DV23-09

&m*uif;&medAmÁ efonfom Nir d ;f at;&mjzpf\

The absence of craving is the perfect peace Nidrf;csrf;OD;

r*fwdkYwGif t*Fg&Spfyg;&Sdaom r*fonfjrwf\/ opömwdkYwGif av;vHk;av;yg'&Sd aom t&d , opö m onf j rwf \ / w&m;" w&m;"rr ® w d k Y w G i f &m*uif ; &mjzpf a om ed A Á m ef o nf jrwf\/ tajcESpaf csmif;&Sad omolww Ykd iG f pu©Kig;yg;&Sad wmfral om bk&m;&Sio f nfjrwfawmfr\ l / Of paths, the Path of Eight Constitunts is the noblest; of truths, the Four Noble Truths are the noblest; of the dhammas, the absence of craving (i.e.,Nibbana) is the noblest; of the two- legged being, the All- Seeing Buddha is the noblest.

yÍö o w bd u © K 0w¬ K aZw0efausmif;awmfü oDwif;oH;k aeawmf r l p Of ? jrwf p G m bk & m; ocif o nf a'oEÅ & c&D ; azmf &[ef ; ig;&mwd k Y t m; taMumif;jyKí? þ"r® y'ygVdawmf? r*¾0*fvm? *gxm"r®wdkYudk a[mMum;awmfrlygonf/ tqdkyga'oEÅ& c&D;azmf&[ef; ig;&mwdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif a'opm&D c&D ; <ucsD a wmf r l & mwG i f aemuf a wmf y g;rS vdu k yf goGm;Muolrsm; jzpfMuNy;D ? rsm;rMumrDu a'opm&Dc&D;wpfckrS aZw0efausmif;awmf odkY jyefvnf a&muf&SdvmMuol rsm;jzpfMu\/ wpfckaomaeY\ naecif;wGif

Pañcasatabhikkhu Vatthu While residing at the Jetavana monastery, the Buddha uttered Verses of this dhamma, with reference to five hundred bhikkhus.

Five hundred bhikkhus, after accompanying the Buddha to a village, returned to the Jetavana monastery.

In the evening they talked about the trip, especially the nature of the land, whether it was level or hilly, clayey or stony, etc.

The Buddha came to them in the midst of their conversation and said to them.

pmrsuf E S m 24 ok d Y

q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ tjrifrsm;ajymif;vJjcif;ESifh tawG;tjrifpmpkrsm;rS

vlukdyif orm"dÓPfrsufpdjzifh Munfhygu vl[líyif rjrifawmh/ ½kyfESifh erftjzpfom jrif \/ y&rw¦opömt& þavmuwGif yk*¾dKvf owå0g[lír&S/d xkaYd Mumifh vluMdk unfah omfvnf; vltjzpfrjrifbJ ½kyfemrftjzpfomjrifjcif;jzpf\/ xk d t jrif o nf v nf ; trS e f y if j zpf \ / ,if ; trSefum; y&rw¦opömt& rSefjcif;jzpf\/ tu,fí vlukdyif 0dyóemÓPfrsufpd jzifh Munfhygu xkdvlukdyif vl[lívnf;rjrif/ ½kyfemrf[lívnf;rjrif/ okdY&mwGif jzpfysuf tjzpfom jrifav-/ xkdtjrifvnf; trSefyif jzpf\/ trSm;tjrifr[kw/f xko d jYdk rif&mü tyÜrm' tay:tajccHaom orm"dtm;aumif; aom aMumifh jzpf\/ tu,fí vlukdyif r*fÓPfrsufpdjzifh Munfhygu vlukd vltjzpfvnf;rjrif? ½kyfESifh emrftjzpfvnf;rjrif? jzpfysuftjzpfvnf;rjrif/ ok d Y & mwG i f wu,f w rf ; jrif & onf u awmh jzpfysufwkdY qkH;&medAÁmef[lonf oknwomjzpf \/ þoknwoabmukd jrifrSom wu,fwrf; ppfrSefaom t&d,opömtjrifjzpf\/ xko d t Ydk jrifrsm;tqifq h ifu h jGJ ym;aomf vnf; txuftxuftqifhjzifh jrifMuolrsm;onf atmufatmuftqifjh zifjh rifMuolrsm;ESijhf iif;ckrH I r&SdMu/ okdY&mwGif atmufatmuftqifhjzifh jrifMuolrsm;onfom txuftxuftqifhjzifh jrifMuolrsm;ESifh jiif;ckHwwfMu\/ xkdokdYjiif;ckH wwf j cif ; rS m txuf t qif h u om atmuf tqif\ h rsupf Ed iS hf jrifaxmifu h o dk m jrifprG ;f Ekid Nf y;D ? atmuftqifu h txuftqif\ h rsupf Ed iS hf jrif axmifhukd jrifpGrf;Ekdifjcif;r&SdaomaMumifh jzpf\/

Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; jyKpk w if j yonf /

VOW

2

"r®0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/

Aka'¨gaAma",sH

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wdaPÖmwma&,sH

opömw&m;ukid godovk?d a0ae,swo Ydk ad p&rnf

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oHo&m0J*,ufrS igu;l ajrmufEidk o f vkd a0ae,swYdk ul;ajrmufapEkid &f rnf

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'kdYta&; 'kdYta&; 'kdYta&;

"r®0&D *sme,f Mo0g'gp&d,q&mawmfrsm;

t*¾r[my@dw b'´ E å ukrm& 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(pDr)H t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ EåaZmwdu(M.A) 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(ynm) tbd"r®myd#ur[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw a'guw f mb'´ Eåax&dE´(Ph.D) yd#uwfqidk &f mygVpd mayXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåy@dwmbd0o H (M.A) okwå Eåy#d uwfr[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåork e(M.A) EkdifiHa&;OD;wnfcsuf (4)&yf Ak'a¨ 'oemjyefyh mG ;a&;ynmXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf - EkdifiHawmfwnfNidrfa&;? &yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh t*¾r[m*E¬0gpu y@dw a'guw f mb'´ EÅynm0Ho(Ph.D) w&m; Oya' pkd;rkd;a&; - trsKd;om;jyefvnf pnf;vHk;nDnGwfa&; armfueG ;f xde;f q&mawmf - ckdifrmonfh zJGYpnf;yHk tajccHOya'opfjzpfay:vma&; pmwnf;csKyf - jzpfay:vmonfh zJGYpnf;yHktajccHOya'opfEiS t hf nD acwfrzD YGH NzKd ;wk;d wufaomEkdifiHawmfopfwpf&yf r[mo'¨ra® Zmwdu"Z wuúov dk o f Qio f &D d wnfaqmufa&; ("r®mp&d,? bDat) pD;yGm;a&;OD;wnfcsuf (4)&yf - pkdufysKd;a&;ukdtajccHí tjcm;pD;yGm;a&;u@rsm;ukv d nf; pmwnf ; tzJG Y ? jynfpkd;? "r®xufukd bufpHkzHGUNzdK;wkd;wufatmif wnfaqmufa&; pDrHa&;&m? NzKd ;rmrm - aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf yDjyifpGmjzpfay:vma&; - jynfwiG ;f ? jynfyrStwwfynmESit hf &if;tES;D rsm; zdwaf c:í xk wf wf a0 ol pD;yGm;a&;zHYG NzKd ;wk;d wufatmif wnfaqmufa&; wifp;dk (NrJ -04266) vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf - EkdifiHawmfpD;yGm;a&;wpf&yfvHk;ukd zefwD;Ekid rf pI rG ;f tm;onf 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f EkdifiHawmfESifhwkdif;&if;om; jynfolwkdY\vuf0,fwGif&Sda&; tjyif t qif uG e f y sLwm vlrIa&;OD;wnfcsuf (4)&yf rk ; d B u ; D ?

N z K d ; N z K d ; Zmj c nf ? j r wf E ; d k yk i d f - wpfrsK;d om;vH;k \ pdw"f mwfEiS hf tusiphf m&dwjå rifhrm;a&; - trsKd;*kPf? Zmwd*kPfjrifhrm;a&;ESifh ,Ofaus;rItarG jzefYcsda&; tESprf sm;? trsK;d om;a&;vu©Pmrsm;raysmufysuaf tmif vIid Mf unfjzL"r®0&D pmaywku d f xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smufa&; - rsKd;cspfpdwf"mwf &Sifoefxufjrufa&; zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 - wpfrsK;d om;vH;k use;f rmBuchH idk af &;ESiyhf nm&nfjrifrh m;a&; rk;d aumif;uifpmay? trSw(f 134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)?

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vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f taqmif(1)? tcef;(6)? jrefrmtifzw dk uf? wuúov dk rf sm; vdiI ef ,fajr

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zvif Empire Colour Repro

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pmrsufESm

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EDITORIAL "r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/

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*½k"r®ESihf avmuygv"r®wdkYudk xdef;odfrf;MuygrS obm0ab;'PfcH&rI uif;Muygrnf &wemoHk;yg;[laom Ak'¨? "r®? oHCm[lí&Sd&mü Ak'¨bmom jrefrmvlrsKd;wdkYu "r® [laom pum;onfavmuDa&;&m avmukwå&m a&;&mwGif oihfovdk bmomjyefoHk;pGJaeMuonf/ jrefrmbmom jyefqdkrIwGif "r®ukd w&m;[líbmomjyefavh&Sdonf/ xdkw&m;[lonf tb,fenf;[kqdku [kwfrSefaom oabm? tusKd;oihf taMumif;oihf aumif;pGma[majymtyfaom pum;tpOf? 0denf;a'oem awmfrS<uif;aom Ak'¨\ pum;awmftpOf[k t"dyÜg,fzGihfqdkxm;onfudkawGU&ygonf/ "r®ESihfywfoufí tr&yl& r[m *E¨m½Hkq&mawmf t&SifZeumbd0Hou ]"r®onf vdkufemusihfBuHoltm; qif;&J('ku©)odkY ra&muf&atmif aqmifxm;Ekdif\[kqdk&mü ,ckcsufcsif;vufiif;tusKd;udk Munhf½HkrQjzihfobm0tppftrSef usatmif aqmifxm;EkdifyHkudkrodEkdifyg/ t&SnfudkarQmfudk;íMunhfEkdifrSom obm0tppftrSefusatmif odEidk yf gonf/ xdkYaMumihf Ak'¨\tqHk;trMo0g' jzpfaom w&m;awmfudk vdkufem&mü wpfcP uav;udkvnf;aumif;? wpfb0uav;udkvnf; aumif;? rMunhfbJ aemifqif;&J&rnfhta&;? tyg,fav;yg;okdY usa&mufEkdifaomab;wdkYudk MunhfEkdifygrS w&m;"r® \aqmifxm;EkdifyHkudk aumif;aumif;odEkdifygrnf [lí Mo0g'ay;xm;&m "r®tusKd;ESihf ywfoufí Ak'¨bmom0ifwdkY twdwf? ypöKyÜef? tem*wf umvokH;yg;jzifh av;av;pm;pm; qifjcifoHk;oyfwwf&ef vdktyfygonf/ þavmu&Sd vlom;wdkY "r®ESihf t"r® jyKvkyfaqmif&GufrIESihf ywfoufí aumif;usKd; qdk;usKd;&&SdcHpm;&rIudk rif;uGef;wdyd#uq&m awmfbk&m;BuD;u ]0doravmb `yGrf;`yGrf;xí tE¨aMumhMurf;? vlaomhoGrf;wdkY nd§K;EGrf;'ku©? a&muf o rQyif ? "r® u d e f ; aysmf ? vl o l a wmf u m;? pd w f a omf & T i f a rG U ? ud k , f c srf ; ajrU\} [lí Mo0g'ay;cJhygonf/ þavmuwGif vlom;wdkif;onf udk,fpdwf ESpfyg;csrf;oma&;udk ,ckypöKyÜefwGif &&SdcHpm;zdkYESihf tem*wfb0üvnf; &&SdcHpm;zdkY tNrJ&SmBuH BudK;pm;tm;xkwfaeMuygonf/ obm0avmuBu;D wGif vlom;wd\ Yk "r®ysupf ;D vmvQif vlw\ Ykd oufwrf;ESifh tpmtm[m&wdYk MoZmtqDtESpw f Ydk qkw, f w k v f mMu ovdfk a&m*gb,wdkYonfvnf; aygrsm;vmonf/ uyfab;? ab;tEÅ&m,f trsKd;rsKd;usa&mufNyD; avmuobm0ysufpD;jcif;? vlom;ESihf owå0gwdkY\ ysufpD;jcif;rsm; BuHKawGU&wwfygonf/ ,aeY urÇmavmuwGif vlom;wdkY\ toHk;taqmif t&m0w¬Krsm; wdk;wufvmonf rSefaomfvnf; "r®tajccHaom vlusihf0wf w&m;rsm; ysufpD;vmMu&m tpmtm[m&wdkYü MoZmtqDtESpfqkwf,kwfaeMuonf/ pm;okH;aom toD;tESHwdkYonf obm0ajrqD MoZmr&Sdawmhí "mwfajrMoZmjzihfom BuD;xGm;zGHUNzdK;aeMu&onf/ toD;tESHum;BuD;yg\/ t&omu r&Sdawmhygacs/ tqDtESpfMoZmu vnf; r&Sdawmhygacs/ þonfrSm avmuvlom;wdkY "r® tm;enf;vmMuí avmuygvw&m;[laom arwåmjA[®pdk&fw&m;rsm; uif;oxuf uif;vm Muonf/ tusKd;qufum;-tjyeftvSef ,HkMunfrItm;enf;vmwwfMujcif;/ -tjyeftvSef av;pm;vdkufemrItm;enf;vmMujcif;?

-tjyeftvSef wefzdk;xm;rI todtrSwfjyKrI tm;enf;vmjcif;?

-tjyeftvSef yGihfvif;½dk;om;rI tm;enf;vmjcif;?

-tjyeftvSef ½dkif;yif;ulnDrItm;enf;vmMujcif;?

-tjyeftvSeftm;udk;tm;xm;rItm;enf;vmjcif;?

-tjyeftvSef wef;wlnDwlrI pdwf"mwftm;enf;vmjcif;?

-tjyeftvSefpmemaxmufxm;rI tm;enf;vmjcif;?

-tjyeftvSef udk,fcsif;pmpdwftm;enf;vmMujcif;?

-tjyeftvSef opömapmihfodrItm;enf;vmjcif;?

-tjyeftvSef oabmxm;BuD;rI tm;enf;vmjcif;wdkYaMumihf todÓPf&Sdonf todÓPfjrifh rm;onf[laom vlom;wdkYwGif arwåm"r® cEÅD "r®wdkYonf qkwf,kwfvmcJhojzihf rdrdwdkY\ jyKaomtaMumif;aMumihf tusKd;jzpf&onf[l aom Ak'¨\ "r®obm0t& ouf&SdwdkYudk oufrJh obm0w&m;u wefjyefwdkufcdkufrIudk cHaeMu&jcif;jzpfonf/ Ak ' ¨ u urÇ m OD ; vl o m;wd k Y ouf w rf ; &S n f r I tema&m*guif ; rI ajrqD v T m rS ayguf a omtpmud k tvG , f w ul qG w f c l ; í pm;aomufEkdifrIonf xdkurÇmOD;vlom;wdkY\ *½k"r®oDvESihf [d&DMowåyÜw&m;wdkYudk tav;teufxm;í vdkufemaqmif&GufrIwdkYaMumihfjzpf aMumif; t*¾nokwf? puú0wdåokwfü twdtus a[mMum;xm;ygonf/ xdkYaMumihf ,aeYjrefrmEkdifiHol jrefrmEkdifiHom;tm;vHk;wdkYonf (rnfonfhbmom0if rqdk) avmuvlom;wdkYusihftyf&rnfh *½k"r® avmuygv"r®wdkYudk tpOfxdef;odrf; apmihfa&SmufMuzdkY tod&SdMuzdkY t,f'Dwm txl;vdktyfygaMumif; today;EdI;aqmftyfygonf/

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"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

tjynfjynfqdkif&max&0g max&0g'' Ak'¨omoemjyKwuúodkvf ygarmu©csKyf q&mawmfbk&m;BuD; t*¾r[my@dw? t*¾r[m*E¦0gpuy@dw a'gufwm t&SifeE´rmvmbd0Ho(Ph.D) a[mMum;csD ; jr§ i h f a wmf r l t yf a om

b0qnf;qm u½kPm w&m;a'oemawmf (,ciftywfrStquf) jA[® 0 d [ m& owå0gawG cHpm;ae&wJ'h u k a© wGukd z,f&mS ;csiw f ,f/ vlawGrmS awGUae&wJh'ku©awGudk z,f&Sm;ay;csifw,f/ 'g ]r[mu½kPm} ygyJ/ at;.. u½kPm w&m;[m tifrwefrS rGefjrwfoefYpifwJhw&m;jzpfvdkY jA[®0d[m&w&m; vdaYk c:w,f/ jrifjh rwfwyhJ *k Kd¾ vaf wG&UJ aexkid rf jI zpfw,f/ owå0gawGtm;vHk;? tcuftcJa&mufaewJhyk*¾dKvfawGtcuftcJrS vGwf ajrmufMuygap? 'Dvdkpdwfxm;rsdK;[m tifrwef rGefjrwfoefYpifwJh w&m; jzpfvdkY jA[®0d[m&w&m; vdkYac:wm/ jA[®0d[m&w&m; vdkY ygVdvdkac:aomfvnf; jrefrmvdkjyefawmh jA[®pdk&fw&m; vdaYk c:Muw,f/ trSew d m&w&m; f u,fuawmh jA[®0[ ayhgaemf/ jA[®pdk&fw&m; qdkwm jA[®p&d, eJYqdkifw,f/ jA[®p&d, qdkwm jrwfaomtusihfudk usihfoHk;jcif;vdkYqdkvdkw,f/ jA[®0d[m& qdkwm uawmh jrihjf rwfwahJ exkid rf jI zpfw,f/ 'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd English vdjk yefwt hJ cg rSm Nobel aboad vdjYk yefwmjzpfw,f/ 'Dpw d "f mwfawGeaYJ evd&Yk &dS if jrihjf rwf w,f/ pdw"f mwfujrihjf rwfonht f wGuaf Mumifh yk*Kd¾ v[ f mvnf; jrihjf rwfwhJ yk*¾dKvfjzpfoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumihfrdkY jA[®0d[m&w&m;av;yg; udk usihfoHk; Mu&r,f/ tyÜ r nm arwåm? u½kPm? rk'dwm? Oayu©m vdkYqdkwJh jA[®0d[m& w&m;av;yg; udk wpfenf;tm;jzihf ]]tyÜrnm}} vdkYvnf; ac:ao; w,f/ twkid ;f twm? tueft Y owf rxm;&r,hw f &m;vdYk t"dymÜ ,frw S &f r,f/ owå0gawGeJYywfoufNyD; at;..'DvlYudkawmhoem;w,f? [dkvlYudk awmh roem;bl;qdNk y;D twkid ;f twm tueft Y owfrsKd ; rxm;&bl;/ tJ'v D kd twdik ;f twm tueft Y owfxm;vd&Yk &dS if 'g[m ]]tyÜrnm}} r[kwaf wmh bl;/ owå0grSeo f rQtay:rSm wnDwnf;xm;Edik &f r,f/ tm;vH;k tay: rSm arwåm yGm;&ifvnf; wnDwnf;xm;Edkif&r,f/ u½kPm yGm;&ifvnf; d m 'kua© &mufaewJyh *k Kd¾ vo f wå0gawGtm;vH;k tay:rSm xm;Edik &f r,f/ rk'w xm;&ifvnf;yJ atmifjrifBuD;yGm;aewJhyk*¾dKvfawGtm;vHk;tay:rSm wnD wnf;xm;EdkifwmrsdK;jzpf&r,f/ tJ'Dvkdr[kwfbJeJY udk,feJYwnfhwJh yk*¾dKvf tay:rSm wpfrsKd ;? rwnhw f yhJ *k Kd¾ vt f ay:rSmwpfrsKd ;? tJ'v D x kd m;r,fq&kd if jA[ ®0d[m&w&m; vdkYrac:bl;/ 'g[m jA jA[ at;..'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd 'Dw&m;awG[m tueft Y owfrxm;bJeYJ

Limitless yGm;rsm;&r,hfw&m;jzpfw,f/ tm½Hkudk uefYowfrxm;&bl;/

at;..aumif;NyD? 'D u½kPmw&m; [m vlwkdif;rSm&SdoihfwJhw&m; jzpfaomfvnf;yJ omrefyk*¾dKvfawGrSmr&SdMubl;? vlwkdif;rSm r&SdMubl;/ tJ'gaMumifrh Ykd &Szd ?Ykd jzpfay:vmzdYk avhusi, fh &l r,fayhg/ odaYk omf vnf; wcsdKUwcsdKUaomyk*¾dKvfawGrSm ESvHk;om;u oefYpifrGefjrwfonhf twGuaf Mumih'f u k a© &mufaewJh yk*Kd¾ vaf wGtay:rSm xd'k u k t © cuftcJu ae vGwfajrmufatmifulnDay;csifwJhpdwfrsdK; arG;&mygtaersdK;yg&Sdw,f/ 'gvnf;taMumif;rJhr[kwfbl;/ b0gb0u avhusihfvmcJhvdkYomjzpfEdkif w,f/ wcsdKUyk*¾dKvfawGrSmusawmh Crual Heart &ufpufwJhESvHk;om;rsdK; &Sdw,fayhg/ tJ'Dvdk &ufpufwJhESvHk;om;&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfawG[m u½kPm eJY tvSrf;a0;aew,f/ tJ'Dvdkyk*¾dKvfrsdK;awGavmurSm trsm;BuD;yJ&Sdw,f/ at;..aumif;NyD? b0qnf;qm qdkwmudk t"dyÜm,fzGihfqdkMu&atmif/ b0qnf ; qm qnf;qm qkdwm ae0ifcsdefumvav;udkac:wmjzpfw,f/ ta&SUavmu"mwfu xGufay:vmwJhaerif;BuD;[m tcsdefwefwJhtcg tw¬awmifpGef;odkY 0ifa&mufaysmufuG,f&pNrJjzpfw,f/ vlawG&JUb0 (wenf;) yk*¾dKvfowå0gtm;vHk;wdkY&JU b0rSmvnf;yJ b0qnf;qm ae0if csdef (odkY) aemufqHk;aeY qdkwm&Sdw,faemf/ tJ'D b0qnf;qm tcsdef a&mufvmwJyh *k Kd¾ vw f pfa,muf[m ae0ifawmhr,hq f q J J rodwchJ &D;wpfck udkoGm;&rSmrdkYvdkY pdk;&drfaomua&mufae&w,f/ ae0ifoGm;NyDqdk&if tarSmifxkBuD;oef;awmhr,f/ vrf;c&D;rSm tEÅ&m,fawGuvnf; tvGerf sm;w,f/ tJ'v D t dk EÅ&m,frsm;wJv h rf;c&D;udk avQmufvSrf;wJhtcsdef[m ae0ifvdkYtvif;a&mifuif;rJhwJhtcsdefjzpfw,f/ tcuftcJawGtrsm;BuD;BuHKawGU&r,f/ xdkYtwlyJ b0qnf;qm qkdwJh ae0ifcsdefem;uyfvmNyDqdk&if awmh vlawG[m 'ku©a&mufMu&awmhwmygyJ/ tmPm&SdwJhola&m? tmPmrJw h o hJ yl g? csr;f omwJo h al &m? qif;&Jwo hJ yl g twlwyl gyJ/ b0qnf; qm a&mufvmNyDqdk&ifawmh u,fr,hfoleJY tvSrf;a0;vmNyD/ ]]twmaPm avmaum tebdóa&m}} wJ/h jrwfpmG bk&m; u avmuBuD;[m tumtuG,frJhaew,f/ b0qnf;qm a&mufvm wJh yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufudk b,folurS umuG,fay;vdkYr&ygbl;/ b0wpfck [m tarSmifusawmhr,f/ aojcif;w&m;eJY &ifqidk &f awmhr,fqw kd t hJ csed f [m oem;p&mtaumif;qHk;tcsdefygyJ/ ololudk,fudk,f b0qnf;qm a&mufvmNyDqdk&ifawmh b0

WE LIVE WITH DHAMMA KNOWLEDGE "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ wpf c k u d k tqH k ; owf & awmh r S m ygyJ / tJ ' D t qH k ; owf & cgeD ; tcsd e f a&muf v m NyD q k d & if oem;p&mtaumif;qHk;tcsdef a&mufvmNyD/ aojcif;w&m;eJY&ifqdkif&w,fqdkwJhae&mrSm vG,fvG,fululeJY aojcif;w&m;udk &ifqkdif&wmr[kwfbl;/ cufcufcJcJeJY aojcif;w&m;udk &ifqdkif&wmjzpfw,f/ avmurSm aerif;BuD;0ifoGm;NyDqdk&if a&SUavQmuf vSrf;&r,hfc&D;[m rjrif&awmhovdkygyJ/ b0rSm qnf;qmcsdef udk a&mufvmNyD/ 'Dae&mrSm rodEdkifwJht&mawG[m 5-rsdK;&Sdw,f/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

arQmf v ih f r aeeJ Y a wmh urÇmBuD;wJhvm; ae? v eJY Mu,fawGwJhvm;uG,f pOf;pm;ygtHk;/ /

KEEP NO HOPE Is it the earth?

Are they the Sun, the Moon and the Stars? keep on thinking.

'DurÇmudrk S om,mvSy y&ok'd¨ jyKr,fqdkwm [kwfrSmygvm;/

Is it true that is going to be changed into a paradise in the future?

It is a planet

urÇmqdkwmu N*dK[fwpfckr[kwfvm;/ pMu0VmxJrSm N*dK[fawG ra&rwGufEkdifatmif &SdvdkYae/ /

which is called the earth?

There are so many planets which you cannot count in the universe.

The earth being distroyed.

ysufaewJhurÇm jzpfaewJh urÇm jzpfwnfqJ urÇm jzpfNyD;&if ysurf ,fav/ /

The earth being in existence.

The running earth!

After all that it will disappear.

Can anyone save it?

b,folursm; u,frSmwJhvJuG,f/ / rif;e&dEm´ /

Min Nareinder

5

Ak'*¨ w D u d m q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) jA[® P 0*f - jA[® P tk y f p k yom' A[k v jA[® P 0w¦ K Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0w¦djynf aZw0efausmif;awmfü aeawmfrlaomtcg ]]yom'A[kv}} (tMunfnKdvGefaom) ykPÖm; onf &[ef;udjk rifvQif &[EÅm[k ac:a0:aom aMumihf &[ef;wdkYonf ukuúKpö (,kHrSm; oHo,) &Sdí bk&m;&Siftm; avQmuf&mwGif 'g,umwkdY MunfnKdíqkdonfü tmywfroihf/ þykPÖm; um; &[EÅmwdkYü tvGefjrwfEkd;\/ oifcspfom; wd k Y o nf wPS m tvsOf u k d j zwf í &[EÅ m jzpfatmif tm;xkwfukefavmh[k rdefYawmfrlí ]]qdE´ aomwH y&uúr®}} paom *gxmukd a[m awmfrlonf/ ]]qdE´ aomwH y&uúr®? umar yEk' jAm[®P/ ocFg&meH c,H ÚwGm? tuwnLod jA[®P}}/ jref r muAsm tkd..olawmfpif a&vsOfwPSm? jzwfy,fvkHYv umra&SmifcGm? ocFg&wkdY ysufzkdYodyg? rjyKtyf odvwf edAÁmefom/ Strive and cleave the stream; discard, O brahmana, sense- desires, knowing the destruction of life's constituents, thou art, O brahmana, a knower of the Uncreate (Nibbana).

pum;ajy/ / tkd (olawmfpif) &[ef; wPS m wnf ; [l a om a&tvsOf u k d BuKd ; pm; tm;xkwfí y,fjzwfygavmh/ umr*kPfwdkYukd y,favmh/ b0cE¨m (ocFg&)wdkY\ azmufjyef ysuf p D ; wwf a om oabmw&m;uk d o d í taMumif;w&m;wdkY rjyKjyiftyfaom edAÁmef w&m;ukd odxm;ol jzpfavmh/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

6

"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

r8¾if&Spfjzm omoem(7) rk H & G m aeZm Asoew&m;rsm;aMumih f aomu a&mufMuonf/ Asoew&m;ig;yg;&SdaMumi;f odMuNyD;jzpfonf/ od k Y & mwG i f yk x k Z Of v l o m;wd k Y o nf tyg,fav;yg;odkY usa&mufapEkdifaom ukd,f usihfoDvysufpD;jcif; (oDvAsoe)ESihf r*f? zkdvf? edAÁmefrS vTJapEkdifaom t,ltjrifysufpD;jcif; ('d|dAsoe)wdkY ysufpD;aeaomfvnf; aMumuf&GHU jcif;? wkefvIyfjcif;? xdwfvefYjcif;? pkd;&drfjcif; (aomu) rjzpfMuay/ usefAsoeokH;yg;jzpfMuaom ]Ówd Asoe} - trdtz aqGrsKd;Ówum? nDtpfukd? armifESr? vifa,musfm;? ZeD;r,m;? om;orD; rsm; ysupf ;D qk;H yg;oGm;aomtcgüvnf;aumif;]abm*Asoe} - pD;yGm;Opöm? tvkyftukdif? a&T? aiG? wkdufwm ponfrsm; ysufpD; qkH;yg;jcif;ESihf awGUBuKHaomtcgüvnf;aumif;]a&m*gAsoe}- a&m*ga0'emtrsK;d rsK;d usa&muf ESdyfpufojzihf aoqkH;jcif;BuKHMuaomtcgü vnf;aumif; pkd;&drfaomujzpfMuavonf/ aomu- pkd;&drfrI? aompe- pkd;&drfaomtjcif;t&m? aompdwwå- pkd;&drfaomtjzpf? taEÅmaomaum- twGif;xJrSm pkd;&drfrI? taEÅmy&daomaum- twGif;xJrSm pkd;&drfrI wd k Y o nf ]aomu}\ taMumif ; t&mrsm; jzpfMuygonf/ od&Yk mwGi-f ____ aomuolaX;rav; aomuukd &ifrSmykdufvdkY ____ wpkdufpkdufvmcJh rdw,f _____ &ifrSaomua0'em _____ ponfh aw;oGm;oHpOfrsm;rSm ½kd;roGm;ay/ r½k d ; Ek d i f a tmif cH p m;aeMuqJ y if j zpf o nf / aomur&SdvQif raewwfolrsm; jzpfaeMuav onf/ - yD,awm Zm,aw aomaum- cspfjcif; aMumih f aomujzpf \ / - ]aomuNid r f ; at; owd y |mef a q;} uk d raomufokH;EkdifMuygao;yguvm;/ ]y&d a '0} qk d w m bmvJ y&da'0ukd tvGefqkH;jrefrmjyefvQif ikad <u;jcif;? ylaqG;jcif;jzpfonf/ ysupf ;D rI Asoe w&m;rsm;ESihf awGUBuKHvmaomtcgtma'0- om;orD; ponfudk &nfñeT ;f í ikad <u;

jrnfwrf;jcif;/ y&da'0- olwdkYESihf qufpyfaom *kPfaus;Zl; awGukd ajymqkdíjrnfwrf;jcif;/ tma'0e- &nfñTef;íjrnfwrf;aom tjcif; t&mrsm;/ y&da'0dwwå- *kPfaus;Zl;awGukd &nfñTef;í ajymqkdí idka<u;jrnfwrf;aom jzpf&yfjzpfpOf rsm;ukd ]y&da'0} [k ac:qkd\/ ]uk d , f } qif ; &J j cif ; qk d w m bmvJ ukd,fqif;&Jjcif;rsm;ukd ]'ku©} [kac:onf/ awGUxdrIukdodaom um,yom'ukd rSDíjzpf aom qif;&Jjcif;ukd ]um,du'ku©}/ um,yom'ukd rSDíjzpfaom rom,mjcif;ukd ]um,du tomw}/ um,yom'ukd rSDí zó(tawGUxd)aMumihf jzpfaom a0'emukd ]um,oræóZm a0'em} [k ac:avonf/ þonfwdkYonf ]'ku©} jzpf av\/ ]a'greó} qk d w m bmvJ pdwfqif;&Jjcif;rsm;ukd ]a'greó} [kac:onf/ - apwodu'ku©- pdwfürDSaom qif;&JrI/ - apwodu tomw- pdwfürSDaom rom,m rI/ - raemoræóZm a0'em- pdwfürDSaom zó aMumihfjzpfaom? qif;&Jaom? rom,maom a0'emcHpm;rIrsm;onf a'greó ac: pdwf qif;&Jjcif;jzpf\/ ]Oyg,mo} qk d w m bmvJ ysufpD;jcif; Asoew&m;rsm;ESihf awGUBuKH&ifqkdif &aomtcgtm,mo- pdwfyifyef;jcif;/ Oyg,mo- pdwf\tvGeftrif;yifyef;jcif;? tm,modwwå- pdwf\tvGeftrif; yifyef; aomtjzpf jzpfpOfukd ]Oyg,mo} [kac:yg\/ tyÜ d a ,[d orÜ a ,m* 'k u © rcspfrESpfoufolwdkYESihf aygif;oif;ae&jcif; qif;&Jqkdwm bmvJ/ Ä þavmurSm rsufpdu jrif&aom ½lyg½kH? tqif;rsKd;pkH? jrifuGif;rsKd;pkH/ Ä em;jzihfMum;&aom em;axmif&aom o'´g½kH? toHrsKd;pkH/ Ä ESmacgif;jzihferf;½SL&aom &eHYrsKd;pkH? *E¨m½kH/ Ä vQm (yg;pyf)jzihf pm;aomuf t&omrsKd;pkH?

*E¨m½kH/ Ä ukd,fjzihf awGUxd&aom tawGUtxdrsKd;pkH azm|AÁm½kH/ Ä pdwfjzihf od&aom? BuHqawG;awmtyfaom tawG;rsKd;pkH "r®m½kH/ þodkY jrif? Mum;? eH? pm;? xd? od &aom tm½kHajcmufyg;wdkYonf olYtwGuftew¦umr- tusKd;rJhukd tvkd&Sdjcif;? t[dwumr- pD;yGm;rJhukd tvkd&Sdjcif;? tzmokuumr- rcsrf;omrIukd tvkd&Sdjcif;? ta,m*au©r- ab;&efruif;jcif;ukd tvkd&Sd jcif;wdkYom jzpfaeav&m xkdxkdtm½kH? xkdxkd ocFg&? xkdxkdowå0gwdkYESihfÄ o*Fwd- wpfaygif;wnf;jzpfaerI? Ä orm*r- twlwuG pnf;pnf;a0;a0;jzpfae rI? Ä oarm"ge- aygif;oif;qufqHae&rI? Ä rdóDbm0- a&maESmuRrf;0ifae&rIwdkYukd]tyÜda,[d orÜa,m*'ku©} rcspfrESpfoufol wdkYESihf twlwuGae&jcif;qif;&J[k ac:\/ yda,[d 0dyÜa,m* 'ku© cspfcifpkHruf ESpfoufolwdkYESihf auG uGif;&jcif;qif;&Jum; tb,fenf;/ tm½kHajcmufyg;? owå0g? ocFg&rsm; ESihf awGUqkHae&orQwdkYonf olYtwGuf tvdk &Sdtyfaom tm½kH? ESpfouftyfaom tm½kHwkdY jzpfyg\/ ol w d k Y o nf trd t zaomf v nf ; aumif;? nDtpfukdarmifESraomfvnf;aumif;? taqGcifyGef;aomfvnf;aumif;? rdBuD;rdaxG; paom aqGrsKd;rsm;aomfvnf;aumif; jzpftHh/ tusKd;ukdvkdvm;ol? tpD;tyGm;ukd tvkd&Sdol? csrf;omrI? ab;&efuif;rIukd tvkd&SdolwdkY jzpf Muyg\/ xkdolwdkYESihf twlwuG raygif;oif; rqufqH twlrae&jcif;onf qif;&J\/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / ) rk H & G m aeZm usrf ; uk d ; r[mowdy|meokwf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

7

t&d,mjzpfapcsiv f Ydk &S i f Ó P(zsmyH k ) bk&m;u ol&Y UJ om;awmfav; &m[kvm uk d a&T o l a X;BuD ; eJ Y w l a tmif jyKray;wm? &Sifbk&ifBuD;eJYwlatmif jyKray;wm? oHo&m 0#f q if ; &J r cH & apcsif v k d Y y g/ om;awmf a v; a&Tt;dk Bu;D av;vk;H vku d af wmif;aewm ray;wm vnf; 'DoabmyJayhg? wu,fvdkY ay;r,fqkd&if ay;vd&Yk wmyJ/ avmuDcsr;f omeJY om;awmfav; ukd csD;ajr§mufcsif&if a&Ttkd;BuD;av;vkH;ay;vkduf rSmayhg/ bk&m;ukd,fawmfwdkif ray;csif&if vnf; crnf;awmf? r,fawmfwdkYajr;awmfav; awmif;waewJh a&TawGay;vkdufMuprf;yg qkd vnf; &wmyJ/ tJ'v D dk om;awmfav;qE´twdik ;f vkdufavsmNyD; a&TawGay;NyD; a&TolaX;BuD; jzpf atmif jyKray;Ekdifbl;vm;? jyKay;EkdifpGrf;&Sdyg w,f/ 'gayr,hf jyKay;&JUvm;qkdawmh jyKray; bl;/ bmaMumihf jyKray;wmvJqadk wmh a&Toal X; BuD;b0qkdwmu tkd&w,f? em&w,f? ao& w,f? raumif;vdkYwJh-/ aojcif;w&m;qkdwm olaX; qif;&J om; rcGJjcm;bl;/ aocsdefus&if ao&rSmyJ/ ol a X;&,f ? qif ; &J o m;&,f ? ork w d y nwf oabmt&om uGmjcm;wmyg/ wu,fw h u,f usawmh olaX;BuD;vnf; oGm;usKd; qHjzL yg;a& em;a&wGefYwmyJ? qif;&Jom;vnf; 'Dvkdjzpf& wmyJ/ aemufqkH;tqihfusawmh olaX;BuD; tavmif;eJY qif;&Jom;tavmif; ESpfavmif; ,SOfNyD; yl;wGJxm;Munhfyg/ ol a X;BuD ; tavmif ; u arT ; w,f ? qif;&Jom;tavmif;u ykyfapmfeHw,fvdkY cGJjcm; Ekdifao;vm;/ olaX;BuD;aowmvnf; ykyfwm eHwmyJ/ qif;&Jom;aovnf; ykyfwmeHwmyJ/ ZeD;r,m;? vifa,musmf ;rsm;awmif tem;ruyf awmhygbl;/ olaX;tavmif;vnf; yk;d pm avmuf pmjzpfwmyJ/ qif;&Jom;tavmif;vnf; ykd;pm avmufpmygyJ/ bmrSrxl;jcm;ygbl;/ tNy;D owf usawmh ol a X;tavmif ; a&m? qif ; &J o m; tavmif;a&m? ajrMoZmb0eJY ukefaysmuf ysufpD;oGm;&wmyJr[kwfvm;/ olaX;BuD;eJYqif;&Jom;BuD; bmrsm; xl;ao;vJ/ bmrSrxl;ygbl;/ 'Doabmobm0 uk d bk & m;u jrif a wmf r l v d k Y om;awmf a v;

&m[kvmukd olaX;BuD;eJYwlatmif &Sifbk&ifBuD; eJw Y al tmif jyKray;bJ t&d,mtoGief w YJ al tmif yJ jyKay;awmhwmyg/ t&d,mtoGifwlatmif jyKay;NyD;awmh wpfcg t&d,mwdkYeJY tusihfwl atmif usihfckdif;w,f/ bmoabmvJqkdawmh t&d,mwdkYeJY tjrifwlapcsifvdkYyg/ 'gu om; awmf &m[kvmtay:xm;&SdwJh apwemouf oufr[kwfygbl;/ owå0gtm;vkH;tay:rSm xm;&SdwJhbk&m;&Sif&JU arwåmawmfygyJ/ wpfrsK;d ajym&r,fq&dk ifvnf; avmu rSm t&d,myk*¾KdvfwdkYeJY toGifwl? tusihfwl? tjrifwl yk*K¾ v d jf zpf&zkq Yd w dk m tvGecf , J Of;w,f/ &cJ w ,f ? 'D o abmaMumih f ]wl E k d i f c J o rQ wl a p&? avmutjrwf q k H ; ? toG i f ? tusihf? tjrifqihf &SifyihfomuDxkH;} vkdY qkd½kd; pum;awmif &S d y gw,f / tJ ' D v k d bk & m;&S i f ukd,fawmfjrwfBuD;u olY&JUom;awmfav;ukd t&d , mBuD ; awG e J Y toG i f t m;jzih f w l a tmif ? tusit fh m;jzihw f al tmif? tjriftm;jzihw f al tmif jyKoG m ;awmf r l w muk d twk , l N yD ; 'D u aeY Ak'¨bmom0if? om;&Sifrdb wdkif; rdrdwdkY&ifaoG; om;a,mufsm;av;rsm;ukd t&d,mBuD;awGeJY toGiw f al tmif? tusiw fh al tmif? tjriftMum; awG w l a tmif v d k Y &S i f o mraPjyKay;Muwm r[kwv f m;/ tJ'v D dk t&d,mawGeYJ toGi?f tusi?fh tjriftMum;wlapcsiMf uvdYk 'DuaeY om;awGudk &SifjyKay;Muwmjzpfygw,f/ bmjyKvdkY &SifjyKay; wm jrwfygvdrq hf adk wmh t&d,mBu;D awGeYJ toGif wlatmifjyKay;vdkYjrwfw,f/ tusihftm;jzihf wlatmifjyKwmaMumihf jrwfygw,f/ tjrif tMum;tm;jzifh wlatmifjyKay;vkdY jrwfw,f ayhg/ 'Dawmhum om;uav;ukd 'DuaeY &Sif omraP(ukd&iftjzpf) jyKay;vkdufwJhtwGuf 'Dom;av; tyg,frusa&mufEkdifawmhbl;/ omraPb0eJY oDvodu©mxdef;NyD;aer,fqkd &ifaygh/ vlY&Gm ewfxH csrf;ompHNyD; aemufqkH; edAÁmefukd rsufarSmufjyKEkdifygvdrfhr,f/ 'gqkd&if 'DuaeY omraPjzpfoGm;wJh om;av;[m tyg,f v G w f o G m ;wJ h o m;av;? ok*wdbkHb0a&mufr,fhom;av;? edAÁmefeJYa0; ao;vm;/ edAÁmefeJYeD;roGm;bl;vm;? edAÁmefeJY

eD;oGm;w,fqw dk m tked maoab;u tjrefvw G f r,fh t"dygÜ ,fa&mufygw,f/ tked maou vGwf ajrmufwm[m raumif;bl;vm;? tvGeaf umif; wmyg/ vlrSeforQ b,folYar;ar; tkdcsifwJhol &Sdovm;? emcsifwJhol&Sdovm;? aocsifwJhol &Sdovm;? aojcif;trsKd;rsKd;eJY aocsifygw,fqkd wJholaum (yg;pyfajymom) wu,fuawmh &Sdovm;/ wpfa,mufrS aocsifwJholr&Sdbl;/ tbkd;BuD;? tzGm;BuD;awGvnf; usef;usef;rmrm csrf;csrf;omomeJY touf&SifaecsifMuwmyJ/ vli,fawGqkd&ifawmh ao&r,fqkdwJhpum; Mum;awmifrMum;csifMubl;r[kwfvm;/ 'DoabmaMumihf tkdemaou rvGwf csifMubl;vm;ar;&if vltm;vkH;u vGwfcsif w,fvdkYyJ ajzrSmaocsmw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm olwdkY vGwcf siw f mu EkysKv d ef;qef;wuf<uwJt h &G,ef YJ vlYb0rSm umr*kPfpnf;pdrfcHpm;NyD; rtkd? rem? rao&wJhenf;rsKd;eJY vGwfcsifMuwm/ 'Dvkdawmh tkdemaob0u vGwfajrmuf½kd;xkH;pHr&Sdbl; qkw d m oabmaygufzYkd ta&;Bu;D w,f/ wu,f wef; tkdemaou vGwfajrmufEkdifwm/ t&d,m wdeYk YJ toGi?f tusi?fh tjrifwal tmif aqmif&u G f EkdifrS tkdemaoab;u vGwfajrmufEkdifwmrsKd;? tckom;uav;ukd rdbawGu ukd&if0wfay; vkdufawmh oDvodu©mawGapmihfxdef;NyD; 'Dom; omraPuk d & if a v; t&d , mtusih f a wG u k d usihfBuHtm;xkwfvkdufr,fqkd&if 'DomraP ukd&ifav;[m t&d,mwdkY&JUtjriftMum;awG &&SdNyD; oHo&m0#fqif;&Ju vGwfajrmufoGm;Ekdif ygw,f/ om; oHo&m0#fu vGwfajrmufoGm; wm[m bmaMumihfvJqkdawmh t&d,mwkdYeJY toGiw f al tmif? tusiw fh al tmif? tjriftMum; wlatmif rdbESpfyg;wdkYu ypö,mEk*¾[tm;jzihf pmrsuf E S m 9 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

8

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G;? bmomra&G;? avmuom;tm;vkH;twGufjzpfonf/

tavmif;awmfb0 oDvyg&rD ynmEG , f ({&majr-"Ek j zL) vGefavNyD;aomtcgu &mZN*dK[fNrdKU 0,f rm*"rif;BuD;rif;jyKpOf bk&m;tavmif; awmfonf xkdrif;\ rdzk&m;acgifBuD; 0rf;Adkufü oaE¨ w nf í zG m ;jrif a omtcg 'k a ,sm"e rif;om;[l í trnf w G i f x if & S m ;avonf / xdkrif;om; av;onf t&G,fa&mufvwfaomf wuú o d k v f j ynf ü tvH k ; pH k a omtwwf u d k qnf;yl;í jyefvmaomtcg zcifbk&ifBuD;u tbdodufoGef; rif;tjzpfwifajr§mufí? zcif udk,fwkdifurl &aoh &[ef;jyKum O,smOfü aeavonf/ bk & m;tavmif ; 'k a ,sm"ebk & if uvnf; wpfaeYoHk;BudrfoGm;um ylaZmfav\/ xdkYaMumifh zcif&aohBuD;tm; BuD;us,faom vmbf y l a Zmf o uú m &jzpf a vaomf ? vmb ouúm&wdkY\ taESmihft,SufaMumifh &aoh BuD;rSm uodkPf;y&duHudkrQ jyKjcif;iSm rpGrf; EdkifaomaMumifh om;jzpfolbk&iftm; rajym Mum;bJ t&yfwyg;odkY xGufcGmoGm;avawmh onf/ ocFygvtkdifrSpD;qif;vmaom uPÖ a0PÖmrnfaom jrpftauGU pE´uawmifurkd í DS opf & G u f r d k ; ausmif ; ocF r f ; aqmuf v k y f u m psmeftbdnmOfwdkYudkjzpfapvsuf qGrf;cHpm;jcif; jzihf rQwum oDwif;oHk;aexkdifavonf/ 'DtcgrSm BuD;us,faomtNcHt&HESifh jynhfpHkwJh ocFygve*g;rif;BuD;[m uPÖa0PÖm jrpfrSxGufí &Hzef&Hcg &aohBuD;\w&m;udk emavonf/ zcif&aohBuD;udk jrifvdkwJh bk&m; tavmif; 'ka,sm"erif;BuD;[m tBudrfBudrf vkduf&Sm&if; þt&yfrSmaeaMumif;od&wJhtcg rSm zcif&Sd&mt&yfodkY tNcHt&HESihfwuGoGm; avonf/ bk&m;tavmif; 'ka,sm"erif;BuD; oGm;wJhtcsdefrSmyJ ocFygve*g;rif;BuD;vnf; a&mufae\/ e*g;rif;Bu;D vnf; bk&m;tavmif; 'ka,s"erif;Bu;D udk jrifwt hJ cgrSm olvmjcif;udpö Ny;D wmrdYk olaeYxidk &f mt&yfoYkd jyefomG ;avonf/ 'ka,sm"erif;Bu;D vnf; zcif&aohBu;D udk &Scd ;kd Ny;D onhaf emuf y#doE¦m&jyKíxdik &f m ]]t&Sib f &k m;t&Sifbk&m;wdkYtxHodkYvmaom þrif;onf tb,frnfaomrif;jzpfygoenf;}} [k ar; avQmufwt hJ cgrSm? ]om;awmf- þrif;onfum;

ocFygve*g;rif;rnfayonf} [k ajzMum;av onf/ xdktcg tavmif;awmf'ka,sm"e rif;BuD;onf ocFygve*g;rif;\pnf;pdrfudkjrif í e*g;bHkü wyfrufrIavmbjzpfum ESpf&ufç oHk;&ufrQaexkdifí zcif&aohBuD;udk vkyfauR; um rdrad exdik &f m NrKd UawmfojYkd yefomG ;Ny;D aemuf NrdKUawmf\wHcg;av;aygufwdkYü tvSLZ&yfBuD; av;ck w d k Y u d k aqmuf v k y f a pum ZrÁ L 'd y f u d k acsmufcsm;tHhMoapvsuf 'geudkjyKç oDvudk aqmufwnfí e*g;bHkudk qkawmif;cJhjcif; aMumifh oufwrf;ukeo f nht f cg e*g;bHük jzpf&í ocFygv e*g;rif;[kyif trnfwGifavonf/ xdkocFygv e*g;rif;BuD;onf tcsdef Mumvmonh f E S i f h t rQ e*g;pnf ; pd r f a y:ü NiD;aiGUjcif;jzpf&um; vlYjynfudk awmif;wvsuf OykofapmifhoHk;avonf/ ocFygve*g;rif;BuD; onf e*g;bHkü OykofapmihfoHk;jcif;jyKonhf tcgwdkif;wdkYü oDvysufjcif;odkY a&muf&í e*g;bH k r S x G u f u m uPÖ a 0PÖ m jrpf t eD ; vrf;rBuD;ESifh vloGm;vrf;av;ckqkH&mwdkY\ tv,fü awmifydkYwpfckudk&pfywfí oDv aqmufwnfum ]]ig\ta&tom; ponf wdkYjzihf tvdk&SdolwdkYonf ta&tom; ponf wdkYudk ,laqmifMuap}} [k rdrd\ udk,fcE¨mudk tvSL'ge\ t0ü pGefYvSLum awmifydkYxdyfü td y f v suf &[ef ; w&m;ud k tm;xk w f u m q,f h a v;&uf ç q,f h i g;&uf Oyk o f a eY w d k Y ü aeNyD;vQif OykofxGufvwfaomf e*g;bHkodkY jyefavonf/ bk & m;tavmif e *g;rif ; BuD ; onf wpf a eY o ü oD v aqmuf w nf í td y f a epOf ypöEÅ&mZf&GmüaeMuaom vlwpfq,hfajcmuf a,mufwo Ykd nf tom;ud, k al qmifMu&ef tBuH jzihf vufeufwdkYudkifqGJum xGufvmvwfaomf bmtom;rSr&Muí awmeufrS jyefxGufvm MupOf awmifyx Ykd yd üf tdyaf eaom e*g;rif;Bu;D udk jrifí ]]igwdkY 'DaeYbmtom;rS r&cJhMu? odkYygí þe*g;rif;BuD;udk owfum cGJpm;MuukeftHh} [k wdkifyifNyD;vQif BuD;aome*g;rif;BuD;udk zrf;,l tyfaomf xGuaf jy;jcif;rjyKbJ tdyaf eonht f wkid ;f yif xdke*g;rif;\tacGü wHusifrsm;jzihfxdk;um

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ tavmif;awmfe*g;rif;udk xrf;ydk;jzihf o,f,l oGm;aeaom &Gmom;wdkYudkjrifí xdk&Gmom; wpf q ,f h a jcmuf a ,muf w d k Y t m; 0ef a qmif EGm;vm;wpfq,fhajcmufaumifwdkYESihf twl a&T r sm;? t0wf w ef q mrsm;ud k a y;í e*g; rif;BuD;udk vTwfvkdufavonf/ vGwfajrmufNyD;&m xdktcgü e*g;rif; BuD;onf e*g;bHkodkYjyefí tcsdefrMumapbJ BuD;us,faomtNcHt&HwdkYESihf xGufvmNyD;vQif ol<u,fxHodkYcsOf;uyfum e*g;bHk\*kPfwdkYudk ajymMum;í xdt k mVm&ol<u,fuakd c:aqmifum e*g;bHük e*g;ysKd roH;k &mwdEYk iS t fh wl ol<u,ftm; BuD;us,faomtNcHt&Hudkay;í ewfumr*kPf wdkYjzihf aumif;pGmESpfoufapavonf/ tmVm&ol < u,f v nf ; e*g;bH k ü wpfESpfrQ aexkdifNyD;aemuf ]]taqGe*g;rif;uREykf f &[ef;jyKjcif;iSm tvk&d ydS g\}} [k e*g;rif; tm;ajymMum;í &aoh&[ef; y&du&© mwdu Yk , kd Nl y;D vQif &aoh&[ef;jyKum [dr0EÅmt&yfü Mumjrifh pGmaexdik Nf y;D ? aemuftcgü a'opm&D vSnv fh nf vwf a omf Am&mPoD j ynf o d k Y a&muf í rif;O,smOfüaeNy;D aemufwpfaeYü qGrf;vdkYiSm eef ; awmf o d k Y 0 if a vonf / xd k t cg tmVm& &aohudk Am&mPoDrif;jrifí £&d,m ykxfü Munf n d K aomaMumif h yif h a pí cif ; xm; tyfaomae&müxdik af pNy;D vQif aumif;jrwfaom tm[m&abmZOfudk auR;arG;qufuyfapNyD; aemuf edru hf sae&müxdik v f su&f cdS ;dk um &aohBu;D ESifhtwl pum;ajymMum;avonf/ bk&ifBuD;u- ]]t&Sif&aoh tb,f tusdK;iSm &[ef;jyKygoenf;}} [k ar;avaomf? &aohBuD;u -tmEkabmfBuD;aom ocFygve*g; rif;\ bHkAdrmefudkjrifívnf;aumif;? ukodkvf aumif;rIwdkY\ BuD;aomtusdK;udkjrifívnf; aumif;? o'¨gw&m;jzihf &[ef;jyKcJhygonf[k ajzMum;avonf/ xdktcg bk&ifBuD;u t&Sif bk&m;- &aoh&[ef;rsm; rkom;rajymaMumif; odyg\/ wynhaf wmfrmS t&Sib f &k m;\ pum;udk Mum;&í tvGefMunfndKrI0rf;omrI jzpf&ygvdrfh rnf? qufvufí rdefYMum;awmfrlyg[k avQmuf xm;aomtcg tmV&&aohu- tavmif;awmf e*g;rif;BuD; taESmiftzGJUrS vGwfajrmufcJhyHk? oDvapmifhxdef;cJhyHk? wpfESpfMum olaexdkifcJhyHk? tavmif;awmfe*g;rif;Bu;D ç e*g;pnf;pdrrf sm; &&Sd cJyh ?kH e*g;pnf;pdrüf Ni;D aiGUjcif;jzpfí r*fzv kd ef Ad mÁ ef wnf;[laom pifMu,faMumif;w&m;udk vljY ynfç vlYb0üom jyef&í Zmwdç r&PtqHk;udkjyK&ef Oyk o f a pmih f y gonf [ k ajzMum;tyf a om tavmif ; awmf e *g;rif ; \pum;ud k M um;&í

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/

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Ak'¨\ukd,fpm;vS,fawmfrsm; oQif a wZrmvm(e*g;ay:) rm&fewfrif;\ avQmufxm;awmif;yef rIaMumihf y&dedAÁmefjyKawmhrnf[k jrwfAk'¨ rdefY awmf r l c J h \ / trS e f t m;jzih f jrwf A k ' ¨ u m; y&dedAÁmefjyKvkdao;[efr&ay/ y&dedAÁmefrjyKrD okH;vtvkduyifvQif &SiftmeE´mrax&ftm; ]]tmeE´ m ? igbk & m;onf £'¨ d y g'f ( 4)yg;? t"d y wd (4)yg;? aAmZÑif ( 7)yg;w&m;wd k Y u k d om yG m ;pD ; í aeonf & S d a omf tm,k u yf ywfvkH;wnfaeawmfrlEkdif\/ xkdxuf tvGef wpfurÇmvkH;vnf; wnfaeawmfrlEkdif\}} [k ouf a wmf t &S n f w nf w H h í aeEk d i f a Mumif ; t&dyfedrdwfjzihf okH;Budrfwkdifatmif rdefYawmf rlzl;\/ okdYaomf &SiftmeE´mrax&f\ owd cRwaf csmaf erIaMumihv f nf;aumif;? rm&fewfrif; \ awmif ; yef a vQmuf x m;rI a Mumih f v nf ; aumif ; ? y&d e d A Á m ef j yKawmf r l & ef y#d n mOf cHvkduf&\/ omoemawmf\ acgif;aqmifBuD; jzpfaom jrwfAk'¨ y&dedAÁmefjyKawmfrlaomf ukd,f awmfwkdif av;oacsFESihf urÇmwpfodef;umv ywfvkH; tyifyef;cH qif;&J'ku©cHí yg&rDawmf (10)yg;? pGefYjcif;BuD;(5)jzmjzihf BuD;pGmaom ay;qyfrw I u Ykd jdk yKí wnfaxmifcahJ om omoem awmfBuD;twGufum; pdwfrat;Ekdifp&may/ (24) em&DywfvkH; tyifyef;cH tcsdefukefcHí tvkyfvkyfxm;orQonf wpfeyfpmxrif;pm; avmuf½kHrQjzihfom ukefqkH;oGm;ouJhodkY ra& wGufEkdifaom b0b0wdkYjzihf tyifyef;cHí usihfBuHcJhorQ omoemawmfonf jrwfAk'¨\ wpfb0pmjzihfom ukefqkH;&jcif;um; vkH;0 rjzpfoihfay/ þtwl ESpf(5000) ig;axmif [lonfvnf; jrwfAk'¨ tyifyef;cHcJh&onhf b0 aygif ; rsm;pG m ES i h f u m; rEI d i f ; pmavmuf a y/ odkYaomf jrwfAk'¨um; y&dedAÁmefjyKcJhavNyD/ y&dedAÁmefjyKrnf[k y#dnmOfcHawmfrl &jcif;onfvnf; omoemawmfukd ukd,fawmf wkdif pdwfcs,kHMunfpGmjzihf vufvTJxm;cJhvdkjcif; aMumihf jzpfyg\/ pdwfcspGm qufcHEkdifrnhf yk*¾Kdvfrsm;&Sdonf[kvnf; ,kHMunfxm;jcif; aMumihfjzpf\/ ,if;yk*¾KdvfwdkY[lonf omoemh 0efxrf; &Sif&[ef;awmfrsm;om jzpfyg\/

]]tyÜrma'e orÜma'x}} [laom owday;w&m;awmfjzihf xyfumxyfum rSmMum; í ukd,fawmf\omoemukd rsufuG,fü t&Snf wnfwHhapcsifcJh\/ xkdodkY omoemawmfukd rsufuG,fjyKxm;cJh&mü wynhf&[ef;wdkYtm; txl;wvnf ,kHMunfpdwfcscJh\/ tm;ukd;cJh\/ ,kHMunftm;ukd;tm;xm;jyKcJhívnf; rsufuG,f jyKum tyfESHcJhjcif;omjzpfyg\/ wynhf&[ef; wd k Y u omvQif ok w f ç tbd " r® m ç 0d e nf ; [l a om yd # uwf a wmf w k d Y u k d xd e f ; od r f ; apmih f a &S m uf M uvd r f h r nf / xk d o d k Y xd e f ; od r f ; apmih f a &S m uf í raysmuf rysuf & S d a erS o m vQif Ak ' ¨ o moemawmf B uD ; onf t&S n f wnf w H h a evd r f h r nf [ k jrwf A k ' ¨ od & S d a wmf rl\/ omoemawmfukd tyfESHcJh&mü wynhf &[ef;oHCmawmfwdkYukd tb,frQ ,kHMunf tm;uk;d oenf;[lr-l wpf a eY rd a xG ; awmf a *gwrD o nf uk d , f w k d i f pD r H & uf v k y f í csKyf q k d ; tyf a om ouFef;tpkHukd jrwfAk'¨tm; vSL'gef;av\/ þodkY vSL'gef;&mü rdaxG;awmfwGif &nf&G,f csufwpfck&Sd\/ ,if;&nf&G,fcsufum; ]]ighom; awmf bk&m;jzpfNyD;uwnf;u xl;jcm;rGefjrwf onhf ypönf;[lorQ rvSL'gef;&ao;? þouFef; tpkHukd ihgom;awmf0wf½kH&eftwGufom jzpfap &rnf}} [laom &nf&, G cf suyf ifjzpf\/ odaYk omf jrwfAk'¨um; rdaxG;awmf\ouFef;ukd cH,ljcif; rjyKay/ wynhf&[ef;wdkYtm;omvQif &nfñTef; ap\/ tvSLcH&ef okH;BudrfokH;cg awmif;yefyg aomfvnf; okH;BudrfvkH;yif y,fawmfrl\/ rdaxG;awmfonf okH;BudrfrQ y,fcs cH&aomfvnf; ol\&nf&G,fcsufukdum; ZGJ

ravsmh/ tmeE´mrax&fjrwfxH csOf;uyfí tultnDawmif;jyefao;\/ rax&fjrwfvnf; rdaxG;awmf\tultnDawmif;rIukd vufcHí jrwfAk'¨xH csOf;uyf&av\/ ]]jrwf p G m bk & m;? rd a xG ; awmf o nf t&Sifjrwfbk&m;tay:ü aus;Zl;awmf*kPftm; jzihf BuD;rm;vSyg\/ t&Sifjrwf\r,fawmf t&if;uG,v f eG o f mG ;aomtcg rdaxG;awmfonf om;t&if;jzpfaom eE´rif;om;ukdyif EkdYxdef;wdkY xH tyfESHí t&Sihftm; EkdYcsKdwdkufauR; ,k, ykdufaxG;um jyKpkapmihfa&Smufvm&yg\/ xkdY aMumihf þaus;Zl;*kPfwdkYukd axmufq iJhn§m oem;aomtm;jzihf rdaxG;awmf\tvkdukd jynhf ygap? rdaxG;awmf\ouFef;ukd cH,lawmfrlyg}} ]]tmeE´m? igbk&m;\oufwrf;onf wdkawmif;vS\/ oufwrf;tm;jzihf (80) wnf; om/ xkdYaMumihf igbk&m;\rsufuG,fü usef&pf rnhf omoemawmfonf wynhf&[ef;wdkYom qufvufxed ;f odr;f Mu&ayrnf/ tb,faMumihf &[ef;wdkYtm; vSL'gef;&ef igbk&m;&nfñTef; wd k u f w G e f ; apoenf ; [l r l þod k Y ñT e f M um; wkdufwGef;rSomvQif tm;vkH;aom 'g,um 'g,dumrwdkYonf &[ef;wdkYtm; vSL&aumif; rSef; odayvdrfhrnf/ 'g,um 'g,dumrtaygif;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;u tvGef&if;ESD;aom rdaxG;awmf ukdyif &[ef;wdkYtm;vSL'gef;&ef wkdufwGef;awmf rl a yonf / &[ef ; wd k Y t m; vS L 'gef ; &jcif ; \ tusKd ; tmed o if o nf rsm;jym;jcif ; aMumih f wdu k w f eG ;f jcif;jzpfayvdrrhf nf[k &[ef;wdt Yk ay: ü o'¨gw&m;xufoefvmum ouFef;? qGrf;? ausmif;? aq;? ypönf;av;yg;wdkYudk vSL'gef;Mu

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

ayvdrfhrnf/ odkYrSom igbk&m;\wynhf&[ef; wdt Yk m; ypön;f av;yg;twGuf ryifyef;bJ r*f zkv d f edAÁmef&aMumif; tusihfaumif;ukd csrf;om pGm usih f B uH E k d i f M uayrnf / igbk & m; a[mMum; cJ h a om y&d , wå d w &m;"r® w d k Y u k d quf v uf oifMum;ydkYcsum omoemawmfukd t&Snfwnf wHhatmif aqmif&GufEkdifMuayvdrhfrnf/ tmeE´ m ? oif a vQmuf x m;onh f twd k i f ; rd a xG ; awmf o nf igbk & m;tay:ü aus;Zl;*kPaf wG rsm;jym;vSaomaMumihf igbk&m; tm; rvS L 'gef ; apbJ &[ef ; wd k Y t m;omvQif vSL'gef;&ef wdkufwGef;&jcif;jzpfayonf}} [k jrwfAk'¨ rdefYMum;awmfrlcJh\/ teD ; uyf tvk y f t auR;jzpf a om tmeE´mrax&fjrwfonfyif awmif;yefavQmuf xm;ír&/ &[ef ; awmf r sm;jzpf a om oH C m &wemtm;omvQif &nfñTef;ap\/ trSeftm; jzihf þom"uonf jrwfAk'¨u oHCmukd ta&; ay;aMumif;? tav;xm;aMumif; jyqkdjcif;jzpf \/ xkdodkY ta&;ay; tav;xm;&jcif;onf vnf; &nf&G,fcsuf&SdcJhayvdrfhrnf/ &nf&G,fcsufum; jrwfAk'¨ukd,fawmf wkdif 'g,um 'g,dumwdkY\vSL'gef;aom vmbf vmbukd &[ef;oHCmwkdY &apvkdjcif;jzpf\/ &[ef;wdkY vmbfvmbr&Sm;yg;bJ vkHvkHavmuf avmuf&SdrSomvQif omoemawmfü aysmfarGU EkdifMuayrnf/ raMumihfrMu rawmifhrwjzihf omoemawmftm; xrf;aqmifEkdifMuayrnf/ &[ef ; awmf w d k Y xrf ; aqmif r S o mvQif þ omoemawmfBuD; t&SnfwnfwhHckdifNrJEkdifay rnf/ omoemawmfBuD; t&SnfwnfwHhckdifNrJ rSomvQif a0ae,sowå0gtaygif;wdkY\ rSDckd tm;xm;&monf NrJNrHaeayvdrhfrnf/ tu,fí um; omoemawmf uG,faysmufcJhygrl rdrdwdkY\ b0onf ck d u k d ; &mrJ h u m arS m if a omnü prf;w0g;0g;avQmufae&ouJo h Ykd OD;wnf&mvrf; onf vGJacsmfaeayawmhrnf/ qm;rygonhf [if;vsmwpfcGufuJhodkY t&m&monf ayghysuf ysuf j zpf a eayawmh r nf / b0onf jynh f p k H vkHavmufrIr&Sd? tNrJwrf; vpf[maerIcsnf;om jzpfaeayawmhrnfwnf;/ Ak'¨bmom0ifwdkY\,Ofaus;rI *kPf odu©monf omoemawmfjrwfBuD;u xdef;odrf; xm;jcif;aMumifhomjzpfyg\/ omoemawmf jrwfBuD;u xdef;odrf;xm;íom rdrdwdkY ukd,frIç EIwfrIç pdwfrIü ,Ofaus;aejcif;jzpf\/ tcsKdU aomf ,if ; od k Y x d e f ; od r f ; xm;onh f M um;rS y if ukd,ftrlt&m? EIwftrlt&m? pdwftrlt&mwdkY

A½kwfusvGef;\/ ½kdif;ysvGef;\/ odkYwkdifatmif omoemawmfBuD; wnf&SdaeonhfMum;rSyif tcsKdUtcsKdUaomyk*¾KdvfwdkY\ ,Ofaus;rIonf ysupf ;D aeMuNyq D v dk Qif tu,fíum; omoem awmfjrwfBuD; uG,faysmufcJhygrl tb,fokdY &Sdacsrnfenf;/ xkdYaMumihf t"dutcsuftm;jzihf a0ae,swdkY\ b0wefqmjzpfaom omoem awmfjrwfBuD;ukd ckdifcHhwnf&SdaeEkdifzkdY vkdtyf yg\/ omoemawmfjrwfBuD; t&SnfwnfwHh EkdifzkdYqkdonfrSm tb,fyk*¾KdvfwdkYü ta&;yg oenf;[lrl txufwGif jyqkdcJhNyD;jzpfaom jrwfAk'¨\,kHMunftm;ukd;rIcH,l&onhf wynhf &[ef;awmfwdkYomvQif ta&;yg t&ma&muf Ekdif\/ jrwfAk'¨ ,kHMunftm;ukd;xkdufolyDyD

omoemawmfukd qxufxrf;ykd; BuKd;pm;í o,fykd;Mu&ayrnf/ þodkY &[ef;awmfwdkYu a&S U aqmif O D ; &G u f j yKí omoemh w m0ef u k d pGrf;pGrf;wrH xrf;aqmifaeckduf tdrf&mwnf axmif vlwkdYabmifrS 'g,um 'g,dumrwdkY onfvnf; wpfbufwpfvrf;rS ouFef;? qGrf;? ausmif;? aq; ypönf;av;yg;wdkYjzihf yHhykd;ay;Mu &if; ]]uRe;f ukid ;f rDS ukid ;f uRe;f rS}D } qko d uJo h Ykd tcsi;f csif; tjyeftvSef aus;Zl;jyKMu&ayrnf/ odkYrS om rdrw d \ Ykd Ak'b ¨ mom omoemawmfjrwfBu;D onf rwfrwfcidk cf idk f r,kid rf eJb Y J t&Snw f nfwHh aeEkid rf nfomwnf;/ oQif a wZrmvm(e*g;ay:) usrf ; ñT e f ; r[mAk'0¨ if

pmrsuf E S m 10 rS 'Dae&mwGif bmoma&;tcef;u@ u ta&;ygvmonf / vl a wG bmaMumih f bmoma&;ukd tav;ay;ovJ[k ar;ygu tEÅ&m,fjzpfrSmaMumufvdkY[k tESpfcsKyfajz &rnfyifjzpf\/ ,ck owå0gawG 'ku©ay: wufxkdufaerdNyD/ bmoma&;ukdom tm;ukd; &awmhrnfjzpf\/ cufonfu bmoma&; uvnf; tueft Y owfEiS jfh zpfonf/ olaY bmif xJrSm&SdrS ulnDay;vkdY&\/ olYabmifxJuvGwf aevQif bmrSrwwfEkdif/ bmoma&;\tul tnDonf owå0gawGtay:rSm jyefvnfouf a&muf a ejyef \ / bmoma&;uk d rul n D &aumif;vm;[k tjypfwifvdkYr&/ rjzpf c if u awmh bmoma&;u urÇmukdzsufqD;rJh tEkdif,lvdkpdwfudk ty&d [med, (rysufpD;aMumif;w&m;awG) eDwdawG r*Fvmw&m;awGESihf xdef;csKyfygao;onf/ odaYk omf xkw d &m;awGukd b,fEpS af ,mufursm; vk d u f e m usih f B uH M uygoenf ; / oif h y g; wpfbufudk ½kdufvQif usefwJhyg;wpfbufukd xkd;ay;vkdufygqkdaom or®musrf;pmvmpum; wd k Y u k d b,f o l a wG u rsm; b,f a vmuf x d vku d ef mMuygoenf;/ uk, d u fh dk ESpaf ygif;rsm;pGm tusO;f cscw hJ o hJ u l ydk if jyefvnfuvJph m;racswhJ tmz&d u ol a wmf p if e,f v f q if r if ' J v m; vdkyk*¾KdvfawG b,fESpf a,mufrsm; &SdcJhygovJ/ rif;uGef;q&mawmfBuD;vkd rmomx&DZmvkd [ife&D';l eefv Y kd yk*K¾ v d af wG b,fEpS af ,mufrsm; &SdcJhygoenf/ pma&;ol&JU tawG;rsm; pOfquf rjywfEidk af wmh/ ,SOfNyKdifjcif;ukd vufa0SUyGJwpfckvkdY

rjrifEkdifao;orQumvywfvkH; tEkdif,lvkdpdwf jzihf ,SOfNyKdifaeMuOD;rnfomjzpf\/ vufa0SUyGJ wpfyGJonf ½IH;olEkdifol ESpfOD;vkH; 'Pf&mawGeJY omjzpf\/ þü bk&m;&Sif&JUtqkH;trawGukd a&;jycsifygao;onf/ bk&m;&Sifu ya&p e0dZmeEÅd r, arw¦ ,rmrao = ynmenf ; wJ h w csKd U ol awG [ m wd k Y a orS m ygvm;qk d w m owd r & Mubl;/ a,powå 0dZmeEÅd oawm orEÅd ar'*g = ynm&S d w pf c sKd U uawmh wpf a eY wd k Y a orS m ygvm;qk d w mod w J h t wG u f a Mumih f ck d u f & ef a 'gorjzpf M ubl ; / Z,H a0&H yo 0wD = EkdifwJholrSm &efrsm;w,f? 'ku©Haowd y&mZdawm= ½IH;wJholu pdwfqif;&J&w,f/ OyoaEÅ m ok c H aowd [d w G m Z, y&m Z,H = pdwfxJrSm Nidrf;csrf;aewJholuawmh tEdkift½IH;ESpfckvHk;ukd pGefYNyD;awmh csrf;csrf; omomae&w,f/ þuJhodkY a[mxm;awmf rlcJh\/ tem&SdvQif aq;&Sdygonf/ tvSrf; us,v f Ykd tv,fvyfcw hJ ,fq&dk ifvnf; jyefvnf jyKjyifvdkY &aumif;yg\/ avmuNidrf;csrf;zdkY twGuf rSefuefaom bmoma&;owday;csuf awG a[majymcsuf a wG rsm;pG m &S d y gonf / vkdufemusihfBuH BuKd;pm;MuzdkYom t"duus\/ NyKdifvmvQif t½IH;ay;? ESvkH;at;onhfaq;[k oabmxm;EkdifygvQif avmu\ Nidrf;csrf; jcif ; vrf ; puk d a wG U NyD [ k xif j rif r d y g\/ t&S i f * k P ao| (pwk b k r ® d u ) usrf ; uk d ; "r® y '

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

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DHAMMA TALKS

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DHAMMA NEWS "r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/

17

r[mtwmoBuFeftcgawmftwGif; v,fwD0dyóem txl; w&m;pcef; rsm;zGihfrnf aus;Zl;awmf&Sif urÇmausmfr[max&fausmf yxrv,fwD q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;\ 'DyeDusrf;aygif; (100)ausmfwdkY\ tqDtESpfjzpf aom v,fwD0dyóemxGef;um; jyefYyGm;a&;udk &nfoefvsuf? jrefrmEkdif iHv;kH qdik &f m v,fwu D r®Xmemp&d,tzGUJ Ouú|? v,fw0D yd óem jyefyY mG ; a&;A[kdtzGJUcsKyf Mo0g'gp&d,? &efukefNrdKU r&rf;ukef;NrdKUe,f? em*vdkPf*l bk&m;ukef;ajr uav;0awm& pmoifwdkuf y"me em,u? 'Gdyd#u "& 'G d y d # uaum0d ' ? t*¾ r [m*E¦ 0 gpu y@d w ? t*¾ r [my@d w ? t*¾r[mur®|memp&d,? v,fwb D '´EZÅ m*&mbd0o H r[max&fBu;D Muyf rIjzihf 1372 ck ,ckESpf aESmif;wefcl;vqef; (10)&uf? (13-4-2011) Ak'¨[l;aeYnae (5)em&DtcsdefwGif r[mtwmoBuFeftcgawmftwGif; v,f f w D 0 d y óemtxl ; w&m;pcef ; rsm;ud k jref r mEk d i f i H t0ef ; &S d atmufazmfjyyg w&m;pcef;toD;oD;wdkYwGif wpfcsdefwnf; wNydKifwnf; zGihfvSpfusif;yrnf[kod&Sd&onf/ Ed k i f i H t 0ef ; txl ; w&m;pcef ; rsm; (1) &efukefem*vdkPf*lbk&m;ukef;ajr uav;0awm& OD;aumrv?

OD;oef;cif? a':t&d,eE´?D a':0dvmoD? a':0PÖpm&D? a':,oeE´/D (2) &efukefv,fwDrl 0dyóemur®|mef;ausmif;wdkuf-OD;aumov’ OD;0ZD&? OD;odef;[ef/ (3) wGHaw;NrdU 0dZÆmnDaemif? v,fwD0dyóem&dyfom=OD;pE´moD&d?

OD;y@dw? OD;0if;NrdKif/ (4) tif;pde?f xef;wyifausmif;wdu k =f OD;oDvmpm&? OD;Ouúo H ? OD;0ZD&Ak'?d¨ OD;awZed,/ (5) wdkufBuD;? jynf o'¨r®aZmwdum½Hkausmif;wdkuf= OD;aombP? OD;vSu/kd (6) &efukef? vGwfvyfa&;ausmif; *Gwåvpf=OD;tmp&d,? OD;£aE´m bmo/ (7) &efukef jrifomNrdKUOD;ausmif;= OD;ynmpm&ESihf wdkuftkyf (8) &efukefajrmuf'*Hk r*Fvm&mr= OD;0dok'¨? OD;0g,r? OD;paE´mbmo/ (9) &ef u k e f ajrmuf ' *H k 35? nD r l & m"r® m ½H k = OD ; 0d o k ' ¨ ? OD ; 0g,r?

OD;paE´mbmo/ (10) bdkuav; ausmfZHausmif;wdkuf=OD;ol&d,? OD;Z#dv/ (11) vSnf;ul;v,fwDa&TMum&HapwD-OD;r@v/ (12) armfvNrKd if ynm&mry&d,wdå pmoifwu kd =f OD;&mZdE?´ OD;okawoe/ (13) "EkjzL ig;bwftkdifausmif;= OD;y@dw/ (14) "EkjzL tHk;yifpk&Gmausmif;=OD;0drv/ (15) usHKaysmf anmifav;yifuGif;&Gm=OD;okr*Fv/ (16) usHKaysmf aygufukef;&Gm 0g;½Hkomausmif;=OD;wifqef;? a':yanoD/ (17) &ef u k e f ? A[ef ; om&a0g oD v &S i f p moif w d k u f = a':od u © ? a':t&d,eE´/D (18) rkwår {urÇmu&ifpkausmif;=OD;0do'/ (19) aygifNrdKU? a&Tbkef;yGihfausmif;=OD;0dpu©P? OD;awaZmbmo/ (20) jynfNrdKU? Owå&m&mrausmif;=OD;Owå&? wdkuftkyf/ (21) o&uf? usKdufa';,sHKapwD=OD;oDvmpm&? OD;Owår/

(22) u&ifjynfe,f aumhjrwfBuD;vdIif;bGJU= OD;pm&dwå/ (23) ysOf ; rem; r[mv,f w D p H a usmif ; = pH a usmif ; q&mawmf E S i h f ur®|memp&d,rsm;/ (24) ysOf;rem; a&Zif;uefawmfr*Fvm= OD;ok'óe? OD;*rÇD&/ (25) &rnf;oif;(NrdKUvS) a&Trif;0Hausmif;=OD;a&0w/ (26) aysmfbG,f &Sm;awm"r®&dyfom=OD;em*dE´? OD;0dvmo*¾/ (27) yJcl; r[mBuD;apwD= OD;ynmomrd/ (28) yJcl; a&T*lav; r[my'krausmif;=OD;*E¨/ (29) v,fa0;NrdKU? "r®ygvausmif; ,uúef;pifawmif= OD;Mobmo?

OD;tmpdPÖ/ (30) rH k & G m Nrd K U? bk e f ; pd k ; ausmif ; =OD ; aumov’ ? OD ; om*&? OD ; oZÆ e ?

OD;aZmwdu/ (31) rHk&GmNrdKUe,f? oarÁm"dv,fwD&dyfom=OD;pE´maZmwd? OD;ynm0Ho/ (32) ykvJNrdKU Ak'¨0d[m&Adrmef=OD;y@H0Ho? OD;pE´drm/ (33) qm;vif;BuD; vufyef;awmif;awmifMum;=OD;y@dw/ (34) qm;vif;BuD; anmifyiftdkifawm&=OD;*E¨om&? OD;tm'dpö/ (35) jrif;rlNrdKUe,f? vnfyif;&Gm=OD;Mobmo? OD;wifarmif/ (36) ueD ukef;om&Gm oD&dr*Fvmausmif;= OD;ok[dw? OD;*kPdu? OD;t*¾gpm&/ (37) uav;NrdKU urÇmh&efuif;ausmif;=OD;okr*Fvomrd/ (38) awmifBuD;NrdKUe,f pG,fawmfausmif;wdkuf=OD;awZed,? OD;pE´drm?

OD;0dZmÆ eE´/ (39) ,if;rmyif? a&TawmifO;D v,fw&D yd o f m=v,fwu D r®|memp&d, rsm;/ (40) ueDausmufavSum;&Gm rpdk;&drfausmif; (aeY) w&m;pcef;rsm; jzpfonf[k oufqdkif&mrS owif;ay;ydkY&&Sdygonf/

qkxl;yef tbd"r®moifwef; omoemh r m&f a tmif a usmif ; wk d u f ? "r® ' gevrf ; ? ewf a csmif ; &yf u G u f ? wmarG N rKd U e,f / 1/ avmuD? avmukwå&m ukokdvftvkyfrsm;ukd yg&rDjzpfatmif jyKwwfcsifygovm;/ 2/ tbd"r®m\t&Sw d &m;ESifh rdrt d odÓPfudk uku d af tmifnw d§ wfNy;D 0dyóembm0emukd vG,fulpGm tm;xkwfvdkygovm;/ 3/ uHaumif;atmif vkyfcsifygovm;/ 4/ omoema&;OD;pD;Xmeu ESpfpOfusif;yonhf tbd"r®mpmar;yGJukd xl;cRefpGmatmifjrif csifygovm;/ pwifzGihfvSpfrnhfaeY&uf/ / 5.3.2011 paeaeY? oifwef;tcsdef/ / nae (6;00) em&DrS (8;00) em&Dtxd? yxrqih f pwif z G i h f v S p f y grnf /

DHAMMA DEW

18

"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

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&vsuf w½du I if ifiif rsu&f nfwoGio f iG u f svsuf idjk rnfwrf;aepOfrmS yif cifyGef;onfoGm;onfh &mZN*dK[fNrdKUodkY vdkufoGm;zdkY tBuHjzpfavonf/ 'k u © & S i f r av;onf ,if ; tBuH j zpf a y:um om0wd ¬ N rd K UrS &mZN*dK[fNrdKUodkY awmawmifwdkYtMum; rdef;rom;uav; wpfOD;wnf;yif id, k pkd mG jzihf c&D;qufavonf/ vrf;c&D;wdt Yk Mum; tEÅ&m,frsm;aomfvnf; ]aovQifajrBuD;} ]raovQifa&TxD;} qdkouJhodkYyif tEÅ&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;udk rpOf;pm;bJ aorxl; aerxl;jzifh c&D;ESifavonf/ þodkYjzihf c&D;qufcJh&m &mZN*dK[fNrdKUteD;Z&yfBuD;wpfckudk vSrf;jrifavaomtcg 0rf;ompdwfawGjzpfay:aecsdefwGif udk,f0eftcsdef wefojzihf ur®ZavvIyfaomaMumihf 0rf;Adkufemavonf/ xdktcsdefü tjrefvSrf;cJhNyD; Z&yfBuD;a&mufaomtcg rnfol wpfOD;wpfa,mufrQr&SdbJ wpfa,mufxJyif udk,f0efuav; zGm;ay;& avonf/ 'ku&© iS rf av;onf pdwaf wGemusn;f rIrsm;jzihf cifyeG ;f onftm; vGrf;pdwfawGjzmjzma0cJh&aomfvnf; om;a,musfm;av; zGm;jrifojzihf om;uav;\ rsufESmawGUjrif&aomtcg 0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;omjzpf&av onf/ 'ku©&Sifrav;onf yifyef;BuD;pGm zGm;jrifcJh&NyD; tnpftaMu; rsm;udk okwfoif&Sif;vif;&eftwGuf om;uav;udk Z&yfay:wGif cP odyfxm;um Z&yfay:u a&tdk;udk,lvsuf a&&SmxGufcJh\/ a&um; reDF; ra0;t&yfwGif&Sdrnf[k BuHpnfatmufarhvsufoGm;av&m awmfawmf av; vSrf;vSrf;a&mufrS a&awGU&onf/ om;uav;twGuf pdwfwxifh xifheJYjzpfaeonf/ &mZN*dK[fjynf NrdKUxJu olaX;BuD;wpfa,mufonf c&D;oGm;&m rS Z&yfBuD;odkY acwå0ifem;&ef 0ifvmojzihf uav;udkjrifawGUvQif [efuswmbJ igwdrYk mS om;orD;r&Sw d meJaY wmh tqifajywmbJ[k BupH nf um uav;udk,lí &mZN*dK[fjynfxJodkY jyefavonf/ 'ku©&Sifrav;vJ rdrdudk,fudk tnpftaMu;rsm; &Sif;vif; okwo f ifNy;D vQif a&td;k &Guí f jyefvmavonf/ Z&yfBu;D a&mufaomtcg rdro d m;uav;udkf rawGU&awmhojzihf [d&k mS 'D&mS jzpfum idak <u;av onf/ Z&yfBuD;wGif 'ku©&Sifrav; vl;vdrfhidka<u; jrnfwrf;um yifyef;BuD;pGm cHae&avonf/ xdkodkYyifyef;BuD;pGm idk,dkjrnfwrf;vsuf om;uav;udk awGUvdk awGUjim; awmvrf;tMum;vrf;uav;twdik ;f ra&mifrvnf wtdtjd zihf avQmufvSrf;oGm;aeonf/ awmifMum;vrf;toGm; awmtkyftem; ta&mufwGif cdk;om; Bu;D wpfa,mufEiS fh 'ku&© iS rf av;wdYk yufyif;awGUavonf/ cd;k om;Bu;D udk vnf; awGUjrifvdkufaomtcgwGif aMumufpdwfawG 0ifum wkefwkef&D&D jzihf ydkíyif idka<u;avonf/ ckd;om;BuD;um; ]pm;&uHBuHKvdkY rkwfqdwfysm;pGJwm} [k BuHpnf vsuf aeavonf/ þrQvSyaom rdef;uav;onf wpfa,mufwnf;

DHAMMA DEW "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ a&mufvmaeonfudk trsKd;rsKd;pOf;pm;um ar;vkdufonf/ 'ku©&Sifrav; uvJ aMumufaMumuf&GHU&GHUjzihf taMumif;pHkajymjyavonf/ cdk;om;BuD; onf v nf ; taMumif ; pH k o d u m 'k u © & S i f r av;vuf p G J u m ol Y w J o d k Y ac:aqmifoGm;avonf/ twlwuGaygif;oif;vsufaeMuavonf/ cd;k om;Bu;D ESifh 'ku&© iS rf av;wdYk twlwuG aygif;oif;qufqv H m cJh&m &uf-v-ESpfMumvmaomtcgwGif orD;uav;wpfa,muf arG;zGm; vmjyefonf/ 'ku©&Sifrav;onfvnf; cdk;om;BuD;ESihf ZeD;armifESHtjzpf aygif;oif;ae&apumrl cd;k om;Bu;D \ pdwMf urf;ud, k Mf urf;rsm;udk atmiht f ;D cHae&onf/ twdwfb0u jzpfcJh&aom yHk&dyfrsm;udk awG;vsuf b0if rat; vGrf;aqG;ae&onf/ xdo k aYkd epOf wpfaeYwiG f cd;k om;Bu;D onf bmb0ifrusreS ;f rodbJ pdwfqdk;rmefqdk;jzihf vufoHk;awmf"m;BuD;jzihf ckwfydkif;rnf[efjyKvdkufcsdef wGif &ifcGifwGif ayGUydkufxm;aom orD;uav;yg ckwfcH&rnfpdk;í ykcuf twGif;odkY ypfoGif;vdkuf&onf/ xdktcg cdk;om;BuD;onf "m;jzihfrckwfbJ teD;&Sd wkwBf u;D jzihf ½du k Ef u S Nf y;D vQif awmodaYk cwå0ifomG ;avonf/ orD; av;rSmacgif;ESihfykcufwdkufrd&mrS acgif;wGif'Pf&m&oGm;av\/ xdktcgwGif 'ku©&Sifrav;onf cdk;om;BuD; owfypfrnfpdk;o jzihf xGufajy;zdkYBuHpnfavonf/ orD;av; ac:oGm;vQifvnf; aemufu xyfcsyfruGmvdkufvmayOD;rnf/ orD;uav;udk xm;cJhrS olcspfaom olYorD;udk rypf&ufaomaMumihf vdkufvmrnfr[kwf[k BuHpnfvsuf orD;uav;udk EdkYt0wdkufauR;NyD;vQif ykcuftwGif;ü odyfxm;cJhNyD;vQif wpfcsdefu olvmvrf;twdkif; jyefajy;avonf/ &mZN*d K [f N rd K UteD ; u Z&yf B uD ; a&muf o nf h t cgwG i f a,mu©rBu;D udk pdwef mcJjh cif;? yxrom;av;udk owd&jcif;? yxrcifyeG ;f vifudk vGrf;pdwfawG 0ifvmjcif;? cdk;om;BuD;udk pdwfemjcif;? orD;uav; udk owd&pdwfraumif;jcif;rsm;aMumihf vl;vSdrfhvsuf idkae&jyefonf/ pdwfaomutrsKd;rsKd;wdkY\ a0'emudk cHpm;vsuf pm;&r,fhaomuf&r,fh idkvsufom tcsdefawGukefaeawmhonf/ þtwkdif;aevdkYawmh rjzpfbl;[k pdwftawG; 0ifvmum &mZN*dK[fNrdKUtwGif;odkY 0ifoGm;NyD;vQif bdu©LeDrwdkY\ ausmif;twGif;u Z&yfvw G f wpfaqmifwiG af eayonf/ bduL© eDrwdYk ay;pGeaYf om qGr;f usef rsm;udk pm;aomufae&onf/ þodkYjzihf aexdkifpm;aomufí Mumjrihfvmaom tcgwGif &mZN*dK[fNrdKUwGif;u ukefonftrsKd;om;av; (17) ESpfom;cefYjzihf Nidjyef onf/ twlwuG tdrfaqmufí aygif;oif;Muonf/ xdktcsdefwGif 'kuo © nfrav;onf (37)ESpcf efY t&G,o f yYkd ifa&mufayNy/D olwZYkd eD;armif ESHonfvnf; ta&mif;t0,fjzihf pm;aomufaexdkifMuonf/ ZeD;armifESHwdkY ta&mif;t0,fjzihf pD;yGm;&Sm vkyfudkifaepOf awm&Gmu (16)ESpft&G,f trsKd;orD;uav;wpfa,mufu ta&mif; t0,fjzihf 0ifxGufoGm;vmaeonfudk trsKd;om;av;u rsufuJusum touft&G,fBuD;ZeD;udkraygif;oif;vdkaMumif;ajymavonf/ xdktcg 'ku©&Sifronf cifyGef;onf a,musfm;av;udk awmol rav;udk ,lvdkvQif ,lyg/ b,frSroGm;ygeJY twlwuG ae&efajymum awmolrav;ESihf ay;pm;vkduf\/ xdktcsdefrSpí trsKd;om;av;onf r,m;BuD; r,m;i,fav;wdkYESihf twlwuG aexdkifavonf/ wpfaeYwGif trsKd;om;cifyGef;onf tjyifacwåoGm;aepOf r,m;BuD;ESihf r,m;i,fESpfOD;om; wpfvSnhfpDoef;&Smaeonf/ r,m;BuD; udka&S;OD;pGm oef;&SmNyD;vQif r,m;i,fav;udk r,m;BuD;u qHyifcGJí

19

oef;&Smvdkuf&m acgif;wGif'Pf&mawGUí taMumif;pHkar;avonf/ tr&,f acgif;u'Pf&mu tarESihf taz &efjzpfí uRefr udk ½dkufrdrSmpdk;vdkY taru ykcufxJ ypfxnhfvkdufaomaMumihf acgif;ESifh ykcufxdcdkufwm 'Pf&m&ojzihf tarvnf; tazhudkaMumufojzihf xGufajy;oGm;avw,f[k tazajymvdkYod&ygonf/ tarvnf; ,ckxd b,fa&mufreS ;f rod&awmhygbl;[k ajymvku d o f nfh tcgwGif r,m;Bu;D u zufí atmifrav; jzpfrSjzpf&avw,f orD;&,fqdkwm idkavawmh onf/ orD;uvnf; tarqdkNyD; zufí idkaeMuavonf/ r,m;BuD;ESihf r,m;i,f (tarESihforD;) wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; ayGUzufvsuf idkaeMupOftcsdefrSmyif cifyGef;onf trsKd;om;uav;u tdrfjyefvmavonf/ r,m;BuD;? r,m;i,fESpfOD;wdkY tcsif;csif;zufí idak eonfh jrifuiG ;f udk awGUjrifvu kd &f aomtcg &efjzpfaeonf[k xifrw S f um tjref a jy;vmvsuf t aMumif ; pH k u d k ar;avonf / xd k t cg r,m;BuD;r,m;i,fwdkYonf om;trdjzpfaMumif;od&onf/ xdt k cg cifyeG ;f onftrsK;d om;av;u om;trdjzpfaom r,m; BuD; r,m;i,fwdkYtm; tm;ay;pum;ajymavonf/ ]awmfMumygawmhAsm cifAsm;wdu Yk om;trdEpS af ,muf jyefawGU Muygao;w,f/ uRefawmfqdkvQif trdtzb,fqDaerSef;udkrodbl;/ ,ck&SdwJh arG;pm;zcif olaX;BuD;u &mZN*dK[fNrdKUteD; Z&yfBuD;rS aumuf arG;xm;w,fvdkYodw,f} [kajymqdkvfkdufonf/ xdktcgwGif r,m;BuD;jzpfolu atmifrav; jzpfrSjzpf&av om;&,f/ 'grif;tarjzpfygw,f/ t&yfuwdkY&,f u,fMuygOD;qdkNyD; [pfatmfidka<u;vsuf oHk;OD;om; acgif;csif;qdkif idkaeMuonf/ om;trd armifESrrsm; jzpfaeMuí ,lusHK;r& cHpm;aeMu&avonf/ igwdkYonf avmuü trdudktrdrSef; rodojzihf ZeD;tjzpf aygif;oif;cJMh uavNy/D ESrudv k nf; ESrrSe;f rodojzihf ZeD;tjzpf aygif;oif; cJ&h avNy/D om;udk om;rSe;f rod tudu k kd tudrk eS ;f rodojzihf cifyeG ;f tjzpf aygif;oif;cJhMuavonf/ avmuZmwfcHkBuD;um; trsm;Mum;vdkYawmifrS raumif;acsNyD/ þavmuBuD;rS vGwfajrmufatmif BudK;pm;awmhrnf[k oHa0*rsm;pGm&Muavonf/ trsKd;om;av;u jrwfpGmbk&m;ausmif;odkYoGm;í &[ef;jyKav onf/ om;trdtrsKd;orD; ESpfOD;u bdu©LeDr ausmif;odkYoGm;a&mufNyD; bdu©LeDrjyKMuavonf/ xdkom;trdoHk;OD;onf &[ef;jyKNyD; aemufydkif;wGif 0dyóem w&m;rsm;udk bm0emBuD;pGmjzifh BudK;BudK;pm;pm; tm;xkwfMuavonf/ xdkb0wGifyif oHk;OD;vHk; &[EÅmrsm;jzpfum y&dedAÁmefjyKMuav ukeo f nf/ þ0w¬KwGif tar-om;- orD;wdkYonf tcsif;csif; tarrSef;? om;rSef;? ESrrSef; rodMuavaomaMumihf rjyKoihf rjyKxdkufonfrsm;udk jyKrSm;Muavonf/ (0g)rodaomaMumihf umr*kPfwPSm &r®ufyGufyGuf xcJh&onf/ rodMuolrsm; jypfrSm;wwfaom obm0rsm;omwnf;/ 'ku©&Sifrav;rSmvJ 'ku©trsKd;rsKd; awGU&SdcHpm;ae&apumrl 'ku©udk 'ku©rSef; rodcJh/ 'ku©udk rodaomaMumihf wPSm0ifum wpfvifrS wpfvif [ihftif;r&Sd ajymif;aebd\/ rdrdb0jzpfpOfudk tarh0ifum awGUjrifvmorQ ESpfoufaejcif;jzpfonf/ rodjcif;um; t0dZÆm? vdkcsifESpfoufjcif;um; wPSm wdkYom wnf;/ ,if;rodvdkcsifrIjzpfay:aeorQ umvywfvHk;? avmuDrSmvnf; pmrsufESm 23 okdY

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON BODHIPAKKIYA DIPANI

20

"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDq

a&;om;jyKpka

aAm"dyu

THE BODHIPAK O THE MANUAL OF THE FACTORS by Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw,

TRANSLATED into English by U Sein Nyo (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) 2/ 0D&d,qdkonfum;- jyqdkcJhNyD;aom t*Fgav;yg;ESihfjynhfpHk aom or®yÜ"mef0D&d,udk qdkonf? xdkuJhodkY 0D&d,ESihfjynhfpHkaomolonf 0D&, d udpk u kd x f w k Ef ikd v f Qif &\ç a&muf\ç ayguf\[laom a'oempum; udk Mum;em&vQif {uef ig&awmhrnfç iga&mufawmhrnfç igaygufawmh rnf[k xif\/ aeYaeYnn b,frQavmuf tyef;cH&ygvdrhfrnfqdkaomf vnf; pdwfrwGefY? tyef;cH&aomfvnf; pdwfrwGefY? &ufaygif;ç vaygif;ç ESpfaygif;rnfrQMumatmif tm;xkwf&vdrhfrnfqdkaomfvnf; pdwfrwGefY? xdak vmufMumjrihpf mG tm;xkwí f ae&aomfvnf; pdwrf wGeçYf xdak vmuf Mumjrihpf mG tm;xkwí f ae&aomfvnf; pdwrf wGeçYf pdwrf uGu?f 0D&, d "mwf EHkYvSaomolwdkYOnf ]]acG;jzL awmrwdk;0Hh}} qdkouJhodkY 0D&d,pdkufxkwfí vkyfaqmif&aomtrIwdkYESihf awGUBuHKcJhvQif wGefYíoGm;MuukefNrJwnf;/ taygif;tazmfEiS u fh if;&vdrrfh nfqv kd Qif qkwMf uuke\ f / ttdyu f kd NcKd ;NcKH &vdrhfrnfqdkvQif qkwfMuukef\/ tpm;udk NcdK;NcH&vdrfhrnfqdkvQif qkwfMu ukef\/ tpm;udk NcdK;NcH&vdrhfrnfqdkvQif qkwfMuukef\/ ES v H k ; oG i f ; rI pG J N rJ &vd r h f r nf q d k v Qif qk w f M uuk e f \ / aeY&uf&SnfMumoHudkMum;vQif qkwfMu ukef\/ acG;jzLwdkYrnfonf awmcsHKqdkvQif,mjyifü aygufa&mufaom t&yfwawmifcefY&Sdaom rJ½dkif;yifac:aom jrufyifawmyifudk opf&Sdvdrfh rnfç usm;&Sdvdrhfrnfç qif&Sdvdrfhrnfxifí teD;tem;odkY rwdk;0HhMuukefouJh odkYwnf;/ 3/ pdwq f o kd nfum;- omoemawmfukd awGUBuKH í omoem"r® udk Mum;em&aomtcgrSpí xdk£'¨dwdkYü pGJvrf;rIwnf;/ tvGeftusL; xufoefcikd rf maom pdwpf v JG rf;rIukd qdo k nf/ xd£ k '¨rd w I rYkd w S yg; avmuü twihftw,f tzG,ft&m csrf;ompD;yGm;rIç bkef;wef; vmbfvmbrIç use;f *efy&d,wfwEYkd iS ahf e&aomfvnf; xdt k rIwüYkd pdwrf ygç pdwrf &S?d £'¨rd I wdkYüom pdwfoGm;íae\/ £'¨drIwdkYudk xdkxdkþþ BuHpnfpdwful;í ae& rS o m pd w f c srf ; omcG i h f u d k & awmh o nf / avmuü a&T j zpf ? aiGjzpfpaom t*¾d&wftvkyfü txHk0goemtpGJBuD; pGJaomolonf

2.V1riya means–––sammappadhana v1riya together with its four characteristics. A person with this v1riya is infused with the thought that the aim can be attained by energy and effort. He is not discouraged even though it is said to him that he must undergo great hardships. He is not discouraged even though he actually has to undergo great hardships. He is not discouraged even though it is said to him that he must put forth effort for many days, months, and years. He is not discouraged even though he actually has to put forth effort for such long periods.

Those who are weak in viriya recoil from their task when confronted with work requiring great energy and effort. They shrink when told that they will have to stay apart from friends and associates. They shrink from the prospect of the necessity to be frugal in sleep and food. They shirnk from the prospect of long periods of concentration. They resemble "white dogs that dare not venture into thickets." White dogs are afraid to enter brushes of reeds that are no more than a cubit high because they think that the brushes might harbour leopards, tigers and elephants.

3.Citta means–––attachment to iddhis when one comes in contact with the Sasana and hears the Dhamma. It is attachment that is extremely ardent and strong.

Although one lives amidst the beauties and luxuries of the wold, amidst acquired powers and fortunes, amidst the sacred books and the study of them, one is not allured, but one's mind is always turned towards the iddhis. One attains satisfaction and tranquillity only when one's mind is absorbed in matters connected with the iddhis. It is like the absorption lof the alchemist engaged in the transmulation of the baser metals into gold or silver. Such an alchemist has no interest in anything else but his alchemy. He forgets to sleep or eat, or whether he had slept or eaten. He does not notice anything when out walking, Citta is great absorption or attachment of this nature.

4.Vimamsa mean ––– knowledge or wisdom that can

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON BODHIPAKKIYA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

21

usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf

q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

awmfrlaom

u©, d 'DyeD

KKHIYA DIPANI R S LEADING TO ENLIGHTENMENT y Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt.

o Tun, Late of The Indian Civil Service. wyg;aom pD ; yG m ;rI wd k Y ü jyKvk y f & aomf v nf ; pd w f r &S d ç pd w f r ygç t*¾ d & wf t rI ü om pd w f o G m ;í ae\/ £&d , myk x f a v;yg;ü t*¾d&wfpdwfom&Sd\/ tdyfcsdefrSef;rod? pm;csdefrSef;rod? tdyfívnf; td y f & rS e f ; rod ? pm;ívnf ; pm;&rS e f ; rod ? vrf ; c&D ; oG m ;í b,f[mudkawGUcJhonf[k owdr&? þuJhodkY tpGJoefvS aompdwfwdkYudk qdo k nf/ 4/ 0DrHoynmqdkonfum;- tyg, 0#f'ku© BuD;us,fyHkudk aumif;pGmjrifEikd af om ynmç £'¨w d \ Ykd tusKd ;tmedoifukd aumif;pGmjrif Edkifaom ynmç cufcJeufeJaom w&m;"r® obm0wdkYü jzefYjzL;pGm usupf m;Edik af omynmudk qdo k wnf;/ xdyk nmESijfh ynhpf akH omolonf jyqdk cJhNyD;aom £'¨dtpD;tyGm;wdkYrSwyg; tvHk;pHkaom avmuDw&m; csrf;om pD;yGm;rIwdkYü pdwft&omudk &SmBuHír&av? eufeJaom £'¨dtpD;tyGm; wdkYü pdwft&omudk awGUEdkifawmhonf/ eufeJaomw&m;qdkavav aygufa&mufatmifvkyfBuHcsifavavomwnf;/ qE´ ç 0D & d , ç pd w å ç 0D r H o [l a om £'¨ d y g'f w &m;av;yg;ud k jyqd k c Pf ; NyD ; \/ wd k u f w G e f ; csuf þ£'¨yd g'fw&m;av;yg;wdw Yk iG f wyg;yg;ESifh jynhpf MkH uukeaf om olwdkYonfum;- um,*wmowdudk wnfaxmifrIrSpí pdwåd0dok'¨dç 'd|d 0dok'¨d tp&Sdaomtxufxufaom omoemhtpD;tyGm;BuD;wdkYudkvnf; ,ckb00efcsí rxm;Edik Mf uuke/f wyg;rQ ruyfb;l Muukeaf omolwo Ykd m vQif b0twdrfteufç "r®twdrfteufudk rodMuukefonfjzpfí rjzpf Edik [ f 0k efcsíxm;Muuke\ f / þw&m;av;yg;wdw Yk iG f wyg;yg;ESiyfh if jynhpf kH aomolonf rdrdyg&rDtm;avsmfpGm þbk&m;omoemrSmyif ,ckb0ü aomfvnf;aumif;ç ewfjynfa&mufonhfumvaemufb0üaomfvnf; aumif;? avmukwå&m £'¨dwdkifatmif aygufa&mufayvwåHU/ 2-yg;ESihf jynhpf akH omolç 3-yg;ESijfh ynhpf akH omolwrYkd mS qdb k , G rf &Sad yNy/D £'¨rd mS a0;pG?

clearly perceive the greatness of the sufferings of hell, and of the sufferings attendant on the round of rebirths. It is knowledge that can clearly perceive the advantages and benefits of the iddhis. It is knowledge that can dwell on the deep and difficult dhammas, and on their nature. A person who possesses such knowledge can no longer find pleasure in any worldly pursuit except the pursuit of the iddhis. He finds gratification only in the acquistion of deep and profound iddhis. The deeper and more profound the dhammas, the greater is his desire to attain them.

Those who are endowed with any one of these four iddhipa-das can no longer, during this life, admit or plead inability and remain without putting forth effort in the establishment of ka-yagatasati, and the higher stages of the Sa-sana such as citta visuddhi, dit.t.hi visuddhi, etc. It is only those who have never possessed any one of these iddhipa-das, and who cannot differentiate between the shallowness and profoundness of life, between superficiality and deepness of the dhamma, who admit or plead inability and remain without making any endeavour.

A person endowed with any one of these four iddhipadas can attain, according to his pa-rami, the iddhis until he reaches lokuttara (supramundane) iddhi, either in this life or as a deva in the next life. The cases of those endowed with two, or three, or four, iddhihs need no lengthy explanation.

In the cases of those persons who (far from possessing any of the iddhis) do not even possess any of the iddhipa-das, they should attempt to acquire one or other of these pa-das. They admit or plead inability only of these pa-das. They admit or plead inability only because they have not the desire to acquire the highter benefits of the Sa-sana, such as the satipat.t.ha-nas. They should regard this very admission of inability as a highway to the Apa-yalokas. Thus, they should study, think and ponder, over the Suttanta discourses that can arouse chanda. They should approach a teacher who can arouse chanda and rely on him.

Hence did the Buddha say––– "Chandiddhipa-dam. bha-veti,

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON BODHIPAKKIYA DIPANI

22

"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/

yg'rQr&SdMuukefao;aomolwdkYrSmum; yg'udk a&S;OD;pGmxlaxmifyGm;rsm; Mu&ukef\/ rdrdoEÅmefü owdy|mefw&m;udk yGm;rsm;rItp&Sdaom txuf txufaom omoemawmfjrwf tpD;tyGm;BuD;wkdYudk ,ckb0,ckbk&m; omoemawmfrmS tvGe&f vdv k aS omqE´yif r&SMd uao;ukerf í l 0efcsvsuf aeMuukeaf omolwo Ykd nf xd0k efcsru I ykd if tyg,fvrf;rBu;D wpfc[ k k odjrif Muí xdkqE´udkjzpfyGm;apEdkifaom okwåefa'oemawmfrsm;udk aumif;pGm Munhf½IBuHzefqifjcifMuukef&monf/ xdkqE´udk jzpfyGm;atmifa[majym qHk;rEdkifaom Oyedó,q&mudk aumif;pGmrSD0Jqnf;uyfMu&ukef\/ xdkYaMumihfjrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]qE´d'¨dyg'H bma0wd? 0D&d,d'¨yg'H bma0wd? pdw'då yd¨ g'H bma0wd? 0Dro H 'd yd¨ g'H bma0wd}} [lí a[mawmfro l nf/ tMuif olwdkYonf xdkxdk£'¨dudk a0;pG? yg'udkrQ jzpfyGm;atmif tm;xkwfrIr&SdMu uke?f qE´r&Sad o;vQif qE´&adS tmifyif yGm;rsm;tm;xkw&f ao;onf[í l rQ rodMuukef? xdkolwdkYonf 0efcsolwdkYcsnf; jzpfMuavukef\/ (0D&, d ç pdwçå 0Dro H wdüYk vnf; yg'xlaxmifrt I oD;oD; &SMd uonf udk odMuav/) um,*wmowdukd pGNJ rrJ o I nfyifvQif pdwu f x kd al xmifrrI nf\ oHa0*0w¬KwdkYudk avhusihfrIç "kwif y#dywfwdkYudk tm;xkwfrIonf 0D&d, udk xlaxmifrrI nf\/ "mwfBu;D av;yg;paom eufeaJ om "r®obm0wdu Yk kd BuHzefavhusihfrIonf 0DrHoudk xlaxmifrIrnf\/ t|uxmpum; wpfckckaom yg'xlaxmifrIjyKcJhvQifyif yg&rDtm;avsmfpGm xdx k kd £'¨w d u Ykd kd rvGaJ pEdik Mf uukeNf y?D xdaYk Mumihf t|uxmq&mwdüYk £'¨yd g'f wyg;yg;rQ r&SMd uukeaf omolwo Ykd nf 'Ge;f p@m;\om;wdEYk iS fh wluek o f nf/ wyg;yg;&SdMuukefaomolwdkYonf {u&mZfrif;om;wdkYESihf wlukefonf[k rdefYqdkawmfMuukef\/ wlyHk 'Gef;p@m;\om;wdkYonf rif;{u&mZfjyKvkyf&ef tBuHjzpfNrJ r[kwfukef/ tb,fhaMumifhenf;qkdaomf tBuHjzpf&ef tajcyg' wpGef; wprQ r&SdMuukefaomaMumihfwnf;/ {u&mZfrif;om;wdkYonfum; rif;{u&mZfjyKvkyfMu&ef tvdktBuH&SdNrJwdkYaywnf;/ tb,fhaMumihfenf; qdak omf tvdt k BujH zpfEikd Mf u&ef tajcyg'Bu;D jrihMf uukeaf omaMumihw f nf; [lvo kd nf/ wd k u f w G e f ; csuf xdkYaMumihf ,cktcg ynm&Sdtaygif; olawmfaumif;wdkYonf vnf; rdrw d Ykd yg&rDtm;avsmpf mG þomoemawmftwGi;f üyifvQif txuf txufaom omoemhtpD;tyGm;BuD;rsm;odkY a&mufMuí ouúm,'d|d todkufttHkBuD;rsm;udk zsufqD;EdkifMu&ef þ£'¨dyg'fw&m;av;yg;rsm;udk xlaxmifyGm;rsm;Muukef&mownf;/ £'¨dyg'f 4- yg; NyD;NyD/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

viriyiddhipa-dam. bha-veti, cittiddhipa-dam. bha-veti, vimam.siddhipa-dam. bha-veti."

(One should put forth effort to develop chanda; one should put forth effort to develop viriya; one should put forth effort to develop citta; and one should put forth effort to develop vimam.sa.)

Some persons, far from attaining the iddhis, do not even try to attain the iddhipa-das. If they do not possess chanda, they do not even know that it is necessary to acquire chanda. They are persons who admit and plead inability and defeat. The same is true in the cases of viriya, citta, and vimam.sa.

Steady application of the mind to ka-yagata-sati amounts to seeting up pa-da. Studying the anecdotes dealing with sam.vega, applying oneself to dhutanga and such other practices of the dhamma, is setting up viriya. Applying oneself to profound dhammas, such as the Four Great Primaries, amounts to setting up vimam.sa.

If any one of the pa-das is established, then it is certain that the respective iddhis will be attained according to one's parami. Hence, it is stated in the Commentaries that persons who do not possess any one of the iddhipa-das resemble the sons of a can.d.a-la while persons possessing any one of the pa-das resemble sons of an Emperor. The sons of can.d.a-las never aim at becoming an Emperor because they have no basis, no pa-da, for the attainment of such aim. Sons of Emperors, however, always aim at becoming Emperors because they are endowed with the bases for the attainment of such an aim.

Hence, wise persons of the present day should attempt to acquire the four iddhipa-das so that they can destroy the great establishment of sakka-yaditthi (Personality-belief), and to attain, within the Sa-sana, the benefits of the higher attainments that can be attained according to one's pa-rami.

(To be continue)

em*vd k P f * l uav;0awm& ,Of a us;rI o if w ef ; zG i h f j cif ; &efuek w f idk ;f a'oBu;D ? r&rf;uke;f NrKd Ue,f em*vdP k *f b l &k m;uke;f ajr? uav;0awm&ausmif;wkdufwGif 1372 ck? waygif;vqef; 1-&uf (5-3-2011) aeY eHeuf (8) em&Du em*vdkPf*l uav;0awm&q&m awmfbk&m;BuD; b'´EÅZm*&mbd0Hor[max&ftm; trSL;xm;í? e,fpyf a'oawmfwef;a'orsm;rS wdkif;&if;om;&SifomraPrsm;ESihf oDv&Sif uav;rsm; wpfaxmifausmfwufa&mufMuonhf Ak'¨,Ofaus;rIoifwef; wpf&yfzGihfvSpfusif;ycJhygonf/ tqdyk gAk', ¨ Ofaus;rIoifwef;udk &wemoH;k yg;tm; &Scd ;kd ylaZmfMu Ny;D aemuf? tm;vH;k owå0g ab;&efumG csr;f omud, k pf w d Nf rMJ uap&ef/ Oyg'f &efab; uif;pifa0;Muygap&ef arwåmyGm;Muí pwifzGihfvSpfMuygonf/ xdaYk emuf Edik if aH wmf oHCr[me,utzGUJ u jy|mef;xm;aom jrefrmEdkifiHbkOf;awmfBuD;oif ynmoifMum;a&; &nf&G,fcsuf (6) &yf wdu Yk kd uav;0q&mawmfb&k m;Bu;D u tus,w f 0if&h iS ;f vif;rdeMYf um;awmf rlygonf/ ¤if;Ak', ¨ Ofaus;rIoifwef;udk aeYpOfqufvufíoifwef;enf;jy q&m? q&mrrsm;u oifMum;ydkYcsvsuf&SdaMumif;jzihf od&Sd&ygonf/

TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA "r®0D&onf Ak'¨\"r®w&m;awmf tppftrSefxGef;um;jyefhyGm;&efjzpfonf/

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jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdkY ü t&n0goDawm&yfrSDvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom

r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f a&;om;pD & if a wmf r l a o omm "ar® m 0g'uxm

omoemawmfBu;D \ a&aomufjrpfo;kH oG,f (omoemtyd k i f ; ) p&PES i h f 0d Z Æ m od u © m ES i h f ,S O f w G J v k d u f a omtcg xdkp&P 0dZÆmusihfpOfwGifvnf; 1/ oDvüwnfaomp&Ptusihf/ 2/ orm"düwnfaom p&Ptusihf/ 3/ ynmüwnfaom p&Ptusi/fh aygif; oH;k qif.h .. rSwfcsuf/ / ¤if;wdkYwGif omrefrd½kd;zvmrsm;\ oDvonf p&PoDvrQomjzpf\/ xdk omrefoDvwGif *kPfawmf arwåmwpfyg;yg; tMum; pdwfudk oGif;ESpfxm;Ekdif½HkrQonf p&Porm"dt&m0if\/ xdo k rm"draS usmv f mT ; tbdnmOfciG f wufEidk yf grlum; p&Pynmt&myif wnf;/ wpfzefvnf;....

1/ oDvüwnfaom 0dZÆmtusihf/ 2/ orm"düwnfaom 0dZÆmtusihf/ 3/ ynmüwnfaom 0dZÆmtusihf...aygif;oHk;qihf/ rSwfcsuf/ / cE¨mÓPfqihf ur®|mef;tusifh usi&fh mwGif ½Iuu G f wGi;f 0,f trSwrf S trSwo f cYkd sn;f qufusaeawmhum EIwrf aomif;use;f udk,fpdwfwdkY r&rf;awmhvQif 0dZÆmoDv/ or®oeÓPfrS opömEkavmrwdkifatmif 0dZÆmorm"d/ r*fav;qifh zdkvfav;qifhwdkYum; 0dZÆmynm/ þodkY cGJa0&&m....

0dZÆm,SOfynmum; tpGmqHk;wnf;/ txufyg p&PESihf 0dZÆmusihfp&m ajcmufqifhwdkYjzihf xdkoHk;rsdK; udk;axGaom ukodkvfwdkYudk jyKusihfygacsaomf...

1/ umrukodkvfüvnf; okp½dkufq,fyg;? yknu&d, 0w¬Kq,fyg; tm;vHk;yif ygoGm;awmhacsNyD/ 2/ r[*¾Kwfukodkvfüvnf; enf;wlyif&Sdacs\/ 3/ avmukwå&mukodkvfüvnf; ¤if;twdkif;yif rSwf,l &monf/ oHk;rsKd;udk;qifhwdkYuwpfrsKd;? okp½dkufwdkYu wpfzHk? yknu&d,m rsm;u wpfoefY r[kwfMuygukef/ yrmqdk&aomf xrif;0dkif;BuD; wpf0dkif;wGif;0,f xrif;um; 'dkifcH? [if;oHk;cGuft&Hxm; pm;rnfjyK&m [if;wpfrsKd;wpfrsKd;vQif olESihf[yfpyf&m qD? qm;? csif;? i½kwf? eEGif;? MuufoGefrsm; udk,fpDyg0ifvsufu &SdMuacs\/ xdkxrif; xdk[if;rsm; e,fzwfí cGHUay;vdkufaomtcg wpfrsKd; pDvdkuf 0g;&udkuf& vkyf&awmh\avm/

xdkodkY... ukodkvfjzpf½Hk p&PESihf0dZÆm? psmef&½Hk p&PESihf 0dZÆm? r*fynm &aponftxd p&PESihf0dZÆm[lí tqihfrsm; owfrSwfxm;&Sd&m... þüum; r*fynmtxdaom ukodkvfudkom tav;ay;azmfjy oGm;rnf/ useftm;vHk;um; aemufa,mifcH rxifr&Sm;tjzpfjzihfom oHk;oyfMu&m\/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) pmrsuf E S m 19 rS jypfrSm;usL;vGefaernf/ avmukwå&mrSmvnf; oHo&m&SnfaeOD;rnfom wnf;/ b0oHo&mvGwfNidrf;rS w&m;&rnfvnf; r[kwfacs/ 'ku&© iS rf av;wdYk om;trdawGvnf; ypöKyeÜ af vmuDe,füyif rod rjrifMuaomaMumihf oH;k yGiq fh ikd t f rSm;Bu;D udk t[kwx f ifvsu?f tMuifvif r,m; b0rsKd;a&mufcJhMu&avonf/ om;trdawGjzpfaMumif; odwJhtcsdefonf tMuifvifr,m; umr&m*pdwfaysmufaom tcsdefjzpfMu&avonf/ rodwPSmtNyD; cGmoGm;&avonf/ wpfqufwnf;yif cE¨mudk,fBuD;udkvnf; rodvdkcsif? tjypfjrif Muum &[ef;? &[ef;trrsm; 0wfMuvsuf 0dyóem w&m;tm;xkwf aom tcg rodvdkcsifrIwdkY\ tjypfjrifum xdkrodvdkcsifrItaygif;u vGwfajrmuf&medAÁmefodkY a&mufMu&avonf/ ypdäraemufqHk;b0a&mufaeolwdkYonf avmuD? avmukwå&m rodvdkcsifrIwdkY\ 'PfcHMu&avonf/ b0jzpfpOfrodvQif jypfrSm;usL;vGefrIeJY touf&Snfae&onf/ cE¨mjzpfpOfrodvQif owå0g cE¨mvGefusL;rIESihf touf&Snfae &onf/ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf)

&mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf &J&ifw h nfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0uk&d ifqidk v f suf atmifjrifpmG jzwfoef;Ekid Mf uzkYd "r®0&D *sme,f zwfMupkdU

TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA

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"r®0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/ rsuf E S m zk H ; rS t quf

a'oEÅ&c&D;azmfc&D;ig;&mwdkY onf w&m;"r®aqG;aEG;&mXmeü jrwfpGm bk&m;&Sif\c&D;pOfESihfpyfvsOf;í? rdrdwdkYcHpm;cJhMu&aom tawGUtBuHK A[kokwrsm;udk tcsif;csif;jyefvnf aqG;aEG;ajymqdkaeMuav\/ rnf o nh f a 'ood k Y a &muf M uonh f t cg rnf o d k Y ? rnf o nf h a 'ood k Y a&muf a omtcgu rnf y H k ponf j zih f ajymqd k a eMujcif ; jzpf \ / xdkodkYajymqdkaeMujcif;ü ¤if;wdkYauseyfESpfNcdKufaeMu av\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xdkc&D;azmf&[ef;ig;&mwdkYudk ½IMunhfawmfrl vwfaomf? ¤if;wd\ Yk yg&rDjynhcf sed u f kd jrifawmfr\ l / xdaYk Mumifh ¤if;a'oEÅ& c&D;azmf&[ef;ig;&mwdkY w&m;aqG;aEG;aeMu&mXmeodkY <uvmawmfrlNyD; vQif? jrwfpGmbk&m;&SiftwGuf cif;xm;tyfaomae&mü xdkifawmfrlí? &[ef;ig;&mwdkY aqG;aEG;vufp c&D;oGm;jcif;vkyfief;rS opömav;yg;azmf xkwfjcif;iSm atmufygw&m;awmfwdkY pwifa[mMum;awmfrlavonf/ ]]&[ef;wdkY? ,ckoifwdkY aqG;aEG;ajymqdkaeMuaom vrf;c&D;ESihf pyfonhfpum;rSm? cE¨mtjyifrStaMumif;udpöomjzpfonf/ &[ef;wpfyg; taetm;jzihf? t&d,myk*¾dKvfwdkYavQmufvSrf;&mc&D;vrf;aMumif;rSef (t&d,opömvrf;) udkom azmfaqmifBudK;yrf;Muí t&d,mr*fwnf;[l aom &m*uif;&mNidrf;at;csrf;om&m tocFw"mwf jrwfaomedAÁmefodkY vSrf;wufMu&ef BudK;yrf;tm;xkwfMu&rnfjzpfonf/}} xdk&m*uif;&m Nidrf;at;csrf;om&m tocFw"mwfjrwfaom edAÁmefodkY rsufarSmufjyKEdkifMuap&ef jrwfpGmbk&m;onf atmufazmfjyyg *gxm"r®wdkYudk a[mMum;awmfrlavonf/ *gxm 273- r*¾ g eH | *Ø a um aoa|m? opö m eH pwk a &m y'g?

0d & ma*gaoa|m "r® m eH ? 'd G y 'geÍö pu© K rm/ - r*fwdkYwGif t*Fg&Spfyg;&Sdaomr*fonf jrwf\/ opömwdkYwGif av;vHk;av;yg'&Sdaom t&d,opömwdkYonf jrwf\/ w&m;"r®wGif &m* uif;&mjzpfaom edAmÁ efonfjrwf\/ tajcESpaf csmif;&Sad omolww Ykd iG f pu©K ig;yg;&Sdawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifonf jrwfawmfrl\/ *gxm 274- {ao0 ra*¾ g ew¬ a nm? 'óeó 0d o k ' ¨ , m? {wO§d wkarS y#dyZÆx? rm&aówH yarm[eH/ - t,lpifMu,fjcif;iSm? þr*¾ifr&Spfyg;onfomvQif c&D;rnf \/ wpfyg;aomc&D;rnfonf r&Sd/ þr*¾ifc&D;udkomvQif oifwdkYonf oGm;Muukefavmh/ þr*¾c&D;onf rm&frif;\ awGa0&mwnf;/ *gxm 275- {wO§ d wk a rS y#d y Eé m ? 'k u © ó EÅ H u&d ó x? tu© m awm a0gr,mra*¾ g ? tnm, ov’ u EÅ e H / - oifwo Ykd nf þt&d,mr*fwnf;[laomc&D;odo Yk mG ;ukeo f nf &Sdaomf? qif;&J\tqHk;udk jyKMu&ukefvwåHU/ &m*&Sdaom ajimihfwdkYudk Ekwf&mjzpfaomedAÁmefudkodí? t&d,r*fwnf;[laomc&D;udk? oifwdkYtm; igbk&m;a[mtyfNyD/ *gxm 276- wkarS[d udpö rmwyÜH? tu©mwma&m wxm*xm/ y#d y Eé m yarmu© E Å d ? psm,d a em rm&AE¨ e m/ - oifwdkYonf vHkYvudk jyKtyf\/ bk&m;&SifwdkYonf a[mawmf rlukef\/ usihfukefaom vu©Pma&;udk ½IukefaomolwdkYonf? rm&frif; taESmiftzGJUrS vGwfukefMuav\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf þav;*gxmudk a[mawmfrlonf\tqHk; ü? xdkc&D;azmf&[ef;ig;&mwdkYonf &[EÅmjzpfawmfrlMuavukefownf;/ (okwEå yÅ #d uwf? ck'u ´ edum,? "r®y'ygVdawmf? r*¾0*f? yÍöowbduK© 0w¬K Nidrf;csrf;OD; udk azmfjytyfygonf/)

"Bhikkhus, the path you are talking about is external to you: a bhikkhu should only be concerned with the path of the Noble Ones (airyas) and strive to do what should be done for the attainment of the Ariya Path (Magga) that leade to the realization of the perfect peace (Nibba-na)."

Then the Buddha spoke in verse as follows: . verse.273.

Magga-nat.t.hangiko set.t.ho, sacca-nam caturo pada-. .

Vira-go settho dhamma-nam, dvipadama-nca cakkhuma-.

Of paths, the Path of Eight Constituments is the noblest: of truth, the four Noble Truths are the noblest; of the dhammas, the absence of craving (i.e, Nibba-na) is the noblest: of the two-legged beings, the All seeing Buddha is the noblest.

Vs 274. Eseva maggo natthañño, dassanassa visuddhiya-; Etañhi tumhe pat.ipajjatha, ma-rassetam pamohavam.

-This is the only Path, and there is none other for the puity of vision. Follow this Path; it will bewilder Ma-ram. .

Vs 275. Eta-nhi tumhe patipanna-, dukkhassantam karissatha; .

Akkha-to vo maya- maggo, añña-ya sallakantamam.

Following this Path, you will make an end of dukkha.

Having myself known the Path which can lead to the removal of the thorns of moral defilements, I have shown you the Path. .

Vs276. Tumhehi kiccama-tappam , akkha-ta-ro tatha-gata; Pat.ipanna- pamokkhati, jha-yino ma-rabandhana-.

You yourselves should make the effort; the Tatha- gatas (Buddhas) only can show the way. Those who practise the Tranquillity and Insight Meditation are freed from the bond of Ma-ra.

At the end of the discourse those five hundred bhikkhus attainmed arahatship.

(A Translation of the Suttanta Pit.aka, Khuddaka-Nikaya, THE DHAMMAPADA, the Path, Pañcasatabhikkhu Vatthu, The Story of five Hundred Bhikkhus.)

Nyain Chan Oo

COVER SPECIAL FEATURES "r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/ aemuf a usmzk H ; rS 0w¬Kt&yf oacF,suawmif 0#Zmvduausmif;ü? &[ef;wdkYtm; ]]igh&Sif wd?Yk &[ef;onf &Hzef&cH g rdr\ d ysupf ;D rIukd qifjcif&efaumif;\/ &Hzef&cH g olwpfyg;ysufpD;rIudk qifjcif&efaumif;\/ &Hzef&Hcg rdrd\jynfhpHkrIudk qifjcif&efaumif;\/ &Hzef&cH g olwpfyg;\ jynhpf rkH u I kd qifjcif&ef aumif; \}} [k þodkY w&m;a[mawmfrlyg\}} xdktcg ewfwdkYt&SifodMum;rif;onf cGeftm;&Sdaoma,musfm; onf auG;aomvufrqefYrD? qefYaomvuf rauG;rD? cPwmtwGif; wm0wd HomewfjynfrS uG,fcJhí? r[do0w¬Kt&yf oacF,sawmif 0#Zmvduausmif; t&SifOwå&\ rsufarSmufü xif&Sm; jzpfav\/ xdkYaemuf ewfwdkYt&SifodMum;rif;onf t&SifOwå&xHcsOf;uyf í? &Sdcdk;vsuf wpfckaomt&yfüwnfum? t&SifOwå&tm; þodkYaom pum;jzihf avQmufxm;\/ ]]t&Sib f &k m;..t&SiOf wå&onf &[ef;awmfwt Ykd m;? ihg&Siw f -Ykd &[ef;onf &Hzef&Hcg rdrd\ysufpD;rIudk qifjcif&efaumif;\/ &Hzef&Hcg olwpfyg;ysufpD;rIudk qifjcif&efaumif;\/ rdrd\jynfhpHkrIudk? olwpfyg;\ jynhpf rkH u I kd qifjcif&ef aumif;\}} [k þodaYk omw&m;udk a[mMum;awmf rlonfrSm rSefygoavm..}} ]]ewfwdkYt&Sif odMum;rif;? þtwdkif;rSefay\/}} ]]t&Sifbk&m;? þw&m;awmfudk rdrd\ÓPftxifudkpGJí a[mMum;tyfygavm/ odkYr[kwf? ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxkdufaom tvHk;pHkaomw&m;wdkYudk udk,fwkdifrSefpGm odawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;\ pum;awmfupkd í JG a[mMum;tyfygoavm}} [k odMum;rif;u avQmuf\/ ]]ewfwdkYt&Sif odMum;rif;? ,if;odkYodvdkygrl oifhtm; Oyrmudk jyKaytHh/ þavmuü tcsdKUaomynm&Sda,musfm;wdkYonf qdkvdkaom pum;\teuft"dymÜ ,fukd Oyrmjziho f m xif&mS ;odMuuke\ f / odMum;rif;? &Gm\vnf;aumif;? ed*;kH \vnf;aumif;? reD;ra0;t&yfü Bu;D pGmaompyg; yHkudk yHkxm;&m\/ vltaygif;wdkYonf xdkpyg;yHkrS pyg;udk xrf;ydk;wdkYjzihf vnf;aumi;f? awmif;wdkYjzihfvnf;aumif;? cg;ydkufwdkYjzihfvnf;aumif;? vufckyfwdkYjzihfvnf;aumif; o,f,l&m\/ tMuifolonf xdkvltaygif; odkY csOf;uyfí? tb,ft&yfrS þpyg;udk o,f,lcJhyguefoenf;[k ar;jref;&m\/ odMum;rif;? xdkvltaygif;wdkYonf xdkoltm; tb,fodkY ajzMum; onf&Sdaomf? aumif;pGmajzMum;onfrnf&moenf;}} [k t&SifOwå&uar;\/ ]]t&Sifbk&m;? þrnfaompyg;yHkBuD;rS o,f,lcJhygukef\[k xdv k t l aygif;wdu Yk ajzMum;onf&adS omf aumif;pGmajzMum;onfrnf&myg\}} ]]t&SifodMum;rif;? þtwlomvQif aumif;pGmMum;tyfaom w&m;pum;[lorQtm;vHk;onf ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxkdufaom tvH;k pHak om w&m;wdu Yk kd ud, k w f idk rf eS pf mG odawmfral om xdjk rwfpmG bk&m; \ w&m;pum;awmfwdkYomwnf;/ xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;\ w&m;pum;awmf rS,lí,lí igwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? wpfyg;olwdkYonfvnf;aumif; a[majymMu&ukef\}} [k rdefYqdkav\/ ]]t&Sifbk&m;? tHhMozG,faumif;aypG/ rjzpfzl;NrJjzpfaypG/ t&Sif Owå& aumif;pGmajymMum;tyfaom w&m;pum;tm;vH;k onf ylaZmftxl; udk cHawmfrx l u dk af om tvH;k pHak omw&m;wku Yd kd ud, k w f ikd rf eS pf mG odawmfrl aom xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;\ w&m;pum;awmfomwnf;/ xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;\ w&m;pum;awmfrS,lí,lí a[majymMu&ukef\[k þpum;udk tvGef aumif;pGmajymqdktyfygay\}} ]]t&Sifbk&m; Owå&? vlwdkYü þrQavmuf &[ef;? &[ef;r?

25

Dhavaja-lika- ....

And Sakka, the deva- king, approached the venerable Uttara and saluted him and sat down at one side. So seated, he said: "It is true, sir," as they say, that the venerable Uttara teachers this doctrine to the monks, to wit: "Well it is, from time to time, to review one's own attainments... to review another's."

"Yes, certainly, Deva–king."

"But pray, sir, is this the venerable Uttara's own saying, or is it the word of that Exalted One, arahant, the fully awakened One?" "Now, O Deva–King, I will give you an anology, for it is by analogy that men of intelligence understand the meaning of what is said."

"Imagine, O King, a great heap of grain near some village or market town, from which country folk carry away corn on pingoes or in baskets, in lap or hand And if one should approach the folk and question them saying: "Whence bring you this corn?" how would those folk, in explaining, best explain?"

"They would best explain the matter, sir, by saying: "We bring it from that great heap of grain."

"Even so, O King, whatsoever be well spoken, all that is the word of the Exalted One, arahant, the fully awakened One, wholly based there on is both what we and others say."

"It is marvellous, it is wonderful, sir, how truly this has been said by the venerable Uttara: 'Whatsoever be well spoken, all that is the word of the Exalted One, arahant, the fully awakened One, wholly based thereon is what we and others say"!'

(Then Sakka, king of the devas, repeated all that the Exalted One told the monks in the preceding sutta.)

"Worthy Uttara, this is a Dhamma discourse nowhere honoured among the four companies, to wit: monks, nuns and lay- disciples, both men and women! Sir, let the venerable Uttara learn by heart this Dhamma discourse; let him matter this Dhamma discourse; let him bear it in mind! This Dhamma discourse, sir' is charged with good. It is the first principle of godly living..."

(This is a complete English translation of the Book of ANGUTTARA- NIKAYA (The book of the Gradual sayings) of the Suttanta Pitaka, AT.T.HAKA- NIPATA (The book of the Eights, Chapter. 1. On Amity, The venerable Uttara Sutta.)

Dhamma Vira- Thandar Aung International Therava-ra Buddhist Missionary University, Yangon.

Oygoum? Oygodumrwnf;[laom y&dowfav;yg;wd&Yk ydS guke\ f / w&m; a'oemawmfonf wpfpw kH pfcak om y&dowfü rxif&mS ;ao;ygbk&m;/ t&Sif bk&m;? t&SifOwå&onf þw&m;a'oemawmfudk oif,lawmfrlygavmh}} ]]t&Sifbk&m;? t&SifOwå&onf þw&m;a'oemawmfudk oifMum;awmfrlygavmh/ þw&m;a'oemawmfudk aqmifxm;awmfrlyg avmh/ þw&m;a'oemawmfonf tusdK;pD;yGm;ESihfpyfyg\/ omoem awmfwnf;[laom jrwfaomtusihf\ tpOD;jzpfyg\}} [k avQmufMum; av\/ (okwåefyd#uwf? t*Fkw¬dK&fygVdawmf? t|uedygwf? y|ryPÖm ou? arwåm0*f? Owå&0dywådokwfudk azmfjyygonf/) "r® 0 D & - oEÅ m atmif tjynf j ynf q d k i f & m ax&0g'Ak ' ¨ o moemjyKwuú o d k v f / &ef u k e f N rd K U/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

igr&SdvQif rjzpfwJhae&m vl a t;(wrmajr) qif;&J&ifvnf; ESpfwpf&myJ? csrf;om&ifvnf; ESpfwpf&myJ/ b,fvkded'gef;pp vrf;qkH;twlwlyg/ xm0pOf xm0&awmh r&Sdygbl;/ uHMur®m&,f vrf;jyvdkY a&SUuac:r,f/ b,fvkdb,fenf;eJY acgif;cgrvJ? oGm;ayghvmayhg vlc&D;ukd? qif;vkdufwufvkduf w'*FrSmyJ? wrvGef[m tm;vkH;twGuf wpfaeYwmwpf&ufrSmyg/ b,folt&ifoGm;rvJ rajymEkdifbl;/ t&m&m[m tedpö&JU z0g;atmufrSmyg/ a&mifeD[m wpfcsdefawmh qnf;qmyJ/ vif;vdkufarSmifvkduf w'*FrSm/ jzpforQ ysuforQ a&wpfyGufygyJ/ (oDcsif;pmom;) Ä Ä Ä wpfcgu buú'ufNrKdUwGif tvGef csrf;om<u,f0aom ukefonfBuD;wpfa,muf &SdcJhzl;ygonf/ wpfaeYawmh ukefonfBuD;u olY wynhfwpfa,mufukd aps;0,fzkdY aps;ukd vTwf vku d yf gonf/ rMumcifrmS yJ wynhjf zpfol rsupf d ysuf rsuf E S m ysuf E S i h f jyef a &muf v monf / NyD;awmh ocifukefonfBuD;ukd wkefwkefvIyfvIyf ESihf pum;qkdonf/ ]]ocif & ,f uRef a wmf aps;xJ r S m trSwfwrJh trsKd;om;wpfa,mufeJY 0ifwdkufrd Muw,f? b,fov l v J Ykd Munhv f u dk af wmh aorif; jzpfaeygw,f? NyD;awmh olu uRefawmfhukd pl;pl;0g;0g;eJY jyefMunhfaeygw,f/ uRefawmf aorif;eJY aemufwpfcgjyefawGU&rSm tvGef aMumufaeygw,f/ uRefawmhfukd ulnDyg t&Sif ocif? uRefawmfhukd ocifh&JUtajy;tjrefqkH; jrif;wpfaumif cPiSm;yg/ uRefawmfraocsif ao;bl; ocif? uRefawmf toufquf&SifzkdY aorif;&SmrawGUEkdifr,fh [kd;- ta0;BuD;rSm&SdwJh ]qrfrm&m} ukd ajy;ygr,f}} ocifukefonfBuD;vnf; olYtay: aus;Zl;&Sdxm;onhf wynhfudk tajy;jrefaom taumif;qkH;jrif;wpfaumifay;vkdufonf/ wynhfjzpfolvnf; jrif;&onfESihf wpfNyKdifeuf uqkefpkdif;ajy;awmhonf/ wynhf r&Sdawmh ukefonfBuD;u aps;ukd ukd,fwkdif

xGufcJh&onf/ aps;a&mufonhftcg vltkyfxJrSm aorif;ukd olaX;Bu;D uk, d w f idk f awGUvku d &f onf/ odkYESihf aorif;tem;uyfoGm;NyD;]]reufwkef;u cifAsm; usKyfwynhfukd pl;pl;0g;0g;MunhfNyD; bmjzpfvkdY Ncdrf;ajcmufvkduf &wmvJ}} [k ar;vkdufonf/ onfawmh aorif;u]]uRef a wmf ol Y u k d N cd r f ; ajcmuf w m r[kwfygbl;/ pl;pl;0g;0g;Munhfvkdufw,fqkdwm uvnf; olYukd 'Dbuú'ufrSm awGUvkduf&awmh tvGet f MhH ordvYkd Munhv f u dk w f myg/ oleu YJ Reaf wmf 'Dbuú'ufrSm awGU&vdrfhr,fvdkY vkH;0rxifrdcJh ygbl;/ bmjzpfvkdYvJqkdawmh 'Dn ]qrfrm&m} NrKdUrSm oleYJuRefawmf pm&if;&Sif;MuzkdY csdef;xm; wJhaeYyJ/ bmyJajymajym uRefawmfuawmh oleJY csdef;xm;wJh ]qrfrm&m} NrKdUukd olvmonfjzpf ap? rvmonfjzpfap oGm;apmihfae&rSmyJ}} [k ajymqkdvkdufonf/ (qrf;rm;qufrGef\0w¦K) rS e f y gonf / oD c sif ; pmom;xJ u twdkif; b,favmufyJqif;&Jqif;&J tESpf wpf&mxuf ydkrqif;&JEkdifovdk b,favmufyJ csrf;omcsrf;om tESpfwpf&mxufydkí rcsrf; omEkid /f (oDcsif;pmom;u tESpfwpf&m[k qkx d m;aomfvnf; ,ckacwfaemufyikd ;f umvü ESpfq,f? okH;q,f? av;q,f? ig;q,ft&G,f ESihfvnf; b0ed*kH;csKyfoGm;onfwdkYukd awGUjrif

EkdifMuygonf/) rSeyf gonf/ qrfrm;qufrGef\0w¦KxJutwkdif; aojcif;w&m;ukd b,fvkdrS a&SmifvTJvdkYr&Ekdif ygbl;/ (ukd,fu pGrf;EkdifoljzpfvkdY ork'´&m a&jyifatmuf wkdufaqmufNyD;aeygOD;? vurÇm ay:ukd xGufajy;Nyd; aorif;ukd a&Smifykef;ygOD;? aojcif;w&m;ukd rnfolrS rnfodkYrS a&SmifvTJí r&Ekdifyg/ þodkY... rodEidk o f nhw f pfaeYaeYrmS aoMu&rSm ukd odaeMuvsuf rdrdwkdYwpfawG bmawGvkyf aeMuovJ/ trSeftwdkif; a0zefMunhfMu& atmifyg/ rdrdwdYkonf.. ypönf;Opömukd trSDjyKNyD; rmeawG jzpfaeMuonf/ ynmukdtrSDjyKNyD; rmeawGjzpf aeMuonf/ atmifjrifrIukd trSDjyKNyD; rmeawG jzpfaeMuonf/ &mxl;ukdtrSDjyKNyD; rmeawG jzpfaeMuonf/ xkdrSwpfqihfwufNyD; wpfOD;ESihf wpfO;D trke;f w&m;awG? tmCmwawG? £óm rpä&d, tukokdvfpdwfawG jzpfaeMuonf/ xkdypönf;Opöm? ynm? atmifjrifrI? &mxl;wdkYukd tajccHí vlwdkYu ajymMuao; onf/ ]]'DrSmu igr&Sd&if rjzpfbl;}} ]]tdrfrSmu uRefawmft"duvkdjzpf aew,fav}} ]]uRefawmfu 'Dtvkyfudk rvkyfcsif awmhbl;? ajymif;csifaewmMumNyD? 'Dae&mu

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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"r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/

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usrf ; ñT e f ; 1/ OD ; Owå r om&\arwå m c&D ; onf tñT e f ; *E¨m½kHbkHausmfq&mawmf? t&Sif&mZdE´wdkY\ 2/ a'guf w moef ; xG e f ; \e,f v S n h f & mZ0if 3/ OD ; a&T a tmif \ Ak ' ¨ 0 g'ay:xG e f ; jcif ; / ema&;"r®pmpkwdkYukd tajccHa&;ygonf/

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"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

xm0&opfqef;aeonhf aumif;arG ok w (a&T o H v G i f ) vGefcJhaomESpf- &mç axmifrsm;pGmqD u jzpfay:cJhNyD;usef&pfcJhaom odp&mç Munhfp &mç usipfh &mtaMumif;wdu Yk kd ]]a&S;a[mif;tarG}} [k tvG,fajymvQif &Edkifrnfxifygonf/ txGwt f xdyEf iS hf tjriho f aYkd &muf&ef atmufqHk;avScg;xpfrS OD;qHk;ajcvSrf;pwifcJh& onf/ ta0;qH;k udk jrifEikd zf &Ykd ef teD;qH;k rS tao tcsmtm½Hk,l pl;pdu k Mf unh&f onf/ topftqef; rSeo f rQonf a[mif;EGr;f ½d;k pif;rIwu Ykd kd jzwfausmf eif;avQmufoGm;&onf/ Ak'b ¨ mom0ifww Ykd efz;kd xm;aomedAmÁ ef udk oDvtkwfcHkrS pwifvSrf;&ygrnf/ ylyefjcif; udavomrS a0;uGm&ef oDvudk teD;qHk;rSm aqmifxm;&ygrnf/ ÓPfx;l ? ÓPfqef;ç ÓPf topftqef;rsm;udk ydik q f ikd Ef ikd &f ef vGepf mG a&S;us í a[mif;EGrf;vSNyDjzpfaom *½k"r®oDvç edpö oDvç ig;yg;oDvudk ydkifEdkifpGmusihfoHk;NyD;rSom jzwfausmfoGm;Edkifygrnf/ tjrihfqHk;twGufu atmufq;kH ? ta0;qH;k twGuu f teD;qH;k ? topf tqef;wdt Yk wGuu f a[mif;EGr;f ½d;k pif;jcif;wdu Yk kd trmcHajcukyf,lí ,HkMunfaompdwf? ESpfouf aomoabm? ckid rf maomqE´wjYkd zihf ]]a&S;a[mif; tarG}} jzpfaom (vlrsKd ;bmomra&G; usio fh ;kH tyf onhf) oDvig;yg;tajccHw&m;wdkYudk rdrdwkdY\ udk,fpdwfESpfyg;wGif raysmufuG,foGm;&atmif vufawGUusio fh ;kH xde;f odr;f xm;oifyh gonf/ ,cktcsdefonf urÇmt&yf&yf ae&m Xmewkdif;ü tvsiftjrefwdk;wufrIrsm;? jynhfpHk atmifjrifrIrsm;? pdwfaysmf&TifrI? udk,fusef;rmrI ESihf tvdkqE´jynhf0rIrsm; twkdif;xuftvGef jzpfxGef;atmifjrifaeNyD[k qdk&ygrnf/ odkYaomf tjcm;wpfzufü ,aeYvlom;avmuBuD;tm; obm0ESiyfh a,m*rsKd ;pHw k o Ykd nf wm;rEkid q f ;D r&? ydwrf Edik q f rYkd &ESifh ab;taygif;&eftoG,o f , G f wdo Yk nf 0ef;&HaESmuf,u S zf suq f ;D vsu&f adS eNyu D kd owdxm;rdMuygvdrhfrnf/ vlom;qE´t& ydrk akd umif;rGeaf tmif? rsm;oxufrsm;atmif? tvGefvG,fulatmif? xdyfqHk;ujzpfatmif? tBuD;rm;qHk;jzpfatmif wDxGifBuHqBudK;yrf;vmaomtcg jzpfvdkrI? &vdkrIwdkYrS igç ighrdom;pkç ihgtzGJUç ihg&Gmç ighNrdKUç

ihgEdkifiHç ihgvlrsdK;ç ihgbmom[laom twåqef onhf wpfa,mufç wpfzGJU tEdkif&vdk tom&rI rsm;bufodkY OD;wnftm½HkjyKvmMuaomaMumihf tNyKd it f qdik Ef iS hf tEdik t f ½I;H jzpfay:um auseyfr?I rauseyfrIrsm; qifhyGm;í rD;cdk;<uufavQmuf cE¨mud, k t f aoG;tom;rS twGi;f tZÑwEå v S ;kH om; odkYwkdif avmbç a'goç arm[tjyif;pm;rD;rsm; avmifNrdKufMu&mrSm udk,hftyl olYudk,ful;? olYtyl olrsm;udk ul;um? ajrjyifç a&jyifESihf a0[ifygrusef awma&mNrdKUyg EdkifiHwumrSm ab;trsdK;rsdK;? 'ku©tpHkpHk awGUBuHK&awmh\/ oD v [k q d k a om ud k , f u sih f w &m;? vlYodu©mwdkY rwnfNrJEdkif&jcif;taMumif;rSm? vlom;0ef;usiüf raumif;rIukd jyKvyk &f efç ajymqdk &efç &Sufjcif; aMumufjcif;? [D&dç MowåyÜ(avmuygv- avmuudkapmifha&Smufaom w&m;) xdkw&m;ESpfyg; enf;yg;uif;pifaeaom aMumifhjzpfonf/ jrwfA'k u ¨ t*Fw k &å 'kuedygwf- p&d, okwfwGif? ]]&[ef;wdkY jzLpifaom þw&m; ESpfyg;wdkYonf avmuudkapmifha&Smufukef\/ tb,f E S p f y gwd k Y e nf ; [l r l u m;? raumif ; rI r S &S u f j cif ; [D&dw&m;vnf;aumif;? raumif;rI rS xdwfvefYjcif; MowåyÜw&m;vnf;aumif;? þw&m;ES p f y g;wd k Y w nf ; / &[ef ; wd k Y - jzLpif aom þw&m;ES p f y g;wd k Y o nf avmuud k rapmifha&Smufukefjim;tHh? þavmuü trdç rdBuD;ç rdaxG;ç OD;&D;\r,m;ç q&m uawmf ½d k a oav;pm;tyf o l \ r,m;[l í rod r S w f b J a&m,S u f j cif ; od k Y a&muf u k e f & m\/ &[ef ; wd k Y - jzLpif a om þw&m;ES p f y g;wd k Y

onf avmuudkapmifha&SmufukefaomaMumihf trdç rdBuD;ç rdaxG;ç OD;&D;r,m;ç q&muawmfç ½d k a oav;pm;tyf o l \ r,m;[l í xif & S m ; odomukef\}} [lí rdefYawmfrlcJh\/ vlYodu©mç udk,fusihfw&m;ç oDv\ teufoabmudk ynm&Sifrsm;u (1) OD ; pD ; acgif ; aqmif j zpf í OD;acgif;ESihfwlaomaMumifh jrwfaomoabm &S d \ / (2) tukodkvftjypfuif;pifaom aMumif h Nid r f ; csrf ; at;jraom oabm&S d \ / (3) udk,fESihfEIwfudk aumif;pGmxm; &S d E d k i f j cif ; oabm&S d \ / (4) ukodkvfaumif;rIw&m;wdkY tp jzpf w nf & moabm&S d \ / ( 5) qdk;0g;aom'kp½dkufw&m;rsm;udk xd e f ; csKyf E d k i f a omoabm&S d \ / (6 (6)) trSefw&m;udk vdkvm;ESpfouf aom ol a wmf a umif ; rsm; rS D 0 J u sif h o H k ; jcif ; oabm&S d \ / (7) raumif ; rI t uk o d k v f r sm;ud k aysmuf y suf y ,f & S m ;apjcif ; oabm&S d \ / (8) tukodkvfw&m;rsm; rjzpfyGm; &S d \ / a tmif xdef;csKyfapmifhpnf;jcif;oabm oabm&S (9) olawmfaumif;wd ;wdkY\ pdwftwGif; oEÅ m ef ü om jzpf w wf a omoabm&S d \ / (10) ukov kd af umif;rIwYkd 0ifa&muf em;cd k & mae&moabm&S d \ / (11) uk o d k v f w&m;rsm; yG m ;rsm; atmif pk p nf ; jcif ; oabm&S d \ / (12) um,uHEiS 0fh pDuu H kd aumif;rGef

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/ pG m jyKjyif E d k i f j cif ; oabm&S d \ [l í zG i h f q d k xm;ygonf / vlYavmuBuD;ü oDvuif;rJhí [D&d MowåyÜw&m;rsm; tm;enf;avsmhyg;vmcJhvQif vlwdkYonf t&SuftaMumufrJhí? ½dkaorI*g&0 w&m;rsm; arS;rSed v f mNy;D ud, k cf si;f rpmç tm;remç riJn h m§ Edik af wmhb?J tNr;D usut f Nr;D pm;? acgif;usuf acgif;pm;um &rnfqdkvQif bezl;odkufwl;í vlEiS w hf &d pämeftoGio f P²mefrQom uGm[ygawmh rnf/ xdaYk Mumifh rdrEd iS yhf wf0ef;usiu f kd tNrrJ jywf ½Iqifjcifí raumif;rIrsm;enf;yg;? aumif;rIrsm; yGm;oxufymG ;atmif vlom;avmuaumif;usKd ; udk a&SU½IUNyD; t&SuftaMumufw&m;ESpfyg; vufudkifxm;um ]]a&S;a[mif;tarG}} oDv tajcud k Bud K ;pm;í apmif h x d e f ; zd k Y v d k t yf y g onf / od k Y a omf vl w d k Y o nf wpf c gwpf & H ud k , h f t jypf u d k , f r jrif E d k i f M ubJ ol Y a Mumih f ç ih g aMumif h vuf n § d K ;xd k ; vT J c saeMujyef o nf / þae&mwGif rSwfom;p&m OyrmwpfckrSmwpf a eY w G i f zd k ; ol a wmf w pf O D ; tvSLcH&if; ajymif;zl;cif;teD; a&mufoGm;í ajymif ; zl ; rsm;ud k jrif N yD ; tvS L cH c sif v m\/ odkYaomf ydkif&Sifudk rawGU&ojzihf ydkif&Sifr&SdvQif wdwfwqdwf ,lrnf[k ajymif;cif;xJ0ifNyD; ajymif ; zl ; cl ; \/ tawmf t wef & aomtcg xrf;,lvmNyD; awmpyfwpfae&mwGif ajymif;zl; zwfrsm;cGmí taphrsm;? rrsm;Munhfvkduf&m tqefrjynhf BudKUwdkYusJwJrsm;omjzpfae\/ xdktcg zdk;olawmfu pdwfysufpGmjzihf tHyh g&JU? ajymif;zl;wpfz;l rS tqefrjynhyf gvm;[k nnf;nL&m ajymif;zl;u rtHhMoeJY zdk;olawmf? ajrrSraumif;bJ? tqefb,fjynhfEdkifyhgrvJ [k a jym\/ zd k ; ol a wmf u ajrud k i H k M unh f N yD ; ? [kwyf g&JU ajruvJ MoZmowådnHhvkdufwm-[k ajym&m? ajruvnf;- usKyfwdkY MoZmowån d w hH m csnf ; rajymeJ Y zd k ; ol a wmf a &- rd k ; uvnf ; rSerf eS rf &Gmbl;? rd;k &GmrrSe&f if ajrMoZmowåv d nf; nHhwmyJ[k jyefajym\/ ajr\pum;Mum;í rdk;ay:armhMunhf um [k w f y g&J U ? rd k ; uvnf ; bmjzpf v d k Y rS e f r S e f r &G m &wmvJ ? &G m csd e f r S m &G m rS a yh g [k ajymjyef&m rd;k u- 'DrmS zd;k olawmf usKyw f v Ykd nf; tcsdefrSefrSef&Gmcsifygw,f/ 'gayr,hf vlawGu w&m;ysufaeMuw,f? vlawGw&m;ysufawmh rd k ; vnf ; &G m csif w k d i f ; &G m vd k Y r&awmh b l ; [k ajym&m zdk;olawmfu? at;.. [kwfw,f? tckacwf vlawG[m tifrwefw&m;ysufMu

w,f? b,fhES,hf 'Davmufw&m; ysufMurSef; rod y gbl ; [k nnf ; wG m ;vk d u f a omtcg zdk;olawmfpum;udk Mum;vkduf&aom xif;acG (xif;&Sm) vmol &Gmom;rsm;u zdk;olawmf? vlawGw&m;ysufwm bmqef;ovJ? zdk;olawmf vdk olawmfpifuawmifrS ajymif;zl;cdk;,lae wmyJ}} [k udk,hfzuf0ifvmaom qefYusifbuf pum;udk wpfzufodkY vSnfay;vdkufavonf/ *syaf t;udk olt Y ar½du k -f oDcsi;f uJo h Ykd tp&Smr& vHk;jcmvkdufíaeawmh\/ twdwf onf Ny;D cJNh y/D jyefvnfq, JG í l r&Edik af wmh/ tem *wfonfvnf; ra&muf&Sdvmao;? pdwful;,Of aeírjzpfao;/ vkyfoihfvkyfxkdufaomç vkyf& rnhftvkyfudk ypöKyÜef ,ckvuf&SdtcsdefwGif rSef uefwu d saumif;rGepf mG jyKusiafh qmif&u G Ef ikd &f ef tedrfYqHk;tqihf tajccHig;yg;oDvudk [D&d Mowå y Ü txd e f ; tuG y f w &m;ES p f y g;0ef ; &H í apmif h x d e f ; vk d u f e mMurnf q d k v Qif yl y ef r I uif;aom? pdk;&drfrI&Sif;aom? nDñTwfrQwaom vlYabmifvlYb0 vlYavmuBuD;udk þatmuf ajctqihfrS txGwftxdyfjrihfrm;pGmodkYwkdif a&mufEdkifygao;onf/ xdkYaMumifh &mZ0ifpmwGifaeaom rdom;pkyHkjyifav;udk trSwf&rdygonf/ rdom;pk

29

rsm; pkaygif;í xrif;pm;Murnf[k pm;yG0J ikd ;f wGif 0ifa&mufae&m,lMu&m zcifBu;D onf aemufrS a&mufvmNy;D ae&m,lum ywf0ef;usiu f Mkd unhf vku d af omtcg orD;jzpfol txdik rf awmfjzpfae í rdcifjzpfoludk ajymcdkif;&ef ZeD;onftm; Munhfvkduf&m ZeD;rSmvnf; orD;ESifhtwlwljzpf aeí udk,fwkdifyJajymvkdufawmhrnf[k BuHum? rdrdudk,fudk owd&íMunhfvkduf&m udk,fudk wdkifvnf; olwdkYenf;wl jzpfaeaomaMumifh tm;vHk;Mum;atmif toHjr§ihfí ]]wdkYrdom;pkawG jyifxikd Mf u&atmif}} [kqu kd m tm;vH;k jyefjyifí ae&m,lvkdufMuygonf/ þtrSwfw&om"uyHkjyifrsm;uJhodkY vlwkdif;udk,fpD udk,hfudk,fudkMunhfí? odí? atmufqHk;ü&Sdaom? teD;rSmjzpfaom? a[mif; í½dk;aeaomfvnf; aumif;ítoHk;0ifaeao; aom t½kd;qif;qkH;aomtajccH vlYusihf0wf pnf;urf;rsm;udk vkdvdkvm;vm; udk,fESifhruGm ,SOfwGJwnf &SdaeEdkifMuygap/ qif ; &J c srf ; omowå 0 gtaygif ; aumif ; usd K ;vd k & mqE´ j ynh f 0 ygap/ ok w (a&T o H v T i f ) usrf ; uk d ; t*k F w ¦ K d & f u srf ;

&mpkopf\ pdeaf c:rIrsKd;pku H dk Nidr;f csrf;aompdwf &J&ifw h nfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0ukd &ifqidk v f suf atmifjrifpmG jzwfoef;Ekid Mf uzkYd "r®0&D *sme,f zwfMupkUd

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"r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/

t&d,mpcef; r*fwufvrf; q&mawmf O D ; eE´ ( rEÅ a v;)

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jrif a tmif Munh f í avQmuf y g/ wk e f c grI u k d Munhí f avQmufygrsm;vmaomtcg ajcz0g;u wk e f c grI [ m wjznf ; jznf ; ES i h f ajcz0g;rS ajcovk H ; ? aygif ? cg;? ausm? acgif ; txd wufoGm;wmukd awGU&vdrfhrnf/ wkefcgjzpfysuf awG acgif;vnf;a&mufua&m qkH;oGm;wmukd jrifatmifMunhfí ukefoGm;NyD[k ½Ivdkufyg/ 2/ rdrdavQmufrJhbufudk&yfí rsufpd rSdwfí cE¨mukd,fwGif;u vIyf&GjzpfysufawGukd ÓPfEiS jfh rifatmifMunhí f vSr;f vdu k yf g/ &yfae wkef;u vIyf&GjzpfysufawGonf ajcvSrf;vkduf onfESihf &yfwJhae&mwGifom jzpfysufukefqkH; chJí ygrvmwmukd jrifatmifMunhfí ukefcJhNyD [k ½Ivdkufyg/ aemufwpfvSrf;çvSrf;ívnf; ukefcJhwmukd jrifatmifMunhfí ukefcJhNyD[k ½INyD; vQif rsufpdzGihfí qufívSrf;wdkif;vSrf;wdkif; ukefcJhNyD[k ½IíavQmufygav/ þuJhodkY vrf; avQmuf ½ I w J h t cg cE¨ m uk d , f j 'yf B uD ; uom a&GUvsm;aeayr,hf cE¨muk, d w f iG ;f u "gwfy&rwf awGuawmh b,frSra&GU b,frSra&muf jzpfwJh ae&mwGifom ukefqkH;íaeayonf[k odxm; vku d yf g/ (þvrf;avQmuf½yI Hk 2 rsK;d pvk;H ukd rjzpf rae awGUatmif ½Ixm;&rnfjzpfonf/) &if w G i f ; od k Y vT r f ; NcKH í ½I & ef cE¨mukd,f? acgif;? cg;? ajc? vufwdkY ukd vTwfí NcKHíMunhfaeyg/ vIyf&GjzpfysufwdkY csnf ; jrif v maomtcg &if w G i f ; od k Y v S r f ; í NcKH M unh f v k d u f y g/ ½I Ó Pf o nf &if w G i f ; od k Y

ra&mufbJ &ifbwfay:wGif jzpfysufjrifNyD; wifaewwfonf (odkY) cE¨mukd,fu jzpfysufwdkY ukdyJ jrifíaewwfonf/ þuJhodkY ½IÓPfrSm &ifwGif;odkYra&mufbJ jzpfaevQif rdrdcE¨mukd,f ESihfwuG pMu0Vmtxd ½kyfemrfjzpfysufwdkYukd jzefYí ½Iacsay;yg/ &ifwGif;ukd vTrf;NcKHMunhf vkdufvkdY ½IÓPf[m &ifwGif;odkYa&mufí v[m jyifuJhodkY awGUaevQif xkdv[mjyifukdyJ NcKHMunhf aeyg/ Mumaomf v[mjyif½u I iG ;f wGi;f rSm wpfcg wpfcg xdyx f yd Ef iS afh y:vmvku d ?f ½IuiG ;f wpfuiG ;f vkH;ukd wGef;íajr§mufovdkjzpfvmwmukdvnf; awGU&wwf\/ NcKHíom Munhfaeyg/ Mumaomf ½IuGif;wGif;ü vIyf&Gjzpfysufuav;awGonf [dw k pfcsuf 'DwpfcsuEf iS fh wpfcsucf si;f avQmuf í jzpfaevdrfhrnf/ 'gukd rvGwfwrf; NcKHíMunhf ae&if ; u ½I Ó Pf t m;aumif ; vmaomtcg r*f Ó Pf o nf ay:vmí vI y f & G j zpf y suf wpfcsufjcif;onf jzKwfqkd csKyfaysmufoGm;í v[mjyifuJhodkY csKyf&monf ay:vmawmh\/ Nird o f ufaomt&omonfvnf; ygvmawmh\/ þuJhodkY &ifwGif;csKyfaysmufukd 2-3 Budrfxyfí awGUaeygvQif "d|mefí zkdvf0ifpm;Munhf&rnf jzpfonf/ zk d v f 0 if p m;&ef ,ck igawGUaomw&m;onf ou'g *grdr*f [kwfcJhvQif ou'g*grdzkdvfukd 0ifpm; Ek d i f & ygapownf ; [k 3-Bud r f t"d | mef í &ifwGif;odkY vSrf;íNcKHMunhfaeyg/ &ifwGif;u v[mjyif½IuGif;wGif;ü vIyf&Gjzpfysufuav; awGonf [dkwpfcsuf onfwpfcsufjyí csKyf oGm;vQif 2-3 Budrftxd csKyfaysmufrIukd xyfí awGUaevQif "d|mefwikd ;f awGUatmifavhusiyfh g/ aemuf zkdvfpdwfESihf MumMumaeEkdifatmifu awmh vIyf&GjzpfysufawG csKyfoGm;wJhaemuf NidrfNyD; &Sif;aewJht&omukd qufí odw,f odw,f[k odaevkdufygOD;/ wpfukd,fvkH;u vIyf&GjzpfysufawG tukef&yfoGm;rSom odw,f ukd vTwfNyD; Nidrf&Sif;aewJhae&mudkyJ qufí tm½kHjyKaeygav/ ppf a q;&ef igonf aomwmywådzdkvfukd 0ifpm; Ekdif&ygapownf; [k wpfukd,fvkH;ukd NcKHí Munhfaeyg/ wpfukd,fvkH;u vIyf&GjzpfysufawG onf csKyfaysmufíoGm;cJhaomf aomwmywåd zkdvfpdwf jyefay:jcif;jzpfonf/ "d|mefwdkif; aomwmywå d r csKyf b J ou'g*grd "d | mef í &ifwGif;wGifrSmyJ vG,fvG,fulul csKyfaysmuf cJhvQif ou'g*grf [k ,lq&rnfjzpfawmh\/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/ aomwmywå d r *f - ou'g*grd r *f 1/ aomwmywård *f\ ½Iuu G u f cE¨m uk, d w f pfcv k ;Hk udNk cKí H acgif;? cg;? ajc? vufwu Ykd dk vTwfí ½kyfemrfvIyf&GjzpfysufwkdY\ tpktykHukd om rvGww f rf;½IMunhaf e&if;u ÓPftm;jynhf ívmaomtcg r*f Ó Pf a y:í tEk o , udavomukd jzwfvkdufonfESihf vIyf&Gjzpfysuf tpktykHBuD;yg wpfcgwnf; csKyfaysmufoGm;í v[mjyifuJhodkY csKyfaysmuf&monf ay:í vm awmh\/ Nird o f ufaomcsr;f omonfvnf; ygí vmawmh\/ 2/ ou'g*grd½IuGufu &ifwGif;odkY vS r f ; íNcKH M unh f v k d u f a omtcg yxrawmh v[mjyifuo hJ Ykd [mwmwmukad wGU&\/ [mwm wmukdyJ NcKHíMunhfaeaomtcg vIyf&Gjzpfysuf uav;awG ay:vmí ½IuGif;wGif;ü vIyf&G jzpfysufuav;onf [kdwpfcsuf 'Dwpfcsuf wpfcsufcsif; jzpfysufaeMu\/ 'gukd NcKHMunhf ae&if ; u ½I Ó Pf t m;aumif ; vmaomtcg tEk o ,ud a vomuk d jzwf v k d u f o nf E S i h f wpfcsufcsif;jzpfysufuav;[m csKyfaysmufí oGm;awmh\/ Nird o f ufcsr;f omvnf; ygvmawmh \/ þodYk aomwmywård *f½u I u G Ef iS fh ou'g*grd r*f½IuGufwdkY uGmjcm;Muayawmh\/ txl ; owd j yK&ef aomwmywård *fu&dk Ny;D í ou'g*grd r*fukd&&ef wufí½IaomtcgrSm &ifwGif;u ½IuGufcsKyfrSom ou'g*grdr*fodkYa&mufonf/ tu,fí cE¨mukd,fwpfckvHk;u vIyf&Gjzpfysuf awGukd rsufpdESihfjrif&ouJhodkYjzpf&if;u csKyf aysmufwm[loíwdYkonf aomwmywådzdkvf ay:od k Y jyef í usa&muf j cif ; omjzpf o nf / ou'g*grdr*fzkdvf r[kwfao;aMumif; owdjyK yg/ zd k v f 0 if p m;&ef ½ I w J h t cg csKyf w wf y k H 1/ ½kyfemrfjzpfysuf½IuGif;wpfckvkH;ukd rvGwfwrf;Munhfae&if;u acgif;? cg;? ajc? vuf? j'yfwdkYukd rjrif&awmhbJ ½kyfemrfjzpfysuf tpktykHBuD;onf jzKwfqkd csKyfaysmufoGm;í NidrfNyD;&Sif;aewJh csKyfaysmuf&mukd awGU&wwf onf/ 2/ aemuf rvGwfwrf; NcKHMunfhae½kH eJY rcsKyfwJhtcg ½IuGif;twGif; wpfae&mü tvkdvkdNidrfíaewmukd jrifatmif&SmMunhfí xkdNidrfaewmukd NcKHíomMunhfaeyg/ Mumaomf Nidrf&monf us,fvmí wpfukd,fvkH;odkY jyefYí oGm;vdrrhf nf/ 3/ aemuf ½IuiG ;f wpfcv k ;Hk u jzpfysuf

awGu tm;aumif;vGe;f Ny;D csKyNf ird ;f rIr&Ekid v f Qif ½kyfcsnhf emrfcsnhf ½kyfemrftpkHcsnfh pMu0Vmxd jzefYí cE¨mukd,fukd jyefíNcKHMunfh&if;u csKyf wwfygonf/ þodkY zkdvf0ifpm;cgeD;ü awGU& wwfonf/ tem*grd r *f ½ I u G u f tem*grdr*foYkd wuf&ef½u I u G u f awmh a&SUua&;cJhwJh y#dpöorkyÜg'fykdif;ukd tBudrfBudrf jyefízwfyg/ ½kyfemrfwdkYonf wpfckESifhwpfck wGef;uefay;ovdkjzpfNyD; qufpyfrIwdkYukd jrif atmif tBudrfBudrfjyefí½Ixm;yg/ y#dpöorkyÜg'f t*Fg&yfwpfckjcif;wdkY\ obm0vu©PmwdkYukd ÓPfüxifatmif avhusihfxm;yg/ tBudrfBudrf jyefí½Ixm;yg/ cE¨mukd,fwpfckvkH;ukd NcKHíacgif;? cg;? ajc? vuf? j'yfwdkYudkvTwfí ½kyfemrfjzpfysuf tpktykBH u;D uko d m jrifvmatmif½aI eyg/ aemuf ½kyfcsnhf emrfcsnfh ½kyfemrftpkHcsnhf[k pMu0Vm wpfckvkH;xd jzefYí jzefYí ½IMunhfaeyg/ Mum aomf A[d'¨rSm CeaMuí ½IÓPfonf cE¨m ukd,fay:okdY jyefí½Ivsufom; jzpfvmvdrfhrnf/ 'Dtcg wpfu, dk v f ;Hk u jzpfysuaf wGukd ae&mrvyf wpfNyKdifeufjrifvmatmif[k tm½kH jyKí NcKH í NcKH í jzef Y í ½I M unh f a y;aeyg/ wpfukd,fvkH;u ae&mrvyf jzpfysufawGukd wpfNyKid ef ufjrifvmaomtcg þuJo h Ykd jrifvmrI ukd tBudrfBudrfavhusihfxm;yg/ (þtydkif;ü þwpfNyKdifeufjrifrI½IuGufonf t"dujzpf onf/) &G H & S m zG , f puf q k y f z G , f ½ I & ef aemufwpfcu k rdr\ d cE¨muk, d w f iG ;f ü &GH&SmzG,f pufqkyfzG,fwkdYukd ½I&rnfjzpfonf/ rdr\ d cE¨muk, d w f iG ;f ü &SMd uukeaf om rsupf d (2)? em;(2)? ESmacgif;(2)? yg;pyf(1)? usifBuD;(1)? usiif ,f(1) þ'Gg&(9)aygufwrYkd S xGuí f usvm Muukefaom tnpftaMu;wdkYukd okwfoif &Si;f vif;íay;&wkid ;f &G&H mS zG,f pufqyk zf , G af wG ygvm;[k tm½kHjyKí ½I½Iay;yg/ þ&GH&SmzG,f pufqkyfzG,fwdkYonf rdrdcE¨mukd,fwGif;rS xGuf vmMuonfjzpfí cE¨muk, d w f iG ;f ü&SMd uukeaf om &G&H mS zG,f pufqyk zf , G w f u Ykd v dk nf; vSr;f ívSr;f í ½Iyg/ b,favmufyifaumif;wJh pm;zG,f aomuf z G , f j zpf y gap? yg;pyf x J a &muf v k d Y vkH;axG;NyD; 0g;vkdufonfESihf oGm;&nfrsm;ESihf a&maxG;um acG;tHzwfuo hJ Ykd &G&H mS zG,f pufqyk f zG,fawGjzpfvmNyD; tpmopf tpma[mif;jzpf í (usiBf u;D usiif ,fjzpfí) qufpyfomG ;ykw H u Ykd dk

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ÓPfESihfjrifatmifMunhfí &GH&SmzG,f pufqkyf zG,fwdkY[k tBudrfBudrf½Iyg/ ½Izefrsm;vmaomtcg cE¨m½kyfemrf BuD;\ tjypfwdkYukdjrifí wG,fNidrIawG avsmhyg; oGm;NyD; ysif;rkef;NiD;aiGUrIawG jzpfvmvdrfhrnf/ avmuBuD;ukd ysif;rkef;NiD;aiGUrIawGjzpfvmawmh þcE¨mukd,fBuD;rS vGwfcsifvmvdrfhrnf/ vGwf csifvmrS vGwfatmiftm;xkwfí vGwfajrmuf &ayawmhvwåHU/ þtydkif;onf tm;xkwfrI tif t m;? ÓPf t if t m;? orm"d t if t m; odyaf umif;rSom tqifajyEkid yf grnf/ 'ghaMumihf 0dyóemÓPftm;aumif;atmif pdwf&Snf&Snf jzifh tm;xkwfMuyg/ tcsKyf u k d j rif a tmif ½ I & ef tm½kw H rYkd nfonf tm½kjH yKvu dk rf S pdwf rS m ay:vmí tm½k H r jyKaomtcg pd w f r S m ay:rvmbJ tvkdvkdcsKyfíaeayonf/ 'DuJhodkY tm½kHrjyKwJhtckduf csKyfaewmukd jrifatmif Munhfí avhusihf&rnfjzpfonf/ cE¨mukd,fwpfckvkH;ukdNcKHí cE¨mukd,f wpfckvkH;u vIyf&GjzpfysufawGukd wpfNyKdifeuf jrif a tmif [ k o m Munh f a eyg/ ½I M unh f v d k Y wpfNyKdifeufjrifaewJhtckduf tjyiftm½kHawG pdwrf mS ay:rvmvkYd tvkv d cdk sKyaf ewmukd wpfcg wpfcg owdjyKí ododay;yg/ aemuf vIyf&G jzpfysufawGukd wpfNyKdifeufjrifae&wJhtckduf pdwo f nf tjyifrxGuo f nht f wGuf tjyiftm½kH awG pdwfrSmay:rvmvdkY tvdkvdkcsKyfaewmukd odoad y;yg/ i,fi,fwek ;f u awGUBuKjH yKvyk cf w hJ hJ aumif ; tm½k H ? raumif ; tm½k H w d k Y o nf v nf ; aumif;? vGecf w hJ t hJ csed u f awGUBuKjH yKvyk cf hJ aom aumif ; tm½k H ? raumif ; tm½k H w d k Y o nf v nf ; aumif; tm½kHjyKvkdufwJhtcg pdwfrSmay:vmí tm½kHrjyKaomtcg pdwfrSmray:vmbJ csKyfqkH; aerIukdvnf; csKyfaeMuayonf[k ododay;yg/ þuJhodkY pdwfu tm½kHrjyKvkdY tm½kHwdkY\csKyfqkH; aerIukd wpfcgwpfcg ½I½Iay;yg/ quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf /

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

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"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/

oajyvS&Gmu zdk;omvS aq;zdk;wpf0ufqpf ovdkygyJvm; cifoZl mjrihf

jzL;NrdKU? 'ud©Pm½HkpmoifwdkufwGif ausmif;om;? udk&if? OD;yÍÆif;wdkYonf rdrdwdkY twef;vdu k f owfrw S x f m;aom usupf mrsm;udk tzdwfaeYwdkif; oufqdkif&m pmcsq&mawmf wdkuftkyfq&mawmfxH tptqHk;aomfvnf; aumif;? pmaxmufq&mawmfu jyefjyapvdk aom pmyd'k u f akd omfvnf;aumif; jyefqjkd y&av onf/ wpfaeYaomtzdwfaeYwGif yxrBuD; wef;wGif wufae&aom ud&k ifyndEo ´ nf qef;? tvuFmudk q&mawmfxw H iG f wdu k ½f u kd t f vGwf jyefqdkjy&onf/ tvuFmwGif awmfawmfrsm; rsm; jyefqNkd y;D aemuf aemufq;kH oH;k av;yk'rf mS arh aeí tvGwfjyefqdkr&awmhay/ xdktcg q&mawmfu pmr&í xHk;pH twdik ;f oJ'Pf? a&'Pf? xrf;cdik ;f aomtjypfukd ay;avonf/ xdktcg udk&ifyndE´u ]q&mawmf b k & m; wynh f a wmf tvuFm*gxm yk'fa& (50) jyefqdk&Gwfwm 45 *gxmawmif jyefqdkxm;wmygbk&m;? ig;*gxm av;arh o G m ;wm oJ ' Pf a &m? a&'Pf a &m ay;wmrsm;ygw,fbk&m;? a&'Pfav;avmuf yJ ay;oihfygw,fbk&m;} [kavQmufxm;onf/ ud&k ifyndE\ ´ xdpk um;udk q&mawmf u oabmusí NyHK;awmfrlovdk usefaom ausmif;om;? udk&if? OD;yÍÆif;rsm;u &,fMuav onf/ ]tif; tif; udk&ifwufyk&JU qifajc qifvufuawmhuG,f oajyvS&Gmu zdk;omvS

aq;zdk;wpf0ufqpfovdkygyJvm;uG,f} [krdefYMum;awmfrlygonf/ (q&mawmfu udk&ifyndE´udk wufyk [líac:avh&Sdonf/) ]taMumif;pHkav; tus,fodyg&ap bk&m;} ]at; a&S;u oajyvS&Gm wnfcgp uaygYuG,f? oajyvS&Gmom; uyfap;ESJaumf w&m zdk;omvSqdkwm &SdouGJU? wpfaeY zdk;omvS yJ c l ; ½d k ; rwuf 0g;ck w f & if ; uae awmif a y: prf;usa&aomufrdvdkY iSufzsm;a&m*g&owJh/ tJ'gcsif;cif&Gmu emrnfBuD; q&mcqdkoludk yihaf c:Ny;D ukowJ/h q&maq;pwifuo k w,fqkd &ifbJ uyfap;ESJaumfwpf&m zdk;omvSu ]q&m&,f uRefawmfha&m*gudkom aysmuf a tmif u k a y;yg a&m*gaysmuf v Qif uReaf wmf q&mhudk xdu k x f u kd w f efwef uefawmh ygYr,fvaYkd jymNy;D aq;ukcaiGukd ray;ao;bl;wJ?h q&mu iSufzsm;a&m*gaysmufatmif aq; trsK;d rsK;d ay;aomfvnf;a&m*gu t&Si;f raysmuf awmh zd k ; omvS u aemuf q &mwpf a ,muf ajymif;ukzdkY pdwful;NyD;]q&m uRefawmfhudkaq;ukc aq;zdk; 0g;cb,favmufusovJvdkYar;awmh q&mu aq;ukowma&m aq;zdk;a&m usyf(100)yJ usyg w,fvdkYajymawmh zdk;omvSu q&m q&mhaq; u a&m*gtukeftpifraysmufbl; wpf0ufyJ aysmufygw,fqdkNyD; q&mhudkaiG(50) usyf y J uef a wmh vd k u f o wJ h ? a&S ; acwf

jrefrmorm; awmfqdkwmu arwåm? apwem xm;Muolqdkawmh zdk;omvS tajympum;udk oabmusNyD;]at; at; &ygw,fuG,f? &ygw,f uG,v f aYkd jymNy;D aq;tdwv f , G u f m jyefomG ;owJ?h ,ckvJ udk&if wufyku *gxm (50)rSm (45) *gxmjyefqdkEkdifNyD; 5 *gxmyJ r&vdkY wpf0uf aps;ESihf a&'PfyJay;ygvkdY aps;qpfaeouGJU? at;at; udk&ifwufyk aps;tqpfaumif;awmh a&'PfbJ xrf;ygawmhuG,f} [k rdefYMum;&m ausmif;om;? ud&k if? OD;yÍÆi;f wdrYk mS waomaom &,farmMuavawmhonf/ cif o l Z mjrih f

'd | d o k H ; yg; Ä bk&m;&SdpOf csdefuyifvQif t&SifqEé rax&fjrwfonf 0dyóem tm;xkwf&mü ESpfrSmav;q,f ausmfyg&,fvnf; wu,fr*fzkdvf r&qkdí vkdtyftaMumif; ñTefygawmif;qkd taygif;tazmf &[ef;awmfrsm;tm; xkwfazmfavQmuf&m tmeE´mu vdk&maxmufjy? xkdcgrSyif qEérax&f todapí usihfBuHav&m 'd|duGmaomf xkdcg r*fzkdvf... &awmhonf/ Ä 'd|dokH;yg; odrSwfyGm; ]wpf} um;.... ouúm, Ä aemufxyfwpfyg; odrSwfyGm; ]ESpf} um;.... oów Ä aemufqkH;wpfyg; odrSwfyGm; ]okH;} um;.... Oapä' Ä 'd|dokH;oG,f uGmrSuG,f &r,f... r*fzkdvfrSwf/ / a&T b k e f ; [d e f ; yG i h f a rmf ^ tif ; pd e f

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uRefawmf a0zefa&;pm a&;jcif;taMumif; ud k a t;rif ; (yJ c l ; ) jrwfA'k b ¨ &k m;&Sif a[mazmf vrf;ñTef csuf yd#uwfawmfwdkif;udk uRefawmf rzwf zl;yg/ tcsKdUcsKdUaom usrf;pmrsm;udk omzwfzl; ygonf/ txl;ojzihf "r®pMumw&m; OD;ESihf y#d p ö o rk y Ü g 'f ? tewå v u© P mok w f r sm;ud k omrax&fjrwfBuD;rsm;rSwqihf ÓPfrDorQ avhvmoif,lcJhygonf/ oif,lcJhzl;onfqdk aomfvnf; tusOf;rQom[kqdkvQif ydkrSefygvdrfh rnf/ q&mawmfBu;D rsm;\ w&m;yGrJ sm;udv k nf; rsm;rsm;pm;pm; remzl;yg? tenf;i,fom emzl; ygonf/ tawG;tac: a[mif;rsm; jy,fvGihf a&;udk taxmuftuljyKaom(0g)rvdkvm; tyfaom t,lonf;rIrsm; rd½;kd zvmtpGrJ sm;udk yaysmuf a paom taMumif ; t&mtcsuf tvufrsm;udk a[mMum;jyoay;aom rax&f jrwfwdkY&JU w&m;yGJrsm;avmufom emcJhzl;onf [k 0efcHyg&ap/ bmoma&;qdkif&m taMumif;t&m tcsuftvufrsm;ESihf ywfoufírl uRefawmf a0zefwifjyEkid rf nfr[kwyf g/ us,0f ef;xlxv J S aom bmoma&;qdkif&m t,ltqrsm;? tbd "r® m rsm;ud k uRef a wmf r ES H Y p yf ÓPf r rD ?

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acwfrDaq;0g;jzifh uko&rnfhtpm; raumif; qdk;&Gm;zrf;pm;jcif;aMumihfjzpf&onf[k t,lpGJ jzpfay:um ]awmxkwfjcif} (0g)&Gmcg jcif;rsm; jyKvkyfMu\/ aus;&Gmwpf&Gmu &Gmcgrnf[k qd k v Qif xd k & G m rS m &G m om;wpf c sKd U eD;pyf&mNrdKU&Gmrsm;odkYvSnhfvnfum ]&Gmcgw,f Asd K U}[k [pf a tmf \ xd k a eY n rd k ; csKyf w G i f xdNk rKd U&Gmrsm;ü rD;wxdex f ed f oHyek ;f w0ke;f 0ke;f jzihf &GmcgMu\/ rlv&Gmcgaom &GmrSraumif;qdk;0g; rsm; xGufajy;vmaomtcg rdrdwdkYNrdKU&Gmrsm; twGi;f r0ifEidk af tmif BuKd ;pm;jcif;jzpfMuonf/ xdkodkY&GmcgonfhaeYqdkvQif uRefawmfwdkYonf tdrfwHcg; tvHkydwf? Murf;Mum;av;awmif t0wfpESifh ydwq f NYkd y;D rsupf o d il ,fEiS fh xdwv f efY aecJh&ayonf/ a&eH qDrD;cGuf\ rD;awmuf onf vI y f & rf ; aeav&m td r f x &H a y:ü ½k y f & S i f q vd k u f u J h o d k Y w&d y f & d y f j zpf a e\/ xdkrD;a&mifvIyf&Sm;aeouJhodkY uRefawmfwdkY\ toJ E S v H k ; rsm;vnf ; vI y f c gaecJ h & av\/ eH&Hay:wGif raumif;qdk;&Gm;qdkonfh[mBuD; ay:vmEdk;Edk; aMumuf&GHUaecJh&yHkudk arhr&Ekdif atmif&Sdawmhonf/ tv,fwef;ausmif;om;BuD;jzpfvm aomtcg ykvdyfa&m*g\ tEÅ&m,frSm<uuf? iSufzsm;a&m*g\ rlvrSmtefEdkzdvpfjcifaumif?

0rf;a&m*g\ ZmpfjrpfrSm ,ifaumifponfjzihf odvm&onf/ xdktcg vlBuD;rsm; &Gmcgonf qdkjcif;rSm t"dyÜg,fr&SdaMumif; ra[mo"mav oHjzihf ajymMunhfrd\/ tajymcH&aom vlBuD; rsm;u xd y f u d k q D ; acguf N yD ; ]'D a umif a v; rdkufuef;wwfaeNyD} [k rSwfcsufcsvdkufMu\/ wpwpESihf 37 rif;qdkaom ewfrsm;\ twif;

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"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

udak jymwwfvm\/ ]rESaJ v;b,fawmh tysKjd zpf rvJ ewfuawmfawG bmaMumifh t&ufpGJoGm; ovJ? [dkbuf&GmvHk;uRwf rD;avmifoGm;wHk;u tdrfwdkif;&Sd ewf½kyfawGtmvHk;rD;xJygoGm;wm bmaMumih f v J ? ewf p if B uD ; xJ u ypö n f ; awG aysmufvGef;í wHcg;ydwfaomhcwfNyD; udk;uG,f ylaZmfae&wmudk &,fp&m[movkyfNyD; ajymjy aepOf vl B uD ; rsm;u rsuf a pmif ; xd k ; um ]trdkufuav;} ]rdpämuav;} [ktrnfopfay; jcif;cHvm&wwfonf/ t,lonf;rIESihf ywfoufí ½dk;&m udk;uG,fyorItwGuf wpfckck qifajcay;wdkif; prf;oyfjywdkif; ]vlrdkuf} [k vlBuD;olr wdkY\ tac:cH&onfcsnhf;jzpfavonf/ pavmif;zHk; ESpcf syw f ;D jypOf tdrw f iG f ulncD sujf yKwaf eaom ta':Bu;D rD;zdx k rJ S xGuaf jy;oGm;yH?k ewfwifxm; aom iSufaysmoD;udk cyfwnfwnf,lpm;í ewfuawmfjymjymovJ aMumuf'l;wkefaeyHkudk rSwfrdao;\/ uRefawmfhudk ajymvdkufqdkvdkuf onfrSm &p&mr&Sd/ txufwef; ynmoif&aom t&G,f wGifrl odyÜHynmuvnf; xGef;um;vmaom umvjzpfojzihf tawG;a[mif;rsm; wpwpfp uRefawmfhudk,frS uGmusae\/ v,fwDq&m awmfbk&m;BuD;\ y#dpöorkyÜg'f'DyeD Oyg'geypö ,mba0g tcef;udk jrefrmjyef&Sif;vif;csuf oif,lNyD;csdefrSpí t,lonf;rItpGJtvrf;rsm; vHk;0 jyKwfusvmavawmhonf/ yÍörayyif q&mawmf b k & m;BuD ; &J U tpG J j yKwf ? wJ u k y f a&Teef;awmfudk xyfzwf&aomtcgwGifawmh ]t,lonf;rI wdkufzsufa&;wGif a&SUwef;odkY a&mufvmawmhonf/} rax&fjrwfBuD;u a&;cJhzl;\/ a&S;u awmifwiG ;f Bu;D e,fbufwiG f uav;aeraumif; vQif MuufwpfaumifvHk;csufjyKwfNyD; &Gmjyif awmpyfodkYoGm;um MuwfpmauR;&aMumif; aMu;zvm;acgufum Muwfpmrsm;xm;&pfcJhNyD; vlBuD;rsm;u aemufvSnhfrMunhf&pwrf; &GmxJ odkY jyef&aMumif; xkdtcg csHKykwfxJwGif ykef;ae aom bkef;BuD;ausmif;om;wodkufxGufvmNyD; Muufom;[if;udk pm;ypfMuaMumif;? ,aeYwiG rf l xdka'obufü MuwfpmrauR;MuawmhaMumif;? xdkpOfu MuwfpmauR;onfh Muufom;[if;udk Muwfa,mifaqmifum pm;cJhMuolwdkYrSm &Gmü vlBuD;rsm;jzpfvmMuíyifjzpfaMumif;? rax&f jrwfBuD;u a&;om;xm;\/ uRefawmfonf xdktcsufudk txl;oabmawGUrdonfhtwdkif; xdktaMumif;ukd BuHKonhfae&mwdkif; jyefvnf

azmufonfcsaerdonf/ vGwfvyfpGmudk;uG,fcGihf&Sdaom ,aeY acwfumvürnfonfhbmom udk;uG,foludkrQ twdkuftcHrvkyf? jyóemray:-raqG;aEG;rd? odkYaomf bmoma&;\ jyifyüyifqdk;qdk;&Gm;&Gm; tpGJBuD;aeonfh tawG;ac:a[mif;rsm; (0g) rvdv k m;tyfonfh t,lonf;rI? tpGt J vrf;rsm; ESiyfh wfoufírl uReaf wmfonf o&P*Ho k ;kH yg; rSvGJí umrkyg'gef? 'd|Kyg'gef? oDvAÁwkyg'gef? twå 0 g'k y g'gef q d k a om Oyg'gef a v;rsKd ; ES i h f qufEG,faeorQudk tpGrf;EkdifqHk;vufrcHtyf aMumif; ]t[HbaEÅ wdó&aPeo[} buf utajytvnf? wdwdyy ususee tcsufrdrd xdxad &mufa&muf&iS ;f jy\/ xdaYk Mumihyf v J m;rod trsm;ESirfh wlwhJ vlx;l qef;yrm uReaf wmferH nf ]vlY*Gpm} ]vlYuefYvefY} ]vlrdkuf} [k tcsKdUaom vlrsm;\ eHrnfBuD;atmifvkyfay;wmudkcH&\/ ajymyg&ap? ]odyÜHtawG;? acwf tawG;uav;rawmufwacguf? bk&m;pmtkyf av; wpftkyfwpfavavmuf zwfNyD; pdwfBuD; 0ifaewJhtaumif} [k rd½dk;zvmywf0ef;usifrS tjypfqdkMuonf/ uRefawmfvlrdkufuav;u vnf; trsm;rBudKuf&ifaeygap? w&m;eJYvnf; ud k u f r ,f ? bk & m;Bud K uf w J h v rf ; ud k y J vdkufaewm[k cGef;wHkYjyefcJhawmh emrnfBuD;vl rdkufjzpfvmcJh&\/ ywf0ef;usifrS trSwfwrJh avmu om;wdo Yk nf t,l0g'a[mif;? trSm;t,Gi;f (0g) igajymwm[kwfonf? pmtkyfxJygvdkYrSefonf? a&SUvlBu;D awGu 'Dvb dk aJ jymvdv Yk u kd v f yk &f onf? igYq&mrdefYrSmxm;vdkY aoG;xGufatmifrSefonf? igY t ,l o nf r S e f o nf [ l a om ud k , f h b uf u ,HkMunfcsufudk taumif;? olwpfyg; ,HkMunf csuu f t kd rSm;vkyu f m OD;&mvlu rdpmä 'd|v d yk w f rf; upm;aeaom jzpf&yfrsm;udk aESmif;acwfom;wdYk vrf;a[mif;xyfcahJ omfvnf; ,aeYtod qmae aom ,aeYvli,faemif0,fvlBuD;acwfom;wdkY u tjrifrSef? todrSefESihf rdrdudk,fwdkifxdawGU avhvmqef;ppf oH;k oyfMunhNf y;D vufcv H akd om vlom;wdkY wdk;yGm;vmaeNyDjzpfayonf/ wpf B ud r f w pf c gwk e f ; u uRef a wmf h rdwaf qG pmzwfot l csKUd u vlru kd Bf u;D vdYk emrnf arT;aewJt h wGuf trsm;BuKd uaf v;vnf; vkyyf g OD;vdkY apwemt&if;cHNyD; tBuHjyKowday;yg w,f/ uReaf wmfuvnf; ]igYvrf;igoGm;wJah e&m rSm cvkwfuHoif;rwdkufrdatmif a`rGqdk;uif; qdk;wdkY&efu vGwfuif;atmif rD;cGufxGef;NyD; udik o f mG ;wmyg/ 'Dvu kd ikd o f mG ;wJah e&mrSm arSmifxJ

rSm r[kwfwmvkyfwJhvlawGu rD;cGufBuD;udkif& rvm;vdYk &efjyKwmudak wmh igvnf;rwwfEidk b f ;l / 'D v d k c vk w f u H o if ; twd k u f r cH c sif w J h v l a wG a`rGqdk; uif;qdk;ab;&efu vGwfcsifwJhvlawG uvJ igYrD;cGufudkudkifjyoGm;wJhvrf;twdkif; vdklufvmMurSmygbJ? 'gudkvJ igurvdkufygeJYvdkY b,fEh , S v fh yk af jym&ufygYrvJ} [k jyefvnf&iS ;f jy cJhzl;NyD/ wpfzef uRefawmfhZeD;onfuvnf; 'Dvt kd rsm;eJY y#dyu©jzpfr,fph mrsK;d awG a&;aevdYk pdwfrcsrf;omp&mjyóemawG BuHKvmwdkif; &Siehf mrnf ]vlru kd Bf u;D } qdNk y;D ydak usmMf um;vmwm yJ tzuf w if r ,f [ k owd a y;zl ; ygonf / uRefawmfuvnf; ]at; wpfckawmh&SdwmaygU uGm? trSefw&m;udkajymwJhol[m avmurSm b,foleJY jiif;cHk&mra&mufygbl;? wdkYjrwfAk'¨ bk&m;tjzpfodkY a&mufwJhtcsdef oAÁnKwÓPf udkvufudkifxm;NyD; taeuZmwdoHom&H-t& twåawGMum;xJrSm tewåvdkYajymNyD; pMu0Vm wpfcv k ;kH eJY qefu Y sib f ufxu G cf w hJ myJ? aemufyikd ;f rSm olYt,l0g'? olYtbd"r®mudk vufcHolawG &SdvmjyefvdkY vdkufa[majymvrf;ñTefaeawmh vnf ; yJ ausmuf w H k ; eJ Y z d o wf ? qif e J Y w d k u f ? rde;f r,kwef pYJ yG pf ?JG 0dik ;f qJvq kd J vkyaf eao;wmyJ udpör&Sdygbl;} [kom Oyrmay;NyD; jyefvnf acR;odyfcJh&av\/ aemufydkif;umvmr rif;om;awGudk a[mwJh auorkwdåokwfudk edum,foifwef; wufpOfrSm aMunufatmif avhvmqnf;yl;rd oGm;aomtcgwGirf l uReaf wmfonf bk&m;a[m trS e f w &m;buf xuf o ef v mygaMumif ; a0zef & yf w nf a jymqd k a &;om;zd k Y yd k í yd k í qE´jyif;vmygaMumif; "r®rdwfaqGwdkY/ pmñT e f ; wPSmeda&ma"g edAmÁ eH ESifh twåem0 Zmae,smxudk MunfndKpGmzGifhqdkygonf/ ud k a t;rif ; (yJ c l ; )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

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(6) ynm&SdwdkY csD;rGrf;tyfjcif;?

(7) wPSm'd|dwdkYjzihf oHk;oyfrIr&Sdjcif; (oDvESipfh yfíwPSm'd|rd jzpfjcif;)wdjYk zpfygonf/ oDvnpfEGrf;apEdkifaomtaMumif; wdkYudkvnf; owdjyKqifjcifoihfygonf/ trsuf xGufjcif; (aum") &efNidK;zGJUjcif; (Oyem[) olY*kPfaus;Zl;udk acszsufjcif; (ru©) zufNydKif wkyjcif; (yVmo) olwpfyg;BuD;yGm;- csrf;om onfukd remvdçk r½Iqw d jf cif; (£óm) rdrpd nf;

pdrfudk ESajrm0efwdkjcif;? olwpfyg;ESihf qufqH& rnfudk wGefYwdkap;ESJjcif; (rpä&d,) rdrdüxif&Sm; &Sdaomtjypfudk zHk;uG,fxm;jcif; (rm,m) rdrdü xif&Sm;r&Sdaom *kPfudk&Sdav[efaqmifjcif; (omaX,s) wdkYonf oDvudk npfEGrf;apEdkifyg onf/ oDvvHkNcHKa&;twGuf a&SmifMuOfjcif; udk ]]0d&wD}} [kac:qdo k nf/ um,'kp½du k o f ;kH yg; rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk or®mur®E0Å &d wD? 0pD'pk ½du k f av;yg;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk or®m0gpm0D&wD? toufarG;rIEiS yfh wfoufí um,'kp½du k o f ;kH yg;?

0pD'kp½dkufav;yg;wdkYrS a&SmifMuOfjcif;udk or®m tmZD00d&wD[kac:qdkyg\/ ]]0D&wD}} [laom a&SmifMuOfjcif;ü oDvaqmufwnfxm;í a&SmifMuOfjcif; (orm 'ge0d&wD) oDvBudKwifaqmufwnfxm;jcif; r&Sad omfvnf; vGeu f sL;Edik pf &mtaMumif;0w¬KwYkd ESihf ]]&ifqdkifawGUaomtcg? rvGefusL;rdatmif? vQyw f jyufapmifx h ed ;f a&SmifMuOfjcif; (orÜw0å &d wD) t&d,myk*¾dKvf\ 'kp½dkufw&m;rsm; tNrJ a&SmifMuOfjcif; (orkapä'0d&wD) [lí oH;k rsKd ;&Syd g \/ oDvodum© yk'u f kd tusO;f csKyt f m;jzihf pm&dwåoDvESihf0g&dwåoDv[lí ESpfrsdK;cGJjcm;Edkif ayonf/ pm&dwåoDvrSm bk&m;&SifcGihfjyKonhf twkid ;f vdu k ef m&aomtusijfh zpfNy;D - aqmif&ef oDvjzpfonf/ touf? odum© ? *kP0f gBu;D olwYkd tm; c&D;OD;BudKqdkrI? vuftkyfcsDrI? t½dktaojyK rI? 0wfBuD;0wfi,fjyKrI- paom usihf0wfrsm;udk ,HMk unfro I '¨gw&m;? rysi;f r&daom0D&, d w&m; wdkYjzihf jznhfusihfjcif;onf pm&dwåoDv rnfay \/ 0g&d w å o D v rS m a&S m if & ef o D v jzpf onf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;u rjyKusihf&? rjyKusihf aumif;[k qHk;rynwfxm;aom- olYtouf owfjcif; ponhf 'kp½du k f (10) yg;udk a&SmifMuOf jcif;jzpfonf/ xdk'kp½dkufw&m;wdkYudk usL;vGefyg u? tyg,fi&JodkY usa&mufEdkifayonf/ t"d o D v od u © m ? t"d p d w å o d u © m (orm"d) t"dynmodu©m[laom odu©moHk;&yf tusihfjrwfü? t"doDvodu©monf t&if;cHus

aom odu©myk'fjzpfayonf/ oDvvHkNcHKatmif apmifhxdef;? usihfoHk;EdkifygrS orm"d? ynmwdkY wdk;wufjzpfxGef;Edkifonfudk txl;owdcsyfzdkY vdak yonf/ oDvodu©myk'f? *kPfaus;Zl;BuD;rm;rI wdu Yk -kd ]]ig;&mig;q,fZmwf0w¬K}} ü jrwfpmG bk&m; a[mMum;xm;onfrmS rSwo f m;p&mjzpfygonf/ ]]oD v 0d r H o }} Zmwf 0 w¬ K ü bk & m; avmif;onf ykPÖm;rsdK;üjzpfü? udk,fusihfoDv aumif;rGefNyD; aA'ifoHk;yHkudkvnf; wwfajrmuf onf/ jA[®'wfrif;BuD;\ yka&m[dwfykPÖm; jzpfonf/ rif;Bu;D \ olt Y ay: MunfnKd av;pm; csifcif,HkMunfrIonf twwfynmaMumihfay avm/ odrYk [kw-f ud, k u f sio fh v D aMumifah yavm [k pl;prf;Munhfrdonf/ yka&m[dwfykPÖm;onf rif;BuD;\yef;xdrfawmftdrfodkY0ifNyD; tjyefwGif aiGtojymwpfusyfudk wdwfwqdwf,laqmif vmcJhonf/ yef;wdrf0efu ykPÖm;\vkyf&yfudk awGUjrifaomfvnf; ykPÖm;BuD;\ *kPfodu©mudk ½kdaoav;pm;aomaMumifh rod[efaqmifaecJh onf/ ykPÖm;BuD;onf 'kwd,aeYü tojym ESpfusyfudk ,laqmifcJhonf/ yef;wdrf0efu onf;cHNyD; rod[efatmifaecJhonf/ wwd, ajrmufaeYrmS rl vufwpfcyk pf mrQ&adS om tojym udk aumuf,al omtcg? yef;wdr0f efu onf;rcH awmhbJ? yka&m[dwfykPÖm;BuD;tm; olcdk;tjzpf zrf;qD;NyD; BudK;jzihfwkyfaESmifí rif;BuD;xHac: aqmifoGm;avonf/ rif;BuD;u cdk;rIxif&Sm;aomaMumifh tjypfay;&ef trdefYay;avonf/ ykPÖm;BuD;u rdrdonf- ckd;olr[kwfyg/ Opömypönf;? twwf ynm? tusihfoDvwdkYwGif rnfonhft&mu jrihfjrwfonfudk od&Sdvdkojzihf jyKrlpl;prf;jcif;jzpf aMumif;..,ck-rif;BuD;u tjypfay;vkdufjcif; aMumih f avmuwG i f tusih f o D v onf o m tjrwfqHk;jzpfonfudk od&Sd&NyDjzpfygaMumif; rif;BuD;tm; avQmufxm;avonf/ taMumif;pHkudkod&ojzihf rif;BuD;u tjypf r S c G i h f v T w f a omf v nf ; - trI a wmf u d k pmrsuf E S m 37 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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(4) aerdZmwf-aerdrif;(Ak'b ¨ momr[kw)f (10) a0óEÅ&mrif;BuD;(Ak'¨bmom r[kwf? b,fbkef;BuD;rS w&m;ra[m? &aohawGudk tvSLay;aeol? b,folrS w&m;vmra[mol) xdkYaMumihf Ak'¨bmomrS ukokdvfjyK wwfjcif;r[kwí f igAk'b ¨ mom0ify[ J k pdwBf u;D r0if o ih f y g/ (rnf o nf h b mom0if j zpf y gap aumif;rIjyKvQif aumif;usKd;&NyD;om;yifjzpfyg onf)/ ,ck Ak'¨bmom0if oD[dkVf (oD&d vuFm)? uarÇm'D;,m;? vmtkd? xdkif;? jrefrm EkdifiHwdkYuJhodkY EkdifiHi,fuav;awGu tnHhqHk; ygyJwJh/ [kwfyg&JUvm; [kwf&JUvm;¿/ vlwdkif; ukokdvfjyKwwfvQif? Ak'¨ bmom0ifrSr[kwf rnfonfhbmom0if rqdk? jzLjzLrnf ; rnf ; vl r sKd ; awG ? uk o d k v f j yKvQif ? aumif;usKd;rsm;pGm&vdrfh/ bk&m;avmif;rsm; yg&rDjznhfcJhonfh b0rsm; (av;oacsFeJY urÇmwpfodef;)rSm (2 usyd f 4ql) om bk&m;yGiNfh y;D Ak'b ¨ mom (24) cgomay:cJ h y gw,f w J h / usef w J h t csd e f Ak ' ¨ bmom acwfukd r[kwcf yhJ gbl;wJ/h tJ'Dtawm twGif;rSmyJ bk&m;avmif;awG yg&rDjznfhawmfrl vdu k Mf uwm/ 'gav;udk yxrqH;k em;vnfrw S rf d vdkuf &ygw,f/ olwdkY olaX;BuD;awG bmvdkYjzpfMu ygvdrfh¿ (Ak'¨bmom rjzpfbJ) olwdkYenf; olwdkY[efeJY a&S;a&S;u aumif;rI uHawGjyKcJhMuygw,f/ jzpfav&m&m b0awG r S m aygY / aocgeD ; ed r d w f x if a wmh trsKd;rsKd;aom uHaMumifh wpfcsKdUu EdkifiHBuD; om;rsm;uJhodkY EkdifiHrSmjzpfMu? 0ifpm;wJh rdbrsm; u olaX;? 0ifpm;olu olaX;? bmajymp&mrS r&Sd (Ak'¨bmomeJY rqdkif? olwdkYtwGuf) oH;k rukeaf tmif aygayr,fh jzKe;f rae Muygbl;? ukodkvftay: ukokdvfqihf? ausmif;? aq;½H k a wG a qmuf ? Muuf a jceD q d k o nf E S i h f aiGxnhf? EGrf;yg;olEkdifiHawG? EkdifiHom;awG wdk;wufatmif uklnDyHhydk;? 'geawGwdk;vkyfvdkY qk w f o nf r &S d ? aumif ; vd k u f w J h owif ; aumif;vdkufwJh uHawGu renf;wmygvm;?

t&darawå,sbk&m;yGihfawmh zl;Mu &OD;rnf/ uHaumif;vdkY ÓPfygaumif;vQif tuRwf & rnf ? 'grS r [k w f aemuf b k & m; vufxuf uRww f rf;0ifMu&rnf/ (jrwfb&k m;&JU opöm 4 yg;w&m;jrwfudk emMu&íaygY) 'gaMumih f ig Ak ' ¨ b momyJ q d k N yD ; pdwfBuD;r0ifrdzdkYyif? trSwfwrJhaeoGm;vQifawmh Ak'¨bmom0ifjzpfvnf; wjcm;olu ausmfoGm; vdrrhf nfaygY/ pm;p&m&SdaewJh EkdifiHi,fav;awGrSm bk e f ; bk & m;wd k Y & J Y tqH k ; tr omoemawmf atmufrSm ÓPf&ihfoefNyD;vmcJhMuygw,f/ &Sift&[Hom jrefrmjynf<urvmcJh vQif jrefrmEkid if &H UJ todÓPfukd Munhv f u kd af wmh t&nf ; BuD ; wd k Y 0 g'atmuf r S m jym;jym;0yf v d k f Y ao;odrfcJhw,f/ &Sift&[H<uvmrS ygvmwJh yd#uwfawmfrSm Ak'¨bmom tqHk;trrsm;eJY tck v d k tajctaeawG t&nf t csif ; awG e J Y omoemta&mif xGe;f ajymifcyhJ gw,f/ jrwfA'k &¨ UJ w&m;a'oemawmf t qH k ; rawG r&vd k u f & if ygrvmcJh&if cyfnhHnHhyJ&SdaeOD;rSmaygY aemf/ Ak'¨bmomrSm ]Zmwd y d ' k u © m ? Z&myd ' k u © m ? Asm"d yd'kau©m? r&PrdÜ'ku©H} wJh? y#doaE¨ae qif;&J? td k q if ; &J ? emqif ; &J ? aoqif ; &J a wG u d k awGUjrifod&Sd qifjcifrdaeygNyD/ cspf&oleJY auGuGif;&vdkY rcspfrESpf oufoleJY aygif;zuf&vdkY cHpm;&wJh 'ku©awG? Mum&Snfvm&if raumif;vSbl;vdkY NiD;aiGUwJh ÓPfuav;&vmaeygNyD/ 'D Ó Pf u av;&wm ol w d k Y x uf omaeygNyD/ (olwdkYrSm 'DÓPfrsKd; wpfoufvHk; rjzpfbl;wJh)/ (olwdkYrSm i&J? wd&pämef? Nydwåm? tol&um,fr&Sd? rod? ) (uHudk r,HkMunf) a,mif0g;0g;av;eJY bmawGrES ;f rodyg bl;wJ/h Ak'¨bmomrSmawmh "r®pMum w&m;

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/ awmfwdkY r*FvokwfwdkY y|mef;w&m;awmfawG a&mufukefMuygNyD/ Ak'¨bmom bmvSLvSL? qGrf;vSLvSL? ]edAÁme ypöa,m a[mwk} vdkYqdkNyD; bk&m; &[EÅmrsm; a&muftyfaom oHo&mukefqHk;&m edAÁmefvdkYom tm½HkjyKvdkY vSLMuygw,f/ (edAÁmef qdkwm bk&m;? &[EÅmwdkY y&dedAÁmefjyK&mudk ajymwmyg)/ tJ ' D u d k a &muf z d k Y oD v ? bm0em? orm"d? ynm? 'geawGeJY avhusihfyGm;rsm; xlaxmifNyD; toduyf? ÓPfjzihf? vHkYvxkwf? owd uyfNyD;oGm;&ygw,f/ udavomawG y,f o wf ? 'd | d a wG jzKwf c svd k Y wuf v S r f ; usihfBuH&w,f/ "etiftm;rSm Ekid if BH u;D u olaX;awG omygw,f/ 0dyóemÓPftjrifeYJ edAmÁ ef0ifzYkd Ak'¨omoemu omygw,f/ ypö n f ; Opö m "e <u,f 0 jcif ; onf csr;f omygonf/ avmuDtm½Hk umr*kPrf sm;\ csrf;omjcif;rdkY avmuDcsrf;omyg/ avmukwå&mcsrf;omjzpfzdkYusawmh avmuD udavomawGudk trsKd;rsKd; y,fcsKd;ESdrf &if; tqifhqihfusihf&if; jyKpkxlaxmifyGm;rsm;& onfrdkY udk,fhpdwfudk y"me Ekdifeif;atmif usih f , l & ygonf / ud a vomtnpf t aMu; uif;aom edAÁmefonf avmukwå&medAÁmef csrf;om jzpfygonf/ avmuk w å & m csrf ; omed A Á m ef u d k wufvSrf;vkdaom Ak'¨bmomEkdifiHikfav;rsm; onf qif;&Jonf[k rqdkygacs/ csrf;omjcif;onf 'ku©Nidrf;&m jzpfí? csr;f omjcif;udk vlwikd ;f awmihw f vdck sirf rd nfrmS "r®wmyif/ avmuD? avmukwf? ESpfjzmtvkyf Mum;ü&Sdaeaom uREfkyfwdkYonf ]vljzpfvQifvnf; vlcsrf;om? ewfjzpf&ifvnf; ewfcsrf;om? jA[®mjzpf&ifvnf; jA[®mcsrf;om? r*fzdkvfcsrf;om? edAÁmefcsrf;om? &ygapaMumif; qkawmif;&wJh okc onfcsrf;om} ]r*F v m&S d w J h c srf ; om? r*F v m&S d w J h csrf;om? csrf;omjcif;udk &&ifom vlwdkif; csrf ; ajrUrS m ?} [l a om a&T r ef ; csrf ; om\ ES p f y g;cG i f o D c sif ; av;uk d teuf x if x if Munh f j rif rd & if ; ? Mum;a,mif & if ; edAmÁ efra&mufcif pyfMum;rS edAmÁ efcsr;f omtxd &Ekid o f nftxd odjrifo;kH oyf qifjcif? ÓPfjrif? owd u yf ? tod c syf í ? vH k Y v vnf ; ul

pG J v ef ; ul í Bud K ;pm; oG m ;&rnf r S m Ak'¨bmom0ifwdkY\ trSwfwrJh wm0efr[kwfbJ yD y D j yif j yif Bud K ;pm;&rnf h w&m;jzpf a Mumif ; qifjcifrdygonf/ jA[®pdk&fw&m;(4)yg;jzpfaom (1) arwåm (rdrdudk,fESihftrQ cspfjcif;? udk,fcsif; pmjcif;) (2) u½kPm(qif;&Jtm;i,foludk oem;jcif;) (3) rk'dwm (csrf;omjcif;&SdolawGtwGuf 0rf; ajrmufjcif;) (4) Oayu©m(qif;&J csrf;omxdkESpfjzmwdkYMum;ü pdwfukdxm;jcif;) (aomuuif;uif;aejcif;) wdkYjzihf qifjcifí 0rf;ajrmuf&rnfjzpfygonf/ uREfkyfwdkY qif;&Jaeygovm;¿ [ihftif; uREfkyfwdkY rqif;&Jyg/ ud, k 0hf efu, kd x f rf; ud, k Ef idk &f m ud, k v f yk Mf uzdYk yif/ tm;vHk;owå0g awG &Tifvef;csrf;ajrU usef;rm csrf;omMuygap/ oD v rd k ; puf y G i h f pmrsuf E S m 35 rS quf v uf r xrf ; aqmif a wmh a y/ rif ; BuD ; xH cGifhawmif;í &aoh&[ef;jyKNyD; [dr0EÅmawmodkY 0ifoGm;avawmhonf/ ypönf;Opöm? twwf ynmwdkYxuf ]]tusihfoDv}} uom jrihfjrwf aMumif; xif&Sm;aom Zmwf0w¬Kjzpfay\/ ]]'ojA[® P }} Zmwf 0 w¬ K üvnf ; bk & m;avmif ; onf 0d " k & trwf t rnf j zih f xif&Sm;cJhonf/ aum&Asrif;BuD;onf tvSL'ge wdkYü 0goemBuD;oljzpfaomaMumihf ZrÁL'dyfwpf uRef;vHk; wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;aponhf tvSLBuD; ay;vSLonf/ odkY&mwGif tvSLcHyk*¾dKvfwdkYü]]ig;yg;oD v &S d o l } } yif wpf O D ; wpf a ,muf r Q ryg&SdonhftwGuf rdrdtvSLudk tm;&auseyfrI r&Sdacs/ oDv&So d rl sm;udo k m vSL'gef;vdak Mumif; 0d"k&trwftm;ajymjyavonf/ 0d"k&trwf

37

onf jynfolwdkYtm; oDvapmihfaponf/ rdrd ud, k w f idk v f nf; oDvapmifx h ed ;f Ny;D ajrmuf[rd 0EÅm &Sd eE´rlvdkPf*lrS yapöuAk'¨gig;&mwdkYudk tm½HkjyK &nf r S e f ; vsuf qG r f ; tvS L cH < ua&muf y g&ef yef;&Spq f yk u f kd aumif;uifoyYkd pfvw T v f u dk o f nf/ xdyk ef;wdo Yk nf yapöuAk'g¨ rsm;xHa&muf&o dS mG ;Ny;D 0d"k&trwfxHrS yef;apyifhzdwfjcif;udk qifjcif od&SdoGm;Muonf/ aemufwpfaeYwGif yapöuAk'¨gig;&m onf aumif;uifc&D;jzihf <ua&mufvmMuonf/ auma&Asrif ; BuD ; onf yapö u Ak ' ¨ g wd k Y t m; eef;awmfodkYyifhaqmifNyD; ckepf&ufwdkifwkdif qGr;f uyfvLS 'gef;avonf/ oDv&SdolwdkYudkom vSL'gef;vdkaom rif;Bu;D \vdt k yfqE´rsm; jynh0f oGm;cJah vonf/ ]]oDv}} *kPaf us;Zl;Bu;D rsm;rI ]]om"u}} wpfcyk if jzpfyg\/ oDvESihfjynhfpHkolonf aumif;jrwf aom *kPfowif;? ausmfapmrI&Sdjcif;? y&dowf tv,fü? raMumufr&GUH ? 0H0h phH m;pm; rsuEf mS ri,f? wihw f ,f&iT v f ef;pGm&Sjd cif;? oufwrf;jynhaf e&í aovGefaomtcg rawGra0bJ pdwfMunfvif pGmjzihfaovGef&jcif;? aovGefNyD;onhfaemuf ok*wdbHkb0 (vlYjynf? ewfjynf) ü jzpf&jcif; paomtusdK;aus;Zl;rsm; &&SdcHpm;Edkifayonf/ ]]oD v ac:qd k ? ud k , f u sih f w &m;? pif M u,f j im;rl ? pD ; yG m ;wd k ; wuf ? emrnf wufí? &GHU&SufaMumufuif;? yGJv,fcsOf;\/ aojcif ; qd k u f u yf ? owd c syf v suf ? a&muf vwf ewf 0 ,f ? þig;oG , f ? ½I z G , f o D v aumif ; usd K ;wnf ; /}} ud k ; um;csyf omoema&;0ef B uD ; Xme ]]Ak ' ¨ b momw&m;awmf } } (txuf w ef ; tqif h ) [d e f ; rif ; xuf (pd e f u ef Y v ef Y )

vl r I t usd K ;jyK atmif N id r f ; csrf ; uk o d k v f j zpf a q;cef ; atmifNidrf;csrf; rdk;ukwf0dyóem"r®&dyfom tzGJUcGJ trSwf (365) ½Icif;om&yfuGuf? omauwNrdKUe,f? &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;/ zkef;- 559528 tywf p Of p aeaeY aeYv,f 1;00 em&DrS - 3;00 em&Dxd aq;0g;ukoEkdifygonf/ aq;0g;ypönf;vSL'gef;vdkolrsm; vSL'gef;Edkifygonf/ zkef;- 559528

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

38

"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfonf/

aus;Zl;awmf&Sif r[m*E¨m½Hkq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

t&SiZ f eumbd0o H \ "r®yZ l muAsmrsm; Munf v G i f

aus;Zl;awmf&Sif r[m*E¨m½Hk q&m awmf b k & m;BuD ; \ "r® y l Z muAsmtcsd K Uud k pkpnf;vsuf atmufwGifazmfjytyfygonf uAsm (1) igwdkYae&m? þurÇm wPSmtkyfpdk;onf/ wPSmap&m? raeom azG&Smquf&onf/ &onhfOpöm? cspfolyg pGefYcGmoGm;&rnf/ wu,hfta&;? wu,hfab; b,faoG;b,fom; ru,fNyD/ igESifh&G,fwl? ihgatmufvl BuD;olaoMu? rsm;vSNyD/ Z&mrD;awmif? udk,fwnf;avmif aoatmifNrd§Kufawmhonf/ rao&cif? oGm;vrf;pOf BudKwifjyifoihfNyD/ 'geoDv? bm0em vrf;omxGiv f rd rhf nf/ r*¾if,mOfBuD;? tjrefpD; c&D;xGufawmhrnf/ uAsm (2) vl[kqdkvQif vlvdkyifom vlwGifawGU½dk;? aMumif;tusdK;ESihf aumif;qdk;ESpfwef? avmu"Hudk trSefawGUNrJ? pdwf0,fpGJí 0rf;enf;0rf;om? rrsm;ygrS aemifvmqufquf? wd;k wufwuf\/ xdkwGufrsm;jym;? tdkvlom;wdkY bk&m;a[mazmf? w&m;awmfudk aysmaf ysmv f u dk pf m;? pdw0f ,fxm;vsuf rsm;avmu"H? BuHhBuHhcHí rSefrSefrNzHK? pdwfrwkefatmif vlYbHkoifwdkY? oGm;zG,fudkY/

uAsm (3) ud, k w f nf;wpfa,muf? csr;f oma&muf zdkY ckavmufBudK;ukwf tm;rxkwfbl;/ Ak'¨jrwfpGm? omoem\? a&S;cgbdk;b? vufxufuvQif? &onhfwefcdk;? xyfrn§dK;zdkY? tm;BuKd ;rmefwuf? igaqmif&u G o f nf? qufvufwnfwHh½Hkomwnf;/ uAsm (4) Ak'¨jrwfpGm? avmif;vsmwkef;u aemufqHk;txd yg&rD/ vlewfrsm;pGm? csrf;oma&;rdkY? toufay;vdkY jznhfcJhonf/ Ak'¨jrwfpGm? omoemtwGufrdkY? igyg toufqHk;aprnf/ aemufrqkwfaygif? ckvdkawG;vkdY? ukodkvfa&;rdkY BudK;pm;rnf/ uAsm (5) bk&m;&Sifawmf? ryGifhay:vQif? vlawmftrsm;? pdwaf umif;xm;vnf;? þum; ukodkvf? tukodkvfESihf? xdkxkdbHkb0? rod&? rsm;vStjypfawG/ bk&m;&Sifawmf? yGihfxGef;ay:í? a[mazmfñeT Mf um;? jrwfw&m;aMumih?f þum;ukodkvf? tukodkvfESihf? xdkxdkbHkb0? odMu&? rsm;vSaus;Zl;awG/ uAsm (6) od&efrSefu? rusef&atmif? vHk;0pHkvif? tukefjrif? oAÁOfÓPfawmf tpGrf;wnf;/ odonhfw&m;? rsm;tjym;ü?

a[mxm;pzG,f? enf;oG,foG,fudk? cs,fvS,fpHkvif? tukefjrif? oAÁOfÓPfawmf tpGrf;wnf;/ uRwfxdkufMuap? rsm;a0ae\? £a`E´p½dkuf? olYtBudKufudk?

EdIufcRwfpHkvif? tukefjrif? oAÁOfÓPfawmf tpGrf;wnf;/ ÓPfawmfpGrf;yum;? þoHk;yg;aMumihf? trsm;a0ae? uRwfvGwfapzdkY? raerem;? oufawmftm;jzihf?

BuD;rm;avbd? &Spfq,fjynhfí? y&dedAÁmef? pHonhfwdkifatmif? o,f,laqmif? bkef;acgifigwdkY bk&m;wnf;/ uAsm (7) axmufrSefay:wGif? udk,hftoGifudk qifjcifvdkbd? aeYpOfMunhfodkY rdrdoDv? qdkiforQudk aeYncyif;? vGefoefY&Sif;í ysHUoif;arT;rI? tav;jyKvsuf oHk;vlYxGwfxm;? jrwfbk&m;ESihf w&m;oHCm? t&d,m\ qdkif&m*kPfawmf? ÓPfüay:atmif &Tifaysmf½Ipm;? o'¨gyGm;rI rvm;tyg,f? w&m;u,frnf ½IzG,faxmufrSeftppfwnf;/ uAsm (8) "mwfr½dkufcif? aumif;pGmjyifrS yHkwGifuse? ½kyfoGifvSodkY rkcsrSefpGm? oHo&m\ urÇm&yfcGif? "mwftjyifü pdwfpOfuse? ½kyfoGifvSí acrmNrdKUeef;? ta&mufvSrf;zdkY ½Iprf;apcsif? pdwftpOfudk

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ jyifqifavuGJU? aepOfwJh/ uAsm (9) ud, k w f nf;wpfa,muf? qif;&Ja&mufvYkd udk,hfaemuftrsm;? csrf;omyGm;rI wpfyg;jzpfaxG? qif;&Japawmh pdwfaeckvdk 0rf;0,fodkí xdkxdktvkyf? vGef;BudK;ukwfaomf r[kwfowif;? vkyfZmwfcif;vsuf csif;csif;&GJUoH? uJh&JUoHudk emcHrnnf;? jynfvHk;[nf;rQ a0;eD;tESHY? jyefYatmifjzefYvnf; rcHhw&HU? cHhw&HUeJY BuHhBuHhyHkao cHcJhay\/ uAsm (10) vlYbHkxHk;pH? uJh&JU'Pfjzihf &JrmefydwfoJ? c&D;cJ&ef pdwfZGJoefoef? aemufrjyefbJ &Jrmef&Jaq;? &JpdwfarG;vsuf &JaoG;eDeD? 0D&&D/ uAsm (11) tdk;rzkwfcif? tdk;vkyfpOf0,f tdk;wGifESdyfcwf? wHqdyfrSwfum; rjywfrpJ? tdk;yifuGJvnf; tNrJwap? wnf&SdaeodkY axGaxGaoG;om;? uav;rsm;ü bk&m;wHqdyf bmompdwfudk cwfESdyfEdkifrS? oufqHk;usatmif Ak'¨0g'D? pGJíwnfrnf udk,fpDcwfESdyfapownf;/ uAsm (12) w&m;ppfrSef usihfBuHMurS csrf;omokc &Edkifr,f w&m;wkawG usihfaeMuvdkY qif;&J'ku© a&muf&w,f ,ckwpfzef trSefvrf;odkY tjrefvSrf;zdkY csdefcguG,f 'grSwkdif;jynf bmoma&;aMumihf om,mat;aq;&Sdvdrfhr,f &Sdr,f &Sdr,f uAsm (13) uav;t&G,f vdr®mESifhygrS BuD;&ihfu vdr®mrnf/ rvdr®m jynfaxmifpkMuvQif

aumif;rI rwnf/ uav;wdkY aejynf wnfapzdkY pdwfapm/ eHurf *FvmESifh aeYruGm nOfhygoHk;vdkY&,f NyHK;Muapaom/ uAsm (14) bmom0g'? rwlMuí avmutwGif;? jiif;cHkjcif;jzihf qif;&J'ku©? a&mufukefMu\/ 0g't,l? rSm;cJhrlum; qlqlAk'¨? u,fr&wnhf av;0yg,fbHk? ab;awGUBuHKvdrfh aphpHkÓPfjzihf? arQmfaxmufcsifhum wpfqihfMum;od? rd½dk;zvm aumvm[v? usrf;pmrQESihf BuHqenf;rSD? qDavsmfoHk;oyf ,lcsif;xyfí? ,HktyfolyJ q&mpGJjzihf? vGJyHkpdwfcs r,lMuvih/f 'd|usihfBuH? udk,fydkifÓPfjzihf rSm;rSefaumif;qdk;? odatmifBudK;[k rsdK;umvmr? a[mñTefjy 0g't,l? ppfwrf;ay/ uAsm (15) wdkYajrXmeD? a&S;cgqD0,f rax&ftaygif;? pH&mausmif;rS Nidrfhanmif;om,m? rdefYtmPmudk &yf&Gmvlrsm;? vGefav;pm;cJh ckum;odkYES,f? r[kwfuG,fí

39 e,fy,fpD;yGm;? om;orD;wdkY bkef;BuD;ausmif;wGif? pmroifawmh xdkYjyifNrdKUae? uav;awGum; wdkYarbmom? wdkYarpmudk oif&maumif;rQ? rxifMubJ jyifyvmay;? pmyaxG;udk tav;*½k? ta&;jyK\/ ,ckvdkom? ESpfaygif;MumvQif jrefrmwkdif;zGm;? trsdK;om;wdkY bk&m;udkpGefY? w&m;pGefYí pGefYvdrfhrSefpGm? jrwfoHCmwnf;/ xdkcgwkdif;zGm;? vltrsm;vnf; w&m;ryg? trSm;pmaMumihf rsm;pGmckxuf? wdk;íysufvdrhf/ odkYwGufrsm;jym;? bkef;bk&m;wdkY w&m;udkjzihf? vHkatmifusihfí rvihfap&? udk,hfa'oü odyÜ0dZÆm? jyoifh&mudk aumif;pGmydkifydkif? jyoEkdifrS bkef;vdIifa[mjy? Mo0g'udk pdwfuMunfjzL? vkdufem,lvsuf udk,frIEIwfajymif;? pdwfvnf;aumif; vdr/fh raumif;taumif;? taMumif;aMumif; udk aomif;ajymif;ukepf if? tukejf rifonf ax&f&Sifrsm;pGm? 'g,umwdkY tcgtcGihf? yeHoifhatmif pmcsihfpkaygif;? enf;opfajymif;rS aemufaESmif;jrefrm? omoemonf &SnfMumaeodkY? xGef;rnfukdY/ Munf v G i f

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jrwfaomtusifh\ tptOD;w&m;awmf The first principle of godly living "r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmif (tjynf j ynf q k d i f & max&0g'wuú o k d v f ) vl Y b H k vl Y a vmuü þrQavmuf &[ef ; ? &[ef ; r? Oygoum? Oygod u mrwnf ; [l a om y&d o wf a v;yg;wd k Y o nf &S d M uyguk e f \ / þAk ' ¨ omoemawmf o moemawmfu d k oif M um;ay;&ef vd k t yf y g\/ xd k Y a Mumih f oif , l a vh v mygavmh / aqmif x m;ygavmh / þAk ' ¨ " r® o moemawmf o nf tusd K ;pD ; yG m ;ES i h f p yf y g\/ omoemawmf w nf ; [l a om jrwf a omtusih f \ tptOD ; vnf ; jzpf y g\/ This is a Dhamma discourse nowhere honoured among the four companies, to wit: monks, nuns and lay- disciples, both man and women, let the learns by heart this Dhamma discourse, let the bear it in mind! this Dhamma discourse, is charged with good, It is a first principle of godly living.

Owå & 0d y wå d o k w f tcgwpfyg;ü t&SifOwå&onf r[do0w¬Kt&yf oacF,su awmif 0#Zmvduausmif;ü oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ xdktcgwGif t&Sif Owå&onf &[ef;wdkYtm;? þodkYrdefYMum;awmfrlav\/ ]]ihg&SifwdkY? &[ef;onf &Hzef&Hcg rdrd\ysufpD;rIudk qifjcif&ef aumif;\/ ihg&Siw f ?Ykd &[ef;onf &Hzef&cH g olwpfyg;\ ysupf ;D rIukd qifjcif &efaumif;\/ ihg&SifwdkY? &[ef;onf &Hzef&Hcg rdrd\jynfhpHkrIudk qifjcif&ef aumif;\/ igh&SifwdkY? &[ef;onf olwpfyg;\ jynfhpHkrIudk qifjcif&ef aumif;\/}} xdt k csed w f iG f a0o0Pfewfrif;Bu;D onf ajrmuft&yfrS awmif t&yfodkY wpfpHkwpfckaom jyKzG,fudpöjzifhoGm;av\/ a0o0Pfewfrif; Bu;D onf r[do0w¬Kt&yf oacF,suawmif 0#Zmvduausmif;ü &[ef; wdkYtm; a[majymaeaom (txufyg) t&SifOwå&\ w&m;oHudk Mum; av\/ xdktcg a0ó0Pfewfrif;BuD;onf cGeftm;&Sdaoma,musfm; onf auG ; xm;aomvuf a rmif ; ud k qef Y o uJ h o d k Y v nf ; aumif ; ? qefYxm;aomvuf armif;udk auG;ouJhodkYvnf;aumif;? þtwlyif (wpfcPwmtwGif;ü) r[do0w¬Kt&yf oacF,sawmif 0#Zmvdu ausmif;rS uG,cf í hJ ? wm0wd H omewfwüYkd • xif&mS ;jzpfav\/ xdaYk emuf a0ó0Pfewfrif;Bu;D onf ewfwt Ykd &Sif odMum;rif; txHodkY csOf;uyfí? ewfwdkYt&SifodMum;rif;tm; þodkYaompum;jzihf avQmufwifav\/ ]]t&Sio f Md um;rif;? odawmfryl gavmh/ xdt k &SiOf wå&onf r[do

The venerable Uttara Once the venerable Uttara dwelt near Mahisavatthu, on the Sankheyyaka mountain, Dhavaja-lika-.

There the venerable Uttara addressed the monks... saying: "Reverend sirs, well it is for a monk to review, from time to time, his own faults; well it is for him to review the faults of another; well it is to review his own attainments: well it is to review another's."

Now at that time the Royal deva, Vessavan.a; was on his way from the northern region to the south on some business or other, and he heard the venerable Uttara teaching the monks... (this doctrine) in Dhavaja-lika-....

Then just as a strong man might stretch forth his bended arm or might bend his outstretched arm; even so the Royal deva, Vessavan.a, disappeared from Dhavaja-lika- and appeared among the devas of the thirty.

And Vessavan.a approached Sakka, king of the devas and said: "Your grace, I would have you know that this venerable Uttana in Dhavaja-lika-, on the Sankheyyaka mountain, near Mahisavatthu, teach this doctrine: well it is from time to time, to review one's own faults; well it is to review another's; well it is to review one's own attainments; well it is to review another's."

Then as a strong man might bend and stretch out his arm again, Sakka, king of the devas, disappeared from among the devas of the Thirty and appeared before the venerable Uttara in

pmrsuf E S m 25 ok d Y