T HE 2 018 GUIDE T O S A FE T Y FOR CON S T RUC T ION EQUIP MEN T O W NERS An AC Business Media Supplement, 2018
New Construction Technologies
POSE NEW RISKS While technologies can improve construction activities, they also pose cyber risks to protecting “borderless” jobsites 4
5 Safety Best Practices to Prevent Accidents 8
Wearable Device Supports Safety Culture 12
Top Safety Products 24
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TRAININ
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PREPARE TO PERFORM
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Access training resources now: Bobcat.com/Training1
Bobcat is a Doosan company. Doosan is a global leader in construction equipment, power and water solutions, engines, and engineering, proudly serving customers and communities for more than a century. Bobcat ®, the Bobcat logo and the colors of the Bobcat machine are registered trademarks of Bobcat Company in the United States and various other countries. ©2018 Bobcat Company. All rights reserved. | 61584
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T H E 2 018 GUIDE T O S A F E T Y F O R CO N S T R U C T IO N E Q UIP M E N T O W N E R S
Editor’s note: The material presented in Construction Zone Safety 2018 a supplement to Rental, Equipment Today and Concrete Contractor magazines, relating to the safer use of specified items of equipment, has been compiled by the staffs of the aforementioned publications.
F E AT UR E S
4 Cover Story
Beware of cyber risks on “borderless” jobsites.
8 JLG Advertorial
How safety improvements stand to benefit everyone.
10 Trailers
Safe hauling practices.
12 Today’s Technology
Wearable device supports safety culture.
16 Compact Equipment Training to enhance safety on the jobsite.
18 Attachments
How one highway contractor got the job done safely and quickly with vacuum lifting equipment.
20 On the Job Three ways to improve jobsite productivity and safety.
21 Looking Forward Four ways construction safety could change in 2018 and beyond.
22 Employee Matters Marijuana use and its effects on a safe work environment.
24 Safety Products
This material is intended to provide general safety guidelines to equipment owners on how to impart safer operating techniques to their customers and staff. Only the fundamentals of safety are discussed herein. The manufacturers’ operating and servicing instructions will always take precedence and must be consulted for specific equipment operation, application and maintenance. Under no circumstances should Construction Zone Safety 2018 be used as an exclusive source of information on the use or maintenance of equipment. Operators must study current manuals, operating instructions and maintenance procedures provided by manufacturers, regulatory agencies and national, state and local codes, laws and ordinances. Rental, Equipment Today and Concrete Contractor disclaim any warranty or merchantability or fitness, either expressed or implied, for any use, regarding any of the items of equipment referred to in Construction Zone Safety 2018. Rental, Equipment Today and Concrete Contractor expressly disclaim liability of any loss, damage, injury or cost incurred (including attorney fees) through the use, operation or maintenance of equipment discussed in Construction Zone Safety 2018. Each company accepting this supplement to Rental, Equipment Today and Concrete Contractor agrees to the foregoing and promises to make use of the information herein in the manner so specified. Each company accepting this supplement further agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless Rental, Equipment Today and Concrete Contractor, their editorial sources and advertisers from any loss, damage, expense, or cost (including attorney fees) arising from the use of this material.
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C O V E R S T OR Y By Jessica Lombardo, contributing editor
New Construction Technologies
POSE NEW RISKS
While technologies like the Internet of Things and wearable devices can improve construction activities, they also pose cyber risks to protecting these “borderless” jobsites
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echnology has expanded the way we work. We can now share data instantaneously, which both improves our productivity and expands the challenges we deal with daily. With the steady progression of the Internet of Things (IoT) and other technologies, job practices such as virtual design and the virtual sharing of plans are becoming the norm. As construction companies increasingly incorporate and rely on new technology, jobsite risks are expanding. This means there are risks that can’t be seen at the physical location — such as cyber risks — which is why the term borderless jobsite should start to resonate with contractors. With these new challenges, it’s more important than ever for risk managers to broaden their thinking around risks that could impact a jobsite and develop a plan that protects both its physical and digital presence.
Unseen risks Where has technology infiltrated your jobsite? That is what contractors need to think about when investigating potential cyber risks. Virtual design and project mapping is allowing more collaboration in a faster way. Using technology, partners can conveniently work together from any location on the design elements for a project long before construction begins. However, because information is stored digitally, it can be vulnerable to hackers. “To help contractors protect sensitive information, we suggest limiting the number of employees and partners who can access the material, making sure passwords are strong and secure, implementing a multi-tier sign-on process and establishing a backup kept at a different location that tracks changes to documents,” Bob 4
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Kreuzer, vice president, “In some cases, there risk control at Travelers might be a less experienced Insurance says. employee on site wearing Many jobsites and this technology and doing buildings also have techthe work with a more expenology that enables off-site rienced person in an office users to turn on lights, watching remotely and procontrol temperatures and viding recommendations and utilize water sensors and instructions. While this is ceralarm systems. This can tainly convenient, the person pose potential threats as in the office isn’t experiencwell. ing the tasks with all senses, “During the construcwhich might make giving tion phase, there are many advice or direction riskier. — Bob Kreuzer , vice president, risk control at Travelers Insurance people coming in and out “And like with other forms of the site, which could creof technology we’ve menate an opportunity for tampering (for example, tioned, wearable devices can also be vulnerable disabling smoke alarms or heating systems),” to hacking or malfunctions. We are working with Kreuzer says. “These technologies may also be our construction customers to test a variety of vulnerable to hacking after completion of a projwearable devices, and with that work, we hope ect. Helping owners understand these risks and to not only identify wearable devices that can what protective mechanisms have been installed reduce the risk of injury but also better underis an important component of turning a project stand the settings where they could have the over to the owner.” greatest impact on safety. While all of the potential risks associated with Threats from wearable tech using wearables on the jobsite are still largely When used properly, wearable technolounknown, they could involve risk of a cybergy can help improve the quality of work and the attack, creating a false sense of security leading safety of employees on construction sites, but if to bodily injury, or the technology may not be a company is investigating wearable technology, able to sustain certain construction environment there are additional risks to consider. challenges. “We are starting to see contractors test dif“In regard to cyber risks, if information is not ferent types of devices like smart glasses or properly secured and a breach occurs, sensitive proximity sensors,” Kreuzer says. “Before using information may be in jeopardy,” Kreuzer adds. any of these new wearable tools, it’s important to “It is important to keep virtually stored informatrain everyone who may be using them so they tion safe and protected. It’s also a good idea for understand how these tools work, how they can businesses to make sure they are working with benefit them and how to avoid problems that can someone that has cyber expertise to help implearise while they are in use. ment other controls as well.”
“During the construction phase, there are many people coming in and out of the site, which could create an opportunity for tampering.”
“Knowing what steps to follow after a breach is crucial and can help minimize the damage. Having a plan in place before an incident occurs, and updating that plan as needed, is key.” — Tim Francis, enterprise cyber lead at Travelers Insurance CONSTRUCTION ZONE SAFE T Y 2018
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C O V E R S T OR Y
DON’T FORGET TRADITIONAL RISKS While cyber risks are a new concern for contractors, it’s important to remember that more traditional risks — public safety, fire, water and theft — are still a major threat for businesses. “In our view, those will likely always be at the top of the list to consider when it comes to keeping the jobsite safe and secure,” Kreuzer says. “We still see losses resulting from fire, water and theft around the country. Because many of these issues can be prevented if proper safety precautions are taken, it’s critical for managers to provide new employees with an overview of physical work site threats, as well as the proper protocol for addressing them.”
Buildings under construction face a higher risk of fire, such as from hot work A written plan that or allowing smoking within the building, includes operations and many of these buildings do not have the full fire-suppression systems (sprinmanagement and kler systems) in place. Other causes of fire include the use of torches for cutting, fire protocols should soldering, roof work, blazing and welding. A written plan that includes operations be implemented and management and fire protocols should be strictly enforced. implemented and strictly enforced. “Recently, we have also seen contractors activate the fire-suppression systems as the building progresses, providing increased fire protection earlier in the construction sequence,” Kreuzer says. “This type of proactive approach can set contractors apart from those that are following more traditional, and what I would call basic, protections.” When it comes to water damage, conducting regular quality control testing and periodic inspections of the work and the materials will help reduce the likelihood of an incident, such as a burst pipe. Lastly, theft, vandalism and unauthorized entry are still major risks on the job. Thieves often target sites with materials they can quickly sell. Establishing barriers to prevent access to the jobsite is one common defense. This can be done by installing full-perimeter fencing, locked gates and interior/exterior lighting. Intrusion detection systems, such as motion detectors at gates and other points of entry, are great tools to help businesses stay aware of what’s happening on site. 6
Preventing a breach It is clear there are many risks associated with technology, so how can a construction contractor counteract these potential risks? Business decision-makers need a strong understanding of what their cyber risks are and how they can be managed. This will allow them to communicate dangers with employees and fully integrate the company and its employees in behaviors that help limit risks. Every company is different, but members of a business’s leadership team are typically involved in creating these steps. It’s a good idea to involve IT in the decision-making on how to help protect the company and in planning business strategies to protect from potential cyber-attacks, but do not leave decisionmaking solely to them. “Knowing what steps to follow after a breach is crucial and can help minimize the damage, Tim Francis, enterprise cyber lead at Travelers Insurance says. “Having a plan in place before an incident occurs, and updating that plan as needed, is key. However, that plan won’t be any good if employees aren’t aware of the risks and informed of safety protocols, so educating them is just as critical.” Creating the proper safeguards — such as the use of firewalls, antivirus technology and intrusion detection systems — can help prevent an attack from happening, but breaches can occur even with preventive measures in place. Companies would benefit from also having systems in place in the event something does happen. This can include insurance policies to manage financial risks and a crisis communications plan for internal and external parties. While technology can be a great thing, it also has the potential to be detrimental to a construction business. Maybe now is a good time to talk to an insurance agent, an insurance company or someone who offers risk management services about your company’s potential exposures and how to best address them. ●
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M A N A GE ME N T F O C U S
How to Prevent Construction Accidents:
Safety Best Practices That Can Help 1
lFollow your company’s safety program. ever operate machinery under the N influence of drugs or alcohol. Be aware and alert to any potential hazards in your specific working condition. Participate in all required training.
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t has been said, “We are what we repeatedly do.” Workers do not purposely disregard safety rules and warnings, but it is easy to get distracted, to become complacent, even with training. Technology aids are great, and product engineers work hard to design out hazards, but safety awareness is the greatest protection against accidents. Making safety a habit, every day, requires self-discipline. Know the hazards involved. Be disciplined about using the equipment correctly, and understanding and following all safety requirements, all the time. Following good safety practices protects not only equipment operators, but also everyone who works in their proximity, so they all can go home safely after their job is done. While operator safety is paramount, a safe jobsite is also a more efficient and productive one: less downtime from accidents and fewer repair costs from improper machine usage and maintenance. The following five safety guidelines may seem basic, but they help ensure safe operating practices every day, says the Association of Equipment Manufacturers (AEM), which relays safety-trends information through its CONEXPO-CON/AGG 365 initiative and extensive array of safety and training materials.
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lKnow important safety alerts and signal words posted in your work area or on the equipment you operate. The following words have significant differences in their meaning for safety: Danger. Warning. Caution. Notice. If you’re not sure of what a certain safety alert or signal means, ask a supervisor or safety professional.
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lProtect yourself.
4
lKnow the rules.
5
lKnow the equipment.
Wear all necessary personal protective equipment (PPE). Hard hats, gloves, safety glasses and boots may be required in order to operate machinery safely.
Most employers have rules governing equipment use and maintenance. Before you start work, check with your supervisor or safety coordinator and be sure about the rules you’ll be expected to obey.
Make sure you understand the capabilities and hazards of the equipment you’ll be operating. Read the owner’s manuals, safety literature and any other resources made available to you. ●
earn more at L www.conexpoconagg.com/subscribe and www.aem.org (safety & technical).
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T R A IL E R S
SAFE
HAULING PRACTICES
Be careful as you venture out on the road to transport your equipment from job to job
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s you venture out on the road, hauling your equipment from job to job, it’s worth being reminded about the importance of safety. “I have a wife and kids out on the road,” Ryan Kral, Towmaster parts and service manager exclaims, “and I want people to be safe when they are using a trailer of any kind.” With that said, we sat down with Kral and asked him what he would suggest people do to be safe with a trailer. “The first thing I would do is make sure you read the VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) tag, as that will tell you how much weight you can legally haul on your trailer,” he states. “Then from there, pay close attention. The next thing you need to do is make sure the tow vehicle can tow that load. Hook the trailer up and make sure the safety chains are attached, the hitch is locked down, and most importantly, that the electric brake safety cable is properly attached to the vehicle, not to the safety chains.” There are a lot of things to keep in mind as you prepare for hauling equipment, such as making sure your tires are properly inflated, not exceeding the speed the tires are rated for, and ensuring the lug nuts are tight and then rechecking them often. Electrical connections, trailer lights, and electric brakes are the other items that need to be checked each time you hook up. “Properly loading the trailer is another area of safety concern,” Kral continues. “Where the weight is distributed over the axles makes a huge difference on how that trailer is controlled by the tow vehicle. You need to make sure that you have between 10% and 20% of the GVWR of the trailer and load on the tow vehicle hitch. If there is not enough weight transferred to the tow hitch, the trailer will have a tendency to sway. In fact, it’s better to have a little too much weight transferred than not enough.”
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The best way to distribute the weight of the equipment on a trailer is to put most of it over the axles with a little just ahead of the axles. If you are hauling a skid steer with a bucket, and also an attachment, know how much that equipment weighs, place the attachment in front of the skid steer far enough so that you can move the skid steer accordingly to get the weight properly distributed over the axles. “Finally, make sure you chain each piece of equipment to the trailer at four opposing positions at four tie-down points across from each other,” Kral explains. “You shouldn’t run a chain through two points and only use one binder. That may not be legal.” Speaking of legalities, each state has its own laws regarding hauling equipment and weight limits. Make sure you check your local laws for hauling equipment and using a trailer. Some of the other things to keep in mind when loading or unloading equipment are making sure you are on level ground, that the loading zone is open and clear, and the trailer is attached to the vehicle. Make sure the tow vehicle parking brake is set and use wheel chocks as necessary. Using a trailer and hauling equipment isn’t hard, you just need to keep safety in mind as you go down the road. We all want to go home to our families at the end of the day. ● Information provided by Towmaster Trailers
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T OD AY ’S T E C HN OL O G Y By Nathan Medcalf, contributing editor
Wearable Device STOPS FALSE CLAIM AND SUPPORTS SAFETY CULTURE
T KBE Building uses wearables to sense fall risks and measure other safety data to create a safer work environment.
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riax’s Spot-r safety system is a mobile techand to make the field team aware of employees nology that almost immediately improved falling or jumping on the jobsite. safety and profit on KBE Building Corp.’s “With some of the low-height falls, at first you projects. don’t know if they’re jumping or falling,” says “In the 60 days since we implemented Spot-r, Peters. The Spot-r Clip identifies a quick change in we have already stopped three conditions where elevation greater than 2 ft. employees were jumping up and down heights “OSHA doesn’t allow anyone to access areas more than 19 in., and they were immediatethat have a change in elevation of more than 19 in. ly corrected,” says Adam Peters, corporate safety without stairs, a ladder or a ramp. If it picks up that director at KBE Building Corp. (KBE). a person fell, it could be that they are jumping off It can be difficult to measure the successes of a foundation wall or a loading dock because there a safety program in construction. “At KBE, safeisn’t a safer way up or down in place. When this ty starts at the top with our owner. happens, our team becomes alertOwner buy-in is critical for the ed to it via the Spot-r dashboard success of a safety department,” and notifications. Then we can go Peters states. “Educating your investigate and fix the condition,” people, giving them the authorPeters explains. ity to implement your program, Spot-r works over a proprieand putting in place all the contary mesh network designed for trols you can to eliminate risk is the construction environment. the next step toward success. This The network works independentis how you establish a companyly of WiFi and cuts through tough wide culture of employees who building materials to keep a spebelieve in your safety program cific site connected throughout the Developed for worker safety, and know the importance of safety project. the wearable Spot-r Clip detects at the jobsites. Developed as a safety sensor, worker falls and sends automatic “We feel at KBE we have some the wearable Spot-r Clip detects location-based alerts to supervisors, so help can be sent quickly. of the best field people and projworker falls and sends automatic ects in the business, so Triax was location-based alerts to superviour next step toward eliminating risk and continusors so help can be dispatched quickly. Workers ing to have some of the safest sites in the industry,” can also use a push-button on the bottom of the he adds. device to alert supervisors to an unsafe condition, non-fall injury or other issue. Sensor tracks safety automatically The system does not rely on GPS for location, a KBE invested in the Spot-r safety system early fact that improves its jobsite performance and can in 2018. It monitors worker and equipment locaencourage worker acceptance. The mesh network tion, activity and safety on the jobsite using sensors maximizes visibility to devices on site and can’t worn by workers or tagged onto equipment. The identify sensors outside that network, so workers’ contractor’s goal was to help eliminate false claims privacy is protected when they’re not on the job.
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The system also helps automate manual processes, such as paper timesheets and visual safety checks, so managers like Peters can spend less time compiling and analyzing data and more time acting on it. When an incident is identified, KBE coaches the individual involved on the expected behavior and then has them sign a written warning. “We expect a trickle-down effect. The entire crew should learn from the incident, then there will be a culture change,” says Peters. “But it starts with recognizing the condition and then educating the employees of what the hazard was.”
Data combats fraud and speeds response The Spot-r dashboard not only alerts managers to safety issues on site but creates an objective record of safety incidents, including weather and worker certification information retrieved from the system’s database. The digital record of safety is helpful should a claim arise and can be used to combat potentially fraudulent claims. Peters said KBE eliminated one false claim at the Brandon Avenue Upper Class Housing project at the University of Virginia. “We had a subcontractor’s employee come in and say he fell and hurt his back
while he was working on site the day before,” Peters notes. “We went to the dashboard to check and it showed no fall. So when we went to have a conversation with him and his employer and showed the data, he admitted that he had not fallen at this project and had actually hurt himself at home.” Peters also appreciates the value the system brings to handling emergency evacuations of jobsites. “Our field team can activate the devices of all employees on site in case of an emergency, notifying them to get into emergency evacuation mode,” says Peters. “Not only is this a great way to alert them to get out of the building, but we also know who, if anyone, is left in the building via the dashboard. This information can be so helpful for emergency responders — not only knowing how many people might be in the building, but also what zone they are located in. This is huge for the construction industry.” “Triax has come a long way. I’m their No. 1 fan. I know the company will do well, and I believe in the people that are doing it. It seems like they’re constantly developing something new for the devices to perform. I’m glad KBE started using the product, and I can’t wait to see what they have to offer in two to three years.” ●
The Triax Spot-r system helps automate manual processes, such as paper time sheets or visual safety checks, so managers such as Adam Peters, corporate safety director at KBE Building, can spend less time compiling and analyzing data and more time acting on it.
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A MESSAGE FROM JLG INDUSTRIES, INC.
EVERYONE WINS When It Comes To Safety Improvements
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t JLG, we continually strive to make our operations and the equipment we manufacture safe. This supports our core belief that everyone deserves to leave work each day in the same condition in which they arrived. When it comes to JLG products, the emphasis on safety begins at the design engineering phase and transcends through our manufacturing and test facilities to ensure the highest of safety standards are maintained. Self-governance is critical throughout our organization; however, we also adhere to the Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (MEWPs) regulations for North, South and Central America, developed and published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Changes to A92.20 are expected to be published in the coming months and have been the catalyst of much discussion within the equipment industry. Equipment manufacturers will have one year from the date of publication to incorporate the required changes into their aerial products and training materials. As the industry leader, JLG was first to market with a number of product safety enhancements, many of which we anticipate will be incorporated into the new standard. Changes to A92.20 are expected to include: • SUSTAINED INVOLUNTARY OPERATION: Hand-operated controls in the platform will be required to protect against sustained involuntary operation. This will result in additional protection systems at platform controls. • LOAD SENSING: Machines will be required to actively monitor load 14
and interrupt normal operations and sound an alarm if overloaded. This will result in new systems to monitor platform loads. • WIND FORCE REQUIREMENTS: To be rated for outdoor use, machines will need to meet stability requirements that include 28-mph winds. This may require reduced platform capacities and/or increased weight for additional stability. • PNEUMATIC TIRE REQUIREMENTS: Stability considerations for failure of pneumatic tires will be added. As a result, many machines will only be available with solid and/or foamfilled tires. • TILT SENSING REQUIREMENTS: Machines that could previously only operate on level surfaces will be used on slopes but are required to have a tilt sensor alarm and function cutout. The system will disable boom and drive functions if the incline surpasses the slope limit. • ENTRANCE GATES: Flexible devices, like chains, will no longer acceptable entrance gates, and toe boards will be required on all areas of the platform. • PLATFORM RAILINGS: The railing height requirement will be raised for small indoor scissor lifts. To fit through standard doorways, folding rails will replace fixed, non-folding rails on select models.
We are proud that JLG MEWPs currently include: SkyGuard®, JLG’s enhanced control panel protection system as standard equipment on all booms, foam-filled or solid tires on all MEWPs and scissors equipped with selfclosing gates and toe boards, many with fold down rails. Our focus on safety doesn’t stop when a machines ships. A strong emphasis on operator training is supported through a full range of training opportunities at our Training Center and Proving Grounds in McConnellsburg, PA or at the job site. In addition to product changes, JLG expects familiarization and training requirements to be updated as part of the new ANSI standard. Training requirements on the machines are expected to expand to cover not only operators, but also occupants. Supervisors will likely be required to receive training on MEWP selection, applicable rules and regulations, potential product hazards and knowledge of the operator’s manual. Safety and safe machine operation must always be a priority. While the new ANSI standard will bring a number of changes to the way aerial equipment business is conducted, it’s important to keep in mind the focused intent—improved safety. And when it comes to safety improvements, everyone wins. JLG will continue to be the MEWP industry leader through continuous product improvement, innovating new technologies and enhanced training programs that keep workers out of harm’s way. ● For more information, visit jlg.com/ANSI.
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STAY INFORMED. STAY CONFIDENT.
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C OMPA C T E Q UIP ME N T
Incorporating
Safety
On the Jobsite
Educational training can maximize efficiency and keep operators safe
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hen it comes to operating compact equipment, safety should be at the forefront of every stakeholder’s mind, including business owners, managers and the operators themselves. Those who know and understand how to safely use equipment have the ability to work faster and more efficiently, leading to better overall performance and profitability. Knowing how to properly use compact equipment can also help reduce the risk of injury to operators or others on jobsites. Building a safety mindset requires a shared responsibility at all levels, proper training, daily integration, continuous improvement and positive reinforcement. A safety culture starts with management and operational staff members who treat safety and health as an investment, not a cost, and who value as well as demonstrate model behaviors. Also, employees who know how to properly use their equipment and follow manufacturers’ recommendations are more likely to use more safely and efficiently.
“Educating your operators on machine capabilities and safe operation is paramount to minimizing risks on the jobsite,” says Shawn Warkenthien, director of product safety for Bobcat Company. “The amount of money you invest in safety education and training can reap dividends in increased performance and profitability… not to mention the decreased negative consequences of a careless work environment – injuries, insurance claims, lost revenue or even worse.” Safety is always being refined and continuously improved upon, so dedicating time and resources will help strengthen areas as well as define strategies that can positively impact safety performance. Positive reinforcement – by celebrating and acknowledging efforts – is another key aspect that goes hand-in-hand with continuous improvement. Knowing how a machine works, realizing a machine’s capabilities and limitations, and exercising appropriate behavior inside and around the machine can help minimize the risk of accidents.
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Some universal guidelines that can be used for all compact machines include: • Consult the Operation & Maintenance Manual before operating any type of compact equipment. • Follow instructions on machine safety signs to avoid situations that can cause serious injuries or even death. • Wear tight-fitting clothing that cannot get caught on working components or controls inside and outside of the machine. • Always face the machine when getting in, and grab handles and use steps that are provided for a three-point contact. • Fasten the seatbelt. • Pay attention to warning lights and gauges. • Never attempt to start the engine or operate the controls from outside the machine. • Look to the rear first before backing up and check each side before swinging or turning the machine.
• Run at a low speed until the operator is comfortable with using the machine. • Never allow riders on the machine. • Keep all body parts inside the machine while it is running. • Be aware of jobsite traffic patterns or potential hazards. • Make sure proper ventilation is provided if working in an enclosed area or building. • Move slowly uphill or downhill, with the heaviest part of the machine uphill. (When loaders are empty, the heaviest part may be the rear of the machine.) • Avoid sudden stops or turns; steep slopes or drop-offs; rocks; culverts and stumps. • Stop the machine on level ground when finished on a jobsite. Always lower the booms, lift arms, buckets and attachments before exiting the machine. • Engage the parking brake and stop the engine before leaving the unit with the three-point exit strategy. An owners’ manual is the ideal source for equipment information, but manufacturers like Bobcat Company offer operator training kits and safety videos, in both English and Spanish, designed to improve safety and productivity for their machines. Bobcat operator training kits can be obtained by contacting your local Bobcat dealer or visiting Bobcat.com/train. Incorporating safety on the jobsite can help employees experience not only increased health and safety, but also increased pride in their work. “According to research done by the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), a commitment to a safety culture almost always leads to better employee safety and health, less hazardous working conditions, lower workers’ compensation and other insurance costs, improved productivity and efficiency, enhanced employee morale and reduced turnover,” Warkenthien says. “Visible ownership/management commitment to safety also facilitates more trusting relationships between management and employees.” Customers also tend to notice operator safety as well. Being safe presents a favorable impression that can go a long way toward promoting a business. Building and maintaining a safety culture is something all managers and operators should strive for and is a commitment well worth making. ●
Incorporating safety on the jobsite can help employees experience not only increased health and safety, but also increased pride in their work
Information provided by Bobcat Co. CONSTRUCTION ZONE SAFE T Y 2018
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AT TA C HME N T S
HIGHWAY CONTRACTOR BUILDS MOMENTUM with Vacuum Lifting on Pavement Rehab
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ersatility is key for highway contractors in charge of navigating an array of worksite variables that revolve around lane closures, time restrictions, the staging of materials and use of construction equipment. Duit Construction Company applied its multifaceted approach to safely, increasing momentum during a recent pavement rehabilitation project that included a decaying mile-long stretch of Interstate 40 in Oklahoma City. For Duit, the best outcome hinged on good timing to keep workers and motorists safe, the flow of traffic moving and construction delays to a minimum while resurfacing 22,000 sq. ft. of a six-lane road. “It was a bad stretch of road,” said Jacy Messer, concrete superintendent with Duit, noting that about half, or 11,000 sq. ft. of the aggregate was repaired – and the rest replaced – over the course of a six-month campaign segmented into weekly milestones. Originally, the Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) had planned on Duit pulling slabs and pouring back in the same night. However, Duit’s plan, Messer said, called for the manufacture of approximately 200 precast concrete panels, which were used by the contractor to create new sections of temporary roadway on weeknights as dilapidated materials were removed. The strategy called for a technology-driven solution that could expedite the process of lifting badly worn concrete slabs without causing damage to the subgrade. Duit’s answer was to employ two Vacuworx Octapads, operating in conjunction with Vacuworx RC 10 vacuum lifters and CAT 336 excavators, to extract the 15-ft. long by 12-ft.-wide slabs which were cut into four 2,500-lb. pieces. The Octapad, with a lifting capacity of 11,888 lbs., includes eight flat pads with individual vacuum values that can be shut off when directly over a crack, pothole or area of the slab that is too damaged
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for lifting. The system is designed to completely remove slab from the roadbed, leaving the sub-base undisturbed for the subsequent patch pour. Turnaround times on repeatedly handling and re-handling the 7.5-ft.-long by 12-ft.- wide precast panels, which were installed and backfilled by Duit using an asphalt cold patch to close gaps and keep height tolerance levels within a half inch, were also decreased exponentially, Messer said. That was attributed to wireless remote operation and the ability to rotate materials 360 degrees, giving the operator an edge on safety and efficiency. The primary benefits associated with decreasing construction project times include a reduction in traffic delays and fewer collisions associated with construction-related accidents. Messer, comparing the contractor’s experience with the Octapad to conventional “pin and feather” technique, said that the vacuum lifter reduced the time to pull slabs by a third because no drills, jackhammers or slab buckets were required. “The road was extremely deteriorated with cracks everywhere,” he said. “A lot of times there would be a crack inside one of the pieces. With a trackhoe bucket scooping out the concrete, you risk disturbing the subgrade. For us, there was no subgrade work at all. All we would have to do is shut down two or four of the eight pads and pull out a chunk at a time.” A customized quick coupling bucket system and fast-attach hoses helped hasten set up and tear down times on the lifting equipment, turning what used to take an hour into a five-minute job. “We were doing about 150 cubic yards of concrete every day, or 500 to 600 per week,” Messer said. “Without the vacuum lifter, you’d be lucky to remove 50 cubic yards per night. ● Information provided by Vacuworx
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O N T HE JOB
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TO IMPROVE JOBSITE PRODUCTIVITY AND SAFETY
Technology is helping contractors gather data at the jobsite to make more informed decisions, improving productivity, safety and the bottom line. So which technologies are deemed some of the hottest on the jobsite now? Industry insiders point to drones, lasers and wearables, to name a few.
Lasers and digital technologies improve quality, reduce waste While both laser and digital tools have been available for some time, widespread availability and lower entrance price points are making their precision available to a growing number in the workforce. “From laser levels and layout guides to laser measurers, new tools are coming on the market that are more precise and affordable,” says Russ Gardner of Calculated Industries. “Now, measurements can be accurate to one thousandth of an inch or a degree, helping improve quality and reduce material waste,” he added. Equipping employees with such tools will help them build better and faster, and taking a systematic approach to planned replacement of existing old technology with the new technology can be a cost-effective approach.
Drones improve speed, precision Drones are becoming more familiar on the jobsite. Construction is one of the industries that is anticipated to see the largest drone spending this year, according to International Data Corporation (IDC). “Drones allow companies to survey the work site, improving the speed and precision of their projects,” says Ryan Liss of Explorer Software. “Drone usage allows quick and accurate inspections in areas that are difficult to see.” Today, drones can be outfitted to mark global positioning system (GPS) locations or take an infrared picture of a concrete wall to examine possible defects. This allows construction companies to more accurately see projects, plan accordingly and quickly adjust as the project moves forward.
Wearables improve employee safety Wearable technology can increase both the safety and security of construction workers along with their efficiency. This technology is becoming more common on the jobsite, as price points begin to drop, and implementation and training become more affordable and faster. Ryan Liss points to vests that can detect a worker’s temperature and cool them down when needed or a boot that detects when a worker slips and falls. Another example is wearable technology with biometric systems that track heart rate to help companies prevent worker exhaustion. As the scope of wearable technology rapidly increases, “companies will have to first identify what it is they want a technology to improve on the jobsite and then determine which technology is right for them,” Liss says.
he Association of Equipment Manufacturers (AEM) provided an overview through CONEXPO-CON/AGG T 365 online. Learn more at http://www.conexpoconagg.com/subscribe/. 20
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L O OK IN G F OR WA R D By Tom Moverman
4 WAYS CONSTRUCTION SAFETY Could Change In 2018 Integration of new technologies, changes in data collection, new training requirements and an increased focus on resiliency will all have an effect on the construction industry this year
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ndustry in general is changing rapidly as technology continues to progress. In construction, new technology is being used not just to boost profits, but also to improve safety in one of the world’s most dangerous fields. Through 2018, we can expect to see several changes in construction safety, both in regards to new technology as well as better safety training. Here are four top construction safety changes to watch out for:
Integration of new technologies There are several types of new technologies that have been slowly introduced to construction sites, and we expect some of these technologies to become more widespread in 2018. Wearable technology can help make jobsites safer by helping supervisors better monitor workers and equipment. These wearables use sensors to monitor all types of activity on construction sites. Data on both worker and equipment activity can be transmitted to offsite managers in real time, allowing management to watch this activity in two-dimensional building drawings and 3D models. Drone technology is also making its way to construction sites. Some contractors use drones to survey sites and evaluate their safety levels. As drones become more popular both for personal and business use, we could see the use of drone technology become a trend in construction safety. Automation has begun to tackle some of the most dangerous jobs, which is a trend we definitely expect to continue. Robots have been used to go into pit mines, and in Pittsburgh, a robot is used to tie rebar for bridge decks.
Changes in data collection As previously mentioned, wearable technology can help gather massive amounts of data. This data can be analyzed to detect areas where safety could be improved and to quickly identify onsite hazards before they cause accidents.
The American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) expects more and more companies to begin adding safety data to their corporate sustainability reporting in the coming years. Widespread public reporting of safety data can make construction sites safer across the globe. As data is collected and analyzed, problem areas can be identified and improvements can be made.
New training requirements Earlier this year, New York City enacted a new construction safety training law which requires all construction workers in the city to undergo 40 hours of mandatory training over a period of one to three years. This law was passed in response to a crisis of fatal construction accidents plaguing the city. Construction-related deaths and injuries are not unique to New York City — they’re a problem all over the country and across the globe. We expect other cities and states to begin pursuing their own construction safety legislation this year and beyond in order to combat rising rates of injury and death on jobsites.
Increased focus on resilience Last year was full of extreme weather and natural disasters like hurricanes, floods, tornadoes and wildfires. Moving forward, it’s important for construction companies to consider how they make their structures resilient to these extreme conditions and disasters. The White House declared November 2017 as Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience Month, showing that both private industry and the government share an urgency to improve resiliency in all of the structures that make up our country. This year and in the future, we expect to see a heavy focus on making our buildings and cities better protected from the catastrophic damage brought by hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes and other natural disasters. Additionally, newly constructed buildings should be more resistant to problems related to extreme weather, such as freezing and bursting pipes during extreme cold fronts. ●
Tom Moverman established the Lipsig Lawyers Firm with Harry Lipsig and his partners in 1989. The personal injury law firm focuses on products liability, personal injury, construction accidents, car accidents and medical malpractice.
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E MP L O Y E E M AT T E R S By David Whitlock
MARIJUANA USE at Work
As more and more states enact laws that decriminalize, and in some cases, legalize marijuana use how does a contractor maintain a drug-free workplace?
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ontractors are increasingly frustrated by so-called marijuana reform legislation. More and more states are enacting laws that decriminalize, and in some cases, legalize marijuana use. Approximately 20 states now protect medical marijuana use to some extent. Half a dozen states now permit recreational marijuana use. Yet, marijuana remains a controlled substance illegal under federal law. One contractor recently raised the following questions: How do business owners maintain a zero-tolerance policy on drug and alcohol use? How can contractors maintain a drug-free workplace if their ability to conduct pre-employment and random drug testing is compromised by state legislation? What steps are contractors taking in states that have legalized recreational marijuana to find drug-free employees? How do contractors avoid wrongful termination litigation? These are all good questions; unfortunately, there are not good answers for all of them.
contractors can drug test on a pre-employment and random basis and refuse to hire or terminate someone who is impaired by recreational marijuana use. This will likely continue to be the case so long as the federal government continues its current stand making marijuana a controlled substance with limited medical value. So, as a practical matter, concrete contractors should continue pre-employment and random drug testing even in states that have legalized recreational marijuana use. One problem that may arise is determining “impairment.” Here, contractors should work closely with their occupational medicine clinic. If at all possible, contractors should not make an “impairment” determination on their own, but instead should rely upon an evaluation by a medical professional. This is also important because impairment and drug testing results do not correlate well. In other words, an individual may test positive for marijuana use days or even weeks after impairment. This makes it all the more critical for contractors to rely upon the independent “impairment” determination of a qualified medical professional. Note that this is only necessary in states that have legalized use of marijuana. In other states, concrete contractors can rely upon the drug testing results and make the decision not to hire or to terminate the individual.
What steps are contractors taking in states that have legalized recreational marijuana to find drug free employees?
Recreational use First, let’s break the issue down into two different components: recreational use versus medical use. So far, no state court system has refused to acknowledge an employer’s right to prohibit impairment on the job. This means that 22
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Medical use
impairment issue, but also if the medical professional understands the safety risk created by continued employment. The bottom line for concrete contractors is know your state law. In states where no marijuana reform legislation has been enacted, test and rely upon the test results. In states where medical marijuana is legal, test but follow the disability claims analysis if the individual asserts medical use. Again, make certain to work closely with a medical professional who is well aware of the individual’s job and safety factors. In states that have also legalized recreational use, work closely with the medical professional to obtain an independent impairment determination. Of course, none of this guarantees drug-free workers, but at least it will be safer to refuse to hire or terminate impaired workers and avoid wrongful termination lawsuits even in states that are legalizing marijuana use. ●
…make certain to work closely with a medical professional who is well aware of the individual’s job and safety factors.
In states that have sanctioned medical use of marijuana, the situation is slightly different. In most cases, the individual will indicate before testing that he or she is a medical marijuana user, and usually will present a medical card issued by the state of documentation from a physician. Last summer, a Massachusetts court held that an employee who acknowledged medical use of marijuana and was terminated for a positive drug test could state a claim for disability discrimination. In essence, the court said that the employer must go through the disability claim process, using the reasonable accommodation analysis, before taking final action. As part of the reasonable accommodation analysis, the employer may claim that the accommodation the individual seeks would impose an undue burden. The Massachusetts court noted that if the employer is subject to Department of Transportation drug-free workplace regulations or can otherwise prove that the individual’s medical use of marijuana would impair performance or pose an unacceptably significant safety risk to the public, the individual, or co-workers, the employer’s undue burden claim would prevail. Here, again, close cooperation with an occupational medicine clinic is paramount. A medical professional may be the concrete contractor’s best defense against a wrongful termination claim. The defense is strengthened if the medical professional understands and takes into consideration the performance
David C. Whitlock has over 25 years experience in business immigration, compliance, employment counseling and training. Whitlock can be reached at (404) 626-7011 or at davidcwhitlock@gmail.com.
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S A F E T Y P R ODUC T S
Following is a selection of products to help improve safety for construction professionals on the job. For more information about any of the products in this issue, please type the unique eight-digit code in the search bar at www.ForConstructionPros.com. t 3M Peltor MT Series Intrinsically Safe Headset The PELTOR MT Series Intrinsically Safe two-way communication headset is designed for workers who need reliable communication while working in volatile, high-noise environments. • Provides clear, two-way communication via a noise-cancelling microphone with optimal noise reduction and comfort • Restricts electrical and thermal energy, helping reduce the risk of sparks and explosions in dangerous environments • Available in standard headband, neckband and hard hat-attached models www.forconstructionpros.com/12156908
u Hammerhead Industries Gear Keeper Heavy Tool Retractable Tether
MSA ALTAIR 2X Gas Detectors
The Gear Keeper heavy tool retractable tether (RT3-5606) carries tools up to 3.5 lbs. and its reach extends more than 55 in. • Tools attached with stainless steel, thumb-controlled, lockinggate carabiner • Thumb-controlled gear lock secures tools at any extension length • Lanyard loop strap can adapt to any tool of appropriate weight or be cinched securely to tether • Impact-absorbing Nylon webbing
MSA’s ALTAIR 2X line of gas detectors features XCell Pulse Technology which features a standalone bump test that does not require calibration accessories or bottled gas to complete a daily bump test. • XCell Two-tox Sensors detect two gases on distinct sensor channels • Digital output minimizes cross channel interference • Single gas detector miniaturizes the sensors’ controlling electronics and places them inside the sensor using MSA’s application -specific integrated circuit (ASIC) design
www.forconstructionpros.com/12250221
www.forconstructionpros.com/11569570
u JLG SkyGuard Aftermarket Accessory The SkyGuard aftermarket accessory provides enhanced control panel protection for boom lifts. • Sensor stops all functions when activated by approximately 50 lbs. of force • Undoes most functions in use for less than a second at the time of activation • Sensor bar breaks away when extreme force is exerted, providing additional space for the operator • Horn and optional blue flashing beacon simultaneously alert other workers to sensor activation www.forconstructionpros.com/10822807
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S A F E T Y P R ODUC T S
q Traffic Cones by the Traffic Safety Store Traffic Cones are available in orange, green, blue and white with recycled rubber black bases. • Add custom stencil or logo • 14-in. x 14-in. base • With or without reflective collars • Orange Available in 7 or 10 lbs.
Brass Knuckle SmartCut BKCR404 Glove
www.forconstructionpros.com/12273588
Brass Knuckle’s SmartCut BKCR404 features an ultra-high-molecularweight polyethylene fiber thread blend to ensure dexterity and tactile sensitivity as well as ANSI cut level 4 protection. • Soft polyurethane coating over palm and fingers is extremely pliable and enhances dry grip • Coating leaves minimal residue or marking • Stitching, yarn combinations and coatings each account for natural curvature of the hand and flex points • Ideal for handling finer-surfaces and finished goods like glass, polished metals, painted or powder coat surfaces, ceramics and more www.forconstructionpros.com/12285512
t DICA SafetyTech Outrigger Pads SafetyTech outrigger pads provide a strong, rigid and easy to use foundation for a variety of outrigger-enabled equipment. • Constructed of engineered thermoplastic material with a crush rating up to 750 psi and maximum allowable load ratings up to 300,000 lbs. • Available in Medium Duty (1.0-in. thick), Heavy Duty (2.0-in. thick) and Super Duty (3.0- and 4.0-in. thick) models • Designed for equipment typically up to 100 tons in capacity • Ergonomic TuffGrip handles standard on all models www.forconstructionpros.com/12269216
t WernerCo Self-Retracting Lifelines
Constructed with Kevlar stitching in highwear areas of the external metatarsal guard on Keen Utility’s Mt. Vernon Met work boot is half the weight of most other external met guards. The Mt. Vernon Met boot is also equipped with signature Keen Utility performance features, including: • ASTM-rated asymmetrical steel toes and an oil- and slip-resistant non-marking rubber outsole. • 20% of Keen Utility footwear, Keen’s safety and work brand, is now assembled in the U.S.
The Bantam6 SRL self-retracting lifelines (SRLs) extend and retract automatically during typical use so they won’t get in the way of the job. • Feature a 310-lb. rated capacity and durable 1-in. Dyneema webbing • Compact and lightweight at less than 2.5 lbs. • Brake mechanism activates immediately in the event of a fall, reducing fall distance and impact to the body • Available with a steel or aluminum hook
www.forconstructionpros.com/12295960
ForConstructionPros.com/12269594
Keen Utility’s Mt. Vernon Met Work Boot
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u Airmar WX Series Ultrasonic WeatherStation The WX Series Ultrasonic WeatherStation accurately measures current local weather conditions including true wind speed and direction while moving, as well as temperature, humidity and barometric pressure. • For pavement designers and contractors to make informed decisions based on real-time, sitespecific weather information • Designed to help improve operational efficiency, reduce risks and enhance overall safety www.forconstructionpros.com/12279561
t Vacuworx Wireless Remote Option The new wireless remote for the SL 2 and CM 3 Vacuum Lifting Systems offers greater mounting versatility and easy operation. • Eliminates the need to route hoses and a controller to the cab of the host machine • Provides a greater range of motion and allows easy attachment to equipment other than skid steers, such as backhoes, forklifts and cranes • Simplified setup and connection to host machine • Press any button on the remote to activate the transmitter and receiver on the matched equipment
3M Peltor WS ProTac XP Headsets The Peltor WS ProTac XP is an active-hearing ear defender that features Bluetooth technology to enable hands-free work while taking calls via DECT- or mobile phones. • Provides a 31-dB attenuation rating and ambient listening function to let user hear surrounding noise and converse with colleagues • Boom microphone with DSP noise reduction • Supports Bluetooth A2DP profile for streaming high-quality stereo sound • 150-hour battery life www.forconstructionpros.com/12268543
www.forconstructionpros.com/20991724
u Halo Cord-Free Personal Safety & Task Light Attach the cord-free 360° Halo personal safety and task light to any standard hard hat to produce a ring of light that allows the wearer to see and be seen in all directions at all times. • Powered by a single on-board Li-Ion rechargeable battery • Visible over a quarter mile away • Fully illuminates the task area out to the visual periphery • Eliminates shadows no matter where you move • Halo, HI-Alert, Task and Dim light modes www.forconstructionpros.com/12294884
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Kundel V-Panel The lightweight, modular V-Panel aluminum extruded panel offers customized, “on the fly” independent vertical adjustment in the trench. • Each panel can be individually adjusted (up and down) without leaving the ditch • Accommodates any pipe configuration • Suitable for use in congested utility areas www.forconstructionpros.com/12269583
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u E-Z Drill Dust Collection Cart The 215-lb. Dust Collection Cart uses the same technology as E-Z Drill’s concrete dowel drill Dust Collection System but can be used with handheld drills. • Uses the same air compressor as the drill, requiring an additional 40 cfm for operation • Includes 20 ft. of 2-in. dust collection hose and a shroud that goes around the bit to ensure dust is collected at the point of drilling • Two 600mm filters effectively trap dust particles • Drill can be set on the cart for easy transport www.forconstructionpros.com/12303596
u 3M SecureFit Protective Eyewear 600 Series The SecureFit Protective Eyewear 600 Series of selfadjusting, comfortable protective eyewear includes Scotchgard Anti-fog Coating to help provide long-lasting clarity. • Photochromic lenses darken when exposed to UV light outdoors and lighten when removed from UV exposure indoors • Task-specific lens tints help reduce glare, eye stress and fatigue in a variety of applications • Pressure Diffusion Temple (PDT) Technology ensures secure, comfortable fit with ability to self-adjust to a wide array of head sizes • Polycarbonate lenses absorb 99.9% of UVA and UVB rays www.forconstructionpros.com/12310136
q Genie Lift Guard Contact Alarm System The Lift Guard Contact Alarm is an electronic secondary guarding system designed to immediately activate and alert others that the operator may need help. • Standard accessory on most new Genie Z (articulated) and S (telescopic) boom lifts and can be retrofit on units dating back to 2003 • Activation cable fitted above platform control panel disconnects and activates the system when pressure is applied • All machine lift and drive functions stopped to prevent additional movement in the platform • Alarm sounds and beacons flash to notify those near the lift that the operator may require assistance
q Cone Setter CS 3100 Automatic Cone Setter The Cone Setter CS 3100 saves lives and labor by automating the placement of cones. • Workers load cones from inside the truck bed, no one walks or hangs off the side of the truck • Requires only a driver and one person in back to load cones into the machine • Manually sets cones at desired intervals • Works with standard 15-in. base cones up to 28-n. tall as well as with 36-in. tall cones • Faster than manual cone setting • Depending upon worker’s ability to load cones, the CS 3100 can set them at up to 15 mph • Weighing only 57 lbs. it can be mounted for use in less than two minutes www.forconstructionpros.com/12273918
www.forconstructionpros.com/12302443
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