On-Site December 2023

DECEMBER 2023

FORECAST 2024 FACING A FOGGY FUTURE

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VOLUME 68, NO.6/DECEMBER 2023

FORECAST 13 Welcome Letter 14

Trying to hold steady With several major projects nearing completion, and continued economic uncertainty, pundits are calling for 2024 to be a year challenged to post growth with a better picture emerging for 2025 – once recent funding announcements make their impact on the industry.

18

11

Top 10 trends for 2024 CCA president Mary Van Buren shares what to watch for over the next 12 months.

IN THIS ISSUE Comment 6

22

Canada’s is a construction economy.

7

News The major developments.

10

Construction Stats The key figures.

22

Small but mighty The latest generation of compact machines.

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42

Adopting construction technology No longer a question of ‘if’.

COLUMNS 30 Technology COVER PHOTO: © SCOTT HEANEY / ADOBE STOCK

Software for jobsite safety.

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46

Contractors and the Law Accidents and incidents

45 Index of Advertisers

Risk Applications for AI in construction.

CONCRETE ON-SITE 33

Good vibrations

Aiming for the sweet spot when vibrating concrete.

36

CCE set for February Canadian Concrete Expo returns to the GTA this February.

38

40

42

The tools to use in the concrete industry.

The 50th World of Concrete show takes in Las Vegas in January.

Fitting the bit to the job.

Concrete Products

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Demolition

on-sitemag.com / 5

COMMENT

Canada’s is a construction economy

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There’s an old adage often credited to Napoleon that says, “An army marches on its stomach.” With this being our construction forecast edition, I’d like to twist that a bit and apply it to our current state to say that not only is a nation’s economy reliant on its infrastructure, but that Canada’s economy is reliant on its construction sector. Construction is feeding Canada’s stomach.

While the construction sector was just the fifth-highest contributor to Canada’s GDP in 2022, its influence is much more significant. Construction is an economic backbone – the base of the tower, that our many other sectors rely upon.

For example, other key GDP contributing segments, such as manufacturing and real estate, are reliant on the buildings and facilities built by the construction industry. From the water systems, hospitals, roads and schools necessary for a community to exist, to the plants, warehouses, transport infrastructure needed by our core industries, without the construction sector, we would be a nation in decline with nowhere to create products, and no structures by which to get products to markets, domestically or abroad.

As with any economy, there will be highs and lows, but spending on construction has been a way for the nation to grow out of a recession in the past, and seeing the number of major projects underway and at planning stages could have future historians comparing this period to the focus on infrastructure seen between the ’40s and the ’60s.

While it may be debateable whether we’ve already hit a recession, few would debate that there has been a slowing of economic growth, and this is expected to reach into 2024. But with the nation’s population continuing to expand, and government spending to build new transit systems, hospitals, schools, highways and homes, there will be cash flowing through the system even if the dreaded R-word hits in the coming months.

There has not been this level of focus on renewal and building at the government level in a long time, and while some additional details and fine tuning are absolutely needed, the flow of government funds will help this sector keep the Canadian economy pushing forward, recession or not.

Construction feeds the economy, after all.

Until next time, stay safe and do good work.

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Canadian Construction Association

INDUSTRY NEWS

INDUSTRY>NEWS Upgrading the fan experience at Scotiabank Arena Ahead of this year’s NHL and NBA seasons, Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment (MLSE) provided media with a behind-the-scenes look at the first phase of its $350 million Scotiabank Arena Venue Reimagination project.

The updates to the 25-year-old arena, which are being built by PCL, will continue after the upcoming hockey and basketball seasons, aim to further enhance the best-inclass sports and entertainment destination that is home to the NHL’s Toronto Maple Leafs Hockey Club and the NBA’s Toronto Raptors Basketball Club.

“While the project began during the off season for the Toronto Maple Leafs and the Toronto Raptors, PCL was required to deploy an intricate construction schedule demonstrating how they would work around the venue’s jam-packed event calendar and deliver the project on time,” stated Jon Ridge, senior superintendent at PCL. “With focus on minimizing any disruptions to the arena’s active operations, construction activities were strategically scheduled around every event.”

This included adjusting shifts around things like sound checks for concerts, creative use of tarping and curtains, and coordinating just-in-time deliveries.

Once complete, the comprehensive

multi-phase renovations will feature capital improvements to almost all areas within the venue including concourses, suites, premium clubs, retail spaces, food and beverage offerings, state-of-the-art technological innovations, and more.

This past summer’s renovations included a remodel to the venue’s 200-Level Mastercard Executive Suites to modernize the units and improve sightlines, along with state-of-the-art technology upgrades in the concourses, and the creation of a members-only shared Mastercard Lounge.

Next off-season will bring a remodel of the 100 Level concourse and updates to the Hot Stove restaurant.

Following the conclusion of the 202324 Maple Leafs and Raptors seasons, the design makeover of the 100-Level concourse will begin as MLSE updates the concourse with screens, beacons and hubs that will transform to fit the look, feel and energy of the event within it.

“Beginning with the momentum from

the renovations made this past summer, we look forward to unveiling to fans the best-in-class design, technology and overall atmosphere enhancements over the course of this multi-phased project that take our fans’ sports and entertainment experience to even greater heights,” said Nick Eaves, chief venues & operations officer with MLSE. “From bringing the original vision for Scotiabank Arena to life in 1999, to completing latest renovations this past summer, PCL is honored to have played a role in Scotiabank Arena’s legacy for nearly 25 years,” said Marc Pascoli, senior vice-president and district manager at PCL Construction.

The Scotiabank Arena Venue Reimagination project is being completed in collaboration with Brisbin, Brook, Beynon Architects, DesignAgency, owner’s representative firm CAA ICON, and PCL Construction. Brisbin, Brook, Beynon Architects and PCL Construction originally led the design and construction of the facility.

Van Buren shares CCA departure plans

Mary Van Buren

After six successful years as president of the Canadian Construction Association (CCA), Mary Van Buren has announced that she will be leaving the association in the spring of 2024.

The first female president in the association’s history, Van Buren has guided CCA into a new era that is digital first and

inclusive, said the organization as it announced her pending departure. That modernization allowed CCA to navigate the COVID-19 pandemic, while advocating on behalf of the industry and continuing to deliver member value in the face of a global crisis.

Along with tackling digital innovation, like its digital contract service, which will roll out in early 2024, she also managed to review the CCA’s governance model during her tenure, leading Continued on page 8 on-sitemag.com / 7

INDUSTRY NEWS Continued from page 7

Six projects have been awarded 2023 National Awards for Innovation and Excellence in Public-Private Partnerships. Presented by the Canadian Council for Public-Private Partnerships (CCPPP), the winning project teams were announced during the P3 National Representatives from the Nova Scotia Awards Gala Luncheon, Department of Public Works and Dexter held on November 14 Nova Alliance GP, winners in the P3 Design during the organization’s & Construction category. annual P3 conference.

This year’s winning projects included The Ontario Line, which won a gold and silver in the P3 Transaction category for its rolling stock, system, operation and maintenance contract (gold) and its South civil, stations and tunnel contract (silver); Nova Scotia’s Highway 104 Sutherlands River to Antigonish twinning project (gold) in the P3 Design & Construction category; and the Gordie Howe International Bridge (gold), Forensic Services and Coroners Complex (silver), and Library and Archives Canada’s Gatineau 2 project (silver) in the Environmental, Social and Governance category.

PHOTO COURTESY OF CCPPP

Six winners in national P3 awards

a restructuring that allowed the association to be more nimble in addressing member issues. Working closely with the board of directors as well as the Governance and Nominating Committee, Van Buren’s commitment resulted in a Governance Award from the Governance Professionals of Canada in 2023.

Perhaps one of her premier qualities has been her unwavering commitment to engagement. Through steadfast dedication to collaboration, Van Buren worked to strengthen the relationship with CCA’s 62 partner associations and develop new strategic partnerships to elevate the profile of the association, as well as the national construction industry, in general.

“The construction industry is essential to Canada’s economic success and quality of life, yet it doesn’t always get the credit it deserves,” she stated. “I am so proud to have brought more attention to an industry that has such a profound impact on our country and affects positive change in our communities every day.”

“The Board of Directors sincerely thanks Mary for her stewardship of the association over the last few years,” said CCA chair Brendan Nobes. “Through her commitment to advancing member issues, she has raised the industry’s profile, and her legacy of leadership will be long lasting.”

A search process is underway with a goal of a smooth transition and continuing the positive momentum gained under Van Buren’s leadership.

23_009154_Onsite_DEC_CN Mod: November 7, 2023 9:24 AM Print: 11/13/23 1:55:00 PM page 1 v7

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CONSTRUCTION STATS A selection of data reflecting trends in the Canadian construction industry Investment in non-residential construction, September 2023 (in $Millions)

CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT STRONG IN SEPTEMBER A 0.2 per cent dip in the commercial segment was the only slip to be found as investment in building construction increased 5.3 per cent across Canada in September. The $18.9 billion posted resulted from a 7.3 per cent jump in residential spending, which came in at $12.9 billion, and a 1.2 per cent increase in the non-residential sector, which reached $6.0 billion.

Institutional investment was the key driver in the non-residential sector, rising 4.3 per cent to $1.5 billion. Industrial construction investment increased 1.2 per cent to $1.2 billion for the month. The commercial segment slipped marginally to $3.2 billion.

Despite the September growth, investment in building construction fell 2.8 per cent to $54.7 billion in the third quarter, the fourth consecutive quarterly decrease. Much of the Q3 loss can be attributed to the residential sector, which was down 4.4 per cent. The non-residential sector finished the quarter up by a half-per cent, reaching $17.9 billion.

Canada $6,023.7 Newfoundland and Labrador $27.4 Prince Edward Island $16.9 Nova Scotia $83.9 New Brunswick $74.5 Quebec $1,309.4 Ontario $2,556.7 Manitoba $178.4 Saskatchewan $121.4 Alberta $703.5 British Columbia $919.8 Yukon $18.7 Northwest Territories $9.4 Nunavut $3.7 TABLE: STATISTICS CANADA

CONSTRUCTION EMPLOYMENT REBOUNDS Construction employment rebounded in October, increasing by 23,000 and more than offsetting September’s drop of 18,000 workers, reports Statistics Canada in its Labour Force Survey. Despite the increase, employment in the industry was little changed from October of 2022, and down by 32,000 from the record high reached in January 2023. Overall, across all industries, Canadian employment was relatively flat in October, rising just one-tenth of a per cent and adding 18,000 positions over the September figures. Both full-time and part-time employment have held steady since September. Canada’s unemployment rate increased 0.2 percentage points in October, rising to 5.7 per cent.

Total Employment in Canada

20,287,600 Unemployment Rate

5.7% Construction Employment

1,579,300 10 / DECEMBER 2023

RESIDENTIAL

Multi-Family

+4.3%

INDUSTRIAL

+8.0%

+9.9% COMMERCIAL

-3.4%

INSTITUTIONAL

-50.7%

INSTITUTIONAL PERMITS DRAG VALUES DOWN A 50 per cent drop in institutional permits brought the total monthly value of building permits in Canada down by 6.5 per cent in September, reports Statistics Canada. Multi-family dwelling and industrial were the only segments to show growth as permit values dipped to $11.2 billion.

Despite recent headwinds, the total monthly value of residential permits had a good September, rising 4.3 per cent to hit $7.2 billion. Leading the charge was a 37.2 per cent monthly increase in construction intentions in British Columbia. Across Canada, 21,700 new dwelling units were authorized through building permits in September, 5.6 per cent more than August 2023 and 2.3 per cent more than September of 2022.

The news was not as rosy on the non-residential side. Although values remained significantly ahead of September 2022, the total monthly value of non-residential permits fell 21 per cent from August to $4 billion this past September. This drop was mainly attributed to the decline in construction intentions for the institutional component, which fell by 50.7 per cent to settle at $1.0 billion. That component posted a record high of $2.1 billion in August when permits issued were issued for several high valued construction projects.

A TRANSITIONAL YEAR? PG. 14

REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES PG. 16

TRENDS TO WATCH PG. 18

PHOTO: © ELENATHEWISE / ADOBE STOCK

2024 FORECAST

TEMPORARY DELAYS EXPECTED

2024 FORECAST

Looking Ahead

P

rocore is proud again this year to sponsor On-Site Magazine’s Canadian Construction Forecast. The past year has been dotted with challenges ranging from the labour shortage to economic volatility. However, the construction industry is no stranger to challenge, and despite these headwinds, we see companies and individuals continue to innovate. As such, there has never been a better time to embrace digital transformation.

In a recent survey among Canadian construction leaders, respondents said that they are turning to data to drive better business decisions, and tech to help with everything from operational efficiencies, to cost controls and project performance. Looking for solutions that make data and information easily accessible is not surprising, as respondents to the survey said that 17 per cent of time on a typical project is spent looking for data and information.

While construction technology continues to push forward at break-neck speed, digital transformation is an evolving journey. Successful transformation is methodical and strategic – applying the right technology, platform, or solution to meet your needs today and in the future. We know that ongoing innovation is required to keep pace with increasing complexity, business demands and economic instability.

Regardless of where you may be on your journey toward digital transformation, Procore is your partner, helping you to connect all stakeholders on a single platform with access to relevant data and insights to drive profitability, business operations, and reduced risk.

The Canadian Construction Forecast provides an opportunity to better understand the state of our industry, and build enduring processes, investments, and businesses as a result.

As we move into the next year, there will be challenges, but there will also be opportunities.

Let’s work together to move this incredible industry into the future.

Sincerely,

Nolan Frazier Regional Director, Canada Procore

on-sitemag.com / 13

2024 FORECAST

TRYING TO HOLD

STEADY

Companies in most segments are busy at the moment, but 2024 could see the pace dip prior to a re-energized 2025.

G

overnment spend on construction projects is happening almost everywhere in the country right now, and more is on its way, but the question remains whether pending private and publicly funded projects will happen soon enough to avoid an overall slowdown in Canada’s construction economy in 2024.

“If you look at all of the programs that are under construction, being developed, and are being proposed over the next five to 10 years, the level of investment is beyond anything I’ve seen here in the last 35 years,” said Gerard McCabe, managing director, Canada, at Turner and Townsend during a recent conversation with On-Site.

“I think the proverbial message right now is that people are busy,” said Chris Atchison, president of the B.C. Construction Association (BCCA). “They’re pleased that

14 / DECEMBER 2023

they there is there’s lots of work, and work for the foreseeable future, but based on what we know about proposed construction and the trends we’ve been seeing for the past couple of years, there is a flattening and concern about a slowdown in 2024.”

Rick Moffat, partner and head of operations at HKA Canada, is also seeing a slowdown developing, but acknowledges that there is activity expected again around the corner, especially in certain pockets of the construction industry.

“As we close out 2023 and look forward to 2024, HKA has seen the construction market remain steady for ongoing projects but has seen fewer new construction project starts as compared to previous years. With several large energy and industrial jobs wrapping up this year, there is a decrease in overall volume heading into 2024,” he

explained. “We do see continued strength in infrastructure investment across Canada, with several mega-projects currently in the design or pre-tender stages. We anticipate that 2024 will include further development of future energy and industrial projects.”

Canada’s level of construction activity does have machinery moving, which puts the country’s construction sector in a more robust spot than many other jurisdictions, says David Orlan, country manager for Machinio in Canada.

“Looking at data from Machinio Members across Canada and around the world, we see that Canada has held stronger in the amount of inventory trading across multiple sectors relative to other markets in North America and Europe.”

Of course, sometimes numbers can mask underlying issues.

PHOTO: KNAPJAMES / ISTOCK / GETTY IMAGES PLUS /GETTY IMAGES

BY ADAM FREILL

“The demand for construction remains high. But government investment in construction projects is obscuring the real situation,” stated Atchison, who explained that institutional and government construction are the core growth segments in non-residential construction. “The overall investment in the industrial, commercial and institutional construction sectors has essentially been flat through the first half of this year, and it still remains at about 10 per cent below its pre-pandemic levels.”

Investment in infrastructure is making up for lost time, and helping Canada navigate population growth, however.

“I think there’s a lot of catch-up to do on the infrastructure side to accommodate this rapidly growing population that we’re seeing,” said Rachel Battaglia, an economist with RBC. “Investing in infrastructure was a

major theme in a number of the provincial budgets this year.”

That investment is going to be necessary as Canada’s population continues to grow, explained Nolan Frazier, regional director for Canada with Procore.

“There should be a baseline of core infrastructure that is going to have to be built or rebuilt,” he said. “In 2022, the Canadian population grew by 2.7 per cent…

According to Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC), 3.5 million additional housing units will be needed to restore affordability by 2030. And all this won’t be possible without core infrastructure like hospitals, roads, and schools. These are the building blocks of the community.”

Rising mortgage rates and heightened inflation have created an unusual combination of a growing population facing a housing shortage, rising home prices and slowing starts figures. Demand exists and is rising, but shovels are not breaking ground quickly.

“There’s obviously lots of demand for residential, but there are clear challenges on the financing side, with rates being where they are,” said Battaglia.

That said, Canada is a country of regions, and not all follow the same path on the same timeline.

“We’re definitely seeing a slowdown in new residential, but I think it depends on the market you’re in,” stated McCabe, explaining that Calgary’s residential demand has developers looking at converting empty commercial space into condominium housing. “That wouldn’t be happening in Toronto right now, because it’s a different market.”

Hoping to spur the residential sector into action, and to add to Canada’s stock of available housing, federal and provincial governments have rolled out tax exemptions on purpose-built rental housing.

“That particular effort is welcome news and will likely stimulate more purpose-built rental projects, but that’ll hardly be the silver bullet for a housing crisis,” stated Battaglia. “The biggest issue is houses don’t get built overnight.”

Just as regional differences exist for projects, demand and backlog enhancement for 2024 will likely vary by segment as

well. Office space is still in a lull, but other segments, including retail, are showing some resilience. Data centres, projects related to electric vehicles, and power generation have a lot of wind in their sails, however, and are viewed as growth opportunities.

“We’re going to have to start investing in power network upgrades to support EVs and data centres,” advised McCabe.

“There’s also carbon capture, and the other big thing that’s really heating up, not only in Canada, but globally, is this whole discussion around hydrogen,” said Eric Peissel, global director for transport and infrastructure at WSP. There are also opportunities within the existing building stock.

“In the office sector, new build is not out there, but with the energy transition, we’re actually seeing a lot of demand for bringing buildings up to up to up to modern standards and being green,” stated Peissel.

Different companies will have different strategies as the 2024 slowdown hits.

“One of the interesting points in our recent stat pack was the value of proposed construction projects in B.C. We are anticipating in the neighborhood of $174 billion,” said BCCA’s Atchison. “That seems like a staggering amount, but for the past five years that proposed construction project inventory has been north of $200 or $220 billion. So, almost $50 billion has removed itself.”

McCabe’s advice is to, “Fill your book early.” Even for contractors who are busy at the moment, he says lining up future work now could prevent heightened competition for projects if a slowdown is pronounced.

Also beneficial during a downturn, prolonged or not, is to seek out efficiencies.

“The situation is fluid, and largely outside of companies’ control. It remains important to look for efficiencies and to make sure everyone working on a project has timely access to materials information and other data,” advised Frazier.

“I think productivity enhancements are always a plus,” added Battaglia. “If you can change the way that you build to be more efficient, to me, that is that is the way forward.”

on-sitemag.com / 15

2024 FORECAST

Construction on deck in all regions BRITISH COLUMBIA With current construction projects valued at roughly $157 billion, and some $174 billion in proposed projects, as reported in the BCCA’s Fall Stat Pack, most contractors are busy, although many of the projects listed in Infrastructure B.C.’s most recent major infrastructure projects brochure, including the Burnaby Hospital Phase 2 and BC Cancer Centre, won’t start actual construction until 2025. Key B.C. projects include Roberts Bank Terminal 2, the Highway 1 – 264th Street Interchange Project, and the $4.15-billion Fraser River Tunnel Project.

ALBERTA Construction of the West Calgary Ring Road is expected to wrap up in 2024, as is the BMO Centre Expansion. Projects getting underway this year will include the West Runway Rehabilitation Project at the Calgary airport, and a new $800-million home arena for the Calgary Flames. The $9-billion high-speed rail line between Edmonton and Calgary is still in the proposed stage, as is Heidelberg Materials’ $1.4-billion Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage hub.

Construction is underway on a new light rail transit vehicle garage and two stations.

SASKATCHEWAN Saskatchewan’s Major Capital Action Plan includes key infrastructure investments

16 / DECEMBER 2023

in the health, education and government services sectors. Key projects include a new $100-million 35-bed Weyburn General Hospital, the $100-million La Ronge Long Term Care Centre, the $45.9-million St. Frances Cree Bilingual School in Saskatoon, and a new Regina Urgent Care Centre.

Volkswagen Group is building its first North American EV battery cell gigafactory in St. Thomas. In Toronto, major projects include the Ontario Line subway, Ontario Place’s revitalization plan, major renovations at Rogers Centre and Scotiabank Arena, and the Go rail network is expanding.

MANITOBA

QUEBEC

As of press time, True North Real Estate Development had yet to decide on a $550-million proposal to redevelop downtown Winnipeg’s Portage Place mall. If that proceeds, the city will see two new towers in the coming years. Underway is a $34-million rehab of the Rivers Dam located on Lake Wahtopanah and plans to build nine new schools are being reviewed.

The Provice of Quebec increased its allocation to the Quebec Infrastructure Plan (QIP) 2023-2033 to $150 billion, an increase of $7.5 billion from last year’s rolling 10-year plan. A little over $80 billion of that planned investment is allocated to infrastructure maintenance. Expansion of Montreal’s Réseau Express Métropolitain continues, and back in the news is a possible transportation tunnel linking Quebec City and Lévis.

The expansion of the Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital appears to be moving forward, and the l’Île-aux-Tourtes Bridge is in need of replacement.

ONTARIO Ontario is flush with notable projects that will have construction firms busy for years to come. The Windsor area has a $4-billion EV battery plant in the works and the $6-billion Gordie Howe Bridge. Looking north, Bruce Power is exploring the adding 4.8 gigawatts of capacity to its plant, which would make it the largest nuclear plant in the world. Infrastructure Ontario currently has 29 projects in active construction, 15 it is procuring, and another 15 slated to begin procurement next year. Construction is underway on the South Niagara Hospital project and

ATLANTIC CANADA Energy is likely to create a number of new construction projects on Canada’s East Coast. Wind projects are in the works, and a recent application for a new $1.4-billion transmission line linking Nova Scotia and New Brunswick could see work start as early as next year. Highways are also attracting spend throughout the region.

PHOTO: RAWF8 / ISTOCK / GETTY IMAGES PLUS / GETTY IMAGES

While some projects are wrapping up, new projects are coming into view in all regions of Canada.

We’re finding low-carbon energy in unlikely places Like biogas captured from wastewater to create Renewable Natural Gas1 (RNG). It’s a low-carbon energy2 that can be used in homes and businesses across the province—and we’re adding more to our supply every year.

Our natural gas delivery system can provide RNG to buildings and developments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This means buildings can meet strict emissions guidelines without expensive upgrades or retrofits.

Find out more about RNG at fortisbc.com/rngbuild.

Connect with us @fortisbc

1 Renewable Natural Gas is produced in a different manner than conventional natural gas. It’s derived from biogas, which is produced from decomposing organic waste from landfills, agricultural waste and wastewater from treatment facilities. The biogas is captured and cleaned to create Renewable Natural Gas (also called biomethane). 2When compared to the lifecycle carbon intensity of conventional natural gas. The burner tip carbon intensity of FortisBC’s current RNG portfolio is 0.29 gCO2e/MJ. FortisBC’s current RNG portfolio lifecycle emissions are negative 22 gCO2e/MJ. This is below B.C.’s low carbon threshold for lifecycle carbon intensity of 36.4 gCO2e/MJ as set out in the 2021 B.C. Hydrogen Strategy.

FortisBC uses the FortisBC name and logo under license from Fortis Inc. (23-026.20 04/2023) 23-026.20-RNG_Paid_PrintAd_ConstructBusiness-PP7.indd 1

5/17/2023 12:02:52 PM

2024 FORECAST

TOP 10 CANADIAN

CONSTRUCTION TRENDS TO WATCH IN 2024

BY MARY VAN BUREN

A

s we continue to navigate one of the more tumultuous economic periods in Canada’s history, both within the construction sector and in general life, the end of the year is a good time to take stock and reflect on some of the trends, needs, and developments that are likely to influence the next year of our lives.

Here are some of the trends that we have been watching at the Canadian Construction Association (CCA), which we think could have a significant impact on where 2024 takes the industry.

1.

BREAKTHROUGH OF WOMEN.

The industry’s focus to include more women and other underrepresented groups to join the construction workforce is paying off. With the industry committed to providing properly fitting PPE, training and education, making improvements to on-site sanitary conditions, creating inclusive workplace cultures, and the increased use of modular construction, barriers are reducing.

Female construction employment

18 / DECEMBER 2023

made important gains in September 2023 (+7,800 workers; +3.9%), according to Statistics Canada’s Labour Force Survey, bringing the female construction workforce to an all-time-high of 206,000 workers.

The trades are also getting a boost – 47 per cent of first-year apprentices applying to be part of the Canadian Apprenticeship Service program were from equity-deserving groups.

These are fantastic gains, and the industry is keen to keep up the momentum. With a need for tens of thousands of additional workers and promoting diversity and inclusion, more women, new Canadians, and other underrepresented groups will put construction on their career radar.

2.

GOVERNMENTS RECOGNIZE NEED IS FOR HOUSING, PLUS…

Building an incremental 3.5 million units of affordable housing is a challenge unto itself! Now add in the investment and workforce required to connect that housing to clean water and sewage, the electrical grid, upgrade transportation, expand clinics,

hospitals, and schools…and other essential infrastructure to support communities.

A successful housing strategy will include funding that goes beyond the number of units needed to accommodate our growing population and the workforce we need. It will also support and align with our municipalities who carry the brunt of investment and maintenance. The positive economic impact of construction is clear, and governments recognize the industry is foundational to building a stronger Canada.

3.

SECURE DIGITAL CONTRACTING LEAPS FORWARD.

4.

GENERATIVE AI IS FOR CONSTRUCTION TOO!

Canadian Construction Documents Committee (CCDC) and Canadian Construction Association (CCA) guides and documents are consensus documents valued by the industry because they are developed by the industry, for the industry. With CCA’s new digital contract purchasing and management platform launching in 2024, they will be even easier to use, leading to wider adoption.

Not just a cool tool for other industries; leading firms will move beyond experimentation to including generative AI tools like ChatGPT and GPT-4 in their

PHOTO: LEONTURA / DIGITALVISION VECTORS /GETTY IMAGES

What are some of the continuing and emerging themes to watch for in the coming 12 months?

Canadian Construction Association president Mary Van Buren shares some of the items on her radar.

for the industry to comply like Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs), and updating the building code will help move the needle.

8.

WE GET SERIOUS ABOUT ELECTRIFICATION.

9.

IMMIGRATION STARTS FLOWING, BUT PAYOFF IS STILL A FEW YEARS OFF.

With the federal government’s planned release of the Canada Build Green Strategy in early 2024, it will need to get serious about a national electrification strategy, working closely with all orders of government and Indigenous communities.

Not only is the level of investment staggering, but we will also need a trained and available workforce.

processes. Complementing a stretched project management and administrative workforce, some immediate applications include drafting RFIs, sifting through reports for common themes, or drafting reports. While ChatGPT and other generative AI tools may help with real-time analysis of construction data and simplified communication, there are limitations and risks to its use. Companies will create policies and processes to mitigate these risks while harnessing the benefits.

5.

WINDS OF POLITICAL CHANGE: WILL THEY WORK FOR OR AGAINST CONSTRUCTION?

A federal long-term infrastructure strategy that addresses Canada’s aging infrastructure, invests in the economic growth potential of trade-enabling infrastructure, and plans for housing-enabling infrastructure that aligns with provincial, municipal and Indigenous communities is long overdue.

With a possible change in the federal government on the horizon, the industry will seize the opportunity and responsibility to bring more attention to this urgent issue; focusing on the benefits of job creation, a green economy, and affordable housing – themes important to Canadians.

With the workforce shortage, high financing costs and large number of projects to advance Canada’s economy in the pipeline, owners, contractors and labour will have an incentive to work collaboratively. This will ensure we keep our labour force employed, reduce risks, drive innovation and deliver the essential projects Canada needs to remain a competitive country, and great place to live and work.

The federal government has taken some positive steps, but overall has not acted quickly enough to secure the necessary construction and related workforce. Immigration is still weighted to higher education.

Accelerating approvals for applicants with skills in high-demand construction jobs, including labourers for our civil sector and skilled tradespeople, is necessary for Canada’s future growth. Working closely with provincial and territorial governments will also help align workers to varying needs across the country and fill gaps.

7.

10.

6.

COLLABORATIVE CONTRACTING TAKES ROOT.

BUILDING GREEN ENTERS INTO THE EARLY STAGES OF “BUSINESS AS USUAL.”

No longer an idea on the horizon, contractors have been gaining experience and expertise over the last few years to build more sustainably. No longer is it unusual or notable when a project incorporates an environmental aspect into the plans. Green is an expectation; notable are the projects, companies and industry sectors that are continually setting the bar ever higher (or lower, if you are assessing based on carbon, greenhouse gases, and energy use).

Manufacturers like the cement producers have committed to ambitious carbon reduction targets, and others are also reducing their emissions. The role of governments in providing incentives, tools to make it easier

FOCUS ON APPRENTICESHIP SHIFTS TO RETENTION AND PROGRESSION THROUGH TO JOURNEYPERSONS. The collaboration between industry, government and labour is resulting in increased applications for the Red Seal trades. This is great news. While we need to maintain this flow of talent into apprenticeships, we must pay equal attention to incenting apprentices to not only stay in the industry, but also to progress to journeypersons.

Retirements will impact our industry’s ability to mentor and supervise apprentices if we don’t have enough journeypersons to work effectively on projects while training apprentices. Finding good people, keeping good people, and providing these professionals with a pathway to growth is good business and great for the industry’s future. on-sitemag.com / 19

SPONSORED CONTENT

On-Site: Pomerleau’s Predictions for 2024 2023 WAS AN IMPACTFUL YEAR FOR POMERLEAU, one of Canada’s largest construction companies. The company witnessed immense growth within the organization and in the sizes of projects it pursues.

To prepare for industry changes in the coming years, Pomerleau is remaining agile. Sean Boyer, Vice-President of Preconstruction gives some insight into the next year and how Pomerleau is preparing for it.

How will the labor shortage in the construction industry be addressed in 2024?

This year, construction costs have been stabilising across the country in the residential and non-residential sectors however, labor shortages will continue to be a struggle and might impact future construction costs if further changes are not implemented in the industry. Focusing on innovative solutions such as prefabrication, robotics and exoskeletons, to help construction trades by reducing accidents risks, improving productivity and construction conditions, are solutions we are also activating to mitigate the effects of the labour shortage.

What new building materials and techniques are expected to gain prominence in the construction industry in 2024, and how will they impact project costs and timelines?

In 2024, we will see more off-site prefabrication and modular construction. As a result of some of the recent sales tax breaks announced by different governments, turning towards more cost-efficient construction methods such as off-site construction and modular buildings, could be one of the ways to help accelerate construction. The development of stronger and lighter materials will help with the transportation and installation of prefabricated components.

How will the demand for sustainable and energy-efficient buildings impact the design and construction of structures in 2024, and what incentives or standards are driving this shift?

With the rising cost of energy and climate changes, we are seeing more clients seeking energy efficient infrastructure. The industry is shifting and placing an emphasis on not only construction costs but operating costs. By investing in certifications like Passive House and LEED, and creating increased environmental quality during the preconstruction phase, clients are benefiting from all aspects of the project and the environment is better protected. The University of Toronto’s Scarborough Student Residence is an example of how an investment in the Passive House certification can harbour successful results, as the residence is predicted to be one of the most eco-efficient buildings in the country.

With the rise of offsite construction and modular building, how will traditional construction processes evolve in 2024, and what are the implications for project management and timelines?

Pomerleau is integrating prefabrication into some of its projects to increase site productivity and site safety. Prefabrication limits the number of employees working simultaneously on-site, preventing accidents. The impact right now is more significant on construction schedules and safety than on costs. This will change when prefabrication becomes a more standardized and democratized approach in the industry. So far, the company has seen great success with these projects.

What emerging global trends and market forces are expected to influence the construction industry in 2024, and how is Pomerleau preparing for these changes?

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is probably one of the biggest buzz words right now in the industry. For Pomerleau, the integration of AI in our business is based on a human centric approach. We have been developing a couple of tools with our Research and Development team that harness the power of AI for clerical repetitive tasks and help our teams focus on value-added tasks, such as analysis and decision-making. The team is developing key research on AI to explore potential solutions to industry-related challenges and is getting inspired by other technology leaders across the world.

EQUIPMENT

SMALL BUT

MIGHTY Latest generation of compact machines boast new features.

S

everal OEMs have recently released new compact wheel loaders, track loaders and excavators, and many others are updating their existing mini and small-sized equipment. One manufacturer has also developed an online tool to help clients configure compact equipment orders. Needless to say, this is a hot sector of the equipment market.

22 / DECEMBER 2023

Trend-wise, high-tech features, some of which originally appeared on larger equipment, continue to abound. In general, these solutions are designed to enhance visibility, safety, and/or efficiency.

“It’s been around for a while, but automation is coming more to the forefront.

Not just us, but other companies, you see them trying to integrate grade control with

their machine,” notes Jonathan Gardner, product manager, construction equipment at Kubota Canada.

“Safety seems to be more at the forefront. Backup cameras are becoming standard,” he continues. “With safety you think about physical stuff, but you see companies trying to lower the decibel reading in the cab as well because hearing is safety too.”

PHOTO: COURTESY OF CATERPILLAR

BY NATE HENDLEY

John Deere In May 2023, John Deere transformed its 244L, 324L, and 344L compact wheel loaders into 244, 324, and 344 Performance-tier models.

“A lot of what existed with our L-series compact loaders basically went into the P-Tier loaders,” explains Gribble. “We added standard features in base like ride control, and we added some options like the auto-reversing fan, and we kept a lot of the performance-enhancing features like Articulation Plus and the very comfortable cab.”

Articulation Plus, says Gribble, is a feature that he says is exclusively on John Deere compact loaders. It is designed to facilitate rear-wheel steering by adding another 10 degrees of rear-wheel steering capability to the steering system’s standard 30 degrees of articulation, making the machine more maneuverable.

An optional auto-reversing fan that can be activated from the cab, is handy for clearing the air when working on dusty or debris-heavy worksites. Ride control, long an option on compact loaders to smooth out travel when moving material on hard

surfaces, is now standard on P-Tier CTLs. Ride control is a “great tool” that improves operator comfort while making it easier to keep material in the bucket during travel over rough terrain, says Gribble.

A JDLink Modem connects machines to the John Deere Operations Center, letting operators track performance hours, fuel burn, location, and other metrics. JDLink was previously only an option on compact track loaders and skid steers. This solution proved so popular, however, John Deere decided to make it a standard feature on new models going forward, says Gribble.

Kubota Kubota’s SVL75-3 compact track loader, which was released in December 2022, represents a “complete redesign, from chassis to interior,” says Gardner. “We brought in a lot of updates [like] auto downshift, a very popular feature in excavators. However, compact track loaders never had that feature.”

Auto downshift is designed to address a specific challenge. When traveling in second gear, a compact track loader might not have

PHOTO COURTESY OF JOHN DEERE

Darren Ashton, product manager for compact with Volvo Construction Equipment, points to the growing emphasis on telematics and guidance systems in compact equipment.

“It’s the sort of new technology that helps get better efficiency out of the machines,” he says. “The other thing I see a lot of manufacturers working on is reduced maintenance.”

Luke Gribble, solutions marketing manager at John Deere, cites “safety and operational awareness” as ongoing trends.

He said that his company will be adding a surround-view camera and vision system to its new P-tier compact wheel loaders.

“It’s going to be very representative of a bird’s eye view. An operator will be able to see not only in front of them but on both sides of the machine and the rear of the machine. To give them more confidence when they’re operating on the site. It allows them to see other obstacles, machines, and people on a site,” states Gribble.

With these trends and features in mind, here’s a look at what’s new and/or noteworthy in compact equipment.

on-sitemag.com / 23

PHOTO COURTESY OF KUBOTA

EQUIPMENT

sufficient torque to turn. The auto downshift system senses when an operator enters a turn and will “automatically downshift for you, so you can make your turn with maximum torque … This definitely improves efficiency,” explains Gardner.

Other high-tech features on the SVL75-3 include an Electronic Torque Management System and Intelligent Control

System. The Electronic Torque Management System monitors the machine load and controls output of the hydraulic pump. The System “basically protects the engine from stalling out when it feels a heavy load. All of our compact track loaders and skid steers have this,” states Gardner.

Using the Intelligent Control System, an operator can view machine vital signs

and maintenance schedules, and check visuals from a standard rear-view camera on a cab monitor. An optional KubotaNow telematics system tracks data and can help prevent theft by creating geofences while an optional reversing fan is ideal for dusty worksites.

The new SVL75-3 also offers a spacious interior, a 74.3 hp engine, a sealed pressurized cab where noise levels have been reduced from 80+ to 78 decibels, and a seven-inch colour multi-function LCD monitor.

The end-result of all these improvements is “more power, more productivity,” states Gardner.

He also points to the versatility of the SVL75-3. “Compact track loaders with attachments—you can do whatever you want. You can trench with it; you can dig with it; it’s a very common machine for grading,” says Gardner.

PHOTO COURTESY OF DEVELON

Develon

24 / DECEMBER 2023

Develon unveiled a prototype of its new DTL35 compact track loader at CONEXPO-CON/AGG in March of this year.

Scheduled to be released in 2024, the DTL35 offers standard electrohydraulic joystick controls, a best-in-class Develon 116 hp diesel engine for maximum performance, optional 360-degree All-Around View Monitoring (AVM) camera set-up and an object detection system. The compact

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EQUIPMENT

CTL is intended to complement Develon’s recently expanded mini-excavator line.

“We will provide the rear-view camera as a standard piece,” says Jacob Sherman, Develon’s product marketing and dealer marketing manager. “Through the [optional] AVM display, you’ll be able to see completely around that machine to help avoid contact with individuals or workers, or anything when it comes to obstructions.”

He says the AVM solution enhances both safety and operator comfort. “If you’re trying to look around you and behind, it becomes labour intensive. Get an AVM and a display, and you will get that visibility.” he explains.

CTLs often work in cramped quarters so excellent visibility is a must, he continues.

The camera system is augmented by object detection which alerts operators if the machine is nearing an obstacle or a person.

Like other CTLs, the DTL35 offers a light touch, creating minimal ground disturbance when the machine is in use.

The DTL35 can also be fitted with multiple attachments for a wide variety of applications, which is why Sherman describes it as “the Swiss Army knife of our portfolio.”

Caterpillar In October of 2023, Caterpillar released the all-new, next-generation Cat 255 and

26 / DECEMBER 2023

265 compact track loaders, both of which feature a ground-up redesign.

The Cat 255 and 265 are powered by a 74.3 hp engine and feature bigger cabs, lower engine mounting for improved visibility, easy entry and exit, stiffer undercarriage for greater stability and reduced pitching when the bucket is being filled with material, standard five-inch (127 mm) LCD monitor or eight-inch (203 mm) advanced touch-screen monitor, depending which technology package the customer choses.

Both CTLs are capable of using Cat Smart Attachments, including grader and dozer blades and backhoe, says Scott Britton, global attachments marketing manager for Caterpillar. Cat has been on a mission to expand the use of its smart technology in general. Earlier this year, the company introduced an external control kit that enables more existing Cat CTLs to be kitted out with smart grader blade capability.

“We have a smart backhoe. We have a smart grader blade—which is by far our most popular one. It’s very intuitive. And we have a smart dozer blade. We’ve got smart technology for our cold planers and wheel saws as well,” says Britton.

A new 3D GPS/GNSS grade control for smart dozer blades helps CTL operators precisely grade slopes, contours, planes, and complex curves, while providing blade horizontal positioning and vertical height guidance.

Smart blades aren’t the only hightech tool Cat has embraced; last year the company introduced a series of next generation mini-excavators fitted with a Tilt Rotate System (TRS). The company’s TRS4, TRS8 and updated TRS6 models are equipped with a TRS system that allow attached work tools to rotate 360 degrees.

The tools can also tilt 40 degrees sideto-side for additional functionality, allowing the mini-excavators to reach more areas on a worksite from the same position while easily maneuvering tools past obstructions during excavation work, grading ditches or placing pipes.

With TRS “you can be much more efficient,” notes Britton.

Volvo Volvo Construction Equipment has released a new online tool designed to make it easier to configure purchases of electric compact excavators and wheel loaders.

Available via the Volvo CE website, the configurator tool, as the company calls it, provides consumers the ability to check out such options as cab versus canopy, and charger and attachment selections, on various models.

The tool is designed “to make [purchases] easier for people who don’t have experience” with compact electric machines, says Ashton. “I don’t foresee us

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PHOTO COURTESY OF VOLVO CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

EQUIPMENT

actually rolling out to the diesel equivalents unless the demand changes a bit,” he adds.

While its focus is currently on making it easier to purchase from its electric lineup, the company continues to emphasize safety features in all of its construction equipment. These include relatively

low-tech solutions such as orange seatbelts and green beacons, which flash when the operator is wearing an orange seatbelt. “If the foreman is walking around the site, they can tell if people are wearing it,” explains Ashton.

And expect to see be more “new” from Volvo on the way. Word is that next year,

the company will be releasing a 3.5-ton compact excavator, although details remain under wraps at present.

Nate Hendley is a freelance writer and author, and is a regular contributor to On-Site Magazine.

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2023-04-03 9:39 AM

MACHINE TECHNOLOGY

ADOPTING CONSTRUCTION

TECHNOLOGY

When it comes to working with technology and data, it is no longer a question of ‘if’ but when and how much.

BY STANTTON PALLISTER

O

ur ever-evolving world is driven by technology and data, so it might come as a bit surprising that not everyone has fully embraced these advancements. Even among those who have embraced technology, there’s still room for improvement to make the most of the powerful information at their disposal.

For technology to become more than an on-site tool for heavy equipment and machinery, the entire business needs to maximize the investment and use all the data and information. There are ways to facilitate digital transformation, so that more companies can harness the full potential and be more competitive.

PHOTO COURTESY OF FINNING AND SITECH WESTERN CANADA

BREAKING THE ADOPTION BARRIER Some long-time, multi-generational contractors have built successful businesses using proven methods. They understand their business and their machinery very well, and to them, technology can be seen as more of a challenge than a support.

While change can be uncomfortable, making the leap means opening the door to invaluable data and insights. When companies decide to accept technology, they eventually realize it’s not as difficult as it might seem—and the impacts are real.

When used effectively, technology can bring a 20 to 30 per cent improvement in efficiencies. Construction technology improves data collection, which then drives decision-making quality and agility,

highlights inefficiencies, and boosts productivity while reducing labour.

It bridges management between departments and that strengthens partnerships. It becomes part of your business strategy—a trusted advisor for your business.

APPEALING TO THE NEXT GENERATION Younger professionals entering the industry are also used to technology. It’s been a constant tool in their lives. In fact, they expect it. Even seasoned employees, rarely want to go back to traditional methods after a taste of technology, and for good reason.

It’s a competitive edge for realizing better margins, more accurate estimates, and proposals that drive more wins.

Complicated tenders see risk and runtime reductions. Technology aids in shortening construction schedules and reducing rework. The results are improved quality and sustainability.

MAXIMIZING THE OPPORTUNITIES Even when adopted, we are finding that many companies are only using about 40 per cent of gathered data. There is so much room for growth. The use of descriptive, predictive and prescriptive analytics holds the key to maximizing your return.

Descriptive analytics are used to track

what has already happened. How much earth was moved, how much fuel was consumed, etc. It’s a great starting point.

Once you start to accumulate descriptive data you can take the information to the next level, predictive analytics, where you can use technology to predict and plan for requirements for the site tomorrow, next week, or even next month. How much earth do you expect will be moved? Predictions are made based on what is known.

Building from that base, prescriptive analytics analyze options to show a company best choices when bidding, based on the data collected from past work.

As construction technology advances, so do the data analytic possibilities. It’s exciting to see companies evolve and grow while improving efficiencies, transparencies, and social benefits within a community.

Stantton Pallister is the sales and operations manager with SITECH Western Canada. on-sitemag.com / 29

TECHNOLOGY

By Jacob Stoller

Software for jobsite safety Keeping workers safe on a consistent basis requires constant vigilance from workers and management. Technology can help, but applying it is not as easy as it looks.

30 / DECEMBER 2023

work of safety, but the world we live in is trying to find a happy balance between the two.”

Lengieza, who worked as a safety manager prior to joining Procore, has found that a good way to maintain that balance is to frequently cite workers for doing the right thing.

“We don’t always want to be here telling you that you’re doing it wrong,” says Lengieza. “We also want to acknowledge that you’re doing it right more times than you’re doing it wrong.”

The Procore safety module, Lengieza explains, can be used to record positive observations as well as negative ones.

“I could see somebody on a ladder doing all the right things – standing on a ladder correctly, and wearing gloves, safety glasses, and a hardhat, so I’d snap a picture and record that as an observation,” he says.

SEEING THE BIG PICTURE While construction apps are getting easier to use, creating a single platform that will work in every scenario is a challenge.

“We’re a very large organization,” says Sopka, “which means we’ve got all different kinds of projects – hospitals, factories, highrise buildings – and different geographic areas. People will find something that works really well for a particular project, but it’s difficult to come up with an enterprise solution.”

There are also, Sopka says, problems yet to be overcome. For example, PCL has found that there is still considerable resistance to using cell phone and tablet-based apps and wearable devices. On some large industrial projects, cell phones aren’t allowed for project confidentiality reasons. There are also data ownership and storage issues – some clients won’t allow their data to be stored offshore, which precludes some cloud solutions.

However these issues are resolved, technology will never be the complete answer to the safety issue. It just expands the toolkit to make it easier to gather and share safety-related information.

“Just buying a piece of software is not going to solve your problem,” says Lengieza. “Technology can be a great enabler, but it really does start with investing in a good safety culture in the company.”

Jacob Stoller is principal of StollerStrategies. Send comments to editor@on-sitemag.com.

PHOTO: © ELNUR / ADOBE STOCK

I

n spite of industry-wide campaigns to promote safety, construction remains one of the most dangerous professions. An estimated 40,000 Canadian workers are hurt every year on jobsites from falls alone.

A key hurdle is that construction sites, unlike factory environments, are in a constant state of flux, making it difficult to establish universal processes for ensuring worker safety. Consequently, safety depends on company-wide efforts to continuously observe and learn about safety threats and then ensure that defects are promptly corrected.

“I always tell people that safety is not one person’s job – everybody needs to be aware and thinking about it,” says Kris Lengieza, vice-president of global partnerships and alliances at Procore Technologies. “Everybody needs to be trying to prevent future incidents.”

Prevention requires continuous collection of data to stay on top of near misses, hazards, and wrong behaviours that could lead to accidents. At a macro level, the industry is applying data science to find answers in the enormous amounts of data that construction firms collect.

“The construction industry is working with various universities, both in the U.S. and Canada, to try to identify the key data we need to focus on,” says Reg Sopka, regional health and safety manager at PCL Edmonton. “Where are the weak signals coming from that are going to lead to something catastrophic happening? Where are the red flags, and what can we ignore?”

Much of the work, however, happens at a local level, with inspectors looking for dangerous situations and trying to stay ahead of the curve. Technology can help streamline the process.

“Our safety management platform is built around an inspection module that can be used on a cell phone or tablet,” says Lengieza. “If the inspector sees an elevator shaft that’s not sealed off, they can record an observation and assign it directly to the crew that deals with that.”

The most important aspect of safety, however, isn’t fixing things but fixing attitudes. When workers see safety merely as a set of rules that they can get citations for breaking, it’s hard to maintain the level of candor needed to get to the bottom of safety issues.

“A good portion of the safety program work is to ensure compliance and due diligence with the standards,” says Sopka. “We try to be a little bit more towards the safety of the work rather than the

PHOTO: © BRANKO / ADOBE STOCK

DECEMBER 2023

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GOOD VIBRATIONS

Researching vibration energy transfers to help track better vibration field practices.

BY PAUL JAWORSKI

PHOTOS COURTESY OF MINNICH MANUFACTURING

M

embers of the American Concrete Institute (ACI) are working to bring more understanding about the use of vibration energy to the industry to improve outcomes for contractors.

At the just-concluded ACI Fall Convention, promising research was presented to the Consolidation Technical Committee that can be used to capture and gather data for the purpose of machine learning during the vibration of concrete pavements. Members of the committee have been busy for the past four years gathering and testing quality control methods to offer more predictable outcomes in vibrating various concrete mixtures across several construction applications.

With ACI 309 Consolidation Guidance document being re-written, the members have been engaged in producing a new document that will offer contractors a better understanding of vibration energy and how to limit the amount of surface damage from over-vibration. Since the concrete industry is focused on carbon-neutral initiatives, which includes producing concrete mixtures that use Type 1L cement, the committee has stepped up the urgency to update its guidance document.

Vibration research for the document has been concentrating on the challenges of placing pumpable mixtures without separating available mix water and a more advanced testing platform targeted at machine-learning methods in placing concrete pavement mixtures.

The effort has been focused on construction case studies using controlled frequency vibration (CFV) that applies the same vibration energy to the concrete, and more importantly maintains a frequency, despite any concrete load changes. The method has led to specifications that set maximum allowable limits to vibration frequency in pavements to limit any concrete distresses from frequency over-vibration. New limits to vibration frequency will result in a maximum frequency for commercial applications, especially pumpables.

In 2021, Iowa State University released a study of the effects

of vibration on mixtures by looking at vibration energy transfers to clinically verify what the field studies have been empirically telling us about frequency over-vibration: the quality of concrete surfaces is usually compromised with vibrator frequency.

Iowa State researchers used a fixed frequency and output of force during vibration that can be tracked through the concrete.

This revealed important factors that outline the behaviour of frequency and the material separation that it causes (see Chart on Page 34). The energy transfers reveal how to meet consolidation standards in concrete mixtures while limiting the issues that come with over-vibration of low-viscosity mixtures.

In a sustainable model, vibration energy is the easiest piece of the puzzle to control. The researcher simply chooses a fixed vibrator frequency that matches the workability of concrete at pre-construction trials during mock-ups.

In both pavements and pumpable mixtures, just the frequency control and reduction in frequencies has shown a marked improvement in limiting the damage that high frequency does to most concrete mixtures. Once the vibrator is set at a frequency, the control of vibration process turns to evaluating the variability challenges in the workability associated with concrete production. on-sitemag.com / 33

APPLICATION PRACTICES the committee that all slump values are not equal. Two different concrete mixtures can have the same slump value but may have arrived at that slump through different amounts of water-reducing agents. Although the samples are the exact same slump as indicated by the slump cone test, they react differently when vibration energy is introduced.

Forced concrete bleed by frequency: The usual predictable This revelation allows for a water separation by vibrator frequency is illustrated. much better understanding of To set vibration frequency and move several conditions of over-vibration by towards machine learning, a method of vibrator frequency by evaluating vibration controls includes reading changes in energy against what the concrete resistance concrete workability and understanding how (dampening effect) before widespread to adjust vibration to those changes. material separation occurs.

The ability to measure vibration energy Once you go past concrete’s threshold, in fresh concrete is paramount to limiting you begin to relocate water away from the the damage that is continually done by vibrating head to the surface of paveover-vibration in many concrete placement ments, or to the form surfaces in the case applications. For a century, the vibration of placing pumpable mixes. In concrete process has tried to match applied energy pavements, the paving machine will evenwith a slump cone test. The slump cone tually have vibration energy transfer sensors test is seldom used in measuring the that will aid in the machine learning of concrete workability of pavement applicaconcrete paving machines by tracking and tions, however. logging the vibration energy transfer data.

The initial study of using vibration The information from the transfer data will energy transfers on mixtures showed that be sent to the paver’s network controller to the slump cone test was also not an indicaallow more controls on the paving process. tor for any commercial concrete mixtures.

The paver already uses a vibration In the Iowa State study, energy transfers monitoring system to control a vibrator showed that the measure of static yield in frequency range, but the learning with the slump cone test did not represent what energy transfers can look at the effects happens when vibration energy is applied of static head, change in workability and to the concrete. A better view of vibration’s frequency adjustments to the paver’s effects comes with capturing the dynamic forward travel speed. yield of concrete through analyzing vibraTracking energy transfers can also be tion energy transfers. a big help in analyzing concrete samples The ability to show dynamic yield from the laboratory, batching, transport values through energy transfers has told and the condition of the concrete workabil-

Forced concrete bleed by frequency: The usual predictable water separation by vibrator frequency is illustrated.

34 / DECEMBER 2023

ity as it enters that paver prior to vibration.

How does all this help contractors place pumpable mixtures?

The research, case studies and field effort to find better vibration solutions through the development of quality control tools and methods to meet the always-changing materials in mix designs, is a matter of developing tools for our biggest priority—constructability. The committee has incorporated guidance maximum limits when vibrating pumpable and near flowable mixtures above the measured five-inch slump value.

The most adopted frequency during field trials has been the 8,000 vpm range to immediately bring down the amount of water separation. In the new Consolidation Guidance Document, methods will be outlined for determining a compatible frequency for the trial mixture at mock-ups. Choosing a frequency that offers the least disturbance for the amounts of available water in the mixture is the first step, and The “Quake” has been developed by Oklais very helpful in homa State University controlling concrete to help understand the surface issues. behavior of vibration Vibration has energy. always been misunderstood because research and science has not been exposed to users, but controls are important to sustainable concrete placement practices. The best way to control concrete issues is to accurately measure fixed frequency vibration and variability in concrete production. With the eight different ongoing research studies involving vibration’s effects on concrete, field controls through analyzing energy transfers will soon become reality.

Paul Jaworski is the product manager at Minnich Manufacturing, Inc. He has more than 40 years of experience in concrete vibration and consolidation.

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CCE 2024

CANADIAN CONCRETE EXPO SET FOR FEBRUARY

Sixth annual CCE returns to the GTA this February with demos, training, networking, and more.

36 / DECEMBER 2023

and better value for attendees.”

CCE provides an environment to source new suppliers, reconnect with industry contacts, get hands-on with the latest equipment, and take advantage of exclusive show offers. For those looking to expand their industry knowledge or skills, educational sessions are available to help maintain and develop a greater skillset in Canada’s diverse and evolving concrete construction industry.

The exposition will be located at the International Centre in Mississauga, only five minutes from Toronto’s Pearson International Airport. Registration for CCE 2024 is now open. Register in advance to save 50 per cent on the admission fees.

For more information, or to register, visit canadianconcreteexpo.com.

PHOTO BY ON-SITE STAFF

C

anada’s national trade show dedicated to the concrete, construction and aggregates industries, the Canadian Concrete Expo (CCE) will return for its sixth year on February 14 and 15, 2024. Set to take place at the International Centre in Mississauga, Ont., this year’s event has grown once again and will feature a 300,000 square foot exhibition floor with more than 350 national and international exhibitors, educational seminars, and product demonstrations.

CANADIAN “If people have not been CONCRETE EXPO to the show, since its early years, we’ve grown 350 per February 14-15, 2024 cent from the first year that we did the show,” says CCE International Centre, president Stuart Galloway.

6900 Airport Rd., “The sheer volume of exhibMississauga, Ont. itors, and the product, service and equipment selection, has grown exponentially. There’s so believe the quality of our much more to see.” conference sessions is the best Expected to attract in excess of 8,000 it’s ever been.” industry attendees, the expo has a slate Another major aspect of the show that of more than 40 conference sessions, live is expected to attract attention of attendees demonstrations and stage presentations that will be the large equipment demonstrations. will provide attendees the chance to experiThese live indoor pours will showcase the ence the latest technology and equipment, newest innovations the industry has to offer, and access key industry insights. plus innovations in decking, forming, equip“We know that for people to make the ment, and much more. trek, let’s say from Eastern or Western “We brought back our large equipment Canada, and even the Southern or Northern demos, which are indoor. We’ve got live United States, we’ve got to provide some concrete pours and are bringing in larger education for them as well,” says Galloway. equipment that we can demo inside, plus “They’re looking for a multi-multifaceted multiple product presentations on our main event that not only provides them exhibstage and Hall 2,” says Galloway. “We’re itors, but where they can get education really trying to focus on growth in those and networking at the same time. So, areas as well to provide a better experience we’ve really expanded our sessions, and we

PRODUCTS

CONCRETE PRODUCT SHOWCASE BREAKER HAMMER Launching this month, the DeWalt 60V Cordless HEX Breaker Hammer Kit is a 41-pound cordless breaker hammer that can deliver up to 41 Joules of impact energy. It works with 1-1/8” hex-shank bits and is designed for such tasks as chipping mid-to-lower wall and flooring, powered digging, channel creation, and slab demolition. The breaker hammer delivers up to 1,080 BPM and has a chipping range of 1 to 8 inches. Additional features include wireless tool control, compatibility to automatically activated DeWalt vacuums and dust collectors, and built-in SHOCKS anti-vibration control.

Adrian Steel ladder racks are designed to make loading and unloading ladders easier and more ergonomic, but their most important function is helping you make it safely home at the end of each day.

OnSite_AdrianSteel_Oct23.indd 1

Milwaukee Tool’s M18 FUEL Concrete Pencil Vibrator offers a cordless compact solution when working in confined and restricted spaces. Essential to the concrete consolidation process, the pencil vibrator generates up to a 1.8 peak HP, using a Powerstate brushless motor to deliver up to 12,500 vibrations per minute. It is available in four- and eight-foot lengths, has a one-inch square head, and features a variable-speed trigger.

REMOTE-CONTROLLED DEMOLITION MACHINE Designed for heavy-duty, difficult-to-access projects and applications, the Brokk 200 looks to deliver the power of a 3-ton machine in a 2-ton package. The 27.5-kilowatt machine operates tools with requirements typical of one weight class above. When paired with the manufacturer’s BHB 305 breaker, the unit’s hitting power is increased by 40 per cent, delivering 450 foot-pounds (610 joules) with each blow of the 650-pound (295-kilogram) hydraulic breaker.

ProLiftTM elevates safety by lifting ladders with unique, patent-pending mechanical advantages and dampers. Ladders can be raised and lowered effortlessly.

Requiring up to 50% less effort from you to do the job, ProLiftTM helps reduce back and shoulder injuries. With Adrian Steel, ladders stay put and you stay safe, it’s as simple as that. Learn more about ProLiftTM and our ProfileTM rack system at adriansteel.com

38 / DECEMBER 2023

BATTERY-POWERED PENCIL VIBRATOR

2023-09-27 1:50 PM

COMBINATION CONCRETE SLIPFORM PAVER

CEMENT MIXER VOCATIONAL TRUCK Western Star’s 47X twinsteer offers a factory-installed 72” set-back axle spacing and a 60” set-forward axle spacing prep aimed at providing durability, weight savings and ease of upfit. Designed to support Truck Equipment Manufacturers (TEMs), it provides essential components, including an additional dressed second front axle with wheels and tires, ample cab clearance, and a strategically positioned Aftertreatment System (ATS) mount, to allow ease of installation of their twin-steer front suspension.

Gomaco’s GP460 combination concrete slipform paver and placer/spreader will accommodate widths up to 50 feet (15.2 m) wide as a placer/spreader with a 60-inch (1524 mm) belt and will pave widths up to 40 feet (12.2 m) wide as a concrete slipform paver. The machine is built on the framework of the company’s two-track GP4 slipform paver and is powered by a Caterpillar C7.1 turbocharged diesel engine.

SOLID BODY HYDRAULIC BREAKERS A reliable choice for demolishing light concrete structures and asphalt pavements, both outdoors and indoors, Epiroc’s solid body hydraulic breakers offer blow frequencies from 550 up to 2,300 blows per minute and are available in nine models with service weights ranging from 55 kg to 1,060 kg. The company’s SB 152-SB 1102 come with integrated water nozzles as an option for dust suppression. With these nozzles, located in the front of the hydraulic breaker, dust is suppressed where it is created.

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on-sitemag.com / 39 2023-11-28 10:08 AM

WOC 2024

CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF WORLD OF CONCRETE

WORLD OF CONCRETE 2024 Las Vegas Convention Center Jan. 23-25, 2024

W

orld of Concrete (WOC) is gearing up for its much anticipated 50th edition at the Las Vegas Convention Center (LVCC). Presented by Informa Markets, the annual event brings together the newest products, leading-industry suppliers, resources, and valuable education necessary for concrete and masonry professionals.

In 2023, WOC drew more than 48,000 registered professionals, with bustling foot traffic throughout the show, high engagement with the comprehensive educational offerings, and overall enthusiasm from participants, underscoring the industry’s critical need for in-person connections.

WOC 2024 will feature more than 1,200 exhibitors spanning more than 700,000 sq. ft. of indoor and outdoor exhibit and event space, as well as a world-class education program. This year’s show runs from January 23 to 25, with education sessions available starting on the 22nd.

40 / DECEMBER 2023

The show is set to take place in the North, Central and South Halls of the Las Vegas Convention Center, as well as in the Silver and Bronze Lots for outdoor exhibits and events.

Central Hall is the place to check out material handling products, from trucks, excavators, paving equipment and more for material delivery, distribution, concrete placement, and earth moving, along with commercial construction concrete and masonry tools, and the ever-popular Work Truck LIVE! Work Truck LIVE! highlights innovations in the design and configuration of work trucks as well as innovative accessories that will help contractors increase safety and productivity.

Concrete producers, and contractors looking for information about construction technology, precast products, concrete masonry and concrete reinforcement will be well served by the demonstrations, products and services on display in the North Hall.

In addition to all things masonry, the South Hall in the LVCC will also feature concrete repair and demolition, and surface and decorative products, including the latest in surface preparation equipment, scarifying, grinding, sawing equipment, sealants, joint fillers, coatings, and cleaning solutions.

The outdoor areas, in the Silver Lot and Bronze Lot, will feature live demos and heavy equipment, as well as championships, skills challenges and demos.

Starting a day before the exhibits open, the 2024 World of Concrete Education Program will offer a variety of in-depth learning options for concrete and masonry professionals covering such topics as technical applications, business best practices, project management, and safety-relevant topics for every skill level from beginner to experienced.

For more information about the show, and to register, visit www.worldofconcrete.com.

PHOTOS COURTESY OF WOC/INFORMA MARKETS

International event for the concrete and masonry industries brings the industry to Las Vegas this January.

E X H I B I T S : J A N U A RY 2 3 - 2 5 , 2 0 2 4 E D U C AT I O N : J A N U A R Y 2 2 - 2 5 LAS VEGAS CONVENTION CENTER

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LEGENDS ARE MADE

As the industry’s No. 1 authority, we’ve stayed true to our mission to support the needs of concrete and masonry professionals.

Today, we’re working just as hard to deliver opportunities and strategic connections as we did on day one. Join us to see, touch and test state-of-the-art solutions that drive informed decisions and put your business on solid ground for the year ahead.

B U I L D A L E G A C Y O F S U C C E S S. LEARN MORE ABOUT WOC

VIEW INTERNATIONAL EVENTS

REGISTER NOW at worldofconcrete.com

DEMOLITION

FITTING THE BIT TO THE JOB Maximize concrete demolition efficiency by using the right bit.

BY JEFF KEELING

S

electing the right tool for the job is the key to minimizing effort and maximizing efficiency in concrete demolition applications. Working with a remote-controlled demolition machine is one way to take safety and productivity to a next level, but tool selection is a major factor in getting the most from your machines.

The wrong tool selection, on the other hand, can slow down productivity or leave behind unsatisfactory results. Knowing the difference leads to huge advantages in an increasingly competitive field.

Here are some tips for selecting the right tool to maximize breaking potential.

MOIL POINT The moil point tool is the most common bit found on jobsites. The pencil-tip design focuses the entire force of the hammer and carrier in a 1/4-inch point, which limits vibrations, making it perfect for indoor applications and other situations where vibrations are unacceptable.

Good precision and control make it ideal for breaking hard concrete reinforced with rebar in applications such as walls, footings, floors, foundations or machine bases. However, it doesn’t provide the level of precision necessary for fine detail work.

The cone-shaped head can also get stuck as dust may lodge it in place. Avoid this by paying special attention to the running time of the hammer. Don’t run for more than 20 seconds in the same spot without noticeable results.

The moil point has several variations

42 / DECEMBER 2023

Having bit options on hand increases versatility and efficiency.

The moil point offers a good level of control.

that offer further efficiency in certain situations. A pyramidal moil point, also known as a “nail head,” provides minor torsion and a wedge effect in four directions, making it a better dividing tool. The shape also keeps the nail head from getting stuck as much.

Operators often rely on the cone-shaped moil rather than a tool more appropriate for the job. Carefully consider all aspects of the job before automatically selecting this tool.

area of impact when breaking slab concrete, making it ideal for floors, steel beams encased in concrete, recycling and certain roadwork applications. What it lacks in precision, it makes up for in destructive power. Distributing energy across the entire face covers a significantly larger surface area than pointed tools and greatly increases overall efficiency. This tool produces heavy vibrations, which limits its use in applications like indoor and top-down demolition, and some road and bridge repair.

CHISEL A chisel tool provides strong torsion and good penetration, resulting in the best splitting action. It’s ideal for trimming applications, including floors, walls and foundations, as well as demolishing reinforced columns, supports and blocks. Select a chisel for cleaning up between rebar on the edge of a slab to ensure an ideal bonding surface for pouring concrete. The chisel also offers the best precision for fine detail work.

BLUNT The blunt tool’s flat face delivers a wider

SLAB BUSTER For maximum destructive power, the slab buster, or “elephant foot,” is the go-to tool.

Shaped like a bell, it distributes energy over a surface area three times its size, doubling production of both slab and on-grade demolition. However, vibrations and very little precision can limit applications.

Jeff Keeling is the vice-president of sales and marketing for Brokk Inc.

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RISK

By David Bowcott

Applications for AI in Construction

Is your organization’s “data house” in order so that you can deploy AI solutions?

T

ENTERPRISE INTELLIGENCE AI A small group of the more progressive construction stakeholders are taking measures to identify, organize, structure and link their organization’s data. By doing so they will be in a position to allow organizational-wide queries by their staff, and potentially their clients, to identify a path to the right decision.

Imagine a company specific ChatGPT that provides answers to questions like, “Who should I talk to about my health benefits?” or, “What are some of the best practices I should consider when working on sections of a hospital project that have MRI equipment?.”

The richest source of data for such an AI solution is likely your enterprise management software (for a contractor it could be their project management software).

CONTRACT REVIEW AI There are a few construction-focused technologies that allow for the more efficient review of design documentation and construction contracts. You can even see demos of ChatGPT performing contract reviews with high levels of efficiency and accuracy. These technol-

44 / DECEMBER 2023

ogies are being trained to identify the levels of risk-taking via these documentation sets, thus providing the construction sector a much more efficient and accurate way to assess risk allocation via contract.

INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) AI As the IoT universe continues to expand and gains widespread use in both the construction phase and the operations phase of a built asset, the interlinking of IoT devices via an IoT backbone will create tremendous AI opportunities. Imagine an AI that sits overtop of all this data. It is like having a project brain that is feed by sensors (or senses) via interconnectivity (or a backbone). Such AI is already being developed and is learning how devices like environmental sensors can predict risks of pipe burst due to temperature change.

REALITY CAPTURE AI Some of the more progressive construction stakeholders are using jobsite scanning technology and other forms of computer vision to keep regular tabs on their jobsites and as-built progress. AI is being integrated into these computer vision applications to identify things like unsafe areas on the projects, defective workmanship and progress of various subtrades on the project. Such applications massively shorten the time previously taken by humans to inspect for safety, quality and progress.

COUNTER-PARTY RISK AI The construction sector brings together many stakeholders to delivery a specific project on-time and on-budget. Monitoring the ability of all stakeholders to perform their contracts is a crucial risk control. There are companies that provide financial, business and safety assessments of the thousands of stakeholders within the construction community. Many of those companies are harnessing AI to determine which counter-party metrics are the best predictor of default.

SCHEDULING AI Several applications in the scheduling technology sector are using AI to predict if schedules are achievable before construction begins,

PHOTO: © TREECHA / ADOBE STOCK

he return on investment from identifying, structuring and linking the data in your organization may represent the best investment your business could make. We are witnessing the birth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in both narrow and general form, and when connected to a well-organized, interconnected and accurate data set, its potential applications are plentiful and highly beneficial.

Artificial intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence. It learns from experience, self-corrects, harnesses reason and overall evolves its intelligence. AI can be both narrow, where it is use for specific tasks, but more recently it is becoming general, whereby it simulates the cognitive abilities of human beings (intelligence on a variety of tasks and subjects).

With the level of attention AI is receiving, you know that there are construction applications, many that are just starting to garner attention. Here are a few ways it may be used within the construction sector.

and to monitor schedule progress during the construction phase.

Several of these applications harness other technologies on the project to validate progress (i.e., reality capture).

AI is already making transformational strides within the construction industry. These examples are but a few areas where AI is intermingling with other construction technology solutions to gain a previously unforeseen level of transparency into the construction jobsite. Further, AI isn’t only providing real-time updates on the project, it is providing predictive insights into the projects and identifying things that have a high likelihood of going wrong.

Risks are not only being mitigated, they are being prevented through the use of this ever-evolving intelligence partner.

Contractors that are not preparing their companies to harness the benefits of AI will likely soon find themselves at a substantial competitive advantage.

SHOW OFF YOUR SITE in the 2023

Canadian Construction Photo Contest SUBMISSION CRITERIA: • Shot on a Canadian job site • Taken in 2023 • Shows construction in progress

Submit your entries by January 12!

2022 WINNER

David Bowcott is the managing director, construction, at NFP Corp.

Please send comments to editor@on-sitemag.com.

2021 WINNER

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2020 WINNER

DEVELON............................... na.develon-ce.com ..................................................... 2, 3 Fortis BC............................... www.fortisbc.com ........................................................ 17 GOMACO................................ www.gomaco.com ........................................................ 32 Husqvarna............................ www.husqvarnaconstruction.ca................................... 35 Kubota.................................. www.kubota.ca ............................................................ 25 LBX Linkbelt.......................... LBXCO.com/X4S ........................................................... 48 Machines Italia..................... www.machinesitalia.org ................................................ 8

2019

Max USA Corp........................ www.maxusacorp.com ................................................. 39

WINNER

NHES..................................... www.nhes.ca ............................................................... 27 Pomerleau............................. www.pomerleau.ca ................................................ 20, 21 Procore.................................. www.procore.com ......................................................... 12 SoftwareONE......................... www.softwareone.com/construction ............................ 47 Uline Canada Corporation..... www.uline.ca ................................................................. 8 Wirtgen................................. www.wirtgen-group.com .............................................. 43 World of Concrete.................. www.worldofconcrete.com ........................................... 41

Full rules and details available at on-sitemag.com on-sitemag.com / 45

OnSite_PhotoContest_Dec23_EJS.indd 1

2023-11-30 9:16 AM

CONTRACTORS & THE LAW

By Andrew Pozzobon

Accidents and incidents What to do following a serious incident at the work site.

T

he main goal of health and safety programs is to reduce workplace injuries and deaths. However, even worksites that have comprehensive health and safety programs may have serious incidents that result in a worker injury or death. The steps taken by an owner, prime contractor or contractor following a serious incident are critical to minimizing the legal risk related to the serious incident.

by occupational health and safety, so it is important to have them available, if requested.

Witnesses should also be interviewed, and witness statements should be completed. Any interview or witness statement should focus exclusively on the facts, namely what the person witnessed.

The witness statements should not include any speculation by the witness as to the cause or possible causes of the incident, nor any type of root cause analysis.

REPORTING THE INCIDENT If a serious incident occurs, the first step that should be taken is to contact the appropriate authority. If there is a death or workplace violence at the worksite, the police should be immediately contacted. In most provinces, there is also an obligation to contact occupational health and safety and workers’ compensation following a serious incident. Depending on the nature of the incident, insurers may need also need to be contacted and informed of the incident.

SECURING THE WORK SITE Following a serious incident, it is necessary to ensure that the scene is not altered or disturbed, and no further work is conducted in that area. Further, no equipment should be moved or removed from the scene. The scene should not be disturbed or altered unless directed by the police, emergency services, or occupational health and safety, or where it is necessary to attend to a worker that was injured or killed; prevent further injuries or incidents; or protect property that is endangered as a result of the injury or incident.

PREPARING OF INVESTIGATION REPORTS In most provinces, following a serious incident, there is a requirement to complete an investigation report. However, the contents of the investigation report should be carefully considered. Further, it is recommended that two separate investigation reports be completed.

The first investigation report is the report that may need to be provided to the authorities. This investigation report should focus on the facts and the steps taken to ensure a similar serious incident does not occur again in the future. It should not include a root cause analysis or speculation as to what occurred.

The second investigation report should be completed with the involvement of legal counsel and be subject to privilege. This investigation report would likely be more comprehensive and would include a root cause analysis. The purpose of this type of investigation report is to ensure that the company has all of the necessary information to fully respond to any claims related to the serious incident.

PRIVILEGED COMMUNICATIONS DEVELOPING A CHAIN OF COMMAND Following a serious incident, it is important to develop a chain of command and designate a person authorized to speak on behalf of the company. The designated person should be the spokesperson for any investigation into the serious incident. The designated person will also be the one who will deal directly with the police, occupational health and safety, lawyers, and insurance companies. While other persons at the worksite may have to provide information to authorities, having a designated person will ensure there is a consistent path for information to follow.

Legal counsel should be immediately involved to try to ensure that the investigation and communications are privileged. Any communications that do not involve legal counsel may have to be disclosed as part of any litigation or to occupational health and safety, if prosecuted. However, companies cannot claim blanket privilege over materials or claim that materials are privileged simply because legal counsel is involved. Your legal team can advise where privilege may exist.

Serious incidents can happen at any worksite. Ensuring that there is a plan in place following a serious incident is key to ensuring any legal risk is minimized.

GATHERING EVIDENCE Following a serious incident, evidence should be preserved to ensure that all of the key information is available for any investigation.

Information that should be collected include emails, videos, and photographs of the scene of the incident, among other things.

Any relevant policies, procedures, training records, employment records, hazard assessments, and other similar documents should also be collected. These documents will often be requested

46 / DECEMBER 2023

Andrew Pozzobon is a partner practicing in commercial litigation and employment at Borden Ladner Gervais LLP. He regularly advises on occupational health and safety matters. This article provides an overview and is not intended to be exhaustive of the subject matter contained therein. Although care has been taken to ensure accuracy, this article should not be relied upon as legal advice.

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