªj ï¥bgUkfdh® Jwî ó©L ïuhk»UZz kl¤âš nr®ªâUªjh®. m«kl¤â‹ nt©LnfhË‹go ïkakiyia mL¤JŸs `mšnkhuh' v‹w gÅ¥ãunjr¤âš Äf Ú©l fhy« ïU¡f neÇ£likÆdhš clšey« ghâ¡f¥g£lh®. ãwF jÄHf« Û©L, áyfhy« m©zhkiy¥ gšfiy¡fHf¤âš jÄœJiw¤ jiytuhf¥ bghW¥ng‰¿Uªjh®. fU¤J ntWghL fhuzkhf m¥gjÉia cj¿É£lh®. gšfiy¡fHf¤âš ïU¡F« nghJjh‹ ïir¡ fšÿÇnahL bgÇJ« bjhl®ò bfh©L gHªjÄHUila ahœ g‰¿a MuhŒ¢áia¤ bjhl§»dh®. v‹Dila fšÿÇ¤ njhHU«, elkhL« mf¤âa® v‹W áw¥ò¥ bg‰wtUkh»a mku® f. btŸisthuzdh® ïªj MuhŒ¢á¡F¥ bgÇJ« cjÉahfÉUªjh®. ntiyia É£l ãwF âU¡bfhŸs«óö® br‹W Ú©lfhy« j§»ÆUªJ `ahœüš' v‹w bgaÇš j« mÇa MuhŒ¢áüiy btËÆ£lh®. m‰iwehŸ jÄH¿P®f£F ïšyhj xU bgUŠáw¥ò mofshÇl« ïUªjJ. ïa‰ãaÈš g£l« bg‰w mt® M§»y«, jÄœ, tlbkhÊ M»a K«bkhÊfËY« bgU«òyik gil¤jtuhf ïUªjh®. jÄÊ‰ fhz¥gL« áw¥ò¡fS¡F M§»y«, tlbkhÊ v‹gt‰¿ÈUªJ áwªj x¥òik¥gFâfŸ vL¤J¡fh£l¡Toat®. 1939M« M©oš br£oeh£oYŸs MÉÅ¥g£o v‹w CÇš xU T£l¤â‰F V‰ghlh»ÆUªjJ. m¡T£l¤â‰F mofsh® jiyik jh§»dh®. eh‹ vL¤J¡bfh©l jiy¥ò `fÉ¢r¡fut®¤â' v‹gjhF«. M§»y«, jÄœ v‹w ïUbkhÊÆY« tšYeuh»a k‰bwhU nguháÇaU« ïnj jiy¥ig¤ jªâUªjh®. RthÄfŸ v‹id¢ rªâ¤J `m¥ng¢rhs® f«gÅš mâf eh£l« bfh©lt®, Úí« f«gidna ngádhš e‹whf ïuhJ, ntbwhU òytid vL¤J¡bfh©L ngRf' v‹W T¿dh®. mj‰F cl‹g£l eh‹ ghuâia¥ g‰¿¥ ngRtjhf x¥ò¡bfh©nl‹. m¥bghGJ ïy¡»a cy»š ghuâ mâf« bršth¡F¥ bg‰¿uhj fhy«. RthÄfS¡nf ghuâ ghlšfËš gÆ‰á ïUªjjh v‹gJ vd¡F¤ bjÇahJ. KjÈš ngáa m¤ jÄœ¥òyt® ešy jÄH¿î, f«gÅš gÆ‰á v‹git Ãu«g¥ bg‰wtuhÆD« mtÇl« xU FiwÆUªjJ. neu§bf£l neu¤âš Fo¤JÉLth®. m‹W T£l« bjhl§fK‹ Ãiwa kJ mUªâÉ£lh®. nkilÆš tªJ Ã‹wt® jÅ¥ghlÈYŸs 'Muh® jiy tz§fh®?' v‹w ghliy¥ g‰¿¥ ngr K‰g£lh®. Ko âU¤Jgtiu¡ f«g‹ òfœªJ ghoajhf¤ jÅ¥ghlš âu£oš ï¥ghlš mikªJŸsJ. gâ¥ã¤j ò©Âaths‹ bfh£il vG¤âš `fÉ¢r¡fut®¤â f«g‹ ghoaJ' v‹w ïªJ xË

(ed;wp : ehd; fz;l nghpahh;fs;) 28

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

rka tho;tpd; gy;NtW ,yf;Ffis miltjw;F cjTk; Nahfnewp nry;tuj;jpdk; gj;kehjd;

Xa;Tngw;w cj;jpNahfj;ju; - aho; gy;fiyf;fof E}yfk;

dKk; fiyAk; mwptpaYk; kpf cau;e;j ciog;gpd; gad;fNsahFk;. mit ntspg;gLj;Jk; cz;ikfs; xOq;Fgl;l nray;Kiwfspd; tpisthFk; . ,t; t opg; g l; l Nj rka tho; T khFk; . mJ jdpkdpjdpd; vz;zk;> nrhy;> nray;Kiwfis xOq; F gLj; J tij mbg; g ilahff; nfhz; l J. ,t; xOq;Fgl;l nray;KiwfspD}lfNt Md;kpf cau;epiy va;jg;gLfpd;wJ. mt; cau;epiy gw;wpa ,yf;fpaq;fis ,e;Jrka tuyhw;wpy; kpf MokhfTk; gue;Jgl;Lk; fhzyhk;. ,e;Jrkak; $Wk; Md;kpf newpfspy; Nahfk;> fu;kk;> Qhdk;> gf;jp gw;wpa rpe;jidfs; ,e;Jrka ,yf;fpaq;fspy; gbg;gbahf tsu;eJ ; njspT ngWtij fhzyhk;. nray; fu;kkhfTk; mwpT QhdkhfTk;> czu;T md;Gkag;gl;L gf;jpahfTk; epd;W Md;kpf tho; i t tsg; g Lj; j pd. ,tw; i w xOq; f ikj; J Md; k pf cau; e piyf; F topaikf; F k; nraiy Nahfnewp Mw; w paJ. Nahfnewp rkatho; t pd; gy;NtW ,yf;FfisAk; miltjw;F iff;nfhz;l newpKiwahFk;. fu;kKk;> QhdKk;> gf;jpAk; Rl;Lk; cau; ; e piy jdpkdpjdpd; mfj; j py; eilngw; W Kw;Wg;ngWtjhFk;. cliyAk;> kdj;ijAk;> mwpitAk; xOq; F gLj; J k; nray; KiwfisNa Nahfnewp nfhz; L s; s J. mJ nrayhfpa fu; k j; j pD}Lk; > czu;thfpa gf;jpapD}Lk; mwpthfpa Qhdj;jpD}Lk; ntspg;gl;lJ. kWtskhf fu;kj;ijAk;> gf;jpiaAk;> Qhdj; i jAk; > xOq; F gLj; j Tk; rupg;gLj;jTk; NahfnewpahdJ Muk;g fhyj;jpypUe;J Md;kpf tho;tpd; mbg; g ilfis mikj; j spj; j ij tuyhW KOtJk; fhzyhk;. Nahfk; vd;gJ rpj;jj;ij epWj;jf; fw; g pf; F k; tpQ; Q hdkhFk; . kdk; khwhjtif fw;gpf;Fk; tpQ;QhdkhFk;. NkYk; kdpjd; Kjypy; jd;DliyAk; cs;sj;ijAk; ,Wjpapy; ,aw;if KOtijAk; jd;tag;gLj;Jtjw;fhd topia tFf;Fk; tpQ;QhdKkhFk; vd;fpwhu; Rthkp tpNtfhde;ju;. Nahfk; vd;w nrhy; cghak;> cau; r ; r p vd xU gbKiwapy; tsu;eJ ; nry;Yk; nraiyf; Fwpf;Fk; ïªJ xË

nghUspYk;> Nru;jy;> $Ljy;> fyj;jy;> Gzu;jy; vd;Dk; nghUspy; xd;whjy; vd;w fUj;jpYk; ifahsg;gLfpd;wJ. jtk;> jpahdk;> ePs epidj;jy;> epl;il $Ljy; vd;Dk; nrhw;fSk; Nahfj;ijf; Fwpg;gjhFk;. tuyhw;W Nehf;fpy; ‘Nahf jj;Jtk; cz;lhdJ ,e;J ejpg; gs;sj;jhf;F ehfuPfj;jpy; jhd;’ vd;gJ gzpf;fu; vd;Dk; Ma;thsupd; fUj;J. rpe;Jntsp kf;fs; Nahfg;gapw;rpiaAk; mwpe;jpUe;jdu;. mq;F fz;nlLf;fg;gl;l Kj;jpiufspy; Md;kf P Qhdk; iftug; ngw;w xU Nahfpapd; Kj;jpiu ftdj;jpw;FupaJ. mJ %d;W Kfq;fisf; nfhz;l kdpj cU xd;W fhy;fis klf;fp ,U Fjpf;fhy;fSk; xd;W Nru;e;J fhy; n gUtpuy; fP o ; N ehf; f p cs; s thW Mrdkpl; L Nahfj;jpy; mku;e;jpUg;gJ Nghyf; fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,t;TU mku;e;Js;s Nahfepiy ‘%yge;j Nahfk;’ vd milahsk; fhzg; g LfpwJ. NahfP ] ; t uuhd rptngUkhidNa ,t;TU Fwpg;gpLfpwJ vd Ma;thsu;fs; fUJfpd;wdu;. Nru; Nahd; khry; Fwpg;gpLkplj;J> rupj;jpu ehafdhd rptDld; ,izj;Jf; $wg;gLk; g+u;tPf Mupaf; flTspd; ,uz;lhtJ Njhw;wk; ahnjdpy; rptd; gpuj; j pNafkhd Nahfpia Nghd; W fhl; r p jUtjhFk;. ,t;tifapy; Mjpr;rkakhd irtj;jpd; Njhw;wj;jpw;Fk; epiyNgw;wpw;Fk; fhuzkhf Nahfnewp iff;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. rpe;Jntspg; gs;sj;jhf;F ehfuPfj;jpd; gpd; Ntjq;fs; Rl;Lk; rkatho; t py; Muzpafq; f Sk; > cgepljq;fSk; Nahfnewp epd;Nwhu; topte;jitNa. nka;apay; Ma; t pd; Gjpa tpsf; f q; f shd ,t; T gepljq; f s; jpahdnkd; D k; ePs epidj;jy; kdj;jpw;Fk; capUf; F k; gapw; r paspg; g ijNa Kjd;ikahf tpsf;fkhff; nfhz;l JwtpfsplkpUe;Nj mit Njhd;wpd. ,t;thW Njhw;wk; ngw;w cgepljq;fs; gpw;fhy jj;Jt cyfpw;F mbg;gilahapw;W. mtw;wpy; Nahf juprdKk; xd; w hFk; . mWtifj; juprdq;fspy; rhq;fpaKk; NahfKk; rhq; f paNahfk; vd ,izj; J g; 29

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

ghu;ff ; g;gLfpwJ. ,jw;F rhq;fpak; jj;Jt tpsf;fj;ijj; ju Nahfk; mijf; iff; n fhs; S k; nray; K iw topfisf; $WtNj fhuzkhFk;. RNtjh];tu cgepljk; rhq;fpa Nahfk; gw;wp tpupthff; $Wfpd;wJ. Kz;lf cgepljj;jpd; ,uz;lhk; gFjp Nahfk; gw;wpf; $WfpwJ. gftj;fPij xU Nahf E}yhFk;. mJ fu;kk;> gf;jp> Qhd topg;gl;l vy;yh Md;kPfr; nraw;ghLfisAk; Nahfk; vdf; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. Nahf thrp~;lj;jpy; cj;jhyfu;> rhfGfz;lu; fijfspy; jpahd Kiw gw;wpf; $wg;gLfpwJ. mj;Jld; gypapd; fij epu;tpfw;g rkhjpepiy milAk; topgw;wpf; $WfpwJ. gjQ;ryp fp.gp. 5Mk; E}w;whz;L tiuapy; vOjpa Nahf #j;jpuk; vd;Dk; E}y; goQ;rpwg;G kpf;f Nahf KiwfSf;nfy;yhk; Mjhu E}yhFk;. ,e;E}yhy; mwpag;gLk; ml;lhq;f Nahfk; vd;Dk; uh[Nahfk; xOq;fhd nray;Kiwfis Kd;itf;fpd;wJ. mjpy; $wg;gl;Ls;s vl;L cWg;Gf;fspy; Kjypuz;Lk; xOf;f newpfisAk;> %d;whk; ehd;fhk; epiyfs; cliy trg;gLj;jTk;> mLj;Js;s %d;Wk; kdj;ij xUepiyg;gLj;jp gbg;gbahff; Fz;lypdp rf;jpia vOg;gp cau;ej ; mDgt epiyahfpa vl;lhtJ rkhjp epiyia miltijAk; Fwpf;Fk;. uh[Nahfk; gw;wp Rthkp tpNtfhde;ju; Fwpg;gpLkplj;J ‘tzf;fk;> topghL> fUkk;> fpupia> mw;Gjk; ,tw;wpd; tpsf;fkhf vy; y hr; rkaq; f Sf; F k; Mjhukhfpa Kiwfis uh[Nahfk; $Wk;’ vd;fpwhu;. rpthfkq;fs; Nahfk; gw;wpr; rpwg;ghff; $Wfpd;wd. rhf; j je; j puq; f s; Nahf newpia ‘Fz; l ypdp Nahfk;’ vd tpsf;Fk;. Nahf newpapy; Fz;lypdp rf;jpia vOg;Gjy; vd;Dk; nray;K iw tpisT Kd;itf;fg;gLfpwJ. ‘ciuAzu;T fle;j fhl;rpf;Fk; Md; k hit miltjw; F k; nja; t P f Qhdj; i jg; ngWtjw; F k; xNu topAz; L . mJ Fz; l ypdpia vOg;GtjhFk;’ vd;ghu; Rthkp tpNtfhde;ju;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaq;fspy; mwptu; vd;Wk; mwNthu; vd; W k; ,Utifr; rhd; N whu; Fwpf; f g; g Lfpd; w du; . mtu;fspy; mwNthu; jtk;Gupe;jdu;. mtu;fs; topapy; rpj;ju;fs; Nahf newpg;gl;ltu;fs;. rpj;ju;fspy; jpU%yu; je;j jpUke;jpuk; Nahfk; gw;wp tpupthfg; NgRfpwJ. mwtho;T gw;wpf; $Wk; rq;fkUtpa fhy E}y;fs; jtk; gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd.

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ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

M‹Äf« - bghUŸ És¡f« fyhÃâ FkhurhÄ nrhkRªju«

_‹W F‰w§fns cy»š cŸs mid¤J¡ F‰w§fS¡F« mo¥gil. m§F m‹ò« fUizí« v›thW kyU«.?” m‹ò« fUizí« kyuhj g£r¤âš, m§F M‹ÛfK« t‰¿ tu©LÉL«. mªjtifÆš M‹Ûf thœî á¤â bgWtj‰W khÄr czî V‰wjšy v‹gJ òy¥gL»wj. jhtu czitna c©L, M‹Ûf thœî thHnt©L« v‹W tÈíW¤j¥gL»wJ. m›thnw kJ mUªJjš, nghij¥bghUŸ ghtid, òif¤jš v‹gdî« M‹Ûf thœî¡F x›thjd. ï¥gH¡f§fS« F‰w¢ brašfis¥ òÇa¤ö©Ltd. nguhir, nfhg«, fL« g‰W, Kiwa‰w ghšft®¢á, ca®î-jhœî kd¥gh‹ik, tŠr« vD« MW Ôa Fz§fis, j§fŸ kd§fËš ts®¤J tU»‹w kÅj®fËl« M‹Äf« ïl«bg‰¿U¡fhJ. Ôa Fz§fŸ MW« kÅj kd§fËYŸs fs§f§fŸ; mG¡FfŸ; öŒik Ä¡f M‹Ûf«, mG¡FfŸ goªj kÅj kd§fis É£L Éy»ÆU¥gnj Úâ. “J£lid¡ f©lhš öu ÉyF;” v‹gJ KJbkhÊ. MW Ôa Fz§fisí« kÅj®fŸ Óuik¥ò¢ brŒJtU«nghJ, fs§fË‹ mG¤j« go¥goahf¡ Fiw»‹wJ. nkny Tw¥g£LŸs nguhir Kjyhd MW Ôa Fz§fS« Kiwna âU¥â Ãiwªj kd«, bghWik, <if, f‰ò be¿, rk¤Jt cz®î, k‹Å¥ò vD« e‰Fz§fŸ, e‰g©òfŸ, ÉGÄa§fshf ÄË®»‹wd. Ôa v©z§fŸ jÉ®¡f¥glnt©L«. m¥bghGJjh‹ M‹Ûf« Kisbfh©L ts®ªJ brÊ¡F«. “Ôait Ôa ga¤jyhš, Ôait ÔÆD« mŠr¥gL«.” v‹gJ tŸSt® mKjbkhÊ. ïjid cz®ªJ, kÅj®fsh»a eh«, ÔÉu Ka‰á brŒJ kdâš m›t¥nghJ vG« Ôa v©z§fis, vkJ m¿É‹ cjÉíl‹ mt‰¿‹ ey« Ô§Ffis MuhŒªJ, KisÆnyna ntUl‹ »ŸË v¿ªJ Élnt©L.k. mJnt ò¤ârhÈ¤jd«. v©z§fns brayhf cUbtL¡»‹wd. ïj‰F tÊ, ešy v©z§fis¤ bjhl®ªJ kdâš cUth¡»¡ bfh©L ïU¥gJjh‹. ï§Fjh‹ M‹Ûf« cjakh»‹wJ. v©znk thœî. ešy v©z§fŸ M‹Ûf thœî¡F É¤J¡fŸ MF«. bjhl®ªJ, ešy v©z§fisna thÊÉš v©Â¡ bfh©L thœªjhš, mJnt, M‹Äf thœî¡F mo¥gilahF«. mwthœî¡F MjhukhF«. jÅkÅj, FL«g, r_f k‰W« bghJ thœ¡if, M‹Äf« br¿ªjjhf mikí«nghJ jk¡F« ãwU¡F« r_f¤â‰F« jh« <LghL bfh©LŸs bghJey¥gÂfS¡F« ca®î V‰gL»‹wJ. ï‹W kÅj r_f¤âš gutyhf ïl«bg‰W tU»‹w CHš. ïyŠr«, nkhrofŸ. gf‰bfhŸis, fw¥ò¥ gz« ÛJ nkhf«, ghÈaš tšYwîfŸ, fl¤jšfŸ, bfhiyfŸ, âU£L¡fŸ,

ÅjthœÉ‹ ãujhd neh¡f«, ïiwíz®î bg‰W, mwbe¿Æš thœ¡ifia elh¤â¤ öŒik bg‰W, ngÇ‹g Ãiyia vŒJtjhF«. ïjidna, M‹Ûf thœî vd¡ F¿¥ãl¥gL»wJ. kÅj nea«, M‹k nea« M»a ïu©L« M‹Ûf thœÉ‹ ïU f©fŸ Mf És§F»‹wd. všyh kÅj®fËl¤âY« ca®î, jhœî ghuhJ; nt©oat®, nt©lhjt® v‹w ngj« fh£lhJ; jk®, ãw® v‹D« nt‰Wikíz®î ï‹¿; všyh kÅj®fËl¤J« m‹ò brY¤JtJ«, fUiz fh£LtJnk kÅj nea« MF«. všyh cÆ®fËl¤J« rkkhf m‹ò brY¤JtJ« fUiz fh£LtJnk M‹k nea« vd¥gL»wJ. eh« thG»‹w rKjha«, e‹whf, mikâahf, k»œ¢áahf, Ãiwîbg‰W ïUªjhšjh‹; eh« x›bthUtU« mikâíl‹ e‹whf thHKoí«. nt‰WikÆš x‰Wik f©L; rk¤Jt«, rnfhju¤Jt«, Rjªâu« v‹gdt‰¿‹ ey« ngÂ¡fh¤J, X«ã; “v‹ fl‹ gÂ brŒJ »l¥gnj”, v‹D« ca® j¤Jt¤ij¢ bra‰ghL M¡»; jd¡F« ãwU¡F« v¡fhy¤âY« J‹g« ÉisÉ¡fhj; mnjntis e‹ik ga¡f¡Toa, v©z«, brhš, braš M»at‰¿š öŒikahd xG¡f thœnt M‹Ûf thœî MF«. mwbe¿ xG¡f thœnt M‹Ûf thœî. M‹Ûf thœî¡F Mjhu« ïiwíz®î, ïiw e«ã¡if v‹gt‰Wl‹ mwbe¿Æš xGFjY« MF«. ãw cÆ®fË‹ J‹g« Ú¡F« öabe¿na m‹ò be¿; mJnt mwbe¿í« MF«. m‹ò« mwD« kÅj thœ¡ifÆ‹ g©ò« gaD« v‹»wh® tŸSt¥bgUªjif. “m‹ã‹ tÊaJ cÆ®Ãiy”, v‹gJ tŸSt® th¡F. m‹ò ey«ngÂ thH kW¥gt®fŸ RaeyKilnah®. m‹ò ey« ngÂ¡fh¤J, ãw®¡F cjÉ, mt®fË‹ J‹g§fis¤ Jil¤J, mt®fis k»œÉ¤J thœgt®fns bghJey« ngQgt®fŸ. všyh cÆU« x‹nw; mt‰¿‰»ilna ca®î - jhœî ntWghL ïšiy v‹W m¿ªJ, M‰W»‹w gÂfŸ ahî« m‹ã‹ brayhF«; mwK« MF«. M‹Ûf ey« fh¤J X«ã tUtj‰F, jhtu czî c©gj‹ K¡»a¤Jt« g‰¿, ntjh¤âÇ kfÇÎ, ã‹tUkhW TW»‹wh®: “khÄr czî mâfkhd cz®¢áfis¤ ö©l¡ToaJ. nehŒfisí« c©Lg©z¡ToaJ. m¤Jl‹ khÄr czit kÅj‹ ehL«bghGJ, 1. cÆ®¡bfhiy, 2. mj‹ cliy czî¡fhf¤ âULjš, 3. m›îÆÇ‹ thG« cÇikia¥ g¿¤jš v‹w _‹W F‰w§fisí« brŒJ ÉL»wh‹. ïªj¡ F‰w§fŸjh‹ rKjha¤âš k¡fËilna guî«nghJ, všyhtifahd J‹g§fS¡F« fhuzkh»‹wd. ïªj ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

gÊth§fšfŸ, fW¥ò¢rªij, Éahghu« k‰W« thœ¡if xG§Ñd§fŸ, nghij¥bghU‹ fl¤jš v‹gd, kÅj®fËš V‰g£L tU»‹w Ôa v©z§fË‹ btË¥ghLfS« bra‰ghLfS«, mt‰¿‹ gadhf V‰g£l M‹Äf tWikínk, v‹gij¡ fhy§flªj ÃiyÆnyD« kÅj Fy« cz®ªJ, jtWfis¤ âU¤â Óuh¡f« brŒJ; M‹Äf¤ij Û©L« kÅj thœÉš ky®¢á bgw¢ brŒa Ka‰á vL¡Fnkahdhš, kÅj Fy Û£á, ca®î cWâah»ÉL«. jhkâ¤jhš jÉ¡f neÇL«.; mÊî« cWâah»ÉL«. M‹Ûf« x‹¿dhnyna, jhœ¢áailªJŸs kÅj rKjha« Ûsî« Û£á bg‰W ju¤âš ca®¢á bgw Koí« v‹gJ c©ikÆš c©ik. m¿Éš bjËîilnah®, m¿åd®fS¡F mŠá, xJ§»ÆU¡fhkš, K‹ tªJ M‹Ûf¤ij, mw¤ij; m‹ò, fUiz v‹gt‰iw; Úâia, r¤âa¤ij, rhªâia cy»š Ãiybgw¢ brŒa nt©oaJ fhy¤â‹ njití«, f£lhaKkhF«. “Ô§»d® j« f©Â‰F¤ bjÇahj öu¤âš Ú§Ftnj ešy be¿”, v‹D« Ãiy¥ghL, mJ Tw¥g£l fhy¤â‰F¥ bghU¤jkhf ïU¡fyh«. M‹Äf« nfhnyh¢áa fhy« mJ. g‹¿nahL nr®ªj gR¡f‹W« mG¡Ffis¤ njo ehL« v‹D« ga¥ghL ïUªj fhy«. Ôat®fSl‹ nr®ªjhš ešyt®fS« bf£lt®fsh» ÉLth®fŸ v‹w m¢r¤âdhš m›thW bgÇnah® brhšÈ it¤jd®. be‰gÆ®fS¡»ilna tsU»‹w ò‰fŸ, ó©Lfis, tsuÉ£lhš, be‰gÆ®fis mÊ¤J ehr« brŒJÉL«. mjdhš, m¡fisfis KisÆny »ŸË v¿ªJ ÉL« tH¡f« ïUªJ tU»‹wJ. fisfis be‰gÆ®fshf cUkh‰w KoahJ. MifÆdhš fisfis¥ ãL§» mf‰¿nah, fiseháÅfis¥ ghŒ¢á mÊ¤njh, be‰gÆ®fis¥ ghJfh¥gJ j®k«. Mdhš, Ôa Fz§fisíila kÅj®fis, e‰Fz§fŸ cila kÅj®fshf kh‰w Koí«. Mifahš, Ôat®fis¤ jÅik¥gL¤â xJ¡»Élhkš, rhk, ngj, jhd, j©l« v‹D« KiwfSŸ bghUkhdij¥ ga‹gL¤â mt®fis¤ âU¤â ešy kÅj®fshf, M‹Äf« br¿ªj thœ¡ifia thœgt®fshf, ca® g©òfisíila rh‹nwh® r_f¤Jl‹ bghUªâ thœgt®fshf cUth¡» ÉLtJ, r_f¥bghW¥òila kÅj®fË‹ flikahF«. mJ kÅj j®kkhF«. Ôa Fz§fisíila kÅj®fis mÊ¥gJ, M‹Ûf« MfhJ, Ôa Fz§fis xÊ¤J, mt‰whš Õo¡f¥g£l kÅj®fis¤ âU¤â, ešyt®fŸ M¡FtJjh‹, M‹Ûf¤J¡F cl‹ghlhdJ. fªjòuhz fyhrhu« ïjid¤jh‹ MjÇ¡»‹wJ. KUf¥bgUkh‹ ngh® el¤â, Nug¤kÅl« ïUªj Mzt¤ij; mj‹ Fz§fshd “eh‹” vD« mfªijiaí«, “vdJ” vD« kkijí«, mÊ¤J, Nug¤kid M£bfh©lh®. Nug¤kid¡ bfhšyÉšiy. mtid¢ nrtY« kÆY« Mf cUkh‰¿¢, nrtiy¡ bfhoÆš mk®¤âdh®; kÆiy¤ jkJ thfd« M¡»dh®. mªj tifÆš Nug¤k‹ ÓuŠÓÉahf thœªJ bfh©oU¡»wh‹. KUfDl‹ thG»‹w gh¡»a¤ijí« bg‰wh‹. ïJnt fªjòuhz fyhrhu« fh£L« M‹Ûf fyhrhu«. cÆÇd§fŸ mid¤âY«, kÅj ïdnk M‹Ûf ts« bfh©lJ. kÅj®fŸ m›ts¤ij¥ ga‹gL¤â¡ bfhŸsnt©oaJ. mt®fË‹ flikí« cÇikí« MF«. j« cÇikia¡ nfhÇ¥ ga‹bfhŸs kW¥gnjh, kw¥gnjh, xU tifÆš cÇik Ûwš MF«. ïªJ xË

kÅjÅ‹ M‹Ûf xG¡f¥ g©gh£L ts®¢á¡F cjîKfkhf, g©il¡fhyªbjh£L¥gy Úâ üšfS«, mwbe¿ rhªªj ÉGÄa¡ fU¤J¡fŸ bjhF¡f¥bg‰w üšfS«; Mrhu«, xG¡f«, M‹Ûf« v‹gt‰iw És¡F« üšfS« òyikahs®fshš vGj¥g£L, tH§f¥g£L tU»‹wd. kÅj®fŸ ita¤JŸ thœth§F thœtj‰F«; ešy t©z« thœtj‰F«; M‹Ûf ts¤ij¥ gaDŸs tifÆš, thœ¡if tskhf M¡» ga‹bfhŸS« Kiwia m¿ªJ bfhŸtj‰F«, mt®fS¡F tÊfh£ofshf ïªüšfŸ És§F»‹wd. âU¡FwŸ, ehyoah®, M¤âNo, bfh‹iwntªj‹, _Jiu, eštÊ, e‹bd¿, Mrhu¡nfhit k‰W« r§ffhy¤J¥ gâbd©Ñœ¡fz¡F üšfŸ v‹gd mt‰W£ áy. òuhz, ïâfhr§fŸ, fhÉa§fŸ, fh¥ãa§fŸ v‹gd go¥ãidfŸ xG¡f ÉGÄa§fŸ, mw§fŸ, Mrhu Óy§fŸ v‹gdt‰iw¡ fijfŸ, vL¤J¡fh£L¡fŸ _y« cz®¤Jtdthf mik»‹wd. xUfhy¤âš fšÉ f‰wš v‹gJ ï¤jifa m¿î, M‹Äf üšfis¡ f‰W¤nj®¢á bgWjiyna F¿¤J Ã‹wJ. “f‰f frlw¡ f‰git f‰wã‹, Ã‰f mj‰F¤jf” v‹»wJ âU¡FwŸ. f‰f¤ jFªj; mw«, M‹Äf« rh®ªj; kÅj M¡f¤â‰F cjt¡Toa áwªj üšfis¤ bjÇªJ IaªâÇgw¡ f‰fnt©L«. m›thW f‰wã‹ f‰wh§F xGf nt©L« v‹gJ ï¡Fw£gh jU« bghUŸ. f‰wš, Ã‰wš ïu©L« fšÉÆ‹ ïU g¡f§fŸ. mit xU ehza¤â‹ ïU g¡f§fŸ ngh‹wit. xU g¡f« gGJ milªjhY«, ehza« KGikahf mj‹ kâ¥ig ïHªJ, bršyh¡fhR v‹w mtkâ¥igí« bg‰WÉL»wJ. m›thnw, f‰wš, Ã‰wš v‹gâš Ã‰wš ïl«bgwhÉoD«, f‰wš frlw¡ f‰f¥glhÉ£lhY«, fšÉ mj‹ kâ¥ig ïHªJ gad‰wjh» ÉL»‹wJ. M‹Äf¡ fšÉahf, ÉGÄa¡ fšÉahf És§»a jÄœ kuò¡ fšÉ, kÅjid, kÅj¤j‹ikfSila kÅjdhf cUth¡»aJ. ita¤JŸ thœth§F thHî«; g©òilnah®, rh‹nwh® Mf¤ Jy§fî«, jÄœ kuò¡fšÉ kÅj®fis be¿¥gL¤âaJ. “g©òilah® g£L©L cyF”; v‹W«, “cyf« v‹gJ ca®ªnjh® nk‰W” v‹W«, “rh‹nwh‹ M¡Fjš jªij¡F¡ flnd” v‹W«, “<‹wbghGâ‰ bgÇJt¡F« j‹ kfid¢ rh‹nwh‹ vd¡ nf£l jhŒ” v‹W kFl thrf§fŸ vGtj‰F« kuò¤ jÄœ¡fšÉna C‰W¡f©zhfî« Kj‰fhuzkhfî« És§»aJ. “fšÉ¡F¥ ga‹ m¿î; m¿î¡F¥ ga‹ xG¡f«” v‹gJ kuò¤jÄœ¡ fšÉÆ‹ mâía® fšÉ ïy¡fhfî«, g©ò« gaDkhfî« mikªjJ. M‹Ûf ey« ngÂ¡ fh¤J, X«g¥g£lJ. k¡fŸ thG« Kiw m¿ªJ, thœth§F thœªJ tªjd®. mikâ ÃyÉaJ. “thœ¡if¡F cWJizahf tUtJ öa e‰fšÉna” vD« âU_y® th¡F, eilKiw Kiwthœ¡ifÆš Ã%gzkhÆ‰W. j‰fhy¤âš, bghUŸ <£Ltij Kj‹ik ïy¡fhf¡ bfh©lnj fšÉ vD« nfh£ghL, tY¥bgw¤bjhl§», eilKiw¡F tªjJ«; mw« rh®ªj M‹Ûf¡fšÉ tH§fÈš ã‹dilî V‰g£lJ. xU bjhÊšKiwia¥ nghâ¥gj‰F, vL¤J¡ bfhŸ»‹w Ka‰áahf¡ fšÉ kh‰w¥g£LÉ£lJ. eåd fšÉKiw, ešy g©òfis, xG¡fÉGÄa§fis, ešy cŸs§fis cUth¡F»‹w M‹Ûf¤ij khzt®fS¡F¤ 32

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

junt©L« v‹gâš áu¤ij bfhŸsÉšiy. ïªÃiyik g‰¿, I¡»a ehLfŸ rigÆ‹ K‹dhŸ bghJ¢bray® Cjh‹£ mt®fŸ T¿aij, ï§F F¿¥ãLtJ Äfî« bghU¤jkhf ïU¡F«. “e« fšÉ xU kÅjid xU kU¤Jtuhfnth, bgh¿Æayhsuhfnth, MáÇauhfnth cUth¡F»wJ. Mdhš kÅjid c©ikahd kÅjdhf cUth¡Ftâšiy.” ï‹iwa fšÉ¤â£l« vG¤j¿î, bjhÊš m¿î v‹gt‰iw khzt®fS¡F C£Ltijna

ãujhd neh¡fkhf¡ bfh©LŸsJ. kÅj‹ kÅj¤j‹ikfisíila, kÅj¥g©òŸs, kÅjdhf; M‹Äf¤ij ts®¤J cy»aYl‹ ïiz¤J; cy»aš thœ¡ifia¢ ÓU« br«ikí« Ãiwªj, mnjntis CHšfis¡ fisªJ öŒik¥gL¤j¥g£l mwbe¿ thœ¡ifahf ky®¢á bgw, cjî« xG¡f¡fšÉ, ï‹iwa khzt®fS¡F cldo¤ njitahf cŸsJ v‹gij cz®ªJ ÉiuªJ bra‰gLnthkhf. M‹Äf ey« fh¥ngh«; thœÉš mikâí« ï‹gK« fh©ngh«.

khkd;wj;jpd; mQ;ryp mkuh; rpt= itj;jP];tuf; FUf;fs;

mkuh; rpt= rpjk;guehjf; FUf;fs;

“< oj; J r; r pjk; g uk; ” vdg;

,yq;ifapd; %j;j rpthr; rhupahUk;> jpUf;fzpj gQ;rhq;f ];jhgfUkhfpa rpt= rpjk;guehjf; FUf;fspd; kiwitapl;L mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wk; Mo;e;j tUj;jkilfpwJ. ,sikf;fhyj;jpNyNa irt Mfkq;fisf; fw;Wj;Nju;ej; Jld; gQ;rhq;ff; fzpgg; pYk; ghz;bj;jpak; ngw;W tpsq;fpdhu;. ,jd; nghUl;L 1970 fspypUe;J jpUf;fzpjg; gQ;rhq;fj;ij fzdpg; nghwpKiwapy; fzpjJ ; ntspaplL ; tUfpdw ; hu;. ,tu; jkpo>; rk];fpUjk;> Mq;fpyk; Mfpa nkhopfspy; ghz;bj;jpak; ngw;wpUe;jikahy; rpthfk E}y;fs; gytw;iw Mf;fp ntspapl;Ls;shu;. mj;Jld; rkaf; f pupiffspd; N ghJ cr; r upf; f g; g Lk; ke; j puj; j pd; nghUs;> mjdhy; mbatu;fSf;F Vw;gLk; gyhgyd;fs; ,tw; i wnay; y hk; mbahu; f Sf; F tpsf; f pf; $Wk; jpwik ngw;wpUe;jhu;. ,tu; Mfk KiwfspYk;> Md;kPf newpfspYk; Nrhjplf; fiyapYk;; ngw;w ghz;bj;jpaj;jhy; fyhG+\zk;> Ntjhfk Nrhjpl G+\zk;> rpthr;rhupa jpyfk; Mfpa gl;lq;fisg; ngw;Ws;shu;. ,th; mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wj;Jld; neUq;fpa cwtpidg; Ngzpte;jJld; mt;tg;NghJ khkd;wj;jpw;F Njitahd mwpTiufisAk; MfkuPjpahd njspTiufisAk; je;Jjtp te;Js;shh;. gpw;fhyj;jpy; jdJ Gjy;tdhfpa rpt= rp. n[fjP];tu ru;kh %yk; ,g;gzpfis khkd;wj;jpwF ; toq;Fk;gb nra;j ngUe;jif. md;dhuJ kiwT ,e;J r%fj;jpw;F <Lnra;a Kbahj Ngupog;ghFk;. md;dhuJ gpupthy; JaUw;wpUf;Fk; Gjy;td; n[fjP]t ; u ru;kh kw;Wk; FLk;g mq;fj;jtu;fSf;F ,e;J khkd;wk;; Mo; e ; j mDjhgq; f isj; njuptpg; g Jld; md; d hupd; Mj;kh ,iwab Nru vy;yhk; ty;y rptfhkp mk;ghs; rNkj = eluh[g; ngUkhdpd; mUis Ntz;Lfpd;wJ.

Nghw; w g; g Lk; fhiuefu; rptd; Nfhtpypy; Muk;gfhyk; njhlf;fk; gpujk rpthr; r hupahuhftpUe; J fle;j Vg;uy; khjj;jpy; jdJ 99tJ mfitapy; ,iwgjk; va;jpa rpt= f. itj;jP];tuf;FUf;fis mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wk; kpFe;j ftiyAld; epidT $Ufpdw ; J. ,tu; jdJ tho;ehs; KOtJk; ,iwgzpNahL Md;kPf kw;Wk; rkag;gzpfisAk; Kd;dpd;W Nkw;nfhz;l ngUe;jifahthu;. <oj;jpy; kl;Lky;y jkpo; ehl;bYk; ngau; ngw;W tpsq;fpdhu;. 1916Mk; Mz;L gpwe;j itj;j] P t ; uf;FUf;fs; 1940,y; jdJ Mrpupag; g zpapid nfhOk; G tpNtfhde; j h fy;Y}upapy; Muk;gpj;jhu;. aho;. jpUney;Ntyp Mrpupau; gapw;rpf; fy;Y}upapy; jdJ gapw;rpia Kbj;j rpthr;rhupahu; mtu;fs; 1970,y; Mrpupau; njhopypy; ,Ue;J Xa;Tngw;W Md;kPfg;gzpfspy; KONeukhf <Lgl;l hu;. 1940,y; fhiuefu; rptd; Nfhapypy; kzpthrfu; rigia epWtp rkaj; j pw; F mUk; g zpahw; w pdhu; . rk]; f pUjj; j pYk; jkpopYk; rkfhyj;jpy; ghz;bj;jpak; ngw;w rpthr;rhupahu; gy rka E}y;fisAk; Mf;fpAs;shu;. ,tuJ fy;tpgG; yikf;fhf 1995Mk; Mz;L fk;gd; fofj;jhy; “%jwpQu;” gl;lKk; 2001Mk; Mz;L aho; gy;fiyf;fofj;jhy; “fyhepjp” gl;lKk; toq;fpf; nfsutpf;fg;gl;lhu;. ,e; J khkd; w j; J ld; neUq; f pa njhlu; g pidg; Ngzpte;j rpthr;rhupahu; mt;tg;NghJ khkd;wj;jpw;Fj; Njitahd mwpTiufisAk; MNyhridfisAk; toq;fp te;j ngUkfdhthu;. md; d hupd; ,og; G irt cyFf; F <Lnra; a KbahjjhFk;. rka tsu;r;rpf;Fk; Md;kPfg; gzpfSf;Fk; jd; i d mu; g ; g zpj; j ,g; ngUe; j if fhiuefu; Re;jNu];tug; ngUkhdpd; ghjq;fspy; epue;ju Ngupdg; j;ij mila Ntz;b khkd;wk; gpuhu;j;jpf;fpd;wJ. ïªJ xË

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

Review of the compendium for Hindus on the 5th of April at Saraswathy Hall, Bambalapitiya by the chairman; Northern Development Foundation Mr. Kanaganayagam Kanag-Isvaran P.C. A Compendium to guide future generations on the righteous path of Hindu Worship and Practices

Hinduism is an old faith, probably the oldest. Its strength

“A Compendium for Hindus” the publication of All Ceylon Hindu Congress under the able and professional guidance of my dear friend Kandiah Neelakandan, as its President, has presented in the English language. The quintessential wisdom of Hinduism in a volume constituting some 450 pages only distilled and packaged in a digestible form among others most abstruse philosophy of Saiva Siddhantam, attractively interspersed with the colour photographs of the popular Hindu deities of the Tamils. The religious journey through the pages of this splendid volume, follows a well planned, carefully planned path – accentuating religious practices, in a manner so as not to overwhelm a modern English educated reader here and most importantly in the diasporic audience, and to Hindus and others not as familiar with the Tamil language, as the locals. However, in order not to be lost in translation, the Tamil original is also presented. The contents are divided, not into chapters – but “Modes” in keeping with its objective and purpose.

lies in its inseparable alliance with philosophy. It is a faith that inquiries. Dogmas do not dominate. The fabulous world of Hinduism is astonishingly wide in range; besides religion, philosophy, yoga, art, music, architecture, history and mythology, it also deals in fascinating details with scores of other Subjects. A religious tradition that has produced in every age seers, saints and sages must have in it a vitality that defies the challenge of time and a precious legacy which humanity cannot ignore. Hinduism which has been constantly renewing itself in the lives and teachings of master-minds cannot become obsolete or out of date. Nevertheless, today with the rapid advance of globalization the threat of extinction of our cultural and religious heritage might seem probable. Therefore, while modernization and industrialization remain urgent issues, it is at the same time essential to preserve and transmit our traditional cultural and religious values. Our beliefs determine our thoughts and attitudes about life, which in turn direct our actions. By our actions we create our destiny. Beliefs about sacred matters-God, soul and cosmos are essentials to one's approach to life. Hindus believe in many diverse things, but these are the bedrock concepts on which we all concur. We have heard comments that our culture and religious traditions and practices are old fashioned; that they hold back progress and that we should forget about them and adopt new ways of life. But those who so proclaim little realize that it is what we hold sacred, the beliefs we hold sacrosanct, the religious practices we engage in, which gives order and meaning to our social, political, economic, aesthetic and religious norms. It is the determining factor which distinguish our people from our neighbours. The challenge therefore is to preserve our culture and religion by practicing them and make them part of our lives. The book I am called upon to review, meets this challenge most admirably. ïªJ xË

Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 5 Mode 6 Mode 7 Mode 8

Modes of Worship Way of Living Way of Functioning Ways of Fasting Ways of observing duties to the dead Incidents of taboo Nature of Philosophy Religious Songs "Thirumuraikal"

The compilers and in particular Mrs. Thilaka Wijayarathnam and the publications deserve our wholehearted support and appreciation for the effort that has gone into this work. Generations of Hindus to come should be proud that their forefathers have left for them a Compendium to guide them on the righteous path of Hindu worship and practices. I wish this publication every success it deserves. 34

k‹kj tUl« á¤âiu - itfhá

SHIVA LIGAMS

In Karnataka, India the river Shikri water has dried up or the first time in the history and thousands of Shiva Lingams were seen under water. Lingam is worshipped by Hindus and full of mysteries dating back to ancient times – aliens. The form of Shiva which Hindus are most familiar with, is the ‘Shiva Ling’ found in their temples. It represents Power and Energy. And it resembles a nuclear reactor! The Hindus equated the Lingam with Power (Nuclear Power?) The worship of Shiva Lingam was not confined to India only. Lingam was referred to ‘Prayapas’ by

ïªJ xË

the Romans who introduced the worship of Shiva Lingam to European countries. The statutes of Shiva Lingams were found in the archeological findings in Babylon, a city of ancient Mesopotamia. Further, the archeological findings in in Harappa-Mohanjo-daro, which yielded numerous Shiva Lingam statutes, have disclosed the existence of a highly evolved culture long before the Ariyan’s immigration. Ancient stone carvings, such as these from the Vijayanagara Empire of India, suggest that aliens visited Earth hundreds of years ago. Courtesy : Web site

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A Compendium for Hindus

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rka tho;tpd; gy;NtW ,yf;Ffis miltjw;F cjTk; Nahfnewp 29

M‹Äf« - bghUŸ És¡f«

Review of the compendium for Hindus

Shiva ligams

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