[]
* “
@ 1 PORTFOLIO 2013/14 MSc Course BUDD - Building and Urban Design in Development The Bartlett DPU - Development Planning Unit UCL - University College of London Student: Giovanna Astolfo Courses: BU1 - Transforming Local Areas - Urban design in development BU2 - Participatory Processes - Building for development BU3- Building and urban design practice
process
critical reading/ learning from the everyday life/ reading the context & learning from the city/ participative design
CRITICAL READING select topics on the city
[] open question is it really that bad?/ is everyone an architect?
topic
LEARNING FROM THE EVERYDAY LIFE
READING THE CONTEXT & LEARNING FROM THE CITY
engage with the site
study and mapping from distant
PARTICIPATIVE DESIGN design with the people not for the people
prepare to change your point of view
prepare for a new role
is it really that bad?
is everyone an architect?
multiplicity/distances/resilience
* sub-topic fear and control/ proximity &
DISTANCES
comfort/ destini incrociati /the flaneur/ the voyeur
muse
“ Focault/Calvino/Bentham/De Carlo
theme
urban borders/ social housing/ flood prone areas/open spaces
RESILIENCE
proximity & comfort
fear & control
Michel Focault
Italo Calvino
urban borders & barriers
the flaneur
the voyeur
Michel De Certau
social housing
consider the possibility of “doing nothing” consider the actors consider the community mapping: you are not their GIS guru forget top-down projects forget masterplans, consider only small scale forget the territory, consider space it is not about the urban, but the social and political
MULTIPLICITY
destini incrociati
the architect cannot costrain people’s behaviours and life
Jeremy Bentham
flood prone areas
Giancarlo De Carlo
[]
* “
open spaces
@ pretext
1
course
The Good City
London [Royal D.]
BU1
Brescia
FIELDTRIPS
This portfolio is an excuse to gather together the projects prepared during the course, reconnecting them according to narratives, in a not chronological sequence and with the addition of texts, comments, descriptions and reflections. The projects cover the BU3 course (Building and urban design practice), the fieldtrip in Brescia and the Windsor workshop, while the texts expand, synthesize or detour from the texts prepared for the BUDDblog and for the essays of the BU1 (Urban design in development) and BU2 courses (Building for development). The narratives are suggested by the different contexts in which the projects operate, but they can be found in different times and places, almost like a fil rouge that holds together the design exploration.
Dar
BKK
London [Portico]
London [Bricklane]
BU3
Terni
BU2
@ 1
PORTFOLIO 2013/14 MSc Course BUDD - Building and Urban Design in Development The Bartlett DPU - Development Planning Unit UCL - University College of London Student: Giovanna Astolfo Courses: BU1 - Transforming Local Areas - Urban design in development BU2 - Participatory Processes - Building for development BU3- Building and urban design practice
KEYMAP
the good city/ London, Royal Docks/ Brescia/ Dar es Salaam/ Bangkok/ London, Portico/ London, Bricklane/ Terni
Social network users CYBORG CULTURE Bloggers white/red/blue
VERNACULAR CULTURE
NATIONALIDENTITY military culture
institutional culture
gold/yellow incense/candle
MONARCHALIDENTITY
everyday life housing INFORMAL CULTURE shophouses informal economy detached houses informal housing riverside houses STREET CULTURE identity conservative identity ecological sensibility GREEN CULTURE progressive identity type of buildings WESTERN CULTURE lifestyle neoliberal identity CHINESE CULTURE
RELIGIOUS CULTURE
MUSLIM CULTURE CHRISTIAN CULTURE
food IDENTITY tourism sex IDENTITY LOW COST IDENTITY the box box temples the ASIATIC CULTURE YT boat trips YITTINTENDEIDI STEREOTYPED IDENTITY natural beaches trafficking sexual tourism BRANDED IDENTITY SEXUAL IDENTITY sexuality gender
the cloud of identities
How many possible identities and cultures exist in Bangkok? Uncountable‌. Identities and cultures are multiple and multi-scalar. They become spatially tied in the production of the city. They are a reflection of the individual onto society, and from society back to the individual. We wanted to reflect the multiplicity of identities, their interconnections and their relation to the individual. We decided to use colors, because different colors have different meanings in Bangkok and Thai society, for different days in the week, different politics, etc. and associate these with broad groups that we have defined and show these at different scales, in different shapes and interacting with one another. We chose 4 kinds of identity/culture to structure the Thai society: nationreligion-monarch and urban culture. We came to the idea of creating a space where the individuals could experience the complexity and multiplicity of different cultures and identities whilst reflecting their own self back. We used mirrors to represent this.
IDENTITY
IDENTITY YTITNEDI
YTITNEDI
day in one week and different politics
YTITNEDI
URBAN CULTURE territorial
BUDDHIST CULTURE
colors color have different colors meaning in Bangkok color have different society, for different meaning in week Bangkok day in one and differentfor politics society, different
IDENTITY
mirrors Identities are a mirrors reflection of the Identities are a individual onto reflection the society, and of from society back onto to the individual individual society, and from
society back to the individual
transparent roof the cultural identities transparent roofin within BKK are not the cultural isolation from identities other within BKK country are not in places in the and isolation across the from globe other identities are the porous places in country
We have also included a transparent roof to highlight that the cultural practices and identities within Bangkok are not in isolation from other places in the country and across the globe. That these identities are porous.The different colours are all tied to overarching groups of identities and where there is a vertical strip it shows how certain identities can be tied together by others.
and across the globe identities are porous
the identity box
wear the box to reflect on the multiple identities of BKK!
we came to the idea of creating a space where the individual could experience the complexity and multiplicity of different cultures and identities whilst reflecting their own self back.
We came to the idea of using mirrors to represent this, so that there was a space where you could experience this web.
BKK - IDENTITY RESPONSE 151113 reading the context & learning from the city/learning from everyday life [] multiplicity/resilience * destini incrociati/ proximity and comfort/the flaneur “ Italo Calvino/ Jeremy Bentham/ Michel De Certau/Michel Focault barriers @ BKK 3
#MULTI
When you see the colours in the reflection they will interact in different ways which we could not predict, this represents the often random formation of a city based on collective identities and cultural practices
Parasites parasites [Aggetti]
“Here we have everything we need, I choose to bring up my children here. I will never move.” [Woman, Italian,mother of 2]
“It is too big. I cannot know 160 families. Others moved to San Polino when the Tintoretto tower closed. It is less dense” [Man, Egyptian,father of 5]
Topping [Ridimensionamento]
topping
“In the past people used to see foreigners as strangers but now we go to school together and we have Porousityporousity [Porosità] friends that live in the towers from different nationalities”
BRESCIA S.POLO - IS IT REALLY THAT BAD? 100214
multiplicity /,m ltiplisiti. consisting of elements in complex relation
learning from the everyday life [] is it really that bad? is everyone an architect? multiplicity/distances * destini incrociati/ fear and control “ Italo Calvino/ Michel Focault barriers/social housing @ Brescia F
PLICITY
“We moved from our 28 sq.mt. in the center to here because we pay less and it is quite bigger”
DID YOU SAY BABEL? I would like to tell 196 stories, one for each flat of the tower, and how each story is linked to the others in a multiplication of networks without any conclusion. Destini incrociati. SURPRISE. When I arrived in Brescia, I expected to find a ghetto. I also knew that one of the five towers had an uncertain future, suspended between demolition and reuse, and I expected that my task was simply to suggest an alternative. The first day was so foggy that we could not see the top of the towers. Apparently, the fog was reducing the impact of the massive buildings on the surrounding landscape - and I thought that a “permanent fog condition” could be a good design solution for the open question I was addressing: demolish or convert? An atmospheric solution for an architectural problem could be the ultimate solution in the long list of camouflage proposals: topping, mirror cladding, terracing and altering the inner section. Alternatives that could be self constructed by the residents, enhancing the existing social capital; alternatives that attempt to amend the failure of the modernist dream of hygienization and standardization; alternatives that were all excellent (why asking for a new one?) IF the problem was architectural. DISAPPOINTMENT. The ghetto is not a ghetto! As I understood from the interviews, S.Polo was built with public funds as part of a PEEP (Piani Edilizia Economica Popolare) in the 80s, including high and low rise housing. I have been really surprised by the cleanness and apparent safety of the area and even more surprised by the many residents that positively commented on the sense of belonging to the area. I was also pleased to discover the presence of networks between dwellers. Destini incrociati. My initial idea of the place was wrong and I had to change my point of view or, better, I had to conclude that the problem was the point of view itself. S.Polo suffers of a bad reputation that began in 1985, which is still present, and it is perceived as a virtual barrier that isolates S.Polo from the rest of the city. A barrier that should be broken, because, the area is really dynamic and multiple.
The first charette was set in the Portico, the semipublic or semiprivate (we have been discussing its semi-something for long time, without coming to any conclusion) space at the very core of UCL campus. It stands in front of the Cruciform, reminiscent of the centrality of the Bentham’s Panopticon. Being Bentham the founder of the UCL and, despite its own will and desire, the indirect founder of the surveilled society (through the Focault re-reading of his “invention” and intention), we planned to observe the everydaylife of the UCL community from a central point of view (centre of the court). At the beginning, I thought we were acting as a voyeurs, but I was wrong. The voyeur is someone who observes not being observed, and his interest is often perverse. If the observer is hidden, the observed behaves naturally and spontaneously. On the contrary, we wanted to be seen, in order to record the reaction of people and their less spontaneous behaviours. The role of the camera, visibly placed on the tripod and shooting every 60 seconds, was to intimidate people, remembering them that they were being observed. More findings came from the observation of the routines of the people in the area: their favourite routes, the meeting points and the privileged points of view where to stop, sit, light a cigarette, eat. According to the De Certeau, and the practices of the “quotidien” (as a tactic of survival or revenge to the instituzionalised form of the city), we noticed that the majority of people do not use the paved paths (longer routes) but they cross the garden, creating new paths (short routes).
D
I
S
We did not recognize any space of conflict in the Portico court, (except for the occasional presence of a van in the pedestrian territory) for the, as we thought, extreme homogeneity of the occupants (UCL community) and the presence of the gate, the guardian and the CCTV at the entrance.
LONDON - BEHIND THE GATE 151013
voyeur someone who enjoys watching other people’s behaviour
critical reading/learning from everyday life [] distances & multiplicity * the voyeur/ fear and control “ Jeremy Bentham/Michel Focault/Michel De Certau open space/urban borders and barriers @ London, Portico, UCL Campus 3
This work marked the last stage of our BKK study: a sort of retroactive manifesto, full of flash-backs and flash-forwards. Starting from 6 individual design responses, we tried to define common principles, from which outline 3 strategies, that could be developed in time and scale into 5 scenarios and then into a city vision in which all the interventions are merged together. All our individual design responses were at the small scale, low cost, self constructed and self-replicable. Moreover, they intended to start open ended processes, instead of colonize the city with products. The common principles that connect the projects are 3: sustainability, empowerment and adaptability. The related strategies shape possible futures for the city and are represented in a time-scale evolution (short and long term, from community to city level), with the intervention of different actors and the economic, environmental and cultural opportunities for the residents.
N
The fourth scenario (again leftovers) aims to rivitalize the canal and the life along it through interventions that can be replicated in scale and time, through a network of knowledge and expertise.
BKK -COLLATED STRATEGIES 310114 critical reading/learning from the city
re-scaling
[]
/ri:’skeil. changing the scale
* “
resilience barriers/flood prone areas/open spaces @ BKK 3
A
The third scenario (leftovers) starts with the mapping of unused spaces (e.g. the rooftops or the space under the viaducts), to transform them according to the community needs. In the case of the green open spaces, they can become space of production providing employment.
T
In the first scenario (resilience), we outlined how, from small interventions at the scale of the community (e.g. the creation of sand bags barriers or the collection of rainwater in the rooftops), it is possible to define a neighbourhood strategy, which goal is to cope with flooding, that can led to broader interventions regarding the managing of water networks at the city level.
city
PHASE 1/ The community affected by flooding and at risk of eviction can implement new and traditional adaptation micro-approaches: water containment through sand bags, small dam construct that can be easily managed and water storage on rooftops > Bang Bua
PHASE 2/ The affected neighbourhoods can create floating platforms and community life boats (to house, for example, a school library and a health center), consolidate their houses on stilts, create elevated deck accesses and develop pilot projects of floating houses
PHASE 3/ The proposed interventions at the scale of the neighbourhood can slowly become formal. Bang Bua “green columns” create a natural columnade along 13 km of canal
PHASE 4/ Canals depollution management by the community, “reclamation” and re-opening of the covered canals, creation of parking lots with drainage system
neighbourhood
short term
long term
community employment
employment
long term adaptation
green design strategy
protect and reinforce environment
sharing knowledge and expertise on flooding adaptation
sharing knowledge and expertise ins organization and building capacity
strenghten local identity
restore relation citizen-water
RESILIENCE
water storage & reuse of abandoned buildings
FLOODING
scenario GOV ERN MENT
city
community life boat & floating spaces
CODI
DPU
BangBua
PHASE 1/ Communities with lack of open spaces take leftovers to create common areas (the unused space under the elevated infrastructure or the rooftops) > Rama IV
PHASE 2/ They can use the leftovers to reinforce green areas activities.These implementations focus on empowering the surrounding communities to take similar action.They interventions can be low-cost constructed, by using recycled and raw materials areas in the city
PHASE 3/ The green guerrila can take over the city; some of the green shared spaces can also became places of self production of food
short term
long term
S
cultural
employment
avoiding risk of eviction; increase access to water
E
environmental
employment
C
economic
neighbourhood
community
economic environmental
7
10
cultural
local employment
local employment
local employment and food production
creation of new green spaces
recycle of local materials
implementation and improvement of green spaces
shared spaces
creation of a network of expertise and knowledge
new shared spaces
LEFTOVERS
CODI
private sector
individual design
15
16
13 4
2
4
13
9
14
11
16
re-colution com-gardens city catalist
5
2
floating spaces 15
shared kitchen & densification of interstices
scenario GOV ERN MENT
12
room extension & densification of interstices
ripple effect micro acts
DENSITY CONGESTION
Rama IV
common strategies
1/Empower and enable local communities to self-organize in order to develop own projects 2/Facilitate the conditions to guarantee long term maintenance of any project 3/Recognize the cracks and take advantage of them in order to create new opportunities to improve quality of life
rooftop gardens & transformation of leftovers
guidelines
13
14
15
Use micro-interventions in public and private leftover spaces to generate positive effects in social, economic and cultural issue. In this way is fundamental to engage people to work in self-construction and self-management processes that increase their sense of community and belonging. Encourage the use public transport and other non-polluting means of transportation in order to reduce the levels of urban traffic and pollution in Bangkok. This initiative will be support by the creation of a virtual network that gives information about mobility in the city, shows proposals of alternative ways of transport and collect opinions of the inhabitants about the transport plan. Implement little pilot projects in the river and canals cross Bangkok in order to reactivate them and recover a traditional network of transport in the city.
1
Identify the relevant stakeholders and their role as providers of resources, land owners, active members of the communities, authorities and policy makers.
2
Create physical spaces or nodes in the city where different stakeholders can discuss and negotiate conditions that enable communities to implement development programs and citywide networks. These spaces should be multifunctional and flexible in order to be able to adapt to the needs of different social groups and contexts in the city.
3
Ensure the participation of all the actors in the design, construction and maintenance of these spaces. Their creation in strategic locations of the city will transform them into a symbol of change and a catalytic point to discussed and create new approaches and ideas.
8
Take under consideration the seasonal changes within and prepare the inhabitants to face flooding and fire p sites of the interventions.
9
Identify if the chosen areas of intervention present en pollution, waste problems, flooding and fire risks) in o conditions and avoid future destruction.
10
Set a waste collection system that includes recycling recycle and raw materials in the implementation of th ding to the sites that will be chosen. In that case inhab and safer living conditions for the future but also they constructions and will increase the maintenance.
Social resilience
BKK resilient city
Resilience is the ability of a system exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate, and recover from the effects of a hazard promptly and efficiently. The phases of disaster risk management —mitigation, preparedness, disaster, response, recovery, and reconstruction—each offer practical opportunities to enhance resilience. Risk mitigation is part of the resilience approach. With the general aim of increasing preparedness and the capacity to respond to a disaster and swiftly recover from its impacts, resilience goes beyond mere mitigation. Risk can be reduced by reducing the exposure and vulnerability of people or assets that are linked to their geographical location, the structure of the built and natural environment, operational and institutional arrangements, and management of the fiscal impacts of natural hazards. Social resilience is the capacity of a community or society to cope with, and adapt to, disturbances or changes. It includes the ability of communities and society as a whole to absorb disturbances, self-organize to adjust to current and new stresses, and build and increase capacity for learning and adaptation. A resilient community is able to respond positively to changes or stress and despite them maintain its core functions as a community.
“Social resilience is the capacity of a community or society to cope with, and adapt to, disturbances or changes. It includes the ability of communities and society as a whole to absorb disturbances, self-organize to adjust to current and new stresses, and build and increase capacity for learning and adaptation. A resilient community is able to respond positively to changes or stress and despite them maintain its core functions as a community”. (Building Urban Resilience. Principles, Tools, and Practice. Eds: Abhas K. Jha, Todd W. Miner, and Zuzana Stanton-Geddes. The World Bank, 2013).
BKK - MAPPING & EVERYDAY LIFE NARRATIVES 261013
resilience /ri’zilens. the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties
reading the context & learning from the city [] resilience * “ Michel De Certau flood prone areas @ BKK 3
R #
What is resilience? The definition of resilience is “the ability of a system exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate, and recover from the effects of a hazard promptly and efficiently. The phases of disaster risk management —mitigation, preparedness, disaster, response, recovery, and reconstruction—each offer practical opportunities to enhance resilience. Risk mitigation is part of the resilience approach. With the general aim of increasing preparedness and the capacity to respond to a disaster and swiftly recover from its impacts, resilience goes beyond mere mitigation. Risk can be reduced by reducing the exposure and vulnerability of people or assets that are linked to their geographical location, the structure of the built and natural environment, operational and institutional arrangements, and management of the fiscal impacts of natural hazards”.
E
(Building Urban Resilience. Principles, Tools, and Practice. Eds: Abhas K. Jha, Todd W. Miner, and Zuzana Stanton-Geddes. The World Bank, 2013)
Distance and dimension
Intervention sites/
Sirichai
railroad BTS/Skytrain tube administrative limits project areas
age:73 gender: male occupation: shoemaker daily $: 50 baths living area: Nang Loen working area: city center distance to workplace: 0-2 km
Beng bua
Akenarin age:70 gender: female occupation: retired daily $: living area: Bang Bua working area: distance to workplace: -
Surface/ 45.000 sq.m. Built area/ 39.000 sq.m.
Surface/ 95.500 sq.m. Built area/ 45.000 sq.m.
Surface/ 11.000 sq.m. Built area/ 6.000 sq.m.
Nang Loeng
Rama IV
Beng bua
Rama IV
Bang Bua
Surface/ 45.000 sq.mt. Built area/ 39.000 sq.mt.
Surface/ 95.500 sq.mt. Built area/ 45.000 sq.mt.
Surface/ 11.000 sq.mt. Built area/ 6.000 sq.mt.
Transportation Mobility/There are three major routes to Bangkok, towards east, north and west. Urbanization is highest near these routes. Between these routes the infrastructure is very poor, although the entire region suffers from inadequate infrastructure and mass transport systems. Bangkok has seen the rise of the traffic problems, especially during peak hours. Traffic congestion in the city is a problem due to uncontrolled automobile growth, low fuel prices, lack of effective mass transit system, inadequate road networks and private car oriented traffic system. Traffic speed in the inner zone of Bangkok during the peak hours is only 8-5 km/hour. About 80 per cent of the air pollution from the traffic is coming from the public transportation, mostly busses, in very bad condition and pollution is visible. Private cars are mostly new and in good shape because they are very expensive and only few people can afford them. main roads roads railroad BTS/Skytrain tube sea administrative limits project areas
There are three major routes to Bangkok, towards east, north and west. Urbanization is highest near these routes. Between these routes the infrastructure is very poor, although the entire region suffers from inadequate infrastructure and mass transport systems.
Bangkok has seen the rise of the traffic problems, especially during peak hours. Traffic congestion in the city is a problem due to uncontrolled automobile growth, low fuel prices, lack of effective mass transit system, inadequate road networks and private car oriented traffic system.
babysitting sleeping/eating observing
The number of vehicles has reached to over 2 million cars and 900.000 motor cycles. Traffic speed in the inner zone of Bangkok during the peak hours is only 8-5 km/hour.
About 80 per cent of the air pollution from the traffic is coming from the public transportation, mostly busses. The use of public transportation is enormous more than 5 million trips are made by public transport daily. Most of the busses are in very bad condition and pollution is visible. Private cars are mostly new and in good shape because they are very expensive and only rich people can afford them.
Long-Tail boats, which work as ferries in the Klongs, are also in bad shape and their engines are highly polluting.
Aran age:35 gender: male occupation: informal vendor daily $: 100 living area: Bang Bua working area: city center distance to workplace: 15 km working sleeping/eating commuting
L
Nang Loeng
I
15 km 100 min bike 180 min walk
Rama IV
Water risk Waterscapes/BKK was originally a swamp land, that was subsequently dryied and many artificial channels were excavated to irrigate the land. It appears today as a Venice of the East, with a super dense water network, which plays a central role in the use of the city (mobility) and in its perception. But unfortunately, water also play a central role as natural disaster. BKK is a flat land, few meters above the sea level. Due to its topographic conditions, it is exposed to a variety of problems, as coastal erosion, subsidence (3-10 cm per year) and flooding, expecially during the monsoon period (July). Moreover the natural drainage system and irrigation canals have been filled as a part of the malaria eradication program and to make way for roads. Due to this and poorly maintained storm sewers, the remaining canals cannot cope with the runoff on an ever increasing impervious surface area. The map shows the areas that undergo higher flood risks. main river channels streams sea administrative limits project areas medium risk rather risk rather risk high risk high risk barrier
BKK is a flat land, few meters above the sea level. Due to its topographic conditions, it is exposed to a variety of problems, as coastal erosion, subsidence (3-10 cm per year) and flooding, expecially during the monsoon period (July).
Moreover the natural drainage system and irrigation canals have been filled as a part of the malaria eradication program and to make way for roads. Due to this and poorly maintained storm sewers, the remaining canals cannot cope with the runoff on an ever increasing impervious surface area. Dikes, pumps and water gates are under construction in eastern Bangkok to provide protection for the people in flooded areas.
The map shows the areas that undergo higher flood risks. The inner core of the city, close to the River, has a medium risk, the east side has a rather risk, while the south and west side have a high risk. In 2011, exceptional rains occurred and subsequently happened the worst flood ever that costed 800 deaths. Adaptive/resilient city
The traditional BKK houses, set along the river, are built on sticks to allow the river flood without injury the domestic space.
S
6 km 40 min bike 70 min walk 10 min tube
Nang Loeng
working sleeping/eating socializing resting
risks
costs
conflicts
M
m
reversibility/ distances among interventions participation process
actors
CTRL+C replicability
Small, low cost, self-constructed and almost reversible: 8 small acts that Bangkok communities can seriously take into consideration to challenge density, accessibility, congestion and flooding in their everyday life. The 8 pocket suggestions are addressed to the residents of Nang Loang, Beng Bua and Rama IV: to the dwellers that desire a larger room or a shared kitchen, but cannot afford a larger flat; to the tuk tuk drivers who dream to drive in safe transit lanes, even in the wild traffic; to the residents that cannot pay for drinkable water or cope with flooding; to the mothers that desire to have a safe place for their children to play. Almost “out of the law” but not illegal, some of these interventions can resemble parasites and are aimed to make life just a little bit more comfortable. “Open the imaginary” regards the possibility to use empty buildings as water storage; “think continuity” suggests the densification of interstitial spaces as shared kitchens, living rooms or toilets. “Dislodge the immoble” suggests to take advantage of the leftovers (e.g. the space under the viaduct) to self build playgrounds and “surf the surface” suggests to use the the rooftops as community gardens. For each I considered risks, pros and cons, costs, actors, future development and, of course, the possibility of failure. I also added 2 hypothesis for the big scale and the institutional level: the first concerns the dichotomy between formal/informal city; the second addresses the prostitution problem.
BKK -INDIVIDUAL DESIGN RESPONSE 131213
handbook /han(d)buk. a book giving information such as facts on a particular subject or instructions for operating
reading the context & learning from the city/participative design [] is everyone an architect? distances/resilience/ multiplicity * proximity & comfort/ destini incrociati “ Michel De Certau/ Giancarlo De Carlo flood prone areas/open spaces @ BKK 3
N
pros-cons
CTRL+Z
E
approach
I
$
timelapse
I D Operate in illusion The community in partnership with the private sector can decide to convert a part of the neighborhood into a fake slum-luxury resort
E F Open the imaginary A community, living in a flood prone area or water shortage area, can select one abandoned building around and transform it into a rainwater storage. In the time, it could be added a system of phytoremediation to make the water drinkable.
the community is able to develop the process; an expert for the phytoremediation could be of help
pros: revenue from tourism, possibility to improve the condition of slum dwellers and improve the infrastructure; cons: loss of space, identity and social cohesion
costs for the demolition of walls/roof to store water; costs of the phytoremediation plants pros: more space to stock water in rainy season; more clean water to drink; stop using groundwater and water from polluted canals; the water can be sold; cons: the process takes time, it is not low-cost
C
$
E
1 year for full process- ambitious!
#
high risk of failure and ethical implications: the revenue from tourism cannot balance the costs of transformation; the community could feel deprived of a part of vital space; the identity of the community could be eroded
ambitious and long term conflicts over space between needs and dreams of residents and tourists. The poor and the tourist will meet each other through simulation
conflict with the owner of the building; conflict in term of preservation of heritage; conflict in the community for the use of the water
$
high risk intervention: risk of illegal occupancy and of failure due to lack of management
the investments come from the private sector; the community must be involved at any level; the revenue must be divided between investors and community
CTRL+C highly replicable in the city: the city continuously produces terrain vagues
$
A B C Orchestrate conflict The government should consider to provide equal accessibility to the city, implement and improve public transport system and manage congestion, through a network of BRT and cycle lanes. Additional dedicated lanes could be provided for tuk-tuks.
D G Think continuity A growing community, based in a flood prone area and at risk of eviction, can saturate the interstitial spaces among the existing buildings, to extend the space of a house, to add one room or to hang a shared kitchen.
long term and very ambitious project that can be carried out through governmental transport policies, addressed by urban and traffic plans, supported by public-private investments. Communities that are displaced distant to the city centre (where most of employment is) and have poor access conditions should be involved since the beginning in the mapping and plans.
pros: a single family can have more space, safe from flooding; the community can maintain the propinquity; cons: it can led to an over-built neighborhood
CTRL+Z not reversible; once the “parasite� is built, it cannot be removed easily
pros: increase of accessibility for community that are distant, reduction of congestion (more buses and cycles and less cars); cons: long term project, increase of congestion (for the reduced number of lanes for cars)
the densification can create conflicts over space between residents the community or the single family can make the project, find the resources and build the extension
conflict over space (the road) among means of transport: cars, buses, tuk tuks, cycles lack of transparency in the process, waste of time and public money, protests by car drivers
$
CTRL+Z the project is reversible
A KRUNG KASEM ROAD 4+4 car lanes divided by the canal, no brt, large sidewalk
B NAKHON SAWAN 5 car lanes, no brt, sidewalks on both sides
C LAN LUANG ROAD 5 car lanes, no brt, sidewalks on both sides
E CINEMA not currently used, typical wood construction
time and costs vary depending on the project, the program and the available materials (for example if the family wants to realize it in different stages)
D NANG LOENG 2 ALLEY pedestrian, with wood shophouses
M CANAL with concrete banks and sidewalks
[]
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@ 1 CONTACT Giovanna Astolfo 16 Aylestone Avenue, NW6 7AA, London, UK +44 7983303497 giovanna.astolfo.13@ucl.ac.uk via Molinato 7, 30016, Jesolo, Venezia, IT +39 3398605097 giovanna.astolfo@gmail.com