DV22-02 by Thomas Winn

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tjynfjynfqdkif&max&0g max&0g'' Ak'¨omoemjyKwuúodkvf ygarmu©csKy f q&mawmfbk&m;BuD; t*¾r[my@dw? t*¾r[m*E¦0gpuy@dw a'gufwm t&SifeE´rmvmbd0Ho a[mMum;csD ; jr§ i h f a wmf r l t yf a om

jrwfAk'¨a'oemESihf ,aeYurÇm w&m;a'oemawmf (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) obm0w&m;awGudk olYtwkdif;jrifwm trSefwkdif;jrifwm or®m'óe? rSeu f efww hJ ikd ;f jrif&r,f? qdyk gpdYk tbd"r®mobm0w&m;awGu 'gudk&Sif;jywm? 'goHo&m0#fu vGwfzdkYtwGuf vrf;aMumif;yJ/ ig&,f ol&,fqdkwm wu,fqef;ppfMunhfvdkuf&if r&Sdbl;/ ½kyfemrf ESpfrsdK;om &Sdw,f/ tMurf; zsif;ajymr,fqdk&if vlrSm ½kyfcE¨mudk,fBuD;&Sdw,f? pdwf&Sdw,f/ tJ'DESpfck aygif;pyfNyD;awmh vIyf&Sm;jzpfay:aew,f/ body and mind ayhg? tJ'D ESpfckpvHk;[m qdkif&mqdkif&mtaMumif;udk tajccH NyD;awmh jzpf&wm/ body qdkwJh ½kyfw&m;[m wpfckxJr[kwfbl;? tpkta0;aygif;pyfxm;vdkYjzpf aewm/ mind qdkwJhemrfw&m;[mvJ wpfckxJr[kwfbl;/ pkaygif;NyD;awmh jzpfay:aewJht&mwpfckjzpfw,f/ ½kyef eYJ mrf 'DEpS cf [ k m tjyeftvSeq f ufo, G Nf y;D awmh vlawG[m vIyf&Sm;rIjzpfvmNyD; a,musfm;oP²mef? rdef;roP²mef? owå0goP²mef 'Dvdkxifjrifae&w,f/ xifjrifae&onhftwGufaMumifh igvdkYxifw,f? olwdkYxifw,f? a,musfm;vdkYxifw,f? rdef;rvdkYxifw,f/ a[m'D txif tjrif a wG [ m wu,f x if w J h t wk d i f ; [k w f & J U vm;/ tod Ó Pf E S i h f MunhfvkdufvdkY&Sd&if wu,fxifwJhtwkdif; r[kwfygbl;/ ½kyw f &m;[m ½kyw f &m;oufouf jzpfygw,f/ ]ig} vdYk ajymp&m r&Sdygbl;/ emrfw&m;[m emrfw&m;oufoufrQjzpfygw,fvdkY igvdkYajym p&mr&Sdygbl;/ ½kyfESihfemrf ESpfckcGJxm;vkdufr,fqdkvdkY&Sd&if vIyf&Sm;rIwdkY ajymqdkrIwdkY 'gawG[m tukefvHk;&yfoGm;rSmjzpfygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk ½kyfESifhemrfudkcGJjcm;NyD;awmh odjrifvmwm[m emr½ly y&dapä'ÓPf (Analytical Knowledge of Mind and Matter) vdkY ac:w,f/ tJ'D todÓPfudk tbd"r®mavhvmjcif;jzihf &Edkifw,f? xkdrS wqihf vufawGU0dyóemusihfpOfwpfckudk usihfoHk;jcif;jzihf vlqdkwm wu,fu tac:ta0:ynwf (Concept) t,ltqwpf&yfomjzpfw,f/ wu,f u awmh tao;pd w f w pf c k p D c G J j cm;Munh f v d k u f r ,f q d k v d k Y & S d & if vlqdkwm r&Sdawmhbl;/ ½kyfw&m;? emrfw&m;oufoufrQomjzpfw,fvdkY a[m'DvdkjrifoGm;wm[m ]or®m'óe} rSefuefwJhtjrifvdkYac:ygw,f/ ]0dok'¨dr*f} rSm ]emr½lygeH ,mxm0'óeH 'd|d0dok'¨demr} emrf½kyfawGudk olYt&Sdtwkdif; jrifwm[m ]'d|d0dok'¨d}? rSefuefwJh jzLpifwJh tjrifvYkd ac:ygw,f/ tJ'jD zLpifwt hJ jrif rSeu f efwt hJ jrifukd tajccHvu kd f vd k Y & S d & if 'D ½ k y f w &m; emrf w &m;awG [ m bmaMumih f j zpf w ,f q d k w J h taMumif;w&m;awGudk odjrifwJh ]ypö, y&d*¾[} ÓPfawGjzpfvmr,f/

]emr½ly y&dapä'ÓPf} ESihf ]ypö,y&d*¾[ÓPf} ESpfck tajccHNyD;awmh qufNy;D vufawGUusio fh ;kH oGm;Edik rf ,fq&kd if rNrw J o hJ bm0awG tpOfxm0& ajymif;vJaewJhobm0awG ]ocFg&w&m;} awG&JU 'DrwnfNrJwJh tm;udk; p&mr&SdwJh tajctaersdK;awGudk jrifvmvdkY&Sd&if ckeajymwJh (Attachment) vdkYac:wJh wG,fwmrI[m avsmhusvmrSmjzpfygw,f/ wG,fwmrIawG avsmhusvmwmeJYwpfNydKifeuf worry qdkwJh aomuawGvnf; avsmhusvmrSmjzpfygw,f/ aomuawG avsmhusvm wmeJw Y pfNyKd ief uf pdwcf sr;f omNy;D Nird ;f csr;f wJo h bm0av;[m jyefNy;D awmh ay:vmrSmyg/ tJawmh jrwfpmG bk&m;ud, k af wmfjrwfBu;D 'kw, d ydik ;f rSma[mwJh oHo&m0#frS vGwfajrmuf&mvrf;qdkwm 0dyóemusihfpOfjzihf ]]rZÑdry#d y'g}} vdkYac:wJh (Right Understanding) eJY rSefrSefuefuefem;vnfjcif; yJ/ xdk rSefrSefuefuefem;vnfjcif;qdkwJhtajctaeudk&atmif rSefrSefuef uef pOf;pm;wwfjcif;qdw k hJ ]or®mouFy}Ü (Right thought)? ]or®m0g,mr} rSefrSefuefuef enf;vrf;wus pepfwus BudK;yrf;tm;xkwfjcif; (Right Yk c:wJh rSeu f efpmG owd&rI (Right Mindfulness)? effort)? ]or®mowd} vda ]or®morm"d} vdkYac:wJh tm½HkwpfckxJtay:rSm rSefuefwJhenf;vrf;jzihf pl;pdkufjcif; (Right Concentration)? 'Dr*¾ifig;rsdK; OD;aqmifNyD;awmh vkyfoGm;vdkY&Sd&if rSefuefpGmodjcif; (Right Understanding) qdkwm ay:vmrSmjzpfygw,f/ xdkrSefuefpGmodjcif; (Right Understanding) uomvQif oHo&mxJrSmjzpfapwwfwJh udavomqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awG? uHudk support vkyfaewJh udavomqdkwJh taMumif;w&m;awG? 'gawGudk z,f&Sm;ypfEdkifrSmjzpfygw,f/ ]udavom} qdkwJh tqdk;w&m;awG z,f&Sm;ypfvdkufjcif;jzihf aumif;uH qd;k uH qdw k mawG[mvnf;yJ tusKd ;ay;Edik af wmhrmS r[kwaf wmh ygbl;/ xdkuHawG tm;vHk;tusdK;ray;Edkifawmhbl;qdkvkdY&Sd&if aemufqHk; taMumif;w&m;awGjywfoGm;NyD; 'ku©awG[m tukefvHk;csKyfNidrf;NyD;awmh &yfqkdif;oGm;rSmjzpfygw,f/ 'gudkyJ xm0&Nidrf;wJh tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefvdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;u 'kwd,ydkif;rSma[mwmyg/ oHo&mxJrSm ae&if; csrf;omokcudk&EdkifwJh enf;vrf;awG? aemufqHk;rSm xdkcsrf;om&w,fqdkawmif ]tdkjcif;? emjcif;? aojcif;} qdkwJh 'kua© wGu rvGwEf idk b f ;l / tJ'D ]tdjk cif;? emjcif;? aojcif;} qdw k hJ 'kua© wGrS vGwaf jrmufaMumif;jzpfwhJ ]r*¾i&f pS yf g;} tusiw hf &m;udk usio fh ;kH rSomvQif

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/

Ak'*¨ w D u d m q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) O*¾ a oe 0w¬ K Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfonf &mZN*dK[fjynf a0VK0efausmif;awmfü aeawmfrlaomtcg &mZ N*Kd [jf ynfü qGr;f cHvn S v fh nfawmfr&l mwGif O*¾ a oeuRrf ; orm;onf jynf o l w d k Y t m; tHzh , G u f kd jytH[ h k tawmifajcmufq,f jrihrf m; aom 0g;rS aumif;uifodkY ckefí wpfq,hfav; Bud r f u Rrf ; xd k ; NyD ; rS 0g;xuf ü wnf o nf u d k jrifawmf rlí xdkuRrf;orm;tm; w&m;a[m jcif;iSm ]]rkÍö yka& rkÍö ypäawm}} paom *gxm ud k a[mawmf r l o nf / O*¾ a oeonf t&[wåzv kd üf wnfí {[dbu d K© &[ef;jzpfav \/

crossing to the father shore of existence with mind released from everything do not again undergo birth and deeay .

rkÍö yka& rkÍö ypäawm raZÑ rkÍö b0ó yg&*l? oAÁw¬ 0drkwårmeaom? e yke ZmwdZ&H Oay[dod/ jrefrmuAsm jzpfNyD;jzpfvwf em*wf cE¨m? jzpfqJrSmvJ tpGJwPSm? y,fcGmvGwfajrmuf urf;a&mufNyD;cg? cE¨mig; pGJrSm;pdwfawGuGm/ oaE¨uif; tdkjcif;ra&muf&m/ Let go the past, let go the future, let go the present (front, back and middle);

avmurSm&SdwJh jyóemrsdK;pHk vHk;0csKyfNidrf;NyD; vGwfajrmufrSmjzpfw,fqdk wJhtaMumif;udk tm;vHk;aomAk'¨bmom0if olawmfpifwdkYonf jrwfAk'¨ a'oemESifh ,aeYurÇmtusKd ;jyKEikd yf kH rSwo f m;Ny;D awmh Ak'j¨ rwfpmG a[mMum; awmfro l nhf w&m;awmftwkid ;f vku d ef musio fh ;kH Edik Mf u ygapukeo f wnf;/ om"k . ..om"k . ..om"k y gbk & m; ..........

b0wefzdk; t&,l Ä twdwfudkawG;? raqG;aveJY? twdwfqdkwm jyefrvmbl;/ Ä tem*wfrSef;q? rvGrf;weJY? tem*wfqdkwm? raocsmbl;/ Ä ypöKyÜefrSm? vkyfoifh&m0,f? ynmvHkYv? toHk;csvsuf? Ä b0wefzdk;? tm;rmefudk;í? jrwfEdk;MunfjzL? t&,lavmh/ SEIZE LIFE'S VALUE DON'T REGRET THE PAST, THE PAST HAS GONE. DON'T LONG FOR THE FUTURE FUTURE IS NOT SURE. SEIZE THE VALUE OF LIFE, ENERGETICALLYAND FONDLY, WITH KNOWLEDGE AND EFFORT, DOING WHAT SHOULD BE DONE AT PRESENT.

pum;ajy/ / twdwf cE¨mü wPSmudk pG e f Y v T w f a vmh / tem*wf c E¨ m ü wPS m ud k pGev Yf w T f avmh/ (umr? ½ly? t½ly? qdt k yfaom) b0oHk;yg;\ urf;wpfbufodkY a&mufonfjzpf í tvHk;pHkaom cE¨mig;yg; ocFww&m;wdkYü wyfrufpGJrSm; wPSmw&m;udk pGefYvTwfaom pdwf&Sdonfjzpfí wzef y#doaE¨aejcif; tdkjcif; odkY ruyfa&mufavvihf/

pd w f N id r f ; csrf ; rI À

twG,f&SdorQ pdwfaomu rkcs &Sdvdrhfrnf/ wG,fwmuif;rS pdwfaomu vH;k 0uif;Edik o f nf/ aomurvTrf; pdwfNidrf;csrf; wufvrS ;f edAmÁ efjynf/

MIND IN PEACE Where there is attachment, There is worry. When attachment ceases, Worry absolutely ceases. Mind will be in peace, If freed from worries. This is attainment of Nibbana.

&mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf &J&ifhwnfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0ukd &ifqkdifvsuf atmifjrifpGmjzwfoef;EkdifMuzkdY "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

om;wdo Yk cif awmbk&if rk H & G m aeZm (u) jcaoh F o nf tajcav;acsmif ; &S d owå0gwdkYwGif tjrwfqkH;jzpf\/ t&J&ihfqkH; vnf;jzpf\/ odkYaMumihfyif oD[&mZm? awm ok;H axmifudk tpk;d &aom auo&mZmjcaohrF if; [lívnf;aumif;? om;wdkYaoXfeif; jcaoFhrif; [lívnf;aumif; *kPfjyKac:a0:Muavonf/ ]]&[ef;wdYk om;wdaYk oXfeif; jcaohrF if; onf ncsrf;tcsdefü rdrdae&mrSxGufí xuf 0ef;usift&yfav;rsufESmwdkYukd apmif;iJhMunhf½I um uGefYjrL;pHy,fvsuf okH;Budrfa[mufNyD;vQif usufpm;&ef xGufcGmoGm;av\/ &[ef;wdkY jcaoFhrif;\a[mufoHukdMum;aom wd&pämef owå 0 gwd k Y o nf trsm;tm;jzih f aMumuf & G H U xdwfvefYMuukef\/ wGif;aeowå0gwkdYonf wGif;xJodkY ajy;0ifoGm;Muukef\/ a&aeowå0gwdkYonf a&xJoYkd ikyv f QK;d oGm;Muuke\ f / awmaeowå0g wkdYonf awmxJodkY ajy;0ifoGm;Muukef\/ iSuf wdkYonf aumif;uifodkY ysHwufum ysHoef;oGm; Muukef\/ rif;aejynf? NrKUd ? &Gm? ed*;Hk wdüYk NrNJ rcH ikd cf hH aom om;a&BuKd;rsm;jzihf csnfaESmifxm;aom rif;pD;qifwdkYonfvnf; aMumuf&GHUMuojzihf aESmifBuKd;jywfxGufatmif ½kef;Muukef\/ xkdrQ ru aMumufveft Y m;Bu;D ojzihf usiBf u;D usiif ,f rsm;yifxGufum OD;wnf&modkYxGufajy;Muukef \/ &[ef;wdkY þOyrmuJhodkYyif- vlewfOD;ckduf ylaZmftxl;ukd cH,lawmfrlxkduf aom? (t&[H*kPfawmf) - opömw&m;? aO,s"Hw&m;? "r®w&m;tvkH;pkH ukd tukefrusef oAÁnKwa&TÓPfawmfjrwf jzihf uk, d af wmfwikd x f ;dk xGi;f í odjrifawmfral om? (or®morÁK'¨*kPfawmf) - 0dZÆmokH;yg;? 0dZÆm&Spfyg;? p&Pw&m;wpfq,fh ig;yg;wdEYk iS fh jynfph aHk wmfral om? (0dZmÆ p&PorÁ'¨ *kwfawmf) - aumif;aompum;uko d m qkad wmfrw l wfaom aumif;aomvm;&m&Sad wmfral om?(ok*awm*kPaf wmf) - umr? ½ly? t½ly wpfenf; owå? ocFg&? Moumo wnf;[laom avmuok;H yg;ukd tukef tpif odjrifawmfral om? (avmu0d"*l P k af wmf) - vl M urf ; ? ewf M urf ; ? wd & pä m ef M urf ; wd k Y u k d

,Ofaus;atmif qkH;r&mwGif twkr&Sdaom a,musfm;jrwfjzpfawmfrlaom? (tEkwåa&m yk&do'r®om&xd*kPfawmf) - vl? ewf? jA[®m owå0gtaygif;wdkY\q&m ocif j zpf a wmf r l a om (owå m a'0rEk o me *k P f a wmf ) 'k u © ? ork ' ,? ed a &m"? r*¾wnf;[laom opömav;yg;w&m;jrwfukd ukd,fawmfwkdifvnf; odjrif? a0ae,sowå0g taygif;wdkYtm;vnf; odjrifxif&Sm;atmif a[mMum;jyoawmfrlaom? (Ak'¨*kPfawmf) - £ó&d,? "r®? ,o? od&D? umr? y,wårnf bkef;awmfajcmufvDwdkYESihf pkHnDpGm jynhfpkHawmf rlaom...(b*0g*kPfawmf) þ*k P f a wmf j rwf B uD ; uk d ; yg;wd k Y E S i h f jynhfpkHawmfrlonhf rkedxGwfxm; oAÁnKjrwfpGm bk&m;onfvnf; avmuü xif&mS ;pGmxGe;f ay: vmay\/ ok H ; avmuxG w f x m; xk d j rwf p G m bk & m;onf - þum; xif&Sm;&Sdaom cE¨mig;yg; ]ouúm, w&m;} wnf;/ ('ku©opöm) - þum; ouúm,jzpfaMumif; ]ouú,ork', w&m;} wnf;/ (ork',opöm) - þum; ouúm,csKyf&m ]ouúm,eda&m" w&m;} wnf;/ (eda&m"opöm) - þum; ouú m ,csKyf & mod k Y a&muf & S d a p aMumif; tusihfaumif; tusifhrSef r*¾if&Spfwef ]ouúm,eda&m"*grdeD y#dy'gw&m;} wnf;/ (r*¾opöm) [lí opömav;yg; jrwfw&m;ukd a[mMum;awmfrl\/ (c) vlwdkYonf rdrdwdkY&&Sdxm;aom cHpm; okH;aqmifzG,f&m umr*kPfw&m;rsm;ü toD; oD;arGUavsmfaysmfyg;íom aeavh&SdMuay\/ umr*kPrf S xGuaf jrmufa&; umrmeH tm'De0umr*kPftm½kHwkdYrS vGwfajrmufa&; avmu edó&Pudpörsm;ukd arhxm;Muavonf/ qif vnf; qihftxGm? qdwfvnf; qdwftxGmqkd ouJhodkY ypönf;Opömrsm;onf enf;onfr[l? wyfrufpGJvef;rIt&mü wlnDMuavonf/ Opöm "e ayg<u,f0um rsm;rsm;&SdaomolwdkYuvnf; ckHrifwG,fwmMuonf/ Opöm"etenf;i,frQ &Sad om r<u,f0 rcsr;f omolwu Ykd vnf; rdrw d iG f &Sdaom Opömukd wG,fwmMuonfyif/ aygufwl;wpfvufrQom&Sdaom vl

wpfa,mufuvnf; ol\aygufwl;uav;ukd rpGecYf mG Ekid cf /hJ aygufw;l oHa,mZOfaMumihf &[ef; rjyKEkdifcJh/ tBudrfBudrftcgcg pGefYvTwfypfaom tcgusrmS om atmifjrifr&I &So d mG ;cJzh ;l avonf/ e*Fvrax&f[k ac:wGifcJhyg\/ ("r®y'? e*Fv rax&f) (*) ]]&[ef;wdYk touf&n S jf cif;? tqif;vS jcif; paom rsm;aomcsrf;omjcif;wdkYESihfvnf; jynhfpkH\/ jrihfrm;aom aumif;rGefaom a&TbkH AdrmefwdkYü ESpfumv&Snfvsm;pGm ewfpnf;pdrf? jA[®mpnf;pdrfwdkYukd cHpm;pHpm;aeMuaom ewf? jA[®mwdkYonfvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;\w&m;awmf ukd Mum;em&aomtcg aMumuf&GHUxdwfvefYMu ukef\/ wkefvIyfMuukef\/ igwdkYonf rNrJaompnf;pdrfcsrf;om rsm;ukd Nro J nf? ckid o f nf[k xifMuuke\ f ? igwd\ Yk uk, d cf E¨monfyif rNr?J qif;&J? uk, d yf ikd rf [kwMf u ukef/ igwdkYonf trSeftm;jzihf rNrJol? rckdifol? rwnfwo hH rl sm;jzpfMuNy;D ]ouúm,} ü tusK;H 0if olrsm;jzpfMuavuke\ f } [lí aMumuf&UHG Muukef \/ xdwfvefYMuukef\/ wkefYvIyfMuukef\/ &[ef;wdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ewfESihf wuGaom avmutay:ü þrQwefc;dk awaZmf tmEkabmfBuD;jrwfvSygayonf [k a[mMum; awmfrl\/ (pwkuúedygwf? t*kFwåKd&f? oD[okwf ukd tajccHí a&;om;ylaZmfygonf) ]jcaoFhpdwftvm;? edrdwfxm;í? bk&m;jrwfpGm? a'oemukd? aocsmñTwfEl;? tm½kHjrL;vsuf? &Sdckd; wifvwf? usihfokH;tyfaywum;/ earm or® m orÁ K '¨ ó rk H & G m aeZm

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

Ak'¨bmom0if o&P*Hk &S i f Ó P(zsmyH k )

,wf? q,fyg;aom w&m;awmfjrwfudk? o&PH o&PH= £wd=udk;uG,fvJavsmif; ykef;atmif; rSDcdk&m[lí? *pämrd= ,HkMunfodrSwf qnf;uyf o&P*Hkqdkwm ]o&P*re} qdkwJh yg\/} ygVdu qif;oufvmwmjzpfaMumif; txuf (*) ]oHCH =okyÜ#dyEéwm tp&Sdaom rSmajymcJhNyD;ygNyD? tckajymrSmu Ak'¨bmom0if udk;jzmaom *kPfawmfwdkYESihf jynhfpHkawmfrlaom tjzpf o&P*Hk cH,al qmufwnf&yHt k aMumif;jzpf oHCmawmfjrwftaygif;udk? o&PH-£wd-udk; ygw,f/ Ak'¨bmom0ifjzpfvdkol[m.... uG,fvJavsmif; ykef;atmif;rSDcdk&m[lí? *pämrd= (u) ]Ak'¨H o&PH *pämrd? "r®H o&PH ,HkMunfodrSwf qnf;uyfyg\} wJh *pämrd? oHCH o&PH *pämrd/} 'gud k jref r m pum;eJ Y & S i f ; atmif (c) ]'k w d , rd Ü Ak ' ¨ H o &PH *pä m rd ? ajym&&if a wmh jrwf p G m bk & m;ud k ud k ; uG , f 'kwd,rdÜ "r®Ho&PH *pämrd? 'kwd,rdÜ oHCH o& vJ a vsmif ; yk e f ; atmif ; rS D c d k & mtjzpf PH *pämrd/} ,HkMunfodrSwf qnf;uyfygw,f/ (*) wwd,rdÜ Ak'¨H o&PH *pämrd? r*f z d k v f e d A Á m ef "r® u © e f y&d , wf wwd,rdÜ "r®Ho&PH *pämrd? wwd,rdÜ oHCH q,f y g;aom w&m;awmf j rwf u d k ud k ; uG , f o&PH *pämrd/} vdkY o&P*Hk oHk;yg;udk qif;wk vJ a vsmif ; yk e f ; atmif ; rS D c d k & mtjzpf ½kyfyGm; bk&m;apwDxHrSmjzpfap &[ef;wpfyg; ,HkMunfodrSwf qnf; uyfygw,f/ yg;xHrSmjzpfap yDyDoo &GwfqdkNyD; o&P*Hk ]ok y Ü # d y Eé w m tp&S d a om ud k ; jzm aqmuf w nf & ygw,f / tJ ' D v d k &G w f q d k aom *kPfawmfwdkYeJY jynhfpHkawmfrlwJh oHCm aqmufwnfMuwJh o& P*Hk oHk;yg;&JU teuf awmf j rwf t aygif ; ud k ? ud k ; uG , f v J a vsmif ; t"dyÜg,fuawmh... ykef;atmif;rDScdk&mtjzpf? ,HkMunfodrSwf qnf; (u) ]Ak'H¨- jrwfpGmbk&m;udk? o&PH uyfygw,f} vdkY 0efcHuwdjyKMuwmygyJ? tJ'Dvdk -o&PH £wd= udk;uG,fvJavsmif; ykef;atmif; o&P*Hk ok;H yg;udk cH,al qmufwnfvu kd Mf ur,f rSDcdk&m[lí? *pämrd= ,HkMunfodrSwf qnf;uyf qdk&if vlBuD;yJjzpfjzpf? uav;yJjzpfjzpf? Ak'¨&JU yg\/} Mo0g'cH w ynh f ? Ak ' ¨ b mom0if j zpf o G m ;ygNyD ? (c) ]"r®H =r*fzdkvfedAÁmef "r®u©ef y&d 'gayr,fb h &k m;&Si&f UJ *kPaf wmf (9)yg;taMumif;

w&m;awmf & J U *k P f a wmf (6)yg;taMumif ; ? oHCmawmfwdkY&JU *kPfawmf (9)yg;taMumif; udak wmh od&o dS abmaygufxm;MuzdYk vdyk g w,f/ bk & m;*k P f a wmf (9)yg; bk & m;&S i f & J U *k P f a wmf u d k ; yg; t"dyÜg,fu (1) ud a vomrS a0;uG m jcif ; ? udavom&efoludk owfwwfjcif;? oHo&m vnfywfjcif;udk zsufqD;wwfjcif;? tylaZmfcH xdkufjcif;? qdwfuG,f&mt&yfrSm raumif;rIudk rjyKjcif;= t&[H*kPfawmf/ (2) w&m;tvH k ; pH k u d k q&mr&S d b J yg&rDpGrf;tm;eJY rdrdudk,fwdkif tvdkvdk rSefuef or®morÁK'¨*kPfawmf/ pGmodawmfrljcif; =or® (3) 0dZmÆ todÓPf? p&P=tusiw fh Ykd eJY jynfhpHkjcif;= 0dZÆm p&P orÜEé*kPfawmf/ (4) edAmÁ efoYkd aumif;pGm<uoGm;awmfrl wwfjcif;? aumif;pGma[majymawmfrw l wfjcif;? ok * w*k P f a wmf / (5) owåavmu= owå0g? Moum oavmu- owå0gwdkY&JU wnfae&m? ocFg& avmu-t&mtm;vHk;wdkY&JU jzpfysufrI paom avmuoHk;yg;? taMumif;udk aumif;pGmodawmf rljcif; = avmu0d'l*kPfawmf/ (6) r,Ofaus;ol? qHk;rxdkufolwdkYudk ,Ofaus;odrfarGUoGm;atmif qHk;rawmfrlwwf tEkwåa&m yk&do 'r®om&xd*kPfawm jcif;=tEk wmf/ (7) vlewfjA[®m taygif;wdkY&JU q&m ow¬ m a'0 rEk ó me*k P f jzpf a wmf r l j cif ; -ow¬ awm awmf (8) ork',opöm? 'ku©opöm? r*¾ opöm? eda&m"opöm[laom opömav;yg; trSef w&m;ud k aumif ; pG m od a wmf r l j cif ; - Ak ' ¨ *k P f a wmf / (9) ]bk e f ; } awmf a jcmuf y g;eJ Y jynfhpHkawmf rljcif; = b*0g*kPfawmf pwJh *k P f a wmf ud k ; yg; u bk & m;&S i f & J U yuwd *kPfawmfrsm;yJjzpfyg w,f/ w&m;*k P f a wmf (6)yg; bk & m;&S i f a [mMum;awmf r l c J h w J h w&m;awmfrsm;rSmvnf; *kPfawmfawG&Sdygw,f *kPfawmfuawmh (6)yg;yg...

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G;? bmomra&G;? avmuom;tm;vkH;twGufjzpfonf/

(1) bk&m;&Sifaumif;pGma[mMum; oGmu©mw*kPfawmf / awmfrlxm;jcif;-oG (2) usih f B uH t m;xk w f o l w d k Y rsufarSmufxifxif udk,fwdkif½IjrifEkdifonfh pGrf;tm;&Sdjcif;= oEéd|du*kPfawmf/ (3) 0dyóem½IyGm;aeol a,m*Dtm; r*fw&m;NyD;vQif zdkvfudk rsufarSmufjyKaom w&m;onf tcsdefrqdkif;bJ jzpfay:Ekdifjcif;= tumvd u *k P f a wmf / (4) w&m;awmf E S i h f ywf o uf N yD ; ]vmavmh vuf a wG U usif h a vmh } [k &J & J 0 H h 0 H h {[dyódu*kPfawmf/ zdwfac:cHEkdifjcif; ={[d (5) rdrdoEÅmefrSm tpOftNrJ uyfí aqmifxm;xdu k af om =Moyae,su d *kPaf wmf/ (6) r*f? zdkvf? edAÁmef=w&m;t&om udk t&d,molawmfaumif;wdkY vufawGU cHpm; Ek d i f j cif ; = ypö w å H a 0'd w AÁ * k P f a wm wmf [ l w J h *k P f a wmf ajcmuf y g;[m w&m;awmf & J U *kPfawmfajcmuf yg;ygyJ/ oH C mh * k P f a wmf (9)yg; bk&m;&JU wynhfom; oHCmawmfrsm; rSmvnf; *kPaf wmfu;kd yg;xdu k af wmfrMl uygw,f/ oHCmawmfrsm;&JU *kPfawmf (9)yg; qdkwmu awmh (1) aumif;aomtusi&fh jdS cif;= oky#Ü d yEé * k P f a wmf . .. (2) ajzmih f r wf p G m usih f B uH j cif ; = OZkyÜ#dyEé *kPfawmf ... (3) edAÁmefa&mufa&;twGuf usihfBuH wwfjcif;= Ó,yÜ#dyEé*kPfawmf ... (4) avmukwå&m? w&m;ESihftnD usihfjcif;= omrdpdyÜ#dyEé*kPfawm wmf... (5) ta0;uaqmif , l v maom ypö n f ; ud k c H , l x d k u f j cif ; = tm[k a e,s *k P f a wm wmf (6){nhfonftwGuftxl; pDrHxm;aom ypönf;udkyif tvSLcHxdkufjcif;= yg[k a e,s *k P f a wmf (7) aumif;rGejf rihjf rwfaom tvSLudk 'ud © a P,s*k P f a wmf cH,lxdkufjcif;='ud (8) vuftkyfcsDrdk;&Sdcdk;jcif;udk cH,l xdkufjcif;= tÍövDu&PD,s*kPfawmf (9) vltaygif;wdkY\ 'gersKd;aphudk pdkufysKd;BuJcs&m v,f,majraumi;fozG,fjzpf tEk w å & H y k n au© w å H avmuó*k P f jcif ; =tEk awm awmf[lwJh*kPfawmfudk;yg;[m oHCmawmfrsm; rS m xd k u f w J h * k P f a wmf a wG y J jzpf y gw,f / Ak'¨bmom 0ifrSeforQ[m txufuajymcJhwJh

&wemoHk;yg; wdkY&JU *kPfawmf (24)yg; t"dyÜg,f ud k od & S d a tmif aocsmpG m avh v mqnf ; yl ; rSwo f m;MuNy;D &wemoH;k yg;wd&Yk UJ *kPu f , kd MkH unf wwfMuzdkYvdk ygw,f/ ,H k M unf r I q d k w m o'¨gqdkwJh ygVdpum;u jrefrmvdk ,HMk unfrv I t Ykd "dwyf gÜ ,f&ygw,f/ 'D,MkH unfrq I kd wJhpum; ywfoufNyD; bk&m;u b,fvdkrsm; rdefYMum;awmfrlygovJqdk&if... ]]Ak'¨g 'Dok o'¨ [wDwd o'¨g}} ]]"r®m 'Dok o'¨ [wDwd o'¨g}} ]]oHCm 'Dok o'¨ [wDwd o'¨g}} ]]Ak'¨g'Dokp=bk&m;ponfwdkY üvnf;aumif;? "r®m 'Dokp=w&m;ponfwdkYü vnf;aumif;? oHCm'Dokp=oHCmponfwdkYü vnf ; aumif ; ? o'¨ [ wd - ,H k M unf w wf \ ? £wdwo®m=xdkYaMumifh? o'¨g=,HkMunfrIrnf\}} vdYk rdeMYf um;awmfrcl yhJ gw,f/ qdv k w kd hJ oabmu awmh bk&m;? w&m;? oHCm [lw&hJ wemjrwfo;kH yg;udk ,HkMunfwm[m ,HkMunfrIaygY? tJ'Dvkd ,HkMunfMuwJhae&mrSmvnf;yJ bk&m;u.../ ]]Aka'¨ ta0pö yoma'e orÜEém *awm a[mwd}} = bk&m;&JU t&[Htp&SdwJh *k P f a wmf ud k ; yg;ud k rwk e f r vI y f ouf 0 if ,HkMunfrI&Sd&r,f}} ]]"ar® ta0pö yoma'e orÜEém *awm a[mwd= w&m;awmf&UJ oGm0u©mw wm tp&SdwJh *kPfawmfajcmufyg;udk rwkefrvIyf ouf0if,HkMunfrI&Sd&r,f..}} ]]oHaC ta0pö yoma'e orÜEém *awm a[mwd= oHCmawmf&JU okyÜ#dyEéwm tp&Sw d hJ *kPaf wmfu;kd yg;udk rwkerf vIyf ouf0if ,HkMunfrI&Sd&r,f}} vdkY ,HkMunfrIeJY ywfoufNyD; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; rdefYMum;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ tJ'gaMumihf bk&m;? w&m;? oHCm &wemjrwfoHk;yg;udk ,HkMunfMuwJh ae&mrSm yk*¾dKvfudkr[kwfbJ *kPfawmfawGudk rwkefrvIyf ouf0if,HkMunf&rSmomjzpfaMumif; od&Sdxm; MuzdkYvdkygw,f/ 'gayr,fh bk&m;rdefYawmfrlwJh twdkif; &wemoHk;yg;wdkY&JU *kPfawmfawGudk o'¨gorÜwdå=,HkMunfrI o'¨gw&m;eJY jynhfpHkzdkYqdk wmuawmh ykxkZOfwdkYe,fy,frSm tvGef w&m cufcJygvdrfhr,f? bmaMumihfvnf; qdkawmh ykxkZOfwdkY&JU pdwfu wkefvIyfwwfpNrJrdkYyg/ aomwmyef r wnf a o;vd k Y u awmh ykxkZOfawG&JU &wemjrwfoHk;yg;tay: ,HkMunf rI[mavsmh&JoGm;wwfovdk? ysufjy,fEkdifwJh oabmvnf;&Sdygw,f/ aomwmyefwnfoGm;

NyD;jzpfwJh yk*¾dKvfrsm;&JU ,HkMunfrI o'¨gw&m;u awmh b,ftajctaeb,fb0rsKd;eJYyJawGUBuHK ae&ygap? rysuf p D ; Ek d i f y gbl ; ? bmjzpf v d k Y aomwmyefwdkY&JU o'¨gw&m;u rysufEkdifbl;vdkY ajym&ygovJqdk&if aomwmyefyk*¾KdvfawG&JU ,HkMunfrIu &wemjrwfoHk;yg;&JU *kPfawmfawG udk t<uif;rJh ,HkMunfrIjzpfw,f? ig;yg;oDv apmihx f ed ;f w,f? 'Dt h jyif okw? pm*? ynm? [D&?d MowåyÜ pwJhw&m;rsm;eJYvnf; jynhfpHkaewmrdkY aomwmyefyk*¾dKvfawG&JU ,HkMunfrIu rysufpD; EkdifaMumif; ajym&wmyg/ ykxZk OfawG&UJ ,HMk unfru I awmh yom 'o'¨grsKd; tm;BuD;aewmaMumihf avsmh&JwJh oabm&SdwmrdkY rcdkifrmygbl;? ysufjy,fwwf ygw,f/ 'Dpum;eJY ywfoufNyD; pmzwfolrsm; oabmaygufatmif &Sifom&dykwå&m rax&f eJY ol&Y UJ ykxZk Of'g,umwpfO;D taMumif; tusO;f csKyfNyD;ajymjycsifygw,f/ tcgwpfyg;rSm t&Sif om&dykwå&mrax&fudk olY&JU 'g,umwpfOD;u ouFef;oHk;pHkvSLr,fvdkY &nf&G,fNyD; yihfygw,f? t&Sio f m&fyd w k &å mrax&fvnf; 'g,um&JU o'¨g w&m;eJY apwemudkcsD;ajr§mufvdkwmaMumihf vdkufygawmfrloGm;wmaygY/ t&Sifom&dykwå&mrax&fu a&S U aqmif N yD ; <uw,f ? 'g,umuawmh aemufuaygY? oGm;&wJhc&D;u v,f,majrudk jzwf o ef ; NyD ; <u&wm? wpf a e&mta&muf a&ajrmif;i,fudkawGUawmh t&Sifom&dykwå&m rax&f u a&ajrmif ; ud k c k e f a usmf N yD ; ul;vdkufw,f? t&Sifom&dykwå&m&JU tjyKtrludk aemufuyg vmwJh 'g,umjrifvdkuf&awmh ,H k M unf r I a &mh oG m ;um td r f & muf & if ouFef;ESpfpHkyJ vSLawmhr,fvdkY pdwful;ajymif; oG m ;w,f ? 'D v d k e J Y q&mwynh f E S p f a ,muf a&S U quf a vQmuf & if ; a&ajrmif ; i,f wpfckudkawGU&jyefawmh t&Sif om&dykwå&m rax&fuvnf; a&SUenf;twkdif;yJ a&ajrmif; i,fudk ckefausmfNyD;ul;vdkufjyefw,f/ tJ ' D t cgrS m vnf ; ouF e f ; vS L r,f h 'g,umu ouFef;ESpfpHkrvSLawmhbl;? ouFef; wpfpHkyJ vSLawmhr,fvdkY pdwful;ajymif;oGm;jyef ygw,f/ 'DvdkeJY a&ajrmif;i,fudkausmfNyD;aemuf q&mwynh f E S p f a ,muf c&D ; quf c J h M u&m wpfae&ma&mufjyefawmh ckeaf usmNf y;D ul;&r,fh a&ajrmif;i,fwpfcu k kd awGU&jyefw,f? 'gayr,fh 'D a &ajrmif ; i,f u d k a wmh t&S i f o m&d y k w å & m rax&fu a&SUuajrmif;awGvkd ckeaf usmNf y;D rul; awmhbJ a&ajrmif;xJqif;avQmufNyD; ul;vdkuf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ w,f? tJ'Dtcg aemufuygvmwJh 'g,umu ]t&Sifbk&m; a&SUuajrmif;awGwkef; uawmh ckefausmfumul;NyD; tck'Da&ajrmif;us awmh bmjzpfvdkY a&xJqif;ul;&wmvJ bk&m;} vd k Y a r;avQmuf v d k u f w ,f ? tJ ' D t cgrS m t&Sifom&dykwå&mrax&fjrwfu ][Jh 'g,um 'Da&ajrmif;yg igckef ausmful;vdkuf&if oifigYudk vSLp&m ouFef; wpfpakH wmifuserf mS r[kwaf wmhb;l } vdYk jyefvnf rdefYMum;vdkufygowJh? t&Sifom&dykwå&mrax&f u ouFe;f vSLr,fh 'g,um&JUpdwrf mS tvSLcHr,fh yk*¾dKvf&JU tjyKtrl toGm;tvm udk,fae[ef xm;ud k M unh f N yD ; ,H k M unf r I ,k w f a vsmh u m apwem 'geawG wGeq Yf w k af ewmudk odvYkd owd ay;wJhoabmeJY rdefYMum;vdkufawmhrS 'g,um uvnf; rlv&nf&, G rf eS ;f xm;wJt h wdik ;f ouFe;f oHk;pHkvSL'gef;ygw,fwJh/ t&Sifom&dykwå&mrax&fqdkwm Ak'¨ omoemrS m xif & S m ;wJ h t*¾ o m0 &[EÅmt&Sifjrwfwpfyg;jzpfvdkY a&S;acwfu Ak'¨ bmom0ifawGa&m? ed*@wuúwGef;awG a&m tck a cwf Ak ' ¨ b mom0if a wG a &m tm;vH k ; odMuygw,f/ 'DavmufausmfMum;xif&Sm;wJh a*gwrAk'¨&JU t*¾om0u &[EÅm t&Sifjrwf wpfyg;udak wmif MunfnKd vYkd ,HMk unfvYdk ouFe;f oHk;pHkvSLr,fqdkwJh apwemeJY vmyihfoGm;NyD; vrf;c&D;rSma&ajrmif;i,fudk ckefausmful;wm jrif&wmav;eJY wpfcgwnf; ykxkZOf'g,um&JU pdwfrSm oHCmtay: ,HkMunfrI avsmh&JoGm;NyD; ouFe;f oH;k pHv k LS r,fqw kd hJ apwem 'gersK;d awmif wGefYqkwfoGm;ao;wmqdkawmh 'Dacwf orÜKwd &[ef;awG&JUtay:rSm 'Dacwf ÓP0dyÜ,kwf Ak'¨bmom0if rsKd;qufvli,fawG&JU ÓPorÜ ,kwf Ak'b ¨ mom0ifvBl u;D ydik ;f awG ,HMk unfav; pm;rI avsmh&JaewmawGudkvnf; Ak'¨bmom0if awGudkvnf; tjypfqdkvdkY r&ygbl;? t,HkMunf cH&r,fh yk*¾dKvfawGtydkif;u Ak'¨&JU 0de, "r®eJY tnD usihfoHk;aexdkifrI avsmh&Jvmwmudkvnf; xnhfoGif;pOf;pm;&ygvdrhfr,f/ ÓPorÜ,w k ?f Ak'b ¨ mom0if Oygo um? wpfcsKdU Oygoum usihf0wfcsKdU,Gif;aeMu wmvnf ; &S d y gw,f ? 'D v d k ol w d k Y b maMumih f csKUd ,Gi;f aeMuwmvnf;qdak wmh ]wdu Yk Oygoum qdak yr,fh ygVdpmayvnf;wwfuRr;f w,f? w&m; vnf;jyEkdifw,f? w&m;pmvnf; a&;Ekdifw,f? olwdkYu 0denf;odu©myk'fawmfeJYtnD &[ef;jzpf wmawmhrSefw,f? 'gayr,fh wdkYvdk pmayusrf; *ef rwwfbl;} vdkY t,ltrSwfrSm;NyD; bk&m;

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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TALKS ABOUT THE TRUESTORY "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/

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tvS L yrmPud k od v d k y g\ &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;onf 'um? 'umrwdkY\ o'¨ga',s,HkMunfojzihf ay;vSLtyfaom ypönf;av;yg;udk tNrJrSDaeMu&ygonf/ tvSLcHoHk;pGJ&mü tusKd;&Sdatmif oHk;&\/ yrmPtwdkif; twmudkvnf; od&\/ xdkYtwl tvSLcH&müvnf; tvdkenf;&\/ yrmPtwdkif; twmudkvnf; odMu&\/ 'um? 'umrxHü tvSLcH&mwGif (1) 'g,um\ tajctae (2) ypönf;0w¬K\ tajctae? (3) rdrd\ tajctae/ þoHk;rsKd;jzihf csihfcsdefwGufq twdkif;twm yrmPudkMunhfí omtvSLcH&\/ 1/ vSLzG,f0w¬K ypönf;rsm;pGm &Sdaeapumrl ydkif&Sif'umu enf; enf;om vSLvdkyHk&ygvQif 'umudkiJhí enf;enf;om tvSLcH&\/ 2/ 'umu o'¨gaumif;í rsm;rsm; vSLvdak omfvnf; 0w¬Kypön;f u enf;aeygvQif (qif;&Jom;jzpfaeygvQi)f 0w¬Kypön;f udk iJí h enf;enf;om tvSLcH&\/ 3/ 'umuvnf; rsm;rsm;vSLvd\ k / 0w¬Kypön;f uvnf; aygaygrsm; rsm;&Sdaeyg\/ odkY&mwGif tvSLcHyk*¾dKvfu rdrdwdkYü oHk;pGJavmuf½Hkom tvSLcH,l&onf/

,if;odkY yrmPodí vSL'gef;jcif;? tvSLcHjcif;rsKd;wdkYom tusdK;BuD;rm;pGmay;&m\/ o'¨geJYypönf;tajctaeudk rMunhfí tvSLcH,lygu tusKd; enf;wwfpGm\/ bk & m;&S i f v uf x uf a wmf t cgu uyd v 0wf N rd K Uom; aomwmyef oydwfzkwform;onf edaj*m"m½Hkausmif;wdkuf oHCmawmf rsm;tm; oydwftvkd&Sdu tvSLcHyg&ef zdwfrefxm;&m &[ef;rsm;u tvdkufrod tvSLcHMuojzihf a&mif;zdkY0,fzdkY oydwfudk tvsifrDatmif rzkwfEkdifjzpfNyD;? rSDcdkaeMuol rdom;pktm;vHk; pm;0wfaea&; rajyrvnf jzpfum qif;&Jusyfwnf;cJhMu&zl;\/ aomwmyefjzpfípdwq f if;&Jjcif; o'¨gysujf cif;? rawmf rw&m; pD;yGm;&Smjcif;? cdk;,ljcif;ponf r&SdcJhayr,fh ykxkZOfqdkygvQif xdef;odrf; &ef cufvS\/ oli,fcsif; &[ef;onf 'um\ tajctae? ypönf;tajc tae? rdrdoHk;pGJzdkY tajctaewdkYudk csihfcsdefwGufq yrmPudk rMunhfol jzpf \ / r,fawmfBu;D \ tajctae yrmPudk Munh&f ygvQif vufvyk ?f vufpm; ulvDorm;b0jzpfyg\/ ulvDorm;b0qdkawmhvnf; wpfaeY vkyfrS wpfaeYpm;&wJhtjzpfrsKd;jzpfojzihf qif;&Jae\/ oli,fcsi;f &[ef;oH;k aewmuvnf; olaX;om;vdk aiGukd a&vdk oHk;aeyg\/ oHk;½HkrQqdk awmfygao;\/ jzKef;aeavawmh ydkí qdk;&\/ r,fawmfBuD;um; om;&[ef;omoemawmfrSm aysmfí tusihf aumif;wJh &[ef;rsKd;jzpfvdk\/ tarbufu raxmufyHhvdkY rjynhfpHkvdkY omoemawmfrSm raysmfbl;rjzpf&avatmif ulvDvkyfc &orQ rdrdu acRwmoH;k Ny;D ay;ydaYk xmufyahH eyg\/ 'gudv k nf; oli,fcsi;f &[ef;rodav pG/ om;&[ef;onf tb,frQyif twdkif;twmyrmPudk rodí oH;k jzKe;f aeapumrl r,fawmfBu;D uawmh tNyKH ;rysuf trJrh yg o'¨g arwåm tjynhfeJY ay;ykdYtm;jznhfvsufyg/ om;&[ef;u oHk;jzKef;avav r,fawmfBuD; ukef;usHK;&SmazG avav? om;&[ef;u toH;k tjzKe;f rysu?f r,fawmfBu;D u tydrYk ysuyf g/ tJ'g tarh&JU arwåmawGyg/ oli,fcsif;&[ef;\ toHk;tjzKef;rsm;vGef;NyD; twdkif;twm yrmPtajctaeawG rodraI Mumihf ypön;f av;yg; &[ef;'umrsm;vnf; ypfNy;D ajy;oGm;wJh &[ef;jzpfomG ;&onf/ ypön;f av;yg; &[ef;'um vnf; ypfNyD; ajy;oGm;wm jrefvdkY odkYr[kwfvQif ypönf;tao; trTm; awmif rusefzdkYaocsmyg\/ &[ef;awmfrsm;onf 'um 'umrwdkYu jyKvkyfaom ½dkao jcif;? av;pm;jcif;? vSL'gef;jcif; ylaZmfjcif;rsm;ESifh xdkufwefatmif wHkYjyef

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"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

jcif;tm;jzihf usihfBuHyGm;rsm; w&m;tm;xkwf&m\/ ]]'g,dumeH r[yævbm0 u&aume yd@mypm,ewm}} 'um 'umrwd\ Yk aumif;rIuo k v kd u f kd tusK;d Bu;D atmif jyKvyk af y;aomtm;jzihf qGrf;wHkYjyefay;jcif;[kvm&Sd&m w&m;udk BudK;BudK;pm;pm; tm;xkwfjcif; w&m;a[majymay;jcif;yifjzpfygonf/ bk&m;&Sifonf tóyk& &Gmol &Gmom;rsm;ukd bk&m; w&m; oHCm&wemoH;k yg;ü MunfnKd ykH xufoefvo S jzihf &[ef;wdt Yk m; qGr;f wHYk jyefay;jcif;tm;jzihf w&m;tm;xkwfBudK;pm;&ef txl;owday; a[mMum; cJhygonf/ tar tazwdkY vSLwJhqGrf;jzpfap? tjcm;'g,um 'g,dumrwdkY vSLwJhqGrf;jzpfap trIrJhtrSwfrJh pm;vdkYrjzpf tvSL&Sif'um 'umrwdkY tusKd;pD;yGm;csrf;omrsm;atmif tNrJwap owduyfNyD; apmihfa&Smuf&\/ aus;Zl;wHkYjyef&m\/ arwåmyGm;rsm;jcif; w&m;usihfBuHtm;xkwfjcif; r&SdygyJvsuf ypönf;av;yg; oHk;aqmifaeygrl wpfaeYus jyefqyf&rnfh a<u;,ljcif;rsKd; omjzpfyg\/ arwåmay;ydkYjcif;? owdy|mefw&m;jzihf ½IrSwfjcif; ponfwdkYjzifh ypön;f av;yg; oH;k aqmifygu vufiif;aiGacs pepfrsK;d jzpfí tvSL&Sirf sm; vnf; tusKd;BuD;rm; ESpfOD;ESpfbuf Nidrf;csrf;rnfjzpfyg\/ oli,fcsif;&[ef;um; r,fawmfBuD;vnf; tusKd;BuD;rm; rdrd vnf; tusKd;&Sdrnfhta&; olum;rawG;rqifjcifrdygacs/ tu,fíom tarvSLwJh ypönf;av;yg;udk pepfwus oHk;NyD; arwåmbm0emESihf ½IrSwfrIawGeJYom oHk;aqmifygu bk&m;om"kac: trsm;om"kac: aumif;rItmEkabmfBuD;rm;rnfjzpfyg\/ oli,fcsif;&[ef;udk r,fawmfBuD;[m BudK;pm;yrf;pm; pGefYpm; NyD;uyf&wJh ]taruyfwJh qGrf;wpfeyf} udk pma&;ol pOf;pm;oHk;oyf Munhfrdonf/ om;&[ef;tar[m qGrf;wpfeyfuyf&mwGif omrntjrif tm;jzihf qGrf;wpfyGJ yJwpfcGuf&,fvdkY a&wGufvdkYvnf; &Ekdifygonf/ 'DqGrf;wpfyGJ yJwpfcGuf[m bmrS wefzdk;rBuD;Ekdif[k trsm;u ,lqEkdifMu ygonf/ odaYk omfvnf; taruyfwq hJ rG ;f wpfeyf&UJ wefz;kd um; rjzwfEidk f yg/ rsujf rifqrG ;f wpfeyf&UJ ypön;f 0w¬Kukd pm&if;jyKí wefz;kd jzwfu jzwfEidk f yg\/ taruyfwJhqGrf;wpfeyftwGif; xnfhoGif;ygvmaom rdcif wpfO;D &JU arwåmapwemwd&Yk UJ wefz;kd twdik ;f twmudk wdik ;f p&mr&Sd EdiI ;f p&m r&Sdatmif jzpfaeyg\/ r,fawmfBuD;onf om;&[ef; rarQmfvifhbJ a&mufvmcsdefu pí qGrf;wpfeyfuyfEkdifa&; pOf;pm;awG;aepOfuwnf;u apwem qGrf; awG ra&rwGufEdkifatmif rsm;avNyD/

om;&[ef;twGuf toufpGefYBudK;yrf; rEGrf;aomrsufESmeJY wpfnvHk; rtdyfrae pyg;&dwf pyg;axmif; yJaygif;qGrf;csufu rusef r,fawmfBuD;&JU udk,fpdwfwdkYrSm ,dkzdwfjzpfay:aewJh apwem qGrf;awG udkvnf; udef;*Pef;eJY a&wGufvdkYr&yg/ r,fawmfBuD;&JU pdwfrSmjzpfay:vmwJh apwemawG[mvnf; ]]ausmufMum;avMum;u qif;vmwJh a&onf at;jrMunfouJhodkY}} arwåm o'¨gwdkYrS aygufzGm;vmwJh apwemjzpfvdkY at;jr Munfvifaeyg \/ jzLpifaeyg\/ ppfrSefaeyg\/ xdkuJhodkY arwåmo'¨gwdkYrS aygufzGm;jzpfay:vmwJh apwemjzihf vSL'gef;aom qGrf;rsKd;udk olawmfaumif;BuD;rsm; tNrJjrwfEdk;awmfrlMu onf/ arwåm o'¨groGif;? avmbruif; arQmfvifhjcif;rsm;jzihf vSL'gef; onfh qGrf;rsKd;udk jrwfEdk;awmfrrlMuacs/ tarpdwfqkdwm ppfrSefwJh arwåmyg/ tarpdwfarG;olwdkif;[m arwåmudef;aeMuolawGyg/ tarpdwf[m igaumif;pm;a&;? csrf;om a&;rygacs/ om;aumif;pm;csrf;oma&; trsm;aumif;pm; csrf;oma&; omjzpfygonf/ o'¨gqdw k m &wemoH;k yg;ESiu fh H uH\tusK;d wdu Yk kd ,HMk unfaewm yg/ &wemoH;k yg;ESifh uHu\ H tusK;d wku Yd kd ,HMk unfaewJt h cg MunfvifwhJ pdwfyg/ tJ'grS ,HkMunfcsufppfrSefyg\/ þuJo h Ykd tarpdwf arwåmrsK;d ,HMk unfcsuf o'¨grsK;d wdrYk S jzpfvm wJhapwemjzihf vSL'gef;aom qGrf;onfrsKd;aphrSef tyifoefzdkY&eftwGuf a&? ajr? aewdkYjynhfpHkaejcif;jzpfyg\/ a&? ajr? aewdkY taxmuftyHh aumif;ygvQif rsKd;aphtyif &SifoefxGm;BudKif; tudkif;tcuf tzl;tyGihf toD;oD;wdkY a0qm jzpfxGef;vmrnfomjzpfyg\/ r[mrdwåax&fonfyif qif;&Jom; om;trdwdkY\ tarpdwf arwåm o'¨grsKd;wdkYrS jzpfay:vmaom apwemqGrf;udk taMumif;jyKNyD; &[EÅmrax&fjzpfoGm;&jcif;[m a&cH? ajrcH? aeyltrSefwdkY aumif;jcif; aMumihf jzpfyg\/ tvSL&SifwdkY\ qGrf;wpfeyfvnf; tusKd;BuD;jrwfav awmh\/ xdaYk Mumihf taruyfwq hJ rG ;f wpfeyfu wefz;kd Bu;D rm; tusK;d rsm; \/ *kPf,lxdkuf\/ jrihfjrwf\/ ppfrSef\/ jzLpifoefY&Sif;\/ taxmuf tyHhaumif;jzpf\/ ,if;wefz;kd Bu;D rm;aom ]]taruyfwq hJ rG ;f wpfeyfukd pm;oH;k Ny;D tusihfjrwfjzihf tusKd;BuD;rm; wefzdk;rsm;udk rjzpfapbJ wm0efBuD;rm; udk,fusKd;enf;oGm;&wmrsKd;um; &[ef;wdkYrSm rjzpfoihfyg/ odkYjzpfí taruyfwJhqGrf;wpfeyfudk tusihfjrwfjzihf ½IrSwf pm;wwfygvQif rdrd&[ef;vnf; tusKd;BuD;rm; r*fzdkvfvm;&NyD; qGrf;wpf eyfuyfwJh tarvnf; wefzdk;BuD;rm; tusKd;rsm;rnfjzpfí qGrf;wpfeyf aus;Zl; tarhaus;Zl; txl;ay;qyfvdkufjcif;jzpfyg\/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / )

SPECIAL COVER FETURE "r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/ rsuf E S m zk H ; rS t quf

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xGufay:ívmygonf/ &rPD,m0w ]]&rPD m0w= arGUavsmfzG,faumif;aom nygwum;}} tbd½lyg0w ]]tbd g0w= tvGefYtvGef vSyaom nygwum;}} 'óeD,m 0w ]]'óeD 0w= ½IzG,faumif;aom nygwum;}} ygom'dum0w ]]ygom'd m0w= Munfvif&Tef;yaom nygwum;}} vu©nm 0w= 0w arhr&Ekdifaom nygwum;}} ]]vu© rnfodkYqdkap nD;ap tZmwowfrif;onf qD;ESif;jrLwdrf ol&ed rf ;D cd;k npfrsK;d ig;0 uif;pifyonfh vGepf mG MunfE;l om,mzG,af umif; onfh wefaqmifrkef;vjynhfn\ tvStyudk rcHpm;EkdifyJ tdyfpufr&Edkif atmif jzpfaeygonf/ tdyí f raysmaf om a&m*ga0'em pGu J yfaeonfrmS MumNyDjzpfygonf/ ,if;a0'emudk ukpm;&if; rSL;rwfrsm;\ tBuHjyKcsuft& wwd¬q&mBuD;ajcmufa,mufwdkYxHoGm;a&mufNyD; &[ef;jyKjcif;\ tusKd; (omrnzv) ESihfpyfí pHkprf;ar;jref;&m auseyfavmufzG,f tajzudk r&&SdcJhyg/ xdpk Ofu tZmwowfrif; awGUqHak r;jref;cJah om xdyo f ;D wdw¬d q&mBu;D ajcmufa,mufwEYkd iS fh ¤if;wd\ Yk t,l0g'rsm;rSm þodjYk zpfyg onf/ (1) yl&P uóy uóy= tu&d,0g' trSm;BuD;udk ,loljzpfonf/ taMumif ; ]]uH } } w&m;ud k y ,f o nf / ]]bmrQ rjyK& rvkyf&aom 0g'orm;}} jzpfonf/ (2) tZdwauourÁv= ewd¬u0g' trSm;BuD;udk ,loljzpf onf/ tusKd; ]]0dygu}} ukdy,f\/ ]]r&Sd0g'orm;}} jzpf\/ (3) ru©vd a*gomv =ta[wku0g' trSm;BuD;udk ,lol jzpfonf/ uHESihf uH\tusKd;udk NydKifwly,f\/ ]]aMumif; usKd;rJh0g' orm;}} jzpf\/ (4) yuk"upöm ,e ,e- tu#0g' trSm;BuD;udk ,loljzpfonf/ jyKjcif;cHpm;jcif;r&Sd? tvdkltavsmufjzpfonf[k ,lq\/ ]]rjyKrjyif 0g' orm;}} jzpf\/ (5) oÍö , aAv|yk w å - tr&m0d a cy0g' trS m ;BuD ; ud k ,loljzpf onf/ ar;onfudkrajzyJ a&SmifvTJajzwwf\/ ]]ra&r&m 0g'orm;}} jzpf\/ (6) ed*@em# ykwå- pmwk,mr oH0&0g' trSm;BuD;udk ,lol jzpfonf/ apmihfpnf;rIav;rsKd;jzihf uHoHk;yg;udk xdef;xm; \/ ,if;q&m BuD;udk tdEd´,EkdifiHü Zde (*sde) [kac:\/ *sde- *sdef;bmomjzihf ,aeY wdkifatmif xif&Sm;aeqJjzpf onf/ jrwf p G m bk & m;xH o d k Y a &muf y grS aemufqHk;wGif orm;awmfBuD; ZD0u\ tBuHay;csuft& &mZN*dK[fNrdKUteD; ZD0u vSLxm;aom o&ufO,smOfawmfü oDwif;oHk; awmfrlvsuf&Sdaom jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY oGm;a&mufNyD; avQmufxm;aom tcgrS olodvdkaom &[ef;jyKjcif;tusKd; (omrnzv) udk od&SD&ygawmh onf/ tZmwowf r if ; \ vH k N cH K a&; xdw k efaqmifrek ;f vjynhn f ü tZmwowfrif; jrwfpmG bk&m;xH awmfodkY tzl;tajrmfoGm;aomtcg tZmwowfrif;\ vHkNcHKa&;udk orm;awmfBuD;ZD0uu vHk;0wm0ef,lí pepfwus pDpOfay;&ygonf/ bk&iftZmwowf\ teD;tyg;ü a,musfm;udk,f&Hawmf[lí wpfOD;wpfa,mufrQ rxm;&SdapbJ teD;uyfudk,f&Hawmfrsm;tjzpf trsKd;

SPECIAL COVER FETURE

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

orD;udk,f&Hawmfrsm;udk ppfonfol&Ja,musfm;rsm;toGif 0wfqifapNyD; vdkufygaponf/ c&D;pOfü yg0ifvmonfh qifr,Ofom 500 wdkYtay:üvnf; oufawmfapmihfrsm;tjzpf trsKd;orD;ppfonf 500 udk vdkufygapmihf a&Smufapí jrwfpGmbk&m;ausmif;awmfodkY pepfwus oGm;a&mufMuyg onf/ wef a qmif q D r D ; tp bk&ihfeef;awmfrSonf ZD0uo&ufO,smOfawmf bk&m;ausmif; awmfqDodkYoGm;Muonfhtcg eef;NrdKU½dk;ta&SUbufwHcg;rS xGufMu&í ¤if;ta&SUbuft&yf&Sd awmif&dyfawm&dyf opfyif&dyfrsm;atmufrSoGm; Mu&onfjzpfí va&mifrxdk; tarSmifzHk;aeojzihf vdkufygvmMuolrsm; tm;vHk;vdkvdkwdkYonf vrf;c&D;om,mpGmjrifEkdifMuap&ef rD;½SLK;rD;wdkif ud, k pf u D ikd u f m xGe;f ndo § mG ;Muygonf/ xdak cwfu rD;½SLK;rD;wdik u f kd ayg&mP tac:ta0:tm;jzihf wefaqmif[k ac:a0:ygonf/ wef a qmif w d k i f r D ; xG e f ; yG J tZmwowfrif;ESihf ta`cGt&Hy&dowfBuD; xdkwefaqmifrkef; vjynhfaeYnü rD;½SL;rD;wdkifwefaqmifwdkifrsm; xGef;nd§udkifaqmifNyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;xHawmfodkY oGm;a&mufcJhzl;onfhxHk; ESvHk;rlí ,ckxufwdkif wefaqmifwdkifrD;xGef;yGJawmfBuD;udk qif,ifusif;yaeMujcif;jzpfygonf/ &wemoH k ; yg; tMunf n d K qH k ; {w'*f tZmwowfrif;onf jrwfpmG bk&m;ociftxHawmfrS omrn zvokwfw&m;a'oemawmfudk emMum;&onfhtcsdefrSpíAk'ömoem awmfudk ouf0if,HkMunfvmNyD;aemuf ykxkZOfrsm;teufrS &wemoHk;yg; udk tMunfndKqHk;{w'*f& yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;jzpfvmcJhygonf/ 0d Z d w m0D y apö u Ak ' ¨ g tavmif ; tZmwowfrif;onf omrnzvokww f &m;awmfukd Mum;em &ojzihf olusL;vGerf ad omtjypfukd ukpm;Ekid cf ahJ omaMumihf tjypfBu;D av; aom r[mt0Dpdi&JwGif rusrcH&awmhbJ tjypfaygYaom avm[ukrÇD i&Jüom usa&mufíaemifaomtcgwGif ]]0dZdwm0D}} rnfaom yapöu Ak ' ¨ g jzpf í uRwf w rf ; 0if & vd r f h r nf [ k Ak ' ¨ 0 if o rd k i f ; qd k i f & m pmay taxmuftxm;rsm;u qdkrdefYygonf/ Ak ' ¨ b mom0if w d k i f ; twG u f tZmwowf a us;Zl ; tZmwowfrif;onf Ak'ömoem0if bmom0ifjzpfvmNyD; onh f a emuf yxro*F g ,emwif 'g,umtjzpf cH , l j cif ; ? jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\ o&D&"mwfawmfrsm;udk pkaqmif;odrf;qnf;í "mwf awmfwdkufBuD;wnfaxmifcJhjcif;? Ak'ömoemawmfESpfudk twdtus owfrw S cf jhJ cif;wnf;[laom omoemawmfordik ;f 0if omoemjyK vkyif ef; BuD;oHk;&yfudk vkyfaqmifcJhonfrSm ,ckacwftxd Ak'¨bmom0ifrsm; twGuf aus;Zl;BuD;rm;vSygonf/ ygVdyd#uwfawmfrsm;udk rysufpD;&atmif o*Fg,emtquf quf wifawmfrMl uí ,aeYxufwikd af tmif xde;f odr;f xm;&SEd idk Mf ujcif;rSm tZmwowfrif;\ aus;Zl;[k qdkxkdufygonf/ tZmwowfrif; pkaqmif;xm;&SdcJhaom jrwfpGmbk&m;&SifESihf wuG t*¾om0ur[mom0uBu;D rsm;\ "mwfawmfrsm;aMumifh oD&"d r®m aomurif;BuD;onf apwDaygif; &Spfaomif;av;axmif wnfxm;í omoemjyKEidk cf o hJ nfjzpfaomaMumifh aESmif;acwfA'k b ¨ mom0ifwYkd zl;ajrmf ylaZmfcGihf&&Sdaejcif;jzpfygonf/

omoemES p f toH k ; cscG i h f uREykf w f Ykd jrefrmEkid if aH wmftygt0if Ak'b ¨ mom0if taygif;wdYk omoemawmf E S p f u d k twd t us oH k ; pG J c G i h f &&S d a eMuonf r S m vnf ; tZmwowfrif;\ aus;Zl;? omrnzvokwfawmf\ tusKd;quf[k qdk xdu k yf gonf/ omrnzvok w f ü a[mawmf r l t yf a om &[ef ; \ 'd | "r® t usd K ;w&m; (18) yg; (1) rif;ESifhwuG vlwdkY\ t½dktaojyKjcif;udk cH,l&jcif; (2) oDvESifhjynhfpHkjcif;/ (3) £aÈúdk apmifhpnf;&jcif;/ (4) owdorÜZOftNrJ,SOfjcif;/ (5) ypönf;av;yg;wdkYü a&mifh&Jjcif;/ (6) eD0&Pw&m;qdk;wdkYudk y,f&jcif;/ (7) psmefav;yg;udk &jcif;/ (8) / (9) / (10) / (11- rS 18) 0dyóemÓPf tp&Sdaom ÓPf (8) yg;udk &jcif;/ aygif; (18) yg;/ ('D? 1? yg? 55 rS 80 xd) ÓPf (8) yg; 0d? aem? £'¨d? aom? y&dESihf? ed? pu©K? tm? ÓPf&Spfjzm/ (1) 0d- 0dyóemÓPf/ (2) aem- raemr,d'¨dÓPf/ (3) £'¨d- £'¨d0d"ÓPf/ (4) aom- 'dAÁaomwÓPf/ (5) y&d- apawmy&d,ÓPf/ (6) ed-ykaAÁed0gomEkówdÓPf/ (7) pu©K- 'dAÁpu©KÓPf/ (8) tm- tmo0u©,ÓPf/ aygif; (8) yg;/ omrnzvok w f tusOf ; csH K ;xm;aom o*F [ *gxm owå a wm oD v orÜ a Eé m ? *k w å ' G g a&mp £È´ d a ,/ oawmp orÜ Z maemp? oEÅ K a|m ypö a ,ok p / eD 0 &PyÜ [ maemp? psmevmbD | ÓPd a um? {wmed oEé d | d u med ? omrnó zvmed a 0 (y&d b mef ) *gxmteuf (1) bd u © K &[ef;onf ouúawm vlewfjA[®mwdkY\ t½dktaojyKjcif;udk cH,l&onf a[mwdjzpf\/ £'H- þonfum;? oE´d|duH- rsufarSmufb0 awGUjrif&aom? omrnzvH- omrPawm*kPf jynhfpHkav½dk; &[ef; tjzpf\ tusdK;ygaywnf;/ (2) oD v orÜ a Eé m oDvtmpm&ESihf jynhfpHkonf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ £'HoE´d|duH omrn zvH/ (3) £È´ d a , pu© K paom £aÈ´ w d k Y ü ? *k w å ' G g a&m- yd w f q d k Y c sKyf w nf ;

SPECIAL COVER FETURE AND VISION OF THE DHAMMA "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ apmifhpnf;tyfaom wHcg;&Sdonf? a[mwd/ £'HoEéd|duH omrnzvH/ (4) oawm owdEiS , fh OS v f su?f orÜZmaem- ynmtqifjcifEiS fh jynhpf o kH nf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ £'HoE´d|duH omrnzvH/ (5) ypö a ,ok pm;0wfaea&; aq;0g;av;yg;aomypönf;wdkYü? oEÅKa|mpa&mifh&JrQwEdkifonfvnf;? a[mwd-jzpf\/ £'HoE´d|duH omrnzvH/ (6) eD 0 &PyÜ [ maemp umrpäE´ ponftjym; eD0&Pw&m;wdu Yk kd y,f&mS ;zsuq f ;D onf vnf;? a[mwd-jzpf\/ £'HoE´d|duH omrnzvH/ (7+8+9+10) psmevmbD yxrpsmef? 'kwd,? wwd,? pwkw¬psmef[kqdktyfaom ½lyg 0p&psmefav;yg;udk&onf? a[mwd-jzpf\/ £'HoE´d|duH omrnzvH/ (11 rS 18) t|ÓPd a um/ 0d? aem? £'¨d? aom? y&d? ESihf ed? pu©K tm &SpfjzmaomÓPfwdkY ESi, fh OS o f nf? (0g) jynhpf o kH nf? a[mwd- jzpf\/ £'HoE´|d u d H omrnzvH? {wmed- o½kyfydkif;jcm;? þ (18) yg;wdkYonf? oE´d|dumed- 'd|"r® ckb0ü rkcsraoG awGUjrif&ayukefaom? aomrnó- &[ef;tjzpf\? zvmedtusdK;wdkYonf? a0- pifppfod½Hkjzpfukefay\/ rS w f M uap&m tvuF m (1) t½dktao cH&ay? rSwfavomrn? jrwfzv/ (2) oDvtmp&H? jynfhNzdK;vQH? rSwf&efomrn? jrwfzv/ (3) £a`Ec´ sKyw f nf;? vGeaf pmifph nf;? *kPBf u;D omrn? jrwfzv/ (4) owdorÜZOf? tNrJ,SOf? *kPftifomrn? jrwfzv/ (5) oEÅKXDw&m;? jynhfpHkjim;? rSwfom;omrn? jrwfzv/ (6) eD0&Pw&m;? y,f&jim;? rSwfom;omrn? jrwfzv/ (7? 8? 9? 10) av;yg;psmefawG? &&Sday? rSwfavomrn? jrwfzv/ (11-rS-18) 0d? aem? £'¨d? aom? y&dESifh? ed? pu©K? tm? ÓPf&Spf jzm rSwfygomrn? jrwfzv/ &[ef;tusdK; (18) rsdK;? &½dk;'d|? ckb0/ Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; aemuf a usmzk H ; rS azmfjyyg 1332 ckEpS t f wGi;f üyif &efuek Nf rKd U armfwifvrf; vlysH awmfywåjrm;aq;wdkufydkif&Sif OD;armifarmifrdom;pkwdkYu rEÅav;NrdKU rpd;k &draf usmif;wdu k ?f tbd"Zr[m&|*k½rk pd;k &drq f &mawmf bk&m;Bu;D tm; MumESpfxyfouFef;BuD;udk qufuyfvSL'gef;cJhaMumif;jzihf q&mBuD; OD;at;Ekdif(bD? at) tpdk;&"r®mp&d,jyKpkaom jrefrmh½dk;&m&moDyGJawmf rsm;pmtkyfwGif azmfjyxm;ygonf/ ES p f x yf y 'k r ® m MumouF e f ; BuD ; xdkESpfxyfMumouFef;BuD;rSmvnf; y'kr®mMumyifrS MumrQifrsm; ud k csnf r Qif o zG , f z ef w D ; &uf v k y f a om MumouF e f ; yif j zpf o nf / ¤if;ouFef;\ tvsm; teH? yrmPESihf ta&miftqif;wdkYrSm yuwd csnx f nfouFe;f twdik ;f twm yrmPuJo h yYkd ifjzpfonf/ odaYk omf yuwd ydwfom; csnfxnfouFef;avmufrav;vSay/ wefaqmifrkef;v&moDrSm uxdefouFef;? rodk;ouFef;? yHhokul ouFef;rsm; uyfvSLMuaom ouFef;&moDjzpfojzihf ,if;MumouFef;udk vnf; rsm;aomtm;jzihf wefaqmifrkef;vwGifyif uyfvSLylaZmfcJhMuay onf/

MumouF e f ; uyf v S L yG J a y:ayguf c J h y H k MumouFe;f uyfvLS yGrJ mS Ak'p¨ mayvm a&S;taMumif;t&mwpfck udk tpGJjyKíay:aygufcJhaom yGJawmfwpf&yfjzpfonf/ þMumouFef; uyfvSLyGJjzifh Ak'¨bmom0ifjrefrmwdkY\ aumif;rIukokdvfudk BuHzefjyKavh &Sdaom ,Ofaus;rI"avhwpf&yfjzpfay:cJh&ayonf/ urÇ m wnf O D ; p tcgumv a&ajrawmawmif ork'´&mpaom Moumoavmu"mwfBuD; jzpfay:vmonfh urÇmOD;umvtcgor,wGif Ak'¨jrwfpGmbk&m;rm&fig; yg;udkatmifjrifawmfrl&m bk&m;jzpfawmfrl&mjzpfaom r[maAm"dyv’if awmfay:xGuf&m ajrt&yfonf a&S;OD;pGmay:vmonf/ urÇmysufonfh tcsdefüvnf; ,if;r[maAm"dukef;ae&monf aemufqHk;rSysufonf[k qdyk gonf/ urÇ m h y k A Á e d r d w f y 'k r ® m Mum½H k B uD ; xdkyv’ifawmfwnf&majrt&yfwGif urÇmhykAÁedrdwftjzpfjzihf y'kr®mMum½Hkwpf½Hkaygufvmonf/ tu,fí xdkMum½HkwGif Mumyef; ryGihf vQif bk&m;qdwfokOf;rnfh bk&m;ryGihfrnfh oknurÇm[kvnf;aumif;? Mumyef;yGihfvQif bk&m;yGihfrnfh toknurÇm[kvnf;aumif; odMu&\/ xdkurÇmOD; Mumyef;yGihfcJhaomf ,if;MumyGihftoD;oD;ü ouFef;paom y&du©&m&Spfyg; wpfpHkpDyg&Sdonfqdkonf/ xdkurÇmwnfOD; Mum½HkBuD;wGif (1) Mumyef;wpfyGihf&SdvQif bk&m;wpfqlyGihfrnfh om&urÇm/ (2) ESpfyGihf&SdvQif bk&m;ESpfqlyGihfrnfh r@urÇm/ (3) oHk;yGihf&SdvQif bk&m;oHk;qlyGihfrnfh 0&urÇm/ (4) av;yGihf&SdvQif bk&m;av;qlyGihfrnfh om&r@urÇm/ (5) ig;yGihf&SdvQif bk&m;ig;qlyGihfrnfh b'´urÇm[lí od&SdMu&ygonf/ urÇ m OD ; ryG i h f t ygaom Mum½H k B uD ; þuJhodkY urÇmwnfptcgwGif ok'¨g0gobHkrS jA[®mBuD;wdkYonf urÇmyh Ak eÁ rd w d u f kd Munh½f &I ef r[maAm"dyv’iaf wmfwnf&m XmeodYk a&muf vmMuukef\/ jA[®mBuD;wdkYonf tyGihfrygaom Mum½Hkudk awGUjrifMu& vQif ]]onfurÇmavmuBuD;um; trdkufarSmifBuD;jzpfawmhrnf? tyg,fbHkrsm; pnfum;í ewfjynfjA[®mhjynfwdkY aoGUajcmufawmhrnf}} [k pdwfrcsrf;romjzpfMuavukef\/ tyG i h f y gaom Mum½H k B uD ; ud k j rif M u&vQif tyGihfygaomMum½HkudkawGUjrifMu&vQif ]]bk&m;avmif; y#doaE¨aeaomtcg zGm;jrifawmfrlaomtcg ponfwdkYü pMu0VmwpfckvHk; wkefvIyfjcif;ponfh tHhzG,fbeef;? xl;qef; aom wefcdk;jym#d[mwdkYudk awGUjrif&awmhrnf/ ewfjynf jA[®mhjynfwdkYü pnfum;í tyg,fav;bHkudk ajcmufaoGUMuawmhrnf..}} ok'¨g0gojA[®mBuD;wdkYonf 0rf;yef;wom O'gef;usL;&ihfMuNyD; aemuf jA[®mhjynfodkY jyefMuavonf/ ¤if;wdkYtjyefwGif MumyGihfBuD;ü toihfyg&Sdaom ouFef;y&du©&mtpHkwdkYudkyg ,laqmifoGm;NyD; jA[®mhjynf ü odrf;qnf;xm;Mu\/ þuJhodkYvQif ygVdyd#uwfawmf okwfr[m0g t|uxm? r[my'eokwfESihf tyg'geft|uxm Ak'¨ty'geftzGihfwdkYü jyqdkxm;avonf/ 0uf r qG w f N rd K Upm; e0a';tqd k ]]ay:OD;urÇm vufrGefpGmom;? r*Fvmjrpf? tmPmacwfudk? xpfxpf½dkufusL;? rdk;vHk;jrL;aomf? iHkzl;ñGefYudkuf? raZÑwdkufxuf? ordkuf tjyif? yv’i&f wem? wnf&mawmfcsu?f bkred® ufum;? tysuaf emufao;?

VISION OF THE DHAMMA

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. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI

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THE MAGGANG OR THE MANUAL OF THE CONSTITU by

Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, Ag TRANSLATED into English by U (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) r*¾ i f & S p f y g;ud k cE¨ m 3 yg;zG J U yH k 1/ or®m0gpm? or®mur®EÅ? or®mtmZD0 þr*¾ifoHk;yg;onf oDvu©E¨rnf\/ 2/ or®m0g,mr? or®mowd? or®morm"d þr*¾ifoHk;yg;onf orm"du©E¨rnf\/ 3/ or®m'd|?d or®mouFyÜ þr*¾iEf pS yf g;onf ynmu©Er¨ nf\/ oDv? orm"d? ynm[laom omoemawmfoHk;yg;jzpf\/ oDvu©E¨r*¾if oHk;yg;udk tus,fa0zefonf&Sdaomf tmZD0| ruoDvjzpf\/ jzpfyHkum;ygPmwdygwm a0&rPd? t'dEém'gem a0&rPd? umarok rdpämpm&m a0&rPd þ 3 yg;onf or®mur®EÅr*¾ifaywnf;/ rkom0g'm a0&rPd? ydokP0gpm? a0&rPd z½ko0gpm a0&rPd? oræyv Ü myg a0&rPd þ 4 yg;onf or®m0gpm r*¾iaf ywnf;/ toufarG;aMumif;jzpfaom ygPmwdygw ponfrS MuOfa&Smif jcif;onf or®mtmZD0r*¾ifaywnf;/ þodkYvQif oDvu©E¨r*¾if 3 yg;[lonf tmZD0|ruoDvyif wnf;/ vlwdkY\ ig;yg;oDv? &aohy&dAdkZfwdkY\ 'ooDv? omraPwdkY \ 'ooDvonf¤if;? &[ef;wdkY\ 227 yg;aom odu©myk'fawmfwdkYonf ¤if;? þedpo ö v D rsK;d pkonf tmZD0|ruoDvü tusKH ;0ifuek \ f / vlw\ Ykd t|*F O aygoxoD v ? 'ooD v rsm;onf v nf ; vl w d k Y \ yÍö o D v ? tmZD0|ru oDvay:wGif trTef;wifoDv ta&mifwifoDvaywnf;/ þor®m0gpm? or®mur®E?Å or®mtmZD0[laom oDvu©Er¨ *¾if 3 yg;onf ouúm,'d|d\ wwd,bHkudky,fzsuf&ef w&m;pkaywnf;/ um,'kp½dkuf 3 yg;? 0pD'kp½dkuf av;yg;wdkYudk y,fzsuf&ef w&m;pkqdkvkdonf/ or®m0g,mr? or®mowd? or®morm"d[al om orm"duE© ¨ r*¾if

Forming the Noble Eightfold Path Into Three Groups 1. S1-lakkhandha (Morality- group) comprises. Right Speech, Right Action and Right Livelihood. 2. Sama-dhikkhandha (Concentration- group) comprises Right Effort, Right Mindflness and Right Concentration. 3. Pan-n-a-kkhandha (Wisdom group) comprises Right Understanding and Right Thinking. The three constituents of the Morality-grup when considered in detail, become a-j1-vat.t.hamaka s1-la in the following manner: 1. I will abstain from taking life. 2. I will abstain from stealing. 3. I will abstain from indulging in sexual misconduct and taking intoxicants. These three comprise Right Action. 4. I will abstain from telling lies. 5. I will abstain from setting one person against another. 6. I will abstain from using rude and rough words. 7. I will abstain from talking frivolously. These four com prise Right Speech. 8. Samma- - a-j1-va (Right Livelihood) means livelihood withoud resorting to taking lives, etc. Thus the three constituents of the Morality- group become a-j1-vat.t.hama s1-la. Nicca- s1-la (Permanent Morality), such as laymen's. Five Precepts, the Ten Precepts observed by Isis and paribba-jakas (wandering mendicants), the Ten Precepts observed by sa-maneras and the 227 Rules of Vinaya observed by Bhikkhus are within the domain of a-j1-vat.t.hamaka-s1-la. And laymen's Eight Precepts are nothing but improvements on and polishings of the Five Precepts and a-j1-vat.t.hamaka-s1-la.

. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

uf? usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf

wDq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

m;jyKpkawmfrlaom

*¾*F'. DyeD

GANGA DIPANI OR STITUENTS Of THE NOBLE PATH by

aw, Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt.

h by U Saw Tun Teik, B.A., B.L. 3 yg;onf ouúm,'d|d\ 'kwd,bHkudk y,fzsuf&ef w&m;aywnf;/ raem'kp½dkuf 3 yg;udk y,fzsuf&ef w&m;pkqdkvdkonf/ or®m'd|d? or®mouFyÜ[laom ynmu©E¨r*¾ifESpfyg;onf ouúm,'d|d\ yXrbHkBuD;udk y,fzsuf&ef w&m;pkaywnf;/ owå0gwd\ Yk ud, k cf E¨mwpfcv k ;kH ü terw*¾oo H &mwGif tpOf tNru J ed ;f 0yfíaeaom tEko,bHBk u;D udk y,fzsu&f ef w&m;pkqv kd o kd nf/ oDvu©E¨r*¾if 3 yg; xlaxmifyHk ouúm,'d|d\ tpD;tyGm;jzpfaom raem'kp½dkuf 3 yg; 0pD 'kp½du k f 4 yg;wdu Yk kd y,f&mS ;jcif;iSm oDvu©Er¨ *¾if 3 yg;udk xlaxmif&rnf qdv k o kd nf/ tmZD0|ruoDvudk cH,al qmufwnfí apmihx f ed ;f &rnf qdv k kd onf/ ouúm,'d|d\ tpD;tyGm;jzpfaom um,'kp½dkuf 3 yg;udk y,f&Sm;jcif;iSm orm"du©E¨r*¾if 3 yg;udk xlaxmif&rnf/ tmemyge ur®|mef; tvky?f t|du ur®|mef;tvky?f uodP k ;f ur®|mef;tvkyf? ponfwdkYwGif wpfckckudk wnfaxmifí ,kwfpGmhtqHk; wpfaeY wpfnOft h zdw Yk iG f wpfem&DrQaomfvnf; pdww f nfMunfciG &fh atmif aeYpOfpGJNrJ&rnfqdkvdkonf/ xdkYaemuf ouúm,'d|d\ yXrbHkBuD;udk y,fowfjcif;iSm ynmu©E¨r*¾ifESpfyg;udk xlaxmif&rnf/ (rdrdoEÅmefü&Sdaom ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;wdkYwGif xif&Sm;vSpGmaom wpfckckaom ½kyfw&m;? emrfw&m; ü tedpö½Ienf;udk xlaxmifí toufxufqHk; tcGihfomorQ BudK;pm; tm;xkwfí ½I&rnfqdkvdkonf/) þum; 'd|d\ bHkoHk;ckESihf r*¾ifoHk;rsKd;udk ae&mcsí jyqdkcPf;wnf;/ tmZD 0 |ruoD v cH , l a qmuf w nf y H k a&S;OD;pGm 'd|d\ wwd,bHkBuD;udk y,fzsufjcif;iSm vljzpfaom olwdkYonf tmZD0|ruoDvudk cH,laqmufwnfí vHkNcHKpGmapmihfxdef; ojzihf oDv0dok'd¨ü wnfMuukef&m\/ rdrdwdkY tvdktavsmuf EIwf`rGwf

To destroy the three stages of sakka-yadit.t.hi Right Speech, Right Action and Right Livelihood– the three constituents of the Morality-group–are the dhammas to destroy the thrid stage of Personality-belief. It mean that they are the dhammas to destroy the three evil bodily actions and the four evil verbal actions. Rith Effort, Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration– the three constituents of the Concentration- group- are the dhammas to destroy the second stage of Personality-belief. It means that they are the dhammas to destroy the three evil mental actions. Ritht Understanding and Right Thinking– the two constituents of the Wisdom-group– are the dhammas to destroy the frist stage of Personality-belief. It means that they are the dhammas to destroy the anusaya-bhu- mi which has been lying latent in the life- continua of beings in the beginningless round of rebirths. Hear ends the forming of the Eightfold Path into the three khandhas. How to Establish the Morality-Group of the Eightfold path (Exposition of the Eightfold Path in relation to the stages of dit.t.hi) In order to get rid of the three evil bodily actions and the four evil verbal actions, the three constituents of the Morality- group of the Eightfold Path must be established, meanding thereby that a-j1-vat.t.hamaka-s1-la must be accepted and observed. In order to get rid of the three evil mental actions conditioned by Personality- belief, the three constituents of the Concentration- group of the Eightfold Path must be established, meaning thereby that a-na-pa-na-kammat.t.ha-na (exercises on exhaling and inhaling) atthika-kammatthina(meditation on bones), kasin.a-

. THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI

"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/

í aqmufwnfvQifvnf; NyD;yg\/ EIwf`rGwfí raqmufwnfygaomf vnf; ygPmwdygw tp&Sdaom &Spfyg;aom trIwdkYudk ,aeYrSpí toufxufqHk; vGwfuif;atmif MuOfa&Smifrnf[k "d|mefí MuOfa&Smif vQifvnf; NyD;yg\/ rdrdtvdktavsmuf aqmufwnf&mü oDvawmif; zG,fudpö r&SdNyD/ (1) tZÆwa*¾ ygPkaywH ygPmwdygwm 0d&rmrd/ (2) tZÆwa*¾ ygPkaywH t'dEém'gem 0d&rmrd/ (3) tZÆwa*¾ ygPkaywH umarokrdpämpm&m 0d&rmrd/ (4) tZÆwa*¾ ygPkaywH rkom0g'g 0d&rmrd/ (5) tZÆwa*¾ ygPkaywH ydokPm, 0gpm, 0d&rmrd/ (6) tZÆwa*¾ ygPkaywH z½kom, 0gpm, 0d&rmrd/ (7) tZÆwa*¾ ygPkaywH or®yævmyg 0d&rmrd/ (8) tZÆwa*¾ ygPkaywH rdpämZD0g 0d&rmrd/ t[H? igonf? tZÆwa*¾? ,aeYudktpjyKí ygPkaywH? touf&SnforQ? umvywfvHk;? ygPmwdygwm? olYtoufudk owfjcif; rS? 0d&rmrd? MuOfa&Smifyg\/ t'dEém'gem? t&Sifray;aom olYOpömudk cdk;,ljcif;rS/ umarokrdpämpm&m? ,ZpfrsKd;ig;yg;ESifhwuGaom umarok rdpämpm&rS/ rkom0g'g? r[kwfrrSefaompum;udk ajymqdkjcif;rS/ ydokP0gpm,? olESpfa,mufwdkY\ tMum;ü *Hk;wdkufpum;rsKd; udk ajymqdkjcif;rS/ z½kom, 0gpm,? trsKd;udkxdatmif qdkjcif; tp&Sdaom Murf;wrf;aom pum;udk ajymqdkjcif;rS/ oræyÜvmyg? ypöKyÜeftusKd;? oHo&mtusKd;? avmukwå&m tusKd;wdkYrS vGwfuif;ojzihf Nydefzsif;aompum;rsKd;udk olwpfyg;wdkYtm; t&Snftarsm ajyma[mjcif;rS/ t[H? igonf tZÆwa*¾? í? ygPkaywH? vH;k / rdpmä ZD0g? ,kwrf m arSmufrSm; rw&m;aom toufarG;jcif;rS 0d&rmrd? \/ tv,f odu©myk'fwdkYüvnf; tZÆwa*¾ ygPkaywH 0d&rmrd yk'f wdkYudk toD;oD; xkwfazmfíqdkav/ wpfcg cH,al qmufwnfí xm;vQif rusL;vGeo f rQ umvywf vHk; rysufNyD? usL;vGefrdjyefvQif usL;vGefrdaom odu©myk'fudkom xyfí aqmufwnf&onf/ rusL;vGefrdaom odu©mudkrlum; xyfí aqmuf wnfzG,f r&Sd? xyfí aqmufwnfaomfvnf; tjypfr&Sd? cdkifNrJap&jcif;? tusKd;&Sd\/ wpfaeYwpfcg aeYwdkif; aeYwdkif; aqmufwnfvQifvnf; aumif ; yg\/ þ tmZD 0 |ru oD v rnf o nf ig;yg;oD v uJ h o k Y d edpöoDvrsKd;rnf \/ OykofaeYrSmrS aqmufwnf&aom oDvrsKd;r[kwf? Oyk o f a eY ü Oyk o f a pmih f x d e f ; ol w d k Y r S m OaygoxoD v ud k o m aqmufwnfzG,f&Sd\/ q,fyg;oDvudk tNrJapmihfxdef;&aom omraP? &aoh ? y&d A k d Z f w d k Y o nf ¤if ; 227 yg;aom od u © m yk ' f w d k Y u d k tNrJ a pmih f x d e f ; &aom &[ef ; wd k Y o nf ¤if ; tmZD 0 |ruoD v ud k txl;cH,lzG,fudpör&SdNyD/ tmZD0|ruoDv cH,lyHkudk jyqdkcPf;NyD;\/ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf)

kammat.t.ha-na (exercises on meditation devices) must be practised at least one hour daily, so that steadiness of the mind may be achieved. How to take and Practise Aj1-vat.t.hamaka-S1-la In order to get rid of the third stage of Personality- belief, people should establish themselves in Purification of Virtue by taking, observing and practising a-j1-vat.t.hamaka-s1-la. They can either of their own accord recite it and then observe it, or make up their mind to abstain from contravening the Eight Precepts, such as pa-n.a-tipa-ta (killing living beings) and so forth from that day throughout life, and successfully abstain from them accordingly. If one observes it o one's own accord, there would be no necessity to accept it from a Bhikkhu. It is enough if one makes up one's mind as follows: 1. From today throughout my life. I will abstain from taking life. 2. From today throughout my life. I will abstain from stealing. 3. From today throughout my life. I will abstain from sexual misconduct, as also from the five kinds of intoxicants. 4. From today throughout my life. I will abstain from speaking untruth. 5. From today throughout my life. I will abstain from setting one person against another. 6. From today throughout my life. I will abstain from abusive and rude words affecting the caste and creed, etc., of any person. 7. From today throughout my life. I will abstain from speaking things which are not conducive to the well- being of the beings either in the present life, in the sam. sa-ra, or in the Supramundane Sphere. 8. From today throughout my life, I will abstain from improper livelihood. The kinds of nicca-s1-la (Permanent Morality) Once it has been taken, it remains good till it is violated. Only the precept that is broken should be taken again, but if the one that is not violated is taken again, there would be nothing wrong though there is no necessity to do so. If one precept which has not been violated is taken again, it becomes strengthened thereby. It is better to take the whole of Aj1-vat.t.hamaka-S1-la ev-ery day. Aj1vat.t.hamaka-s1la like pañca-s1-la is a nicca-s1-la (Permanent Morality). It is not be kind of Morality (s1-la) that is taken and observed on uposatha (Fasting) days. Sa-man.eras, Isis and paribba-jakas, who have to observe always the Ten Precepts, and Bhikkhus who have to observe always the 227 Vinaya Rules need not specially take Aj1-vat.t.hamaka-s1-la. This is the end of the explanation as to how A j 1-vat.t.hamaka-s1-la is to be taken (To be continue).

TALKS ABOUT THE OPEN-MINDENESS "r®0D&onf Ak'¨\"r®w&m;awmf tppftrSefxGef;um;jyefhyGm;&efjzpfonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdkY ü t&n0goDawm&yfrSDvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom

r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f a&;om;pD & if a wmf r l a o omm "ar® m 0g'uxm

omoemawmfBu;D \ a&aomufjrpfo;kH oG,f (omoemtyd k i f ; ) ud k , f B ud K if w d k i f ; taumif ; xif oih f j yif r d k u f o l r &S d N yD [lívnf;aumif;? olYoabm olYobm0twdkif; jzpfysufaeygonfudk t&uform;onf rdrdBudKufaomt&ufudk taumif;xifavh wyftyfjrifae&í oabmyJ[lívnf;aumif;/ &Sd\/ rdrdbuf ½IMunhfrd&mrS jzpfaom twnfhjrifrsKd;wdkYum; trSef jynhfwefqmronf rdrdtrltusihfudk taumif;xifavh&Sd\/ jrifcsnf;omjzpfMuygacs\/ pifppf xdkt&mtm;vHk;onf rdrdBudKufpGJ pGJaeojzihf rdrdbufrS onfhtwlyifvQif... ae taumif;[lí wpfbufowfxifjrifcsuf ay;xm;jcif;rQom/ owå0gwpfOD;pDü 0w¬KESihf tm½Hk[lí ESpfrsKd;&Sdav&mwGif ig;owå0g\ tcsKo d bm0udk qm;e,fvsuu f tykycf x H m;&mrS wpfbuf\ tqif;tm½Hk? toHtm½HkponfwdkYudk cHpm;vsufu... jzpfay:vmaom ig;ykyfjym;udk taumif;pm;qdkonfodkY &Sd\/ tm½Hrk aS usmf 0w¬Kay:odYk ar;wifum rnfoyl J rnfot Yl oHayyJ rdrdBudKufwdkif; taumif;owfrSwfjcif;onf xifaMu;rQom/ [lí ynwfo½kyaf zmfxw k rf jd cif;um; trSm;jrif&mrSjzpfaom trSm;½Ijcif; rdrrd BuKd uaf vwdik ;f tqd;k owfrw S jf cif;onfvnf; xifaMu;rQ rsKd;wnf;/ om/ xd k r S w qih f tqif ; toH p onf h tm½H k u d k v nf ; aumif ; ? xdkxifaMu;jzihf wpfbuftm½Hkpk ½IarQmfaejcif;um; rw&m; xdktqif;toH ponfwkdY\ wnf&mrSD&m 0w¬Kudk,fxnfBuD;udkvnf; ½IodrIcsnf;omwnf;/ aumif; ½IMunhfpOf... xkdxifaMu;jzifh &,lodrf;ykdufum tm½kHcHpm;aejcif;um; tm½HkudkausmfvGefí vIyf&Sm;jzpfysufaeyHkudkom jrifodjcif;? rw&m;cHpm;rIcsnf;omwnf;/ 0w¬KudkausmfvGefí vIyf&Sm;jzpfysufaeyHkudkom jrifawmhjcif;? xdktrltusihfrsKd;onf wd&pämefwdkY oHk;avh oHk;x&Sdaom trl xdt k Munh?f xdt k odrsK;d wdo Yk nfom jyifyudk xGi;f azmuf twGi;f tusihfrsKd;omjzpfMu&um; atmufwef;pm;cHpm;enf;qkd&\/ om;a&mufatmif MunhfwwfjrifwwfaomaMumihf... wpfzef oabmodkYqdkuf twGif;om;EdIufMunhfEkdifol qdk&\/ xdktrltusihfjzihf aovGefcJhaomf pGJ&mXme atmufwef;pm; ynwfrzuf y&rwfoufouf jrifodwwfolqdk&\/ b0rsKd;om &apwwf&um; atmufwef;oGm;cHpm;rI qdk&\/ þum; or®m[laompum;\ obm0zGihfqdkcsufrsm;wnf;/ atmuf w ef ; oG m ;b0rsKd ; rS ½k e f ; xG u f a eaom þtusih f orm"d t k y f p k rnf o l a cgif ; aqmif v k y f r vJ rdrd\tysufudkvnf;jrif tjypfudkvnf; jrifapaom þ½IrSwf orm"dr*¾ifoHk;rsKd;wdkYwGifvnf;... rIonfom atmufwef;pm; tusihfrsKd;vnf; r[kwf atmufwef;pm; u/ jyifyü 0g,ru OD;aqmif owdorm"drsm;um; tusihfrsKd;vnf; r[kwf&um;... aemufvdkuf/ txufwef;pm; cHpm;enf;qdk&\/ c/ twGif;üum; owduOD;pD;? 0g,rorm"drsm;um; w&m;ojzihf ½Ionfvnf; qdk&\/ aemufvdkuf/ þtusirfh sK;d onfom trSm;ESit fh rSef {uefwu d s rdr&d & cGjJ cm; (u) þü jyifyqdkonfrSm... jrifodapEkdifaomaMumihfwnf;/ ur®|mef;tvkyf tm;xkwf&eftwGuf wpfae&mrS wpfae&m onfhtwlyifvQif... qDodkY ajymif;a&TUvdkaomtcg xdkifrIxrI jyKvdkaomtcg tcsdefydkif;\ igYudk,f igY[m igYOpömawGyg[lí tpGJBuD;jcif;rsKd;? uefYowfxm;csuftwdkif; tcsdefjynhfxdkifvdkaomtcg ponfrsKd;rsm;ü NrJonfaumif;onf igydkifxifonf[lí tpGJBuD;jcif;rsKd; BudK;pm;apjcif;udkqdk\/ þESpfrsKd;wdkYonf wpfbufMunhfrd&mrS jzpfaom trSm;jrifrsKd; rSwfcsuf/ / ¤if ; 0D & d , ud k ud k , f u m,\ jyif y wm0ef u d k csnf;omjzpfMuacs\/ xrf;aqmif&jcif;aMumihf um,du0D&d, (udk,ftm;pdkufí tm;xkwf& wpfzef...igryg olr&Sd emrf½yk Ef pS yf g;\ xdord Qom[lívnf; aom 0D&d,)ac:qdk&m\/ aumif;? vIyf&Sm;a&GUaysmufaeygonfudk wyftyfjrifaeí rNrJ[lí (c) twGi;f qdo k nfrmS vnf;aumif;? azmufjym;ysupf ;D aeygonfukd wyftyfjrifae&í raumif; ½IuGufwGif;0,f rSwfcsufNrJNrHpGm wnf&Sdapvdk&mü owdaemuf

DHAMMA DEW

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/ jrifaomtcg rwkHYrqkdif;? rif;csif;wpfa,muf tm; aemufawmfuvdkufapNyD; pkHprf;ckdif;onf/ auseyfaomtajzudk &&Sdaomtcg udk,fwkdif &xm;pD;í tjrefvkdufonf/ y@0awmifajc wGif wpfyg;wnf; qGrf;bkOf;ay;aeaom &[ef; jrwf x H csOf ; uyf o nf / pum;ES D ; aES m onf / 0rf;ajrmufvSojzihf xD;eef;wpf0ufvSLonf/ tavmif ; awmf j rwf u vuf r cH a omtcg ]]bk&m;jzpfvQif olYEkdifiHodkY tOD;qkH;<uyg&ef yifhavQmufcJhonf}} ol \ vk y f a qmif c suf w d k Y o nf ol Y twGuf? omoemtwGuf tusKd;&SdvSonf/ jrwfAk'¨ bk&m;tjzpfodkYa&mufvQif a&S;u0efcH pum;&SdcJhonhftwkdif; &mZN*Kd[fodkY tOD;qkH; <uawmfrlonf/ &[ef;y&dowfajrmufjrm;pGm yg0ifonf/ ol o nf jrwf A k ' ¨ < uvmaMumif ; owif; pum;Mum;od&vQiyf if y&dowftaygif; wpfodef;ESpfaomif;jzihf BuD;us,fcrf;em;pGm BuKd q k d o nf / c&D ; a&muf r qk d u f ok y Ü w d | yanmifyifü w&m;a[mawmfrl&m olESihfwuG aemufyg udk;aomif; aomwmyefwnfonf/ aemufaeYwGif a0VK0efO,smOfausmif;awmf BuD;ukd a&puf oGef;cs vSL'gef;onf/ xkdtcsdefrSpwifí ewf&GmpHawmfrl onftxd 37 ESpfwdkifwdkif jrwfAk'¨omoem twGuf rem;rae BuK;d yrf;tm;xkwo f nf/ vpOf 6&uf OykofapmihfokH;ojzihf wkdif;ol jynfom; wdkY\ pHjyjzpfonf/ acrmrd z k & m;uk d omoemwG i f ; od k Y AdrÁdom&onf ukd,fwdkifw&m;odol jzpf\/ "r®&oukd ukd,fwkdifcHpm;&oljzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh olwpfyg;wdkYukdvnf; rQa0cHpm;ap vd k o nf / ol \ rd z k & m;acgif B uD ; acrmonf r'´&pfwkdif;ol bk&ifhorD;awmfjzpfonfomru tvS x d y f a cgif w if t jzpf ausmf M um;onf / cifyGef;onfbk&ifBuD;u Ak'¨\OygoumBuD; jzpfaeaomfvnf; acrmonf Ak't ¨ m; wdr;f a&Smif aeonf/ tvS w G i f w d r f ; rl ; aeaom acrm twGuf jrwfAk'¨\'ku©w&m;? tokbw&m; onf em;cg;p&mjzpfonf/ xkdYaMumihf jrwfAk'¨ oDwif;ok;H &m a0VK0efausmif; tem;okyYd if roD/ xk d t aMumif ; uk d &d y f p m;rd a omrif ; BuD ; u a0VK0ef a usmif ; awmf B uD ; \om,mvS y yk H u k d aw;oDcsi;f zGUJ um rdz&k m;Bu;D Mum;avmufatmif oDqkdaponf/ acrmonf ]]&r®H a0VK0eH a,e? e

'd|H ok*wmv,H}} paom aw;oDcsif;ukd Mum; &aomtcg ausmif;awmfodkY roGm;bJraeEkdif awmh/ avmuwGif vSaomolwdkYonf tvS tyukd tjcm;olrsm;xuf ykdíESpfoufwwf\/ ½kyfacsmolwdkYu ½kyfukd ykdíESpfouf\/ toH aumif;olwu Ydk toHuydk í dk ESpo f uf\/ ykí d cuf onfu vSyonfukd vSrSef;odaejcif;jzpf\/ acrmonf tvS b k & if r jzpf o nh f tjyif rif;rdzk&m;vnf;jzpfae\/ ]a0VK0e ]a0VK0ef ausmif;awmfBuD;[m wm0wd HomewfwdkY\ eE´ 0 ef O ,smOf w rQ vS y ygonf } [l a om aw;oHonf olr\ESv;Hk om;ukd qG, J o l mG ;onf/ acrm a0VK0ef a usmif ; awmf o d k Y a&muf&v dS mawmhrnft h aMumif; jrwfA'k ¨ BuKw d if odawmfrlNyD;jzpf\/ odkYjzpfí eHeufykdif; qGrf;cH <uawmfrrlbJ apmihq f idk ;f aeawmfro l nf/ acrm onf jrwfAk'¨qGrf;cH<uoGm;awmfrlonf[k xif rSwfum *Eük#Dausmif;awmfodkY trSwfrJh0if a&mufvmonf/ xkdtckduf jrwfAk'ä&SUawmfwGif BuKHU BuKUH xkid v f suf ,yfcwfay;aeaom rde;f rvSav; ukd trSwfrJh jrifawGUvkduf&onf/ tvStyukd rufarmolyDyD rdef;rvSav;ukd ai;armum wpd r f h p d r f h M unh f a erd o nf / rd e f ; uav;onf olx Y ufyí dk Eke,fonf/ ykí d acsmarmonf/ ykí d vSyonf/ EkysKad omtvS? vwfqwfaomtvS? opfvGifaomtvSykdif&Sifav;ukd pl;pkduf&if; jrwfAk'ükdyif *½krxm;Ekdifawmh/ tvSwGif wdrf;,drf;pl;pkdufíom epfajrmaeonf/ xk d t vS y d k i f & S i f u av;rS m jrwf A k ' ¨ zefwD;aom zefqif;cHtvSuav;jzpfojzihf olrñTwEf ;l pl;pku d af ecku d rf mS yif ysK&d mrSt?dk tk&d m rS &GwfwG? &GwfwG&mrS vJNyKdusum toufcE¨m uif;aysmufoGm;onfukd oJxdyf&ifzkd awGUjrif vkduf&onf/ þwGirf S tvSty\w'*Fobm0ukd odjrifoGm;onf/ Ak'¨tay: tvSrmef,pfrl;í txif r S m ;tjrif r S m ;rd c J h o nf u k d v nf ; 0ef c s awmif;yefonf/ w&m;awmfukd em,lonf/ yg&rD"mwfcH &ihfoefojzihf aomwmyefjzpfoGm; onf/ xkt d csed rf pS wifí &mZN*K[ d x f ;D eef;\ taiGUtoufwdkYonf acrmrdzk&m;BuD;tm; rzrf;pm;EkdifawmhNyD/ avmuDtm½kH umr*kPf wdkYonf olrtwGuf NiD;aiGUp&moufoufjzpf aeayNyD/ xkdYaMumihf rif;BuD;\cGihfjyKcsufjzihf bdu©KeDabmif 0ifa&mufcJhonf/ rMumrwif

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"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

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omcGihf&aomaeY/ (6) Ak'¨omoemawmf tcdkiftrmwnfwHhEkdif atmif yxro*Fg,emwifjcif;? omoemawmf ESpftwdtus owfrSwfEdkifjcif;? Ak'¨"mwfawmf rsm;udk pkaqmif;odrf;qnf;í "mwfawmfwdkuf wnfaqmufEkdifoljzpfay:aomaeY/ Ak'¨bmom 0ifrsm;twGuf jrwfAk'¨\ tarGtESpfrsm;udk ,aeYwikd af tmif tkwjf rpfcsay;cJah omaeYjzpfay onf/ þuJhodkYaom aeYaumif; njrwfBuD; udk t½kyq f ;kd tusn;f wefatmif rawmf wa&mf tawG;ESifh r[kwfrw&m;rIrsm;udk tpOfvm aumif;BuD;wpfcktaejzihf aysmf&Tif&Jwif;pGm jyKvkyfaeMujcif;onf ]jrL;wmvm;? ½l;wmvm;} [kar;&ygawmhrnf/ odkYygaomaMumihf tZmwowfrif; tm; jrwf A k ' ¨ \ tqH k ; trpum;awmf j zih f pmrsuf E S m 31 rS ed*Hk;owf tqHk;&yfvdkufygrnf/ ]'umawmf r if ; BuD ; tMuif o l owfrSwfay;cJhonf/ onf tjypf u d k tjypf [ k t aMumif ; tm; trS e f p if p pf wef a qmif r k e f ; v\ avsmf p G m uk p m;\/ aemiftcg apmihfpnf; wefaqmifwdkifyGJawmfonf(1) tZmwowfrif;ESihf jynfolaygif;rsm;pGm \/ xd k o l \ uk p m;apmih f p nf ; jcif ; onf t&d,m wdkY\ 0denf;tqHk;trüBuD;yGm;jcif; Ak'¨bmom ppfppfrSefrSefjzpfaomaeY/ (2) &[ef;jyKjcif;tusKd;udk a[maom ]omrn yif w nf ; /} qif ; &J c srf ; om owå 0 gtaygif ; zv} tcgawmfaeY/ (3) &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm; 0denf;odu©m? udk,f aumif ; usKd ; vd k & m qE´ j ynh f 0 Muygap/ usihfoDvjynhf-rjynhfudkwkdif;wm&ef a[mawmf rS D j irf ; ausmf v G i f - wef a qmif r k e f ; vtaMumif ; rlaomaMumihf ]oHCmhrSwfausmufaeY}/ (4) ykxZk Ofrsm;xHrS &wemjrwfo;kH yg;udk tMunf odaumif;p&m/ Nird ;f csr;f OD;= wefaqmifrek ;f vjynfh omrn zv ndKqHk; yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;ay:xGufcJhaomaeY/ (5) ,if;okwfawmfBuD;udk em,l&aomaMumihf tcgawmfaeY/ ok w (a&T o H v G i f ) Bu;D rm;aom jypf'Pfrsm;rS avsmeh nf;um ouf a&mufaomfvnf; jrwfA'k o ¨ w D if;ok;H aeaMumif; rodcJh/ ar;vnf;rar;rdcJh/ rdwfaqG AdrÁdom& &Sd&m &mZN*Kd[fodkYa&mufvkdpdwf apmaeonf/ &mZN*K[ d w f iG f jrwfA'k &¨ v dS rd rhf nf[k rSwx f ifc\ hJ / om0w¦dESihf &mZN*Kd[fonf 45 ,lZema0;uGm onf/ ykuo ú mwdonf xkcd &D;ukrd jzpfjzpfatmif ESifcJhonf/ &mZN*Kd[fodkYa&mufaomtcg jrwfAk'¨ oDwif;okH;onfh om0w¦dNrKdUonf aemufwGif usef&pfcJhNyD/ tcsdefvihfaeNyDjzpfí aemufjyef vSní fh r&awmhNy/D tarSmifxu k vTr;f vmonf/ teD ; tem;&S d tk d ; xd e f ; onf w pf O D ; \wJ u k y f uav;wGif em;ckdcGihf&cJhonf/ ñTef;= r[mAk'¨0ifusrf; quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf /

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aqmufvyk af &;ynm&Sirf sm; ewfjynfodkY rvm; cifolZmjrifh

jzL;NrdKU? 'ud©Pm½HkpmoifwdkufBuD; pwif w nf a xmif p wG i f q&mawmf B uD ; \ wynhf&if; pmcsq&mawmfOD;OwårAk'd¨onf aeYeHa&G;enf;utp vuform; ynmtawmf twef wwfajrmufxm;olyDyD wpfcsKdUausmif; jyKjyifwnfaqmufa&;udp?ö ewfvrf;aqmufvyk f a&;ud p ö ? a&csKd ; td r f a qmuf v k y f a &;ud p ö ? tdro f muk#?D qGr;f csu½f ?kH xif;wJaqmufvyk af &; udprö sm;twGuf vuform;q&m (tif*sief , D m) rac:bJ rdrb d mom pDru H yG u f NJ y;D ud&k ifausmif; om;rsm;ESihf aqmufvkyfonf/ udk&ifausmif; om;rsm;udkvnf; rif;wdkYomoemawmf rNrJvdkY vl 0 wf a Mumif b 0a&muf v Qif vk y f p m;wwf atmif aemufqHk;udk,fhtdrfudk,faqmufwwf atmif oif , l & rnf [ k Mo0g'ay;um ausmif;om;ud&k ifrsm;udk a&abmfx;kd ? oH½u kd u f tp oifaponf? jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufaponf/ txl;ojzihf aEG&moDpm0gem;vQif xdkvkyfief;rsm;tvkyfrsm;í tcsKdUudk&ifBuD; ausmif;om;BuD;rsm;u nnf;nLMuonf/ ]]wdaYk usmif;udk aEG&moDrmS vuform; aqmuf v k y f a &;? tif * sif e D , mwwf o l a wG 'kv’b udk&ifvm0wfvQifaumif;rnf? igwdkY oufomrnf} [k udk&ifbmodwu ajymonf/ ][..aqmufvkyfa&; tif*sifeD,m wwfaerSawmh bkef;BuD;vm0wfyghrvm;[ ,ckvdk aEG&moDyGihfvif;csdefrSm ydkufqHawG& atmif tdrfawG? wdkufawG vdkufaqmufaeMu

rSmaygY? b,frSm'kv’b udk&if OD;yÍöif;0wfzdkY pdwu f ;l rvJ}} ]at; 'D'umawG avmbrsm;Muwm ao&ifawmh tyg,foGm;MurSmrsm;w,faemf} [kajym&m udk&iftm;vHk;u NyHK;Mu onf/ ud&k ifbmodwESifh ud&k ifOwå&wdYk ajymae MuaomtoHrsm;udk aemufu a&mufaeaom pmcsq&mawmfuMum;í NyHK;um ]]tif; rif;wdkYpum;u q&mawmfBuD; wpfyg;a[mwJh aqmufvkyfa&;ynm&Sifrsm; ewfjynfrvm; qdkwJhyHkjyifvdkjzpfaeoudk;uGJU}} [krdefYMum;onf/ ]]q&mawmfBuD; rdefYMum;yHktus,f uav;odyg&apbk&m;}} ]]at; q&mawmfBu;D u OyrmjyKajym wJh yHkjyiftaMumif;uawmh a&S;tcgu rC vkvifwdkYacwfuvdk aqmufvkyfa&; twwf ynmtvGeu f Rr;f wJh aqmufvyk af &;ynm&Siaf wG &SdowJh? ,ckacwftac:awmh aqmufvkyfa&; tif*sief , D maygYu, G }f } wpfaeYrSm wm0wd Homu odMum; rif;ESihf i&Jjynfu ,rrif;wdkY awGUqHkaqG;aEG; NyD ; ewf j ynf E S i h f i&J j ynf c spf M unf a &; vrf;wHwm; wnfaqmufzdkY oabmwlMuowJh? ,rrif;u vnf; ,rrif;&JU i&Jjynfydkifqdkif&m tydkif;u wHwm;wnfaqmuf ewfjynfuvJ ewfjynfydkifqdkif&m tydkif;uaeNyD; wHwm; wnfaqmufzdkY oabmwlcJhMuowJh/

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]]ESif;zGJrdIif;&D? &moDNAdpäm?auG;um rvH k ? vT r f ; NcH K csrf ; p? vG r f ; vS a v?}} ]]Mu,f M uwå d u m? usD ; wm&mwd k Y ? jynf h v muk e f M u? N*d K [f o l & ES i f h ? nD r Qwl p G m ? 0d o mcgvQif ? aeY r S m vS n h f o G m ;? b0g;pwk ? csrf ; pjyKom;}} ]]a&T c 0J y G i h f ? 0wf r I e f B uJ vsuf ? xG w f u J pd a EÅ ? oQif a wmf a rG u d k ? ½d k a oñT w f u sd K ;? rod k ; ouF e f ; ? vS L 'gef ; a&mif & S d e f ? uxd e f y G J c if ; }} (OD ; ,m? q,fhESpf&moDbGJUvl;wm;) [kvnf;aum if ; aumif ]]0g&uf u k e f u Ref ; ? NAd p ä m vS r f ; u? qef ; wef a qmif r k e f ; ? csrf ; pd r f h w k e f ; i,f ? rd k ; vH k ; xd e f 0 g? Muwå d u mvQif ? ,S O f v mpNrJ ? yef ; c0J w d k Y ? cgyG J c sd e f c sif h ? nD a pyG i f h o d k Y } } (&wk q &m- e0a';BuD ; ) [kvnf;aumif;? wefaqmifrek ;f vudk a&S;q&m wdkY zGJUqdkcJhMuygonf/ 0gvuif;vGwf oDwif;uRwfNyD;í? wef a qmif r k e f ; 0if o nf w G i f ? &moD O wk r S m aqmif; 0ifpjyKNyDjzpfí? at;csrf;vmygNyD/ aumif;uif jyifwGif xGufay:vmaom N*dK[f eu©wfwm&mwdkY pHkvifcsdefusa&mufvmygNyD/ c0Jyef;wdkY NrdKifvsuf/ þtcg? þvwG i f jref r mjynf ü atmufygyGJrsm;jzihf EGJaysmfMuayNyD/ (1) wefaqmifwdkif rD;xGef;yGJawmf? (2) eu©wfobifyGJawmf? (3) awmifxdyfobifyGJawmf? (4) plVmrPdapwDyGJawmf? (5) rJZvDzl;okwfyGJawmf?

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ Ä

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rwl/ jcaoFhESihf,SOfNyKdifwdkufckdufygu 0ufonf ½IH;rnfomjzpf\/ xkdtaMumif;ukd 0ufrkduftm; 0uftaygif;u 0kdif;íajymMuaomf 0ufrkduf vnf; aemifw&um aMumuf&GHUwkefvIyfoGm; onf/ xkdYaMumihf 0uftaygif;tm; olYukd tBuH ÓPfay;Muyg&ef c,awmif;yeftoem;cH& awmhonf/ xkdtcg 0uftaygif;u olYukd tBuHay;\/ ]&aoh&[ef;wdkYtokH;jyKaom rpif wGif;a[mif;wpfck&Sd\/ xkdwGif;odkYqif;um oif\cE¨muk, d w f pfcv k ;Hk ukd rpifwjYkd zihf vdr;f usH um tajcmufcHíaeavmh/ ckepf&ufajrmuf onhfaeYwGifrS oif\ukd,fukd ESif;aygufwdkYjzihf pkdapavmh/ xkdtcg oif\cE¨mukd,fay:rS rpif wdkYonf ESif;a&wnf;[laom tpkd"gwfaMumifh raumif;aomteHw Y x Ykd u G í f ywf0ef;usiw f pfck vkH;ukd eHapmfapvdrfhrnf/ oifonf avnm t&yfwGif &yfíaeavmh}/ 0ufrkdufvnf; 0uf taygif ; wd k Y t BuH j yKonh f t wd k i f ; jyKvk y f \ / csdef;onhfaeYwGif 0ufrkduf&Sd&modkY jcaoFha&muf &Sdívm\/ jcaoFhonf oefY&Sif;pGmaexkdifaom awmowå0gjzpf&um; xkdrQnpfywfeHapmfonhf teHYqkd;wdkY\'Pfukd rcHEkdif/ xkdYaMumihf 0uf ESihfr,SOfNyKdifawmhbJ ],ck ,SOfNyKdifrnhfyGJwGif oifom NyKdifbufr&Sd tEkdif,lavmh? oifom atmifEkdifolppfppfjzpfayonf} [k atmf[pf um vpfíajy;avonf/ 0ufrkdufonf jcaoFh rSm olYukdr,SOfNyKdif&Jí vpfajy;NyD[k atmf[pf a<u;aMumfrmefwwfum olu Y , dk o f l atmifEidk o f l Bu;D tjzpf [dw[ f efxmG ;vsuf 0uftaygif;&S&d m odkY jyefvm\/ 0uftaygif;onf taMumif; pkHukdodavvQif þt&yfü igwdkY qufíaeacs u jcaoFhwdkY\&efjzihf ruif;NyD[k tcsif;csif; wd k i f y if E S D ; aES m zvS , f a qG ; aEG ; jcif ; uk d j yKí aemufqkH; qkH;jzwfcsufwpfckukd tcdkiftrm csvkdufEkdifygonf/ ,if;rSm rdrdwdkY þt&yfukd pGefYí tjcm;aomt&yfwpfyg;odkY xGufcGmoGm; jcif;onfom taumif;qkH;[lí../ Zmwfaygif;aomf xkdtcgu 0ufrkduf onf ,ck rax&ftkdBuD;yifjzpfí ,ck igbk&m; um; xkdpOfu jcaoFhjzpfcJhzl;avonf[k Zmwf aygif;awmfrlygonf/ aZmf a emif usrf ; uk d ; ig;&mhig;q,fZmwf (olu&Zmwf) anmifuefq&mawmf

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wefaqmifwikd Mf umouFe;f uyfvLS yGJ

Sacred ornamental-robe offered to the Buddha "r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmif (tjynf j ynf q k d i f & max&wuú o k d v f )

wefaqmifrkef;vonf ouFef;&moD[k qdk&avmufatmif ouFe;f uyfvLS yGrJ sm; txl;rsm;aomvjzpfonf/ jrefrmEkid if w H iG f a&S;acwf tcgumvrsm;uwnf;upí xdv k wGif uxdeo f uFe;f ? rod;k ouFe;f ? yHo h k ul o uF e f ; wd k Y t jyif MumouF e f ; ud k v nf ; uyf v S L avh & S d M uygonf / MumouFef;uyfvSLyGJum; ,ckacwfwGif MumouFef;uvnf; &Sm;yg;? vSL'gef;MuolwdkYvnf; &Sm;yg;vSojzihf vlodenf;vmaom yGJjzpfayonf/ bk & if r if ; rsm;om uyf v S L cJ h a om MumouF e f ; a&S ; acwf a &S ; tcgu &S i f b k & if r sm;uom MumouF e f ; ud k uyf v S L avh & S d M uonf / jref r mEk d i f i H t&yf a 'otrsm;tjym;wd k Y ü ouFef;a&mif ydwfom;ay:wGif a&Ta&mifpuúL? odkYr[kwf t0ga&mif zJ B ud K ;rsm;ud k Mumyef ; yG i h f B uD ; rsm;oP² m ef x d k ; í apwD y k x d k ; rsm;ES i h f bk & m;½k y f y G m ; qif ; wk a wmf r sm;wG i f &pf y wf í vS L 'gef ; Muonf u d k awGUjrifMu&ayvdrhf rnf/ &Sr;f jynfbufEiS fh weoFm&Dwikd ;f a&;? Nrw d ?f xm;0,fbufww Ykd iG f y'kr®mMum½dk;rS MumrQifrsm;udk xkwf,lí MumouFef;&ufvkyfNyD; jrwfpGm bk&m;tm; uyfvSLavh&SdMuqJjzpfonf/ pma&;olwdkYudk,fwkdif 1996 ckEpS u f Nrw d b f ufrv S maom rdwaf qGrsm;xHrS y'krm® MumouFe;f wpfxnf

udk vufcH&&SdcJhygojzihf xdktcsdefu txl;xif&Sm;í MunfndKav;pm; tyfygaom q&mawmfbk&m;BuD; wpfyg;tm; qufuyfvSL'gef;cJhzl;yg onf/ zm;atmuf a wm&pBuø a usmif ; q&mawmf v S L 'gef ; aom ouF e f ; 1332 ckESpfewfawmfvjynhfausmf 2 &ufaeYu rGefjynfe,f armfvNrdKifc½dkif rk'HkNrdKUe,f? zm;atmufawm& pBuøausmif;q&mawmf t&Sifacrm0EÅu rEÅav;NrdKU r[m0dok'¨g½Hkwdkufopf? a&Tusifedum, Ouú|? r[mem,u? tbd"Zr[m&|*k½k? or®KwdoHCm&mZm omoem ydkif? oufawmf&mausmf&Snf pHuif;q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;tm; tjcm;aom vSLzG,f0w¬KtNcHt&H ypönf;rsm;ESihftwl tzdk;wef MumouFef;udk qufuyfvSL'gef;cJhaMumif;jzihf rSwfom;cJh&ygonf/ rvG , f v S a om MumouF e f ; &uf v k y f y H k tqdyk g y'krm® MumouFe;f onf &ufvyk &f mwGif vG,u f v l o S nf r[kwfygay/ a&S;OD;pGm tdrfaxmifrjyK&ao;aom trsKd;orD;oHk;q,fwdkY onf a&pifMu,fpGmcsKd;NyD; q,fyg;oDvcH,lMu&onf/ ¤if;aemufrS a&ueftwGi;f rS y'krm® Mum½d;k MumrQirf sm;udk qG, J Ml u&onf/ oDvrNryJ gu rdrdqGJ,laom Mum½dk;MumrQifrsm; jywfoGm;wwfonfqdkonf/ wpf a eY v Qif MumrQif ig;yJ o m;&zd k Y t a&; ,if;odaYk &ueftwGi;f rS Mum½d;k rsm;udk qGw, f Ml uNy;D aemuf &uf uef;&ufvkyfEkdifonfh tqihf&Sdonfh MumrQifuav;rsm;udk tajcmufcH aevSrf;í &,lMu&onf/ rdef;uav;wpfa,muftzdkY wpfaeYvQif MumrQif ig;yJom;ajcmufyJom;om&Muonf/ MumouFef;wpfxnf &&Sd &ef rdef;uav; ta,muf 30 wdkY tzdkY wpfESpf (12v) MumcefY MumrQif rsm;udk &S,fí&ufvkyfMu&onfqdkygonf/ pH u if ; q&mawmf * k ½ k y Ü w å d u srf ; tqd k ¤if;MumouFef;onf &ufvkyfNyD;ptcsdefwGif y'kr®mMumeHY oif;oif;ysUH ysUH arT;onf/ 0wf½akH wmfral om q&mawmf oHCmawmfrsm;tzdYk yltkdufaom aEG&moDwGifat;í csrf;aom aqmif;vumvrsm;wGif aEG;onf[k xdkMumouFef;taMumif;t&mrsm;udk azmfjyaom ]]pHuif; q&mawmf *k½kyÜwådusrf;}} wGif zwf½IodrSwf&ygonf/ pmrsuf E S m 15 ok d Y