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Address Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com
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t*¾r[my@dw b'´ E å ukrm& 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(pDr)H t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ EåaZmwdu(M.A) 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(ynm) tbd"r®myd#ur[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw a'guw f mb'´ Eåax&dE(´ Ph.D) yd#uwfqidk &f mygVpd mayXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåy@dwmbd0o H (M.A) okwå Eåy#d uwfr[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåork e(M.A) Ak'a¨ 'oemjyefyh mG ;a&;ynmXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf t*¾r[m*E¬0gpu y@dw b'´ EÅynm0Ho(M.A) armfueG ;f xde;f q&mawmf
pmwnf;csKyf r[mo'¨ra® Zmwdu"Z wuúov dk o f Qio f &D d ("r®mp&d,? bDat)
pmwnf;tzJG Y ? jynfpkd;? "r®xufukd pDrHa&;&m? NzKd ;rmrm xk wf wf a0 ol wifp;dk (NrJ -04266) vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f
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jzefYcsda&; vIid Mf unfjzL"r®0&D pmaywku d f zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 rk;d aumif;uifpmay? trSw(f 134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)? ausmufww H m;NrKd eU ,f? &efuek Nf rKd /YU zke;f -01-253255 xGe;f OD;pmay(rEÅav;) zke;f 02-39801
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EDITORIAL "r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/
f gap twåEiS y fh & nDñw G r f QwpGm avmutusK;d o,fy;kd Ekid y uREf k y f w d k Y o nf twd w f b 0ujyKcJ h a om umrm0p& uk o k d v f u H p G r f ; tm;aMumih f ,ck vl Y b 0wG i f vlom;½kyfemrftoGifjzihf usihfaqmiftm;xkwfvkyfudkifaeMu&onf/ þb0 vkyfaqmifrIonf oufwrf;ukefjyefaomf b0 opfwpfckodkY ½kyf? emrf ajymif;í vIyf&Sm;Mu&ygOD;rnf/ ½kyfemrfrjywf rNidrf;orQ? wpfb0NyD; wpfb0 wpfcE¨mNyD; wpfcE¨m qufvufvIyf&Sm;aeMu&ygrnf/ vlYavmu vlom;\ qE´rsm;onf touf&SifoefzdkY? tjcm;ywf0ef;usifu rdrdudk todrSwfjyKcH&zdkY? MoZm tmPmt&Sed t f 0g &zdYk qdak om tajccHtaMumif;w&m;ESifh rdr\ d tjyKtrltajymtqdk tvkyt f udik rf sm;wGif vlom; qefaom arQmfvihfawmihfwrI? BudK;pm;tm; xkwfrIrsm;ESihf touf&SifaeMuygonf/ vlom;[lorQwo Ykd nf vlom;qef aom tawG;tac: t,ltqrsm;ESifh tem*wf odYk a&SU½INy;D vkyaf qmifaeMu&m rdrdb0 rdrd ordkif;udk taumif;qHk;? tawmufyqHk;? tatmifjrifqHk;? jyKvkyfzdkY tcGifhtvrf;rsm; &Sd Muygonf/ xdkodkYvkyfMu&mwGif twå[dwqdk aom rdrdtusKd;? ightusKd;qdkaom igygaom udk,fusKd;pD;yGm;wpfckwnf;MunhfNyD; jyKvkyfoGm; rnfqdkygu xdkoltwGuf atmifjrifonf[k qdkjim;aomfvnf; vlESihf vlYywf0ef;usif rdom;pk ordkif;pOfrSmrl rsufESmyef;rvS? ordkif;rvS? cg;oD; aom orkdif;rSwfwrf;rsm; usef&pfcJhygrnf/ vlom;qdkonfrSm tE¨ykxkZOf ac:aomtodÓPfrJh rdkufrJaom tawG;tac: t,ltqrsm;ESihf vljzpfvmol? uvsmPykxkZOf ac: taMumif;tusKd; taumif;tqdk;ukd (ukokdvf? tukodkvf) odNyD; vljzpfvmaomol [lí&Sd&m twå y&rQw nDñGwfpGm usihfaqmif NyD; touf&Sif&yfwnfaeEkdifol jzpfvmrS uvsmP ykxkZOf vlwef;pm;pm&if;0ifygrnf/ ,aeY vl Y a vmu vl o m;awG r S m ½k y f emrf y k d i f & S i f v l o m;csif ; twl w l j zpf y gvsuf vl j zpf c G i h f & aecd k u f r S m rdrdtajctaeajzmihfjzL; om,ma&;? rdrdb0 tajccHvSyacsmarGYapa&;? wihfw,fapa&; wpfckwnf;udkom Munhf wwfaom yk*¾dKvfrsm; þavmuwGif rsm;jym; vmygu urÇmywf0ef;usifonf wifhw,frI? vSyrI? at;Nidrf;rI&Sdawmhrnf r[kwfyg/ ,aeYurÇmvlom;avmuwGif vlxJ u vlcsif;twlwl wpfyg;olxuf xl;jcm;aom tawG;tjrif t,ltqrsm;? aygufzGm;vmolrsm;\ vlavmuaumif;usKd; aqmif&Gufay;rI rsm;aMumihf urÇmBuD;onf wdk;wufzGHUNzdK;vm&ygonf/ pdwfavmu ½kyfavmu zGHUNzdK;rIwGif pdwfavmu zGHUNzdK;rIonf vlom;orkdif;udk trsm;qHk;aumif;usKd;jyKaeygonf/ Oyrm bmoma&;acgif;aqmifrsm; vlraI &;acgif;aqmif rsm;? ynma&;acgif;aqmifrsm;? usef;rma&; acgif;aqmifrsm;ponfwdkY rGefjrwf aumif;rGefaom pdwf"mwfaMumihf vlom;wdkYb0 Nidrf;csrf; om,mwihfw,fvSyNyD; ryifryef; b0 oufwrf;wpfckukd avQmufvSrf;aeMu&jcif; jzpfygonf/ raumif;rGefaom pdwf"mwf&Sdolrsm; \ vrf;ñTefcsufaMumihf vlowfyGJrsm;? pD;yGm; a&; ysufuyfrsm;jzpfay:NyD; vlom;tm;vHk; qif;&Jyifv,fa0um rNidrf;csrf; rwnfNidrfonhf aomujzihf b0wpfckudk &yfwnfjzwfoef;ae Mu&ygonf/ xkdYaMumihf vlYb0udk &vmaom rdrd wdkYonf rdrdb0 twå y&rQwaom vlaerIb0 ukd wnfaqmufaeol [kwf r[kwfqdkonf udk a0zefqef;ppfMu&ayrnf/ xkdYjyif [D&dMowåyÜqdkaom t&Suf? taMumufw&m;udk vufukdifxm;NyD; ynm? orm"d? 0D&d,wdkYjzihf xHkrTrf;um owdw&m;jzihf tpOfapmihfMunhfvsuf vlYavmu\ twåy&nDñGwfrQwa&;udk tpOf apmihfxdef;oGm;Mu&ef EdI;aqmfwkdufwGef; tyfygonf/ t,f ' D w m
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Satipat.t.ha-na: - THE DIRECT PATH TO REALIZATION
4
"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/
tjynfjynfqdkif&max&0g max&0g'' Ak'¨omoemjyKwuúodkvf ygarmu©csKyf q&mawmfbk&m;BuD; t*¾r[my@dw? t*¾r[m*E¦0gpuy@dw a'gufwm t&SifeE´rmvmbd0Ho a[mMum;csD ; jr§ i h f a wmf r l t yf a om
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Satipat.t.ha-na: - THE DIRECT PATH TO REALIZATION "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ eJrY jzpfb;l / 'DprG ;f tm;awGtukev f ;kH pHrk S pdwmå Ekyóemqdw k m jzpfw,faygh/ uJ . . 'D p d w f u av;[m b,f o l Y p d w f u d k Munh f & rS m vJ ? udk,fhoEÅmefrSm&SdwJh pdwfut"duyJ/ udk,hfpdwfuav;awmhjzpfaewmyJ/ rodvdkufwJhpdwfawG ajrmufjrm;pGmyJ/ rodwmu rsm;w,f? odwmu enf;enf;yJ/ udk,hfpdwf udk,fodwmr[kwfbl;ç udk,fodwmu tm½Hkudk oGm;odaewm? pdwfudkodcJw,f/ udk,hfpdwfudk avhvmtuJcwfMunhfwm r[kwfbl;/ udk,fMunhfaewmu tm½HkawGyJ/ rsufpdu jrifwJhtm½Hkudk odw,f? em;u Mum;wJhtoHudk odw,f/ tck 'DuaeY vltrsm;ajymaeMuwm vSw,fç rvSbl;qdkwm bmudkajymwmwkef;? rsufpdu jrifwmudkajymaewm/ toH om,mw,fç rom,mbl;qdkwm bmudkajymwmwkef;? em;u Mum;wmudkajymaewm/ 'DteHYav;u arT;w,fç rarT;bl;qdkwm bmudkajymaewmwkef;? ESmacgif; u&wJh teHu Y akd jymaewm/ tjyifu[mawGcsn;f ajymaewmyJ/ tm½Hak wG taMumif; ajymaewm/ 'D[if;av; t&om&Sw d ,fç t&omr&Sb d ;l / a[m..Zd0mS yom' rSm ay:vmwJh t&omqdkwJhtm½Hkudk ajymaewm/ jyifytm½HktaMumif; ajymaewm/ 'Dae&mxdik cf if;av;uawmh tdpufnufanmw,f/ 'Dae&m av;uawmh rmw,fvdkYajymwmvJyJ txdtawGUudkajymaeMuwmyJ/ 'Davuylvu dk w f mç [dak vav;u at;vku d w f m txdtawGUudk ajymwm/ &moDOwkBuD;u ylvkdufwmç &moDOwkBuD;uat;vkdufwmqdkwmvnf; bmudkajymwmwkef;? azm|AÁudk ajymaewmyJ/ pdwftaMumif;udk ajymwm [kwu f v hJ m;...r[kwb f ;l wJ/h tJ'aD wmh vlawG[m pdwu f akd rhxm;Ny;D awmh tm½HkawGay:rSmyJ pum;ajymNyD;awmh aeMuw,f/ udk,hfpdwfuav;udk udk,farhaew,fvdkY 'DvdkajymEdkifwmayhg/ tJ'v D rkd jzpf&atmif jrwfpmG bk&m;u OD;vSnafh y;vku d w f m pdwmå EkyóemwJh/ pdwfudkjyefNyD;awmh owduyfvkdufprf;yg/ udk,hfpdwfav;udk udk,fjyefNyD;awmh owduyfyg/ 'Dae&mrSm pdwåmEkyóemqdkwm pdwfeJY apwodufa&maewm wynhfawmfwdkY pdwfuav;csnf; b,fvdkcGJxkwf Munhf&rvJvdkY pmoifxm;wJhyk*¾dKvfawGu awG;rdaumif; awG;rdvdrfhr,f/ pd w f q d k w m tm½H k u d k o d w wf w J h oabmav;wpf c k w nf ; omjzpf v d k Y b,fpdwfyJjzpfjzpf ay:vmwJhtm½Hkudk odwmcsnf;yJqdkawmh wpfrsdK;wnf; yJ jzpfraebl;vm;? wpfrsdK;wnf;yJ jzpfaew,f/ pdwmå EkyóemrSm jrwfpmG bk&m;u pdwu f t kd ajctaeeJY ,SOw f JG rIawGudkMunhfNyD; 16-rsdK; cGJjyxm;w,f/ pdwåmEkyóemqdkwJhpdwfudk owd uyfNyD;awmh ½IrSwfr,fqdkvdkY&Sd&if 16-rsdK; jzpfEdkifw,f/ 'g vlwkdif;udk 16-rsKd ;jzpfw,fvYkd ajymwmr[kwb f ;l aemf/ taxGaxGjzpfEikd af cs&w dS mawG udk jrwfpGmbk&m;u a[mwm/ 'D 16- rsdK;cGJxm;wmu tbd"r®w¬o*F[ usrf;rSm cGJxm;wmawGeJY wcsdKUwlaomfvnf;yJ wcsdKU rwlbl;/ tjcm; tbd"r®musrf;awGrSmvnf;yJ 16-rsdK;cGJwm &Sdw,fayhg/ bkef;BuD;wdkYMunhf&rSmu pdwfeJYapwodufa&maew,fqdkwJh ae&mrSm odomxif&mS ;wJh ,SOw f v JG mwJh obm0av;eJpY w d u f kd owfrw S Nf y;D ajym&rSm/ qdkygpdkY- EGm;taMumif;udk ajymcsifvdkY&Sd&if b,fvdkajymvJ/ EGm;eDu b,fEpS af umifç EGm;eufu b,fEpS af umif ta&mifecYJ aJG jymw,f r[kwfvm;/ EGm;uawmh EGm;yJav? odkYaomf teDç teufwdkYç tMum;wdkYeJY 'Dvdkrajymbl;vm;/ pdwfudkvnf;yJ tJ'DvdkyJ ajym&rSmyJ/ pdwfuawmh pdwfyJ/ jrwfpGmbk&m;u pdwfudkcGJjcm;NyD;awmh ½IvdkY&atmif ]o&m*H 0g pdwåH o&m*H pdwåEÅd yZmemwd}.. udk,hfoEÅmefrSmjzpfaewJh pdwfuav; [m wG,fwmrI &m*awGeJY ,SOfwGJaewJhpdwfuav;qdkvdkY&Sd&if wG,fwmrI
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Ak'*¨ w D u d m q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&
(½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) y&d Z d P Ö jAm[® P 0w¦ K Ak'&¨ iS af wmfjrwfonf om0w¦jd ynf aZw0efausmif;awmfü aeawmfrlaomtcg Opöm &Spfodef;&Sdaom ykPÖm;tkdwpfa,mufonf om; av;a,mufwdkYtm; OpömESpfodef;pDay;í Opömukef aomtcg om;orD;wdYk jyefírMunfh 0wf&mrJh pm;&mrJch u G v f ufpí JG awmif;pm; &&Smav\/ xkyd P k mÖ ;onf bk&m;&Six f v H mNy;D aomf rdr\ d tjzpfoepf ukd avQmuf\/ bk&m;&Sifvnf; ykPÖm;wdkY tpnf;ta0;yGJobifü ]]a,,d Zmaw[d eE´dóH}} paom *gxmoDcsif;ukd oDqkdavawmh[k oDcsif; *gxmukd oifay;vkduf\/ ykPÖm;vnf; rdefYawmf rlwdkif; oD q k d a vaomf om;av;a,muf w k d Y o nf tbyk P Ö m ;uk d ½k d a opG m vk y f a uR;jyKpk M u\/ om;tBuD ; r*F v mjyKaomaeY ü oHCmawmfig;&m ESiw fh uG bk&m;&Siu f ydk ifí h qGr;f auR;\/ bk&m;&Sif onf rd b wd k Y t m; vk y f a uR;tyf a omtjzpf u k d jyjcif ; iS m trdvyk af uR;aom ]]rmwkaygox}} qifrif;Zmwfudk a[mawmfrNl y;D í ]]"eygavm emr ukÍÆa&m}} paom *gxmukd a[mawmfrl onf/ om;av;a,muf acR;rav;a,muf E S i h f wuG yk P Ö m ;onf aomwmyefwnfav\/ "eygavm emr ukÍÆa&m? u#Kuab'aem 'kEéd0g&a,m/ Aa'¨g uAVH e bkÍÆwd? okr&wd em*0eó ukÍÆa&m/ jref r muAsm "eygv rnf&qifawmf? csKyfxm;cufvS rkefusxefaomf? taESmiftzGJU cHcJh&aomf? pmrpm; qifrsm;ckdatmif;aysmf/ uHhaumfawm pdwfapm atmufarhay:/ The uncontrollable, captive tusker, named Dhanapalaka, with pungent rut flowing, eats no morsel; the tusker calls to mind the elephant forest.
pum;ajy/ / jyif;xefaom rkef,kdqifü xdef;csKyf xm;EkdifcJaom taESmiftzGUJ cH&aom "eygv rnfaom qifrif;onf (rdcifqifrtm; ylyif aMumihMf uojzih)f rpm;Ekid af wmhbJ qiftaygif;wdYk ckad tmif;pH&m uHaumfawmukd omvQif tpOfatmufarhaeav\/ &SdwJh pdwfuav;vdkY odygwJh/ wG,fwmrIqdkwmav;eJY pdwfuav;udkzrf; Munhfwm [kwfuJhvm;? wG,fwmrIudk½Iwm r[kwfbl;? wG,fwmrIudk½I&if "r®mEkyóemjzpfw,f/ 'gayr,hf a,m*DawGtaeeJY pOf;pm;zdkYawmh rBudK;pm;eJYayhg/ jrwfpmG bk&m;u um,mEkyóemç a0'emEkyóemç pdwmå Ekyóemç "r®m EkyóemvdYk tm½Hk 4-rsKd ; ay;xm;wmrSm ig½Iaewm um,mEkyóemvm;ç a0'emEkyóemvm;ç pdwEå yk óemvm;ç "r®mEkyóemvm;vdYk awG;raeeJ/Y tJ'v D akd wG;vdu k w f meJw Y pfNyKd ief uf ud, k ½f aI ewJt h m½Hu k ae vrf;acsmo f mG ;
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
6
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/
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a*gwrAk'¨ESihf rif;wdkY\ avmuobm0"r® jyóemajz&Sif;enf;rsm; (1) wuú o d k v f o Qif o D & d ( "r® m p&d , ? B.A)
,cif t ywf r S t quf vuform;q&mBuD;onf wdkufcef; wpfcküaexdkifum xdkaygYyg;aom opfom; rsm;udk olYtwdkif;twmESihfol jzwfckwfa&Gí rdrd\om;r,m;rsm;twGif;ü aeEkdifavmuf atmif *VKeif u S o f @ef,mOfysBH u;D wnfaqmuf NyD ; vQif xrif ; pm;csd e f a &muf a omumvü xrif;vmydkY ol ZeD;udk tdrfrSm&SdorQ tvHk;pHkudk a&mif;csNyD;vQif a&TaiGrsm;udk ,lcJhavmh} [k rSmMum;ajymqdkvdkufonf/ aAm"drif;om;onf vuform;q&m Bu;D xGurf ajy;Ekid af p&ef aumuEk'jymom'fBu;D udk 0ef;&Hítapmihftaersm; csxm;avonf/ vuform;q&mBu;D onfvnf; *VKef iSuf½kyfo@ef,mOfBuD;NyD;vwfaomftcg ZeD; udk],aeYom;orD;rsm;udk tukefac:í vmcJhyg} [krSmMum;vdkufavonf/ eHeufpmpm;NyD;aomtcg om;r,m; rsm;udk *VKeif u S ½f yk Bf u;D \twGi;f 0rf;üxdik af pNy;D avomjywif;rS iSuf½kyfav,mOfBuD;udk armif; ESifum xGufajy;avonf/ tapmihfwdkYonf aAm"drif;om;xHodkY oGm;a&muftaMumif;Mum;avonf/ odkYaomf aumif;uifuysHoGm;í rnfodkYrQ rwwfEkdifacs/ vuform;q&mBuD;onf aumif;uifjzihfoGm; vwfí [dr0EÅmü oufqif;um NrdKUopfwpfck wnfaxmifum rif;jyKojzih fu|0g[erif;[l í xif&Sm;ausmfMum;cJhonf/ aAm"drif;om;onf jymom'fxufü r*FvmyGJudk bk&m;&Sifudk zdwfNyD; obifqif,if usif;y&ef pDrHNyD; aumuEk'jymom'fü eHYom av;rsKd;wdkYjzifh tajytjypf vdrf;usHí jc,frIef; NyD; atmufajrjyifrS yxravSum;rS tpjyKNyD;
ajceif;zG,f&m ydwfjzLvTmBuD;udk cif;xm;av onf/ rif;om;onf om;orD;rxGe;f um;o jzihf ]igonf tu,f í om;ud k j zpf a p orD;udjk zpfap &vdrrfh nfreS yf gu bk&m;&Sio f nf þydwfjzLtcif;udk eif;awmfrlvdrhfrnf} [k BuHpnfum cif;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ rif;om;onf bk&m;&Sif <uvmawmf rlaomtcg xdjcif;ig;yg;jzihf bk&m;&Sifudk &Sdcdk; í oydwfawmfudk qD;BudK,lNyD;vQif ]<u0ifawmfrlygbk&m;} [k avQmuf xm;avonf/ bk&m;&Sif aAm"drif;om;\ om;orD; r&Ekdifrnfudkodí 0ifawmfrrlacs/ aAm"drif; om;ESpfBudrfoHk;BudrfavQmufxm;onf/ bk&m; &Sifu vHk;0r<uacs/ bk&m;&Sifu &SiftmeE´m ud k Munh f a wmf r l o nf / &S i f t meE´ m onf bk&m;&SifMunhf½Iawmfrlaom trSwfjzihfyif ydwfjzLtcif;udk eif;awmfrlrnfr[kwfaMumif; aumif;pGmodawmfrlí rif;om;udk]rif;om; ydwfjzLtcif;udk ½kyfodrf; apavmh ? bk & m;&S i f o nf yd w f j zLtcif ; ud k eif ; awmf r l v d r h f r nf r [k w f ? aemif v mrnf h aemuf o m;ud k bk & m;&S i f o nf iJ h u G u f a wmf rlonf} [k rdefYMum;NyD; ydwfjzLtcif;ukd ½kyfodrf; aponf/ þaAm"drif;om;onf a&S;twdwu f wpfckaomb00,f uRef;i,fwpfckü aepOf tukokdvfqE´csif; wlnDaom ZeD;onfESihf oabmwliSufi,frsm;udk owfjzwfí pm;cJhzl; onf/ tu,fí ,ckb0ü xdkrif;om;\ ZeD; onf (rdzk&m;)onf xdktwdwfb0 ZeD;onfrS wpfyg; tjcm;jzpfcJhvQif om;orD;udk &Ekdifav
&m\/ ,ckrSmrl rif;om;a&m rdzk&m;yg ESpfOD; pvHk; twdwfb0u tukodkvfqE´rsm; wlnD pGmjzpfaeMuí rif;om;a&m rif;orD;yg om; orD;r&Ekdifonfudk bk&m;&Sifu odjrifawmfrl avonf/ rif;om;onf ydwjf zLcif;ud½k yk o f rd ;f í bk&m;&Sifudk jymom'ftwGif;odkY yihfaqmifNyD; vQif ,m*kqGrf;cJzG,fqGrf;rsm; qufuyfvSL 'gef;NyD;aemuf bk&m;&Sifudk]bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m; wynh f a wmf \ pd w f o EÅ m ef 0 ,f csrf ; omud k tqif;&JcHrSom&Ekdifonf[k tBuHjzpfygonf bk&m;} [k avQmufxm;onf/ xdktcg bk&m;&Sifu ]rif;om; igbk&m;&Sif\ pdwfoEÅmef rSmvnf; bk&m;rjzpfrD tavmif;awmf jzpfpOf uyif þenf;wl tBuHjzpfcJhonf} [k rdefYMum; awmfrlNyD;vQif udk,fawmfjrwf\ 'kuú&p&d,m usiafh wmfryl u kH tp yÍö0*¾iD g;OD;wdt Yk m; "r®pMum ESihf tewåvu©Pmokwf a[mMum;í t& [wåzdkvfü wnfaponfhwdkifatmif taMumif; t&mrsm;udk tus,w f 0ihaf [mMum; jyoawmfrl ygonf/ ]bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m; &[ef;onf bk&m;&Sifwnf;[laom a&SUoGm; acgif;aqmifqHk;rol&SdcJhaomf tcsdefrnfrQ Mum umvtwGif;ü t&[wåzdkvfudk rsufarSmuf jyKum csrf;ompGm aeEkdifygonf} [k aAm"drif; om;u ar;avQmufonf/ ]rif;om; xdkodkYjzpfcJhvQif þt&mü oihfudkyif igbk&m;onf wpfzefjyefar;ygtHh? oifrif;om; ESpfoufoabmusonfhtwdkif; ajzqdkEkdifcGihf&Sdonf/ rif;om; ,ck igbk&m;ar; rnfhpum;udk oifrif;om;rnfodkYrSwf,loabm usygoenf;/ oifrif;om;onf qifpD;cRef;udkif twwfü wwfodvdrfrmonfr[kwfygavm? ]jrwf p G m bk & m; wynh f a wmf u m; qifpD;cRef;udkiftwwfü wwfodvdrfrmyg\ bk&m;} ]rif;om; ,ckigbk&m;ar;rnfh pum; pmrsuf E S m 11 ok d Y
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/
vlom;wk\ Yd tawG;tac:ukd xl;jcm;pGmajymif;vJapaom u½kPm&Sif r[mvlom; ... jrwfA' k ¨ OD ; atmif x G w f ( &ef u k e f w uú o k d v f )
(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) tyk d i f ; (2) r[mvl o m;uk d arG ; zG m ;jcif ; od'w ¨ o ¦ nf xkt d awG;uk&d vku d o f nf ESihfwpfNyKdifeuf udomtm; twdkif;rodaus;Zl; wifoGm;onf/ olonf vnfwGifqGJxm;aom vnfqGJ&wemukd jAKef;ueJ cRwfvkdufonf/ udomtwGuf vufaqmifyPÖmtjzpf &xm; xdef;tm; ay;ckdif;vkdufonf/ udomonf olrtm; od'¨w¦rif;om; u cspv f ufaqmifay;vku d o f nf[k ,lqonf/ xkdtawG;jzihf w'*Ftat;ukd cHpm;rdonf/ ork',ruif;ao;aom avmuwGif þodkY aom vkd&mqGJíawG;onhftawG;wdkYaMumihf 'k u © yif v ,f a 0cJ h M uonf r [k w f a vm/ ok a '¨ g 'ebk & if B uD ; \tawG ; udomvdk tawG;rSm;olwpfO;D &Syd gao; onf/ crnf;awmf oka'¨g'ebk&ifBuD;jzpf\/ od'¨w¦rif;om; O,smOfawmftwGif;a&muf&Sdae csdefwGif &m[kvmukd zGm;jrifonf/ crnf;awmf BuD;u rif;csif;wpfa,muftm; O,smOfawmfodkY apvTwfum owif;pum;yg;aponf/ owif; pum;avQmufxm;aomtcg od'¨w¦rif;om;\ EIwaf wmfrS rnfoaYkd omrdeMYf um;oH xGuv f monf ukv d nf; jyefvnfoaH wmfO;D wif&ef rSmMum;vdu k f onf/ xkdtcsdefu edrdwfBuD;av;yg;ukd jrif awGU&aom tavmif;awmfjrwf\pdwftpOf
onf oltkd? olem? olao? &[ef;[laom tawG; wdkYjzihf &pfywf½IwfaxG;aecsdefjzpf\/ txl;ojzihf taESmiftzGJUuif;rJhaom &[ef;\ wnfNird f av;eufaom? at;csr;f Nird o f ufaom toGiftjyifukd tm;usum xD;eef;ukdpTefYvTwf &ef? b0 aESmiftdrfukd jzwfawmuf&ef tm;,l aecsdef jzpf\/ xkdtwGif; rif;csif;xHrS rarQmfvifh aom ]]om;awmfuav; zGm;jrifygonfbk&m;}} [k avQmufxm;oHukd Mum;&aomf ol\tawG; rQifwdkY jywfawmufoGm;onf/ awmxGufzkdY ta&;twG u f taES m uf t ,S u f j zpf v myg yaum ]]&m[kZmawm? AE¨eHZmwH}} [laom pum;wpfcGef; EIwfawmfrS vTwfueJxGufoGm; onf/ xkdtaMumif; crnf;awmfbk&ifBuD; Mum;od & aomtcg om;awmf od ' ¨ w ¦ t m; xD ; eef ; taES m if t zG J U jzih f o mru om;wnf ; [l a om taES m if t zG J U jzih f aumif ; aumif ; BuD ; csKyf u k d i f E k d i f N yD [ k xif r S w f v k d u f o nf / xk d t wd w f e d r d w f j zih f zG m ;jrif p ajr;uav; tm; ]]&m[kvm}} [k uifyGef;wyfvkdufonf/ od'¨w¦tm; awmrxGufEkdifatmif csKyfukdif Ek d i f r nf h uav;[l o wnf ; / xkduav;onf od'¨w¦rif;om;tm; csKyfukdifEkdifzkdYa0;pG/ ,aeYnwGifyif xD;eef;rS xGufcGmoGm;awmhrnfukd oka'¨g'ebk&ifBuD; odrSodygavp/
jrwf a omawmxG u f j cif ; od'¨w¦rif;om; eef;awmfodkYjyefvnf a&muf&v dS maomtcg eef;awmfwpfcv k ;Hk xl;xl; jcm;jcm; pnfum;aeayonf/ atmifyGJcH&efjzpf \/ oustarGudk qufcrH nfo h w l pfO;D ukd BuKq d dk &efwnf;/ nOhfOD;,Ha&mufaomtcg eef;awmf wpfcGifvkH; atmifyGJcHMuayonf/ tqkdawmf? tuawmf? twD;awmfwYkd cgwdik ;f xuf pnfum; aeonf/ tm;yg;w& aysmf&TifaeMuonf/ raysmf E k d i f o l r S m od ' ¨ w ¦ j zpf \ / O,smOf a wmf w G i f awG U cJ h & onh f jrif u G i f ; rsm;? ol t k d ? ol e m? ol a o... / ud o mrif ; orD ; \ ed A Á K wmaw;oH / &m[k v mqk d a om taES m if t zG J U uav; .../ þtjrif þtawG ; rsm;onf ½I w f a xG ; ayG v D u m wpf v S n f h p D wpf v S n f h p D ae&m,l a eMuonf / ol o nf azsmf a jzrI ½I c if ; uk d Munh f ½ I & if ; Za0Z0gtawG ; jzih f td y f a ysmf o G m ;onf / nOf h o nf euf í euf í vmonf / tqkd? tu? ta&;? twD; a&tvsOfBuD;onf &yfwo Hh mG ;ayNy/D azsmaf jzcHou l tdyaf rmusomG ; NyD j zpf í azsmf a jzol w d k Y v nf ; BuH K ovk d taetxm;jzihf tem;,lMuNyD/ od ' ¨ w ¦ r if ; om;avsmif ; puf & mrS ½kww f &ufE;dk vmaomtcg nOD;,Hu xGe;f n§cd hJ aom rD;wdkifrsm;rSm rIefjyjyom&Sdawmhonf/ rvif;wpf0uf vif;wpf0if rD;a&mifatmufwiG f tdyaf rmusaeaom azsmaf jzoleef;wGi;f olwrYkd mS ykd;vkd;yufvuf okomefwpyrm/ NiD;vsuf? a[mufvsuf? usD;atmfovdkatmfvsuf/ þjrifuGif;onf od'¨w¦rif;om;tm; wapäo&Jyrm acsmufvSefYvsuf/ olaoaumif awG ypfcsxm;&mokomefESihf rjcm;ygwum;/ od'w ¨ r¦ if;om;onf ted|m½kjH rifuiG ;f uk d ai;armum b0uk d NiD ; aiG U vmonf / pufqw k v f monf/ &G&H mS vmonf/ wpfaeYaom tcgwGif rdrdonfvnf; olwdkYvkdyif w'*F aojcif;? xm0&aojcif;wdkYjzihf ed*kH;csKyf&rSmyg wum;/ þted|m½kw H rYkd ESyd pf ufrD vGwaf jrmuf &m vrf;pukd &SmrDS;&vdrhfrnfwum;/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/ xkdtawG;onf olYtm; oHa,mZOf aESmifBuK;d ukd jzwfawmufEidk af tmif pGr;f tm;ay; vku d o f nf/ olonf cef;rrSxGufcGmvmum qEé trwftm; ac:onf/ u@ujrif;awmfukd uapí xD;eef;rS xGucf mG cJo h nf/ rif;nDrif;om; [l a omtod ? ous[l a omtjrif w k d Y o nf olYtyg;rS xGufcGmoGm;MuNyD/ crnf;awmf oka'¨g'ebk&ifBu;D rdaxG; awmf a*gwrD[al om oHa,mZOfujdk zwfawmuf cJh\/ arG;uif;pom;i,ftm; ayGUykdufí tjypf uif;pGm tdyfarmusaeaom Muif,moufxm; ,aomf"&mtm;vnf; tcef;0rSmyifMunhcf \ hJ / &if a oG ; awmf & m[k v mtm;vnf ; ]]igbk&m;jzpfrS 0vifpGm jyefvnfMunhf½Iawmh rnf}}[k uGt J ufaomESv;Hk om;jzihf pl;pku d Mf unhcf \ hJ / ol \ oH a ,mZOf E S v k H ; om;onf uydv0wfeef;0rSmyif jyKwfususef&pfcJhNyD/ ol\pGefYvTwfjcif;um; BuD;rm;aypG/ ol\jzwfawmufjcif;um; &ufpufaypG/ ol\pGefYvTwfjcif;um; oustEG,f wd k Y u k d o mr[k w f / vl Y a vmuwpf c G i f v k H ; uk d pGefYvTwfjcif;jzpfaypG/ odkYjzpfí olYpGefYvTwfjcif;ukd r[mbd edu©re jrwfaomawmxGufjcif;? ]]BuD;rm;aom pGefYvTwfjcif;}} [k armfuGef;xkd;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/ xkdESpfum; bDpD 573/ xk d t csd e f u m; 0gqk d v jynh f a eY n oef;acgif,H/ OD ; atmif x G w f (&ef u k e f w uú o k d v f ) pmrsuf E S m 9 rS udk oifrif;om;rnfodkYrSwf,loabmusygo enf;? þavmuüwpfOD;aoma,musfm;onf aAm"drif;om;um; qifpD;cRef;udkiftwwfudk wwfodvdrfrm\/ xdkrif;om;\txHü igonf qifpD;cRef;udkiftwwfudk oif,laptHh} [k vma&muf&m\/ txl;ojzihf xdka,musfm; onf ,HkMunfrI (o'¨g)w&m;r&Sdol? a&muf oihaf omt&modYk ra&mufEidk af vmufatmifyif ,HMk unfreI nf;ol/ -tema&m*g ruif;ol? a&mufoihf aom t&modkYra&mufEkdifavmufatmifyif tema&m*gxlajymol/ -[efaqmifwwfol? rm,mrsm;ol? a&mufoihfaomt&modkY ra&mufEkdifavmuf atmifyif [efaqmifwwfol? rm,mrsm;ol/ -xufoefaomvkHUvr&Sdol? a&muf
oihaf omt&modYk ra&mufEidk af vmufatmifyif vkHYv0D&d,nHhzsif; ysif;&dol/ -ynmr&Sdol? a&mufoifhaom t&m odkYra&mufEkdifavmufatmifyif ÓPfynm enf;yg;ol.. jzpfcJhvQif xkda,musfm;onf oif \ txH ü qif p D ; cRef ; uk d i f t wwf u k d wwfov d rd m® atmif oifMum;Ekid yf grnfavm}} [k ar;jref;onf/ ]]bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m; t&Sib f &k m; rdeMYf um;aom t*Fgig;yg;wGif wpfyg; yg;aomt*FgESijfh ynhpf v Hk Qiyf if xkad ,musmf ;onf wynh f a wmf x H ü qif p D ; cRef ; ud k i f t wwf u k d wwfodvdr®matmif oifMum;Ekdifygrnf? t*Fg ig;yg;vkH; jynhfpkHoljzpfygrl tb,fqkdzG,f&m &SdygtHhenf;? {uefyif roifMum;Ekdifygbk&m;}} ]]rif;om; xkdt*Fgig;yg;ESihf jynhfpkHol jzpfu oifMum;ay;Ekdifygrnfavmh}} ]]jrwf p G m bk & m; xd k t *F g ig;yg;wG i f wpfyg;yg;aom t*Fg&SdaomfrS oifMum;Ekdifyg onf/ ig;yg;vHk; jynhfpHkrI&Sdu tb,fqdkzG,f&m &SdygtHhenf;? {uefyif oifMum;ay;Ekdifygonf bk&m;}} ]]rif;om; þtwlyifvQif ur®|mef; tvkyfudk xajrmufatmifjrifatmif vkyfvkdol ü taMumif;w&m; ig;yg;jynhfpHk&ygrnf/ - igbk&m;\ omoemü &[ef;onf bk&m;&Sifonf t&[Htp b*0gtqHk;&Sdaom *kPfawmfudk;yg;ESihf jynhfpHkawmfrlygay\[lí bk&m;&Sif\ t&[wår*fÓPf? oAÁnKwÓPf awmfukd ,HkMunf&jcif;/ - temuif;ol qif;&Juif;oljzpfí rat;vGef;? rylvGef;yJ tv,ftvwfjzpfí ur®|mef;tvkyfudktm;xkwf&ef cHhaom tnD tñTwfusufapwwfaom 0rf;rD;ESihf jynhfpHkol jzpfjcif;/ - [ef a qmif v S n h f y wf j cif ; uif ; oljzpfí bk&m;&SifxHüvnf;aumif;? ynm&Sif oDwif;oH;k azmftxJüvnf;aumif;? trSet f wdik ;f rdrdudk,fudk xifpGmjyKwwfjcif;/ - tukodkvfw&m;wdkYudk y,f&Sm;zdkY&ef ukov kd w f &m;wdu Yk kd jynhpf akH p&ef tm;xkwaf om vHkYv&Sdoljzpfíae\/ tm;tpGrf;&Sd\/ NrJNrHpGm tm;xkwrf &I \ dS / tjypfuif;aom ukov kd w f &m; wdkYü rqkwfepfaom vHkYv(0D&d,)&Sdoljzpf&\/ - ynm&Sdoljzpf\/ pifMu,foefY&Sif; udavomwdkYudk azmufxGif;Ekdifvsuf enf;rSef vrf;us 0¥udavomESpfjzm qif;&Judk ukefcrf; aptyf? jzpfwwfpGmaom ½kyf? emrfwdkY\ tjzpf tysufudk odpGrf;Edkifaom ÓPfynm (O',AÁ
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,ÓPf)ESihf jynhfpHkoljzpf&\/ rif;om; þodkYaom t*Fgig;yg;wdkY onf ur®|mef;w&m;udk xajrmufatmifjrif atmif tm;xk w f v d k o l \ taMumif ; w&m; (y"med,*F)wdkYjzpfukef\/ þt*Fgig;yg;ESihf jynhfpHkaom &[ef; onf bk&m;&Sifwnf;[laom a&SUoGm;acgif; aqmif (qHk;rrnfhol)udk &&SdcJhaomf ckepfESpf umvtwGif;ü t&[wåzdkvfodkY rsufarSmufjyK um csrf;ompGm aeEkdifonf/ rif;om; ckeESpf qdkonfrSm MumvGef;vS\/ þt*Fgig;yg;ESihf jynhfpHkaom &[ef;onf bk&m;&Sifwnf;[laom qHk;rrnfhol a&SUoGm;acgif;aqmifudk &&SdcJhaomf ajcmufESpf? ig;ESpf av;ESpf? oHk;ESpf? wpfESpfrS ckEpS v f ? ajcmufv? ig;v? av;v? oH;k v? ESpv f ? wpfv? v0uf (15) &uf? ckepf&uf? ajcmuf &uf ? ig;&uf ? av;&uf ? oH k ; &uf ? ES p f & uf ? wpf & uf umvtwG i f ; t&[wå r *f u d k rsufarSmuf&um csrf;omEkdif\/ ñT e f ; - r[mAk ' ¨ 0 if u srf ; (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) pmrsuf E S m 8 rS oGm;aomightm;? ygax,sH- c&D;vrf;rS pm;a& &du©monf? b0dówd- jzpfygap? £wd- þodkY? pdaEÅwGm- BuHpnfvsuf? ax&ó- &Sifr[m arm*¾vmefrax&ftm;? arm'aup- rkeaYf jcmuf wkdYukdvnf;aumif;? yged,Oö- a&ukd vnf; aumif;? 'gayod- vSL'gef;vkdufav\}} &S i f r [marm*¾ v mef r ax&f o nf olaX;om;olckd; jrifEkdifonhf oihfavsmf&mae&m wGix f idk u f m uwGwrf ek EYf iS fh a&ukd ok;H aqmifvu dk f avonf/ &Sifr[marm*¾vmef <ujref;oGm;NyD; aemuf NrKdUuGyfESihf tmPmyg;uGufom;wdkYu olaX;om;olcdk;tm; rif;BuD;\trdefYtwkdif; acgif;ukdjzwfí uGyfrsufvdkufMuav\/ olaX; om;ol c k d ; onf t Ek w å & yk n acwå tppf j zpf awmfrlaom t&Sifr[marm*¾vmeftm; rkefYESihf aomuf a &vS L &aomtusKd ; aMumih f aoNyD ; aemuf ewfjynfüjzpfxkdufaomfvnf; aotHh qJqJtcsdefü jynhfwefqmr okvomudkpGJvef; vsuf ]]okvomaMumihf igonf þvSLzG,f0w¦K uk d &cJ h \ }} [k atmif h a rh q if j cif r d o jzih f pdwfonf npfEGrf;cJhaomaMumihf ewfjynfwGif jzpf&rnhftpm; ,kwfaom bkr®pkd;ewfrsKd;ü y#doaE¨,lum anmifyifapmihfbkr®pkd;ewfom jzpfcJh&avawmhonf/ &S i f Ó P (zsmyk H ) usrf;ukd;- (ayw0w¦K? t|uxm)
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/
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u awmf a wmf v S o nf / um;taMumif ; uk d uRefawmfu odyfem;rvnfawmh 'Dum;av;\ trsKd;tpm;ukd rajymjywwf/ rsufaphtjrifrSm awmh EkdifiHjcm;½kyf&Sifrsm;xJwGif awGU&zl;onfh NyKdifum;ykHpHESihfyif awmfawmfwlonf[k xifrd onf/ xku d m;ay:rS acwfrt D jyiftqifrsm; ukd qifjref;xm;aom vli,fo;Hk a,mufqif;vm um a&SUrSabmeyf(pf)zkH;ukdzGihfvsuf tif*sifukd Munhfum olwkdYtcsif;csif; wD;wdk;ajymaeMu onfukd uRefawmfawGUvdkuf&onf/ uRefawmhf pdwfxifum; pufcsKdU,Gif;oGm;wmjzpfEkdifonf/ um;av;\tjyifyef;u opfviG v f yS aomfvnf; tif*sif\csKdU,Gif;csufaMumifh a&SU qufoGm;vdkYr&/ 'DvkdtcsdefrsKd;rSm uRefawmf tawG;xJodkY tbkd;ajymcJhzl;onhf pum;wpfcsKdU u tpDt&D0ifvm&onf/ ]]ighajr; vlrSm tay:,Htjyiftqif vSy½kH? ½kyf&nfacsmarm½kHeJY rNyD;ao;bl;uG? vl wpfa,mufukdMunhf½kHeJY rjrif&wJht&mwpfck &Sdw,f/ tJ'Dt&mu odrfarGUw,f? El;nHhw,f?
&ufpufw,f? Murf;MuKwfw,f? aysmhaysmif; w,f ? tusKd ; taMumif ; wpf c k c k u k d v k d u f N yD ; ajymif;vJwwfw,fu?G tJ'g vlawG&UJ pdwx f m;yJ? tJ'D pdwfxm;av;u aumif;aezkdYvdkw,f? vSaezkdYvkdw,fuG? tJ'DtvSu tay:,HvSyrI xufyNkd y;D vSyw,fu?G tJ.. ESpcf pk vk;H vSae&if awmh twkdif;xuftvGefayghuGm}} 'Dpum;awGu tbkd;EIwfrS Budrfzef rsm;pGm xGuu f sco hJ nhpf um;rsm;yif/ [kwo f nf/ um;wpfpif;tay:,H awmihw f if;vSyBuUH ckid ½f eHk YJ rNy;D ao;? twGi;f ydik ;f u tif*siu f vnf; aumif; aezkv Yd o dk nf/ 'Dvydk J uReaf wmfwv Ydk al wGrmS vnf; tay:,HvyS ½kEH iS rfh Ny;D ao;? twGi;f u pdwx f m; av;awG vSyaezkdY? aumif;aezkdYvkdonf/ 'Dawmh uRefawmfukd uRefawmf jyef qef ; ppf M unh f r d & if ; tqk d ; buf v k a eaom pdwfxm;av;ukd vSvmaumif;vmatmif tm; xkw&f OD;rnf[k awG;rdvu kd u f m rSww f ikd o f Ydk xk;d &yfvmaom vdkif;um;ay: wwfvkdufrdawmh onf/ vif ; jrwf (jref r mpm)
DHAMMA TALKS "r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/
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tyg,fav;yg;rS vGwfatmif apmifhxdef;tyfaom oDv [H o m0wD - OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if vlwdkYapmihfxdef;tyfaom usihf0wfoDvtrsKd;rsKd;&Sdygonf/ Ak'¨ bmom0ifoal wmfwumwdaYk pmihx f ed ;f avh&MdS uaom ig;yg;? &Spyf g;? ud;k yg;? q,fyg;ponfusi0fh wf oDvrsm;ESifh 'kw, d b0wGif tyg,fav;yg;rS rkcs vGwfrnf[k rqdkEkdifaom oDv? ¤if;'kwd,b0wGif tyg,fav;yg;rS 'd| vGwfaomoDv? psmef&oDv? psmefr&oDv? avmuDoDv? avmukwå&m oDvwdkYudk jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mMum;awmfrlygonf/ ,ck azmfjytyfygaom ygVdawmfESihf teuft"dyÜg,fzGihfqdkazmf jycsufpum; t&yf&yfwdkYudk aocsm*epOf;pm;í ½IMunhfawmfrlNyD;vQif ¤if;ygVdawmfteuft"dyÜg,fzGihfqdkazmfjycsuf pum;&yfwdkYudk oabmrrQ b0ifrusawmfrlygu ynm&Sdolawmfaumif;wdkYxH ar;jref;pl;prf;Muí bk&m;a[mw&m;rSefygvQif rdrdwdkYukd,fwGif;ü wdkuf½dkufxdawGUqifjcif jyifqifawmfrlMuapvdkygonf/ [dwz&Parwåmxm;í trsm;yk*¾dKvfwdkY od&ef? usihf&ef? yGm;&ef? a&;om;wifjyylaZmftyfygonf/ yk * ¾ v ynwf ygVd a wmf v m ol a wmf a umif ; yk * ¾ d K vf uwarmp bdu©a0? oyÜK&daom £a"uapöm yk*¾avm? ygPmwdygwm a0&rPd? t'dEém 'gem a0&rPd/ umar ok rdpmä pm&m a0&rPd/ rkom0g'g a0&rPd/ ok&mar&, rZÆyrm'|mem a0&rPd? t,H0kpöwd bdu©a0 oyÜK&daom/ bdu©a0- &[ef;wdkY? oyÜK&daom- olawmfaumif;jzpfaom yk*Kd¾ vo f nf? uwarmp- tb,fonfweYdk nf;? bdua© 0-&[ef;wd?Yk £"om oae- þigbk&m; omoemawmfü? {uapöm-tcsKdUaom? yk*¾avmyk*¾dKvfonf? ygPmwdygwm-ol\toufudk owfjcif;rS? a0&rPda&SmifMuOf\/ t'dEém'gem-ol\ypönf;udk cdk;,ljcif;rS? a0&rPd-a&Smif MuOf\/ umarokrdpämpm&m- ol\ om;r,m;udk usL;vGefypfrSm;jcif;rS? a0&rPd-a&SmifMuOf\/ rkom0g'g-r[kwrf rSeaf om pum;udk ajymqdjk cif;rS a0&rPd - a&S m if M uOf \ / ok & mar&,rZÆ y rm'|mem-rl ; ,pf arhavsmhapwwfaom? ok&mig;yg;? ar&,ig;yg;wdkYudk aomufpm;jcif;rS? a0&rPd=a&SmifMuOf\/bdu©a0-&[ef;wdkY? t,Hyk*¾avm-þyk*¾dKvfonf oyÜK&daom-olawmfaumif;[lí? 0kpöwd=qdktyf\/ ol a wmf a umif ; xuf xl ; aom ol a wmf a umif ; yk * ¾ d K vf uwarmp bdu©a0? oyÜK&dwa&m? £a"uapöm? yk*¾avm twåemp ygPmwdygwm a0&rPd/ y&ÍöygPmwdyg wm a0&rPd,m orm'aywd/ twåemp t'dEé'gem a0&rPd/ y&Íö t'dEém 'gem a0&rPd,m orm'aywd/ twåemp umarok rdpmä pm&m a0&rPd/ y&Íöumarokrpd mä pm&m a0&rPd , m orm'aywd / twå e mp rk o m0g'g a0&rPd / y&Íö r k o m0g,m a0&rPd , m orm'aywd / twåemp ok&m ar&, yZÆ yrm' |mem a0&rPd/ y&Íö ok&mar&, rZÆyrm' |mem a0' rPd,m orm'aywd/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 oyÜK&do wa&m/ bdua© 0=&[ef;wd?Yk oyÜK&o d wa&m=olawmfaumif;xuf txl; ojzihf olawmfaumif;jzpfaom yk*¾dKvfonf? uwarm-tb,fonfwdkY enf;/ bdu©a0- &[ef;wdkY? þ"omoae- þigbk&m; omoemawmfü
{uapöm-tcsKdUaom? yk*¾avm-yk*¾dKvfwdkYonf? twåemp-rdrdukd,füvnf;? ygPmwdygwm-ol\ toufudk owfjcif;rS? a0&rPd=a&SmifMuOf\/ y&Íö-olwpfyg;wdt Yk m;vnf;? ygPmwdygwm-ol\ toufukd owfjcif;rS a0&rPd,m-a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk? orm'aywd-aumif;pGmaqmufwnfap \/ twåemp-rdrdudk,füvnf;? umarokrdpämpm&m-ol\om;r,m;udk usL;vGefjypfrSm;jcif;rS? a0&rPd-a&SmifMuOf\/ y&Íö-olwpfyg;udkvnf;? umarokrdpämpm&m-ol\ om;r,m;udk usL;vGefypfrSm;jcif;rS? a0&rPd ,m-a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk? orm'aywd-aumif;pGmaqmufwnfap\/ twå emp=rdrdudk,füvnf;? rkom0g'g-r[kwfrrSefaom pum;udk qdkjcif;rS a0&rPd-a&SmifMuOf\/ y&Íö-olwpfyg;udkvnf;? rkom0g'g-r[kwfrrSef aompum;udk qdkjcif;rS? a0&rPd,m-a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk? orm'aywdaumif;pGm aqmufwnfap\/ twåemp-rdrdukd,füvnf;? ok&mar&, rZÆyrm'|mem-rl;,pfarhavsmhapwwfaom? ok&mig;yg; ar&,ig;yg;wdkY udk aomufpm;jcif;rS? a0&rPd,m-a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk? orm'aywdaumif;pGmaqmufwnfap\/ bdua© 0-&[ef;wdYk t,Hy*k a¾ vm-þyk*Kd¾ vf onf oyÜK&dowa&m-olawmfaumif;xuf txl;ojzihf olawmfaumif; yk*¾dKvf[lí 0kpöwd-qdktyfownf;/ t"d y Ü g ,f z G i h f q d k a zmf j ycsuf þazmfjycJhygaom oyÜK&dooDvonf tyg,'ku©rS rkcsvGwf rnf[rk qdo k m/ tb,faMumihq f &kd ygaomf 'kp½du k q f ,fyg;wdw Yk iG f 'kp½du k f av;yg;om jynhfpHkí <uif;aom 'kp½dkufajcmufyg; usef&Sdaeao;onfh twGuf jzpfygonf/ oD v ES i h f j ynh f p H k a om uvsmPyk * ¾ d K vf uwarmp bd u © a 0 yk * ¾ a vm uvsmaPm? £"uapö m yk * ¾ a vm? ygPmwd y gwm y#d 0 d & awm a[mwd / t'd E é m 'gem y#d 0 d & awm a[mwd / umarok r d p ä m pm&m y#d0d&awm a[mwd/ rkom0g'g y#d0d& awm a[mwd/ yd o k P 0gpm, y#d 0 d & awma[mwd / z½k o m,0gpm, y#d 0 d & awma[mwd / oræ y vmyg0gpm, y#d 0 d & awm a[mwd / tebd b d Z Ñmvk a [mwd / tAsmyEé m pd a wå m a[mwd/ or®m'd|d a[mwd/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0? t,H yk * ¾ a vm uvsmaPm/ bdua© 0-&[ef;wd?Yk uvsmaPm- oDvESijfh ynhpf akH om? yk*a¾ vmyk*Kd¾ vo f nf? uwarmp=tb,fonfweYkd nf;/ bdua© 0-&[ef;wd?Yk £"om oae-þigbk&m;omoemawmfü? {uapöm-tcsKdUaom? yk*¾avm-yk*¾dKvf onf ? ygPmwd y gwm-ol \ touf u d k owf j cif ; rS ? y#d 0 d & awmtpOfa&SmifMuOfjcif;onf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ t'dEém'gem-ol\ Opömudk cdk;,ljcif;rS? y#d0d&awm-tpOfa&SmifMuOfjcif;onf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ umarokrpd mä pm&m-ol\ om;r,m;udk usL;vGeyf pfrmS ;jcif;rS? y#d0&d awm - tpOfa&SmifMuOfjcif;onf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ rkom0g'g-r[kwfrrSefaom pum;udk ajymqdkjcif;rS? y#d0d&awm-tpOfa&SmifMuOfjcif;onf? a[mwd -jzpf\/ ydokP0gpm,-uHk;wdkufaompum;udk ajymqdkjcif;rS? y#d0d& awm-tpOfa&SmifMuOfjcif;onf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ z½kó0gpm,-trsuf
DHAMMA TALKS
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"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
xGufaompum;udk ajymqdkjcif;rS? y#d0d&awm-tpOfa&SmifMuOfjcif;onf a[mwd-jzpf\/ oræyÜvmyg0gpm,-tESpfom& r&Sd ydefzsif;aom pum; udkajymqdkjcif;rS? y#d0d&awm-tpOfa&SmifMuOfjcif;onf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ tbdZÑm-olwpfyg; pnf;pdrfudk jiLpljcif;rS? y[m,-ywfjcif;onf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ tAsmyEépdawåm-aMumihfMuaom pdwfr&Sdjcif;onf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ or®m'd|d=rdpäm'd|drSy,fjcif;onf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ bdu©a0-&[ef;wdkY? t,Hyk*¾avm-þyk*¾dKvfonf? uvsmaPm-oDvESihf jynhfpHkaom uvsmPyk*¾dKvf[lí? 0kpöwd-qdktyf\/ oD v ES i h f j ynh f p H k o nf x uf txl ; ojzih f jynh f p H k a om yk * ¾ d K vf uwarmpbd u © a 0? yk * ¾ a vm uvsmaPe? uvsmP wa&m? £a"uapöm yk*¾avm? twåemp ygPmwdygwm y#d0d&awm a[mwd/ y&Íö ygPmwdygwm a0&rPd,m orm'aywd / twå e m p t'd E é m 'gem y#d 0 d & awm a[mwd / y&Íö t'd E é ' gem a0&rPd , m orm'aywd / twåemp umarokrdpämpm&m y#d0d&awma[mwd/ y&Íö umarok rd p ä m pm&m a0&rPd , m orm'aywd / twåemp rkom0g'g y#d0d&awm a[mwd? y&Íö rkom0g'g a0&rPd,m orm'aywd/ twåem p ydokPm 0gpm, y#d 0 d & awma[mwd / y&Íö yd o k P m,0gpm, a0&rPd,m orm' aywd/ twåemp z½kom, 0gpm, y#d 0 d & awm a[mwd / y&Íö z½k o m, 0gpm, a0&rPd , m orm'aywd / twå e mp oræ y Ü v myg y#d 0 d & awma[mwd / y&Íö oræ y Ü v my a0&rPd , m orm'aywd / twå e m p tebd Z Ñmvk a [mwd / y&Íö t ebd Z Ñm,orm'aywd / twå e mp tAsmyEé pd a wå m a[mwd / y&Íö tAsmyg'g a0&rPd ,m orm'aywd / twå e mp or® m 'd | d a [mwd / y&Íö o r® m 'd | d , m orm'aywd ? t,H 0k p ö w d bd u © a 0 yk * ¾ a vm uvsmaPe uvsmPwa&m/ bdu©a0-&[ef;wdkY? uvsmaPe uvsmPwa&m- oDvESihf jynhfpHkonfxuf txl;ojzihf oDvESihfjynhfpHkaom? yk*¾dKvfonf? tb,f onfwdkYenf;/ &[ef;wdkY þigbk&m;omoemawmfü tcsKdUaom yk*¾dKvf onf rdrdudk,füvnf; ol\ toufudk owfjcif;rS? tpOfa&SmifMuOf\/ ol w pf y g;ud k v nf ; ? ol \ touf u d k owf j cif ; rS a&S m if M uOf j cif ; ud k aumi;fpGmaqmufwnfap\/ rdrdudk,füuvnf; ol\ ypönf; Opömudk cdk;,ljcif;rS tpOfa&SmifMuOf\/ olwpfyg;udkvnf; olwpfyg;\ ypönf; Opömudk cdk;,ljcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk aumif;pGm aqmufwnfap\/ rdrdudk,füvnf; ol\ om;r,m;udk usL;vGefypfrSm;jcif;rS tpOfa&Smif MuOf\/ olwpfyg;udkvnf; ol\ om;r,m;udk usL;vGefjypfrSm;jcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk aumif;pGmaqmufwnfap\/ rdrdukd,füvnf;? r[kwf rrSefaom pum;udk ajymqdkjcif;rS tpOfa&SmifMuOf\/ olwpfyg;udkvnf; r[kwfrrSefaom pum;udkajymqdkjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk aumif;pGm aqmufwnfap\/ rdrdudk,füvnf; trsufa'goxGufaom pum;udk ajymqdkjcif;rS tpOfa&SmifMuOf\/ olwpfyg;udkvnf; trsufa'goxGuf aom pum;udkajymqdkjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk aumif;pGmaqmufwnfap \/ rdrdudk,füvnf; tESpfom&r&Sd ydefcsif;aom pum;udk ajymqdkjcif;rS tpOfa&SmifMuOf\/ olwpfyg;udv k nf; tESpo f m&r&S?d ydezf si;f aom pum; udk ajymqdjk cif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk aumif;pGmaqmufwnfap\/ rdru d , dk f üvnf; olwpfyg;pnf;pdrfudk jiLpljcif;r&Sdatmif y,f\/ olwpfyg;udk
vnf; olwpfyg; pnf;pdrfudk jiLpljcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk aumif;pGm aqmufwnfap\/ rdrdudk,füvnf; aMumihfMuaom pdwfr&SdatmifjyK \/ olwpfyg;udv k nf; aMumihMf uaom pdwrf S a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk aumif;pGm aqmufwnfap\/ rdrdukd,füvnf; rSm;aom rdpäm'd|dudk y,fypf\/ olwpfyg;udkvnf; rSm;aom rdpäm'd|dudk y,fjcif;rSa&SmifMuOfjcif;udk aumif ; pG m aqmuf w nf a p\/ &[ef ; wd k Y þod k Y a om yk * ¾ d K vf o nf uvsmaPe-uvsmPwa&m-oDvESihfjynhfpHkonfxuf txl;ojzihf oDvESihf jynfhpHkaom uvsmPyk*¾dKvf[k qdktyf\/ tyg,f a b;rS rk c svG w f a jrmuf a om aomwmyef y k * ¾ d K vf þoDvESihfjynhfpHkonfxuf txl;ojzihf oDvESihf jynhfpHkaom uvsmPyk*¾dKvfonf 'kwd,b0ü rkcs tyg,'ku©wnf;[laom tyg,f ab;rS vGwfukef\/ ¤if;\ wwd,b0ukdrl jrwfpGmbk&m;rSomvQif ]tem0&PÓPfawmf} jzihf odEkdifawmfrlrnfjzpfygonf/ ¤if;uvsmP ykxZk Ofy*k Kd¾ vu f kd y&d,wåpd maywGif ]]plVaomwm yefyk*¾dKvf}} [k ac:qdkawmfrlygonf/ rdpäm'd|dudky,fí or®m'd|dudk &&Sd D }? ]t"dpw d }å ? ]t"dynm} onfjzpfír*¾if&Spfyg;ü tusHK;0ifaom ]t"dov jzpfatmif? oDv (50)? ormywf (90) wdkYESihf jynhfpHkrSomvQif aomwm ywdår*fr*fodkY qdkufa&mufEkdifrnfjzpfygonf/ ( ,if;oDv 50? ormywf 90 wkdYESifh pyfvsOf;í qufvufwifjyygrnf)/ opö m av;yg;ud k j rif E k d i f a om r*¾ o r® m 'd | d uvsmPyk*¾dKvfü &&Sdaom orm'd|donf ur®ouwor®m 'd|d[kqdkygonf/ r*¾or®m'd|dr[kwfí opömav;yg;udk rjrifEkdifao;yg/ opömav;yg;udk jrifEdkifaom ]r*¾or®m'd|d} udk rdrdudk,fwdkif ydkifydkif &&Sd atmif or®m orm"dr*¾ifudk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&rnfjzpfygonf/ ¤if;or®morm"dr*¾ifonf tNcHt&HESihf jynhfpHkrSomvQif or®m orm"dr*¾ifjzpfEkdifygonf/ ¤if;orm"dr*¾if\ tNcHt&HqdkonfrSmum; oDv udk qdkvdkygonf/ Oyrmtm;jzihf oDvqdkonf NcHpnf;½dk;ESifhwl\/ orm"donf ajrESihfwl\/ ynmonf rdrdtvdk&Sdaom opfyifESihfwl\/ ¤if;opfyifBuD; yGm;rSomvQif tusdK;cHpm;&rnfjzpfygonf/ ynmud k tvd k & S d a wmf r l M uuk e f a om yk * ¾ d K vf r sm;twG u f xdaYk Mumifh ynmudk tvd&k MdS uukeaf omyk*Kd¾ vw f o Ykd nf oDvwnf; [laom NcHpnf;½dk;udk a&S;OD;pGmjzpfap&ygrnf/ ¤if;oDvonf psmeform ywfESifhjynhfpHkaom oDv? psmeformywfESihfrjynhfpHkaomoDv[lí ESpfrsdK; &Syd gonf/ psmeformywfEiS rfh jynfph akH om oDvqdo k nfrmS um; txufu jyqdkcJhaom uvsmPoDvudk qdkygonf/ psmeformywfESifhjynhfpHkaom oDvrSm avmukwå&moDvudkqdkygonf/ xdkavmukwå&moDvudk odMu? usihfMu? yGm;rsm;EdkifMu&eftwGuf y#dorÇD'gr*fygVdawmfvm psmef&oDv w&m;udk wpfvHk;csif;? wpfaMumif;csif;? wpfydk'fcsif; cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmí jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siaf [mMum;awmfral om ygVdawmfrsm;udk a&;om;ylaZmfvykd g onf/ y#d o rÇ d ' gr*f y gVd a wmf v m oD v w&m;rsm; yÍöoDvmed ygPmwdygwó y[meHoDvH? a0&rPdoDvH? apwemoDvH? oH0a&moDvH? t0dwduúarmoDv/ {0½lygedoDvmed pdwåó? t0dyÜ#dom&m, oH0wåEÅd/ ygrkZÆm,s oH0wåEÅd? yDwd,m oH0wåEÅd? yó'¨d,m oH0wåEÅd? aomreóm, oH0wåEÅd? tmao0 em, oH 0 wå E Å d ? bm0em, oH 0 wå E Å d ? A[k v D u r® m , oH 0 wå E Å d ? tvuFm&m,oH0wåEÅd? y&du©m&m, oH0wåEÅd? y&d0g&m, oH0wå EÅ d ? y&d y l & d , moH 0 wå E Å d /
COVER FEATURE "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ {uEÅmedAÁd'g,? 0d&m*g,? eda&m"m,? Oyorm,? tbd nm,? oarÁ m "m,? ed A Á m em, oH 0 wå E Å d / {0½lygeH oDvmeH? oH0&yg&dok'¨d (t"doDvH)? oH0&yg&d ok'¨d,m|dwH pdwåH? e0dau©y*päwd? t0dau©y yg&dok'¨d? (t"dpdwåH) oH 0 &yg&d o k ' ¨ d ? or® m yówd ? t0d a u© y yg&d o k ' ¨ d ? or® m yówd ? 'óeyg&dok'¨d (t"dynm) a,m ww¬oH0&a|m (t,Ht"doDv odu©m)? a,mww¬t0dau©ya|m (t,Ht"dpdwåodu©m)? a,mww¬ 'óea|m (t,H t "d y nmod u © m )? £rmwd a óm od u © m a,m? tm0ZÆaEÅm odu©wd? ZmeaEÅmodu©wd? ypöa0u©aEÅmodu©wd? pdwåH t"d X [aEÅ o d u © w d ? o'¨ g ,t"d r k p ö a EÅ m od u © w d / 0D & d , H y*¾PSaEÅmodu©wd/ owd HOy|yaEÅm odu©wd/ pdwåHorm'[aEÅm odu©wd/ ynm, yZmeaEÅm odu©wd/ tbd H an,sH tbdZmeaEÅm od u © w d / y&d a n,sH y &d Z meaEÅ m od u © w d / y[mwAÁ H y Z[aEÅ m od u © w d / opä d u mwAÁ H opä d u a&maEÅ m od u © w d ? bma0wAÁ H bma0aEÅ m od u © w d / oD v (50) jzpf y H k a zmf j ycsuf £rmed yÍöoDvmed t'dEém'geó? umarokrdpämpm&ó? rk o m0g'ó? yd o k P m, 0gpm,? z½k o m, 0gpm,? oræ y Ü v m vmyó? tbd Z Ñm,? Asmyg'ó? rd p ä m 'd | d , m/ / txufu azmfjycJhonhftwkdif; 'kp½dkufwpfyg;wpfyg;rSm? yÍö oDvmedt'dEém'geó y[meHoDvH/ a0&rPdoDvH/ apwemoDvH? oH0a&moDv?H t"dwu d aú rmoDv?H ¤if;ig;yg;wdu Yk kd qufíqufí 'kp½du k f (10) yg;vH;k ? ¤if;ygVdawmfvmtwkid ;f wpfyg;pDwpfyg;pD,al v/ oDvaygif; (50) jzpfygonf/ aeu© a reumr qE´ ó ? tAsmyga'eAsmyg'ó/ tmavmuonm, xderd'¨ó? t0dau©aye O'¨pöó? "r®m0w¬m aee 0d p d u d p ä m ,? nmaPe t"d Z Æ m ,? ygrk a ZÆ e t&wd , m/ yxare psmaee eD0&PmeH? 'kwDa,e psmaee? 0dwuú 0D p m&meH / wwD a ,e psmaee? yD w d , m/ pwk a w¬ e psmaee ok c 'k u © e H ? tmumom eÍö m ,we ormywå d , / y#d C onm,/ emewåonm,? 0dnmPÍöm,we ormywåd,m? tmumomeÍöm ,we onm,? tmud Í ö n m,we ormywå d , m? 0d n mPÍö m ,we onm,? ae0onm emonm,we ormywå d , m/ tmud Í ö n m,we on,/ tedpöm Ekyóem, edpöonm,? 'ku©mEkyóem, okc onm,? tewå m Ek y óem, twå o nm,/ ed A Á d ' gEk y óem, eE´ D , m/ 0d & m*g Ek y óem,&m*ó/ ed a &m"mEk y óem, ork ' ,ó/ y#d e d ó *¾ g Ek y óem, tm'geó/ c,mEkyóem, Ceonm,/ 0,mEkyóem, tm,k[eó/ 0d y &d P mrEk y óem , "k 0 onm,/ ted r d w å m Ek y óem, ed r d w å ó / tyPd [ d w m Ek y óem, yPd " m,/ ok n mwm Ek y óem, tbd e d a 0oó/ t"d y nm"r® 0d y óem, o&m*gbd e d a 0oó/ ,xmbl w nmP 'óaee oarÁ m [mbd ed a 0oó/ tm'D e 0g Ek y óem,? tmv,m bd e d a 0oó/ y#d o cF g Ek y óem,? tyÜ # d o cF g Ek y óem,/ 0d 0 ¥emEk y óem, oanm*gbd e d a 0oó/ aomwmywå d r a*¾ e 'd a |u|meH ud a vomeH / ou'g*grd ra*¾ e MoVm&d u meH / ud a vomeH / tem*grd ra*¾ e tEk o [*wmeH ud a vomeH / t&[wå ra*¾ e oAÁ u d a vomeH / /
15
teuf t "d y Ü m ,f z G i f h q d k a zmf j ycsuf yÍöoDvmed- ig;yg;aomoDvwdkYonf? uwar- tb,fonf wdkYenf;/ ygPmwd- ol\toufudk? ygwó- y,fvdkaomolonf? y[meHoDvH- tukodkvf\taMumif;&if;jzpfaom avmb? a'go? arm[? rme? 'd|d[kqdktyfaom? yyÍ yyÍö- w&m;ig;yg;wdkYudk y,f&jcif;onf vnf;aumif;? a0&rPd o D v H - tawGUudka&Smif&jcif;vnf;aumif;? apwemoDvH- ax,sapwem? 0ruapwem? cdk;,lvdkaomtBuH? owfvakd omtBuw H u Ykd rkd jzpfatmif apmifah &Smuf&jcif;onfvnf;aumif;? t0DwduúarmoDvH- n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufjcif;udkrjzpfatmif apmifha&Smuf& jcif;onfvnf;aumif;? oH0a&moDvH- a&SUuajymcJhonhfoDvav;csuf udk rysufatmif apmifha&Smuf&jcif;onfvnf;aumif;? {0½lyged- þodkY qdktyfcJhNyD;aom? oDvmed- ig;yg;aom oDvwdkYudk? pdwåó- pdwf\? t0dyÜ#dom&m,- tpOfrazmufrjyefapjcif;iSm? oH0wåEÅd- apmifha&Smuf ukef\/ ygrkZÆm,- 0rf;ajrmufjcif;odkY? oH0wåEÅd- jzpfukef\/ yó'¨d ,m- udk,fpdwfESpfyg;\Nidrf;csrf;jcif;onf? oH0wåEÅd- jzpfukef\/ aomreóm,- om,mjcif ; aomreóa0'emonf ? oH0wåEÅd- jzpfukef\/ tmao0em,- ukodkvfw&m;ESihfjynfhpHkonf? oH0wåEÅd- jzpfukef\/ bm0em,- yGm;rsm;jcif;onf? oH0wåEÅd- jzpfukef \/ Am[k v D u r® m ,- xyf c gxyf c gtm;xk w f j cif ; onf ? oH 0 wå E Å d jzpfukef\/ y#doaE¨ajymif;vTJjcif;r&Sdonf? oH0wåEÅd- jzpfukef \/ y&du©m&m,- Oyg'gefudk qHk;jzwfjcif;onf? oH0wåEÅd- jzpfukef\/ y&d0g&m,- tpOfvHkYvjyKjcif;onf? oH0wåEÅd- jzpfukef\/ {uE´edAÁd'g,- pifppfNiD;aiGUaomolonf? 0d&m*g,- &m* uif;jcif;onfvnf;aumif;? eda&m"m,? &m*csKyfjcif;onfvnf;aumif;? Oyorm,- ajzmihfrSefjcif;udk? tbdnm,- xl;aomÓPfjzihfodjcif; onfvnf;aumif;? oaAÁm'g,- opömav;yg;udk jynfhpHkpGmjrifjcif;onf vnf;aumif;? wó- xdo k pömav;yg;udjk rifí usiNfh y;D aomolonf? edAÁm em,- edAÁmefcsrf;omudk? oH0wåEÅd- jynfhpHkav\/ azmf j yygoD v wd k Y u d k aumif ; pG m apmif h a &S m uf j cif ; {0H½lygeH- þodkYqdktyfcJhNyD;aom? oDvmeH oDvtaygif;wdkYudk? oH 0 &yg&d o k ' ¨ d - apmifha&Smufjcif;? pifMu,fonf\ tjzpfaMumifh? t"doDvH (t"doDv) rnfay\/ oD0&yg&dok'¨d- þodkYapmifha&SmufcJhonfhtwkdif;? ,m|dwH pdwåH- tMuifpdwfonf? e 0dau©yH- jyefYvGifhjcif;r&Sdonf? *pä w d tpOftwkdif;oGm;ap\/ t0dau©yyg&dok'¨d- tukodkvfpdwfrS pifMu,f í wnfMunfaompdwfudk? t"dpdwåH (t"dpdwå) rnfav\/ oH0&yg&dok'¨d- tjypfrSpifMu,fatmif apmifha&Smufjcif;udk? or®myówd- aumif;pGm½Ijrif\/ t0dau©y yg&dok'¨d or®myódwdþodkYtjypfrSpifMu,fí wnfMunfaompdwfudk ½Ijrifjcif;onf? 'óe yg&dok'¨d- tjrifpifMu,fonf\tjzpfaMumifh? t"dynm (t"dynm) rnfay\/ a,mww¬ oH0&a|m- tMuifapmifha&SmufcJhaom? t,HþoDvonf? t"doDvodu©m (t"doDvodu©m) rnf\/ a,mww¬t0dau©ya|m- tMuifwnfMunfcJhaom? t,Hþpdwfonf? t"dpdwåodu©m (t"dpdwåodu©m) rnf\/ a,mww¬'óea|m- tMuifjriftyfaomynmonf? t,Hþynmudk? t"dynmodu©m (t"dynmodu©m) rnfav\/ pmrsuf E S m 28 ok d Y
COVER FEATURE
16
"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/ rsuf E S m zk H ; rS t quf
yxrqH k ; tBud r f &S d c d k ; jcif ; oka'¨g'erif;BuD;onf ¤if;udk;uG,faom a'0v&aohtm; EkdYpdkY t&G,fom;awmfuav; (tavmif;awmf)udk ayGUydkufxm;&mrS &Sdcdk;&ef ñTefjyay;aomtcg om;awmfuav;\ ajcawmftpHkonf a'0v&aoh \ OD;acgif;qHuspfay:odkY a&mufoGm;av\/ xdktcg a'0v &aohonf om;awmfuav;\ ajcudk vuftkyfcsDrdk; OD;ñTwfvQdK;í &Sdcdk;uefawmh av\/ zcrnf;awmf oka'¨g'erif;BuD;onf tvGeftHhMozG,ftjcif; t&mudkjrif&í om;awmfuav;um; psmefysH&aoh&[ef;wdkYuyif &Sdcdk; OD;ñGwf&aom om;awmfygwum;[k tvGefvsifav;jrwfMunfndKonf jzpfí tavmif;awmfjrwfom;awmfuav;udk yxrqH;k tBurd f vuftyk f csDrdk; OD;ñTwfusKd;í &Sdcdk;uefawmhavownf;/ 'k w d , tBud r f & S d c d k ; jcif ; oka'¨g'erif;Bu;D onf v,fxeG rf *FvmyGJ qifEu JT si;f yaom tcg om;awmfav;udk anmifyif&dyf tdyf,mxufü odyfxm;cJh\/ om;awmf av;onf uav;yDyD tdyfpufraebJ xuf0,fzGJUacG xdkifaeawmfrlí tmemyge yxrpsmefudk &&Sd0ifpm;aeawmfrlonf/ tjcm;aom opfyifwdkY\ t&dyfonf aeodkYvdkufí ajymif;a&TU wnfaeaomfvnf; om;awmfav;ae&m oajyyif&yd u f m; xD;aqmif;xm; ouJhodkY rajymif;ra&TU wnhfrwfpGm wnfaeav\/ txdef;awmfwdkYonf opfyif&dyfwnfaeyHk/ om;awmfuav; xuf0,fzGJUacGxdkifí psmeformywf0ifpm;aeyHkrsm;udk awGUjrifMu&ojzihf xdktaMumif;rsm;udk rif;BuD;tm; avQmufxm;Muukef\/ rif;BuD;onfvnf; tHhMobeef; vGefxl;qef;aom jzpf&yfrsm; udk udk,fwdkifawGUjrif&onfjzpfí ]ig\ om;awmfum; xl;jcm;jrihfjrwf aom yk*Kd¾ vaf ywum;} [k tvGeaf v;jrwfMunfnKd onfjzpfí tavmif; awmfrif;jrwf om;awmfuav;udk rif;BuD;onf 'kwd,tBudrftjzpf vuftkyfcsDrdk; OD;ñTwfusKd;í &Sdcdk;uefawmhavonf/ wwd , tBud r f & S d c d k ; jcif ; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf bk&m;jzpfawmfrlNyD;í r[mouú&mZf 104 ckESpf uqkefvjynhfaeYü uydv0wfaejynfawmfodkY <uvmawmfrl\/ omuD0ifrif;wdkYum; vGefpGmrmeBuD;olrsm;jzpfMuí rdrdwdkY\ ajr;jrpf wlom; nDi,frQomjzpfaom Ak'¨jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifudk vuftkyfcsDrdk; &Sdcdk; jcif;iSm tvdkr&SdMuukef/ Ak'¨jrwfpGmxuf i,f&G,fukefaom omuD0ifrif;om; rif;orD; i,fwdkYudk a&SUuxm;NyD; &Sdcdk;Muapukef\/ vlBuD;ydkif;u aemufrSaeí &Sdrcdk;bJ cdkuyfíaeMuav\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf txufaumif;uifodkY wuf<uí omuD0ifrif;BuD;wdkY\ OD;acgif;ay:odkY ajcawmftpHkrS jrLrIefrsm;udk zGm; zGm;usapvsuf? a&tpHkrD;tpHk wefcdk;jym#d[mudkjyawmfrl\/ xdu k o hJ Ykd jrwfpmG bk&m;&Si\ f tHMh obeef; xl;jcm;qef;Mu,faom bke;f wefc;kd awmfwu Ykd kd awGUjrifMu&aomtcg omuD0ifrif;Bu;D i,ftm;vH;k wdkYonf pk½Hk;nDnm o'¨gNzdK;NzdK; &Sdcdk;Muavukef\/ oka'¨g'erif;Bu;D onfvnf; omuD0ifrif; &S&d o dS rQwYkd &Scd ;kd OD;ñTwf Muonfukd tHMh opGmawGUjrif&aomaMumihf ]ig\ om;awmfonfum; þrQ bkef;awmf wefcdk;awmfwdkYESihf jynhfpHkawmfrlaom ous&mZm"d&mZm r[m "r® & mZf w&m;rif ; tppf B uD ; jzpf a wmf r l y gaypG w um;} [k tm;& MunfEl;pGmjzihf om;awmfjrwf Ak'¨&SifawmfjrwfpGmtm; wwd,Budrftjzpf
xl;xl;uJuJ ñGwfwGm;½dkusKd;&Sdcdk;uefawmhavownf;/ þonfwkdYum; jrwfpGmbk&m;&Siftm; zcrnf;awmfoka'¨g'e rif;BuD;\ xl;jcm;aom &Sdcdk;jcif; oHk;BudrfjzpfyHkyifwnf;/ aomwmyef ? ou'g*grf ? tem*grf j zpf & m oH k ; Xme crnf;awmf oka'¨g'erif;BuD; aomwmyef? ou'g*grfjzpf&m taMumif;tcsufoHk;XmewdkYudk qufvufazmfjyvdkygonf/ yxraomwmyef j zpf y H k jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif uydv0wfaejynfawmfodkY a&mufí oHCm awmftyg; ESpfaomif;NcH&Hum oydwfudk vufü ayGUydkufvsuf tdrfpOf &yfí qGr;f cH<uawmfr\ l / oka'¨g'e rif;Bu;D onf xdt k aMumif;udk Mum;od &ojzihf vGefpGm&SufpEdk;vS&um;? om;bk&m;txHawmfodkY tvsiftjref oGm;a&mufí avhvmMunhf½Iavonf/ ]]om;awmf tb,faMumihf tdrfpOf&yfí qGrf;awmif;cH&ygo enf;? tvGefedrfhus&SufzG,f&m trIudk tb,faMumihf jyKvkyf&ygoenf;}} ]]rif;BuD; þqGrf;cHusihf0wfum; igwkdY\ tEG,ftpOftvm "r®wmjzpfw,f}} ]]om;awmf b k & m; tuREf k y f w d k Y \ oustrsKd ; tEG , f ü þoabmwHwGm "r®wmr&Sdyguvm;}} ]]rif;BuD; igwkdY\ tEG,fqdkonfrSm Ak'¨0Hoac: Ak'¨tEG,fawmf udk qdkvdkayonf/ Ak'¨EG,f0if **Fg0gVKoJpkru yGihfawmfrlMuukefaom bk&m;&SifwdkYonf qGrf;cHusihf0wfudk tNrJusihfoHk;Muukef\}} Owd å a | eyÜ r aZÆ , s? "r® o k p &d w H pa&/ "r® m pm&D ok c H a owd ? tod ® H a vmau y&rS d p / Ak'¨jrwfpGmbk&m;onf Ak'¨EG,fawmfpOf\ tpOftvm rysuf wnf&Sdvmaom r[mOwdå| usihf0wfudk zGihfvSpfí a[mMum;awmfrl\/ ]]crnf;awmf rif;BuD; &[ef;jzpfaom olonf 'g,um? 'g,d umrwdkY\ tdrfpOfwHcg;00,f oyÜg,fpGm&yfí &tyfaomqGrf;ü (0g) qGrf;cHusihf0wfü rarhravsmh&m? taeoe 21 yg;? tma*gp&|me 6 yg;wdrYk S uif;í oef&Y iS ;f aumif;rGepf mG usit fh yfaom qGr;f cHvn S v fh nfjcif; usihf0wfudk usihf&m\/ þodkY qGrf;cHusihf0wfudk tNrJusihfvsuf &Sdaom &[ef;onf ,ckb0üvnf;aumif;? aemufb0üvnf;aumif;? ud, k pf w d f ESpfjzm csrf;ompGmaexdkif&av\/ þa'oemawmf\ tqH;k ü oka'¨g'erif;Bu;D onf aomwmywdå zdkvfüwnfav\/ r*fzdkvf[lonf 0dyóemESihf ruif;aomaMumihf rif;Bu;D onf þa'oemawmftqH;k ü oihaf vsmaf om 0dyóemÓPfNy;D rS aomwmywdår*fzdkvfodkY a&mufavonf/ om;awmfbk&m;onf twkr&Sdaom Ak'¨tEG,fodkY ouf0ifoGm; avNyDwum;/ Ak'¨tEG,fawmfwkdY\ vufoHk;usihf0wf qGrf;cHjcif;udk ,ck jyKusihfavNyDwum;/ þodkYusihf&mü avmuDvlom;wdkY\ &SufEdk;jcif;udk tav;*&krjyK? rmefrmeaxmifvTm;rIudk csKd;ESdrfvdkufayNyDwum;[lonfh tvGeftrif; tHhMojcif;MunfndKjcif;? ESpfoufjcif;? MunfEl;jcif;pdwfrsm; jzpfay:vmav\/ xdkjzpfay:vmaom pdwfwdkYudk ½Ijrifvsuf? xdkpdwfwdkY\ jzpfysuf jcif;oabmwdkYudkvnf; awGUjrifae&avawmh\/ þodkY awGUjrifjcif;um; ypöKyÜefpdwf\ jzpfjcif;? ysufjcif;? tedpötcsufwdkYudk jrifjcif;jzpfavonf/ xdt k edpt ö csuu f jkd rifaom 0dyóem yÍö*u Ø r*fonf oka'¨g'erif;Bu;D \ pdwftpOfudk edAÁmefodkY ydkYaqmifí aomwmywdår*fzdkvfodkY qkdufapa&muf apav\/ þonfum; oka'¨g'erif;Bu;D yxrqH;k aomwmywdrå *fzv kd o f Ykd
COVER FEATURE "r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/
17
qGrf;cHusihf0wfjzihf? rdrd\ aetdrfwHcg;0odkY a&mufvmaom qdkufa&mufyHkjzpfavonf/ yd@ygwfqGrf;cHyk*¾dKvfwdkYonf qGrf;avmif;tdrf&SifwdkYtm; aeYpOf aeYpOf 'k w d , ou'g*grd r *f z d k v f o d k Y qd k u f a &muf y H k Ak'&¨ iS af wmfjrwfb&k m;onf txufazmfjyyga'oem*gxmawmf tojymwpfaxmif wpfaxmif vma&mufay;onfESihf wlonf[k rdefYqdk udk qGrf;cHvSnhfvnfawmfrl&mvrf;rü &yfawmfrlvsuf a[mMum;awmfrl awmfrlonf/ onf/ xdaYk emuf crnf;awmf oka'¨g'erif;Bu;D yihaf vQmufcsut f & &[EÅm ]qG r f ; cH u sih f 0 wf tNrJ ñ G w f u } qGrf;cHusihf0wf? tNrJñGwfí? wkvGwfpHuif;? qGrf;cHjcif;jzihf? ESpfaomif;NcH&Hvsuf uydv0wfjynf a&Teef;awmfBuD;odkY <ua&mufawmfrl &GmwGif;vrf;r? tdrfa&SUrSvQif? <uvmaywwf? oHCmjrwftm;? oihftyf av\/ a&Teef;awmfBuD;ay:odkY jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifa&muf&Sdawmfrlaom vSpmG ? qGr;f [if;vsmESi?fh &omcsKcd sO?f qGr;f abmZOfu?kd aeYpOf'ge? 0wfxm; tcg omuD0ifrif;y&dowfwdkY\ tv,fü,cifa[mMum;awmfrlaom Muvsuf? avmif;& vSL&? axmufyHh&onfh? edpö'ge? tNrJ&\? 0PÖtm,k? qGrf;cHusihf0wfESihf pyfí? 'kwd,*gxmawmfudk qufvufa[mMum;awmf okcAv? y#dbme? yÍötusKd;? zGHUzGHUNzdK;ojzihf? aumif;usKd;&SnfpGm? oHo &m0,f? vlY&Gmxyfxyf? ewf&yfwefwef? tusKd;oefojzihf oHCmawmf rlonf/ jrwf? qGrf;vm&yfu? usyfaiGtojym? wpfaxmifvmí jzefYuma0iS? "r® H p a& ok p &d w H ? e eH 'k p ö & d w H pa&/ ay;vmMu[k? qdk&pEdk;? O'gef;xdk;onf"r® m pm&D ok c H a owd ? tod ® H a vmau y&rS d p / Ä awGUusKd;eyfpGm =omoemwnf;/ ]]crnf;awmf rif;BuD;/ taeoe 21 yg;? tma*gp&|me 6 Ä a&mufusKd;eyfpGm =vlYbHkwnf;/ yg;rS uif;í oefY&Sif;aumif;rGefpGmusihftyfaom qGrf;cH0wfudk usihf&\/ Ä &usKd;eyfpGm =igYb0wnf;/ xdkqGrf;cHtusihfudk taeoe 21 yg;? tma*gp&Xme 6 yg;wdkYrS ruif;rl í roefY&Sif; rpifMu,f rwihfw,fawmif; raumif;ojzihf rjyKusihf&m wwd , tem*grf tjzpf a &muf & S d j cif ; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf uydv0wfaejynfawmf edaj*m"m½Hkausmif; (qGrf;cH0wfudk w&m;ojzihf aumif;pGmusihfyg/ rw&m;ojzihf raumif;pGm rjyKusihf&m)/ þodkY taeoe 21 yg;? tma*gp&Xme 6 yg;rS uif;í opfü oDwif;oH;k awmfrpl Of qGr;f cH<uvm&mrS a&Teef;awmfBu;D odYk <uawmf oef&Y iS ;f aumif;rGepf mG usit fh yfaom qGr;f cHusi0fh wfukd jyKusiafh vh&adS om rlavh&Sdonf/ wpfaeYaomtcg oka'¨g'erif;BuD;onf Ak'¨jrwfpGm O½ka0v &[ef;onf ,ckb0üvnf;aumif;? aemifb0üvnf;aumif;? csrf;om awmü 'kuú&p&d,m usihfawmfrlpOf tcgu awGUBuHK&aom taMumif; pGm aexdkif&av\/}} þw&m;a'oem 'kwd,*gxm tqHk;ü oka'¨g'erif;BuD;onf rsm;ESihf pyfí jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; avQmufxm;ar;jref;av\/ ]]om;awmf j rwf p G m bk & m; t&S i f b k & m;onf 'k u ú & p&d , m ou'g*grdr*fzdkvfü? rdaxG;awmf a*gwrDonf aomwmywdår*fzdkvfü wnfMuavonf/ þonfum; oka'¨g'erif;BuD; 'kwd,ajrmuf ou'g usih f a wmf r l p Of ? om;awmf \ tajctaeud k ewf w d k Y u rMumcP vma&mufajymMum;Muygonf/ wynhaf wmfonf om;awmfjrwfb&k m;\ *grdr*fzdkvfwnfyHktaMumif;jzpfayonf/ usef;rma&;tajctae? w&m;usihfoHk;jcif; tajctaewdkYudk od&Sdae&yg ,ck b 0aemif b 0twG u f qG r f ; cH u sih f 0 wf t usKd ; þ*gxmjzihf &[ef;wdkY\ Owdå|qGrf;cHusihf0wfudk rarhtyf onf/}} ]]wpfcsdefwGif ewfom;wpfa,muf vma&mufí xl;qef;pGm aMumif;? aumif;rGefoefY&Sif;pGmusihf&aMumif;? raumif;ojzihf rusifh f eG f &aMumif;/ qGrf;cHusihf0wfNrJygu ,ckb0 aemifb0wdkYü csrf;om ajymMum;ygonf/ om;awmfjrwf bk&m;onf O½ka0vawmBu;D ü uG,v pGmaexdkif&aMumif;udkjyojzihf bk&m;yapöuAk'¨g? t*¾om0u? r[mom oGm;NyDjzpfaMumif; ajymygonf/ crnf;awmfvnf; xdkewfom; ajymaom 0u? &[EÅmt&d,mwdik ;f wdEYk iS fh oufqikd af om qGr;f cHusi0fh wfukd jyqdjk cif; pum;udk r,HkMunfcJhyg}} ]]om;awmfjrwf&[ef;onf oAÁnKbk&m;tjzpfodkY ra&muf&SdyJ udpöjzpfavonf/ þ*gxmawmfü ]tod® H avmau okcH aowd} yk'fjzihf bk&m;? rnfonfhenf;ESihfrQ ruG,fvGefEkdifyg/ om;awmfjrwf&[ef;onf oAÁnK yapöuAk'¨g? &[EÅmwdkYESihf oufqdkifaom tusKd;udkjy\/ ]]to®d Havmau bk&m;pifppf {uefjzpfygrnfom? igonf ewfom;ajymaom pum;udk y&rSpd }} yk'jf zihf aou©t&d,m? ykxZk Of &[ef;&aoh y&dAZkd w f EYkd iS fh oufqikd f tvsOf;r,HkMunfyg bk&m;}} [k avQmufxm;avonf/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;ocifonf crnf;awmf oka'¨g'erif;BuD; aom qGrf;cHusihf0wftusKd;udkjyavonf/ tm; þuJhodkY jyefvnfrdefYMum;awmfrlonf/ t&d , mwd k Y \ tjrwf q H k ; aom touf a rG ; jcif ; ]]crnf;awmfrif;Bu;D oifrif;Bu;D onf owdynm vGepf mG jynh0f þqGrf;cHusihf0wfonfk m;bd/ owdynm Eke,faom a&S;twdwb f 0wke;f (1) t&d , m y&d a ,oe = t&d,mwdkY\ &SmrSD;jcif; (0g) jrwfaom aom ,ckb0udk rqdx uvnf; toif\om; "r®ygvvkvifaoqH;k oGm;avNy/D þt½d;k rsm;onf tm[m&&SmrSD;jcif;jzpf/ ol\ t½dk;rsm;aywnf;[k rD;zkwfxm;aom qdwf½dk;rsm;udk oufao (2) te0ZÆ y d @ y&d a ,oe = tjypfr&Sdaom qGrf;&SmrSD;jcif;/ (3) twd0dod| or®mtmZD0 = aumif;aomtoufarG;jcif;? tjrwfqHk; tjzpf jyum ajymqdkvmaom 'domygarmu©q&mBuD;\ pum;udkyif tuREykf w f \ Ykd "r®ygvtrsK;d ü touft&G,f i,fpOftcgwGif aoqH;k jcif; aom toufarG;jcif;jzpfonf/ bk&m;? yapöuAk'g¨ ? &[EÅm t&d,m? &[ef;oHCmwd\ Yk oufq;kH rnfonf tvsOf;r&Sd[k ajymqdkum r,HkMunfcJhay/ ,ck owdynm wdkif usihf0wfawmfBuD;jzpfonf/ xdkusihf0wfawmfBuD;twGuf avmif;vSL vGepf mG jynh0f aom ypdrä b0üum; oifcrnf;awmfrif;Bu;D onf tb,foYkd Mu&aom yk*¾dKvf? t,kwf? tvwf? tjrwfwdkYonf wef;wlnDwl ukodkvf vQif ,HkMunfygawmhrnfenf;}} [k rdefYawmfrlum r[m"r®ygvZmwfudk tusKd;tcGihfudk &&SdMuukef\/ pmrsuf E S m 18 ok d Y
THE APPLICATIONS AND MEANINGS OF THE DHAMMA
18
"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/
aemuf a usmzk H ; rS axmif ? od k Y r [k w f ajrmuf j rm;pG m aomqif ; &J j cif ; 'k u © w &m;wd k Y u d k usO;f ajrmif;oGm;atmif csKUH ypfEikd Mf uzd&Yk mtwGuf obm0ed,mrtavsmuf jzpfay:BuHKawGUae&aom auseyfvufcHEdkifp&mvnf;raumif;aom tajccHjyóemrsm;utp? avsmhyg;aysmufuG,foGm;onftxd BudK;yrf; azmfaqmifoGm;EdkifMuap&ef rdefYqdkñTefjyawmfrlygonf/ xd k u J h o d k Y auseyf v uf c H E d k i f p &mraumif ; aomtjzpf r sm;? odkYr[kwf qif;&Jjcif;'ku©w&m;rsm;? tb,faMumihfjzpfay:BuHKawGUaeMu &ygoenf;qdyk gaomf b0qdo k nfrmS tNrw J rf; auseyfEpS Nf cKd upf &mjynh0f aeaomjzpfpOfBuD;wpf&yfr[kwfaomaMumifhjzpfygonf/ urÇmay:&Sd bmomw&m;trsm;u xdkjyóemESihfpyfí t"duñTef;qdkazmfjyMuonf rSm vlonf aoNyD;onf\aemufü jzpfay:cHpm;pHpm;&rnhf t*¾bHkudk azmfjyay;aeMujcif;jzihf jyóem\t"dutajzrSefw&m;rS aysmufuG,f ae&ayonf/ The Buddha proceeded beyond the identification of the central problem of life of Dukkha and cnunciated a Path to overcome Dukkha, namely, the Noble Eight- fold Path. Thus, some say that Buddhism far from being pessimistic is an optimistic religion where is a problem and there is a solution to that problem.
Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfbk&m;onf obm0ed,mrtavsmuf jzpfay: awGUBuKH aeMu&aom auseyfvufcEH ikd pf &mvnf;raumif;onht f jzpfrsm;? odkYr[kwf b0\qif;&Jjcif;'ku©w&m;rsm;udk qufvufí pl;prf;pdwfjzm pdppfawmfrl&mwGif tajccH&if;jrpfjyóemrsm;udkyif ausmfvGefí b0\ qif;&Jjcif;'ku©tppftrSefw&m;? xdkqif;&J'ku©udkjzpfapaom taMumif; &if;tppftrSew f &m;\ rlvZpfjrpfA[dck sujf yóemudyk g azmfxw k o f ;kH oyf awmfrlí? xdkqif;&Jjcif;'ku©tppftrSefw&m;wdkYrS xGufajrmuf&mvrf; aMumif; tppftrSefw&m;udkvnf; cGJjcm;pdwfjzmavhvmpdppfum &SmazG í azmfxkwfcJhavNyD/ ¤if;tppftrSefw&m;rsm;udk t&d,vrf;pOf&Spfyg; (t|*Øu t&d,r*¾*F) [k ac:wGifawmfrlavonf/ Others, perhaps more correctly say that it is neither pessimistic nor optimistic but it is a realistic religion/
¤if;vrf;pOfw&m;wdu Yk kd wpfenf;tm;jzihf twdtusq&kd ygaomf? þavmuü r,HkMunfpdwfrcs&aom rdpäm'd|d (raumif;jrif? tqdk;jrif) 0g'ESihf ,HkMunfpdwfcs&aom or®m'd|d (taumif;jrif? trSefjrif) 0g'[l onfh 0g'BuD;ESpfck vrf;pOfBuD;ESpf&yf&Sd&mwGif ,ckazmfjycJhygaom t&d, vrf;pOf&Spfyg;wdkYonf 'd|"r®vufawGU,xmblwusaom? wdusrSefuef tNrJwef;razmufrjyefonhf t<uif;r&Sdaom tppftrSefopömw&m;rsm; om udef;onhf bmomw&m;jrwfBuD;omvQifjzpfygonf/ pmrsuf E S m 17 rS a[mMum;awmfrl\/ ZmwfawmftqHk;ü oka'¨g'erif;BuD;onf tem*grdzdkvfü wnfoGm;\/ rdaxG;awmf a*gwrDonf ou'g*grdzkdvfüwnfav\/ þonfwdkYum; jrwfpGmbk&m;\ crnf;awmfoka'¨g'erif;BuD; tem*grdzdkvfü wnfyHktaMumif;rsm;tjzpf Zmwu0w¬KygVdawmf t|u xmwGif azmfjyxm;onfudk a&;om;ylaZmftyfygonf/ Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;
With regard to happiness, the words of the one of menber of the Buddhist religious order, He is an outstanding propagator of the Dhamma, is relevant. Addressing a large audience in Arizona, USA, he declared as recorded in the book "Art of Happiness" Authored by the Dr. Howard C. Cutler, a Psychiatric practitioner in Phoenix, Arizona, USA as follows, "I believe that the very purpose of our life is to seek happiness..."
]]aysm&f iT cf sr;f ajrUrIukd tav;*½kjyKvsu}f } þomoemjyKrw S w f rf; 0if pum;&yfonf xif&mS ;aomAk'o ¨ moemjyKwpfO;D \a[majymoHrsm;xJ rS jzpfygonf/ ¤if;yk*¾dKvfonf xif&Sm;aom urÇmhAk'¨omoemjyKyk*¾dKvf wpfO;D vnf;jzpfygonf/ tar&duefjynfaxmifpk tm&DZ;kd em;jynfe,fwiG f usif ; ycJ h a om vl x k w &m;yG J B uD ; wpf & yf ü yg0if w uf a &muf c J h p Of u ¤if;yk*Kd¾ vaf jymMum;cJah om a[mMum;csupf um;rsm;xJrjS zpfygonf/ xdjYk yif tm&DZ;kd em;jynfe,f zD;epfNrKd UrS pdwaf &m*gukyg&*lEiS fh aq;ynm&Siq f &m0ef Bu;D a'gufum a[m0'f? pD? uwåvm a&;om;jyKpck ahJ om ]]aysm&f iT cf sr;f ajrU f nf; tqdyk g omoemjyKy*k Kd¾ vf rI tEk&o}} (Art of Happiness) xJwiG v BuD;\ ]]aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrIudktav;*½kjyKvsuf}} (With regard to happiness) [l a om a<u;aMumf o H p um;vH k ; rsm;ud k azmf j yyg&S d y gonf / xdkpmtkyfjyKpkol a'gufwma[m0'fuvnf; ]]aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrI[laom pum;onf? uRefawmfwdkY\ b0t"dyÜm,fudk pl;prf;pdppf&SmazG&mü? tvGeftav;xm;azmfaqmifMu&rnhf a&S;aqmifvrf;ñTefcsufwpf&yf vnf; jzpfonf[k ,HkMunfygonf}} [lí azmfjyxm;ygonf/ "Happiness.., whether one believes in religion or not, whether one believes in this religion or that religion we are all seeking something better in life." "So, I think that the very motion of our life is towards happiness..."
]]aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrI../ xdkpum;vHk;udk bmoma&;e,fy,f wpf&yfü ,HkMunfvufcH&efoifhroihfjyóemonfay:vm\/ rnfonhf bmoma&;e,fy,fwGifjzpfap b0qdkonftwGuf wpfpHkwpfckaom twkdif;twmwpf&yftxd aumif;jrwfaomteuft"dyÜm,fwpf&yfudk pl;prf;&SmazGavhvmaeMucdu k 0f ,f t"dymÜ ,f&adS ompum;vH;k udk ,H, k MkH unf Munfjzihf vufcHMu&rnfomjzpfonf..}} ]]xdkodkY ,HkMunfvufcHvkdufonhftwGufaMumifh? uREfkyfwdkYb0 onf aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrIyef;wdkifqDodkY t[kefjyif;jyif;jzihf OD;wnfvIyfcwf csDwufoGm;rnf[k uREfkyf,HkMunfaerdygonf/}} (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) "r® 0 D & - oEÅ m atmif tjynf j ynf q d k i f & max&0g' Ak ' ¨ o moemjyKwuú o d k v f ? &ef u k e f N rd K U/
DHAMMA DEW "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
19
yd#uoH;k yHük aumif;pGmusio hf El iS hf raumif;usio hf w l \ Ykd tusKd ;tjypfrsm; cif a rmif r k d ; (awmif B uD ; )
yd # uawmf o H k ; yH k E S i h f aumif ; pG m usih f o l \ tusd K ;aus;Zl ; (1) 0denf;yd#uü aumif;pGmusihfaomol (&[ef;) onf oDvESihfjynfhpHk \/ ,if;oDvrSqufí orm"d0dyóemaMumihf psmef? r*f? zdkvf&\/ psmefaMumifh ykaAÁed0goÓPf0dZÆm? 'dAÁpu©KÓPf0dZÆm&\/ t&[wår*f wnf;[laom tmo0u©,ÓPf0dZÆm&\/ þodkYvQif 0denf;yd#uü aumif;pGmusihfaomol (&[ef;) onf? oDvESihfjynfhpHkonfjzpfí? 0dZÆm oHk;yg;udk &&Sdav\/ ]]tusih f 0 d e ,jynf p H k u rl ? oD v &S d u m? ÓPf 0 d Z Æ m oH k ; jzm tusd K ;rsm;ownf ; }} (2) okwåefyd#uü aumif;pGmusihfaomol (&[ef;) onf? oDv? orm"d? ynm&&Sd\/ xdkwGif orm"dvGefuJpGmjzpf\/ orm"daMumihf psmefwdkYudk &\/ psmefwdkYaMumifh £'¨d0d"? 'dAÁpu©K? 'dAÁaomw? ykaAÁed0go? apwm y&d, tbdnmig;yg;udk &&Sdav\/ ]]okwåeftvm? usihfaqmifygrl? orm"dwnfum? tbdnm ig;jzmtusd K ;rsm;ownf ; }} (3) tbd"r®ü aumif;pGmusihfaomol (&[ef;) onf? okwr,-emr½ly y&dapä'ÓPfynmud&k \/ tbd"r®mqdik &f m y&rw¬wu Ykd akd umif;pGmodaom ynmud&k \/ xdAk [kow k ynmonf y#dorÇ'd gÓPfav;yg;\ taMumif; jzpf\/ xdkYaMumihf okwr,ynm ponf\ jynhfpHkaomtaMumif;aMumihf y#dorÇd'gÓPfav;yg;udk &&Sdav\/ ]]tbd " r® m ygVd ? usih f o H k ; bd r l ? bl & d y nm? orÇ d ' gav;jzm tusd K ;&NrJ w nf ; }} yd # uawmf o H k ; yH k ü raumif ; ojzih f u sih f a omol \ tjypf (1) 0denf;yd#uü raumif;ojzihfusihfaomol (&[ef;) onf? tmywf rsm;pGmoihfí? tvZÆD&[ef;tjzpfodkYa&muf&\/ tEÅdr0w¬KokdYa&mufí? oDvysufusdK; 'kóDv&[ef;qdk;tjzpfodkY a&muf&av\/ Ak'¨&Sifawmf bk&m;vufxufawmfü? t&d|trnf&Sdaom&[ef;wpfyg;&Sd\/ xdk&[ef; onf tvGerf mS ;,Gi;f aomt,l&adS vonf/ yd;k zJuwåyD gvnf; El;nHo h rd af rGU \/ rde;f r\ud, k o f nfvnf; El;nHo h rd af rGU\/ odraf rGUonfcsi;f twlwo l m jzpf\/ xdaYk Mumifh yd;k zJuwåyD gudk oH;k oyf0wf½u kH tjypfr&So d uJo h ?Ykd rde;f r\ ud, k u f kd oH;k oyfr0DS u J tjypfr&S[ d , k q l \/ xdt Yk wGuf Ak'o ¨ nf odum© yk'f Bu;D wpfcu k kd ynwfvu dk &f avonf/ xdu k o hJ Ykd azmufjyef,rl mS ;usio fh ;kH ygu? rde;f rwdEYk iS afh &maESmaygif;azmfí odum© ysuu f sKd ;&[ef;qd;k 'kóv D tjzpfoYkd a&muf&Sdavonf/ ,cktcg tcsdKUaomodu©myk'fwdkYudk ta&;rjyK *½krxm; tusirfh mS ;jcif;onfvnf; 0denf;yd#uü raumif;ojzihf usijhf cif;aywnf;/ ,if;aMumifh tvdkr&Sdtyfaom tjypfrsm;vnf; usa&mufzG,fjzpfav onf/
]]0d e nf ; w&m;? tusih f r S m ;? ysuf j ym; oD v wnf ; }} 2/ okwåefyd#uü raumif;ojzihf usihfaomol (&[ef;) onf? okwåef tcsi;f csi;f axmufqí? t,ltqtawG;tac:rSm;wwf\/ xdo k Ykd t,l tqtawG ; tac:rS m ;&mrS rd p ä m 'd | d t jzpf o d k Y a&muf & S d o G m ;av\/ tck t cg omoemawmf \ wpf 0 uf a usmf a eNyD j zpf í ? xd k u J h o d k Y a om t,lrSm;rIBuD;rsm;udk awGUjrifaeMu&avNyD/ txl;owdjyKzG,fyifwnf;/ ]]ok w å e f w &m;? tusih f r S m ;? qih f y G m ;'d | d w nf ; }} 3/ tbd"r®myd#uü raumif;ojzihu f siafh omol (&[ef;) onf? tbd"r®m y&rwfw&m;wdkYudk obm0ausmfvGefí tawG;vGeft,ltqvGef tBuH tpnfvGefonf&Sdaomf? y&rwft½l;? "mwft½l;BuD;tjzpfodkY a&muf&Sd& avuke\ f / t|uxmü "r®obm0BupH nfru I akd usmv f eG í f rBupH nftyf onfudk BuHpnfí pdwåau©y pdwfysHUvGihf pdwfrESHYoltjzpfodkY a&muf&Sd aMumif;jzifhqkdufonf/ ]]tbd"r®mw&m;? tusihfrSm;u? w&m;ukdausmf? tawG; acsmfí? ravsmfrtyf? BuHpnfwwfonf? ½l;oGyf½l;aMumif? ½l;ayg wnf ; }} (yg&m? oD? t|om? t|uxmed'gef;tzGifh) aumif ; pG m usih f o l \ tusd K ; 0denf;aumif;usihf- 0dZÆmoHk;yg;/ okwåefaumif;usihf- tbdnmajcmufyg;/ tbd"r®maumif;usihf- y#dorÇd'gav;yg;/ raumif ; usih f o l \ tjypf 0denf;raumif;usihf- 'kóDv/ okwåefraumif;usihf- rdpäm'd|d/ tbd"r®mraumif;usihf- pdwfazmufjyef/ cif a rmif r d k ; (awmif B uD ; )
&mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf &J&ifhwnfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0ukd &ifqidk v f suf atmifjrifpGmjzwfoef;EkdifMuzkdY "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU
. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI
20
"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/
rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? usrf;
aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDq&
a&;om;jyKpkawm
r*¾*F'. Dy
THE MAGGANG OR THE MANUAL OF THE CONSTITU by
Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, Ag TRANSLATED into English by U (,cif t ywf r S t quf )
rsKd;aphaMumihfjzpf- opfyifa[mif;wdkYrS toD;rsKd;aphwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ xdt k oD;rsK;d aphwrYkd S opfyif topfwo Ykd nf jzpfuek \ f / þodv Yk Qif opfyif rSrsKd;aph? rsKd;aphrSopfyif? tpOftquf jzpfyGm;íae MuouJhodkY? xdkYtwl owå0gwdkYrSmvnf; a&S;a&S;aom b0a[mif;wdkYrS uHrsKd;aphwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ xdkuHrsKd;aphwdkYrS aemufb0topfwdkYonf jzpfukef\/ þodkYvQif owå0gwdkYrS uHrsKd;aph? uHrsKd;aphrS owå0gtpOf tquf jzpfyGm;í aeMuukef\/ opfyifwdkYrSm ½kyfoEÅmefwpfyg;om &Sd\/ xdkYaMumihf opfyif wpfckrSm toD;trsm;oD;í xdktoD;wdkYrS opfyiftrsm; jzpfyGm; Ekdifukef \/ owå0gwdkYrSm ½kyfoEÅmefç emrfoEÅmef 2 rsKd;&SdMu\/ xdk 2 rsKd;wGif emrfoEÅmefonf tBu;D tuJ jzpf\/ emrfoEÅmefwpfcrk S emrfoEÅmefwpfck omjzpfekdif\/ xdkYaMumihf owå0gwdkYrS wpfckaom b0üaumif;aom uHrsKd; aphtrsm;? raumif;aom uHrsKd;aphtrsm; jzpfMuukefaomfvnf; emrfoEÅmef a[mif;wpfckrS aemufb0ü emrfoEÅmefopf wpfckom jzpfyGm; ½dk;&Sd\/ emrfoEÅmefa[mif;wpfckrS aemufb0ü emrfoEÅmefopf trsm; jzpf y G m ;½d k ; r&S d ? emrf o EÅ m ef t opf r sm; jzpf y G m ;½d k ; r&S d o nf h twGuaf Mumihf yk*Kd¾ vf owå0gwdrYk mS ½kyo f EÅmefa[mif;wpfcrk S aemufb0ü ½kyfoEÅmefopf wpfckomjzpf½dk;&Sd\/ ½kyfoEÅmeftrsm; jzpfyGm;½dk;r&Sd/ xm0&bk&m; zefqif;ír[kwf þodkYvQif ajrç a&ç awmç awmifç aeç vç eu©wfç wm&mç Mu,fBuD;ç Mu,fi,fç wdkYrS pí cyfodrf; aom urÇmtaqmuftOD;wdkYonf Owkac:aom awaZmtrsKd;rsKd; [laom rsKd;aphwdkYrS jzpfyGm;Muukef\/ xm0&bk&m; zefqif;í jzpfMu ukefonf r[kwf/ vlç wd&pämeftp&Sdukefaom owå0gtaygif;wdkY onfvnf; a&S;a&S;urÇm a&S;a&S;b0wdkYü rdrdwdkY jyKcJhMuaom uHwnf; [laom rsKd;aphwdkYrS aemufaemufb0wdkYü topftopf jzpfyGm;í aeMuukef\/ xm0& bk&m; zefqif;í jzpfMuukefonf r[kwf[k odjrif,MkH unfonf[k odjrif,MkH unfro I nf rdpmä 'd|rd nf\? [kwrf eS af om OwktpGrf; uHtpGrf; awGudk aphaphpHkpHk jrifekdifaom ÓPfr&SdMuonfh
(Continue from last week) Previous vegetation produces seeds from which fresh vegetation rises. Thus, seeds from the tree and trees from the seeds appear successively, a cycle of seeds and tree. Similarly, beings have seeds of kamma in their previous existences. From these seeds of kamma, new existences appear. Thus, beings perform kamma which in turn gives rise to new becomings successively. Trees have physical phenomena only. A tree yields many fruits from which many trees are grown. In the case of beings, they have two kinds of phenomena: physical and mental phenomena. Of these the mental factor is the chief. One mental factor can produce not more then one new mental factor (i.e,pat.isandhivin-na-n.a) the rebirth consciousness. Therefore although beings have many seeeds of -- wholesome and unwholesome kamma in one existence, one mental factor of the previous existence i.e., volition (cetana-), produces in the next existence only one mental factor. Since many new mental factors are not produced, one corporeality group of the past existence gives rise to not more than one corporeality- group in the next becoming. Earth, water, sun, moon, stars, and so forth, come into existence from the seeds of kinetic energy which go under the name of caloricity. It is not that they were created by God. Beings such as men, animals etc., come into new successive existences because of the seeds of their past kamma performed in previous world cycles of existences. Such view known as Right View (sammadit.t.hi)
. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/
21
uf? usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf
wDq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;
m;jyKpkawmfrlaom
*¾*F'. DyeD
GANGA DIPANI OR STITUENTS Of THE NOBLE PATH by
aw, Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt.
h by U Saw Tun Teik, B.A., B.L. twGuaf Mumihf xm0& bk&m;zefqif;onf[k BuzH ef&rf;qí ,lMuaom rd p ä m t,l r Qom jzpf ownf ; / xd k Y a Mumih f xd k t ,l u d k pG e f Y y pf í todtvdrfrm ÓPfynm uHw&m;wdkYudkom tm;udk; tm;xm;BudK;pm; tm;xkwfapjcif;iSm ]oaAÁ owåm ur®óum} [lí a[mawmfrlonf/ oaAÁ owåm ur®óum NyD;\/ uHomtar mtarG ]]oaAÁ owåm ur®'g,m'g}} [laom ygXfü avmuü rdrdwkdY\ tarGudpöwdkY rnfonf&SdMuukef\/ xdktarGOpömwdkYudk cH,lMu &ukeaf om tarGcH om;orD;wdrYk nfonf&u dS ek \ f / xdOk pömwdo Yk nf raorD umvüom rdrdwdkY\ Opöm[k qdk&ukef\/ aoaMuaomtcg xdkOpömwdkY udk pGefYypfí oGm;Mu&ukef\/ xdkOpömwdkYonf b0wpfyg;odkY rvdkufukef? raorD umvüvnf; rD;ab;ç a&ab;ç cdk;olç xm;jy ab;wdkYaMumifh ysufqHk;wwfukef\/ oHk;pm;íaomfvnf; ukefqHk;Muukef\/ owå0gwdkY jyKaom 'geç oDv tp&Sdaom uH 3 yg;wdkYonfrlum; aoonfrS aemuf b0odkYvnf; tpOfvkdufukef\/ rD;ab;ponfwdkYaMumihfvnf; ysufqHk; jcif; r&Sdukef/ xkdYaMumihf xdkuHwnf;[laom tarGOpöm wd k Y o nf o mvQif owå 0 gwd k Y \ tarG O pö m tppf rnf u k e f \ / uHudkjyKMuaom owå0gwdkY onf aemufaemufb0wdkYü xdkuH\ tusKd ; ud k {uEÅ cH p H M u&uk e f \ / acG ; ç 0uf ç Muuf ç iS u f w d k Y t m; MunfjzLaom pdwfjzihf wBudrfauR;arG;aom 'ge ukodkvfuHonf aemufb0 w&mavmuf ok*wdudk ay;Ekdif\/ oDv &Sdaom &[ef; oH C mwd k Y ü wBud r f a uR;arG ; aom'geuk o d k v f u H o nf aemif b 0 toacsFavmuf vlYtjzpf ewftjzpfudk ay;Ekdif\/ ,ckb0 wrwf wefrQ vSL'gef;rIonf aemufaemufb0ü taxmifwefrQruaom tusKd;udk ay;Ekdif\/ om;ç ig;ç Muufç 0ufpaom wd&pämefwaumifukd owfro d nf &Sad omf aemiftaxmifruaom b0wdüYk towfc&H jcif; wnf;[laom tusK;d udck &H \/ avmuü anmifrsK;d aphi,fwpfcu k kd pdu k yf sK;d vQif anmif yifBuD;jzpfí tESpfwaxmifru toD;aygif; teEÅjzpfyGm;\/ xdkYtwl
To hold that God creates them is wrong view (micchadit.t.hi). It is the wrong view of those who not knowing fully the operative power of kama and utu, imagine that they were created by God. Thus with a view to making people abandon wrong and rely upon kamma, knowledge and wisdom the Buddha said, "Sabbe satta- kammassaka-". Now there are such things as legacies and heirs. These legacies can be called our property only before we die; but when we pass away we have leave them behind. They do not accompany the next existence. They are also liable to be storyed by frie, water, thieves and robbers --- our death, or they may be exhausted by us. As for the three kinds of kamma- performed by beings, they are always theirs in their future existences. They are never destroyed by fire, etc, For the reason kamma is said to be the only property inherited by beings. Beings are sure to reap the result their own kamma in future existences. The whole some kamma performed by feeding dogs, pigs, fowls and birds can result in a hundred happy existence. The wholesome kamma performed by feeding virtuous monks can give rise to a countless numbers of happy existences as man and deva. Giving alms worth about a quarter of a kyat in this present life can yield benefical results worth more than a thousand kyats in future existences. If a person kills an animal such as a fish, fowl or pig, he may be killed in more than a thousand future existences. In this world, if a tiny banyan seed is planted, a big banyan tree will grow up bearing innumerable fruits in more than
. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI
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"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/
o&ufrsKd;aphwpfck? ydEéJrsKd;aphwpfckudk pdkufysKd;vQif o&ufyifBuD;? ydEéJyif BuD;jzpfí tESpfrsm;pGm toD;aygif; taomif;ru jzpfyGm;\/ þodkYvQif opfyifwdkYü tenf;i,frQjzpfaom wpfckwpfckaom rsKd;aphonf tqç taomif;ç todef;ruaom toD; t&Guf tcuf tñGefYwdkYudk jzpfyGm; apEkdif\/ xdkYtwl wpfckaom 'geukodkvf? wpfckaom oDvukokdvf? wpfckaom bm0emukodkvf [laom uHrsKd;aphonf aemufb0 tquf qufwüYkd tode;f ç taomif; ruaom aumif;usK;d csr;f omudk ay;Ekid \ f / wpfckaom wd&pämefudk owfrI tp&Sdaom tukodkvfuHonfvnf; aemufb0 tqufqufwdkYü rsm;pGmaom raumif;usKd; 'ku©udk ay;Ekdif \/ anmifrsKd;aphç o&ufrsKd;aphç ydEéJrsKd;aph tp&Sdaom rsKd;aphi,f wdkYESihf um,uHç 0pDuHç raemuH[laom uHrsKd;aphwdkYonf wpfckaom rsKd;aphi,frS rsm;pGmjzpfyGm;aom toD;t&GuftcuftnGefYwdkYESihf ,ckb0 jyKMuaom wckaomuHrsKd;aphrS aemufaemuf b0wdkYü rsm;pGmjzpfyGm; aom tusKd;&if; tusKd;qufwdkYonf wlukef\/ uHwpfckudk jyKrdaom oltm; xdkuHonf xdkol\ pdwfoEÅmef rSm b0rsm;pGm urÇmrsm;pGm tpOfyg&Sdíxdkoltm; taMumif;tcGihf oihfavsmf&m umvü aumif;aomtusKd;? raumif;aomtusKd;udk ay; um ay;um vdkufygí aeukef\/ xdkuHudk pGefYypfjcif;iSm rwwfaumif;? xdkuH\ tusKd;udk aemufaemufb0wdkYü tvsOf; oihf&m cHpHMu&NrJ "r®wm jzpfuek \ f / xdaYk Mumihf ]oaAÁ owåm ur®'g,m'g} [lí a[mawmf rlonf/ oaAÁ owåm ur®'g,m'gNyD;\/ uHomtaMumif;t&if; ]oaAÁ owåm ur®a,meD} [laom ygXfü anmifyifwpfckyGm;&ef taMumif;pkonf trsm;&Sd\/ anmifyif rsKd;aph onf v nf ; taMumif ; wpf y g;? ajronf v nf ; taMumif ; wyg;? a&onfvnf; taMumif;wyg;? xdktaMumif;pkwGif anmifyifrsKd;aphonf taMumif;&if;jzpf\/ ajra&onf tNcHt&H taMumif;rsm;jzpfMu\/ xdkYtwl ulvDvkyfrIaMumihf aMu;aiGudk &&mü ulvDvkyfrI[laom ypöKyÜef uHonftaMumif;&if;jzpf\/ ulvDvkyf&mXme ulvDvkyf&ef aygufwl;? jcif;awmif;? tcay;ol? olaX;? ol<u,frsm;onf tNct H &H taMumif;rsm; jzpf\/ aemufb0rSm trd0rf;ü vlYtjzpfudk ay;aom uHrsKd;? trd0rf;ü acG;tjzpf? iSuftjzpf? 0uftjzpfudk ay;aom uHrsKd;wdkYrSm a&S;b0wdkYu jyKcJhMuaom 'ge? oDvpaom aumif;aomuHrsKd;wdkYrSm a&S;b0wdkYu jyKcMhJ uaom 'ge? oDvpaom aumif;aumuHrsK;d ? olt Y oufukd owfjcif; paom raumif;aom uHrsKd;onf taMumif;&if;jzpf\/ anmifrsKd;aphESihf wl \ / trd t b[l a om taMumif ; onf tNcH t &H taMumif ; rsm;jzpfMu\/ anmifyifayguf&mü ajrtzdkY? rdkCf;a&rdkCf;ayguf tbdkYESihf wl\/ þodv Yk Qif ypöKyeÜ u f \ H qdik &f m aumif;usK;d raumif;usK;d wdüYk vnf; rdrdwkdYjyKMuaom vdrfrmrI rvdrfrmrIonfomvQif taMumif;&if; jzpf\/ twdwfuH\ qdkif&m aumif;usKd; raumif;usKd;wdkYüvnf; a&S;b0wdkYü rdrw d jYkd yKcMhJ uaom 'ge? oDvpaom vdrrf mrI? ygPmwdygwpaom rvdrf rmrIonfomvQif taMumif;&if;jzpf\/ trd tbonf taMumif;&if; r[kwf? xm0&bk&m;ESihfrlum; oufoufrqdkif? xdkYaMumihf ]oaAÁ owåm ur®a,meD} [lí a[mawmfrlonf/ oaAÁ owåm ur®a,meD NyD;\/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )
a thousand years; similarly if a mango seed or a jack- fruit seed is planted, big mango trees and big jack- fruit trees will grow and bear more than a hundred thousand fruits for many years. Thus in the case of trees, a small seed is able to yield more than a hundred thousand fruits, leaves, branches and twigs. Similarly a seed of wholesome kamma such as almsgiving, morality, meditation, practised at one time, can yield more than a hundred thousand good results in successive future existences. A seed of unwholesome kamma by killing a being can yield evil and painful results in numerous following existences. Such banyan seeds, mango seeds and jack- fruit seeds may be compared to the seed of physical, verbal and mental actions. A small seed from which arise numerous leaves, fruits, branches and twigs, may be compared to seed of kamma that produces many effects in the following successive esixtences. If a person performs one kamma, the effects always accompany him in many existences yielding good or bad results at the opportune moments. One can never get rid of that kamma but he has to enjoy or suffer its results under appropriate circumstances. So the Buddha declares "Sabbe satta- kammada-ya-da-". Sabbe satta- kammayon1There are several causes for the growth of the banyan three: the banyan seed, the earth, and the water. Of these causes, the banyan seed is the primary cause; the earth and water are the secondary causes. In the same way, in getting wages by working as a labourer, the present kamma, i.e., working as a labourer, is the primary cause. The place for working, the spade, the basket and t he employers who pay wages are the secondary causes. The wholesome past kamma, i.e., almsgiving, morality, etc..,which causes one to be reborn as a human being and the unwholesome kammas by taking others' lives, etc., which cause one to be reborn as an animal, are the primary cause similar to the banyan seeds. The parents are the secondary causes, just as the earth and water are for the growth of a banyan tree. In the same way, with regard to the present good and evil results, one's own kamma performed in the present existence with wisdom and knowledge or otherwise is the primary cause. So also, one's own wholesome kamma as almsgiving, morality, etc., and unwholesome kamma as killing beings; performed in previous existences, are the primary causes of good and evil results. The parents are not the primary causes; nor is it anything to do with God. For this reason, the Budha said, "Sabbe satta- kammayon1- ." (To be continue)
TALKS ABOUT THE OPEN-MINDENESS "r®0D&onf Ak'¨\"r®w&m;awmf tppftrSefxGef;um;jyefhyGm;&efjzpfonf/
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jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdkY ü t&n0goDawm&yfrSDvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom
r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f a&;om;pD & if a wmf r l a o omm "ar® m 0g'uxm
omoemawmfBu;D \ a&aomufjrpfo;kH oG,f (omoemjyKvk y f i ef ; tyd k i f ; ) (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) omoejyKwd k Y \ pd w f a eoabmxm;rsm; (u) tavmif ; awmf w d k Y \ pd w f x m;um; cEÅD arwåm oDv opöm xdw k &m;av;yg; vufuikd x f m;vsuu f a&epfoludk u,fq,faom q,fwifa&;orm;wnf;/ rdrdvnf; repfrGef; uRef;odkY wufomap? olwpfyg;wdkYvnf; repfrGef; uRef;odkY wufomap/ xdpk w d af umif; pdwjf rwf pdw"f mwfwjYkd zihf trsm;tay: qufqH wwfjcif;wnf;/ (c) a0ae,swd k Y \ pd w f x m;um; t0dZmÆ wPSm rme 'd|d xdw k &m;av;yg; vufuikd x f m;vsuu f a&epfoludk 0g;ESihf xdk;aeonfhyrm rdrdvnf; 0g;&if;xdk;rdojzihf txdemap? wpfzufom;vnf; 0g;zsm;xdk;rdojzihf txdemap/ xdpk w d n f pf pdwaf x; pdw, f w k af vS;wdjYk zihf trsm;tay: qufqH aejcif;wnf;/ þodkYvQif xHk;ESpfrsKd; &Sdacs&mwGif... tavmif;awmfwx Ykd ;kH ESv;kH rlvsuu f y,fzsux f u kd o f nfh trdu k f xHk;udk OD;pGmrdrdpdwfrS AHk;AHk;vJusaponftxd wdkufzsufjyMu&m\/ odkY r[kwf rdrdukd,frdrd ,Ofaus;apjcif;jzihf olwpfyg;wdkYvnf; ,Ofaus;ap &m\/ qdkvdkonfrSm... u/ vlwdkYonf avmbtBuD;csif;NydKif tEkdifvkaeMu&m rdrdwdkYu avmbtenf;csif;NydKifum tEkdif,ljywwfMu&m\/ c/ vlwdkYonf a'gotBuD;csif;NydKif tEdkifvkaeMu&m rdrdwdkYu a'gotenf;csif;NydKifum tEkdif,ljywwfMu&m\/ */ vlwo Ykd nf udavomtBu;D csi;f NyKd if tEdik v f ak eMu&m rdrw d u Ykd udavomtenf;csi;f NyKd iu f m tEkid , f jl ywwfMu&m\/ xdkodkY... udk,fwGufvnf; ydkif? olwpfyg;wdkYudkvnf; udkifrdvmNyDqdkaom tcgwGifrSom rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm;? pdwfxm;p½dkuf qdk;rdkufvsuf &SdMuygukef aom a0ae,savmuom;rsm;\ tay:wdkYodkY rD;ab;'ku©onfrsm;yrm jrifwwfMunhfwwfjcif; temBuD;a&m*gonfrsm;yrm ½Iwwfjrifwwfjcif;? þuJhodkY tjrifrSef tMunhfrSefrsm;jzihfom udk,fcsif;pmw&m; arwåmxm;um az;rulnDwwfMu&m\/ odkYr[kwfu tMunhfrSm; tjrif rSm;rsm;aMumihf rdrdonfyif rD;ab;'ku©onf
rdro d nfyif uk|Elem&Sib f 0odYk vSvBS u;D a&mufomG ;wwfacs\/ xdk'Pfoihf a0ae,swdkYrSmrlum;.... ylvGef;vSojzihf tat;odkYom wrf;w&SmazGaeMu&&Smacs\/ emvGe;f vSojzihv f nf; oufomaq;tay; tauR;wdu Yk kd iHv h ifh aeMu&&Smacs\/ tu,fwdwd ig u,fwif&SifyJ[lí a<u;aMumfoHwpfcsuf uGufceJMum;rdcJhaomf... wpf o uf v H k ; u tarQmf a Zmusaeol o nf twES i h f t us a&SUt&[lí awGUvmavaomtcg yrmtm;jzihf... a&epf a eojzih f touf v k a e&ol u,f q ,f o l a wG U u aMumuftm;a&m veft Y m;yg wGNJ y;D qGrJ q d &JG m qGaJ v&m u,fq,fot l m; raumif;ESpfavmif;NydKif axG;vHk;owfykwf epfjrKyfoGm;Mu&onfhyrm tm;udk;\tay: cifrifrItm;BuD;jcif;? rdrdtay: cifrifrI tm;BuD;jcif;? tm½Hw k t Ykd ay: cifrifrt I m;Bu;D jcif;wdjYk zihf odik ;f zufxm;wwfvaS csonf/ xdktcg.... u,fwif&efvmolonf tu,fwifcH&olxuf tm;q,fq romvGefygu tusemwwfvS\/ rnfonfhomoem0efxrf;om;rqdk... u/ oD v rpif M u,f b J v suf u oD v *k P f o wif ; [if;vif; ryGiEfh idk /f oDvtm; txl;aumif;rGefvSyjcif;aMumihfom trSDcdkwdkY teHY& jcif;wnf;/ rnfonfh omoem0efxrf;om;rqdk... c/ olwpfyg; odapwwfapvdkaom apwemtxm; trSefwdkYjzihf vlom;wdkYtusKd; a0ae,swdkYtusKd; rdrd\ c&D;vrf;qHk; xrf;½kef;jcif;tusKd;wdkYudk onfydk;ae\/ xdkoHk;usKd;o,fydk;aejcif;aMumihfom qdkifwnf&m aps;0,fvm onfyrm vltvHk; ewftvHk; pk½Hk;a&muf&Sdvmjcif;wnf;/ odkYpOfvsuf avS m f & if ; epf o G m ;Mujcif ; rsm;onf u m; tif t m;rsm; rawmihfwif;jcif;aMumihfcsnf;wnf;/ odkYaMumihf 1/ rD;ab;'ku©onfrsm;yrm wlvSpGmaom udavom tyl&SifwdkYudk ukwifvdkolonf... xdktyl&Sifrsm;pGmxuf rdrdu toGm;oGufjcif;? tm;wufjcif;ESpfyg;udk tqompGm BudK;pm;arG;jrLxm;Mu&m\/ 2/ temBuD;a&m*gonfyrm wlvSpGmaom udavom
TALKS ABOUT THE OPEN-MINDENESS
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"r®0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/
tykyf&SifwdkYudk okwfoifay;vdkolonf... rdrdu a&m*goefY&Sif;jcif;? udk,fum,zGHUNzdK;jcif;wnf;[laom usihfjcif;? odjcif;ESpfrsKd;wdkYudk txl;BudK;pm;xm;Mu&m\/ 3/ a&epf o l y rm wl v S p G m aom wPS m a&pD ; aMum arsmaeolwdkYudk u,fwifvdkolonf... rdrdu xdka&epfolxuf tm;q,fq om&onfhyrm yg&rD q,fcsuf xdkvufeufwdkYudk &ifhusufjcif;? xufjrufjcif;ESpfyg;wdkYjzihf BudK;pm;xm;ESihfMu&m\/ odkYrSom...xdkat;vdkolrsm;udk... at;aomarwåmw&m; Munfaom cEÅw D &m;rsm;jzihf wdu k af uR; arG;jrLEkdif&m\/ oefYaom udk,fusihf rSefuefaom tqihfrsm;jzihf ukoay;Ekdif &m\/ yg&rD&ihfusuf £a`E´AdkvfESpfcsufwdkYjzihf q,fwifay;Ekdif&m\/ þüyHkpHxkwfí o½kyfazmfjy&aomf bk&m;&Sifonf... a0ae,swYkd tirf;r& wrf;waeMuonfh xdak t;vdrk I oufom vdkrIrsm;udk ¤if;wdkY teD;tyg;vnf;jzpfaom ¤if;wdkY roHk;&J rpGJ&Jonfvnf;jzpfaom ¤if;wdkYu qefYusifbuftoGif tqdk;xifxm;Muavaom w&m;pkxJrSyif xkwf,lum oHk;aqmif jyoawmfrloGm;cJhygacs\/ u/ a0ae,swdkY vufoHk;rdwfxifum; uHukokdvf tusKd;ay;w&m; umrcsrf;omrsm;yifwnf;/ c/ a0ae,swdkY vufa&Smif&efxm;um; psmefukodkvf tusKd;ay;w&m; wpfa,mufwnf;vnf; cHpm;? udk,fpdwfESpfyg;vnf; rysufjym;apaom psmefcsrf;omrsm;wnf;/ xdkpOf.... 1/ vlom;wdkYonf umr&r®uf aysmo f avmuf ysuaf paom umr*kPf ig;yg; wdu Yk kd ESpfOD;csif;tMum; udk,fpDxm;vsufu aysmfyg;aeMupOf... bk&m;&Sifonfum;.... uHpdwfrzuf psmefpdwfoufoufjzihf aysmfum;aysmf\ tysuf r&Sad om psmefcsr;f omrsm;udk wpfyg;wnf;xm; ÓPf0ifpm;vsuu f cHpm; jyoaeawmfrl\/ vlusiq fh kd onfvrkd aS ygY[í l ud, k af wGUjzihf ajymjyaejcif;wnf;/ 2/ bk&ifwdkYonf rif;xufrif; Ouif;wefqm aqmif;vdkMu&um; wpfyg;ESihf wpfyg; a'goyGm;vsufu ppfrufjzpfyGm;aeMupOf... bk&m;&Sifonfum; ud, k u f m,tm;jzihf tEkid rf ,l pdww f efc;kd owdt å m;jzihf tEkid , f l jyonfhyrm arwåmw&m; psmef0ifpm;vsufu vloHk;yg;wdkY\ OD;xdyfxuf wufjyawmfrl\/ bk&ifjzpfvo kd nfvkd usi[ fh í l ud, k af wGUjzihf ajymjyaejcif;wnf;/ 3/ wpfzef &[ef;csif;csif; twGif;yu© x<uaeMupOf um; bk&m;&Sifonf.... orumokc trnf&aom 0da0uoHk;yg;vHk;wnf&m eda&m" ormywf 0ifpm;vsufu aeawmfrl\/ &[ef;qdk onfvrkd aS ygY[í l ud, k af wGUjzihf a[mjyaejcif;wnf;/ qdkvdkonfrSm
vljzpf vlvdkae? rif;jzpf rif;vdkusihf? &[ef;jzpf tqihfrSDygap [l\/ þü 1/ vlvdkaeonfh vlusihf[lonf rdrd\ BuHajymjyK uHoHk;ckwdkYjzihf vIyf&Sm;Muavwdkif; tusKd;rJh aeNyD tusKd;&SdvmNyD[lí odapaom tjypfjzpfoGm;NyD tjypfrJhvmNyD[lí odapaom uHay: psmefqihfvsufu pdwf&ihfusufapjcif;wnf;/ odrYk [kwf u/ umrt&om cHpm;cGihf&jcif;wnf;/ acG ; vnf ; jzpf 0uf v nf ; jzpf Muuf v nf ; jzpf ponf j zih f atmufwef;oGm;rsm;aomfrS oHk;cGihfomaomaMumihf bHkpmqdk&\/ c/ psmet&om cHpm;cGihf&jcif;um; acG;vnf;rjzpf? 0ufvnf;rjzpf? Muufvnf;rjzpf vlb Y 0 ppfppf rSom cHpm;cGihfomapaomaMumihf vlpmqdk&\/ odkYaMumihf.... vlb Y 0a&mufwek ;f vlpmudyk if pm;oH;k í vlvakd ewwfMuap[l\/ 2/ rif ; vd k u sih f [ l o nf a&SUbkef;a&S;uHaMumihfjzpfaom bkef;orÇmwdkYjzihf tvdkvdk tpdk; & cGihf&&ef rif;usihfw&m;q,fyg; tm;xm;jcif;? arwåmjA[®pdk&fw&m; tm;xm;jcif;jzihf... trsm;wdkY ,HkMunfrIudk cH,ljcif; ,HkMunf&mrSjzpfaom jrwfEdk;rIudk cH,ljcif; jrwfEdk;&mrSjzpfaom tm;udk;rIudk cH,ljcif;/ xdo k ;kH csuf rysuaf prlí trsm;xdyx f uf bdou d cf w H wfjcif;yif [l\/ 3/ &[ef ; tqih f rD a p[l o nf &[ef;[laom trnfonf udavomwdkYudk csKd;zJhzsufqD; ypfvdkufjcif;[lí t"dyÜg,fxGuf&m &[ef;tqihf\ txG#ftxdyfum; t&[wåzdkvfwnf;/ ¤if;udkyif trsm;wdkY tylaZmftxl;udk cHxdkufvmNyDjzpfaom aMumihf t&[EÅ &[EÅmqdk&\/ xdktqihfonf udavomuif; 0da0 uoHk;cif; wif;wif;jynhf&Sdaom tqihfwnf;/ xdktqihfodkY wufa&muf oGm;NyD;aom t&Sifjrwfonf udavomudk t<uif;rJh csKyf&mrSjzpfaom Nidrf;csrf;jcif; oEÅdokcac: twkrJh csrf;omxl;BuD;udkyg cHpm;awmfrlcGihf &awmfrl&m &[ef;jzpf &[ef;tqihfrDyapESihftnDyif/ þum;... bk&m;&Sif acscRwfenf;jzpfaom olwpfyg;wdt Yk BuKd uf twdik ;f rwdu k cf u kd yf J odr;f ydu k ef nf;wnf;/ omoemh0efxrf;om;wdo Yk nfvnf; xdkbk&m;&SifxHk;udkvnf; ESvHk;rlvsuf omoejyKpdwfxm; yGm; rsm;Mu&m\/ xdkbk&m;&SifxHk;uJhodkYyif bk&m;&Sif\ a&Tvufxufawmfumvwkef;u olawmfaumif; BuD;rsm; usihfoHk;oGm;Muavaom... u/ omoemjyKpdwfxm;? c/ omoemjyKoGm;yHkrsm;? ¤if;wdkYudkvnf; þü wk,lpHxm; xHk;tjzpfyGm;Ekdif&ef wpfckrQ xkwfjyygtHh/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/
nDñGwfolwkdY&JU atmifyGJ t&S i f £ '¨ d u mbd 0 H o (ref ; -yaZÆ m wm½H k )
pma&;ol pm½IolwdkY&JU oHk;avmu xGwfxm; jrwfpGmbk&m;ocifudk,fawmfwdkif a[mawmfrlxm;wJh ]]or*¾geH wayg okacg}} qd k w J h w&m;awmf [ m tvG e f r S w f o m;zG , f aumif;vSygw,f/ rSwfom;NyD;awmh vufawGU vdu k ef moihyf gw,f? vufawGUusio fh ;kH oifyh gw,f/ tJ ' D w &m;awmf & J U jref r mvd k t "d y Ü m ,f u ]]nD ñ G w f M uwJ h y k * ¾ d K vf w d k Y & J U ud k , f p D u d k , f p D wuf w uf < u<ujyKvk y f a ejcif ; [m csrf ; om aMumif;}} ygwJh/ vlawG nDnñ D w G ñ f w G ef YJ pnf;pnf;vH;k vH;k uk, d pf u D , dk pf D ud, k t fh vkyu f kd vkyaf eMuw,f wufwuf<u<ueJv Y yk af eMuw,fq&kd if vlawGrmS csrf;omaMumif;jzpfw,fqdkwm txl;ajymp&m rvdkawmhyg/ vlawGavmuf todÓPfr&SdwJh t[dwfwd&pämefawGawmif nDnDñGwfñGwf pnf;pnf;vH;k vH;k eJY ud, k t fh vkyu f , kd v f yk af eMu&if csrf;omaMumif;jzpfygw,f/ pma&;olwdkY jrwfpGmbk&m; &mZN*dK[f jynf a0VK0efausmif;awmfrmS oDwif;oH;k aeawmf rlpOf &Sifa'0'wfut kd aMumif;jyKNy;D wmh a[mxm; wJh uk½*k rF *d Zmwfqw kd hJ Zmwfawmfwpfc&k w dS ,f/ pm½IolawGodMuwJhtwdkif; &Sifa'0'wf[m jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfjrwfBuD;udkowfNyD; awmh bk&m;vkyfr,fqdkwJh&nf&G,fcsufeJY yxr wpfBurd f emVm*d&q d ifBu;D udk t&ufawGr;l atmif wdkuf? jrwfpGmbk&m; &mZN*dK[fNrdKUwGif; qGrf;cH<u
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av;eJY awmufawmufç awmufawmufeYJ acguf aewmudk;? opfyif&JUtayG;udk pm;csifvJ pm;rSm ayhg/ 'ghaMumifh olu Y kd opfawmufiu S v f Ykd ac:Mu wmud;k / tJ'aD &tdik x f rJ mS vdyw f pfaumifvnf; aew,f/ tJovdk awm&dyfawmif&dyfopfyif&dyf wdkYeJY wdwfqdwfat;csrf;wJh a&tkdif0ef;usifrSm pma&;olç pm½IolwdkY&JU bk&m;tavmif;awmf jzpfwJh uk½k*Forif&,fç acguf&SmiSuf&,fç vdyf &,f taqGcifyeG ;f oH;k a,muf? tJ- taqGcifyeG ;f oHk;aumif? taqGcifyGef;oHk;azmfwdkY cspfcspfcif cif tuRrf;w0ifaeMuw,f? nDnDñGwfñGwf aeMuw,f/ tJ o vd k taqG c if y G e f ; oH k ; azmf w d k Y cspfcspfcifcifeJY tuRrf;w0if? nDnDñGwfñGwf? aysmfaysmf&Tif&TifeJY aeaeMuwJhtcsdef waeYrSm awmh rkqdk;wpfa,muf awmxJvSnhfvnfwJh tcg tJ'Da&tdkifem;a&mufvmw,f/ a&qdyf a&tdkif&JUurf;rSm bk&m;tavmif;awmforif&JU ajc&mawGUoGm;w,f/ orifajc&mawGUawmh rkqdk;u om;a&BudK;ausmhuGif;eJYaxmifw,f/ olo Y m;a&BuKd ;u 'DacwfrmS wdu k af wGaqmufwhJ tcg? RC wd k u f a wG a qmuf w J h t cgoH k ; wJ h ajcmufr;l vH;k oHv;kH avmufayhg/ tJ'v D kd oHacsmif; oHv;kH eJw Y w l hJ om;a&udu k spx f m;wJBh uKd ;eJaY xmif wm/ rkqdk;u ausmhuGif;axmifNyD; &Gmjyef oGm;NyDqdkygawmh/ pma&;olwdkY bk&m;tavmif; awmf orifu nOfhOD;,HarSmif&DNydK;jytcsdef a&aomufqif;awmh rkqdk;axmifxm;wJhausmh uGif;rSm rdygava&m/ bk&m;tavmif;awmf uk½k*Forifu ausmhuGif;rSmrdwJhtcg emusif vGef;wJh twGufaMumifh i,foHygatmifatmf w,f / tJ ' D a tmf o H a Mumif h opf y if a y:u acguf&SmiSuf&,f? a&xJu vdyf&,f tajy; tvTm;a&mufvmMuNyD;awmh ]]'dkY bmvkyfoihf ovJ}} vkdY wkdifyifMuw,f/ tJ'Dtcg acguf&Sm iSufu vdyfudk ]]taqGvdyf oifhrSm oGm;awG &Syd gw,f? oif 'Dausmu h iG ;f udk udu k jf zwfyg? igu 'Dae&m rkq;kd rvmatmif vkyyf gr,f? 'dEYk pS Of ;D vH;k ? ES p f a umif v H k ; wuf w uf < u<ujyKvk y f M uwJ h vHkYvOóm[aMumihf 'dkY&JUoli,fcsif; touf csr;f om&vdrrfh ,f}} vdYk wkid yf ifMuw,f? aqG;aEG; Muw,f/ wdkifyifMu aqG;aEG;MuNyD;wJhaemuf vdyfu om;a&ausmhuGif;udk udkufjzwfw,f? acguf&mS iSuu f rkq;kd aewJ&h mG udo k mG ;Ny;D axmuf vSrf;a&;vkyfaew,f/ opfyifay:rSm em;ae
TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/
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b0*fu nHavmufatmif MuufysH rus pnfum;wJjh yif i,f&, G Ef yk sKo d al wG i,fi,f ESirfh aoMu? tbk;d tzGm;t&G,f touftwdik ;f aeNy;D rS aoMu&w,f? "r®ygvykPmÖ ;Bu;D vrf;pOf twdkif;vkduf ESpfNcKdufpGmusihfMuw,f/ ukd,fh um,uH&,f? ukd,fhxHjyefr,f? ukd,fh0pDuH&,f uk, d q hf jD yefr,f? uk, d rhf aemuH&,f uk, d o hf abm jyefr,f? ukd,fraumif;&if ukd,fyJcHMuuG,f? ukd,faumif;&if ukd,fyJpH&r,f? vrf;jyolujy? vkdufemolu vkdufemygowJh/ "r®ygv ykPmÖ ;Bu;D ESiyfh ak PÖ;rBu;D wd\ Yk om;&wemav;trnf r S m vnf ; "r® y gv owk d Y o m;&,f v d k Y trnf a y;/ 'D u av;u bk&m; avmif;jzpfw,f/ ESpfa[mif;awGukefvdkY ESpfopf awGa&muf? toufaxmufvkduf&if? wpfq,hf ajcmuft&G,af &mufawmh? rdbrsm;&JU arwå m apwemt& om;orD ; wd k Y t ay: qif p D ; vd k Y j rif ; &H w muk d o m jrif c sif M uonh f tavsmuf om;uav; wpf e ,f w pf & G m ? ynmoifvw T rf yS v J ?Ydk om;a& vluav; "r®ygv cPvm uG 'Dukd? ighom;t&G,fa&mufvmNyD? wuúokdvf q&mxH avmuD avmukwå&mESpfvD wdk;yGm; tusK;d rsm;&ef ynmoifomG ;&ruGUJ ? yxrt&G,f q&maumif;ESihf pD;yGm;a&;oif&vQif txuf wef;pm; olaX;jzpfEkdifowJh? rdwfaumif;aqG aumif;? q&maumif;ESihf edAÁmefa&mufaMumif; w&m;oifMum;&vQif &[EÅmjzpfEkdifygowJh/ yxrt&G,fwGif roif&í 'kwd, t&G , f u srS rd w f a umif ; aqG a umif ; q&maumif; ESifh oifMum;&vQif 'kw, d wef;pm; olaX;jzpfEkdif ygowJh? w&m;oifMum;&vQif tem*grf wnfEkdif ygowJh/ 'kwd,t&G,fwGif rdwfaumif;aqG aumif; q&maumif;ESifh roifMum;&bJ wwd, t&G,fusrS oifMum;&ygu wwd,wef;pm; olaX;jzpfEkdifygowJh/ w&m;oifMum;&ygu ou'g*grf wnfEkdifygowJh/ t&G,fokH;yg; ukefqkH;í pD;yGm;OpömrjynfhpkHygvQif cGufukd vufrSmqGJí awmif;pm;&efom&SdawmhaMumif; twkr&Sd Ak'¨jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu vlom;tm;vkH; wdYk csr;f oma&;twGuf a[mMum;awmfro l nfudk owdBuD;pGmjzihf i,f&G,fpOfumv? todynm? twwfynm pkHvifpGm wwfajrmufatmif wuú o k d v f r k d ; ck d u m ynmoif o G m ;&ruG , f h om;&J U }} i,f u ynmroif & S m BuD ; vm cufrnfrSwf? ynm ta&mif xGef;vif;ajymifrS aemif c gaemif a &; taevS r S m rk d Y tazu
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a&m*gzd? rcsw D &deaYJ oqk;H oGm;wm? "r®ygvMum; awmh a[h ol i ,f c sif ; wd k Y td r f a y:u qlqn l n H ?H iko d aH wGMum;? q&mBu;D vnf; rsuEf mS rvS n§Kd;acG? q&muawmfBuD;uvnf; ysufpD;zkdY tajcrSdef a&wdrfepfygaygharmif&JUeJY/ bmjzpfaeMuwmvJ? tJ'g q&mBu;D &JU om; acgif;xJuukdufcJ rkdufceJjzpfNyD; aooGm; wmuG? i,fi,f&G,f&G,feJY aow,fqkdwm rMum;zl;ygvm;? taqG "r®ygv? aow,fqkdwm BuD; w,fi,fw,f t&G,fra&G; aoMuwmygyJ/ 'DvkduG igwdkY&GmrSm i,fi,feJYaowmr&Sdbl;/ tbk;d tzGm;t&G,u f srS rae&vkYd aoMu&w,f? xkt d cg oabmruswhJ wynhaf wGu q&mBu;D ukd wkid Mf uyga&m? q&mBu;D u xkid &f mrS a[h "r®ygv? cPvmuG? "r®ygv q&mBuD;a&SU a&muf vuftkyfcsD ½kd½kdaoaoESihfxkdifum q&mocif uRef a wmf h u k d ac:ygovm;/ at;at; ar;p&m&Sd? rif;wdkYtrsKd;tEG,fawG i,fi,f&G,f&G,feJY raoMubl;vdkY igMum;w,f? tJ ' g rS e f o vm;? rS e f y gw,f q&mocif ? ighwynhf ajymwmMum;&awmh tHMh ozG,af umif;? b,f taMumif;aMumifhqkdwm tckod&atmif pkHprf; tkH;rSyJvdkYqkdNyD; "r®ygv? igrjyefcif &SdorQ wynfh tm;vkH; todwkd;zkdYtwGuf ynmoifay;&ef rSmMum;Ny;D q&mBu;D vnf; wynhrf sm;tazmfac:? &SmazGxm;wJhqdwf½kd;wpfrsKd;xkyf? wHykd;wkyfNyD; xrf;vmMu? "r®ygv&GmBuD;&Sd&m oGm;MupkdY? rsm;rMum "r®ygv&GmBuD;a&mufvmMu? a[h wynhfwdkY a[m'Dqdwf½kd;ukd wdwfwckd;? b,fol ar;ar;? a&G;rQrajymMueJY? ajymjyawmh bmjzpf wke;f q&mBu;D ? [,f ajymjy&if ausmcsr,frw S ?f qdw½f ;dk jyNy;D "r®ygvaoqk;H oGm;aMumif; olrY b d awGukd ajym&rSm[/ wuú o k d v f q &mBuD ; vma&muf aMumif; od&onhftcg? "r®ygvykPÖm;BuD;ESihf &Gmol&mG om;wku Yd vma&mufNy;D BuKq d Mdk uw,f/ (xD;,l? zdeyf,l? wynfhwdkYxHrStxkyf) ukd,lMu? q&morm;qkdawmh ta&;xm; av;pm;vsuf &SdMuwmayhg? ykPÖm;BuD;u <uygq&mBuD; <uyg [k zdwfac:? tdrf&SifwkdY0wå&m;twkdif; pwkr"k a&mpyfwJhaxmywfeJY {nhfcHauR;arG;vdkYtNyD; wuúov dk q f &mBu;D u oiho f m; "r®ygv aoqk;H í vmtaMumif;Mum;wm? a[m'gu oif\ om;t½k d ; jyvk d u f ? trsKd ; rsKd ; ajymaomf v nf ; pmrsuf E S m 34 ok d Y
DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/
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"r® d u m½H k q &mawmf OD ; Owå r \ wynhf armifodef;atmifonf vlxGuf rdef;r ,lNyD; tvkyfudkvufaMumwif;atmif rvkyfo jzihf rdef;rESihf cPcPpum;rsm;&efjzpf&onf/ armifodef;atmiftm; olYrdef;ru pD ; yG m ;a&;vk y f c d k i f ; wd k i f ; ]oEÅ K |D - &wmES i h f a&mih f & J & r,f v d k Y bk & m;u a[mMum;xm; NyD;om;yJ bmjzpfvdkY eifu tukodkvfjzpfwJh avmbaZmawG wdkufae&ovJ} [k tNrJckcH ajymqdkavh&Sdonf/ wpfaeYwGif olwdkYvifr,m; q&m awmfxHqGrf;tkyfvmydkYMu&if; armifodef;atmif \r,m; raiGwifu armifodef;atmif tvkyf rvkyfaMumif;? &wmESihf a&mihf&J&rnfqdkae aMumif;? vlavmuvlYb0wGif om;a&; orD; a&;? rif;a&;? pdk;a&;? usef;rma&;? &yfa&;&Gma&; ponfjzihf ukefusrnfh aiGawGrsm;vSygaMumif;? odkYtwGuf t&Sifbk&m;&JU wynhfudk vufausm wif; tvkyv f yk af tmif qH;k ray;ygOD; bk&m;} [k avQmufxm;avonf/ xdkYtwGuf q&mawmfu wynhfjzpf oludk tusKd;taMumif;ar;NyD;]at; okre vlYavmu vlYb0rSm ae&if rif;'umr ajymwmrSefw,f? oEÅK|Dqdk wmu &[ef;awGtwGuf tvdkenf;&rSmudk a[mxm;wm? rif;wdkY vlYavmuom; vlawG twGuf OpömpD;yGm;&SdrS wihfw,fr,f? ta&; t&mawGrSm aiG&SdrS tqifajyr,f r[kwfvm;? 'gaMumifh bk&m;&Sifu rif; vlom;awG pD;yGm; jzpf&ef? vkyf&ef? orÜ'gav;yg;ESihf ,o0¹e w&m; ckepfyg;udk aqmif&GufMuzdkY a[mxm; w,fr[kwv f m;? tJ'g w&m;awGuadk um rif;wdYk odMu&JUvm;} [k q&mawmfu a[m&if;ar;
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4/ edor®um&Daem em= pl;prf;qifjcifí jyKavh &Sd\/ 5/ onwó onwó= udk,fEIwf pdwfudk apmihfpnf; Ekdifjcif;/ em w&m;ojzihf toufarG;jcif;/ 6/ "r®ZD0daem= 7/ tyÜrwå,=ukodkvfaumif;rIü rarhravsmh aejcif;/ tJ ' D (7)rsKd ; ES i h f nD a tmif u sih f N yD ; vkyfygrS Opöm pD;yGm; wdk;wufNyD; rif;wdkYvdkcsifwJh touf & S n f w m ol w umu av;pm;wm udk,fajymorQatmifrSmaygYuGJU/ bmrSrvkyfbJ oEÅK|Dae&ifawmh ikwf wkwx f ikd if wfomG ;rSmaygYuUJG / rif;'DaeYupNyD; tvkyfudk BudK;pm; vkyfayawmh rdef;r pdwfysufwJh vifa,musfm; rjzpfapeJY[k qdkqHk;rum vTwfvdkufavonf/ armif o d e f ; atmif u vnf ; wif y gY b k & m;[k 0efcHNyD; jyefoGm;Muonf/ aemuf E S p f v Mumaomf a rmif o d e f ; atmif w d k Y vif r ,m; ausmif ; a&muf v mí q&mawmfu rdaiGwifudk armifodef;atmif tvkyfawG BudK;pm;vkyfaeNyDvm;[k ar;onf/ ]trav;bk&m; t&Sib f &k m;wynhu f acG;NrD;aumuf usnfawmufpGyfwpfcPwmyJ bk&m;? olu wynhfawmfudk pD;yGm;Opöm wtm; &Smwmudk MunhfNyD; ao&ifxm;cJh&rSmawGudk avmbaZmwd k u f a ewm oem;owJ h b k & m;? wynhfawmfruawmh olYudkMunhfNyD; pdwfnpf w,fbk&m;} [k avQmufxm;onf/ tif; rif;wdkY vifr,m;uawmh wdkY anmif y if o m q&myd e f & J U r,m;uajymwJ h twdkif;jzpfaeNyDuGJU/ taMumif;uav; tus,fodyg&ap bk&m; ]at; a&S;u wdkYanmifyifom&GmrSm q&mydeq f w kd hJ vuform;q&mBu;D wpfO;D &Sw d ,f? olu olYxufi,fwJh r,m;udk ,lxm;awmh ol r,m;av? olwum tdraf xmif&iS f rde;f rawGvkd wifhwifhw,fw,f vSvSyy pm;aomufaexdkif 0wfpm;qif,ifaexdkif&ef wtm;tvkyf vkyf owJh/ tvkyfudk &GmrSmwifr[kwf? NrdKUwumNrdKU e,fwume,fvu kd Nf y;D avmbaZmESifh vkyo f wJ/h pmrsuf E S m 36 ok d Y
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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yihu f Bl u;D udk qwfceJqpJG m;vku d yf gw,f/ zGw&f UJ wdu k cf u kd rf aI Mumifh yifu h Bl u;D [m r[mowdy|me okwfudk tm½HkjyKae&if; aooGm;&Smw,f/ yifhulBuD;[m awmifydkYMum;rSmaewJh t[dwfwd&pämefjzpfjcif;aMumifh omrefwd&pämef wpfaumifuo hJ Ykd aooGm;rnfqykd gu aumif;wJh b0udk a&mufzdkYqdkwm b,fvdkrSrjzpfEdkifbl;/ 'gayr,hf r[mowdy|meokwfudk Mum;em&if; b0ul;oGm;wJhtwGuf vlYb0udk a&muf&o dS mG ;um vlb Y 0rSmvnf; wdó[laom trnfjzihf csrf;om<u,f0pGmjzihf ae&ygw,f/ vlYb0uae aovGefjyefawmhvnf; ewfjynfukd a&muf&o dS mG ;ygw,f/ 'g[m wd&pämef wpfaumifjzpfvihu f pm; w&m;awmfukd Mum;em &jcif;aMumifh jrifhjrwfwJhbHkb0awGudk a&muf&Sd oGm;wmyg/ tu,fí tod Ó Pf & S d w J h vl w pf a,mufqdkygu ydkNyD;awmh tqihfjrifhwJh bHkb0 awG r S m cH p m;pH p m;Ed k i f y gw,f / w&m;awmf qd k w m vd k u f e musih f o H k ; cH , l o l a wG u d k tcsd e f r a&G ; ? ae&m ra&G ; ? £&d , myk x f ra&G ; tusd K ;ay;Ed k i f w J h t pG r f ; owå d a wG &S d y gw,f / ol w pf y g;wd k Y a[mMum;awmf r l w J h w&m;awmfudk emMum;vdkYyJjzpfjzpf? emvdkYodxm; wJh w&m;udkusihfBuHwmyJjzpfjzpf usihfBuHrIwkdif; [m tusdK;tmedoifay;ygw,f/ w&m;tm;xk w f w J h a e&mrS m vnf ; trsm;BuD ; od x m;p&mrvd k y gbl ; / wpf c k o d wpfckusihf wpfcktm;xkwf&ifyJ a&wGufr&Edkif atmif tusdK;tmedoifawGay;wwfygw,f/ Oyrmtm;jzih f w&m;tMumBuD ; xdkifzdkY tcsdefray;EdkifwJhtcg vrf;oGm;&if;? um;pD ; &if ; rd r d & J U vI y f & S m ;rI a v;awG od a e wm[m w&m;ygyJ / 'grS r [k w f bk & m;*k P f a wmf ? w&m;*k P f a wmf ? oH C m*k P f a wmf a wG u d k yG m ;rsm;aewm[mvnf ; w&m;tvk y f u d k vk y f w mygyJ / ta&;BuD ; wmu ,H k M unf r I &SdaezdkYygyJ/ 'geJYywfoufNyD; oD[dkVf0w¬Kav; wpfyk'fudk a&;jycsifygao;w,f/ zwfMunhf ygOD;../ wpfcgu oD[dkVfuRef;rSm t&Sifzkó a'0qdw k hJ rax&fjrwfwpfyg;&Scd zhJ ;l ygw,f/ tJ'D rax&faewJhausmif;trnfu ]u#tE¨um&} vdaYk c:wJh ausmif;wku d yf g/ tJ'rD ax&frmS tvGef xl;jcm;wJh usihfpOfav;wpfck&Sdygw,f/ tJ'gu awmh t&Sif[m aeYpOfaeYwkdif; Ak'¨gEkówd*kPf
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/ awmfudk yGm;rsm;wmyg/ *kPfawmfyGm;rsm;wJhol tzdkY ig;yg;? &Spfyg;pwJh oDvNrJaezdkYvdkygw,f/ bmaMumif h v J q d k a wmh ud a vom [l u jrLrQyif r &S d a om bk & m;&S i f & J U *k P f a wmf u d k yG m ;rsm;wJ h a e&mrS m rd r d uk d , f w d k i f v nf ; oD v jzLpif p G m jzih f jrwf p G m bk&m;&Sif&JU *kPfawmfudkyGm;rsm;ygu ydkNyD; awmh tusd K ;BuD ; rm;vd k Y y g/ aemufwpfcsufu pdwfNidrfrI&atmif pum;ajym&if; ryGm;rsm;oihfygbl;/ (wcsdKUu pum;awGajymae&if; wpfckckudk&Gwfqdkaewm udk awGU&ygw,f/) *kPfawmfudk taotcsm tm½HkrjyKEdkifrSmpdk;vdkYyg/ bk&m;*kPfawmfyGm;rsm; pOfrmS vJ *kPaf wmfwpfyg;wnf;udyk if txyfxyf r&Gwfqdkoifhygbl;/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh-orm"d r &ao;cif *k P f a wmf wpf y g;wnf ; ud k o mpG J í txyf x yf t m½H k j yK aevQif aysmf a rG U zG , f a umif ; aom usOf ; ajrmif ; aom O,smOf u d k Mum&S n f p G m rMunh f c sif o uJ h o d k Y xd k * k P f a wmf w pf y g; wnf;ü pdwftpOfraysmfarGUbJ ysHUvGihfwwf vd k Y y gyJ / 'gaMumif h . ..*k P f a wmf u d k ; yg;ud k wpfyg;ESifhwpfyg; vGJumz,fum tm½HkjyKae& aomtcg odomus,f0ef;í yef;rsdK;pHkaom O,smOfBuD;wGif aysmfNyD;&if;aysmf&if;jzpfouJhodkY bk&m;*kPfawmfudk tm½HkjyKaeol\ pdwf"mwf vnf; rjywfMunfEl;csrf;ajrU½Hkru tawmfMum vQif *kPfawmfwpfyg;yg;ü orm"dpl;pdkufvmyg vdrrhf nf/ (þaqmif;yg;aemufü bk&m;*kPaf wmf udk;yg;udk azmfjyxm;ygw,f/) t&S i f z k ó a'0[m bk & m;&S i f & J U *kPfawmfudk yGm;rsm;EdkifzdkY apwDawmf&JU &ifjyif ay:rSm wHjrufvn S ;f jcif; paom a0,sm0pörsm; udk jyKvkyf&if;yGm;rsm;aewmyg/ wH j ruf v S n f ; &wJ h ol Y t wG u f tusd K ;w&m; ig;yg;uvnf ; &&S d y gw,f / tJ ' D i g;yg;uawmh . .. 1/ ol w pf y g;ud k pd w f M unf v if a pw,f / 2/ rd r d & J U ud k , f p d w f Munf v if a pw,f / 3/ ewf a wG cspf j rwf E d k ; w,f / 4/ ½k y f & nf t qif ; vS w ,f / 5/ aowJ h t cg ewf j ynf a &muf y gw,f / wpfaeYusawmh t&Sifzkóa'0u apwD&ifjyifBu;D wpfcv k ;kH udk wHjrufpnf;vSNJ y;D wJh tcg ouFef;udk taotcsm½HkNyD; nDnmjyefYjyK; oef&Y iS ;f aeaom apwD&ifjyifBu;D udk ai;Munhaf e
rdygw,f/ nDnmjyefjY yL;aom apwD&ifjyifBu;D udk Munhf&if; jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif&JU *kPfawmfrsm;udk yGm;rsm;aeojzihf t&Sifzkóa'0&ifxJrSpí wpfudk,fvHk; yDwdrsm; pdrfhjzmíwufvmygw,f/ t&Sifjrwfu rwfwyfuav;&yfNyD; rsufpdudk pHkrSdwfum t&[Hpaom *kPfawmfrsm; udk wpfckNyD;wpfck ESvHk;oGif;vkduf\/ t&[H - avmb? a'go? arm[ ponf h ud a vomtyl tnpf c yf o d r f ; ud k wpf p uf r Q r<uif ; usef & atmif t<uif ; rJ h uif;awmfrNl y;D onfjzpfí vlç ewfç jA[®m owå0g tm;vHk;rSm OD;cdkufylaZmf cH,lawmfrlxdkufaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/ t&Sifjrwf[m twefMum bk&m;*kPf awmfrsm;udk yGm;rsm;NyD;aemuf rsufvHk;zGifhum &ifjyifawmfuMkd unhv f u dk af wmh pdwx f rJ mS rESpNf rKd U p&mtaMumif;wpfckudk awGUvkdufw,f/ tJ'DjrifuGif;udk awGUvkdufawmh t&Sif jrwf & J U pd w f E S v H k ; [m aemuf u sd o G m ;w,f / MunhfygOD;../ oefY&Sif;aeaom apwDawmf&JU &ifjyifay:udk arsmufBuD;wpfaumifu EGm;acs; ajcmufrsm;udk ajcrGum wufvmaevdkYygyJ/ t&Sifjrwf[m arsmufBuD;u a&SUu ajcrGoGm;wJh EGm;acs;ajcmufawGudk vkduf&Sif;&if; pdwfu rcsrf;ajrUovdk orm"dw&m;awGvnf; vGifhyg;oGm;ygw,f/ 'geJY t&Sifzkóa'0[m ausmif;udk jyef<uvmcJhygw,f/ aemuf w pf a eY u sjyef a wmh v nf ; t&Sifzkóa'0[m t&ifaeYuvdkyJ apwDawmf udk oefY&Sif;NyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif&JU*kPfawmfawG udk tm½Hjk yKNy;D apwD&ifjyifukd vSr;f Munhv f u dk w f hJ tcg.. EGm;tdkBuD;wpfaumifu apwD&ifjyif ay:udk a&mufvmNy;D EGm;acs;awGukd ygcsvu dk yf g w,f/ t&Sifjrwf[m EGm;tdkBuD;ygcsvkdufwJh EGm;acs;awGukd oef&Y iS ;f a&;vkyaf wmh orm"dawG u jyefNyD;awmh ysHUvGihfoGm;ygw,f/ t&Sifzkó a'0tzdYk &[EÅmjzpfEikd af vmufwhJ oDv? orm"d? &Sdaomfvnf; taESmuft,Suf0ifvmojzihf orm"d a wG rpk p nf ; Ed k i f b J ausmif ; ud k jyefvmcJh&jyefygw,f/ aemufwpfaeY-ESpfBudrfwkdifatmif taESmuft,Suf awG0ifvmojzihf t&SifjrwfzdkY owd? orm"dudk ydkNyD;awmhtm;pdkufum oefY&Sif;a&;udk jyKvkyfrdyg w,f/ 'DwpfBudrfvnf; taESmuft,Sufu 0ifvmjyefygw,f/ tJ'guawmh.. ajcaxmufaumufaeolwpfa,muf
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apwD&ifjyifay: wufvmwJhtcgrSm (ajcu w&GwfqGJcJh&ojzihf) oJawGygvmygw,f/ olu a&SUuoGm;? rax&fu aemufuvdkuf&Sif;&if; pdwfxJrSm tawG;wpfcku zswfceJ0ifvmyg w,f/ ]]wpf,lZem ywf0ef;usiftwGif;rSm&Sd wJh ig\&GmxJrmS awmh 'Davmuf½yk yf suq f if;ysuf pufqyk pf &maumif;wJo h rl &Syd gbl;/ rm&fewfrsm; jzpf a ervm;}} [k rax&f j rwf & J U pd w f x J r S m tawG;ay:vmwmeJY ajccGifaewJhvludk.. ]]rif;- rm&fewfyJ r[kwfvm;}} ½kwfw&uf t&Sifjrwfu ar;vkduf awmh... ]]rSefyg? wynhfawmf rm&fewfyg/ ,ck t&Sifbk&m;udk vSnhfpm;í r&Edkifawmhyg}} rm&fewf&JU 0efcHpum;udkMum;awmh t&Sifzkóa'0tzdkY olY&ifxJrSm&SdwJhtawG;av; wpfck&Sdygw,f/ tJ'gudk rm&fewfudk tultnD awmif;zdkYvnf; pdwful;rdw,f/ tJ'guawmh tjcm;r[kwfay/ Ak'¨gEkówdur®|mef;udk tpOfyGm;rsm; aewJhvltzdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif&JU *kPfawmfawG udk ESpf&Snfvrsm;yGm;rsm;vmawmh *kPfawmfESihf yHkawmfudkygwGJNyD; tm½HkjyKcsifaeawmh rm&fewf udk.. ]]oif bk&m;&Siu f kd zl;awGUzl;ygovm;}} ]]zl;awGUzl;ygw,f}} 'Dawmh t&Sifzkóa'0u]]rm&fewfqdkwm tvGefwefcdk;BuD;yg w,f/ bk&m;&SifESihf oP²mefwlatmif wqdwf zefqif;jyprf;yg}} t&Sizf ó k a'0&JU awmif;qdw k hJ pum; oHudk Mum;awmh rm&fewfu.. ]]t&Sifbk&m; wynhfawmf bk&m;&Sif ESifh toGifwlatmif rzefqif;Edkifyg/ odkYaomf tweftoihfwl½Hkawmh zefqif;jyyghr,f}} avQmufxm;Ny;D rm&fewfBu;D u bk&m; &Sif&JU oP²mefudk zefqif;jyNyD; t&Sifzkóa'0 a&SUrSm &yfaeygw,f/ t&Sifjrwf[m rm&fewf zefqif;xm;aom bk&m;&SifoP²mefudkMunhfNyD;? ]]aMomf..&m*? a'go? arm[awG &SdaewJh rm&fewfawmif 'Davmufwihfw,fao; vQif &m*? a'go? arm[&S d a wmf r rl a om bk&m;&Sifqdk&if 'Dxufyifydkí wihfw,fawmfrl vdrrfh ,f}} t&Sifzkóa'0[m bk&m;&Sifudk ydkNyD; awmh MunfndKpdwfawG 0ifvmygawmhw,f/ bk&m;&Sifudk ydkíMunfndKvmavav bk&m;
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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jynfhpHkawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;/ *k P f a wmf y G m ;rsm;&jcif ; tusd K ;rsm; 1/ bk & m;t ay:wG i f Munf n d K usd K ;EG H r I m;tay:wG yd k r d k M unf v if vmjcif v mjcif; / 2/ trS w f t od a umif ; NyD ; td k r if ; aomf ol i ,f r jyef r½ r½ll ; oG y f E d k i f b J tod Ó Pf E S i f h uk o d k v f w k d ; yG m ;;vmjcif vmjcif ; / 3/ ES p f o uf 0 rf ; ajrmuf r I yd k r d k r sm;jym;vm jcif ; / 4/ qif ; &J r I B uD ; i,f w d k Y w G i f cH E d k i f & nf & S d v m jcif ; / 5/ bk & m;&S i f E S i h f t wl j yK&ouJ h o d k Y j zpf N yD ; rdbESihftwl jyK&olwGif tumtuG,fBuD; wpf c k & &S d v monf E S , f yl y ef a Mumif h M urI uif ; vmjcif ; / 6/ rd r d w pf u d k , f v H k ; ü *k P f a wmf p d r f h 0 if N yD ; xHkaeojzihf rdrdcE¨mudk,fonf apwDozG,f qd k u f a &muf j cif ; / 7/ bk&m;jzpfrIoabmudk pdwftpOfñGwfvm jcif ; / 8/ rd r d a &S U arS m uf ü bk & m;&S i f < ua&muf oD w if ; oH k ; aeonf [ l í pd w f x if u m raumif ; rI u d k j yKvk y f & ef &S u f & G H U aMumuf v ef Y vmjcif ; / 9/ psmef ? r*f ? zd k v f r&ao;onh f w d k i f ok * wd b 0ES i h f w uG vl e wf p nf ; pd r f w d k Y u d k &&S d j cif ; / pH & d y f N id r f q &mawmf aumif;zkdYyguvm;vdkY jrwfaomyÍöoD ykqkd; cg;0wfrsKd;? rusKd;ap&? xdef;odrf;MuwJhoabm? "ar® m [a0 &u© w d "r® p m&D j zih f tvD v D usufoa&vTrf;NyD; i,fi,f&G,f&G,feJY touf rao? temuif;vdkY touf&SnfNyD; tukef tpifjyef&vQif ok*wdbkHrsm;ü jzpfaMumif;? Zmwf a wmf u k d a ygif ; aomf 'd o m ygarmu©q&mBuD;u &Sifom&dykwå&mtavmif;? "r®ygvykPmÖ ;Bu;D ESifh ykaPÖ;rBu;D wdu Yk r,fawmf crnf;awmftavmif;? "r®ygvom;awmfu a*gwrbk&m;jzpfygaMumif; "r®ygvZmwfvrf; tpOfrysuaf tmif rSww f rf;wifvNYkd y;D ygownf;/ Äpdwfaumif;&Sd oDvNrJ csrf;omMurnfrvGJ/ Ätvdr®m pmrSm&Sd Ak'¨pmayMunhf/ '*k H q &mxG e f ;
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tm;ay;pum;ajym&rSef;vnf; rodjzpfaeyg onf/ usvkuscif rsuf&nfpukd owdESihf xdef; xm;vkduf&ygonf/ uRefrrSm oDv&Sif0wf½kHukd qifjref;xm;aomfvnf; omrefykxkZOfwpfOD; om jzpfygao;onf/ ]]'geJY b,fvkdjzpfoGm;wmvJ}} ]]NyD;cJhwJh wpfvavmufuwnf;u &ifbwfu atmifhNyD;emaevdkY rdwåDvmaq;½kHrSm wuf&ao;w,f? oufomvdkYqif;vmawmh olYtdrfrjyefbJ tarhtdrfukd vkdufaew,fav? (a,mif;rti,frrSm olrwd\ Yk rdcifBu;D ESifh twl aeygonf) tcktdrfrSm pm;aq;pm;NyD; em;ae wm ESpfywfavmufyJ&Sdao;w,f}} ]]q&m0efu bmajymvJ}} ]]ESv;Hk a&m*gvkYd ajymwmyJ? rEÅav;ukd oGm;jyzkdY pDpOfaewkef; ½kwfw&ufBuD; jzpfoGm; wm}} ]]tif;.. jrefvkdufwm}} ]]rrBu;D u rqk;H cifav;wif ajymoGm; ao;wm? olYrSm t&ifu bma&m*grSr&SdcJhzl;bl;? wpf c gwpf & H r S Ak d u f a tmih f ? acgif ; uk d u f w m avmuf y J & S d w m? tuk d u f t cJ a ysmuf a q; aomuf v k d u f a wmh aysmuf o G m ;a&m? igwd k Y
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/
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arwåmw&m;ESihf,SOfum opömw&m;eJYaeyg tyÜ r m'Mobmo-oxk H
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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toifbmaMumihf onfrSmpGJ? qufvufNyD;awmh aeovJ/ Ä uJç em;axmifMunhf aus;rif;tajz? avmuBuD;rSm rdwfaumif;aqG/ csrf;omqif;&Jtwlae? rauGruGJ ckdifckdifNrJ? oufq;Hk wkid v f ufw/JG Ä qufNyD;ívnf; ajymao;yg? aus;rif;a[mwJh w&m;rSm/ b,faomcgrS þtyiftm;? uREfkyfpGefYcGmroGm;/ Ä þtyifum; trSefvQif? uREkfyfaqGrsKd;yif? rdwfaqGaumif;vnf; jzpfonfyif/ aumif;pm;pOfu rSDckdNyD;? qif;&JbmaMumihf pGefYrnfenf;/ Ä odMum;rif;vnf; 0rf;ajrmufpGm? rdwfaumif;yDo aus;vdr®m/ vkd&mqkukd awmif;omawmif;? qE´jynhfapaMumif;/ Ä qkawmif;yg\ aus;vdr®m? wpfjcm;qkukd rawmif;yg/ þopfyifom a&S;utwkdif;? awmif;yefoljzpfckdif;/ Ä rqkdif;rwG odMum;&Sif? **Fgjrpfa& ,lNyD;vQif/ a&ozef;yif tay:zsef;? a&S;utwkdif; yGifhvef;/ / txufyg ]r[mok0&mZm} Zmwfukd tcgwpfyg; jrwfpmG bk&m;&Sif aZw0efausmif;ü oD w if ; ok H ; awmf r l p Of rxif & S m ;aom&[ef ; wpf y g;uk d taMumif ; jyKí a[mMum;jcif ; jzpfygonf/ xk d & [ef ; rS m jrwf p G m bk & m;xH r S ur®|mef;ukd,lí aumovZeyk'fwpfae&mü ae\/ &Gmol&Gmom;wdkYonf qif;&JMuojzihf aumif ; rG e f a omqG r f ; uk d r &/ xk d & [ef ; onf oif h w ih f a omausmif ; uk d & aomf v nf ; qG r f ;
aMumihf yifyef;&onfjzpfí aumif;pGmw&m; tm;xkwjf cif;rjyKEidk /f xkaYd Mumihf r*fuv dk nf;r&? zdkvfukdvnf;r&jzpfacs\/ okH;vvGefí jrwfpGm bk&m;tm; &Sdckd;&efvmaom xkd&[ef;ukd bk&m; &S i f o nf EI w f q uf v suf avsmuf y wf a om ausmif;ukd&ovm;? qGrf;uGrf; ryifyef;bJ&Sdyg ovm; [líar;\/ jrwfpmG bk&m;&Sirf mS xk&d [ef; oifw h ifh aomausmif;&onf\tjzpfukd odawmfrl\/ xkdYaMumihf xdk&[ef;tm; &[ef;rnfonfrSm oih f w ih f a omausmif ; uk d & vQif &orQaom ypö n f ; tok H ; taqmif w d k Y u k d rQwa&mih f & J N yD ; w&m; tm;xkw&f m\/ a&S;tcgu ynm&Sw d rYdk mS wd&pämeftrsKd;ü jzpfMu&aomfvnf; opfyif ajcmufrS trIefYwdkYudkpm;í a&mihf&JNyD; rdwfaqG 0wå&m;udk rzsuf? xkdopfyifukd rpGefYcGmbJ pGJNrJ íaecJhavonf/ þokdYjzpfvsuf oif&[ef;rSm qGr;f uGr;f ukd pm;&½kjH zihf bmaMumihf avQmufywf aomausmif;ukd pGe&Yf oenf;[k rdeu Yf m xk&d [ef; u awmif;yefavQmufxm;ojzihf twdwfukd aqmifawmfrlygonf/ twd w f \ t&d y f a&S;oa&mtcg [dr0EÅmü **Fgjrpfem; &Sd a&ozef;yifwpfyifwGif aus;om;rsm;pGm aexkdifMu\/ xkdaus;wdkYonf xkdozef;yifrS pm;p&mrsm;ukefaomf xkdtyifudkpGefYí t&yf wpfyg;odkY ajymif;a&GUysHoef;oGm;Muavonf/ xkdtyifü wpfaumifwnf;aomaus;omvQif usef&pf\/ aemufqkH; pm;p&mr&Sdaomf tcGH tacgufwdkYukdpm;í **Fgjrpfa&ukdaomufNyD;ae \/ tcGt H acgufwyYdk if r&Sad omfjim; opfajcmuf yif\ a[mif;avmif;aygufwkdYrSxGufusaom trIefYwdkYukdpm;í **Fgjrpfa&ukdaomufvsuf xkdtyifikwfwkdrSmyif pGJNrJpGmae\/ xkdtcg odMum;rif;onf raeomawmhbJ vljY ynfoq Ykd if; vmum [oFmrif;toGifukd,lí xkdwpfaumif wnf;aom aus;tm;ar;\/ xkt d yifü pm;p&m r&Sí d toD;oD;aomiSuw f o Ykd nf t&yfwpfyg;odYk oGm;ukefMuNyD/ oifu rnfonhftwGufaMumihf þtyifrS rcGmEkdif&oenf;[k ar;\/ xkdtcg aus;rif;u [oFmrif;ukd jyefíajymavonf/ avmuBuD ; wG i f rd w f a qG a umif ; qk d o nf r S m
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ csrf;omqif;&J oufqkH;wkdifvufwGJí aeoGm; Mu&rnfomjzpf\/ uREyfk o f nf rnfonht f cgrS þopfyifudk xm;&pfí tjcm;wpfyg;odo Yk mG ;vdrhf rnfr[kw/f þtyifonf uREyfk \ f aqGrsK;d vnf; [k w f \ / rd w f a umif ; aqG r G e f v nf ; rS e f \ / od k Y p if v suf ol a umif ; pm; wk e f ; u olYudkrSDckdíaeNyD; ol'ku©a&mufaomtcg wGifrS olu Y dk tb,fah Mumihf pGecYf mG oGm;&ygrnf enf;[k qufíqkdavonf/ aus;rif ; \pum;uk d M um;&vQif od M um;rif ; onf 0rf ; ajrmuf 0 rf ; omjzpf \ / rdwaf qGaumif;yDoaom aus;rif;\pum;wkrYd mS odMum;rif;udk yDwdjzpfapavonf/ xkdYaMumihf odMum;rif;u ¤if;ukd vk&d mqkawmif;yg? jynhaf p ygrnf [ k qk d a vonf / aus;rif ; onf wpfjcm;qkukdrawmif;bJ þa&ozef;yifBuD; onf a&S;uuJhodYk zGHUxGm;pnfum; &SifoefzkdY&ef om qkawmif;\/ odMum;rif;vnf; **FgjrpfrS a&ukd,lum xkdopfacsmufikwfwdkukd zsef;yuf onf&Sdaomf a&ozef;yifonf a&S;uuJhokdYyif jyef v nf & S i f o ef í oD ; yG i f h a 0qmjzpf v m avonf/ Zmwfaygif;aomfa&mihf&Jonf;cHjcif;r&Sdaom xkdrxif &Sm;aom&[ef;onf jrwfpmG bk&m;\ tqk;H tr aMumihf rlvausmif;odkYjyefoGm;NyD; w&m;usihf&m t&[wåzkdvfodkY qkdufa&mufav\/ ,ck &SiftEk½k'¨grax&fum; xkdtcg u odMum;rif;jzpfí ,cktcg igbk&m;um; xkdtcgu aus;rif;jzpfcJhzl;NyD[k Zmwfaygif; awmfrlygonf/ aZmf a emif usrf ; uk d ; ig;&mhig;q,f Zmwfedygwfawmf (r[mok0&mZmZmwf) anmifuefq&mawmf/ pmrsuf E S m 37 rS &GufwJhtcgjzpfap? 0pDuHrIudkajymqdkwJhtcg jzpfap? raemuHtrIudkawG;ac:qifjcifwJhtcg jzpfap "r®ESihftnD jyKrlaqmif&Gufoihfygw,f/ 'DvdkrSr[kwf&if "r®&JUqefYusifbuf t"r®tjzpfukd ausmef if;usL;vGerf w d wfygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm wlnDwJhtusdK;qufawG[m raumif; wJ h t usd K ;quf a wG o mjzpf a y:vmEd k i f N yD ; rsufarSmufb0? oHo&mb0awGrSmyg qif;&J trSefudkvnf; &&SdcHpm;vm&rSmyJjzpfygw,f/ 'hgaMumihf "r®ESifhtnDaqmif&Gufjcif;
onf om rdrdudk,fudk rdrdtrSefcspf&ma&mufyg w,f/ ajym&r,fqdk&if rdrd&&SdvdkwJh &mxl;? pnf;pdrfOpömxuf udk,ft*Fgtpdwftydkif;u ydw k efz;kd &Sd ydjk rwfygw,f/ ud, k t f *Fgtpdwt f ydik ;f rsm;xuf touf Z D 0 u yd k N yD ; jrwf y gw,f / toufZD0xuf olawmfaumif;w&m;jzpfwJh "r®u ydkvdkYjrwfvSygw,f/ tckawmh awmapmifhewf (½ku©pdk;) awG[m rdrdwdkYcHpm;ae&wJh taeqif;&Jjcif; 'kuu © kd rcHpm;vdak wmhwt hJ wGuf &[ef;awmfrsm; udk qufvufraeEdkifawmhatmif trsdK;rsdK; ajcmufvSefYjcif;[m t"r®eJYjyKrlaqmif&Gufjcif; om jzpfygw,f/ t"r®eJYaqmif&GufwmjzpfvdkY vnf; ewfrsm;[m rdru d , kd u f kd csp&f mra&mufbJ ESpf&ma&mufcJhygawmhw,f/ bk & m;uay;wJ h v uf e uf a umif ; r[m0go&GmBuD;eJY awmtkyfBuD;udk pGefYcGmNyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif&Sd&m om0w¬djynfodkY a&S;½Ijyef<uvmMuwJh &[ef;awmfrsm;[m ,lZem wpf&mc&D;udk jyefvnf<uvm&wmjzpfygw,f/ xdkodkYaom tjyefvrf;c&D;rSmyJ 0gqdk 0guyf&ufeBYJ uKH BuKd ucf &hJ ygaomfvnf; 0gruyfEidk f MubJ tpOf t wk d i f ; quf v uf v mcJ h M u&m 0gruRwf r D r S m aZw0ef a usmif ; awmf B uD ; ud k a&muf c J h M uygw,f / a&muf w ,f q d k & if y J jrwfpGmbk&m;&SifxHarSmuf 0ifa&mufzl;ajr§mf vsuf ½dkaopGm&Sdcdk;Muygawmhw,f/ tcgr[kwf jyefvnfa&muf&SdvmMu wJh &[ef;awmfig;&mudk jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siu f vnf; y#d o E¦ m &pum; rd e f Y M um;awmf r l N yD ; aemuf qufvufí ]]cspfom;wdkY- 0gwGif;oHk;vywfvHk; a'opm&DroGm;tyf[lí igbk&m;ynwfawmf rlxm;onf r[kwfygavm? 0gwGif;umvjzpfyg vsuf tb,ftaMumif;aMumihfvmcJhMuukefbd oenf;}} [k ar;awmfrlygw,f/ &[ef;awmfrsm;uvnf; rdrw d aYkd &muf &SdcJh&mt&yf? BuHKawGUcJh&wJh taMumif;t&mawG udk aphpakH tmif jyefMum;avQmufxm;Muygw,f/ 'Dvakd vQmufxm;MuNy;D wJah emuf ur®|mef;bm0em udk tvd&k o dS vdk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwEf ikd rf hJ wynhaf wmf wdkYeJY oifhavsmfavsmufywfrnhf t&yfXmeudk rdeMYf um;awmfryl gvdYk avQmufxm;awmif;yefMuyg w,f/ jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siv f nf; xd&k [ef;awmf wdkYtm; avsmufywfaomae&mXmeudk ZrÁL'dyf uRe;f tjyifüMunhaf wmfr&l m &[ef;awmfig;&m\ t&[wåzdkvf&EdkifaMumif; t&yfonf ae&m a[mif;rSwpfyg; tjcm;wGirf &Sad Mumif; jrifawmf
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rlygw,f/ &[ef;awmfrsm;&JUtusKd ;udk jrifawmfrl wJh jrwfAk'¨[m ]]cspfom;wdkY- oifwdkYESifhavsmuf ywf a omXmeum; ae&ma[mif ; jzpf a om awmtkyrf w S pfyg; tjcm;r&SNd y/D xdak e&ma[mif; odo Yk m jyefomG ;Muavawmh}} vdyYk J rdeMYf um;awmf rlygw,f/ jrwfAk'¨&Sifawmfjrwf&JU ae&ma[mif; udkom jyefoGm;MuavawmhvdkY rdefYrSmawmftNyD; rS m awmh vwf w avmBuH K awG U cJ h & NyD ; jzpf w J h tEÅ & m,f t aiG U touf u d k jyef c H p m;rd M uwJ h &[ef;awmfrsm;[m rjyef0yhH gaMumif;udk avQmuf xm;Muwmayhg/ r[mu½kPm&SifjzpfawmfrlwJh bk&m; &Siu f qufvufred aYf wmfrw l muawmh ]]cspo f m; wdkY- cspfom;wdkYonf a&S;,cifu taqmif vufeufudk r,laqmifbJoGm;MuaomaMumihf tEÅ&m,fESihf&ifqdkifBuHKawGUcJhMu&onf/ ,ck tcg vufeufudk ,laqmifomG ;Muav? tEÅ&m,f rsm;rS uif;pifMu&vdrrfh nf}} vdYk rdeaYf wmfryl gw,f/ jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f & J U qd k v d k c suf u d k odjrifEikd pf rG ;f r&Sw d hJ &[ef;awmfrsm;u ]]bke;f awmf BuD ; aomjrwf p G m bk & m;- tb,f r nf a om vufeufudk aqmifMuOf;&ygrnfenf;bk&m;rdefYMum;awmfrlyg}} vdkY avQmufwifwJhtcgrSm awmh? ]]igbk&m;ay;vkdufrnf}} [k rdefYawmfrlNyD; vQif ]]u&PD, rw¬ukoave}}- tp&Sdaom arwåmokwfawmfudk a[mMum;awmfrlygw,f/ arwåmokwfudk tus,fw0ihf a[m Mum;oifay;awmfrlNyD;aemuf? ]]cspfom;wdkY- þ arwåmokwfudk awmtkyft0if0rSpí &GwfyGm; vsuf ausmif;odkY0ifMuav}} [k rSmMum;awmfrl vdu k yf gw,f/ &[ef;awmfrsm;vnf; jrwfA'k &¨ iS af wmf jrwfudk ½dkaopGm&Sdcdk;OD;cdkufMuNyD;aemuf tpOf twkdif; awmtkyf&Sd&mt&yfodkY jyef<uawmfrlMu ygawmhw,f/ arwåmokwaf 'oemawmfonf edAmÁ ef odkY rsufarSmufjyKvdkolrsm; OD;pGmjznhfusihf&rnhf aqmif&u G &f eftcsurf sm;? jyKusio fh ihf jyKusit fh yf onhf usihf0wfrsm;? a&SmifMuOf&rnhftcsufrsm; ESihf rnfuo hJ Ykd arwåmyGm;rsm;Mu&r,f pwJjh yKusifh yHkrsm;ygrusef tjynfhtpHkyg0ifygw,f/ 'D w pf B ud r f r S m awmh bk & m;ay;wJ h vufeufaumif;awG &&Sd,laqmifvmEdkifNyDjzpf vdkY &[ef;awmfrsm;[m ,HkMunfrIawGvnf; udk,fpDudk,fpDjynhf0aeMuNyDjzpfygw,f/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / )
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678 THE APPLICATIONS AND MEANINGS OF THE DHAMMA 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
Buddhism encourages Happiness aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUaomb0odkY ydkYaqmifay;onfh Ak'¨"r® By Rajah Kuruppu, Sri Lanka Guardian, June 25, 2010 TRANSLATED into Myanmar by Dhamma Vira Thandar Aung, ITBM University, Yangon
"r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmif (tjynf j ynf q k d i f & max&wuú o k d v f ) (Continue from last week) So happiness is in the invisible but powerful mind. The importance of the mind for happiness is stressed by the wellknown British listerary figure, John Milton, who remarked that the mind could make a heaven of hell or a hell of heaven.
However, this experience could be transformed to happiness contemplating that a great service is being undertaken for a person in need.
direct and guide the mind ratter than being led by the mind to realize happiness.
The Buddha identified the fundamental problem of life which is Dukkha or the unsatisfactory nature of life. All problems of life could be reduced to the fundamental problem of unsatisfactoriness of life. It is because life is unsatisfactory that all other main religions of the world refar to a heaven after death where the unsatisfactory features of life are absent.
rnfoyYkd if&adS p ,ckuo hJ Ykd twd'u k a© &mufe&olwpfO;D wpfa,muf trSew f u,fvt kd yfaeaomt&mudk trSew f u,fvt kd yfaeaomtcsed üf aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrIqdkonfrSm rjrifpGrf;Edkifaom wefcdk;£'¨dyg'f trSew f u,fvt kd yfovdk rdru d , kd w f ikd u f tqH;k pGeyf g0ifun l ND y;D yHyh ;kd ay;Edik f ESihf jynhfpHkaompdwfudk qdkvdkonf[k pdwfwGif;aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrIjzpfay;ap cJhonhf ¤if;tawGUtBuHKrsm;rSonf aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUaomtqihfwqihfodkY aom ta&;BuD;qHk;taMumif;tcsufwdkYudk pl;prf;avhvmcJhaom tvGef ul;ajymif;azmfaqmifoGm;Edkifrnfjzpfygonf/ xif&Sm;ausmfMum;onfh NAdwdoQpma&;q&mBuD; *RefrDvfwefu qdkay The Buddha declared that helping the sick is as good as onf/ ¤if;pma&;q&mBuD;ukd,fwkdifpdwf\ aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrIudk pl;prf;azG helping the Buddha Himself. &Sm&if; pdwfzdpD;rIaomua&mufcH&onf/ aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrIpdwfqdkonf Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfbk&m;udk,fawmfwdkif wpfcsdefaomtcgu rSm aumif;uifbHkxJrS qif;&Jjcif;'ku©w&m; odkr[kwf i&JwGif;rS edAÁmefbHk tvGeftrif;emrusef;jzpfaeol (&[ef;) wpfOD;udk? ¤if;emzsm;rusef;jzpf wdkYudk pdwfjzihfyHkazmfzefwD;xm;rIoufoufomjzpfonf[k *RefrDvfwefu oavmuftxd udk,fwkdifjyKpkapmifha&Smufay;cJhonhftwGuf tvGefrS rSwfcsufjyKa&;om;xm;ayonf/ aumif;rGefjrihfjrwfaomaysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrIwpf&yfjzpfapawmfrlcJhonf[k The important mind is ours to control and we should xkwfazmfrdefYMum;awmfrlonf/ ta&;Bu;D qH;k aompdwrf mS uREykf w f u Ykd , kd w f ikd af umif;rGeyf ikd Ef ikd pf mG xde;f csKyí f aysm&f iT cf sr;f ajrUrIEiS jhf ynf0h aompdwt f jzpfoYkd qdu k af &mufatmif wdkuf½dkufvrf;ñTefappm;í&&SdEkdifonhf pdwf jzpf&rnfjzpfonf/ One could also make an effort to be happy with what one does. Taking care or helping a seriously ailing patient could be a trying experience.
Ak'¨jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwkdif b0wpfcktwGuf obm0 ed , mrtavs muf jzpfay:awGUBuHK&aom auseyfvufcHEdkifp&mraumif; aysm&f iT cf sr;f ajrUaomb0wpfcu k kd rqkwrf epfaomZGv J v YkH 0D&, d f jzpfrsm;? odrYk [kwf b0wpfc\ k qif;&J'u k w © &m;rsm;udk tajccH&if; wdkYjzihf? wpfpdkufrwfrwf OD;wnfBudK;yrf;í azmfaqmifoGm;Murnfqdkyg onht jrpf j yóemrsm;upí cG J j crf ; pd w f j zmum tao;pd w f p d p pf y d k i f ; jcm; vQif rvGJraoGwnfaqmufEdkifMurnfomjzpfygonf/ tonf;toef a[mMum;awmf r l c J h y gonf / emzsm;rusef;jzpfaeaom vlrrmwpfa,mufudk rdrdb0wpfavQmuf b0wpfckü BuHKqHkaeMu&aom jyóemaygif;aomif;ajcmuf jzwfoef;awGUBuHKcJh&aom tawGUtBuHKrsm;tay:wnfrSDNyD; apmifha&Smuf jyKpkay;jcif;? odkYr[kwf ¤if;wGif trSefwu,fvdktyfaernhft&mrSeforQ pmrsuf E S m 18 ok d Y udk twwfEikd q f ;kH ulnyD yhH ;kd ay;jcif;jzihf aysm&f iT cf sr;f ajrUaprnfjzpfygonf/