April 2022 - Florida Water Resources Journal

Page 62

SERVING FLORIDA’S WATER AND WASTEWATER INDUSTRY SINCE 1949

Test Yourself Answer Key From page 20 January 2016

Editorial Calendar

January.............. Wastewater Treatment February............ Water Supply; Alternative Sources March................. Energy Efficiency; Environmental Stewardship April................... Conservation and Reuse May .................... Operations and Utilities Management June................... Biosolids Management and Bioenergy Production July .................... Stormwater Management; Emerging Technologies August............... Disinfection; Water Quality September......... Emerging Issues; Water Resources Management October.............. New Facilities, Expansions, and Upgrades November.......... Water Treatment December.......... Distribution and Collection Technical articles are usually scheduled several months in advance and are due 60 days before the issue month (for example, January 1 for the March issue). The closing date for display ad and directory card reservations, notices, announcements, upcoming events, and everything else including classified ads, is 30 days before the issue month (for example, September 1 for the October issue). For further information on submittal requirements, guidelines for writers, advertising rates and conditions, and ad dimensions, as well as the most recent notices, announcements, and classified advertisements, go to www.fwrj.com or call 352-241-6006.

Display Advertiser Index AWWA Free Trial Membership ����������������������������������������������������������� 43 2022 Florida Water Resources Conference ���������������������������������10-19 American Water ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 58 AWWA ACE22 �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 27 Blue Planet Environmental Systems ������������������������������������������������� 63 Carollo �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 37 Data Flow ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 6 FSAWWA Conference Call for Papers ����������������������������������������������� 33 FSAWWA Conference Exhibitor Registration ����������������������������������� 32 FSAWWA Roy Likins Scholarship Fund �������������������������������������������� 34 FWPCOA Region IV Short School ����������������������������������������������������� 55 FWPCOA Training Calendar ��������������������������������������������������������������� 57 Gerber Pumps ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 9 Heyward ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2 Hudson Pump and Equipment ����������������������������������������������������������� 51 Hydro International ������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 5 InfoSense ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 61 Kamstrup ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 49 Lakeside Equipment Corporation �������������������������������������������������������� 7 Mission Communications ������������������������������������������������������������������� 58 PolyProcessing ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 45 UF TREEO Center Training ����������������������������������������������������������������� 56 Violia ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 Xylem ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 64 YSI �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 35

62 April 2022 • Florida Water Resources Journal

1. B) cyanobacteria.

Per the Protecting Florida Together website, Education Center – BlueGreen Algae, “Blue-green algae, or cyanobacteria, occur frequently in Florida’s freshwater environments. Blue-green algae are microorganisms that function like plants in that they use light energy from the sun and nutrients acquired from the environment to help them grow.”

2. C) nutrients.

Per the Protecting Florida Together website, Education Center – Blue-Green Algae, “some environmental factors that contribute to blue-green algae blooms are sunny days, warm water temperatures, still water conditions, and a plentiful supply of nutrients. Reducing the supply of nutrients, nitrogen, and phosphorus in particular, can help decrease the intensity and duration of blue-green algal blooms.”

3. D) Toxins

Per the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) website, Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs) in Water Bodies, “Blooms with the potential to harm human health or aquatic ecosystems are referred to as harmful algal blooms, or HABs. In freshwater systems, cyanobacteria (also called blue-green algae) are microorganisms that can produce HABs. Some cyanobacterial HABs, or cyanoHABs, can produce toxins. CyanoHABs and their toxins can harm people, animals, aquatic ecosystems, the economy, drinking water supplies, property values, and recreational activities, including swimming and commercial and recreational fishing.”

4. C ) Cylindrospermopsin and microcystin

Per EPA Fact Sheet, “Cyanotoxins Drinking Water Advisories”: “The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published national drinking water health advisories for the cyanotoxins microcystins and cylindrospermopsin.”

5. D) 10 days

Per EPA Fact Sheet, “Cyanotoxins Drinking Water Advisories”: “The health advisories provide the cyanotoxins levels in drinking water less than or equal to adverse human health impacts are unlikely to occur over a 10-day period of time. Health advisories are developed to help states and water systems assess local situations, and during emergency situations and spills. They are not a federally enforceable, regulatory limit.”

6. B ) Conducting a systemspecific evaluation for vulnerability to blooms.

Per the EPA “Recommendations for Public

Water Systems to Manage Cyanotoxins in Drinking Water,” in the executive summary, “The stepwise approach includes the following five steps: • Step one involves conducting a systemspecific evaluation for vulnerability to blooms; • Step two suggests activities for preparing and observing potential blooms; • Step three describes monitoring activities to determine whether cyanotoxins are present in the raw water, and recommended communication and treatment activities if cyanotoxins are found in the raw water; • Step four describes monitoring activities to determine whether cyanotoxins are present in finished water and recommended communication and treatment activities if cyanotoxins are found; and • Step five describes continued finished water monitoring (confirming the initial finished water sample in step four) and treatment and communication activities if cyanotoxins are found in the finished water above acceptable levels.”

7. D) Karenia brevis

Per FDEP Fact Sheet, “Harmful Algal Blooms,”: “In Florida and the Gulf of Mexico, the species that causes most red tides is Karenia brevis, often abbreviated as K. brevis.”

8. C) freshwater systems.

Per the Protecting Florida Together website, Education Center – Red Tide, “Blue-green algae blooms occur primarily in freshwater water systems, whereas red tides tend to originate 10 to 40 miles offshore. Although wind and currents can push red tides into nearshore waters, including bays and estuaries, the algae that cause red tides cannot survive in freshwater systems.”

9. C) diatoms.

Per FWC Fact Sheet, “Pseudo-nitzschia spp,”: “Pseudo-nitzschia is a singlecelled, naturally occurring organism belonging to a group of microscopic algae called diatoms. Diatoms can bloom when cells divide rapidly, resulting in high cell concentrations.”

10. D) Water quality dashboard

Per the Protecting Florida Together website, Education Center – Harmful Algal Blooms, “The Protecting Florida Together water quality dashboard delivers relevant water quality information statewide, including blue-green algae, red tide, and nutrient monitoring data. [This] map helps to ensure transparency and accountability with respect to our water quality data and its exchange with the public. Information for [this] map is provided by FDEP and FWC.”


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Display Advertiser Index

4min
pages 62-64

Classifieds

6min
pages 59-61

FWPCOA Region IV Short School

1min
page 55

Reader Profile—Keisha McKinnie

2min
page 54

Annual Assessment of Florida’s Water Resources and Conservation Lands: 2021 Edition

8min
pages 52-53

FSAWWA Speaking Out—Emilie Moore

6min
pages 46-47

Contractors Roundup: What the Contractors Council Can Do for You—Jonathan Fernald

5min
pages 48-49

AWWA Free Trail Membership

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page 43

C Factor—Patrick “Murf” Murphy

6min
pages 40-41

WWEMA Member Market Survey Reflects Sales Increases

2min
page 42

FWEA Chapter Corner: FWEA Leadership Workshop 2022: True Leaders in the

2min
pages 44-45

Cities Collaborating to Build Resilience and Leverage Funding—Sarah Deslauriers, Juan

10min
pages 36-39

Venner to Represent WEF at Florida Water Resources Conference

1min
page 29

AWWA ACE22

2min
page 27

Funds Available to Address Lead in Drinking Water

2min
pages 8-9

Florida Department of Environmental Protection Reuse Program: Management and Implementation

20min
pages 22-26

FSAWWA Fall Conference Call for Papers

1min
page 33

National Water Reuse Action Plan: Join the Effort

3min
pages 4-7

Let’s Talk Safety: Job Hazard Analysis Identify and Reduce Hazards

4min
pages 30-31

FWEA Focus—Ronald R. Cavalieri

3min
page 28
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