DV23-12 by Thomas Winn

Comforting wisdom for life

tyÜrm'ESifh jynhp f o kH \ l *kPo f wif;ausma f pmjcif; The fame and fortune of the mindful person NidNidrrf ; csrf f ; csrf; OD; OD; ;

Nir d ;f csr;f OD; Ä x<uvHkYv 0D&d,&Sdaom? owd&Sdaom? pifMu,fonhf trIudpö &Sdaom? pl;prf;qifjcif íjyKrl a vh & S d a om? apmif h p nf ; onh f £a`E´ o d u © m &S d a om? w&m;ojzih f touf a rG ; aom? rarh r avsmh tyÜ r m'w&m;ES i h f jynh f p H k a omol t m;? pnf ; pd r f O pö m t&mtxl ; *k P f a us;Zl ; owif ; ausmf a pmjcif ; onf wpf a eY w pf j cm;wd k ; yG m ;av\/ Ä

If a person is energetic, pure in his thought, word and deed, and if he does everything with care and consideration, restrained his senses, earns his living according to the law (Dhamma) and is not unneedful, then, the fame and fortune of that minful person steadily increase.

pmrsuf E S m 25 ok d Y

q&mBu;D OD;a&Tatmif\tjrifrsm;ajymif;vJjcif; ESifh tawG;tjrifpmpkrsm;rS rdrdwdkY\ ywf0ef;usifudk Munhfvdkuf vQif tnw&rsm; awG U &rnf j zpf \ / xd k t nw&rsm;tay: Munf n d K aom pdwjf zpfatmif tm;xkw&f mü &wemoH;k yg; \ yHhydk;rIu rsm;pGmvdk\/ &wemoH k ; yg;ü Munf n d K aompd w f r S wpfqihf tnw&rsm; tay: ajymif;a&TUí ,l&\/ tu,fí rdrdwdkY\ MunfndKrIonf &wemoHk;yg; tay:üom tqHk;owfNyD;? rd r d w d k Y \ ywf 0 ef ; usif & S d tnw&rsm; tay:od k Y a&muf a tmif ajymif ; a&T U í r,lEidk b f ;l qdyk g vQif xdMk unfnKd rIrsK;d onf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ tvdkawmfus MunfndKrI rsKd;r[kwf/ r[mouú & mZf 103 ck E S p f uqk e f vjynha f eY nOf\ h aemufq;kH ,HwiG f od'w ¨ ¬ rif;om;onf oaAÁnKw ÓPfawmfudk &í bk & m;tjzpf o d k Y a&muf awmf r l \ / bk&m;tjzpfodkY a&mufawmf rlNyD;aemuf yÍörowåm[wGif tZygv anmifyif&if;ü pHawmfrpl Of ]]avmuü *g&0w&m; uif;rJí h aejcif;onf raumif;? rdrdtaejzihf *g&0 jyK&rnfh yk*Kd¾ vf[í l avmuü r&Sad vaom aMumihf rdrdxdk;xGif;í odawmfrlxm;aom "r® r sm;ud k o m *g&0 jyKíaernf } } [k qH k ; jzwf a wmf r l N yD ; jrwf p G m bk & m;onf aemufq;kH y&deA d mÁ efjyKawmfro l nfh umv txd "r®rsm; tay: *g&0jyKí aeoGm;\/ *g&0&SdygrS o'¨gxuf\? o'¨gxufrS vnf; *g&0udk &\/ xdaYk Mumihf *g&0ESifh o'¨g onf tjcif;jcif; rSDwG,faeaom y&rw¬ "r®rsm; jzpfMu\/

Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; jyKpk w if j yonf /

VOW

"r®0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/

Aka'¨gaAma",sH

rkawåmarmap,sH

wdaPÖmwma&,sH

opömw&m;ukid goo d vk?d a0ae,swo Ydk ad p&rnf

b0taESmiftzJGrh S igvw G o f vkd a0ae,swYdk vGwaf p&rnf

oHo&m0J*,ufrS igu;l ajrmufEidk o f vkd a0ae,swYdk ul;ajrmufapEkid &f rnf

"r®0&D *sme,f

'kdYwm0efta&;oHk;yg; - jynfaxmifpk rNydKuJGa&; 'kdYta&; - wkdif;&if;om; pnf;vHk;nDnGwfrI rNydKuJGa&; 'kdYta&; Mo0g'gp&d,q&mawmfrsm; - tcsKyftjcmtmPmwnfwHhckdifNrJa&; 'kdYta&; t*¾r[my@dw b'´ E å ukrm& jynfolYoabmxm; - jynfytm;uk;d ykqed ½f ;dk tqk;d jrif0g'rD sm;tm;qefu Y siMf u 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(pDr)H - Ekid if aH wmf wnfNird af t;csr;f a&;ESih f Ekid if aH wmfw;d k wufa&;ukd t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ EåaZmwdu(M.A) aESmifh,SufzsufqD;olrsm;tm; qefYusifMu 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(ynm) - EkdifiHawmf\ jynfwGif;a&;ukd 0ifa&mufpGufzuf tbd"r®myd#ur[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf aESmifh,Sufaom jynfyEkdifiHrsm;tm; qefYusifMu t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw a'guw f mb'´ Eåax&dE´(Ph.D) - jynfwiG ;f ? jynfytzsuo f rm;rsm;tm; bH&k efot l jzpf yd#uwfqidk &f mygVpd mayXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf owfrSwfacsrIef;Mu t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåy@dwmbd0o H (M.A) EkdifiHa&; OD;wnfcsuf (4)&yf ok w å Eå y # d uwf r [mXme? XmerS L ;^yg a rmu© q &mawmf -ÄEkdifiHawmfwnfNidrfa&;? &yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&;ESihf r[m*E¬ 0 g p uy@d w b'´ Eå o r k e (M.A) w&m;Oya'pkd;rkd;a&;/ Ak'a¨ 'oemjyefyh mG ;a&;ynmXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf -ÄtrsK;d om; pnf;vk;H nDñw T rf I ckid rf ma&;/ f mb'´ EÅynm0Ho(Ph.D) -Äpnf;urf;jynh0f aom 'Dru dk a&pDpepf &Sio f efcidk rf matmif t*¾r[m*E¬0gpu y@dw a'guw armfueG ;f xde;f q&mawmf wnfaqmufa&;/ - zGphJ nf;ykH tajccHOya'ESit fh nD acwfrD zGNUH zK;d wk;d wufaom pmwnf;csKyf EkdifiHawmfopf wnfaqmufa&;/ pD;yGm;a&; OD;wnfcsuf(4)csuf r[mo'¨ra® Zmwdu"Z wuúov dk o f Qio f &D d -ÄpkdufysKd;a&;ukd ykdrkdzGHUNzKd;wdk;wufatmif aqmif&GufNyD; ("r®mp&d,? bDat) acwfrDpufrI EkdifiHxlaxmifa&;ESihf tjcm;pD;yGm;a&; u@rsm;uk d v nf ; buf p k H z G H U N zKd ; wd k ; wuf a tmif pmwnf ; tzJG Y ? jynfpkd;? "r®xufukd wnfaqmufa&;/ pDrHa&;&m? NzKd ;rmrm - aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf yDjyifpGm jzpfay:vma&;/ - jynfwGif;jynfyrS twwfynmESihf t&if;tESD;rsm; xk wf wf a0 ol zdwaf c:í pD;yGm;a&;zGNUH zK;d wk;d wufatmif wnfaqmufa&;/ -ÄEkdifiHawmf\ pD;yGm;a&;wpf&yfvkH;ukd zefwD;EkdifrIpGrf; wifp;dk (NrJ -04266) vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf tm;onf EkdifiHawmfESihf wkdif;&if;om;jynfolwdkY\ 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f vuf0,fwGif&Sda&;/ vlrIa&;OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yf tjyiftqif uGefysLwm - wpfrsKd;om;vk;H \ pdw"f gwEf Sifh tusihpf m&dwå jrihrf m;a&;/ NzKd ;NzKd ;Zmjcnf? jrwfE;dk ykid ?f ,Ge;f av;i,f - trsKd;*kPf? Zmwd*kPf jrihfrm;a&;ESihf ,Ofaus;rItarG tESpfrsm;? trsKd;om;a&;vu©Pmrsm raysmufysuf jzefYcsda&; atmif xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smufa&;/ vIid Mf unfjzL"r®0&D pmaywku d f - ppfreS af om rsK;d csppf w d "f gwjf zpfonhf jynfaxmifppk w d "f gwf zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 &Sifoefxufjrufa&;/ rk;d aumif;uifpmay? -Ä wpfrsK;d om;vk;H use;f rmBucUH idk af &;ESifh ynm&nfjrihrf m;a&;/

Address Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f taqmif(1)? tcef;(6)? jrefrmtifzw dk uf? wuúov dk rf sm; vdiI ef ,fajr

trSw(f 134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)? ausmufww H m;NrKd eU ,f? &efuek Nf rKd /YU zke;f -01-253255 xGe;f OD;pmay(rEÅav;) zke;f 02-39801

yH k E S d y f wifatmif0if;? bk;d &mZmykEH ydS w f u dk f trSw(f 162)? (45)vrf;? Akv d w f axmifNrKd eU ,f/

zvif Empire Colour Repro

,ck t ywf zwf p &m u@ uavmif&Sifrsm;

pmrsufESm

v,f w D q &mawmf b k & m; - - t,f'Dwmtmabmf OD;oDvmpm&

- - - -

- - - - - - -

a'guf w m eE´ r mvmbd 0 H o - -

r[maAm"d N rd K if q &mawmf 0e0goD a O,s"r® o mrd

- - - 23

rkH&GmaeZm - - - - - - - - -

&S i f Ó P(zsmyk H ) - - - - - - -

av;td r f p k t&S i f 0 d p d w å o m& -

t&S i f awZ0EÅ ( pvif ; ) - - -

pd w å ' D y (a&T a wmif O D ; )- - - -

t&S i f o k p d w å o m& (rk w f u Rwf ; &wem)- - - - -

azyPf ( "Ek j zL)OD ; y@d w - - -

&S i f y nm(anmif a v;yif ) - - -

ynmEG , f ( {&majr-"Ek j zL)- -

Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; - - - - - - - - -

aZmf n d K at;(ausmif ; uk e f ; )- -

xG e f ; wif h a tmif - - - - - - -

ud k a t;rif ; (yJ c l ; )- - - - - -

rsKd ; jrif h ( atmif v H ) - - - - -

,k 0 wD a &T 0 gpd e f - - - - - - -

"r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmif - - - - -

ouf y d k i f N id r f ; (½k u © a A')- - - -

oD w mOD ; (jref r mpm)- - - - -

- cifolZmjrifh

- - - - - - - - 32

- cif v S j rwf a xG ; - - - - - - w wkkdY\txl;aqmif;yg;? owif;ESifh uAsmrsm;/ &mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd Nidr;f csrf;aompdwf &J&ifw h nfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0ukd &ifqidk v f suf atmifjrifpmG jzwfoef;Ekid Mf uzkYd "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU/

EDITORIAL "r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/

r*F v mw&m;awmf t csKyf oH k ; yg;ES i h f tnD u sih f B uH j cif ; jzih f 0#f q if ; &J r S vG w f a jrmuf E k d i f M uygap bkef;awmfajcmufyg;ESihfjynhfpHkaom Ak'¨\ omrkuúHodu a'oemawmfjzpfaom "r®u©E¨m 84000aom ygVdawmfwdkYonf1/ ygVd a wmf j zih f a [majymí euf e J j cif ; "r® * rÇ D & ? 2/ teuf t "d y Ü g ,f \ euf e J j cif ; tw¬ * rÇ D & ) 3/ a0g[m&trsKd ; rsKd ; ? enf ; trsKd ; rsKd ; jzih f a[mMum;yH k e uf e J j cif ; a'oem*rÇ D & ) 4/ xdk;xGif;íodtyfaomoabm? xdk;xGif;íodtyfaomÓPf\ eufeJjcif; y#da0"*rÇD& [laom eufeJjcif;av;0 wd k Y a Mumih f tpd a EÅ , s*k P f E S i h f jynh f p H k a wmf r l \ [l í Ak ' ¨ a *gwr\ ÓPf & nf p G r f ; tm;ud k csD ; usL;yl a Zmf M uygonf / xdkuJhodkY tpdaEÅ,s*kPfESihf jynhfpHkaom Ak'önf avmuvlom;wdkYtwGuf vlYavmu ewfavmuwGif (12)ESpfMumatmif tajz&Smr&aom raumif;rIudk y,fjzwfwwfaom r*Fvmrnfaom w&m;udk tpdaEÅ,s*kPfjzihf ajz&Sif;jyoay;cJhygonf/ avmu? vl? ewf? jA[®mwdkYtwGkuf r*Fvmw&m;(38)yg;udk a[mMum;jyo&m wGifr*Fvm(38)yg;\ tcsKyfjzpfaom (0g) usefaom r*Fvmrsm;onf þ(3)yg;ü tusHK;0ifaom r*Fvmw&m;(3)yg;udk OD;pGmyxr a[mjyvrf;ñTefcJhygonf/ ,if;wdkYrSm1/ tao0emp AmvmeH= vlrdkufwdkYudk rrSD0J raygif;oif;& 2/ y@dwmeÍöao0em o0em= ynm&SdaomolwdkYudk rSD0Jaygif;oif;&rnf 3/ ylZmp ylZae,sme ae,smeH= ylaZmfqnf;uyfxdkufoludk ylaZmfqnf;uyf&rnfwdkYjzpfygonf/ ,if;(3)yg;wGif vlrdkuf[lonf tb,fenf; ynm&Sd[lonf tb,f[lenf;[lí od&Sd&ef xyfrHvkdtyfvmjyef&m Ak'ü Amvmy@dwokwfudk xyfrHa[mMum;NyD; &Sif;jycJhonf/ ,if;okwfawmft& AmvvlrdkufqdkonfrSm1/ raumif;rI 'kp½dkuf (10)yg;udk BuHpnfaeol 2/ raumif;aom 'kp½dkuf(10)yg;udk ajymqdkaeol 3/ raumif;aom 'kp½dkuf(10)yg;udk jyKvkyfae olwdkYonf vlrdkuf(Amv)wdkYjzpfonf/ y@d w ynm&S d qk d o nf r S m 1/ okp½dkufw&m;(10)yg;udk BuHpnfaeol 2/ okp½dkufw&m;(10)yg;udk ajymqdkaeol 3/ okp½dkufw&m;(10)yg;udk jyKvkyfaeolwdkYonf y@dw ynm&SdwdkYjzpfygonf/ yl a Zmf x d k u f o l q d k o nf r S m avmuD B uD ; yG m ;a&; jzpf a p? avmuk w å & m oH o &m(31)bH k u vG w f a jrmuf a &;jzpf a p? uvsmPrdwåac: q&maumif;vdktyfygonf/ Ak'ü &SiftmeE´mudk r*fzdkvfqdkufa&muf&eftwGuf uvsmP rdwåorÜ'gESihf jynhfpHk&ef rnfrQvdkygoenf;[kar;onhftcg &SiftmeE´mu (50%)vdkygonf[k tajz ay;cJhonf/ xdktajzudk bk&m;&Sifu (100%)txd vdktyfonf[k rdefYMum;awmfrl cJhygonf/ rdrdwdkY\b0 avmuDaumif;usKd; jynhfpHka&;twGuf avmuDaumif;usKd; jyKvkyfay;Ekdifaom q&morm;jzpfMuaom uvsmPrdwå vdt k yfygonf/ xdu k o hJ Ykd enf;ay; vrf;jyq&mr&Sb d J rdrw d b Ykd 0 avmuD Bu;D yGm;a&; csr;f oma&;udk rnfodkYrQ r&Ekdifyg/ tvm;wl oHo&mvGwfajrmufa&; wGif r*fzdkvfvrf;jy uvsmPrdwåqdkaom q&m vdktyfygonf/ xdkq&mu wwfodem;vnfatmif a[mjy? &Sif;jy? usihfenf;jyrS rdrdu od&SdNyD; usihfEkdifrnf? usihfEkdifí rdrdonf wpfr*f wpfzdkvf&ygrnf/ xdkuJhodkYaom q&mrsKd;onf ylZmp ylZmae,smeHt& ylaZmfxdkufaom q&mrsm; jzpfMuonf/ xdkuJhodkYaom r*FvmtcsKyf(3)yg;udk Ak'ü tpdaEÅ,sÓPfjzihf a[mjyxm;ovdk uvsmPrdwåac: q&mtpOftqufuvnf; enf;ay;vrf;jya[mjyaeygonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\ b0oufwrf;onf wpf&ufrS &ufowåwpfywf? &ufowåwpfywfrS wpfv? wpfvrS wpfESpfponfjzihf tpOf r jywf ul ; ajymif ; ae&ygonf / wpf e nf ; yk c uf t wG i f ; rS w pwp aorif ; buf o d k Y tpOf ajy;vT m ;aeygonf / wpfr*fwpfzdkvfr&orQ umvywfvHk; vlewf jA[®m? wd&pämef? Nydwåm tol&um,f? i&J? ½kyfemrf tjzmjzmudk &aeMuygOD;rnf? oHo&m 0#fqif;&Judk cHaeMu&ygOD;rnfjzpfonf/ ,aeY a cwf o nf qk w f u yf u mv jzpf í tpma&pm tqD t ES p f M oZmenf ; jcif ; ? xd k o d k Y e nf ; ía&m*gxl a jymjcif ; ? uyftEÅ&m,f trsKd;rsKd;usa&mufjcif;paom ab;tEÅ&m,f rsm;&SdaeonfrSefaomfvnf; Ak'ömoem Ak'¨\ "r®u©E¨maygif; 84000 udk a[mMum;jyo ay;Murnfh q&m? pmayrsm;&Sdaecdkuf? o'¨r®o0e [laom olawmfaumif;w&m;wdkYudk vG,fulpGm em,lcGihf zwfMum;cGihf avhvmcGihf &aeaom tcsdefumvjzpfí uREfkyfwdkYonf todw&m;jzihf owdxm;NyD; r*FvmtcsKyf w&m;(3)yg;ESihf jynhfpHkum oHo&m0#fu uRwfatmif usihfaqmifEkdifa&;ukd þ"r®0D&u wdkufwGef;tyfygownf;/ t,f'Dwm

WE LIVE WITH DHAMMA KNOWLEDGE

"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

tjynfjynfqdkif&max&0g max&0g'' Ak'¨omoemjyKwuúodkvf ygarmu©csKy f q&mawmfbk&m;BuD; t*¾r[my@dw? t*¾r[m*E¦0gpuy@dw a'gufwm t&SifeE´rmvmbd0Ho(Ph.D) a[mMum;csD ; jr§ i h f a wmf r l t yf a om

b0qnf;qm u½kPm w&m;a'oemawmf (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) jrwf p G m bk & m;a[mwJ h w &m;u ]]tpd & H 0 w ,H u ma,m}} at;...rif;cE¨mudk,fBuD;[m rMumcif ZD0defcsKyfNyD; 'Dtavmif; aumifBuD;udk ajrjyifrSm jr§Kyf&awmhrSm/ tckacwfqdk&ifawmh BudKufcsifrS BuKd urf ,f/ rif;aoawmhrmS qd&k if BuKd urf mS r[kwb f ;l / 'gayr,hf aowmudk aoawmhrSm vdkYqdkwm od&rSmayhg/ tJ'grS udk,faoawmhr,fqdkwmudk odrSvnf; vkyfoihfwmvkyfEdkifrSmjzpfw,f/ at;..'gaMumihf jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]]tpd&H0w,Huma,m}} 'DcE¨mudk,fBuD;[m rMumawmhbl;? okómefajrrSmpGefYypfNyD; tJ'DrSm vJavsmif;&awmhr,f/ ]]qka'¨g tayw0dnmaPm ed&w¬H0 uvd*F&H}} tdrfrSm xm;vdkYrjzpfonhftwGufaMumihf pGefYypfvdkufwJhtcgrSm xif;wHk; xif;pvdk bmrStoH;k rusawmhb;l / xif;wH;k ? xif;cGo J m;urS toH;k usao; w,f/ tdr, f Nl y;D awmh a&;aEG;wnfv&Ykd r,f/ xrif;vsuv f &Ykd OD;r,f/ vl&UJ cE¨mBu;D uawmh aooGm;Nyq D &kd if bmrStoH;k rusawmhwm jzpfomG ;w,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;u 'DcE¨mBuD; toHk;rusyHkudk w&m;jyvkdufwmjzpfw,f/ 'gu pdwfudk ukpm;ay;vkdufwmyg/ cE¨mudk,fBuD;ay:rSm wG,fwmaewJhtwG,ftwmudk jzKwfay; vkdufwmygyJ/ avmuvlawG[m twG,fudk rjzwfEdkifMubl;/ twG,fudk rjzwfEidk Mf ubJ wG,u f yfaeMuvdYk *wdawGvaJG eMuwmjzpfw,f/ tdrt f eD; tyg;rSm wapäjzpfw,f? o&Jjzpfw,fqdkwmawGu wG,faevkdYjzpf&wm ayhg/ tckjrwfpGmbk&m;u cE¨mudk,fudkawmifrS rwG,fzdkYajymw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;u at;..toufZD0defuif;oGm;wJhtcg a[m'D cE¨mBu;D [m bmrSo;kH vdrYk &awmhbJ ypfvu dk &f awmhrmS / cE¨m&JUtjypftem tqmudkjyNyD; a[mvdkufvdkY cE¨m&JUtjypfudkjrifNyD; tJ'D wdó &[ef;[m y#dorÇd'gÓPfawGeJY wefqmqifxm;NyD; tvGeftqihfjrihfwJh &[EÅmjzpf oG m ;w,f / aocgeD ; qJ q J r S m oem;p&maumif ; wJ h t ajctaerS taumif;qHk;tajctae wpfckodkYa&mufatmif aqmif&Gufay;Edkifw,f/ 'g[m ulnDrIwpfckyJ/ jrwfpGmbk&m;udk,fawmfwkdif ae0ifqnf;qm tcsdefrSmxm;wJh u½kPm w&m;yJjzpfw,f/ b0qnf;qm tcsdefrSm tckvdkulnDay;vkdufwm[m tvGef rGefjrwfw,f/ tu,fírsm; aZw0efausmif;u &[ef;awGvdkyJ ypfxm; vkdufNyD; a&m*goufomatmif jyKpkjcif;? jyKvkyfjcif;? a[majymjcif;awG wpfckrSrvkyfcJhbl;qdk&if pdwfqif;&JNyD; aooGm;&Smr,f/ 'gqdk&if oHo&m xJrmS epfreG ;f aeOD;rSmygyJ/ jrwfpmG bk&m;u ulno D ifw h mudk ulnaD y;onhf

twGufaMumihf um,du'ku©oufomoGm;w,f/ apwodu 'ku©vnf; oufomoGm;w,fayhg/ oufom½Hw k if rubl;? pdw[ f mjzLpifjrihjf rwfomG ; NyD; t&[wår*f? t&[wåzdkvfudk&oGm;NyD; BuD;us,fjrihfjrwfwJhedAÁmefudk a&mufoGm;&w,f/ 'g[m jrwfpGmbk&m;&JU vlrIulnDa&;ygyJ/ 'gawG[m jrwfpGm bk&m;udk,fwkdif vkyfcJhwmjzpfw,f/ tJ'Dyk*¾dKvf ysHvGefawmfrloGm;wJhtcg jrwfpGmbk&m;u &[ef;awGudk okóefydkYapNyD; oN*ØK[fckdif;w,f/ jrwfpGm bk&m;u usef;rma&;udk apmifha&Smufwm 'D0w¬Kt& tifrwefrS xif&Sm; ygw,f/ 'Drax&fudk pmayxJrSm ]] ylwd*wåwdó}} vdkYoHk;w,f/ ]*wå} qdkwm cE¨mudk ajymwm? ]ylwd} qdkwmu ykyfaewmjzpfw,f/ ]]ylwd*wå}} qdak wmh ykyaf ewJch E¨mud, k &f w dS hJ wdóud, k af wmfvYkd 'Dvakd jymwmjzpfw,f aemf/ tJ'v D kd a&m*ga0'emjyif;jyaewJyh *k Kd¾ vu f kd use;f rma&;ulnaD pmihaf &Smuf wJh oabmjzpfw,f/ 'g b0qnf;qm tcsdefrSm 'DvdkulnDvkdufwm wpfckaemf/ at;.. aemuf oufaoom"uwpfct k aeeJu Y uóyjrwfpmG bk&m;&Siv f ufxufawmftcgu awmifxyd af y:wufNy;D awmh oli,fcsi;f &[ef;awmf (7) yg; w&m;tm;xkwMf uw,f/ tJ'v D t kd m;xkww f t hJ xJr,f wpfyg;u &[EÅmjzpfoGm;w,f/ aemufwpfyg;u tem*grfjzpfoGm;w,f/ usew f hJ &[ef; (5) yg;uawmh ykxZk OftjzpfeyYJ J ysv H eG af wmfro l mG ;Muw,f/ tJ'D (5) yg;[m a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m;vufxuf jyefay:vmMuw,f/ awmif x d y f w uf N yD ; tm;xk w f w ,f q d k w m awmif q d k w m ck a cwf b,fawmifeJywlovJqdk&if ykyÜg;awmifuvyfeJYwlw,f/ avSum;axmifNyD; wuf&wm? awmifay:a&mufNyD;wmeJY wpfNydKifeuf tJ'DavSum;udk wGef;csvdkufwm? jyefqif;vdkY r&awmhbl;/ toufpGefYNyD;awmh w&m;tm;xkwfMuwm/ tJ'DtxJu tem*grfjzpfNyD; jA[®mhjynfudk a&mufaewJholuvdkufNyD; apmifha&Smufay;w,f/ tJ'D (5) OD;xJrSm wpfOD;tygt0ifjzpfwJh Am[d, 'g½kpD&d, wJh/ ysOfcsyfawGudk pyfNyD; t0wf0wfwJhol (opfom;pav;awGudk wGJpyfNyD; tJ'Dt0wfudkyJ 0wfwJhol)/ olYt0wfudku tJ'gav;awGyJaemf/ vlawGu olYudk txl;t qef;qdkNyD; 0dkif;MunhfMuw,f/ avmurSm vlawG[m olu Y , kd o f l bmrSr[kwrf eS ;f odaomfvnf; ab;uvlawGu 0dik ;f ajrm§ uf&if olu Y , kd o f t l [kwx f ifwwfw,f/ tJ'v D ykd J ysOfcsyfawG0wfxm;wJholYudk vlawGu &[EÅmqdkNyD; 0dkif;ajr§mufMuwJhtcg

WE LIVE WITH DHAMMA KNOWLEDGE

"r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ oluvnf; olu Y , kd o f l &[EÅmvdYk xifomG ;w,f/ wu,fawmh wjym;om; rS &[EÅmjzpfp&mr&Sb d ;l / ckacwfrSmvnf; 'grsdK;awG&Sdw,faemf/ ab;uae 0dkif;ajr§mufwmeJY t[kwfxifoGm;w,f/ wu,fuawmh bmrS&Sdwm r[kwf bl;/ ab;uvlawG 0dkif;ajr§mufvkduf&if 'ku©a&mufwwfw,f/ tJ ' D v d k y gyJ ? Am[d , 'g½k p D & d , uvnf ; 0wf p &mr&S d v d k Y opf w H k ; av;awG u d k aumuf,lwGJpyfNyD; 0wf&wmjzpfw,f/ olYudk &[EÅmqdkNyD; vlawGu0dkif;NyD; orkwfvkdufwmeJY oluvnf; olu Y , kd o f l wu,h&f [EÅm vdYk xifaew,f/ tJ'geJY ckeuoli,fcsi;f a[mif; jA[®mBu;D u vmNyD ; owd ay;w,f / ud k , f h v l - rif ; [m &[EÅ m vnf ; r[k w f b l ; ? &[EÅ m jzpf E d k i f w J h tusihfvnf;r&Sdbl;qdkawmh olu 'gqdk&if &[EÅm b,frSm&Sdwmwkef; ar;w,f/ ol[m pdwaf umif;ESv;kH om;awmh&w dS ,f/ 'geJY jA[®mBu;D u at;? &[EÅmqdw k m [dak jrmuft&yf? om0w¬jd ynf? aZw0efausmif;awmfrSm a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m;qdkwm&Sdw,f/ tJ'DudkoGm;? oGm;vdkY&Sd&if &[EÅmjzpf apEdkifwJh enf;vrf;awG rif;udkay;vdrfhr,fvdkY ajymw,f/ ,lZem (120) avmuf&w dS hJ c&D;udk tm;csi;f oGm;vdu k w f m vrf;rSm wpfnyJ tdyw f ,fw/hJ rk d i f a ygif ; rsm;pG m a0;uG m wJ h c &D ; ud k ol [ m Mum;wJ h t csd e f u aeNyD ; awmh oG m ;vk d u f w m jrwfpGmbk&m;udkawGUcsifvGef;vdkY vrf;rSm wpfnyJtdyfNyD;awmhoGm;wmjzpfw,f/ [dak &mufawmh reufyikd ;f qGr;f cH<uwJt h csed jf zpfaew,f/ tJ'geJY a&mufwt hJ cgrSm ]]bk&m; b,foGm;wmvJ}} vdkYar;awmh ]]qGrf;cH<uoGm; w,f? b,fuvmwmvJ}} vdkYqdkawmh ]][dk okyÜg&u (tdE´d,awmifydkif;ayhg) oabFmqdyfuvmw,f}} vdkYqdkawmh ]]tdk;..ta0;BuD;ayhg? b,faeYu xGufvmwmvJ}} qdkawmh ]]reufuyJ xGufvmcJhwmjzpfw,f}}? ]]'Davmuf ta0;BuD;c&D;[m tjrefvmvdkY a&mufEdkifzdkY&mr&Sdbl;? tJ'gaMumifh cPem; ygOD;? jrwfpGmbk&m; qGrf;cH<uNyD;&if jyefvmygvdrrfh ,f}}/ ]][m.. rapmifh Edik yf gbl;}} qdNk y;D awmh bk&m;qGr;f cH<uoGm;wJh om0w¬Nd rKd UxJtxd vkdufoGm; w,f/ [dka&mufvdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;vnf;awGUa&m ol[m cE¨mudk,fav; udkif;ñTwfNyD;awmh ukef;ukef;eJYoGm;NyD; bk&m;&Sif&JU ajczrdk;av;udk &Sdcdk;OD;cs um ]]wynhfawmfudk w&m;a[mygbk&m;? wynhfawmfudk w&m;a[myg bk&m;}} qdkNyD; twif;ajymw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;u jyefajymw,f/ ]]at;- qGr;f cH<uaewke;f &Sad o;w,f/ 'Dtcsed [ f m w&m;a[m&r,hf tcsed rf [kwf bl;}} vdYk ajymwmudk olu bmjyefajymovJqdkawmh ]]t&Sifbk&m;? wynfh awmf[m b,fawmhaorvJqdkwmudk rodEidk yf gbl;? t&Sib f &k m;touf vnf; rodEidk b f ;l ? wynhaf wmftoufvnf; rodEidk b f ;l ? 'gaMumifh a[myg bk & m;? wynh f a wmf w&m;remvk d u f & bJ aooG m ;&if b,f v d k v k y f r wk e f ; }} wJ h / jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]]r[kwfygbl;? tck qGrf;cH0ifaewkef;}} qdkawmh olu ]]r[kwfygbl;? a[mygbk&m; a[mygbk&m;}} qkdNyD; twif;a[mckdif;w,f/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

Ak'*¨ w D u d m q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) tnw& jAm[® P 0w¦ K Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0w¦djynf aZw0efausmif;awmfü aeawmfrlaomtcg tb,ftaMumif;aMumihf jA[®Prnfoenf; [k a r;avQmuf a om yk P Ö m ;wpf a ,muf \ jyóem ukd ajzqkdjcif;iSm ]]psm,d H 0d&ZrmoDeH}} paom *gxmukd a[mawmfro l nf/ ykPmÖ ;onf aomwmyefwnfav\/ psm,d H 0d&Z rmoDeH? uwudpö remo0H? Owårw¦ç rEkyÜwåH? wr[H jALrd jAm[®PH/ jref r muAsm uokdPf;psmefyGm; uif;jim;jrLawG? &[ef;udpö jynhf0pkHap? tmoa0gjywf jrihfjrwfa&mufae? xkdoltm; ykPÖm; igrdefYacR/ He that is meditative, stainless, and settled; he that has done his duty and is free from the Corruptions; he that has attained the Highest Goal, him I call a brahmana.

pum;ajy/ / uokdPf; paom tm½kH tedpö paom vu©Pmukd½Ivsuf udavom jrLuif; wpfa,mufcsi;f aewm &[ef;udpNö y;D í tmo0uif;aysmuf jrihfjrwfaom (&[EÅm) tjzpfodkY a&mufNyD;aom yk*¾Kdvfukd jAm[®P [k igbk&m; a[mMum;awmfrl\/

od r S w f z G , f & m yk x k Z Of \ teuf t "d y Ü m ,f w pf q ,h f E S p f y g; oDwmOD; (jrefrmpm) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

ykxkZÆe (ykxkZOf) \ teuft"dyÜm,fwpfq,hfESpfyg;wkdYudk t|omvdeD t|uxm (edau©y) ü zGifhqdkazmfjyxm;onfwdkYudk wifjytyfygonf/ yk x k u d a vao ZaeEÅ D w d yk x k Z Æ e m/ ykxk-rsm;pGmaom udavomwdkYudk? Ze- jzpfapwwfaomaMumifh ykxkZOfrnf\/ yk x k t 0d [ w ouú m ,'d | d u mwd yk x k Z Æ e m/ ykxk- rsm;pGmaom ry,fowf&ao;aom? ouúm,'d|d&Sdaom? Ze- owå0g/ ,if;teufaMumihf ykxkZOfrnf\/ yk x k e memow¬ m &meH rk c rk a v’ m ud u mwd yk x k Z Æ e m/ ykx-k txl;xl;aomq&mwd\ Yk (rsuEf mS udk warmharmh arQmMf unhf Mu&ukefaom) Ze- owå0g/ xdkYaMumihf ykxkZOfrnf\/ yk x k o AÁ * wD w d t0k | d w mwd yk x k Z Æ e m/ ykx-k tvH;k pHak om *wdwrYkd S (rxajrmufao;aom )? Ze- owå0g/ xdkYaMumihf ykxkZOfrnf\/ yk x k e membd ocF g a& tbd o cF a &mEÅ D w d yk x k Z Æ e m/ ykx-k txl;xlaom tbdocFg& uHw&m;wdkYudk? Ze- jzpfapwwf pDrHjyKvkyfwwfaomaMumihf? ykxkZOfrnf\/ yk x k e mem MoaC[d 0k , S E Å D w d yk x k Z Æ e m/ ykx-k txl;xl;aom MoCw&m;wdkYonf (oHo&ma&tvsOfaMum arQmtyfaom )? Ze- owå0g/ xdkYaMumihf ykxkZOfrnf\/ yk x k e mem oEÅ m ay[d oEÅ y Ü E Å D w d yk x k Z Æ e m/ ykx-k txl;xl;aom ylyefjcif;wdkYjzihf? (0g) ylyefapwwfaom? udavomw&m;wdkYjzihf (ylyefwwfaom)? Ze- owå0g/ xdkYaMumihf ykxkZOfrnf\/

pmrsuf E S m 11 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

r8¾if&Spfjzm omoem(10) rk H & G m aeZm

(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) r*¾ o pö e d a '´ o (4) or® m ur® E Å qk d w mbmvJ / ]or® m ur® E Å } qd k w m rS e f u ef a om tvkyf? rSefuefaomvkyfaqmifcsuf/ rS e f u ef aomtvk y f q k d w mu/ ygPmwdygwm a0&rPd- ol\toufudk owfjcif;rS a&Smifjcif;/ c/ t'dEém'gem a0&rPd- ykdif&Sifray;aom olwpfyg;Opömukd ckd;,lodrf;ykdufrIrS a&SmifMuOf jcif;/ */ umarokrdpämpm&m a0&rPd- umrwdkYü rSm;,Gif;aomtusihfrS a&SmifMuOfjcif;wdkYonf rSefuefaomtvkyf ]or®mur®EÅ} rnfyg\/ (5) or® m tmZD 0 qk d w mbmvJ / ]or®mtmZD0} qkdwm rSefuefaom toufarG;0rf;ausmif;jyKjcif;jzpfonf/ rSefuef aom toufarG;rIqkdwmum,uHokH;yg;? 0pDuH av;yg;wdkYukd a&SmifMuOfNyD; rSefuefaumif;rGefaom touf arG;0rf;ausmif;vkyfief;wdkYjzihf toifarG;jcif; jzpfonf/ (6) or® m 0g,mr qk d w mbmvJ / ]or®m0g,mr} qkdwm rSefuefaom tm;xkwfjcif;jzpfonf/ rSefuefaomtm;xkwf jcif;qkdwmu/ rjzpfao;aom tukodkvfw&m;rsm;ukd rjzpfatmif tm;xkwfjcif;? vkHYvjyKjcif;/ c/ jzpfNyD;aom tukodkvfw&m;rsm;ukd z,f&Sm; Ekdifatmif tm;xkwfjcif;? vkHYvjyKjcif;/ */ rjzpfao;aom ukov dk w f &m;rsm;ukd jzpfay: atmif tm;xkwfjcif;/ C/ jzpfNyD;aom ukodkvfw&m;rsm;ukd wnfwHh atmif? jynhfpkHjyefYajymatmif tm;xkwfjcif;?

vkHYvjyKjcif;wdkYonf rSefuefaomtm;xkwfjcif; pwk&*F0&D , d (t*Fgav;yg;ESijfh ynhpf aHk om 0D&, d ) ]or®m0g,mr} jzpfyg\/ (7) or® m owd qk d w mbmvJ / ]or®mowd} qkdwm ynmtqifjcif tajrmftjrifESihfjynhfpkHaom owdjzpfonf/ ynmtqifjcifESihf jynhfpkHaom owdjzpfatmif tmwmy ac: vkHYv0D&d,? orÜZme ac: ynm tajrmf t jrif qif j cif w k H w &m; aumif ; pG m tjym;tm;jzihf odjcif;? owdrm- owd&Sdjcif;? Oyg'geu©E¨m ig;yg;wdkYü wyfrufNiduyfrIqkdwJh tbdZÑm (avmb)? a'greóqkdwJh a'gowdkY udk y,fazsmufNyD; atmufarhqifjcif½IrSwf aejcif;ukd or®mowd[k ac:onf/ - um,mEk y óem owd y |mef - um,? ½kyfw&m; (um,mEkyóD) - a0'emEkyóem owdy|mef- a0'em? emrf w&m; (a0'emEkyóD) - pdwåmEkyóem owdy|mef- pdwf? emrfw&m; (pdwåmEkyóD) - "r®mEkyóem owdy|mef- "r®? ½kyf+emrf ("r®mEkyóD) wdkYü tzefwvJvJ ½IrSwfaejcif; onf ]or®mowd} jzpf\/ (8) or® m orm"d qk d w mbmvJ / ]or®morm"d}qkw d m psmefav;yg;wdEYk iS fh jynfhpkHaom wnfMunfrI? orm"d0dwuf? 0dpm&? yD w d ? ok c ? psmef t *F g wd k Y j zih f jzpf a y:aom yxrpsmef ponfwdkYjzpfonf/ þokdYjzihf tZÑwå ac: rdrdoEÅmefü vnf;aumif;? A[d'¨ ac: jyifyoEÅmefüvnf; aumif;? opömw&m;ukd tzefwvJvJ ½IrSwf\/ opömw&m;wdkY\ jzpfaMumif;oabm w&m;ukd vnf;aumif;?

opömw&m;wd\ Yk ysuaf Mumif; oabm w&m;udkvnf;aumif;? opömw&m;wdkY\ jzpfaMumif;oabm? ysufaMumif;oabmwdkYudkvnf;aumif; tzef wvJvJ ½IrSwfíaejcif;jzpf\/ þodkY opömw&m;wdkYü owdrjywf ½IrSwfyGm;rsm;aeol\ owdonf ÓPftqihf qihf jrihw f ufrI opömEkyóemÓPf jzpfay:\/ xkdtcg xkdyk*¾Kdvf\ oEÅmefü wPSm? 'd|dwdkY uif;&Sif;ae\/ Oyg'geu©E¨mwdkYüvnf; ihgukd,f? ih g [m? ih g Opö m [l a om yyÍö w &m;wd k Y j zih f rpGJvef;awmhay/ w&m;½IwfrSwfykH enf;rsKd;pkH yg0if vsuf&dSayaom þr[mowdy|meokwfawmf BuD;ukd Ak'¨jrwfpGmonf uk½kwdkif;? ur®mo'r® ed*kH;ü a[mMum;awmfrlcJhonf/ þonh f r[mowd y |meok w f a'oemawmfonf owå0gtrsm; udavom tnpftaMu;w&m;rsm; pifMu,fa&;twGuf vnf;aumif;? pk;d &drrf I aomu? ikad <u;rI y&da'0 w&m;awGukd z,f&Sm;zkdY&eftwGufvnf;aumif;? uk, d q f if;&Jjcif; 'ku?© pdwq f if;&Jjcif; a'greó w&m;awG csKyfNidrf;zkdY&mtwGufvnf;aumif;? r*fç zkdvfw&m;rsm; &&Sda&;twGufvnf;aumif; {um,aemra*¾ g - wpf a Mumif ; wnf ; aom vrf;rawmfBuD;pifppf {uefyifjzpfay\/ þonh f r[mowd y |mef w&m; awmf B uD ; uk d em,l r S w f o m;Mu&ojzih f &[ef;aygif;okH;aomif;wdkYonf ihgukd,f? ig? ighOpöm[laom wPSm? rme? 'd|dwnf; [l aom oHo&mcsJUxGifwwfonfh yyÍö w&m; wd k Y r S uif ; uG m Muum &[EÅ m t&S i f j rwf rsm; jzpf o G m ;Muavonf / od k Y j zpf a y&m owd y |mef w &m; vufukdifxm;vsuf ½IrSwfyGm;rsm;EkdifMuNyD; r*f? zkdvf? edAÁmef 0ifpHEkdifMuygapaMumif; apwem aumif;jzihf arwåmavmif;um qkawmif;yw¦em rI jyKvkduf&ayownf;/ Ä tm;vkH;ÓPfwGif? w&m;jrif? edAÁmefpH0if EkdifMuygap/ Ä owdy|mef? w&m;rSef? usihfBuHtm;xkwf Muygav/ Ä apwemrSefpGm? ydkYarwåm? csrf;om ukd,fpdwf jynfhpkHap/ r[mowdy|meokwf r*¾i&f pS jf zmomoemu@ NyD;ygNyD/ earm or® m orÁ K '¨ ó rk H & G m aeZm ñTef;- r[mowdy|meokwf ed*kH;ydkif;

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

t&Sdeft[kefaumif;a&;

,cif t ywf r S t quf bk&m;u tóZmae,sokwåefrSmyJ eHygwfav;tcsut f aeeJY ]Z0eorÜaEémp- t&Sed f t[keef YJ jynhpf MHk u&r,fvv Ydk nf; a[mMum;awmf rlcJhygao;w,f? bk&m;qkdvkdwJh t&Sdeft[kefu 0dyóem ynmt&Sdeft[kefukd OyrmjyKNyD; wifpm;a[mwmyg/ 'Doabmt& 0dyóemukd t&Sdeft[kefvkdYrSwf&ygr,f/ 'geaumif ; rI y J j yKjyK? oD v yJ aqmufwnf aqmufwnf? tJ'D 0dyóem t&Sdeft[kefygzkdY vkdygw,f/ 0dyóemynm ryg&if a wmh t&S d e f t [k e f r ygwJ h 'ge aumif ; rI ? t&S d e f t [k e f r ygwJ h oD v aqmuf w nf r I jzpf a eawmh w mayh g / wpfenf;qkd&if t&Sdeft[kefrygwJh ukokdvf aumif;rIu tusKd;ay;u aES;wmayhg/ t&Sdef t[kefyg&if aumif;&if tusKda;y;jrefw,f/ avmuOyrmt& ajym&&if ½kd;½kd; yefumav,mOfeYJ *suaf v,mOf ajy;EIe;f jrefEeI ;f uGmoGm;ovdkayhg/ ½kd;½kd;yefumokH;av,mOf (3) em&Dyso H ef;&wJch &D;ukd *suaf v,mOfu (1) em&D eJY ta&mufysHoef;EkdifvdkY c&D;a&mufykH uGmjcm; roGm;bl;vm;/ 'gu t&Sdeft[kefaumif;wJh raumif;wJhoabmyJ/ 'DvkdyJ 0dyóemÓPf rygwJh ukodkvfaumif;rIu tusKd;ay;aES;wm ayhg? 0dyóemynmygwJh ukokdvfaumif;rI usawmh ÓPfygvdkY edAÁmefukd ta&mufjrefap wmayhg/ 'Dawmh om;&SifjyKtvSLrSm t&Sdef t[kefygatmif b,fvkdxnhf&rvJqkdawmh tvSLU'g,um? 'g,dumrwdkY tck tvSLyGJBuD; qifEzJT Ydk tvSLyGeJ YJ vku d zf ufatmif jynhpf aHk tmif vS L zk d Y w ef ; zd k Y auR;zk d Y a rG ; zk d Y 0,f M ujcrf ; MueJ Y oGm;vmvIy&f mS ;aeMu&wm r[kwv f m;/ tJ'v D dk vIyf&Sm;oGm;vm&if;eJYyJ 0dyóemÓPfay: atmif &Sm&w,f/ 'Dae&mrSm 0dyóemqkdwm bmrsm; ygvdrfhqkdawmh t&Sd trSefw&m;ukd t&Sdtwkdif; od w J h w m[m 0d y óemyJ / t&S d t rS e f u k d &S d w J h t wk d i f ; jrif a tmif M unh f w m 0d y ó

emwJh/ tJ'Dt&Sd trSefukd b,frSm&Sm&rSmvJ qkad wmh aumif;uifrmS &Smp&mrvkb d ;l ? pMu0Vm EIwfcrf;rSm oGm;&SmMunhfp&mrvkdygbl;/ w&m; aysmuf & if uk d , f r S m &S m ? w&m;&S m &if ukd,frSm awGUr,fwJh / 'Dawmh w&m;&Sm&if rdrdukd,fcE¨m xJrSmyJ &Sm&rSmyg/ 'DcE¨mukd,fBuD;xJ bmukd &Sm&rvJqkdawmh ½kyfemrfukd&SmMu&rSm? &SdaewJh ½kyfw&m;? emrfw&m;ukd &SdaeykHtwkdif; od&Sd atmif &Sm&rSm? 'Dvkdodatmif&SmwJh w&m;? enf;vrf;uawmh trsm;Bu;D &Sw d mayhg/ 'gayr,hf tvSLr*FvmyGJtwGuf oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;aewJh oabmt&yJ? cE¨mxJrSm w&m;&SmMunhfr,f qkdvnf; &w,f/ tck tvSL'g,um? 'g,dumrwdkY tvSLudpötwGuf [kdem;oGm;vkduf? 'Dem;oGm; vkduf vkyfae&awmh ajcaxmufu [kdvSrf;&? 'DvSrf;&? qGrf;uyfMuawmh qGrf;yGJukd rçNyD; awmhuyfMu? ouFef;uyfMuawmhvnf; rçNyD; uyfMu&w,f/ ypönf;wpfckckukd vSLzkdY ukdif vkdufwkdif; tJ'DrSm bm0dyóem rdaevJqkd awmh ]xdç od} qkdwJh 0dyóem rdaew,f/ ]xd} qkdwJh azm|AÁm½kH? ½kyfw&m;eJY ]od}qkdwJh emrfw&m;? &m; 'Dw&m;ESpfyg; jzpfyGm; aew,f/ ajcwpfvSrf; vSrf;wdkif; ajcz0g;eJY atmuf u ajrom;eJ Y u yf N yD ; awmh xd a ewJ h txduav; rjzpfb;l vm;/ wu,fjzpfaew,f/ tJ ' D ajcz0g;eJ Y ajrom;xd a ewmav;uk d azm|AÁm½kH ½kyfw&m;vdkYac:w,f/ xdwmu ½kyfw&m;? tJ'Dvkd xdaewmukd pdwfuav;u vkdufNyD; odraebl;vm;/ xdrSef;odaew,f/ at;&ifvnf; at;rSe;f ? yl&ifvnf; ylreS ;f odw,f/ cJeif;rd&ifvnf; cJeif;rdrSef; odwmyJ/ tJ'Dtod uav; r&Sb d ;l vm;? &Sw d ,f/ tJ't D oduav;ukd emrf w&m;vdkY ac:w,f/ 'Dawmh xdwmu ½kyfw&m;? odwmu emrfw&m;/ 'Dawmh tvSLudpö pDpOfaqmif&Guf &if; ajcvSrf;vSrf;wkdif;rSm ]xdç od}? jzpfysuf 'grSr[kwf ]xdw,f} ]odw,f} vdkY ½Iyg/ 'Dvkd ½IwJhtcg bmodvmrvJqkd&if ½kyfw&m;? emrf w&m;uk d od v mr,f / ½k y f e mrf o d w m bmw&m; vJqkdawmh 0dyóemw&m;? ]xd} qkdwmu ½kyfw&m;? ]xd} wmukd ]od} aewm u emrfw&m;? 'Dawmh½kyfemrfw&m; ESpfyg; ay:rvmbl;vm;/ ½kyfemrfESpfyg;ay:vmw,f/ tJ'D ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;ESpfyg; ay:ay:vmNyD;

&S i f Ó P(zsmyH k ) aysmufaysmuf oGm;wmav;ukdvnf; od&r,f/ tJ ' D v k d ajcwpf v S r f ; wd k i f ; xd w m uav;uk d od w m? aemuf xd w mav;eJ Y od w mav;ysuf o G m ;wm? aysmuf o G m ;wm awG u k d owd u yf N yD ; awmh aemuf u ae ÓPf u vk d u f o d a y;aewm/ 'D a e&mrS m 0dyóemÓPf ygoGm;NyD/ avQmuf&if; vSrf; &if; xdwm odwm ysuo f mG ; wmukd owduyfNy;D aemufuae ÓPfev YJ u dk o f ad ewm/ 'g 0dyóem ynm/ tJ ' D 0d y óemynmÓPf aMumih f tvSLudpöoGm;vmaqmif&Guf&if; 0dyóem ÓPfygwJh tvSLU'g,um? tvSLU'g,umr jzpf o G m ;MuwmyJ / 'gayr,hf tckajymwm ajcwpfvSrf; &JUoabmukd cyfBuJBuJ½Ienf;yJajymwm/ 'Dxuf cyfpyd pf yd f ½I&r,fq&dk if ]xdwm&,f? <uwm &,f? vS r f ; wm&,f ? ajccswm&,f ? xd w m&,f ? odwm&,f...} awGudk tao;pdy½f &I rSm/ tJ'v D dk tao;pdyf½Iawmh ]xd} wmu½kyf? ]od} wmu emrf? 'D½kyfemrfESpfyg; ay:vkduf? aysmufvkduf jzpf a ewm/ aemuf u vk d u f N yD ; od a ewmu ÓPf? 'Dvkd rvGwfwrf;odaeatmif pdwfrSm uyfay;xm;wmu ]owdw&m;} &m;}/ 'Dvkd owduyfay;xm;awmh ]xd} wm av;ay:vmvkduf? ]od} wmav;u aemufu vku d o f v d u dk ?f xdwmav;vnf; aysmufomG ;a&m odwmav;vnf; aysmufomG ;w,f/ xdwmav; u ½kkyf? odwmav;u emrf? ay:vkdufaysmuf vkdufjzpfaewmu tedpö? xdvkdufodvdkuf ay: vkdufaysmufvkduf jzpfaewmukd pdwfrSm owd uyfay;xm;awmh aemufu ÓPfu vkdufod aew,f / tJ ' D v k d vk d u f o d a ewJ h ÓPf [ m 0dyóemÓPf yJ/ tJ ' D 0d y óemÓPf u k d bk & m;u t&Sdeft[kefvdkYa[mw,f/ 'Dawmh t&Sdeft[kef ygwJ h 'D u aeY tvS L &S i f a wG & J U om;&S i f j yKyG J ukodkvfaumif;rI[m edAÁmefjrefjrefa&mufapEkdif ygw,f / ÓPf r ygwJ h wpf e nf ; ajym&&if t&Sdeft[kefrygwJh aumif;rI&SifawGu b0 wpf&mMumNyD;rS edAÁmefa&mufr,fqkd&if 'DuaeY 0dyóem ÓPfynmygwJh tvSLU'g,um? tvSLU 'g,d u mrwd k Y u awmh b0ig;q,f a vmuf e J Y edAÁmefukd a&muf&SdEkdifMurSm jzpfygw,f/ &S i f Ó P(zsmyk H ) rS D j irf ; -tóZmae,sok w f ? &m[k v mtarG a wmif ; cef ; /

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G;? bmomra&G;? avmuom;tm;vkH;twGufjzpfonf/

ckepfveG ;f wif BudK;wpfacsmif;

OykofoDwif;aqmufwnfMu&mwGif tjA[®p&d,m a0&rPd odu©myk'fukd rjrwf aomtusi[ fh o k m odMuonf/ (wpfcsKUd uawmh vkdufíomqkdayr,hf jrefrmjyefukd rodol wdkY &S d a y\)/ rjrwf a omarxk e f t usih f u bmawGvJqkdwm odapzkdY aqmif;yg;wpfyk'f a&;&ef pOf;pm;aerdonfrSm MumcJhygNyD/ ckawmh a&;&ef tcGihfBuKHvmygawmhonf/ tdraf xmifonfwt Ykd wGuf ,ckumv aqmufwnfaeMu yÍöoDvwGif umarokrdpäm pm&m a0&rPdodu©myk'fukd aqmufwnfMu &rnfjzpfygonf/ tdrfaxmifr&Sd vlvGwftzdkY um; þumarokrdpämpm&m a0&rPdodu©m yk'ftpm; tjA[®p&d,m a0&rPdodu©myk'fukd ajymif;vJí aqmufwnfoihfygonf/ tjA[® p&d,m a0&rPdodu©myk'fukd aqmufwnf ygu jA[® p &d , yÍö r uoD v (jA[® p &d , odu©myk'f yg0ifaom ig;yg;oDv) [lívnf; aumif;? aumrm&dumjA[®p&d, yÍöruoDv (tysKdwdkY apmifhxdef;aom ig;yg;oDv) [lí vnf;aumif;? aumrm&jA[®p&d, yÍöruoDv (vlysKw d aYkd pmihx f ed ;f aom ig;yg;oDv) [lívnf; aumif; ac:qkd&rnfjzpfonf/ ("r® 0 D & *sme,f twG J - 18? trS w f - 11) pma&;q&m Nidrf;csrf;OD;a&;cJhonhf aqmif;yg;jzpfygonf/ avmuom;wdkY aumif; pm;a&;twGuf &nf&G,fa&;om;cJh[efwl\/ vlysKd? tysKdawG trSefwu,fapmihfxdef;r,f qkdvQifjzihf aumif;jrwfaomtusihfwpf&yf jzpfayrnf/ tdraf xmif&o dS w l v Ykd nf; &Spyf g;oDv aqmufwnf&mwGif yg0ifaomaMumihf arxkef tusihftaMumif;ukd trsm;odap&ef a&;vkduf csif\/ Ak'¨bmom0iftrsm;pkonf rd½kd;zvm

Ak'¨bmom0ifrsm;om jzpfaeaomaMumihfvnf; aumif;? ]"r®0D&onf ukd,fusihfoDvESihf pm&dwå jrihfrm;ap&ef} [laom aqmifyk'fESihfnDap&ef twGufvnf;aumif; BuKd;pm;í a&;om;vkduf ygonf/ tjA[®p&d, (arxkef)tusihfudkom vlysKd? tysKdawG apmihfxdef;Mur,fqkdvQifjzihf o½kyfysuf avmfvD azmufjym;rIawG uif;a0; Ekdifrnfjzpfonf/ arxkeftusihfqkdvQif vifESihf r,m; ESpOf ;D om;wd\ Yk umr*kPcf pH m;rI[í l om odMuayrnf/ xkdtjrifonf rSm;,Gif;aeonf awmh r[kwfay/ usOf;ajrmif;aomtjrifwpfck omjzpf\/ tjrifusOf;olonf avmuDavm ukwf ESpfrsKd;pvkH;\ atmifjrifrIvrf;aMumif;ukd ydwfap\/ ajrjyifrSm&SdwJh csKdihfcGuf (acsmuf) wpfckukd ajrzdkYvkdufvQif ajrrsufESmjyifnDNyD; vSr;f vdo Yk mG ;vdYk tqifajyoGm;Ekid \ f / ajrjyifnrD mS ajryk H v k d u f v Qif a wmh vrf ; oG m ;vrf ; vmwd k Y twGuf cvkwf wkdufp&mrsm; jzpfoGm;Ekdifonf/ xkt d cg ajrykH awGudk z,f&mS ;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/ arxk e f tusih f [ l o nf t&d , mvrf ; uk d avQmufvrS ;f olwt Ykd wGuf cvkwq f ;l ajimihrf sm; jzpfonf/ avmuBuD;onf olYtwkdif;aevQif ajrjyifnD uJo h jYkd zpf\/ owå0gwdyYk v Hk u dk w f hJ ajrykH (arxk e f tusih f ) wd k Y a Mumih f cvk w f w d k u f *Rrf;jyefp&mjzpf ukef\/ xkdcvkwfwHoif;wdkYukd rjzpf a y:atmif b,f v k d a pmif h x d e f ; &rvJ ? bmawGvJqkdwm odapcsifygonf/ vGefcJhaomESpfaygif;rsm;pGmu pma&; olt&SifwkdY\ a'owGif bkd;awmf[k trsm; wifpm;onhf &[ef;wpfyg; ay:aygufcJh\/ xkd&[ef;onf t½l;wpfa,mufvkd vrf;ovm;

pd w å ' D y (a&T a wmif O D ; )

\/ ouFef;z½kdz&JESihf vrf;wumavQmufoGm; ae\/ bk&m;\om;awmfwpfyg;toGifr&SdcJh/ xko d aYkd exkid [ f ef&o dS u l ydk if bçbk&m;? bke;f çbk&m; ESifh uk;d uG,o f nho f l 0kid ;f 0kid ;f vnfco hJ nf/ trSm; tusihfukd usihfaerSef;rodbJ bk&m;&Sif\tqkH; tr tjyifbufrS yk*K¾ v d rf sK;d ukd uk;d uG,af eaom Ak'¨bmom0ifwdkYukd oem;vkdufygbd/ bkd;awmfqkdol &[ef;BuD;a&csKd;aom tcg a&TaiGjynfhpkHpGm 0wfqifxm;aom rdef;r BuD;? rdef;ri,fwdkYu a&csKd;ay;ol? acs;wGef;ay; ol? tusKdtMum;rusefatmif qyfjymwdkufay; olwdkYuvnf; xkeJYa';ygyJ[k tzkd;tzGm;wdkYu rsufjrifukd,fawGU jrifcJhwmudk ajymjycJhaom aMumihf odcJh&\/ a&csKd;&mü qefYusifbufwdkY \ yGwfwdkufay;jcif;? tjcm;ae&mü ajcqkyf vuf e ,f j yKay;jcif ; uk d om,maejcif ; onf arxkefudpöwpfrsKd;[k bk&m;&Sif a[mawmfrlcJh \/ tjA[®p&d,modu©myk'fukd aqmuf wnfNy;D tESyd cf ef;0ifo?l um&mtkad ucef;0ifo?l EkdufuvyfwufolwdkYonf odu©myk'fukd vkHNcKHyg &JUvm;[k pOf;pm;oihfayonf/ Oykofaqmuf wnf N yD ; td r f o l o uf x m;\ jyKpk , k , rI u k d cH,lolwdkYvnf; qifjcifzG,fjzpfawmhonf/ xkdtcsufonf yxrqkH;aom arxkefqufqH jcif; odu©myk'fjzpf\/ yGwfwkdufay;jcif;? ajcqkyfvufe,f jyKay;jcif;wdkYukd a&SmifMuOfEkdifw,fqkdumrQjzihf tjA[® p &d , tusih f u d k usih f o k H ; aew,f [ k rqkdEkdifao;yg/ ,aeYacwfwGif "gwful;onf? "gwf q uf o nf q k d a ompum;wd k Y o nf v nf ; wGifus,fpGm tokH;jyKaeMuonf/ "gwfawG? ewfawGuvnf; rsKd;pkHvSayonf/ vuf0g;csif; xyf &ifcsi;f uyfum "gwfu;l aeMuonfrmS vnf; t&yfwumrSm enf;rsm;pGmjzihf qGJaqmifaeMu ygonf/ a,musfm;qkdvQif rdef;r? rdef;rqkdvQif a,musfm;wdkYjzihf NyKH;um&,fum wdkYumqdwf um jyKrlaexkdifjcif;onfvnf; arxkefqufqH jcif;wpfrsK;d (arxkeif ,f)yifjzpfonf/ vGecf ahJ om 5 ESpf 6 ESpfcefYu acgiftkyfpk0if bkd;awmfqkdol \ arG;&yfajrwGif jzpf&yfwpfck jzpfyGm;cJh\/ olYukd,fol bkd;awmf[kajymolwpfOD;aMumihf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ xkdudpöjzpfcJh&onf/ bkd;awmfqkdol vma&mufaexkdif&m t&yfwGif wJwpfvkH;xkd;NyD; vma&mufolawGukd w&m;xk d i f c d k i f ; onf / xk d i f & mwG i f apmif u k d acgif;NrD;NcKHNyD; xkdifapum ¤if;u rdef;ri,fav; awGukd wdkYumqdwfumjzihf orm"dprf;oyfcJh onf/ rMumrDyif wpfq,fhajcmufESpft&G,f rdef;uav;wpfa,muf ukd,f0ef&um bkd;awmf vnf; rjiif;EkdifbJ tdrfaxmifusumjzihf ,aeY qkv d Qif om;orD;ESpaf ,mufjzihf b0ukd ½ke;f uef ae&awmhonf/ tjA[®p&d,odu©myk'fukd apmifhxdef; rnfh vlysKv d t l ?dk tysKv d t l w dk o Ykd nf qefu Y sib f uf wdkYjzihf NyKH;um&,fum wdkYumqdwfumwdkYtay: om,mjcif;r&SdrSom r&SdatmifaeEkdifrSom oDvukd apmihfxdef;EkdifNyD; jrwfaomtusihfukd usihfolrnfay\/ ]rsufvkH;csif; pum;ajymaeonf}? ]tcspfrSm rsufpdr&Sd}? ]tMunfhcsif;qkHawmh &ifckefarm&}? ]cspfjcif;tp rsufvkH;u} paom pum;wdkYonf vlYtokdif;t0kdif;wGif tvGef acwfpm;ae\/ tMunhfwpfcsufjzihf &mZ0if vm rif;wpfyg; ½l;zl;\/ vli,fwdkY obm0wGif vnf; rsufESmcsif;qkdif Munhfae&ygu t&m&m ukd arhavsmah eMuygonf/ xko d aYdk om tMunhrf S yif yyÍöw&m;wdkY wdk;yGm;Ekdifayonf/ wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; jrifawGUumrQjzihfyif wPSmavmbwdo Yk nf tawmrowfEidk af tmif qkd;&Gm;pGm jzpfay:apawmhonf/ EkdifiH&yfjcm; wdkif;jynfrsm;uawmh umrwPSmpdwfx<u atmif MunhfEkdifolrsm;ukd n§KdUtm;aumif;onf [k qkd\/ n§KdUtm;taumif;qkH;qkdNyD; qkrsm;yif ay;vkdufMuao;onf/ wPSm&m*pdwfaMumifh uHç ur®b0awG &&SdNyD; oHo&mrSm vGihfarsm oGm;wwfonfukd rodbJ t0dZÆmtarSmifzkH; aeMuawmhonf/ qef Y u sif b uf w d k Y rsuf v k H ; csif ; qk H om,maompdwfwdkY jzpfay:vmjcif;onfvnf; wPSmavmbukd jzpfay:apaomaMumihf rjrwf aomtusihfwpfckom jzpfayonf/ toHMum;umrQjzihf oem;csifp&m? cspfcifp&m? rkef;p&mwdkY jzpfukef\/ ,aeYacwf tifwmeufqkdonhf rD'D,mqufoG,fa&;pepf rS qufo, G af y;rIaMumihf urÇmt h aemufjcrf;ESifh ta&SUjcrf;rS vli,f? vl&G,fonf oHa,mZOf trQif w ef ; uk e f a wmh o nf / toH a Mumif h zm;ao[laom pum;twkdif; toH Mum;umrQ jzihf arm[tarSmifwu dk af Mumihf aomursm;um

ork',BuKd;awG oG,fwef;ukef awmhonf/ xkdork',aMumihf 'ku©qif;&Jqkdwm BuD;ukd cHpm;&ayOD;rnf/ bk&m;vufxufu omraPwpfyg; onf psmef&yk*¾KdvfwpfOD;jzpf\/ xdkpsmefjzihf pdrf;jymjymaumif;uifü psmefupm;aeckdufrSm ajrjyifrS rdef;rysKdwpfa,muf\ pGJrufp&m oDcsif;oHaMumihf avmbwPSmpdwf0ifoGm;NyD; psmefavsmum ajrjyifodkY jyKwfuscJhzl;onf/ Mum;odvmwJhtoHawGukd Mum;umrQavmufyJ ES v k H ; roG i f ; bJ E S i h f Mum;onh f p d w f a emuf r S m udavomtrQifwef;oGm;ygu trSm;trSef rjrifEidk af wmhay/ Mum;wmu ½k y f ? Mum;w,f v d k Y od r S w f v k d u f w mu emrf ? ½k y f e mrf E S p f y g; olYtvkyfukd vkyfaqmifaewmukd olyJ igyJ ouúm,tpGJaMumihf tjA[®p&d,m odu©m yk ' f u k d csKd ; azmuf a wmh \ / ajcqkyfvufe,fjyKpk ,k,ay;rnhf olr&Sd? NyKH;um&,fum ajymrnfholr&Sd? rsufESm csif;qkdif Munhf½IzkdYvnf; tcGihfrom? om,m zG,f wGwfwDw G w f w m ajymcG i h f v nf ; r&S d w J h ae&muawmh &dyfomrsm;omjzpfonf/ txuf yg av;csufr&Sdawmh apmihfxdef;&rnhfusihf0wf wdkY NrJzG,f&Sdonf[k trsm;u jrifMuayrnf/ tjA[®p&d,modu©myk'frSm arxkefi,f ckepfrsKd; &Sd\/ av;rsKd;ukd xdef;p&mrvdkavmufatmif ukd,hfw&m;ESihfukd,f NidrfoufpGmaexkdifMuonfh w&m;&dyfNidrf at;t&dyfrSm ae&aomfvnf; tpkd;r&onhf xkd;ESufwJh qkd;pdwf&,faMumihf wpfcsdefrSm armifESHtpkH aysmfcJhzl;wm awG;jrif Muao;onf/ &dyfomwGifr[kwfyJ tjyifavmu&Sd yk*¾KdvfwdkYuvnf; rdrdwdkY&JUcspfoleJY aysmf&TifpGm avQmuf v nf c J h y k H a wG ? pm;aomuf & mwG i f *½kwpkdufjyKpkcJhykHawGukd ntdyf&m0ifcsdefawGrSm wa&;a&;jrifa,mifum wrf;waerdwwf\/ cspf o l c if o l ta0;rS m a&muf a e&if v nf ; ]rif;r&Sdawmh rif;eJYawGUqkHcJhwJht&mav;awGukd owd&&if; vGr;f aerdw,fv}Ykd zke;f qufNy;D ajymrd Muayrnf } / ]tbG m ;qk H ; cJ h w m MumNyD j zpf w J h tbk d ; BuD ; wpf a ,muf u k d ar;Munh f v k d u f y g? tbGm;ukdvGrf;vm;vdkY ar;Munhfvkdufyg} ]om;orD;awGjyKpkwmu tbGm;BuD; avmuf MuifemrIr&Sdawmh vGrf;rdwmayhg} vdkY ajzMum;rnfholu wpf&mrSm ukd;q,f&mckdifEIef; awmh & S d a yrnf / oD v raqmuf w nf c if u MuifMuifememaechJwmawGukd wa&;a&;jrifNyD;

MunfEl;aewwfwmawGuvnf; tjA[®p&d, odu©myk'frSm yg0ifwJh arxkefi,fwpfrsKd;om jzpfonf/ vlvGwform;awG aqmufwnfEkdif r,fqkdvQifjzihf t&d,mjzpfzkdY &mEIef;awmfawmf rsm;rsm; eD;pyfaeNyD[k pma&;olxifrdonf/ pdwftnpftaMu; pifMu,faeíjzpfonf/ vlysKd tysKdwdkYonf vli,fwdkYobm0 uk, d x fh ufyNkd y;D awmh 0wfpm;qif,ifrx I ;l jcm;ol? uk, d x hf ufyNdk y;D ok;H Ekid jf zKe;f Ekid o f ?l um;ç qkid u f ,f pD;Ekdifol? [dkw,fç rkdw,fwdkYwGif aysmfyGJpm;xGuf Ekid o f ?l Eku d u f vyfrmS tzGUJ 0ifEidk o f l ponfwu Ykd dk tm;uswwf\/ omreftcsdefwGif tm;usESpf oufrIjzpfwm[m bmrQtaMumif;rxl;ay/ tjA[®p&d,modu©myk'fukd aqmufwnfNyD;ygu oDvaygufusm; n§K;d EGr;f Ekid o f jzihf owdjyKqifjcif rS awmfayrnf/ bke;f awmfBu;D ausmif;rSm Oykoo f w D if; aqmufwnfwJh tbkd;? tbGm;? trsKd;om;wdkY onfvnf; ][kdwpfa,muf0wfvmwJh em;uyf qkv d Qif b,favmufwefrmS yJ? wkv Yd nf; 0wfcsif vkdufwm}? ][kdvluawmh Oykofapmihfvmwm awmif um;eJ Y v mwm^qk d i f u ,f e J Y v mwm? wdkYrSmvnf; tJ'gawG&Sd&if odyfaumif;rSmyJ} ponf j zih f wjcm;ol w k d Y \ aexk d i f p m; aomufrI umr*kPfcHpm;rIwdkYukd tm;usae wwf w muvnf ; arxk e f i ,f w pf r sKd ; yif jzpf o nf / wpf c g awm&aqmuf w nf a ewJ h bkef;awmfBuD;wpfyg;xH olaX;trnfcHavmuf atmif csrf;omrIukd ykdifqkdifolyk*¾KdvfwpfOD; a&mufvm\/ xkdolonf &[ef;BuD;&JUawm ausmif;em;a&mufaomtcg ]csrf;omvkdufwm? csr;f omvku d w f m} vdYk a<u;ausmo f u H dk Mum;vku d f &onf/ bkef;BuD;u b,favmufrsm;csrf;om vd k Y a<u;ausmf & wmvJ q k d w m od c sif o jzih f wJtwGi;f udMk unhv f u dk af wmh 0g;Murf;cif;tay: rSm 0g;qpfwdkukd acgif;tkH;jyKvkyfNyD; avsmif;ae wJh bkef;BuD;ukd awGUvkduf&onf/ olaX;BuD;onf OpömaiGaMu;csrf;om aomfvnf; qif;&Jylavmifae&wmygyJ? Opöm ypö n f ; rcsrf ; omayr,h f bk e f ; BuD ; uawmh at;Nidrf;csrf;omjcif;ukd cHpm;Ekdifw,fqkdwm oabmaygufNyD; umr*kPfcsrf;omukdpGefYNyD; 'kv’b&[ef;0wfcJhw,f[k zwfzl;cJh\/ vlwdkY\ csrf ; omrI u k d rES p f o uf b J avmuk w å & m\ at;Nid r f ; csrf ; omjcif ; uk d OD ; wnf a erS o m tjA[® p&d , tusih f u k d aqmuf w nf & m a&muf a yrnf / pmrsuf E S m 13 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/

Ak'¨bmom0ifwdkYtwGuf ewf ,kHMunfrIESihf od r S w f z G , f & mrsm; t&S i f o k p d w å o m&(rk w f u Ref ; &wem) [lrlum;-

avcRef e wf wu,f & S d o vm;/ t&S i f b k & m; ]avcRef e wf } qk d w m wu,f&Sdovm;/ wu,f&Sd&if ewfu bm aMumihf avcRef&wmygvJbk&m; [k rdrdESihf twef&if;ESD;aom trsKd;orD;BuD;wpfa,mufrS A[kokw&vkdí ar;avQmufvmaompum; jzpfygonf/ ]avcRefewf} taMumif;ukd rdrd i,fpOfuyif Mum;zl;cJhygonf/ pma&;olwdkY Zmwd&GmwGifaepOfumv q,fausmfoufb0 t&G,fu jzpfygonf/ &GmrSm tdrfaxmifus aeaom tnma'orS vl w pf a ,muf u tnm&Sd aqGrsK;d rsm;xHoYkd tvnftywfomG ;pOf ]avcRefewf} ar;vmcJhonf[kqkd\/ olar;vm cJyh u Hk dk uufqufjzihf toHzrf;vmcJo h jzihf &GmrSm zGihfí em;axmifaeMuonfukd rdrd Mum;cJh&zl; ygonf/ ar;aomolu olov d adk omtcsuu f dk ar;aomtcg ewfu avcRefoHESihfwlaom toHjzihf jyefajymygonf/ ]&TD &TD &TD} [laom toHonf iSufuav;wpfaumif atmfoHESihf tvGefwlvSonf/ odkYaomf xkdtcgu rdrdrSm uav;omomrQt&G,fjzpfí avcRefewfESihf ywfoufí pdwf0ifpm;jcif;r&SdcJhyg/ ,ck rdrd tm; ar;vmaomtcgrS avcRefewftaMumif; ukd tenf;i,f avhvmrdygawmhonf/ pm½Iol wdkYtm; A[kokwtaejzihf od&SdEkdif&ef azmfjy ay;ygrnf / avcRef e wf E S i h f ywf o uf a om

taMumif;ukd pG,fpkHausmfxifusrf;wGif awGU& ygonf/ pG,fpkHausmfxifusrf;rSm ]usnf;uef&Sif BuD;} \ tar;ykpäm wpfaxmifausmfukd a&T awmifNrKUd ]us;D oJav;xyf q&mawmfb&k m;Bu;D } rS jyefvnfajz&Sif; ajzMum;awmfrlaom usrf; pmtkyfjzpfNyD; pmrsufESm (769) rsufESm&Sdí xkç ESpfvufrcefY txl&Sdygonf/ usnf ; uef & S i f B uD ; \ tar;yk p ä m eHygwf (460) wGif ]]vlwdkYynwf avcRef ewf? onfewf b,fbHkoGif;rnf enf;}} [k ar;xm;onf/ t"dyÜg,frSm vlwdkYu ]avcRefewf} [k ac:qkdavh&Sdaom ewfonf (1) pwkr[m&mZf? (2) wm0wd Hom? (3) ,mrm? (4) wkodwm? (5) edr®me&wd? (6) y&edr®dw 0o0wD tp&Sd aom ewfjynfajcmufxyf (ajcmufxyf)wGif b,f b k H ü oG i f ; &rnf e nf ; [k ar;xm;jcif ; jzpfonf/ xkdykpäm\tajzukd usD;oJav;xyf q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u þuJhodkY ajzMum;awmf rlxm;avonf/ avcRef e wf o nf ewf N yd w å m rsKd ; avcRef e wf o nf ewf N yd w å m rsKd ; jzpf í pum;aumif ; pG m rqk d E k d i f / avcRef ouJhodkY toHi,fom xGufonf/ xkdewfrsKd; ukd tedrfhqkH;jzpfaom ]pwkr[m&mZf} bkHü om oG i f ; &rnf / tb,fygXfuadk xmufí oGi;f oenf;

]]XaywG m ed Z ÑmrwPS d u m'd a y aw ae&,d u oawå p oaAÁ 0d e d y gwd u m yd o mp ,u© a '0gp ,r&mZm'a,m a0rmed u mp pwk r [m&mZd a uok o*F [ H *wm}} [laom #Dumwdu Yk adk xmufí oGi;f onf [lay\/ edZÑmr wPSdum'dayaw- edZÑmr wPSu d tp&Sad om Nyw d må rsK;d wdu Yk v kd nf;aumif;? ae&,d u oawå p - i&J o wå 0 gwd k Y u d k v nf ; aumif;? XaywGm- xm;í/ oaAÁ- tvkH;pkHukef aom? 0dedygwdump- 0dedygwdu trnf&ukef aom ewfNydwåmwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? ydomp - ajrzk w f bD v l ; wd k Y o nf v nf ; aumif ; ? ,u©a'0gp- bkrp® ;dk ç ½kup© ;dk paom ewfwo Ykd nf vnf;aumif;? ,r&mZm 'a,m- ,rrif; tp &Sdukefaom? a0rmedump- a0rmeduewfwdkY onf v nf ; aumif ; ? pwk r [m &mZd a uok pwkr[m&mZfewfrsKd;wdkYü? o*F[H- a&wGuf tyfaomtjzpfodkY? *wm- a&mufukef\/ t"dyÜg,frSm edZÑmrwPSduNydwåmrsKd; ESihf i&Jom;wdkYrS <uif;ukefaom 0dedygwdu ewfNydwåm? ajrzkwfbDvl;? bkr®pkd;ewf (ajrü aeaomewf)? ½ku©pkd;ewf (opfyifüaeaom ewf) wdEYk iS fh ,rrif; (i&Jrif;) paom a0rmedu ewf (tol&um,fewf)wdkYonf pwkr[m&mZf ewfbkHodkY oGif;&rnf[k qkdvkdonf/ wpfquf wnf;ü ewfNydwåmESihf tol&um,fewfwkdY\ uGmjcm;csufudkvnf; þodkY azmfjyxm;onf/ tMuifolonf vlYb0ü ckd;0Sufjcif;? owfjzwfjcif;? vk,ufESdyfpufjcif;jzihf &tyf aom ypönf;Opömjzihf pGefYBuJay;urf;jcif;'geukd jyK\/ ig;yg;aomedpöoDvwdkYwGif okH;yg;udk aomfvnf;aumif;? av;yg;ukad omfvnf;aumif;? aumif;pGmaqmufwnfí wpfyg;? ESpfyg;ukd usL;vGefojzihf usihf\/ EIwfjzihf &wemokH;yg; ukd ukd;uG,fqnf;uyfí ukd,fç pdwfwdkYjzihfrl rñTwfjcif;ukdjyK\/ xkdodkY jyKtyfaomuHonf ukodkvfESihf tukodkvfESpfyg;pvkH; a&m,Suf aomaMumihf ]rdóuuH} rnf\/ xku d u H tusK;d ay;aomtcg tukodkvfuHonf tu,fí

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/ a&SUaqmifum tusK;d ay;onfjzpft-hH tyg,fbHk 0ifjzpfaom ]]tol&um,f Nydwåm}} jzpf&\/ ukodkvfuHonf a&SUaqmifum tusKd;ay;onf jzpftHh- ewfrsKd;ü tusKH;0ifaom ]]a0rmedu Nydwåm}} jzpf&\/ tol&um,f NydwåmrSm 'k*¾wdt[dwf jzpfí ruRwfxkduf? ewfNydwåmwdkYrSm tcsKdUum; ok*wdt[dwf? tcsKdUum; 'Gd[dwf? tcsKdUum; wd [ d w f j zpf í uRwf x k d u f \ / þonf o m xl;jcm;í tqif;oEÅmefEiS fh pnf;pdrcf sr;f omjcif; wdkYum; twlwl[k rSwf&rnf/ þodkY usrf;vm &Sdonfukd axmufí avcRefewfonf 0dedygwd u tol&m ac: a0rmedu NydwåmrsKd;jzpfojzihf pwkr[m&mZfewfbkHü 0ifonf[k od&rnf jzpfayonf/ rSwfcsuf/ / ewf j zpf y gvsuf tb,fah Mumihf Nyw d må [k ac:&ygoenf;qkad omf ukodkvfESihf tukodkvfwdkY wpfvSnfhpD tusKd;ay; wwfaomaMumihf aumif;uifbüHk ewfArd mefEiS fh ae&aom ewftppfwdkYuJhodkY wefckd; £'¨dyg'f vnf; rBuD;Mu? csrf;omudkvnf; tNrJrcHpm;&? aumif;usKd;ESihfqkd;usKd; ESpfrsKd;pvkH; cHpm;&avh &SdaomaMumihf ac:qkd&jcif;jzpfonf/ wefckd; £'¨dyg'f tenf;i,f&Sdí ewfpm&if;oGif;&aomf vnf; NydwåmrsKd;EG,fjzpfojzihf ewftppf[k rrSwftyf ]ewftwk} [kom rSwf&rnf/ txufyg taMumif;t&mrsm;onf avcRefewfESihfywfoufí ]usnf;uH&SifBuD;} \ tar;yk p ä m tm; ]usD ; oJ a v;xyf q &mawmf bk&m;BuD;rS} ajzMum;&Sif;vif;csufyifjzpfonf/ xkdtcsufukd Munhfjcif;tm;jzihf jrefrmvlrsKd;wkdY onf a&S;ESpaf ygif;rsm;pGmuyif ]avcReef wf} ukd od&SdcJh ,kHMunfcJhMuaMumif;ukd awGU&rnfjzpf onf/ pifppftm;jzihf avcRefewfonf wu,f avcRefjcif;r[kwfbJ pum;rajymEkdifí ]&TD} [laom toHukdom xGufEkdifojzihf avcRefoH ESiw fh í l ]avcReef wf} [k trnfemray;xm;jcif; jzpfayonf/ avcRefewfESihf ywfoufí rdrd Mum;zl;cJhonfrSm xkdewfukd ,kHMunfolwdkYu ewf0ifonf (ewfuawmf)\ tultnDjzihf avcRef e wf u k d yif h z d w f í rd r d o d v d k a om taMumif ; t&mrsm;uk d aA'if a r;ouJ h o d k Y ar;avh&SdMuaMumif; Mum;zl;ygonf/ ukd,fwkdif rsufjrifawmh wpfcgrQ rBuKHbl;cJhygacs/ (rSwf csuf/ / ewf,kHMunfolrsm;ukd taMumif;jyKí vdrfnmpm;olrsm; &Sdwwfonfukd owdjyKyg/) ewf u k d ; uG , f o l w d k Y owd x m;p&m jref r mvl r sKd ; trsm;pk o nf v nf ;

ewfukd ,kHMunfjcif;ESihftwl ylaZmfyorIrsm; jyKum rdrdwdkY\ avmuDudpörsm;wGif tm;ukd; tm;xm; trDo S [JjyKvmcJMh uonfh tpOftvm rsm; &Sdayonf/ ewfwdkYonf vlwdkYtm; ulnD apmihfa&SmufrIrsm; ay;EkdifaMumif; bk&m;a[m &SdcJhonfudk taMumif;jyKí yd#uwfusrf;awmf vm ewfa'0wmrsm;omru ½kd;&mewfrsm; jzpfaom ]]tjyifo;Hk q,fch ek pfrif;}} ewfrsm;udyk g rd½kd;zvm ,kHMunfrIt& ylaZmfyo aeMuonf ukdvnf; awGU&ayonf/ xkd ]tjyifoHk;q,hf ckepfrif;} ponhf ½kd;&mewfrsm;rSmvnf; ewfwdkY \ tBuD ; trS L ;jzpf a om od M um;rif ; rS v G J í usefaomewftm;vkH;rSm ]ewfNydwåm} rsm;yif jzpfonf/ tcsKdUaomolrsm;rSm Ak'¨bmom0if jzpfygvsuf ewfukd tvGeftrif; ,kHMunftm; ukd;vGef;ojzihf txGwftjrwfxm;tyfaom bk & m;xuf y if yk d í tav;xm;aeonf u k d awGU&jyefonf/ ]]bk&m;çum; atmuf? arsmufç um; txuf}} qkdouJhodkY bk&m;xuf ewfukd ykdí t½kdtaoay;um ylaZmfyoaeMuonf/ bk&m;ausmif;aqmifukd jzpfuwwfqef;xm;í ewfeef;ukdrl a&Ta&mifwzdwfzdwfjzihf wpfcrf; wpfem; jyKvyk x f m;onfrmS Ak'b ¨ mom0ifwt Ykd zkYd rnforYkd Q tjrifravQmaf omudp?ö rjzpfoihaf om udpö jzpfayonf/ txl;ojzihf tukodkvfuH tusKd;ay;aMumihf ewfNydwåm jzpfaeygvsuf vl w d k Y u rqif r jcif &wemok H ; yg;ES i h f r jcm; wef;wlxm;í &Sdckd;ylaZmfaeMujcif;? yço aeMu jcif ; rS m Ak ' ¨ b mom0if w d Y k t zk d Y o&P*k H n§Kd;EGrf;zG,ftrI yifjzpfygonf/ Ak'¨bmom0ifjzpfvmolwpfa,muf owdjyK&rnhftcsufrSm ]o&P*kH} rysufap&ef tvGefta&;BuD;ygonf/ ]o&P*kH} onf Ak'¨ bmom0ifwdkY\ ]touf} jzpfygonf/ o&P*kH ysufoGm;vQif Ak'¨bmom0iftjzpfrS avQmus oGm;rnfjzpfonf/ Ak'¨bmom0ifppfppf rjzpf Ekdifawmhay/ tb,faMumihfqkdaomf bk&m;? w&m;? oHCm[laom &wemok;H yg;xuf tjcm; aom yk*K¾ v d rf sm;ukd o'¨gw&m;vGeu f pJ mG uk;d uG,f ylaZmfyojcif;jyKrdygu bk&m;rSwpfyg; ukd;uG,f &mr&Sd? w&m;rSwpfyg; ukd;uG,f&mr&Sd? oHCm rSwpfyg; ukd;uG,f&mr&Sd [laom cH,lcsuf (,kHMunfcsuf) ysufpD;oGm;NyDjzpfojzihf xkdyk*¾Kdvf tm; ]o&PH*kH} ysufpD;oGm;NyD[k owfrSwf& awmhrnfjzpfayonf/ ]o&P*kH} ysufpD;oGm; vQif wefzkd;rjzwfEkdifaom o&P*kH\ tusKd; tmedoifrsm; qkH;½IH;oGm;&ouJhodkY omoem

awmfukd rSDí &tyfrnhf tusKd;aus;Zl;rsm;yg qk;H ½I;H oGm;NyjD zpfojzihf Ak'b ¨ mom0ifwpfa,muf taejzihf tvGefepfemoGm;vdrfhrnfjzpfonf/ pifppftm;jzihf ewfudk ylaZmfyojcif; onf ,ck wpfb0twGuf tenf;i,fom taxmuftuljzpfaumif;jzpfEkdifygvdrfhrnf/ &wemokH;yg;ukd qnf;uyfukd;uG,f ylaZmfjcif; rl u m; ,ck b 0twG u f o mru aemif b 0 tqufqufwdkifatmif aumif;usKd;csrf;omukd jzpfapEkdifojzihf ]t"duESihf omrn} ukd cJGjcm; em;vnfoabmaygufzkdY vdkygonf/ ]]o'¨gu rsm;? ÓPf u yg;? trS m ;Munf n Kd w wf } } [laom ynm&SdwdkY tqkdtrdefYt& o'¨gw&m; tm;aumif;aomfvnf; aumif;raumif;? oihf roihfukd trSeftwdkif; odjrifokH;oyfEkdifaom ÓPfenf;yg;vQif trSm;jzpfwwfonfukd owd jyK&rnf j zpf o nf / xk d Y a Mumif h ewf u k d ; uG , f ,kHMunfrIonf &wemokH;yg;xuf vGefuJroGm; rdatmif owdjyK&rnfjzpfygaMumif; pm½Iol taygif;wdt Yk m; arwåma&SUxm;í a&;om;vdu k f &ayawmhownf;/ t&S i f o k p d w å o m&(rk w f u Ref ; &wem) usrf ; ud k ; -pG , f p H k a usmf x if u srf ; (8) ykxkemem y&dVma[[d y&d!,SEÅDwd ykxkZÆem/ ykxk- txl;xl;aom ylavmifwwfaom udavomwdkYonf (avmiftyfaom)? Ze- owå0g/ xdkYaMumihf ykxkZOfrnf\/ (9) yk x k y Íö o k u mr*k a Pok & wå m *d ' ¨ g *"d w m yk p ä d w m taZÑmoEé m v*¾ g v*¾ d w m yvd A k ' ¨ g wd yk x k Z Æ e m/ ykx-k rsm;pGmaom umr*kPfwdkYü (wyfruf uyfNid awGa0oufa&muf NiduyfzGJU,Suf vHk;axG;wwf aom)? Ze- owå0g/ xdkYaMumihf ykxkZOfrnf\/ (10)yk x k y Íö [ d eD 0 &aP[d tm0k w m ed ½ k w m? Moyk & m yd [ d w m y#d p ä E é m y#d u k Z Æ d w mwd yk x k Z Æ e m/ yk x k rsm;pG m aom ig;yg;aom eD0&w&m;wdo Yk nf (wm;jrpftyf? ydwq f t Ykd yf? zH;k vTr;f tyf? zH k ; tk y f x m;tyf a om)? Ze- owå 0 g/ xd k Y a Mumih f ykxkZOfrnf\/ (11)yk x k e H 0 g *Pe yxrwD w meH t&d , "r® y&r® K cgeH ? eD p "r® ormpm&meH ZmemeH taEÅ m *"wå m yd yk x k Z Æ e m/ ykx-k a&wGufírqHk;Edkifatmif rsm;vSukef aom t&d , mwd k Y \ w&m;ud k rsuf E S m vT J u k e f a om? ,kwrf maomtusi&fh adS om owå0gwdüYk (tusKH ;0ifaom)? Ze- owå0g/ xdkYaMumihf ykxkZOfrnf\/ (12)yk x k 0 g 0d o H k a ,0 ocsø * awm 0d o H o a|m oD v ok w m'd ? *kP,kawå[d t&da,[d Zae [Dwd0g ykxkZÆem/ oDv okwtp&Sdaom *kPfwdkYESihf ,SOfukef

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

wdkYjrefajy anmifa&oGef;csdefrdkY ,k 0 wD a &T 0 gpd e f (jrefrmhtoH rSwfzG,frSwf&m okw tjzmjzmtcef ; wG i f 23.5.94 aeY nae 5em&DESihf 24.5.94 aeY 12 em&D 45 rdepfwGif a[majymcsufudk uG,fvGefolq&mrBuD;tm; *kPfjyKtrSwf&aomtm;jzihf jyefvnfwifjy ygonf) Bud K if r mvm axG a xG v ef ; ygwJ h Ä Nrd K if o m,m ajrmif a bG p G e f ; rS m v td k & S i f anmif a &oG e f ; ygvd k Y OD ; wif u m Ä uqk e f q ef ; ,kefprf; ykPÖrDESihf wl p H k n D 0d o mxG e f ; w,f u G , f vG r f ; zG , f h t mum.../ Ä ½d k u f a nmif ; jyef Y ebH w G i f ; rS m jzih f wd k u f a rmif ; oH t0S e f j yif ; ygvd k Y wif ; vd k u f y gwJ h tol & m 0wd H o mud k j zih f ajr§ m f u mawG ; Ä onf c sd e f c g jynfjrefrmomapaMumif; &,f v d k Y qk a wmif ; um anmif a &oG e f ; &w,f tk d & S i f Nid r f ; csrf ; zd k Y a v;/ qdkwJhuAsmav;vdkygyJ uqkefvqef; Nyq D &kd ifyJ uqkev f &JU 0daoorsm;udk jrifawGUEkid f ygw,f/ pef;qdkwJh pef;aomfwm 'grSr[kwf aiGaomfwm vrif;BuD;&JUtyg;rSm ykPÖm;wm&m eJY 0domcgMu,fwdkY ,SOfNydKifxGef;vif;vdkY tmum wpfcGifvHk;[mjzihf ½IrqHk;Ekdifatmif om,mrI taygif;eJY jynhfpHkvSygayw,f/ xuf e bH w G i f ; rS m vnf ; w*sKd ; *sKd ; w*sdrf;*sdrf;eJY rdk;Ncdrf;oHay;aejyefawmh tol&m ewfrif;[m odMum;rif;pH&m wm0wd Homudk arQmfMunhfNyD; ppfarmif;oHay;aejyefNyDaum&,f vd k Y ajymprS w f j yKaeMuwJ h tcsd e f v nf ; jzpfygw,f/ onfcsdef onfcgrSm uRefrwdkY&JU jref r mjynf B uD ; [mjzih f om,mrI t aygif ; eJ Y jynhfpHkum Nidrf;csrf; ygapaMumif; qE´rGefeJY anmif a &oG e f ; avmif ; NyD ; qk a wmif ; Mu&ygY r,f&Sif../ uqkefvrSm anmifa&oGef;Muw,f qdkwmuvnf; 0daoowpfyg;tygt0ifjzpfo vdyk gyJ? &moDq,fEh pS v f rSm &wkajcmufyg; &,fvYkd

&Sdygw,f/ waygif;vjynhfausmf wpf&ufaeYrS uqkev f jynhw f ikd af tmifEpS v f twdik ;f twmudk *drEÅ&wk? uqkefvjynhfausmf wpf&ufrS 0gqdk vjynhw f ikd af tmif edEm´ EÅ&wk 0gqdv k jynhaf usmf wpf&ufrS awmfovif; vjynhfwdkifatmif 0oEÅ&wk? awmfovif; vjynhaf usmw f pf&ufrS wefaqmifrkef;vjynhf wdkifatmif o&'&wk wef a qmif r k e f ; vjynh f ausmf wpf & uf r S wpfaygif;vjynhw f ikd af tmif odo&d &wk&,fvYkd ac:qdkMuygw,f&Sif.../ onf * d r EÅ & wk q d k w J h uqk e f v twGif; rSmawmh tvGefw&myljyif;vSygw,f/ ]wefcl; a&ukefuqkefa&crf;} qdkovdkygyJ opfyifawG[mvnf; a&crf;vdYk aoGUajcmufwhJ o@efawG ay:vGifaejyefw,f? 'gaMumihf vnf; anmifa& oGef;avmif;Mujcif;qdkwJh tavhtxjzpfay: vmw,fvYkd qdEk idk yf gw,f/ Ak ' ¨ b momwd k Y trG e f t jrwf x m;MuwJ h aAm"danmifawmf&JU tquftEG,f anmifyif BuD ; rsm;rS m a&oG e f ; avmif ; jcif ; jyKMuwJ h "avhrsm;[m a&S;jrefrm bk&ifrsm;vufxufu pNyD; ay:aygufvmjcif; jzpfygw,f/ avmuAsL[m tif½Hkpmwrf;rSm ]ywåjrm; apwDanmifa&oGef;&m &rnf ; oif ; rif ; w&m; vuf x uf a wmf w G i f uqkefvrSm rdk;r&Gmí tdyfruft& ywåjrm; apwDbk&m;wGif anmifa&oGef;jcif; pD&ifí anmif a &oG e f ; &m rd k ; onf ; pG m &G m onf / onfEpS u f pí ESppf Ofanmifa&oGe;f &onf} vdYk yg&Sdygw,f/ uqkefv&JU 0daoorsm;teuf aAm"d a pwD j rwf u d k a&oG e f ; avmif ; &aom vqf d k w J h t csuf [ m 0d a oowpf y g;tjzpf yg0ifaejyefygw,f/ jrwfAk'¨ESihf qufEG,f vsuf&Sdaom 0daoouawmh 5 csufjzpfyg w,f/'Dtcsurf sm;udk wifjy &r,fq&kd ifawmh(1) a*gwrbk&m;tavmif;awmf jzpfwJh okar"m&Sif&aoh[m 'DyuF&mjrwfpGm bk&m;vufxufawmfrmS wpfO;D wnf;ud, k v f w G f ½kef;NyD; tJ'Db0rSmyJ r*fzdkvfudk 0ifpHEkdifpGrf; &Sdayr,fh a0ae,s owå0grsm;udk iJhn§moem; aomtm;jzih f uRwf w ef ; 0if E k d i f a tmif w&m;a[mazmfñTefjy&ayOD;r,fvdkY pdwftBuH awmf e J Y 'D y uF & mjrwf b k & m;xH a rS m uf r S m rd r d u d k , f u d k wH w m;cif ; NyD ; a*gwrbk & m;

&,f v d k Y jzpf z d k Y ]ed , w} Asm'd w f c H c J h w m [mvnf ; uqk e f v yJ j zpf y gw,f & S i f / (2) uydv0wfjynfudk tpdk;&awmf rl w J h ok a '¨ g 'erif ; BuD ; &J U rd z k & m;acgif B uD ; oD & d r [mrm,ma'0D [ m a'0'[jynf u d k oG m ;vd k p d w f j yif ; xef v G e f ; vd k Y tif M uif ; pH k vkrÁPD&*HktwGif;rSm yifvHk;uRwf yGihfaeMuwJh tifMuif;yef;udk vufvSrf;,l&if;eJY oHk;q,fh ESpfoG,faom tHhzG,fo&JvGefuJvSwJh twdwf edrdwfwdkY xif&Sm;pGmjyMuNyD; vu©Pmawmf BuD;i,feJY jynhfpHkawmfrlwJh tavmif;awmf od ' ¨ w ¬ r if ; om;ud k r[mouú & mZf 68 ck Owk u *d r ® E Å uqk e f v jynh f aomMum aeY r S m yJ zG m ;jrif a wmf r l c J h w m[mvnf ; uqk e f v jynh f y J j zpf y gw,f & S i f / 'DtaMumif;udk v,fwDq&mawmf bk&m;BuD;u ]oaE¨,lum q,fvMumaomf r[mouú & mZf a jcmuf q ,f h & S p f B uH K uqk e f vjynh f aomMumaeY 0 ,f csrf ; ajrUpH k p D vk r Á P D ü r[D v d I u f q l zG m ;awmf r l o nf ewfvlatmifNrdKUvrf;ygudk} vdkY Ak'¨0ifvuFm BuD ; rS m a&;om;zG J U qd k a wmf r l c J h y gw,f / (3) wpfzef Ak'j¨ rwfpmG [m aomw¬, d armifpif trnf&Sd jruf&dwform; vSL'gef;wJh jruf&pS q f yk u f kd BujJ zefaY wmfrv l u kd v f Ykd jzpfay:vm wJh ty&mZdw yv’ifay:rSm xuf0,fzGJUacG aeawmf r l N yD ; ? ]bk & m;rjzpf o rQ igrxNyD } &,f v d k Y BuH K ;0g; awmf r l u m tmemyge pwkw¬psmefudk 0ifpm;vdkY w&m;awmfjrwfudk ½IMunhfqifjcifaecdkuf rm&fewfrif;&JU xdk;ESuf wdkufcdkufjcif;udk yg&rDawmft[kefeJY aer0ifrD atmifjrifNyD; nOfhOD;,HrSm ykaAÁed0goÓPf oef;acgif,rH mS awmh 'dApÁ u©KÓPfu&kd &Syd gonf/ rdk;aomuf,HrSmawmh pMu0Vmwdkufwpfaomif; vH;k wkev f yI af pNy;D y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'frpS í tmemyge pwkwåpsmefudk0ifpm;um 0dyóemÓPfeJY yGm; &mrSm tpOftwdkif;&tyfwJh tmo0u©,ÓPf eJY udavomtaygif;udk axmif;axmif;nuf nufacszsufNyD; opömav;wef aÚ,s"mrfudk a0zef o d j rif r *f a v;wef t pOf t wd k i f ; od w J h oAÁ n KwÓPf & S i f bk & m;pif p pf { uef j zpf wm[mvnf ; r[mouú & mZf 103 ck E S p f uqk e f v jynh f y J j zpf y gw,f & S i f /

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/ (4) oAÁnKwÓPf&Sif bk&m;pifppf jzpfNyD;wJhtcg aomif;xdkufpMu0VmtwGif; uRwfxdkufol a0ae,sowå0grsm;udk edAÁmef aomifoYkd r*¾iaf zmifu;l wdeYk YJ ta&mufyaYkd qmifchJ wmrS m ]aum@n tp ok b 'f t qH k ; } jzpfygw,f/ aeYrtm; nrem; BuKd ;pm;tm;xkwf NyD; w&m;pnfBuD; wD;vdkufwm[m 45 0g ywfvHk;ygyJ/ a0ae,sowå0grsm;&JU tusKd;udk o,f y d k ; cJ h & mrS m vnf ; tH h r cef ; &S d v S y gw,f / aoG ; 0rf ; oG e f w J h a&m*gjzpf a eygvsuf e J Y yg0gjynfrS oH;k *g0kwrf Q a0;wJh ukoEd mé ½Ht k ifMuif; &*Ht k xd <uvmawmfrNl y;D y&deAd mÁ efp0H ifawmhr,fh tcsed yf ikd ;f twGi;f rSmawmif uRwx f u kd o f &l ,fvYkd jrifawmfrlwJh okb'f &[ef;udk w&m;jyawmfrlcJh ygao;w,f / yif y ef ; EG r f ; e,f j cif ; ud k v nf ; trIrxm;ygbl;/ NyD;awmhrS wynhf&[ef;rsm; ESihfwuG vlewfjA[®m owå0grsm;udk ]0,"r®m ocFg&m tyÜrma'e orÜma'x} tvHk;pHkaom ocF g &w&m;wd k Y o nf jzpf N yD ; vQif ysuf p D ; wwfaom oabm&Sdukefonf/ rarhravsmh

MuavES i h f cspf o m;wd k Y } &,f v d k Y rS m Mum; awmfrlNyD;rS eda&m"ormywfudk xyfcgxyfcg 0ifpm;awmfrlygw,f/ uka# 2 oef; 4 odef; ta&twGuef YJ 0ifpm;jcif;Ny;D qH;k vdYk t½kPw f uf a&mifjcnfay:vmwmeJY cE¨mawmfZmwfodrf; csKyfNidrf;awmfrlum y&dedAÁmefpH0ifawmfrlwJh tcsd e f [ mvnf ; uqk e f v jynh f t*F g aeY jzpf y gw,f & S i f / (5) Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwf y&dedAÁmefpH0if awmfrlNyD;wJh aemuf(7) &ufMumoGm;onfxd tavmif;awmfudk pE´ul;eHYomyHkay:wifNyD; rv’ m rif ; wd k Y r D ; ½d I U yl a Zmf M uw,f / jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f & J U om0uBuD ; jzpf w J h t&S i f r [m uóy c&D;vGefaecdkufrdkY a&mufrvmao; ygbl;? rv’mrif;wdkYuvnf; tavmif;awmfudk rD;ul;atmifrwwfEidk Mf uygbl;? &Sirf [muóy <uvmNyD ; Ak ' ¨ j rwf p G m &J U tavmif ; awmf u d k vuf,m&pfvSnhfvnfuefawmhNyD;rS ajcawmfpHk &S d & mrS m &yf v d k u f y gw,f / psmef t bd n mOf 0ifpm;vdYk psmefrS xawmfrNl y;D Ak'&¨ UJ ajcawmftpHk

pmrsuf E S m 9 rS bk&m;&Sdckd;NyD;wkdif;? oDv,lNyD;wkdif;? aumif ; rI u k o k d v f w pf c k c k jyKvk y f N yD ; wk d i f ; qkawmif;wwfwmuawmh ]oHo&mrSm usif vnf&onf&Sdaomf vlcsrf;om? ewfcsrf;omwdkY cHpm;&NyD;vQif tqkH;pGefaomb0rSm uRwfwef; 0if&ygvk\ d } qkw d hJ qkawmif;yifjzpfonf/ yg&rD ajrmufaom &nf&G,fcsufrsm;r&SdcJh/ ork', awG trQifwef;ojzihf qif;&Jjcif;'ku©opömBuD; ukd &&Sdap\/ ewfjynfajcmufxyfrSm wpfqifhNyD; wpfqihf umr*kPfcsrf;omawGukd cHpm;vkdMu \/ xkdbkHawGrSm ewftjzpfESihf pHpm;ae&jcif; onf vl j zpf & jcif ; avmuf tusKd ; r&S d a y/ vlYb0avmuf pGrf;pGrf;wrH BuKd;pm; tm;xkwf cGihfudk &&Sdaomb0r[kwfay/ ukodkvf t&Sdef av;ukdom cHpm;aeMu&onf/ rdrdwdkY&JU oDv uk o k d v f ? 'geuk o k d v f a v;awG a Mumih f ewfjynfuadk &mufawmhrmS yJvYdk awmihw f ESpo f uf om,maewJ h pd w f a v;[m tjA[® p &d , m odu©myk'fukd usKd;aygufapawmhonf/

oDvaqmufwnfNy;D ygu tm½kiH g;yg;? umr*kPfw&m;wdkYtay:rSm ESpfoufwG,fwm jcif ; r&S d b J ed A Á m ef u k d &nf o ef a ompd w f j zih f orx? 0dyóem? bm0emwdkYukd yGm;rsm;í aeEkdifrSom jrwfaomtusihfudk usihfonfom jzpfawmhrnf/ ukodkvfvkyf&wmESihf tukodkvfvkyf &wm tm;xkwf&wmcsif; twlwlyifjzpfonf/ oHo&mtwGif;rSm aexkdif&if;rSm rdrdwdkY[m b,ft&mukd ykdNyD; tm;xkwfoihfovJqkdwm odNyD;awmh ukd,fhtm;awGukd tcsnf;ESD;rjzpf atmif okH;wwfzdkY vdkayonf/ wpf a ,muf u d k w pf a ,muf cspf r d oGm;w,fqv dk Qif olpw d cf sr;f omatmif vkyaf y; csifw,f/ olYb0aumif;pm;atmif vkyfay; r,f q k d u mjzih f tJ ' D w pf a ,muf t wG u f y J pOf ; pm;vk y f u k d i f a y;jcif ; jzih f owd v G w f N yD ; ol u uk d , h f u k d BuKd ; uk d i f v k d u f a wmh \ / BuKd ; wef ; vef ; ES i h f q k d y gu oG m ;vm&wm rvG w f v yf a wmh a y/ csnf a ES m if xm;aom BuKd ; &S n f o avmuf o m c&D ; a&muf a y

[m ig\ OD;acgif;ay:rSm wnfygapownf;vdkY "d | mef a wmf r l v d k u f w J h t cg jrwf p G m bk & m;&J U ajcawmf E S p f p H k [ m t&S i f r [muóy&J U acgif ; ay:rS m a&muf v mawmh tm;&yg;& &Sdcdk;ylaZmfvdkufw,f/ tJ'DvdkuefawmhNyD;rS pE´u;l eHo Y myHMk um;rSm jyef0ifaysmufu, G o f mG ;jyef w,f/ 'DawmhrS tavmif;awmfudk rD;ylaZmfvdkY &w,f/ ylaZmfvdkufw,fqdk&ifyJ a&mifrsKd;pHk ,S u f o ef ; NyD ; Nyd K ;Nyd K ;jyuf j yuf wpf c J e uf awmuf y aewJ h "mwf a wmf a rG a wmf a wG <uif ; usef & pf w ,f / onf t csd e f u mv[m vnf ; uqk e f v jynh f a usmf (7) &uf we*F a EG a eY j zpf v d k Y xl ; jrwf w J h uqk e f v &J U 0d a oowpf y g;vd k Y qd k & jyef y gw,f & S i f / tJ'v D kd xl;jcm;vSwhJ 0daoo(5) csuf tjyif Ak'¨bk&m;&SifeJY qufEG,faewJh 0daoo rsm;udv k nf; A[kow k tvdiYk mS wifjyvdyk gw,f/ 'guawmh 1/ aAm"djrwfudk a&oGef;avmif; &wJ h v ? pmrsuf E S m 24 ok d Y awmh r nf / wyfrufESpfoufp&m ckepfrsKd;tay: rSm ukd,fu om,maernfqkdygu BuKd;i,f ckepfacsmif;ukd aygif;NyD;uspfxm;aom oHo&m csnw f idk rf mS csnaf ESmifxm;aom BuK;d wpfacsmif; udk ykdifqkdifayawmhrnf/ ]ok;H vGe;f wifrS BuK;d } qko d nfrmS tvGef ckdifcHh\/ jywfzkdYcufcJ\/ ckepfvGef;wifwJhBuKd; qkdvQifjzihf jzwf&ef ykdvkdYyif cufcJyg\/ oDv? orm"d ? ynmjzih f o m jzwf E k d i f & m\/ oD v aqmufwnfNyD;ygu pdwfukd orm"djzihf xdef; ausmif;zdkYvkdonf/ orm"djzihf xdef;ausmif;rI rSefuefygu ynmjzihf ykdif;jzwfEkdifygonf/ uspv f u dk o f u l ork',? &&Sv d mwmu 'kuB© uK;d ? tJ'gawG[m trSefw&m;awGvkdY odrSwfwmu r*¾&JUBuKd;pm;tm;xkwfrIawGaMumihf eda&m"ukd qkdufa&mufEkdifayrnf/ eda&m"onf at;Nidrf; jcif; oEÅdokcukdom jzpfaponfrSm trSefw&m; yifjzpfawmhonf/ pG e f Y v Qif pm;&ovk d j zwf v Qif j ywf o nf r S m trS e f w &m; pdwå'Dy(a&TawmifOD;)pmukd;tbd"r®w¦o*F[

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

t yg,f ydwf w&m;awmf azyPf ("Ek j zL)OD ; y@d w

31 bHkü&SdMuaom owå0gwdkYonf jA[®mrSvGJí oGm;- &yf- xdkif- avsmif; [laom £&d,mykxf (4) yg;ESihf ajymif;vGJí aexdkif Mu&\/ £&d,mykxw f pfyg;wnf;ESifh Mum&Snf pGm &yfwnfraeEdik af y/ xdaYk Mumihyf if &xm;aom ½kyf? emrf? cE¨mtm; 'ku©[k rjrifMuawmhay/ 'k u © u d k £&d , myk x f u zH k ; vT r f ; xm;onf / xd k ' k u © onf v nf ; ½k y f - emrf [ l a om ½l y um,? emr um,wd k Y u d k rS D í jzpf a y: vm&\/ ½kyf-emrfr&SdvQif qif;&Jjcif;uif;ay onf/ qif;&Jjcif;'ku©uif;vQif qif;&JNidrf;&m? csKyf&medAÁmefyifjzpfawmhonf/ xdkYaMumihf jrwfpGmbk&m;u qif;&J uif;&medAÁmefudkvdkcsifvQifyke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K *päaEÅm0g ]]*pämrd}} xd yZmemxd? ]Xdawm0g} ]XdawmrSD} wd? yZmemwd ]edoad Eém0g} ]edoad EémrS}D wd yZmemwd ]o,maem0g} ] o,maemrSD} wd? yZmemwd [lí owdy|meokwf um,mEkyó em? £&d,myxydkif;wGif a[mMum;cJhavonf/ t"dyÜg,fum;- bdu©a0- &[ef;wdkY? yke p- wzefvnf;? ty&H wpfyg;aom ½Iyu kH m;? bduK© - &[ef;onf? ]]*päaEÅm0g- oGm;aomfvnf; oGm;vQifvnf; (0g oGm;wkef;? oGm;qJ? oGm;cdkuf? oGm;pOfrlvnf;) *pämrDwd- oGm;onf[k- yZm emwd- od\/ Xdawm0g- &yfaomfvnf; &yfvQif vnf; (0g &yfwkef;? &yfqJ? &yfpOfrlvnf;) Xdawm trSDwd- &yfonf[k- yZm emwd- od\/ edodaEém0g- xdkifaomfvnf; xdkifvQif

vnf; (xdkifwkef;? xdkifqJ? xdkifcdkuf? xdkifpOf) rlvnf; edodaEém trSDwd- xdkifonf[k- yZm emwd- od\/ o,maem0g- avsmif ; aomfvnf; avsmif; vQiv f nf; avsmif;wkef;? avsmif;qJ? avsmif;cdkuf? avsmif;pOfrlvnf; o,maem trSDwd- avsmif;onf[k- yZmemwd- od\/ xdkYaMumihf oGm;? &yf? xdkif? avsmif; £&d,mykxf (4) yg;udk owda&SU½I&ef (todjzih)f uyf½&I rnf[k a[mcJ\ h / owdEiS hf ynmyif jzpf avonf/ oGm;wkef;ü oGm;w,f? oGm;w,f[k rSwfaomf oGm;wmu½kyfw&m;? oGm;wmudk od a ewmu emrf w &m;[l í vnf ; aumif ; ? &yfvQifvnf; &yfw,f? &yfw,f[k rSwfaom tcg &yfwmu ½kyfw&m;? &yfwmudk odwmu emrfw&m;? xdkifvQifvnf; xkdifw,f? xkdifw,f [k odwmu ½kyfw&m;? xkdifwmudk odwmu emrfw&m;[lívnf;aumif;? avsmif;wkef;ü avsmif;w,f? avsmif;w,f[k ½I rSwfaomtcg avsmif ; wmu½k y f w &m;? avsmif ; wmud k od w mu emrf w &m;[k od x m;NyD ; ½k y f E S i h f emrfwGJvmaom emr- ½ly y&dapä'ÓP ÓPf/ xdaYk emuf oGm;csiw f phJ w d af Mumifh oGm; onf/ &yfcsifwJhpdwfaMumifh &yfonf/ xdkifcsif onhfpdwfaMumihf xdkifonf/ avsmif;csifonhf pdwfaMumihf avsmif;onf ponfjzihf taMumif; ]]pdw}f } aMumifh tusKd ; ]]½ky}f } jzpfyu kH kd odvmaom taMumif;tusdK;udk ydkif;jcm;&ef odaom? ypö,? y&d * ¾ [ ÓPf / qufvuftm;xkw&f m xd½k yk ?f emrfwYkd \ rNrJ? qif;&J? tpdk;r&[laom tedpö? 'ku©? tewåtm; oHk;oyfqifjcif&ef odjrifaom or® oeÓPf onfvnf; jzpfvm\/ qufvufí tm;xkwv f Qif ta[mif;ysuf- topfqufjzihf ½kyf? emrfwdkY\ wzGm;zGm; jzpf? ysufaewmudk ½IrSwfxifjrif? odjrifaom O',AÁ , ÓPf ? jzpf a y:vm\/ xd k Y a emuf qufvuftm;xkwf&ef tvif;a&mif? yDwd? yó'¨dwdkY jzpfay:vmNyD; ¤if;wdkYudk pG J r uf ? om,mrI r&Sb d J qufvuftm;xkwv f Qif 0D&, d ? orm"d? owd? ynm? o'¨g Adkvf (5) yg;wdkY

nDrQvmaom tcg ½ky?f emrfw\ Ykd tysuBf u;D udk om jrifvmaom b*FÓPf/ xdkYaemuf a&SUuvnf; ysufaewmyJ/ ,ckvnf; ysufwkef;yJ? aemifvnf; ysufrSmyJ [lí ysufpD;jcif;udkodjrif&ojzihf aMumufvefY zG,fab;BuD;tjzpf xifvmaom b,ÓPf/ ½kyf? emrfwdkY\ tjypfudkjrifvmaom tm'D e m0ÓPf / NiD;aiGUvmaom edAÁd'gÓPf wdkYonf vnf;aumif;? wpfqufwnf;jzpfí ½kyf? emrf? ocFg&wdkYrS tvGeftrif;vGwfajrmufvkdaom rk Í ö d w k u rsmwmÓPf / xGufajrmufcsií f qufvuftm;xkwf aomf y#d o cF g ÓPf / xdkYaemuf ½kyf? emrf? "r®? ocFg& tm;vHk;udk tnDtrQ½Iwwfaom ocFg½kayu©m ÓPf jzpfay:\/ O',AÁ,ÓPfrSpí aemufr*¾opöm tm;avsmaf om tEkavmrÓPf? ykxZk OftEG,f rS t&d,mtEG,fodkYa&mufaom a*gMwblÓPf jzpfNyD; (wenf;) tedpötp&Sdaom vu©Pm wpfyg;yg;udk tm½HkrjyKawmhbJ edAÁmefudkom tm½Hjk yKonhf r*fpw d jf zpfay:vmNy;D zdv k pf w d f (2) Budrf? (3) Budrfjzpfí b0ifusavawmh onf/ w&pyf jzpf? ysufaeaom ½kyfemrf ocFg&w&m;wdkYudk ½IrSwfae&mrS jzpf? ysuf? rpyf tNidrf;"mwfedAÁmefudk ajy;0ifrsufarSmufjyKoGm; avawmhonf/ xdkolonf opömav;yg;udk wpfNydKif wnf;odaom aomwmywådr*fÓPfudk&&Sdí aomwmyefjzpfoGm;\/ umrok*wdbHkwGif (7) b0om ae&í i&J ? wd & pä m ef ? Nyd w å m ? tol & um,f [l a om tyg,f (4) bH k ü vHk;0rjzpfawmhay/ xdaYk Mumihf tyg,fqif;&Jru S if;atmif vlwkdif;tm;xkwfapvdkaMumif; a&;om;wifjy vku d yf gonf/

azyPf ("Ek j zL) OD ; y@d w usrf ; ñT e f ; - tbd " r® w ¦ o *F [

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

csD;rGrf;jcif;ESihf uJh&JUjcif;

&S i f y nm(anmif a v;yif ) ]]&[ef;wdkY.. igbk&m;\*kPfaus;Zl; rJhukdjzpfap? w&m;awmf\ *kPfaus;Zl;rJhukd jzpfap? oHCmawmfwdkY\*kPfaus;Zl;rJhukdjzpfap olwpfyg;wdkYu uJh&JUajymqkdvmMuvQif oifwdkY onf xkdajymqkdrItay:ü pdwfqkd;jcif;? &efNiKd; zGJUjcif;? rESpfoufjcif;? rauseyfjcif; rjzpfMu ESihf/ xkdajymqkdrItay:ü oifwdkYpdwfqkd;aeMu vQif? rausreyfjzpfaeMuvQif oifwdkYrSmom psmefr*fzkdvf\tEÅ&m,fjzpfzG,f&Sdonf/ xkdYjyif olwpfyg;wdkY ajymqkdtyfaompum;ukdvnf; oifwo Ykd nf taumif;tqk;d cGjJ cm;í odEidk af wmh rnfr[kwfay/ xkdYaMumihf rdrdukd olwpfyg; wdkYu uJh&JUajymqkdvmvQif r[kwfrrSefaom tcsuf u k d r[k w f r rS e f y g[k ajz&S i f ; jcif ; uk d om jyK&ayrnf/ pdwfqkd;jcif;? trsufxGuf jcif ; rjzpf M uygES i h f / wpf z ef igbk & m;\*k P f a us;Zl ; uk d jzpfap? w&m;awmf\*kPfaus;Zl;ukdjzpfap? oHCmawmfw\ Ykd *kPaf us;Zl;udjk zpfap olwpfyg; wkdYu ajymqkdcsD;usL;MuvQifvnf; oifwdkYonf xkdajymqkdrItay:ü 0rf;ajrmufjcif;? ESpfouf jcif;? om,mMunfEl;jcif;? pdwfwuf<ujcif;ukd rjzpfMuESihf/ xkdajymqkdrItay:ü oifwdkYu 0rf ; ajrmuf a eMurnf ? ES p f o uf a eMurnf ? pdw"f gwfwuf<uaeMurnfqv dk Qif oifwrYkd mS om psmef r *f z k d v f \ tEÅ & m,f j zpf z G , f & S d a yonf / xkdYaMumihf rdrdukd olwpfyg;wdkY csD;usL;ajymqkd vmvQif oifwdkYonf [kwfrSefaomtcsuf uk d [k w f r S e f a y\[l í om 0ef c H a jymqk d Muyg/ 0rf ; ajrmuf j cif ; ? ES p f o uf j cif ; ? om,mMunf E l ; jcif ; jzpf r aeMuygES i h f } }/ txuf y g tqk H ; tr Mo0g'uk d jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &mZN*Kd[fNrKdUESihf emvE´NrKdU wkdY\tMum;wGif&Sdaom trÁv|duO,smOfü acwåem;ckad epOf &[ef;awmfwt Ykd m; qk;H rMo0g' ay;awmfrlcJhygonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;ESihf &[ef;awmfwdkYonf &mZN*Kd[fNrKdUrS emvE´NrKdUodkY c&D;ukd<uawmfrlvm pOf oky, dÜ y&dAZdk Ef iS fh ol\wynhjf zpfol jA[®'wf vkvifwo Ydk nfvnf; twlvu dk yf gvmcJMh uonf/ ol w k d Y E S p f O D ; onf &[ef ; awmf w d k Y \ aemuf r S uyf v suf v k d u f y gvmMuNyD ; q&mjzpf a om oky, dÜ y&dAZdk o f nf bk&m;? w&m;? oHCm &wem okH;yg;wdkY\ aus;Zl;rJhaompum;rsm;ukd ajymqkd Ny;D &wemok;H yg;tay: uJ&h UJ ½Iwcf svsuf vku d yf g

vmcJ h o nf / ol \ wynh f j zpf a om jA[® ' wf vkvifum; q&mESiq fh efu Y siv f suf &wemok;H yg; \ *kPfawmf? aus;Zl;awmfrsm;ukd csD;usL;ajym qkdum vkdufygvmcJhonf/ olwEYdk pS Of ;D onf q&mwynhjf zpfaomf vnf; &wemokH;yg;tay: tjrifjcif; rwlnD Muay/ q&mjzpfolonf &wemokH;yg;tay:ü raumif;jrifaeNyD; wynfhjzpfolu taumif; jrifaeonf/ q&mwynhjf zpfygvsuf tjrifjcif; rwlnD&jcif;\taMumif;um; q&mjzpfolonf wdw¦dy&dAkdZfwpfOD;jzpfNyD; jrwfAk'ËSihf t,l0g' rwlnDol 0g'NyKdifyk*¾KdvfwpfOD; jzpfavonf/ jrwfAk'¨ ryGihfay:rDtcgu xkdy&dAkdZfwdkYonf vlwdkY\MunfnKdrI? ukd;uG,ftm;xm;rI? vSL'gef; axmufyrhH rI sm;ukd &&Sad eNy;D vmbfvmbaygrsm; <u,f0um xifay:ausmfMum;vsuf&Sdayonf/ jrwf A k ' ¨ yG i h f x G e f ; ay:ayguf v maomtcg xkdy&dAkdZfwdkYonf vlwdkY\MunfnKdrI? ukd;uG,f tm;xm;rI? vSL'gef;axmufyHhrIrsm; enf;vmNyD; vmbfvmbrsm; qkwf,kwfoGm;Muavonf/ xkdodkY MunfnKdrI? ukd;uG,ftm;xm;rI? vSL'gef;axmufyrhH rI sm; enf;vmNy;D vmbfvmb rsm; qkwf,kwfvmaomaMumifh jrwfAk'¨tay: remvkdrI? 0efwdkrI? emusnf;rIrsm; jzpfay:vmNyD; &efNiKd;zGJUum uJh&JUjypfwif ½IwfcsvmcJhavonf/ jrwfAk'ËSihf &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;ukd jrifwdkif; qJa&;wdkif;xGmNyD; tjypfajymvmcJhonf/ ,ck tcgwG i f v nf ; vrf ; c&D ; wpf c k w nf ; wG i f vma&mufBuKHawGUae&NyD; &[ef;awmfwdkY\ aemufrS uyfvsufvkdufygvmum jrwfAk'ËSihf &[ef;awmfwdkYtm; vrf;wpfavQmufvkH; uJh&JU jypfwif ajymqkdvmcJhonf/ ol\wynhfjzpfol um; olEiS q fh efu Y siNf y;D bk&m;&SiEf iS fh oHCmawmf wd\ Yk *kPu f o dk m ajymqkv d mcJo h nf/ olwEYdk pS Of ;D ajymqkdvmaom pum;rsm;ukd &[ef;awmfrsm; wpfvrf;vkH; Mum;vmcJh&onf/ jrwf A k ' ¨ E S i h f &[ef ; awmf w d k Y o nf trÁv|duO,smOfodkY a&mufaomtcg rkd;csKyf cgeD;NyDjzpfaomaMumifh xkdO,smOfü tem;,lNyD; wpfnwm usdef;pufawmfrlchJMuonf/ xkdq&m wynfEh pS Of ;D wdo Yk nfvnf; xkOd ,smOfüyif tem; ,lum tdyfpufcJhMuonf/ nbufwGifvnf; q&monf &wemokH;yg;\aus;Zl;rJhukd ajymqkd aeNyD; wynhfjzpfolu &wemokH;yg;wdkY\*kPf aus;Zl;rsm;ukd ajymqkdaeonf/ eHeufa&mufaomtcg &[ef;awmf wd k Y o nf usd e f ; puf & mrS xawmf r l v mMuNyD ; pnf ; a0;Muum xk d q &mwynh f E S p f O D ; wd k Y \

&wemokH;yg;tay: tjrifrwlykH? qefYusifbuf ajymqk d a eMuyk H r sm;uk d aqG ; aEG ; aeMuonf / xkdtcg bk&m;&Sifa&mufvmNyD; xkdtaMumif;ukd odawmfrlí csD;rGrf;jcif;? uJh&JUjcif;cHMu&aomf xm;&S&d rnfph w d x f m;ESifh jyKvyk &f rnh0f wå&m;rsm; ukd txufygtwkdif; qkH;rMo0g'ay;awmfrlcJh jcif;jzpfavonf/ avmuobm0t& vlwo Ykd nf rdrEd iS fh tqifrajyol? qefYusifbufjzpfol? NyKdifbuf jzpforl sm;tay:ü jypfwif½w I cf sNy;D uJ&h UJ ajymqkd wwfMuavonf/ csD;rGrf;jcif;ukd jyKEkdifcJNyD; uJh&JUjcif;ukd jyKvG,fMuayonf/ aumif;wm vk y f o nf j zpf a p? qk d ; wmvk y f o nf j zpf a p csD;rGrf;jcif;ESihf uJh&JUjcif;wdkYum; BuKHawGUMu& rnfjzpfonf/ rsm;aomtm;jzihf tzGUJ tpnf;ESifh vky&f aomvkyif ef;rsm;? tNyKid t f qkid v f yk &f aom vkyfief;rsm;wGif ydkíawGUBuKH&wwfayonf/ wpf c gwpf & H rd r d u apwemouf o uf j zih f vkyaf omvkyif ef;rsm;wGiyf if uJ&h UJ cHrI rvGww f wf ygacs/ olwpfyg;tusK;d oufoufuo dk m aqmif &Gufaom yk*¾Kdvfrsm;yif tuJh&JUcHMu&onf/ xkduJh&JUrIESihfywfoufí pma&;ol i,fpOfu zwfz;l aom ykjH yifav;wpfy'k &f o dS nf/ xkdykHjyifav;rSm om;tzESpfa,muf awmxJodkY xif;acGomG ;pOf ykid &f iS rf jhJ rnf;av;wpfaumifudk zrf;rdvmcJo h nf/ xkjd rnf;av;ukd rnfov Ykd yk v f Qif aumif;rnfenf;[k om;tzESpfa,mufwkdifyif NyD; tazvkyfolu om;ukd jrnf;ay:wGifpD;ap NyD; zcifjzpfolrSm vrf;avQmufjyefvmcJhav onf/ vrf;ta&mufwGif vlwpfpku olwdkY om;tzukd awGUjrifMuNyD; om;vkyfolonf rodwwfavpG? zcifjzpfolukd vrf;avQmufckdif; NyD; om;jzpfolu jrnf;ukdpD;vmjcif;onf roihf awmf[kqkdum uJh&JUMuavonf/ uJh&JUcH&rSmaMumufaom om;tz ESpfa,mufonf xkduJh&JUoHukdMum;aomtcg zciftm; jrnf;ukdpD;apNyD; om;jzpfolu vrf; avQmufvmjyefonf/ a&SUem;odkYa&mufaom tcg vlwpfpku jrifawGUMuNyD; zcifjzpfolonf om;ukdusawmh vrf;avQmufckdif;NyD; olusawmh jrnf;udkpD;vmonf/ om;jzpfolukd ukd,fcsif; rpmem[kqkdum uJh&JUMujyefonf/ xkdtcg om;tzESpfa,mufwdkYonf jrnf;wpfaumif ay:wGif om;tzESpfOD;pvkH; wufpD;vkdufMu onf / xk d t cgrS m vnf ; awG U jrif o l w d k Y u xkdom;tzESpfa,mufwkdYtm; tMuifemuif;rJh olrsm;[k uJ&h UJ Mujyefonf/ xkpd um;ukd Mum;jyef aomtcg om;tzESpfa,mufwdkYonf wpfOD;rQ pmrsuf E S m 38 ok d Y

DHAMMA TALKS

"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

b0vrf;ñTef 38- jzm r*Fvmrdwfquf

av;td r f p k t&S i f 0 d p d w å o m&

(2) y@d w meÍö ao0em

vl a wmf v l a umif ; rsm;ES i h f a ygif ; yg (2) Pan.d.ita-nañca sevanaAssociate with the good efficient person

BuD ; yG m ;csrf ; omvd k o l w d k i f ; rS m &S d & rnh f (2) ck a jrmuf t&nf t csif ; (2) y@d w meÍö ao0em ynm&Sdvlvdr®mwdkYudk aygif;oif;qnf;uyfjcif; vlvrd m® ac: vlawmfval umif;rsm;ESifh aygif;oif;Edkifjcif;onfvnf; BuD;yGm;csrf;omvdk olwkdif;rSm trSefwu,f&Sdxm;&rnhf t&nft csif;aumif;wpfck (= r*Fvmwpfyg;) jzpfonf/ vlvdr®mac: vlawmfvlaumif;onf a&arT;ESihfwl\/ a&arT;onf oludk,fwkdifvnf; &eHo Y if;ysUH arT;BuKd ií f olEiS x fh pd yfrad omt&mrsm; udv k nf; oif;ysUH arT;BuKd iaf p\/ xdt Yk wl vlvrd m® onf oludk,fwdkifvnf; aumif;wmBuH? rSefwm vky?f [kww f majym\/ olEiS afh ygif;oif;oluv kd nf; aumif;wmBu?H rSew f mvky?f [kww f majymap\/ xdo k Ykd jzpfapEdik o f nhf tjyKprG ;f tifowård sm;onf pmrsuf E S m 5 rS t quf aom t&d,myk*¾dKvfwdkYrS? ykxk-toD;tjcm; ra&m,Suf aom? Ze- yk*¾dKvfowå0gjzpfaomaMumihf? ykxkZOfrnf avonf/ r[mok w 'D y eD u srf ; vmaqmif y k ' f ud a v'd | d ? Munh f *wd E S i h f ? tbd M oC? oEÅmywnhf? Vm[umar? eD 0 &aPES i h f [D a et&d , ? oD;jcm;jyonf? 'Gm' ykxkZOf AsLyÜwfwnf;/

vlvdr®mrSm&Sd\/ vlvdr®monf aumif;owif; ausmfapmouJhodkY vlESihfaygif;azmf,SOfwGJaeol udkvnf; aumif;owif;xGufay:ap\/ Oyrm- ausmif;om;armifjzLonf pmawmfaom? ausmif;rajy;wwfaom oli,f csi;f armifnKd EiS w hf NJG y;D pmtoiftjyaumif;aom q&m? q&mrrsm;xH BudK;BudK;pm;pm; ynmoif ,lonfqdkygpdkY/ armifjzLonf uHraumif;? taMumif;rvSí pmar;yGJus½IH;awmifrS tjypf wifcH&rnfr[kwfay/ trsm;wum\ u½kPm ouf j cif ; ud k y if cH & rnf j zpf \ / þonf r S m vlawmfvlvdr®mESihf aygif;oif;ojzihf &&Sdaom aumif;usdK;erlemrQomjzpf\/ pifppfvlawmf vlvrd m® ESifh aygif;oif;ojzihf &&Sad omaumif;usKd ; rsm;rSm toacsFteEÅyifjzpf\/ oift h aygif;toif;rsm;onf vlvrd m® ? vlawmf? vlaumif;rsm;jzpfaeonfqdkygu oifh ynma&;? pD;yGm;a&;? ukodkvfa&;ponfrsm; wdk;wufjzpfxGef;a&;ü ta&;ygaomtajccH aumif;wpfcu k kd oif&&Sad eNyjD zpfaMumif; oifrw S f ,lEikd af yonf/ pmudk;/ (1) t|omvdeD? t|uxm? edau©y? 383-384/ (2) rH&k mG ta&SUv,fwq D &mawmfb&k m;Bu;D b'´Eu Å @ k v pD&ifaom r[mokw'DyeDusrf;? (y) wGJ/ oD w mOD ; (jref r mpm)

vl a umif ; ES i h f y if ? oif a ygif ; vQif ? toif vl a umif ; om/ vl a umif ; pH o rQ? oif p H & ? nD r Q tusd K ;rS m / twG i f ; pd w f a umif ; ? jyif r d w f aumif ; ? &S n f a nmif ; BuD ; yG m ;&m/ BuD ; yG m ;vd k & if ; ? pd w f a umif ; oG i f ; ? aygif ; oif ; vl v d r ® m / -r*F v mh t tjrLaw/ uav;wdkYa&vlvdr®mç ynm&Sdqdkwm ]]aumif;wm BuH? rSefwmvkyf? [kwfwmajymNyD;? taumif; eJYtqdk;udk cGJjcm;odolawG}} ayhguG,f/ tJ'Dvdk vlrsKd ;eJaY ygif;&if vlaumif;vnf;jzpfw,f? ukov kd f vnf; wdk;w,fuG,fh/ a&S;wke;f u bk&m;avmif;acgif;aqmif wJh ukefonfig;&meJY a'0'wftavmif;acgif; aqmifwJh ukefonfig;&mwdkY[m ukefa&mif;ukef 0,fvkyfMuwJhtcg bDvl;awGaewJh uEÅm&c&D; udk a&mufoGm;MuowJhuG,f/ tJ't D cg a'0'wftavmif;rSm bDv;l rSef;vlreS ;f cGjJ cm;odwyhJ nm r&Sw d t hJ wGuf ola&m? olYaemufvdkufig;&myg bDvl;awG&JU jzm;a,mif; pm;aomufwmudk cHMu&owJ/h bk&m;avmif;u awmh A[kokw&SdwJhtwGuf vlrSef;? bDvl;rSef; cGJjcm;odwJhtodÓPf&SdwJhtwGuf ola&molY aemufvdkufawGyg bDvl;ab;uvGwfajrmufNyD; BuD;yGm;csrf;omoGm;MuowJhuG,f/ uav;wdkYvnf; pdwfaumif;vnf; &S d ? t od Ó Pf y nmeJ Y v nf ; jynh f p H k w J h tod vlawmfvlaumif; awG e J Y a ygif ; zd k Y ? q&mwif rrSm;zdkY ta&;BuD;w,faemf/ 'grS qdk;oGrf; vl i ,f a wG rjzpf r S m aemf / (2) r*Fvm? r*Fvm? 38 jzm r*Fvm/ ESpfckajrmufrSm a[mñTefMum;? y@d w ao0e ao0ew&m;/ vlaumif;rsm;ESihf aygif;oif;yg? wd;k wufBu;D yGm;vdrrhf nfom/ a&S;cgig;&m ukefonfrsm;? acgif;aqmifaumif;vdkY csrf;omyGm;/ csrf;omvdkvm; nDri,f? vlaumif;rsm;ESihf aygif;oif;uG,f? vlaumif;rsm;ESihf aygif;oif;rS? qd;k oGr;f rIab; uif;r,fy/ ñTe;f -r*Fvokwf av;td r f p k t&S i f 0 d p d w å o m&

DHAMMA DEW

"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/

ol r sm;raumif ; BuH ud k , f a b;'Pf x d ? 0pD a b'xd w k d i f ; &S cifvSjrwfaxG; ol r sm;raumif ; BuH ud k , f a b;'Pf x d ? ]]olrsm;raumif;BuH ud, k af b;'Pfx}d } [laom pum;rSm Asmyg' tukodkvf\tjypfudk azmfjyaompum;wpf&yfjzpfygonf/ ygVdbmom ]]Asmyg'}} \teuft"dyÜm,frSm olwpfyg;tm; ysupf ;D &mysupf ;D aMumif; BupH nfjcif;? raem'kp½du k f (3) yg;teufrS raem 'kp½du k f (1) yg;jzpfygonf/ pdwjf zihBf upH nfonhrf aumif;rIurkd aem'kp½du k f [kac:ygonf/ raem'k p ½d k u f (3) yg; pdwfjzihfBuHpnfonhf raumif;rI? raem'kp½dkufw&m; (3) yg;wdkY rSm(1) tbdZÑm- olYpnf;pdrfudk &vdkorI a&S;½IBuHpnfjcif;/ (2) Asmyg'- olwpfyg;udk ysufpD;apjcif;/ (3) rdpäm'd|d- t,lrSm;jcif; [lí (3) yg;jzpfonf/ olwpfyg;tm; ysufpD;apvdkaompdwfjzpf½HkrQomjzpfaompdwf udk tmCmwa'gopdw[ f q k ykd gonf/ xdt k mCmwa'gojzpf½jkH zihf Asmyg' tukodkvfuHrajrmufyg/ 'Dvlao&ifaumif;avpG? um;arSmufao&if? a&epfao&if? olpuf½HkBuD;yg oleJYtwl rD;avmifysufpD;oGm;&if aumif; avpG[lí BuHpnfaomtcgusrSom Asmyg'tukodkvfuHajrmufygonf/ Asmyg'\tm½Hkjzpfaomolu oDvpaom *kPfenf;vQif tjypfenf;\/ xd*k P k Bf u;D vQif tjypfBu;D onf[k tbd"r®myd#u"r®o*FPyD gVdawmf? t| uxmwGif azmfjyyg&Sdygonf/ xdkraem'kp½dkuf Asmyg'tukodkvfuHonf olwpfyg;tm; raumif;BuHpnf&mrS olwpfyg;tm; BuHpnfonhftwkdif; rxdyJ BuHpnfol ud, k o f mvQif ab;'Pfxad Mumif;jzihf jyqdo k nf/ a&S;vlBu;D olrwd\ Yk qH;k r Mo0g'pum;jzpfygonf/ 0pD a b'xd w d k i f ; &S ]]0pDab'- xdwkdif;&S}} [laom pum;rSm? EIwfjzihfajymqdkaom Murf;wrf;aompum;? qJa&;wdkif;xGmaompum;? 0pD'kp½dkufEIwfjzihf vGefusL;onhf raumif;rItukodkvfuHudk azmfjyaompum;jzpfygonf/ tbd"r®myd#uawmftvdt k &? EIwjf zihaf jymqdak om raumif;rI 0pD'kp½dkuftukodkvfw&m; (4) yg;&Sdygonf/ 1/ rkom0g'- vdrfvnfajymqdkjcif;/ 2/ ydokP0gpm- ukef;acsmpum;ajymqdkjcif;/ 3/ z½ko0gpm- ½kefY&if;Murf;wrf;aompum;ajymqdkjcif;/ 4/ oræyÜvmy- odrfzsif;aompum;ajymqdkjcif;[lí (4) yg;&Sd ygonf/ z½k o 0gpmtuk o d k v f u H \ tjypf z½ko0gpmtukodkvfuH\tjypfudk azmfjy&mwGif? ajymqdkol onf EIwfMurf;aomfvnf; pdwfrMurf;u z½ko0gpm rajrmufyg[k qdkyg onf/ Oyrm- rdbwdkYu om;rdkufudk 'Daumifav;'Davmufqdk;aewm tjrefaoygap/ rdk;BudK;ypfygap[k qJa&;aomfvnf; pdwfu u½kPm t&if;cHí El;nHhaomaMumihf z½ko0gpmrjzpfyg/ wu,fukd pdwu f xefxefrmrma'gojzihf Murf;Murf;wrf;wrf; qJa&;rSom z½ko0gpmjzpfygonf/ pdwu f vnf; Murf;? EIwu f vnf;Murf;

rSom z½ko0gpm tukodkvfuHajrmufygonf/ ]]aemifvmol todcufatmif r,ufvkdufygeJY ivufjzL&,f}} [k pmcsdK;í qJaomt&mrsdK;ESihf pdwfvnf;Murf;? EIwfvnf;Murf;onfh q&mawmfwpfyg;udk y'wfwGif;,ufonhf ivufjzL[k ac:Muaom acG;ESihfcdkif;EdIif;onhf tqJrsdK;onf z½ko0gpxdkufavonf/ qJa&;tyfaomolonf oDv*kPf? orm"d*kPf? ynm*kPf enf;u qJa&;oltjypfenf;\/ qJa&;tyfol *kPfBuD;u tjypfBuD;\/ 0pD a b'xd w d k i f ; &S pdwfuvnf; Murf;? EIwfuvnf;Murf;Murf;wrf;wrf;qJa&;Mu aom Oygvdrax&favmif;rif;om;onf yapöuAk'¨gwpfyg;udk zdESdyf qJa&;cJhonhf z½ko0gpm tukodkvfuHaMumihf &[EÅmjzpf&rnhf tEÅdr aemufqHk;b0ü qwåmonf trsdK;edrfhüjzpf&onf/ trÁygvD&[EÅmrBuD; tavmif; bdu©KeDrav;onf rawmfwqcRJovdyftnpftaMu; bk&m; &ifjyifay: usapcJah om &[EÅmax&DrBu;D udk pdwq f ;kd rmefq;kd jzih?f jynhw f ef qmr[laom pum;jzihf EIwMf urf;tmMurf; qJa&;cJah omaMumihf b0aygif; wpfaxmif jynhfwefqmjzpfcJh&onf/ aemufqHk; tEÅdrb0ü Oyywfy#d oaE¨aeNyD; oefY&Sif;jrihfjrwfoljzpfcJh&aomfvnf; bk&ihftrdefYawmft& jynhw f efqmjzpf&&Smonf/ xdb k 0t&G,&f ifrh S bduK© ejD yK&[EÅmjzpf&onf/ xdkYaMumifh z½ko0gpmtukodkvfuH\ aMumufrufzG,fudk ]]0pD ab' xdwkdif;&S}} [k "m;vufeufjzihf EdIif;,SOfí jrefrmwdkY qdk½dk;jyKcJhMuyg onf/

pum;pum;ajymygrsm; trS m ;ygwwf \ ]]pum;pum;? ½dk;½dk;rSm;u? pum;'Pfcsuf? rxufjrufyJ? oufoufomom? &SdwwfpGm\/ tremy? tmCmwjzihf? a'goa&SUxm;? tajymrSm;u? pum;'Pfcsuf? vGefxufjrufí? tcuftcJ? awGU&NrJwnhf? pdwfxJa'go? jzpfaeurl? pdwfuxdef;odrf;? EIwfydwfNidrf;í? rsuf&Sdef;rme? tmCmwudk? ESdyfMur,Gif; jyKavrif;...}} cif v S j rwf a xG ; (td e f * s,f r d k ; )

&mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf &J&ifhwnfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0ukd &ifqidk v f suf atmifjrifpGmjzwfoef;EkdifMuzkdY "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU

DHAMMA DEW

"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

aorif;udkb,fvdk&ifqdkifrvJ ? t&SifawZ0EÅ (pvif;) a&TuHajr (aumhaomif;NrdKU? a0ae,sokc"®&dyfom)

(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) 6/ aoab;aMumuf o l ( 4)rsKd ; (1) umr*k P f p G J v rf ; Muol o nf aorS m aMumuf igYom;? igYorD;? igYtrd ?f igYqikd ?f igYypön;f ponfwu Ykd kd pGv J rf;tm; BuD;vQif aocgeD;ü xdkumr*kPfrsm;ESihf cGJcGm&awmhrnf[k ylyefaomu jzpfNyD; ao&rSmaMumufonf/ xdkolaoaomtcgü rJhíao&onf/ (2) rd r d u d k , f r d r d p G J v rf ; Muol o nf aorS m aMumuf owå0gwdkif; rdrdudk,frdrd pGJvrf;aomwPSm&Sdonf/ xdkwPSm aMumihf aoMuaomtcg tylBuD;yl? taMumufBuD;aMumufí aoMu onf/ wd&pämefrsm;yif aocgeD;b0wPSm cifwG,frIaMumihf rsuf&nf usonfukd pOf;pm;Munhu f m odomEkid o f nf/ rdrw d v Ydk nf; b0udk wG,w f m rIjzihf aoMurnfqdkvQif aorSmaMumuf\/ xcdkolaoaomtcgü rJhí ao&onf/ (3) tuk o d k v f r sm;aomol o nf aorS m aMumuf ygyo®ø &rwdraemwJ/h rdrw d \ Ykd pdwo f nfraumif;rIrmS aysmaf rGU wwfygonf/ olYtowf owfjcif;? olYOpömcdk;jcif; tp&Sdaom raumif;rI tukokdvfawG jyKvkyfMurnfqdkvQif aorSmaMumufMuonf/ xdkol aoaomtcgü rJhíao&onf/ (4) w&m;ud k , H k r S m ;ol o nf aorS m aMumuf rdrdwdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;aom ukokdvf? tukokdvf w&m;&JUtay:rSm ,Hrk mS ;olonf aorSmaMumufonf/ xdo k al oaomtcg ürJhíao&onf/ 7/ aoab;raMumuf o l (4)rsKd ; (1) umr*k P f r pG J v rf ; aomol o nf aorS m raMumuf ]]rdrdwdkY cHpm;ae&aom avmuDtm½Hk umr*kPfwdkYonf rao cifcPav;om oHk;pGJ&onf/ rNrJwJh oabmw&m;awGyJ/ wpfaeYus&if igu cGJoGm;&rSmygvm;/ ypönf;OpömawG[m raocifav;qdkifNyD; ao&if cGJcGmoGm;&ayrnf}} [k ESvHk;tNrJoGif;aexdkifol aorSmraMumuf/ xdkol aoaomtcgwGif NyHK;íao&onf/ (2) rd r d u d k , f r d r d rpG J v rf ; aomol aorS m raMumuf igwd k Y & xm;aom cE¨ m ud k , f B uD ; [m igr[k w f y gvm;/ wu,fawmh ½kyef eYJ mrfyg/ rdrw d &Ykd UJ rSwÓ f PfrmS tjrif&iS ;f Ny;D ig[krpGv J rf; awmhyg/ ½kyfawGemrfawG aeYpOfjzpfysufaeonf[k tcsdefwdkif; jzpfysuf udk jrifaomolonf aorSmraMumuf/ xdkolaoaomtcgwGif NyHK;íao &onf/ (3) uk o k d v f r sm;ol o nf aorS m raMumuf

jrwfpGmbk&m; tqHk;trwdkif; tukodkvf[lorQ rjyKvkyfrd atmif a&SmifMuOfae\/ ukodkvf[lorQ r&&atmif jyKvkyfae\/ rdrd&JU pd w f u d k jzLazG ; pif M u,f a tmif xm;\/ xd k o l a oaomtcg aorSmraMumufyg/ aowJhtcsdefrSmvnf; NyHK;íao&onf/ (4) w&m;tay: ,H k M unf o l a orS m raMumuf jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;cJhaom w&m;rsm;udk ,HkMunfygonf/ owå0gawG[m uHpDrHovdk cHMu&onf/ ur®H oawå0dbZÆwd ygVdawmf vmonfhtwdkif; bk&m;u zefqif;ay;onfr[kwf uHzefqif;onf/ uH0g'udk ,HkMunfolonf aorSmraMumuf/ ukd,fjyKcJhaom ukodkvf? tukodkvf tusKd;awG cHpm;&onf/ "You are the creator of yourself"" ]]oif[m oihfb0&JU zefqif;&Sifwpfa,mufyg}} vdkYÓPf&Sif;NyD; aowJhtcg NyHK;í ao&onf/ owå0gwdkif; aorsKd;csnf;jzpfayw,f/ rdrdwdkY[m wpfaeYaeY wpfcsed cf sed f {uefrck s aornfo h al wGjzpfMuonf/ xdt Yk wGuaf Mumihf rdrw d Ykd raocifav;rSm aorif;udk b,fvdk&ifqdkifMurvJ/ rdrdwdkY&JU aojcif;w&m;udk avhvmMunhfaomtcgrSm aojcif; (4)rsKd;bJawGU&onf/ rdrdwdkY[m tcsdefra&G;? ae&mra&G; aoEkdifonf/ ]]iSurf sm;[m ysMH u&if;eJY aoMuovd?k rdrw d w Ydk pfawGvnf; BupH nf vkyu f ikd f &if;ESihf aoMuonf/}} rdrdwdkY[m auG;aomvufrqefYrD? qefYaomvuf rauG;rD aoEkdifonfudk owdarhavsmhum raeoihfyg/ vlom;ESihf aojcif;onf NrJvSaywnf;/ rdrdwdkY&JU touf&Sifjcif;u rNrJyg/ ]]igonf rkcsao&rnf? tcsdefydkif;om vdkawmhonf/ taorOD;cif ÓPfOD;atmif? BudK;pm;ygrnf}} [k tNrJESvHk;oGif;yg/ rdrdonf aorif;udk &ifqdkifEkdifaom yk*¾dKvfwpfa,muf jzpfay wnf;/ 8/ b,f v d k v l v J pOf ; pm;yg jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mMum;onfh 'kv’bw&m; (5)yg;rSm rdrdwdkY vlb0 vltjzpfudk &MuNyD/ odkYaomfvnf; rdrdwdkY[m b,fvdkvlrsKd;jzpfae ygovJ/ rdru d , kd rf rd d qef;ppfa0zefMunhzf Ykd vdt k yfaeygonf/ Ak'0¨ ifusr;f awGrSmawmh vl(4)rsKd; cGJjyxm;onfudkawGU&onf/ (1) vl Y i &J o m; avmurSm tusOf;axmifusí tESdyfpufcH&ol? pnf;pdrfOpöm aygrsm;aomfvnf; emwm&Snfa&m*gpGJuyfaeol? xdkolrsm;onf vlYb0 &jyefaomfvnf; 'ge? oDv? bm0emarhí aejyefvQif vlYi&Jom; ac:qdk owfrSwf&rnf/ (2) vl Y w d & pä m ef rdrdwdkY[m vlYb0&jyefaomfvnf; wd&pämefuJhodkY pm;r,f? td y f r ,f ? arxk e f r S D 0 J r ,f ? þoH k ; ck a vmuf y J vk y f a qmif a eonf /

DHAMMA DEW

"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ rdrv d yk af qmif&rnfh 'ge? oDv? bm0em arhavsmah ejyefvQif vlw Y &d pämef/ (3) vl Y N yd w å m rdrdonf NydwåmuJhodkY wpfaeYwmwpfaeYyJ &SmazGpm;aomufNyD; 'ge? oDv? bm0em arhavsmhí aernfqdkvQif vlYNydwåm/ (4) vl o m;pif p pf rdr[ d m ukov dk u f ?H tukov dk u f H ,HMk unfae\/ vlraI &;? pD;yGm; a&;? bmoma&;wdkY aqmif&Gufonfhtcg tukodkvfrjzpfatmif ukodkvf pdwf? wdk;yGm;atmif aqmif&GufMurnfqdkvQif vlom;pifppf/ xdv k l (4)rsK;d wdw Yk iG f rdr[ d m rnfuo hJ v Ykd rl sK;d jzpfaeovJ? rdru d , kd f rdrd qef;ppfa0zefMunhfyg/ rdrd[m t&G,fwdkif;? tcsdefwdkif;rSm rarhoihf aom todw&m;ESihf ,SOfwGJí tvkyfvkyfzdkYvdktyfaeonf/ tJ'Dvdk vk y f a qmif a ernf q d k v Qif ypö K yÜ e f r S m aum wrvG e f b 0rS m yg tusKd;xl;rsm;pGm jzpfxGef;vdrhfrnf[k Ak'¨u qHk;rcJhonf/ rdrdwdkY&&Sdxm;aom vlYb0onf BuHKcJaomomoem &cJaom vlYb0? emcJ&aom w&m;ppf w&m;rSefrsm;udk BuHKawGU&&Sdaeonf/ tu,fí rdro d nf aygYaygYae aygYaygYpm;b0jzihf a&vdu k f ig;vdu k af eMu rnfqdkvQif raumif;rI tukodkvfrSm aysmfarGUMurnf/ jrwf p G m bk & m;u ]ygyod ® H & rwd r aem} wJ h / raumif ; rI tukokdvf awGeJY aysmfaernfqdkvQif igb,fvdkvlvJ/ 9/ b,f u vmcJ h rod M uyg rdrdwdkYonf r*fÓPfzdkvfÓPf r&ao;orQ umvywfvHk; b,fb0u vmcJo h nfukd rodMuyg/ wpfcgawmh jrwfpmG bk&m; nOfOh ;D ,H w&m;rsm; a[maecsdef OygoumBuD;[m w&m;udk pdwf0ifpm;jcif;r&Sdyg/ OygoumBuD;[m OD;acgif;acGacgufNyD;awmh tdyfarmusaeonfudk nDawmftmeE´mujrifawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;udk avQmufxm;jcif; jyKonf/ onfawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]cspfom; nDawmftmeE´m? 'DOygoumBuD; [mjzihf b0aygif;(500)a`rGjzpfcJhw,f/ a`rGb0u aoNyD;awmh ,ckvdk vlb Y 0 &&Scd w hJ ,fcspo f m;}}/ rdrw d Ydk b0awG rSe;f qMunhyf g/ 'DOygoumBu;D awmif a`rGb0(500)aocJhvQif rdrdwdkY tjcm;owå0gawG b,favmuf aocJhMuw,frodyg/ b0oHo&mBuD;u &Snfvsm;aywnf;/ rdrdwkdY[m oHo&mxJrSm usifvnfaeMurnfqdkvQif taorvGwfyg/ 'kwd,n w&m;yGJNyD;qHk;aomf nDawmftmeE´mu jrwfpGm bk & m;ud k avQmuf x m;onf / ]]jrwf p G m bk & m;? t&S i f b k & m;\ w&m;awmfawG[m tp? tv,f? tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;aumif;ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh Oygoumwpfa,muf[m w&m;udk pdwf0ifpm;jcif;r&Sdyg/ zsmudkvSefvdkuf? zsmpawG csKd;vdkufvkyfaew,f/}} 'Dawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]]cspfom; nDawmftmeE´m? tJ'DOygoumBuD;[m b0aygif; (500)rSm arsmufrsKd;jzpfcJhzl;w,f}} wJh/ wwd,ajrmufonf w&m;yGJNyD;qHk;aomf nDawmftmeE´m u jrwfpGmbk&m;udkavQmufxm;jyefonf/ ]]jrwfpGmbk&m;? t&Sifbk&m;&JU w&m;awG[m emvdkYudkr0yg? 'gayr,fh bk&m;Oygoumwpfa,muf[m w&m;ukd pdwf0ifpm;jcif;r&Sdyg/ olxdkifaeaom zsmawGvSefNyD; ajrawG wl;qGaeonfudk wynhfawmfjrifcJhonf}}/ 'Dawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]]cspfom; nDawmftmeE´m? tJ'DOygoumBuD;[m b0aygif; (500)rSm wDaumifjzpfcJhzl;w,f}} wJh/ pwkw¬nw&m;yGJNyD;qHk;aomf nDawmftmeE´mu jrwfpGmbk&m; udk avQmufxm;jyefonf/ ]jrwfpGmbk&m;? t&Sifbk&m;&JU w&m;awG[m tm;vHk;aumif;ygonf? 'gayr,fhbk&m; Oygoumwpfa,muf[m w&m;

&JUtay: tm½HkrjyKbJaeum [dkMunhfonfMunhfvkyfaew,fbk&m;}}/ 'Dawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]cspfom; nDawmftmeE´m? tJ'DOygoumBuD;[m b0aygif; (500) u aA'ifeu©wform;jzpfzl;w,f}} wJh/ yÍörn w&m;yGNJ y;D qH;k aomf nDawmftmeE´mu jrwfpmG bk&m;udk avQmufxm;jyefonf/ ]]jrwfpGmbk&m; t&Sifbk&m;&JU w&m;awG[m nwdkif; aumif;vSonf/ 'gayr,fh bk&m; xl;qef;aom Oygoumudk avQmufxm;csifonf/ Oygoumwpfa,muf[m w&m;prS w&m;qHk;xd Nird cf suaf umif;vSonf bk&m; wynhaf wmfvnf; tJ'OD ygoumudk tm;us ESpfoufrdygonfbk&m;}}/ 'Dawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]]cspfom; nDawmf tmeE´m? tJ'DOygoumBuD;[m igbk&m;a[mcJhaomw&m; tp? tv,f? tqHk; tzefzef oHk;oyfí r[maomwmyefjzpfoGm;w,f cspfom;}}/ jrwfpmG bk&m; rdeMYf um;aom w&m;a'oemudk Munhrf nfqv kd Qif rdrdwdkY b,fb0uvmcJhí vljzpfonfudk rodEkdifyg/ vlYb0&jyefaomf vnf; aojcif;u ajy;rvGwfyg/ rdrdwdkY[m (31)bHkrSm b,fb0 a&muf a&muf taorvGwfMuyg/ b0aygif;rsm;pGmu aocJ&h onf/ vlb Y 0&jyefNyq D akd wmh tao aumif;atmif bmvkyfMurvJ? rdrdudk,frdrd ar;í aorif;udk &ifqkdifzdkY BudK;pm;yg/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / )

qkxl;yef tbd"r®m#Dumausmf0dok'd¨ oif w ef ; rsm; pwifzGihfvSpfrnhfaeY&uf/ Ä

/14.5.2011paeaeY?

ig;xyf B uD ; bk & m;? a':aomh w ef a qmif ; ? A[ef ; Nrd K Ue,f / tywfpOf pae? we*FaEG? eHeuf (8;00) rS (11;00)em&Dxd?

Ä omoemh r m&f a tmif ausmif ; wk d u f ? "r® ' gevrf ; ? ewf a csmif ; &yf u G u f ? wmarG N rKd U e,f /

tywfpOf pae? we*FaEG? nae (6;00)rS (8;00)em&Dxd? 1/ avmuD ? avmuk w å & m uk o k d v f t vk y f r sm;uk d yg&rD jzpfatmif jyKwwfcsifygovm;¿ 2/ tbd"r®m\t&Sdw&m;ESihf rdrdtodÓPfukdukdufatmif n§w d wfNy;D 0dyóembm0emukd vG,u f pl mG tm;xkwf vdyk g ovm;¿ 3/ uHaumif;atmif vkyfcsifygovm;¿ 4/ omoema&;OD;pD;Xmeu ESpfpOfusif;yonhf tbd"r®m pmar;yGJukd xl;cRefpGmatmifjrif csifygovm;¿

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON BODHIPAKKIYA DIPANI

"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDq

a&;om;jyKpka

aAm"dyu

THE BODHIPAK O THE MANUAL OF THE FACTORS by Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw,

TRANSLATED into English by U Sein Nyo (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) orm"d a È´ / / uw¬orm"dÈ´d,H '|AÁH? pwlok psmaeok {w¬ orm"dÈ´d,H '|AÁH/ (ygVdawmfteufvG,fNyD) tmemygetp&Sad om orxtm½Hw k üYkd Oypm&orm"d bm0em tvkyf aumif;pGmxajrmufí rdrdpdwfwGif tpOfx<uaomif;usef;íae aom umrpäEç´ Asmyg'paom eD0&Pya,m*Murf;Bu;D wdYk uRwu f mG uif; &Sif;í xdktm½Hkü pdwf\wnfMunfNidrfoufjcif;txl;odkY a&mufayvQif orm"d\tpd;k &rItxl;udk odtyf\/ xdyk *k Kd¾ vo f nf orm"dt&mü pdw½f ;kl ç pdwaf emufaysmufayNy/D bk&m;omoemü pdwu f t kd pd;k &aom vlaumif;ç olaumif;jzpfayNyD[k odtyf\[lvdk/ orm"daÈ´tcsufNyD;\/ ynd a È È´ / /uw¬ yndÈ´d,H '|AÁH? pwlok t&d,oapöok {w¬ yndÈ´d,H '|AÁH/ (ygVdawmfteuf vG,fNyD/) bk&m;omoemü BuHKBudKufMuaomolwdkYrSm opömav;yg;udk odrI onf txGwftjrwfwnf;/ opömav;yg;udkodrS 'd|de,fBuD;ç 'kp½dkufe,fBuD;ç tyg,foHo&mBuD;wdkYrS tNyD;wdkifuRwfvGwfEdkifMuukef onf/ xkdYaMumihf opömav;yg;udkodjcif;iSm rdrdwdkYoEÅmefü ,kwfpGtqHk; ajr"mwfç a&"mwfç rD;"mwfç av"mwfç tmumo"mwfç pdw"f mwf[al om "mwf 6-yg;wdkYudk vnf;aumif;? xdk"mwf 6-yg;wdkY\ rsufawmifwcwf vQyfwjyufrQ toufr&Snf rwnfrNrJ rpJcsKyfqHk;íaerI[laom tedpt ö csuBf u;D udk vnf;aumif;? ,ckb0wGif xifjrifEikd Mf u&ef usurf çI tHrIç BuHrIç pnfrIç Mum;emrIç aqG;aEG;rIç ar;jref;rIç ½IrIç MunhfrIç ESv;kH oGi;f rIwu Ykd kd txl;tm;xkwf avhvmMu&ukefonf/ xdk"mwf 6yg;wdkYudk ÓPfü aumif;pGmxifjrifMu ukefvQif <uif;aomw&m;wdkYü txl;tm;xkwfzG,fr&SdMuukefNyD/ tedpö tcsufBuD; aumif;aumif; xifjrifMuukev f Qif tewåtcsuBf u;D Ny;D pD; awmhonf/ 'kut © csuBf u;D rSm t&[wår*fodkYa&mufrSm urf;ukefvrf;ukef NyD;pD;Edkifonf/ xdkodkYESpf&Snfvrsm; tm;xkwfavhvmMuukefí tZÑwå A[d'¨

Kattha sama-dhindriyam dat.t.habbam? Catu-su jha-nesu ettha samadhindriyam dat.t.habbam.. (Where should one look for sama-dhindriya? One should look for it in the four Jha-nas.) If in the work of samatha, such as out-breath and inbreath, the successful accomplishment in the least of upaca-ra sama-dhi bha-vana- (contemplation of access-concentration) is attained, and if thereby the nivaranas such as ka-macchanda (Sensuous Desire), bya-pa-da (III-will), ect., which have continuously in the past samsa-ra been running riot in the mind, are removed, the attention of the mind on the objects of samatha becomes especially steady and tranquil. This must be recognised as arising out of the function of the predominant control exercised by sama-dhi. The dissettlement and disturbances of the mind in the matter of samadhi have disappeared from such an individual. He is one who has obtained mastery over his mind. Kattha paññindriyam. datthabam.? Catu-su ariyasaccesu ettha paññindriyam. dat.t.habbam.. (Where should one look for paññindriya? One should look for it in the Four Noble Truths.) Among persons who encounter a Buddha Sa-sana, knowledge of the Four Noble Truths is of supreme value. Only when this knowledge is acquired can they obtain release from the realm of sakka-yaditthi, and that of the duccaritas, and from the apa-ya sam.sa-ra. Hence, in order to acquire a knowledge of the Four Noble Truths, they attempt in the least to obtain insight into the six dha-tus (or basic constituent elements) of pathavi , apo, tejo, vayo, akasa and viññana. or insight into their fleeing and unstable nature––how they do not last for more than the twinkling of an eye at a time (so to say) and how they are continually being destroyed–––through such methods of practise as studying memorising, reciting, cogitating, listening, discusing, question, practising insight exercises, and contemplating. If a clear insight is obtained into these six elements, there is no necessity for special practice with regard to the remaining dhammas. If the nature of anicca (Impermanence) can be clearly realised,

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON BODHIPAKKIYA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf

q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

awmfrlaom

u©, d 'DyeD

KKHIYA DIPANI R S LEADING TO ENLIGHTENMENT y Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt.

o Tun, Late of The Indian Civil Service. &SdorQwdkYü "mwf 6-yg; ÓPftjrifaygufrIç tedpöÓPf tjrifaygufrIodkY a&mufMuukeaf omtcg xdw k &m;wdüYk pdwpf NJG rEJ ikd Mf uojzihf ynm\tpd;k & rItxl;udk odtyf\/ xdo k w l rYkd mS terw*¾oo H &mtpOfyg&Sí d vmcJah om pdwf\azmufjyefrIwdkYonf tpOftwkdif; waeYwjcm;ç wpfvwjcm;ç wpfESpfwjcm; aysmufuif;í oGm;ukef\/ azmufjyefrIwdkYqkdonfum;- tedpö"r®wdkYü edpö[lí azmufjyef pGv J rf; ½l;ESr;f rIç 'ku"© r®wüYkd okc[lí azmufjyefpv JG rf;½l;ESr;f rIç tewå"r® wdüYk twå[í l azmufjyefpv JG rf;½l;ESr;f rIç yk*Kd¾ vrf [kwo f nfwüYkd yk*Kd¾ v[ f l íç owå0gr[kwo f nfwüYkd owå0g[líç vlr[kwo f nfwüYkd vl[í l ç ewfodMum;-jA[®mr[kwfonfwdkYü ewf- odMum;- jA[®m[líç rdef;ra,musfm;- EGm;- uRJ- qif- jrif; r[kwfonfwdkYü rdef;r- a,musfm;EGm;- uR-J qif- jrif; [lí azmufjyefpv JG rf; ½l;ESr;f rIwu Ykd kd pdw\ f azmufjyef rI qdkownf;/ (xdkodkYaom pdwf½l;pdwfaemuf pdwfazmufjyefrIwdkYrS uRwfvGwf Muukeí f bk&m;omoemü trSeu f o kd rd üI pdwu f t kd pd;k &Muaom vlaumif; olaumif;jzpfMuavukef\[lvdkonf/) þü 'ku©opömudk trSefodjrifcJhvQif <uif;aom opöm 3-yg; wdu Yk kd odjrifrv I nf; Ny;D pD;awmhonf/ opömav;yg;wdu Yk kd odMu&mü ykxZk Of wdkYrSm tEkaAm"odwnf;/ t&d,mwdkYrSm y#da0"odwnf;/ nOfhtcgü rD;awmufudk wkduf½dkufrjrifaomfvnf; rD;tvif;udkjrifojzihf þXmeü qDrD;n§dxGef;vsuf&Sdonf[k twyfodonfum; tEkaAm"odrsdK;wnf;/ rD;awmufudk wdkuf½dkufjrifí odonfum; y#da0"odrsdK;wnf;/ ynd a È´ t csuf N yD ; \/ o'¨ d a È´ / / o'¨dÈ´d,H bma0wd? 0D&d,dÈ´d,H bma0wd? owdÈ´d,H bma0 wd? orm"dÈ´d,H bma0wd? yndÈ´d,Hbma0wd/ (orxtvkyBf u;D ç 0dyóemtvkyBf u;D udk vkyEf ikd Mf u&ef a&S;OD; pGmuyif wifu;l í £aÈB´ u;D ig;yg;udk Bu;D yGm;atmif arG;jrLxlaxmif&rnf [lí a[mawmfrlaom ygVdawmf/) rif ; rJ h w k d i f ; jynf þ£aÈ´BuD;ig;yg; yGm;rsm;rIr&Sdaomol\udk,fcE¨monf rif;rJh

the realisation of anatta (Impersonality) follows as a matter of course. The realisation of the nature of dukkha can be accomplished in its entirety only when one attains the stage of arahatta phala (Fruition of Holiness). Thus, after putting forth effort for lengthy periods, when insight is obtained into the nature of the six elements both within and without oneself, as well into the nature of their Impermanency, fixity of attention on them is achieved. This must be recognised as arising out of the predominant control exercised by pañña-. The unreliability that had been a feature of one's mind throughout past infinite samsa-ra, gradually disappears. Here, "unreliability of one's mind" means the perception of permanency in things that are impermanent, of happiness in suffering, of pleasantness in loathsomeness, of self in nonself, of individuals in non-individuals, of beings, of human in non-humans, of devas, sakka and brahma-s in non-devas,nonsakka, and non-brahmas, of women, men, bullocks, buffaloes, elephants, horses in non-women, non-men, non-bullocks, nonbuffaloes. non-elephants, and non-horses. Freedom from unreliability means perceiving the true reality after having obtained mastery over the mind within the Buddha Sa-sana. If dukkha-sacca or the Noble Truth of Suffering, be clearly perceived, it follows as a matter of course that the other three sacca can also be clearly perceived. In the perception of these four Truth, the way that puthujjanas perceive them is known as anubodha, while the way of the ariyas is known as pativedha. Anubodha knowledge is like seeing a light at night but not the fire. Although the fire cannot be directly seen, by seeing the reflected light, one can know without doubt that there is a fire. Seeing the fire directly is like pativedha knowledge. Saddhindriyam. bha-veti, Virindriyam. bha-veti, Satindriyam. bha-veti, Sama-dhindriyam. bha-veti, Paññindriyam. bha-veti.

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON BODHIPAKKIYA DIPANI

"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/

wkdif;jynfESihfwl\/ ttkyftcsKyfr&Sdaom t½dkif;tpdkif;wdkYae&m awm&Gm awmif&GmESihfwl\/ rif;rJhwkdif;jynfrnfonf w&m;r&Sd? pdwfxifwkdif; jyKusihfíaeMu\/ a&wd&pämef? ukef;wd&pämefwdkYuJhodkY Edkif&mEdkif&m owfjzwfvk,uf\/ xdkYtwl £aÈ´BuD; 5-yg;yGm;rsm;rIr&Sdaomol\ pdwfoEÅmefonf xifrdxif&m *a,muf*,ufESifh aeYç &ufç ESpfç v ukef\/ udavomwdkYonf aygufvTwfaomif;usef;í aeukef\/ tpdrf;ol&Jç wapöç rSifpm yl;uyfíaeaomol\teD;ü £wdyd aomç a[wkypöa,mwdu Yk kd &Gwq f cdk v hJ Qif xdo k t l m; em;rcHEikd f em;eihpf ;l í jzpfouJo h Ykd ypö,oaEÅmo (ypön;f av;yg;ü a&mih&f rJ )I pum;ç bm0em&rÇ (bm0emudk tm;xkwfrI) pum;rsm;udk ajymqdkcJhvQif xdkolwdkYonf em;ESvHk;eihfpl;0ifvsuf &SdMuukef\/ rvdkwrmpum;rsdK;udk ,kwåd&SmBuHí tjref x G u f q d k M uuk e f \ / oxrtvk y f ç 0d y óemtvk y f r sm;ud k tm;xkwfvdkaom pdwfqE´rsdK; tvsif;r&SdMuukef/ £aÈ´BuD; 5- yg;udk yG m ;rsm;rI & S d M uuk e f a omol w d k Y \ ud k , f c E¨ m onf w&m;&S d a om rif;tkypf ;kd aom wkid ;f jynfEiS w hf \ l / ttkyt f csKy&f adS om rZÑrd a'o NrKd UBu;D ç &GmBuD;rsm;ESihfwl\/ olajym vlajym emem0g' (txl;xl; taxGaxGaom t,l0g') twGufESihf pdwf*a,muf *,ufrjzpf? bk&m;tvkdawmfç a'oemtvd k a wmf w vrf ; ü pd w f c k d i f N rJ \ / ypö , oaEÅ m opum;ç bm0em&rÇ p um;rsm;ud k Mum;em&vQif Munf v if csrf ; ajrU&S d \ / orxtvk y f ç 0d y óemtvk y f r sm;ud k tm;xk w f v d k a om pdwfqE´tNrJwnf\/ £aÈ´ y G m ;rsm;jcif ; &S d - r&S d r I þodaYk vmuü pdwq f EÉpS rf sKd ;jzpfí aeMurIonf yk*Kd¾ vo f wå0g wdkY\ trIr[kwf? £aÈ´BuD;ig;yg;wdkYudk yGm;rsm;rI &Sd- r&Sd\ trIaywnf;/ yGm;rsm;rIr&Sdao;vQif pdwfwrsdK;ç qE´wrsdK;ç yGm;rsm;rI&SdcJhvQif xdkpdwfç xdq k E´rsKd ; uG,af ysmufí pdww f rsKd ;ç qE´wrsKd ;ajymif;wwfí vmNrw J nf;/ £aÈ´ 5-yg; tqihq f ifBh u;D yGm;í oGm;avav pdwq f E´tqifq h ifw h ;kd wuf í oGm;avavjzpfNrJwnf;/ £aÈ´BuD; 5-yg; pHkvifpGm xlaxmifrdaom tcgüum; ,aeYeufjzefyif r*fÓPfzdkvfÓPfudk tBuHjyKí vmvwåHU/ þodkY yuwdaomo'¨gç 0D&d,ç owdç orm"dç ynmwdkYESihfom pdwfcsíaeMuojzihf ao;Ekyfodrfzsif;íaeMuaom pdwfqE´rsdK;wdkYudk rdk;avmufeD;yg; BuD;yGm;wdk;wufí vmMuapjcif;iSm þ£aÈ´ 5-yg;udk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMu&rnf[lvdkonf/

The meaning of these Pal.i passages uttered by the Buddha is that the five indriyas (mental faculties) should be practised and developed in order to facilitate the great work of samatha and vipassana-. The aggregate that we call the body (khandha) of a person who has not developed these five indriyas is like a country without a ruler or king. It is like the forests and mountains inhabited by wild tribes where no administration exists. In a rulerless or kingless country, there is no law. There, the people are unrestrained. Like animals, the strong prey on the weak. In the same way, the mind of a person who has not developed the five indriyas is distracted, and runs riot with defilements. Just as a person possessed by evil sprits cannot bear to hear the sound of such verses as "itipiso" or "hetu paccayo", when persons without developed indriyas hear talks connected with the cause of contentment (paccaya santosa) or with the practice of mental development (bha-vana-rambha), they quickly discover antithetic criticisms. In them, the desire to exert themselves in the work of samatha and vipassana-, never arises. On the other hand, the khandha of a person who develops the five indriyas resembles a country ruled by a just and lawful king. It resembles the towns and hamlets of the (mid-country) where government administration exists. Such a person is not disturbed by the variegated theories of various persons. He is confirmed in the sole way of the Buddha's teachings. When such a person hears talks connected with the cause of contentment, or the practice of mental development, his mind is clear and cool. He is confirmed in the desire to exert himself in the work of samatha and vipassana-. In this way, the arising of two kinds of desires in this world is not the work of beings or individuals, but depends on the existence or otherwise of development of the indriyas. If there is no development of the indriyas, one kind of desire arises. If there is development of the indriyas of the indriyas, that desire disappears and a new kind of desire invariably appears. The more the development of the indriyas proceeds, the more does this new desire increase and gather strength. When all the five indriyas are set up, the desire for the Paths and Fruits will immediately appear. Thus must beings develop the five indriyas in order to raise pakati saddha-, v1-riya, sati, sama-dhi and pañña(which are insignificant) to great heights.

(o'¨dÈ´d,H bma0wd- tp&Sdaom ygVdawmfjrwf\ t"dyÜm,f) £aÈíg;yg;NyD;\/

(To Be Continue)

pmrsuf E S m 38 rS Y BuD ; teD ; wG i f atmuf y gausmif ; awmf B uD ; av;aqmifuv kd nf; Bu;D us,cf rf;em;pGm aqmuf vkyx f m;onf/ ]]ausmif ; aqmif B uD ; av;aqmif } } 1// yk A Á 0 d a '[ ausmif ; awmf 2/ ZrÁ L 'D y ausmif ; awmf 3/ ty&a*g,me ausmif ; awmf 4/ Owå & uk ½ k ausmif ; awmf q|oH*g,emwif r[m"r®yGJobif BuD;odkY wufa&mufMu&ef urÇmt&yf&yfrS <u

a&mufawmfrlvmMuukefaom oH*Dwdum&u &[ef;awmf t&Sifjrwfrsm;ESihf tm*EÅK{nhf onfawmfrax&fjrwfwYkd oDwif;oH;k aexdik af wmf rlMu&eftwGuf &nfoefaqmufvkyfxm;aom ausmif;aqmifBu;D rsm;jzpfojzihf xdak usmif;aqmif BuD;av;aqmif\trnfudk uRef;BuD;av;uRef; trnfjzihf toD;oD; bGJUwHqdyfcyfESdyfxm;jcif; jzpfwefaumif;&m\[k ,lqzG,yf if jzpfownf;/ oH * g,emwifyGJwGif yg0ifMunfndKqifETJcGifh uk o d k v f r ,l E d k i f c J h a omyk * ¾ d K vf t aygif ; tm;

MunfndKo'¨g yGm;rsm;Edkifap&ef &nfoefí wifjyvdkuf&ygonf/ usrf ; ud k ; a':tkef; (r[m0dZÆm) ygVdpmayXmerSL;) rEÅav;wuúodkvf? ygVdpmayordkif;? yd#uppfwrf; ud k a t;rif ; (yJ c l ; )

TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA "r®0D&onf Ak'¨\"r®w&m;awmf tppftrSefxGef;um;jyefhyGm;&efjzpfonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdk Y ü t&n0goDawm&yfrSDvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom

r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f a&;om;pD & if a wmf r l a o omm "ar® m 0g'uxm

omoemawmfBu;D \ a&aomufjrpfo;kH oG,f (omoemtyd k i f ; ) (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) twnf a y: tod x uf vu© P mtcsuf uG i f ; uG i f ; uG u f xdkorm"du psmeft*FgpHkwdkYjzihf tm½Hkwpfckwnf; wnfay;xm; pOf rSwfcsufwif;wif;jzihf todpdwfBuD; pdkufoGif;ay;vdkuf&m... xdodwdkYonf rnfonfhae&mrQ em;cGihfr&Muawmhyg/ tysufaemufysuf tzsufcHae&rIuvnf; roufomvSyg/ &dycf eJ&dS &dycf eJaysmufoabm\ taiGUtoufavmufrQomyg/ ¤if;oHk;rsKd;wdkYudk usrf;xGufpum;rsm;jzihf xkwfqdkjy&aomf... ½kyef mrfwYkd wnfoavmuf tysuaf emufcsn;f ygaejcif;aMumihf ]tedp}ö -rNr/J ½kyfemrfwdkYtwGif;u zsuf? tjyifuzsuf? tzsufcsnf;cHae& jcif;aMumihf 'ku©/ ½kyef mrfwYkd uHt&Sed ?f pdwt f &Sed ?f Owktm[m&wdYk t&Sed rf Q jzpfae jcif;aMumihf ]tewå}/ odkYr[kwf ta&rwif tzwfr& oabmoufoufrQ/ þor®oeÓPft&mü.. ½kyfemrfwdkY\ xdkodkYaom twGif;udpöoabmESihf obm0rsm onf rMunhfcsifrStqHk; rjrifcsifrStqHk; w½kef;½kef;yif &Sdacsonf/ xdkodkYaom vu©PmtoGif tjrif&Sdaomolü umrpdwfESihf umr tm½Hk rnfodkYvQif uyfcGihfomygtHhenf;/ vu©Plypsmef [kefpD;vsufu "r®tm½Hkbuf ul;xGufaernf om/ xdkodkY vu©Plypsmef tjrifoefavaomtcg.... ½lypsmefüwnfaom ]oDvukov dk w f &m;rsm;} tjrwfpm; tjzpf wdk;yGm;vsufuom/ ½lypsmefüwnfaom ]orm"duo k v dk w f &m;rsm;} tjrwfpm;tjzpf wdk;yGm;vsufuom/ ½lypsmefüwnfaom ]ynmukov kd w f &m;rsm;} tjrwfpm; tjzpf wdk;yGm;vsufuom/ ÓPftodZmwf psmefzed yf wyfqifay;xm;aom vljrwfwnf;/ O',AÁ Ó Pf E S i h f 'k w d , psmef yDwdokcwdkYonf O',AÁÓPftqihfü ydkíxif&Sm;\/ yDwdokconf O',AÁÓPf a&mufavolü cHpm;tyfaom t&m[lí bk&m; &Sif ("r®y'0,f) rdefYawmfrlcJhonf r[kwfavm/ þÓPftqihfonf psmefpwkw¬enf;t& wGufaomf 'kwd, psmef (yDwdokc {u*¾wm oHk;yg;wdkY BuD;pdk;aeaompsmef) pdwfrsm; udef;

vsuf wnf&Sdaeaom ÓPft&myifjzpf\/ þum; igwdkYoabmus cGJjyxm;jcif;rQom/ aus;Zl;&Sif r[mpnfq&mawmfb&k m;Bu;D cGjJ yxm;aom ÓPfrS psmefceJG nf;udv k nf; oav’cokww f &m;awmf0,f &SmazGMunhMf uygacsO;D / þÓPftqihfrSpí ½IuGufESihf rSwfpdwfwdkY twGJrdap&ef wm0ef,lMu&aom 0dwufESihf 0dpm&psmeft*FgESpfyg;wdkYonf.... 0ifrIxGufrIrsm;\ tajcwnfump q,fcsuf q,fhig;csufrQ udkom 0if 0ifoGm;NyD;? xGuf xGufvmonfjzihf rSwf&may;vdkufMu\/ xdkrSaemufwGifum; ½IuGufESihf rSwfpdwfwdkYonf ¤if;wdkYtcsif; csif; ]ESpfudk,fhwpfpdwf} yrmjzpfysufjrif tMunfqdkuf ESpfESpfNcdKufNcdKuf Bu;D vdu k zf ufae&awmhum; 0dwuf 0dpm&psmeft*FgESpyf g; tem;yif oDciG fh r&MuNyD/ jzpf&dyfysuf&dyfwdkYonf &dyfceJ &dyfceJ tvGefvsifjref\/ yDwdokcwdkYonf vdIif;xufavSpD;aeonfyrm vdkufygae\/ {u*¾wmpdww f v Ykd nf; bmudrk QrrI wpfcq k kd wpfck ½Ioad eawmh \/ xdk(wpfckwnf;odkY) wnf; pdwfBuD;xGm;vmoavmuf ESpfouftm;&oabmusaejcif;yDwdtm;? udk,fpdwfESpfcef; ryifyef;jcif;okctm;rsm;vnf; wpfrk[kwfcsif; BuD;xGm;vm\/ xdktm;rsm;aMumihfyif.... odpdwfpifMu,f tvif;a&mifrsm; ay:xGufvmjcif;? aysmf&Tif csrf;ajrUjcif;? pdwfudk vdkovdkxm;Ekdifvmjcif;ponf ur®|mef;orm;wdkY oGm;&nf,dkp&mudk;rsKd;rsm;vnf; ay:xGef;vmacsawmh\/ ¤if;wdkYudk om,mrdu jrifaeus jzpf&dyfysuf&dyfrsm; uG,fy\/ 0dyóem\ npfnL;aMumif; ab;&efrsm;yifwnf;/ þüay:xGef;vmaom tvif;a&mifrsm;onf yDwdtm;\ aumif;vGefvGef;aomaMumihf ay:xGef;vmaom tvif;a&mifrsm;yifjzpfMu\/ aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUjcif;rsm;vnf; yDwdpktm; aMumihfyif ausmif;'umBuD; temxydPf\ bk&m;&Sifzl;awGU&awmhrnf jzpfí udk,frSjzpfaom tvif;a&mifrsKd;yrm rSwfom;xm;&m\/ ,if; yDwdtm; aumif;vGef;aom tcsKdUa,m*Drsm;um; or®oe ÓPftqihfuwnf;uvnf; ay:xGef;vmavh&Sdao; \/ pdwf0,frqHhudk,fwGif;ysHUESHUum jyifytxdvnf; xGufjyLvm wwfMuao;\/ wpf z ef pd w f u d k v d k o vd k tpd k ; &xm;Ek d i f j cif ; ? psmef p d w f u d k axmufyHhxm;jcif;ponfaemuf ajcmufrsKd;wdkYum; {u*¾wmpsmef t*Fg

TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA

"r®0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/

BuD;txl;tm;BuD;vm&mrSyif jzpfMu\/ ¤if;wdkYudk rom,maomf 0dyóempdwf rnpf/ ¤if;wdkYudk om,mrdacsaomf 0dyóemZmwf npfypf\/ ¤if;udk;rsKd;wdkYum; þÓPf yGihfxGef;olwdkif; ay:pNrJ wnf;/ yDwdokc {u*¾wmwdkY pdwfBudKufvGefYvl;wdkif; uGefYjrL;MupNrJ wnf;/ ½k y f e mrf j zpf y suf wG J v suf ½ I r S ½l y psmef ½lypsmefqdkonfrSm ½kyef mrfEpS yf g; jzpfysuw f u Ykd kd ½Ipm;vsuu f ed0&P twm;rsm;udk ausmv f mT ;oGm;jcif;? udavomtyGm;rsm;udk zsucf sxm;cJjh cif;oabmudyk if qdk\/ odkYaMumihf tvif;a&mif ponfpdwfwGif;jzpf t&mrsm;odkYcsnf; pdwfOD; rvSnhfaprlí rdrd\ ½Iaeus ½IuGufwGif;&Sd ½kyfjzpfysuf emrfjzpfysufwdkY\ jzpf&dyfysuf&dyf jzpfpOf edrdwfodkYom pdwfpdkufay;&m\/ þonfyif vrf;rSm;rS vrf;rSefokdY cGJxGufay;vdkufjcif;wnf;/ þonfyif 0dyóempdwfnpf aq;aMumypfvdkufjcif;wnf;/ þÓPfonf vrf;rSm; vrf;rSefoefYpif&ef r*¾gr*¾ÓP'óe 0do'k [ ´d í l qdo k jzihf awmifawmiftt D D wpfarQmw f pfac: awG;,lraeoih/f jzpfysufpk om,maerIrS jzpfysufpk uyf½Iay;jcif;rQomwnf;/ xdkodkYom.... ½Iaeus½IuGuf pl;pdkufrIxufxufjzifh uyfvsufu rSwfwif ay;aomf ay:NrJwdkif; jzpf&dyfysuf&dyfwdkYonf rdk;wdrfyg;av;rsm; avxJ0,f ajy;vTm;aeonfhyrm pmrsuf E S m 13 rS 2/ pum;yef ; rsm; yG i h f w J h v ? 3/ 0d o mcgeu© w f e J Y pef ; ,S O f N yD ; jynh f w J h v ? 4/ wH i g wm&mxG e f ; wJ h v ? 5/ jrefrm em&D aeY 32 em&DeJY n 28 em&Dom&SdwJh v? 6/&uf p H k o wf w J h v ?e*g;acgif ; taemuf a jrmuf r S m prf ; jyif ? awmif c G i f ausmom;? NrD ; zsm;a&S U od k Y x m;wJ h v ? 7/ pae? Mumoyaw;? &uf & mZm Ak ' ¨ [ l ; aomMum jyó'g;jzpf w J h v ? 8/ ae&d y f E S p f z 0g;eJ Y rG e f ; wnf h onf h v ? Nyd ó &moD trnf w G i f w J h v zG m ;zuf a wmf (7) OD ; zG m ;wJ h v &,f v d k Y rS w f o m;zl ; ygw,f / tJ ' D v d k pum;yef ; rsm;yG i h f N yD ; aAm"d j rwf u d k a&oG e f ; avmif;wJh taMumif; udk ukef;abmif acwfpmqdk&Sif OD;MuifOu vjrwfuqkef&JU 0daootjzpf waphwapmif; tuJpyfum a&;pyfjcif; jyKcJhjyefwmuawmh]oif ; ajreJ Y B ud K if pum;a&T 0 geJ Y anmif oD ' ga&awm foGef;csdefrdkY &Tef;a0vdkY vdIif.../ NrdKifjrpfpHk ,rHkcygwJh jynftr& r@dKif? c½dkife,f wpf0dkif;? odkYcsdefqD &ihfusL; yÍö*ÐESihf wdrfyef;csDayG vd k Y a&;ayvd r f h aq;&ih f j ymvd I i f ; ...} &,f v d k Y uAsmoD N yD ; a&;cJhjyefygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk txl;xl;aom 0daoorsm;eJY jynhfpHkvSwJh vjrwf uqkerf mS Ak'b ¨ mom0if olawmfpiftaygif;wdu Yk a0ae,sowå0grsm;udk ab;b,ma0;uG m NyD ; at;jrMuygapaMumif ; anmif a &avmif ; NyD ;

av,mOfBuD;jywif;0rS ajrjyifp iHkYMunhfae&onfhyrm? tjref&xm;BuD;twGif;rS ab;jrifuGif; vSrf;Munhfonfh yrm/ &dyfceJ &dyfceJjzihf wzGm;zGm;wvSyfvSyfudkom jrif&&m\/ wpfcsuaf y: wpfcsurf w S t f jzpf owdtodwYkd uyfciG yfh if rom Ny/D tjzpfjref tysufjref jzpfaeawmhí owduvdkufrrDcJhaomf xdjk zpfysurf sm;udk rsuaf jcrjywf odoad e½Hak v;rQ toduyfxm; jcif;/ owdjzihf rSwv f u kd vnf; rdoavmufuo kd m vdu k rf w S af y;jcif;/ xdkenf;ESpfrsKd; wpfrsKd;wpfrsKd;oHk;í pnf;vHk;ay;xm;ygav/ tu,fww d d rrDrurf;jzihf owdu vdu k v f rH w S rf ad eygaomf.. vdIif;pD;ruRrf;usifol avSavSmf&if; acgif;rl;a&m*g&yrm jzpfwwf\/ rnfrQyifjrefqefap... acgif;at;at; pdwftxdkifususxm; oHk;oyf½Ipm;tm;u aumif;rGefvmaomfum;? ½ly'kwd,psmefüwnfaom oDvukokdvfw&m;rsm; xGef;um; vmonfom? ½ly'kwd,psmefüwnfaom orm"dukokdvfw&m;rsm; xGef;um; vmonfom? ½ly'kw, d psmefüwnfaom ynmukov kd w f &m;rsm; yGiu fh m;vm onfom/ umrxufpGm tjrwfxuftjrwf wufvmjcif;wnf;/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

qkawmif;Muwmuawmh ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmu ay:aygufvmcJhwJh tavh txrdkY tvGefw&maumif;jrwfwJh tpOftvm ygyJ&Sif.../ 'gayr,f h onf r QeJ Y y J uqk e f v &J U taMumif ; jcif ; &mud k &yfwefrY xm;bJ 'Duqkef v[mjzihf Ak'j¨ rwfpmG eJY ywfoufNy;D ta&;tyg qHk; txl;jcm;qHk; 0daooeJY jynhfpHkwJhvqdkwm eufeufeJeJ awG;MuNyD; aus;Zl;awmftpHk *kPf awmfteEÅESihf jynhfpHkawmfrlwJh bk&m;&Sifudk tm½Hkxifxif jrifatmifzl;ajrmfMuwJh tcgrSm bk&m;&Sif&JU yHko@ef[m wpfpHkwpfOD;&JU tusKd; udkaqmifNyD; a[majymqHk;raeyHk? a&Ttqif;uJh od k Y 0g0if ; aom ud k , f a wmf ? tmZmenf a,musf m ; yD o vd k Y awmif h w if ; cd k i f r mwJ h u d k , f a wmf ? BuD ; rm; vG e f ; wJ h ÓPf a wmf e J Y arwå m u½k P mawmf x m; vd k Y csKd o mawmf r l w J h toH a wmf ? ttm;aecsdefr&Sd bJ vlewfjA[®mowå0gwdkYudk w&m;a[mawmfrl aeyHk y&dedAÁmefpH0ifawmfrlqJrSmyif owå0gwdkY\ tusKd;pD;yGm;udktvdk&SdyHkpwm pwmawGudk tpOf atmufarhum Ak'¨bk&m;&Sif\ aus;Zl;awmfudk azmfusL;vsufMunfndKo'¨gyGm;aeMu&r,fh vjrwfwpfyg;jzpfaMumif;udk vnf; xyfavmif;í owday;ajymMum;vdkuf&ygw,f&Sif/ aomw&S i f t aygif ; ouf & S n f u sef ; rm b,muif ; vk d Y csrf;omjcif;ESihf jynhfpHkMuygap&Sif rS w f c suf = toH v T i h f o nh f t wd k i f ; pum;ajymovd k a&;xm;ygonf/ ,k 0 wD a &T 0 gpd e f

COVER SPECIAL FEATURES "r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/ rsuf E S m zk H ; pmrS uk r Ç a Cmou aoaX;0w¬ K a0VK0efausmif;awmfü oDwif;oH;k aeawmfrpl Of? ukraÇ Cmou aoaX;om;tm;taMumif;jyKí? jrwfpmG bk&m;ocifonf þokwEå yÅ #d u ck'u ´ edum,? "r®y'ygVdawmf? tyÜrm'0*fvm? ukraÇ CmouaoaX;0w¬K? ygVdawmf*gxmtrSwf-24udk a[mMum;awmfrlygonf/ *gxm (24)/ / OXme0awm owD r awm? ok p d u r® ó ed o r® u m&d a em/ onwó "r® Z D 0 d a em? tyÜ r wå ó ,aombd 0 ¹wd / wpf&Haomtcgu ukoír&Edkifaom ul;pufwwfonhf uyf a&m*gwpfrsdK;onf &mZN*dK[fNrdKUawmfBuD;wGif usa&mufESdyfpufav\/ &mZN*dK[faoaX;BuD;\aetdrfwGif ¤if;a&m*gqdk;BuD;usa&mufí tapcH wpfO;D OD;pGmaoqH;k oGm;av\/ aoaX;Bu;D ESifh aoaX;uawmfBu;D wdo Yk nf vnf; ¤if;a&m*gqdk;BuD; ul;pufjzpfyGm;cHMu&av\/ rdbESpfOD;pvHk; tqdkyga&m*gqdk;BuD;ul;pufjzpfyGm;jcif;cHMu& aomtcg om;jzpfol ukrÇaCmoutm;? þtdrfrSvGwfajrmuf&mt&yf qDoYkd tjrefq;kH xGucf mG oGm;a&mufNy;D ? a&m*gb,rsm; uif;pifaumif;rGef onht f csed u f mv twefMumrS jyefvm&efEiS ?fh rdrw d Ykd od0k u S jf rK§ yEf o HS rd ;f qnf; xm;aom ypön;f Opöm&wemuka#av;q,fw\ Ykd xm;od&k mvQKd U0Suaf e&m udkyg ajymjyNyD;aemuf rdbESpfOD;pvHk; uG,fvGefoGm;av\/ xdpk Oftcgu ukraÇ Cmouonf t&G,rf a&mufi,fao;aomf vnf;? rdbrsm;ñTefMum;onhftwkdif; xdkNrdKUudkpGefYcGmNyD; a&m*gb, ab;uif;vHNk cKH &m awmt&yfwpfae&mod?Yk 12-ESpw f ikd w f ikd f oGm;a&mufae xdkifcJhNyD;onhfaemuf rdrd\Zmwd&mZN*dK[fNrdKUodkY jyefvmcJhav\/ xdkodkYjyefvmcJhonhftcsdefwGif? ukrÇaCmouonf vlysdKayguf t&G,fa&mufvmonhftavsmuf ½kyftqif;oP²mefvnf;ajymif;? t&yf tarmif;uvnf; aumif;vmonfjzpfí? &mZN*dK[fNrdKUrS rnfolwpfOD; wpfa,mufurQ ¤if;udk rrSwrf Md uay/ ukraÇ Cmou uvnf; rnfou Yl rkd Q rrSwfrdawmhay/ ukrÇaCmouonf rdbESpfyg;ñTefMum;cJhonhftwdkif; ypön;f Opöm&wemuka#av;q,fwYkd vQKd U0Suo f rd ;f qnf;xm;od&k mae&modYk oGm;a&mufMunh½f aI v\/ ypön;f Opöm&wemwdo Yk nf ajc&mvuf&mrysuf e*dkrlvtwkdif; tjynhftpHkyif&Sdonfudk awGU&\/ odkYaomfvnf; ukrÇaCmouudk &mZN*dK[faoaX;om;jzpfrSef; rnfou l rQ rodMuojzih?f ,cktcsed w f iG f ,if;uka#av;q,faom ypön;f Opö m &wemwd k Y u d k xk w f , l o H k ; pG J y gu rd r d t m; omref o l q if ; &J o m; wpfa,muftaejzihf ajrwGi;f rS&wemrsm;udk rawmfwqawGU&SNd y;D azmf,l oHk;pGJaejcif;jzpfonf[kqdkum? jrifoltrsm;wdkYu bk&ifrif;xH oHawmfOD; wifavQmufxm;Murnfomjzpfonf/ xkdodkY jzpfonf&Sdaomf rdrd\ypönf;Opöm&wemwdkYudk rif;\ b@mawmftjzpf odrf;qnf;cH&ayvdrhfrnf/ vludkvnf; tMurf;zuf ESdyfpufí zrf;qD;csKyfaESmifMuayvdrfhrnf/ xdkYaMumihf ,cktcsdeftcgwGif ¤if;ypönf;&wemwdkYudk xkwfazmfoHk;pGJ&ef roifhao;[k ukrÇaCmou u qHk;jzwfvkduf\/ ukrÇaCmouonf tcsdeftcgESihf tajctaeudk rSefuefpGm oHk;oyfítoHk;csEdkifoljzpf\/ rdbtarGudk tacsmifxdkifpm;vdkolvnf; r[kwf/ rdrd\cGeftm;jzihf w&m;ESihftnD vkyfudkifí&aom vkyfief;rS& onhf tcaMu;aiGonfomvQif enf;onfjzpfap? rsm;onfjzpfap? rGejf rwfpifMu,faom ypön;f Opömrnf\/ toufarG;rIonfvnf; w&m;ESifh

Kumbhaghosakaset.t.hi Vatthu While residing at the Vel.uvana monastery, the Buddha uttered Verse-24 of Suttanta Pitaka, Khuddaka Nika-ya, THE DHAMMAPADA, Mindfulness (Appama-dav)(agga), with reference to Kumbhaghosaka, the banker. Verse: 24-Utthanavato satimato, sucikammassa nisamma ka-rino; Saññatassa dhammaji vino, appamattassa yaso bhivad.d.hati. At one time, a plague epidemic broke out in the city of Ra-jagaha. In the house of the city banker, the servants died on account of this disease; the banker and his wife were also attacked by the same. When they were both down with the disease they told their young song Kumbhaghosaka to leave them and flee from the house and to return only after a long time. They also told him that at such and such a place they had buried a treasure worth forty crores. The son left the city and stayed in a forest for twelve years and then came back to the city. By that time, he was quite a grown up youth and nobody in the city recoginzed him. He went to the place where the treasure was hidden and found it was quite intact. But he reasoned and realized that there was no one who could identify him and that if he were to unearth the buried treasure and make use of it people might thinks a young poor man had accidentally come upon buried treasure and they might report it to the king. In that case, his property would be confiscated and himself might be manhandled or put in captivity. So he concluded it was not yet time to unearth the treasure and that mean while he must find works for his living. Dressed in old clothes Kumbhaghosaka looked for work. He was given the work of waking up and rousing the people to get up early in the morning and of going round announcing that it was time to prepare food, time to fetch carts and yoke the bullocks, etc. One morning, King Bimbisa-ra heard him. The king who was a keen judge of voice commented. "This is the voice of a man of great wealth" A maid, hearing the king's remark, sent someone to investigate. He reported that the youth was only a hireling of the labourers, In spite of this report the king repeated the same remark on two subsequent days. Again, enquires were made but with the same result. The maid thought that this was very strange, so she asked the king to give her permission to go and personally investigate. Disguised as rustics, the maid and her daughter set out to the place of the labourers. Saying that they were travellers, they asked for shelter and were given accommodation in the house of Kumbhaghosaka just for one night. However, they managed to prolong their stay there. During that period, twice the king proclaimed that a certain ceremony must be performed in the locality of the labourers, and that every household must make contributions. Kumbhaghosaka has no ready cash for such an occasioin. So he was forced to get some coins (Kaha-pan.as) from his treasure. As these coins were handed over to the maid, she substitunted them with her money and sent the coins to the king.

COVER SPECIAL FEATURES

"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

avsmfaom toufarG;rIrnf\/ tb,faMumihfqdkygaomf xdkaiG? xdkvkyf ief;? xdktoufarG;rIonf rdrdwdkY\ rlvwefzdk;tay:ü? olawmfaumif; Opöm &wemckepfyg;wd\ Yk odum© wefz;kd u tvdt k avsmufvrT ;f NcKH aygif;pyf yg0ifaeaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ þuJhodkY ukrÇaCmouonf ,HkMunf\/ xdaYk Mumihf ukraÇ Cmouonf t0wfta[mif;rsm;udk vJv, S f 0wfqifí? &yf&mG wGi;f ü ]]aqmfMool edAmÁ efaqmf}} tvkyu f kd pwifvyk u f ikd f av\/ ]]aqmfMool edAÁmefaqmf}} tvkyfqdkonfrSm? eHeufapmapmxí aumif;rIjyKMurnhfukodkvf&SifwdkYtm; qGrf;csuf&eftcsdefa&mufNyDjzpf aMumif;? awmifolv,form;? udkif;orm;wdkYtm; vkyfief;cGifqif;Mu&ef EGm;jyifvSnf;jyifEdkifMu&ef tcsdefa&mufNyDjzpfaMumif; vkdufvHatmf[pf EdI;aqmf&aomvkyfief;jzpf\/ xdkvkyfief;vkyf&mü tcaMu;aiGtaejzihf aep&mtdrfwpfvHk;vnf;&\/ pm;p&m? pm;a&&du©mvnf;&\/ &yfuGuf upkaygif;axmufyHhjcif;jzpf\/ usef&Sdaomtcsdefrsm;wGif ukrÇaCmou onf awmwufí pD;yGm;&Smav\/ wpfaeYaomeHeufcif;wGif ukrÇaCmou\ eHeufapmapm [pfatmfa<u;ausmfaom edAÁmefaqmftoHudk &mZN*dK[fjynfh&Sif AdrÁdom& rif;BuD;Mum;vkduf&mrS? xdktoH&SifESihfpyfí þodkYaumufcsufjyKrdefYMum; vkdufav\/ ]]'DtoH[m? ypönf;Opömrsm;pGm<u,f0csrf;omwJha,musfm; wpfa,muf&JUtoHjzpfw,f..}} xdpk Ofrif;Bu;D \tyg;ü&Sad eaom armif;rwpfa,mufu rif;Bu;D \ aumufcsufjyKrdefYMum;onfudk Mum;vkduf&onfESihf rif;vkvif wpfa,mufudk ukrÇaCmou\ aemufodkYvkdufvHí Munhf½Iap&m? ,if;ukraÇ Cmouonf txD;usev f ufvyk v f ufpm; olqif;&Jwpfa,muf om jzpfygaMumif;jzihf jyefvnfavQmufwif\/ rif;BuD; qdwfqdwfae \/ odkYaomf 'kwd,aeYü ukrÇaCmou atmf[pfEdI;aqmfaomtcgwGif vnf; rif;Bu;D onf xdak umufcsupf um;udyk if xyfíqd\ k / wwd,aeYü vnf; ukrÇaCmou EdI;aqmfoHudk Mum;&jyefaomtcg rif;BuD;onf xdak umufcsupf um;udyk if xyfírdejYf yef\/ armif;rvnf; rif;csi;f vkvif tm; xyfrHí taotcsmpHkprf;avhvmapjyefaomtcgtajzrSm yxr twkdif;yifxGufav\/ xdaYk Mumifh armif;ronf ukraÇ CmouESifh ywfoufí rdru d , kd f wdkif xGufcGmoGm;a&mufpHkprf;cGihfjyKyg&ef rif;BuD;tm; avQmufxm;\/ rif;BuD;uvnf; cGijfh yK\/ p&dwpf utjzpf toH;k jyK&ef tojymwpfaxmif udkvnf; rif;BuD;u armif;rtm;ay;vkduf\/ ukrÇaCmouudk pHkprf;&ef armif;ronf rdrd\orD;ESifhtwl? c&D;oGm;olqif;&Jom;trdtoGifaqmifí ukrÇaCmouaexdkif&m &yfuGufodkYoGm;\/ rdrdwdkYrSm &yfa0;c&D;oGm;rsm;jzpfí ukrÇaCmou\ aetd r f ü wpf a eY w pf n wmrQwnf ; cd k a exk d i f c G i f h j yK&ef arwå m &yf c H awmif;yefajymMum;Muav\/ aemufq;kH ü ukraÇ Cmouuvnf; xdck &D; oGm; om;trdtm; rdrd\aetdrfwGif wnf;cdkcGifhjyKvkdufav\/ rnfoyYkd ifjzpfap xdo k m;trdonf ukraÇ Cmou\aetdrw f iG f ¤if;wdkY\tBuHtpnfratmifjrifrcsif; aexkdifoGm;Mu&ef pDrHxm;NyD;jzpf \/ eef;wGif;olarmif;rBuD;onf ukrÇaCmou\ Zmwd½kyfudk ray:ay: atmif azmfxw k &f efBupH nfxm;Ny;D jzpfonf/ bk&ifrif;Bu;D \ aumufcsuf jyK rdefYMum;csufrSefuefaMumif; oufaojyEdkif&efta&;BuD;\/ xdkeef;wGif;ol armif;rBuD;onf rdrdwdkYawGY odae&aomjzpfpOf rsm;udk taxmufawmfrsm;rSwqihf rif;BuD;xHavQmufwifvkduf\/ xd k Y t jyif uk r Ç a Cmouwd k Y a exk d i f & m Nrd K U&G m &yf u G u f ü

After sometimes, she sent a message to the king asking him to send some men and summon Kumbhaghosaka to the court. Kumbhaghosaka, very reluctantly, went along with the men. The maid and her daughter also went to the palace, ahead of them. At the palace, the king told Kumbhaghosaka to speak out the truth and gave him assurance that he could not be harmed on this account. Kumbhaghosaka then admitted that those Kaha-pan.as were his and also that he was the son of the city banker of Rajagaha, who die in the plague epidemic twlve years ago. He further revealed the place where the treasure was hidden. Subsequently, all the buried treasure was brought to the palace, the king made him a banker and gave his daughter in marriage to him. Afterward, taking Kumbhaghosaka along with him, the king went to the Buddha at the Vel.uvana monastery and told him how the youth, though rich, was earning his living as hireling of the labourers, and how he had appointed the youth a banker. Then the Buddha spoke in verse as follows: Verse 24: If a person is energetic, pure in his thought, word and deed, and if he does everything with care and consider ation, restrained his senses, earns his living accord ing to the law (Dhamma) and is not unneedful, then, the fame and fortune of that mindful person steadily increase. At the end of the discourse, Kumbhaghosaka attained Sota-patthi Fruition. (A complete translation of the Suttata Pitaka, khuddaka Nika-ya, THE DHAMMAPADA, Mindfulness (Appama-da vagga, Verse-24, Kumbhaghosakaset. t. hi Vatthu, The Story of Kumbhaghosaka, the Banker.) Nyain Chan Oo

tdrfwdkif;tdrfwkdif; yGJvrf;obifrsm; qif,ifusif;y&rnfjzpfaMumif;? tu,f í rusif ; yvQif þrnf a om rif ; jypf r if ; 'Pf o if h a p &rnfjzpfaMumif; trdefYxkwfqihfay; yg&efvnf; avQmufxm;vkduf\/ ¤if;ud, k v f yk af wmfarmif;ravQmufwif onht f wkid ;f rif;Bu;D u ¤if;NrKd U&Gm&Sd aetdrfwkdif;u yg0ifusif;yMu&ef trdefYawmfxkwfqihfvkduf\/ bk&ifrif;BuD;trdefYawmftwdkif; yGJvrf;obifusif;yEdkif&ef eef;wGi;f olarmif;rBu;D u ukraÇ Cmoutm; aiG&mS ckid ;f av\/ ukraÇ Cm ou uvnf; olrY mS aiGr&Sad Mumif;jzihf jyefajym&m rif;\trdeu Yf kd vGeq f ef ír&aMumif;/ tu,fí udk,fydkifaiGr&SdvQif acs;iSm;íyifvkyf&rnfjzpf aMumif;/ acs;iSm;ívkyv f Qif aemifjyefqyfí&Edik af Mumif;? rif;jypfrif;'Pf cH&ygu b0wpfavQmufvHk; zsufr&aomtrJpufxifaevdrhfrnfjzpf aMumif;/ xdkYaMumifh aiG&atmif &Edkifonhfenf;jzihf r&&atmif &Sm&rnf jzpfaMumif;? xko d &Ykd mS &mwGiv f nf; 'kp½du k ef nf;jzihf &Sm&rnfr[kwaf Mumif;? tu,fí 'kp½dkufenf;jzihf&Smygu aemufxyfrif;trdefYudk vGeYf&ma&muf rnfjzpfaMumif;jzihf? eef;wGif;olarmif;rBuD;u ukrÇaCmoutm; aiG&Sm &ef wdkufwGef;ajymMum;av\/ ukrÇaCmouwGif bk&ifhtrdefYawmft& yGJvrf;obifcH&ef ud, k yf ikd af iGtqifoifrh &Sjd zpfae\/ xdaYk Mumifh ukraÇ Cmouonf rdbrsm; xm;odck ahJ om tarGuak #av;q,fxrJ S oihaf vsmo f avmuf,í l eef;wGi;f olarmif;rBu;D tm; ay;tyfvu dk \ f / armif;rBu;D u xdak iGukd rif;Bu;D xHoYkd qufovku d Nf y;D yGv J rf;obifcif;usi;f &eftwGuf ukeu f srnhaf iGukd ¤if;u

COVER SPECIAL FEATURES "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/

b 0 a& pkef a& qef

27 ynmEG , f ( {&majr-"Ek j zL)

jznhfNyD; urf;eJYwlwJhedAÁmefa&Tjynfudka&mufatmif ul;jycJhygw,f/ b0a&pkefc&D;rSm urf;qdkwmr&Sdygbl;? urf;udka&mufcsif&if b0a&qefc&D;udk oGm;& ygvdrhfr,f/ 'gudk owå0gawGodapzdkYtwGuf ok a r"m&S i f & aoh u 'D y uF & mjrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f & J U ajcawmf & if ; rS m bk&m;qkudk yefcJhwmyg/ b0 a&pkefarsmaewJhowå0gawGudk q,f,l u,fwif EdkifzdkY okar"m&Sif&aohb0rSm a0óEÅ&mrif;BuD; b0txd yg&rD a wmf a wG jznh f u sih f q nf ; yl ; cJ h & wJ h t"d u &nf & G , f c suf [ m rdru d , kd w f ikd f b0a&pkerf S uif;vGwEf idk rf eS ;f odaomfvnf; owå0g rSeo f rQukd b0a&pkefu vGwfapEdkifzdkY r[m u½kPmawmf jzpfcJhygw,f/ owå0gwdkY&JUpdwf[m raumif;rIbufrSm aysmfarGUw,fwJh/ 'g[mwu,ht f rSew f &m;ygyJ/ ,aeYurÇmeJ, Y OS Nf y;D oH;k oyfMunhrf ,fq&kd if ]b0udk a&pkefrarsmygeJY} qdkwJhpum;&yfwpf&yf&Sdygw,f/ olawmfaumif;w&m;xGe;f um;wJEh ikd if aH wGenf;Ny;D raumif;rI'pk ½du k w f &m; 'Dpum;&yfudk rdrdem;vnfrdoavmuf t"dyÜm,fzGihf&&if owå0gawG xGef;um;wJhEdkifiHawGu ydkrsm;wmawGU&rSmyg/ 'DtcsufuyJ raumif;rI oH;k q,hw f pfbrkH mS vSnyfh wfjzpfwnfae&wJh oabmudk a&pkeaf rsmjcif;vdYk bufrSm owå0gawG&JUpdwf[m aysmfarGUw,fqkdwm awG;MunhfwmeJY zGihfqdkcsifw,f/ [kwfygw,f/ owå0gawG[m oHk;q,hfwpfbHk a&pkefrSm jrifEikd yf gw,f/ tJ'rD aumif;rIrmS aysmw f wfwphJ w d af Mumifh owå0gawG b0 arsmygaeMu&wmudk b,folrS rodcJhMuygbl;/ oHo&mb0awGudk a&pkef oHk;q,hfwpfbHkrSm usifvnfaeMu&wm r[kwfygvm;/ owå 0 gawG u owd r rl c J h M uayr,h f ok a r"m&S i f & aoh u awmh olawmfaumif;w&m;udk yGm;rsm;tm; xkwfNyD;aewJholawGus txl;owdrrl cd w hJ ,f/ 'ghaMumifv h J b0a&pkerf mS arsmygaewJo h wå0gawGukd awmh b0a&qefjyefNy;D wufwo hJ lvq Ykd ckd siyf gw,f/ olawmfaumif; w&m; u,fwifvrf;jyay;EdkifzdkY av;oacsFeJY urÇmwpfodef;wkdif yg&rDawmf eJY rolawmfw&m; rwlovdk b0a&pkefeJY b0 a&qefESpfrsdK;[mvJ pdkufvkdufav\/ umvtwefMumaomtcg ukrÇaCmoutm; ac:,lppfar; &ef rif;BuD;xHodkY armif;rBuD;xHrS avQmufwifcsufay;ydkYvkduf\/ rif;BuD; \trdefYawmft& rif;csif;vkvifwdkYvnf; ukrÇaCmoudk ac:aqmif&ef qkdufa&mufvm\/ ukrÇaCmouvnf; rif;ESihfywfoufaom tjypf wpfpHkwpf&mr&Sdojzihfqifhac:&modkYrvkdufvdkaMumif; jiif;qef\/ odkY&m wGif rif;\trdet Yf wkid ;f rif;vkvifrsm;u ukraÇ Cmouudk tEdik t fh xuf jyKNyD; eef;awmfodkYac:aqmifoGm;Mu\/ eef;wGif;olarmif;rom;trdwdkY vnf; eef;awmfodkY jyefMu\ aemufwaeY eef;awmfnv D mcHwiG f ukraÇ Cmoutm; rif;Bu;D u ppfaq;ar;jref;av\/ þudpEö iS yfh wfoufí rSeu f efonht f wkid ;f ajym &efESihf xdkodkYajymqdkonfhtwGuf rnfokdYrQ ta&;,ltjypfay;rnf r[kwfaMumif; tmrcHí rdefYMum;avonf/ ukraÇ Cmovnf; jzpf&yfreS t f vH;k pHw k u Ykd kd rif;Bu;D tm; avQmuf xm;wifjyav\/ rdro d nf &mZN*Kd [Nf rKd U aoaX;Bu;D \ om;jzpfygaMumif; xdkrdbESpfyg;wdkYvnf; vGefcJhaom q,fhESpfESpfu jzpfyGm;cJhonfh ul;puf a&m*guyfqdk;BuD;wGif uG,fvGeftedpöa&mufcJhygaMumif;? rdbESpfyg;wdkY odk0Sufjr§KyfESHí rdrdtm;ay;tyfcJhaom tarGukaXav;q,frQ&Sdaom ypönf;Opöm&wemwdkYjzpfygaMumif;/ ¤if;rdrd\ tarG&wemypönf;Opöm uka#av;q,fwu Ykd kd rif;Bu;D tm; tyfEyHS gaMumif;jzihf wifavQmufav\/ rif;BuD;vnf; ukrÇaCmou\ ypönf;Opöm&wemrsm;udk vSnf;rsm;jzihf o,faqmifí eef;&ifjyifü pkyHkapvdkuf\/ &mZN*dK[fjynfoljynfom;rsm;\ oabmBudKufnDcsuft& ukrÇaCmoutm; &mZN*dK[fjynf\ aoaX;&mxl;üwyfí rif;BuD;u ajr§mufpm;csD;jr§ihfav\/ orD;awmfESihfvnf; xdrf;jrm;ay;vdkufav\/

wpf & uf w G i f Ad r d Á o m&rif ; BuD ; onf uk r Ç a Cmotm; jrwfpGmbk&m;xHawmfodkY ac:oGm;\/ xdkpOfu jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &mZ N*dK[fjynfa0VK0efausmif;awmfü oDwif;oHk;awmfrlvsuf&Sd\/ xdkYaemuf rif ; BuD ; onf uk r Ç a Cmou\ jzpf & yf r sm;ud k jrwf p G m bk & m;tm; avQmufxm;\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf atmufyg "r®y'ygVdawmf tydk'f (24)vm *gxmawmfudk rdefYawmfrlavonf/ *gxm- 24/ / x<uvH k Y v ? 0D & d , &S d aom pif M u,f o nf h trI u d p ö &S d a om? pl ; prf ; qif j cif í jyKrl a vh & S d a om? apmih f p nf ; onf h £a`E´ o d u © m &S d a om? w&m;ojzih f touf a rG ; aom rarh r avsmh tyÜ r m'w&m;ES i h f jynh f p H k a omol t m; pnf ; pd r f O pö m t&mtxl ; *k P f a us;Zl ; owif ; ? ausmf a pmjcif ; onf wpf a eY w pf j cm; wd k ; yG m ; av\/ ukrÇaCmouonf ,if;*gxmudk Mum;em&if;jzihf? a&S;OD;pGm ESpfoufjcif; ]]yDwd}}jzpf\/ xdkYaemuf Nidrf;at;jcif; ]]yó'd¨}} jzpf\/ xdkYaemuf csrf;omjcif; ]]okc}} jzpf\/ xdkYaemuf wnfMunfjcif; ]]orm"d}} jzpf\/ xdkYaemuf trSeftwdkif; odjcif; ]],xmblwÓPf}}? ]]NiD;aiGUjcif; -edAdÁ'gÓPf}}? ]]0d&m*}} ac: r*fÓPfwdkYtpOftwdkif;jzpfNyD;onhfaemuf ukrÇaCmouonf aomwmyefjzpfoGm;\/ xdktcg ukrÇaCmouonf rdbwdkY\ tarGudk cH,lxdkufaom om;aumif;wpfa,muftjzpfrSonf xdkYxuf ydkrdkaom b0\ teufudk odvmNyD;? ywf0ef;usiftay: xdkufxdkufwefwef aus;Zl;qyfEkdifaom t&d,m olawmfpiftjzpfodkY wdkifatmif qdkufa&mufoGm;jcif;jzpfav ownf;/ (okwåEÅyd#u? ck'´uedum,? "r®y'ygVdawmf? tyÜrm'0*fvm? ukrÇaCmouaoaX;0w¬Kudk jyefqdkazmfjyygonf/) Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

rwlnDygbl;/ b0a&qefqdkwmu oHk;q,hfwpfbHk oHo&mb0awGu vGwfajrmufzdkY/ b0a&pkef qdkwmu oHk;q,hfwpf bHk oHo&mb0awGrSm usifvnfzdkYjzpfw,f/ b0a&pkefrSm arsmygaecJh&wJh ykxkZOf yk*¾dKvfwdkY&JUpdwf[m tm½Hkig;yg; umr*kPfw&m; awGeJY tcsdefjynhfaysmfarGUae wwfw,f/ b0a& qefjyefNyD;wufwJhyk*¾dKvfawG Muawmh tJ'Dtm½Hk ig;yg; umr*kPf w&m;awGukd uif;onfxuf uif;oGm;atmif? yg;onfxufyg;oGm;atmif aemufqHk; csKyfNidrf;oGm;wJhtxd Ak'¨bk&m;&Sif&JU w&m;awmf awG em,lNyD; usihfBuHtm;xkwfMuygw,f/ ykxkZOfyk*¾dKvfcsif;awmh wlw,f/ 'gayr,h f pd w f & J U usuf p m;&mae&mcsif ; awmh rwl y gbl ; / b0a&pkefarsmol&JU pdwf[m raumif;rIbufrSm aysmfarGUwJhoabm&Sd ovdk? b0a&qefjyefwufo&l UJ pdwMf uawmh tJ'rD aumif;wJh aysmfarGU&m awGrmS pdwu f kd usupf m;cGirhf ay;bJ qH;k rwm;qD;xm;wJh oabmjzpfw,f/ um,uHtukodkvf? 0pDuHtukodkvf? raemuHtukodkvfawG rjzpfatmif b0a&qef jyefwufolu apmihpf nf;aexdik w f ,f/ b0a&pkef arsmolusawmh jzpfcsif&mjzpf armifbcspfqdkNyD; uHoHk;yg;udk rapmifh pnf;awmhb;l / 'DtaMumif; uyJ olYudk oHo&m&SnfapzdkY qGJqefYay;vkduf ovdk jzpfomG ;w,f/ uHo;kH yg;rSm tukov kd af wGjzpf atmif aeavh&o dS [ l m ig;yg;oDvudk b,fvdkrS NrJatmif rapmihfxdef;Edkifawmhbl;/ ig;yg;oDv rvH&k if oHo&muvGw&f mw&m;udk usizfh q Ykd w kd m rvG,b f ;l vdYk xifygw,f/ 'Dvq kd &kd if tJ'yD *k Kd¾ vaf wG[m b0oHo&mc&D;&Snu f kd ESiaf eMu&OD;rSm yJvYkd awG;rdygw,f/ 'geJ Y y wf o uf N yD ; owd & vk d u f r d w mu rd r d w d k Y a usmif ; rS m MumqHaMumfvmuyfwJh 'umrBuD;wpfa,mufyg/ rdrdu pum;pyfrdvdkY MumqH aMumfuyfwJh&nf&G,fcsufav;ar;awmh oluvnf;jyefajymyg w,f/ t&Sifbk&m;&,fwJh? ]MumqHaMumf} qdkwm MumMumpH&wmayhg bk&m;wJh/ uJ - Munh f ? &S i f a wmf b k & m;u oH o &m&S n f & if cE¨ m awG trsm;BuD; jzpfMu? ysufMur,fwJh/ vlYcE¨myJjzpfjzpf? ewfcE¨myJjzpfjzpf? jA[®mh cE¨myJjzpfjzpf cE¨m&vm&if 'ku©jzpf&rSmyJwJh/ opömtm;jzihfawmh 'k u © o pö m vd k Y a wmif a[mcJ h w myg/ 'D ' umrBuD ; MumMumpH c sif v d k Y Mum qHaMumf MumqH aMumfvS vLS wm bk&m;a[meJYMunhf&if 'ku©awGudk MumMumBuD; cHcsifwJh oabmrSm&Sdw,f/ zGihfawmhrajym rdygbl;/ pdwfxJuawmh tif;-cHayOD;awmhAsmvdkY rSwfcsufay; rdw,f/ wcsd K Uvnf ; &S d a o;w,f / ayguf a yguf yG i f h v mvS L wmwd k Y ? opfawmfoD; vmvSLwmwdkY/ &nf&G,fcsufudkawmh rar;bJeJY odygw,f/ ayguf ayguf a &muf a &muf & S d c sif v d k Y ? opf a wmf o D ; ud k awmif ouf a wmf & S n f o D ; qd k N yD ; touf & S n f & S n f ae&zd k Y t wG u f w J h / uJ t½l;xMuwmudkMunhf/ wpfaeY qGrf;cHtdrfu 'umwpfa,mufu avQmuf w ,f / vufxrJ mS vJ edo'D idk t f cif; av;udik Nf y;D awmh OD;yÍöi;f &,f- wynhaf wmforD; vuf&Sdwm0efusaewJhausmif;uae ajymif;zdkY wm0efusvmw,f/ olu rajymif;csifbl;wJh bk&m;/ tJ'g- aA'ifq&mu aumfxkyfeJY tcif; vS L ck d i f ; vd k Y tvS L cH a y;ygwJ h / pd w f x J u awmh awG ; rd w ,f / tif ; 'D'umBuD;ES,f olYorD; tpdk;& trdefYeJY ajymif;&rJh[m bkef;BuD;udk vmqG J x nh f w ,f / awmf a wmf q d k ; wmyJ / 'geJ Y aumf x k y f e J Y tcif ; vS L &wJ h o abmud k a r;rd a wmh aumf o k w f N yD ; tcif ; cif ; vk d u f a wmh uyfNy;D ruGmawmhb;l bk&m;wJ/h vuf&w dS m0efusaewJah usmif;rSm uyf (Nr)J NyD ; ajymif ; &atmif ,MwmacswJ h o abmygwJ h / rd r d p d w f x J u awmh

awmfawmfausrJh ,MwmyJvdkY awG;NyD; oabmusrdw,f/ vlawGu tJavmuf xd b0a&pkefrSm arsmygcsifaeMuwm/ aA'if q &m? "mwf q &mawG a jymwJ h tajcmuf p um;? tajrm§ ufpum;awGukd bk&m; a[mw&m;xufyNkd y;D ,Hv k , G v f eG ;f aewm[m ]t} vGef;tm;BuD;vdkYjzpfr,fxifw,f/ odyÜH ynmxGef;um;wJh 'DacwfrSm 'Dvdkudpö&yfawGudk odyÜHenf;usus awG;apcsifw,f/ bk&m;a[mwJh w&m;awG[m odyÜHynmxuf a&S;usw,f/ odyÜH ynm&yf[m a&&SnfrSm rSm;aumif;rSm;Edkifayr,hf bk&m;&Sifa[mwJhw&m;awmfawGuawmh 'DaeY txd rSm;vdkYjyif&wm? ydkaevdkYjzKwfvkduf&wm? vdkaevdkY jznhfvkduf&wm bmwpfckrSr&Sdbl;vdkY rdrdawmh em;vnfxm;rdw,f/ 'gaMumifh odyÜH ynmxuf wdusreS u f efwhJ Ak'w ¨ &m;eJY avmuD udpaö wG avmukw&å mudpö awGukd peD;emusihfoHk; apcsifygw,f/ b0aygif;rsm;pGm udk,fxif&mudk,f vkyfvmcJhrdvdkY tusihfygNyD; 'Db0rSmvnf; xyf vkyfzdkY rpOf;pm;bJ BuHKcJvSwJh omoemeJYBuHKwkef;? qHkwkef; tusiq hf ;kd awGukd azsmuf? tusiafh umif; awGudk oif,lMuygrS rdrdwdkYb0 a&pkefrarsmrSm yg/ b0udka&pkefarsmNyD; oHo&mrSm 'ku©awG xyf c H r S m vm;/ 'grS r [k w f b0a&qef u d k jyef u l ; NyD ; 'ku©Nidrf;atmifvkyfrSmvm;/ rdrdwdkYbmom pOf;pm;MunhfapzdkYygyJ/ &Sifawmfbk&m;uawmhowå0gawG 'ku©awmxJrSmaysmfaeMu wmudk oem;u½kPm jzpfvGef;vdkY rif;wdkYaysmfaewJhae&m[m 'ku©awm BuD;yJ? 'ku©udk 'ku©vdkY tjrifrSef&Muprf;ygqdkNyD; aemufqHk; y&dedAÁmef0ifpH wJhcsdeftxd (tyÜrm a'e orÜma'x) vdkY rSmMum;oGm;cJhygao;w,f/ rif;wdkY- rarhravsmh rayghrq jyif;jy xufoefrSefuefwJh owdw&m;eJY aexdkifMuygwJh/ wenf;tm;jzihfawmh rif;wdkYb0a&qefudk jyeful;MuvdkY rdefYawmfrlcJhwmygyJ/ b0a&qefjyeful;olawG&JU aemufqHk; yef;wdkif (wenf;) aemufq;kH urf;pyf[m 'ku© odr;f 'kuN© ird ;f wJh edAmÁ efygyJ/ 'gaMumifh olawmf aumif;wdkY rdrdwkdYvJyJ edAÁmefudk rsufarSmufjyKEdkif wJhw&m;awmfawGudk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuygrS jrK§yfwJhb0 (tyg,fav;yg;) arsmwJhb0 (vlç ewfç jA[®m)awGu vGwfajrmufEdkifMuygvdrhfr,f/ olawmfaumif; taygif ; wd k Y ]b0a&qef } w&m;tvk y f t m;xk w f í ]b0a&pk e f } oH k ; q,h f w pf b H k rS vG w f a jrmuf & m ed A Á m ef c srf ; omud k rsuf a rS m uf jyKEdkifMuygap/ pmud k ; = Ak ' ¨ w &m;pmayrsm; ynmEG , f ({&majr- "Ek j zL)

vl r I t usd K ;jyK atmif N id r f ; csrf ; uk o d k v f j zpf a q;cef ; atmifNidrf;csrf; rdk;ukwf0dyóem"r®&dyfom tzGJUcGJ trSwf (365) ½Icif;om&yfuGuf? omauwNrdKUe,f? &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD;/ zkef;- 559528 tywf p Of p aeaeY aeYv,f 1;00 em&DrS - 3;00 em&Dxd aq;0g;ukoEkid yf gonf/ aq;0g;ypönf;vSL'gef;vdkolrsm; vSL'gef;Edkifygonf/ zkef;- 559528

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

pifMu,faom apwemü raysmf0ifEkdifonfhtcg aZmf n d K at;(ausmif ; uk e f ; )

]]'umBu;D a&..? 'umBu;D aqmif&u G f ay;cJhwJhtwGuf awmfawmftusKd;&Sdygw,f/ q&mav;wd k Y ' D a usmif ; BuD ; aqmuf z k d Y t wG u f ig;ESpfvsmxm;cJhwm? tckawmh okH;ESpfwnf;eJY NyD;pD;oGm;NyD/ 'umBuD; ]om"k} ac:ayawmh}} ausmif;ukef;NrKdUwGif ]]omoemhEG,f od*Ð oDv&SifpmoifwkdufBuD;}} [k qkdvkduf onfESihf rodolr&Sdavmufatmif ausmfMum; aeayNyD / [d e f ; [d e f ; rm;rm; xnf x nf 0 g0g cHhcHhnm;nm;jzihf y&d,wådomoemawmfBuD;ukd a&SUoGm;jyKvsuf y#dywådESihf,SOfwGJum BuKd;pm; &if; omoemjyKaeMu\/ aMomf..0rf;omp&m aumif;avpG/ uReaf wmft h aejzihf 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpfc&hJ onfrmS ,ckro S mr[kw/f [k;d ..vGeaf v NyD;aom (1997) ckESpfupí MunfEl;0rf;om yDwdjzmcJh&NyD;acsNyD/ xkdpOfuwnf;u ausmif; ukef;jrpful;wHwm;BuD;ESihf reD;ra0; vrf;ab; wpfae&mwGif ]]bk&m;jzL}} [kac:wGifaom apwDav;wpfql&SdcJhonf/ xkdapwDuav;\ ab;em;wGif omoemhE, G o f *d Ð oDv&Sif y&d,wåd pmoifwkduf [laom rvSry qkdif;bkwfuav; wpfck pkdufxlxm;cJhonf/ ausmif;ajr{&d,mrSm (2 'or 80 {u) &SdNyD; NcH0if;xJodkY awmfawmf uav; avQmuf0ifoGm;rdavrS 0g;wJausmif; ,kdifeJYeJYuav;ukd awGU&onf/ NyKdvkvkjzpfae onhf wJuav;ukd 0g;vkH;BuD;awGjzihf usm;uef axmufyifhxm;\/ ausmif;aqmif\trnfu ]]okcdwm&mrausmif;aqmif}} [líjzpfonf/ 'gonf [dk;..vufrGefrqGu tajc taejzpf\/ ,if;tajctaeukd jrif&awmh uRefawmhfpdwf0,f raumif;/ bmrSvnf; vkyf ray;Ekid /f xkaYd Mumihf uReaf wmfwwfajrmufonhf pma&;jcif;udpöjzihf ulnDvkdufonf/ (1997)

ckESpf? pufwifbmvxkwf? "r®½kyfpkH bmoma&; ES i h f tawG ; tac:r*¾ Z if ; wG i f "gwf y k H ( 6)yk H tokH;jyKí aqmif;yg;&Snfa&;um tvSL&Sifrsm; ukd Ekd;aqmfzdwfac:ay;cJhonf/ uRef a wmh f v k y f & yf u uH a umif ; axmufrpGmjzihf atmifjrifomG ;ygonf/ tvSL&Sif awG ay:aygufvmaomaMumihf (3)ESpftwGif; rSmyif ausmif;aqmifopfBuD; taumiftxnf ay:um NyD;ajrmufoGm;onf/ wJausmif;rSonf wdkufausmif;BuD;jzpfoGm;ygonf/ xkdYaMumihf uRefawmfonf pmrltpwGif azmfjycJhonhf pum;&yfukd 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om Mum;odcH,l ]om"k} ac:chJ&yg\/ aiGaMu;taxmuftyhH [lí ajymyavmufatmif rvSLEkdifaomfvnf; uRefawmf\ edAÁmefaqmfrIu atmifjrifcJhyg onf/ rD'D,mpepfukd olYae&mESihfol tH0if cGifusjzpf&Sdatmif rSefuefpGm tokH;csEkdifcJh aomaMumihfjzpfygonf/ xkdpOfrSpum pme,fZif;toD;oD;rS aeí pGJpGJNrJNrJjzihf edAÁmefaqmfvkyfaecJhonfrSm Mumawmif ; MumavNyD / ol v nf ; csrf ; om? igvnf; &TifNyKH;qkdovkd vGefpGmrS yDwdjzpf&yg onf/ xkdt&omüvnf; aysmfarGUaerdygonf/ *kPfvnf;,lygonf/ nD n mjyKMu aumif ; usKd ; &[l o nh f "r®eDwdt&... apma'aEÅaEÅm pwk bm*gp? ur®um&m wa,m bm*g/ omrdaem orbm*g p? {u bm*geH arm'em/ / þokdYqkdavaomaMumihfÄ ukodkvfjyK&ef wdkufwGef;EId;aqmfaomolonf ukodkvf&Sif\ ukokdvfav;ykHwpfykHukd&\/ Ä a0,sm0pö u k o k d v f 0k d i f ; 0ef ; jyKol w d k Y o nf ukokdvf&Sif\ okH;ykHwpfykH&\/ Ä ukokdvf&SifwkdYonf apwem[laom uHtm; avQmfpGm tnDtrQ&\/ Ä 0rf ; ajrmuf 0 rf ; om om"k a c:ol w d k Y o nf ukokdvf&Sif\ q,fykHwpfykHukd &ukef\ [k od&ygonf/ þtqkdt&qkdaomf uRefawmfonf ukokdvf&Sif\ av;ykHwpfykHudkvnf;aumif;? okH;ykHwpfykHukdvnf;aumif;? uHtm;avsmfpGm tnDtrQuv kd nf;aumif;? q,fyw Hk pfyu Hk v kd nf;

aumif; aocsmrkcs {uef&cJhNyD;jzpfonf[k qkdEdkifygonf/ xkdtaMumif;rsm;aMumihfvnf; uRefawmhfvkyf&yftay: uRefawmfauseyfrd ygonf/ ,if;rS.../ (12.3.2011)&uf? paeaeY tcg or,wGiaf wmh edAmÁ efaqmftvkyaf umif;aom uRefawmfhcrsm cEkd;ceJ qkduJh&JUjcif;jzihf &efawGU cH&ygawmhonf/ ukd,fhpm;&dwfukd,fpm;NyD; olwpfyg; tusKd;ukd aqmifay;&mrS qGrf;cH&if; iSufoihf qkdovkd pdwfraumif;p&mudpöESihf BuKH&ygawmh onf/ þokdYrjzpfap&eftwGuf vkyfief;\ oabmobm0uk d tpuwnf ; u BuKd w if ajymjyxm;cJhNyD; ausauseyfeyf&SdrS vkyfcJhonf rSefaomfvnf; ]vlYpdwfqkdwm arsmufpdwfvkdyJ} [louJhodkY aumif;csifvQif csufcsif;? raumif; csif v Qif csuf c sif ; jzpf w wf a om oabm obm0t& rvkdvm;tyfonhfudpörsKd; ay:vm &ygonf/ jzpfykHu 'Dvkdyg/ toufwpf&mjynhf tbGm;tkdwpfOD; \ "gwfykHESihf ukd,fa&;tw¦KyÜwådtusOf;ukd oifhawmf&m r*¾Zif;wpfapmifwGif azmfjyay; Ekdifyg&ef tbGm;tkd\rdom;pkrS awmif;qkdvm ojzihf ]BuKd;pm;ay;ygrnf? odkY&mwGif usdef;ao ygrnf rygrnfudkawmh tmrçrcHEkdifyg? t,f'D wmrsm;\ oabmomjzpfygonf/ aemufNyD; ygonhfwdkifatmifvnf; jrefcsifrS jrefrnf/ Mumcsiv f nf;Mumrnf/ tvSnu fh satmif apmihf &rnf/ oabmwlrS vkyfay;rnf} [k qkd&m tbG m ;tk d \ rd o m;pk x H r S auseyf v uf c H a v aomaMumihf ]]jrwfr*FvmpmapmifrS q&mBuD; rif ; ,k a 0xH o d k Y (26.10.2010) aeY w G i f pmwkdufrS rSwfykHwifí ykdYay;vkdufygonf/ rsuEf mS zk;H wGif ok;H ay;yg/ tqifrajyygu wjcm; u@wpfckckwGif azmfjyay;yg[k arwåm&yfcHpm wpfapmifudkyg yl;wGJay;ydkYcJhygonf/ 'Dtxd uReaf wmhb f ufu wm0efaus avNyD/ b,fawmhygrnfukd apmihfMunhfaecJh &if;../ (4.3.2011) aomMumaeYwiG f &mjynhf tbGm;tkd\ (72) t&G,f&Sd orD;wpfa,muf tedpöa&mufygawmhonf/ þwGirf S uReaf wmfüh jyóemay:vm onf/ tbGm;tk\ d orD;wpfa,mufyif aooGm; avNy/D pmrlu rygao;? okt Yd wGuf tbGm;tk\ d

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/

ajr; (touf 40 ausm)f wpfO;D onf uReaf wmfh tm; cEkd;ceJYvkyfygawmhonf/ ]]tbGm;Bu;D &JU orD;wpfa,mufawmif aooGm;NyD? pma&;q&mBuD;&JU pmrlukd ckxd rjrif&ao;ygvm;? cifAsm;pmukd b,fawmhrS zwf&rSmvJ}} þpum;rsKd;jzihf rMumcP uJh&JUyg onf/ uRefawmfvnf; bmrQrwwfEkdifojzihf onf;cHapmihfMunhfaecJhonf/ tyGJyGJETJcJhorQ 'DwpfcsDwGif ESyfypfcH&awmh\/ þodkYjzihfyif (12.3.2011)aeY? eHeuf (10) em&DcGJwGif t&ufaMumihf cyfaxGaxGjzpfaeonfh xkdyk*¾Kdvf av;onf cEkd;ceJY &doJhoJhvkyf½kHrQru racsriH qufqHrIukdyg BuKHvkduf&onf/ ]]tbGm;BuD; orD;wpfa,mufaoNyD; vd k Y a wmif cif A sm;pmrl u rygao;bl ; vm;? aemufxyf b,fr*¾Zif;awGrmS xyfycYkd siaf o;vJ? "gwfykH½kdufay;&tkH;rSmvm;? zwfa&mzwf&OD; rSmvm;}} ponf ponfjzihf ½l;aMumifrl;aMumif pum;awG qk d v mygonf / Mumvmawmh uReaf wmfvnf; a'gotenf;i,fjzpfvmonf/ xkdYaMumihf]]uJ..uJ [kwfNyD? rif;u "gwfykH b,f E S p f y k H ½ k d u f a y;&rS m vJ ? rif ; ½k d u f a y;Ek d i f oavmuf igu yd k Y a y;r,f ? ,l o mvmcJ h ? rygygatmifudk xnhaf y;r,f}} [k cyfMurf;Murf; ajymypfvkdufygonf/ ]]rvk y f c if u wnf ; u rif ; wd k Y u k d aoaocsmcsm &Sif;jyNyD;ygNyD/ rif;wdkYauseyfvkdY igu vkyaf y;wm? rif;wdq Yk E´jynhaf tmif apwem eJY ulnDcJhwm? ihgtusKd;pD;yGm; wpfjym;om;rS rygbl;/ rif;wdkYqDu tcaMu;aiG,lNyD;vkyfwJh udpövnf; r[kwfbl;/ aemuf w pf c k u igu t,f ' D w m r[kwfbl;? igu ydkYay;½kHyJwwfEkdifw,f? t,f'D wmu a&G;rS xnhfrS yg&rSm/ olYorD;aowm raowmu wpfykdif;yJ/ toufeJYtaumifawG yJ[m? b,folrqkd tcsdefra&G; aooGm;Ekdifwm csnf ; yJ ? bmrS r wwf E k d i f b l ; av/ rif ; wd k Y u em;vnfay;&rSmayhg}} pum;enf ; &ef p J j zpf & avatmif tcsufukdifNyD; &Sif;jyaomfrS rausreyf[efjzihf jyefoGm;ygonf/ 'Dudpöu awmfawmfhukd ajz&Sif;&cuf onf/ pdwfraumif;jzpf&½kHrSvGJí tusKd;r&Sd/ aemufaemiftcgü þtvkyfrsKd; rvkyfrdatmif a&Smif&rnf[k ukd,hfukd,fukd wyfvSefYxm;vkduf rdyg\/ odkYaomf.. uRefawmfhnDu-

]]tpfukdBuD;a&.. aemifukd 'grsKd;awG rvkyfygeJYawmh}} [k tBuHjyKav&m]]tif;.. igvnf; pOf;pm;xm;yg w,f/ 'gayr,hf vkyfoihfvkyfxkdufwmawmh vkyf&OD;rSmayhg}} [k r,kwfrvGefom qkdvkdufrd ygonf/ wu,f a wmh v nf ; pme,f Z if ; avmuonf rSef;q&rvG,f/ pmrlwpfckwnf; ukd wkdufNyKdifydkYír&/ wm;jrpfpnf;urf;&Sdonf/ odkYaomf okH;rnf rokH;rnfudk uHaouHr rod&/ rnfa&GUrnfrQ Mumrnfurdk od&/ ok;H ? av;? ig;v MumírS rygvQif ra&G;[k oabm&um wjcm; wkdufodkY xyfykdYavh&SdMuonf/ xkdtcgrS [kdu a&m 'Duyg xnhfoGif;azmfjyvkdufojzihf tqif rajyjzpf&jcif;rsKd;awGvnf; &SdMuygonf/ xkdY aMumihf uRefawmfwdkY pmayorm;rsm;onf pdwf&Snfonf;cH ZGJpdwfoefMu&ygonf/ 0goem ukd t&if;wnfí aqmif&GufaeMuaom pmay orm;rsm;tay: em;vnfrIay;&ygvdrfhOD;rnf/ uRefawmfonf uavmifouf (24) ESpftwGif;wGif edAÁmefaqmftvkyfjzihf Budrfzef rsm;pGm MunfEl;0rf;omcJh&zl;onf/ ,ckwpfcg wGifawmh rxifrSwfpGm &efrlarmif;rJjcif;ukd rBuKHpzl; xl;uJpGmjzihf qkvmbftjzpf &&Sdvkduf onf/ avmu"Hw&m; (8)yg;&SdonfhteufrS (edE´m) uJh&JUcH&jcif;? (yoHom) csD;rGrf;cH&jcif; [lonfh w&m;ESpfyg;&Sdav&m (yoHom) csD;rGrf; cH&jcif;ü auseyfESpfoufaomfvnf; ykxkZOf obm0t& (ed E ´ m ) uJ h & J U cH & jcif ; twG u f r l tawmfyif cHjyif;rdygonf/ pdwfvnf; ysufrd ygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; Budrfzefrsm;pGm csD;rGrf; cHcJh&aom uRefawmf tvGef0goemygonhf tvkyfukd wpfBudrfwpfcgav; uJh&JUcH&jcif; aMumifhawmhjzihf vG,fvG,fulul pGefYvTwf&ef vkH;0qE´r&Sdyg/ rnfodkYyif&Sdap ,kHMunfjrwfEkd; pGmjzihf qufvufvkyfukdifaqmif&GufaeOD;rnf om jzpfygonf/ yk*¾vdu udpöxuf trsm; tusKd;&Sda&;ukdom OD;pm;ay;&ygawmhrnf/ þae&mü ppfuikd ;f NrKd U? oufawmf&n S f a&T [ oF m q&mawmf B uD ; b'´ E Å y@d w od & D (102) (102)ES p f \ Mo0g'vuFmav;ESihf uGufwd uspGm ed*kH;csKyfvkdufygonf/ trsm;tusKd ; ? &G u f o ,f y k d ; u? cEk d ; ceJ Y ? qk d u J h & J U vnf ; ? rzJhrapmif;? ukd,hfvrf;aMumif;udk? pdwfaumif;ESifh,SOf? a&S;½IESifavm vmhh/ aZmf n Kd a t;(ausmif ; uk e f ; )

aemuf a usmzH k ; rS ul;rIoufoufvnf; r[kwfay/ wu,fawmh tv,ftvwfvrf; qkdwm[m razmufrjyef {uef rSefuefwJh t&d , opö Ó Pf y G i h f v if ; rI u d k jzpf a y:apwJ h vrf;pOfom jzpfygw,f/ qif;&Jjcif;? 'grSr[kwf rauseyfjcif;wdrYk S trSew f u,f vGwaf jrmufap wJh vrf;aMumif;vrf;jrwfjzpf ygw,f/ tJ'Db0vrf;pOf[m 'DuaeY vlawG qif;&J'ku©aeMu&wm awG[m olwdkYvGefusL; cJhMuwJh tjypfrsm; (bk&m;ocif&JU wm;jrpfcsuf ud k csKd ; azmuf c J h M uwJ h vl a wG & J U rl v tjypf rsm;)aMumih f j zpf w ,f q d k w J h ,l q csuf u d k vHk;0vufrcH y,fcsvkdufygw,f/ wu,fawmh tyifavmu tygt0if ouf&t dS &mtm;vH;k wdYk [m qif ; &J j cif ; 'k u © w &m;ud k tm;vH k ; awG U BuH K cH p m;Mu&wmcsnf ; jzpf y gw,f / vl y k * ¾ d K vf a wG taeeJ Y ajym&r,f qd k & if a,musfm;jzpfjzpf rdef;rjzpfjzpf yk*¾dKvfwdkif; yk*¾dKvfwdkif;[m aumif;rI ukokdvfuHawGeJY? raumif;rItukokdvfuHawGudk udk,fpDudk,fiS o,f a qmif xm;Muwmcsnf ; jzpf y gw,f / 'gaMumih f v l a wG r S m ud k , f y d k i f q if ; &J j cif ; ? 'grSr[kwf csrf;ajrUom,mjcif;awGtwGuf udk,fwkdifomvQif wm0ef&Sdae Muwmjzpfyg w,f/ tJ ' D t v,f t vwf v rf ; pOf u d k vd k u f e musih f a qmif o l w d k i f ; [m ppf r S e f w J h Nid r f ; at;csrf ; omrI e J Y aysmf & T i f M unf E l ; rI u d k &&SdcHpm;Mu&rSmjzpfyg w,f/ ouf0if,HkMunfrI wpf&yf&JU rnfonfhtoGifoP²mefatmufrSmrS aus;uRefcHaep&mrvdkyJ? MunfndKav;pm;xdkuf wJh b0rsKd;udkydkifpdk; aexdkif oGm;EkdifMurSmjzpfyg w,f/ tjcm;wpfyg;aom olwdkYeJYvnf;aumif;? ywf 0 ef ; usif e J Y v nf ; aumi;f ? tjynh f t 0 o[Zmwvd k u f a vsmnD a xG tqif w ajy aexdkif&jcif;[m rdrd&JU Nidrf;at;csrf;omrIeJY aysm&f iT Mf unfE;l rI twGuf tultyHjh yKay;apwm trSefjzpfygw,f/ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf) "r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmi atmif tjynfjynfqik d &f max&0g'Ak'o ¨ moemjyKwuúov kd f &efukefNrdKU/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/

b0ta[mif;rsm;ESihf b0topfrsm;udk ydkifqdkifonfh pG r f ; tm;&S i f r sm;

0wf i g;tif zcif r ,f w d k Y w m} [laompum;twkdif; rdbwdkif;onf om;orD;rsm;twGuf rnfodkYaom tcuftcJ rsm;ud k ausmf j zwf a jz&S i f ; &onf j zpf y gap twwfEdkifqHk; aumif;rGefpGmjzihf vlYavmu tv,fwGif wihfw,fpGm aexdkifMuapjcif;om tvdk&SdcJhMuolrsm;yifjzpfygonf/ ]om;orD ; raumif ; rd b acgif ; } qdkouJhodkY rdbraumif;uvnf; om;orD;rsm; rSm wihfw,favsmufywfpGm aexdkifwwfrnf r[k w f awmh a y/ uRef r wd k Y r d b rsm;rS m rd r d om;orD ; rsm; ]qif p D F ; íjrif ; &H o nf } ud k o m Munhv f jkd rifvMkd uyg onf/ odaYk omf wpfcgwpf&H rd b rs m; avmb? arm[ w&m;rsm; zH;k vTr;f vGe;f ]urÇmrD;avmif om;aumifcseif;} Mum;wG i f pG e f Y y pf c H & aom uav;i,f r sm;? ]udk,frcsd trdaomfvnf; om;awmfcJ} aq;½H k w G i f arG ; NyD ; NyD ; csif ; uav;xm;cJ h N yD ; oGm;vQif qifeif;vnf; eif;ygap? jrif;uefvJ ponfhpum;rsm;onf uRefr\ em;0 xGuaf jy;oGm;Muaom rdcifrsm;? rauR;rarG;Ekid f uefygap[lí trSm;trSefudk aocsmrcGJjcm;bJ 0,fcg;oD;vSpGm tMum;&qdk;vGef;aom Oyrm í auR;arG;apmihaf &Smufvo kd rl sm;udk uav;i,f rdom;pk pm;0wfaea&; jynhfpHkapa&;? ae&m rsm;yifjzpfcJhygonf/ i,f&G,fpOfu t"dyÜg,f tm; tNy;D tjywf a&mif;pm;ay;tyfcMhJ uol rdcif wpfck&&Sdapa&;twGuf rdkufrJonfh vkyf&yfrsm; udk vkyfudkifvmMuonf/ xdktcg Ak'¨bmom0if qd k v d k & if ; ud k aumif ; pG m rod c J h a omf v nf ; rsm; rsm;pGmudk awGUjrifMum;odae&ygonf/ od&Sdem;vnfvmonfhtcsdefürl rjzpfekdifaom wpf c sKd U t&G , f a &muf v monf x d jref r mvl r sKd ; twG u f jref r mh , Of a us;rI u d k jyKrl c suf vk y f & yf r sm;omjzpf o nf [ l í auR;arG;apmihfa&SmufcJhMuaomfvnf; om;orD; ysufpD;oGm;apNyD; vlrIusihf0wfuG,faysmuf aumufcsufcscJhrdygonf/ rsm;\ *k P f o d u © m ud k nd § K ;EG r f ; apjcif ; jzih f oGm;apcJhygawmhonf/ trS e f p if p pf rd b qd k o nf r S m ok d Y a omf ,aeY a cwf u mvwG i f olwpfyg;\ at;csrf;om,mrIrsm;udk zsufqD; d m;orD;twGuf tepfemcHEidk jf cif;? pGev Yf w T f xdkOyrmrsm;ESihf vkdufavsmnDaxGusihfwwfav eif ; acsypf a pNyD ; 0rf ; 0a&; taetxd k i f rdro olrdbrsm; &Sdonfudk rsuf0g;xifxifawGUjrif aumif;pm;a&;twGuf vkyfaqmifaeMuonfh Ekdifjcif;? onf;cHEkdifjcif;ponfh ]yg&rD} rsm;pGmudk Mum;odae&ygonf/ rdbrsm; rdom;pk pm;0wfaea&;jynhfpHkapa&; jznhfpGrf;ay;onfh ]pGrf;tm;&Sif} rsm;omjzpfyg ]rmwm,xm ed,Hykwå? twGuf t&Sufodu©mrJhpGm jyKusihfaeMuaom onf/ om;orD;rsm;\ jyKcNhJ y;D aom ]b0a[mif;} rm,kom {uykwå tEk&au©/} rdbrsm;? uRerf wdYk jrefrmvlrsK;d Ak'b ¨ mom0ifrsm; aemufjzpfay:vmrnhf ]b0opf} rsm;pGmwdkYudk arG;onhfrdcif aus;Zl;&Sifonf rdrd rjyKvkyf&Jonhf aexdkifrIyHkpHrsm;? t&Sufudk jyKjyifzefwD;ay;pGrf;Ekdifolrsm;omjzpfayonf/ &if E S p f o m;&if ; jzpf a om wpf O D ; wnf ; aom toufxuf ydrk jkd rwfE;kd aponfh uRerf wdYk jrefrmh uRef r \ om;BuD ; i,f & G , f p Of u om;ukd rdrdtoufjzihfaomfyif tpOfapmihf ½dk;&m ,Ofaus;rIrsm;udk zsufqD;ypfapNyD; vlbHk uRefrcifyGef;\ rdbrsm;? nD? nDrrsm;ESihftwl a&S m uf u muG , f o uJ h o d k Y tvk H ; pk H a om tv,fyv JG nfrwihaf ponfh b0udzk efw;D ay;ae csr;f at;vSaom rvdiI Nf rKd Ue,f\ aqmif;'Pfukd owå0gwkdY ü twdkif;t&SnfyrmPr&Sdaom Muol rdbrsm;? om;pOfajr;qufwdkif udk,fusihf wGef;vSefEkdif&ef tdrftvnfwGif rD;aoG;rD;zdk arwå m xm;&m\[k uRef r wd k Y a*gwr w&m; usih f 0 wf o d u © m enf ; yg;avatmif ab;wGix f ikd af eMuygonf/ om;Bu;D \bBu;D jzpf jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f u ]arwå m ok w f } awmf w G i f vkyfaqmifay;aeMuonfh rdbrsm;? xdkrsm;pGm olu om;BuD;udk cspfcifpdwfjzihf ayGUcsDvdkufcsdef a[mMum;awmf r l cJ h y gonf / aom rdom;pkrsm;udk uRefrtHhMojcif;rsm;pGmjzpf om;BuD;u ½kwfw&wf cg;udkaumhí vSefcs a&S;tcgu ZeD;armifESHESpfa,muf rdygonf/ vdkuf&m om;BuD;rSmtbkd;jzpfol\ vufxJrS w&Sdef&Sdefawmufavmifvsuf&Sdaom rD;cJrD;zdk onf rdrdwdkY\ wpfOD;wnf;aom om;udk rdrdwdkY ]raumif ; jrpf w m? ay:odkY vGwfusoGm;cJh&ygonf/ \ pm;0wfaea&; tcuftcJaMumihf xdkom;udk aumif ; &mñT e f v wf ][m} pGefYypfcJhaMumif; zwf½IcJh&ygonf/ ,aeYumv twwf o if a p? ]trav;} rSmvnf; vrf;eHab;NcHKykwftwGif;rSm pGefYypfcH ay;a0ES D ; &if ; ? ]bk&m; bk&m; u,fawmfrlyg} xm;&aom uav;i,f? ocsØKif;tkwf*lrsm; xd r f ; jrm;jcif ; vQif

pmrsuf E S m 35 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/

ajymif;zl;zufaq;vdyf raomuf&wJhedAÁmefudk roGm;vdkyg cifoZl mjrihf

jzL;NrdKUudk u&ifolykefrsm;vufrS tpdk; &wyfrsm;u jyefvnfodrf;ydkufNyD;í NrdKUudk pepf wus vHkNcHKpGm pDrHNyD;aomtcsdefwGif jzL;NrdKU awmifbufü 'ud©Pm½Hkpmoifwdkufudk pwif zGihfvSpfNyD; te,fe,ft&yf&yfrS ausmif;om;? udk&if? OD;yÍÆif;rsm;udk pmoifom;tjzpf vufcH oifMum;ay;p tcsdefjzpfonf/ anmif y if o mta&S U ausmif ; BuD ; q&mawmf OD;tmobonf rdrd\ wynhfudk&if (2)yg;udk txufwef;yd#uwfpmayoifMum;Ekid f &ef 'ud © P m½H k p moif w d k u f o k d Y q&mawmf OD;tmobudk,fwkdif vma&mufydkYaqmiftyfESH onf/ q&mawmfOD;tmobu udk&ifESpfyg; taMumif ; t&m? tajctae? tw¬ K yÜ w d å u d k ajymqdkavQmufxm; tyfESHNyD;aemuf]q&mawmf b k & m; a[m'D 0 PÖ d w udk&ifu pmoifzdkY q&mawmfausmif;ydkYr,fvdkY a&G;cs,fNyD;awmh NrdKUausmif;rSm b,fvdkae& xdkif&wmaumif;aMumif;? tqihfjrihfwJh pmawG oifMum;&rSmjzpfaMumif;? NyD;awmh NrdKUrSmu olaX;awGrsm;í csr;f ompGmae&rnfjzpfaMumif; wynhfawmfu 'DudkvmNyD; pmoifcsifatmif ajymjy a[mjyawmh 0PdÖwu wynhfawmfudk ]bkef;BuD; olwdkYNrdKUausmif;u ig;yd a&aumif;aumif;pm;&ygYrvm; rodbl; bk&m; wynhfawmfMum;wmuawmh NrdKUom;awGu tvkyrf sm;vdq Yk Nkd y;D vG,v f , G u f u l l yJjyKwyf 0J ,f NyD; qGrf;[if;avmif;MuvdkY NrdKUpmoifwdkufu OD;yÍÆi;f awG yJjyKwyf pJ m;&w,fvYkd owif;Mum;&

w,fbk&m;? wynhfawmfu yJjyKwfrpm;Ekdifbl;? ig;yda&udkvJrjywfEkdifbl;? tJ'gaMumihf wynhf awmftpm; wpfyg;a&G;ac:oGm;ygvdkY qifajc wuf a evd k Y awmf a wmf u d k em;cspnf ; ½H k ; NyD ; ac:xm;&w,fbk&m;} [kavQmufxm;onf/ q&mawmf B uD ; u ud k & if 0 PÖ d u ud k NyHK;vsufMunhfNyD;]tif;armifudk&ifuvJ oajywef;u r,fpdefvS ajymif;zl;zufaq;vdyfraomuf&vdkY edAÁmefroGm;csifwJh yHkESihfwlaeoudk;uGJU} [k rdefY Mum;onf/ ]taMumif;pHkav; tus,fodyg&ap bk&m;} bkef;BuD;OD;tmobu avQmufxm; onf/ ]at; a&S;uawmh oajyñGefY? ,ck awmh oajywef;vdaYk c:wJh &GmrSm r,fped v f q S w kd hJ qGr;f tr? ausmif;tr wpfa,muf&o dS uGUJ ? olu &GmOD;ausmif;q&mawmfudkvJ tvGefMunfndKNyD; qGrf;paom ypönf;av;yg;vJ rjywfvSLouGJU} olrtBudKufuawmh wpfaeYwpfaeY udk ajymif;zl;zufaq;vdyf(5)vdyf ukefatmif aomufavh&SdowJh? ajymif;zl;zufaq;vdyfudkvJ tvGefpGJowJh? a&mufav&m oGm;av&m tJ'D ajymif;zl;zufaq;vdyfudk tNrJaqmifoGm;NyD; aomufavh&SdowJh/ wpfaeYrmS awmh r,fped v f u S qGr;f pm; Z&yfuav;wpfaqmifaqmufvyk Nf y;D vSL'gef;o wJh? ausmif;a&pufcsr,fhaeYusawmh &GmOD;

ausmif;q&mawmfu ausmif;Z&yftvSL&Sit f m; edAÁmefcsrf;omukd &nfrSef;NyD; a&pufcstrQa0 &atmifvdkY rdefYMum;owJh/ tJ't D cgrSm qGr;f pm;ausmif;Z&yf tr r,fpdefvSu uysmu,m obufuav; ycHk; ay:wif vuftkyfcsDNyD; ]aeygOD;bk&m; aeygOD;bk&m; t&Sif bk&m; rdefYMum;wJh edAÁmefrSmu ajymif;zl;zuf aq;vd y f & S d y govm; bk & m;? ajymif ; zl ; zuf aq;vd y f a umaomuf c G i h f & ovm;bk & m;? ajymif;zl;zufaq;vdyfr&Sd raomuf&&ifawmh wynhfawmf tJ'DedAÁmefukd roGm;vdkbl;bk&m;? a&puf c strQa0rS tJ ' D q D a &muf r ,f q d k & if wynhfawmfa&pufrcsawmhbl;vdkY} avQmuf owJhuG,f/ ,ckvnf;yJ udk&ifu wdkYausmif;rSm ig;yda&rpm;&&if rvmcsifbl;aygYaemf ig;yda& pm;&rS aer,faygYaemf} [k rdeMYf um;&m anmifyif om bke;f Bu;D OD;tmobESifh ud&k ifEpS yf g;? rdbwdYk rSm waomaom&,farmMuavawmhonf/ cif o l Z mjrih f

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

oHa,mZOf oHa,mZOfqo kd nfrmS oanmZew&m; jzpf\/ owå0gwdkYudk 0#fqif;&Jü ,SOfapwwf? aESmifzGJUapwwfaomw&m;jzpf\/ umr*kPw f Ykd ü vdck sipf v JG rf;rIqo kd nhf umr&m*oH a ,mZOf ? tm½H k ü xd y g;rI (trsuf a 'go) qdkonhf y#dC oHa,mZOf? igomvQif jrwfonf[k ponfjzihf rSwfxifrI (axmifvmT ;rI) qdo k nhf rmeoHa,m ZOf? tjrifrSm;rIqdkonhf 'd|doHa,mZOf? ,HkrSm;rIqdkonhf 0dpdudpämoHa,mZOf? EGm;? acG; ponfwdkY\ tavhtusihf wdkYudk pifMu,f\[k rSm;aomtm;jzihf oH;k oyfrq I o kd nhf oD v AÁ w y&mrmooH a ,mZOf ? ½ly? t½lyb0ü pGJvrf;rIqdkonhf b0&m* oHa,mZOf? jiLplrI (remvdkrI) qdkonhf £ó oH a ,mZOf ? 0efwdkrIqdkonhf rpä&d,oHa,mZOf? odtyfonfudk rodrIqdkonhf t0dZÆm oHa,mZOf [lí oHa,mZOfq,fyg;&Sd\/ umr&m*oH a ,mZOf umr&m*wdkYü vdkcsifpGJvrf;rIqdkonhf umr&m*oHa,mZOfqdkonfrSm vdkcsifzG,f&m umr*kPfig;yg;wdkYü tMuifvdkcsifawmihfwrIumrpäE´? vdkcsifpGJvrf;rI- umr&m*? vdkcsifESpf oufr-I umreE´?D vdck siw f yfrufr-I umrwPSm? vdkcsifrItap;- umrodae[? vdkcsifrI- umr [laom ylavmifr-I umry&dVm[? vdck sirf ed ;f arm rI (vdck sirf t I m;Bu;D ojzihf rde;f armrI)- umrrkpmä ? vdkcsifrI- umrudkrsdKíNyD;qHk;apjcif; (vdkcsifrI umrudk tNy;D tqH;k t<uif;tuserf &Sd vdck sirf )I umraZÑmome onf&Sd\/ þqdktyfcJhNyD;aom oabmudk vdck sipf v JG rf;rI- umr&m*oHa,mZOf [lí qdktyf\/ y#d C oH a ,mZOf tm½Hküxdyg;rI- trsufa'goqdkonhf y#dCoHa,mZOfqo kd nfrmS ig\tusKd ;rJu h jkd yKusifh cJhNyD[k &efNidK;zGJUrI- tmCmwonfjzpf\/ ig\ cspfcifjrwfEdk;tyfol\tusdK;rJhudk jyKusihfaeqJ jzpfonf[k &efNidK;zGJUrI- tmCmwonfjzpf\/ ig\tusKd ;rJu h kd jyKusiv fh wH[ h &k efNiKd ;zGUJ rI- tmCm wonf j zpf \ / ig\cspf c if j rwf E d k ; tyf o l \ tusdK;rJhudk jyKusihfcJhNyD/ y/ tusdK;rJhudk jyKusihf aeqJjzpfonf/ y/ tusdK;rJhudk jyKusihfvwHh[k

xG e f ; wih f a tmif

&efNidK;zGJUrI- tmCmwonfjzpf\/ ig\rcspfcif rjrwfE;kd tyfo\ l tusKd ;udk jyKusicfh NhJ y/D y/ tusKd ; udk jyKusihfaeqJjzpfonf/ y/ tusdK;udk jyKusihf vwH[ h k &efNiKd ;zGUJ rI- tmCmwonfjzpf\/ xdjYk yif t&mr[kwfonfü &efNidK;zGJUrI (trsuf xGufrI)tmCmwonfjzpf\/ þod k Y a omoabm&S d a ompd w f \ tjyif&efNidK;zGJUrI (trsufxGufrI)- tmCmw? vGefpGm&efNidK;zGJUrI- y#dCmw? tm½Hküxdyg;rI (rkef;xm;rI)- y#dC? vGefpGmqefYusifrI- y#d 0da&m"? pdwfqdk;jcif; (trsufxGufjcif;)- orÜ aumy? zsufqD;jypfrSm;jcif;- a'go? vGefpGm zsufqD;jypfrSm;jcif;- ya'go? tvGefjyif;pGm zsufqD;jypfrSm;jcif;- orÜa'go? pdwf\azmuf jyefjcif;- pdwó å Asmywå?d pdwyf supf ;D jcif;oabmraemya'go? trsux f u G jf cif;- aum"? trsuf xGufyHktjcif;t&m- ukZÑem? trsufxGufwwf ol\tjzpf- ukZÑdwwå? zsufqD;jypfrSm;jcif; oabm- a'go? zsufqD;jypfrSm;yHktjcif;t&m'kóem? zsufqD;jypfrsm;wwfol\tjzpf- 'kód wwå? azmufjyefysufpD;jcif;oabm- Asmywåd? azmuf j yef y suf p D ; yH k t jcif ; t&m- AsmyZÆ e m? azmufjyefysufpD;wwfoltjzpf- AsmyZÆdwwå? qefu Y sirf -I 0da&m"? vGepf mG qefu Y sirf -I y#d0ad &m "? Murf;wrf;ol\tjzpf (Murf;wrf;rI)- p@dwå?

aumif;rGefjynhfpHkpGm rajymqdkEdkifjcif; (raumif; ojzihf ajymqdkjcif;)- toka&my? pdwf\ rdrd yuwdpdwfr[kwfonf\tjzpf (pdwfwkdif;rus onf\tjzpf)- tewårewm/ þqdktyfcJhNyD; aomoabmudk tm½Hük xdyg; rI (trsuaf 'go) y#dCoHa,mZOf[k qdktyf\/ rmeoH a ,mZOf igomvQifjrwfonf[k ponfjzihf rSwfxifrI (axmifvTm;rI) qdkonfh rmeoHa,m ZOfqdkonfrSmigonf (tqihftwef;) jrihfjrwf ol j zpf \ [l í rS w f x if r I (axmif v T m ;rI ) ao,s rme rme? igonf (tqih f t wef ; csif ; ) wloljzpf\ [lí rSwfxifrI (axmifvTm;rI)o'd o rme rme? igonf (tqihftwef;) ,kwfedrfh (atmuf u s) ol j zpf \ [l í rS w f x if r I (axmifvmT ;rI)- (igonf tqiht f wef;,kwef rd hf aomfvnf; rnfolYudkrQ *½kpdkufp&mrvdk[lí rSwfxifrI) [Derme rmeonf&Sd\/ þodo Yk abm&Sad om tMuifrw S x f ifrI (axmifvTm;rI)- rme? rSwfxifyHk (axmifvTm;yHk) tjcif ; t&m- rnem? rS w f x if w wf o l (axmif v T m ;wwf o l ) \tjzpf - rnd w wå ?

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

wuf<ujcif;oabm- OEéwd? ajr§mufíxm;jcif; oabm- OEér? wHcGefESihfwlaomoabm- "Z? ajr§mufyihfjcif;oabm- orÜ*¾g[? pdwf\wHcGef rSeu f if;uJo h Ykd jrihaf rmufvo kd nf\tjzpf- auwk urswmonf & S d \ / þqk d t yf c J h N yD ; aom oabmudk igomvQifjrwfonf[k ponfjzihf rSwfxifrI (axmifvTm;rI)- rmeoHa,mZOf[k qdktyf\/ 'd | d o H a ,mZOf tjrifrSm;rIqdkonf 'd|doHa,mZOf qdkonfrSm (cE¨mig;yg;[laom) avmuonf NrJ\[lívnf;aumif;? (cE¨mig;yg;[laom) avmuonf rNr[ J í l vnf;aumif;? (cE¨mig;yg; [laom) avmuonf tqHk; (tydkif;tjcm;) &Sd\[lívnf;aumif;? (cE¨mig;yg; [laom) avmuonf tqHk; (tydkif;tjcm;) r&Sd[lí vnf;aumif;? xdt k ouf ]]ZD0}} onfyif xdu k , kd f wnf;[lívnf;aumif;? touf ]]ZD0}} onf wjcm; ud k , f o nf w jcm;[l í vnf ; aumif ; ? owå0gonf aoNyD;aemufjzpf\[lívnf; aumif;? owå0gonf aoNyD;aemuf rjzpf[lí vnf ; aumif ; ? owå 0 gonf aoNyD ; aemuf jzpfvnf;jzpf rjzpfvnf;rjzpf[í l vnf;aumif;? owå0gonf aoNy;D jzpfonfvnf;r[kw?f rjzpf onfvnf;r[kwf[lívnf;aumif;/ þod k Y a omoabm&S d a om tMuif tjrifrmS ;rI ]]'d|}d }? (62 yg;aom) tjrifrmS ;rIwüYkd yg0ifjcif;oabm- 'd|*d w? (tjrifreS u f kd ydwq f ;D wwfaom) tjrifrmS ;rIwnf;[laom awmtky-f 'd|*d [e? (tjrifreS o f rYkd a&mufEikd af tmif cufcJ apaom) tjrifrmS ;rIc&D;cJ- 'd|u d EÅm&? or®m'd|d udk xGi;f azmufzsuq f ;D jcif;oabm- 'd|0d o d u l m ,du? tjrifrSm;rIwnf;[laom azmufjyefwkef vIyfjcif;oabm- 'd|d0dyæE´dw? (0#fqif;&Jü) wkyfaESmifaMumif;jzpfaomoabm tjrifrSm;rI'd | d o anmZe? (tm½H k u d k r S m ;aomtm;jzih f ) NrJpGm,lwwfaomoabm (t,lonf;aom oabm)- *g[? (tjrifrSm;rI) \ wnf&mjzpf aomoabm- y#d*¾g[)? rSm;aomtm;jzihf ESvHk; oGif;wwfaomoabm- tbdeda0o? rSm;aom tm;jzihf oHk;oyfwwfaomoabm- y&mrmo? pufqkyftyfaomvrf;pOf- ukr®*¾? rSm;aomc&D; vrf;aMumif;- rdpämyx? rSm;,Gif;aomoabmrdpw ä ?å rSm;aomt,lwnf;[laom tusKd ;rJw h \ Ykd jzpf&m- wdw¬m,we? azmufjyefrSm;,Gif;aom tm;jzihf pG, J jl cif;oabm- 0dy&d,mo*¾g[onf &S\ d / þqdt k yfcNhJ y;D aomoabmudk tjrifrmS ;rI'd|doHa,mZOf[kqdktyf\/

(EGm;? acG; ponfw\ Ykd ) tavhtusifh wdkYudk (pifMu,f\[k) rSm;aomtm;jzihf oHk;oyf rI- oDvAÁw y&mrmooHa,mZOfukd csex f m;í tvHk;pHkaomtjrifrSm;rI- rdpäm'd|donfvnf; tjrifrSm;rI- 'd|doHa,mZOfrnf\/ 0d p d u d p ä m oH a ,mZOf ,HkrSm;rIqdkonhf 0dpdudpämoHa,mZOf qdkonfrSm jrwfpGmbk&m;ü ,HkrSm;\? awG;awm \ (rqHk;jzwfEdkifbJ yifyef;\)/ w&m;ü ,HkrSm; \/ awG;awm\? oHCmü,HkrSm;\/ awG;awm \/ tusihf (odu©m) ü ,HkrSm;\? awG;awm\/ a&SUtzdkY• jzpfNyD;aomcE¨m ponfwdkYü ,HkrSm;\? awG;awm\/ aemuftzdkYü (jzpfvwHhaomcE¨m ponfwdkYü) ,HkrSm;\? awG;awm\/ a&SUtzdkY aemuftzdkYü (jzpfNyD;jzpfvwHhaomcE¨m ponf wdkYü) ,HkrSm;\? awG;awm\/ þ (Z&m? r&P ponfwdkY\) taMumif;w&m;ESihf (Zmwdpaom xdx k t kd aMumif;ud)k pGí J jzpfaomtusKd ;w&m;wdYk ü ,Hrk mS ;\? awG;awm\ (rqH;k jzwfEikd b f J yifyef; \)/ þodkYoabm&Sdaom tMuif,HkrSm;rIucFg? ,HkrSm;yHktjcif;t&m- ucFg,em? ,HkrSm; wwfonf\tjzpf- ucFg,dwwå? rodjcif; (awG;awmjcif;)- 0drwd? obm0udk pOf;pm;vQif (rqHk;jzwfEdkifí) ESpfrsdK;tm;jzihf wkefvIyfwwf aom oabm- a'GV§u? vrf;ESpfcGESihfwlaom oabm- a'G"myx? xuf0ef;usifrSjzpfwwf (,Hrk mS ;wwf) aomoabm- oHo,? {uEÅtm; jzihf ,ljcif;iSmrpGr;f Edik jf cif;oabm- taeuHo*¾g [? (qH;k jzwfjcif;iSm rpGr;f Edik í f ) tm½Hrk S qkwef pf aewwfaomoabm- toyÜem? (qHk;jzwfjcif; iSm rpGrf;Edkifí) (tm½Hk\) xuf0ef;usifü (w0J vnfvnf) a&GU&Sm;wwfaomoabm- y&doyÜ em? (qH;k jzwfjcif;iSm rpGr;f Edik í f tm½Hük ÓPfjzih)f rouf0ifEdkifjcif;oabm- ty&da,m*g[em? (qHk;jzwfjcif;iSm rpGrf;Edkifí) pdwf\cufwa&mf onf \ tjypf - xrÇ d w wå H pd w å ó ? pd w f u d k a&;jcpfouJo h Ykd (½Iy½f yI af xG;axG;) jzpfwwfaom oabm - raem0davc onf&Sd\/ þqdktyfcJh Ny;D aomoabmudk ,Hrk mS ;rI- 0dpu d pd mä oHa,mZOf [kqdktyf\/ oD v AÁ w y&mrmooH a ,mZOf (EGm;? acG; ponfw\ Ykd ) tavhtusifh wdkYudk (pifMu,f\[k) rSm;aomtm;jzihf oHk;oyf rIqo kd nhf oDvAÁwy&mrmooHa,mZOfqo dk nf rSm þomoemawmfrStjyiftyüjzpfukefaom &[ef;ykPÖm;orPjA[®PwdkY\ (EGm;? acG; jiLpl r I (remvd k r I ) qd k o nf h £óm

oHa,mZOfqo kd nfrmS olwpfyg;wd\ Yk vmbf&rI? vmb? aumif;pGmjyKrI (½dkaorI)- ouúm&? tav;jyKrS- *½kum&? jrwfEdk;rI- ree? &Sdckd;rI0E´e? ylaZmfr-I ylZewdüYk tMuifjiLpljcif;oabm£óm? jiLplyHktjcif;t&m- £óm,em? jiLpl wwfoltjzpf- £óm,dwwå? apmif;ajrmif; jcif;oabm- Ook,m? apmif;ajrmif;yHktjcif;t &m- Ool,em? apmif;ajrmif;wwfol\tjzpfOol,dwwåonf&Sd\/ þodkYqdktyfcJhNyD;aom oabmudk jiLplrI (remvdrk )I - £ómoHa,mZOf [k qdktyf\/ rpä & d & ,oH a ,mZOf 0efwdkrIqdkonfh rpä&d,oHa,mZOfqdk onfrSmae&mü0ef w d k r I - tm0gorpä & d , ? trsdK;/ ('g,umwdkYü) 0efwdkrI- ukvrpä&d,? vmbfü 0efwdkrI- vmbrpä&d,? d ? tqif;*kPfü 0efwdkrI- 0PÖrpä&, (y&d,wå?d y#da0") w&m;ü 0efwrkd -I "r®rpä&d, [lí ig;yg;jzpfukef\/ þodo Yk abm&Sad om tMuif0efwjdk cif; oabm- rapä&? 0efwdkyHktjcif;t&m- rapä&m ,em? 0efwdkwwfol\tjzpf- rpä&m,dwwå? (rdrdypönf; ponfwdkYudk olwpfyg;ESihfqufqH) ysUH ESaYH pjcif;iSm tvdrk &So d t l jzpf- a00dp?ä uyfap; ESJjcif; (ESajrmjcif;)- u'&d,? cg;pyfonf\ tjzpf (pdwu f w kd eG w Yf akd pjcif;oabm)- u#KuÍöK uwm (ay;urf;pGefYBuJvdkonhfpdwfudk ydwfyifí wGew Yf akd om) oabmudk 0efwrkd -I rpä&, d oHa,m ZOf[kac:\/ t0d Z Æ m oH a ,mZOf (odtyfonfu)kd rodrq I o kd nhf t0dZmÆ oHa,mZOfqdkonfrSm qif;&JürodrI? qif;&Jjzpf aMumif;ü rodr?I qif;&JcsKy&f m (edAmÁ ef) ü rodr?I qif;&JcsKyf&m (edAÁmef) odkYa&mufaMumif; tusihf ü rodrI? a&SUtzdkYü (jzpfNyD;aomcE¨m ponfwdkY ü) rodrI? aemuftzdkYü (jzpfvwåHUaomcE¨m ponfwüYkd ) rodr?I a&SUtzdYk aemuftzdüYk (jzpfNy;D jzpfvwHah om cE¨mponfwüYkd ) rodr?I þ (Z&m? r&PponfwdkY\) taMumif;w&m;ESihf (Zmwd paom xdkxkdtaMumif;udk) pGJíjzpfaom tusdK; w&m;wdkYü rodrIonf&Sd\/ þodkYoabm&Sdaom tMuifrodjcif; oabm? (trSefw&m;udk) rjrifjcif;oabm? xd;k xGi;f írodwwfaomoabm? (trSew f &m;) tm; avsmfpGmrodwwfaomoabm? (tedpö) ponf w d k Y E S i h f , S O f í rod w wf a omoabm? (rSm;,Gif;pGmodwwfaomoabm)? xdk;xGif;í

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ rodjcif;oabm? (tedpöponfjzihf) r,lwwf ao;aomoabm? (trSefw&m;) udk ouf0ifí (em;vnfí) r,lwwfaomoabm? nDnñ D w G f ñGwf r½Iwwf (tedpö ponfudk edpöponf[k rnDrñGw½f w I wf) aomoabm? rqifjcifwwf aomoabm? rsufarSmufr½Iwwfaomoabm ( taumif;tqdk;udk ra0cGJwwfaomoabm)? (pdw)f jzLpifoef&Y iS ;f rIukd zsuq f ;D aMumif;oabm? vlrdkufjzpfaMumif;oabm? aumif;pGm (cGJcGJjcm; jcm;) tjym;tm;jzihf rodwwfaomoabm? (trSefoabm) ü awGa0jcif;oabm? (trSef udkrodrI) jyif;pGmawGa0jcif;oabm? xuf0ef; usif (w&m;tm;vHk;)ü awGa0jcif;oabm? odtyfonfudkrodjcif; (opömav;yg;udk rod jcif;) oabm? 0#fqif;&Jü epfjr§Kyfapwwfaom rodro I abm? t0daZÆmC (0#fqif;&J) ü ,SOaf p wwfaom rodrIoabm- t0dZÆma,m*? tpOf ude;f 0yfwwfaom (avsmufywfaomtaMumif; udk &vQifjzpfwwfaom) rodrIoabm- t0dZÆm Elo,? (udavomwdüYk ) x<uaomif;use;f jcif; [l a om rod r I o abm- t0d Z Æ m y&d , k | me? (pD;yGm;csrf;omodkY ra&mufEdkifatmif ydwfyif wwfojzihf) wHcg;usnf (rif;wkyf) ESifhwlaom rodrIoabm- t0dZÆmv*Ð? tukodkvfwdkY\ tajcomjzpfaom (trSefoabmü) awGa0rIarm[tukovrlvonf&Sd\/ þqdktyfcJhNyD; aomoabmudk (odtyfonfu)dk rodr-I t0dZmÆ oHa,mZOf[kqdktyf\/ oHa,mZOfqdkonfrSm owå0gwdkYudk qif;&J'ku©ESihf yl;csnfwkyfaESmifxm;wwfaom oabmjzpf\/ vufxdwfajccsif;ozG,fjzpf\/ txufazmfjyyg oHa,mZOfq,fyg;rSm vufxw d f ajccsif;q,fuGif;jzpf\/ taESmiftzGJUrS vGwf ajrmuf v d k o l o nf od k Y r [k w f qif ; &J ' k u © r S vG w f a jrmuf v d k o l o nf tqd k y gvuf x d w f ? ajcusif;wdkYudk csdK;jzwfz,f&Sif;ypf&rnfjzpfyg ownf;/ usrf ; ñT e f ; -"r® o *F P D j ref r mjyef xG e f ; wih f a tmif

pmrsuf E S m 31 rS Y

ponf j zih f uRef r \a,mif ; rrsm;? a,mu©rrdbrsm;rSm ½kwfw&wfjrifvdkuf&aom jrifuiG ;f udk rMunh&f b J J toHuek af tmf[pfaeMu csdef uRefrrSm &Sm;rD;cJjzpf\/ tyl'Pfudk owd rxm;rdEkdifbJ om;BuD;udk rD;zdktwGif;rS vsifjref pG m qG J , l a yG U csD v d k u f y gonf / om;BuD ; \ acgif;wGif tat;'Pfuckd EH idk &f nf&adS p&ef uRerf udk,fwkdif xdk;xm;aom acgif;pGyfESihf odk;arT; tusÐtay:rS olYbBuD;0wfqifay;xm;aom tzdk;wefouúvyfavmif;ukwftusÐ? om;BuD; ud, k w f iG 0f wfqifxm;orQ t0wftpm;rsm;tm; vHk;udk vsifjrefoGufvufpGm qkwfNzJNyD; cRwfjypf aerdygonf/ vsifjrefvGef;vSaom uRefr\ vIy&f mS ;rIrsm;udk tm;vH;k tHt h m;oihu f m idik Mf unhf aeMuolrsm;/ uRefrrSm vufrsm;udk tylavmif jcif ; ? cd k i f c H h v S o nf h t0wf t xnf r sm;ud k pdwftm;rmeftm;jzihf qkwfNzJ&onfhtwGuf yG e f ; yJ h e musif r I r sm;ud k vH k ; 0owd r xm;Ek d i f ? *½krpdkufEkdifyg/ om;BuD;udk uRefr\ &ifcGifwGif wif;MuyfpGmaxG;ayGUxm;&if; rsuf&nfrsm;om pD;usvmygonf/ uHBu;D pGmjzihf uRerf om;Bu;D \ qHcsnfrQwpfyifudkrQ rD;avmifoGm;jcif;r&SdcJhyg/ xdpk Ofu rdcifwpfO;D \ rdro d m;Bu;D udk &ifcGif0,f uspfuspfygatmif axG;ayGU&if; rsuf&nfrsm;,dkpD;usvsuf 0rf;omrIjzihf NyHK;ae onfrh suEf mS onf urÇmay:wGif tvSyqH;k aom yef;csu D m;wpfcsyjf zpfrnfrmS taotcsmyifjzpf onf/ uRefr\ om;i,f(7) ESpfom;t&G,f ausmif;oGm;pOf uRefrwdkYtdrfta&SUbuftdrfrS acG;u vrf;bufxu G í f om;i,fukd udu k o f nf/ ]atmifrav;? tara& tara&} [laom om;i,f\atmfoHudk Mum; onfESihf uRefrvkyfvufp tvkyfudk bkwfueJ ypfcsum om;i,fxHtajy;tvTGm; oGm;rdyg onf/ om;i,f\ajcovHk;wGif acG;tpG,f&m rsm;jzihfaygufNyJNyD; aoG;rsm;xGufvmygonf/ td r f e D ; em;csif ; rsm; 0d k i f ; tH k v mMuol r sm;ud k *½krpdkufEkdiftm;yg/ om;i,fudk ayGUcsDNyD; rvdIif NrKd Ue,faq;½HBk u;D odYk tajy;tvTm;oGm;&ygonf/ ]pdwfrylygeJY acG;u taumif;vdkYajym ygw,f} [kaq;½HktkyfBuD;uajymaomfvnf; uRef r pd w f r at;Ek d i f c J h y g/ aemuf & uf w G i f om;i,fudkudkufoGm;aom acG;rSm um;BudwfcH &NyD;aooGm;&Smygonf/ uRefrrSm om;i,fudk ayGUcsDum yef;tkdifa&TrkaXmbk&m;BuD;teD;ü

acG;½l;udu k cf &H oluykd if aysmufuif;atmif uko Ekid o f nfqakd om jrefrmaq;q&mtbd;k tdk wpfO;D xH oGm;a&mufjyocJhygonf/ jrefrmorm;tdku aq;jrpfwpfjrpfudk ausmufjym;wpfcsyfay:wGif aoG;NyD; om;i,f\ acG;udkuf'Pf&mwGif vdrf; ay;onf/ xdkYaemuf rdIif;cHpuúLjzifh tem0wGif uyfxm;ay;ygonf/ ]wpfywfMumvdYk 'DpuúLuGmusomG ;wm eJY cifAsm;om;&JU acG;udkufem vHk;0aysmufoGm; vdrrfh ,f} [kajymygonf/ ajymonhftwdkif;yif wpf y wf t Mum puú L uG m usoG m ;aomtcg puúL\atmufwGif trm&Gwfyif rusef&pfcJh onfudk tHhMopGm awGUjrifcJh&ygonf/ uRefr\ vufrsm;udk rD;ylavmifpOfuvnf; jrefrmaq; enf; ]Muufq}D udo k w k v f rd ;f ay;jcif;jzihf rD;avmif zkrsm;yifxGufvmjcif;r&SdcJhyg/ rnfoq Ykd adk p om;orD;twGuf pGepYf m; &Jaom owdå&Sdol ]pGrf;tm;&Sif} rdbrsm;pGm&Sdae ygao;onfrSm uRefrwdkY\ urÇmajrBuD;udk ydkrdk vSyap&ef taxmuftuljzpfaprnfh xl;uJ onfhpGrf;tm;rsm;yifjzpfygawmhonf/ uRefrwdkY taeESihf b0topfrsm;pGmwdkYudk jyKjyifzefwD; ajymif;vJay;apwwfol pGrf;tm;&Sif arwåm&Sif rsm; rsm;pGmay:xGuv f map&ef uRerf wdt Yk m;vH;k arQmfvihfMuvdrhfrnfxifygonf/ uRefrwdkYarQmfvihfjcif;rsm;udk jynhfap ol r sm; ud k , f u sih f w &m;? rysuf p D ; apbJ *kPo f u d m© &Spd mG b0udk zefw;D ay;apol pGr;f tm; &Si?f arwåm&Sit f aygif;udk twk,Nl y;D rarhavsmh oihfyg? tu,fí arhavsmhaeMurnfqkdygu uRef r wd k Y t wG u f oH o &monf quf v uf vnfywfaeOD;rnfomjzpfygawmhonf/ ñT e f ; =arwå m ok w f ouf y d k i f N id r f ; (½k u © a A')

&mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd Nidr;f csrf;aompdwf &J&ifw h nfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0ukd &ifqidk v f suf atmifjrifpmG jzwfoef;Ekid Mf uzkYd "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU/

DHAMMA VIRA ARITICLES

"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

q| oH*g,emwifyGJawmf ud k a t;rif ; (yJ c l ; ) ]]r[m,meEd k i f i H r sm;}} 1/ *syefEdkifiH 2/ wdAufa'o 3/ w½kwfjynf 4/ AD,uferfEikd if H 5/ udk&D;,m;or®wEdkifiH 6/ *smAm;uRef; 7/ udkcsifcsdKif;em;a'o 8/ rav;uRef; 9/ upfcsif;a'o 10/ qpfuif;a'o

yÍöroH*g,emausmufxuf tu©&m wifawmfrlNyD;aemufü bk&m;jrwfpGm a[mMum; awmfrltyfonhf yd#uwfawmfwdkY onf wpfqifhrS wpfqihf ul;,lyHkESdyf&mü yk'f? ygXf? tu©&m? 0gus? u@rSpí wjznf;jznf; cRw, f iG ;f csuw f jYkd zihf >yef;vsuv f mMuavonf/ ax&0g' ig;Edik if t H wGi;f wGif oDwif; oHk; aexdkifawmfrlMuukefaom oHC&mZm? oHC em,u? *Pygarmu©? *Pm"dywd jzpfawmfrl ayukeaf om r[max&fjrwfwo Ykd nf 1/ yd#uwfawmf cRwf,Gif;csuf rsm;udk rcRwf,Gif;&avatmif xdef;odrf; apmif h a &S m uf awmf r l v d k M uaomaMumih f vnf;aumif;? 2/ rsuaf rSmufomoemudk xde;f odr;f jyKjyifawmfrlvdkMuaomaMumihfvnf;aumif;? 3/ Ak ' ¨ b momud k urÇ m od k Y jzefYjzL;awmf rlvdkMuaomaMumihfvnf;aumif;? q|oH*g,emwif r[m"r®obifyaJG wmfBu;D udk qif,ifusif;y&ef nDnDñGwfñGwf pnf;a0; qH k ; jzwf a wmf r l M uavonf / qH k ; jzwf a wmf rlMuonht f wdik ;f vnf;? jrefrmouú&mZf 1316 ckESpf? uqkefvjynhfaeY (c&pfESpf 1954 ckESpf? arv 17 &uf) rGef;wnhf 12 em&DtcsdefwGif rEÅav;NrdKU anmif&rf;wdkuf? tbd"Z r[m&| *k½k anmif&rf; q&mawmfbk&m;BuD; b'´EÅ a&0wudk oHCem,utjzpf wifajr§mufNyD; vQif ax&0g' ig;Ed k i f i H r S oH C em,u? oH C &mZ? r[max&f B uD ; rsm;trS L ;jyKí

jynf a xmif p k j ref r mEd k i f i H awmf t wG i f ; rS oHCmawmf 2473-yg;? urÇm t&yf&yf ax&0g' omoemxG e f ; vif ; &m Ed k i f i H t oD ; oD ; rS oHCmawmf 144 yg;wdo Yk nf jynfaxmifpjk refrm EdkifiHawmf &efukefNrdKUESihf ig;rdkif cefYuGma0;aom urÇ m at;apwD a wmf w nf & m oD & d r *F v m ukef;ajrtwGif;&Sd ]]q|oH*Dwd r[myg omP *k[m}} rnfaom vdkPf*ltwGif;ü jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if aH wmf or®wBu;D a'gufwm OD;bOD;udk 'g,umjyKum q|oH * g,em (puú L xuf tu©&m) udk pwifawmfrlMu onf/ q|oH*g,em r[m"r®yo JG bifBu;D udk oEédygwtm;jzihf ig;&yfcGJjcm;qif,ifusif;y&m xdkoEédygwrsm;odkY oH*Dwdum&utjzpfjzihf vnf;aumif;? tm*EÅK{nhfonfawmftjzpfjzihf vnf;aumif; atmufazmfjyyg wkdif;EdkifiHrsm;rS wufa&mufMuavonf/ ]]ax&0g'Ed k i f i H r sm;}} 1/ jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHawmf 2/ xdkif;EdkifiH 3/ oD&dvuFmEdkifiH 4/ uarÁm'D;,m;EdkifiH 5/ avmEdkifiH 6/ tdE´d,EdkifiH 7/ ygupöwefEdkifiH 8/ tif'dkeD;&Sm;EdkifiH 9/ edaygvfEdkifiH 10/ t0uRef; 11/ uyvduRef;

]]y|r oEé d y gw}} y|roEé d y gwud k jref r mouú & mZf 1316 ckESpf? uqkefvjynhfaeY? c&pfESpf 1954 ckESpf arv 17 &ufaeY) rGef;wnhftcsdefwGif tbd"Z rm[m&|*k½k anmif&rf;q&mawmf bk&m;BuD; b'ÉÅa&0wu oHCem,utjzpf aqmif&Gufawmfrlum jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiH awmf or®wBuD;u omoemh'g,umtjzpfcH,l í tcrf;tem; pwifzGihfvSpfawmfrlonf/ xdktcsdefu jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiH awmf zqyv tpdk;&tzGJU 0efBuD;csKyfOD;Eku ]]t&Sifbk&m;wdkY\ "r®pufonf jyefYESHYygapo wnf ; / wynh f a wmf w k d Y \ tmPmpuf o nf jzpfygvdrfhvwHh}} [k avQmufxm;avonf/ EdkifiHawmf Ak'ömoemawmftzGJU Ouú|BuD; qmOD;oGifuvnf; EdkifiHawmftpdk;&ESihf wkdif;ol jynfom; taygif;wdkY\udk,fpm; Ak'ömoem tzG J U BuD ; u ypö n f ; av;yg;'g,umtjzpf cH,lygonf[k avQmufxm;avonf/ oH*Dwdum&u oHCmawmf 2500wdkYonf zGihfyGJoHk;&ufwGif pHkpHknDnDwufa&muf Muí usef&ufrsm;wGifum; oHCmawmftyg; 500 wdkYu oH*g,emwifawmfrlMu&m jrefrm ouú&mZf 1316-ckESpf 0gqdkvqef; (7) &uf? (c&pfESpf -1954 ckESpf? Zlvdkifv (7) &ufaeY) wGif y|roEédygw oH*g,emwifjcif; NyD;pD; avonf/ Oykoaf eYrsm;ESifh em;&ufrsm; tvGwf y|roEéw d oH*g,emwifonh&f ufaygif; (41) &ufMumonf/ y|r oEédygwwGif atmufygyd#uwdkY

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/ udk oH*g,emwifawmfrlMuonf/ 0de, yd#u pmtkyfa&- 5tkyf usrf;ta&twGuf- 5 usrf; pmrsuEf mS ta&twGu-f 2260 rsuEf mS / ]]'k w d , oEé d y gw}} 'kwd, oEédygwudk jrefrmouú&mZf 1316- ckESpf? wefaqmifrkef;vjynhfausmf (5) &uf (c&pfESpf 1954-ckESpf? Edk0ifbmv (15) &uf a eY ) wG i f pwif z G i f h v S p f & m tbd " Z r[m&|*k½k anmif&rf;q&mawmfbk&m;BuD; b'´ E Å a &0wu oH C mem,utjzpf aqmif&GufawmfrlNyD; EdkifiHawmfor®wBuD;u tcrf;tem; zGihfvSpfay;awmfrlonf/ oH*Dwdum&u oHCmawmf 500 wdkY onf OykofaeYrsm;ESihf trsdK;om;aeYpaom tm;vyf&ufrsm;rSwyg; aeYpOf oH*g,emwif awmfrMl u&m jrefrmouú&mZf 1316- ckEpS ?f wydYk wGJvqef; (6) &uf? (c&pfESpf 1955 ck? Zefe0g &Dv 29- &uf) aeYwGif 'kwd, oEédygw oH*g ,emwifjcif; Ny;D qH;k avonf/ 'kw, d oEéyd gw oH C m,emwif & mwG i f &uf a ygif ; (65) &ufMum avonf/ atmufyg yd#uawmfwu Ykd kd þoEéyd g wwGif oH*g,emwif NyD;pD;avonf/ 1/ 'DCedum,f- 3 usrf;? 3 tkyf 2/ rZÑdredum,f- 3 usrf;? 3 tkyf 3/ oH,kwåedum,f- 5 usrf;? 3 tkyf pkpkaygif;pmtkyfa&- 9 tkyf pmrsufESmaygif;- 3439 rsufESm ]]wwd , oEé d y gw}} wwd, oEéyd gw oH*g,emwifyu JG kd jrefrmouú&mZf 1317-ckEpS ?f uqkev f qef; (7) &uf? (c&pfESpf 1955-ck? {NyDv (28) &ufaeY wGif pwifusi;f yavonf/ y|rydik ;f tcrf;tem; zGiyhf w JG iG f uarÁm'D;,m;Edik if H omoemydik f t*¾r [my@dw b'´EÅaZmwÓP okar"m"dywd r[max&fu em,utjzpfjzihf aqmif&Guf awmfrí l uarÁm'D;,m;Edik if 0H efBu;D csKyu f tcrf; tem;zGihfvSpfay;onf/ 'k w d , yd k i f ; zG i f h y G J w G i f avmEd k i f i H omoem ydkif bE´EaÅ vmu&|d r[max&fu oHCem,u tjzpfjzihf aqmif&Gufawmfrlí avmEd k i f i H td r f a &S U Oy&mZmrif ; om;BuD ; ]qAef A uf o em} u tcrf;tem;zGihfvSpfay;onf/ oH*Dwdum&u oHCmawmf 500 wdkY onf wwd,oEédygwtwGuf oH*g,emwif awmfrMl u&m jrefrmouú&mZf 1317- ckEpS ?f 0gqdk vqef; (13) &uf? c&pfESpf 1955-ck? Zlvdkifv

(2) &ufaeYwGif NyD;pD;avonf/ OykofaeYrsm;ESifh tjcm;tm;vyfonhf&ufrsm;rSwyg; þwwd, oEédygw oH*g,emwifonhf &ufaygif; (57) &ufMumavonf/ wwd,oEédygwudk ]]urÁKZ vm0}} [lívnf; trnfwGifaponf/ urÁKZvm0 oEédygwwGif atmufyg yd#uawmfrsm;udk tNy;D tpD; oH*g,emwifawmf rlMuonf/ 1/ t*kFwå&edum,f - 11 usrf;? 4 tkyf 2/ tbd"r®yd#ua&SUydkif;- 6 usrf;? 7 tkyf pkpkaygif; pmtkyfa& -11 tkyf? pmrsufESmaygif;- 3903 rsufESm ]]pwk w ¬ oEé d y gw}} pwkw¬oEédygwudk jrefrmouú&mZf 1317- ckESpf? ewfawmfvqef; (2) &uf? (c&pf ESpf 1955 ck? 'DZifbmv 16 &ufaeY) wGif pwif z G i h f v S p f & m xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H oH C mem,u ]]aqmh'*sf z&mh0e&w udwådaombPax&f}} u oHCmhem,utjzpf aqmif&GufawmfrlNyD; xkid ;f Edik if 0H efBu;D csKyf zD;vfrm&S,f ]]yDyrG q f rG *f &rf}} u tcrf;tem;zGihfvSpfavonf/ oH*Dwdum&u oHCmawmf 500 wdkY onf oH*g,emwifawmfrlMu&m pwkw¬oEéd ygw oH*g,emwifjcif;onf jrefrmouú&mZf 1317- ckESpf? wydkYwGJ vqef; (5) &uf? c&pfESpf 1956-ck? azazmf0g&Dv (16) &ufaeYwGif NyD;pD; atmif j rif c J h a vonf / Oyk o f a eY r sm;ES i f h em;&ufrsm;rSwyg; oH*g,emwifonhf &uf aygif; (54) &ufMumavonf/ þoEéyd gwudk ]]osmr oEédygw}} [k ac:wGifavonf/ osmr oEédygwwGif atmufyg yd#u awmfrsm;udk tNyD;tpD; oH*g,emwifawmf rlMu onf/ 1/ y|mef;usrf;BuD; - 5 tkyf 2/ ck'úedum,f ck'úygVdawmfrS plVeda'ó ygVdawmftxd 15 usrf;? 6 tkyf pkpkaygif; pmtkyfa& -11 tkyf? pmrsufESmaygif;- 4985 rsufESm ]]yÍö r oEé d y gw}} yÍör oEédygwudk jrefrmouú&mZf 1318- ckESpf? wefcl;vqef; (13) &uf? (c&pf ES p f 1956 ck ? {NyD v 24 &uf a eY ) wG i f pwifusif;yavonf/ oD&dvuFmEdkifiH oHC *d k P f ; toD ; oD ; wd k Y \ OD ; pD ; *d k P f ; csKyf oH C r[mem,u b'ÉÅ o&PuF&r[max&fu oHCem,utjzpf aqmif&Gufawmfrlí oD&d vuFmEdik if H omoema&;ESifh ,Ofaus;rI0efBu;D u

tcrf;tem;udk zGihfvSpfavonf/ yÍöroEédygwtwGuf oH*Dwdum&u oHCmawmf 500 wdkYonf OykofaeYrsm;ESifh tjcm;em;&ufrsm;rSwyg; oH*g,emwifawmf rlMu&m &ufaygif; (28) &ufjynhfaomtcgwGif NyD;pD;avonf/ þoEédygwudk ]]oD&dvuFm oEédygw}} [k trnfwGifaponf/ oD&dvuFm oEédygwwGif atmufyg yd#uawmfrsm;udk oH*g,emwifawmfrMl uonf/ 1/ ygXZmwu ygVdawmf 2/ y#dorÇd'gr*¾ygVdawmf 3/ aewåd ygVdawmf 4/ ay#aumya'o ygVdawmf 5/ rdvdEýO§m ygVdawmf pkpak ygif; usr;f ta&twGu-f 5 usr;f pmtkyfta&twGuf - 4 tkyf? pmrsufESmaygif;- 1941 rsufESm q|oH*g,emwifyGJawmfBuD; pwif usi;f yonhaf eYrpS í atmifjrifNy;D qH;k onhaf eYwikd f ykpäuq&mawmftjzpf r[mpnf q&mawmf b'ÉaÅ ombeu aqmif&u G af wmfrí l wdy#d u "& "r®b@m*g&du b'ÉÅ0dpdwåom&m bd0Ho t&S i f j rwf u 0d ó ZÆ u q&mawmf tjzpf aqmif&Gufawmfrlonf/ q| oH*g,em (puúLxuf tu©&m) wif r[m"r®yaJG wmfBu;D udk &efuek Nf rKd U oD&rd *Fvm urÇmat;uke;f ajrtwGi;f &Sd ]]r[mygomP*k[m}} rnfaom vdkPf*lawmfBuD;twGif;ü jrefrm ouú&mZf 1316- ckESpf? uqkefvjynhfaeY? c&pfESpf 1954-ck? arv (17) aeYrS pwif usif;ycJh&m omoemawmf ouú&mZf 2500 wif;wif;jynhfaomaeY? jrefrm ouú&mZf 1318 ckESpf? uqkefvjynhfaeY? c&pf ESpf 1956 ck? arv- 24 &ufaeYwGif atmifjrif NyD;qHk;jcif;odkY a&mufownf;/ þoH*g,emwifyw JG iG f yÍöroH*g,em wif rif;wkef;bk&ifvufxufawmfu ausmuf xuf t u© & mwif x m;aom rEÅ a v;awmif aumif;rlawmfausmufpmrlrsm;udk pkaygif;&Gwq f kd jcif;? ul;,lpufwifyEkH ydS jf cif;? aemufyikd ;f wGif ygVd awmfrsm;udk bmomjyefqjkd cif;rsm; jyKvyk o f nf/ wpfpHkwpf&m pDppfjcif;? jyKjyifjcif;? wnf;jzwf jcif;rsm; rjyKvkyfcJh/ ]]q|oH * D w d r[mygomP*k [ m vd k P f * l awmf B uD ; wnf a qmuf y H k } } xdkpOfu jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiH awmf 0efBuD;csKyfOD;EkESihfwuG EdkifiHawmfAk'¨ omoemh Ek * ¾ [ tzG J U 0if v l B uD ; rsm;ES i h f

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfonf/

Ak'¨bmom0ifjzpfMuaom tjcm;xif&Sm;aom yk*Kd¾ vBf u;D rsm; onf ]]q| oH*w D d r[mygomP *k[m}}rnfaom oH*g,emwif vdkPf*lawmf BuD;udk wnfaqmuf&eftwGuf &efukefNrdKUrS ig;rdkifcefY uGma0;aom a&ul;&yf&Sd oD&dr*Fvm urÇmat;ukef;ajrwGif jrefrmouú&mZf 1314 ckESpf? wydkYwGJvqef; 1-&ufaeY? c&pfESpf 1953 ck? ZEé0g&Dv 15 &ufaeYü t&yf&SpfrsufESm wpfNyKd ief uf yEéu½f u kd cf MhJ uavonf/ xdaYk emuf aeY p Of y Qrf ; rQ t&m&S d ? t&mcH &mxrf ; rI x rf ; tvk y f o rm; aygif ; (8500) cef Y yg0ifvyk af qmifcMhJ u&m jrefrmouú&mZf 1316ck E S p f ? uqk e f v qef ; 8-&uf a eY ? c&pf E S p f 1954ck? rwfv- 10 &ufaeYwGif vdkPf*l awmf B uD ; NyD ; pD ; avonf / vd k P f * l a wmf B uD ; wnf a qmuf & mwG i f uk e f u sonh f p&d w f a iG r S m pk p k a ygif ; xd k p Of u jref r m Ed k i f i H a wmf o H k ; usyf a iG o d e f ; wpf & mcef Y uk e f u svd r h f r nf [ k cef Y r S e f ; &ay rnf /

y|roH*g,emwif&m &mZN*dK[fjynf a0bm&awmif&H p&nf;yifa&muf&m owåyPÖd vdkPfawmfBuD;udk &nfpl;íaqmufvkyfxm;jcif; jzpfojzihf ]]r[mygomP *k[m}} vdkPf*lawmf BuD;udk tjyifbufrSaeíMunhfvQif ausmuf awmifBuD;wpfck[k xifrSwf&avonf/ vdkPf*l twGif;odkY 0ifa&mufMunhf½IygrS ausmufawmif Bu;D rSm oD;oefyY Eéuw f idk Bf u;D ajcmufwidk af y:wGif wnf&Sdaeonfudk awGUjrifEdkifonf/ ]]r[mygomP *k[m}} vdkPf*lawmf Bu;D \tjyifbuf ywf0ef;usirf mS tvsm; (455) ay? teH (370) ay &Sad vonf/ twGi;f bufrmS rl tvsm; (220) ay? teH (140) ay&Sad vonf/ ajcmufBudrfajrmuf oH*g,emwifonhf txdrf; trSwftjzpfjzihf vdkPf*lawmfBuD;twGif;odkY 0ifa&muf&ef wHcg;Bu;D ajcmufayguf azmufxm; onhjf yif vdP k *f t l wGi;f wGiv f nf; wdik Bf u;D ajcmuf wkdif pdkufxlxm;avonf/ &wemoHk;yg;udk&nfpl;vsuf vdkPf*l

awmfBuD;\twGif;eH&Hudk azmufxGif;xm;onhf taygufoHk;qihf&Sdavonf/ wpfzeftayguf &S d & m eH & H w pf x yf w pf x yf v Qif y|mef ; 24 ypönf;udk &nfpl;vsuf taygufaygif; (24) aygufpD &Sdjyefavonf/ vdkPf*lawmfBuD;\ rsufESmusufESihf tay:qHk;avpkyfaygufrsm;ü "r® p MumwH q d y f a wmf j zih f 0ef ; &H t k y f N cH K í xm;avonf/ vdP k *f al wmfBu;D tjyifbufukd ywf&ef vrf;ESpfxyf&Sdonf/ vdkPf*lawmfBuD;udk ywfí oGm;&ef &Spaf ycefu Y s,o f nhf twGi;f vdP k *f v l rf; vnf; ESpx f yfyif&adS vonf/ twGi;f buftay: vrf; awmifbufrS avSum;ESpq f ih?f ajrmufbuf rS avSum;wpfqihEf iS fh "mwfavSum;wpfcv k nf; &Sad vonf/ vdP k *f al wmfBu;D \ ajrmufyikd ;f twGi;f bufü txyfaygif;av;xyf&&dS m tay:qH;k xyf wGif Ak'¨½kyfyGm;awmfwpfql&Sdavonf/ ]]r[mygomP *k[m}} vdkPf*lawmf pmrsuf E S m 22od k Y

pmrsuf E S m 15rS Y wufrpD;awmhbJ ESpfa,mufpvkH; vrf;avQmuf vmMuonf/ vlwdkYonf xkdtjcif;t&mukd jrifjyef aomtcgwGifvnf; jrnf;wpfaumifvkH; ygyg vsuf rpD;bJ vrf;avQmufvmonfukd uJh&JU ajymqkMd ujyefonf/ xkt d cg om;tzESpaf ,muf wdkYonf rnfodkYjyK&rnfrodjzpfum jrnf;ukd awmxJ o d k Y o m jyef v T w f a y;vk d u f a vonf / xk d t cgusrS vl w d k Y o nf ol w d k Y o m;tztm; t½l;trkdufrsm;[kqkdum ykdíuJh&JUMuavawmh onf/ xko d m;tzESpaf ,mufwo Ydk nf rnfoyYdk if jyKjyK tuJh&JUcH&jcif;rS vGwfajrmufjcif;r&SdcJh Muay/ uREfkyfwdkYonf rnfokdYyifjyKjyK tuJh&JU cH&jcif;ESihf csD;rGrf;cH&jcif;rS vGwfrnfr[kwfay/ vkyfoihfvkyfxkdufo nfukdo m vkyfM u&rnf jzpfayonf/ tuJh&JU cH&rnfa Mumufa om aMumihf rdrdtvkyfudkum; rvkyfírjzpfay/ rvkyfvQif rdrdom qkH;½IH;epfemayvdrfhrnf/ xkaYd Mumihf vkyo f ihv f yk x f u dk o f nfuo dk m pOf;pm; NyD; &J&J0Hh0HhjyKvkyfMu&ayrnf/ rdrd bmyJvkyfvkyf vlwdkYonfum; BuHzefí uJh&JUaeMuOD;rnfom jzpfayonf/ vkdvQifwpfrsKd; rvdkvQifwpfzkH jyKral jymqkw d wfaom þavmu0,f cs;D rGr;f jcif; ESihf uJh&JUjcif;ukd vlwkdif; BuKHawGUMu&rnfom jzpfayonf/ csD;rGrf;jcif;? uJh&JUjcif;rsm;ukd avhvm

Munh f a omtcg csD ; rG r f ; ol o nf rd r d E S i h f tqifrajyol? odkYr[kwf NyKdifbufjzpfaeolom jzpf z k d Y r sm;onf / xd k o l w d k Y u om rd r d t m; uJ h & J U ½I w f c srI w d k Y u k d jyKwwf y gonf / rd r d E S i h f tqifajyol? rdrd\rdwfaqG jzpfolwkdYonf rdrdtm; uJh&JU½Iwfcsrnfr[kwf ay/ uJh&JUwwfol\ ajymqkdaompum;oH ukd avhvmMunfhrnfqkdvQifvnf; rvkdvm;tyf aom pum;oHrsm;? rvkv d m;tyfaom trlt&m rsm;? remvkd 0efwkdrIrsm;ukd awGUjrifEkdifygonf/ xk d t rl t &mrsm;onf xk d o l \ twG i f ; pd w f r S ay:aygufvmMujcif;jzpfay&m xkdol\twGif; pdwfukdyg cefYrSef;MunhfEkdifygonf/ uJh&JUajymqkd ol\ twGif;pdwfwGif remvkd 0efwdkrIrsm; vTrf;rkd;aewwfygonf/ uJh&JUajymqkdolonf rdrd\twGif;pdwfukd olwpfyg;wdkYtm; azmfjy ouJhodkY jzpfaomaMumihf rdrdonf olwpfyg;wdkY tm; uJh&JUajymqkdjcif;ukd jyKrnfqkdvQif owdjyK a&S m if M uOf o ih f a yonf / tcsKd U yk * ¾ K d v f r sm;u csD;rGrf;oa,mifESihf uJh&JU½Iwfcswwf onfrsm; vnf; &Sad yonf/ rnfoyYkd ifqadk p ol\pum;oH ESihf trlt&m wdkYukdMunhfvQif odEkdifygonf/ trS e f w u,f csD ; rG r f ; ajymqk d o l E S i h f csD ; rG r f ; csiaf ,mifaqmifow l o Ykd nf olw\ Ykd twGi;f pdwf rsm;ukd zkH;uG,f xm;í r&Ekdifyg/ pma&;olwdkY tNrJrjywf BuKHawGUae& wwfonfum; csD;rGrf;oa,mifESihf rxdwxd uhJ&JU½IwfcsajymqkdrIrsm;yif jzpfonf/ omref

tm;jzihMf unhv f Qif cs;D rGr;f aeonf[k xif&aomf vnf; trSew f u,f cs;D rGr;f jcif; r[kwaf y/ ol\ pum;oH? ajymqkd[efukd Munhfjcif;jzihf odEkdif ygonf/ tcsKdUolrsm;um; xkdodkYajymqkdjcif;ü tusihfp½kdufwpfckyif jzpfaewwfayonf/ rxdwxdajymvkduf&rS auseyfaewwfonf/ rdrdtay: csD;rGrf;rIrsm;? uJh&JUrIrsm; jyKvmvQif vnf; 0rf;omjcif;? 0rf;enf; jcif;rsm; jzpfraebJ [kwfvQif[kwfaMumif;? r[kwfvQif r[kwfaMumif; ajymjyjcif;jzihf csD;rGrf;jcif;? uhJ&JUjcif;rsm;ukd wHkYjyef&ifqkdifMu&rnf jzpfay onf/ usrf ; ñT e f ; -oD v u© e f t |uxm &S i f y nm(anmif a v;yif )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

'ku©xJu ork', "r®rdwfaqG wlav;? wlrav;wdkYa&/ ]]b0gba0 tqufqufu ESpfjzm? ygavcsuf ork',wPSm? 'Db0rSm reD;&&if av? BuD;armihf'ku©m..}} &,fvdkY cspfolukd a&mf&nfrSef;NyD; vGrf;aw;uAsma&;zGJUcJhwmukd pma;q&m wuúodkvfbkef;Ekdif&JU0w¦Kwpfyk'frSm zwf ½ I c J h & zl ; ygw,f / ork ' ,oH a ,mZOf aESmifBuKd;awGeJY &pfywfaESmifzGJUaewJh ykxkZOf awG&JUb0o½kyfygyJ/ wl? wlrav;wdkYa&../ jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;awmfrlcJhwJh y#dpöorkyÜg'fw&m;awmfrSmvnf; (zóypö,m a0'em) tawGUtxdaMumifh cHpm;rIjzpfw,f/ (a0'em ypö,mwPSm) cHpm;rIaMumihf wyfruf rIjzpfw,f/(wPSmypö,mOyg'gef) wyfruf rIaMumihf pGJvrf;rIjzpfw,f/ (Oyg'gef ypö,m b0) pGJvrf;rIaMumihf b0qdkwm jzpfvmyg owJu h , G /f b0&JU aMumif;usK;d qufawGuawmh Zmwd? Z&m? Asm"d? r&PqkdwmawGaygh/ 'DvkdeJYyJ b0oHo&mBuD;[m tzefzefwvJvJ vnfae &wmyg/ cspfwJholeJY uGJuGm&jcif;? rcspfrESpf oufoel YJ twlae&jcif;awG[m a0'emyg/ tJ'g 'ku©opömyg/ jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu 'ku©ukd tajc cHNyD;awmh ]]"r®pMumw&m;}} ukd a[mMum;cJh ygw,f/ xkdYaemufwpfzef t0dZÆmESihf wPSmukd tajccH í ]]y#d p ö o rk y Ü g 'f } } w&m;awmf u k d taMumif;w&m;? tusKd;w&m; xif&Sm;atmif a[mawmfrlygw,fuG,f/ "r®rdwfaqG wl? wlrav;wkdYa&../ oH a ,mZOf u vnf ; (10)rsKd ; &Sdw,fuGJU/ bmawGvJqkd&if(1) umr&m* oHa,mZOf/ (2) ½ly&m* oHa,mZOf/ (3) t½ly&m* oHa,mZOf/ (4) y#dC oHa,mZOf/ (5) rme oHa,mZOf/ (6) 'd|d oHa,mZOf/ (7) oDvAÁw y&mrmo oHa,mZOf/ (8) O'¨pö oHa,mZOf/ (9) t0dZÆm oHa,mZOfwdkY jzpfMuygw,f/ "r®rdwfaqG wlav;? wlrav;wdkYa&/ 'k u © ñ T e f x J u ork ' ,oH a ,mZOf awGukd odom? jrifomatmif 0w¦Kwpfyk'feJY om"u xk w f a zmf j ycsif y gw,f / a*gwr jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif vufxufawmftcgu trsKd;

rsKd ; jrih f ( atmif v H )

aumif;orD;wpfa,muf[m rdbrsm;pDpOfay; wJholeJY tdrfaxmifjyKvkduf&ygowJh/ tJ'DtrsKd; orD;[m tdraf xmifjyKNy;D aemuf cifyeG ;f onfudk toem;cH awmif;yefNyD; ax&Dr (&[ef;rdef;r) 0wfygw,f/ 'gayr,fh olYrSm cifyGef;onf&JU udk,f0efygoGm;owJhuG,f/ ax&Drtjzpf ol &[ef;0wfwmu bk&m;&Sif&JU ausmif;awmf r[kwfyg/ a'0'wf&JUausmif;rSm &[ef;0wfwm jzpfygw,f/ ax&Dr jzpfNy;D rS uk, d 0f ef&v dS mwJt h cg a'0'wf & J U wynh f o m0uBuD ; awG u ol w d k Y ausmif;u ESifxkwfNyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;&JUausmif; awmfukd ydkYvTwfvkdufygw,f/ bk&m;&Sif ausmif; awmfrSm 0domcgausmif;trBuD; yg0ifwJhtzGJUeJY ppf a q;MuwJ h t cg &[ef ; r0wf c if vl 0 wf aMumifb0u yg&SdvmwJh oaE¨om; ukd,f0ef jzpf a Mumif ; ay:ayguf v mygw,f / 'D v k d e J Y ax&Drav;crsm bk&m;&Sif&JUausmif;awmfrSm om;av;zGm;jrifNy;D uav;u ik.d .? ao;u pked YJ qGrf;cHxGufvdkYr&? w&m;usihfBuHvdkYr&/ 'ku© jzpfaeygawmhw,f/ &ufawG vawGMumvm awmh tm[m&csKdUwJhNyD; tdyf&mxJ vJ&&Smwm ayhg/ wpfaeYrmS awmh jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siu f dk zl;awGU &ef ausmif;awmfodkY aumovrif;BuD;a&muf &Sv d mpOf uav;iko d MH um;&vkYd rSL;rwfawG &SmazG pkHprf;MuwJhtcg taMumif;pkHod&SdNyD; uav;ukd eef;awmfokdY ac:aqmifoGm;ygw,f/ eef;wGi;f rSm aumif;rGepf mG Bu;D jyif;vm wJo h m;av;[m touf 12 ESpt f &G,rf mS &[ef; omraP0wfNyD; w&m;usihfvkdufwm? a&S;yg&rD aMumihf rMumcifrSmyJ &[EÅmjzpfoGm;cJhygw,f/ wlav; wlrav;wdkYa&../ rdcif ax&DrBuD;uawmh om;av;

&[ef;0wfoGm;NyDqkdwJhowif;pum; Mum;od& awmh pdwyf Nl y;D ]om;} qkw d hJ oHa,mZOfeYJ vku d v f H &SmazGygowJ/h aomu? y&da'0qkw d hJ 'kur© ;D awG awmufavmif&Smygw,f/ om;av;eJY awGUwJh tcg &[EÅ m jzpf a ewJ h om;&[ef ; av;u rdcifBuD;&JU oHa,mZOf'ku©awGukd w&m;tjrifeJY ]tod} 0if&ef apwemjzihf ypfypfcgcg cyfMurf; Murf; ajymqkdum ESifxkwfvkdufygowJh/ tJ'Dvkd Murf;Murf;wrf;wrf; qD;BuKd ajym&uf w J h om;&[ef ; uk d pd w f e moG m ;NyD ; (rcspf a wmh b J ) oH a ,mZOf j zwf u m w&m; tvkyfrSm tm½kHpkdufvkdufrS orm"dw&m;&&Sd vmNyD; aomwmyefjzpfoGm;ygw,fwJhuG,f/ 'gaMumihf r[mpnfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD; qkH;r awmfrlcJhovkd ]]pGJvQif qif;&Jrnf? pGefYvQif csrf;omrnf}} qkdwmukd owdjyKoihfMuygw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifuvnf; 'ku©opömukd od& rnf/ ork',opömukd y,f&rnf vdYk a[mawmf rlygw,f/ "r®rdwfaqG wl? wlrav;wdkYa&../ 'ku©a&mufaewm[m ig? olwpfyg;? a,musfm;? rdef;r? vl? ewf? jA[®m? owå0grsm; r[kwfyg/ ½kyfemrfESpfyg;? tm½kHig;yg;omvQif w&m;cHtppfjzpfygw,f/ 'ku©a&mufatmif vkyfaewm ork', opömygyJuG,f/ usr;f ñTe;f ="r®y'0w¬K =tbd"r®wo ¬ *F[ rsKd ; jrih f ( atmif v H )

12345678901234567890123456789012123456789 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789 THE AIM AND WAY OF LIFE 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789

qifjcifwHkw&m;ESihf t"dyÜg,fjynhf0aom b0vrf;pOf(3) A Rational and Meaningful way of life (3) -

By. Venerable Dr.K. Sri Dhammananda, JSM., Ph.D., D.Litt. Translated into Myanmar by. Dhamma V1ra Thandar Aung; International Therava-da Buddhist Missionary University, Yangon.

"r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmif (tjynf j ynf q k d i f & max&0g'wuú o k d v f )

Ä þrZÑd r y#d y 'gtv,f t vwf v rf ; onf pd w f u l ; ,Of j 'yf r J h ½k y f v G e f ' óevnf ; r[k w f / t,l r S m ; trS w f r S m ; oD v AÁ w y&mrmow&m; vnf ; r[k w f / razmuf r jyef {uef r S e f a om t&d , opö Ó Pf y G i h f v if ; rI jzpf a y:apaom vrf ; pOf o mjzpf o nf / qif ; &J j cif ; od k Y r [k w f rauseyf j cif ; wd k Y r S vG w f a jrmuf a paom vrf ; pOf v nf ; jzpf o nf / Ä The middle path is neither a metaphysical nor a ritualistic path; It is a path of Enlightenment, a means of deliverance from suffering or unsatisfactoriness.

Noble Path The noble eight-fold path taught in this way of life is perfect-understanding, perfect-though, perfect-speech, perfectaction, perfect-livelihood, perfect-effort, perfect-mindfulness and perfect-concentration. This unique middle path is a code of morality which paves the way for people to lead a noble and peaceful life. The middle path is neither a metaphysical nor a ritualistic path; it is neither dogmatism nor scepticism; neither self-indulgence nor self-torture; neither eternalism nor nihilism; neither a law given by some divine authority nor a mere imagination of man. It is a path of Enlightenment, a means of deliverance from suffering or unsatisfactoriness. This way of life rejects the idea that human beings are suffering today because of their original sins. Every living thing, including plant life, experiences suffering. Every person carries his or her merits and demerits individually. Human beings are solely responsible for their own pain or pleasure. One who follows the middle path should find real peace and happiness. One should be able to lead a respectable life without being a slave to any form of belief, thus contributing to one's peace and happiness by living in complete harmony with others and the environment. (To be continued) Dhamma V1-ra Thandar Aung. ITBM University, Yangon.

jrih f j rwf a omvrf ; rdrdwdkYb0c&D;vrf;twGuf ñTefjyay;awmfrlwJh jrifhjrwfaom t*Fg&Spw f efweYkd YJ jynhpf w kH hJ usipfh Of"r®qw kd m[m vH;k 0OóHk odem;vnfap jcif;? vHk;0tjypfuif;pGmBuHpnfjcif;? vHk;0tjypfuif;pGm ajymqdkEkdifjcif;? vHk;0tjypfuif;pGm jyKvkyfEkdifjcif;? vHk;0tjypfuif;pGm toufarG; 0rf;ausmif;jyKEkdifjcif;? vHk;0tjypfuif;pGm BudK;pm;tm;xkwfEkdifjcif;? vHk;0 jynhpf akH umif;rGepf mG atmufarhtrSw&f Ekid jf cif;ESifh vH;k 0jynhpf akH umif;rGepf mG wnfMunfEkdifapjcif;wdkYESihf jynhfpHkonfh aumif;jrwfaom "r®w&m;jzpfyg w,f/ tJ't D vGew f &mrS xl;jcm;wJh tv,ftvwfvrf;pOfqw kd m[m vltaygif;udk jrihfjrwfat;Nidrf;csrf;omwJh b0udk ydkifqdkifaexdkifapzdkY azmfaqmifay;wJh vlYusihf0wfodu©mw&m;wpfckvnf;jzpfygw,f/ 'DrZÑdry#dy'gtv,ftvwfvrf;qdkwm[m pdwfulk;,Ofj'yfrJh ½kyfvGef'óewpf&yfvnf; r[kwf/ t,lrSm;trSwfrSm; oDvAÁw y&mrmo qdkwJhw&m;vnf; r[kwf/ tawG;tac: t,ltqwpf&yfudk vnf; w&m;aopGu J ikd x f m;wJh wpf,o l wef0g'vnf; r[kw/f b,ft,l 0g'b,fbmoma&;0g'udkrS r,HkMunf vufrcHEkdifwJh oHo,0g'rsKd; vnf;r[kw?f qE´tvdu k v kd u kd Nf y;D umr*kPcf pH m;wJh umrokcvdu ’ tusifh w&m;vnf;r[kwf/ udk,fcE¨mudk n§if;qJESdyfpufEkdifrS wefumusapwJh twåudvrxtusihfw&m;vnf;r[kwf/ toufvdyfjym 0dnmOf twå xm0&wnfNrw J ,fvYkd ,HMk unfvufcw H hJ oów'd|v d nf;r[kw/f aoqH;k wJhtcg tvHk;pHk t<uif;rJh csKyfNidrf;jywfpJw,f&,fvdkY ,HkMunf,lqwJh Oapä''d|w d &m;vnf;r[kw/f aumif;uifbrkH S pHjref;aewJh bk&m;wpfyg;yg; u jy|mef;xm;wJh w&m;Oya'vnf; r[kwf/ vlom;awG&JU BuHpnfpdwf pmrsuf E S m 30 ok d Y