DV21-07 by Thomas Winn

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Address Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

Mo0g'gp&d,q&mawmfrsm; t*¾r[my@dw b'´ E å ukrm& 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(pDr)H t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ EåaZmwdu(M.A) 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(ynm) tbd"r®myd#ur[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw a'guw f mb'´ Eåax&dE(´ Ph.D) yd#uwfqidk &f mygVpd mayXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåy@dwmbd0o H (M.A) okwå Eåy#d uwfr[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåork e(M.A) Ak'a¨ 'oemjyefyh mG ;a&;ynmXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf t*¾r[m*E¬0gpu y@dw b'´ EÅynm0Ho(M.A) armfueG ;f xde;f q&mawmf

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jzefYcsda&; vIid Mf unfjzL"r®0&D pmaywku d f zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 rk;d aumif;uifpmay? trSw(f 134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)? ausmufww H m;NrKd eU ,f? &efuek Nf rKd /YU zke;f -01-253255 xGe;f OD;pmay(rEÅav;) zke;f 02-39801

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EDITORIAL "r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/

twkrJh jrwfomoemudk urÇmuodrS Ak'ömoem xGef;um;rnf yk*¾dKvfxl; (100) odkYr[kwf BuD;us,f xif&Smaom awG;ac:&Sif (100) (100, Great Thinkers) [laom pmtkyfudk rdwfaqG wpfa,mufxHrS acwå,lzwfcGihf&ygonf/ xkdpmtkyfxJwGif pma&;olu a*gwr Ak'ËSihf ywfoufí '@m&Drsm;tqdkt& od'¨w¬onf ouFef;0wfESihf 6 ESpfMum vSnhfvnfNyD;aemuf BuD;rm;aom aAm"dyifodkYa&mufvmonf/ xdkaAm"dyifatmufü xdkifvsuf 49 &ufMumatmif tpma&pmrrSD0JbJ ol\ 0dnmOf (soul) ü Nidrf;csrf;rIESihfa&mihf&JrIodkY OD;wnfaom vrf;pOfudk &SmazGonf/ xdkumvwGif od'¨w¬onf xl;jcm;pGm toGifajymif;vJí Ak'¨(0g) todÓPf yGifholjzpfvmonf pojzihf oHk;oyf a&;om;xm;onfudkawGU&ygonf/ þa&;om;csufonf Ak'¨\ w&m; tESpfoabmryg½kHomrubJ Ak'¨0iftqdkESihfvnf; uGJvGJ aeygonf/ taemuf wdkif;om;tcsKdUwdkY odjrifaom Ak'önf þodkYaom Ak'¨jzpfae&ygonf/ rZdÑry#dy'g (tv,ftvwfvrf;pOf)udk azmfjy&müvnf; av;eufrIr&Sd tay:,Ha&TrIefBuJ oabmrQom&Sdaeygonf/ tqkdygpmtkyfüyif w½kwfynm&SdBuD; uGefjzL;&SyftaMumif;udk a&;om;&mwGif þurÇmay:0,f ,aeYtouf&SifaeMuaom vloef;aygif;rsm;pGmwdkY\ rsufpdü uGefjzL;&Syfonf tBuD;us,fqHk; MoZmt&SdqHk; vlom;jzpfonf[k ,lqMuygonf[k a&;om; xm;onfudkawGU&onf/ þpum;t& vloef;aygif;rsm;pGmwdkY \ tjrifwGif a*gwrbk&m;xuf uGefjzL;&Syfu ydkí BuD;us,fonf/ vlom;wdkYtm; ydkí vTrf;rdk; Edkifonf[k azmfjy&ma&mufaeygonf/ uGejf zL;&Syo f nf vl0wfaMumifb0ESifh vlot l rsm;Mum;wGif wpfoufv;kH aeoGm;Ny;D avmuDa&;&mrsm;udo k m qH;k rvrf;ñTeo f mG ;o jzihf xdkavmuDa&;udpörsm;udk vltrsm; em;vnf jcif;onf rqef;yg/ Ak'a¨ *gwronfum; vlrif;? ewfrif;? jA[®mrif;rsm;uyif ylaZmf&cdS ;kd &onfukd yk*K¾ v d x f ;l (100) pmtkyu f dk a&;om;oltygt0if taemuf wdkif;om;tcsKdUu '@m&DyHkjyifpum;vdk xifae Muonf/ tb,faMumihf vl? ewf? jA[®mwdkYu ylaZmf&jcif;udkvnf;aumif;? Ak'o ¨ nfxo dk w l \ Ydk ylaZmfcx H u dk jf cif;ukv d nf;aumif; yk*Kd¾ vw f pfO;D wpfa,muf\ jrihjf rwfr?I ,kwn f rhH o I nf udavomtenf;trsm;ay:wGif rlwnfaeonf udk taemufwikd ;f om;wdYk rodMuyg/ udavom enf;yg;atmif oDvodum© ? orm"dou d m© ? ynm odum© (usipfh Ofo;kH yg;jzihf tqihfqifh apmihfxdef; usihfBuHyGm;rsm;ae&onfudk ¤if;wdkYrodMuyg)/ odyÜHynm&Sifrsm;ESihf pdwfynm&SifwdkY rpl;prf; ravhvmEkdifaom pdwf? apwoduf? ½kyf wdkY\ obm0udk Ak'ü odyÜHynmxuf ykdí obm0usatmifenf;usatmif wdwdusus cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmjy½Hkru pdwf? apw oduf? ½kyfw&m;wdkY\ taMumif;tusKd;qufpyfrI t& yk*¾dKvf? owå0grsm;tjzpf 31 bHkwnf; [laom oHo&mwGif usifvnf&yHktm; a[mMum; xm;onfudk axmufygu Ak'ä*gwr\ oAÁnKwÓPfawmf[lonf twlr&Sd? twkr&Sd aom ÓPfawmfjzpfygonf/ xdkoAÁnKwÓPfawmf\ tpGrf;oHk;yg;um;1/ od & ef r S e f u rusef & atmif ? vH k ; 0pH k v if ? tuk e f j rif ? oAÁ n KwÓPf t pG r f ; wnf ; / 2/ od o nf h w &m;rsm;tjym;ü? a[mxm;pzG , f ? enf ; oG , f o G , f u d k t jc,f u s,f p H k v if ? tuk e f j rif ? oAÁ n Kw ÓPf a wmf p G r f ; wnf ; / 3/ uRwf x d k u f M uay? rsm;a0ae\? £aÈ´ p ½d k u f ? ol Y t Bud K uf u d k Ed I u f c Rwf p H k v if tuk e f j rif ? oAÁ n Kw ÓPf a wmf t pG r f ; wnf; [lí q&mawmf t&SifZeumbd0Ho u a&;om;xm;ygonf/ Ak'a¨ *gwronf xdo k AÁnKwÓPf awmfu&kd &ef jrifjh rwfaomolw\ Ykd jrihjf rwfaom vkyif ef;pOfukd rdr\ d toufEiS cfh E¨muk, d u f dk riJhuGufbJ trsm;aumif; usKd;onfydk;aqmif&Guf &aom yg&rD[laom vrf;pOfjzihf av;oacsFESihf urÇmwpfodef;wdkifatmif 'gepaom yg&rD 10 yg;? p&d, 3 yg;? pGefYjcif;BuD; ig;yg;wdkYudk jznhfusihfcJh&onf/ xdkodkY jznhfusihfcJhojzihf a*gwrAk'önf avmuü twkr&Sd? twlr&SdtBuD;jrwfqHk; yk*¾dKvfjzpfae&ygonf/ twkrjhJ rwfomoemudk urÇmvlom; wdo Yk ad tmif urÇmok;H bmomtoD;oD;jzihf a[mEkid af jymEkid af &;om;Ekid ?f omoemjyKEidk yf grS Ak'ömoem urÇmtESHYjyefYEkdifrnfjzpfaMumif; xyfavmif;EdI;aqmfwdkufwGef;&ayonf/ t,f ' D w m

Satipat.t.ha-na: - THE DIRECT PATH TO REALIZATION

"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

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"r®udk qifjcifoHk;oyfwm? 'DvkdrSrawG;bJeJY &Sdr&Sd rodEdkifbl;av/ vlawG uawmh awG;MuwmyJ/ bmawG;vJqdk&if tdrfu rD;zdkacsmifxJrSm qef uav;rS &Sad o;&JUvm;? ykvif;xJ qDav;rS &Sad o;vm;qdNk y;D awmh awG;wwf Muw,f/ r&S&d if aps;oGm;&rSmav? awG;awmhow d ,fayhg/ odaYk omf ihgpdwf xJrSm umrpäE´ &Sdovm; 'gvnf; awG;&r,hf udpöwpfckyJ/ 'gawG;wJhvl tifrwefrS enf;w,f/ ckeu qef&Sdvm; r&Sdbl;vm;awG;vdkY&Sd&if r&Sdbl; qdu k aps;0,fomG ;&r,f/ &Sw d ,fq&kd if 'DaeYawmh em;vd&Yk Ny?D b,fEpS &f uf pm &Sdao;vJ ponfodEdkifovdkyJ umrpäE´&Sdovm;- r&Sdbl;vm; pOf;pm; &r,f/ &Sdae&if y,fzdkYBudK;pm;&r,fav? tJ'DESpfcsufudk pOf;pm;ygwJh/ pOf;pm;wJhtcg &Sdw,fqdkwJhtajzav; xGufvmvkdY&Sd&if bm aMumifh &Sdae&wmvJ¿ aoG;wdk;&Sd&if bmhaMumifhjzpf&wmvJ? qD;csdKbm aMumihf jzpf&wmvJvdkY taMumif;&Sm&ovdk 'DrSmvnf; jrwfpGmbkk&m;u umrpäEe´ yYJ wfoufNy;D awmh "r®mEkyóemusiw fh t hJ cg bmhaMumifh 'Dumr päE´[m jzpfae&wmvJqdkwmudk pOf;pm;ygwJh? qifjcifoHk;oyfygwJh/ aemufwpfcg rjzpfao;wJh umrpäEa´ wG ihgoEÅmefrmS bmaMumihf jzpfovJ qifjcifoHk;oyfovdk jzpfvmwJh umrpäE´awGudk b,fenf;eJY z,f&Sm;rvJqdkwmudkvnf; qifjcifoHk;oyf&r,fwJh? bmaMumihfjzpfw,f qdkwJh taMumif;udkvnf; od&r,f? b,fvdkz,f&Sm;&r,fqdkwmudkvnf; od&r,f? wpfcgwnf; tNyD;owfz,f&Sm;rIqdkwmudkvnf; od&r,f? od& rnhftcsufaygif; 5- csuf&Sdw,f? 'g "r®mEkyóemaemf/ "r®mEkyóemrSm 'DumrpäE´eJYywfoufNyD;awmh 5-csuf? 'D 5csufudk rSwfvkduf&if usefwmawG tus,fajymp&mrvkdawmhbl;ayghaemf/ tES p f c sKyf u av;wif a [mwmjzpf v d k Y tus,f B uD ; a[mr,f q d k & if 'DeD0&PwifyJ wpfnavmuf a[m&rvdkjzpfaew,faemf/ 'DaeYawmh tNyD;owfa[mrSmjzpfonhftwGufaMumihf umrpäE´ ihgoEÅmefrSm &Sdovm;¿ eHygwf (1)? r&Sdbl;vm; ¿ eHygwf (2)? bmjzpfvdkY &Sdae&wmvJ¿ eHygwf (3)? b,fvdkz,f&Sm;rvJ ¿ eHygwf (4)? wpfcgwnf; tNyD;owf z,f&Sm;rIu bmvJç tNyD;owfz,f&Sm;EdkifwJhw&m;u bmvJ¿

Satipat.t.ha-na: - THE DIRECT PATH TO REALIZATION "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/

Ak'*¨ w D u d m q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;)

orÁ[kvbdu©K 0w¦K Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfonf aumorÁDjynf om; &[ef;rsm;wkdY t"du½kPf;jzpfMuonfukd qk H ; rír&aomaMumif h NiD ; aiG Y a wmf r l v suf udk,fawmfwnf;om yvvJqiftvkyftauR; udk cHawmfrí l (ygvdav,s&udw © )yvvJawm tkyfü aeawmfrlaomtcg &SiftmeE´monf &[ef; ig;&mESiw hf uGvmí ½dak opGm&Scd ;kd Ny;D vQif &Sifyif bk&m;onf þawmtkyfBuD;ü rsufopf a&? wHylurf;vSrf;olr&SdbJ udk,fawmfwnf; aeojzifh jyKEdkifcJaom trIudkjyKawmfrlonf[k avQmuf&m wGif tmeE´m-tu,fí oabmwl taqG cifyGef;udkr&onfjzpftHh oabmrwl ,k w f a om ol E S i f h t wl w uG a e&jcif ; xuf wpfa,mufwnf; omae&jcif;onf jrwf\[k rdefYawmfrlí ]]oap vabx edyuH o[m,H}} paom *gxmukd a[mawmfrlonf/ ig;&maom &[ef;wdkYonf &[EÅmjzpfavukef\/ oap vabx edyuH o[m,H? o'¨d Hp&H om"k0d[m&d"D&H/ tbdbk,s oAÁmed y&dó,med? pa&,s awe wåraem owdrm/ aemap vabxç edyuH o[m,H? o'¨d Hp&H om"k0d[m&d"D&H/ &mZm0 &|H 0dZdwH y[m,? {aum pa& rmw*F H&an0 ema*g/ jref r muAsm ynm&ihfay aeavhaumif;pGm? ½kd;om;xufjruf rdwfzufukdom? tu,fírsm; &xm;vQifom?

xkdrdwfESihf toihfaygif;zufum? 0rf;ajrmufpGmbd owdjzpfum? ab;&efrsm; ESdrfxm; atmifjrif&m/ If you get a prudent companion (who is fit) to live with you, who behaves well and is wise, you should live with him, joyfully and mindfully overcoming all dangers.

pum;ajy/ / oifonf ynm&Sdí aumif;pGm usih f a om? twl a e&ef oif h a wmf a om ynm&ih f b d orm"d & S d a om twl u sih f b uf rd w f a qG a umif ; uk d &&S d y gvQif oif o nf ab;&ef t m;vk H ; uk d acsrI e f ; ES d r f e if ; vsuf 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om owdw&m; vufuidk x f m;í xkdrdwfaqGESihf twlwuG usihfBuH BuKd;ukwf tm;xkwfaexkdif&m\/ jref r muAsm ynm&ihfay aeavhaumif;pGm? ½kd;om;xufjruf rdwfzufukdom? wu,f&Smí rawGUvQifom? jynfpGefYvsuf awmxGufrif;wlwm? awmüqifrsm; pGefYxm;íom? wpfa,mufwnf; aeNyD;qifyrm/ If you do not get a prudent companion (who is fit) to live with you, who behaves well, and is wise, then like a king who leaves a conquered kingdom, you should live alone as an elephant in the elephant forest.

pum;ajy/ / oif o nf ynm&ih f í aumif ; pG m usih f a om twl a eoih f o nf h wnfMunfaom orm"d&Sdaom twlusihfbuf

eHygwf (5)..tJ'gawGudkodatmif BudK;pm;&r,fwJh/ t&dyft>rufajymr,fqdk&if &Sdovm;- r&Sdbl;vm;¿ qdkwmu w&m;tay:rSm qifjcifoHk;oyfrIwpfckyJ/ bmaMumifh&Sd&wmvJ¿ qdk&if &Sd&jcif;taMumif;w&m;udk jrwfpGmbk&m;u ay;xm;w,f? 'Dr[mowd y|mefow k rf mS awmh 'gudk jrwfpmG bk&m;u ra[mawmhb;l /wjcm;okweå rf mS awmh ]okbedrdwåH ta,medaom reoduma&m} wihfw,fw,fvdkY owfrSwfxm;wJhtm½Hkç pdwfxJuvSw,fvdkY ,lqxm;wJhtm½Hk- 'Dvdktm½Hk udk rwihfroihf ESvHk;oGif;vdkY&Sd&if rjzpfao;wJh umrpäE´awG jzpfvmw,f wJh/ [kwfw,fav.. vdkcsifp&mtm½HkudkMunhf&if vlawGrajymbl;vm; ]vSvdkufwm} vdkY? vSvkdufwmvdkY awG;vkdufwmeJYwpfNydKifeuf vdkcsifrIawG wdk;wufvmwmyJav/ tJ'DvSvdkufwmqdkwJh tawG;tBuHav;[m

rd w f a qG a umif ; uk d tu,f í r&ygvQif atmifEidk Nf y;D aom wdik ;f Ekid if u H dk pGeí Yf awmxGuf oGm;aom rif;uJhodkYvnf;aumif;? qifawmü qiftaygif;ukdpGefYí wpfaumifwnf;aeaom yvvJ q if u J h o d k Y v nf ; aumif ; ? oif o nf wpfa,mufwnf; usihfBuHaexkdif&m\/ {uó p&dwH aoa,sm? ew¦d Amav o[m,wm/ {aum pa& e p ygyged u,d&m? tayÜgókauúm rmw*F &an0 ema*g/ jref r muAsm ukd,fwnf;usihfu jrwfvSonfom? vlrkdufESihfum; rdwfxm;uif;uGm? aMumihfMuuif;aysmuf wa,muf wnf;om? w&m;usihf y,foihfraumif;&m? wukd,fwnf; aeNyD;qifyrm/ Better it is to live alone. There is no fellow ship with a fool; let one live alone doing no evil, being care-free, like an elephant forest.

pum;ajy/ / wpf a ,muf x D ; wnf ; usihfaejcif;onf jrwf\/ vlrkdufESihf rdwfzGJU aygif;oif;jcif; r&Sd&m/ rmw*Fqifrif;onf qif a wmü wpf a umif x D ; wnf ; aeouJ h o k d Y oifonf aMumihfMuuif;pGmESihf raumif;rIukd rjyKvyk b f J wpfa,mufx;D wnf; usiBfh uaH exkid f &m\/

obm0trSeu f kd odwmr[kwo f nht f wGuaf Mumihf tay:,Hav;MunhNf y;D vSvu dk w f mvdYk pdwx f rJ mS ]]ta,medaom reódum&}}- rwihrf oihf ESv;kH oGif;rdwmaMumihf rjzpfao;wJh umrpäEáwGjzpfvmw,f/ rjzpfao;wm wif jzpfwm r[kwfbl;/ jzpfNyD;om; umrpäEáwGvnf; wdk;vmw,f? 'Dvadk emf/ 'gjzihf 'DumrpäEúdk b,fvdkz,f&Sm;&rvJqdk&if rvSbl;qdkwJh tawG;udk rSerf eS u f efuefawG;wwfomG ;r,fq&kd if tJ't D awG;eJyY J z,f&mS ; &r,f/ tokbonmç tokbedrdwfrvSybl;? cE¨mudk,f&JU vSyrIç wifhw,frIr&SdwJh obm0w&m;tajctaeawGudk pOf;pm;qifjcifr,fqdk &if umrpäEáwG rwdk;Edkifawmhbl;/ qdkygpdkY- yef;av;wpfyGihf vSvkdufwmvdkY pOf;pm;rdwJhtcsdefrSm

Satipat.t.ha-na: - THE DIRECT PATH TO REALIZATION

"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

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bl;? Oyg'gefqdkwJh tpGJtvef;awG[m vHk;0uif;oGm;w,f? uif;oGm;vdkY&Sd &if ]]tEkyg'g 0darmau©m}}- pdwfuav;u vGwfajrmufoGm;w,f/ tJ'Dawmh tm;vHk;[m tajzxkwfwJhtcg twlwlcsnf;yJaemf/ 'gaMumifhrdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]{um,aem} vdkY ajymwmav? vrf;aMumif; u 'Dvrf;aMumif;yJ? 'DbufudkoGm;&rSm? 'gawG tajzrxkwfEdkifbl;qdk&if udk,fusihfwm raygufa&mufao;bl;ç r[efao;bl;ayhg/ b,fvrf;u avQmufavQmuf aygufvmwJhtcgusawmh olYudk A[dkjyKxm;w,fqdk&if 'Dvrf;yJ a&mufrSmayhg? 'DvdkyJ jzpf&rSmayhg/ Oyrm- a&Twd*Hkbk&m;BuD;udkoGm;wm awmifbufuoGm;oGm;? ta&SUbufuoGm;oGm;? taemufbufuoGm;oGm;? ajrmufbufuoGm; oGm;? t&yf 4-rsuEf mS oGm;csi&f mu oGm;? a&Tw*d b kH &k m;udk OD;wnfayguf a&mufwJhvrf;ay:rSm avQmuf&ifa&mufoGm;wmvdkyJ? tJ'gvdkyJ jrwfpGm bk&m;a[mwJw h &m;awG&UJ destination vdaYk c:wJh attainment [m wpfck wnf;yJ? 'Duo kd mG ;rSmyJ? bmvdv Yk q J akd wmh tpGu J if;Ny;D awmh vGwaf jrmufomG ; wm/ tpGJuif;rS vGwfrSm? tpGJruif;&if qkyfudkifxm;OD;rSmyJ? pdwfuav; u wPSm'd|dqdkwJh pGJvef;rIawG tm;vHk;csKyfoGm;rS vGwfoGm;rSmudk;/ 'gu eD0&P ½Iaxmifu h aeMunhw f m? eD0&PeJyY wfoufNy;D awmh jrwfpmG bk&m; u "r®Ekyóem (1) udk a[mw,f/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / )

vdiI Mf unfjzL"r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS 'hf *D spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk rf S jzefYcsdxkwfa0vkdufNyD 1/ "r®0D&\ "r®oHpOfrsm;

(Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf wuúodkvfoQifoD&d)

2/ jzwfoef;csdefed'gef;ESihf yxrydkif; (Nidrf;csrf;OD;) ('kwd,tBudrf) 3/ urÇmv h o l m;rsm;uk;d uG,&f m bmomBu;D rsm;ESihf 0g't,ltqrsm; (wuúodkvfoQifoD&d) 4/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ pmayaumufEkwfcsufpmpkrsm; (Nidrf;csrf;OD;) 5/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ aumufEkwfcsufpmpk ("r®y') 6/ oEÅdokcokdY avScg;ckepfoG,f

(Nird ;f csr;f OD;ESihf pk;d jrifv h wf) (wuúokdvfoQifoD&d)

7/ Ak'¨,Ofaus;rI&wem 8/ olawmfaumif;wkdYtvSLay;enf;

t&SifoDvmpm&(zm;uefY) t&SifoDvmpm&(zm;uefY)

9/ a*gyuESifh Ak'¨b@mawmf 10/ edAÁmefwufvrf;

(wuúodkvfoQifoD&d) (ref;wuúokdvfatmifjrifh0if;)

11/ jyifytdyfrufwpfck 12/ orda'¨g',q&mBuD; a':rmvm&D

rkd;[def;(om;*sme,fausmf) (t&SifeE´rmvmbd0Ho)

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

csrf;omokH;jzm &SmazGyg rkH&GmaeZm t&S i f Z ed E ´ o m& (o'¨ r ® a Zmwd u "Z)

(u) vlwikd ;f onf csr;f omrIock ukd tvk&d dS Mu\/ vlwkdif;omru ouf&Sdowå0gwdkif; csr;f omjcif;ukd tvkrd &So d l &Srd nfr[kwaf y/ ygVd bmom okc? jrefrmvdk csrf;omrIqkd&mwGif csrf;omrItrsKd;rsKd;&Sdavonf/ yk*¾Kdvfowå0g wdkY\p½kdufESihf tBuKdufukdvkdufNyD; csrf;omrsKd;pkH tzkzH &Hk EdS idk af yonf/ av;eufpmG qk&d vQif b0ESifh qE´ o[Zmwuku d n f aD evQif xkyd *k K¾ v d t f wGuf ukd,f\csrf;omjcif; um,okc? pdwf\csrf;om jcif; pdwåokc jynhf0Ekdifavawmhonf/ vlwdkY\ vkdtifqE´csif;um; wlEkdif Murnfr[kwaf y/ tm;vkH;wlnDEkdifMuonfum; um, okc (wpfenf;) um,duokc ac: ukd,fcE¨m\ usef;rmcsrf;omjcif;ESihf pdwåokc (wpfenf;) apwoduokc ac: pdwf\csrf;ajrUom,mjcif; wdYk jzpfayvdrrfh nf/ rnforl qkd uk, d af &m pdwyf g ESpfjzm csrf;omokcESihf jynhf0csifMuonfom jzpfyg\/ ypönf;Opöm"e jynfh0ojzihf ukd,f um, csrf;ompGmae&NyD; pdwfcsrf;ajrUom,mrI r&SdvQifvnf; jynhfpkHaomcsrf;omjcif;[k rac: qkdEkdifay/ pdwfom csrf;omNyD; qif;&Jyifyef; NiKdjiifpGm csKdUcsKdUwJhwJh aexkdif&vQifvnf; jynhfpkH rnfr[kwfacs/ ]uk, d u f se;f rmí pdwcf sr;f omMuygap} [lí qkay; qk,l jyKavh&SdMuayonf/ rSef\/ ukd,fusef;rmrSvnf; pdwfcsrf;omrI &&SdEkdifay rnf/ ukd,fusef;rmrS pdwfvnf;csrf;omrnf/

pdwfcsrf;omrSvnf; ukd,fusef;rma&; jynhfpkH Ekid rf nf/ uk, d Ef iS pfh w d ?f pdwEf iS u fh , dk o f nf tcsi;f csif; tnrn oabmw&m;jzpf\/ ]ukd,frcsrf;omcsifaeygap? pdwfcsrf; csrf;omomae&vQif auseyfw,f} [kvnf; ajymqkad vh&MdS uyg\/ trSet f m;jzihf uk, d v f nf; csrf;om? pdwfvnf; csrf;ajrUom,m&SdMuvQif ykdí raumif;ayavm/ ykdíjynhfpkHoGm;onf r[kwfygavm/ ukd,fusefrm pdwfcsrf;omjcif; ukd vlwkdif; tvkd&SdMuyg\/ (c) aumif;NyD/ ukd,fcsrf;omjcif;? pdwfcsrf;omjcif;? ukd,fa&mpdwfyg ESpfjzm csrf;omjcif;/ þcsrf;omokH;jzmukd &&SdapEkdifaom enf;vrf;aumif;rsm; &Sdyg\/ 1/ uk d , f c srf ; omjcif ; uk d &&S d c H p m;csif v Qif tvS L 'gejyKyg/ 2/ pd w f c srf ; omrI u k d &&S d a pvd k v Qif ud a vomw&m;rsm;uk d cG m yg? pG e f Y y g/ 3/ uk d , f a &mpd w f y g csrf ; omrI o k c uk d &&S d c sif v Qif jyif y çypö n f ; Opö m ud k v nf ; pG e f Y y g/ pdwx f w J iG f uyfNiad eaom udavom rsm;udkvnf; pGefYyg? pGefYEkdifatmifBuKd;pm;yg/ - vlwkdif; tvkdqE´rjynhf0EkdifMuyg/ vlwkdif;rSm vkdtyfrIwpfckckawmh&SdaeMuonf om/ wpfcsKdUqkdvQif vkdtyfrIu wpfckrQru &SEd idk o f nf/ Opöm"e ukv H jHk ynh0f aeolawGrmS vnf; vkdtyfcsufawG? vdktifqE´awG &Sdaernfom jzpfygonf/ vkdtifqE´ rjynhf0Ekdif/ vk d t if q E´ o nf avmbjzpf \ / avmb\vkdtyfcsufrSm uefYowfrJhjzpf\/ ewå d orm wPS m e'D - wPS m (avmb)ES i h f w l a om jrpf r &S d / ("r® y '? rv0*f ) jrpfonf a&ukd rwif;wdrf? ra&mifh&J Ek d i f ? tNrJ r jywf w&pyf p D ; qif ; aewwf \ / wPSmonfvnf; xkdYtwljzpf\/ &mxl ; ? *k P f o d e f ? pnf ; pd r f O pö m ? tmPmyg0g &Sad eMuolawGrmS vnf; vdt k ifqE´

awG &Sdaernfomjzpf\/ vdktyfcsufawG jynhf ESuaf ernfomjzpfyg\/ rnfou Yl [ dk k yk*v ¾ "d|mef rqk d / tm;vk H ; uk d "r® " d | mef u susqk d & aomf vkd&mqE´ vkH;0 (vkH;0) jynhfpkHMurnfr[kwfyg/ rE¨mwkpMurif;Bu;D onf xif&mS ;aom om"ujzpf\/ vlYpnf;pdrf? pMumrif;pnf;pdrf rsm;omru ewfpnf;pdru f ydk g cHpm;vdí k odMum; rif;\pnf;pdrfukdyif wufí odrf;ykdufcJhonf/ okdYaomf ol\&ifwGif; 0doravmbaMumihf vkdtifqE´ rjynhf0bJ vlYjynfodkY avsmusum b0ed*kH;csKyfcJh&onfyif r[kwfavm/ ol a jymqk d o G m ;cJ h a om aemuf q k H ; pum;rS m rS w f o m;zG , f & m? vk d u f e mzG , f & m aumif;yg\/ ]tvk d q E´ r &S d r S tvk d j ynh f r nf } [l\/ rSefygonf/ vlwkdif;onf b0ed*kH; aoqkH;oGm;aomfvnf; tvkdqE´jynhf0roGm; Muay/ qmavmifrGwfodyfpGm aooGm;Mu&ol awG rsm;jym;vSayonf/ þb0ed*kH;aumif; ygrS aemif b 0 ed ' gef ; vS y Ek d i f a yonf / yk x k Z Of b 0jzih f aoqk H ; oG m ;ol w d k i f ; tem*wf o nf pd w f r cs&ay/ rd r d j yKcJ h a om uk o k d v f u H ? tuk o d k v f u H tavsmuf vl ? ewf j zpf v d k u f tyg,f a v;bk H o d k Y usoG m ; vk d u f j zif h w0J v nf v nf &S d a eOD ; rnf o m jzpf a yonf / odkYjzpfay&m- rdrdwdkY vkHYv0D&d,? uH? ÓPftavsmuf &SmazG&&Sdxm;aom pnf;pdrf Opömrsm;onf trSeftuef ukd,fykdifypönf;rsm; r[kwfMuacs/ &efolrsKd;ig;yg;ESihf qufqHaeay onf/ &efolawG 0kdif;aeaom ypönf;OpömxJrS tESpfxkwfum jyKvkyfoihfonfuawmh tvSL 'geyifjzpfonf/ xkdYaMumihf- ukd,fcsrf;omrIukd &&Sdcsif vQif tvSL'ge (ukodkvfaumif;rI) jyKyg/ Ä ypönf;Opöm? vSL'gef;yg? csrf;om uk d , f r I ? aumif ; usKd ; jyK\ Ä (*) pd w f c srf ; omcsif v Qif &if w G i f ; rS udavomrsm;ukd z,fxkwfyg/ pmrsuf E S m 9 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G;? bmomra&G;? avmuom;tm;vkH;twGufjzpfonf/

rkom;ajymaomykPÖm; &S i f Ó P(zsmyk H )

a&S ; tcgu Am&mPoD j ynf r S m jA[® ' wf r if ; BuD ; xD ; eef ; pk d ; pH a epOf bk & m; tavmif;awmfonfvnf; wm0wd o H mewfjynf ü rxif&Sm;aom ewfjzpfaeavonf/ xkdpOf tcgu Am&mPoDjynfwGif BuD;us,fvSaom yGJobif qif,ifusif;yMu\/ xkdyGJobifrSm vlrsm;om Munhf½IMuonfr[kwf? e*g;? *VKef? bkr®pkd; paom ewfrsm;yif vma&mufMunhf½IMu &aom obifyGJjzpfay&m wm0wd Homewfjynf rS ewfom;av;a,mufwdkYvnf; tvGef&eHY arT;vSaom uuú½kewfyef;rsm; OD;acgif;wGif qifjref;NyD; yGJobifusif;y&modkY qif;ouf vmcJhMu\/ ewfom;rsm; qif;oufvmonfESihf uuú ½ k e wf y ef ; &eH Y r S m wpf q ,h f E S p f , l Z em us,f 0 ef ; aom Am&mPoD w pf j ynf v k H ; uk d zk;H vTr;f í arT;BuKid o f mG ;avonf/ arT;BuKid af om yef;&eHYukdom vlrsm;cHpm;&NyD; yef;yefqifolukd um; &SmazGr&ojzifh pl;prf;avhvmMu\/ xkd tajctaeudkodaom ewfom;av;a,mufu ewfwdkY\tmEkabmfjzihf ukd,faumifxif&Sm;jzihf eef;&ifjyifawmf aumif;uifwiG f &yfwnfjyvku d f Mu\/ jynhf&Sifrif;? tdrfa&SUrif;om;wdkYESihf wuG jynfoltrsm; eef;&ifjyifawmfodkY a&muf &SdvmMuNyD; ewfom;wdkYukd Munhf½IMuavonf/

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rsm;om uuú½ek wfyef;jrwfudk yefqifxu dk w f ,f? tJ'gaMumifh tckajymcJhwJh *kPft*FgokH;yg;eJY jynhfpkHolukd ewfyef;jrwfay;r,f} [k ajymMum; vkduf\/ xk d t cg rif ; q&mjzpf a om ya&m [dwfykPÖm;onf ]ihgrSm 'D*kPfokH;yg; wpfyg;rS r&S?d 'gayrJh rif;eJw Y uG jynfot l rsm; txifBu;D av;pm;atmif rk o m;ajymqk d a wmif ; cH N yD ; igyefqifr,f} [k BupH nfvsu-f ]igum; ewfom; ajymaom*kPfeJY jynfhpkHw,f? ighudkay;yg} [k awmif;um yxrewfom;\yef;ukd yefqifvu kd f NyD; 'kwd,ewfom;\yef;ukd awmif;jyef\/ xkdtcg 'kwd,ewfom;u]tMuifol[m w&m;enf;vrf;wus pD;yGm;&Smw,f? aumufuspfpOf;vJaomenf;eJY a&TaiGOpömukd raqmif? pnf;pdrOf pömukd &&Sad omf vnf; arhavsmhjcif; yrm'w&m;r&Sd? tJ'Dolom ewf y ef ; rsm; yef q if x k d u f w ,f } [k a jym&m yka&m[dwfykPÖm;u- ]igum;'D*kPfawGeJYjynhfpkH w,f? ihgukad y;yg} [kajymum awmif;,lyefqif vkdufjyefonf/ wwd,ewfom;uvnf; ewf yef;jrwfonf pdwfwnfMunfNrJckdifol? uH uH\ tusKd;ukd ouf0if,kHMunfol? olwpfyg;wdkY\ pum;ukd o'¨gw&m;ESihf ,kHMunfvsuf&Sdol? aumif;aom cJz, G af bmZOfudk olwpfyg;wdt Yk m; rQa0ay;auR;wwfo?l xkt d *Fgav;yg;ESifh jynhpf Hk olom ewfyef;jrwfEiS x fh u dk w f efonf[k ajymqkd aomtcgwGifvnf; ykPÖm;u olYrSm xkd*kPf t*Fgav;yg;ESijfh ynhpf aHk Mumif; ajymqkNd y;D ewfyef; jrwfukd awmif;,lyefqifvkdufjyef\/ xkaYd emuf yka&m[dwyf P k mÖ ;u pwkw¦ ajrmufewfom;xH ewfyef;jrwfawmif;jyefonf/ xkdtcg pwkw¦ewfom;uvnf; a&S;ewfom; rsm;enf ; wl ajymqk d j yef \ / tMuif o l o nf ]rsufarSmuf rsufuG,frSm olawmfaumif;wdkYukd rqJqkd? taMumif;tm;avsmfpGmom ajymqkdavh &Sd\? taMumif;tm;avsmfpGm qifjcifjyKvkyf avh&Sd\? xkdolonfom uuú½kewfyef;jrwfukd yefqifxkduf\[k ajymMum;vdkufonf/ xkdewf om;ajymaompum;ukdvnf; yka&m[dwfykPÖm; u- ]ihgrSm 'D*kPfawGeJYjynhfpkHw,f? ihgudkay;yg} [k 0ef c H a jymqk d u m awmif ; ,l v k d u f j yef N yD ; ewf y ef ; jrwf u k d yef q if v k d u f j yef a vonf /

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ ewfom;av;a,mufwv Ykd nf; yka&m[dwyf P k mÖ ; tm; ewfye;fjrwfav;ukH;ay;cJhNyD; wm0wd Hom odkY jyefwufoGm;Muavukef\/ ewfom;av;a,muf wm0wd Hom jyefomG ;onfEiS fh rif;q&myka&m[dwyf P k mÖ ;onf ewfyef;jrwf\wefckd;0efukd raqmifEkdifaom aMumifh OD;acgif;wGif emusifpl;&Saom a0'em jzpfay:vmawmh\/ yef;jrwfav;ukH; vnfrSm qGJxm;ojzihf cE¨mukd,fukd oHjym;jzifh zdn§yf xm;ovkd a0'emcHpm;&awmhonf/ qif;&J a0'emcHpm;&awmhrS vdrfvnf0g<um;vdkaom pd w f j zih f rk o m;pum;ajymrd a om rif ; q&m yka&m[dwfykPÖm;BuD; aMumufvefYum]ig[m wu,fr&Sdaom*kPfukd &Sd w,fvdkY rkom;pum;ajymum ewfyef;jrwf awmif;rdygw,f? rkom;qkdum ewfyef;jrwf yefqifaomihgrSm 'ku©BuD;pGmjzpf&ygNyD? ighukd,f u yef;awGz,fay;Muyg} [k vltaygif;ukd 0efcs awmif;yefav\/ okdYaomf ewfyef;jrwfum; ykPÖm;udk,fukd oHjym;jzihf zduyfxm;ovkd pGJNrJ aeav&m rnforYdk Q z,f&mS ;ír&acs/ xkaYd Mumihf ykPmÖ ;tm; ol\tdro f Ykd o,fyx Ykd m;vku d &f Mu\/ ykPmÖ ; ckepf&ufv;Hk vk;H jyif;xefpmG a0'emcHpm; ae&avonf/ Am&mPoDjynh&f iS rf if;Bu;D vnf; 'kóDvykPÖm;\tjzpfukd oem;aomaMumihf

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ravsmufywf? oif'kóDvykPÖm;u igwdkYukd vSnhfpm;&efBuHwJh'Pfukd tckvufawGUcHpm; &NyrD [kwv f m;} [k rif;ESiw fh uG jynfojl ynfom; vltrsm;a&SUwGif uJh&JU½IwfcsNyD;vQif ykPÖm;rkduf \OD;acgif;rS yef;acGukd z,f&Sm;ay;vsuf vl trsm;wdkYtm; rkom0g'uHukd tm;rxkwfMu&ef qk H ; rajymMum;í wm0wd H o mewf j ynf o d k Y jyefwufoGm;Muavonf/ ]]twåaem rkom'0gzvH v'¨EdÅ r[m Ze raZÑ 'kóDv jA[®PH *&[dwGm oDoawm ykyæpkrÁd#uH tyaewGme r[mZeó Mo0g'H 'wGm ou|mear0 t*rHok./}} ]]twåaem= rdrd\? rkom0g'zvH= rk o m;pum;ajymqk d a omtusKd ; uk d ? w,m= oifonf? v'¨H= &tyf\? £wd= þokdY? r[m ZeraZÑ= vltrsm;\tv,fü? 'kóv D jA[®P=H 'kóv D ykPmÖ ;uk?d *&[dwmG = uJ&h UJ í? oDoawm = OD;acgif;rS? ykypæ rk #dÁ uH= yef;acGu?dk tyaewGm= y,f&Sm;um? r[mZeó= vlrsm;tm;? Mo0g'H= tqk;H trpum;ajymMum;Ny;D vQi?f ouXmear0= rdrdwdkYae&m wm0wd HomewfjynfodkYomvQif? t*rHok= jyefMuavukef\}} &S i f Ó P (zsmyk H ) usrf ; uk d ; Zmwf ? t|uxm

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/ a&ik y f o nf / yl t d k u f o nf h t cg rD ; vH I o nf / ql;ay:tdyfonf? t0wf r0wfbJaeonf/ acG ; ? EG m ;wd k Y u J h o d k Y pm;onf / jrwf A k ' ¨ avmif;vsmonf 'kuú&p&d,m ajcmufESpfwm usihfpOfu xdkrQnHhzsif;aom tusihfrsm;udk rusihfoHk;cJhaomfvnf; a&SUydkif;wGif azmfjycJhNyD; aom tpmtm[m&jzwfawmufjcif; touf½LS qdkYydwfí usihfjcif;paom udk,fyifyef;rItusihf wdkYudk usihfoHk;cJhayonf/ twå u d v rxtusih f r sm;onf td E d ´ , Ek d i f i H wG i f ,aeY w d k i f wnf & S d a eqJ j zpf o n nf / xdktpGef;w&m;ESpfyg;udk jrwfAk'¨u t,kwfw&m;rsm;[k rdefYrSmcJhavonf/ yxr tpGef;udk ]]t,kwfw&m; &SmolwdkY\ tusihf? yk x k Z Of w d k Y \ tavh t x? rjrwf ? tusKd ; r&S d } } [k azmf j ycJ h o nf / 'k w d , tpG e f ; ud k ]qif;&J\? rjrwf? tusKd;r&Sd} }[k rdefYcJh\/ xd k t pG e f ; a&muf u sih f p Of r sm;ud k a&Smif&mS ;a&;onf "r®pMuma'oem\ tOD;qH;k tESpfom&yifjzpfonf/ 'k w d , tES p f o m& (opö m - 4 yg;) "r® p Muma'oemawmf \ 'k w d , tESpfom&rSm opöm 4 yg;jzpfonf/ ygVda0g [m& opörS ajymif;vJvmaom opömonf rSeu f efjcif;[k teuf&onf/ rSeu f efjcif;[lonf rajymif;vJjcif;? wnfNrJjcif;? ra&GU&Sm;jcif;yif jzpfonf/ avmuopöm (relative truth) ac: or®Kwdopömonf tajctae t&yf&yfaMumihf ajymif;vJaeonf/ acwfaMumihf ajymif;vJonf/ a'oaMumihfajymif;vJonf/ tkyfpdk;ol vlwdkY aMumihfvnf; ajymif;vJonf/ a&GUvsm;aom trSefw&m;[k owfrSwfEkdif\/ "r®pMumüygaom opömrSm xdkuJhodkY aom opömr[kwf/ tcsdefumvaMumihfvnf; rajymif;vJ? t&yfa'oaMumihv f nf; rajymif;vJ/ oluwpfrsKd;ac:ap? iguwpfrsKd;ac:rnf[l aom ya,m*aMumihv f nf; rajymif;vJ/ xm0& rSeu f efaeaom y&rw¬ opöm (absolute truth) jzpfonf/ xdo k pömonf tjrwfq;kH opömjzpf\/ t&d , opö m ac:\/ Noble Truth [k urÇmod\/ ,if;wdkYrSm(1) qif ; &J j cif ; trS e f w &m; ='k u © o pö m (2) qif ; &J a Mumif ; trS e f w &m; =ork ' ,opö m (3) qif ; &J N id r f ; &m trS e f w &m; = ed a &m"opö m (4) qif ; &J N id r f ; aMumif ; trS e f w &m;

=r*¾opöm wdkYjzpfonf/ tdEd´, 'óee,fy,fwGif b0udk 'ku[ © k ½Ijrifaom t,l0g'rsm;pGm&So d nf/ olwYkd udk 'kuo © pömudo k o d rl sm;[k qdEk idk o f nf/ jrwfA'k ¨ yGihfawmfrlonfh bDpDajcmuf&mpk umvwGif awmxGufaom "avhvGefpGm xGef;um;aeay NyD/ b0'ku©udkjrifí xdk'ku©rS vGwfajrmuf atmif usih f a qmif M uaom orPjA[® P ajrmufjrm;pGmyif&SdaeNyD/ odkYaomf ¤if;wdkYonf 'ku©opömü ygaom 'ku©obm0udk tao;pdwf od&Sdolrsm;um; r[kwfMuay/ © pöm Ak'¨jrwfpGm wpfyg;omvQif 'kuo udk tao;pdwf ñTefMum;Ekdifoljzpfonf/ "r® p Mumüy#doaE¨ae&jcif;qif;&J? tdkjcif;qif;&J? emjcif;qif;&J? aojcif;qif;&J? cspfcifESpfoufolESihf auGuGif;&jcif; qif;&J? rcspfrESpfoufaomolESihf twlae &jcif; qif;&J? vdkír&aom qif;&J[k qif;&Jjcif; ckESpfrsKd;udk azmfjyxm;onf/ xdkqif;&JwdkY\ tcsKyf r S m b0ud k &&S d a ejcif ; b0jzpf a y: aejcif;yifjzpfonf[k ñTefjyxm;onf/ taemufwdkif;om; okawoDtcsKdUu xdkqif;&Jrsm;rSm obm0qif;&Jjzpfí 'ku©[k rowfrSwfoihf[k qifajcay;Muonf/ rnfodkY yif qdkMuapumrl xdkjzpfpOfrsm;udk csrf;omyg onf? aumif;ygonf[k rnfolrQ rajymEdkif/ vufrcHEkdifMuay/ xdkYaMumihf 'ku©opöm[k wpfxpfcs ,HkMunftyfayonf/ xdkYjyif tdEd´, 'óeq&mwdkYonf ork',opöm\ oabmudk txdkuftavsmuf od j rif c J h o nf [ k ,l q &onf / ork ' ,ac: wPS m ? avmb qd k ; usKd ; ud k od M uojzih f ork',Nidrf;atmif tvGJ trSm;usihfpOfrsm; ud k usih f M ujcif ; yif j zpf o nf / td E d ´ , 'óeq&mwd k Y rod M u onf h opö m ES p f y g;rS m ed a &m"opö m ES i h f r*¾ o pö m wd k Y j zpf o nf / ed a &m"opö m ud k oabmrayguf o jzih f ¤if ; wd k Y \ b0ud k jA[® m (xm0&bk & m;ocif ) vuf x J o d k Y xnf h v d k u f j cif ; jzpf o nf / þenf ; tm;jzih f jA[®P0g' wpfjzpfvJ [dE´L0g'onf tdEd´ , bmoma&; avmuudk csKyfudkifoGm;jcif;jzpf onf/

r*¾opömudk rodjrifMuaomaMumihf tvGt J rSm;tusirfh sm;udk usio fh ;kH Muonf/ tcsKUd rSm pdwfwnfNidrfrI orm"dtm;aumif; Muojzihf orxtusK;d qufukd cHpm;Mu&onf/ xdaYk Mumihf orxtusih f u d k jyif ; xef p G m usih f M uonf / orxonf ¤if;wk\ Yd tEdrÅ usipfh Ofjzpfaeonf/ b0'ku©wdkY tjrpfjywfcsKyfNidrf;onfh tusihfudk usihfoHk;onfh tqifhodkY ra&muf&SdMuay/ wwd , tES p f o m& (r*¾ i f & S p f y g;vrf ; pOf ) Ak'¨bmom\ t"duusihfpOfrSm rZÑdr y#dy'gusihfpOf jzpfonf/ tpGef;ESpfbufrS uif; vGwaf om usipfh Ofjzpf\/ edAmÁ efoaYkd &mufaMumif; vrf;rSefjzpfojzihf r*¾opöm[k ac:onf/ t*Fg tpdwftydkif; &Spfyg;yg0ifojzihf r*¾if&Spfyg;[k vnf;ac:onf/ jrwfAk'¨ udk,fawmfwdkifurl ]'k u © N id r f ; &mod k Y a&muf a ponf h tusih f jrwfaom opöm] [k rdefY`rGwfcJhonf/ ,if;wdkYrSm... (1) rS e f u ef a om tjrif =or® m 'd | d (2) rS e f u ef a om tawG ; tac:= or® m ouF y Ü (3) rS e f u ef a ompum; =or® m 0gpm (4) rS e f u ef a om tjyKtrl =or® m ur® E Å (5) rS e f u ef a om touf a rG ; rI = or® m tmZD 0 (6) rSefuefaom tm;xkwfrI= or®m0g,mr (7) rS e f u ef a omtrS w f & rI = or® m owd (8) rS e f u ef a om pd w f w nf N id r f r I or® m orm" orm"d wdkYjzpfonf/ oD v ? orm"d ? ynm r*¾ i f & S p f y g;ud k avh v maomtcg vufawGU rsufawGU usihf&rnfh tusihfrsm;om jzpfonf/ pmzwf½Hk usufrSwf½HkjzihfrNyD;? or®m 0gpm? or® u r® E Å ? or® m tmZD 0 wd k Y o nf apmihfxdef;&rnfh oDvr*¾ifrsm;jzpfMuonf/ um,uHEiS fh 0pDuw H u Ykd kd xde;f odr;f aponf/ or®m 0g,mr? or®mowd? or®morm"dwo Ykd nf orm"d r*¾ifrsm;jzpfMu\/ raemuHudk xdef;odrf;onf/ or®m'd|Ed iS fh or®mouFyw Ü rYkd mS ynmr*¾irf sm;jzpf onf/ ,if;wdt Yk euf or®m'd|o d nf tOD;tp vnf;jzpf\/ tqHk;tpGefvnf;jzpf\/ tb,f aMumihq f akd omf or®m'd|d rSeu f efaomtjrifwiG f Ak'¨bmom\ tp &wemoHk;yg; uH? uH\ tusKd;w&m;udk ,HkMunfjcif;rSpí tqHk;pGefjzpf aom r*fzdkvfedAÁmefudk xdk;xGif;íodjrifaom tod yg0ifaomaMumihfwnf;/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

Ak ' ¨ v rf ; pOf Ak'¨\ &Spfyg;vrf;pOfonf r*¾if&Spfyg; vrf;pOfjzpf\/ ,aeY urÇmay:wGifom ru Ak'¨bmomrSmyif *dkPf;*PtrsKd;rsKd;? t,l0g' trsK;d rsK;d ay:aeonf/ rnfonf*h P kd ;f ? rnfonfh 0g'jzpfap r*¾if&Spfyg;ESihf udkufnDvQif Ak'¨vrf; pOfjzpf\/ edAÁmefa&mufEkdif\/ rudkufnDygu Ak'v ¨ rf;pOfr[kw/f edAmÁ efa&mufaMumif; r[kw?f tawG;tac:onf tawG;tac:rQom jzpf \/ tawG;tac:rS tusit fh jzpfoYkd a&mufrS om Ak'v ¨ rf;pOfoYkd ouf0ifonf/ ,if;tawG; tac: onf v nf ; orm"d r *¾ i f r sm;ES i h f udkufnDaom tawG;tac:omjzpfonf/ vuf a wG U usih f o H k ; r*¾i&f pS yf g;twGuf tajccHusipfh OfrmS oD v jzpf \ / oD v onf ajrBuD ; jzpf \ / axmufwnf&mjzpf\/ cg;0wfykqdk;ESihfwl\/ tqif w ef q mvnf ; jzpf \ / oD v r&S d v Qif axmufwnf&mr&Ekdif? oDvr&SdbJ rvHkNcHKEkdif? rwihw f ,fEidk /f oD v jynh f p H k a omtcg orm"d u d k usi&fh \/ orm"donf orxbm0emjzpfonf/ Ak'b ¨ momwGif tajccHtm;jzihf orx ur®|mef; aygif; 40 udk jyxm;onf/ orx\ tjrihfqHk; pG r f ; tm;rS m psmef t bd n mOf j zpf \ / tjrihfqHk; jA[®mjzpfEkdif\/ xdkYaMumihf orx onf vrf ; qH k ; r[k w f ? vrf ; ck v wf o m jzpf o nf / omoemwG i f ; aomf v nf ; aumif ; ? omoemyaomf v nf ; aumif ; orx&S d \ / ig;&mhig;q,f Zmwfawmfrsm;ü azmfjy xm;aom &aoh &[ef;wdkYrSm orxaygufol rsm;jzpf\/ odkYaomf wPSm&m* tap;rukef ojzihf wPSm&m*jzpfzdkY&mtaMumif;ESihfqHkaom tcg psmefavsm\/ tbdnmOfwefcdk;vnf; aysmuf\/ rk'kvu©Pa'0DaMumihf [&dwp &aohBuD; psmefavsm&\/ edvdedum rif;orD; aMumihf £odod*F&aohav; psmefavsm&\/ £odod*Fonf tvrÁKomewforD;\ axG;ydkuf jcif;udk cH&aomtcg oHk;ESpfoHk;rdk; arhajrm oGm;onf/ xd k t aMumif ; rsm;aMumih f orxrS 0dyóemodkY ul;&\/ orm"dtqihfrS ynmodkY ul ; ajymif ; jcif ; jzpf \ / xd k y nmonf o m udavomudk ukefap\/ b0'ku©wdkYNidrf;&m (edAÁmef) odkY ydkYaqmifEkdif\. ,aeY " r® p Mum yd#upmayü ,aeYrw S w f rf;wifxm; aom "r®pMum("r®puúy0wåeokwf)rSm pmvHk;

a& av;axmifausmfrQom&Sdonf/ &Gwfzwfcsdef 15 rdepf0ef;usifom&Sdonf/ jrwfAk'¨onf yÍö0*¾DwdkYtm; 0gqdkv jynhfaeY naecsrf;rS pwifí "r®pMum a'oem udk a[mMum;onf/ vjynhfausmf 4 &uf aeY a&mufrSNyD;qHk;onf/ yÍö0*¾DwdkYonf tvSnhfus w&m;em,lMu\/ xdkYaMumihf jrwfAk'¨ xdkpOfu a[mMum;onf "r® p Mum a'oemawmf r S m rnfrQ us,f0ef;ygrnfenf;/ yÍö0*¾DwdkY em;0if oabmaygufatmif rnfuJhokdY jrwfAk'¨BudK;pm; awmfr&l oenf; ponfwu Ykd kd qifjcifatmufarh Ekid af yonf/ tOD ; qH k ; &[ef ; (t&S i f a um@n) "r®pMuma'oemawmfudk emMum;& aomtcg tOD ; qH k ; w&m;xl ; &ol r S m t&Sifaum@njzpfonf/ aomwmyefwnf onf/ tvdktavsmuf &aohtoGifaysmufum &[ef;ppfppf ({[dbdu©K)jzpfonf/ ouFef; y&d u © & m&S m &ef r vd k / jrwf A k ' ¨ u ]]vmavmh &[ef;? igonf w&m;awmfudk aumif;pGma[m Mum;Ny;D Ny/D 'kuN© ird ;f &ef jrwfaomtusiu fh kd usifh avmh[k rdeMYf um;awmfrv l u dk o f nfEiS fh wNyKd ief uf vlYtoGifaysmufum &[ef;jzpfoGm;aom {[d bdu©K&[ef;jzpfonf/ ,ckacwf &[ef;rsm;uJh odkY odrf0ifí &[ef;cHzG,frvdkawmhyg/ t&Siaf um@n &[ef;jzpfomG ;aom tcg jrwfAk'¨onf vGefpGm0rf;ajrmufawmfrl onf/ &ifwGif;rqefY EIwfawmfrSyif zGihftHí O'gef;usL;awmfrlonf/ ]tnmod0w abm au@anm tnmod0w abm aum@anm} ]tcsif;wdkY µ aum@nBuD; w&m;xl; &oGm;NyD

tcsif;wdkYµ aum@nBuD; w&m;xl; &oGm;NyD} [lownf;/ jrwfAk'¨av;oacsFESihf urÇmwpfodef; jznhfqnf;cJh&onfh yg&rDawmfwdkY\ toD;tyGihf udk tOD;qH;k pm;oH;k &olum; t&Siaf um@njzpf oGm;NyD/ tOD ; qH k ; &[EÅ m rsm; yÍö0*¾DwdkYonf w&m;awmfudk aeYpOf &ufquf emMum;&NyD; 0gqdkvjynhfaeYrSpí tm;vHk; aomwmyefjzpfMuonf/ tpOftwdkif; aum@n? 0yÜ? b'd´,? r[memr? tóZdwdkY {[dbdu©K aomwmyef &[ef;rsm;jzpfoGm;MuNyD/ 0gqdkvjynhfausmf ig;&ufaeYwGifum; ½kyfemrf"r®wdkYjzihf zGJUpyfwnfaxmifxm;aom cE¨ m (b0)wG i f twå [ l a om tcd k i f t rm oabm r&Sw d nfNrjJ cif;r&S?d b0[lonf odaom emrfw&m; tpkESihf rodaom ½kyfw&m;tpkwdkY aygif;pyfxm; jcif;omjzpfonf/ ½kyf? a0'em? onm? ocFg&? 0dnmPf[laom tpkBuD;ig;pk (cE¨mig;yg;)om jzpfonf/ xdw k &m;wdo Yk nf tpOftNrJ ajymif;vJ aeaomaMumih f wnf N rJ j cif ; r&S d ( ted p ö ) / ajymif;vJ azmufjyefae\/ xdkYaMumihf qif;&J\ ('ku©)/ rwnfNrJ ojzihf rpdk;ydkif/ rpdk;ydkifojzihf cdkifNrJwnfNrJrIr&Sd/ tESpfom&[lír&Sd(tewå)/ þodkYaom w&m;awmf (tewåvu©Pokwf) ud k emMum;&aomtcg igwnf ; [l a om twårmeuif;uGmaom udavomtmoa0gwdkY ukefcrf;onfh&[EÅmrsm; jzpfoGm;Muonf/ þavmuwG i f tOD ; qH k ; aom &[EÅ m rsm;aywnh f / OD ; atmif x G w f (&ef u k e f w uú o d k v f )

q&mBuD; OD;bcif ESpf(40)jynfhESpfywfvnfaeYtxl;xkwfr*¾Zif;ESifh *kPfjyKpmtkyf xkwfa0rnf urÇm0h yd óem w&m;jyq&mBu;D ? q&mBu;D OD;*kt d ifum\ q&m? urÇm0h yd óem w&m;jyq&mBuD;? q&mBuD; OD;bcif uG,fvGefonfh ESpf(40)jynfh ESpfywfvnfaeY (19-1-2011) trSwfw&tjzpf tvuFm0wf&nfpmay (zkef;-392507)u (eb,H0dZÆm "&? *rÇD&? okw? "r®r*¾Zif;)ukd 2011 ckESpf? Zefe0g&DvwGif q&mBuD; OD;bcif txl;xkwf tjzpf *kPfjyKxkwfa0rnfjzpfNyD;? jrif;NcHpmay (zkef;-253587)u pma&;q&mMunfvGif\ urÇmukd 0dyóemw&m; tvif;ay;cJhol? w&m;rD;tdrf&Sif? q&mBuD; OD;bcif(18991971) pmtkyfukd (1-1-2011)aeYwGif *kPfjyKxkwfa0rnfjzpfaMumif; owif;&&Sdygonf/

DHAMMA TALKS "r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

0dyóembm0emyGm;rsm; tm;xkwfawmfrlMu&m0,f [H o m0wD - OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) ]]OyÜEéH yÍöEéH cE¨meH y&dnm,? b*0wm "r®H a'aowd}} [lí jrwfpmG bk&m;a[mawmfro l nfukd ay#aumya'oygVdawmfü t&Sirf [m upöm,erax&fjrwfBuD;u xyfrHa[mawmfrlygonf/ twd w f t aMumif ; ig;yg; txufujyqdck ahJ om t0dZmÆ ? ocFg&? wPSm? Oyg'gef? ur®b0 wnf;[laom taMumif;ig;yg;ESihfwuG? jzpfjcif;udk½Ijrif&\/ þuJhodkY ½IjrifrSom? tedpövu©Pmudkaygufa&mufí oroeÓPfESihf jynhfpHkEdkif ygonf/ ,ckjyqdkcJhaom pum;t&yf&yfwdkYonf t0dZÆm? ocFg&? wPSm? Oyg'gef? ur®b0[lí twdwfutaMumif;udk tvTmwpfxyfqdkygonf/ ypö K yÜ e f t usd K ;ig;yg; ypöKyÜefwGif 0dnmPf? emrf½kyf? oVm,we? zó? a0'em[lí tusKd ;w&m;ig;yg;jzpfavonf/ rsuaf rSmufypöKyeÜ w f iG f jrifjcif;? Mum;jcif;? eHjcif;? vsufjcif;? awGUxdjcif;wdkYonf wpfcPrQ r&yfrpJjzpfaeukefaom ½lyg½Hk? o'´g½Hk? *E¨m½Hk? &om½Hk? azm|AÁm½HkwdkYukd? þ0w¬Kum; aumif;onf/ þ0w¬Kum; raumif;[lí odjcif;udk 0dnmPfqkdonf/ ,if;0dnmPfjzpfvQif zójzpfonf/ zójzpfvQif a0'em? onm? apwem? {u*¾wm? ZD0dwda`E´? reodum&wdkYonf jzpfukef\/ ¤if;0dnmPfudk 0dnmPu©E¨mqdkonf/ a0'emudk a0'eu©E¨m? onmudk onmu©Em¨ ? <uif;aomapwoduu f kd ocFg&u©Em¨ ? ¤if;eru©Em¨ av;yg;wdYk udk rSDaom½kyfudk ½lyu©E¨m/ ¤if;cE¨mig;yg; tpjzpfjcif;udkodaom oroe nmPf/ þcE¨mig;yg;onf Oyg'f? Oyg'fu|D? |DubifoaYkd &mufí csKyyf suf jcif;udk odaom b*FnmPf/ ¤if;b*FnmPfu&kd rSmomvQif tedpu ö kd jrifEikd f ygonf/ ('ku©w&m;udkodolrsm;í þae&mü txl;rqdkvkdufyg/) cE¨ m ig;yg;tb,f o d k Y j zpf & ygoenf ; txufujyqdck ahJ om t0dZmÆ ? ocFg&? wPSm? Oyg'gef? ur®b0 [k qdktyfaomtaMumif;ig;yg;&Sdí? ypöKyÜefwGif 0dnmPf? emrf½kyf? oVm ,we? zó? a0'emtusKd ;ig;yg;wdw Yk iG f cE¨mig;yg;onf tb,fojYkd zpfyg oenf;[lrl? ]]yÍöu©E¨m? ½lyu©aE¨m? a0'eu©aE¨m? onmu©aE¨m? ocFg&u© aE¨m? 0dnmPu©aE¨m}}/ / ww¬uwarm ½lyu©aE¨m? ,HudÍöd½lyH? twDwm tem*wypöKyÜEéH? tZÑwåH0g A[d'¨H0g? MoVm&duH0g okckrH0g? yPDwH0g ,H'la&0g oEÅdau0g? wa'upöH tonK[dwGm tbdoHcdydwGm? t,H0kpö wd ½lyu©aE¨m}} tp&Sdonfjzihf 0dbif;ygVdawmfwGif jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mawmfrlygonf/ ,if ; ygVd a wmf \ teuf t "d y Ü m ,f & S i f ; jycsuf þ½lyu©E¨monf? ½kyf (28) ck jynhfpHkrS ½lyu©E¨mxdkufygonf/ ½kyf (28) ck rjynhfpHkvQif ½lyu©E¨mrxkdufí? e½lyH (½kyfr[kwf)? ecaE¨m (cE¨mr[kwf) [kqdkygonf/ xdk½lyu©E¨monf ½kyf (28) ck&SdaMumif;udk tb,fuo hJ Ykd rSwt f yfygoenf;qdyk gaomf? txufujyqdck ahJ om 0dnmPf? emrf½kyf? oVm,we? zó? a0'emwdkYwGif 0dnmPfqdkaom pdwfonf? þ0w¬Kum;aumif;onf? þ0w¬Kum;raumif;[lí odjcif;vu©Pm&S\ d / tb,f a Mumif h od E d k i f y goenf ; qd k a omf twdwfutaMumif;jzpfaom? t0dZÆm? ocFg&? wPSm? Oyg'gef?

ur®b0jzpfonfh tvTmwGif? cE¨mig;yg;onf jzpf\/ ¤if;cE¨monf Oyg'f? |D? bifESdyfpufí csKyfysufav\/ xddkYaMumihf ½lyH twDwHyk'fü? 0d*wH ed½k'¨H[kqdkonf/ þcsKyfysufNyD;aom ½kyfcE¨monf ig;pkwpfpk rdrd\raem"mwf wGif uyfNidí <uif;usef&pfonfudk ]]½lyH ½lyu©aE¨m? ½lyu©aE¨m½lyH}} [lí? cE¨,rdu k yf gVdawmfü qdyk gonf/ xdo k Ykd <uif;use&f pfaom½kyw f iG f t|uvmyf ½kyf &Spfck&SdaMumif;udk txufujyqdkcJhaom twDwm½kyfwGif pwåma&m p r[mblwm- av;yg;aom r[mbkwfwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? pwkEéÍö r[mblwmeH- av;yg;aom blw½kyfwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? Oyg'g½lyH0PÖ? *E¨? &o? MoZm[lí av;yg;aom Oyg'gef½kyfwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? qdktyfcJhNyD;aom (12) ckaom ½kyfwdkYwGif? r[mbkwfav;yg;wdkYonf owå0gwdkYjrifaumif;onfr[kwfí? t|uvmyf½kyf &Spfck[komqdkonf/ aumif ; raumif ; aom 0d n mPf q d k o nf r S m txufujyqdkcJhaom aumif;raumif;odaom 0dnmPfonf twdwfu <uif;usef&pfaom &m*ESihf? ,ckypöKyÜefwGif jrif&aom½kyfudk ,SOfí MunhfrSomvQif jrifEkdifodEkdifonf/ ypöKyÜefwGif jrif&aom½kyfü? t|uvmyf½kyf&SdaMumif;udk? ]]½lyH ypöKyÜEéHZmwH}}? blwH- xif&Sm;&Sdonf/ ypöKyÜEéH aoe o*F[dwH- aygif;qHkvsuf&Sdonf/ ]]pwma&mp r[mblwm? pwkEÍé ö r[mblwmeH Oyg'g,½ly}H } qdak omaMumihf txufujyqdck o hJ nhf twkdif; t|uvmyf½kyfudk,l&rnfjzpfonf/ þuJo h o Ykd ad omÓPfonf pu©KüjzpfvQif pu©K0n d mPfqo kd nf/ aomwüjzpfvQif aomw0dnmPfqo kd nf/ CmeüjzpfvQif Cme0dnmPf qdkonf/ Zd0SmüjzpfvQif Zd0Sm0dnmPfqdkonf/ um,üjzpfvQif um, 0dnmPfqo kd nf/ ¤if;0dnmPfonf twdwu f <uif;use&f pfaom &m*ESi?fh ,ck A[d'¨wGifjrif&aom ½kyfESihf,SOfíMunhfrSomvQif aumif;raumif; udk odEdkifygonf/ ½k y f 28 yg;jzpf y H k odkYjzpfí twdwfurSwf,lcJhaom &m*ü? t|uvmyf½kyf&Spfck/ ,ckypöKyeÜ w f iG f jrif&aom½kyüf t|uvmyf½yk &f pS cf /k rdr\ d oorÇm&pu©K ü t|uvmyf½yk &f pS cf /k ¤if; oH;k Xmeudak ygif;aomf (24) yg;aom ½kyw f \ Ykd taMumif;&if;jzpfaom r[mbkwfav;yg;udkwnfí ½kyf 28 yg;[kqdk onf/ cE¨ m ig;yg;jzpf y H k ¤if;½kyf (28) yg;wdkY aygif;pkrSjzpfay:vmaom 0dnmPfudk 0dnmPu©Em¨ qdo k nf/ xd0k n d mPfjzpfvQif zó? a0'em? onm? apwem? {u*¾wm? ZD0dwda`E´? reodum&wdkYjzpfukef\/ ¤if;jzpfay:vmaom a0'emudk a0'emu©E¨m[kqdkonf/ ¤if;onmudk onmu©E¨mqdkonf/ <uif;aom apwoduu f kd ocFg&u©Em¨ qdo k nf/ ypöKyeÜ w f iG jf rif&aom½kyu f kd emru©E¨m av;yg;wdkYrSDí ½lyu©E¨mqdkygonf/ tb,f a Mumif h ½l y cE¨ m qd k & ygoenf ; tb,faMumifh A[d'¨½kyfudk ½lyu©E¨m[kqdk&ygoenf;qkdaomf? ]]MouúEÅdu©aP emr½lyH tnrnH? o[Zmw ypöa,e ypöa,m}} [lí y|mef;ygVdawmfwGif jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mawmfrlygonf/ þuJhodkY cE¨mjzpf

DHAMMA TALKS

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

r*FvokwfESihf qefYusifbuf y&mb0okwf cif a rmif r d k ; (awmif B uD ; )

y&mb0okwfum; r*FvokwfESifh qefYusifbufjzpfygonf/ r*Fvmokwüf Bu;D yGm;aMumif;w&m;udk a[mawmfryl gonf/ y&mb0okwf ü ysufpD;aMumif;w&m;udk a[mawmfrlygonf/ r*Fvmokwfudk vkdufem usihfoHk;&ef a[mawmfrl\/ y&mb0okwfudk a&SmifusOf&ef a[mawmfrl ygonf/ y&mb0ok w f v mw&m;rsm; (1) yxrysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; w&m;"r®udk rvdkvm;jcif; (rod? rusifhjcif;)/ (2) 'k w d , ysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; ol,w k rf mudk av;pm;cspcf ifaygif;oif;jcif;/ olawmfaumif;udk rav;pm; rcspfcifraygif;oif;jcif;/ ol,kwfrm\w&m;udkom ESpfouf jcif;/ olawmfaumif;w&m;udk rESpfoufjcif;/ ]]ao0emp AmvmeH? y@dwmeH tao0em}} [lvdkonf/ (3) wwd , ysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; tvGeftdyfavh&Sdjcif;/ tvGefpum;ajymavh&Sdjcif;/ x<uvHkYv r&Sd? ysif;&djcif;/ trsufudk xifpGmjyKjcif;/ (4) pwk w ¬ y suf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; pGrf;Edkifygvsuf rdtdk? btdkwdkYudk vkyfauR;rIrjyKjcif;/ (5) yOö r ysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; &[ef;? ykPmÖ ;? olawmfaumif;rsm;udv k nf;aumif;? zke;f awmif; ,mpumwdkYudkvnf;aumif; ay;vSLrnf[kvdrfvnfí rvSLyJaejcif;/ (6) q| ysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; a&TaiGOpöm<u,f0vsuf olwpfyg;wdt Yk m; ray;rurf;? ud, k w f pf a,mufwnf;om oHk;aqmifjcif;/

(7) owå r ysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; Zmwdrmef? a*gwårmef? "ermefcufxefí? rdrd\ arG;csif;om; csif;? aqGrsdK;&if;wdkYudk raxrJhjrifjyKrljcif;/ (8) t|r ysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; rdef;rvkdufpm;ívnf;aumif;? ol&mMuL;ívnf;aumif;? a<uteftavmif;tpm; tupm;MuL;ívnf;aumif; &orQypönf; jzKef;wD;jcif;/ (9) e0rysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; rdrdr,m;jzihf ra&mifh&JyJ jynhfwefqmrESifh olwpfyg;r,m;wdkYü usL;vGefvkdufpm; jypfrSm;jcif;/ (10) 'orysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; t&G,fvGefaeaom a,musfm;tdkjzpfygvsuf? 16 ESpf? 20- ESpf t&G,f i,faomrdef;rudk r,m;jyKjcif;/ (11) {um'or ysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; vQyfay:avmfvDaom ypönf;Opöm jzKef;wD;wwfaomrdef;r? a,mufsm;udk tBuD;tcsKyft&mü vTJtyfxm;jcif;/ (12) 'G g 'or ysuf p D ; aMumif ; w&m; Opömum;r&S?d wPSmavmbum;Bu;D rm;aom rif;rsKd ;üjzpfaom oljzpfvsuf rif;tjzpfudk awmifhwjcif;/ ysufpD;aMumif;w&m;aygif; (12) yg;&SdaMumif;jzihf? wdy# uwf ? ok w å e d y gwf ? ygVd a wmf 295 ES i f h ¤if ; t|uxm 149 wd k Y w G i f azmf j yyg&S d o nf u d k rS w f o m;&ygonf / cif a rmif r d k ; (awmif B uD ; )

jcif;udk odaom? oroeÓPfukd &rSomvQif tvTmav;xyf? tpyfo;kH yg;? jcif;&m q,fEh pS yf g;ukepf ifatmif &Si;f jy? ajymjy? a&;jyEdik yf gonf/ xdu k o hJ Ykd tvTmav;xyf? tpyfo;kH yg;? jcif;&mq,hEf pS yf g;ukepf ifatmif a&;jy&vQif us,v f eG ;f í em;rvnfEikd rf nfp;kd ygojzih?f twdww f pfvmT ESifh ypöKyeÜ t f vTm ESpfyg;udkom jyvdkufygonf/ ypöKyÜefwpfvTmESihf tem*wfwpfvTmudk csefxm;cJhyg onf/ þuJhodkY cE¨mig;yg; jzpfjcif;? ysufjcif;udkodEdkifaom oroe ÓPf? ¤if;ÓPfudkyif ]]opömÓPf}} [kvnf; qdkygonf/ ]],xmur®Ky* tbdÓPf}}vnf;qdo k nf/ ,if;tvTmav;xyf? tpyfoHk;yg;? jcif;&mESpfq,f? rlvESpfyg; wdkYudk aocsmpGmjrifjcif;onf ]]"r®pu©K}} [kqdkygonf/ ¤if; "r®pu©Kudk &vQif? ]]'d|d0dok'¨d}} jzpfonf/ rdpäm'd|duGmrSomvQif ]]or®m'd|dr*¾if}} udk &Edkifygonf/ or®m'd|dr*¾ifudk &aomolonf ]]opömav;yg;w&m;}} wdkYudk

ydkif;jcm;pdwfjzm a0zefpdpfí ydkifydkifodEkdifygonf/ opömav;yg;udk ykdif;jcm; pdwfjzmí odrSomvQif? w&m;"r® yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&mü aocsm*e usihfaqmifEdkifrnfjzpfygonf/ w&m;"r®ü yGm;rsm;tm;xkwu f siafh qmifEikd rf o S m? aomwmywåd r*fodkY qdkufa&mufEdkifygonf/ þ or®m'd|dr*¾ifudk? rdrdudk,fwdkif ydkifydkif &&Sdatmif? ]]or®morm"d r*¾if}} udk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&ygrnf/ ,if;or®m orm"dr*¾ifonf tNcHt&HESihf jynhfpHkrSom &Edkifygonf/ orm"d\ tNcHt&HrSm oDvjzpfygonf/ ¤if;oDvonfvnf; t"d*roDvjzpfaMumif;udk txuftpOD;ü jyqdkcJhaom psmefoDv (50) ESifh ormywf (90) wdkYjzpfaMumif; wifjytyfygonf/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) [H o m0wD OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if

COVER FEATURE "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ rsuf E S m zk H ; rS t quf

us\/ (2) eda&m" ormywfrS xaomtcg t&[wåzdkvfaZm(1) Budrf? olY"r®wmtwdkif; us\/ þaZmESpfrsKd;um; wr*Fvm0ifpm;&aom ormywfaZmrsKd; r[kwfyg/ olYobm0? olY"r®wmtwdkif; us&aom aZmwdkYjzpfygonf/ wr*F v m aZmaygif ; toacsF t eEÅ j zpf a tmif 0if p m;&aom t&[wåzdkvfaZmtpOftwef;&SnfBuD;udk t&[wåzvormywf[kac: qdyk gonf/ xd k o rmywf u m; (4)rsKd ; &S d o nf ,if;ormywf (4)rsKd;wdkYum; (1) edAÁmeftm½Hkudk tm½HkjyKí rsufarSmufb0ü csrf;ompGmaejcif;iSm? aeYpOf 0ifpm;tyfaom zvormywf/ (2) anmif;nmjcif;paom tcdkuftwefY a&m*ga0'emudk y,fazsmuf Ekdif&ef cPwm0ifpm;tyfaom zvormywf/ (3) touftEÅ&m,fr&Sdaomfvnf; jyif;xefaom tema&m*gjzpfaom tcgü 0ifpm;tyfaom zvormywf/ (4) touftEÅ&m,f{uefjzpfapaom jyif;xefaom tema&m*gudk y,fazsmuf&ef txl;0ifpm;tyfaom zvormywf[lí ormywf (4) rsKd;&Sd\/ ormywf 0 if p m;awmf r l y H k r sm; xdkormywf (4)rsKd;wdkYwGif yxrormywfudk aeYpOf tNrJyif 0ifpm;awmfrlonf/ 'kwd,ormywfudk w&m;"r®a[mMum;awmfrlcsdef twGif;ponfwdkYü 0ifpm;awmfrlonf/ wwd,ormywfudk a'0'wf ausmufarmif;qifvSdrfhcsojzihf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\ ajcawmfü 'Pf&m jyif;xefpGm temjzpfaomtcgü 0ifpm;awmfrlonf/ a0VK0&G m aemuf q H k ; 0g pwkw¬ormywfudk jrwfpGmbk&m; a0VK0&GmwGif tEÅdr0g 0gqdak omtcgü txl;tm;jzihf 0ifpm;awmfro l nf/ Ak'&¨ iS af wmfjrwfb&k m; onf y&dedAÁmefpH0ifawmfrlrnhfaemufqHk;0gudk a0VK0&Gmü 0guyfawmfrl onf/ y&dedAÁmefpH0ifawmfrlrnfh uqkefvjynhfaeYESihf qdk&ygaomf 0gqkdrS uqkeftxd (10)vtvdkwGif jzpfygonf/ jyif ; xef a om aoG ; 0rf ; a&m*gjzpf a wmf r l j cif ; xdktcsdefwGif jrwfpGmbk&m;&Siftm; jyif;xefpGmaom aoG;0rf; a&m*gjzpfawmfrlonf/ xdka&m*gudk rnfonfhaq;0g;ESihfrQ oufom csrf;omatmif ukojcif;iSm rjyKEkdif/ yuwd aq;0g;rsm;ESihf uko&ygu xdka&m*gjzihfyif jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &ufv tenf;i,f twGif; y&dedAÁmef pHawmfrl&awmhrnfjzpfonf/ a&m*gaysmuf N id r f ; wef Y & yf a tmif zvormywf 0 if p m;jcif ; jrwfpGmbk&m;onf þjyif;xefaom a&m*gudk aemufqHk; y&dedAÁmefjyKrnhf (10)vtxd aysmufNidrf;wefY&yfaeatmif þt&[wå zvormywfudk 0ifpm;awmfrljcif;jzpfonf/ xdkzvormywf\ wefcdk;aMumihf ¤if;jyif;xefaom aoG;0rf; a&m*gonf (10)vcefY &yfwefYuG,faysmufaeav\/ xdkzvormywf (4)rsKd;teufrS pwkw¬ajrmuf t&[wåzvormywfudk ]tm,kocFg&} (toufudk jyKjyifrI)[kqdkygonf/ pwk w ¬ o rmywf u d k tm,k o cF g &ac:yH k tvsit f jref aoapEkid af om jyif;xefaom a&m*gudk owfrw S f

uefYowfxm;aom (10)vtwGif; Nidrf;pJaeapí (10)vwm umv ywfvHk; oufawmf&Snf? wnfwefYatmif jyKvkyfwwfaomaMumihf xdkpwkw¬t&[wåormywfudk ]tm,kocFga&mwDwd tm,kocFga&m} [laom 0d*¾[t& ]tm,kocFg&} rnfygonf/ xdkYaMumihf tm,kocFg&qdkonfrSm tm,k-toufudk? ocFg&? jyyfjyifrI (that which determines life; vital principle means -ayusan.khara. ) tm,k o cF g &ud k vT w f \ [l o nf u m; rnf o nf h a eY & uf ü y&dedAÁmefjyKtHh[k ydkif;jcm;jcif;jzpfonf/ (the term "ayusankhara vosajjana" denotes determination of the day on which one's life will be reliunquished to attain Nibbanna).

ormywf E S p f y g; xl ; jcm;[ef r sm; (1) tcdkuftwefYrQaom a0'emudk y,fcGmjcif;iSm? 0ifpm;awmfrl tyfaom zvormywfum cPdu ormywfjzpfonf/ ,if;ormywf onf 0ifpm;aecsdefwGif;üom a0'emudk y,fcGmEkdifonf/ ormywfrS xawmfrlaomtcg a0'emjyefvnfjzpfay: vTrf;rdk;vm\/ ,if; cPdu ormywf[lonf ocFg&wpfyg;yg;udk O',AÁ,ÓPfrSpí 0dyóem ½Ium 0ifpm;awmfrltyfaom tcsdefumvrMumaom t&[wåzdkvf zv ormywfjzpf\/ (2) jyif;xefaom a&m*ga0'emudk y,fcGm wefY&yfaeap&ef 0ifpm; tyfaom ormywfum; r[m0dyóemudk a&SUoGm;jyKí 0dyóem ½Ium 0ifpm;awmfrltyfaom zv ormywfjzpfonf/ r[m0d y óemqd k o nf r S m um; ½kyfw&m;udk (1) tm'ge edau©ye ½Ienf;? (2) 0a,m0k¹w¬*F r½Ienf;? (3) tm[m&r,½Ienf;? (4) Owkr,½Ienf;? (5) ur®Z½Ienf;? (6) pdwåZ½Ienf;/ (7) "r®wm½kyf½Ienf;/ þckESpfyg;aomenf;jzihfvnf; aumif;/ emrfw&m;wdkYudk (1) umvy½Ienf;? (2) ,ru½Ienf;? (3) cPdu½Ienf;? (4) y#dyg#d½Ienf;? (5) 'd|dO*¢g#e½Ienf;? (6) rmeork*¢g# e½Ienf;/ (7) eduEÅo d rk*g¢ #e½Ienf;/ þckepfyg;aomenf;jzihv f nf;aumif;? þodkY wpfq,hfav;yg;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzihf ½IrSwfaom 0dyóem udk qdkvdkygonf/ þodkY tus,ftm;jzihf r[m0dyóemudk a&SUoGm;jyKí 0ifpm; awmfrt l yfaom zvormywfonf? jyif;xefaom tema&m*ga0'emudk MumjrihfpGm y,fcGmEkdifavonf/ uef a &jyif a y:rS arS m f r sm; z,f & S m ;onh f O yrm a,musfm;wpfa,mufonf arSmfjynhfaeaom uefa&jyifodkY oufqif;í arSmfwdkYudk vufajcwdkYjzihf z,f&Sm;ypf&m\/ tvGefusJoGm; aom arSmfonf tcsdeftawmfMumjrihfrS a&ay:odkY zHk;vTrf;Ekdif&m\/ r[m0d y óem ormywf E S p f y g; xl ; jcm;[ef r[m0dyóem ykAÁ*Fr zvormywfjzihf jyif;xefaom tem a&m*ga0'em'PfwdkYudk y,fcGm&mü þOyrmtwdkif; rSwfygav/ þum; cPdu ormywfESifh r[m0dyóem ykAÁ*Fr ormywfESpfyg;wdkY\ xl;jcm; [ef jzpfonf[k 'DCedum,t|uxm 137 wGifvnf;aumif;? ½lyowå u t½lyowåujzihf r[m0dyóem ½IyHkudk 0dok'd¨r*¾ 'kwd,tkyf 253? 261 ESihf r[mpnf0dyóem ½Ienf; 'kwd,tkyf 119 rS 143? 144 rS 151 wdkYwGif tus,fazmfjyyg&Sdygonf/ tm,k o cF g &vT w f o nf qd k a ompum; tm,kocFg&vTwfonf[laom pum;rSm? avmuajym½dk;ajym

COVER FEATURE AND VISION OF DHAMMA

"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

pOf toHk;tEIef;pum;rQomjzpfonf/ vufxJü&Sdaom 0w¬Kypönf;udk vTwfypfjcif;rsKd;r[kwfyg/ ]]þwydkYwGJvjynhfaeYrS uqkefvjynhfaeYtxd oHk;vwmrQ þtm,kocFg& rnfaom t&[wåzvormywfudk igbk&m;0ifpm; awmhrnf/ xdkaeYudk vGefygu r0ifpm;awmhNyD}} [k pdwfawmfjzpfjcif;? qHk;jzwfawmfrljcif;udk tm,kocFg& vTwfonf[k qdkMuygonf/ yD w d & T i f j rL;&ih f u sL;tyf a om O'gef ; *gxmawmf jrwfpGmbk&m; tm,kocFg& vTwfNyD;aomtcg yDwd&TifjrL; &ihu f sL;tyfaom O'gef;*gxmawmfrmS atmufygtwdik ;f jzpfonf[k r[m 0*¾oH,kwf ygVdawmfESihf t|uxmwdkYü vm&Sdygonf/ wk v rwk v Íö orÇ 0 H ? b0ocF g & r0óZd r k e d / tZÑwå & awm orm[d a wm? tbd E d ´ u 0p rd 0 wå o rÇ 0 H / jrwf p G m bk & m; tm,k o cF g &vT w f a om tcsd e f u mv jrwfpGmbk&m; tm,kocFg&vTwfawmfrlaom ckepf? v? &uf? aeY? tcsdef (jyu©'def)onfum;? r[mouú&mZf 148 ckESpf? wydkYwGJ vjynfh aomMuaeY? aeYvnfaeoefY&m tcsdefjzpfygonf/ (pufem&Dtm;jzihf 12 em&D? 1 em&DcefYjzpfygonf/) jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifonf oufawmf (80)wGif y&dedAÁmefpHonf[k

qdkaomaMumihf zGm;awmfrlaom ouú&mZf 68 wGif oufawmf (80)udk xnhfygu (148) jzpf\/ xdkYaMumihf r[mouú&mZf (148) ckESpf[k qdo k nf/ þaeYrS oH;k vvGeu f igYb&k m; y&deAd mÁ efprH nf[k rdeaYf wmfral om aMumihf? Ak'¨jrwfpGm y&dedAÁmefpHawmfrlaom uqkefvjynhfrS oHk;vBudKwif rdefYawmfrlonfhtwGuf wydkYwGJvmjynhfaeY[kqdkonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf uqkefvjynhf t*FgaeY y&dedAÁmefpHonfqdk aomaMumihf? uqkefvqef; (1) &ufaeY t*FgaeY jzpf\/ uqkef t*Fg qef;u? wefcl;v wevFmqef;? wevFmuG,f\/ waygif;v paeqef; we*FaEGuG,f\/ wydkYwGJv aomMumqef;? aomMumuG,f\/ xdkYaMumihf wydkYwGJvjynhfaeYonf aomMumaeY[kqdkonf/ t&Sifom&dykwå&mpaom &[EÅmBuD;rsm; tm,kocFg&vTwf rvTwf t&Sifom&dykwå&mtp&Sdawmfrlaom &[EÅmt&SifjrwfBuD;rsm; vnf; tm,kocFg& vTwf rvTwf[l&mü jrwfpGmbk&m;rS ty yapöu Ak'¨g? &[EÅmt&SifjrwfwdkYonf tm,kocFg&rvTwfEdkifMuyg[k aewd¬ygVd awmf 52? t|uxm 124 wGif atmufazmfjyyg ygVdawmfjzihf azmfjy xm;ygonf/ tor®m orÁK'¨ó? tm,kocFga&m óZÆeH ewd¬/ Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;

aemuf a usmzk H ; rS twGi;f toHk;taqmif tjyiftoHk;taqmif? jrm;ajrmifaom O p ö m w d k Y \ wnf&Sd&m taMumif;aywnf;/ toH k ; taqmif ? jrm;ajrmif O pö m ? &zd k Y & m wnf & mtaMumif ; wnf ; / (4) 0d o r*wó wmPH avPH *wd y&m,PH þ'geonf ? csrf ; omenf ; enf ; ? qif ; &J r sm;pG m ? rnD r nm? oHo&m c&D;oGm;wdkY\ tm;xm;&m? udk;uG,f&mjzpfonf/ csrf;omeJeJ? qif;&Jrsm;pGm? awGU&ygaom? oHo&mwpfvTm;? c&D;oGm;wdkY? tm;xm;p&m? udk;uG,f&m? rSefpGmjzpfownf;/ (5) £"avmu y&avmauok ? 'geo'd a om t0óa,m? ywd|m tm&r®PH wmPH avPH? *wd y&m,PH ewd¬/ þ'geonf ,ckb0 aemufaemufb0wdkYü 'geESihfwlaomtm; xm;rSDcdk&mr&Sdygay/ ,ck b 0 aemuf b 0ü 'gewl p G m rS D c d k & m bmrQr&S d w nf ; / (6) £'Í§ d t0ó,a|e? &wer, oD [ moe o'd o H &wemjzihfNyD;aom oD[moeyv’ifonf xdkif&mtdyf&m rSD&m vJavsmif;&mjzpfouJhodkY þ'geonfvnf; b0ü csrf;omxnf0g tzufzufrS jynhfpHkpGmrSDcdk&m tppfjzpfygay\/ þodkY rSDcdk&mteuf oabm csif;wlaomaMumihf'geonf &wempD`rGm oD[moeyv’if ESihf wlygay\/ 'gewGifrnf? ukodkvfonfum;? rSSD&mcdk&m? jzpfonfwmaMumihf? oD [ m oe? xl ; jrwf v S o nf h ? &wemh a 0vG i f ? a&T y v’ i f E S i h f EdIif;,SOfpHxm;&av onf/ (7) ywd | mea|e yx0D o 'd o H þurÇ m ajrBuD ; onf jrpf B uD ; jrpf i ,f ? yif v ,f o rk ' ´ & m? awmawmif j ynf & G m wd k Y \ &yf & mwnf & mjzpf o uJ h o d k Y þ'ge onfvnf; pnf;pdrfcsrf;om? usufoa& r*Fvm? rsm;pGmaom tusKd;pD;yGm;wdkY\ cdkem; &yfwnf&mjzpfay\/ þodkY &yfwnf&m

teufoabmcsif; wlayaomaMumihf þ'geonf r[myx0D urÇmajrBuD;ESihfwlyg\/ 'gewG i f r nf uk o d k v f o nf u m;? aqmuf w nf & mayqd k & av urÇ m ajrES i h f wl o wnf ; / ( 8 ) tm&r® P a|e (tmvrÁ e a|e) tmvrÁ e &ZÆ K o'd o H BudK;wef;rnfonf? qGJudkiftm;jyK&m jzpfouJhodkY 'geonf ,ckb0? aemufb0? csrf;om&&Sd&ef? tm;jyK&m vufudkifjyK&mjzpfayonf þodkY vuf u d k i f t m;jyK&m teuf o abmcsif ; wl a omaMumih f 'geonf BudK;wef;ESihfwlavonf/ 'ge 'ge? jrwf y k n um;? ok c twG u f ? &nf & G , f c suf j zif h ? vuf u d k i f q G J & m? tm;jyK&monf ? yrmBud K ;ES i h f w l o wnf ; / (9) £'Í§ d 'k u © e d w å & a|e em0g avSonf a&rSxkwfaqmifí vkd&modkY ydkYay;ouJhokdY þ'ge onfvnf; tpm;'ku?© t0wf'u k ?© ae&m'kuw © nf;[laom? 'kuy© ifv,frS xk w f a qmif a y;wwf \ / þod k Y x k w f a qmif a y;wwf a om teuf oabmcsif; wlaomaMumihf 'ge[lonf avSESihfwl\ 'ku©u,fwif avSazmif,mOf[k wifpm;ac:qdktyfygonf/ 'ge'ge jrwf y k n um;? 'k u © y if v ,f ? a&jyif u s,f r S ? tvG , f u l ; ap? yk Y d a qmif a y? avS E S i h f y rmwl \ wnf ; / (10) orómoa|e o*F g r ol a &m (10)orómoa|e ppfajrjyifü ol&Jaumif;BuD;onf aMumuf&GHUtm;i,faeMuaom ppfonfawmfwu Ykd kd rdr\ d &JprG ;f owdu å jkd yvsuf oufom&m &&Sad pouJo h Ykd 'geonfvnf; rjynhfrpkH EHkcsmaom b0ü tm;i,fíaeaom olwdkYudk xdkb0rS vGwfajrmufapEkdifonfh xdkyk*¾dKvfwdkY\ oufom&m w&m; jzpfygonf/ þodkYoufom&m[laom teufoabmcsif;wlaomaMumihf 'geonf ppfajrjyifu ol&Jaumif;BuD;ESihf wlygonf/ 'ge[l&m ukodkvfrSmum;? OpömrJhrGJ? ukodkvfeJí? qif;&JcJcuf? tzufzufrS oufomp&m? &apyg? yrmol&Jaumif;ES,fwnf;/ (11) b,y&d w å m Pa|e ok o cF w e*&H (11)b,y&d

VISION OF DHAMMA "r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/ NrdKU½dk;? ypöif? &ifwm;? wHcg;wdkYudk tcdkiftcHhaumif;pGm pDrHtyf aom cdkifcHhvHkNcHKaomNrdKUonf? ab;&ef tEÅ&m,fwdkYudk umuG,fwm;jrpf wwfouJhokdY? 'geonfvnf; OpömrJhrGJ qif;&Jaom ab;rS umuG,fwm; jrpfay;wwfavonf/ þodkYab;tEÅ&m,frS umuG,fwm;jrpfay;wwf aom teufoabmcsif;wlaomaMumihf 'geudk aumif;pGmpDrHxm;aom cdkifcHhvHkNcHKaom NrdKUESihfwlonf[kqdkvdkufavonf/ 'geac:vwf ? uk o d k v f j rwf u m;? pm;0wf a ea&;? 'k u © a b;rS ? a0;apwwf p G m ? wm;jrpf y g? yrmcd k i f c H h N rd k U e,f w nf ; / (12) rapä & rvm'D [ d tEk y vd w å a |e y'k r H y'kr®mMumyef;onf a&&THUnGHwdkYjzihf rvdrf;usHtyf rNiduyf ouJhokdY? 'geonfvnf; avmb rapä&? to'd¨, tp&Sdaom tnpftaMu;wdkY jzihf rvdr;f ust H yf rNiu d yfygay/ þodYk tnpftaMu;wdjYk zihf rvdr;f ust H yf rNiu d yfaom teufoabmcsi;f wlaomaMumihf 'geonf y'krm® Mumyef;ESifh wl\/ uk o k d v f ' ge? jrwf y k n um;? rapä & ajr§ ; ? npf t aMu;wd k Y ? r&pf a xG ; Ek d i f ? ruyf E k d i f ? y'k r ® m Mumyef ; yrmwnf ; / (13) awoH tEk ' [ea|e t*¾ d (13)awoH rD;onf trdIufo½dkuftp&Sdaom avmifpmudk avmifNrdKufwwf ouJhodkY 'geonf avmb rapä& to'd¨, trdIufo½dkufwdkYudk tukef avmifNrdKufzsufqD;wwf\/ þodkYavmifNrdKufwwfaom teufoabm csif; wlaomaMumihf 'geudk rD;ESihfwlonf[k qdk&onf/ ]]rapä&avmif nD;? 'gerD;} [k wifpm;qdk&onf/ ukodkvf'ge? jrwfyknum;? avmbrapä? avmifNrdKufay? rSwfav? rD;ESihfwl ownf;/ (14) 'k & móa|e tmoD 0 d a om tqdyfjyif;xefaom a`rGteD;odkY vlwd&pämefwdkY ruyf0HhouJhodkY 'geteD;odkYvnf; rapä&aESmuf avmbaESmufí 'geaMumufaom olwdkY ruyf0HhMuavukef/ þodkY rcsOf;uyf0Hhaom teufoabmcsif;wl aomaMumihf 'geudk tqdyfjyif;xefaom a`rG[k wifpm;ac:qdkonf/ ukodkvf'ge? jrwfyknum;? vSL&wef;&? aMumuf&GHUMuonfh? rpä&d, vG e f u J ? uyf a p;ES J w d k Y ? a&S m if v T J a emuf w G e f Y ? ruyf 0 H h ? qd k o ih f a`rG a [muf y rmwnf ; / (15) toEÅ m oea|eD oD a [m jcaoFhrif;onf aMumuf&GHUjcif;r&SdouJhokdY 'geonf rapä& paom ab;&efudk raMumuf&GHUay/ þodkYraMumuf&GHUaom teuf oabm csif;wlaomaMumihf 'geudk jcaoFhrif;ESihf wifpm;qdk&onf/ uk o d k v f ' ge? jrwf y k n um;? avmbrapä ? raMumuf a y? rS w f a v jcaoF h r if ; ES , f w nf ; / (16) Av0EÅa|e [wD¬ qif o nf tif t m;BuD ; rm;bd o uJ h o k d Y 'geonf v nf ; o'¨ g apwemtif t m;BuD ; rm;vS a yonf / þod k Y t if t m;BuD ; rm;aom teufoabmcsif;wlaomaMumihf 'geudk qif[k EdIif;,SOfí qdk&onf/ 'ge[l & m? uk o d k v f r S m um;? o'¨ g yG m ;vQif ; ? tm;rmef j yif ; ? qif r if ; yrmjzpf ownf ; / (17) twd r *F v or® w a|e aow0 oabm ud k , f v H k ; qG w f q G w f j zLaom EG m ;wpf a xmif w d k Y \ od k Y r [k w f tvH;k pHak om EGm;wd\ Yk tBu;D trSL; EGm;rif;udk xl;jrwfveG u f aJ om r*Fvm [k orkwt f yfouJo h Ydk 'geudv k nf; r*Fvokwyf gVdawmfü Bu;D yGm; wd;k wuf

aMumif;jzpfaomaMumihf {wHr*FvrkwårH[k Ak'¨jrwfpGmbk&m;onf jrwfaom r*Fvm[lí orkwt f yfawmfryl gonf/ þodYk ]twdr*Fv} [lí orkwfonfcsif;wlaomaMumihf? 'geudk aow0obEGm;rif;[k wifpm; qdk&ygonf/ (xdkodkY qGwfqGwfjzLaom EGm;&Sdaom rdom;pkwdkYtdrfü a&TaiG &wemwdkYESihf jynhfpHkapwwf <u,f0apwwfaomaMumihf ]r*FEÅd 0k'd¨ H*päEÅd {awemwd r*Fvm} [laom 0dN*dK[f0pewft& BuD;yGm;wdk;wufaMumif; jzpfaomaMumihf xdkEGm;rif;udk ]twdr*Fv} [k orkwftyfavonf) uk o k d v f r [m? 'gerS m um;? r*F v mtjrwf ? ork w f t yf ? rS w f a v EG m ;rif ; yrmwnf ; / (18) acrEÅ b l r d orÜ g yea|e 0vm[aum tó&mZm aumi;fuifysH0vm[ujrif;onf? ab;&ef&Sdaom t&yfa'orS ab;&efuif;aom t&yfajrodkY tvsiftjrefa&mufapwwf\/ ydkYaqmif ay;wwf\/ xdkYtwl 'geonfvnf; tyg,fe,frS ok*wde,fodkY a&muf apwwfay\/ oHo&me,frS edAmÁ efjynfeef; ab;rJph cef;odaYk &mufapwwf \/ ydkYaqmifay;wwf\/ xdkodkYab;rJh&modkY a&mufapwwfaom teuf oabmcsif; wlaomaMumihf 'geudk 0vm[ujrif;ysHBuD;ESihf yrmrSD;í qdk& onf/ 'getrS e f ? jrwf y k n H u m;? ab;&ef u if ; ay? ok * wd a jr? ab;&ef uif ; ay ed A Á m ef a jrod k Y ? a&muf a pwwf p G m ? yd k Y a qmif y g? 0vm[u jrif ; ES , f w nf ; / (19) 'geemarwH r,m*w ra*¾ g þ'geonfum; igbk&m;<uawmfrt l yfaom vrf;pOfvrf; aumif;? vrf;rawmfygaywnf;/ 'ge[l j im;? þw&m;um;? bk & m;jrwf p G m a[mrd e f Y y g? igbk & m;\ vrf ; aumif ; wnf ; / (20) ra,S a om 0H a om þ'getusihfonfum;? igbk&m;\ tEG,fwnf;/ 'ge[l j im;? þw&m;um;? bk & m;jrwf p G m ? a[mrd e f Y y g? igbk & m;\ tEG , f w nf ; / (21) r,m 'oyg&rD a ,m yl a &aEÅ e (y) taeu r[m,nm y0wådwm igbk&m;onf yg&rDawmf (10) yg;wdkYudk jznhfusihfawmfrlaom tcg rsm;pGmaom twkr&Sd to'dotvSLawmfBuD;udk ay;vSLcJhavNyD/ bk & m;jrwf p G m ? rd e f Y r S m onf u m;? yg&rD ' ge? jznh f p Of u rl ? twk v tvS L BuD ; ? tH h z G , f c snf ; ? tNyD ; vS L cJ h y gonf w um;/ (22) 'geO§davmau? (u) ouúorÜwåd Ha'wd/ (c) rm&orÜwåd H a'wd / (*) jA[® o rÜ w å d H / (C) puú 0 wå d o rÜ w å d H / (i) om0u yg&rD Ó PH / (p) yapö u aAm"d Ó PH / (q) tbd o arÁ m "d Ó PH a'wd / avmuü 'ge[lonfum;? (u) odMum;rif;pnf;pdrf/ (c) <uif; ewfjynf ig;xyfewfrif;pnf;pdr/f (*) jA[®pnf;pdr/f (C) pMumrif;pnf;pdr/f (i) t*¾? r[m? yuwdom0u aAm"dÓPf/ (p) yapöuaAm"dÓPf/ (q) oAÁnKbk&m;&Sif\ tbdoarÁm"dÓPfudk ay;pGrf;Edkifav\/ 'gewGifrnf? ukodkvfonfum;? vlYjynfewfjynf? jA[®mh jynfü? *k P f & nf w ih f < um;? vG e f x if & S m ;onf ? rif ; zsm;rif ; jrwf ? jzpf & wwf \ ? oH k ; &yf a Am"d ? &apbd o jzih f ? owå d x mr? BuD ; rm;vS onf ? 'ge*k P f & nf tH h z G , f w nf ; /

VISION OF THE DHAMMA

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. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI

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THE MAGGANG OR THE MANUAL OF THE CONSTITU by

Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, Ag TRANSLATED into English by U (,cif t ywf r S t quf )

(10) ]]twd¬ avmau orP jA[®Pm or*¾wm or®m y#dyÜEém £rÍö avmuH y&Íö avmuH o,H tbdnm opdäuwGm ya0a'EÅ}d } [laom ygXfü tbdnmac:aom ÓPfynmBu;D rsK;d onf&\ dS / oAÁnKw ÓPfac:aom ÓPfynmBuD;rsKd;onf &Sd\/ þvlYjynfü yg&rDtvkyf? orx bm0emtvkyf? 0dyóem bm0emtvkyfwdkYudk vGefpGm BudK;pm; tm;xkwfEkdifMuukefaom &[ef;? ykPÖm;wdkYonf xdkÓPfynmBuD;rsKd;udk &EkdifMuukef\/ xdkxdk ÓPfynmBuD;rsKd;wdkYudk aygufa&mufxajrmuf atmif vkyfBuHEkdifMuukefaom olwdkYonf þvlYavmuü &Hzef&Hcg ay:aygufMuukef\/ xdk 2 rsKd;wGif tcsKdUaom olwdkYonf tbdnm ac:aom ÓPfynm BuD;wpfrsKd;udkom aygufa&mufEkdifMu onf/ xdkolwdkYonf tyg,fav;bHkwdkYESihfwuG ewfjynf 6 xyfwdkYudk¤if;? tcsKdUaom jA[®mhjynfwdkYudkvnf;aumif; yuwdrsufpdjzihf jrifaeMuukef ouJhodkY ÓPfynmrsufpdjzihf odjrifMuukef\/ tcsKdUaom olwdkYonf tbdnm ac:aom ÓPf y nmBuD ; rsKd ; wd k Y E S i h f w uG oAÁ n KwÓPf a c:aom ÓPfynmBuD;rsKd;wdkifatmif aygufa&mufEkdifMuukef\/ xdkolwdkYonf tvHk;pHkaom owå0gteEÅ pMu0VmteEÅ avmu"mwf teEÅwdkYudk tukef tpif odjrifEidk Mf uyguke\ f / þtuket f pif odjrifEidk af om olwYkd udkomvQif Ak'¨bmomü bk&m;[líac:\/ þyk*¾dKvfESpfrsKd;wdkYonf vlYavmuü &Hzef&Hcg jzpfay:Muukef í rdrd rdrdwdkY odjrifMuukefonfhtwdkif; owå0gtaygif;wdkYtm; þavm uudkvnf; xkwfazmfa[mjyukef\/ tyg,f 4 bHk? ewfjynf 6 xyf ewfb?kH jA[®mbHk [kqt kd yfaom y&avmuudv k nf; xkwaf zmf ajyma[m Muuke\ f / oAÁnKb&k m;wdo Yk nfru l m; terw*¾oo H &m&Sad Mumif; urÇm teEÅ&SdaMumif; pMu0Vm teEÅ&SdaMumif;udk xkwfazmfajymMuukef\/ þuJhodkYaom tbdnmyk*¾dKvf oAÁnKyk*¾dKvfwdkYonf vlYjynfü &Hzef&Hzef jzpfay:Muukef\[k odjrif,HkMunfjcif;? xdkyk*¾dKvfwdkYudk odjrif ,HkMunfojzihf xdkyk*¾dKvfwdkY xkwfazmfajyma[maom w&m;pum;udk

(Continue from last week) (10) Atthi loke saman.abra-hman.a-, samaggata- samma-~pat. ipanna- ye iman-ca lokam. paran-ca lokam. sayam. abhn~na sacchikatva pavedenti. ~- ) and omThere are higher spiritual knowledges (abhn~na ~ niscience (sabban~nuta) Monks and brahmins who exert themselves diligently in fulfilling the perfections (pa-ramita-) and practising samatha and vipassana bha-vana- in this human world can achieve such n-an.as. Personages who have achieved such na- n.a, appear in this world from time to time. Of these two kinds of n-an.a, some are capable of gaining ~- and they can see with this na- na- the four lower only abhn~na . worlds, the six deva worlds, and some of the brahma worlds, as if with their natural eyes. Some are capable of achieving both abhinn-a- and sabban-n-uta- n-an.a and they can see clearly all of the countless beings, infinite worlds and universes. Personages who have both n-an.as are called "Buddhas." These two kinds of personages appear in this human world from time to time and impart their knowledge of this world and the other worlds, but it is only a Buddha who can explain the round of rebirths, and existence of universes. Three kinds of belief, namely: (1) belief that those personages of higher spiritual knowledge and omniscience appear in this world from time to time, (2) belief in them and their teachings, (3) belief in the existence of the other worlds, constitute the right understanding or view. Those who have this right understanding entertain no doubt that the Buddha, appears only in the human world, and not in the heavenly worlds. In other religions, where there is no such right understanding, they imagine that the all-knowers, the all-seers, the Omniscient ones appear only in the highest heavens and not in the human world. However there are two kinds of power; the power of kamma and the power of n-a-n.a. In the case of kamma, the power

. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

uf? usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf

wDq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

m;jyKpkawmfrlaom

*¾*F'. DyeD

GANGA DIPANI OR STITUENTS Of THE NOBLE PATH by

aw, Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt.

h by U Saw Tun Teik, B.A., B.L. ,HkMunfMuojzihf jyqdkcJhNyD;aom y&avmu[lorQwdkYudk odjrif,HkMunf jcif; þ,HkMunfjcif; 3 yg;onf or®m'd|dBuD;wpfyg;jzpf\/ þor®m'd|d BuD;&Sdaom olwdkYrSomvQif txufaumif;uifbHkwdkYrSm ewf? odMum;? jA[®mwdkYom &SdMuukef&m\/ oAÁnKbk&m;[lí r&SdMuukef? vlYjynfüom oAÁnKbk&m;[lí &SdMuukefonf[k ,HkMunfEkdifMuukef\/ þ or®m'd|d r&SdMuaom bmomwyg;wdkYürlum; tvHk;pHkudk tukefodjrifEkdifaom oAÁnK bk&m;wdkYrnfonf atmufusaom vlYbHk rSm rjzpfEkdifukef&m txufqHk; tjrwfqHk;aom aumif;uifbHkBuD;üom jzpfEkdifMuukef&m\[k BuHqí ,lMuukef\/ uH\ tpGrf;um; wpfrsKd; ÓPf\ tpGrf;um; wpfrsKd; xdk 2 rsKd;wdkYwGif uH\ tpGrf;ü bm0empsmef uH\ tpGrf;onf tvGefxufoef\/ txufqHk;jzpfaom aumif;uif bHkBuD;ü tvGeftouf&Snfaom jA[®mBuD;\ tjzpfwdkifatmif ay;Ekdif \/ oAÁnKbk&m;tjzpfudkrlum; ray;Ekdif? xdkjA[®mBuD;rSm tvHk;pHkudk tukef tpifodjrifaom ÓPfr&Sd? xdkYaMumihf xdkbmomwdkYü xm0& bk&m;a[mMum;aom w&m;"r®[lí ÓPft&mü eufeJ qef;Mu,f tHhMozG,faom w&m;rsKd; r&Sd? tb,faMumihfenf; qdkaomf xdkjA[®mBuD; wdkY\ tjzpfonf ÓPfrsKd; r[kwfaomaMumihf vlYjynfüomvQif oAÁ n Kw ÓPf t vk y f r sKd ; &S d \ / oAÁ n Kw ÓPf t vk y f u d k xajrmufaygufa&muf atmif vkyfaqmifEkdifaom olonfomvQif tvHk;pHk tukef tpif odjrif Ekdifaom oAÁnKwÓPfudk &Ekdif\/ xdkYaMumihf Ak'¨bmomüom vQif tvGefw&m eufeJqef;Mu,f tHhMozG,f aom w&m;rsKd;&Sd\/ tb,f aMumihfenf;qdkaomf ÓPfvrf;rsKd;jzpf ayaomaMumihfwnf;/ avmuü ypönf;Opöm aygrsm;í olaX;BuD;jzpfatmif vkyfBuH rIrsKd;um; wvrf;? &aoh&[ef; tvkyfESifh todtjrif aygufí vltrsm; wdkY\ q&mBuD;jzpfatmif vkyfBuHrI rsKd;um; wvrf;? jA[®mBuD;vrf;onf olaX;Bu;D vrf;ESifh wl\/ &aoh&[ef;wdv Yk rf;onf q&mBu;D vrf;ESifh wl\/ Oyrmwenf;um; aus;iSufwdkYonf tawmif&SdMuukefí jrifhpGmaom aumif;uifü ysw H ufomG ;vmEkid Mf uuke\ f / vlwu Ykd o hJ aYkd om todtvdrrf m ÓPfynmum; r&SdMuukef/ vlwdkYonf todtvdrfrm ÓPfynmum;

of jha-na is most effective. It can cause one to arise in the highest plane as a brahma with a long span of life. It cannot, however, cause one to become an Omniscient Buddha. That brahma has no n-a-n.a with which he can see all and know all. Only in this human world can one work for sabban-n-utan-a-n.a and only one who perseveres diligently to achieve that n-a-n.a can become omniscient. It is only in the Buddha Dhamma, that profound, sublime and wonderful teachings exist, and it is because they belong to the sphere of Na-n.a(Knowledge and wisdom). In this life , to strive to become a wealthy person is one way and to strive to acquire insight- knowledge and thus become a teacher of beings is another way. To strive to become a great brahma is similar to striving to become a wealthy man, and to strive as a bhikkhu or hermit for acquiring Insight- knowledge is like striving to become a great teacher. Another example is – birds have wings fo fly about in the sky but they do not possess knowledge ans wisdom like man. Men have knowledge and wisdom but they have no wings and are unable to fly about in the sky. The brahma's kamma of jha-na resembles the wings of birds. The insight- knowledge of the monks and hermits resembles the knowledge and wisdom of men. The brahma-s and the devas live in the hightest planes of existence due to the power of jha-na and kamma but they have no Insight knowledge and omniscience. Thus the right understanding of Na-n.a, Knowledge or wisdom, which enables one to believe – (1) that the Buddha who sees all and knows all appears only in this human world and not in the higher planes of existence; (2) that only the monks and brahmins of the human race who are endowed with abhiñña- and sabbaññuta can clearly discern the condition of the kappas and universes, the beings who are running the round of sam.sa-ra and how the wholesome and unwholesome kammas operate; (3) that the teachings of those monks and brahmins in the sutta, vinaya and abhidhamma are ture , known as "Atthi loke saman.abra-ha-

TALKS ABOUT THE TRUE STORY

"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/

taruyfwJh qGrf;wpfeyf Ak a '¨ g &o-t&S i f £ E´ m p&d , (aAm"d & d y f N id r f a wm&arS m f b D )

(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) taruyf w J h qG r f ; wpf e yf pmoifom;awGonf rsm;aomtm;jzihf qif;&JErG ;f yg;Muygaomf vnf; pma&;ol\ oli,fcsif; &[ef;wpfyg;uawmh aiGudk a&vdkoHk;jy EkdifNyD; tElawmrSm vlacsmjzpfaeavonf/ oli,fcsif;onf i,fpOfawmifaus; uav;b0uyif &Sif omraP 0wfvmoljzpf\/ udk,f&ifb0uyif NrdKU&GmtoD;oD; pmoif wdkufBuD;rsm;odkY pmoif Mum;cGihf&olvnf;jzpf\/ yifudk,fobm0tm;jzihf ÓPfaumif;olvnf;jzpf\/ ÓPf aumif;onfhtm;avsmfpGm ynmpmayawmfolvnf;jzpf\/ pmay ynm awmfívnf; ynmrmef&pfaeavonf/ aiGudk a&vdkoHk;aeolvnf;jzpf \/ tElawmrSm vlacsmjzpfNyD; ynmrmef&pfaeoludk pma&;olu rmefc0gcsNyD; aygif;oif;avawmh 'Vd§rdwåcdkifNrJaom rdwfaqG&if;csm jzpfvm&onf/

oli,fcsif;um; ÓPfaumif;pmawmfNyD; qif;&JwJh pmoifom; Mum;rSm jynhfpHkpGmae&NyD; aiGudk a&vdkoHk;aeawmh pmoifom;wdkY\ EIwfcrf;zsm;rSm a&yef;pm;aewmu ]bkef;uHBuD;ol} [kyif ajymqdkaeMu onf/ pmoifom;rsm;uvnf; olYudkai;armMunhfae&if; tm;usaeMu ayonf/ oli,fcsif;um; Zmwfum;aumif;wpfum;&JU Zmwfaqmif rif;om;BuD; jzpfaeawmhonf/ pma&;olonf oli,fcsif;eJY &if;ESD;NyD;aemuf ol\ tajctae taMumif; waphwapmif; avhvmrdawmhonf/ olonf wpfOD;wnf; aom om;jzpf\/ olYcrnf;awmfonf oli,fpOfuyif uG,fvGefcJhav onf/ r,fawmfBuD;um; awm&GmrSm wpfa,mufwnf;ae&onf/ olpmoifom;b0rSm 'Dvjkd ynhpf pkH mG eJY aiGukd a&vdo k ;kH Ekid w f m[m r,fawmfBuD;&JU taxmuftyHhaMumihfomjzpfyg\/ r,fawmfBuD;um; om;&[ef;pmoifom;twGuf vlBuHKeJYwpfzHk aiGydkYvTmeJYwpfrsKd; om;pdwf rnd§K;&atmif ay;ydkYae&Sm\/ pmrsuf E S m 26 ok d Y

&SdMuukef\/ tawmifr&SdMuí aumif;uifü ysHwufoGm; vmjcif;iSm rpGrf;EkdifMuukef? þum; Oyrmwnf;/ jA[®mBuD;\ bm0empsmef ukodkvfuHonf aus;? iSuf? usD;? vif;wwd\ Yk tawmifEiS w fh \ l / &aoh&[ef;wd\ Yk tbdnmÓPf? oAÁnK wÓPfrsm;onf vlwdkY\ todtvdrfrm ÓPfynmESihf wl\/ ae? v? wm&m? Mu,ftaygif;[laom aumif;uifbHkü aeMuukefaom ewforD;? ewfom;wd\ Yk ukov kd u f rH sm;onf aus;? iSu?f us;D ? vif;wwd\ Yk tawmif ESihfwl\/ &aoh &[ef;wdkY\ tbdnmÓPf? oAÁnKwÓPfrsm;onf vlwdkY\ todtvdrfrm ÓPfynmESihf wl\/ txufjzpfaom ewfjynf 6 xyf? jA[®mhjynf? txyfxyf[laom aumif;uifbHkwdkYü &SdaeMuukef aom ewf? odMum;? jA[®mwdkY\ ukodfkvfuHrsm;onf aus;? iSuf? usD;? vif;wdkY\ tawmifESihfwl\? &aoh&[ef;wdkY\ tbdnmÓPf? oAÁnKw ÓPfrsm;onf vlwdkY\ todtvdrfrm ÓPfynmESihfwl\/ xdkYaMumihf jA[®mBuD;onf bm0empsmefukodkvfuH\ tpGrf;aMumihf ae? ewfom;? v ewfom;wdu Yk o hJ Ykd xdx Yk uf tvGepf mG jzihaf om txufaumif;uifbBkH u;D ü ae&\/ wpfurÇmywfvHk; touf&Snf&\/ bkef;wefcdk;BuD;\/ tbdnmOf? oAÁnKwÓPf? r&SdonfhtwGufaMumihf eufeJaom w&m; rsKd;wdkYudkrlum; rodEkdif? rdrd\ udk,fawGU'd|rsKd;üom todnmPfjzpfEkdif \/ þodkYvQif tvHk;pHkudk odjrifEkdifaom bk&m;rnfonf aumif;uifbHk wdrYk mS jzpfEidk o f nfr[kw?f vlb Y rkH mS omjzpfEidk o f nf[k odjrif,MkH unfMu&ef wpfcsuf/ yuwdvlwdkY\ rsufjrif'd|r[kwfMuaom urÇmtjcif;t&m? avmu"mwftjcif;t&m? owå0gwdkY\ b0tqufqufusifvnfyHk tjcif;t&m? ukokdvfuH? tukodkvfuHwdkY\ tusKd;ay;yHk tjcif;t&m rsm;udk tbdnmÓPf? oAÁnKwÓPfESihf jynhfpHkMuukefaom vlrS jzpfaom orP jA[®PwdkYonfomvQif [kwfrSefpGm odEkdifjrifEkdifMu

mn.a- samma-dit.t.hi". The wrong understanding or belief (miccha-dit.t.hi) is that the God, who knows all and sees all connot appear in the human world but only in the highest heavenly abode, and that there can not be many gods but only one, and that God being the highest and noblest, must be eternal and free from old age, disease, death, etc. Detailed explanations of the wrong views, are given in our "Samma-dit.t.hi D1- pan1- ", the Manual of Right Views. (To be continue)

ukefonf[k ,HkMunf&ef wpfcsuf/ xdo k Ykd odEidk jf rifEidk u f ek af om omrP jA[®Pwd\ Yk okw?f 0denf;? tbd"r®m a'oempum;wdu Yk kd omvQif t[kwt f rSef tm;jzihf ,HMk unfMu &ef wcsuf/ þtcsufwdkYudk odjrif,HkMunfEkdifaom or®m'd|d ÓPfonf twd¬ avmau orPjA[®P or®m'd|drnf\/ tvHk;pHkudk tukef tpif odjrifEkdfifaom bk&m;rnfonf atmufusaom vlYbHkü rjzpfoihf? txufqHk; tjrihfqHk;jzpfaom aumif;uifbükH omjzpfoih\ f / tjrwfq;kH jzpfaom bk&m;rnfonf wpfql wnf;om jzpf&m\/ trsm;rjzpf&m? tpOfxm0& NrJ&m\/ tdkonf? emonf? aoonf[lí r&Sd&m tp&Sdonfjzihf BuHqí ,lMuaom rdpäm 0g'rsm;udk y,f&Sm;awmfrlonf/ (rdpäm0g'ESihf pyfvsOf;í pum;tus,fudkrlum; igwdkY pD&if aom ygVdbmom or®m'd|d 'DyeDygXfteuf? jrefrmbmom or®m'd|d 'DyeD usrf;wdkYrSm Munhf½IMuav)/ 'o0w¬ K u or® m 'd | d NyD ; \/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf /

TALKS ABOUT THE OPEN-MINDENESS "r®0D&onf Ak'¨\"r®w&m;awmf tppftrSefxGef;um;jyefhyGm;&efjzpfonf/

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TALKS ABOUT THE TRUE STORY "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ tMum;qdkawmh pma&;olawmh oli,fcsif;tdrf[m wdkuftdrfBuD;vm;? opfom; tdrfBuD;vm;? [dktdrfvm;? onftdrfvm;[kyif pOf;pm;&if; vSrf; vmcJhonf/ vrf;twdkif; avQmufvSrf;ae&if; awmifbufauGUwJh vrf;odkY qufoGm;&NyD; av;ig;tdrfausmfvkdufawmh oli,fcsif;&JU tdrftayguf 0odkY a&mufav\/ teD;tem;u trsKd;orD;wpfa,muf [pfatmfajymvdkufonf rSm ]tzGm;a& OD;yÍöif; jyef<uvmNyD} [laom toH pma&;ol Mum;vdkuf onf/ r,fawmfBuD;onf arQmfvifhrxm;onfh tcsdefwGif om;&[ef; jyef<uvmonf[k Mum;odvu kd &f awmh rD;rSed rf edS f rD;tdru f av;udk vufrmS udik v f suf tHMh oaom trlt&m? Munfomaom ESv;kH ? &TiNf yKH ;aom rsuEf mS eJY om;tvmudk BudKae&Smonf/ pma&;ol\ olaX;om;&[ef;[laom xifjrifcsuf[m rSef; csufeJY ESrf;wGufrudkufnDawmhygacs/ vrf;rSm tcsKd&nfzdk; &Sif;cJhwmawG jyefNyD; pOf;pm;&if; tm;emaerdawmhonf/ r,fawmfBuD;onf touf(60)ausmfcefY&SdacsNyD/ az;rulnD apmihfa&Smufrnfhol wpfOD;wpfa,mufrQ r&SdbJ wpfa,mufwnf;ae\/ olaewJh tdrfuav;um; 0g;rsmjzihf wnfaqmufxm;onf/ tus,frSm q,faycefYom&Sd\/ trdk;tumrsm;uvnf; tifzufrsm;jzihf jyKvkyf xm;NyD; rvHkY wvHk Mu,fwm&m tpHkjrifae&onf/ 0g;jcrf;rsm;cif;xm; NyD; tuGufr&SdaomaMumihf ]a&v,fjyifu avSi,f&Sifvdk} OD;upD;awmh yJhuaxmif? yJhupD;awmh OD;uaxmifjzpfovdk Murf;tcif;rsm;vnf; 'dk;'dk; a'gifa'gifeJY us,favmifpGm [pfa<u;aeavonf/ r,fawmfBu;D onf ydecf sKH ;aeonf/ rsupf u d vnf;rH?I em;uvnf; xdkif;? cg;uvnf;udkif;? qHuvnf; jzLaeacsNyD/ qif;&JNidKjiifpGm ae&NyD; tpmtm[m&vnf; csKdUwJhyHk&onf/ pma&;olonf r,fawmftdkBuD;eJY tdrftdfkuav;udk jrif&NyD; oem;aerdonf/ þrQqif;&JwJh tartdkBuD;[m om;&[ef;twGuf b,fvdkaxmufyHhaeygoenf;[k tajz&SmMunhfrdonf/ olaX;om; &[ef;uJhodkYaeaom oli,fcsif; &[ef;ESihf tvGef qif;&Jae&SmwJh r,fawmfBuD;wdkY\ tajctae uGmjcm;csufudk pdwf0if pm;NyD; tuJcwf avhvm&avonf/ aMomf...r,fawmfBuD;um; qif;&JpGm pm;aomufaexdkifae& apumrl om;&[ef;twGufusawmh rsufESmri,f&atmif jynfhpHkpGm axmufyHhay;aeyg\/ om;&[ef;um; oHk;½Hk;rQruyJ jzKef;ypfonftxd jzpfae\/ oli,fcsif;um; þtcsufudk rodavpG? jzpfrSjzpfavpGmh[k tawG;e,fcsJUaerdawmhonf/ pma&;olEiS fh oli,fcsi;f ? r,fawmfBu;D om;trdwo Ykd nf rD;tdrf uav; a&SUem;csvsuf pyfrdpyf&mpum;rsm; ajymaeMuonfrSm n 9 em&DcefYyifjzpfoGm;awmh\/ r,fawmfBu;D onf ]t&Sib f &k m;wdYk used ;f pufawmfryl gbk&m;} [k rMumcP avQmufxm;aom pum;udk pma&;olonf bmaMumihf vnf;[k pum;\ t"dyÜg,ftajzudk &Smaerdavonf/ taMumif;wpf pHkwpf&mawmh&Sdvdrhfrnf[laom oHo,pdwfjzpfaeonf/ rD;tdrfuav;uvnf; a&eHqDukefpjyKvmacsNyD/ qufNyD; pum;ajymaevnf; arSmifxJae&awmhrnf/ rusdef;ao;vdkYr& jzpfae awmh rMumrD tcsdefuav;wGif tdyfpuf&ef ae&m,lMuNyD; usdef;&awmh

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/ eJY ywfoufvdkY tjcm;tusdK;w&m;rsm;pGmvnf; &Sad eygao;w,f/ rsm;pGmxJu wpfcu k kd xkwEf w I f azmfjy&&ifawmhvlwpfa,mufu eHeuftcg xrif; tkd;BuD; tvHk;wpf&mcsufNyD;vSLw,f? aeYvnf tcgrSmvnf; tvHk;wpf&mcsufNyD; vSLw,f? naetcgrSmvnf;yJ tvHk;wpf&mcsufNyD;awmh vSLygw,f/ aemuftjcm;vlwpfa,muf uawmh eHeufcif;tcgrSm EGm;Edw Yk pfnp§ pf mtcsed af vmuf arwåmyGm;w,f? aeYvnfrmS vnf; EGm;Edw Yk pfnp§ f pmavmuf arwåmyGm;w,f? naecif;tcsdefrSm vnf; EGm;EdkYwpfn§pfpmavmuftcsdeftwGif; arwåmyGm;w,f/ xdkolESpfOD;rSm wpfaeYoHk;Budrfxrif; tdk;BuD; tvHk;wpf&mç wpf&mpDcsufNyD; vSL'gef; ol\ 'getusdK;xuf EGm;EdkYwpfn§pfpmtcsdefrQ arwåm yGm;rsm;aeol &&SdwJhukodkvftusdK;u ydkrdktusdK; ay;omvGefaMumif;udk ]ed'ge0*¾? Moyr®oH,kwf}rSm jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifa[mMum; awmfrx l m;ygao; w,f/ 'hgaMumihf arwåmbm0em yGm;rsm; tm;xkwfw,fqdkwm rdrdwdkY&SmazGpkaqmif; xm;wJh pnf;pdrfOpömawG ukefuspdkufxkwf p&mrvdk? t&if;enf;enf;eJY tusdK;BuD;rm;pGm &&SdaMumif; xif&Sm;vSygw,f/ aemufx;l jcm;csuf wpf&yfvnf; &Syd g ao;w,f/ arwåmbm0emqdkwm tjcm;aom ur® | mef ; bm0emrsm;uJ h o d k Y ud k , f h t usd K ; ouf o uf wpf c k w nf ; r[k w f y gbl ; / udk,fhtusdK;udk jzpfay: apovdk trsm;tusdK; trsm;twG u f j yKusih f aqmif & G u f a ejcif ; vnf;rnfygw,f/ Munf v if o ef Y & S i f ; wJ h p d w f t pOf e J Y ]]owå0gawG use;f rmMuygap? csr;f omMuygap}} vdkY arwåmjzefYyGm;aeorQtcsdefwkdif;rSm trsm; tusdK;udk jyKusihfaqmif&Gufaejcif; jzpfvdkYygyJ/ 'Dvdk yGm;rsm;aejcif;tm;jzihf rdrdoEÅmefrSm arwå m "mwf a wG jzpf y G m ;aewJ h t wG u f rdrdESihfxdpyf ywfouforQ 0ef;usiftwGif;&Sd vltrsm;eJY aygif;oif;qufqHa&;awGrSmyg aumif;usdK;udk jzpfay:aprSm trSefygyJ/ arwåmw&m;jzpfymG ;aeolrmS aMumif; usKd ;nDñw G pf mG u½kPm? rk'w d m? Oayu©mw&m; rsm;vnf ; quf p yf j zpf y G m ;vmEd k i f y gw,f / arwåm? u½kPm? rk'dwm? Oayu©mw&m;rsm; usiyfh mG ;ç jzpfymG ;vsuaf exkid o f u l kd jA[®0[ d m&jrwf a om aejcif ; jzih f a eol ? jA[® p &d , -

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rod rjzpf v d k t yf y gao;onf [ k rdefYawmfrl cJhyg\/ 'Dt&nftaoG; (5) rsKd ;[m rdro d EÅmef rSm trSew f u,f ude;f atmif;aeNyq D &kd if aumif; wJt h m½Hak wGrmS aysmaf rGUwwfNyjD zpfvYkd taMumif; aMumif;aMumifh aomujzpfp&m? a'gojzpfp&m awGeJY BuHKvmcJh&ifawmifrS rdrdpdwfudk bk&m;ç w&m;tm½H k a wG r S m xm;&if ; wnf N id r f a tmif BuKd ;pm;Edik Nf y;D rdrd olwpfyg;tusKd ;&Sad om ypöKyeÜ f wrvGef tusdK;&Sdaom tvkyftudkif? taet xdik w f jYkd zihf b0udk wefz;kd &S&d dS jzwfoef;Edik af wmhrmS rkcs{uef trSefyifjzpfygawmhoonf/ Ak'¨pmay? urÇmajr? Mum&SnfwnfwHhjyefYygap/ urÇmwpfvTm;? trSefw&m;? rsm;rsm;xGef;um; Muygap/ owå0grSefoa&GU? w&m;awGU? csrf;ajrUom,m&Sd ygap/ vl a t; (wrmajr)

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

t&SdESifh r&Sd t&S i f Ó P0& (omaygif ; )

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qef;ovm;[k ar;ayvdhrfr,f/ opfawmBuD;&Sd aepOfu xl;qef;ayonf[k tHhMooavmuf opfawmr&SdaomtcgwGifvnf; rtH h M oMu awmh? vlrsm;um; t&Su d dkom owdxm;w,f/ tH h M oai;armMuw,f / awG ; awmw,f ? r&Sdoabmudkum; rtHhMoMuyg/ rD;t&Sed af Mumifh aysmufysuo f mG ;aom opfwHk;BuD;rsm;\ tav;csdefum; tb,fodkY a&mufomG ;avoenf;/ tvGeaf v;vSygonfqkd aom þtav;csdefum; t&SdoabmrS r&Sd oabmodkY a&mufoGm;avNyD/ rD;jzpfí? avjzpf í wufomG ;avNy/D vlrsm;ç qifrsm;jzihyf if rçí r&Edik af om opf\tav;csed u f m; tyl&edS af Mumihf tvGefayhgyg;aom avoabmodkY aqmifoGm; avNy/D tHMh ozG,af umif;avpG/ oabmobm0 \ tpGrf;xufvSygw,f/ uREfkyfwdkY acR;'D;'D;us atmif rç aomfvnf; av;vHí rçí r&Edkif aom opfwHk;udk rD;tyl&Sdefu wpfcPtwGif; avmifuRr;f í tav;csed Bf u;D udk zsuq f ;D vku d yf g awmhw,f/ ew¬doabmr&Sdoabm a&mufoGm; avNyD/ uREfkyfwdkY aeYpOftdyfaeus arGU,m td y f & mBuD ; um; rd I Y t jynh f E S i h f &S d a eygw,f / av;vHw,f? txnfj'yfoP²mef BuD;rm;w,f/ vufjzihf tawmfrç ,l&w,f/ þarGU,mBuD; rD;avmifuRrf;u vufwpfqkyfpmrQyif r&Edkif? jymb0odkY qdkufa&mufawmhw,f/ rD;&Sdef\ avmifuRrf;rIjzihf arGU,m&JU tav;csdefvnf; &Sd oabmrS r&SdoabmodkY a&mufomG ;avawmh onf/ þonfum; oabmobm0yifjzpfw,f/ rqef;vS/ t&SdoabmrS r&SdoabmodkY ajymif; jcif;udv k nf;aumif;? tw¬yd pön;f onf ew¬yd pön;f oabmodkY ajymif;wwfjcif;udkvnf;aumif;? XD oabmrS bifobm0odkY ajymif;wwfjcif;udk vnf;aumif; uREfkyfwdkY tNrJESvHk;oGif;tHh/ vlwu Ykd touf&iS af epOf t&So d abm ESihf wnfaew,f/ wpfaeYaomf t&SdoabmrS r&So d abmodYk a&TUavsmí aoqH;k Muawmhw,f/ xdktcg usefolrsm;u aooltwGuf oem;Mu

w,f/ idka<u;Muw,f/ t&Sdrsm;u r&SdtwGuf oem;Muw,f/ trSeu f r&Sad omol aoaomol wGif cHpm;rIr&Sdawmhay/ rnfodkYyif olYudkjyKvkyf aomfvnf; olrodawmh/ okca0'emç 'ku©a0' emwdkYrS uif;vGwfaeNyD/ ¤if;a0'emwdkYtwGuf aoolwGif ylp&m yifp&m aMumufp&mr&Sad wmh/ oem;zG,af umif;olwu Ykd m; touf&iS af eolrsm; yif/ ¤if;wdkYu r&Sdoabm\ Nidrf;at;rIudk rod? oabmrayguf? owdrxm;? t&So d abmudo k m taumif;xifaew,f? om,maew,f? wG,w f m aew,f/ þt&Sdoabmrsm;um; uREfkyfwdkY\ ½kyfemrfrsm;yifjzpfw,f/ þonfwdkYum; uREfkyf wd k Y u d k rsuf & nf u sapw,f ? yl a qG ; apw,f ? ESdyfpufw,f? udk,fqif;&Jç pdwfqif;&Judk jzpfap w,f/ jrpf0wGif wjznf;jznf; oJrsm;ydkYí aomifuRef;xGef;vmw,f/ ¤if;aemuf opfyif rsm; aygufvmygw,f/ NrKd U&Gmrsm; wnfMuw,f/ vlç wd&pämefrsm; aeMuw,f/ xdktcg ouf&Sd oufrJhrsm;onf xdkjrpf0uRef;ay:a'oBuD;ay: wGif t&SdoabmodkYa&mufvmw,f/ xdktcg vlwdkYonf tHhMoMuw,f/ þa'oBuD;um; tb,f u J h o d k Y jzpf v mavoenf ; / rnf o l zefqif;avoenf;? wtHhwMojzpfMuw,f/ obm0\oabmw&m;aMumifh r&SdoabmrS t&So d abmodYk a&mufvmygw,f[k owdrxm; Mu? rodMu/ þuJhodkYyif avmuü r&SdoabmrS t&SdoabmodkY ajymif;vJjcif;ESihf t&SdoabmrS r&SdoabmodkY ajymif;vJjcif;wdkYu obm0 tavsmufvnf;aumif;? taMumif;tm;avsmf pGmvnf;aumif; tNrjJ yKjyifajymif;vJvsuaf eMu w,f/ opfaphwdkYu aeç avç a&ç ajrwdkY\ axmufyHhrIaMumifh tyifBuD;rsm;jzpfMuw,f/ t&SdoabmodkY qdkufa&muf\/ rD;avmifjyef aomf tyl&SdefaMumihf avjzpf\/ jymjzpf\/ opfyifaysmufí r&SdoabmodkYqdkufa&muf\/ rD;avmifjyefaomf tyl&SdefaMumifh avjzpf\/ jymjzpf \ / opf y if a ysmuf í r&S d o abmod k Y aqmifawmhw,f/ obm0 avç ajrç a&ç rD; rsm;ESihf jyefíyl;aygif;jyefawmhw,f/ þuJhodkY wajymif;jyefjyef jyKjyifajymif;vJaejcif;udyk ifvQif ocFg&avmu[k ac:w,f/ owåavmuac: ouf & S d a vmuonf v nf ; t&S d o abmES i h f r&So d abm tNrjJ yKjyifajymif;vJaeojzihf ocFg& avmuxJwGif yg0ifaeygw,f/ xd k Y a Mumih f uREf k y f w d k Y u obm0 pmrsuf E S m 35 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS "r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

vufay;ygqdku vufrcH? tvSLcHygqdkrS vufcoH nfE,S f cifolZmjrihf 1985 rS 1964 xd urÇmat;wGif jynfwGif;jynfy Ak'¨omoem oHCwuúodkvf zGiv fh pS yf nmoifMum;ay;í "r®mp&d,atmifNy;D (10)0gatmuf oHCmrsm;udk vufcHoifMum; ay;onf/ oif M um;ay;aom q&mrsm;rS m urÇ m h A k ' ¨ w uú o d k v f r S 0ef x rf ; q&mrsm;ES i h f q&mawmfOD;aoXdvESihf OD;ynm'Dy q&mawmf rsm;jzpfMuonf/ xdkAk'¨wuúodkvfrS vmjyaom q&m xJwGif t*Fvdyfpm zwfpmudk oifay;aom q&monf tNrJaiGygrvm? twef;0ifvmaom tcg OD;yÍÆi;f b,favmufygovJ ay;wpfusy[ f k awmif;um olpm;aomufvkdaom vzuf&nf uGrf;,mudk 0,fpm;avh&Sdonf/ OD;yÍÆi;f rsm;qD waeYwpfyg; tvSnu fh s awmif;cH tvSLcHojzihf OD;yÍÆif;rsm;uvnf; ud k , f h q &morm;jzpf í rnnf ; rjiLapwem o'¨ g w&m;xuf o ef p G m jzih f pG e f Y B uJ a y;urf ; Muygonf/ wpfaeYwGif OD;yÍÆif; OD;"r®yD,u q&mudkcspfpEdk;jzihf ]q&m q&mu ]]a'wDwd 'g,aum}} ay;vS L ol a v? OD ; yÍÆ i f ; wd k Y u 'ud © a P,s jrwf a om tvS L cH a v? ,ck OD;yÍÆif;wdkYu 'g,um? q&mu 'ud©aP,s yk*¾dKvfjzpfaew,f? wpfcgwpf&Hawmh 'umr BuD;eJYwdkifyifNyD; a'wdwd'g,umjzpfatmif qGr;f av; bmav; uyfygOD;av} [k rdeMYf um;&m/ xdktcg q&mu]tr,f udk,fawmf udk,fawmfwdkY bk&m;ubJ a[mxm;wm oAÁ'geH "r®'geH Zdemwd tvSLwumh tvSLxJrmS w&m;tvSL[m tjrwfqHk;vkdYbk&m;a[mxm;w,fav/ ,ck wynhaf wmfu ynmoifay;aewm[m "r®tvSL r[kwf bl;vm;} [k jyefajymojzihf tem;&Sd pmoifom;oHCmrsm;u q&mESihf OD;"r®yd,udk MunhfNyD; waomaom &,farmMuavonf/ xdt k csed w f iG f q&mawmfO;D ynm'Dyu a&muf v mNyD ; OD ; yÍÆ i f ; rsm; waomaom oabmusyH k t aMumif ; pH k u d k ar;ojzih f OD;yÍÆif;wpfyg;u taMumif;pHkajymjyaomtcg q&mawmfu-

]tif ; ud k , f a wmf a v;wd k Y q&mu vufay;ygqdkvdkY ray;? tvSLcHygqdkrS ay;qdkwJh awmxGuf&[ef;BuD; yHkjyifvdkjzpfaeNyDaygY} [k rdefYMum; onf/ ]tus,fuav; rdefYMum;ygOD;bk&m;} [k wpfyg;u avQmufxm;onf/ ]at; a&S ; u awm&G m wpf & G m rS m awmxGufbkef;BuD; wpfyg; ausmif;xdkifowJh/ tJ ' D u d k , f a wmf B uD ; u ypö n f ; ypö , tvG e f ruf a rmNyD ; tvS L cH & orQ tuk e f p k o wJ h / olwpfyg;udkjyefvSLavhr&Sdovkd ausmif;om; ud k & if a wG u d k v nf ; a0iS a y;avh r &S d b l ; wJ h / tvS L cH y gqd k v Qif tvG e f r suf E S m &T i f v ef ; NyD ; olx Y u H wpfcck ak y;ygvdYk awmif;cH&vQif tvGef pdwfqdk;NyD; ESajrm0efwdkwwfowJh/ wpfaeY acsmif;ul;jrpfzsm; &Gmwpf&Gm rSm 'umwpfO;D u qGr;f pm; vmyihv f Ykd vdu k yf g<u oG m ;owJ h ? acsmif ; us,f w pf c k a &muf a wmh avSEiS u fh ;l &owJ?h yiho f 'l umu avSavSmo f wJ/h acsmif ; v,f a cgif t a&muf r S m ½k w f w &wf avSu ,dr;f xd;k Ny;D awmxGub f ek ;f Bu;D avSay:u

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(t0g&d , Zmwf ) a&S;oa&mtcg jynfAm&m? jA[®'wfrif; rif;jyKcg? Ak'¨avmif;vsm xdkpOfu ykPÖm;rsKd;üjzpf&/ t&G,fa&mufu ynmoif twwfrsKd;pHkvif/ odkYpOfygvQifvsuf avmuDtrI ykPÖm;olrjyK/ avmuDtrIpdwfryg &[ef;oljyKum/ [dr0EÅm awmpcef;? ol\ ausmif;ocFrf;/ qGrf;tvdkYeJY csOfqm;iSm? Am&mqDodkY xGufcJhyg/ a&mufwJhtcg &[ef;ykPÖm;? rif;O,smOfü acwåem;/ ykPÖm;&[ef;aemufaeYcg rif;&ifjyifodkY <ucJhyg/ jrifoGm;yg Am&mrif;? MunfndKrd &ifwGif;/ odkYjzihfeef;wGif; qGrf;zdwfum? xdk&[ef;udk vkyfauR;yg/ wpfaeYwpfcg rif;w&m; &[ef;jrwfxHvmcpm;/ bk&m;tavmif;uvnf; aeYpOfom? rif;BuD;vmwdkif; qHk;ryg/ a&SmifMuOf&moifrSwfxm; t*wdav;yg;/ aemufxyfajymMum; &[ef; ]rSm}? onf;cHjcif;ESihf arwåmyg/ u½kPm&ifrSmuyf xdkolomvQif rif;jyKtyf/ txyfxyfjzihf qHk;ryg a'gotrsufrxGuf&m/ odkYrSom xdkrif;ppf wdkif;oljynfom;cspf/ w&m;ppfudk em&&m?

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rif;BuD;pdwfrSm Munfo'¨g? tcGefwpfodef;xGuf&m &GmrGefjrwf? bk&m;tavmif;udk vSLtyf/ rif;jrwfvSLwJh ¤if;&Gm? bk&m;tavmif;u vufrcHyg/ ac:,lum O,smOfrSL; rdefYrSmol`rGwfusL;/ umvtxl;MumjrifhpGm onfO,smOfrSm igae&m/ NiD;aiGUvmí t&yfwpfyg; Zeyk'fudk vSnhfvnfoGm;/ rif;w&m;qDoGm;acsum? O,smOfrSL;u avQmufwifyg/ odkYrdefYrSm ajymMum;vsuf xdkO,smOfrS csufcsif;xGuf/ wpfzufurf;odkY ul;zdkY&m? **Fgul;wdkY qdyfa&muf&Sdvm/ ul;wdkYorm;rSm? vl&rf;um; r&Sd todw&m;/ xdkyk*¾dKvftm; ajymonfrSm toif-'g,um/ vdkufydkY yg [dkbufurf; pum;olurf;vSrf;/ &[ef;pum; Mum;aomtcg? ul;wdkYorm; olar;yg/ ay;rSmvm; aiGaMu;p? ydkYonfh 0efaqmifc/ &[ef;xHrS &onfrSm? aiGpaMu;p r[kwfyg/ &onfrSm ul;wdkYc w&m;jrwf"r®/ ul;wdkYcaiG r&aomf ul;wdkYorm; Zmwday:/ &[ef;awmfudk ol½dkufykwf ul;wdkYorm; xdkvl,kwf/ xdkodkY ½dkufykwf ESdyfpufpOf ul;wdkYZeD;a&mufvmjrif/ tdkµ cspfvift½dkuf&yf? onf&[ef;udk r½dkuftyf/ &[ef;oljrwf yk*¾dKvfrSm rif;w&m;BuD;q&m/ &yfvdkufyg olajymMum;? rif;'Pfoihv f rd rfh nfwum;/ olYr,m;\ pum;yif? em;xJvHk;vHk; olr0if? qufNyD;vQif olESdyfpuf?

r,m;udkyg ol½dkufESuf/ tkwftkwfusufusuf toHMum;&m vltrsm;u 0dkif;0ef;vm/ ul;wdkYq&mudk zrf;qD;NyD; bk&ifrif;jrwfxH ac:oGm;ownf;/ bk&ifBuD;vnf; xdktcg olrnfodkYrQ ra&Smifom/ oem; rn§mcGihfrvTwf rif;jypfrif;'Pfcwf/

twd w f \ yH k & d y f þt0g&d , Zmwf u d k tcgwpf y g; jrwfpmG bk&m;&Sif aZw0efausmif;awmfü oDwif; oHk;aepOf ul;wdkYqdyf&Sd wpfa,mufaom ul;wdkY orm;udk taMumif;jyKí a[mMum;awmfrljcif; jzpfygonf/ xdu k ;l wdo Yk rm;onf vlru kd w f pfO;D jzpf \/ &wemoHk;yg;\ *kPfaus;Zl;udkvnf; rod/ rnfo\ l aus;Zl;udrk Qvnf;rod/ ½ke&Yf if;Murf;wrf; pGmajymqdkNyD; olwpfyg;udk tEdkifusihfwwfaom oljzpf\/ wpfaeYwGif &[ef;wpfyg;rSm jrwfpGm bk&m;&Sifudk zl;jrifvdkojzihf xdkul;wdkYorm;tm; wpfbufurf;odkYvdkufydkYcdkif;\/ ul;wdkYorm;u tcsdeftcgr[kwf nOfheufaeNyDjzpfí vdkufrydkY Ekid [ f k qd\ k / &[ef;u vdu k yf &Ykd ef xyfíqdak om tcg ul;wdkYorm; vl,kwfrmonf &[ef;tm; avSodkYwufapNyD; avSudk aumif;pGmrcwfyJ wrif avSudk vl;atmifjyKí &[ef;\ oydwf ouFef; tp&SdonfwdkYudk pdkukefap\/ þodkYjzihf jrwfpmG bk&m;&Sit f m; zl;jrifvakd om &[ef;onf jrwfpGmbk&m; oDwif;oHk;&mausmif;odkY a&muf oGm;aomfjim;? tcsdefr[kwf&um; aemufaeY reufwGifrS jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; zl;jrifcGihf&\/ bk&m;&Sifu xdk&[ef;tm; rnfonfh tcsdefu wnf;u þodkYa&mufaeoenf;[kar;aomf ,ref a eY n u a&muf a ejcif ; jzpf y gonf [ k avQmufxm;\/ ,refaeYnu a&mufaeonf jzpf v suf ,ck r S i gY t m; vma&muf z l ; jrif & oenf;[k ar;vQif xdk&[ef;u ul;wdkYorm;\ taMumif;udk bk&m;&Siftm; avQmufxm;\/ xdt k cg bk&m;&Siu f þul;wdo Yk rm;rSm ,cktcg wGifomvQif þuJhodkY tEkdiftxufjyKrlwwf onfr[kwf? a&S;uvnf; þul;wdkYorm;onf ynm&SdwdkYudk 'ku©a&mufapcJhonf[kqdkum twdwf\ Zmwfudk aqmifawmfrlygonf/ a&S;tcgu Am&mPoDjynfü jA[® 'wfrif; tkyfpdk;csdefwGif Ak'¨avmif;vsmonf yk P Ö m ;rsKd ; üjzpf \ / t&G , f a &muf í ynm oif a omf twwf r sKd ; pH k u d k uRrf ; usif p G m

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ wwfajrmuf\/ okdYaomf avmuDtrIürarGU avsmf b J &[ef ; jyKum [d r 0EÅ m t&yf ü ausmif ; ocF r f ; aqmuf u m ol a wmf a umif ; w&m;wdkYudk yGm;rsm;íae\/ wpfaeYaomf qGrf; ESifh csOq f m;tvdiYk mS Am&mPoDNrKd UodYk xGucf \ hJ / Am&mPoDNrdKUodkY a&mufvQif rif;\ O,smOf awmfü acwå0ifa&mufem;cdk\/ eHeuftvif; a&mufaomtcgwGifrS eef;&ifjyifodkY <uvSrf; awmfrl\/ xdk&[ef;udk Am&mrif; jrifaomf Munf n d K o'¨ g pd w f j zpf a y:í xd k a eY r S p um eef;awmfwGif;odkY yifhí qGrf;vkyfauR;onfh tjyif w&m;"r®tqHk;trudk em,l\/ bk&m; tavmif;onfvnf; rif;BuD;vmwdkif; qHk;r pum;udkqdk\/ t*wd av;yg;udka&SmifMuOf&ef? wdu k w f eG ;f \/ onf;cHzYkd owå0gwdt Yk ay: arwåm xm;zdkY? u½kPmxm;zdkYwdkYudkvnf; owday;\/ a'gotrsufrxGuf zdkYudkvnf; rSmMum;\/ xdkodkYaom ]rif;} jzpfrSomvQif xdk ]rif;} onf wdkif;oljynfom; taygif;u MunfndKav;pm; cspfcifjrwfEdk;aom ]rif;} jzpfrnf[kqdk\/ bk & if r if ; jrwf v nf ; w&m;ppf u d k emMum;&onfjzpfí ydkíydkíyifMunfndK o'¨g pdwf0ifNyD; xdk&[ef;tm; tcGefwpfodef;xGuf aom &Gmudkay;vSL\/ odkYaomf xdk&[ef;u vufrcHcJhay/ &[ef;onf O,smOfrSL;udkac:í þt&yf ü igaeonf r S m MumNyD / NiD ; aiG U NyD / xdkYaMumihft&yfwpfyg;odkY <uawmhrnf/ oifwdkY \ bk&ifBuD;udk xdktaMumif;udk oGm;avQmuf av[kqu kd m csucf si;f yifc&D;xGuaf wmfro l nf/ þodkYjzihf wpfbufurf;odkYul;zdkY ul;wdkYqdyfodkY a&mufco hJ nf/ ul;wdo Yk rm;um; vl&rf;um;wpf a,mufjzpfonf/ todw&m;rJo h jl zpf\/ &[ef; u olYudkwpfbufurf;odkY vdkufydkY&ef ajymaom tcg ul;wdcYk ay; ray; &[ef;tm;ar;\/ &[ef; u ul;wdkYcudk aiGaMu;ray;rlí jrwfaom w&m; "r® u d k ul ; wd k Y c tjzpf c sD ; jr§ i h f \ / uRyJ g;apmif;wD;qdo k uJo h Ykd w&m;"r®\ wefz;kd udk rod a omul ; wd k Y o rm;onf ul ; wd k Y c aiG r& aumif;vm;[kqdkí xdk&[ef;tm; ½dkufykwf n§Of;qJ\/ xdkodkY ½dkufykwfn§if;qJESdyfpuf aepOf ul ; wd k Y o rm;\ ZeD ; onf o nf ol Y c if y G e f ; twGufxrif;vmykdY\/ xdktcdkuf &[ef;awmf ud k ½d k u f y k w f a eaom ol Y v if v l r d k u f B uD ; ud k awG U aomf ? þ&[ef ; ud k E S d y f p uf j cif ; rS & yf y g/ þ&[ef;rSm ½d;k ½d;k omref&[ef;r[kw/f rif;q&m &[ef;wnf;[kqdk\/ odkYaomf vlrdkuful;wdkY orm;onf olYr,m;ajymonfudkrQ em;r0ifbJ olYr,m;udkyg xdk&[ef;bufrSvdkufíajym& rvm;[k tjypfjrifum olZY eD;udyk g ½du k yf w k u f ef ausmuf\/ xdkYaMumihf xdkrdef;rvnf;ajrüvJNydK

½Hkru ol,laqmifvmcJhaom xrif;csKdihfwdkYyif vGihfpifysufpD;ukef\/ þodkYjrpfqdyfü ½kwf½kwfoJoJjzpfae jcif;udk jrif&Mum;&oltaygif;onf þul;wdkY orm;\ taMumif;udk odMuolrsm;jzpf&um; vltrsm;u olYudk 0dkif;0ef;zrf;qD;um Am&mrif; \ a&S U arS m uf o d k Y a qmif M uOf ; awmf r l o nf / rif;BuD;vnf; taMumif;pHkudkod&aomf w&m; twdkif;rpD&ifurjzpf? w&m;enf;vrf;twdkif; om ppfar;í tjypf&Sdygu tjypfay;rSjzpfrnf udk oabmayguf\/ xdkYaMumihf rif;BuD;onf xdkul;wdkYorm;tm; cGihfvTwfawmfrrlbJ rvTJ

ra&Smifom rif;jypfrif;'Pfcwfvu kd &f awmhonf/ Zmwfaygif;aomf ,ck ul;wdkYorm; onf a&S ; oa&mtcguvnf ; ul ; wd k Y o rm; wpfa,mufyifjzpfcJhí ,ck &SiftmeE´mudk,f awmfurl a&S;oa&mtcgu Am&mrif;jzpfcJhum igbk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfjrwfBuD;url [dka&S;tcg u &[ef;oljrwfjzpfcJhzl;NyD[k Zmwfaygif;awmf rlygonf/ aZmfaemif usrf;udk;- t0g&d,Zmwfawmf ig;&mhig;q,fyHk0w¬K/ (anmifuefq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;)/

pmrsuf E S m 37 rS vdkufavonf/ þodkYjzihf t&Sifom&dykwå&m rax&fjrwfBuD;\ axmufyHhrIaMumifh &[ef;jzpf vmw,f / rMumrD t csd e f u mvtwG i f ; rS m ur®|mef;w&m;udk usihfBuHtm;xkwf&if; w&m; xl; &oGm;avawmhw,f/ armifzdk;aumif;ESihf armifayoD;wdkY om;tzESpfa,mufvHk; w&m;emMuonfrSm Nird cf suo f m;aumif;vSonf/ pma&;ola[mMum; wJh w&m;xJ pdw0f ifpm;aeMu[efwo l nf/ wpfcg wpf&H a[molemol tcsi;f csi;f aomfvnf;aumif;? olwpfjyefu, kd w f pfjyef tjyeftvSeaf qG;aEG;Mu &mwGifvnf;aumif;? ajymaeaom taMumif; t&m? pum;xJpdwfpdkufNyD; psmef0ifoGm;Muonf rSm "r®wmjzpfayonf/ ]]aumif;vdkufwm bk&m;? olawmf aumif;awG[m awmfawmfMunfndKp&maumif; wmyJaemf? wu,fawG;Munfh&if &m" ykPÖm;u t&S i f o m&d y k w å & mrax&f j rwf B uD ; tay: qGr;f wpfa,mufravmufav; avmif;vSLvku d f wm bmrS a wmh od y f r ajymyavmuf y gbl ; / awmfawmfukd aus;Zl;odwwfwhJ olawmfaumif; rdkYom tckvdk aus;Zl;jyefqyfwmyJaemf}} ]]aus;Zl ; qd k w m enf ; wmrsm;wm t"dur[kwb f ;l uG? tJ'aD us;Zl;udk rarhz?Ykd jzpfEikd f &if udk,fwwfEdkifwJhtaetxm;eJY jyefqyfzdkYu om ta&;Bu;D w,f/ tJ'u D pd ö vlwikd ;f rvG,b f ;l / 'gaMumifhvJ avmurSm olawmfaumif;awG enf;aewmayhg/ rSwfxm;MuuG? avmurSm olwpfyg;aus;Zl;odwwfrS olawmfaumif;uG? b,folawG bmyJajymaeae vlwpfa,mufudk tuJcwfMunhfvkduf? olwpfyg;aus;Zl;odwwf ovm;? rodwwfbl;vm;? odwwf&if olawmf aumif;? rodwwf&if olawmfaumif;r[kwb f ;l uG? 'gudkyJ 'dkYbk&m;a[m pmayusrf;*efxJu uwnKw? uwa0'D- vdYk jyqdx k m;w,f/ vd&k if; uawmh enf;wmrsm;wmxm;? udk,hftay: olwpfyg;ujyKxm;wJh aus;Zl;w&m;udk tNrJod

aewm? pyf r d & if ajymjywm? wwf E d k i f & if wpfenf;enf;eJY jyefqyfwmudkajymwmygyJuGm? tJ'gom rSwfxm;Muayawmh}} ]]wif y gh b k & m;? q&mawmf t aeeJ Y omoema&;vkyfief;awGvkyfae&if; rtm;vyf wJh Mum;xJu wynhaf wmfwo Ykd m;tzudk tckvkd pdw&f n S v f uf&n S f a[mjyay;wJt h wGuf aus;Zl; wif&ydS gw,fb&k m;? wynhaf wmfwt Ykd aeeJY q&m awmfa[mwJhtwkdif; twwfEdkifqHk; vkdufem aqmif & G u f M ur,f v d k Y uwd u 0wf j yKygw,f bk&m;}} tazjzpfol armifzdk;aumif;u 0efcH uwday;NyD; pma&;oltm; avQmufxm;tNyD; om;jzpfol armifayoD;uyg qufvufavQmuf xm;jyefonf/ ]]wynhfawmfvJ q&mawmfa[mwJh w&m;twkid ;f twwfEikd q f ;kH vku d ef maqmif&u G f yhgr,fb&k m;? pdwt f vdv k u dk Nf y;D aemifrrdu k af wmh ygbl;/ tckvkd q&mawmfa[mwJw h &m;em&wm wynhfawmftwGuf uHaumif;ygw,fbk&m;? ausmif;udk ac:vmcJhwJhtazudkvnf; aus;Zl; wifygw,f/ w&m;awmfudk a[mMum;ay;wJh q&mawmfuv kd J txl;yJaus;Zl;wifygw,fb&k m;? wynhfawmf[m pdwfopf? vlopf? b0opfeJY vl a wmf v l a umif ; wpf a ,muf j zpf a tmif BuKd ;pm;ygawmhr,f? rdbq&morm;eJY ud, k t fh ay: aus;Zl;&SdcJhzl;wJholrsm;udkvnf; twwfEdkifqHk; aus;Zl;qyfEdkifwJh olwpfa,mufjzpfatmif BudK;pm;ygawmhr,fhtaMumif; q&mawmfxH uwdjyKygw,fbk&m;/ ]]om"k- om"k- om"k}} þodkYjzihf armifzdk;aumif;wdkYom;tz ESpfa,muf 0rf;ajrmufaomrsufESm? Munfom aom ESvHk;jzihf &TifNyHK;vef;jzm jyefoGm;Mu&Sm avownf;/ t&S i f o D v pm& (zm;uef Y ) rSDNidrf; r*Fvmokwf

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jrwfpGmbk&m; w&m;a[mawmfrl&m a'oem uxmtpOf

In order sermons given by the Lord Buddha "r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmif (tjynf j ynf q k d i f & max&wuú o k d v f ) a'oemuxmtpOf 6 yg; jrwf p G m bk & m;ocif w&m;a[mMum;awmf r l a om tcg a'oemawmf uxmtpOf(6) yg;twdkif;twmtm;jzihf a[mMum;awmf rlygonf/ ¤if;a'oemuxmtpOf (6)yg;wdkYrSm (1) 'geuxm/ (2) oDvuxm/ (3) o*¾uxm/ (4) umrmeH tm'De0uxm/ (5) edu©ar tmedoHouxm/ (6) omrkuúH odua'oem[lí a'oemuxm (6)yg;jzpfygonf/ -'gew&m;? OD;pGmxm;? a[mMum;&aywm/ -xdkYaemuf 'kwd,? jrwfoDv? a[mjy&aywm/ -'ge oDv? xdkESpf0aMumihf? o*¾ewfjynf? a&muf&ay? rdefYacR wwd,m/ -ewfjynf a&muf&? csrf;ompGmhvnf;? umrtjypf? azmfjyvSpf? pdppfa[m&yg/ -umr*kPfrS? xGufcGmMuaomf? okcNzdK;NzdK;? csrf;omwdk;? tusKd;azmfjy&m/ -opömav;wef? omrkuúH? xkwfjyefa[m&yg/

uxmtpOf 6 yg;vQif &Sifcspfa'oem/ (tH? 8? |? w-233) 'geuxm? 'gew&m; a[mMum;awmf r l y H k 'geuxmudka[mMum;awmfrlaomtcg 'ge\ *kPfowdå oabmudk Oyrmrsm;pGmNcH&Hí a[mMum;awmfrlonf/ (1) £'H 'geH emr okcgeH ed'geH þ'ge rnfonfum; csrf;ompD;yGm; tusKd;w&m;wdkY\ taMumif; jzpfayonf/ 'ge[lu jrwfokc? &zdkYtaMumif;wnf;/ (2) orÜwdåeHrlvH þ'gonfum; rif;pnf;pdrf? olaX;pnf;pdrf? ol<u,fpnf;pdrf? rl;rwf aoemywdpnf;pdrf? ewfjA[®mpnf;pdrfwdkYudk &jcif;\ taMumif;&if; rlvy"meyifwnf;/ 'ge[l b d ? orÜ w d å ? &&S d r l & if ; wnf ; / (3) abm*geH ywd | m 'ge[lonf &wemtaxGaxG a&TaiGqefpyg;? uRJEGm;qifjrif;? a`cG&Htaptyg;? v,f,mudkif;uRef;? wdkufwmtdrfajrtp&Sdaom pmrsuf E S m 16 ok d Y

cdu k ;kd &mopf t&dyp f pfoYkd rÍÆLou (rHk&Gm) onfESpftnmaEGu tyljyif;xefonf/ 2010 arvwGifawmh tylpHcsdefusKd;NyD; pHcsdefopf oHk;Budrftxd a&mufonfhwdkif tylcsdefjrihfwuf cJhonf/ odkYwap t&m&m rwnfNrJaom ocFg&oabmtwdkif; onf;xef pGm&Gmaomrdk;ESihf avjyif;wdkYaMumihf tat;"mwfwdkYu vTrf;cJhNyD/ ylavmif jcif ; rS at;csrf ; jcif ; od k Y a&muf & S d v m&onf h t&omud k cH p m;rd & if ; ? ylavmifjyif;jyaom b0vrf;rS at;csrf;onhf b0odkY wufvSrf;vmEkdif olav;rsm;\ taMumif;udk pOf;pm;awG;awmrd&mu yDwdwdkYjzpfay:aerd pmrsuf E S m 19 ok d Y onf/