DV21-11 by Thomas Winn

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Address Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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EDITORIAL "r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/

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Satipat.t.ha-na: - THE DIRECT PATH TO REALIZATION

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Satipat.t.ha-na: - THE DIRECT PATH TO REALIZATION "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/

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Whoever with no desire (for the household) friends pleasure in the forest (of asceticism), and though freed from desire (for the household), (yet) runs back to that very home, behold that very man! Freed he runs back to that very bondage.

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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atmifjrifa&;&m enf;vrf;av;jzm (2) rkH&GmaeZm t&S i f Z ed E ´ o m& (o'¨ r ® a Zmwd u "Z) (u) ]oapöem} vdu 0g'de/H ("r®y'? *gxm trSwf- 223) tvd u 0g'd e H - r[k w f r rS e f p um; vk y f B uH a jymMum;avh & S d a omol u k d ? oapö e (rdrdu) pum;trSef rSefuefaomtvkyf jyKvkyf ajymqkdjcif;jzihf? Zdae- atmifjrif&m\/ rk o m;orm;uk d opö m w&m;eJ Y tEk d i f , l y g/ ]rkom;ryg vuFmracsm} qkdwJhpum; ukd vlajymolajymrsm;ygw,f/ t"dygÜ ,fu rkom; ryg&if vuFmracsmrSmpk;d wJt h wGuf rkom;pum; ukd xnfhNyD;ajymae&w,fqkdwJh oabmygyJ/ r[k w f r rS e f w m ajymqk d j cif ; qk d w J h rkom0g'ukd vlawGem;rvnf? ajymvnf;rajym wJh wpfcsdefaomumvu rkom0g'ukd a&S;OD;pGm usL;vGefazmufjym;ajymMum;rdwJh apwd,qkdwJh rif;wpfyg;[m ajrrsKdcHcJh&zl;ygw,f/ Ak'¨bk&m;&Siftm; r[kwfrrSef vkyfBuH ajymqk d c suf ? tBuH t zef [ef a qmif o ½k y f aqmifcsufrsm;ESihf vlAkdvfykHtv,frSm t&Suf wuGJ tusKd;enf;jzpfatmifvkyfcJhwJh pdÍörmP 0dumvnf; ajrrsKdcH&NyD; b0ed*kH;csKyfoGm;cJhzl; w,fav/ trS e f r S m awmh tJ ' D t rsKd ; orD ; [m rrSefruefvkyfBuHrIaMumifh w&m;cHjzpfoGm;cJh& wmyg/ trSefpifppf 'Djzpf&yf&JUaemufydkif;u BuKd;qGJpDrHaewmuawmh omoemy t,l&SdMu wJh wdw¦dwuúwGef;awGygyJ/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

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wdkYu umVmaomurif;BuD;ukd ypönf;av;yg; 'g,umjyKNyD ; td E ´ d , Ek d i f i H ? a0omvD j ynf ? 0gvum½kHausmif;rSm okwåef? 0denf;? tbd"r®m a'oemw&m;awmfrsm;ukd (7)vMum EIwfwwf tm*kHjyefqkdMuNyD; 'kwd,tBudrf o*Fg,emwif awmfrlcJhMu&jyefygw,f/ omoemESpf (235)ck? (bDpD 308) ukd a&mufjyefwJhtcg &[ef;a,mif? &[ef;wk ajcmufaomif;wdkYu Ak'¨bmomukd zsufqD;&ef tBuHeJY rdpämt,l0g'rsm; a[majymvmMujyef wmaMumifh tJ'D&[ef;wk &[ef;a,mifrsm;ukd taMumif ; jyKNyD ; &[EÅ m rax&f t&S i f r [m arm*¾vyd w k w å ó d trSL;jyKwhJ &[EÅmt&Sijf rwf (1000)wdkYu oD&d"r®m taomurif;BuD;ukd ypönf;av;yg;'g,umjyKNyD; tdE´d,EdkifiH? yg#vd ykwjf ynf? tmaomum½kaH usmif;awmfrmS okweå f 0denf;? tbd"r®ma'oemw&m;awmfrsm;ukd (6)vMum EIwfwwftm*kHjyefqkdawmfrlMuNyD; wwd,tBudrf o*Fg,emwifawmfrlcJhMu&jyef ygw,f/ omoem(450)jynhfESpfrSmawmh ( ) ESpt f Mum olyek af b;eJiY wfrw G af cgif;yg;jcif;ab; udk vl&Sif&[ef;rsm; BuKHawGUMu&wJhtwGuf Ak ' ¨ b mom ruG , f a ysmuf a p&ef & nf & G , f N yD ; &[EÅmrax&f t&Sifr[m"r®&du©wtrSL;&SdwJh &[EÅ m t&S i f j rwf r sm;u oD [ k d V f j ynh f & S i f 'k|*grPdrif;Bu;D ukd ypön;f av;yg;'g,umjyKNy;D oD[Vdk jf ynf (,ck oD&v d uFmEkid if )H rvuZeyk'f tmaomuvdkPf*lausmif;rSm okwåef? 0denf;? tbd"r®m w&m;awmfrsm;ukd ay&GufxufrSm

tu©&m (tu©&mpmvkH;rsm;jzihf a&;om;um) wifum pwkw¦o*Fg,emwifawmfrlcJhMuyg w,f/ tJ'DtcgrSpNyD;ay&Gufay:rSm tu©&m pmrsm; pwifay:aygufvmjcif;vnf; jzpfyg w,f/ omoemESpf (2415)ckESpf? aumZm ouú&mZf (1232)ck? (at'D 1871) ckEpS af &muf awmh ay? yk&yk'd rf u l rJG sm; nDñw T af pa&;eJY t"GeYf &S n f p G m ck d i f c ef Y w nf N rJ a p&ef &nf & G , f c suf ? rEÅav;NrKdU? 'u©dPm&mrwkduf q&mawmfBuD; r[m&mZm"d&mZ*k½k b'´EÅ Zm*&mbd0Ho trSL; jyKwJh oHCmawmfaygif; (2400)wdkYu rif;wkef; rif;BuD;ukd ypönf;av;yg;'g,umjyKNyD; rEÅav; eef;awmfBu;D twGi;f rSm (7)ESp?f (6)v? (14) &uf wkdifwdkif ausmufjym;xufwGif tu©&m pmvkH; xGi;f um yÍörtBurd f o*Fg,emwifawmfrcl MhJ u NyD; (5)veJY (3)&ufwkdifwdkif tm*kH&Gwfqkdawmf rlcJhMuygw,f/ omoemES p f (2489)ck ? aumZm ouú&mZf (1316)ckESpf? (at'D 1954)ckESpfus awmh yd#uwfusrf;pmrltrsKd;rsKd;ukd okwfoif oefY&Sif;NyD; rlrSefwpfckwnf;jzpfap&eftwGuf tbd " Zr[m&|*k ½ k ? anmif & rf ; q&mawmf bk&m;BuD; b'´EÅa&0weJY oHCmawmf (2500) wdkYu jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiHawmftpkd;&eJY ax&0g'Ak'b ¨ mom0ifig;Ekid if u H dk ypön;f av;yg; 'g,umjyKNy;D jrefrmEkid if ?H &efuek w f idk ;f ? r&rf;uke;f NrKUd e,frmS &Sw d hJ r[mygomPvkP d *f al wmfBu;D xJ rSm (2)ESpfMumrQ EIwfwwftm*kH pkaygif;&Gwfqkd Muum ykHESdyftu©&meJYvnf; ]q|o*Fg,em}

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G;? bmomra&G;? avmuom;tm;vkH;twGufjzpfonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ ,kHMunfNyD; aysmfaysmf&Tif&Tif vkdufemaqmif&Guf Muwmyg/ bkd;bGm;? rdb? q&morm;rsm;u OD;aqmifNyD; o&P*kH? oDvcH,laqmufwnf aeMuwm w&m;"r® emMum;aeMuwmaMumifh om;orD; ajr;jrpfrsm;uvnf; bkd;bGm;rdb? q&morm;wdkYcH,lcsuf tjrifrSef todÓPfukd rS D N yd ; o&P*k H o D v cH , l a qmuf w nf M uwm w&m;"r® emMum;aeMuwmyJ j zpf y gw,f / 'D o abmt& Ak ' ¨ b mom0if u av;rsm;&J U bmom0ifjzpfro I abmukd avhvmqef;ppfMunhf r,fq&kd if &wemjrwfo;Hk yg;wd&Yk UJ *kPef YJ t"dygÜ ,f oabmoGm;ukd odjrifwJhvlBuD; Ak'¨bmom0if awGvdk ÓPfynmeJY,SOfwJh oabmouf0ifrI r&SdwmaMumihf ÓPorÜ,kwf Ak'¨bmom0if awmh r[kwfygbl;/ 'gayr,fh tpOftvm "avh&JUaus;Zl;aMumifh ÓP0dyÜ,kwf? ÓPf ynmtod r,SOfao;aom rsKd;qufAk'¨bmom 0if uav;rsm;awmh jzpfygNyD/ rsKd;qufAk'¨ bmom0if a v;awG q k d & ayr,f h uav;Ak ' ¨ bmom0ifwkdif;udkawmh txifao;vkdYr&wm vnf; &Sdygw,f/ &S i f Ó P (zsmyk H ) ñT e f ; - tem*wf o moema&;usrf ; ? &wemh * k P f & nf u srf ; / pmrsuf E S m 6 rS atmif? vlawG oHo,yGm;atmif [kda,mif a,mif 'Da,mifa,mif ta,mifjypum;rsm; ukdom ajzMum;avh&Sdw,f/ olr[m naeykid ;f ausmif;awmfomG ;? reufr;dk vif; ausmif;awmfrS tdypf ufNy;D jyefvm ovdkvkd o½kyfaqmifaeaomfvnf; olr trSef wu,ftyd cf w hJ muawmh wdww d¦ &Ykd UJ ausmif;rSmyJ jzpfygw,f/ 'DvkdeJY wpfvcGJcefYMumoGm;wJhtcg olr&JUavoH[m ypfrSwfukd wnhfwnhfxdrSefwJh pum;ukd a[m'Dvkd ajymygawmhw,f/ ]uRerf [m aZw0efausmif;awmfxu J *E¨uk#DxJrSm &[ef;a*gwreJY twltdyfaewm MumvSayhg} av;vtMumwGifpdÍörmP0dum[m- olr&JU0rf;Akdufukd ykqkd;eJYywfNyD; tay:u t0wfeDukdNcKHum ukd,f 0efaqmifonf ykHo@mefukdjyKvsuf]a[m'D uRefr&JUukd,f0ef[m &[ef; BuD;a*gwreJY&wJhukd,f0efayhg} vdkY aMujimav awmhw,f? todÓPfenf;wJhvlawGuawmh ,kMH uwmayhg? todÓPfroJruG&J w dS hJ vlwpfcsKUd uvnf; xifa,mifxifrSm; oHo,yGm;ukefMu

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/ tcsKdUrSm o&P*kHwnf\/ tcsKdUrSm ig;yg;oDv wnf\/ wpfr*fwpfzkdvf&olrsm;vnf;&Sd\/ owå0gwdkY\ yg&rD"mwfcHtm;avsmfpGm tusKd; zv cHpm;&jcif;jzpf\/ ausmif;awmfodkY jyefa&mufaomtcg &[ef;wdYk qGr;f udpNö y;D onfw h ikd af tmif apmihq f idk ;f awmfrl\/ &[ef;wdkY qGrf;udpöNyD;rSom *E¨uk#D wkdufwGif;odkY 0ifawmfrlonf/ þonfwdkYrSm eHeufykdif;udpörsm;jzpf onf/ aeY v nf y k d i f ; ud p ö r sm; aeYvnfyidk ;f udprö sm;rSm eHeufyidk ;f udpö rsm;xuf ykdrkdrsm;jym;vmonf/ OD;pGm &[ef;wdkY tm; 'kv’bw&m;ig;yg;ukd a[mMum;awmf rlonf/ vl Y b 0onf &cJ \ / &cJ a om vl Y b 0uk d &aomtcg b0wef z k d ; uk d od z k d Y t a&;BuD ; \/ pd w f o nf raumif ; rI ü om aysmf y d k u f w wf o nf / raumif ; rI ü arG U avsmf a ompd w f u k d tpOf x m0& apmih f M uyf x d e f ; uG y f a e&rnf r S m vl Y b 0\ wefzkd;jzpf\/ b0arSmufrSm;í tyg,fav;yg; usa&mufoGm;onhftcgwGifum; wufvrf; &Sdawmhrnfr[kwfacs/ vl Y b 0&aomtcg vl Y t aES m if tzG J U rS xG u f & vrf ; jzpf o nh f &[ef ; b0uk d &cJ \ / cuf c J a om &[ef ; b0uk d &Muol rsm;yD y D &[ef ; b0\wef z k d ; uk d rarh a vsmh &ef ta&;BuD ; \/ bk & m;omoemES i h f BuKH & onh f tck d u f ol a wmf a umif ; w&m; emMum;cG i h f &&ef cufcJ\/ olawmfaumif;w&m; emMum; &rSmom oDv? orm"d? ynm odu©mokH;yg; tusihfrsm;ukd usihfokH;Ekdifrnfjzpfonf/ &[ef;[lonf oDvodum© ukd tMum; taygufr&Sd&atmif jznhfusihf&\/ oDvukd tajccHí orm"d (orxbm0em)ukd yGm;rsm; &\/ orm"dwGif tqkH;owfírjzpfao;/ rdrd cE¨may:wGif tpOftNrJ ajymif;vJcsKyfysufí aeaom ½kyfemrf"r®wkYd\rwnfNrJrI? qif;&JrI? tpkd;r&rIwdkYukd ½IrSwfqifjcifí r*fpcef;? zkdvf

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ok w å e f a 'oem uwarp bdu©a0 yÍöu©E¨m/ Oa'´ o ½lyu©aE¨m? a0'emu©aE¨m? onmu©aE¨m? ocFg&u©aE¨m? 0dnmP u©aE¨m/ ed a 'o uwarmp bdu©a0? ½lyu©aE¨m? ,HudÍöd½lyH? twDwmem*w ypöKyÜEéH? tZÑwåH0g? A[d'¨g0g? MoVm&duH0g? okckrH0g? [DeH0g? yPDwH0g? ,H'la& oEÅdau0g? t,H0kpöwd ½lycaE¨m/ a0'emu©E¨m? onmu©E¨m? ocFg&u©E¨m? 0dnmPu©E¨m ponf vnf; txufenf;wl (oH 2? 39) tbd " r® m a'oem (ok w å E Å b mZed , enf ; ) Oa'´ o yÍöu©E¨m- ½lyu©aE¨m? a0'emu©aE¨m? onmu©aE¨m? ocFg&u© aE¨m? 0dnmPu©aE¨m/ ed a 'o ww¬uwarm ½lyu©aE¨m/ ,HudÍöd ½lyH twDwmem*w ypöKyÜEéH? tZÑwåH0g? A[d'¨g0g? MoVm&duH0g? okckrH0g? [DeH0g? yPDwH0g? ,H'la&0g? oEÅdau0g? wa'uZÑH tbdonL[dwGm? t,H0kpöwd ½lyu©aE¨m/

y#d e d a '´ o ww¬ uwrH ½lyH twDwH ponftbd " r® b mZeD , enf ; ww¬uwarm ½lyu©aE¨m/ {u0da"e ½lyu©aE¨m ponfyO§ y k p ä u enf ; yÍöeH cE¨meH? uwdukovm? uwd tukovm? uwdtAsm uwm (y) uwd o&Pm? uwd t&Pm/ ponf- (tbd 2-1 rS 68 txd) Ed I i f ; ,S O f c suf r S jcm;em;csuf txufyg ygVdawmfEdIif;,SufcsufudkMunhfvQif? okwåefü cE¨m 5-yg;udk a[mawmfrlaomygVdrSm pmwpfrsufESmyif rjynhfaomfvn;f? tbd"r®müum; pmrsufESm 68 rsufESmtxd vGefpGmus,f0ef;onfudk awGUMu&ayrnf/ tjcm;aom tm,we? "mwfpaom w&m;rsm;udk a[m&mü vnf; þenf;ESifESif awGU&ayvdrhfrnf/ (tus,fudk t|omvdeD t| uxm? rlv#Dum? tEk#DumwdkYwGif Munhfyg/) þuJhodkYa[mMum;yHktjcif; t&mtm;jzihf? okwåefygVdxuf vGefuJxl;jcm;qef;Mu,faom "r®jzpfí? ]]tbd"r®}} [laomtrnfonf? þyd#uESifh tvGev f u kd af vsmaom trnf jzpfygonf[k ynm&SdBuD;rsm;u rSwfcsufjyKMuygonf/

COVER FEATURE

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

y&rw¬ a 'oem? ,xm"r® o moem þtbd"r®y#d uudyk if y&rw¬a'oem[kvnf;aumif;? ,xm "r®omoem[kvnf;aumif;? emr½lyy&dapä'uxm[kvnf;aumif; ac:qdk awmfrlygonf/ Ak ' ¨ t bd " r® m Ak'¨tbd"r®mqdkonfrSm Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfbk&m;udk,fawmfwkdif yk*Kd¾ v?f owå0gwdt Yk vdo k rYkd vdu k f 31- bHEk iS fh edAmÁ ef\obm0udk aMumif;usKd ; qufpyf obm0usus a[mawmfrlxm;aom y&rw¬w&m;jzpfygonf/ jrwf A k ' ¨ a [mMum;awmf r l a omw&m;awmf r sm; jrwfpmG bk&m;&Sif (45) 0g ywfv;kH a[mMum;awmfral om w&m; awmfrsm;udk tusOf;csKyfMunhfvQif atmufygtwkdif; cGJjcm;&&Sdrnfjzpfyg onf/ (1) 0drkwåd&otm;jzihf wpfyg;wnf;yifjzpfonf/ (2) 'kuenf;tm;jzihf "r®EiS 0fh ed ,[lí 2-rsKd ; &&So d nf/ "r®wiG f okwå"r®ESihf tbd"r®m"r®[lí 2- rsdK;yg0ifonf/ (3) yd#uwftm;jzihf 3- yg;&Sdonf/ (u) okweå yf #d u= w&m;awmfukd em,lMu&rnhf a0ae,s wd\ Yk tvd k q E´ ? £a`E´ t Ek t &ih f u d k M unh f í ? oih f w ih f a vsmuf y wf p G m a[mawmfrlonhf aumif;jcif;oHk;jzmESihf jynhfpHkonhfw&m;awmf/ (c) 0denf;yd#u= &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;twGuf? rjyKrusihf a&SmifMuOf&rnht f csurf sm;ESi?fh jyKusiv fh eG u f sL;rdu oifrh nht f jypf'Pfrsm; udk azmfjyonhf pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;udk wduspGm xkwfjyefaom bk&m; Oya'awmf/ (*) tbd"r®myd#u= okwåefa'oemawmfrsm;uJhodkY owå0g a0ae,sw\ Ykd tZÑmo,? p½du k ?f 0goemwd\ Yk tvko d rYkd vku d rf yl ?J razmuf rjyef tNrJrSefuefaom oabmw&m;oufouf y&rw¬w&m;rsm;udkom oAÁnKwÓPfawmfjzihf t<uif;tuserf &Sd jynhpf pkH mG a[mMum;awmfral om w&m;awmf/ (4) edum,ftm;jzihf (5) yg;/ (5) t*Fgtm;jzihf (9) yg;/ (6) "r®cE¨m (w&m;tpktaygif;) tm;jzihf (84000) [lí &Sdygonf/ tbd " r® m [l o nf r S m tbd= qdkonfrSm omvGefaom? xl;aom? qef;aom? eufeJ aom[lonhf teuft"dyÜm,f&ygonf/ "r®m= qdkonfrSm "r®w&m;yifjzpfygonf/ "r®w&m;onf okwåef? tbd"r®m- 2rsdK;pvHk;ESihf oufqdkifaeaomaMumifh? okwåefr[kwf aomw&m;udk ]]tbd}} [k txl;jyKí]] tbd"r®m}} [k ac:qdkygonf/ yd#uwfawmf (3) yHkwGif? tbd"r®myd#uü "r®cE¨maygif; (42000) &Sdí? okwåefyd#uü "r®cE¨maygif; (21000)? 0denf;yd#uü "r® cE¨maygif; (21000) &Sad yonf/ okweå yf #d u? 0denf;yd#uwdx Yk uf "r®cE¨m ta&twGuf ydkrsm;aomaMumihf ]]tbd= okwåefa'oemxufvGefaom? "r®= w&m;awmf}} [k trnf&avonf/ w&m;csif ; wl v Qif omvG e f o nh f " r® xdkYjyif w&m;csif;wlvQif okwåefxuf xl;uJus,f0ef;aom aMumihf ]]tbd= okwåefxuf omvGefxl;uJaom? "r®= w&m;awmf}} [k txl;jyKí ac:a0:jcif;jzpfonf/ okwåefü cE¨m (5) yg;taMumif;udk tusOf;rQoma[monf/ tbd"r®mü cE¨m (5) yg;udk enf; (3) enf;jzihf csJUítus,fa[mawmfrlonf/

ok w å e f w &m;awmf x uf xl ; qef ; omvG e f o nf q k d o nf r S m ? tbd"r®ma'oemawmfudk a[mMum;awmfrl&mwGif? okwåefa'oemawmf uJokdY enf;wpfenf;jzihf a[mMum;jcif;r[kwfyJ? okwåefenf;? tbd"r®m enf;? tar;tajzenf;[lonhf enf; (3) enf;jzihf a[mMum;awmfro l nf/ xdaYk Mumihf ]]tbd= okweå x f ufx;l qef;aom? "r®= w&m;awmf}} [k trnf xl;jyKí ]]tbd"r®m}} [k ac:qdk&aomw&m;awmfjzpfavonf/ tbd " r® m oif , l & jcif ; tusd K ;w&m;rsm; Ak'¨tbd"r®mynmudk oif,lqnf;yl;&jcif;\ t"du&nf&G,f csufrSm ]]b0wdk;wufa&;ESifh vGwfajrmufa&;}} twGufjzpfonf/ owå0g[lorQw\ Ykd b0yef;wkid o f nf 'ku© cyford ;f csKyNf ird ;f &mrSef jynf e d A Á m ef qd k u f a &muf a &;yif j zpf o nf / od k Y & mwG i f ed A Á m ef u d k qkdufa&mufrnhf avmukwå&mpdwfudk &&Sd&efrSmum; rvG,ful acs/ owå 0 g\ tpud k r od E d k i f a vmuf a tmif oH o &m&S n f v sm;jcif ; u oufaojyayonf/ wu,fwef;edAmÁ efukd qdu k af &muf&efrmS ? wpfb0xuf wpfb0? wpfqihfxufwpfqihf &ifhonfxuf&ihfatmif edAÁmefa&mufaMumif; taxmuftyHyh g&rDuo k v dk rf sm;udk jznhq f nf;wwf&ef txl;vdt k yfygonf/ rdrdjznhfqnf;cJhaom yg&rDukodkvfrsm;aMumifh wpfb0xufwpfb0? wpfqihfxufwpfqihf &ihfonfxuf&ifhjcif;udk ]]b0wdk;wufonf}} [k qdyk gonf/ þuJhodkY b0wdk;wufrSomvQif yg&rDjynhfvmí ]]b0vGwf ajrmufa&;}} wnf;[laom edAÁmefodkY qdkufa&mufEdkifrnfjzpfygonf/ b0vrf ; ñT e f rD ; ½S L ;wef a qmif wu,fawmh Ak'¨tbd"r®mqdkonfrSm oHo&mvrf;ñTef? b0 vrf;ñTef rD;½SL;wefaqmiftvif;a&mifjzpfygonf/ yg&rDukokdvfrsm;udk jznhfqnf;wwf&ef ]]rD;armif;xdk;jyonhf vrf;ñTefvrf;jyw&m;awmfBuD;}} vnf;jzpfygonf/ tjrih f j rwf q H k ; aomuk o d k v f y g&rD x l ; jrwfAk'¨\ tbd"r®ynmudk qnf;yl;wwfajrmufusifhoHk;jcif; jzihf? oHo&mb0&D;wpfaxmufü ]]tem'd teEÅtwdkif;tqr&Sd tjrifh jrwfqHk;aomukodkvfyg&rDxl;rsm;}} udk &&Sdygonf/ tjrihfjrwfqHk;aom ukodkvfonf tBuD;rm;qHk;tusdK;zv rkcs{uef&&Sdrnfomjzpfygonf/ uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifvufxufawmfu wpfckaom vdkPf*l BuD;twGif;ü&SdMuonhf vif;EdkYom; (500) wdkYonf? xdkvdkPf*lBuD;ü acwå wnf;cdkvmaom &[ef;awmfESpfyg;wdkY &GwfyGm;awmfrlonfh tbd"r®m a'oemawmftoHudk Mum;Mu&mrS tusKd;xl;rsm; &&SdcJhMuonfh om"u xHk;wpf&yfjzpfcJhzl;ygonf/ tqdyk g vif;Eko Yd m; (500)wdo Yk nf xdv k P dk *f Bl u;D twGi;f oDwif; oHk;awmfrlvmaom &[ef;awmfESpfyg;wdkY\ tbd"r®mw&m;awmf &GwfyGm; o&ZÑm,foHudk aeYpOf aeYwdkif; Mum;aeMu&\/ t[dwf wd&pämefrsm; omjzpfMuaom ¤if;vif;EdkYom; (500)wdkYonf cE¨m? tm,we? "mwf? opöm[laom w&m;"r®udkvnf; rodMu/ teuft"dyÜg,fudk ydkíyif em;rvnfEidk Mf uvihu f pm;? em;axmifí aumif;onft h oHtjzpfavmuf om od&SdMuavonf/ tbd " r® m a'oemawmf \ tusKd ; zv ¤if;vif;EdkYom; (500)wdkYonf tbd"r®mw&m;awmf toHudk Mum;&onfh ukodkvfudk edrdwf,klí aovGefMuaomtcg wm0wd Hom ewfjynfü ewfom;(500)jzpfoGm;Muonf/ xdktbd"r®ma'oemawmf\ tusKd;zvaMumihf ¤if;vif;EdkYom;

COVER FEATURE AND VISION OF THE DHAMMA "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

(500)ewfom;wdkYonf? uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;ESihf a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m; qdkufí &[EÅmjzpfonfESihfwNydKifeuf xdkt&m&mudk cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmí ESpfqlwdkY\ Ak'ËÅ& toacsF,sumvywfvHk; tyg,fav;yg;rS vGwfuif; od a om y#d o rd Ç ' gÓPf u d k &&S d N yD ; y#d o rd Ç ' gywå & [EÅ m tjzpf o d k Y Muí vlYjynfewfjynfüom tBudrfBudrfjzpfMu&avonf/ qdkufa&mufawmfrlygonf/ a*gwrjrwf p G m bk & m;omoemawmf 0 ,f y#d o rd Ç ' gÓPf q d k o nf r S m a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m;ocif yGihfawmfrlaomtcg tqdkygvif;EdkY y#dord'Ç gÓPfqo kd nfrmS cGjJ crf;pdwjf zmí odawmfral om ÓPf om; ewfom;wdkYonf om0wd¬jynfü trsKd;aumif;om; (500)wdkYjzpfvm jzpfygonf/ xdky#dordÇ'gwGif (1) tw¬y#dordÇ'g= a0g[m& o'´gteuf Muonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;wm0wd HomokdY r<urD wdwd¬wdkYudkacscRwfyGJü udk tcsuu f soEd idk jf cif;/ (2) "r®y#dord'Ç g- bmompum;[lorQukd {uef omoemawmfudk MunfndKMuNyD; t&Sifom&dykwå&mudk OyZÑm,fjyKí trSew f u d spmG odEidk jf cif;/ (3) ed½w k yåd #dord'Ç g=o'´gtvdu k kd a0zefyikd ;f jcm; &[ef;jyKcJhMuonf/ íodEidk jf cif;? (4) y#dbmey#dord'Ç g= uk, d w f ikd o f o d rQ w&m;udk olwpfyg; xd k & [ef ; (500)wd k Y o nf uóyjrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f odpdhrfaomiSm o'´gynwfodkYwifí pHkvifpGm `rGwfqdkwwfjcif;[lonfh vufxufawmfü vif;Edo Yk m;b0jzihf tbd"r®mw&m;awmftoHukd Mum;em ÓPf(4)yg;jzpfygonf/ cJhMu&onfh ukodkvftusKd;zvaMumihf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif wm0wd Homü y#d o rd Ç ' gÓPf & ol tvG e f e nf ; cJ h a[mMum;awmfral om tbd"r®ma'oemawmfukd t&Sio f m&dyw k &å m txH bk&m;&Sifvufxufawmfuyif y#dordÇ'gÓPf&&Sdonhf yk*¾dKvf awmfrSwqifh oifMum;em,lcGihf&MuNyD; w&m;xl;&&SdawmfrlMuavonf/ rsm; tvGefyifenf;yg;vSygonf/ psmeftbdnmOfw&m;wdkYudk omoemy tyg,f v G w f v rf ; omaom w&m;awmf tcgumvrsK;d üyif avhvmtm;xkwEf idk Mf uygonf/ þAk't ¨ bd"r®m w&m; Ak'¨tbd"r®mudk qnf;yl;cGihf&&SdolwdkYonf tEÿkxkZOftqihfrS awmfukd omoemawmftwGi;f üom avhvmqnf;yl;Ekid Mf uygonf/ &[EÅm uvsmPykxkZOftqihfodkY a&muf&SdNyD; tyg,fav;yg;rS vGwf&eftcGihf jzpfwdkif; y#dordÇ'gÓPfr&EkdifMuyg/ jrwfpGmbk&m;omoemawmfü tvrf;omvsuf&Sdygonf/ uRwfwrf;0ifawmfrlMuaom &[ef;&Sifvl yk*¾dKvfoljrwfwdkYwGif y#dordÇ'g tE¨ y k x k Z Of E S i h f uvsmPyk x k Z Of ywåjzpfMuolwdkYonf txGwftxdyfjzpfMuygonf/ vuf0Jawmf&H t&Sif tEÿkxkZOfqdkonfrSm cE¨m? tm,we? "mwfpaom w&m;wdkY om&dykwå&m? vusmfawmf&H t&Sifr[marm*¾vmef? t&SiftmeE´m? pdwå udk oif,lMum;em avhvmrSwfom;jcif;r&Sdí ½kyfw&m;emrfw&m;wdkYESihf ol<u,f? "r®'Ed m´ ax&DwrYkd mS y#dord'Ç gÓPf&&Sad wmfral om yk*Kd¾ vjf rwfBu;D ywfoufaom todnmPfuif;rJo h nfh odrYk [kwf tE¨=ÓPfrsupf u d ef;ae rsm;jzpfMuygonf/ aom yk*¾dKvfjzpfonf/ rHopu©KESpfuGif;tvif;&ygvsuf? ÓPpu©KuG,f apwem qE´ aeaomaMumihf t&m&mwdkif;ü rjrifrprf;tuef;uJhodkY avQmufcsif&m xdkodkYaom tusKd;zvtmedoHowdkYudk axmufajrmfawmfrlMu avQmuf a&mufcsif&ma&mufjzpfaewwfygonf/ xdkyk*¾dKvfrsKd;udk tE¨ vsuf rsuaf rSmufjrwfpmG bk&m;&Sif omoemawmfwiG ;f 0,f ]],xm"r®om ykxkZOfuef;aeaom yk*¾dKvf[kac:qdk&jcif;jzpfygonf/ oem Ak'¨tbd"r®m}} udk rGefrGefjrwfjrwf qnf;yl;awmfrlMuvsuf y#dordÇ uvsmPykxkZOfqdkonfrSm tm'duvsmP=oDvw&m;[l 'gywåt&Sijf rwfrsm;tjzpf uRww f rf;0ifawmfrEl idk Mf u&ef þAk't ¨ bd"r®m aom tpaumif;jcif;? raZÑuvsmP=orm"dw&m;[laomtv,f pmwrf;udk a&;om;ylaZmfvkduf&ygonf/ "r®0D& rmru w&m;cspfcif aumif;jcif;? y&da,mome uvsmP= r*fzdkvfedAÁmefwnf;[laom tqHk; olawmfpiftaygif;wdkY..../ aumif;jcif;t*Fg&yf(3) yg;wdkYESihf jynhfpHkawmfrlonfh jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\ Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; tqH;k trwdu Yk kd ouf0if,MkH unfvsuf cE¨m? tm,we? "mwf? opömwnf; [laom w&m;wdkYudk avhvmod&SdrSwfom; em;vnfaeaom uvsmP ykxkZOfyk*¾dKvfjzpfygonf/ uvsmPyk x k Z Of w d k Y \ aumif ; usKd ; rsm; xdkuJhodkYaom uvsmPykxkZOfyk*¾dKvfwdkYonf Ak'¨tbd"r®m &mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd ynmudk oif,al vhvmqnf;yl;Mu&jcif;aMumihf jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siaf [mMum; awmfrlcJhaom w&m;"r®wdkYudk aumif;pGmavhvm oabmaygufEkdif Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf Muonfjzpfí todnmPfynm A[kokw zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufvmMuayonf/ ½kyw f &m;? emrfw&m;wdu Yk v kd nf; okwr,ÓPf? pdEmÅ r,ÓPf &J&ifw h nfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh wdkYjzihf odjrifvmMuonfjzpfí 'd|d0dok'd¨ÓPftqihfodkY a&muf&SdvmMu ygonf/ ukokdvfoabm? tukokdvfoabmwdkYudkvnf; aumif;pGm cGJjcrf; pdwfjzmum em;vnfod&SdMuNyD; edAÁmefa&mufaMumif; taxmuftyHh b0ukd &ifqidk v f suf ukov dk rf sK;d udk jyKwwfymG ;rsm;wwfvmMuygonf/ ÓPfynmrsupf t d vif; yGihfvif;onfh uvsmP ykxkZOfppfppfjzpfBuD;jzpfMuvsuf r*fÓPf zdkvf atmifjrifpGmjzwfoef;EkdifMuzkdY ÓPfyGihfvif;&ef txHkwdkYonfvnf; tvHk;pHkyGihfvif;oGm;Muavonf/ y#d o rd Ç ' gÓPf t wG u f yg&rD r sKd ; aph "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU Ak't ¨ bd"r®mudk oif,al vhvmqnf;yl;Muzl;onfh yg&rD tcH&cDS hJ rSom ]]y#dordÇ'gÓPftwGuf yg&rDrsKd;aph}} &&SdEkdifMurnfjzpfygonf/ y#dordÇ'gÓPfonf tvGef&cJaomÓPfjzpfygonf/ t&[wår*fzdkvf

VISION OF DHAMMA

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TALKS ABOUT THE OPEN-MINDENESS

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TALKS ABOUT THE OPEN-MINDENESS "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

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. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI

"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? usrf;

aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDq&

a&;om;jyKpkawm

r*¾*F'. Dy

THE MAGGANG OR THE MANUAL OF THE CONSTITU by

Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, Ag TRANSLATED into English by U (,cif t ywf t rS t quf ) or® m ur® E Å ed a '´ o or® m ur® E Å 3 yg; ygPmwdygw0d&wD? t'dEmé 'ge0d&wD? umarokrpd mä pm& 0d&wD [laom or®mur®EÅ oHk;yg;wdkYwGif(1) ygPmwdygw 0d&wDqdkonfum; udk,f0efudk zsufqD;jcif;? oef;O? Murf;yd;k Oudk zsuq f ;D jcif;wdrYk pS í touf&adS om owå0gwdu Yk kd aoaysmuf ysufqHk;apvdkaom pdwfjzihf aoaysmufysufqHk;&ef udk,fya,m*? EIwfya,m*udk jyKjcif;onf ygPmwdygwrnf\/ xdkygPmwdygwrS MuOfa&Smifjcif;onf ygPmwdygw0d&wDrnf\/ (2) t'dEém'ge 0d&wDqdkonfum; jruf? xZf;? a&wdkYrSpí olwpfyg;\ Opöm[lí odrf;ydkufqJjzpfaom ouf&SdoufrJh 0w¬Kudk Opöm&Sif rjrifrod atmif cdk;,lvdfkaom pdwfjzihf cdk;,ljcif;? udk,fya,m*? EIwfya,m*udk jyKjcif;onf t'dEmé 'gernf\? xdt k 'dEmé 'gerS MuOfa&Smifjcif;onf t'dEmé 'ge0d&wDrnf\/ (3) umarokrdpämpm&0d&wD qdkonfum;-trdapmihfaom rdef;r? tb apmihfaom rdef;rwdkYrS pí rvGefusL;xdkufaom rdef;rwdkYü vGefusL;aom a,musfm;\ vGefusL;rIonf¤if;? vif&Sdvsuf rdrdvifrSwyg;aom rvGef usL;xdkufaom a,musfm;ESihf vGefusL;aom rdef;r\ vGefusL;rIonf¤if; umarokrdpämpm&rnf\/ ,pfrsKd;ig;yg; aomufpm;rIudk¤if;? zJ? yqpf? a<utef tp&Sd aom upm;rIrsm;udkvnf;aumif;? umarokrdpäm pm&ü oGif;\? xd k u mar ok r d p ä m pm&rS MuOf a &S m if j cif ; onf umarok r d p ä m pm& 0d&wDrnf\/ or® m tmZD 0 ed a '´ o or® m tmZD 0 4 yg;

(Continue from last week) Exposition of Right Action There are three kinds of Right Action. They are: 1. Pa-n.a-tipa-tavirati, 2. Adinna-da-navirati, and 3. Ka-mesumiccha-ca-ravirati 1. Pa-n.a-tipa-tavirati, Pa-n.a-tipa-ta means intentional killing or destorying beings by physical action or verbal incitement, ranging from causing abortion, destroying eggs of lice and bugs to killing and destorying living beings. Abstinence from such deeds is 1. Pa-n.a-tipa-tavirati. 2. Adinna-da-navirati Adinna-da-na means taking with the intention of stealing any animate or inanimate property in the possession of the owner, such as grass, fuel, water, and so forth, without the knowledge of the owner either by physical exertion or verbal incitement. Abstinence from such deeds is adinna-da-navirati. 3. Ka-mesumiccha-ca-ravirati Ka-mesumiccha-ca-ra mean improper sexual intercourse of a man with a woman, such as intercourse with the woman under the guardianship of the father, mother, etc., or improper sexual intercourse of a married woman whose husband is still living, with another man. It also includes the taking of the five kinds of intoxicants, and gambling with cards, chess, dice, etc. Abstinence from such deeds is Ka-mesumiccha-ca-ra. This is the end of the three kinds of Samma-kammanta. Exposition of Right livelihood There are kinds of Right Livelihood. They are: 1. Duccaritamiccha-j1-vavirati.

. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

uf? usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf

wDq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

m;jyKpkawmfrlaom

*¾*F'. DyeD

GANGA DIPANI OR STITUENTS Of THE NOBLE PATH by

aw, Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt.

h by U Saw Tun Teik, B.A., B.L. 'kpö&dwrdpämZD00d&wD? taeoe rdpämZD00d&wD? uk[em'd rdpäm ZD00d&wD? wd&päme0dZÆm rdpämZD00d&wD[laom or®mtmZD0 4 yg;wdkYwGif (1) 'kpö&dwrdpämZD00d&wD qdkonfum; - ygPmwdygw tp&Sdaom um,'kp½du k f oH;k yg;? rkom0g'tp&Sad om 0pD'pk ½du k af v;yg;wdw Yk iG f wyg; yg;aom 'kp½du k rf EI iS fh ypön;f Opöm&SmBuí H toufarG;jcif;onf 'kp&ö w d rdpmä ZD0rnf\/ ra&mif;tyfukefaom ukefrsKd; ig;yg;wdkYudk a&mif;csí toufarG;jcif;udkvnf; þrdpämZD0ü oN*ØKvfa&wGuftyf\? xdk'kpö&dw rdpämZD0rS MuOfa&Smifjcif;onf 'kpö&dwrdpämZD00d&w wDrnf\/ (2) vlwdkYtm; opfoD;ay;jcif;? yef;ay;jcif;paom 21-yg;aom tae oerIwdkYjzihf ypönf;vmbfvmbudk jzpfapí &aoh &[ef;wdkY\ toufarG;rIonf taeoe rdpmä ZD0rnf\? xdrk pd mä ZD0rS MuOfa&Smifro I nf taeoe rd p ä m ZD 0 0d & w wD r nf \ / uk[em'd rdpämZD0 0d&wDqdkonfum; uk[e? vye? edrdwå? (3) edayÜoe? vmabevmb edZD*Doe [lí rdpämZD0 0w¬Kig;yg;&Sd\/ (u) uk[eqdkonfum; tHhbG,fo&Jjzpfatmif vkyfBuH pOf ; vJ r I w nf ; ? oD v r&S d b J v suf oD v &S d o nf [ k xif r S w f & atmif [efaqmifjcif; tp&Sdonfjzihf rdrdü r&Sdaom tHhbG,fo&J xl;uJ vGef jrwfaom *kPfwdkYudk rdrdü&Sdonf[k xifrSwf&atmif BuHaqmif pOf;vJí vmbfvmbudk jzpfaprI qdkvdkonf/ (c) vye qdo k nfum; ypön;f vmbfvmbESipfh yfvsO;f í tajymtqdk &J&ihfjcif;wnf;/ (*) edrw d q å o kd nfum; rdrt d m; ypön;f 0w¬K vSL'gef;ap&ef t&dyfedrdwfudk jyjcif;wnf;/ (C) edayÜoqdkonfum; rvSLbJ raeomatmif pum; jzihf Budwfjcif; ESdyfjcif;wnf;/ (i) vmabe vmb edZD*Doe qdkonfum; wtdrfü

2. Anesanamiccha-j1-vavirati. 3. Kuhana-dimiccha-j1-vavirati. and 4. Tiraccha-naviijja-miccha-j1-vavirati. 1. Duccaritamiccha-j1-vavirati. Duccaritamiccha-j1-va means earing a live lihood by committing any of the three- fold evil bodily action , such as killing, etc., and four fold evil verbal action, such as speaking untruth, etc. Earing a livelihood by selling the fire kinds of merchandise which ought not to be sold is also included in this. Abstinence from such wrongful modes of earning livelihood is Duccaritamiccha-j1-va. 2. Anesanamiccha-j1-vavirati Anesanamiccha-j1-va mean earning a live lihood by Isis and Bhikkhus by acquiring gifts and offering by any of the twenty-one improper means (anesana– wrong livelihood for Bhikkhu) e.g by giving friuts and flower, and so forth. Abstinence from such acts is Anesanamiccha-j1-vavirati. 3. Kuhana-dimiccha-j1-vavirati Kuhana-dimiccha-j1-va: There are five ways of earing of livelihood under namely, (i) kuhana, (ii) lapana, (iii)nimitta, (iv) nippesana, (v) la-bhena la-bhanijig1-sana. (i) Kuhana means trickery and deception working wonders. It means frand fraudulently taining gifts and offerings by making people think that one possesses extraordinary qualities such as high virtues, althoug one does not possess it. (ii) lapana means impudent talk in connection with property and gift. (iii) Nimitta means making gesture and him to invite offerings. (iv) Nippesana means harassing with words that one is

. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI

"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/

wrwfwef &NyD;aom vmbfudk wtdrfü ay;í xdktdrfrS wusyfwef vmbfudk &atmif jyKjcif;wnf;/ þig;yg;aom rdpmä ZD0rIwrYkd S MuOfa&Smifjcif;onf uk[em'd rdpmä ZD00d&wDrnf\/ (4) t*F0dZÆm twwf? vu©P0dZÆm twwftp&Sdaom avmuD twwfrsKd;onf &[ef;wdkY\ y#dywdå"r®ESihf zDvm uefYvefY qefYusifbuf rsK;d jzpfí wd&päme 0dZmÆ rnf\/ xdt k wwfynmjzihf t*Fg vu©Pm ponf wdu Yk kd Munh½f í I tusK;d tjypfukd a[mMum;vsuf toufarG;rIonf &aoh &[ef;wdkYrSm wd&päme0dZÆmrdpämZD0rnf\/ xdkrdpämZD0rS MuOfa&SmifrIonf wd&päme0dZÆmrdpämZD0 0d&wDrnf\/ or® m 0g,mr ed a '´ o or®m0g,mr 4 yg;wdkYü owå0gwdkYudk tNrJvQif ylyefapwwf npfnL;apwwf ,kwfnHhodrfzsif;jcif;odkY a&mufapwwfaom tukodkvf w&m;onf OyÜEétukodkvf? tEkyÜtukodkvf [lí 2 rsKd;&Sd\/ owå0gwdkY udk at;Nidrf;apwwf jzLpifapwwf jrihfjrwfBuD;yGm;jcif;odkY a&mufap wwfaom ukov dk w f &m;onf OyÜEu é o k v kd ?f tEkyEÜ é ukov dk [ f í l 2 rsK;d &S\ d / 'kp½dkufq,fyg;wdkYwGif tMuif 'kp½dkufw&m;onf ,ckb0ü rdrdoEÅmefrSm jzpfzl;onf[lí od&Sd\? jzpfqJ[lí od&Sd\/ xdk'kp½dkuf w&m;onf rdrdrSm OyÜEétukodkvfrnf\/ tMuif'kp½dkufw&m;onf ,ck b0ü rdrdoEÅmefrSm jzpfzl;onfvnf; r[kwf? jzpfqJvnf; r[kwf? a&SUodkY jzpfvwåHUaom tbdkYü wnfae\/ xdk'kp½dkufw&m;onf rdrdrSm tEkyÜEé tukodkvfrnf\/ oDv0do'k ?¨d pdw0å o d 'k ?¨d 'd|0d o d 'k ?¨d ucFg0d&P0do'k ?¨d r*¾gr*¾ÓP 'óe0dok'd¨? y#dy'g ÓP'óe0dok'd? avmukwå&mÓP 'óe0dok'd¨ [k qdktyfaom 0dok'd¨ 7 yg;wdkYwGif tMuif0dok'd¨w&m;onf ,ckb0ü rdrdoEÅmefrSmjzpfzl;\/ jzpfíwnf&Sd\/ xdk0dok'd¨w&m;onf rdrdrSm OyÜEé ukov dk rf nf\/ tMuif 0do'k w ¨d &m;onf ,ckb0ü rdro d EÅmefrmS rjzpfz;l ao;? r&bl;ao;? xdk0dok'd¨w&m;onf rdrdrSm tEkyÜEéukodkvfrnf\/ þodkYvQif tukodkvfonfvnf; OyÜEé? tEkyÜEé[lí 2 rsKd; ukokdvfonfvnf; OyÜEé? tEkyÜEé[lí 2 rsKd;&Sd\/ ypöKyÜefb0ü r*¾if&Spfyg;udk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfonf&Sdaomf ,ck b0ü rdrdoEÅmefrSm jzpfzl;aom OyÜEé 'kp½dkufwdkYonfvnf; r*¾if&Spfyg;\ tmEkabmfaMumihf ,ckb0rSpí tEkyg'daoo edAmÁ efoYkd a&mufonfwikd f atmif aemif rdrdoEÅmefrSm wzef rjzpfay:vmukefNyD? ,ckb0ü rd r d o EÅ m ef r S m rjzpf b l ; ao;uk e f r l í aemif j zpf v wå H U aom tbd k Y ü wnfaeukeaf om tEkyEÜ é 'kp½du k w f &m;wdo Yk nfvnf; r*¾i&f pS yf g;\ tmEk abmaMumihf ,ckb0rSpí tEkyg'daoo edAÁmefodkY a&mufonfwdkif atmif aemif rdrdoEÅmefrSm w&HwqpfrQ rjzpfvmukefNyD/ OyÜEé? tEkyÜEé 'kp½du k Ef pS yf g;wdo Yk nf r*¾i&f pS yf g;\ tmEkabmfaMumihf ,ckb0wGif tjrpf t&if;ESihfwuG ukefqHk;jcif;okdY a&mufMuavukef\/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

obliged to make offering. (v) la-bhena la-bha nijig1-sana mean giving small gift to get a bigger one. Abstinence from such wrongful prophesying from of live lihood, is Kuhana--dimiccha-j1-vavirati. 4. Tiraccha-navijja-miccha-j1-vavirati As the worldly arts such as prophesying from signs of the constituents of the body, palmistry, etc.., are contrary to Isis and Bhikkhu's practice of Dhamma, they are called tiraccha-navijja. Earning livelihood by Isis and Bhikkhus by means of such arts is called tiraccha-naviijja- miccha-j1-va. Abstinence from such wrongful modes of earning livelihood is called tiraccha-naviijja- miccha-j1-vavirati. This is the end of the four kinds of Samma- a- j1-va. Exposition of Right Effort Of the four kinds of Right Effort, the first two, namely, the two unwholesome volitional actions (akusala)– one the has arisen (uppanna) and the other potential (anuppanna)– constantly cause anxiety, moral corruption and debasement to beings. The next two, namely, the wholesome volitional actions (kusala) that have been acquired (uppanna) and that are yet to be acquired (anuppanna), always give peace, purity, nobility and progress to beings. Of the ten kinds of evil conduct, such evil conduct as has arisen or is about to arise in one's body in this life is called Upanna-akusala. Such evil conduct as has never arisen, nor is about to arise, but will arise in future in one's body in this life is called Anuppanna-akusala. Of the seven kinds of Purifications – (1) Purification of Virtue, (2) Purification of Mind, (3) Purification of View, (4) Purification by overcoming Doubt, (5) Purification by Knowledge and Vision of What is and What is not Path, (6) Purification by Knowledge and Vision of the Course of Practice. (7) Purification by Knowledge and Vision– such as visuddhi (Purification) as has arisen or is about to arise in one's body in this life is called Uppannakusala. Such visuddhi as has never before in one's body or has never been attained by one in this life is called Anuppannakusala. Thus both akusala and kusala have two kinds each, namely, upanna and anuppanna. . Power of Magganga If the Noble Eightfold Path be practised and developed in this life, by virtue of its power, the uppannaduccaritas which have arisen in one's body in this life will not arise again till one attains anupa-disesanibba-na (Nibba-na without the constituent groups of existence remaining); and by virtue of the Noble Eighfold Path, the anuppanna duccaritas which have never before arisen in one's body in this life, but which may arise in the future, will not at all arise in one's body, till one attains anupa-disesanibba-na. By virtue of the Noble Eightfold Path, the two duccaritas, Upanna and Anuppanna are eradicated and brought to an end. (To be continue)

TALKS ABOUT THE TRUESTORY "r®0D&onf Ak'¨\"r®w&m;awmf tppftrSefxGef;um;jyefhyGm;&efjzpfonf/

taruyfwJh qGrf;wpfeyf Ak a '¨ g &o-t&S i f £ E´ m p&d , (aAm"d & d y f N id r f a wm&arS m f b D )

(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) tarh p d w f r sm; tarqdw k m 'grsK;d awGcsn;f yg/ om;twGuf tepfemcH&w,fqkd wm 'gav;rS r[kwfao;yg/ om;y#doaE¨aepOfuyif tpm;taomuf? toGm;tvm? taetxdik rf sm; qifjcifNy;D ae&onf/ aecsiw f ikd ;f aevdrYk &? pm;csifwdkif;pm;vdkYr&? oGm;csifwdkif; oGm;vdkYr&jzpf&\/ arG;onfhtcgusawmhvnf; toufeJY t&Suf iJhuGufjcif;r&Sd? BuD;rm;aom qif;&J'ku©cHpm;NyD;arG;&onf/ om;twGuf 'ku©yifv,f a0pGm cHpm;EkdifwJh teEÅ*kPf&Sif arG;rdcifyg/ Ä ao&Jaom owdåaoG;jzihf om;orD;twGuf rdrdtoufudk aorif;xH tyfESH? teEÅqif;&JrI'Pf vl;vdSrfhcHpm;NyD; arG;ay;wmvnf; tar&,fyg/ Ä om;orD;wdkYtwGuf tNyHK;rysuf? trJhryg arwåma&prf;ESihf tNrJwrf; Nidrf;csrf;atmif yufzsef;ay;aewwfwmuvnf; taryg/ Ä avmurSm t&m&m? tcgcg tepfemtcHqHk;? cGihftvTwfEkdif qHk; em;tvnfEkdifqHk; tjynhft0 ay;a0iSEdkifwm tarygyJ/ Ä rdrdtoufqHk;vQif qHk;ygap? toufxufqHk; Munfom&TifNyHK; aomom;rsufESm tNrJwrf; jrifawGUaecsifwm taryg/

Ä om;jrif&if pdwNf iKd jiifrnfp;dk í rjrifu, G &f m arSmif&yd rf mS tcef; wHcg;ydwfcg toHwdwfeJY tHBudwfNyD; rqdwfatmif idkaewwfwmvnf; tarygyJ/ Ä taMumif;t&moabmw&m;udk om;ajymjy&if aomuawG 0ifrnfpdk;í aomutm;vHk;odrf;usHK;NyD; toufxufqHk; ESvHk;&ifrSm zHk;zd um rcsdatmif usdwfrSdwfNyD; cHpm;aewwfwmvnf; taryg/ Ä om;u rauseyfwo hJ abmeJY b,fvykd ifajymajym auseyfaom pdwf"mwfjzihf ajzodyfaewwfwm[mvnf; tar&,fyg/ Ä om;&JU tqd;k 'PfteEÅukd Zufx;kd cHae&í vlu, G &f marSmif&yd f rSm toHwdwfeJY rqdwfatmif idkae&aomfvnf; tarpdwfeJY ajzodyfNyD; 'Pf&mrJhESvHk;om;ESihf tNyHK;arwåm o'¨gyGm;aewwfm teEÅ*kPftif arG;rdcif&,fyg/ Ä xdkYaMumihf....xdkYaMumihf....xdkYaMumihfrdkY... Ä urÇmajrudkavmifuRrf; ork'´&ma&udk ajcmufcrf;apEkdifwJh aerif;BuD;rsm;[m tar&JU ESvHk;om; urÇmajrESihf arwåmprf;udkawmh ravmifuRrf;? rcrf;ajcmufapEkdifyg/ tJ'g teEÅarwåm&Sif arG;rdcif&JU *kPftifawGyg/ rdcif? zcifrsm; þuJhodkY om;orD;wdkY\ uG,f&mrSm cHpm;ae wwfw,fqdkwm om;orD;rsm; odMuygav/ rdrdtwGufaMumihf rdbwdkY pdwfrqif;&JMuygapeJY owdjyKMuygav/ r,fawmfBuD;\ pum;NyD;qHk;í rMumrDtcsdefwGif oli,fcsif; onf r,fawmfBu;D tdrjf yef<uvmavonf/ NrKd UodYk jyef<ucsed ef ;D NyjD zpfaom aMumihf r,fawmfBuD;xH aiGawmif;aeacsNyD/ pma&;olrSmawmh rdcifeJY om;wdkYtMum; rsufESmb,fvdk xm;& rSef;rodjzpfcg aZmacR;rsm;yifjyefaeavonf/ r,fawmfBu;D onf t&Sib f &k m;wdYk cPaeygOD;bk&m;[k avQmuf xm;Ny;D tdrt f jyifxu G o f mG ;avonf/ tvkyBf uKd wifaiG oGm;&SmazGjcif;om jzpfyg\/ rMumrD jyefa&mufvmNyD; om;&[ef;udk aiGvSLavonf/ pma&;ol tuJcwfMunhfvdkufawmh r,fawmfBuD;vSLwm enf;w,fqNkd y;D rauseyfwhJ rsuEf mS oli,fcsi;f jzpfaejyefonf/ þaiGum; b,fu,lvmovJ? b,fenf;eJY&cJhovJvdkY olrpOf;pm;ygacs/ oltvdk rusvQif tarhb0 b,fvykd J aeaeqdw k hJ rsuaf jcu jyoaeyg\/ oli,f csif;um; rSm;yg\/ r,fawmfBuD;udkum; oem;ygbd/ pma&;olEiS fh oli,fcsi;f &[ef;wdNYk rKd UodYk jyef<u&ef r,fawmfBu;D tdrfav;u xGufvmcsdefwGif r,fawmftkdBuD;[m tdrftdkuav;udk vuf wpfzufuikd f rwfwwf&yfvsuf om;&[ef;udk vGr;f wJt h NyKH ;eJY rsupf d wqH;k ai;armMunhf&if; usef&pfcJh&Smonf/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

DHAMMA TALKS

"r速0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/ pmrsuf E S m 12 rS &m[kvmrif;om;av;ukd jrwfpGmbk&m;xHawmf odkY apvTwfvdkufavonf/ rdcif\oifMum;rIukd pGJNrJpGm rSwfom; NyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\teD;&yfodkY a&muf&Sdvm wJ h &m[k v mrif ; om;av;[m &T i f v ef ; 0rf ; ajrmufaompdwfxm;jzihf ]zcrnf;awmf &[ef; jrwfbk&m;? t&Sifbk&m;\t&dyfonf vGefpGm at;jrcsrf;omvSygay\} vdkY avQmufxm;NyD; awmh uav;wdkYobm0twkdif; wDwDwmwm rsm;pGmaompum;wdkYukd ajymMum;í jrwfpGm bk&m;\teD;tyg;ü aeavonf/ jrwfpmG bk&m; &Sifvnf; qGrf;udpöNyD;pD;í tEkarm'emw&m; csD ; jr§ i f h N yD ; aomtcg a&T e ef ; awmf r S x G u f í edaj*m"m½kHausmif;wkdufodkY <uawmfrlavonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m; jyef<uawmfrlcsdefrSm awmh &m[kvmrif;om;av;u ]zcrnf;awmf &[ef;jrwfbk&m; tuREfkyftm; tarGOpömukd ay;awmf r l y gbk & m;? tacguf a cguf t cgcg avQmufxm;ajymqkd&if; jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\ aemufodkY vkdufygcJhavawmhonf/ &m[kvm rif;om;av;uawmh zcrnf;awmf bk&m;&Six f H rSm tarGawmif;cHaeNyD? þae&mü Ak'¨bmom 0if vlrsKd;wdkif; txl;owdjyKrd&ef vdktyfyg onf/ ausmif ; awmf B uD ; a&muf w h J t cgrS m jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu (þ&m[kvmrif;om;onf um; tz\Opömjzpfaom tarGtESpfukd &,l vkd\? þavmuDOpöm tarGtESpf[lonfum; 0#fqif;&Jüom pm&if;t0iftygjzpfí vGefpGm qif;&JzkdYom jzpfacs\? ukdif;- igbk&m;onf om;awmfav;&m[kvm;tm; r[maAm"dr@Kdif tjyif 0 ,f ig;tif a omrm&f wG i f ; y&ef u k d wGef;vSefNyKdifqkdif tEkdifwdkufum &,lcJhonhf o'¨ g ? oD v ? [D & d ? Mowå y Ü ? ok w ? pm*? ynm[laom t&d,m wdYk Opöm&wemckepfyg;ukd ay;awmh t H h ? om;awmf &m[k v muk d avmukwå&mtarGtESpf\ ydkif&Sif jzpfatmif jyKay;awmht)hH [k BupH nfqifjcif awmfrNl y;D vQif t&S i f o m&d y k w å & mrax&f u k d ac:awmf r l í ]cspfom; om&dykwå&m &m[kvm rif;om;av; igbk & m;xH r S m tarG a wmif ; cH v m &um; oifcspfom;onf &m[kvmrif;om;av; ukd &S i f o mraPjyKay;avmh } [l í rd e f Y a wmf r l avonf/ zcifaumif;wpfOD;jzpfaom jrwfpGm bk&m;&Sifonf avmuDOpömtarGawGukd ay;cJh ygrl udavo0#f? ur®0#f? 0dygu0#f [k qkdtyf

aom 0#fokH;yg;rSm usifvnfí qif;&J&rnf trSefjzpfaomaMumifh qif;&JvGwf&m qif;&J Nidrf;&modkY a&mufygapjcif;tusKd;ukd vdkvm; awmfrí l avmukw&å mtarGudk ay;cJjh cif;jzpfay onf/ ,aeY Ak'¨bmom0if zcifaumif;wdkY onfvnf; tm;ustwk,lí tpOfusifhokH;&ef vdktyfygay\/ vdr®m,Ofaus;aom &m[kvm omraPav;uk d jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f o nf a'oemawmf r sm;pG m a[mMum;cJ h a y\/ &S i f & m[k v monf touf E S p f q ,f j ynh f í &[ef;jyKNyD;p 0gr&ao;aom &[ef;i,fjzpfcsdef wGif jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu t&Sif&m[kvmtm; t&[wåzkdvfodkY a&mufapEkdifaMumif;ukd jrif awmf r l í t&[wå z k d v f o d k Y a &muf y gapjcif ; tusKd;iSm (plV&m[kavm0g'okwf) ukd a[m Mum;awmfrcl ahJ v\/ þae&mü t&Si&f m[kvm tm; a[mMum;cJhaom plV&m[kavm0g'okwf \ ed*kH;ukd tenf;i,f azmfjyygrnf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu a'oemawmf\ ed*kH;rSm ]cspfom;&m[kvm- tMum;tjrifrsm; aom igbk&m;\wynhfom0uonf þodkY ½Ijrifvwfaomf rsufpdwGifrnf ½kyftMunf ü NiD;aiGU\? tqif;rsKd;pkH ½lyg½kHwdkYü NiD;aiGU \? pu©K 0dnmPf (tjrif"mwfoabm) ü NiD ; aiG U \/ rsuf p d t awG U (pu© K oræ ó ) ü NiD;aiGU\/ rsufpdtawGUukd taMumif;jyKNyD; jzpf a y:orQaom a0'em? onm? ocF g &? 0d n mOf þav;tif a om emrf c E¨ m w&m; üvnf ; NiD ; aiG U \/ em;[kwiG rf nf ½kyt f Munfü Ni;D aiGU\/ toHrsKd;pkH? o'´g½kHwdkYü NiD;aiGU\/ (ay,sm-v) ESmacgif;wGifrnf ½kyftMunfü NiD;aiGU\/ teHU rsKd;pkH *E¨m½kHwdkYü NiD;aiGU\/ vQm[kwGifrnf ½kyftMunfü NiD;aiGU \/ t&omrsKd ; pk H &om½k H w d k Y ü NiD ; aiG U \/ ukd,f[kwGifrnf ½kyftMunfü NiD;aiGU\/ tawGUrsKd;pkH azm|AÁm½kHwdkYü NiD;aiGU\/ raemwGifrnf pdwftMunfü NiD;aiGU\/ "r®m½kH wdkYü NiD;aiGU\/ raem0dnmPfü NiD;aiGU\/ raemoræ ó ü NiD ; aiG U \/ raemoræ ó uk d taMumif ; jyKí jzpf a y:orQaom a0'em? onm? ocFg&? 0dnmOf þav;tifaom emrf cE¨mw&m;üvnf; NiD;aiGU\/ NiD ; aiG U onf & S d a omf wyf j cif ; uif ; \? wyf j cif ; uif ; jcif ; aMumif h ud a vomrS vGwf\/ udavomrSvGwfNyD;aomf ]udav omrS v G w f N yD } [k ypö a 0u© P mtod Ó Pf

jzpf \ / ]y#d o aE¨ a e&rI uk e f N yD ? jrwf a om tusihfukd usihfokH;NyD;NyD? jyKzG,f (r*f) udpöukd jyKNyD ; NyD / þ(r*f ) ud p ö t wG u f aemuf x yf jyKzG , f r &S d a wmh N yD } [k tquf q uf a om ypö a 0u© P mÓPf j zih f od \ - [l í a[m awmfrlcJhay\/ jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f a[mMum;aom þplV&m[kavm0g'okwfawmftqkH;ü t&Sif &m[kvmonf t&[wåzkdvfüwnfí rsm;pGm aom ewfjA[®mwdo Yk nfvnf; toD;oD;aom r*f? zk d v f o d k Y qk d u f a &muf M uavonf / (ok w å e f tus,u f dk r[mAk'0¨ if?ESm?207?pwkww ¦ w JG iG ½f )I &Sif&m[kvm\odu©mokH;yg; vdkvm; awmif;wykHrSm vGefpGm rSwf,lxkdufygay\/ &Sif&m[kvm odu©mokH;yg; awmif;wykHrSm&m[k v momraPav;onf apmpD ; pG m td y f & muxNyD ; vQif vuf c k y f j zih f oJ r sm;uk d usKH ; ,l N yD ; aemuf ]igonf ,aeY t zk d Y & m jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif txHawmfrSvnf;aumif;? q&mOyZÑm,f w d k Y \ txH r S v nf ; aumif ; þoJ r I e f Y E S i h f t rQ tqk H ; tr Mo0g'uk d &ygvd k \ } [k qk d a vh & S d a y\/ &[ef ; oH C mawmf w d k Y t v,f r S m &m[kvmomraPav;[m tqkH;trukd vG,f ulpGm cH,lwwfoljzpfjcif;aMumihf &[ef;awmf rsm;u crnfa;wmfjrwfpGmbk&m;tm; oihfavsmf avsmufywfonhf om;xl;om;jrwfjzpfpGwum; [k csD;usL;ajymqkdjcif;ukd cH&oljzpfayonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf aemifwcsdefwGif &[ef;awmfwt Ykd m; {w'*fbUJG xl; cs;D usL;ESi;f tyf awmf r l a omtcgrS m vnf ; t&S i f & m[k v m rax&fukd ]{wH'*¾H bdu©a0 rr om0umeH bdu©KeH odu©m- umrmeH ,'d'H &m[kavm&[ef ; wd k Y ? od u © m ok H ; yg; vk d v m;Muonh f igbk & m;\ wynh f o m0u&[ef ; wd k Y w G i f &m[k v monf tomqk H ; tjrwf q k H ; jzpf ay\[k csD ; usL;awmf r l u m ]od u © m umrod u © m ok H ; yg; vd k v m;aom t&m0,f tomqk H ; tjrwf q k H ; {w'*f & mxl ; ü xm;awmf r l a vonf / þ,ck jycJ h N yD ; aom tcef;u@wGif zcifwdkif;wdkYwGif &SdaeMuaom arwåm? zcifwpfOD;jzpfaom jrwfpGmbk&m; onf om;awmfav;tay:rSmxm;aom arwåm ay;cJhaom avmukwå&mtarGwdkYukd awGU&ay rnf/ ,aeY zcifaumif;wdkY usifhokH;oihfaom enf;vrf;aumif;jzpfay\/ pmrsuf E S m 27 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

arwåmw&m;ESihf,SOfum opömw&m;eJYaeyg tyÜ r m'Mobmo-oxk H

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/ oHk;wef jy|mef;NyD;vSLygu ydkNyD;awmh tusKd;&Sdyg w,f/ tJ'DapwemoHk;rsKd;uawmh... 1/ ypönf;wpfck (vSLzG,f)udk olwpfyg; tm; rpG e f Y v T w f a o;rD u yif Bud K wif í jzpf a y: aeaom ykAÁapwem/ 2/ vSL'gef;aepOftwGif;rSm jzpfay:ae aom rk Í ö a pwem/ (rk Í ö q d k w m pG e f Y v T w f j cif ; [k t"dyÜg,fa&mufygw,f/ pGefYvTwfvSL'gef;aepOf rkÍöapwem[m ta&;BuD;ygw,f/) 3/ pGefYvTwfNyD;rS jzpfay:aeaom pdwfudk ty& apwem apwem[kac:qdkygw,f/ 'Dawmh.... ]]anmifaphavmufvSLNyD; anmif y if B uD ; avmuf &wm}} yJ j zpf j zpf ? ]]anmif y if B uD ; avmuf v S L NyD ; anmif a ph avmuf & wm}} [mvnf ; tjcm;aMumih f r[k w f a y/ apwemoH k ; wef a Mumif h yif j zpf \ / apwemoHk;wef uGJjym;jcm;em;vQif tusK;d ay;&mrSmvnf; uGjJ ym;jcm;em;oGm;ygawmh w,f/ apwemoHk;wefESihf jynhfpHkaom 'ge wpfck jzpfzdkYqdk&ifawmh rvSLcifaum? vSL'gef; aepOfrSmaum? vSL'gef;MuwJhtcgrSmyg rdrdpdwf [m tJ'yD pön;f 0w¬KEiS fh yk*Kd¾ vt f ay:rSm ruyfNi?d rNidwG,fbJ vSL'gef;Ekdif&r,f/ ypönf;tay:rSmyJjzpfjzpf? tvSLcH yk*¾dKvftay:rSmyJjzpfjzpf rvSLcifaum vSLNyD;rSm yg uyfNidr,f? wG,fwmrdr,fqdkygu apwem oHk;wef rjy|mef;awmhovdk tusKd;w&m;[m vnf; rBuD;rm;awmhygbl;/ wu,f a wmh apwemoH k ; wef j zih f vSL'gef;wm[m taMumif;aumif;aumif;jzihf vSL'gef;vdkufwmyg/ taMumif;aumif;atmif jyKvyk w f v hJ l tzdYk tusK;d w&m;[mvnf; aumif; vmygvdrrfh ,f/ 'gud k y if v Qif taMumif ; aumi;f r S tusKd;aumif;rnf[k qdkjcif;jzpfygw,f/ wpf c sKd U u 'geqd k w m oH o &mud k &Snfapwwfaom w&m;[k qdkavh&SdMu\/ trSefawmh 'geqdkwm oHo&mudk wd k a paom w&m;yg/ bmaMumih f v nf ; qd k a wmh . .. b0rSm tzefzef y#doaE¨aejcif; jzih f oH o &mud k yk d í &S n f a pwwf a om w&m;rS m wPS m wnf ; [l a om avmb jzpf v d k Y y gyJ / 'ge[lonf avmbudk y,fowfNy;D rS

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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tbd"r®mw&m;awmfudk avhvmylaZmfjcif; armif r sKd ; xG e f ; (jrif ; NcH )

avhvmwifjyaom apwoduf= avmbapw oduf (tbd"r®m 7 usrf;0if "r®o*FPDusrf;rS xkwfEIwfazmfjyygonf/) avmb\ twdr[mAsL[m [mAsL[m= tukovrlv (tukodkvftajccHí oHo&mxJpGJNrJ vnfywf aeap&ef) avmb\ r[mAsL[m (u) rm&ygo/ rm&f\ ausmhuGif; (rm&fewf\ ausmhuGif;rdap&ef) (c) rm&AVdo/ rm&f\ ig;jr§m;csdyf(rm&fewf\ qGJaqmif&modkYvdkufygap&ef) (*) rm&0do,/ rm&f\ e,fy,f(terw*¾ 0#f qif;&JrS vGwfcGihfr&ap&ef) avmb\ tusKd ; ouf a &muf r I (u) 'ku©rlv ('ku©\tp) (c) 'ku©ed'ge ('ku©\qif;&Jay;EkdifpGrf;) (*) 'ku©yÜb0 ('ku©ESifhuif;í r&aomjzpfpOf) þavmbapwoduo f nf tbd"r®m wGifazmfjyaom apwoduf (52)vHk;teuf avmb apwodufwGifyg0ifyg\/ avmbap wodufudk AsL[mtqihfqifhjzihf avhvmazmf xkwfvQif ydkí &Sif;vif;Ekdifygonf/ avmb\ twd r [mAsL[me,f y ,f / tuk o d k v f t ajccH í oH o &mxJ 0Jvnfaeapwwfaom oabm avmb\ r[mAsL[me,f y ,f avmb\ r[mAsL[mjzpf a om rm&ygo? rm&AVd o ? rm&0d o ,wd k Y o nf tvG e f u s,f 0 ef ; \/ jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f udk,fawmfwdkifom tao;pdyfí odEkdif&myg\/ ]rm&oH,kwf} [k oH,kwf ygVdawmfwGif oD;jcm; u@wpf&yfa[mjyawmfrlcJh&yg\/ þr[mAsL[m (3) &yf o nf qufpyfvsuf&SdNyD; rm&f\ ausmhuGif;ESihf rm&f\ ig;jrm§ ;csyd f rdvQif rm&f\ e,fy,frS rvGwEf idk af y?

xdkoabmw&m;udk ay:vGifap&ef oH,kwf ygVd a wmf w G i f yg&S d a om ]uóuok w f } rS xkwfEkwfazmfjyygrnf/ uóuok w f 1/ w&m;a[mñTefjyaeol = oAÁnKjrwfpGmbk&m; 2/ w&m;emy&dowf = &[ef;y&dowf 3/ a[mMum;aomw&m;=edAmÁ efEiS ph f yfaMumif;w&m;pum; 4/ &[ef ; wd k Y \ ynmrsuf p d u d k zsuf q D ; vdkol=rm&fewf 5/ rm&fewfonf v,form; toGifaqmif vsuf BuD;pGmaom xGefwHk;udk ycHk;ü xrf;vsuf ESifwH&Snfudk udkifum z½dkz&Jusaom qHyif &Sdonfjzpfí ydkufqHavsmfykqdk;udk 0wfvsuf ñTHtvdrf;vdrf;uyfaom ajcjzihf jrwfpGmbk&m; xH csOf;uyfum tjyeftvSef pum;qdkygonf/ rm&f e wf = &[ef ; EG m ;wd k Y u d k jrif v d k u f y g oavm/ Ak ' ¨ =rm&f e wf EG m ;wd k Y j zih f oih f t m; tb,ftusKd;&SdovJ/ rm&f e wf =&[ef; igYtm; rsufpdonf&Sd\/ =igYtm; ½lyg½HkwdkYonf &Sd\/ =igYtm; rsufpdESihf awGUxdtyfaom 0d n mPf \ wnf & m pk a 0;&m pu© K oræ ó 0dnmPm,weonf&Sd\/ &[ef ; =oifonf tb,ft&yfodkY oGm;í ig\ e,fy,f (rm&0do,) rSvGwftHhenf;/ &[ef ; = xdkYtwl em;- toH ? aomworæ ó 0dnmPm ,we ES m acgif ; teH Y ? Cmeoræ ó 0dnmPm ,we vQm- &om½H?k Zd0mS oræó 0dnmPm ,we udk,f-tawGUtxd? um,oræó 0dnmPm,we pdwf-"r®m½Hk raemoræó 0dnmPm ,we wdkYonf toD;oD;&SdMuukef\/ oifonf tb,ft&yfodkYoGm;í ig\ e,fy,f (rm&0do,)rS vGwftHhenf;/ rm&f e wf , k w f Ak ' ¨ rsufpdonf oihftm; &Sdonfjzpfyg ap? ½lyg½Ho k nf oiht f m; &So d nfjzpfygap? rsupf d

jzihf awGUxdtyfaom 0dnmPf\ wnf&m pka0;&monf oihftm; &Sdonfjzpfygap? rm&f e wf , k w f tMuift&yfü rsufpdonfr&Sd? ½lyg½Hk wdkYonf r&Sdukef? rsufpdjzihf awGUxdtyfaom 0dnmPf \wnf&m pka0;&monf r&Sd/ rm&f e wf , k w f xdkt&yfü oihftm; a&mufonfr&Sd/ rm&f e wf , k w f xdkYtwl? em;r&Sd? toHr&Sd? em;jzihf awGUxdtyfaom 0dnmPf\wnf&m pka0;&m onf r&Sd/ -ESmacgif;r&Sd? teHYr&Sd? ESmacgif;jzihf awGUxdtyfaom 0dnmPf\ wnf&m pka0;&m onf r&Sd/ -vQm r&S d ? &om½H k r &S d ? vQmjzih f awGUxdtyfaom 0dnmPf\ wnf&m pka0;&m onf r&Sd/ -udk,f r&Sd? tawGUtxdr&Sd? udk,fjzihf awGUxdtyfaom 0dnmPf\ wnf&m pka0;&m onfr&Sd/ -pdwfonfr&Sd? "r®m½Hkr&Sd? pdwfjzihf awGUxdtyfaom 0dnmPf\ wnf&m pka0;&m onf r&Sd/ xd k t &yf o d k Y oif \ a&muf j cif ; rnfonf r&Sd[k rdefYawmfrl\/ rm&f e wf = &[ef; tMuify*k Kd¾ vw f o Ykd nf tMuifOpömwku Yd kd ]]þOpömonf ig\ Opömwnf;}} [k qdkukef\/ ig\odrf;qnf;aom Opöm[k qdkukef\/ þol w d k Y o nf þajymqd k a om t&mwdkYü oifpdwfonf? tu,fí &Sdonf jzpftHh? oifonf ig\ e,fy,f (rm&0do,) rSvGwfvdrfhrnfr[kwf[kqdk\/ Ak'¨ =rm&fewf,kwf tMuif o l w d k Y o nf ]ig\ Opö m [k qdkukef\} xdkolwdkY\ xdkOpömrsKd;onf igYtm; r& r&Sd/ tMuifow l o Ykd nf þodaYk jymqdu k ek \ f ? xdkodkYajymqdkolwdkYonf igr[kwf/ ig\oGm;&mc&D;udv k nf; oifrjrifEidk ?f rm&fewf,kwf þodkYodavavmh[k rdefYawmf rlonf/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/ xdktcg rm&fewfonf xdkt&yfüyif uG,faysmufav\/ þom"uudk Munhv f Qif a'0ykwrå m&f onf tcgtcGihfoihfwdkif; Ak'üdk wdkufcdkufaecJh onfudk awGUEkdifygonf/ þuóu okwfwGif yg&Sdaom rm&fewf\ pum;ppfxdk;yGJudk wkdufyGJ oHk;oyfcsufwifjy&aomf rm&f e wf ñ T e f j yaom rm&ygo (rm&f e wf \ ausmh u G i f ; ) rm&fewf\ ausmhuGif;rSm tZÑwd um,we (6) yg;ESihf Am[d&m,we (6) yg; jzpfaMumif; awGUEkdifygonf/ þausmu h iG ;f (12)ckukd ausmu h iG ;f [k rodbJ ausmhuGif;ü (yD,)cspfjcif;? (omw) om,mjcif;jzpfaeygu rm&fewf\ e,fy,fodkY a&mufrnfjzpfygonf/ Ak ' ¨ ñ T e f j yaom rm&ygorS v G w f v rf ; Ak'ü rm&fewf ausmhuGif; (12) &yfu vGwfaom ae&modkYa&muf&ef tm½Hk-'Gg& wd k u f q d k i f r I u d k yD , omw rjzpf a tmif tofdjzihfy,f? owdjzihfy,f? ur®mef; tm½Hk jzihfy,fNyD; ausmhuGif; (12) &yfrS vGwfaom ae&mod k Y a&S U ½I a eygu rm&f e wf \ 0d o , (e,fy,f)rS vGwfaMumif; nGefjyawmfrlyg\/ rm&f e wf ñ T e f j yaom rm&f \ 'k w d , ausmh u G i f ; 'kwd,ausmhuGif;rSm tMuifyk*¾dKvf onf igYOpöm ig[kajymqdkrSwf,lvsuf twåESihf twåed,pGJvef;rI&SdcJhaomf rm&f\ e,fy,frS rvGwfEdkif[kqdk\/ Ak ' ¨ ñ T e f j ycJ h a om ausmh u G i f ; vG w f v rf ; Ak'ü ]igYOpömr[kwf igr[kwf} [k odol? qdkol ,HkMunfusihfBuHoltm; rm&fewf\ 0do, rS vGwf\ ñTefjyawmfrlyg\/ þonfrSm rm&fewf\ ausmhuGif;ESifh rm&fewf\ 0do,(e,fy,frS) vGwfaomvrf; rSm Ak'ÿGihfrS od&yg\/ rm&fewfuvnf; ol\ ausmhuGif;ESihf 0do,udk olYxuf ÓPfEHkaom yk*¾dKvf owå0gwdkYa&SUwGif azmfjyjcif;r&Sdyg/ olx Y ufÓPftqihjf rihaf om oAÁnKwÓPf&iS f jrwfAk'ä&SUwGif azmfjyonfukd owdjyK qifjcif tyfygonf/ þodw Yk ifjyonfuv kd nf; tbd"r®m w&m;ESifh okweå w f &m;wdYk qufpyfavhvmaom tcg awGUEkdifrnfjzpfyg\/ xdkYaMumihf tbd"r®m w&m;onf oH o &mpuf u d k j rif a tmif v nf ; ñTefjyaeaMumif; awGUEkdifygonf/ rm&f e wf \ ig;rQm;csd y f u d k AVd o d aumyrokwfwGif avhvmawGU&SdEkdifygonf/

rm&f e wf \ ig;jrS m ;csd y f (6)rsKd ; rm&f e wf \ ig;jrS m ;csd y f u d k qef Y u sif E k d i f o l þemr0d a ooe (6)rsKd ; ES i h f jynhfpHkaom 0dnmPf(6)yg;udk tvGefrESpfouf? rpGJvef;? vTrf;rdk;í rwnfcJhrl ig;jr§m;csdyfrS vGwf\[k rSwf,l&ygrnf/ quf p yf í qif j cif o H k ; oyf j cif ; w&m;ES v H k ; oG i f ; í ur® | mef ; xd k i f tm;xk w f a eaom yk * ¾ d K vf o nf rsuf p d r S d w f ? pum;tjyeftvSef rajymbJ yg;pyfydwfae\/ olwpfyg; ajymoHem;axmifp&mrvdkí em;ydwf? av0ifavxGufrSwfae&ojzihf ESmacgif;u tm½Hyk w d af e\/ ud, k u f vJ owdex YJ ikd af eojzihf ESpfoufzG,f azm|AÁm½HkwdkY ydwfae\/ pdwfu vnf; 0ifav xGuaf vay:wnfaeojzihf "r®m½Hk

ydwfae\/ xdkYaMumihf rsufpd? em;? ESm? vQm? udk,f? pdwfudk ]ydwfxm;ovdk} r&Sdovkd jzpfae yg\/ xdktcg rm&fewf\ ygo (ausmhuGif;)? AVdo (ig;jrSm;csdyf)wdkYrS vGwfae\/ xdktcg rm&0do,(rm&f\e,fy,f)rS vGwaf jrmufíae\/ xdkYaMumihf w&m;tm;xkwfaejcif; onf rm&f\ e,fy,frS vGwaf Mumif;jzpfonf[k rSwf,l&ayrnf/ NcH K iH k o H k ; oyf í wif j y&aomf Ak ' ¨ a[mMum; tbd"r®mw&m;ESifh okweå w f &m; rsm; quf p yf v d k u f y gvQif oH o &mvG w f v rf ; ud k jrif c G i h f & rnf j zpf y gaMumif ; wif j yvd k u f & ayownf;/ armif r sKd ; xG e f ; (jrif ; NcH ) ñT e f ; - uóuok w f

pmrsuf E S m 29 rS

bl;? 'gevnf; jyKr,fqdk&ifawmh taumif;qHk; aygYaemf/ odkYaomf.... udk,f[m opömpum;ajymzdkYvnf; cufcJaeao;w,f/ a'govnf; BuD;csifao; w,f? 'gayr,fh ewfjynfudkawmh a&mufcsif w,fqdk&if b,fvdkvkyfrvJ/ 'k | *grPd r if ; uawmh ol p m;r,f h tpmtm[m&xJu OD;OD;zsm;zsm;udk vSL'gef;NyD; rSpm;aomufygw,f/ pma&;olESihf pmzwfol aum tJ'Dvdk vkyf&if raumif;bl;vm;/ vkyfvdkY&ygw,faemf/ bmaMumihfvJqdkawmh pma&;olwdkY pmzwfolwdkYrSm 'k|*grPdrif;avmuf ppfajy; &if; xrif;a0pkwpfy&kH zl;wJo h &l v dS m;? tu,fí &SdcJh&ifa&m 'k|*grPdrif;vdk vSLEkdifygYrvm;/ 'Dar;cGef;twGuf ajz&cufaer,fqdk &ifvnf; aeYpOf rdrpd m;aomufwhJ twGi;f uae (enf;enf;av;jzpfjzpf) vSLzdkYawmh rcufcJ avmufygbl;aemf/ 'gqdk&ifawmh pm;OD;av;awG vSLMu ygaemf / bmaMumih f v J q d k a wmh 'geqd k w m ewfjynfudkoGm;r,fh avSum;jzpfaevdkYygyJ/ avSum;r&SdbJeJY txufudkwufzdkY rjzpf Ekdifbl;qdkwmudk odxm;&if ewfjynfoGm; r,fh avSum;udak wmh &atmifvyk x f m;vdu k yf g/ pH & d y f N id r f q &mawmf usrf ; ud k ; 1/ "r®y' 2/ Asmud P Ö r S w f p k (bk & m;zl q &mawmf ) 3/ Ak ' ¨ b momaumif ; wpf a ,muf 4/ pH a wmf 0 if t &d , mrsm; ("r®mp&d, OD;aX;vdIif)

qGrf;tjynhfjzihf oydwfwpfvHk; a&mufvmyg w,f/ olwo Ykd ;kH OD;[m tJ'o D ydwx f u J qGr;f usef awGudk 00vifvif pm;aomuf&wmaygY/ (tu,fíom a0pktwdik ;f pm;&rnf qdkygu 'Davmuf0rSm r[kwfay/) xrif;pm;NyD;wmeJY 'k|*grPdrif;[m oydwfudk udk,fwdkifaq;NyD; (wdótrwfudkyif raq;cdik ;f ygbl;) oydwcf sn;f vnf; jyefrydcYk siyf gbl;/ 'k|*grPdrif;u wpfckckudk vSLvdkuf csifygao;w,f/ 'gayr,fh olYrSm (&[ef;wdkYjzihf tyfpyfaom vSLzG,fqdkvdkY) rsufESmokwfy0g wpfxnfyJ&Sdygawmhw,f/ 'geJY 'k|*grPdrif;[m rsufESmokwf y0gudk oydwfokwfy0gtjzpf csnfum t"d|mef jzihf vSL'gef;um ydkYvTwfvdkufygw,f/ oydwf[m rax&fjrwfxHudk a&muf oGm;ygawmhw,f/ vlom;wdkif; vlom;wdkif; ewfjynf udk a&mufEkdifwJh tajccHtaMumif; w&m; oH k ; yg;&S d y gw,f / tJ ' D o H k ; yg;u awmh . .. 1/ opö m pum;ud k [k w f w d k i f ; rS e f p G m ajymqd k j cif ; ? 2/ a'go rmef r mepd w f r&S d j cif ; ? 3/ tvSLcHyk*¾dKvfa&mufvmygu enf;onf jzpf a p? rsm;onf j zpf a p vS L 'gef ; jcif ; wd k Y jzpf y gw,f / þt*FgoHk;yg;rSm eHygwfoHk;tcsufu awmh jyKvkyf&wm tvG,fulqHk;ESihf ewfjynf a&mufzdkYtaumif;qHk; enf;pepfygyJ/ opömpum;ajymzdkY? a'gor&SdzdkYqdkwm [m vSL'gef;wmxufydkNyD;awmh cufcJygw,f/ opömpum;udkvnf;ajymr,f? a'govnf; r&Sd

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/

tumESihftESpf armif o d e f ; pk d ; (ausmuf y ef ; awmif ; )

]tumu tcspf? tESpfu arwåm} [lonf rdrdwdkYi,fpOfu MunhfcJhzl;aom ½kyf&Sif Zmwfum;\trnfjzpfygonf/ ]om;tcspf ajr; tESpf} [líqkdvkdcsifonfvm;? tcspfonf tumuJhodkYvnf;aumif;? arwåmonf tESpfuJh odkYwlnDaMumif;ukd azmfñTef;jyvdkonfvm;? a&a&&m&mrrSwfrdawmhyg/ bmyJjzpfjzpf ]tcspfESihfarwåm} onf vlom;wdkif;? owå0gwkdif;ESifh oufqkdifonhf t&mjzpf y gonf / arwå m [l a om ygVd u k d a&S;q&mwdkYu ]cspfjcif;} [lí jrefrmjyefqkdcJh Muovdk ]ayr} [laom ygVdudkvnf; ]cspfjcif;} [líyif jyefqkdcJhMuygonf/ ]arwåm} o'´gjzihf a[mtyfonhf cspjf cif;um; 0daoojzpfí ]ayr} o'´gjzihf a[mtyfonfh cspfjcif;um; ]omrn} jzpfygonf/ xkdYaMumihf ayrt& cspfjcif;ukd(1) wPS m ayr? (2) a*[od w ayr? (3) arwåmayr [lí (3) rsKd;cGJjcm;EkdifaMumif; r[mAk ' ¨ 0 if y xrwG J w G i f jyqk d x m;ygonf / xk d o k H ; rsKd ; wG i f (1) wPS m ayr [lonf rdef;rESihfa,musfm; tcsif;csif; wPSm avmb\tpG r f ; jzih f cspf j cif ; ud k ac:qk d N yD ; þwPSmayrukd tvuFmusrf;ü ]od*Fg&} [k ac:qkdygonf/ (2) a*[odwayr onf rdbESihf om;orD;? nDESihftukd? armifESihfESr ponfwdkY tcsif;csif; cspfcifwG,fwmrIukd ac:qkdjcif;jzpf NyD; þcspfjcif;ukd tvuFmusrf;ü ]0päv} [k ac:qkdNyD; wPSmayrrSm wPSm&m*w&m;jzpf í a*[odwayrrSm avmbw&m;uk, d f jzpfyg onf/ (3) arwåmayr onf olwpfyg;\ tusKd;pD;yGm;jzpfxGef;rIukd vkdvm;onhfarwåm w&m;yif j zpf y gonf / þarwå m w&m;onf olwpfyg;ESihf rcGJrcGm tNrJ,SOfwGJaevkdjcif;

vkH;0r&Sd? vltcsif;csif; pMu0VmwpfckpDyif a0;uGmaeapumrl pD;yGm;csrf;omjzpfonf[k od&vQif auseyf\/ pifMu,frGefjrwfaom oabmomjzpfí jA[®0[ d m&[laom trnfukd &onf / w&m;uk d , f t m;jzih f ]ta'go} apwodufjzpfygonf/ jA[®0d[m&[lonf jrwfaomaejcif; [k t"d y Ü g ,f & um w&m;uk d , f r S m arwå m ? u½kPm? rk'dwm? Oayu©mw&m;(4)yg;jzpfyg onf/ OD;a&rnfrQ rnfolYukd pojzihf rEIdif;,SOf tyfaom owå0gwdkY tay: jzpfyGm;aomw&m; jzpfí ]tyÜrnm} w&m;[lívnf; ac:qkdyg onf/ ]om;wpf a,mufxJ&Sdaom rdcifrSm ¤if ; om;twG u f touf r iJ h u G u f b J apmih f a&Smuf ouJhodYk} owå0g teEÅwdkYtay:wGif tusKd ; vk d v m;aom arwå m pd w f & S d & rnf [ k arwåmokwfygVdawmfwGif jrwfpGm bk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmfrlcJhygonf/ tcsp?f arwåmESipfh yfvsO;f ía,musmf ; ESihfrdef;r? vifr,m; wPSmavmbjzihf cspfjcif; ukd (1500) udavomtcspf? rdbESihfom;orD; armifESihfESrtcspfukd (528)oG,faom arwåm pojzihfvnf; trsm;u ajymqkdodrSwfvsuf &SdMu&m xkd(1500) udavomESihf (528)oG,f aom arwåmtaMumif; tenf;i,fazmfjyvdk ygonf/ (1500) udavomqkdonfrSm (emrf awynmo [laom emrfw&m; 53 yg;? edyEæ w é å t|m&o[laom edyæEé½kyf (18)yg;? vu©P½kyf (4)yg;? aygif; (75)yg;) tm; tZÑwå? A[d'¨ oEÅmef(2)yg;jzihf ajr§mufjcif;? avmb ponhf udavom(10)yg;wdjYk zihf xyfqifah jrm§ ufjcif;jzihf &&Sv d monhf udavomw&m;(1500) ukd ac:qkd aMumif; tbd"r®w¦o*F[usrf;t& avhvm od&Sd&ygonf/ (528)oG,faom arwåmqkdonfrSm y#dorÇd'gr*fygVdawmfvm&Sdonhftwkdif; arwåm yGm;&rnhfenf;vrf; (528)rsKd;&SdonhftwGuf (528)yg;[k ajymaeMujcif;jzpfygonf/ (528) enf;jzpfykHrSmyk*K¾ v d f owå0g tydik ;f tjcm;rxm;jcif; [laom ]taem"doig;rsKd;}/} ¤if;wdkYrSm-

oaAÁ o wå m (tvk H ; pk H a om owå 0 gawG ) ? oaAÁ y gPm (tvk H ; pk H a om ouf & S d a wG ) ? oaAÁ b l w m (tvk H ; pk H a om uk d , f x if & S m ;&S d o l a wG ) ? oaAÁ y k * ¾ v m (tvk H ; pk H a om yk * ¾ K d v f a wG ) ? oaAÁtwåbm0y&d,yEém (tvkH;pkHaom twåabmtwGif; tusKH;0if ol a wG ) ? ykdif;jcm;owfrSwfaom arwåmykdYjcif; [laom ]]Mo"doyk*¾KdvfckESpfrsKd;}}/ ¤if;wdkYrSmoAÁ m £w¦ d a ,m (tvk H ; pk H a om rd e f ; rawG ) ? oaAÁ yk & d o m (tvk H ; pk H a om a,musf m ;awG ) ? oaAÁ t&d , m (tvk H ; pk H a om jrih f j rwf o l a wG ? oaAÁ te&d , m (tvk H ; pk H a om yk x k Z Of a wG ) ? oaAÁ a '0g (tvk H ; pk H a om ewf j A[® m awG ) ? oaAÁ r Ek ó m (tvk H ; pk H a om vl a wG ) ? oaAÁ 0 d e d y gwd u m (tvk H ; pk H a om Nyd w å m awG ) ? þok d Y v Qif taem"d o ig;yg;? Mo"dockepfyg; aygif;yk*¾Kdvf(12)yg; &ygonf/ yk*¾Kdvf(12)yg;tm;ta0&ma[mEÅ K (&ef u if ; Muygap)? tAsmyZÆ m a[mEÅ K (aMumif h M u jcif ; uif ; Muygap)? ted C ma[mEÅ K (qif ; &J j cif ; uif ; Muygap)? ok c D t wå m eH y &d [ &EÅ K (csrf ; om pG m ES i h f rd r d u d k , f u k d vG , f u l p G m aqmif & G u f Ek d i f y gap) [l a om arwå m yk d Y j cif ; tjcif ; t&m(4)yg;jzih f ajr§ m uf y G m ;ygu (48)yg; &&S d y gonf / ¤if ; (48)yg;tm; t&yf ( 10) rsufESmESihf ajr§mufyGm;ygu (480)? ¤if;ukd pmrsuf E S m 34 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

Ak'b ¨ mom0ifrsm;ESihf jyKjyifp&m vl a t;(wrmajr) ]]þae&mwGif vwfqwfaomig;rsm; a&mif;&ef&Sdonf}} xkq d idk ;f bkwaf tmufwiG f armif½;dk qko d l ig;a&mif;ae\/ 0,folawGrSm BudwfBudwfwdk;/ 0,folwpfOD;u qkdonf/ ]]aeYpOf 'Dae&mrSmyJ wpfoufvkH;a&mif;vmonhfudpörkdY ]þae&m} wGif qkdif;bkwf xnhfokH;&efrvdkyg}} [k qkd\/ þodkYjzihf armif½kd;\qkdif;bkwfrSm topfjzpf oGm;\/ ]]vwfqwfaomig;rsm; a&mif;&ef&Sd onf}} aemufaps;0,folwpfOD;u qkdjyef onf/ 0,faeusazmufonftm;vkH; 0,fol tm;vk;H wdo Yk nf þig;vwf rvwf tukeo f \ d / armif ½ k d ; \apwemuk d tuk e f o d N yD ; jzpf í ]]vwf q wf a om}} [l a om pum;vH k ; jzih f txl;azmfjy&ef rvkdaMumif; tBuHjyKjyef\/ odEYk iS fh armif½;dk qkid ;f bkwf topfjzpfomG ;jyef\/ ]]ig;rsm; a&mif;&ef&Sdonf}} aps;0,foltcsKdUu qkdjyefavonf/ armif ½ k d ; wd k Y w pf r sKd ; vk H ; ig;&S m ig;a&mif ; í touf arG;cJo h nfrmS MumNy/D ig;rSvNJG y;D tjcm; bmpD;yGm; a&;ukdrSvnf; rvkyfcJh/ tckrsufjrif a&mif;csaeonfrSmvnf; ig;oD;oefYomjzpf&m bmrS a&maxG;a&mif;csjcif;r&Sdí ]]ig;rsm;}} [l o nf h pum;vk H ; xnh f o k H ; wm ykdaejyefygonf[k qkd\/ armif½kd; qkdif;bkwf jyif&jyefí pmvkH;enf;enf; om usefawmh\/ ]]a&mif;&ef&Sdonf}} þwpfBudrfwGifawmh 0,foltm;vkH; tjyif aps;olaps;om;tm;vkH;uyg ajymvmyg awmhonf/ þaps;wGif aps;vmcif;olrSeforQ tvum;vSLaeMuol wpfOD;rSr&Sd/ a&mif;zkdY&ef vmcif;Muonfom jzpf\/ armif½kd;vnf; tvum;ay;&ef ig;r&Sd/ a&mif;zkdYom&Sd\/ odkYjzihf tm;vkH;em;vnfNyD;om;udpöwpfckukd qkid ;f bkwf wifjcif;onf &,fz, G o f mjzpfonf[k qkdMu awmhonf/ þodkYjzihf armif½kd;ü bmqkdif;bkwfrS r&Sdawmh/ ig;ykHBuD;a&SUcsum tomxkdifa&mif; aevdkufawmh\/ odkYaomf ig;rSm a&mif;aumif; aeqJ/ armif½kd;\pD;yGm;a&;rSm aumif;onf

xuf aumif;aeqJyif/ trSeq f &dk aomf armif½;dk ig;a&mif;aumif;jcif;onf1/ onf ; cH w wf í quf q H a &;ajyjypf N yD ; vwfqwfaomig;rsm;ukdom a&mif;csay;ae onfh apwemwnf ; [l a om ]]uH } } 2/ trsm;ol i g vl p k H a &muf v mwwf a om vlpnfum;aomaps;jzpfonhf oihfavsmfonhf ae&mt&yfukd a&G;cs,fEkdifjcif;wnf;[laom ]]ÓPf}} 3/ aps;trD aps;tuGJ wpfckrS rvGJacsmfapbJ a&mif;0,fa&;tcsdeftwGuf umvwpfavsmuf vkH; BuKd;pm;vkyfaqmifcJhonhf ]]0D&d,}} armif½kd; ig;a&mif;aumif;í pD;yGm; a&;ajyvnf a ejcif ; rS m 'D uH - ÓPf - 0D & d , tcsufokH;ck nDñTwfíaeaom tusKd;omjzpf ayonf/ qkdif;bkwfpmwef;aMumifh r[kwfonf rSm xif&Sm;ayNyD/ rnfolrQ qkdif;bkwfukd tod trSwfrjyK/ tm;vkH;u todtrSwfjyKcJhonfrSm armif½kd;\tvkyfyifjzpfygonf/ þum; a&S ; q&mtpOf t quf Mum;zl ; wJ h twk , l z G , f j zpf p Of a v;wpf c k y g/ 'DjzpfpOfav;xJu aMumfjimqkid ;f bkwf taMumif; tawG;eJYtwl uyfygvmwmu ,aeY jrefrm Ek d i f i H \ ae&ma'otoD ; oD ; ü ax&0g'Ak ' ¨ bmomESihfywfoufí awGUcJhzl;wJh aMumfjim qkdif;bkwfrsm; taMumif;yg/ ae&mawmfawmf rsm;rsm;rS m awG U &wJ h qk d i f ; bk w f a v;wpf c k f nf þum;onf &Sdygw,f/ tJ'gu ]]þqkid o þtdro f nf Ak'¨ bk&m;\ arwåm&dyaf tmufwiG f wnf & S d y gaomaMumif h a&muf v mol t m;vk H ; at;csr;f om,mMuygap}} qkdwJh qkdif;bkwfav; awGyg/

pmvkH;rnf;rnf;BuD;rsm;u xnfxnf 0g0g t0ga&mifatmufcHwGif jrwfAk'¨\wifysOf acGxkdifaeonhfykH cyfa&;a&;ukd aemufcHjyKí yef;abmiftuGyfjzihf yvwfpwpfavmif;um qkdifaumifwmxkdifol\OD;acgif;tay:bufeH&H wGif þqkdifonfeJYpwJh qkdif;bkwfukd chHnm; xnf 0 gpG m uyf x m;ygonf / bmqk d i f v J v d k Y ar;Munhfawmh ]t&ufqkdif}wJh/ oGm;a&m[vdkY wçrdygonf/ 'gu qkdifeJYywfoufvkdY awGU&wm yg/ þtdro f nf[k pmwef;yguwfjym;jzihf azmfjy xm;aomtdrfonf raumif;aomtoufarG; jcif;jzihf toufarG;aomtdrfjzpfygu ]r[m 'ku©} [kyif awG;rdygao;onf/ jrwfAk'¨\arwåm&dyftaMumif; azmfjy xm;onfhtwGuf pma&;olvnf; Ak'¨\arwåm awmfukd MunfnKdrdygonf/ jrwfAk'¨onf r[m u½k P m&S i f j zpf \ / tEI d i f ; rJ h a rwå m &S i f v nf ; jzpf\/ om;awmf &m[kvmESihf a0ae,swdkY tay:xm;aom apwem arwåmonf twlwl yifjzpf\/ rnDnmaom bufvu dk af om arwåm ukd xm;awmfrrl/ owå0g a0ae,stm;vkH;tm; &efol rdwfaqG rcGJjcm;bJ u½kPmawmf arwåm awmftjynhfjzifh tnDtrQ xm;cJholjzpfyg\/ jrwf A k ' ¨ \ arwå m w&m;onf pMu0Vm\ae&mwdkif;rSm&Sd\/ tjcm;urÇmrsm; wkdifatmif w&m;a[mjycJhonhf om"ursm;pGm &Sd\/ okH;q,fhwpfbkHwGif b,fbkHukdrQ csefxm; jcif;r&Sd/ i&JbkHonf qkd;&Gm;vGef;onf[lí csef x m;cJ h j cif ; rsKd ; vnf ; r&S d y g/ taetxk d i f ? tajymtqk d ? tBuH t pnf w d k Y u omvQif jrwf A k ' ¨ a[mMum;aom oD v ? orm"d ? ynmwd k Y u k d vk d u f e maqmif & G u f pG r f ; aqmif

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

csuf r sm;uomvQif usef ; rmcsrf ; om ap aMumif ; t"d u tcsuf j zpf y gonf / bk&m;&Sifrsm; yGihfxGef;vmí arwåm &d y f r sm; vT r f ; NcKH & um tyg,f a v;bk H o nf at;Nird ;f okc&í aysmufu, G o f mG ;½d;k vnf; xk;H pH r&Scd yhJ g/ bk&m;&Sirf sm;\ a&SUarSmufrmS yif ajrrsKd cH&olrsm; &SdcJhygonf/ xkdolwdkY\tukodkvfuH ukodkvfuHrsm;uomvQif OD;aqmifoGm;rnf jzpfygonf/ y#mpm&D o nf t0wf r uyf b J aomuy&da'0rD;avmifum bk&m;&Sif\ a&SU awmfarSmuf a&mufcyhJ gonf/ bk&m;&Siu f ig\ arwåm&dyfESihf aysmufap[k aysmufapq&m vkyfcJhonfr[kwfyg/ yg&rDÓPf tEkt&ihfukd Munhu f m xko d \ l p½ku d Ef iS fh udu k n f rD nhu f r®|mef; w&m;ukd a[majymNyD;aemuf w&m;emonhf yk*¾KdvfbufrSvnf; cE¨mukd ÓPfrsufpdjzihf tpOf w pk d u f BuKd ; pm;½I r S w f u m vk d & mc&D ; NyD;ajrmufapí at;csrf;jcif;odkY a&mufap cJhjcif; jzpfonf/ xkdYaMumihf txufazmfjyyg pmwef; rsK;d onf tm;uk;d avmufaom pGr;f aqmifrrI sK;d ukd pmrsuf E S m 32 rS rl v taem"d o ? Mo"d o arwå m yd k Y j cif ; (48)yg;jzih f a ygif ; ygu (528)yg;aom arwå m yk d Y e nf ; &&S d r nf j zpf y gonf / txufazmfjyyg arwåmyGm;enf;rSm y#dorÇd'gr*fygVdawmfvm arwåmyGm;enf;jzpfNyD; tvGefxif&Sm; vlodrsm;aomenf;jzpfygonf/ ¤if;enf;tjyif awmrSD&[ef;wdkYtm; taMumif; jyKí jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif a[mMum;aomarwåm okwfygVdawmfvm oAÁo*F[duarwåm? 'ku bm0emarwå m ? wd u bm0emarwå m ydkYoenf; jzihfvnf; ydkYoEkdifygonf/ arwåmESifh ywfoufí tm;xkwaf om yk*¾KdvfwGif tZÑmo,"mwfcHtrsKd;rsKd;&SdMu&m tcsKdU taem"do? tcsKdU Mo"do? tcsKdU t&yf rsuEf mS rSwí f yGm;rS ÓPfxifvif;wwfNy;D tcsKUd oAÁo*F[duarwåm? tcsKdU 'kuarwåm? tcsKdU wduarwåm bm0emrsm;yGm;rS ÓPfxifvif; wwfojzifh bk&m;&Sifonf yk*¾vZÑmo,ESihf udu k n f rD nhef nf;jzihf tm;xkwEf idk Mf updrahf omiSm arwå m yG m ;enf ; trsKd ; rsKd ; a[mMum;jcif ; jzpf aMumif; rif;uGef;wdyd#uq&mawmfbk&m;BuD; rdefYqkdcJhygonf/ ]]arwåmonf a&mifjyef[yfonf}} vdYk qkdjim;vnf; tcsKdUaomyk*¾Kdvfrsm;u ]]arwåm

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12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 VISION OF THE DHAMMA 12345678901234567890123456789012123456

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