ENGLISH-POLISH-SPANISH WATER GLOSSARY
Acid deposition: the falling of acids and acid-forming compounds from the atmosphere to the earth’s surface. It is commonly known as acid rain.
Depozycja kwasów
Deposición ácida
Acid solution: any water solution that has more hydrogen ions (H ) than hydroxide ions (OH ); any water solution with a pH less than 7. +
Roztwór kwasu
Solución es ácida
-
Accumulation: the process in which water pools in large bodies (such as oceans, seas and lakes).
Akumulacja
Acumulación
Acid Rain: rain with pH below 5.5
Kwaśny deszcz
Lluvia ácida
Acre-Foot: the quantity of water required to cover one acre to a depth of one foot; equal to 43,560 cubic feet, or approximately 325,851 gallons.
Stopa akrowa
Pie Acre
Aeration: the process of mixing air with water; this increases the oxygen level.
Napowietrzanie
Aeración
Alluvial: Sediment deposited by flowing water, such as in a riverbed.
Napływowy
Aluvial
Alum: a very sticky substance added to water during treatment that causes particles in the water to stick together.
Ałun
Alumbre
Aquifer: an underground layer of rock, sediment or soil that is filled or saturated with water.
Warstwa wodonośna
Acuifero
Aquitard: A layer of rock over an aquifer through which water cannot soak.
Półprzepuszczalna warstwa wzdłuż warstwy wodonośnej.
Aquitard
Artificial Recharge: The addition of water to a ground water reservoir by human activity, such as irrigation or induced in form streams, wells, or recharge basins.
Sztuczne nawadnianie
Recarga artificial
Brackish Water: water containing dissolved minerals in amounts that exceed normally acceptable standards for municipal, domestic, and irrigation uses. Considerably less saline than sea water.
Woda brachiczna
Agua salobre
Catch basin: an opening on the side of street which is the entrance to the stormdrain
Ściek uliczny
Cuenca
Coagulation: caused by adding alum to water, coagulation occurs when small particles cling together, creating particles large enough to be filtered out.
Koagulacja
Coagulación
Condensation: the process of water changing from a vapor (gas state) to a liquid state.
Skraplanie
Condensación
Contamination: the addition of an undesirable and potentially harmful material; pollution.
Zanieczyszczenie, skażenie
Contaminación
Creek: a stream that is smaller than a river and larger than a brook.
Potok
Crujido
Critical Dry Period: a series of water-deficient years in which a full reservoir storage system at the beginning is drawn down (without any spill) to minimum storage at the end.
Krytyczny okres suchy
Periodo seco critico
Desalination: a process that converts sea water or brackish water to fresh water or an otherwise more usable condition through removal of dissolved solids. Also called "desalting."
Odsalanie
Desalinización
Drip Irrigation: a method of watering plants using hoses and emitters with small holes through which water drips
Nawadnianie kroplowe
Riego por goteo
Drought: An extended period of limited or no precipitation (rain or snow)
Susza
Borrador
Estuary: the wide lower course of a river where its current is met by the tides of the ocean.
Ujśćie
Estuario
Evaporation: the change of liquid to a vapor or gas, usually by contact with heat.
Parowanie
Evaporación
Evapotranspiration: the total amount of water loss in plants due to evaporation and water loss through plant tissue.
Ewapotranspiracja
Evapotranspiración
Filtration: The process of running water through a filter to remove undissolved impurities. Filtration occurs naturally through soil.
Filtracja
Filtración
Furrow Irrigation: A type of irrigation which allows water to flood furrows between crop rows.
Nawadnianie bruzdowe
Riego por surcos
Groundwater: Water that is stored underground in the pore space of aquifers.
Wody gruntowe
Agua subterránea
Groundwater Basin: A groundwater reservoir, together with all the overlying land surface and underlying aquifers that contribute water to the reservoir.
Zbiornik wód podziemnych
Tanque de agua subterráneas
Groundwater Mining: The withdrawal of water from an aquifer greatly in excess of replenishment; if continued, the underground supply will eventually be exhausted or the water table will drop below economically feasible pumping lifts.
Wydobycie wód podziemnych
Mineria de aguas subterráneas
Groundwater Recharge: Increases in groundwater by natural conditions or by human activity.
Uzupełnianie wód gruntowych
Recarga de aguas subterráneas
Hydrology: The scientific study of the properties, distribution and effects of water in the atmosphere, on the earth's surface and in soil and rocks.
Hydrologia
Hidrología
Infiltration: The process by which water seeps into the soil.
Infiltracja
Infiltración
Overdraft: Withdrawal of groundwater in excess of a basin's perennial yield
Nadmierna ekploatacja wód gruntowych
Sobregiro
Percolate / Infiltrate: To ooze or trickle through a permeable substance.
Przenikać
Filtrarse
Percolation: Water soaking into the ground through particles of soil.
Przesiąkanie
Percolación
Pollutant: Any substance, biological or chemical, in which an identified excess is known to be harmful to desirable organisms (both plants and animals)
Polutant
Contaminante
Pollution: Items and chemicals that endanger the quality of life and life itself.
Zanieczyszczenie
Contaminación
Potable: Water that is safe to drink.
Zdatny do picia
Potable
Precipitation: The fall of condensed moisture as rain, snow or sleet
Opad
Precipitaciones
Primary Treatment: The first stage of wastewater treatment; involves passing through a comminutor, grit chamber, and sedimentation
Wstępne uzdatnianie wody
Basica comportamiento
Recharge: The process of water seeping through soil into an aquifer or groundwater basin.
Zasilanie
Recarga
Recharge Basin: A surface facility, often a large pond, used to increase the infiltration of water into a groundwater basin.
Zbiornik zasilający
Recarga artificial
Reclaimed Water: Water that is treated at a treatment plant after is was used once, and is now safe to use again for certain purposes.
Odzyskana woda
Agua regenerada
Return Flow: The portion of withdrawn water that is not consumed by evapotranspiration and returns instead to its source or to another body of water.
Przepływ zwrotny
Caudal de retorno
Riparian: Habitat found near the source of fresh water.
Nadbrzeże
El puerto
Riverbed: the bed or channel in which a river flows.
Koryto rzeczne
El lecho
Runof: Rain that is not absorbed by the soil, and flows into the surface of the soil.
Odpływ
Escorrentía
Safe Yield: The amount of water that can be taken from a water storage that will be replaced naturally.
Bezpieczne wydobycie
Rendimiento seguro
Salinity: The concentration of mineral salts dissolved in water.
Zasolenie
Salinidad
Secondary Treatment: The second stage of wastewater treatment during which the water goes through aeration, followed by the addition of aerobic bacteria.
Oczyszczanie ścieków drugiego stopnia
Un tratamiento secundario
Sedimentation: A step in water treatment where particles in water fall to the bottom of a tank and are removed.
Sedymentacja
Sedimentación
Silt: Sediments which are removed from water at a treatment plant.
Osad wodny
Cieno
Sludge: Sediments which are removed from water at a treatment plant.
Szlam, osad.
El lodo
Storm Drain: Low area or device designed to carry away extra rainwater. A pipe that travels from the catch basin to the creeks and ocean.
Burzowiec
Desagüe pluvial
Stream: A current of water; a small river.
Strumień
Riachuelo
Surface Water: Water which is found on the earth's surface: lakes, streams, rivers, reservoirs, etc.
Wody powierzchniowe
Aguas superficiales
Tertiary Treatment: The third stage of wastewater treatment where water goes through coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and the addition of chlorine.
Trzeci stopień oczyszczania ścieków
El tratamiento terciario
Transpiration: The exchange of water from plants and trees to the atmosphere.
Transpiracja
Transpiración
Wastewater: Water that has been used by either humans or industry; any water that enters the sewage system.
Ścieki
Aguas residuales
Wastewater (Sewage) Treatment Plant: A treatment facility where the wastewater (sewer) is cleaned.
Oczyszczalnia ścieków
Planta de tratamiento
Water Cycle: The continuous cycle of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation in which water is continually being recycled.
Cykl hydrologiczny
El ciclo del agua
Water Table: The surface of underground, gravity-controlled water.
Zwierciadło wód gruntowych
Capa freática
Water Treatment Plant: A plant where water is treated to make it fit for potable use.
Stacja uzdatniania wody
La planta de tratamiento de aguas
Water Vapor: Water in an invisible gaseous state or in a visible liquid state consisting of extremely small particles suspended in the air.
Para wodna
El vapor de agua