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−¾− ÷⅘⅜⅔‰≠−÷⅔ĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦÎ ⅝ ×⅘÷¾ℓ> ÷≈‰J ⅞+≠⅘÷¾∞∫ = ØŤŪVUÙĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĨ ⅘±⅘+⅝⅞⅞J ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜ ĨJŁŃNĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĪ ⅘±⅘+⅝⅞⅞J ŎẀŪÕŲ MÙŤ ĨĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦİ ⅖⅝−÷ ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜJ OŠÜÙÛŠYŤ ĻWWŠȘÛĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĮ ⅖⅝−÷ ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜ ĨJ ŁŃNĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦIJ ⅔⅖−≠⅔⅘ = ŐMOĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦÍÍ ‰⅔⅝−≤‰⅞ ⅜√⅜∫≥‰⅞ ∂⅜⅔J ∞√+ℓ% ⅔=≠⅘÷ĦĦĦÍĪ MŠUŠȘŠ Ĥ −¾ℓ% =¾⅘≠ĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦÍĮ ⅘‰ ⅔ ⅔J ŐŮŤŤTŎẀŪŘ₎−÷√≤⅔√ ⅞+⅞√ĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦĦÎÌ
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⁄⅘<Ĥ÷⅘⅜⅔‰≠−÷J ŒŤTÜŠ ⅔ Ħ ≥⅘< ÷⅘⅜⅔‰≠−÷⅔J ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛ ⅘⅜⅔‰≠−÷ℓJ MŠUŠȘŠH ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛH ÓŠTH ŐWŤŠTȚŠVW ₍ℓ×≈=‰⅔∫¬⅞% ÷⅘⅜⅔‰≠−÷H ⅜⅞⅝⅔%+⅘÷J ĿŲŤŠWŤŲ −÷÷⅘‰≠−÷J ŐWŤŠTȚŠVW
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ŴŴŴÇŰŠŮȚÜẀŰŰȚŲŠÇŮẀ « čÑŠŮȚÜẀŰ ŅȚÛŠġČ ÉĐÈÈ
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−≤≈ ×÷⅘⅜=≠⅔¾⅞≠∞ ¾⅔≥⅘ ≈ ¾+⅞ ⅔+⅞∫ ×⅘÷¾ℓ% ¾ℓĤ ×≈=‰ ⅚≈÷+⅔ ⅔ ŐNŎŅÕǾŐ ØŅÓNH ×−=¾√¬⅘++ℓ%H ‰⅔‰ +⅘Ĥ = −⅚+− ⅜−⅗⅔⅜⅔≠∞=√H ¾=⅘ ⅘++−% ⅞⅗÷ℓ ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜH ⅔ ≠⅔‰⅚⅘H ⅘⅗− ‰− ∞∫+⅞≠⅞H ⅞H ¾ −⅖¬⅘ H ¾=⅘ ≈H ≤≠−H ≠⅔‰H ⅞ ⅞ ⅞+⅔≤⅘H ⅘⅗− ‰⅔=⅔⅘≠=√Ħ −‰⅔ ∂≠−H −⅚+− =‰⅔⅝⅔≠∞H ≠⅘=≠−¾⅔√ ¾⅘÷=⅞√H ×−=⅘ ≈ ÷≈⅖÷⅞‰ ⅔ −H +− ℓ ⅖≈⅜⅘ ÷⅔⅝¾⅞¾⅔≠∞=√Ë ⅕≠−≠ ¾ℓ×≈=‰ −≤⅘+∞ = −⅚+− ×−√¾ √ =√ +⅔ =¾⅘≠H ℓ ×÷−≥ ⅞ ≤⅘÷⅘⅝ +−⅚⅘=≠¾− ⅞=×ℓ≠⅔+⅞%H ⅖≈‰¾⅔ ∞+−H −⅗−+∞H ¾−⅜≈H ⅞ ⅘⅜+ℓ⅘ ≠÷≈⅖ℓH ⅞≥∞Ĥ⅖ℓ ×−÷⅔⅜−¾⅔≠∞ +⅔≥⅞> ⅜−÷−⅗⅞> =⅘÷⅜±≈ ×⅘÷¾ℓ> ≤⅞≠⅔≠⅘ ⅘%H ⅜⅔ ⅞ ℓ% ⅜÷≈⅗H ∂≠− ≠ℓĦ ≠− ≈⅚ ≠⅔ ⅗−¾−÷⅞≠∞H ×÷√ − =⅘%≤⅔= √ = −≠÷∫ +⅔ ≤⅔=ℓH −+⅞ ×−‰⅔⅝ℓ¾⅔⅘≠ ×− Ĥ×⅘÷¾−⅗− +−≤⅞H ⅞ ×−+⅞Ĥ ⅔∫H ≤≠− ⅘= ⅞ √ +⅘ ⅜−×⅞≥≈ ∂≠≈ ‰− −+‰≈H ≠− ⅚≈÷+⅔ ÷⅞=‰≈⅘≠ +⅘ ¾ℓ%≠⅞ +⅞‰−⅗⅜⅔H +⅔ ⅜≈≥⅘ =≠⅔+−¾⅞≠=√ +⅘Ĥ +−⅗− ⅘⅗≤⅘H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ⅝+⅔⅘≥∞H ≤≠− ⅗⅜⅘Ĥ≠− ¾ ⅜÷≈⅗− H −=Ĥ ¾⅘¬⅘++− +−≤+ℓ ⅞ −⅗+√ ⅞ ⅗−÷−⅜⅘H +⅔⅜ ⅚≈÷+⅔ − ≠÷≈⅜⅞≠=√ ⅘¬⅘ −⅜⅞+ ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰Ħ ×⅔=⅞⅖− ≠⅘⅖⅘H ȚŲŤŤÛŪÙÛH ≠¾−% ⅜⅞⅝⅔%+ ⅖⅘⅝≈×÷⅘≤⅘+Ħ ₍×÷−≤⅘ H =−¾=⅘ =‰−÷− +−¾ℓ% ⅗−⅜ ×−=≠≈≤⅞≠=√ ‰ +⅔ ¾ ⅜¾⅘÷⅞H ⅞ +⅔=≠⅔+⅘≠ ≥≈ +⅔√ ×−÷⅔ ×−⅝⅜÷⅔¾ ⅘+⅞%H > −׉−¾ ≥⅔ ×⅔+=‰−⅗−H ⅞ ¾⅘=⅘ ℓ% ≠÷⅘=‰ ‰−+<<⅘≠⅞Ħ ⅘ Ĥ⅚⅘ =≠−⅞≠ ⅝⅔+√≠∞=√ ¾ −÷−⅝+≈∫ +−¾−⅗−⅜+∫∫ +−≤∞Ĺ ⅔⅝≈ ⅘⅘≠=√ ×−⅗÷≈⅝⅞≠∞=√ ¾ ⅞+≠⅘÷+⅘≠Ĥ ⅖⅔≠⅔ ⅞⅞ +⅘Ĥ ⅜⅔¾+− ¾ℓ≥⅘⅜≥⅘⅗− ∂ ⅔ ĨË ⅘∫ ¾⅘÷⅞≠∞H ¾ℓ ≈⅚⅘ ⅝⅔¾⅘÷≥⅞ ⅞ −⅜⅞+−≤+−⅘ ×÷−>−⅚⅜⅘+⅞⅘Ĺ ≠−Ĥ⅚H +⅔=≠⅔Ĥ ⅔ ×−÷⅔ ¾⅘÷+≈≠∞=√ ¾ ⅚⅔÷‰⅞% ⅗⅞×⅘≠ = ⅘⅜√+ℓ ⅖−‰⅔Ĥ − ≥⅔ ×⅔+=‰−⅗− ¾ ÷≈‰⅘ ⅞ ×−‰⅔⅝⅔≠∞ ⅜÷≈⅗⅞ ⅞⅗÷−Ĥ ‰⅔ H ‰≠− ⅝⅜⅘=∞ +⅔=≠−√¬⅞% ⅞‰⅘ ⅔+⅜⅚⅘ −Ë = ⅞Ĥ⅚⅘ ¾ℓ ¾⅜÷≈⅗ ⅚⅔⅚⅜⅘≠⅘ ×−⅞⅗÷⅔≠∞ −⅜⅞+H ¾− ≤≠−Ĥ +⅞⅖≈⅜∞ +⅘⅖− ∞≥−⅘H +− ×÷⅞+−=√¬⅘⅘ +⅘ ⅘+∞≥⅘⅘ ≈⅜−¾− ∞=≠¾⅞⅘H ⅞H +⅘¾⅝+⅔≤⅔%H ×÷−×≈=≠⅞ ⅞ Î ⅔ ⅘+∞Ĥ ‰⅞> ⅞+⅜⅞Ĥ≥⅘⅜⅘¾÷⅔H ≠− ¾⅔ ⅜−÷−⅗⅔ ‰ ŎŠŪTŬÜ NŪȘŬẀŪWŤŲ ⅞ MŬẀŞŨŤ MĦ ≠−Ĥ⅚H ≠⅘×⅘÷∞ × ⅔¾+− ×⅘÷⅘%⅜⅘ ‰ ≠− ≈H ≤≠−Ĥ⅚⅘ ≠⅔‰−⅗− −=−⅖⅘++−⅗− ¾⅔= −⅚⅞⅜⅔⅘≠ ¾ ⅚≈÷+⅔ ⅘Ħ ₍−Ĥ×⅘÷¾ℓ>H ‰⅔⅚⅜ℓ% +− ⅘÷H +⅔ +⅔≥⅞> =≠÷⅔+⅞±⅔>H ¾ℓ = ⅘ − −⅚⅘≠⅘ −⅚⅞⅜⅔≠∞ = ⅘⅜≈∫¬⅞⅘ ÷≈⅖÷⅞‰⅞J
Ē⅕‰=‰ ∫⅝⅞¾+⅔√ ⅞+<−÷ ⅔±⅞√ −≠ ȚŲŤŤÛŪÙÛĤ⅔ Ē Ē ⅖⅝−÷ℓ +⅔ ÷⅔⅝ ⅞≤+ℓ⅘ ‰⅔÷≠ℓH ⅞ ⅞ −⅜⅞<⅞‰⅔±⅞⅞Ē Ē ‰⅔⅝‰⅞ ⅜√⅜∫≥‰⅞ ∂⅜⅔Ē Ē₎−÷√≤⅔√ ⅞+⅞√Ē Ĝ₍⅔≥⅞ ¾−×÷−=ℓ Ĥ +⅔≥⅞ −≠¾⅘≠ℓĞĦ − ⅞ − ∂≠−⅗−H +− ⅘÷⅔ ⅖≈⅜≈≠ =−⅜⅘÷⅚⅔≠∞ ⅜÷≈⅗≈∫ ×−Ĥ ⅘⅝+≈∫ ⅞ ⅞+≠⅘÷⅘=+≈∫ ⅞+<−÷ ⅔±⅞∫H ⅔ +⅘‰−≠−÷⅔√H ¾−⅝ −⅚+−H ⅝⅔% ⅘≠ =¾−⅘ ⅝⅔‰−++−⅘ ⅘=≠− =÷⅘⅜⅞ ×−Ĥ =≠−√++ℓ> ÷≈⅖÷⅞‰ Ħ ₍ ‰−+±⅘ >−≤⅘≠=√ =‰⅔⅝⅔≠∞ ×⅔÷≈ = −¾ − ≠− H +⅔Ĥ =‰− ∞‰− ⅝⅔ ×−= ⅘⅜+⅘⅘ ¾÷⅘ √ =≠⅔ − =× −≤⅘++ℓ +⅔Ĥ ≥⅘ ‰− ∞∫+⅞≠⅞Ë ⅘⅖√≠⅔H ℓ =⅞ ⅔Ë ⅛ −¬≈¬⅔∫ ⅗−÷Ĥ ⅜−=≠∞ ⅝⅔ +⅔= ‰⅔⅚⅜≈∫ =⅘‰≈+⅜≈Ë ⅛ ÷⅔⅜−¾⅔ =√H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ℓ =−=≠⅔¾ √ ⅞ ×⅘≠⅞±⅞∫ ‰ ĿŲŬWŤĤ ŠÜH −⅖ ⅞=×− ∞⅝−¾⅔+⅞⅞ ≈⅝ℓ‰⅞H ≠⅔‰ ×− ∫⅖⅞¾≥⅘%=√ +⅔ ⅗÷≈××ℓ ǾŪTŤŲȘŬTŤH ¾ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜ Ĩ ŁŃNĦ ⅛ ÷⅔⅜−¾⅔ =√H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ¾ℓ≥⅘ ØÙÜŤ ĻȘWÙŬŪË ⅛ ÷⅔⅜−¾⅔ =√H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ŐŤŲÙŬẀVĻŨŤẄŤÚ ¾ℓ×≈=≠⅞ =¾−∫ −Ĥ ⅜⅞<⅞‰⅔±⅞∫ ŁẀÙŨTŤŲH ‰⅔‰ +⅔ =≠⅔⅜⅞⅞ ÷⅔⅝÷⅔⅖−≠‰⅞H ≠⅔‰ ⅞ ×−= ⅘ ÷⅘ ⅞⅝⅔Ë ⅛ ÷⅔⅜−¾⅔ =√H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ¾ℓ≥⅘ ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜ ØUŤ ĻŲŲÙẂŠŨ ÕȚ MŠŲÛ ŐŠÜË √ ×−Ĥ×÷⅘⅚+⅘ ≈ ⅗−÷⅜ ⅝⅔ +⅔=H ⅝⅔ +⅔≥ =⅔%≠H ⅞ ⅝⅔ ‰⅔Ĥ ⅚⅜−⅗− ×− ∞⅝−¾⅔≠⅘ √ ¾ −≠⅜⅘ ∞+−=≠⅞Ë Ĝ = ⅞ ×⅘÷⅘≤⅞= √≠∞ ¾=⅘> ∫⅜⅘%H ⅝⅔ ‰−≠−÷ℓ> √ ÷⅔⅜≈Ĥ ∫=∞H ≠− ×÷−=≠− +⅘ >¾⅔≠⅞≠ +⅞ −⅜+−⅗− ⅚≈÷+⅔ ⅔Ğ ⅘⅜⅔‰±⅞√ −≠ ¾=⅘% ⅜≈≥⅞ ×−⅝⅜÷⅔¾ √⅘≠ ¾⅔= = ×÷⅔⅝⅜Ĥ +⅞‰− H ⅞ ⅚⅘ ⅔⅘≠ ¾⅘=⅘ −⅗− −¾−⅗− ⅗−⅜⅔Ë ₌≈⅜∞≠⅘ =≤⅔=≠ ⅞¾ℓË
≈¾⅔⅚⅘+⅞⅘ H
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₍=ΩĤ≠⅔‰⅞ >−≤⅘≠=√ ÷⅔⅜−¾⅔≠∞=√H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ≤≠−Ĥ≠− =−⅝⅜⅔++−⅘ ≠−⅖−% +⅔≤⅞+⅔⅘≠ ⅜¾⅞⅗⅔≠∞=√ ⅞ ⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ ≠−H ≤⅘ ≈ ≠ℓ ⅘⅗− Ē+⅔≈≤⅞ Ē
+≠⅘÷¾∞∫ = ØŤŪVUÙ ØŤŪVUÙ Ĥ ⅞⅝¾⅘=≠+ℓ% ⅔××⅘÷H −⅜−=≠÷−⅞≠⅘ ∞ ⅞ −Ĥ ⅜⅘÷⅔≠−÷ ŐŤŲÙŬẀVŐÙWŤĦŲẀ H ‰−≠−÷−⅗− ⅝+⅔⅘≠ ×−≤≠⅞ ‰⅔Ĥ ⅚⅜ℓ% ∫⅝⅘÷ +⅔≥⅘⅗− =⅔%≠⅔Ħ ⅘÷⅘≤⅞= √≠∞ ⅘⅗− ⅝⅔= ≈Ĥ ⅗⅞ +⅘≠ = ℓ= ⅔H ⅘⅗− ÷⅔⅖−≠ℓ ⅗−¾−÷√≠ =⅔ ⅞ ⅝⅔ =⅘⅖√Ħ ℓ +⅘ −⅗ ⅞ ≈×≈=≠⅞≠∞ ×÷⅘‰÷⅔=+−⅗− ≥⅔+=⅔ ×−⅖⅘=⅘Ĥ ⅜−¾⅔≠∞ = ₋ ⅘‰=⅔+⅜÷− − ⅘⅗− =≠⅔+−¾ ⅘+⅞⅞ +⅔ =⅔%Ĥ ≠⅘H ≠¾−÷≤⅘=≠¾⅘ ⅞ × ⅔+⅔> +⅔ ⅖≈⅜≈¬⅘⅘Ħ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ÷⅞¾⅘≠H ØŤŪVUÙË ×⅔=⅞⅖−H ≤≠− +⅔≥⅘ =¾−Ĥ ⅖−⅜+−⅘ ¾÷⅘ √Ħ ⅘ −⅗ +⅘ ¾−=×− ∞⅝−¾⅔≠∞=√ = ≈≤⅔⅘ ×−⅗−¾−÷⅞≠∞ = ≠−⅖−%H ×−≠− ≈ ≤≠− ⅞ ≠¾−⅞ ÷⅔⅝÷⅔⅖−≠Ĥ ‰⅞H ⅞ ≠ℓ =⅔ −≤⅘+∞ ⅞+≠⅘÷⅘=+ℓĦ ØŤŪVUÙJ ⅔%Ħ ⅞≤⅘⅗−H =− ¾÷⅘ ⅘+⅘ ≈ ⅘+√ ×÷−⅖ ⅘ ×−Ĥ ≤≠⅞ +⅘≠H ⅘+√ ¾=⅘⅗⅜⅔ −⅚+− ¾ℓ±⅘×⅞≠∞ ⅞ ×−⅖− ≠⅔≠∞ − ≤⅘ Ĥ+⅞⅖≈⅜∞ Ħ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ⅔H ≈⅝+⅔∫ +⅔≥⅘⅗− ØŤŪVUÙ ℓ √¾ √⅘≥∞=√H +⅔Ĥ ¾⅘÷+−⅘H −⅜+⅞ ⅞⅝ =⅔ ℓ> ⅞⅝¾⅘=≠+ℓ> ⅞ ¾ ⅞√≠⅘ ∞+ℓ> ∫⅜⅘% +⅔ VŤŲÙŬẀVVÙWŤGŤĦ ‰⅔⅚⅞H ‰⅔‰ ≠⅘⅖⅘ ≈⅜⅔ −=∞ ⅜−Ĥ =≠⅞≤∞ ∂≠−⅗−Ĺ ØŤŪVUÙJ ≈H ×−+⅔≤⅔ ≈ √ ⅖ℓ +−¾⅞≤‰− ¾ ⅔××⅘÷=≠¾⅘H ¾ℓ‰ ⅔⅜ℓ¾⅔ =¾−⅞ ⅔ ⅘+∞‰⅞⅘ ÷⅔⅖−≠‰⅞H ≤≠−⅖ℓ ×÷⅞Ĥ ¾ ⅘≤∞ ¾+⅞ ⅔+⅞⅘ ⅜÷≈⅗⅞> ×− ∞⅝−¾⅔≠⅘ ⅘% =⅔%≠⅔H ⅜⅘ ⅔ <⅔+Ĥ⅔÷≠H −⅖¬⅔ =√ +⅔ <−÷≈ ⅘H ×−= ⅘ = −⅗ ×−⅜÷≈⅚⅞≠∞Ĥ =√ =− ¾=⅘% ⅔⅜ ⅞+⅞=≠÷⅔±⅞⅘%Ħ −⅗⅜⅔ √ =≠⅔ −⅜⅘÷⅔≠−Ĥ ÷− H =≠⅔÷⅔ =√ ×÷⅞ ⅔⅗⅔≠∞ ⅔‰=⅞ ≈ ≈=⅞ ⅞%H ≤≠−⅖ℓ =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ =⅔%≠ ≈≤≥⅘Ħ ≠− ≈ ¾÷⅘ ⅘+⅞H √ >−÷−≥− −≠≠−Ĥ ≤⅞ =¾−⅞ +⅔¾ℓ‰⅞ ‰⅔÷≠−=≠÷−⅞≠⅘ ∞=≠¾⅔ ⅞ =≠⅔ ⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ ÷⅔⅖−≠ℓH ‰−≠−÷ℓ⅘ =⅘%≤⅔= ⅝+⅔⅘≠ ×−≤≠⅞ ‰⅔⅚⅜ℓ% ×− ∞⅝−Ĥ ¾⅔≠⅘ ∞ Ĥ ⅔%≠⅔Ħ ₌− ∞≥⅘ ¾=⅘⅗−H +⅔¾⅘÷+−⅘H √ ⅖ℓ ⅞⅝¾⅘Ĥ =≠⅘+H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ×− −⅗⅔ +−¾⅞≤‰⅔ = ×⅘÷¾ℓ ŐNM− Ħ − =⅘%≤⅔=H ‰ =−⅚⅔ ⅘+⅞∫H ‰⅔⅚⅘≠=√H √ ¾=⅘ ⅞ ⅝⅔⅖ℓ≠Ħ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ⅘%=⅘%H +⅘ ×÷⅘≈¾⅘ ⅞≤⅞¾⅔%Ë ⅘⅖√ +⅞‰≠− +⅘ ⅝⅔⅖ℓ Ħ ⅘ ¾⅘÷⅞≥∞Ĺ −⅚⅘ ×÷−¾⅘=≠⅞ +⅔ =⅔%≠⅘ −×÷−=J Ē +⅔⅘≠⅘ ⅞ ¾ℓH ‰≠− ≠⅔‰−% ⅘+≥⅞ ⅘%=⅘%ĹĒĦ ≈⅖ ⅜⅔∫H ¾=⅘ −≠¾⅘≠ℓ ⅖≈⅜≈≠J Ē‰−+⅘≤+− ⅜⅔H ⅝+⅔∫ √ ∂≠−⅗− ≠⅞×≤⅞‰⅔ËĒ ẄM ⅔⅜+−H +⅘ ⅖≈⅜⅘ −≠¾ ⅘‰⅔≠∞=√Ħ ℓ ⅜⅔¾+⅘+∞‰− +⅘ ¾⅞⅜⅘ ⅞ −≠ ≠⅘⅖√ +−¾ℓ> ‰⅔÷≠ ⅜ √ ∂ ⅔Ħ ℓ ⅝⅔¾√⅝⅔ = ⅔××⅞+⅗− H ⅞ ⅞ ≈ ≠⅘⅖√ ×−‰⅔ ≤≠− ×÷−=≠− +⅘≠ ¾⅜−>+−¾⅘+⅞√Ĺ
ØŤŪVUÙJ ≈>H =‰⅔⅚⅘ ≠⅔‰J ⅜− ⅗⅞⅘ ⅗−⅜ℓ √ ≠⅘≥⅞ =√ ≠− ∞Ĥ ‰− =−⅝⅜⅔+⅞⅘ ‰⅔÷≠H ⅞ ≈ ⅘+√ ⅜⅔⅚⅘ ⅖− ⅘⅘Ĥ ⅘+⅘⅘ ×− ≈Ĥ ≤⅞ −=∞ =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ −⅜⅞+ =¾−% −⅜Ħ −H ⅗ √⅜√ +⅔ ÷⅔⅝¾⅞≠⅞⅘ ⅔××⅘÷−¾H ⅝⅔ ⅘≤⅔∫H ≤≠− =⅘%≤⅔= ¾ >−⅜≈ ŐMOH = ‰−≠−Ĥ ÷ℓ H ‰ =−⅚⅔ ⅘+⅞∫H √ +⅘ ⅜÷≈⅚≈ ⅜⅔⅚⅘ ¾ × ⅔+⅘ ≈=≠⅔+−¾Ĥ ‰⅞ ẄM −≤⅘≠=√ =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ +⅘≤≠− ⅖− ⅘⅘ ⅔=≥≠⅔⅖+−⅘H +− ∂≠− ≈ ¾−≠ ⅘≥⅔⅘≠ ¾ℓ≥⅘≈‰⅔⅝⅔++⅔√ ×÷−⅖ ⅘ ‰⅔Ħ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ⅔ ⅔√ ¾×⅘≤⅔≠ √∫¬⅔√ ≠¾−√ ‰⅔÷≠⅔H ≠−≤+⅘⅘ ⅞> =⅘÷⅞√ Ĥ ĒÍĨĒ Ĥ −≤⅘+∞ ⅞⅝¾⅘=≠+⅔ +⅔ Ĥ=⅔%≠⅘ ⅞ √¾ Ĥ √⅘≠=√ ∂≠⅔ −+− ×−Ĥ+⅔=≠−√¬⅘ ≈ >−÷−≥⅞> ‰⅔÷≠Ħ ⅔‰ ‰ ≠⅘⅖⅘ ×÷⅞≥ ⅔ ⅞⅜⅘√ =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ ⅞⅝ √=+−⅗− ≥≈≠⅘÷⅔ >−÷÷−÷Ĺ ØŤŪVUÙJ ⅜⅘√ ×÷⅞≥ ⅔ =⅔ ⅔ =−⅖−%Ħ +⅘ ⅝⅔>−≠⅘ −=∞ =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ ‰⅔÷≠≈H ‰−≠−÷⅔√ = −⅚⅘≠ ¾ℓ⅝¾⅔≠∞ −=≠÷−⅘H ⅚⅞¾−⅘ ≤≈¾=≠¾−Ħ −⅗⅜⅔ √ = −≠÷⅘ −≤⅘+∞ +−⅗− ≈⅚⅔=≠⅞‰−¾ ⅞ ⅞⅗Ĥ ÷⅔ ¾ >−÷÷−÷Ĥ⅞⅗÷ℓH ×−∂≠− ≈ ÷⅘≥⅞ H ≤≠− =⅜⅘ ⅔∫ ¾ ∂Ĥ ⅘ ⅞ ⅘++− ≤≠−Ĥ≠− ⅚≈≠‰−⅘ ⅞ ×≈⅗⅔∫¬⅘⅘Ħ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ‰⅔‰H ≠÷≈⅜+− ⅖ℓ − ∂≠−≠ ⅝⅔ ℓ=⅘ ÷⅘⅔ ⅞Ĥ ⅝−¾⅔≠∞Ĺ ØŤŪVUÙJ ⅘⅔ ⅞⅝−¾ℓ¾⅔≠∞ ⅝⅔⅜≈ ‰≈ ⅖ℓ − −≤⅘+∞ ⅞+≠⅘÷⅘=Ĥ +− ⅞ ⅜⅔⅚⅘ ⅝⅔⅖⅔¾+−H ¾⅘⅜∞ ¾− ¾÷⅘ √ =−⅝⅜⅔+⅞√ ‰⅔÷≠ +⅘ ‰⅔‰ ⅖ℓ +≈⅚+− ⅖ℓ − ⅜≈ ⅔≠∞ −≠ ⅞±⅔ Ē Ω +−% =⅞ ℓĒ ẄM ⅘ ⅔+⅞⅘ =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ ≤≠−Ĥ≠− −≤⅘+∞ =≠÷⅔≥+−⅘ ×− −⅗ − +⅘ ⅝⅔‰−+≤⅞≠∞ ÍĨ Ĥ ÍĦ ⅔‰ ‰⅔‰ ÷⅘≥⅘+− ⅖ℓ − ⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ =⅘Ĥ ÷⅞∫ ‰⅔÷≠H √ +⅘ ⅝⅔⅖÷−=⅞ ÍĨ ⅞ ⅝⅔≠⅘ +⅔≤⅔ ⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ = ⅘Ĥ ⅜≈∫¬⅞⅘ ≤⅔=≠⅞Ħ ⅔ −% =≠÷⅔≥+−% ¾ℓ≥ ⅔ ÍĨ Ĥ ĨĦ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ⅕≠− ⅜⅔H ⅜− =⅞> ×−÷ ¾=×− ⅞+⅔∫ ≠−≠ ⅔⅖⅞Ĥ ÷⅞+≠ = ¾−×√¬⅞ ⅞ ⅗+⅔⅔÷⅔ ⅞ĦĦĦ = ⅞ +⅘ =⅘‰÷⅘≠H −≠‰≈Ĥ ⅜⅔ ≠ℓ ≤⅘÷×⅔ ¾⅜−>+−¾⅘+⅞⅘Ĺ ØŤŪVUÙJ ₍⅜−>+−¾⅘+⅞⅘ ×−= ≈⅚⅞ ⅔ ⅞⅗÷⅔ ĒŅ ŠÜ ŪŬW ŠŨŬĤ ŪŤĒĦ ₍−−⅖¬⅘H ∂≠− ⅖ℓ ‰÷⅞¾− =⅜⅘ ⅔++ℓ% >−÷÷−÷ ×÷− −>−≠+⅞‰⅔ +⅔ +⅘≤⅞=≠∞H +− ¾=⅘ ÷⅔¾+−H ×−= ⅘ ⅞⅗÷ℓ ¾ ∂≠− ≈⅖−⅗−⅘ ×−⅜−⅖⅞⅘ ≈⅚⅔=≠⅞‰⅔H √ ⅝⅔>−≠⅘ =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ ≤≠−Ĥ≠− ×−‰÷≈≤⅘Ħ − ≠− ∞‰− ¾ ∂ ⅘Ħ P
ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ±⅘+⅔ ⅞⅝ =≠⅔÷−⅗− <⅞ ∞ ⅔ ×÷− ÷⅔+‰⅘+Ĥ ≥≠⅘%+⅔ ¾=×− ⅞+⅔⅘≠=√J Ĥ ĒÑŤGV ŠŨÙẂŤË ĻÒŅŒNË ÓŴŠUŠUŠUŠUŠËËËĒ ẄM ⅔==‰⅔⅝ℓ¾⅔√ ×÷− ĒÍĨĒH ≠ℓH ‰=≠⅔≠⅞H ⅗−¾−÷⅞ ×÷− ≈⅚⅔Ĥ =≠⅞‰⅞Ħ ⅔‰−% ≠¾−% ∫⅖⅞ ℓ% <⅞ ∞ ∂≠−⅗− ⅚⅔+÷⅔Ĺ ØŤŪVUÙJ Ē ÷−‰ √≠⅞⅘Ē ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ − ⅘=≠∞ ≠ℓ ∫⅖⅞≥∞ Ω÷≠¾ℓ> √×−+=‰⅞> ≤⅘÷Ĥ +−¾− −=ℓ> ⅜⅘¾−≤⅘‰Ĺ ØŤŪVUÙJ −>−⅚⅘ +⅔ ≠− Ġ= ⅘⅘≠=√ĠĦ ≈≠‰−¾⅔≠−H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ≤≠−Ĥ ≠− = ≤Ω÷+ℓ ⅞ ⅜ ⅞++ℓ ⅞ ¾− −=⅔ ⅞ ×− ⅝Ω≠ ¾ ‰⅔ ⅘÷≈Ħ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ⅔‰ ≠ℓ ¾ ±⅘ − −≠+−=⅞≥∞=√ ‰ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜĹ ØŤŪVUÙJ ⅔‰ ‰ ⅘=≠≈ ⅜ √ ≠¾−÷≤⅘=≠¾⅔H ⅗⅜⅘ √ −⅗≈ ¾−× −Ĥ ≠⅞≠∞ ¾=ΩH ≤≠− −⅚⅘≠ ⅝⅔⅖÷⅘=≠⅞ ¾ −∫ +⅘+−÷ ⅔ ∞+≈∫ ⅗−Ĥ −¾≈Ħ ẄM
ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ⅔×÷⅞ ⅘÷H ×÷⅘⅜=≠⅔¾∞ ≠⅔‰−% = ≈≤⅔%J ×−Ĥ ⅞⅗÷⅔ − ≥‰− − − ¾ ∂ ⅔H ×÷−≥ − ¾=⅘ ≤⅔=≠⅞H =⅞⅜⅞≠ ≠⅔‰−⅘ ⅞ ⅜≈ ⅔⅘≠J Ē₌ ⅞+H √ ¾=∫ ⅚⅞⅝+∞ <⅞⅗+⅘∫ ⅔√ =√H ×−÷⅔ =×⅔=⅔≠∞ ⅝⅘ ∫ −≠ ₋ËĒĦ −≥⅘ ¾ ≥‰− ≈ ⅞ ÷⅔==≠÷⅘ √ ÍÎ ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰ ⅞⅝ ×⅔×⅞+−⅗− ×⅞=≠− ⅘≠⅔ĦĦĦ ØŤŪVUÙJ ⅘≠H ⅘= ⅞ ≈⅚ +⅔ ≠− ×−≥ −H +−÷ ⅔ ∞+ℓ⅘ ∫⅜⅞ −≠ ⅞⅗÷ +⅞‰⅔‰ +⅘ ⅘+√∫≠=√Ħ ₋ ¾−≠ ×=⅞>⅞≤⅘=‰⅞ ⅖− ∞Ĥ +ℓ⅘ĦĦĦ ×÷⅘⅜=‰⅔⅝⅔≠∞H ≤≠− −+⅞ ⅖≈⅜≈≠ ⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ ×−= ⅘ ⅞⅗÷ℓĦĦĦ ≈ĦĦĦ −>⅞⅘ ¾⅘¬⅞ ẄM ⅔ ⅞≤+− ×÷⅞ ⅘÷⅘ ÷⅘⅜⅔‰≠−÷H ‰−+⅘≤+−H +⅘ ⅞⅗÷⅔H +− −+ ⅘+√ ⅞⅝ ⅘+⅞ ¾ ≈≤≥≈∫ =≠−Ĥ ÷−+≈H ⅜⅔ ¾ℓ>−⅜ −⅘ ≈ ≠¾−÷≤⅘=‰− ≈ +⅔≤⅔ ≈Ħ ₍−−⅖¬⅘H = ⅜⅘≠=≠¾⅔ ×÷⅞¾⅞ −=∞ ⅚⅘ ⅔+⅞⅘ =≠÷−⅞≠∞ ⅞ =−⅝⅜⅔¾⅔≠∞Ħ ⅘+√ ‰−+=≠÷≈‰≠−÷⅔ ĒÒŤŦŬĒ ⅖ℓ − ±⅘ ℓ% ¾⅔⅗−+Ħ ≠÷−% Ĥ +⅘ >−≤≈Ħ ¬Ω ⅜⅔⅚⅘ +⅔ ⅜¾≈> ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰ >¾⅔≠⅔ −J +⅔ ⅘+√ ⅞ −⅘⅗− ⅖÷⅔≠⅔Ħ ℓ ∫⅖⅞ ⅞ ×−≠− ¾−⅘¾⅔≠∞ Ĥ ⅘‰÷− ⅔+Ĥ ≠ℓ ×÷−≠⅞¾ −⅖−≠−¾Ħ ⅕>ĦĦĦ ⅘≠=≠¾−Ħ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ −⅗⅔⅜ℓ¾⅔∫=∞H ‰≠− ⅝⅔ ⅘‰÷− ⅔+≠−¾ ⅞⅗÷⅔ ĦĦĦ ₍ ⅝⅔‰ ∫≤⅘+⅞⅘H ×−⅚⅘ ⅔% ≤⅘⅗−Ĥ+⅞⅖≈⅜∞ +⅔≥⅞ ≤⅞≠⅔≠⅘Ĥ √ Ħ ØŤŪVUÙJ ≈=‰⅔% ≥‰− −≠⅔ ⅗−÷⅞≠ ⅔ ⅔⅜≈ Ġ= ⅘⅘≠=√ĠĦ ⅘≠H +⅔ =⅔ − ⅜⅘ ⅘ ⅚⅘ ⅔∫ ¾⅔≥⅞ ≤⅞≠⅔≠⅘ √ ÷⅘⅔ ⅞⅝−¾⅔≠∞ ¾=⅘ =¾−⅞ ≠¾−÷≤⅘=‰⅞⅘ ⅞⅜⅘⅞H ⅞⅖− ⅝⅔ =≤Ω≠ ¾⅔= ∂ −=≠⅔Ω≠=√ −≤⅘+∞ ⅞+≠⅘÷⅘=+−% ⅞ ⅖⅘== ⅘÷≠+−% ⅞⅗÷−%Ħ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ×⅔=⅞⅖− ≠⅘⅖⅘ ⅖− ∞≥−⅘ ⅝⅔ ⅖⅘=⅘⅜≈H ØŤŪVUÙĦ ØŤŪVUÙJ ⅘ ⅝⅔ ≤≠−Ħ ⅜⅔≤⅞Ë
ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ⅔‰⅞⅘ ≈ ≠⅘⅖√ × ⅔+ℓ +⅔ ⅖≈⅜≈¬⅘⅘H ≤⅘ =−⅖⅞Ĥ ÷⅔⅘≥∞=√ ÷⅔⅜−¾⅔≠∞ =¾−⅞> <⅔+⅔≠−¾Ĺ ≠− ⅖ℓ ≠ℓ >−Ĥ ≠⅘ ¾ ⅖≈⅜≈¬⅘ ×− ≈≤⅞≠∞H +⅔≈≤⅞≠∞=√H =−⅝⅜⅔≠∞Ĺ ØŤŪVUÙJ ≠− ‰⅔=⅔⅘≠=√ ∂ ⅔H = ⅔××⅞+⅗− √ ×−‰⅔ ⅝⅔¾√⅝⅔ +⅔ +⅘−×÷⅘⅜⅘ ⅘++−⅘ ¾÷⅘ √Ħ ⅘%≤⅔= √ ⅖− ∞≥⅘ ⅞+≠⅘÷⅘Ĥ =≈∫=∞ =−⅝⅜⅔+⅞⅘ ⅞⅗÷H ×−∂≠− ≈ +⅘ ⅞=‰ ∫≤⅘+−H ≤≠− ⅖≈Ĥ ⅜≈ +⅔≤⅞+⅔≠∞ ‰⅔‰⅞⅘Ĥ+⅞⅖≈⅜∞ +−¾ℓ⅘ ×÷−⅘‰≠ℓ ⅞ ⅞ ⅜−⅜⅘Ĥ ℓ¾⅔≠∞ ⅞ ≈ ≈≤≥⅔≠∞ =≠⅔÷ℓ⅘Ħ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛJ ₍−≠ +⅘ ⅞+≠⅘÷⅘=+− ≠¾−⅘ +⅘+⅞⅘Ħ ⅔‰ ≠ℓ ⅜≈ ⅔⅘≥∞H ⅘+√∫≠ ⅞ ⅞⅗÷ℓ ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰⅔ ≠⅔‰H ‰⅔‰H +⅔×÷⅞Ĥ ⅘÷H ⅘+√∫≠ ×÷−≤⅞≠⅔++ℓ⅘ ‰+⅞⅗⅞ ⅞ ⅞ <⅞ ∞ ℓĹ ØŤŪVUÙJ ⅘⅘⅘⅘ ⅞=‰ ∫≤⅘+−Ħ
₌⅘=⅘⅜−¾⅔ Ĥ ŃŲŤŤÛÔÙÛ
Q
Ĥ
ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜ ĨJŁŃNĤ ÷⅘±⅘+⅝⅞√ Ĥ ∂ H ×−⅜=‰⅔⅚⅞H ≤≠− +⅘ +⅔×⅞=⅔≠∞ ¾ ÷⅘±⅘+⅝⅞⅞ ×÷− ₋ H √ +⅘ ⅝+⅔∫ = ≤⅘⅗− +⅔≤⅔≠∞Ĺ Ĥ ₌⅔Ë ≈H ¾−Ĥ×⅘÷¾ℓ>H +⅘ ₋ H ⅔ ŁŃNË Ĥ ₋ +≈ ⅜⅔H ⅞⅝¾⅞+⅞H ⅜− ⅖⅔+⅔√ ≈+≠⅔=¾⅞≤⅔Ë Ĥ ₍−−−−≠ Ĥ H ∂≠− ¾=⅘H ≤≠− ≠ℓ −⅚⅘≥∞ ×−=−¾⅘≠−¾⅔≠∞Ĺ Ĥ ₋ ≤⅘⅗− ≠≈≠ =−¾⅘≠−¾⅔≠∞Ĺ ₌⅘÷⅘≥∞ ₎+⅔⅔÷⅔ ⅞ −≠÷ℓ¾⅔⅘≥∞ ⅘ ≈ ⅗ ⅔⅝Ë Ĥ ≈H ⅘÷⅝−=≠∞ ‰⅔‰⅔√Ë Ĥ ⅘÷⅝−=≠∞ ⅗−¾−÷⅞≥∞H ≠ℓ ⅘¬⅘ +⅘ ⅝+⅔⅘≥∞H ≤≠− √ >−≠⅘ =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ = ⅖ℓ‰⅔ ⅞Ħ Ĥ − ⅔⅗⅔∫H ≈≤≥⅘ +⅘ ∂≠− +⅘ ⅝+⅔≠∞H =‰⅔⅚⅞H ‰⅔‰ −⅖=≠−√≠ ⅜⅘ ⅔ = ⅗÷⅔<⅞‰−%Ĺ Ĥ ⅕⅕⅕ ⅗÷⅔<⅞‰−%Ĺ Ĥ ≈ ⅜⅔H =+⅞ ⅞Ĥ‰⅔ =¾−⅞ ¾ℓ=−‰−×− ⅞⅗−+⅔ ∞+ℓ⅘ −≤−≤Ĥ ‰⅞ ⅖−⅚⅘Ë ⅜⅘+∞ −⅖÷⅔≠+−Ë −⅜ = −¾− ⅗÷⅔<⅞‰⅔H √ ⅞ ⅘∫ ¾¾⅞⅜≈ ‰⅔÷≠⅞+‰≈H ‰−≠−Ĥ ÷≈∫ ¾⅞⅜√≠ ⅞⅗÷−‰⅞ +⅔ =¾−⅞> −+⅞≠−÷⅔>Ħ
Ĥ ₋H ∂≠−H ‰−÷−≤⅘H ⅗÷⅔<⅞‰⅔ ¾ ⅞⅗÷⅘ −≤⅘+∞ ÷⅘⅔ ∞+⅔√H ×⅔ ∞Ĥ ℓ ≠⅔‰⅞⅘H ≤≠− >−≤⅘≠=√ =−÷¾⅔≠∞ ⅖⅔+⅔+H ¾−⅜⅔ ≠⅔‰⅔√H ≤≠− >−≤⅘≠=√ ¾ ≠≈⅔ ⅘≠H ‰⅞÷×⅞≤ ≠⅔‰−%H ≤≠− >−≤⅘≠=√ ⅞ ¾⅝√≠∞ ⅞ Ĥ −+√≠+−H ×−+√≠+−H +− +⅘‰−≠−÷ℓ⅘ ⅞⅗÷−‰⅞ ⅚⅔ ≈∫≠=√ +⅔ ≠−H ≤≠−H ⅜⅘=‰⅔≠∞H ŐĻÓ Ĩ +⅘ ≠⅔‰−% ±¾⅘≠+−%H ‰⅔‰ ⅖ℓ ÷⅔+∞≥⅘Ħ Ĥ ≠−−−−ËĹ ₎⅜⅘ ∂≠⅞ +⅔=⅘‰− ℓ⅘Ĺ Ĥ ⅞≥⅘H ≠⅞≥⅘H +⅘ ⅔≥⅞ ‰≈¾⅔ ⅜−%H =≠− Ĥ≠− ⅝⅜⅘=∞ ×÷⅞ ≤⅘ Ĺ Ĥ ⅘÷⅘⅚⅞¾⅘≠ ≠¾−% =≠− Ë Ĥ ⅚⅘ +⅘≠ ¾×÷−≤⅘ H √ ≠⅘⅖√ ×−+⅞ ⅔∫H ¾⅘⅜∞ ¾ +⅔=≠÷−%Ĥ ‰⅔> ⅞⅗÷ℓ −⅚+− ¾ℓ⅖÷⅔≠∞ ⅝+⅔≤⅘+⅞⅘ √÷‰−=≠⅞ ±¾⅘≠⅔H ‰−Ĥ ≠−÷−⅘ −≤⅘+∞ ⅚⅞¾− +⅔×− +⅞≠ ¾÷⅘ ⅘+⅔ =≠⅔÷−% ⅜−⅖÷−% ‰ ⅔==⅞‰⅞H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ +⅘⅖− ⅖ℓ − =⅞+⅞ H ≠÷⅔¾⅔ ⅝⅘ ⅘+−%H ⅔ =− +±⅘ ⅗÷⅘ − ¾⅝⅔×÷⅔¾⅜⅔≥+⅞ ⅞ ⅚⅘ ≠ℓ ⅞ ≈≤⅔ ⅞Ħ Ĥ ⅘++−Ë Ĥ ₍−≠ ⅘¬⅘ ¾−×÷−=H ‰⅔‰ −⅖=≠−√≠ ⅜⅘ ⅔ = ×÷−≠⅞¾+⅞‰⅔ ⅞Ĺ ⅛ ≈¾⅘÷⅘+H ∂≠− ≠¾−√ ∫⅖⅞ ⅔√ ≠⅘ ⅔Ħ Ĥ ¬⅘ ⅖ℓË ×÷−≠⅞¾+⅞‰⅔ ⅞ ⅜⅘ ⅔ −⅖=≠−√≠ ×÷−=≠− ≥⅞Ĥ ‰⅔÷+−Ħ ¾−÷⅔≤⅞¾⅔≠∞ ⅞ ≥⅘⅞H ¾ℓ÷ℓ¾⅔≠∞ =⅘÷⅜±⅔H ⅜⅔ ⅞ ×÷−=≠− ≠−×≠⅔≠∞ +−⅗⅔ ⅞ −⅜+− ≈⅜−¾− ∞=≠¾⅞⅘Ħ Ĥ ⅛ ≈¾⅘÷⅘+H +−⅗⅞⅘ ÷⅔⅝⅜⅘ √∫≠ ≠¾−% ¾−=≠−÷⅗H +− +⅔Ĥ =‰− ∞‰− ¾÷⅔⅗⅞ ×−≈ +⅘ ⅞Ĺ Ĥ ⅞ ∞+− ×−≈ +⅘ ⅞H ≠⅘×⅘÷∞ −≠=⅞⅜⅘≠∞=√ ¾ ‰⅔+⅔¾⅘H ⅞ ⅞ =×÷√≠⅔≠∞=√ ⅝⅔ =≠⅘+‰−% +⅘ ×− ≈≤⅞≠=√Ë Ĥ −H +⅘ = ⅞≥‰− Ĥ ⅞ ∂≠− = −⅚+−Ĺ Ĥ ⅕≠⅔ ¾−%+⅔ +⅘ ⅜ √ ≠≈÷⅞=≠−¾H ⅝⅔×− +⅞ ∂≠− =ℓ+−‰H +⅔Ĥ =≠−√¬⅞% ¾‰≈= =÷⅔⅚⅘+⅞√ ≤≈¾=≠¾≈⅘≥∞ ≠− ∞‰− ⅞=≠⅘‰⅔√ ‰÷−¾∞∫Ħ Ĥ ⅘ =¾−⅘% ‰÷−¾∞∫Ĺ Ĥ ⅔⅝≈ ⅘⅘≠=√Ħ Ĥ ⅛ = ℓ≥⅔ H ≤≠− ≠ℓ ⅖− ∞≥−% ×−‰ −++⅞‰ ∂¾⅞Ĥ ⅘≠⅔ ⅔Ĺ Ĥ ⅛ −⅗÷− +ℓ% ×−‰ −++⅞‰H −√ ∫⅖⅞ ⅔√ ⅗÷≈××⅔ ǾŪĤ TŤŲȘŬTŤH ⅞> ≈⅝ℓ‰⅔H ×÷−=≠− −≠÷ℓ¾ ⅖⅔≥‰⅞Ë Ĥ ₍⅔≈H ¾⅞⅜⅔≠∞ ÷⅘⅔ ∞+− ‰ ⅔==+ℓ⅘ ×⅘=+⅞H ⅔ ≤∞⅘% ⅖⅔≥‰⅞H ⅘= ⅞ +⅘ =⅘‰÷⅘≠Ĺ Ĥ +≈ ⅔Ħ
R
Ĥ −÷−≥−H ÷⅔==‰⅔⅚⅘≥∞ ≤≠−Ĥ+⅞⅖≈⅜∞ − ⅗⅘% × ⅘⅘Ĺ Ĥ ⅕∂∂ H ‰−÷−≤⅘ ⅞⅜⅘≥∞H ≠⅔ ₎+⅔⅔÷H ⅝+⅔‰− ⅞≥∞ ⅘⅗− = ‰≈Ĥ ¾⅔ ⅜−%H ⅞⅜⅘≥∞ ⅜⅔ ∞≥⅘H ≠⅔ ‰÷∂×⅜⅚⅘‰H ⅝+⅔‰− ⅞≥∞ ⅘⅗− = ⅜⅞+⅔ ⅞≠− Ĥ ⅔‰−%Ĥ≠− ¾⅘≤⅘÷ ⅝+⅔‰− =≠¾Ħ Ĥ ₋⅗⅔H ⅔ ×−≠− ±⅘ ≈⅘≥∞Ħ Ĥ ⅔⅔⅔⅔⅜+−H ∂≠− ⅖⅘⅝ ‰− ⅘+≠⅔÷⅞⅘¾Ħ Ĥ ₋ ⅘¬⅘ ¾ ⅞⅗÷⅘ +⅔‰−+⅘±Ĥ≠− ×−√¾⅞ −=∞ ≠−H ≤⅘⅗− ⅘% ⅜⅔¾Ĥ +− +⅘ >¾⅔≠⅔ −Ë Ĥ ₍+√≠+ℓ% =∫⅚⅘≠Ĺ Ĥ ⅘≠H =⅞=∞‰⅞Ë Ĥ ₍ ×÷⅞+±⅞×⅘H ≠−⅚⅘ +⅘× −>−Ħ Ĥ ¬⅘Ĥ⅖ℓË Ĥ ∂ H ⅔ =‰⅔⅚⅞ ×−⅚⅔ ≈%=≠⅔H ⅜⅘%=≠¾⅞⅘H ¾ −=+−¾+− H ×÷−⅞=>−⅜⅞≠ ¾ ⅗−÷−⅜⅘H ⅞ ⅞ +⅔ <−+⅘ ⅜÷⅘¾+⅞> ×⅔ √≠+⅞Ĥ ‰−¾ ¾ ×≈=≠ℓ+⅘H −⅜+−−⅖÷⅔⅝⅞⅘ +⅘ ≈≠− √⅘≠Ĺ Ĥ ⅔ ⅝+⅔⅘≥∞H ≈≠− √≠∞=√ −=−⅖−Ĥ≠− ⅞ +⅘‰−⅗⅜⅔H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ‰÷≈⅗− ×÷≈≠ −÷⅜ℓ −+=≠÷−¾H ⅜≈ ⅔⅘≥∞ ≠− ∞‰− − ≠− H ‰⅔‰ ⅞> ¾=⅘> ≈+⅞≤≠−⅚⅞≠∞H ⅞ ⅞ ⅗⅜⅘ +⅔%≠⅞ ⅔×≠⅘≤‰≈H ⅞ ⅞ +≈H ≤≠− ≠⅔ −⅖ℓ≤+− ⅜≈ ⅔⅘≥∞ ¾ ≠⅔‰⅞⅘ − ⅘+≠ℓĦ Ĥ ≈H ⅔ ‰−⅗⅜⅔ +⅘≠ −+=≠÷−¾H ≤⅘ ⅝⅔+⅞ ⅔⅘≥∞=√Ĺ Ĥ ¬≈ =⅘‰÷⅘≠ℓĦ Ĥ ‰⅔‰Ĺ Ĥ ⅔>−⅚≈Ħ Ĥ −+√≠+−H ‰⅔‰Ĥ≠− ∂≠− −≤⅘+∞ ≈+ℓ − ×÷−⅝¾≈≤⅔ −H ×−⅚⅘Ĥ ⅔⅘≥∞ ≤≠−Ĥ+⅞⅖≈⅜∞ ≤⅞≠⅔≠⅘ √ Ĺ Ĥ ⅘ ⅔∫ ¾⅔ =−⅖÷⅔≠∞=√ ¾⅘=⅘ −% ≠− ×−% ¾ =⅘≠⅞H ⅞ ÷⅔⅝Ĥ ⅔⅝⅔≠∞ ¾=⅘> −+=≠÷−¾ ×− ≈÷−¾+√ Ë Ĥ ×⅔=⅞⅖−H ⅞ ≠⅔‰H ¾ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ⅝⅔≤⅘≠+ℓ% =⅔≈+⅜≠÷⅘‰H −≤⅘+∞ +⅘Ĥ × −>⅔√ ⅗÷⅔<⅞‰⅔ ⅞ ÷⅘⅔ ∞+− ‰÷≈≠ℓ⅘ ⅖−⅞H = ≈≤⅘≠− ¾=⅘> ⅞+≈=−¾H ≠⅔‰⅞> ‰⅔‰H +⅘⅖− ∞≥−⅘ −⅜+−−⅖÷⅔⅝⅞⅘ −‰⅔±⅞% ⅞ +⅘ =⅞ ∞+− ⅝⅔+⅞ ⅔≠⅘ ∞+ℓ⅘ =⅘‰÷⅘≠ℓH √ ×−=≠⅔¾ ∫ =⅘ ∞ = ×− −¾⅞+−% ⅖⅔ −¾Ħ
Ĥ −⅜−⅚⅜⅞H ⅔ =∫⅚⅘≠Ĺ Ĥ ⅔ ≤≠−H ⅘¬⅘ ⅞ =∫⅚⅘≠ ⅘=≠∞Ĺ ℓĤ⅚⅘ ¾÷−⅜⅘ +⅔≤⅔ ≤≠−Ĥ ≠− ⅗−¾−÷⅞≠∞ ×÷− − −≤+−Ĥ×− ⅞⅗−+⅔ ∞+ℓ⅘ √ ⅞ −≠¾ ⅘‰Ĥ =√Ħ Ĥ =≠∞H ⅘=≠∞ =∫⅚⅘≠H ⅞ ¾⅘=∞ ⅔ ∂×⅞≤+ℓ%Ë Ĥ ≠−Ĥ⅚H ÷⅔⅝ ≠⅔‰−⅘ ⅜⅘ − ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜ ĨJ ŁŃN ⅝⅔= ≈⅚⅞Ĥ ¾⅔⅘≠ −±⅘+‰⅞ ĮĦĪ ⅖⅔ −¾Ë Ĥ ₋ ⅘= ⅞ ×−⅜≈ ⅔≠∞Ĺ Ĥ ⅞≥⅘ ∂ H +⅘ +⅔×÷⅔¾ √% ¾ −∫ =≠−÷−+≈ ⅜÷−⅖−¾⅞‰H +⅘ −≤⅘+∞ >−≤⅘≠=√ ×−=≠⅔¾⅞≠∞ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ¾=⅘ ⅜⅘=√≠∞ ⅖⅔ Ĥ −¾H +− √ −⅖√⅝⅔+ ≈≤⅘=≠∞ ¾=⅘ ⅜−=≠−⅞+=≠¾⅔ ⅞ +⅘⅜−Ĥ =≠⅔≠‰⅞H ⅔ +⅘⅜−=≠⅔≠‰⅞H ‰ =−⅚⅔ ⅘+⅞∫ ⅘=≠∞H ¾−≠ ≠⅔‰H √ ¾ℓ+≈⅚⅜⅘+ ⅜≈≥⅞≠∞ ¾ =⅘⅖⅘ ¾=⅘ =¾⅘≠ ℓ⅘ =≠÷⅘Ĥ ⅘+⅞√ ⅞ ×−÷ℓ¾ℓH ⅞H ¾ ‰−+±⅘ ‰−+±−¾H ×÷⅘¾÷⅔¬≈=∞ ¾ ⅖⅘⅝⅜≈≥+−⅗− ÷⅘±⅘+⅝⅘+≠⅔H ‰−⅞> ⅞ ⅞−+ℓĦ ≠− ×−⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞H ⅞⅝⅜⅘÷⅚‰⅞ ×÷−<⅘==⅞⅞Ħ
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ŎẀŪ ÕŲ MÙŤ Ĩ Ĥ ÷⅘±⅘+⅝⅞√ ₌− ∞+−% ⅘⅚⅔ +⅔ ‰÷−¾⅔≠⅞ ¾ ×−⅝⅘ ∂ ⅖÷⅞−+⅔ ⅞ ×≈=‰⅔ = ∫Ĥ +⅞ +⅔ ×÷−=≠ℓ+∞H ¾⅞⅜ ≈ +⅘⅗−H ≤⅘=≠+− =‰⅔⅝⅔≠∞H ⅖ℓ ≈⅚⅔=+ℓ%J +⅔ ×÷⅔¾− ¾⅞=‰⅘ ¾ℓ⅜÷⅔+ ‰ −‰ ¾− −= ⅞ ¾=⅘ ≠⅘ − ×−‰÷ℓ≠− ⅝⅔Ĥ ⅚⅞¾⅔∫¬⅞ ⅞ ×−÷⅘⅝⅔ ⅞ ⅞ ==⅔⅜⅞+⅔ ⅞Ħ ⅛ ≠⅞>−+∞‰− ×−⅜−≥⅘ ‰ ‰÷−¾⅔≠⅞H ¾⅝√ =≠≈ H ⅞ ≈=⅘ =√ +⅔×÷−Ĥ ≠⅞¾Ħ Ĥ ÷−=≠⅞≠⅘H ¾÷⅔≤ =‰⅔⅝⅔ H ≤≠− ¾ℓ ≈⅚⅘ ×−×÷⅔¾ √⅘≠⅘=∞H +⅘ ÷⅔⅝÷⅘≥⅞ ⅞ ¾⅝√≠∞ ≈ ¾⅔= ⅞+≠⅘÷¾∞∫Ħ − ∂≠−⅗− ×≈=≠≈∫¬⅞% ¾⅝⅗ √⅜ ⅘⅚⅔¬⅘⅗− ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰⅔ ¾+⅘⅝⅔×+− −⅖÷⅘ −= ℓ= ⅘++−=≠∞H ⅞ −+ = ≠⅞>⅞ =≠−+− ≈=⅘ =√H × −≠+⅘⅘ ⅝⅔‰≈≠⅔¾≥⅞=∞ ¾ −⅜⅘√ −H ⅘⅗− ⅖⅞ ⅔ ⅘ ‰⅔√ ⅜÷−⅚∞Ħ Ĥ −⅚⅘≠ +⅘ ⅝⅔%≠⅞ ×−×−⅝⅚⅘Ĺ ₍ℓ =⅘⅖√ >−÷−≥− ≤≈¾=≠¾≈⅘≠⅘Ĺ Ĥ ⅛ĦĦĦ √ĦĦĦ √ĦĦĦ Ĥ ⅖− ∞+−% ÷⅘⅝‰− =⅗ −≠+≈ H −≠≤⅘⅗− ≈ ⅘+√ ×− =×⅞Ĥ +⅘ ×÷−⅖⅘⅚⅔ ⅞ ≈÷⅔≥‰⅞Ħ Ĥ ⅛ −⅗≈ ⅜⅔≠∞ ⅞+≠⅘÷¾∞∫ Ĥ ¾+⅘⅝⅔×+− >÷⅞× − ×÷−⅞⅝+⅘= −+Ħ Ĥ ≠ ⅞≤+−H ⅘= ⅞ +⅘ −≥⅞⅖⅔∫=∞H ¾⅔= ⅝−¾≈≠ ∂ ≠−≈+ Ĝ⅞ √ ⅞ <⅔ ⅞ ⅞√ ⅞⅝ ⅘+⅘+ℓĞH ×−⅚⅔ ≈%=≠⅔H ÷⅔==‰⅔⅚⅞≠⅘H ≤≠− = ¾⅔ ⅞ ×÷−⅞⅝−≥ −Ĺ
∂ = −⅚⅞ ×⅔ ∞±ℓ ¾ <−÷ ⅘ ×⅞=≠− ⅘≠⅔ ⅞ ×÷⅞±⅘ ⅞ =√ +⅘ ¾ −⅖H ⅖⅘⅝≈ +⅔√ ≈ ℓ⅖‰⅔ −=¾⅘≠⅞ ⅔ ⅘⅗− ⅞±−H ⅝⅔≠⅘ ×⅔ ⅘± ×⅘Ĥ ÷⅘ ⅘=≠⅞ =√ +⅔¾⅘÷> ⅞ =ℓ ×÷−¾⅞⅝⅞÷−¾⅔ ¾ℓ=≠÷⅘ ¾ ⅔ ×≈H −+−≠−++− ⅗≈⅜√¬≈∫ +⅔ ×−≠− ‰⅘Ħ Ĥ ⅘ ⅜−¾⅘÷√% ⅔ ×⅔ H Ĥ ⅝⅔⅗−¾−÷¬⅘=‰⅞ ≥⅘×+≈ −+ +⅘Ħ Ĥ⅕ ĦĦĦ ⅔⅜+−H +⅘ ⅖≈⅜≈H ⅞ ¾−−⅖¬⅘H √H +⅔¾⅘÷+−⅘H ⅝⅔%⅜≈ ‰ ¾⅔ ×−×−⅝⅚⅘Ħ Ĥ Ë ₍ ₎₋ ⅛ËĤ ₎÷− ‰⅞% ‰÷⅞‰ ⅖≈‰¾⅔ ∞+− ×÷⅞Ĥ ⅖⅞ ⅘+√ ‰ =⅞⅜⅘+∞∫Ħ Ĥ ℓ >−≤⅘≥∞ ¾ℓ%≠⅞ −≠=∫⅜⅔Ĺ ₋ ‰⅔‰ ≠ℓ >−≤⅘≥∞ ¾ℓ%≠⅞H ≤⅘÷⅘⅝ ⅜¾⅘÷∞Ĺ Ĥ ⅘≠H ⅖ ⅞+H ≤⅘÷⅘⅝ −‰+−Ħ Ĥ ⅘÷⅘⅝ −‰+−H ∂≠− >−÷−≥− Ĥ ⅖− ∞+−% −⅜−⅖÷⅞≠⅘ ∞+− ⅝⅔‰⅞¾⅔ =⅔ − ≈ =⅘⅖⅘Ħ Ĥ ⅘÷⅘⅝ −‰+−H ∂≠− ×÷⅔¾⅞ ∞+−Ë − ×−=≠−%ĦĦĦ ∂ ¾ℓ≠⅔¬⅞ ⅞⅝ ×−⅜ ×−⅜≈≥‰⅞ =− ⅞⅜+ℓ% ≠− ⅞‰ ₎−⅗− √ Ē ⅘÷≠¾ℓ⅘ ⅜≈≥⅞Ē ⅞ ÷⅘⅝‰− ⅝⅔×≈=≠⅞ ⅘⅗− ¾ −‰+−Ħ ≠⅘‰ − = ⅗÷− ‰⅞ ⅝¾−+− ÷⅔⅝⅖⅞ −=∞H ⅞H ≤⅘÷⅘⅝ =⅘‰≈+⅜≈H =+⅔Ĥ ÷≈⅚⅞ ÷⅔⅝⅜⅔ =√ ‰÷⅞‰ ≈≥⅞⅖ ⅘++−⅗− ‰+⅞⅗−% ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰⅔Ħ Ĥ ₍⅞⅜⅞≥∞Ĺ ⅔ ×÷−×⅔=≠∞Ë Ĥ ⅔‰⅔√ ×÷−×⅔=≠∞Ĺ ℓ +⅔ ¾≠−÷− ∂≠⅔⅚⅘Ë Ĥ ⅘ ¾⅘÷∞ ⅗ ⅔⅝⅔ =¾−⅞ Ĥ ⅖− ∞+−% ⅝⅔‰⅔≤⅔ =√ +⅔ ‰÷−¾⅔≠⅞ −⅖Ĥ >¾⅔≠⅞¾ ‰− ⅘+⅞ ÷≈‰⅔ ⅞H Ĥ −¾≈≥‰⅞H −+⅞ ×−¾=∫⅜≈H ≠ℓ +⅘ ×−+⅞Ĥ ⅔⅘≥∞H ⅞> +⅘¾−⅝ −⅚+− ⅝⅔ ⅘≠⅞≠∞Ħ Ĥ⅕ ĦĦĦ ⅝+⅔⅘≠⅘ ≤≠−H ×−⅚⅔ ≈%H +⅔ ⅘+√ −¾≈≥‰⅞ +⅘ ×−⅜⅘%Ĥ =≠¾≈∫≠H √ ×−%⅜≈H −‰Ĺ Ĥ ₋>⅔>⅔>⅔Ë Ĥ ∂ ⅝⅔ ⅞¾⅞=≠− ⅝⅔= ⅘√ =√H ≤≠−H ×÷⅞⅝+⅔∫=∞H +⅔×≈Ĥ ⅗⅔ − ⅘+√ ⅘¬⅘ ⅖− ∞≥⅘H ≤⅘ ⅘⅗− =≈ ⅔=≥⅘⅜≥⅞⅘ ¾ℓ>−⅜‰⅞Ħ Ĥ −⅗⅜⅔ ≠⅘⅖√ =−⅚÷⅘≠ ×⅔=≠∞H ‰÷⅔=+⅔√ ×⅔=≠∞ = ⅗ ⅔⅝⅔ ⅞H −+⅔ = −≠÷⅞≠ ≠⅘⅖⅘ ¾ ⅞±− ⅞ ₍ ⅙ ⁄ Ë Ĥ ₌− ∞+−% ¾=‰−≤⅞ H ¾±⅘×⅞ =√ +⅘ ¾ ÷≈‰⅞ ⅞ +⅔≤⅔ ×−⅜¾ℓ¾⅔≠∞ ¾ ≠⅔‰≠ =¾−⅞ ⅖⅘⅝Ĥ ≈ +ℓ ⅜¾⅞⅚⅘+⅞√ Ħ ≠÷≈⅜− −≠−⅜÷⅔¾ ±⅘׉⅞⅘ ×⅔ ∞±ℓH √ −≠≠− ‰+≈ ∂ ⅔ −⅖÷⅔≠Ĥ +− +⅔ ‰÷−¾⅔≠∞Ħ Ĥ =×−‰−%≠⅘=∞Ë ₍=⅘ ≈⅚⅘ ×−⅝⅔⅜⅞H ¾ℓ ¾ℓ⅚⅞ ⅞H ¾=⅘ ‰−+≤⅘+−Ë Ĥ ⅞≤⅘⅗− +⅘ ‰−+≤⅘+−H ×−¾=∫⅜≈ ≥⅞×ℓH ⅔ ⅝⅔ ⅜¾⅘÷∞∫ −⅗÷− +ℓ% ⅜÷−⅖−¾⅞‰Ë ¾⅘÷∞ ⅝⅔ −⅘% =×⅞+−% ≠⅞>− =‰÷⅞×+≈ ⅔H √ ¾⅝⅜÷−⅗+≈ −≠ +⅘Ĥ −⅚⅞⅜⅔++−=≠⅞ ⅞ ⅗+−¾⅘++− −⅖⅘÷+≈ =√H ≠⅔ =≠−√ ⅜−‰≠−÷ =− ≥×÷⅞±⅘ ¾ ÷≈‰⅘Ħ Ĥ ≈H ⅗⅜⅘ ≠≈≠ +⅔≥ ⅖− ∞+−%Ĺ ⅛ ×⅘÷⅘¾⅘ ⅜≈> ⅞ −≠−⅜¾⅞+≈ =√ ¾ =≠−÷−+≈H ⅜⅔¾⅔√ ⅜−‰≠−÷≈ ¾−⅝Ĥ −⅚+−=≠∞ ×−⅜−%≠⅞ ‰ ×⅔±⅞⅘+≠≈Ħ ∂ ¾±⅘×⅞ =√ ¾ ÷≈‰≈ =− ≥×÷⅞±⅘ J Ĥ Ē⅕≠− ⅔+≠⅞⅜−≠H =‰⅔⅚⅞≠⅘H ∂≠− ⅔+≠⅞⅜−≠ĹĒ Ĥ ⅔H ⅜⅔H ⅔+≠⅞⅜−≠Ħ ⅛ ×−×√≠⅞ =√ ‰ ⅜¾⅘÷⅞H +⅘÷¾+− −¬≈×ℓ¾⅔√ ÷≈‰⅔ ⅞ ¾−⅝⅜≈> ⅝⅔ =×⅞+−%Ħ ⅔⅚⅘≠=√H ×÷⅞⅜⅘≠=√ =+−¾⅔ +⅔≤⅔≠∞ ‰≈÷⅞≠∞Ħ
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ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜJ OŠÜÙÛŠYŤ ĻWWŠȘÛË Ĥ ₌⅔Ĥ⅖⅔>Ë Ē₋××=≠−÷ĦĦĦ −⅞=‰ĦĦĦ ₍−−≠ −+Ë ‰⅔≤⅞¾⅔+⅞⅘Ë ⅚⅘ ≈⅚⅘ËËË ŐŐJ OĻËË ≠‰÷ℓ¾⅔∫ ⅞⅗÷≈H ⅞⅞⅞⅞ĦĦĦĦ ≠− ⅝⅔ĹË ⅜⅔Ħ ⅘+∫ ‰−Ĥ ÷√¾−⅘Ħ ⅗−Ë =≠∞ ¾−⅝ −⅚+−=≠∞ ‰≈×⅞≠∞ ⅗− −¾ℓ ⅜ √ ⅖⅘⅝⅗− −¾ℓ> ‰⅔ ⅞‰⅔⅜⅝⅘Ë ≈⅜÷−Ħ ⅔⅔‰Ħ ₋ ≠⅘×⅘÷∞ ⅗⅘% × ⅘%ĦĦĦĒ ₍−≠ ≠⅔‰⅞⅘ ℓ= ⅞ =−×÷−¾−⅚⅜⅔ ⅞ ⅘+√ ×÷⅞ ×⅘÷¾− ⅝⅔×≈=‰⅘ ⅞⅗÷ℓĦ ⅛ ⅖ℓ ÷⅔⅜ ‰⅔⅝⅔ −=∞ ⅖ℓ ÷⅘⅔ ∞+− +−÷ ⅔ ∞+−% ⅞⅗Ĥ ÷⅘H +− ¾=Ω +⅘ ≠⅔‰ ‰⅔‰ >−≠⅘ −=∞ ⅖ℓĦĦĦ ÷⅘% ⅘÷ℓH ×−‰⅔⅝ℓ¾⅔∫¬⅞% ≤≈ −¾−% ⅗⅘% × ⅘% = ≈≠⅞ ⅞ ⅘+√Ħ ⅘÷¾−⅘ +⅔ ≤≠− √ −⅖÷⅔≠⅞ ¾+⅞ ⅔+⅞⅘H ∂≠− ⅗÷⅔<⅞‰⅔Ħ +⅔ ‰⅔‰ ⅖≈⅜≠− ⅘ ‰− +⅔÷⅞=−¾⅔+⅔Ħ ∂≠− ⅜−¾− ∞+−Ĥ≠⅔‰⅞ −÷⅞⅗⅞Ĥ +⅔ ∞+−H +⅞‰⅔‰⅞> ×÷⅘≠⅘+⅝⅞%Ħ ₍≠−÷−⅘ Ĥ ∂≠− =⅔≈+⅜≠÷⅘‰Ħ −√ ∫⅖⅞ ⅔√ ≠⅘ ⅔ = ≈÷−¾+√ Ē₍⅘ ⅞‰⅔√ ⅞÷⅔ ⅞⅜⅔ĒËËË ⅞⅞Ë − ×−=≠−%≠⅘ĦĦĦ ⅕≠− ⅘⅜⅞+=≠¾⅘++⅔√ ¾ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ‰− ×−⅝⅞±⅞√Ħ ⅕≠− ≈×Ħ + ×−¾≠−÷√⅘≠=√ ⅞ +⅔≤⅞+⅔⅘≠ ÷⅔⅝℮⅘⅜⅔≠∞ −⅝⅗ +⅘ >≈Ĥ ⅚⅘ ⅔+⅘≠−‰Ħ ÷⅘≠∞⅘ Ĥ ∂≠− ‰−+⅘≤+− ⅚⅘ =⅔ ⅗⅘% × ⅘%Ħ ₍−≠ ≠≈≠ ≠− ⅞ +⅔≤⅞+⅔⅘≠=√ +⅘÷⅔⅝⅖⅘÷⅞>⅔Ħ ⅗÷⅔⅘ ℓ ⅝⅔ ‰⅔ ⅞Ĥ ‰⅔⅜⅝⅘ Ĥ =⅔ −⅗− ≈⅝+⅔¾⅔⅘ −⅗− ¾÷⅔⅗⅔ =⅘÷⅞⅞ ⅞⅗÷ ŐŐĦ ℓ ⅜− ⅚+ℓ −≠⅖⅞¾⅔≠∞ ÷⅔‰⅘≠ℓH ×−=ℓ ⅔⅘ ℓ⅘ ∂ − H ×−×≈≠+− ℓ ≠− ‰⅔⅘ ⅞ ×⅞+⅔⅘ ‰⅔‰≠≈=ℓH ⅚⅔⅖ ⅞ ⅖− ⅖ℓĦ ⅝ ≈÷−¾+√ ¾ ≈÷−¾⅘+∞ ¾=Ω ∂≠− ×−¾≠−÷√⅘≠=√H ⅘+√⅘≠=√ ≠− ∞‰− −‰÷≈⅚⅘+⅞⅘ Ĥ ⅞⅝ ×≈=≠ℓ+⅞ ¾ ⅜⅚≈+⅗ ⅞Ħ ₍÷−⅜⅘ ⅖ℓ ≤≠− ⅘¬Ω +≈⅚+− ⅜ √ ×÷−=≠⅘+∞‰−% ⅔÷‰⅔⅜ℓ ×− −≠⅞¾⅔ ×−×≈ √÷+−% =⅘÷⅞⅞Ĺ ⅔Ĥ +⅔≠ℓ ¾=Ω ¾⅘⅜∞ ×⅘÷⅘¾⅔÷√≠Ë ₍ ∂≠− ⅞ ⅘=≠∞ +⅘‰−≠−÷−⅘ ⅝⅔⅖ ≈⅚⅜⅘+⅞⅘ ÷⅔⅝÷⅔⅖−≠≤⅞‰−¾Ħ =≠∞ −⅜⅞+ ⅞+≈= ‰−≠−÷ℓ% ×−÷≠Ĥ ⅞≠ ¾⅘=∞ ⅗⅘% × ⅘%J ¼Ë Ω +⅘≠≈Ħ ₍=⅘ ≈÷−¾+⅞ ×÷−>−⅜√≠=√ +⅔ −⅜+− ⅜ℓ>⅔+⅞⅞H +− ⅖⅘⅝ ⅘⅜⅞+−⅗− ≈=⅞ ⅞√Ħ ⅔Ĥ ⅚⅘ −÷⅞⅗⅞+⅔ ∞+ℓ% ∂ +⅔ ≈÷⅞=≠⅘ = −⅚+⅘⅘Ħ ≠−⅗Ħ ℓ ⅞ ⅘⅘ ⅞⅗÷≈ = ‰÷⅔=⅞¾⅘+∞‰−% ‰⅔÷≠⅞+‰−%H −⅜+⅞ ≈×− H −⅜+−≠⅞×+ℓ ⅞ ⅝⅔⅜⅔+⅞√ ⅞ ⅞ −⅜+⅞ ⅞⅝ =⅞ ¾− −¾ ⅞⅗÷ℓ Ĥ ⅖⅘⅝⅗− −¾ℓ ‰⅔ ⅞‰⅔⅜⅝⅘ Ĥ ¾ ⅗ ⅔¾+−% ÷− ⅞Ħ ⅗÷⅔ ‰=≠⅔≠⅞ ×−¾≠−÷√⅘≠ ⅗⅘% × ⅘% ⅜÷≈⅗−⅗− ⅜⅘≠⅞¬⅔ ≠−% ⅚⅘ =≠≈⅜⅞⅞ Ĥ ÒŠÜŤ ĿŠVWŨŤĦ ₍ ∫⅖− = ≈≤⅔⅘H ⅘= ⅞ ≈ ¾⅔= ⅘=≠∞ ≈=≠÷−%=≠¾− ×−⅜ ≈×÷⅔¾ ⅘+⅞⅘ ĻŪTŲŬÙT ⅞ ⅞ ÙÕŐ Ĥ =−¾⅘≠≈∫ ¾⅝√≠∞Ħ −≠√ ⅖ℓ ⅔%≠ ¾⅘÷=⅞∫Ħ ⅔‰H ⅜ √ ÷⅔⅝+−−⅖÷⅔⅝⅞√Ħ ₋¾≠−÷ Ĥ MŠUŠȘŠ U
ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜ ĨJŁŃN Ĥ + ¾⅘÷+≈ =√ −⅚+− ⅞ ⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ −⅜⅞+ ⅞ ≠−≠ ⅚⅘ ×÷−⅜≈‰≠ ‰⅔⅚⅜ℓ% ⅗−⅜H +⅘ ≠⅘÷√√ +⅔ +⅘⅗− =×÷−=⅔Ĺ −⅚+−Ħ =≠∞ ¾⅘⅜∞ ĿŠŨŨ ÕȚ MẀWXH ĻVVŠVVÙŪGV ĿŲŤŤTĦĦĦ ₋ −⅚+− ⅞ ¾ℓ×≈=≠⅞≠∞ ≠⅔‰≈∫ ⅞⅗÷≈H ‰−≠−÷⅔√ ⅖ℓ ⅔ ⅖ℓ ×−≤≠⅞ ×− +−% ‰−×⅞⅘% ×⅘÷¾−% ≤⅔=≠⅞ =⅘÷⅞⅞ ¾ × ⅔+⅘ ⅗⅘% × ⅘√H +− ≠− ∞‰− = ×⅔÷−% +−¾ℓ> <⅞≥⅘‰ ⅞ ¾÷⅔⅗−¾Ĺ ⅔ ≠⅔‰ ⅘Ω ÷⅘ ⅞⅝+≈≠∞H ≤≠−⅖ℓ <⅔+⅔≠⅔ =−÷¾⅔ − ⅗− −¾ℓ ‰ ≤⅘÷≠√ −≠ ÷⅔⅜−Ĥ =≠⅞H >∂%≠⅘÷ℓH ⅖÷ℓ⅝⅗⅔√ = ∫+−%H ⅗−¾−÷⅞ ⅞H ≤≠− ⅞⅗÷⅔ ×−≤≠⅞ +⅞≤⅘ +⅘ −≠ ⅞≤⅔⅘≠=√ −≠ −÷⅞⅗⅞+⅔ ⅔H ⅔ +⅔⅝ℓ¾⅔ ⅞ ⅘Ω =≈×⅘÷ −<⅞⅗⅘++−% ⅞ =≠⅔¾⅞ ⅞ ĮĤIJ ⅖⅔ −¾ĹË Ē ⅔ ÷⅔⅝ × ∫+≈≠∞ËĒ Ĥ =‰⅔⅝⅔ ⅔ >−÷¾⅔≠=‰⅔√ ‰− ×⅔+⅞√ ĿŲŬWŤŠÜ ⅞ ¾ℓ×≈=≠⅞ ⅔ ¾ =¾⅘≠ ⅜− ⅖− ⅞ − ⅜=‰≈ ∞+ℓ%H ⅞ ≈÷⅔⅗⅔++ℓ% ≥≈≠⅘÷ −≠ ×⅘÷¾−⅗− ⅞±⅔ Ĥ ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜ ĨJŁŃNË =⅔ −⅗− +⅔≤⅔ ⅔ ÷⅔⅝÷⅔⅖−≠‰⅞ ⅞⅗÷⅔ ×−⅝⅞±⅞−+⅞÷−¾⅔ ⅔=∞H ‰⅔‰ ≠⅞×⅞≤+ℓ% − ⅜Ĥ=‰≈ ∞+ℓ% ≥≈≠⅘÷H ⅗⅜⅘ Ē=∫⅚⅘≠ +⅞≤⅘ +⅘ −≠ ⅞≤⅔ =√ −≠ =∫⅚⅘≠⅔ ¾ ×−÷+−<⅞ ∞ ⅘ ⅞ ⅞÷+− ⅘Ĥ ⅚⅔ ¾ ĦWẄW <⅔% ⅘H ¾ ×⅔׉⅘ = ⅞⅗÷−% ĒĦ − >−÷¾⅔≠ℓ +⅘ ≈=Ĥ ≠−√ ⅞ ×⅘÷⅘⅜ +⅔×−÷− ŪŤẄWĤŦŤŪGŠ ⅞ ⅜−⅖⅔¾⅞ ⅞ ¾ ⅞⅗÷≈ ¾⅘Ĥ ¬⅞H ‰−≠−÷ℓ⅘ ⅘=≠∞ ¾ ⅖− ∞≥⅞+=≠¾⅘ =−¾÷⅘ ⅘++ℓ> ŃÖŐH ‰⅔‰H +⅔×÷⅞ ⅘÷H =×÷⅞+≠H ×÷⅞±⅘ ⅞¾⅔+⅞⅘ ⅞ ×⅘÷⅘⅝⅔÷√⅜‰⅔Ħ ⅔‰⅚⅘H ¾ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ×−√¾⅞ ⅔=∞ ⅜⅘%=≠¾⅞≠⅘ ∞+− +−¾⅔√ <⅞≤⅔ Ĥ ÷≈‰−×⅔≥+ℓ% ⅖−%Ħ = ⅞ ⅗−¾−÷⅞≠∞ ≠−≤+⅘⅘ Ĥ ‰÷−¾⅔¾ℓ⅘ <⅔≠⅔ ⅞≠⅞H ‰−≠−÷ℓ⅘ ‰ =−⅚⅔ ⅘+⅞∫ ÷⅔⅖−≠⅔∫≠ +⅘ +⅔ ¾=⅘> ¾÷⅔⅗⅔>Ħ ∫⅚⅘≠ ⅚⅘H +⅘= −≠÷√ +⅔ ≠−H ≤≠− √ =‰⅔⅝⅔ ÷⅔+⅘⅘H ⅝⅜⅘=∞ ⅘=≠∞ ⅞ ×−⅜⅔Ω≠=√ = ×− −¬∞∫ ×⅘÷⅘⅗−¾−÷−¾ ×− ÷⅔Ĥ ±⅞⅞ ⅞ ‰⅔≠Ĥ=±⅘+Ħ ⅝ ×÷⅘⅜ℓ⅜≈¬⅞> ≤⅔=≠⅘% ×⅘÷⅘‰−≤⅘¾⅔ ⅞ ×−≤≠⅞ ¾=⅘ ¾⅞⅜ℓ −÷≈⅚⅞√J ×⅞=≠− ⅘≠H ⅜÷−⅖−¾⅞‰H ⅜¾≈=≠¾− ‰⅔H ⅔¾≠− ⅔≠H ⅞Ĥ +⅞⅗⅔+H ÷⅔‰⅘≠+⅞±⅔H ⅗÷⅔+⅔≠− Ω≠H ⅔⅝⅘÷+⅔√ ¾⅞+≠−¾‰⅔H ×≈Ĥ ≥‰⅔Ħ =≠∞ ⅞ Ï +−¾ℓ> ¾⅞⅜⅔J ‰≈¾⅔ ⅜⅔H =×−=−⅖+⅔√ ÷⅔⅝⅖⅞≠∞ ×−≤≠⅞ ∫⅖−⅗− ¾÷⅔⅗⅔ ¾ √=−H Ē÷⅔⅝÷≈≥⅞≠⅘ ∞Ē Ĥ ⅜÷−⅖−¾⅞‰ =− ¾⅝÷ℓ¾+ℓ ⅞ ×≈ √ ⅞ ⅞ ⅖− ∞≥−% ⅜⅔ ∞+−=≠∞∫ =≠÷⅘ ∞Ĥ ⅖ℓH ¾⅝÷ℓ¾≤⅔≠‰⅔ ĿĤÏ ⅞ ⅜⅘%=≠¾⅞≠⅘ ∞+− +−¾−⅘ −÷≈⅚⅞⅘ Ĥ =⅞÷⅞⅔+=‰⅞% ÷⅔=≤ ⅘+⅞≠⅘ ∞ Ĥ ¾−⅞=≠⅞+≈ ⅗÷−⅝+⅔√ ¾⅘¬∞Ë +− ⅝⅔>¾⅔≠ℓ¾⅔⅘≠ ¾÷⅔⅗⅔ ¾ +⅘‰−⅘ × ⅔⅝ ⅘++−⅘ ‰− ∞±− ⅞ =⅚⅞ ⅔⅘≠ ⅘⅗−H −=≠⅔¾ √√ ⅞≥∞ −=≠⅔≠‰⅞ ≠⅘ ⅔ +⅔ ⅝⅘ ⅘Ħ ⅔‰⅚⅘ = ⅘⅗− ×− −¬∞∫ −⅚+− ÷⅔⅝÷≈≥⅔≠∞ −‰÷≈⅚⅘+⅞⅘Ħ =≠⅔≠⅞ − +⅘ Ĥ ¾ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ⅘=≠∞ ÷⅔⅝÷≈≥⅔⅘ ℓ⅘ Ē≈‰÷ℓ≠⅞√Ē Ĥ =≠⅘+ℓH ÷⅔⅝ ⅞≤+ℓ⅘ ‰− −++ℓĦ > = Ω⅗‰−=≠∞∫ ÷⅔⅝+−=√≠ ‰⅔‰ ⅞ =≠⅔÷ℓ⅘ ‰÷⅔=+ℓ⅘ ⅖⅞− ⅘>⅞H ≠⅔‰ ⅞ +−¾ℓ⅘ =‰÷∂×⅜Ĥ ⅚⅘‰⅞ Ĝ÷≈=Ħ ≠⅞ ∞Ĥ÷⅔‰⅘≠≤⅞‰Ğ ⅞ ×÷−≤⅞% ⅝¾⅘÷⅞+⅘±Ħ −Ĥ ¾ℓ> ¾÷⅔⅗−¾ ¾ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ⅜−=≠⅔≠−≤+−J ×÷ℓ⅗≈≤⅞⅘H ×− ⅝⅔∫¬⅞⅘ ×− ‰− −++⅔ ⅞ =≠⅘+⅔ H ⅚≈≠‰− +⅔⅜−⅘⅜ ⅞¾ℓ⅘ ⅜⅘ −+ℓH ⅘ ‰⅞⅘ ×⅔≈‰⅞H =≠÷⅘ √∫¬⅞⅘ ‰⅞= −≠−%H ¾⅘⅜∞ ℓH =×−Ĥ =−⅖+ℓ⅘ ≈⅖⅞≠∞ +⅔ ÷⅔==≠−√+⅞⅞ ⅞ −⅗÷− ⅘++ℓ⅘ >+≈ ℓĦ
=≠∞ ⅞ =≠⅔÷ℓ⅘ ⅜−⅖÷ℓ⅘ ⅖⅘⅝⅗− −¾ℓ⅘ ‰⅔ ⅞‰⅔⅜⅝⅘ ⅞ ÷⅔‰⅘≠Ĥ ≤⅞‰⅞H ⅖ℓ‰⅞H ‰ ⅞÷ℓ ⅞ ⅗⅔÷×⅞⅞H ‰−≠−÷ℓ⅘ =≠⅔ ⅞ ⅗−÷⅔⅝⅜− =≠÷⅔≥+⅘⅘ Ĥ ×÷⅞≤⅘ ≤⅔¬⅘ ¾=⅘⅗− ¾ × ⅔+⅘ =≠÷⅔≥+−% ÷−Ĥ ⅚⅞Ħ ₍ =⅔ − +⅔≤⅔ ⅘ ¾⅔= ⅝⅔⅖÷⅔=ℓ¾⅔⅘≠ ¾ =−¾÷⅘ ⅘++ℓ% ⅗−Ĥ ÷−⅜H = ‰≈≤⅘% ≈⅝‰⅞> ≈ −≤⅘‰H ⅔ ⅘+∞‰⅞> × −¬⅔⅜⅘% ⅞ ⅜−Ĥ −¾Ħ ⅘÷¾−⅘ ¾÷⅘ √ ⅞⅗÷⅔ =−¾=⅘ +⅘ ×−>−⅚⅔ +⅔ ∂ ⅔Ħ Ē₎⅜⅘ ∂≠⅞ ‰≈≤⅞ ¾÷⅔⅗−¾H −⅗÷− +ℓ⅘ ⅔÷⅘+ℓH ≠−++ℓ ×⅔≠÷−Ĥ +−¾ĹËĒĦ ⅜⅞+=≠¾⅘++−⅘ ≤≠− ⅘+√ ×−÷⅔⅜−¾⅔ −H ≠⅔‰ ∂≠− ⅜⅘≠⅔ ⅞⅝⅔±⅞√Ħ ⅘ ŁŠWWŨŤȚÙŤŨT Ĩ ⅞ ⅜⅔⅚⅘ +⅘ ĿŬMH +− ÷⅔Ĥ ⅜≈⅘≠Ħ ⅘÷¾ℓ⅘ ≈÷−¾+⅞ +⅔=≠− ∞‰− ≈⅜⅞¾⅞≠⅘ ∞+ℓH ≤≠− ⅜⅔Ĥ ⅚⅘ ⅝⅔⅖÷⅔=ℓ¾⅔∫≠ ∂ ⅔ ¾ ⅘=≠⅔H ⅗⅜⅘ ¾÷⅔⅗−¾ ×÷⅔‰≠⅞≤⅘Ĥ =‰⅞ +⅘≠Ħ − ×−=≠⅘×⅘++−H ⅜⅘ ⅔ +⅔ ⅔⅚⅞¾⅔∫≠=√H ⅞ ⅜⅘%Ĥ =≠¾⅞√ ×⅘÷⅘+−=√≠ +⅔= ¾ >÷⅔ ℓ ⅞ ×⅞÷⅔ ⅞⅜ℓH ⅗⅜⅘ =≠⅔+−Ĥ ¾⅞≠=√ ⅜⅘%=≠¾⅞≠⅘ ∞+− ¾⅘=⅘ −Ħ − ⅞≤⅘=≠¾− ≈÷−⅜−¾ +⅔ ≈÷−¾+⅘ ×−=≠⅘×⅘++− ¾−⅝÷⅔=≠⅔⅘≠ −≠ ÍĪÌ ⅜− ÍĪÌÌ ⅞ +⅔ ⅞Ĥ ±⅘ ⅞⅗÷−‰⅔ ×−√¾ √⅘≠=√ ‰−¾⅔÷+⅔√ ≈ ℓ⅖‰⅔Ħ ⅔⅚⅜⅔√ ⅖⅞≠¾⅔ √¾ √⅘≠=√ =¾−⅘−⅖÷⅔⅝+ℓ Ē≠⅔+±⅘ Ē Ĥ ⅞⅗÷−‰ = − √ ⅗− −Ĥ ¾≈ ⅖⅘⅗⅔⅘≠ −≠ −⅜+−⅗− =⅖−÷⅞¬⅔ =≈×−=≠⅔≠−¾ ‰ ⅜÷≈⅗− ≈H ≈‰ −+√√=∞ −≠ ×≈ ∞ ⅞ ÷⅔‰⅘≠Ħ
V
⅔⅚⅜ℓ% ¾÷⅔⅗ ≠÷⅘⅖≈⅘≠ =¾−⅘⅗− ×−⅜>−⅜⅔H +− ⅘= ⅞ ¾ℓ −×ℓ≠+ℓ% ⅞⅗÷−‰H ≠− =÷⅔⅝≈ ÷⅔⅝⅖⅘÷⅘≠⅘=∞H ‰−⅗− +⅔⅜− ≈⅖⅞≠∞ ×⅘÷¾ℓ Ħ ≠⅜⅘ ∞+−⅘ =×⅔=⅞⅖− +≈⅚+− =‰⅔⅝⅔≠∞ ‰− ×−⅝⅞≠−÷≈ Ĥ ⅔ ∞√+≈ ÷⅔¾≈+⅔±≈Ħ ≈⅝ℓ‰⅔ ¾ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ⅝⅔ ⅘≤⅔≠⅘ ∞+⅔√Ħ +−⅗⅜⅔ −+⅔ ⅞ ×−¾≠−÷√⅘≠=√H +− ×÷⅞ ∂≠− +⅘ ≠⅘÷√⅘≠ =¾−⅘⅗− ≥⅔÷ ⅔H ⅔ ⅘≠⅔ Ĥ=⅔≈+⅜≠÷⅘‰ ≠⅔‰ −≠ ⅞≤+− =−×÷−Ĥ ¾−⅚⅜⅔⅘≠ ⅔⅜=‰⅞⅘ ×⅘÷⅘=≠÷⅘ ‰⅞H ≤≠− ×−=≠−√++− >−≤⅘≠=√ =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ ⅝¾≈‰ ⅗÷− ≤⅘Ħ −¾ℓ% ⅜¾⅞⅚−‰H ⅔ ≠−≤+⅘⅘ ⅜−÷⅔⅖−≠⅔++ℓ% =≠⅔÷ℓ% Ĥ ŐŤĤ ŲÙŬẀV NŪŦÙŪŤ ĨĦĪ Ĥ ¾ℓ⅜⅔Ω≠ ‰÷⅔=⅞¾≈∫ ‰⅔÷≠⅞+‰≈H =¾⅘≠−¾ℓ⅘ ⅞ ⅗÷⅔<⅞≤⅘=‰⅞⅘ ∂<<⅘‰≠ℓĦ ₍ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ≠⅔‰ ⅚⅘ ×÷⅞=≈≠=≠¾≈⅘≠ =× ⅞≠=‰÷⅞+ ⅞ =⅘≠⅘¾ℓ⅘ ÷⅘Ĥ ⅚⅞ ℓĦ × ⅞≠=‰÷⅞+ ×÷⅘⅜ ⅔⅗⅔⅘≠ ⅞⅗÷≈ ⅜− Ï ⅞⅗÷−‰−¾ +⅔ −⅜+− ∂‰÷⅔+⅘H ⅔ ×− =⅘≠⅞ ¾ℓ −⅚⅘≠⅞ =ℓ⅗÷⅔≠∞ ¾ ‰− ×⅔Ĥ +⅞⅞ ⅔⅚ ⅞⅝ ÍĬ ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰H ≤≠− +⅘ −⅚⅘≠ +⅘ ÷⅔⅜−¾⅔≠∞Ħ ₍ ‰−Ĥ −×⅘÷⅔≠⅞¾⅘ = ≈¾⅘ ⅞≤⅘+⅞⅘ ‰− ⅞≤⅘=≠¾⅔ ⅞⅗÷−‰−¾H ≈¾⅘ ⅞Ĥ ≤⅞¾⅔⅘≠=√ ⅞ ‰− ⅞≤⅘=≠¾− ¾÷⅔⅗−¾Ħ
₍ ⅞⅗÷⅘ ⅞ ⅘∫≠=√ ÷⅘⅚⅞ ℓ ×÷−≠⅞¾−⅖−÷=≠¾⅔J ⅝⅔>¾⅔≠ < ⅔Ĥ ⅗⅔H ⅜⅘= ⅔≤H −>−≠⅔ ⅞ ⅜÷≈⅗⅞⅘Ħ ⅔‰⅚⅘ ⅘=≠∞ ⅞ ÷⅘⅚⅞ ¾ℓ⅚⅞Ĥ ¾⅔+⅞√H ¾ ‰−≠−÷− −⅚+− ×÷−≠⅘=≠⅞÷−¾⅔≠∞ =¾−Ω ⅔=≠⅘÷Ĥ =≠¾− ⅞⅗÷ℓH ¾ℓ⅚⅞¾⅔√ +⅔ ¾÷⅘ √ ×÷−≠⅞¾ ×− ≤⅞¬ ¾÷⅔⅗−¾ ⅞ ×− ≈≤⅔√ ⅘⅜⅔ ⅞Ħ ÷⅞=≈≠=≠¾≈⅘≠ ⅞ −+ ⅔%+−¾⅔√ ≠⅔⅖ ⅞±⅔ ÷⅘‰−÷⅜−¾Ħ ⅜⅞+=≠¾⅘++⅔√ × −>⅔√ ¾⅘¬∞ ¾ ⅞⅗÷⅘H +⅔ −% ¾⅝⅗ √⅜ Ĥ ∂≠− ⅔+⅞ ⅔±⅞√ ∫⅜⅘% ¾ ‰⅔≠Ĥ=±⅘+⅔>H ⅜⅔ ⅞ ⅔+⅞ ⅔±⅞√ =⅔ −⅗− ∂ ⅔ ×÷⅞ ⅞⅗÷⅘ −≠ Ĩ ⅞±⅔Ħ ⅗÷⅔ ×− ≈≤⅞ ⅔=∞ −≠ ⅞≤+−%H ⅞ √ ‰⅔‰ <⅔+⅔≠ =⅘÷⅞⅞H ×÷⅞Ĥ ⅜⅞÷⅔∫¬⅞%=√ ‰− ¾=⅘ ⅜⅘≠⅔ √ H −≤⅘+∞ ÷⅔⅜ +−¾−% ≤⅔Ĥ =≠⅞Ħ ⅞≤⅘⅗− +⅘ ×− ⅘≥⅔ − >−÷−≥⅘ ≈ ⅗⅘% × ⅘∫J +⅞ =×÷⅞+≠H +⅞ ×÷⅞±⅘ ⅞¾⅔+⅞⅘H +⅞ ÷≈‰−×⅔≥‰⅔H +⅞ ×⅘÷⅘⅝⅔Ĥ ÷√⅜‰⅔H ⅔ ≠⅘ ‰− ≈ ∂≠− ¾=Ω +⅘ ×− ⅜≈≥⅘H −⅗≈≠ ⅞ +⅘ ×−Ĥ ∞⅝−¾⅔≠∞=√ ≠⅔‰⅞ ⅞ <⅞≤⅔ ⅞H ⅘¬Ω ⅞ ⅔≤⅞¾‰≈ ¾ ×−⅜⅔÷−‰ ×− ≈≤⅔≠Ħ JĞ ₋¾≠−÷ Ĥ MŠUŠȘŠ
NM
⅔⅖−≠⅔⅘ = ŐMOË ÷⅞¾⅘≠Ë ₍ ∂≠−% =≠⅔≠∞⅘H ⅜⅔ ⅞ ¾−−⅖¬⅘ ¾− ¾=⅘> =≠⅔≠∞√> ×÷− ×÷−⅗÷⅔ ⅞÷−¾⅔+⅞⅘ ⅜ √ ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜ +⅔ √⅝ℓ‰⅘ ĿĢĢ ⅜ √ ∂≠−⅗− ⅚≈÷+⅔ ⅔H √ +⅘ ⅖≈⅜≈ ÷⅔==‰⅔⅝ℓ¾⅔≠∞ ‰⅔‰ ⅞⅝ ⅘+⅞≠∞ ⅞=>−⅜+ℓ% ‰−⅜ ∂ ⅔ ⅜− +⅘≈⅝+⅔¾⅔⅘ −=≠⅞ ⅝⅜⅘=∞ ×÷−=≠− ⅖≈⅜⅘≠ −×⅞=ℓ¾⅔≠∞=√ =−⅝⅜⅔+⅞⅘ ⅔ ⅘+∞‰⅞>H +− ⅞+≠⅘÷⅘=+ℓ> <⅞≤Ħ ≠ =⅘⅖√ =‰⅔⅚≈H ≤≠− √ +⅘ √¾ √∫=∞ ‰÷≈≠ℓ ‰−⅜⅘÷− Ĝ≤⅘=≠+− ⅗−¾−÷√ √ ¾−−⅖¬⅘ × −>− ⅝+⅔‰− = ĿĢĢ ≠⅔‰ ‰⅔‰ +⅘ ≈≤⅞ =√ ⅘ ≈ =×⅘±⅞⅔ ∞+−Ğ ⅞ ×−∂≠− ≈ ⅞⅝ ⅘+⅘+⅞√ ¾ ‰−⅜⅘ ⅖≈⅜≈≠ ⅞+⅞ ⅔ ∞+ℓ ⅞ ×÷−=≠ℓĦ ⅘⅗−⅜+√ √ ÷⅔==‰⅔⅚≈ ¾⅔ H ‰⅔‰ ⅜−⅖⅔¾⅞≠∞ ⅝¾≈‰ ×÷⅞ ¾⅝√≠⅞⅞ −÷≈⅚⅞√ ¾ ÷≈‰⅞Ħ ⅕≠− ⅜−¾− ∞+− ×÷−=≠−H ¾=ΩH ≤≠− −≠ ¾⅔= ×−≠÷⅘⅖≈⅘≠=√H ∂≠− ⅝⅔÷⅔+⅘⅘ ⅝⅔⅗−≠−¾ ⅘++ℓ⅘ ⅝¾≈‰⅞ ⅜ √ ‰⅔⅚⅜−⅗− −÷≈⅚⅞√H ⅔ √ ≈⅚⅘ ÷⅔==‰⅔⅚≈ ¾⅔ ‰⅔‰ ⅞> ×− ⅘Ĥ =≠⅞≠∞ ¾ ⅞⅗÷≈Ħ ⅔¾⅔%≠⅘ +⅔≤+⅘ Ë ≠⅔‰H ⅜−×≈=≠⅞ H ≤≠− ≈ ¾⅔= ≈⅚⅘ ⅘=≠∞ ⅝¾≈‰⅞ ¾ <−÷ ⅔≠⅘ ĦŴŠẂ ⅞ ¾ℓ ⅞> −×÷⅘⅜⅘ ⅞ ⅞ ¾ +≈⅚+≈∫ ×⅔׉≈ ĜĤ‰⅞ĞH ×−∂≠− ≈ ℓ +⅔≤⅞+⅔⅘ ‰−⅜⅞≠∞ Ħ ⅔ ×−≠÷⅘⅖≈⅘≠=√ ¾=⅘⅗− −⅜⅞+ <⅔% H ‰−≠−÷ℓ% +⅔⅝ℓ¾⅔⅘≠=√ ÖŨŠXŤŲPŤŠŮŬŪVĦŤVĦ √ +⅔≤⅔ ⅔H ℓ ⅜− ⅚+ℓ −⅖℮√¾⅞≠∞ ∂≠⅞ ⅝¾≈‰⅞ ¾ ‰−⅜⅘H ≠− ⅘=≠∞H ⅜⅔≠∞ ==ℓ ‰≈ +⅔ ‰⅔⅚⅜ℓ% ⅞⅝ +⅞> ⅞ −⅖℮√=+⅞≠∞ ×÷−⅗÷⅔ Ĥ ⅘H ≤≠− ∂≠− ¾−−⅖¬⅘ ≠⅔‰−⅘Ħ JM ¬⅘ ¾ ÷⅔%−+⅘ ĬĪÌĤ−% =≠÷−‰⅞ =≠÷−≤‰≈Ĥ‰− ⅘+≠⅔÷⅞%J LL GGGGGGGGGGGGGG hkfcb GGGGGGGGGGGGGG ⅞⅚⅘H −⅚+− ≈¾⅞⅜⅘≠∞ ‰−⅜H ‰−≠−÷ℓ% ⅖≈⅜⅘≠ ≤⅞≠⅔≠∞ <⅔% ⅞ ⅝⅔+−=⅞≠∞ ⅘⅗− ¾ ×⅔ √≠∞ = −×÷⅘⅜⅘ Ω++ℓ +⅔⅝¾⅔+⅞⅘ Ħ ⅘÷¾ℓ ¾ =×⅞=‰⅘ ⅞⅜Ω≠ +−⅚Ħ −= ⅘ =≠÷−≤‰⅞ OS ëçìåÇ
plrka|hkfcb|ilt ?jçÇÉäëyytÉ~éçåëyyhåáÑÉyypçìåÇëyyiçïKï~î?H
+⅔⅖⅘÷⅞≠⅘ ≤≠−Ĥ≠− ¾÷−⅜⅘J OT ëçìåÇ
plrka|hkfcb|obib^pb ?jçÇÉäëyytÉ~éçåëyyhåáÑÉyypçìåÇëyyoÉäÉ~ëÉKï~î?I
⅗⅜⅘J OT ±⅞<÷⅔H −⅖−⅝+⅔≤⅔∫¬⅔√ ×−÷√⅜−‰ <⅔% −¾ Ĝ+⅘ ∞⅝√ ⅜−×≈=‰⅔≠∞ ⅜¾≈> ×−¾≠−÷√∫¬⅞>=√ ±⅞<÷H −⅗≈≠ ⅖ℓ≠∞ −≥⅞⅖‰⅞ĞH ëçìåÇ < ⅔⅚−‰ ⅜ √ ×÷−⅗÷⅔ plrka|hkfcb|obib^pb
ℓH ≈‰⅔⅝ℓ¾⅔∫¬⅞% ⅘% ≤≠− ∂≠− ⅝¾≈‰H +⅔⅝¾⅔+⅞⅘ ⅝¾≈‰⅔ ¾ = ⅘⅜≈∫¬⅘ ‰−⅜⅘H
?jçÇÉäëyytÉ~éçåëyyhåáÑÉyypçìåÇëyyoÉäÉ~ëÉKï~î? ==ℓ ‰⅔ +⅔ ⅝¾≈‰H I Ĥ ⅝+⅔‰H ×−⅝¾− √∫¬⅞% ‰− ×⅞ √≠−÷≈ +⅘ ⅝⅔×≈≠⅔≠∞=√H ⅗⅜⅘ ⅝⅔‰⅔+≤⅞¾⅔⅘≠=√ −⅖℮√¾ ⅘+⅞⅘ <⅔% ⅔Ħ ⅘⅜≈√ ∂≠− ≈ ×÷⅞+±⅞×≈H −⅖℮√¾⅞≠⅘ −=≠⅔¾≥⅞⅘=√ ⅝¾≈‰⅞ ⅜ √ ⅜÷≈⅗⅞> −÷≈⅚⅞%Ħ ₍−≠ ‰⅔‰ ×÷⅞ ⅘÷+− ∂≠− ⅜− ⅚+− ¾ℓ⅗ √Ĥ ⅜⅘≠∞ Ĝ= Ħ ÷⅞=Ħ ÍĞ
NN
⅞=Ħ Í Ĝ+⅘ −⅖÷⅔¬⅔%≠⅘ ¾+⅞ ⅔+⅞√ +⅔ LL _iv^ bÇáíáçå ∂≠− ‰− ¾⅘≤⅔⅘≠ ⅜⅔++ℓ% ≈≤⅔=≠−‰ ‰−⅜⅔Ĵ ⅞> ×⅞=⅔≠∞ +⅘−⅖√⅝⅔≠⅘ ∞+−Ğ
⅘+≠⅔÷⅞⅞H ¾ +⅞> −⅚+− ×⅞=⅔≠∞H ‰ ×÷⅞ ⅘÷≈H ⅝⅔ ≤≠− −≠Ĥ
−⅗⅜⅔ ¾ℓ −⅖℮√¾⅞ ⅞ ¾=⅘ ⅝¾≈‰⅞H = ⅘⅜≈%≠⅘ ¾ ÷⅔%−+ ĨĮĮÌĤ−% =≠÷−‰⅞H ⅗⅜⅘ −⅖℮√¾ √⅘≠=√ <≈+‰±⅞√ ¾⅝√≠⅞√ −÷≈⅚⅞√ ¾ ÷≈‰⅞ Ĝ+⅔⅝ℓ¾⅔⅘≠=√ −+⅔ _êáåÖ réEF ĞĦ ÷−×≈=‰⅔⅘ = ⅘⅜≈∫¬⅞% ‰−⅜ ⅜− =≠÷−≤‰⅞J ÇÉÑ~ìäíW ^ppboq^it^vpE?råâåçïå ïÉ~éçåK?FX õX
K
÷−×≈=‰⅔⅘ ⅘ΩH ⅔ +⅔ = ⅘⅜≈∫¬⅘% +⅔≤⅞+⅔⅘ ×⅞=⅔≠∞ ‰−⅜ ¾−=×÷−⅞⅝¾⅘⅜⅘+⅞√ ⅝¾≈‰⅔H ‰−≠−÷ℓ% ⅜− ⅚⅘+ ¾ℓ⅗ √⅜⅘≠∞ ×÷⅞Ĥ ⅘÷+− ≠⅔‰ Ĝ= Ħ ÷⅞=Ħ ÎĞ ⅔≤⅞+⅔⅘ ÷⅔⅝⅖⅞÷⅔≠∞=√H ≤≠− ∂≠− ≠⅔‰−⅘Ħ ≠¾⅘≠ +⅔ ¾−×÷−= ≤≠− ⅜⅘ ⅔∫≠ ×⅘÷¾ℓ⅘ ⅜¾⅘ =≠÷−≤‰⅞ ≈⅚⅘ ⅜⅔+H ⅜⅔¾⅔%≠⅘ ÷⅔⅝⅖⅞÷⅔≠∞=√ ≤≠− = ⅘⅜≈⅘≠ ⅜⅔ ∞≥⅘J ëïáíÅÜ
Eã|á`ìêêÉåítÉ~éçåF ô
×⅘÷⅔≠−÷ ëïáíÅÜ ⅞=×− ∞⅝≈⅘≠=√H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ≈ +⅔= ⅘=≠∞ +⅘=‰− ∞‰− ≈= −¾⅞% Ĝ−≠ Ĩ ⅞ ⅖− ⅘⅘Ğ ⅜ √ ¾ℓ×− +⅘+⅞√ ≤⅔=≠⅞ ×÷−Ĥ ⅗÷⅔ ℓ ⅞ ⅜ √ ‰⅔⅚⅜−⅗− ≈= −¾⅞√ =¾−% ×≈≠∞ ¾ℓ×− +⅘+⅞√Ħ
NO
⅞=Ħ Î ÷−=≠ℓ √⅝ℓ‰−
−⅚+− −⅖℮√=+⅞≠∞ +⅔ ×÷⅞ ⅘÷⅘J J[ J[ J[
I I K
−+=≠÷≈‰±⅞√ ≠⅔‰−⅗− −×⅘÷⅔≠−÷⅔J ëïáíÅÜ E Å~ëÉ I ÄêÉ~âX Å~ëÉ
F ô |
|ZNW X
| I
|ZOW X
ÄêÉ~âX õX −⅖=≠¾⅘++−H +⅔ ≈= −¾⅞√> ×−=≠÷−⅘+ ¾⅘=∞ ‰−⅜Ħ ≠⅔‰H ≈ +⅔= −×⅘÷⅔≠−÷ VŴÙWȘU ⅖⅘÷⅘≠ ⅝+⅔≤⅘+⅞⅘ ⅞⅝ ×⅘÷⅘ ⅘++−% ÜŚÙĿẀŲĤ ŲŤŪWPŤŠŮŬŪH ⅔+⅔ ⅞⅝⅞÷≈⅘≠ ⅘⅗− ⅞ ⅞⅜Ω≠ ≈‰⅔⅝⅔++ℓ ⅘ ≈ ×≈≠⅘ Ħ = ⅞ ℓ ⅘+√⅘ −÷≈⅚⅞⅘ +⅔ ‰− ∞≠H ×÷−⅞⅗÷ℓ¾⅔⅘ −⅜⅞+ ⅝¾≈‰H ⅘= ⅞ ⅘+√⅘ +⅔ ⅜¾≈=≠¾− ‰≈H ×÷−⅞⅗÷ℓ¾⅔⅘ ≈⅚⅘ ⅜÷≈⅗−%Ħ ⅘ ⅝⅔⅖≈⅜∞≠⅘ ×−=≠⅔¾⅞≠∞ ŶĴ H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ⅝⅔‰−+≤⅞≠⅘ ×÷−×⅞=ℓ¾⅔≠∞ ≈= −¾⅞√Ħ ₍=Ω ×−≤≠⅞ ⅗−≠−¾−H −=≠⅔ −=∞ ⅜−⅖⅔¾⅞≠∞ ∂≠⅞ ⅝¾≈‰⅞ ¾ ×÷⅘‰∂≥⅞÷−¾⅔+⅞⅘H ≤≠−⅖ℓ ⅞⅝⅖⅘⅚⅔≠∞ −≥⅞⅖−‰ ¾ ×⅔ √≠⅞ ⅞ ×−⅜¾⅞=⅔Ĥ +⅞%Ħ −⅜+⅞ ⅔⅘ =√ +⅔ ÎĬĪĤ≈∫ =≠÷−≤‰≈ ⅞ ⅞¬⅘ = ⅘⅜≈∫¬⅘⅘J LL éêÉÅ~ÅÜÉ çíÜÉê ïÉ~éçåë áÑ ~î~áä~ÄäÉ áÑ E ìä^î~áä~ÄäÉCENYYEtb^mlk|hkfcbJNFF F ô éÇÉÅJ[mêÉÅ~ÅÜÉjçÇÉäEjlabi|hkfcb
FX
NP
⅞=Ħ Ĩ ≈≠ ×÷−=≠− +⅔⅜− ⅜−⅖⅔¾⅞≠∞ ≤≠−Ĥ≠− ¾÷−⅜⅘ éÇÉÅJ[mêÉÅ~ÅÜÉpçìåÇEplrka|hkfcb|obib^pbFX Ĝ⅜ √ +−⅚⅔ĞH ≤≠−⅖ℓ ×− ⅘=≠⅞≠∞ ⅝¾≈‰ ¾ ‰∂≥H ‰−⅗⅜⅔ ℓ ×−⅜⅖⅞÷⅔⅘ −÷≈⅚⅞⅘Ħ ≠⅔‰ ⅜ √ ‰⅔⅚⅜−⅗− −÷≈⅚⅞√Ħ Ĝ= Ħ ÷⅞=Ħ ĨĞ
₍−≠ ⅞ ¾=ΩĦ −>÷⅔+√⅘ <⅔% ⅞ ‰− ×⅞ ⅞÷≈⅘ ⅘⅗−Ħ −≠− ×− ⅘¬⅔⅘ ¾ ⅞⅗÷≈ ×− ≈≤⅞¾≥⅞⅘=√ ⅖⅞⅖ ⅞−≠⅘‰⅞ ⅞ ÷⅔⅜≈⅘ =√ =−⅜⅘√++− ≈Ħ JĞ − = ⅘⅜≈∫¬⅞> ¾=≠÷⅘≤ ⅞ ≈⅜⅔≤⅞ ¾⅔ ¾ ×−⅝+⅔+⅞⅞ √⅝ℓ‰⅔ ĢĢĦ
₋¾≠−÷ =≠⅔≠∞⅞J ŐWŤŠTŃŠVW
NQ
∞√+ℓ% ⅔=≠⅘÷ Ĥ ¬⅘ −⅜+≈ ≤≥≤‰≈ =⅔‰⅘H ⅞ ×−% ⅜⅘ ⅖−÷ −≠⅔ ∂ ⅝⅔× ⅘≠⅔∫¬⅞ =√ √⅝ℓ‰− ĦĦ Ĥ ⅜⅞+ =⅔‰⅘ ⅞ × ⅔=≠⅞‰ =≠∂‰+=H ×⅚⅔ ≈=≠⅔Ħ Ĥ ⅔%Ë Ĥ −≠‰ ⅞‰+≈ ⅔=∞ ⅞ −¾⅞⅜+⅔√ √×−+‰⅔H +⅔≈≤⅞¾≥⅔√=√ ×−+⅞ ⅔≠∞H ≤≠− >−≠√≠ ×−=⅘≠⅞≠⅘ ⅞ ×−÷≠−¾−% ≠⅔Ĥ ¾⅘÷+ℓH ⅞+−⅗⅜⅔ ⅜⅔⅚⅘ ⅖⅘⅝ = −¾Ħ Ĥ ¾⅔≠⅞≠ +⅔⅜⅞÷⅔≠∞=√H ≠ℓ ⅞ ≠⅔‰ ≈⅚⅘ =≠⅔ ×−>−⅚ +⅔ =¾⅞+∞∫ ⅝ − ×÷−≥⅞×⅘ ⅔ ⅘≠÷⅞‰=Ħ ₍ −≠¾⅘≠ +⅔ ∂≠−H ∂ >÷∫‰+≈ ⅞ ≈×⅔ ⅞±− +⅔ =≠− Ħ ⅘≠≠⅞ −‰⅔⅝⅔ ⅔=∞ ¾ ⅝⅔≠÷≈⅜+⅞≠⅘ ∞+− ×− −⅚⅘+⅞⅞J ¾×− +⅘ −≤⅘¾⅞⅜+−H ≤≠− ∂≠−≠ ×∞√+⅞±⅔ −≠÷≈⅖⅞ =√ −≠ ≤÷⅘⅝ ⅘÷+ℓ> ¾−⅝ ⅞√+⅞%H +− −=≠⅔¾ √≠∞ ⅜÷≈⅗⅔ ¾ ≠⅔‰− ×− −⅚⅘+⅞⅞ ⅖ℓ − +⅘ ℓ= ⅞ −H ≈≤⅞≠ℓ¾⅔√ ‰−+≠⅞+Ĥ ⅗⅘+≠ ⅝⅜⅘≥+⅞> ×−=⅘≠⅞≠⅘ ⅘%H ≈⅚⅘ ⅔ ≤+− ×−⅗ √⅜ℓ¾⅔∫¬⅞> +⅔ ÷∫‰⅝⅔‰ ÷√⅜− = =⅞⅜√¬⅞ ¾ ×−⅝⅘ ₋⅗≈÷⅔ Ĝ×−⅝⅔ ×−Ĥ≠≈÷⅘±‰⅞Ğ ⅗⅘÷−⅘ Ħ Ĥ ∂ H ×÷⅞⅜⅘≠=√ +⅘ ¾⅝√≠∞ ×−⅜ ‰−+≠÷− ∞ ≠¾−⅘ ≠⅘ −H ∂≠−≠ ⅘≠−⅜ ⅘¬⅘ +⅘ −×÷−⅖−¾⅔+H +− √ ⅜− ⅚+⅔ ¾ℓ¾⅘Ĥ =≠⅞ ≠⅘⅖√ −≠=∫⅜⅔Ħ ⅘≠÷⅞‰= ×−= ⅔ ⅔ +⅘⅖− ∞≥−% ∂ ⅘‰≠÷⅞≤⅘=‰⅞% ÷⅔⅝÷√⅜ ¾ ×÷⅔¾≈∫ ÷≈‰≈H ÷≈‰⅔ ÷⅘⅝‰− ⅜⅘÷+≈ ⅔=∞ ⅞ ≈⅜⅔÷⅞ ⅔ ×÷⅞‰−÷Ĥ +≈¾≥⅘⅗− +⅘×−⅜⅔ ⅘‰≈ ⅘¬⅘ −⅜+−⅗− ⅝⅔⅖≈ ⅜ℓ⅗≈H −≠ ≤⅘⅗− ≠−≠ ⅝⅔¾⅔ ⅞ =√ +⅔⅖−‰H =−++− ×÷⅞≤ −‰+≈¾ ⅗≈⅖⅔ ⅞ ⅞ ¾+−¾∞ ×⅘÷⅘=≠⅔ ×−⅜⅔¾⅔≠∞ ×÷⅞⅝+⅔‰⅞ ⅚⅞⅝+⅞Ħ Ĥ ⅘÷≠H = ⅞≥‰− =⅞ ∞+ℓ% ÷⅔⅝÷√⅜H +⅔⅜− ⅘¬⅘ ÷⅔⅝ ×−×÷−⅖−¾⅔≠∞H ¾=⅘ ÷⅔¾+− +⅘−⅖>−⅜⅞ − ⅝⅔× ⅔≠⅞≠∞ ⅝⅔ ¾ℓ×⅞¾Ĥ ‰≈Ħ Ĥ ≠⅔‰H +⅔⅜− ⅔‰‰≈÷⅔≠+− ¾ℓ≠√+≈≠∞ ÷≈‰≈H =−⅗+≈≠∞ ¾ −‰≠⅘H ⅝⅔ ⅘⅝≠∞ ¾ ‰⅔÷ ⅔+H ¾ℓ≠⅔¬⅞≠∞ ⅜⅘+∞⅗⅞ ⅞ ⅝⅔× ⅔Ĥ ≠⅞≠∞Ħ ≈‰⅔ =+−¾⅔ ¾ℓ≠√+≈ ⅔=∞ ¾×⅘÷⅘⅜H =>¾⅔≠⅞ ⅔ ⅝⅔⅖≈ ⅜ℓ⅗≈ ⅝⅔ ≥‰⅞÷‰≈H ×−⅜+√ ⅔ +⅔⅜ ≠⅔≠⅔ ⅞ ⅞ ⅝⅔≠÷√= ⅔Ħ ⅝ =‰ ⅔⅜−‰ ⅞=≠÷⅘×⅔++−⅗− ‰⅞ −+− ¾=⅘ ⅘¬⅘ =×√¬⅘⅗− ×∞√+⅞±ℓ ×−=ℓ×⅔ ⅞=∞ −+⅘≠ℓ ⅞ ×−‰⅔≠⅞ ⅞=∞ ×− =≠− ≈Ħ <⅞±⅞⅔+≠‰⅔ ×÷−>−⅜⅞¾≥⅔√ ⅞ − =≠− ⅞‰⅔H +⅘⅜− ⅗− ⅜≈ ⅔√H =>¾⅔≠⅞ ⅔ ⅜⅘+∞⅗⅞ ⅞ =×÷√≠⅔ ⅔ ⅞> ⅝⅔ ×−√=Ħ Ĥ ×−>−⅚⅘ ℓ ÷⅔=× ⅔≠⅞ ⅞=∞ĦĦĦ +⅘ =−¾=⅘ ≠⅔‰H ‰⅔‰ √ >−≠⅘ ⅔H +− ¾=⅘Ĥ⅚⅘Ħ ⅔≠⅔≥⅞Ĥ⅔‰⅞− +⅔>−⅜⅞ =√ ×÷⅞ ⅞=×− +⅘+⅞⅞ −≤⅘+∞ ¾⅔⅚+−% ⅞==⅞⅞H ⅘⅗− ⅝⅔⅜⅔≤⅘%H ×−÷≈≤⅘++−% =⅔ ⅞ ⅞ ×⅘÷⅔≠−Ĥ ÷− H ⅖ℓ ⅔ +⅘−⅖>−⅜⅞ −=≠∞ ×÷⅞¾⅘=≠⅞ ⅞⅝ ×−÷≠−¾−% ≠⅔¾⅘÷+ℓ ⅝≈ ⅞ ⅞+⅔≠=≈ Ĝ −= −¾+−J ≠ℓ=√≤⅘ ⅘≠+⅞% <−+≠⅔+Ğ +⅘‰−⅗− ¾⅘ ⅞‰−⅗− ¾−⅞+⅔Ħ − ⅞ ×⅘÷⅔≠−÷⅔ ⅜−≥ ⅞ = ≈>⅞H ≤≠− ∂≠−≠ ¾−⅞+ −⅖ ⅔⅜⅔⅘≠ ≈⅜⅞¾⅞≠⅘ ∞+−% −¬∞∫H ≈⅚⅘=≠¾− ⅞ =≠÷⅔++ℓ −÷≈⅚⅞⅘ ÷⅔⅝÷≈≥⅞≠⅘ ∞+−% =⅞ ℓĦ −⅚⅘≠ −+ = −⅚⅘≠ ×− −≤∞ ⅞ ×⅘÷⅔≠−÷=‰− ≈ ⅜¾−÷≈ ¾ ⅖−÷∞⅖⅘ = ⅜÷⅘¾+⅞ ⅝ − Ĺ ⅔≠⅔≥⅞Ĥ⅔‰⅞− −⅗ √⅜⅘ +⅔×÷√⅚⅘++ℓ⅘ ⅞±⅔ ⅜¾≈> ⅜⅘=√≠‰−¾ =−×÷−¾−⅚⅜⅔∫¬⅞> ⅘⅗− ¾−⅞+−¾ ⅞ +⅔×÷⅔¾⅞ =√ ‰ ⅜¾⅘Ĥ ÷√ ⅝⅔¾⅘⅜⅘+⅞√Ħ ⅘≠≠⅞ ⅞=×ℓ≠ℓ¾⅔ ⅔ ×÷−⅖ ⅘ ℓH =⅔ − ×− =⅘⅖⅘ ≠−H ≤≠− ×÷⅞>−⅜⅞ −=∞ ×−=≠−√++− =≠⅞ ≈ ⅞÷−¾⅔≠∞ ℓ≥±ℓ ∂ ⅘‰≠÷⅞≤⅘=≠¾− ⅝⅔=≠⅔¾ √√ ∂ ⅔ >≈⅜−Ĥ⅖⅘⅜+− =≠−√≠∞ +⅔ +−⅗⅔>H −≠+⅞ ⅔ − +−⅗− =⅞ H +⅘ ⅗−¾−÷√ ≈⅚ − ≠− H ≤≠−⅖ℓ ⅝⅔=≠⅔¾⅞≠∞ ⅘⅗− =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ >−≠∞ ≥⅔⅗Ħ ¾⅘÷∞ ≠⅔¾⅘÷+ℓ ÷⅔=×⅔>+≈ ⅔=∞ ⅞ ¾ +⅘⅘ +⅔⅗ ℓ −⅖÷⅔⅝− H +⅘ ×⅘÷⅘−⅖≈¾≥⅞=∞H ×÷√ − ×− ±⅞+−¾‰⅔ H ⅝⅔≥ ⅔ ±⅘ ⅔√ ÷−≠⅔ =≠÷⅔⅚+⅞‰−¾ ¾− ⅗ ⅔¾⅘ = ×÷⅘⅜⅘ ∞+− =⅘÷∞⅘⅝+ℓ ⅔≠⅔≥⅞Ĥ⅔‰⅞−Ħ Ĥ ₎⅜⅘ ≠≈≠ ¾⅘ ⅞‰⅞% ¾−⅞+H ≤∞⅞ ×−⅜¾⅞⅗⅞ ⅜−≥ ⅞ ⅜− = ≈>⅔ +⅔≥⅘⅗− ⅞ ×⅘÷⅔≠−÷⅔ĹH Ĥ ⅗÷−⅝+− ‰÷⅞‰+≈ −+H = −≠÷√ +⅔ =≠÷⅔++−⅗− ¾⅞⅜⅔ ×∞√+⅞±≈ ×−‰⅔≤⅞¾⅔∫¬⅘⅗−=√ +⅘×−⅜⅔ ⅘‰≈Ħ ₍ ∂≠−≠ − ⅘+≠ ∂≠≠⅞H ⅖⅘⅝≈=×⅘≥+− ×ℓ≠⅔√=∞ ⅝⅔=≠⅔¾⅞≠∞ ∂ ⅔ =⅜⅘ ⅔≠∞ ≥⅔⅗H ≈⅖÷⅔ ⅔ +⅔×÷√⅚⅘+⅞√ = ⅘¾−% +−⅗⅞Ħ ∂ +⅔ =⅘‰≈+⅜≈ ×÷−=+≈ =√ −≠ ÷⅘⅝‰−% ×⅘÷⅘ ⅘+ℓ ⅗÷⅔¾⅞≠⅔±⅞⅞ ⅞ ×∞√+− ≈> ℓ ∞+≈¾≥⅞=∞H =>¾⅔≠⅞ =√ ⅝⅔ ×⅘÷¾−⅘H ≤≠− ×−×⅔ −=∞ ×−⅜ ÷≈‰≈Ħ ⅕≠⅞ ≤≠−Ĥ≠− −‰⅔⅝⅔ −=∞ ‰⅞ −+− ⅔≠⅔≥⅞Ĥ⅔‰⅞−H ‰−≠−÷−⅘H +⅘ ¾ℓ⅜⅘÷⅚⅔¾ +⅔×÷√⅚⅘+⅞√H = ×−⅝−÷+ℓ ≠÷⅘Ĥ =‰− ÷⅔⅝−≥ −=∞ ¾ =≠−÷−+ℓĦ ∂ = ⅗÷−>−≠− ×−¾⅔ ⅞ =√ +⅔ ×− H ≈‰÷ℓ¾≥⅞=∞ ≈×⅔¾≥⅘% +⅔ +⅘⅗− −⅜⅘⅚⅜−% ‰⅔‰ −⅜⅘√ − Ħ
NR
−⅗⅜⅔Ĥ≠−H ⅗ ≈⅖−‰− ¾ ⅜⅘≠=≠¾⅘ ⅔≠⅔≥⅞Ĥ⅔‰⅞− ×÷⅞=+⅞ −=∞H ≤≠− −+ =≠−⅞≠ ×⅘÷⅘⅜ ×≈⅖ ⅞‰−% ¾ −⅜+⅞> ≠÷≈=⅔>H +− ⅜⅔⅚⅘ ¾ =≠÷⅔≥+− =+⅘ −+ +⅘ −⅗ ×−⅜≈ ⅔≠∞H ≤≠− ⅖≈⅜⅘≠ ≠⅔‰ =≠−√≠∞ ×⅘÷⅘⅜ =¾−⅞ ⅞ ×−⅜≤⅞+⅘++ℓ ⅞Ħ ⅘⅝‰− −⅖⅘÷+≈¾≥⅞=∞H −+ ×÷⅞=≠⅔ ∞+− −⅗ √⅜⅘ ⅞±⅔ =≠÷⅔⅚+⅞‰−¾H ¾ℓ⅞=‰⅞¾⅔√ ¾ ⅞> ⅗ ⅔⅝⅔> >−≠∞ ⅞=‰−÷‰≈ ¾⅘=Ĥ ⅘ ∞√Ħ ₍=⅘ ‰⅔‰ −⅜⅞+ = × −≠+− ×÷⅞⅚⅔≠ℓ ⅞ ⅗≈⅖⅔ ⅞ = −≠÷⅘ ⅞ ¾ ÷⅔⅝+ℓ⅘ =≠−÷−+ℓH ⅞⅝⅖⅘⅗⅔√ ¾⅝⅗ √⅜⅔ ⅔≠⅔≥⅞Ĥ⅔‰⅞−Ħ Ĥ −>−⅚⅘H ∂≠− ≠−≠H ‰≠− +⅔ +≈⅚⅘+H ¾⅘⅜⅞≠⅘ ⅘⅗− ¾− ⅜¾−÷⅘± ¾ℓ⅜⅔¾⅞ −+H ⅝⅔×⅔>⅞¾⅔√=∞ ¾ ×÷⅞+⅘=⅘++ℓ% >−⅝√%Ĥ ‰−% >⅔ ⅔≠ ⅞⅝ ⅖ ⅞⅚⅔%≥⅘% ⅖⅔+⅞ ⅞ ¾⅘¬⅞ ⅘⅗− ¾−⅝∞ ⅞≠⅘Ħ ≠÷⅔++≈∫ ×÷−±⅘==⅞∫ −⅗ ⅞ ¾ ∂≠−≠ ⅜⅘+∞ +⅔⅖ ∫⅜⅔≠∞ ⅚⅞≠⅘ ⅞ ⅗−÷−⅜⅔J ₍×⅘÷⅘⅜⅞ ≥⅘ ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰ ¾ ⅖⅔++− >⅔ ⅔≠⅘H ⅞ −≠⅜⅔¾⅔ ×÷⅞‰⅔⅝ℓ ⅜¾≈ ⅜⅘=√≠‰⅔ =≠÷⅔⅚+⅞‰−¾H ‰−≠−÷ℓ⅘ ¾⅘ ⅞ ×−⅜ ÷≈‰⅞ +⅘×÷⅘=≠⅔++− ⅗−÷ ⅔+√¬⅘⅗− +⅘×÷⅞ ⅞≤+ℓ⅘ ≤⅔=≠≈≥‰⅞ ×∞√+⅞±≈Ħ −≠∞ ×⅘=+⅞ ⅞ ×÷−⅞⅝+−=⅞ ⅞=∞ +⅔ +⅘⅝+⅔‰− − ⅜ √ ⅚⅞≠⅘ ⅘% √⅝ℓ‰⅘H ⅜−⅗⅔⅜⅔≠∞=√ −⅖ ⅞> = ℓ= ⅘ −⅚+− ⅖ℓ − ×− ⅚⅘=≠⅔ H ‰−≠−÷ℓ⅘ ⅝⅔=≠⅔¾⅞ ⅞ ×−‰÷⅔=+⅘≠∞ ⅜⅔⅚⅘ +⅘‰−≠−÷ℓ> ⅞⅝ ¾−⅞+−¾Ħ ⅔‰−+⅘± −≠÷√⅜ ×÷⅞⅖ℓ ‰− ⅜¾−÷≈ ⅞ ×⅘÷⅔≠−÷⅔H +⅘ +−⅗− ×−⅖÷−⅜⅞¾ =÷⅘⅜⅞ =⅔⅜−¾H −+⅞ ⅜−≥ ⅞ ⅜− =‰⅔ ℓ −‰÷≈Ĥ ⅚⅔∫¬⅘% ⅝⅔ −‰Ħ Ĥ ₍ −⅖¬⅘ ≠⅔‰H ×−= ≈≥⅔% ⅘+√ ×÷−⅞⅝+⅘= ⅔≠⅔≥⅞Ĥ⅔‰⅞− ¾=≠÷√>⅞¾⅔√ ∂ ⅔ ⅝⅔ × ⅘≤⅞ √ =⅘%≤⅔= ¾×≈¬≈ ≠⅘⅖√ ¾ ×−⅜⅝⅘ ⅘ ∞⅘H ≠ℓ ⅜− ⅚⅘+ ×÷⅞+⅘=≠⅞ −≠≠≈⅜⅔ ₋ ∂Ĥ+−Ĥ ≈÷⅔‰≈ −Ĥ+−Ĥ±≈÷≈⅗⅞ Ĝ ⅘≤H =‰⅔≥⅞¾⅔∫¬⅞% ≠÷⅔¾≈ĞĦ Ĥ +−⅗− ¾−⅞+−¾ ⅜− ≠⅘⅖√ −≠×÷⅔¾⅞ ⅞=∞ ⅝⅔ +⅞ H ⅞ +⅞‰≠− +⅘ ¾⅘÷+≈ =√H ¾=⅘> ×−⅗≈⅖⅞ − ⅜÷⅘¾+⅘⅘ ⅝ − −>÷⅔+√∫¬⅘⅘ =−‰÷−¾⅞¬⅘H ¾−≠ ≠¾−√ =≈ ‰⅔H ≠¾−√ −⅖≈¾∞ ≈⅜⅔≤⅞Ħ −= ⅘ ∂≠⅞> = −¾ ⅔≠⅔≥⅞Ĥ⅔‰⅞− −≠‰÷ℓ +⅘×÷⅞ ⅘≠+≈∫ ⅜¾⅘÷±≈ ¾ =‰⅔ ⅘ ⅞ ¾≠− ‰+≈ ≠≈⅜⅔ ∂ ⅔ = ⅖− ≠⅔∫¬⅞Ĥ ⅞=√ ‰÷−==−¾‰⅔ ⅞ +⅔ ≥⅘⅘ ⅞ ÷∫‰⅝⅔‰− +⅔ ÷≈‰⅘Ħ ₎⅘÷−%H ≥⅔≠⅔√=∞H ×÷−≥⅘ +⅘ +−⅗− ¾×⅘÷⅘⅜ ⅞H ≈= ℓ≥⅔¾H ‰⅔‰ =⅝⅔⅜⅞ ⅝⅔> −×+≈ ⅔=∞ ⅜¾⅘÷∞H =− =≤⅔=≠ ⅞¾−% ≈ ℓ⅖‰−% =×− ⅝ +⅔ ×− H −⅖+⅞ ⅔√ ×÷−> ⅔⅜+ℓ⅘ ‰⅔ ⅘++ℓ⅘ × ⅞≠ℓĦ −≤⅘ ≈ ⅚⅘ −+ +⅘ ⅞⅜⅘≠Ĺ Ĥ ≠⅘÷√ =√ ¾ ⅜−⅗⅔⅜‰⅔> −⅗÷− +ℓ% ⅞⅝⅘+∞ Ĝ⅞ ×−Ĥ=−¾ ⅘=≠⅞≠⅘ ∞=≠¾≈ Ĥ ¾⅘ ⅞‰−⅘ ⅝ − Ğ ¾ =⅔ − +⅞⅝≈ ×−⅜⅝⅘ ⅘ ∞√H ⅜− ∂≠−⅗− ¾=⅘ ¾−⅞+ℓ = √÷−=≠+ℓ ‰÷⅞‰− ⅞ ⅘≤− +⅔×⅘÷⅘¾⅘= +⅘= ⅞=∞ ×− ⅘=≠+⅞±⅘ ≤≠−⅖ℓ ¾ ‰−+±⅘ ×≈≠⅞ ≈⅗−⅜⅞≠∞ ×÷√ − ¾ ⅘⅗− ⅚⅘ ≈⅜−‰Ħ ₋ ∂≠−≠H ×÷−≥⅘ ⅜¾⅔⅜±⅔≠∞ ≥⅔⅗−¾ ⅞ = ≠⅘> ×−÷ +⅞ = ≈>≈H +⅞ ⅜≈>≈ ≈⅚⅘ ⅗⅜⅘Ĥ≠− ≤⅔=⅔ ⅜¾⅔Ħ ⅞⅝+∫ =≠⅔ − ∫⅖−×ℓ≠+−H ⅞ −+ ‰− ℓ>⅔∫¬⅘%=√ ⅔==−% ¾ℓ×− ⅝ +⅔ =⅘÷⅘⅜⅞+≈ ×− ⅔ =≠÷⅘ √=∞ ÷⅔⅝⅗ √⅜⅘≠∞ ⅗ ⅔Ĥ ⅝⅔ ⅞Ĥ×⅔ −≤‰⅔ ⅞ >−≠∞ ‰⅔‰−⅘Ĥ≠− ⅜¾⅞⅚⅘+⅞⅘ +⅔ ⅘=≠+⅞±⅘Ħ Ĥ ⅘≠≠⅞H ≈ ⅘+√ ≠⅔‰ ⅖− ⅞≠ ⅗− −¾⅔H ≤≠− ×÷−⅞⅝−≥ −Ĺ Ĥ ÷−>÷⅞×⅘ −≤+≈¾≥⅞%=√ ∂ H ¾ℓ× ⅘¾ℓ¾⅔√ +⅘Ĥ ¾⅘=≠∞ ‰⅔‰ −≤≈≠⅞¾≥⅞⅘=√ ¾− ÷≠≈ ‰⅘⅜ℓĦ Ĥ > ∂ H ⅘= ⅞Ĥ⅖ℓ √ =⅔ ⅔ ⅝+⅔ ⅔Ë −= ⅘ ≠−⅗−H ‰⅔‰ ≠ℓ +⅔ ⅔‰⅔ =√ ⅔ ‰−⅗− √ ¾ ≠⅔¾⅘÷+⅘H ≠⅘⅖√ ×÷⅞≠⅔¬⅞ ⅔ =∫⅜⅔ ≠− ×⅔ ×=⅞>−¾⅔++ℓ> √×−+±⅘¾H ⅞⅝ ÷⅔⅝⅗−¾−÷⅔ ‰−≠−÷ℓ> √ +⅘ ×−+√ ⅔ +⅞ = −¾⅔H −≠‰÷ℓ ⅞ ‰⅔‰≈∫Ĥ≠− ⅜¾⅘÷∞ ⅞ ¾×⅞>Ĥ +≈ ⅞ ≠⅘⅖√ ≠≈⅜⅔Ħ Ĥ ⅛ √ +⅘ ×∞∫ ⅔ ‰−⅗− ∞ √ ⅜≈ ⅔ H +⅘ ×÷⅘⅜ ⅔⅗⅔∫≠ =−‰Ë Ĥ %H ÷⅔==‰⅔⅝ℓ¾⅔%Ë −= ⅘ ≠¾−⅘⅗− +⅘⅜⅔¾+⅘⅗− ¾⅞⅝⅞≠⅔ ¾ −==⅞∫ √ ⅜⅔¾+− −⅚⅞⅜⅔ ⅔ −≠ ≠⅘⅖√ ≤⅘⅗−Ĥ≠− ×−⅜−⅖+−⅗−Ħ Ĥ ₋ ×−≤⅘ ≈ ≠ℓ +⅘ ×⅘÷⅘¾⅘ ⅔ ⅞> ÷⅔⅝⅗−¾−÷ĹĤ ∂ ×− −÷¬⅞ =√H ¾=⅘ +−¾ℓ⅘ ¾− +ℓ ⅖− ⅞ +⅔‰⅔≠ℓ¾⅔ ⅞ +⅔ ⅘⅗− ⅗− −Ĥ ¾≈Ħ Ĥ −≤⅘ ≈Ĺ ℓ =×÷⅔≥⅞¾⅔⅘≥∞ ×−≤⅘ ≈ĹË ∂∂∂∂ ËËË ₋ ‰≠− ⅗−¾−÷⅞ Ĥ ±⅞≠⅞÷≈∫J Ĥ ⅔≤⅘ +⅘ ⅞±⅘+⅝⅞−++⅔√ ‰−×⅞√ ⅘≠÷⅞‰=H ‰−≠−÷⅔√ ¾‰ ∫≤⅔⅘≠ ¾ =⅘⅖√ +−⅗− ¾=√‰−% >⅘÷+⅞H ≠⅔‰−% ‰⅔‰H +⅔Ĥ ×÷⅞ ⅘÷ ⅞ −≠⅞÷−¾⅔+⅞⅘ ⅘⅚⅝¾⅘⅝⅜+ℓ> ‰−÷⅔⅖ ⅘% ¾ ∂‰=≠÷⅘ ⅔ ∞+ℓ> =⅞≠≈⅔±⅞√> H ⅞ ⅞ +⅔+⅞⅘ ¾=⅘> √⅝ℓ‰−¾ ⅞÷⅔ ⅞ ‰≈≤≈ ⅜÷≈⅗−⅗− ⅖⅘=×− ⅘⅝+−⅗− > ⅔ ⅔H ‰−≠−÷ℓ% +⅘ ¾ ⅚⅞⅝+⅞ +⅞‰−⅗⅜⅔ +⅘ ×÷⅞⅗−⅜⅞≠=√Ë ≈≤≥⅘ √ =‰⅔≤⅔∫ ⅞⅝ ≠−÷÷⅘+≠−¾ ×⅞÷⅔≠‰≈Ħ Ĥ ∂≠H ×÷⅘‰÷⅔≠⅞ +⅔⅗÷⅘¾⅔≠∞ +⅘ −⅝⅗H ⅘+√ +⅔≤⅞+⅔⅘≠ ≈≠⅞≠∞ ×−= ⅘ ∂≠⅞> = −¾ ∂ H = ≠÷≈⅜− ×−⅜+√¾Ĥ ≥⅞=∞ = ×− ⅔H ×−⅜−≥⅘ ‰ ×⅘÷⅞ ⅔ ⅘=≠+⅞±ℓ ⅞H ×⅘÷⅘⅗+≈¾≥⅞=∞ ≤⅘÷⅘⅝ +⅞>H ⅝⅔=≠ℓ ¾ ×−⅝⅘ ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰⅔ =≠÷⅔⅜⅔∫Ĥ ¬⅘⅗− −≠ ≈‰⅔≤‰⅞ +⅔ ‰−÷⅔⅖ ⅘Ħ ⅞⅝⅘+∞ = +⅘⅜−≈ ⅘+⅞⅘ ¾−=×÷⅞+⅞ ⅔ ¾⅞⅖÷⅔±⅞⅞ ⅝¾≈‰⅔ ⅞⅜≈¬⅞⅘ = =⅔ −⅗− ¾⅘÷>⅔ ⅘=≠+⅞±ℓĦ −≤⅘ ≈ ∂≠−≠ ¾−⅞+ +⅘ =×⅘≥⅞≠ =×≈=‰⅔≠∞=√Ĺ + ≠⅔ ≤≠−H = ‰⅘ ≠− ⅖⅘=⅘⅜≈⅘≠Ĺ ≠ ⅞≤+−H ≤⅘ ⅖− ∞≥⅘ ⅘⅜ℓH ≠⅘ ≈≤≥⅘ ×−⅜≈ ⅔ −+H ¾+⅞ ⅔≠⅘ ∞+− ¾= ⅔≠÷⅞¾⅔√=∞ ¾ ¾⅘÷>+⅞⅘ ×⅘÷⅞ ⅔Ħ
NS
₍+⅘⅝⅔×+− =¾⅘÷>≈ ÷⅔⅝⅜⅔ −=∞ ×÷−≠√⅚+−⅘ ∂∂∂∂ ⅞ ×−≠−‰ ⅜≈÷+− ×⅔>+≈¬⅘% ⅚⅞⅜‰−=≠⅞ −‰⅔≠⅞ ⅞⅝+√H ⅗ ≈⅖−Ĥ ‰− ÷⅔⅝℮⅘⅜⅔√ ⅘⅗− ≠⅘ − ⅞ −=≠⅔¾ √√ ⅖− ⅘⅝+⅘++ℓ⅘ ≥⅞×√¬⅞⅘ √⅝¾ℓ Ĝ×÷⅞ ⅘≤⅔+⅞⅘ ⅔¾≠−÷⅔J = ⅞⅝+√‰⅞ ‰÷⅔%+⅘ ¾−=Ĥ ×÷⅞⅞ ≤⅞¾ℓ ‰ =− √ ⅞ ‰⅞= −≠⅔ ĞĦ ¬⅘ +⅞ −⅜⅞+ ¾−⅞+ +⅞‰−⅗⅜⅔ ≠⅔‰ =− +−% +⅘ ⅖−÷− =√ ⅜≈ ⅔ ⅞⅝⅘+∞H ⅘≠√=∞ ¾−‰÷≈⅗ ⅞ −=≠⅔¾ √√ −‰÷ℓ⅘ = ⅘Ĥ ⅜ℓĦ ¾⅘÷>≈ ÷⅔⅝⅜⅔ ⅞=∞H +⅔‰−+⅘±H ≠√⅚⅘ ℓ⅘ ≥⅔⅗⅞ =×≈=‰⅔∫¬⅘⅗−=√ ×− ¾⅞+≠−¾−% ⅘=≠+⅞±⅘ ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰⅔Ħ ⅞⅝⅘+∞ ⅝⅔≠÷√==√ −≠ =≠÷⅔>⅔H −⅚⅘≠ × ∫+≈≠∞ +⅔ ¾=⅘Ĺ ×≈=≠∞ ⅝⅔⅖⅞÷⅔⅘≠ ∂≠−≠ ⅘≤Ħ ¾⅞⅜⅘¾ ≠÷√=≈¬⅞⅘=√ =⅞÷⅘+⅘¾−⅘ ⅚⅘ ⅘ ¾ ‰−+±⅘ ⅘=≠+⅞±ℓH ∂ ×−×≈+±−¾⅘ ⅞ =+−¾⅔ =−⅗+≈ =√ ¾ ÷¾−≠+− =×⅔⅝Ĥ ⅘Ħ ⅔<⅞⅗H +⅔<⅞⅗H ⅜≈ ⅔ ⅞⅝⅘+∞H ∂‰=≠÷⅘++− ≈×− ⅝⅔√ ¾ ⅖ ⅞⅚⅔%≥≈∫ ⅜ℓ÷≈ −≠ ≠⅔‰−⅗− ¾−⅞+⅔Ħ Ĥ ¾=⅘Ĥ≠⅔‰⅞ ∂≠H ≤≠− √ ⅝⅜⅘=∞ ⅜⅘ ⅔∫Ĺ ≠⅜ℓ≥⅔¾≥⅞=∞H ×÷−⅞⅝+⅘= ⅗⅘÷−%H ×−⅜≈ ⅔¾H ≤≠− ⅘ ≈ ×÷−=≠− ×− ⅘÷⅘Ĥ ¬⅞ =√ −⅗÷− +ℓ% = ⅞⅝+√‰ ¾ ‰−+±⅘ ‰−÷⅞⅜−÷⅔Ħ Ĥ ₍=⅘ ≤≠− √ = −⅗ ⅔ ×−+√≠∞H ∂≠− ₋ ∂Ĥ+−Ĥ ≈÷⅔‰≈ −Ĥ+−Ĥ±≈÷≈⅗⅞ H ≠⅔‰ +⅔⅝ℓ¾⅔ =√ ⅘⅗⅘+⅜⅔÷+ℓ% ⅘≤H =⅞ ¾− ⅞ ×⅘÷⅔≠−÷=‰−% ¾ ⅔=≠⅞H ¾⅞⅜⅞ − ⅘⅗− +⅔ ⅞ +≈⅚+− +⅔%≠⅞Ħ Ĥ −H ≤⅘÷≠ ×−⅖⅘÷⅞H ⅝⅜⅘=∞ ±⅘ ℓ% ⅔⅖⅞÷⅞+≠H √ ×−‰⅔ ⅘⅗− +⅔%⅜≈H ⅝⅔⅖ ∫∫ ⅝⅜⅘=∞ ¾=⅘ ≈⅗ ℓĦ ≠‰≈⅜⅔Ĥ≠− =⅖−‰≈ ¾ℓ ⅘≠⅘ ⅘≤ ⅞ ≥ ⅘×+≈ =√ ×÷√ − +⅔ =⅘÷⅘⅜⅞+≈ ⅝⅔ ⅔H ¾⅞⅜⅞ − ⅞⅝⅘+∞ ≠−⅚⅘ ×÷⅞≥⅘ ‰ ≠−Ĥ ≈Ĥ⅚⅘ ¾ℓ¾−⅜≈H ≤≠− ⅞ ∂ Ħ ⅘÷⅘⅝ ×√≠∞ ⅞+≈≠ ⅔≠⅔≥⅞Ĥ⅔‰⅞− = ⅞⅝≈ ⅘+⅞⅘ ×÷⅞+⅞ ⅔ ⅘≤ ⅞⅝ ÷≈‰ ⅗⅘÷−√Ħ ⅔‰ ≠⅘⅖⅘ ∂≠− ≈⅜⅔ −=∞Ĺ −÷⅔⅚⅘++− ×÷−⅞⅝+⅘= −+Ħ ∂ H ⅜−⅗⅔⅜⅔¾≥⅞=∞ − = ℓ= ⅘ ¾−×÷−=⅔H −≠¾⅘≠⅞ ⅘⅜⅞+=≠¾⅘++ℓ = −¾− H ‰−≠−÷−⅘ ⅝+⅔ ×−Ĥ√×−+=‰⅞ Ĥ ⅔‰∂Ë
NT
J MŠUŠȘŠ −¾ℓ% =¾⅘≠ ₍=⅘ ℓ ∫⅖⅞ ∂ ⅔Ħ ⅔ −⅗− ⅗⅘÷−√Ħ − ⅝+⅔⅘≠⅘H +⅘ ‰⅔⅚⅘≠=√ ≤≠− +⅔⅜− +⅔ +⅘=‰− ∞‰− ⅞+≈≠ −≠¾ ⅘≤∞=√ −≠ +⅘⅗−Ħ −⅜≈ ⅔%≠⅘ =⅔ ⅞J ⅘+≠⅔ ×−⅖ℓ¾⅔ +⅘ ≠− ∞‰− +⅔ ⅘ ⅘H +− ⅞ ⅘¬Ω +−⅗− ⅗⅜⅘Ħ ₍−≠ √ ⅞ ÷⅘≥⅞ ÷⅔==‰⅔Ĥ ⅝⅔≠∞ ×÷− −⅜+− ⅜⅔ Ω‰−⅘ −≠ ⅘ ⅞ ⅘=≠−ĦĦĦĦ ÷− −⅗ ₍ ‰−+±⅘ ÎÌĮÌ> ⅗−⅜−¾H ≤⅘ −¾⅘≤⅘=≠¾− ⅞⅝−⅖÷⅘ − =×−=−⅖ ×≈≠⅘≥⅘=≠¾⅞√ +⅔ ⅜⅔ Ω‰⅞⅘ ÷⅔==≠−√+⅞√ ¾ ‰−= ⅞≤⅘=‰− ×÷−=≠÷⅔+=≠¾⅘Ħ ₍ ÎÌIJĬ ⅗−⅜≈ ⅞⅝−⅖÷⅘ ⅞ =×−=−⅖ ×− ≈≤⅘+⅞√ ∂+⅘÷⅗⅞⅞ ×≈≠Ω ×−⅗ ⅔¬⅘+⅞√ =¾⅘≠⅔ ¾ ‰−= −=⅘Ħ ⅘ ×÷−=≠− =− +⅘≤+ℓ⅘ ⅖⅔≠⅔÷⅘⅞H +⅘≠Ħ ⅕≠−≠ =¾⅘≠ ×÷⅘¾÷⅔¬⅔ =√ ¾ ≠−× ⅞¾−Ħ ₍ ∂≠− ⅚⅘ ⅗−⅜≈ ⅖ℓ ⅝⅔×≈¬⅘+ ⅘≠⅔Ĥ ≠⅘ ∞+ℓ% ⅔××⅔÷⅔≠ Ē₌⅘=‰−+⅘≤+−=≠∞ĒĦ ⅕≠−≠ ⅔××⅔÷⅔≠ −⅗ ×≈≠⅘≥⅘=≠¾−¾⅔≠∞ ⅖⅘=‰−+⅘≤+−Ħ ⅔‰ ∫⅜⅞ >−≠⅘ ⅞ ≈⅝+⅔≠∞H ⅘=≠∞ ⅞ ‰−+⅘± ≈ ¾=⅘ ⅘++−%Ħ + ⅘≠⅘ =≠÷−⅗− ×÷√ − ×− ×≈≠⅞ =+⅞ ⅔√ ÷⅔⅝ ⅞≤+ℓ⅘ ‰−= ⅞≤⅘=‰⅞⅘ −⅖℮Ĥ ⅘‰≠ℓĦ +⅞ ‰⅞ −≠×÷⅔¾ √ ⅞=∞ +⅔ ⅖ ⅞⅚+∫∫ =≠⅔+±⅞∫ ⅞ ⅞ ‰− −+⅞∫H −≠ ≠≈⅜⅔ +⅔ ⅜÷≈⅗≈∫ =≠⅔+±⅞∫ ⅞ ⅞ ‰− −+Ĥ ≠∫H ⅔ ×−≠− ≈⅚⅘ +⅔ ⅝⅘ ∫Ħ Ĝ = ⅞ −≠×÷⅔¾ √≠∞ =÷⅔⅝≈ +⅔ ⅝⅘ ∫H ≠− =+⅞ ‰⅞ ⅖≈⅜≈≠ ⅜−>−⅜⅞≠∞ ⅜− ⅗− Ğ ‰−+Ĥ ±≈ ÎÍ ¾⅘‰⅔ +⅔=≤⅞≠ℓ¾⅔ −=∞ −‰− − ÎĨÌÌÌ ‰−= ⅞≤⅘=‰⅞> ‰− −+⅞% ÷⅔⅝ ⅞≤+−⅗− +⅔⅝+⅔≤⅘+⅞√Ħ ⅛ ÷⅔==‰⅔⅚≈ ×÷− =−⅖ℓĤ ≠⅞√ +⅔ −⅜+−% ⅞⅝ +⅞>Ħ ₎ ⅔¾⅔ Ņ Ē −¾ℓ% ¾⅘≠Ē − −+⅞√ −¾ℓ% ¾⅘≠ +⅔>−⅜⅞≠=√ ⅜⅔ ⅘‰− −≠ +⅔≥⅘% ⅘ ⅞Ħ +⅔ +⅔>−⅜⅞≠=√ ¾ ⅘=≠+− ≈⅝ℓ÷⅘H ¾ =−⅝¾⅘⅝⅜⅞⅞ ₌− ∞≥−⅗− =⅔Ħ − +±⅘ =⅞=≠⅘ ℓ ⅗⅜⅘ +⅔>−⅜⅞≠=√ × ⅔+⅘≠⅔ ⅘≠ Ï Ĝ+⅔ ‰−≠−÷−% ⅞ +⅔>−⅜⅞≠=√ ‰− −+⅞√Ğ ÷⅔=×− −Ĥ ⅚⅘+− ⅘⅚⅜≈ ⅝¾Ω⅝⅜⅔ ⅞ ⅞÷⅞≈= ⅞ ⅞÷±⅔ Ĝ ⅞÷⅝⅔ ĞĦ ¾⅘≠ ⅝¾Ω⅝⅜ +⅘ ⅝⅚⅞⅗⅔⅘≠ × ⅔+⅘≠ℓH ≠⅔‰ ‰⅔‰ ¾−‰÷≈⅗ =⅞Ĥ =≠⅘ ℓ −⅖÷⅔⅝−¾⅔ −=∞ −≤⅘+∞ × −≠+−⅘ =‰−× ⅘+⅞⅘ ÷⅔⅝ ⅞≤+ℓ> ‰−= ⅞≤⅘=‰⅞> ≠⅘ Ħ ⅔¾+ℓ ⅜⅔¾+− ⅞> ×÷⅞≠√⅗⅞¾⅔Ĥ ⅔ ≤Ω÷+⅔√ ⅜ℓ÷⅔Ħ − ×÷−⅞⅝−≥ ⅔ ⅔+− ⅔ ⅞√J ≤Ω÷+⅔√ ⅜ℓ÷⅔ ⅜⅔¾+− ⅞=≤⅘⅝ ⅔H ⅔ ¾=⅘ ≠⅘ ⅔ ⅘¬Ω ≈⅜⅘÷⅚⅞¾⅔∫≠=√ ‰⅔Ĥ ‰−%Ĥ≠− =⅞ −%Ħ ÏÍĘ ¾=⅘% ≠⅘÷÷⅞≠−÷⅞⅞ × ⅔+⅘≠ℓ ⅝⅔+√≠ℓ ⅝⅔¾−⅜⅔ ⅞ ⅞ ≥⅔>≠⅔ ⅞Ħ +⅞ ×÷⅞+⅔⅜ ⅘⅚⅔≠ ‰− ×⅔+⅞⅞ ŇẀŪŁŲŬVĦ ⅕≠⅔ ‰− ×⅔+⅞√ √¾ √⅘≠=√ =⅔ ℓ ‰÷≈×+ℓ ×−=≠⅔¾¬⅞‰− −÷≈⅚⅞√Ħ IJIJHÍĘ ÷ℓ+‰⅔ −>¾⅔≤⅘+ ‰− ×⅔+⅞⅘% ŇŁĦ ⅔¾−⅜ℓ =⅜⅘=∞ −=+−¾⅔ ⅞ ⅞⅝Ĥ⅝⅔ ≠−⅗−H ≤≠− +⅔ × ⅔+⅘≠⅘ ⅘=≠∞ −≤⅘+∞ ¾⅝÷ℓ¾−−×⅔=+ℓ% ⅔≠⅘÷⅞⅔ Ĥ ŐNNŸỲĨÎĮŶĦ Ĝ ⅘++− ŇŁH ‰=≠⅔≠⅞H ×÷−⅞⅝¾−⅜⅞≠ ¾=Ω ⅞⅝¾⅘=≠+−⅘ ×− ⅞⅗÷⅔ ŐŐ −÷≈⅚⅞⅘ĦĞ − +⅔ ‰− −+⅞⅞ ⅚⅞¾≈≠ +⅘ ≠− ∞‰− ÷⅔⅖−≤⅞⅘ ⅞ ≥⅔>≠Ω÷ℓĦ ⅔‰ √ ⅗−¾−÷⅞ H ≠− ∞‰− ÏÍĘ ×−¾⅘÷>+−=≠⅞ × ⅔+⅘≠ℓ ⅝⅔+√≠ ⅝⅔¾−⅜⅔ ⅞Ħ =≠⅔ ∞+ℓ⅘ ĪIJĘ ‰− −+⅞⅞Ĥ=−¾÷⅘ ⅘++ℓ% ⅘⅗⅔×− ⅞= = +⅔=⅘ ⅘+⅞⅘ −‰− − ÎĨÌÌÌÌÌÌ ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰ ÷⅔⅝+−% +⅔±⅞−+⅔ ∞+−=≠⅞Ħ ⅔==‰⅔⅚≈ √ ¾⅔ −⅖ −⅜+− =− ⅜⅔≠⅘H ‰−≠−÷ℓ% ÷⅔⅖−≠⅔⅘≠ ¾ −≠÷√⅜⅘ ⅝⅔≤⅞=≠‰⅞ ¾ ≠÷⅘≠⅞ ⅖ −‰⅘Ħ Ĝ₍ ⅗−÷−⅜⅘ Ī ⅖ −‰−¾J ÍĤ±⅘+≠÷ ⅗−÷−⅜⅔Ĝ≥−×⅞+⅗ ±⅘+≠÷ℓH ÷⅔⅝¾ ⅞≤⅘+⅞√ ⅞ ≠Ħ ×ĦĞH ÎĤ⅜⅘ −¾ℓ⅘ ±⅘+≠÷ℓ ⅞ −<⅞=ℓ ŇŁH ĨĤ⅚⅞ ⅔√ ⅝−Ĥ +⅔H ÏĤ−‰÷⅔⅞+ℓĤ⅝⅔⅗−÷−⅜+ℓ⅘ ⅜− ⅔H ‰≈÷−÷≠ℓ ⅞ ×÷−≤⅞⅘ ÷⅔⅝¾ ⅘‰⅔≠⅘ ∞+ℓ⅘ ⅘=≠⅔H ≠÷⅘⅖≈∫¬⅞⅘ +−⅗− ⅘=≠⅔H ĪĤ⅖⅘⅝⅚⅞⅝+⅘++ℓ⅘ ×≈=≠ℓ+⅞ĦĞ −⅜ = −¾⅔ ⅞ Ē−≠÷√⅜ ⅝⅔≤⅞=≠‰⅞Ē ×−⅜÷⅔⅝≈ ⅘¾⅔⅘≠=√ ⅗÷≈××⅔ ∫⅜⅘%H ‰−≠−÷⅔√ ⅝⅔Ĥ ¬⅞¬⅔⅘≠ Ĩ ⅖ −‰ −≠ ≠⅘÷÷−÷⅞=≠−¾ ⅞ ⅚⅞¾−≠+ℓ>H ⅚⅞¾≈¬⅞> +⅔ × ⅔+⅘≠⅘Ħ ÷⅘≠⅞% −≠÷√⅜ Ĝ+⅔⅝¾⅔+ +− ⅘÷− ⅖ −Ĥ ‰⅔Ğ √¾ √⅘≠=√ −⅜+⅞ ⅞⅝ =⅔ ℓ> ⅖− ∞≥⅞> ⅞ ×÷−<⅘==⅞−+⅔ ∞+ℓ> ¾ ⅘⅗⅔×− ⅞=⅘Ħ ₍=⅘ −≠÷√⅜ℓ =+⅔⅖⅚⅘+ℓ −¬∞Ĥ +ℓ −÷≈⅚⅞⅘ ⅞ +⅔+−⅖÷−+Ω%H ‰−≠−÷⅔√ ⅜⅔Ω≠ ⅞ =⅞ ≈H −¾‰−=≠∞ ⅞ =‰−÷−=≠∞Ħ ₍ ÷≈‰⅔¾⅔> ⅖÷−+⅞ ÷⅔=×− −⅚⅘+ℓ ⅔⅝⅘÷+ℓ⅘ ‰ ⅞+‰⅞H ⅔ ⅝⅔ =×⅞+−% ≈ ‰⅔⅚⅜−⅗− =− ⅜⅔≠⅔ ÷⅔=×− −⅚⅘+ ⅘≤∞H ×−>−⅚⅞% +⅔ ‰⅔≠⅔+≈Ħ ⅕≠⅞ ¾−%+ℓ −Ĥ ⅗≈≠ ≈⅖⅞≠∞ ∫⅖−⅗− ‰−⅗− ×÷⅞‰⅔⅚≈≠H ‰÷− ⅘ ⅗÷⅔⅚⅜⅔+=‰⅞>H ‰−+⅘≤+− ⅚⅘Ħ ⅔≥⅘⅗− ⅗⅘÷−√ ⅝−¾≈≠ ≠⅔+ −≠⅘÷=Ħ ₍ −≠÷√⅜⅘ ⅘ ≈ ⅜⅔ ⅞ ‰ ⅞≤‰≈ ₎÷⅔¾⅞ Ĝ= ⅔≠ℓ+⅞ Ĥ ⅗÷⅔¾⅞⅖≈= ĜŇŲŠẂÙŞẀVĞ Ĥ =⅘÷∞Ĥ Ω⅝+ℓ%Ğ ⅝⅔ ⅘⅗− = ⅘ −=≠∞ ⅞ ≈⅚⅘=≠¾−H ‰−≠−÷−⅘ −+ ×÷−√¾ √⅘≠ ⅘⅚⅘⅜+⅘¾+−Ħ + −⅜⅞+ ⅞⅝ +⅘ +−⅗⅞> ¾ −≠÷√⅜⅘ Ĝ¾ ‰−≠−÷− ÎÌ ≤⅘ −¾⅘‰Ğ ‰≠− +⅔ ∂‰⅝⅔ ⅘+⅘ = −⅗ ≈⅖⅞≠∞ ⅘≠=‰−⅗− ≤⅘÷¾√Ġ ¾ −⅜⅞+−≤‰≈Ħ − ¾−≠ −+ ×÷⅘⅜=≠⅔ ×⅘÷⅘⅜ ÷⅘⅔ ∞+ℓ ⅞=×ℓ≠⅔+⅞⅘ ĦĦĦ
NU
J ₎ ⅔¾⅔ ŅŅ ⅔≠ ⅘+⅞⅘Ħ ⅘+∞ +⅔≤⅔ =√ ‰⅔‰ −⅖ℓ≤+−J ⅖≈⅜⅞ ∞+⅞‰H ⅔≠H ⅝⅔¾≠÷⅔‰H =⅖−÷ℓH ¾ℓ⅘⅝⅜ +⅔ −≤⅘÷⅘⅜+−% −⅖℮⅘‰≠ĦĦĦ Ĥ ≠− +⅔ ∂≠−≠ ÷⅔⅝Ĺ Ĥ =×÷−=⅞ ⅔‰≈ ≈ ‰⅔×⅞≠⅔+⅔Ħ Ĥ ⅘‰≠−÷ ĨĴ ÷⅔%−+ ĬĴ ⅜− ĨÎĦ ₍ ⅝⅔ −⅚+⅞‰⅞ ⅝⅔>¾⅔≠⅞ ⅞ĦĦĦ Ĥ₌ ⅔H ⅖ ⅔H ⅖ ⅔ĦĦĦ Ĥ ¾⅜÷≈⅗ ×⅘÷⅘⅖⅞ ⅔‰≈ Ĥ ⅕≠− +⅔ ≈⅚⅘ ⅝+⅔≠∞ +⅘ +⅔⅜−Ħ ₍=√ ∂≠⅔ ÷≈≠⅞+⅔ ≈⅚⅘ =≠⅔ ⅔ ⅚≈≠‰− +⅔Ĥ ⅜−⅘⅜⅔≠∞ĦĦĦ ⅜+− ⅞ ≠− ⅚⅘J ×−≥Ω Ĥ ≈⅖⅞ H ×−≥Ω Ĥ =>¾⅔≠⅞ H ×−≥Ω Ĥ ×− ≈≤⅞ ⅝⅔÷× ⅔≠≈Ħ −≤⅘≠=√ ≤⅘⅗− +⅞⅖≈⅜∞ ₋ ¼ ₍ ₎ Ë −⅚⅘≠ ×−%⅜Ω H ×−−>−≠⅞ =√ +⅔ ≤⅘÷¾⅘%H ≤≠− ⅞H ⅞ ⅞ ≠⅔ ⅖⅔+⅜≈ ⅔÷⅘=≠≈⅘ Ĺ ₍=Ω ⅚⅘ ¾⅘=⅘ ⅘⅘Ë Ĥ ⅘ ⅜≈÷⅞H ⅖÷−H ÷⅔⅖−≠⅔ ≈⅚ ≈ +⅔= ≠⅔‰⅔√Ħ Ĥ ×÷− − ¾⅞ ≠⅔+Ħ ₍−≠ ¾=√ ‰− ⅔+⅜⅔ ≈⅚⅘ ⅘≠⅞≠ ‰ ⅝−+⅘ ¾ℓ=⅔⅜‰⅘Ħ Ē −≠∞ ≤≠−Ĥ≠− ⅘=≠∞ ¾ +⅔≥⅘% ÷⅔⅖−≠⅘ ¾⅘=Ω −⅘ Ĥ ×÷ℓ⅚‰⅞ = ĨÌÌ ⅘≠÷−¾−% ¾ℓ=−≠ℓËĒ Ĥ ×÷−‰÷⅞≤⅔ ≠⅔+ ⅞ ÷¾⅔+≈ ¾+⅞⅝Ħ −= ⅘ ≠−⅗−H ‰⅔‰ ¾=√ ÷⅔⅖−≠⅔ ⅝⅔ ⅜⅘+∞ ⅖ℓ ⅔ =⅜⅘ ⅔+⅔H ¾=⅘H ‰⅔‰ −⅖ℓ≤+− −≠×÷⅔¾⅞ ⅞=∞ ×− ⅜− ⅔ Ħ ⅔==‰⅔⅝⅔¾ ⅚⅘+⅘ ⅞ =ℓ+≈ − =¾−⅞> Ē×÷⅞‰ ∫≤⅘+⅞√>Ē ⅗⅘÷−% ⅝⅔¾⅔ ⅞ =√ =×⅔≠∞Ħ + >−≠∞ ⅞ ŇŲŠẂÙŞẀVH +− =×⅔≠∞ ≠− ¾=⅘ +⅔⅜−Ħ ⅔=−¾ ≠⅔‰ ¾ Ī ≈≠÷⅔ ¾=√ =⅘ ∞√ ×÷−=+≈ ⅔=∞ −≠ ⅗÷−>−≠⅔Ħ ⅞‰≠− +⅘ ×−+⅞ ⅔ H ≤≠− ×÷−⅞=>−⅜⅞≠Ħ +=≠⅞+‰≠⅞¾+−H ≠⅔+ ¾=‰−≤⅞ = ‰÷−¾⅔≠⅞H −⅜⅘ ‰−=≠∫ ⅞ = ⅚⅘+−% ⅔÷⅞⅘% ×−⅖⅘⅚⅔ ⅝⅔ ⅜−≤⅘÷∞∫H ‰−≠−÷⅔√ × ⅔‰⅔ ⅔ −≠ =≠÷⅔>⅔ ¾ =¾−⅘% ‰− +⅔≠⅘ Ĝ÷⅘⅖Ω+‰⅔ Į ⅘≠ ⅝⅘ ⅘≠÷√=⅘Ĥ +⅞⅘ −≤⅘+∞ +⅔×≈⅗⅔ −ĞĦ ₍ℓ⅖⅘⅚⅔¾ +⅔ ≈ ⅞±≈H ≠⅔+ ×−⅖ ⅘⅜+⅘ J ⅗⅜⅘ ≠− ¾⅜⅔ ⅘‰⅘H ¾ Í ⅖ −‰⅘ ⅗−÷⅘ ⅞ ×− ≈÷⅔⅝÷≈Ĥ ≥⅘++ℓ⅘ ⅝⅜⅔+⅞√H ×−¾=∫⅜≈ ∫⅜⅞ ¾ ×⅔+⅞‰⅘ ¾ℓ⅖⅞÷⅔ ⅞=∞ ⅞⅝ ⅜− −¾ +⅔ ≈ ⅞±ℓH ⅔ +−≤+−⅘ =¾⅘≠⅞ − ⅞÷⅞≈= ⅖ℓ − ⅝⅔Ĥ ⅗−÷−⅚⅘+− ≤⅘ Ĥ≠− −⅗÷− +ℓ ⅞ +⅘×−+√≠+ℓ Ħ ≠⅔+ +⅘ −⅗ =¾√⅝⅔≠∞=√ +⅞ = ⅘+≠÷− H +⅞ = −≠÷√⅜− H ≠⅔‰ ‰⅔‰ +⅘ ⅖ℓ − =¾√⅝⅞ĦĦĦ ⅔⅝⅔ −=∞H ≤≠− +⅘ ¾=Ω ×−≠⅘÷√+−H +− +⅔ =⅔ − ⅜⅘ ⅘H ∂≠⅔ +−≤∞ =≠⅔ ⅔ ⅘⅗− ×−= ⅘⅜+⅘% =×−‰−%+− ×÷−⅚⅞≠−% +−≤∞∫ĦĦĦ Ġ ⅘≠=‰⅞% ≤⅘÷¾∞J ⅜ ⅞+⅔Ĥ−‰− − IJÌ ⅘≠÷−¾H ¾⅘=ĤĨÏĪİ ‰⅗H >⅞¬+⅞‰H −⅖⅞≠⅔⅘≠ ¾ ×≈=≠ℓ+√> ⅘≠⅔H ‰÷⅔%+⅘ −×⅔=⅘+H ⅞⅝ ⅝⅔ =¾⅘% =‰−÷−=≠⅞ ×⅘÷⅘⅜¾⅞⅚⅘+⅞√ ⅞ ÷⅔⅝ ⅘÷−¾Ħ
≠ ⅔¾≠−÷⅔Ħ ∂%H +⅔÷−⅜Ë ⅔⅜⅘∫=∞ ¾⅔ ×−+÷⅔¾⅞ −=∞ +⅔≤⅔ − ⅞=≠−÷⅞⅞Ë ⅘÷⅞√ ⅖≈⅜⅘≠ ¾ℓ>−⅜⅞≠∞ ∂‰=‰ ∫⅝⅞¾+− ⅜ √ ⅚≈÷+⅔Ĥ ⅔H ×−∂≠− ≈H ⅚⅜⅞≠⅘ ×÷−⅜− ⅚⅘+⅞√Ë ₍ = ⅘⅜≈∫¬⅞> ⅗ ⅔¾⅔> ¾ℓ ≈⅝+⅔⅘≠⅘H ≤≠− =≠⅔ − ×÷⅞≤⅞+−% Ē⅝⅔≠ ⅘+⅞√Ē ⅞÷⅞≈=⅔H ×⅔+⅞‰⅞ ⅞ ÷⅔⅝÷≈≥⅘+⅞%Ħ ⅔ ⅘+∞Ĥ ‰⅞% =×−% ⅘÷J ‰⅔‰ ¾ℓ ⅜≈ ⅔⅘≠⅘H +−⅗− ⅞ =⅔ −⅗− ¾⅝÷ℓ¾−−×⅔=+−⅗− ¾⅘¬⅘=≠¾⅔ ¾ ⅞÷⅘ +⅔ −÷≈⅚⅘%+ℓ> ⅝⅔¾−⅜⅔>Ĺ
NV
ŐÖNNMŎǾÔ ÎÌÍÍ ÷≈⅝∞√H =−¾=⅘ =‰−÷− ×−⅜−%⅜⅘≠ ‰ ‰−+±≈ ‰−+‰≈÷= ŐÖNNMÓĻÖH ⅞H ÷⅘⅝≈ ∞≠⅔≠− ⅗− −=−¾⅔+⅞√H ⅚∫÷⅞ −×÷⅘Ĥ ⅜⅘ ⅞≠ ‰⅔÷≠ℓ ×−⅖⅘⅜⅞≠⅘ ⅘%H +⅔ ‰−≠−÷ℓ> ×÷−%⅜≈≠ ŐÖNNMŎǾÔ ⅝⅔⅖⅘⅗⅞ +⅔≥⅞> =×−÷≠= ⅘+−¾Ħ ÎĤ−% ‰−+‰≈÷= +⅔ ⅘≤⅘+ +⅔ ÍĪ √+¾⅔÷√H ≈ ¾⅔= ×−‰⅔ ⅘=≠∞ ¾÷⅘ √ ×−≠÷⅘+⅞÷−¾⅔≠∞=√ ¾ ⅞=‰≈==≠¾⅘ ⅖ℓ=≠÷−⅗− ×÷−>−⅚⅜⅘+⅞√ ‰⅔÷≠ ‰ ⅔==⅞≤⅘=‰−⅗− ∂ ⅔Ħ ₍ =−÷⅘¾+−¾⅔+⅞⅞ ×÷⅞+√≠∞ ≈≤⅔=≠⅞⅘ = −⅚⅘≠ ‰⅔⅚⅜ℓ%H ⅜⅔⅚⅘ ≠⅘H ‰≠− ⅔××⅘÷⅞ ¾ ×÷⅘⅜ℓ⅜≈¬⅘ ‰−+‰≈÷=⅘H ‰⅔÷≠ℓ ⅖≈⅜≈≠ −≤⅘+∞ +⅘−⅖ℓ≤+ℓ⅘H ⅞+≠⅘÷⅘=+ℓ⅘H ¾⅘⅜∞ ⅝⅔⅜⅔≤⅘% ‰⅔÷≠−=≠÷−⅞≠⅘ ⅘% ⅖ℓ −H +⅘ ⅝⅔¾⅔ ⅞≠∞ ⅞⅗÷−‰⅔ −+=≠÷⅔ ⅞H ⅔ ⅔‰=⅞ ⅔ ∞+− ⅘⅗− ⅝⅔ ⅘⅜ ⅞≠∞Ë ₍⅔= −⅚⅞⅜⅔∫≠ +⅘≠÷⅞¾⅞⅔ ∞+ℓ⅘ −¾≈≥‰⅞ ⅞ = −⅚+ℓ⅘ ×÷⅘×√≠=≠¾⅞√H +⅘ ≈×≈=≠⅞≠⅘ =¾−% ≥⅔+= ¾−%≠⅞ ¾ ⅞=≠−Ĥ ÷⅞∫H ‰⅔‰ −⅜⅞+ ⅞⅝ =⅔ ℓ> ≈≤≥⅞> ŐM ×⅞⅜÷⅔+⅘÷−¾ ÎÌÍÎ ⅗−⅜⅔Ħ ₍ ‰−+‰≈÷=⅘ ×−‰⅔ ⅝⅔√¾ ⅘+ℓ ⅘=≠⅔ ⅜ √ ≠÷⅘> ×−⅖⅘⅜⅞≠⅘ ⅘%H +− ¾×− +⅘ ¾−⅝ −⅚+−H ≤≠− −+⅞ ⅖≈⅜≈≠ ≈¾⅘ ⅞≤⅘Ĥ +ℓ ⅜− ≤⅘≠ℓ÷⅘> ⅘=≠Ħ −+‰≈÷= ⅖≈⅜⅘≠ ×÷−>−⅜⅞≠∞ ≠⅔‰J ⅔ ¾ℓ⅖−÷ ≈ ‰⅔⅚⅜−⅗− =×−÷≠= ⅘+⅔ ⅖≈⅜⅘≠ ĨĤÏ ‰⅔÷≠ℓ ×−⅖⅘⅜⅞≠⅘ √ ×÷⅘⅜ℓ⅜≈¬⅘⅗− ‰−+‰≈÷=⅔Ħ −⅚+− ¾ℓ⅖÷⅔≠∞ ≠− ∞‰− −⅜+≈Ë ₍‰÷⅔≠±⅘H ⅝⅔⅜⅔≤⅔ ⅞⅗÷−‰⅔H ⅝⅔ ⅔‰=⅞ ⅔ ∞+− ‰−÷−≠‰−⅘ ¾÷⅘ √ ×÷−⅖⅘⅚⅔≠∞ ‰⅔÷≠≈ −≠ +⅔≤⅔ ⅔ ⅜− ‰−+±⅔Ħ ₍− ¾÷⅘ √ ⅞⅗÷ℓ ⅝⅔×⅞=ℓ¾⅔⅘ ×÷−>−⅚⅜⅘+⅞⅘ ¾ ⅜⅘ −+=≠÷⅔±⅞−++− ÷⅘⅚⅞ ⅘H ⅔ ¾ ‰−+±⅘H ₌⅛ ₋ ¼ ⅜⅘Ĥ ⅔⅘ =‰÷⅞+≥−≠ =≠⅔≠⅞=≠⅞‰⅞ ≈÷−¾+√Ë ⅔×÷⅘¬⅘+− ≈ ⅞÷⅔≠∞H ⅞ ⅞ ⅝⅔⅗÷≈⅚⅔≠∞ ≈⅜⅔≤+ℓ% − ⅘+≠Ħ ⅔×÷⅘¬⅘+ℓ ≤⅞≠ℓH ⅞ ⅞ ¾ℓ ⅘≠ℓ ⅝⅔ ≠⅘÷÷⅔%+Ħ ₍ ×÷⅘⅜ℓ⅜≈¬⅘ ⅝⅔⅖⅘⅗⅘ √ −≤⅘+∞ ×÷−=⅞ +⅘ ⅜⅘ ⅞≠∞=√ ÷⅘⅝≈ ∞≠⅔≠⅔ ⅞ =¾−⅘⅗− ×÷−>−⅚⅜⅘+⅞√ = ⅜÷≈⅗⅞ ⅞ ⅞⅗÷−Ĥ ‰⅔ ⅞H +− ×÷−=∞⅖⅔ ⅖ℓ ⅔ ×÷−⅞⅗+−÷⅞÷−¾⅔+⅔H ⅞ +⅘ ×÷⅞≥ −=∞ ≈=≠÷⅔⅞¾⅔≠∞ ⅜−×− +⅞≠⅘ ∞+ℓ⅘ =−÷⅘¾+−¾⅔+⅞√ ⅔‰‰≈÷⅔≠ ×−⅜ ‰−+⅘± ‰−+‰≈÷=⅔Ħ ⅔ ∂≠−≠ ÷⅔⅝H √ ¾‰ ∫≤≈ ⅝⅔×÷⅘≠ +⅔ ×⅘÷⅘⅜⅔≤≈ ∫⅖−% ×−⅜−⅖+−% ⅞+<−÷ ⅔±⅞⅞ ¾ =¾−⅜ ×÷⅔¾⅞ Ë − +⅞≠⅘H ⅘= ⅞ ¾ℓ ⅜⅘ ⅞≠⅘=∞ = =−×⅘÷+⅞‰⅔ ⅞ ÷⅘⅝≈ ∞≠⅔≠− =¾−⅘⅗− ¾÷⅘ ⅘+⅞ ×÷−>−⅚⅜⅘+⅞√H ⅞ ⅞ =×−=−⅖− ⅘⅗‰− ×÷−%≠⅞ −=−⅖− ⅝⅔‰−¾ℓ÷⅞=≠−⅘ ⅘=≠−H ⅞ =−×⅘÷+⅞‰ +⅘¾⅝+⅔≤⅔% ×−⅖⅘⅚⅜⅔⅘≠H ≠− ≈⅜⅞¾ √≠∞=√ +⅘≤⅘ ≈H +⅞Ĥ ‰⅔‰⅞> ⅜−×− +⅞≠⅘ ∞+ℓ> =>¾⅔≠−‰ ×÷−¾−⅜⅞≠∞=√ +⅘ ⅖≈⅜⅘≠H ¾ℓ ×÷−⅞⅗÷⅔ ⅞H −+ ×−⅖⅘⅜⅞ Ħ ⅔=≥⅞÷⅘++ℓ% =¾−⅜ ×÷⅔¾⅞ ⅖≈⅜⅘≠ ⅜−=≠≈×⅘+ ⅜ √ −⅝+⅔‰−
⅘+⅞√H ‰⅔‰ ≠− ∞‰− +⅔≤+⅘≠=√ ‰−+‰≈÷=Ħ ÓŠT
₎−÷√≤⅔√ ⅞+⅞√ ₍=⅘ ×÷⅞¾⅘≠Ë ₍ ÷≈⅖÷⅞‰⅘ Ē₎−÷√≤⅔√ ⅞+⅞√Ē ≤⅞≠⅔≠⅘ ⅞ −⅗≈≠ = +⅔ ⅞ =¾√⅝⅔≠∞=√ ⅞ ⅝⅔⅜⅔≠∞ ⅞+≠⅘÷⅘=≈∫¬⅞⅘ ¾−×÷−=ℓ +⅔≥⅘% ÷⅘⅜⅔‰±⅞⅞Ħ ⅔‰⅚⅘H −⅚+− −≠×÷⅔¾ √≠∞ =¾−⅞ ℓ= ⅞H ⅞⅜⅘⅞H ×−⅚⅘ ⅔+⅞√ ‰⅔=⅔≠⅘ ∞+− ⅚≈÷+⅔ ⅔ ⅞ ¾=⅘% ¾=⅘ ⅘+Ĥ +−% ŐŤŲÙŬẀV ŐŠÜ ¾ ±⅘ − Ħ Ē₎−÷√≤⅔√ ⅞+⅞√Ē ¾ℓ= ≈≥⅔⅘≠ ‰⅔⅚⅜−⅗− ⅞ ×− −⅚⅘≠ −⅖=≈⅜⅞≠∞ ‰⅔‰≈∫Ĥ ⅞⅖− ×÷−Ĥ ⅖ ⅘ ≈ ⅞ ⅞ ×÷−=≠− ⅜≈≥⅘¾+− ×−⅖⅘=⅘⅜−¾⅔≠∞Ħ ⅔≤⅞+⅔√ =− = ⅘⅜≈∫¬⅘⅗− ¾ℓ×≈=‰⅔H ¾⅔≥⅞ ¾−×÷−=ℓ ⅖≈⅜≈≠ ÷⅔⅝ ⅘¬⅔≠∞=√ ⅝⅜⅘=∞H ¾ ⅘=≠⅘ = +⅔≥⅞ ⅞ −≠¾⅘≠⅔ ⅞Ħ ₍−×÷−=ℓ −⅚+− ⅝⅔⅜⅔≠∞ ¾ ⅞≤‰≈ +⅘ ĜŐWŤŠTȚŠVWĞĦ ×⅔=⅞⅖− ⅝⅔ ¾+⅞ ⅔+⅞⅘ ⅞ ⅜− +−¾ℓ> ¾=≠÷⅘≤Ë ŐWŤŠTȚŠVW OM