DV26-03 by Thomas Winn

Comforting wisdom for life

pdwfqdk;pdwf,kwf[lonf tBuD;rm;qHk;&efolrnf\ An Ill- Disposed mind is the greatest enemy

NidrfNid;csrf ;OD; OD;; r f ; csrf à cd;k olwpfa,mufonf tjcm;cd;k olwpfa,mufukd vnf;aumif;? &efow l pfa,mufonf tjcm;&efolwpfa,mufudk vnf;aumif;? tusdK;rJhjyKjim;tHh/ raumif;ojzihf xm;tyf aom pdwfqdk;pdwf,kwfonf rdrdudk,fudk xkdxuftqrsm;pGm ,kwfrmapatmif jyKvkyfav&m\/ Whatever (harm) a foe may do to a foe, or a hater to a hater, yet an ill- directed à mind can do oneself far greater (harm). Diso disam. yam. tam. kayiraveri va- pana verinam. . Miccha- panihitam. cittam. pa-piyo nam. tato kare.

'daom 'doH ,HwH u,d&m a0&D 0gye a0&D e H / rdpäm yPd[dwH pdwåH ygyd a ,meH wawmua&/ *gxm (42) eE´ a *gygvu EG m ;ausmif ; om;0w¬ K

Nanda, the herdsman

ok w å E Å y d # uck ' ´ u ed u m, "r® y ' ygVdawmfvm *gxmtrSwf (42) jzpfaom pdw0å *fvm 'd a om'd o H tpjzmaom þa'oemawmf ud k jrwfpGmbk&m;onf aumovZeyk'fü oDwif;oHk;pH aeawmf r l p Of eE´ r nf a om EG m ;ausmif ; om;ud k taMumif;jyKí a[mMum;awmfro l nf/

While on a visit to a village in the kingdom of Kosala, the Buddha uttered Verse (42) of the Suttanta Pitaka, Khuddaka Nika-ya, DHAMMAPADA(The Highly Treasured book), Citta vagga (The Mind), with reference to Nanda (Nanda gopa-laka) the Herdsman.

pmrsufESm 24 odkY

q&mBuD ; OD ; a&T a tmif \ tjrif r sm;ajymif ; vJ j cif ; ES i f h tawG ; tjrif p mpk r sm;rS Ak ' ¨ b momtjrif t &qk d v Qif ]rd r d tqih f } \ e,f e d r d w f t vG e f ü ]trsKd ; om; a&;tqihf} onf &Sd\/ ]trsKd;om;a&;tqihf} \ e,ferd w d t f vGeüf ]urÇmt h qih}f onf &S\ d / vu© P m [m&aewå d enf ; t& qk d v Qif ]rdrt d qih}f onf rwlaom vu©Pmukd aqmif \/ ]trsKd ; om;a&;tqih f } onf wl a om vu©Pmukd aqmif\/ ]urÇmhtqihf} onf wl r wl ES p f r sKd ; vk H ; rS vG w f a omvu© P muk d aqmif\/ þoabmt& ]wl} aom vu©Pm onf ]rwl } aomvu© P mxuf t m; aumif;ojzihf ]rwl} aom vu©Pmudk acszsuf Ekdif\/ 0g'tjrif j zih f ajym&rnf q k d v Qif ]trsKd;om; a&;0g'} onf ]rdom;pk0g'} xuf tm;aumif;ojzifh tcsif;csif;qefu Y sifvmvQif ]trsKd;om;a&;0g'} u ]rdom;pk0g'} ukd acszsuf Ekid \ f / ]urÇm0h g'} onf ]trsKd;om;a&;0g'} xuf tm;aumif;ojzihf tcsif;csif; qefu Y sifvmvQif ]urÇ m h 0 g'} u ]trsKd ; om;a&;0g'} uk d acszsuEf idk \ f / þoabmuk óeme,f y,fü/ Nid r f ; csrf ; ODd ;0dyjyKpk w if j yonf wdkuf½dkuf awGUEkdif\/ 0dyóeme,fy,fwGif tedpö? 'ku©? tewå wnf;[laom omrn vu©Pmonf ½kyfemrfESihf aMumif;usKd;wdkY\ obm0vu©Pmxuf tm;aumif;ojzifh omr nvu©Pmu obm0 vu©Pmukd acszsuf\/ wpfzef oEÅdvu©Pmu omrn vu©Pmxuf tm;aumif;ojzihf edAmÁ ef\ oEÅd vu©Pmu ½kyef mrfw\ Ykd tedp?ö 'ku?© tewå wnf;[laom omrnvu©Pmukd acs zsuf\/ þjzpfpOfrSm t&d,opömwkdifatmif rSefuef aom jzpf p Of j zpf o jzih f avmua&;&mt& or®Kwdopöm e,f y ,f ü vnf ; rS e f u ef o nf yif j zpf \ / xk d Y a Mumif h y&rw¦ e ,f y ,f ü t&d,mopömwkdifatmif rSefuefaom jzpfpOf ok;H rsKd;ukd avmua&;&müvnf; or®Kwdopömt& rSefuef atmif tokH;jyKEkdifygonf/ Nidrf;csrf;OD; jyKpkwifjyonf/

VOW

"r®0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/

Aka'¨gaAma",sH

rkawåmarmap,sH

wdaPÖmwma&,sH

opömw&m;ukid godovk?d a0ae,swo Ydk ad p&rnf

b0taESmiftzJGrh S igvGwo f vkd a0ae,swkYd vGwaf p&rnf

oHo&m0J*,ufrS igul;ajrmufEidk o f vkd a0ae,swkYd ul;ajrmufapEkid &f rnf

,ck t ywf zwf p &m 'kdYwm0efta&;oHk;yg; - jynfaxmifpk rNydKuJGa&; 'kdYta&; u@ - wkdif;&if;om; pnf;vHk;nDnGwfrI rNydKuJGa&; 'kdYta&; uavmif&Sifrsm; pmrsufESm Mo0g'gp&d,q&mawmfrsm; - tcsKyftjcmtmPmwnfwHhckdifNrJa&; 'kdYta&; 1/ t*¾r[my@dw b'´ E å ukrm& jynfolYoabmxm; - v,fwq D &mawmfb&k m; - - 20 - jynfytm;uk;d ykqed ½f ;dk tqk;d jrif0g'rD sm;tm;qefu Y siMf u 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(pDr)H - Ekid if aH wmf wnfNird af t;csr;f a&;ESih f Ekid if aH wmfw;d k wufa&;ukd 2/ t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ EåaZmwdu(M.A) - t,f'w D mtmabmf- - - - 3 aESmifh,SufzsufqD;olrsm;tm; qefYusifMu 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(ynm) - OD;oDvmpm& - - - - - - - 5 - EkdifiHawmf\ jynfwGif;a&;ukd 0ifa&mufpGufzuf tbd"r®myd#ur[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf aESmifh,Sufaom jynfyEkdifiHrsm;tm; qefYusifMu H - 4 3/t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw a'guw f mb'´ Eåax&dE(´ Ph.D) - a'gufwm eE´rmvmbd0o - jynfwiG ;f ? jynfytzsuo f rm;rsm;tm; bH&k efot l jzpf yd#uwfqidk &f mygVpd mayXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf - r[maAm"d N rd K if q &mawmf owfrSwfacsrIef;Mu 4/t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåy@dwmbd0o H (M.A) 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrd - - - 23 EkdifiHa&; OD;wnfcsuf (4)&yf ok w å Eå y # d uwf r [mXme? XmerS L ;^yg a rmu© q &mawmf - EkdifiHawmfwnfNidrfa&;? &yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&;ESihf - Aka'¨g&o£E´mp&d,- - - - -25 5/r[m*E¬ 0 g p uy@d w b'´ Eå o r k e (M.A) w&m;Oya'pkd;rkd;a&;/ H mG aeZm - - - - - - - - - 6 Ak'a¨ 'oemjyefyh mG ;a&;ynmXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf - rk& - trsK;d om; pnf;vk;H nDñw T rf I ckid rf ma&;/ f mb'´EyÅ nm0Ho(Ph.D) - &SiÓ - pnf;urf;jynh0f aom 'Dru dk a&pDpepf &Sio f efcidk rf matmif 6/t*¾r[m*E¬0gpu y@dw a'guw f P(zsmyk)H - - - - - - - 7 armfueG ;f xde;f q&mawmf wnfaqmufa&;/ -av;tdrfpkt&Sif0dpdwåom&- - 5 - zGphJ nf;ykH tajccHOya'ESit fh nD acwfrD zGNUH zK;d wk;d wufaom pmwnf;csKyf - oQifawZrmv- - - - - - 10 EkdifiHawmfopf wnfaqmufa&;/ r[mo'¨ra® Zmwdu"Z wuúov dk o f Qio f &D d pD;yGm;a&; OD;wnfcsuf(4)csuf - a&Tx;D (urÇm;wJ) - --- - - -12 - pkdufysKd;a&;ukd ykdrkdzGHUNzKd;wdk;wufatmif aqmif&GufNyD; ("r®mp&d,? bDat) - Nidr;f csrf;OD; - - - - - - - - - -1 acwfrDpufrI EkdifiHxlaxmifa&;ESihf tjcm;pD;yGm;a&; u@rsm;uk d v nf ; buf p k H z G H U N zKd ; wd k ; wuf a tmif pmwnf ; tzJG Y ? jynfpkd;? "r®xufukd -[Hom0wDOD;tkef;BudKif- - - -15 wnfaqmufa&;/ pDrHa&;&m? NzKd ;rmrm - e'DoQH- - - - - -- - - - - 14 - aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf yDjyifpGm jzpfay:vma&;/ - okw(a&Tov H iG )f - - - - - -16 - jynfwGif;jynfyrS twwfynmESihf t&if;tESD;rsm; xk wf wf a0 ol zdwaf c:í pD;yGm;a&;zGNUH zK;d wk;d wufatmif wnfaqmufa&;/ kd o f Qifo&D -d - - - - -18 wifp;dk (NrJ -04266) vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf - wuúov - EkdifiHawmf\ pD;yGm;a&;wpf&yfvkH;ukd zefwD;EkdifrIpGrf; 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f - aZmfnKd at;- - -- - - - - - 26 tm;onf EkdifiHawmfESihf wkdif;&if;om;jynfolwdkY\ vuf0,fwGif&Sda&;/ - oufyikd Nf idr;f - - - - - - - - 28 tjyiftqif uGefysLwm vlrIa&;OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yf - udak t;rif; -- - - - - - - - -30 NzKd ;NzKd ;Zmjcnf? jrwfE;dk ykid ?f ,Ge;f av;i,f - wpfrsKd;om;vk;H \ pdw"f gwEf Sifh tusihpf m&dwå jrihrf m;a&;/ - cifoZl mjrih-f - - - - - - - -33 - trsKd;*kPf? Zmwd*kPf jrihfrm;a&;ESihf ,Ofaus;rItarG jzef Y c sd a &; tESpfrsm;? trsKd;om;a&;vu©Pmrsm raysmufysuf - '*Hq k &mxGe;f - - - -- - - - - 34 atmifoef;aZmf atmif xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smufa&;/ - rsKd;jrif(h atmifv)H - - - - 35 - ppfreS af om rsK;d csppf w d "f gwjf zpfonhf jynfaxmifppk w d "f gwf vIid Mf unfjzL"r®0&D pmaywku d f &Sifoefxufjrufa&;/ - udjk irf;- - -- - - - - - - - -36 zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 - wpfrsK;d om;vk;H use;f rmBucUH idk af &;ESifh ynm&nfjrihrf m;a&;/

"r®0&D *sme,f

Address

rk;d aumif;uifpmay? trSw(f 134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)? ausmufww H m;NrKd eU ,f? &efuek Nf rKd /YU zke;f -01-253255 xGe;f OD;pmay(rEÅav;) zke;f 02-39801

Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

wifatmif0if;? bk;d &mZmykEH ydS w f u dk f trSw(f 162)? (45)vrf;? Akv d w f axmifNrKd eU ,f/ 09731 50247

vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f taqmif(1)? tcef;(6)? jrefrmtifzw dk uf? wuúov dk rf sm; vdiI ef ,fajr

Empire Colour Repro

yH k E S d y f

zvif

- rif;e&dEm´ - - - - - - - - -- 11 - "r®0&D oEÅmatmif- - - - - 40 wk d Y \ txl;aqmif;yg;? owif; ? uAsmrsm; pHkvifpGm....

EDITORIAL

"r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/

urÇmapmihft&if;cHw&m;ig;yg; rdrdb0ESihf aeYpOfnDygap avmu&Sdvlom;wkdif;onf aeYpOfb0udk jzwfoef;aeMu&ygonf/ tdrfaxmifa&;? pD;yGm;a&;? usef;rma&;? ynma&;? vlrIa&;[laom ta&;ig;yg;udk csrf;omvG,fulpGm jzwfausmfEkdifap&ef vkyfudkifaeMu&onf/ vlwdkif;usef;rmvdkMu\/ acgif;cJ? 0rf;emrQyifrjzpfvdkMuyg/ a&m*gcHpm;&jcif;? udk,fvuft*FgcsKdUwJhjcif;paom qif;&J[lorQwdkYonf owå0grsm;tm; n§if;qJtEdkif,l owfjzwfjcif;aMumihf jzpf&aom tusKd;qufjzpf\/ ,if;udk a&Smifíowå0gtcsif;csif; arwåmyGm;rsm;Muygu rdrd\ usef;rma&;udkapmifha&Smuf&m a&mufygonf/ vlwidk ;f Mu;D yGm;csr;f omvdMk uonf/rdryd ikd t f yfwpfacsmif;udrk Q aysmufq;kH ysupf ;D jcif;rjzpfvMkd u? pD;yGm;Opöm avsmyh g;jcif;?&SmazG &cufcJjcif;paomqif;&J[lolrQonfydkif&Sifray; aomypönf;Opömudk cdk;0Sufvk,ljcif; t'dEém'geuH aMumifhjzpf&onf/olwyg;u udk,fEIwfjzifhray;aom ypönf;Opömcdk;,l-vk,uf-zsufpD;jcif;udk a&Smifíowå0grsm;tay: udk,fcsif;pmw&m;yGm;rsm;Muygu rdrd pD;yGm;a&;udk&SmazG&vG,fonf/ vlwkdif;onftdrfaxmifa&;okcjynfY0vdkMu\/tdrfaxmifa&;azgufjyefrIudkrnfolrQ rvdkvm;Mu? ZeD;? cifyGef;ta&; omrursdK;qufom;orD;rsm; tdrfaxmifa&;usL;vGefazmufzsufrIonf rdbESpfyg;üwm0ef&Sdygonff/ZeD;cifyGef;tdrfaxmifa&; rom,mMu&jcif;onf umarokrdpämpm&uHaMumifY jzpfonf/ ZeD;cifyGef;tcsif;csif;opöm&Sd&Sd arwåmyEéuf euf&Idif;pGm pdkufxlxm;Muaomf-tdrfaxmifa&;okccsrf;omudk jznfYqnf; &ma&mufygonf/ vlwidk ;f onftrSew f &m;(opöm)udk MunfvifoefY &Si;f pGmxdawGv Y Mkd uonf/r[kwrf rSev f rd v f nf(rkom0g') udrk nforl Q xdawGYvdkjcif;r&SdMu?vlrI a&;qdkif&mwGifvSnfYywfvdrfnmjcif;aMumifY vlrIudk,fusifYw&m;ysufjym;vsuf aemifwBuD;pGmjzpf ay:apaomqif;&Jonf rkom0g'uHrvHkjcKHrIaMumifYjzpfonf/ vlYusif0wfrsm;zGYHjzdK;vQuftcsif;csif;,HkMunfpdwfcsarwåmrQEldifaomfvlrIa&;okccsrf; omudkwnfaxmifzefwD; jy;D &ma&mufygonf vlwkdif;onf aeYpOf&ifqdkifae&aomudpörsm;udk xufjrufaomtodnPfjzifY ajz&Sif;vdkMuonf/awGa0 aomarm[ pdwjf zifq Y ifuef; awmwd;k rvkyv f Mkd uyg/ rl;,pfx;kH xdik ;f apaom ?ab;awGjY y;D awGa0apaom? t&uf?rl;,pfaq; 0g;rsm;oH;k pGMJ ujcif; onftodnPftawG;tac:udkomruvlrsKd;udkyifvlnGefYwHk;apygonf/,if;onf ol&mar&d, uHusL;vGefjcif;\ tusKd;quf yifjzpfygonf/ ol&mar&,uHudk a&Smifygu tawG;tac:todynm ÓPfynmwefaqmifxGef;ajymifapEldifaomynma&;udk xufjrufyGifhvif;atmif xlaxmif &ma&muf apygonf/ xdaYk MumifY þig;yg;udv k o l m;wkid ;f tav;tjrwfjyKtyfaom*&k"r®w&m;[lívnf;aumif; urÇm ?avmuudk apmifah &Smuf aomavmuygvw&m;[lívnf;aumif; Ak'¨ua[mMum;vrf;nTefcJYygonf rnfonfhbmomrnfonfhvlrsKd ;rqdk þurÇmapmifhavmuapmifht&if;cH usifh0wfig;yg;udk vHkjcHKpGm apmifhxdef;Muaomf wnfMunfjidrfouf pl;&Sxufjrwfaom cGeftm;udk&&Sdygrnf/ bk&m;tp&Sdaom olawmfoljrwfrsm; ewfaumif;ewfjrwfrsm;u jrwfE;kd ESpo f ufjcif;udck &H ojzifh usuo f a& *kPo f wif; oif;ysahH rT;MuKd iaf pygonf/ xufjrufjcif; usuo f a&&Sjd cif;onf avmu"r® ESpfXme vHk;üaumif;jrwfapygonf/ odt Yk wGuf þjrefrmElid if aH wmftygt0if urÇmay:&v dS o l m;wdo Yk nf þ*&k"r®w&m;? urÇmapmifh w&m; avmuygvw&m; rdrdb0apmifha&Smuf&ma&mufaom w&m;ig;yg;udk aeYpOfapmifYxdef;usifhoHk; EldifMuygvQif rdrdwdkY\ aeYpOfb0udk csrf;omvG,ful pGm jzwfoef;EldifMuvdrfhrnf jzpfygaMumif;

t,f ' D w m

WE LIVE WITH DHAMMA KNOWLEDGE

"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

tjynfjynfqdkif&max&0g' Ak'¨omoemjyKwuúodkvf ygarmu©csKy f q&mawmfbk&m;BuD; t*¾r[my@dw? t*¾r[m*E¦0gpuy@dw a'gufwm t&SifeE´rmvmbd0Ho(Ph.D) a[mMum;csD;jr§ihfawmfrltyfaom 12 ESpMf um tajz&SmcJ&h aom ar;cGe;f rsm; ,cif t ywf r S t quf "r® ' ge tjrwf q H k ; jzpf & jcif ; tJ'gudk "r®y' t|uxmrSm t|uxmq&mu &Sif;xm; wm tcsufESpfcsufay;xm;w,f/ tcsufESpfcsufu bmvJvdkYqdk&if ]]avmurSm}} wJh- ]]vSLrIwef;rIvkyfaeMuwmawG[m "r®'geqdkwJh todÓPfay;vdkY todÓPf &xm;wJhtay:rSm tajccHNyD;awmh vSLMuwm}} wJh/ qdkvdkwmu w&m;"r®em,lMu&vdkY vlawG[m 'gevkyfae Muwm/ w&m;rS rem,l&&if 'gervkyfbl;/ 'ghaMumifh "r®'geu ydkNyD;awmh t&if;cHuswmayhg/ 'gwpfck rSwx f m;ayhgaemf/ 'g t|uxm J LS vSLwJ?h tckvkd q&mBu;D uajzwm/ ypön;f 0w¬KawG b,favmufyv w&m;yGJBuD;awG usif;yNyD;awmh todÓPfudkay;vSLvkdufwmu? "r® todudkay;vSLvdkufwmu ydkNyD;aumif;w,fwJh/ bmjzpfvdkY aumif; wmwkef;qdkawmh vlawG[m w&m;em&rS o'¨gw&m;awGjzpfvmNyD; 'geaumif;rI? oDvaumif;rI? bm0emaumif;rIqdkwmawG vkyfwmwJh/ tJ'Dawmh 'D"r®'geqdkwJh "r®todÓPfudkay;vSLwm[m 'getm;vHk; udk jzpfay:apwwfonhftwGufaMumihf taumif;qHk;vdkY ajym&w,f/ 'g t|uxmq&mBuD ; u &S i f ; wJ h w pf c suf a emf / 'gjzih f ol&Sif;wmu tajccHuswJhtaMumif;udk &nf&G,fajymwJhpum;wpfck yJaemf/ tajccHusw,fqdkwJhtaMumif;wpfckajymwm/ aemuftaMumif;wpfck ay;vku d w f m&Sad o;w,f/ bmwke;f qdak wmh todÓPf"r®'gevdaYk c:wJh w&m;em&vd?Yk wpfO;D wpfa,muf urS w&m;udk &Sif;jyjcif; (&Sif;jyw,fqdkwm "r®udk ay;wmaemf)? todynmay;jcif;r&Sdbl;qdk&if bk&m;? yapöuAk'¨uvGJ&if b,fyk*¾dKvf rS w&m;xl;w&m;jrwf r&Edkifbl;wJh/ &Sifom&dykwå&mrax&fjrwfawmif &SiftóZd&JU jzefYa0rI "r®'geudk vufc&H &Srd S aomwmyefjzpfwm/ Munhaf v &Sio f m&dyw k &å m &JU tavmif; Oywdó y&AdZk Bf u;D trwqdw k hJ aojcif;uif;&mw&m; udk vku d &f mS w,f/ &SmwJt h cgrSm xdak cwfu acwfpm;aewJh emrnfBu;D wJh oÍö,qdkwJh y&AdkZfBuD;xHrSm wynhfcHNyD; y&AdkZfvkyfaew,f/ olYqD u ynmawG oifvkdufw,f/ tJ'Doif,lvdkufwJh olYqDu ynmawG u olvdkcsifwJhtusdK;udk ay;EdkifpGrf;r&Sdbl;/ ay;EdkifpGrf;r&SdvdkY w&m;"r® udk vSnhfvnfNyD;&Sm&if; apmifhpm;aewm tMumBuD;yJ/ aemufqHk;us awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;yGifhvdkY yÍö0*¾Dig;OD;udk w&m;"r®a[m? w&m;a[m NyD; omoemjyKawG apvTwfvkdufwJhaemufrSm yÍö0*¾DawGxJrmS ti,f qHk;jzpfwJh &SiftóZdu wpfywfjyefausmhNyD;awmh &mZN*dK[fudk

a&mufvmw,f/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm &Sifom&dykwå&mtavmif;Oywdóy&AdkZfu oGm;awGUw,f/ jrifvkdufwmeJYyJ 'Dyk*¾dKvf&JU taetxm;udk pdwfxJrSm auseyfoGm;w,f/ &ifxJrSm w&m;&SdwJhyk*¾dKvf&JU rsufESmtaetxm;? ud, k £ f a`Et ´ rlt&meJY w&m;r&Sw d yhJ *k Kd¾ v&f UJ rsuEf mS taetxm;? ud, k f £a`E´trlt&mu vHk;0rwlbl;? jcm;em;w,f/ tuJcwfwwfwJh yk*¾dKvfuodw,f/ &ifxJrSm at;csrf;aevdkY&Sd&if rsufESmrSmvnf; vmNyD; t&dyfxdk;aew,f/ at;csrf;w,f/ &ifxJrSm ylaevdkY&Sd&ifvnf; rsufESmrSm vmjyw,f/ at;csrf;rI&Sdr&Sd? w&m;xl;w&m;jrwf&Sdr&Sdqdk wm olY&JUtrlt&mMunhfwmeJY tuJcwfvdkY&w,f/ &SiftóZdudkjrifvkdufwmeJY olYq&mBuD;xuf tqaygif; rsm;pGmomw,f/ rsufESmtaetxm;MunfhvkdufwmeJY w&m;xl;w&m; jrwf &S&d r,fvYkd pdwx f rJ mS qH;k jzwfNy;D om;jzpfomG ;w,f/ tJ'D &Sit f ó Zdaemuf vkdufNyD;awmhar;w,f/ ]]b,folYudkOD;wnfNyD; ouFef;0wfwmvJ? oihfq&mb,fol vJ? oihq f &mu bmawGa[mvJ}} ayhg/ olocd siw f muawmh ]]bmawG a[mvJ? oihq f &m&JU t,l0g'u bmawGv}J } 'g odcsiw f m/ "r®ukd &S,f,mvkyfcdkif;wmayhg/ &SiftóZdu ol&[EÅmjzpfaeayr,hfvdkY xdt k csed rf mS "r®pMumwd?Yk tewåvu©ow k w f aYkd vmufyJ jrwfpmG bk&m; a[mao;wmaemf/ okwåefawG ajrmufjrm;pGm rxGufao;bl;/ 'geJY ol&S,f,mvkyfwm bmvkyfvJ? opömav;yg;yJ/ "r®pMumrSm t"du a[mwmu opömav;yg;yJrdkYvm;/ tJ'Dopömav;yg;udk tusOf;csHK;NyD; ajymvkdufwm/ a, "r®m a[wkyÜb0g? awoH a[wHk wxm* awm tm[/ 'D*gxmav;u jrefrmEdkifiHrSm tckacwf jynfvdkYac:NyD; a&S;wkef;u oa&acwå&m&Sd a&S;a[mif;Xmewpfck arSmpf mwdYk cifbuke;f wdrYk mS wl;azmf&&Sw d hJ yk&ydu k rf mS 'D*gxmav; a&;xm;wm awGU&w,f/ jrefrmjynf 'D*gxmav;a&mufvmwJhoabm&Sdw,fayhg/ a, "r®m a[wkyÜb0g/ awoH a[wHk wxm*awm tm[/ awoÍö a ,med a &ma"m? {0H 0 g'D r[moraPm/ jrwfpmG bk&m;a[mwJh opömw&m;udk *gxmav;wpfy'k ef YJ tusO;f csKyf ajymvkdufwm/ qdkvdkwmu ]]taMumif;aMumifhjzpfwJh tusdK;w&m;awG&JU pmrsufESm 9 odkY

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/

b0vrf;ñTef 38- jzm r*Fvmrdwfquf 12345678901234567890123456789 12345678901234567890123456789 12345678901234567890123456789 av;tdrfpk t&Sif0dpdwåom& 12345678901234567890123456789 12345678901234567890123456789

(29) orPmeÍö 'óeH ol a wmf a umif ; rsm;xH oG m ;a&muf a wG U qH k zl ; ajrmf y g/

. (29) Saman.a-nañca Dassanam Go and worship good kind persons

BuD ; yG m ;csrf ; omvd k o l w d k i f ; rS m &S d & rnh f (29) ck a jrmuf t&nf t csif ; (29) omrPmeÍö 'óeH £a`E´ N id r f o uf a om&[ef ; awmf r sm;ud k zl ; jrif j cif ; / £a`E´ N id r f o uf í ud a vom tylNid r f ; NyD ; aom? ud a vomtyl N id r f ; atmif tm;xkwfaeMuaom &[ef; oHCm q&mawmf? orm; awmfrsm;xH oGm;a&muf awGUqHk zl;jrifEdkifjcif;onfvnf; BuD;yGm; csrf ; omvd k o l w d k i f ; rS m &S d x m;&rnh f t&nf t csif ; aumif ; wpf c k (=r*F v m wpfyg;) jzpf\/ pdwfonf tyltm½HkESihfawGUvQif ylavmifwwfNyD; tat;tm½HkESihfawGUvQif at;csrf ; aomoabm&S d \ / Oyrm&efoludk tm½HkjyKvQif pdwfqif;&Jylavmif NyD ; ? rd r d c spf c if ol u d k tm½H k j yK&vQif pd w f c srf ; omat;jrouJ h od k Y y if j zpf \ / wenf ; tm;jzih f aeud k j rif & vQif pd w f y l avmifNyD; vudkjrif&vQif pdwfat;csrf; ouJhodkYyifjzpf\/ vl r S e f o rQ pm;0wf a erI jynh f p H k a &; twG u f ½k e f ; uef v I y f & S m ;Mu &mwGif ¤if;wd\ Yk &ifwiG ;f ü avmbudav omtyl " mwf u d k jzpf a y:aponh f umr*k P f £ |m½H k ? a'go ud a vom

tyl"mwfujkd zpfay:aponhf ted|m ½Hkrsm; ESihf BuH K awG U &onf o mjzpf \ / xk d t cgrsd K ; wG i f rdrdwdkY\&ifwGif;tyludk Nidrf;owfonhf taejzihf ½k y f & S i f ? AD ' D , d k p onf u d k Munh f ½ I j cif ; ? t&ufaopmaomufpm;jcif;? tjcm;aomenf; jzihf taysmftyg;vkdufpm;jcif;rsm;udk jyKvkyf Mu\/ xdktaysmftyg; tm½Hkrsm;onf pdwfudk at;Nid r f ; apaom tm½H k r sm; r[k w f M u/ ylavmifapaom tm½Hkrsm;jzpfí xdktaysmf tyg; tm½Hkrsm;udk Munhf½Iem;axmiftm½HkjyK cHpm;jcif;tm;jzihf &ifwGif;tyludk Nidrf;owf&m ra&mufbJ tylay:tylqihfonfESihf wlae ayonf/ &[ef ; oH C mawmf r sm;onf ud a v omtylNidrf;at;atmif oDv? orm"d? ynm ud k jznh f u sih f t m;xk w f M uol r sm;jzpf & m txdkuftavsmuf udavomNidrf;at;olrsm; jzpf í pd w f " mwf a t;csrf ; wnf N id r f a eMu\/ pdwf"mwfwnfNidrfat;csrf;ojzihf cE¨mudk,f ES i f h r suf E S m onf v nf ; wnf N id r f a t;csrf ; Munfvifvsuf&Sd&m xdk&[ef;oHCmawmfrsm; udk zl;jrif&olxHodkY tNidrf;"mwful;pufum pdwfat;csrf;rI &&SdapEdkifayonf/ Oyrm- vç ud k Munh f ½ I o l x H vç \tat;"mwf u d k ul;pufouJhodkYyifjzpf\/ &[ef;oHCm? zl;aomcg? *kPfrSmxd &rnf/ ÓPf j zih f z l ; vQif ? *k P f u d k j rif ? Munf & T i f 0rf ; ajrmuf r nf / ÓPf j r§ i h f z l ; rS ? orP? rk c sjrif E d k i f o nf / &[ef;jrifrS? ukodkvf&? 'ku©Nidrf;at; rnf/ -r*FvmhtjrLaw/ uav;wdkYa&... vlawG[m avmbç a'goç arm[ç rme pwmawG a Mumih f pd w f n pf v mvd k Y & S d & if w&m;eJ Y N id r f ; owf z d k Y p d w f r ul ; bJ t&uf e J Y taysmt f yg;eJyY J Nird ;f owfcsiMf uw,f/ wu,f vdYk uav;wd&Yk UJ &ifwiG ;f rSm jzpfay:vmwJh tyl "mwfawGudk Nidrf;at;apcsif&if 'Dtyl"mwf awG u d k taysmf t yg; taomuf t pm;eJ Y rNid r f ; owf b J ud a vomNid r f ; at;atmif pmrsufESm 11 odkY

Ak'¨*Dwdum q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm& (½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) oD0vdawå& 0wåK Ak ' ¨ & S i f a wmf j rwf o nf uk @ rme awmü aeawmfrlaomtcg ckepfESpfywfvkH; y#doaE¨aeí ckepf&ufywfvkH; zGm;jrif&aom oD0vdrax&fukd taMumif;jyKí ]]a,m rH yvdyxH 'k*¾H}} paom *gxmukd a[mawmfrl onf / a,m rH yvdyxH 'k*¾H? oHom&H arm[rpö*g/ wdaPÖm yg&*Fawm psm,D? taeaZm tuxHuxD/ tEkyg'g, edAÁLawm? wr[H jALrd jAm[®PH/ jref r muAsm &m*AGufMurf; npfvrf;oHom? rdkufrJausmfcJ c&D;cJyg/ edAÁmefurf;wuf psmefqufavhvm? wPSmuif; oefY&Sif;awG;awmuGm? pGJvrf;uif;a0; ylat;olom? igZde rdefY[ jAm[®P/ He who has passed beyond this quagmire, this difficult path, the ocean of life (samsara), and delusion, who has crossed and gone beyond, who is meditative, free from craving and doubts, who, clinging to nought, has attained Nibbana, him I call a brahmana.

pum;ajy/ /&m*ñGefAGuf vGefaESmuf ,Suaf om c&D;cJuv dk nf;aumif;? udavnpf nrf; tvGefMurf;aom c&D;cJudkvnf;aumif;? tul;cuf&m b0oHo&m ork'´&mudkvnf; aumif;? arm[trkdufwkdufudkvnf;aumif;? vG e f a jrmuf j zwf o ef ; í ed A Á m ef M uiS e f ; wpfbufurf;odYk a&mufum psmefcsr;f omjzihf aeavh&SdMu\/ wPSmoefY&Sif; awG;awm uif;vsuf pGv J rf;p&m cE¨m[lorQ <uif;r& ojzifh b0Zmwfodrf; csKyfNidrf;avNyD;aom yk*¾KdvfrsKd;udkom jAm[®P[k igbk&m; a[m Mum;awmfrl\/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

tvSL'gejyKMu&m0,f (26) rkH&GmaeZm

(u)

]tEk * grd u Opö m } uk d a&T t k d ; vk d Y wifpm; a[mMum;awmfrlygw,f/ Opömav;rsK;d &Sad v&mrSm usew f hJ Opöm ok;H rsK;d jzpfwhJ xm0&Opöm (tk;d ? tdr?f wdu k w f m? NcH? ajr)? Z*FrOpöm (a&TUajymif;EkdifwJh puf ypönf;? y&dabm* tokH;taqmif ponf rsm;)eJY t*For OpömvdkYac:wJh ]oif,lwwf ajrmuf oifMum;wwfwJh twwfynm} awG uvnf; wpfb0pm cPwmrQygyJ/ tJtEk*grdu OpömrsKd;uawmh tusKd;w&m;rsm; wdk;yGm;avwmeJYtrQ b0oHo&mc&D;txd vdkufygaus;Zl;jyKEkdifayw,f/ ]vkdufygw,f} qkdwJhae&mrSmvnf; txkyftxnf? j'yf0w¦Kypönf;taeeJY vkdufyg rSmr[kwfygbl;/ taMumif;zufwJh tusKd; quf w &m;taeeJ Y vk d u f y goG m ;rS m yg/ usrf ; *ef a wG r S m qm,m0 tEk y g,d e D t&dyfonf ukd,fhaemufu w&pyfvkdufyg ovkd? puúH0 0[awm y'H- EGm;vSnf;udkqGJaom EGm;\ajc&mudk vSnf;bD;u w&pyfeif;bd ouJhokdY? ("r®y') 'gh t jyif yJ h w if o H v k d ? qD r D ; uk d ul;qufxGef;n§dovdk? wHqdyfwkH;½kdufESdyfovdk/ ,ckvdk pufrx I eG ;f um;wJah cwfrmS w,fvzD ek ;f ? zufpf? tD;vfar;? bavmh*f pwmawGudk Oyrmay;Ek d i f a yvd r f h r ,f / 'D u toH y k d Y v k d Y [ku d akd &mufomG ;jcif;? 'Du ½kyv f iT x fh w k v f u dk f vdYk [krd mS ½kyu f jdk rif&jcif;? toHukd Mum;&jcif;? pmukd zwf&jcif;awGvykd gyJ/ 'Du jyKvyk cf su?f taMumif;w&m;tavsmuf [kdrSm ]tusKd; w&m;} a&muf&SdoGm;jcif;yJjzpfw,f/ twdwfb0eJY ,ckb0? ,ckb0eJY

aemufb0 pwJh b0ta&;t&m oHo&mukd 'DvkdyJ ½IjrifqifjcifMunfhEkdifayw,f/ (c) tEk * grd u Opö m uk d tvS L 'geeJ Y jr§ K yf E S H j cif ; ? uk d , f u sih f o D v aqmuf w nf r I rsm;eJY&if;ESD;jcif;? bm0emw&m; yGm;rsm;jcif; jzihf t&if;jyKum xnhf0ifxm;wmjzpfjcif; aMumifh tvkH;pkHjynhfpkHEkdifwmayhg/ - 'ger,H0g oDvr,H0g bm0emr,H0g ,H yknH tw¦d? ww¦ ww¦ ba0 tEk*EÅm0d, a[mwDwd tEk*grdaum/ (ed"du@okwf? t|uxm) tEk * grd u a&T t k d ; uk d bmaMumif h j r§ K yf E S H oih f o vJ obm0 o,HZmw tzkd;wefwGif; xG u f ausmuf o H y wå j rm;? a&T a iG & wem ypön;f pwJh avmuDa&Tt;dk [m &eforl sK;d ig;yg; eJY ruif;yg/ a&? rD;? ckd;ol? rif;? rcspf rESpfouftyfwJh tarGcH om;qkd;orD;qkd; qkdwJh &efolawGu tcsdefra&G;vma&muf aESmuf,SufzsufqD;ypfEkdifw,f/ 'ge? oD v ? orx? 0d y óem? bm0em uk o d k v f O pö m awG xnh f x m;wJ h tEk*grdua&Ttkd; ukdrl b,f&efolrsKd;urS ckd;,ljcif;? zsufqD;ypfjcif;? odrf;ykdufjcif; rjyKEkdifygbl;/ om0w¦djynfu olaX;wpfOD; [m bk&m;trSL;&Sw d hJ oHCmawmf t&Sijf rwf awGudk qGrf;? ouFef; ponfrsm; vSL'gef; qufuyfvkyfauR;aeygw,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm rif;pk;d &mZmbk&ifu olaX;ukd ac:aqmif&ef apvTwfvkdufygw,f/ olaX;u ]]olrvkduf Ek d i f a o;aMumif ; ? a&T t k d ; jr§ K yf E S H a eygao; aMumif ; ? a&T t k d ; jr§ K yf E S H N yD ; wJ h t cgusrS o m vma&mufEkdifrnfjzpfygaMumif;}} bk&ihfxH

jyefMum;zl;ygw,f/ (tEk*grdua&Ttkd;jr§Kyfwm ukd wifpm;ajymMum;jcif;jzpfygw,f/) a&Ttkd;jr§KyfESH&jcif;&JU &nf&G,fcsuf aemufwpfckupD;yGm;a&;? vlrIa&; pwJhudpöawG ½kwfw&uf ay:aygufvm&if tvG,fwul xkwf,l&&Sd okH;pGJEkdif&efjzpfygw,f/ ed"du@okwfrSm - ]taw¦ udapö orkyaÜ Eé? tw¦m, ar b0dówd} vdYk rdeq Yf dk xm;csuf&Sdayw,f/ tcsKyf u awmh - &mZawm- rif ; ab;? apm&awm- olckd;ab;? £Pó0g yarmu©m,- a<u;NrDab;rS uif;a0;ap&ef? 'kAÇdau©- qif;&JiwfrGwfab; BuKHawGU&wJh tcg? tmy'g ok0g- a&ab;? rD;ab; pwJh ab;oih f a &muf aomtcg tvG , f w ul ajz&Si;f aqmif&u G Ef idk f &eftvdiYk mS a&atmuf ajratmuf a wG r S m Opö m xk y f a&T t k d ; uk d jr§KyfEHSokdxm;&jcif; jzpfayw,f/ (*) - ed"0d g Xmem p0wd? onm 0gó 0dr, k w S /d em*g0g tyemarEÅd? ,u©m0gyd [&EÅdeH/ t"d y Ü g ,f r S m - ajrivsif v I y f j cif ; ? ajrausmBuKH U jcif ; ? <ujcif ; wd k Y a Mumif h rdrdjr§KyfESHxm;wJh Opömtkd;[m ae&ma&GUvsm; oGm;wwfygao;w,f/ wpfcg rdrdOpömxkyf &Sifukd,fwkdif jr§KyfESHxm;wJhae&mudk arhae wmrsKd;vnf; jzpfwwfygao;w,f/ wpfzef e*g;? bkr®pkd;? ,u©? ewfa'0wmwdkYuvnf; t&yfwpfyg;odkY z,f&Sm; ,laqmifoGm;wwf jyefygao;w,f/ - tyÜ, d 0gyd 'g,m'g? O'¨&EÅd tyóawm/ ,'g yknu©a,m a[mwd? oAÁarwH 0deówd/ t"dyÜg,fuawmh- tarGcH om;qkd; orD;qkd;wdkYuvnf; rdrdrjrifatmif xkwfazmf aqmif,lwwfjyefao;w,f/ aemuf N yD ; xl ; qef ; pG m jzpf w wf wmu Opömjr§KyfESHxm;wJh Opöm&Sifu rdrd&JU uk o d k v f u H t [k e f uk e f c rf ; oG m ;wJ h t wG u f aMumifhvnf; jr§Kyfxm;wJha&Ttkd;[m tvkdvdk pmrsufESm 9 odkY

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

"r®0D&onf "r®0de, tvif;a&mifxdefvif;ap&ef jzpfonf/

avmuom&ysKd U - yk ' f 2 touf & S n f p G m ? temrJ h a Mumif ; aumif ; vS a pcsif ? yJ h j yif e d p ö uG y f q H k ; rom;? rd b q&m pum;emí? usrf ; pmod j rif wwf a tmif o if a vmh ? ay:vG i f r jyK aumif ; atmif w k v suf ? aumif ; rI j rwf E d k ; aumif;atmifBudK;í? aumif;usKd;udk,fü wnf a prif ; / (uef a wmf r if ; ausmif ; q&mawmf ) vl a umif ; jzpf a tmif B uKd ; pm; vli,farmifr,fwdkYa&/ vlYb0&vmNyD; odwwfwJht&G,f a&muf w meJ Y oif w d k Y u k d a&S ; OD ; tp vd r ® m ,Ofaus;atmif qkH;roGefoifr,fh q&mu rdbESpfyg;ygyJuG,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf; a&S;a&S; u ynm&SdawGu]]vufOD;q&m rnfxkduf pG m om; yk A Á m p&d , rd E S i h f z }} vd k Y q k d c J h w m ayhg/ tJ'Dvkd rdbESpfyg;&JUtkyfxdef;rI? oGefoif qkH;rrIawGudk em,lrSwfom;&if; wjznf;jznf; BuD ; jyif ; vmwJ h t cgusawmh vl r sKd ; bmom tvku d f bmompmayawG wwfuRr;f atmif? wpfrsKd;ajym&&if jrefrmvli,fawG jrefrmpm a&;wwf z wf w wf a tmif oif M um;ay;wJ h tckacwfqkd rlBuKdausmif;awG? rlvwef; ausmif;awGqD a&mufcJhMuawmhwmayhg/ tJ ' D v k d pmoif a usmif ; awG q D vli,farmifr,fawG a&mufvmMuNyq D dk wmeJY q&m? q&mrawG u ]arwå m ? u½k P m? rk ' d w m} eJ Y ausmom;&if o m; rcG J j cm;bJ oifwdkY&JUrdb ESpfyg;ukd,fpm; avmuDpmay ynm&yfawG wwfuRrf;atmif? todtvdrm® ÓPfynmawGwdk;wufatmif? pmayynmeJY vl i ,f a rmif r ,f a wG & J U b0c&D ; vrf ; rS m ryifryef; csrf;csrf;omomaeMu& pm;Mu&zkdY &nfarQmfNyD; acwfynm&yfawG oifMum;ay; MuawmhwmyJav/ 'Dvdk rdbESpfyg;eJY q&m? q&mrawG u om;i,f ? orD ; i,f a wG u d k avmuD y nm&yf a wG oif M um;ay;Mu&½k H e J Y auseyf o G m ;MuNyD v m;qk d a wmh r[k w f a o; bl ; uG J U /rd b ES p f y g;eJ Y q&m? q&mrawG tm;vk H ; u uk d , h f o m;orD ; ? uk d , h f w ynh f av;awG u k d tema&m*guif ; apcsif w ,f / usef ; rm&T i f v ef ; pG m eJ Y touf & S n f a pcsif w,f/ 00NzKd;NzKd; rn§Kd;rusKH? ½kyfykHtqif; vnf; vSapcsiw f ,f/ wihw f ,fapcsiw f myJ/ 'gu ½kyfykdif;b0eJY ywfoufvkdYayhg/ 'Dtjyif

vnfqGJ&wem qHk;rpm(1) &S i f Ó P (zsmyH k )

om;i,f orD;i,f? wynhfarmifr,fav;awG uk, d pf t D &m&mukd awG;awmqifjcif ok;H oyf wwfwJh pdwfykdif;qkdif&m t&nftcsif;awGeJY jynhfpkHNyD; vlaumif; olaumif;av;awGvnf; jzpfapcsifwmyJav/ 'gaMumihfayhg ausmif; a&mufawmh q&m? q&mrawGu aeYpOftNrJ pmoif a y;w,f / vd r f r m,Of a us;atmif vnf ; qk H ; rMuw,f / ausmif ; qif ; csd e f tdrfjyefa&mufawmh rdbESpfyg;u wpfcg aeyk H x k d i f e nf ; ? pm;enf ; aomuf e nf ; eJ Y wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf BuD;pOfi,fvkduf ac:ajymenf ; upvk d Y upm;MuwJ h t cg vufeuf av;jrm; wkwf "m; pwmawGeJY aqmhupm;jcif; rjyKMuzdkYygrusef oGefoif qk H ; raeMuw,f / 'g[mbmoabmvJ qkdawmh om;i,f? orD;i,f vli,fav;awG touf&SnfapcsifvkdY? tema&m*g uif;rJh MuapcsifvkdYayhguG,f/ rlvwef;ausmif;om;t&G,f vli,f armif r ,f a v;awG q k d w m uav;t&G , f ? uav;tod y J & S d a o;wmav/ wZG w f x k d ; ajymwwf q k d w wf ? yl q mwwf w J h t &G , f ? wZG w f x k d ; vk y f w wf w J h t &G , f r k d Y ? wpf c g wpfavawmh rdbeJY q&m? q&mrawGu ajymqkrd &wJh om;i,f? orD;i,fukd rdbq&m orm; pum;em;axmif a tmif r½k d u f c sif ayr,h f acsmuf v S e f Y w J h t aeeJ Y rS w f r S w f om;om;&S d a tmif ½k d u f N yD ; qk H ; rMu&w,f / 'guvnf ; om;i,f ? orD ; i,f a v;awG pmay ynmwwfapcsifvdkY? vdr®m,Ofaus; apcsif v d k Y ? vl a umif ; ol a umif ; av;awG

jzpf M uapcsif v d k Y acsmh w pf c g acsmuf wpf v S n h f q k d o vk d qk H ; rMu wmyg/ uav;awG ? vl i ,f a wG q k d w m t&G , f u Eke,fovkd pdwfykdif;qkdif&m todw&m;u vnf; tifrwefEke,fwJh t&G,fav/ ykHoGif; ol raumif;&if za,mif;eJY tvm;o@mef wlwJh uav;eJY vli,f armifr,fawG&JU ½kyfykdif;tjyKtrl? pdwfykdif; qkdif&mtawG; tjrifawG ESprf sK;d vk;H ysupf ;D oGm;awmhrmS ayhg/ tJ'DvkdrsKd;rjzpfapcsifvkdY om;orD; awG u k d c spf w J h rd b ES p f y g;eJ Y q&m? q&m rawGu cspfwhJwynfhav;awGudkaMumufNyD;? ajympum;em;axmifNy;D oifMum;ay;wJyh nm ukd rwwfwwfatmif? oif,latmif qkH;r Mu&wmayhguG,/f tJ'v D dk qk;H roGeo f ifcMhJ u vd k Y v nf ; rd b q&mpum;uk d aMumuf & G H U av;pm;cJw h hJ wuúov kd u f pmoifom;av; rsm;jzpfMuwJh armifazarmifwif? armifzkd; usm;? armif0Pf? armifodef;[H pwJh vli,f av;awG[m aemiftcg &efukefwuúodkvf e,f a jrrS m q&mBuD ; OD ; azarmif w if ? q&mBuD ; OD ; zk d ; usm;(ynm0ef ) ? q&m armif0Pf (rif;ok0Pf)? q&mBuD; OD;odef;[H (aZmf*s)D &,fvYdk xif&mS ;jzpfay:cJ&h Ny;D pmay orm;rsm;&J U OD ; aqmuf y ef ; jzpf c J h M u&wm uaeYvli,farmifr,fawG tm;vkH;todyJ r[kwfvm;/ 'Dawmh rdbq&mpum; ajr0,f rus em;axmifMurSom ukd,hfb0 ukd,hf*kPf udk ukd,faqmifEkdifrSmjzpfovdk avmurSm vnf; ukd,f&JU*kPftvif;a&mifeJY trsm;

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G;? bmomra&G;? avmuom;tm;vkH;twGufjzpfonf/

tusKd ; aqmif E k d i f w J h vl a umif ; ol a umif ; jzpf r S m av/ vl a umif ; ol a umif ; awmh vli,farmifr,fwkdif; jzpfcsifrSmyJ/ 'gayr,fh rdbq&morm; tqk;H trpum;ukd av;pm; vkdufemrI? q&morm;rsm; oifMum;ay;wJh avmuDynmukd BuKd;pm;tm;xkwfrIrjyKbJ ayhgayhgavsmhavsmhom oifMum;em,lMur,f qk d & if a wmh ynmtvif ; a&mif u vnf ; ukd,hf&JU*kPfukd b,fvkdvkyfNyD; aqmifay; EkdifyghrvJ/ vli,farmifr,fawGyJ pOf;pm; MunhfMuav/ 'gayr,hf avmuobm0vdkYyJ ajym &rvm;rod b l ; / obm0rd c if u vlom;awG udjk zpfay:apwJah e&mrSm ½ky&f nf tqihf twef;(5)rsK;d jzpfay:apcJh w,f/ yxrtqih f t wef ; u jypf r sKd ; rS J Y r wif tvS y d k i f & S i f a,musf m ;av;awG ? rdef;uav;awG? 'kwd,tqihftwef; u rS J U pG e f ; aomfvnf; vSvGef;ydkvdkYajym&r,fh a,musfm; av;awG? rdef;uav;awG/ wwd , tqif h t wef ; uawmh &GuMf urf;a&csKd ½ky&f nfyidk &f iS f a,musmf ;av; awG? rdef;uav;awG/ pwkwåtqihf zefwD;wmuawmh uk, d v f uft*Fgjynhpf w Hk hJ aMumufp&m ½ky&f nf oGifjyifykdif&Sif a,musfm;av;awG? rdef;u av;awGayhg/ yÍöajrmuf obm0rdcif&JU om;eJY orD;awGuawmh ukd,fvuft*FgrjynhfpkHwJh a,musfm;av;awG? rdef;uav;awGeJY ukd,f vuft*FgjynhfpkHNyD; qGHYt em;yif;aeMuol a,musfm;av;awG rdef;uav;awGyJayhg/ 'Dvdkvnf; obm0w&m;u &Sdae jyefawmh pdwfykdif;qkdif&m csKdU,Gif;rIawGvnf; ½kyfacsmolrSma&m ½kyf&nfMurf;wrf;olawG rSmyg &SdaerSmjzpfvdkY rdbq&morm;awG&JU tqkH;trukd cH,laeMuwJh om;orD;i,f? vli,farmifr,fawGxJrSmvnf; ]]rdbq&m orm;pum;a&Smif? tkdatmifcsrf;omr,f}} qk d w J h om;qk d ; orD ; qk d ; ? wynh f q k d ; av; awGvnf; ]]wpfrdayguf wpfa,mufxGef;}} qk d w mvd k &S d a erS m ayh g / 'g xm;ygawmh ? 'D t xJ r S m vl i ,f a rmif r ,f a wG rygzk d Y b J ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ i,folwdkYpdwfrkdY wpf&H wpf c g rd b q&m qk H ; roG e f o if w mud k rausreyfjzpfcJhrd&ifvnf; eef;OD;ausmif; q&mawmf&JU wynhfarmifvGif (rif;wkef;

rif;BuD;) vdk q&mawmf&JU apwemtrSefukd od a wmh r S aemif w &NyD ; aus;Zl ; od w mrsKd ; rjzpf&atmif rdbq&m aus;Zl;ukd t&rf;rJh pdwfeJYawmif rjypfrSm;rdatmif qifjcifMu &r,faemf/ bk&iho f m; armifviG af v; t aMumif;ajym&OD;r,f/ armif v G i f pmoif om;t&G , f ol Y & J U crnf ; awmf u avmuD avmukwå&m ynm&yfawG oifMum; ay;zkdY om;awmf j zpf o l armif v G i f u k d eef ; OD ; ausmif ; q&mawmf x H tyf E S H c J h w ,f a v/ eef;OD;q&mawmfuvnf; bk&ihfom;qkdawmh rS L ;rwf ? ol < u,f o m;awG x uf ol Y u k d OD;pm;ay;&Smygw,f/ tJ'Dacwfu wkdif;jynf ukd rif;okH;yg;tkyfcsKyfwJhacwfvdkY ajym&rSm ayh g / bmaMumif h v J q k d a wmh bk & if u ]owfap} vdkY trdefYcsvkdufwJhw&m;cH[m rdzk&m;BuD;eJY eef;OD; q&mawmfxHrSm t,lcH 0ifcGihf&Sdw,f/ rdzk&m;BuD;ujzpfap? eef;OD; q&mawmfujzpfap w&m;cH&JUavQmufxm; csuf u d k M um;emNyD ; rif ; BuD ; trd e f Y r S m ;,G i f ; ae&if eef;OD;q&mawmfu ]ADwkdtmPmeJY y,f z suf E k d i f w J h rif ; wpf y g;}}av/ 'D a wmh wpf a eY a eY w pf c sd e f c sd e f r S m usd e f ; aobk & if jzpfvmr,fh armifvGifukd eef;OD;q&mawmfu b,fO;D pm;ray;bJ aervJ? OD;pm;ay;wmayhg/ 'gayr,hf eef;OD;q&mawmfu ynm oif M um;wJ h p nf ; urf ; ? ausmif ; wk d u f w m tk y f c sKyf a &;pnf ; urf ; eJ Y y wf o uf v d k Y b,f wynh f r S rsuf E S m omray;bl ; / eef ; OD ; q&mawmf&JUausmif;rSm armifvGifu ausmif; pwkdcef;ukd wm0ef,l&w,f/ aeYpOf oHCm awmf r sm; pm;ok H ; &ef v d k t yf w J h y pö n f ; uk d pepfwus xkwfay;olayhg/ 'DvkdeJY wpfaeY pwkdcef;xJu ig;ykwfjym;wpfcsyf vufonf &S m r&bJ aysmuf o G m ;a&m? tJ ' D t cg q&mawmfu pwkdcef;wm0efcH armifvGifudk ar;jref;pdppfNyD; tajzray;EkdifwJh bk&ihfom; armifvGifukd ½kdufwmayhg/ armifvGihfausmrSm t½SKd;xifatmif ½kdufwmav/ tJ'DrSmwif armif v G i f u aus;Zl ; &S i f q &morm;uk d &ef n § K d ; xm;NyD ; ]]ig bk & if j zpf w J h a eY u s&if tjypfawGU&if eef;OD;q&mawmfukd &mxl; csr,f } } ayh g / 'D v d k armif v G i f aw;rS w f xm;wm/ armifvGihftBuHukd q&mawmfu rod b J b,f a ervJ / od w mayh g / tJ ' g aMumif h eef ; awmf u d k q G r f ; pm;<uwJ h a eY wpf a eY r S m rif ; wk e f ; rif ; tjzpf pk d ; pH a ewJ h

armif v G i f u d k eef ; OD ; q&mawmf u ]][J h armif v G i f ig;ajcmuf j ym;uk d E S a jrmvk d Y eih f a usm t½I d ; xif a tmif ig½k d u f c J h w m r[k w f b l ; / wpf a eY bk & if t jzpf e J Y wk d i f ; jynf t k y f c sKyf r ,f h o l [ m pwd k c ef ; ypö n f ; awmif vk H N cKH a tmif rxd e f ; od r f ; Ekdif&if awmfyghrvm;/ 'gaMumihf eihfudk rS w f o m;avmuf a tmif qk H ; rcJ h w m}} vd k Y rd e f Y a wmf r l v k d u f w ,f / q&mawmf zG i h f [ rd e f Y M um;wJ h p um;uk d Mum;vd k u f & awmh r S bk&ifhom;qkdwJhrmefeJY qifjcifÓPfr&SdwJh armif v G i f [ m ol Y t rS m ;eJ Y q&morm; apwemodjrifNyD; tjypfukd 0efcsawmif;yef awmhwmayhguG,/f 'Dae&mrSm ajymcsiw f mu ol a X; om;orD ; yJ j zpf j zpf ? qif ; &J o m; om;orD;yJ jzpfjzpf? ynmoifMum;ay;wJh q&m? q&mr awG [ m vl i ,f a rmif r ,f awG&JU q&mjzpf wmrkdY rdbq&mpum;ukd tawG;txif rrSm;rdMuzdkY ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ ynma&;rSmom rdbq&mpum;ukd vkdufem Mu&rSm r[kwfygbl;/ om;orD;eJY wynhf awG&JU aumif;usKd;csrf;om&nf&G,fNyD; qkH;rwJh rd b q&morm;&J U pum;uk d v nf ; av;pm; vku d ef mMu&rSmjzpfygw,f/ vli,fawGqw dk m tuGyf ruGyf&ao;wJh awmif;eJYwlw,f/ awmif;awmh ,ufxm;Ny;D tuGyrf uGyaf y;&if tok H ; jyKvk d Y r&bJ ysuf p D ; oG m ;wmyJ a v/ 'gaMumifh rdbq&m&JU qkH;rpum;awG[m awmif ; rysuf p D ; bJ tok H ; usatmif tuG y f ç uG y f a y;aewm ygvm;vd k Y od j rif Muzd k Y vd k y gw,f / aemufwpfcg rdbq&morm;awG u 0wfcsifpm;csif? <um;csif0gcsif? *kPfwk *k P f N yKd i f v k y f c sif w mawG ? uk d , h f b 0eJ Y vuf v S r f ; rrD w J h twk j rif twwf o if qkdwmvkd wkyvkdcsifwJh pdwfrarG;eJYvkdY qkH;r wmawG u k d av;av;pm;pm; vk d u f e mMu &rSmyg/ wkw,fqw dk m aumif;rGew f m? tusK;d &SdwmrsKd;om twk,l&rSm/ ynmawmfolukd twk,lrS vli,farmifr,fawGvnf; vlawmf vl a umif ; jzpf r S m r[k w f v m;/ 'D a wmh rd b q&m qk H ; rpum;uk d emcH r S w f o m;NyD ; vlaumif; olaumif;jzpfvmatmif BuKd;pm; Mur,fqkd&if vli,farmifr,fwdkY&JUukd,frSm aumif;usKd;w&m;awG tckdiftrm wnf&Sdvm ygvd r f h r ,f / pmrS D ; -avmuom&ysKd U uef awmf r if ; ausmif ; q&mawmf / &S i f Ó P(zsmyk H )

WE LIVE WITH DHAMMA KNOWLEDGE

"r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ pmrsufESm 4 rStquf

taMumif;udkvnf; a[mw,f/ tJ'DtaMumif;w&m;awG csKyfNidrf;oGm; vdkY tusdK;w&m;awG csKyfNidrf;oGm;wmudkvnf; a[mw,f}} vdkY/ aMomftaMumif;&SdaevdkY tusdK;&Sdaew,f? taMumif;csKyf&if tusdK;csKyfr,f qdw k hJ 'D philosophy udk ajymvkdufwmyJaemf/ tJ'godzdkY tifrwef cufwm/ tJ'gudkajymvkdufwm 'g &S,f,mvkyfvkdufwmyJ/ olodwJh "r®udk ay;vkdufwm? tJ'g "r®'gevdkYac:w,f/ tJ'D"r®'geudk vufcH&&SdvkdufwJhtcgusawmhrS &Sifom&d ykwå&mrax&fjrwftavmif;jzpfwJh Oywdó[m todÓPfyGihfoGm; w,f/ todÓPfyGifhoGm;NyD; oHo,uif;oGm;w,f/ tjrifrSm;awG aysmufomG ;w,f/ tjrifreS &f oGm;w,f/ ]]aomwmyefjzpfw,fqw kd m tjrifrSef&wmeJY oHo,uif;wm}} 'DESpfckudkajymwm/ tjrifrSefoGm; NyD? oHo,uif;oGm;NyD/ aomwmyefrjzpfao;&if tjrifrrSefao;bl;? oHo,ruif;ao;bl;/ "r®eJYywfoufvdkYaomwmyefjzpfrS tjrifrSef NyD;awmh oHo,uif;wm/ Munhf- &SiftóZdu jzefYa0vkdufwJh 'D"r®'geudk&&SdNyD; &S i f o m&d y k w å & mrax&f j rwf o nf xl ; jcm;wJ h t od Ó Pf u d k & w,f / aemufqHk;rSm t*¾om0uÓPfawGyg&Ny;D omoemawmfrmS tifrwef rS wefzdk;&SdwJhyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;jzpfvmwmwJh/ uJ- 'gjzihf &Sio f m&dyw k &å m todÓPfawG&oGm;atmif "r® 'geawG ay;wmu &SiftóZd/ tJ'D"r®'geaMumihf tusdK;jzpfxGef; oGm;wmu &Sit f óZdvm;¿ &Sio f m&dyw k &å mvm;¿ (&Sio f m&dyw k &å m pmrsufESm 6 rS uG , f a ysmuf b,f a &muf o G m ;rS e f ; rod b J jzpfwwfjyefao;&JU/ (C) a&T t k d ; uk d b,f v k d j r§ K yf r vJ a&Tt;dk ukd b,foal wGu bmawGukd b,fvkdjr§KyfESHrSmvJ qkdwmukdvnf; od&Sdxm; oihfayw,f/ - ,ó 'gaee oDave? oH,are 'arep/ ed"d oke[ d ad wm a[mwd? £w¦d,m yk&doó0g/ a,musf m ;jzpf a p? rd e f ; rjzpf a p? tMuif trsKd ; aumif ; om;? trsKd ; aumif ;

a&mh

ygbk&m;)/ uJ- vSLwJv h x l uf ,lwv hJ u l tusKd ;yd&k w,fqw kd m rSwf xm;aemf/ 'geqdw k m ay;oltwGuf r[kwb f ;l / ,lot l wGu?f [kwu f hJ vm;/ 'g rsufjriftm;jzihfvnf; ,lwJholu &wmav/ ay;wJholu ygoGm;NyaD v/ ud, k q fh u D [m olrsm;ay;vku d w f mud;k / ,lwo hJ u l &wm aocsmwmayhg/ ukodkvf&wmawGbmawG tomxm;aemf/ at;- 'geqdkwm ay;oltwGuf tusdK;jzpfxGef;wmxuf ,loltwGuf tusdK;jzpfxGef;wmudk pHxm;NyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;u tajz xkwfwm/ bmhaMumihf "r®'geu jrwfovJvdkYar;vkdufvdkY&Sd&if Oyrm r,f- &SiftóZdu &Sifom&dykwå&mudk ouFef;wpfpHkvSLvkdufr,fqdk &if 'DouFe;f u ra[mif;cif? rpkwcf ifav;yJ 0wfv&Ykd rSmayhg/ [kw&f UJ vm;/ qGrf;vSLvkdufr,fqdk&ifvnf;yJ wpf&ufpmyJ&rSmayhg/ qGrf;&JU tusdK;jyKrIuvnf; 'DavmufyJ&Sdr,f/ ouFef; tusdK;jyKrIuvnf; 'Davmufy&J w dS ,f/ taqmuftOD;vSLvdu k rf ,fq&kd ifvnf; taqmuf tOD;&JUtusdK;jyKrIu 'DavmufyJ&Sdr,f/ "r®'geaMumifh "r®udk&oGm;wJh tcg tusKd ;jyKwmusawmh oHo&m0#fuvnf; vGwo f mG ;w,f/ tod ÓPfawGvnf; &oGm;w,f/ edAÁmefxdatmifvnf;a&mufoGm;w,f qdkawmh b,futusdK;awGrsm;wkef;? ("r®udkvSLwmu rsm;w,f)/ 'gaMumihfrdkY oAÁ'geH "r®'geH Zdemwd vdkY 'Dvdkajymwmaemf/ quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf

orD;wdkYonf ]'ge} wnf;[laom Opömxkyf? uk d , f E S i h f E I w f u k d apmih f x d e f ; aMumif ; jzpf w J h ]oH,r} vdkY ac:wJh ]orm"d} OpömxkyfESihf rsupf ?d em;? ESmacgif;? vQm? uk, d ?f pdwf pwJh £a`E´rsm;ukd ,Ofaus;atmif qkH;rjcif;jzpfwJh ]'r} vdkYac:qkd tyfwJh ]ynm} wnf;[laom Opö m xk y f (tEk * grd u a&T t k d ; ) wd k Y u d k o m jr§KyfESHMu&rSmjzpfygw,f/ b,f a e&mrS m jr§ K yf E S H M urS m vJ - apwD,rSpd oHaC0g? yk*¾av twdxDok0g/ rmw&d ydw&dpmyd? taxmaZ|rSdbmw&d/

tbx \ &SLvduk f

(ed"du@okwfygVd) a&T t k d ; jr§ K yf E S H & r,h f (7)Xme (1) apwDav;yg;/ (2) oHCm/ (3) yk*¾Kdvf/ (4) {nhfonfy&dowf/ (5) tar/ (6) taz/ (7) tpfukdBuD;? (trBuD;? aus;Zl;&Sdolrsm;) wdkY jzpfw,f/ earmor® m orÁ K '¨ ó rk H & G m aeZm quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf

jzefcY sad &;

]x} trSwfwHqdyf

trSw-f 15? vdiI jf rpfvrf;? ayguaf wm&yf? tif;pde?f &efuek /f

&SLaq;bl;BuD;

zkef;= 722704? 642047

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/

Ak'¨tarGcH om0uBuD; oQifawZrmvm(e*g;ay:)

Ak'¨onf wpfaeY &mZN*dK[fNrdKU\ teD; &SOfheufwdkYtm; tpmauR;&m a0VK0ef ausmif ; wk d u f ü oD w if ; oH k ; awmf r l p Of udk,fawmfjrwf\txHodkY csO;f uyfíaeaom &Sirf [muóyrax&ftm; rdefYawmfrlyg\/ ]]cspf o m; uóy? &[ef ; wd k Y u d k qH;k ryg/ w&m;pum;udk a[mMum;yg/ tcg tm;avsmfpGm igbk&m;qHk;rouJhodkY cspfom; onfvnf; qHk;ryg}} þod k Y rd e f Y a wmf r l & jcif ; onf udk,fawmfjrwfESihf wef;wlxm;í wynhfwdkY tm; qHk;rapjcif;ç w&m;a[mapjcif;jzpfyg \/ vuf0v J uf,mawmf&H &Siaf rm*¾vmefEiS fh &Sifom&dykwå&mrax&fBuD;ESpfyg; &Sdygaomf vnf; xdrk ax&fw\ Ykd oufwrf;um; wdak wmif; vS\/ xdkYaMumifh oufawmf (120) &Snfrnhf r[muóyrax&ftm;om udk,fawmf\ t&mü cefYtyfawmfrljcif;jzpf\/ þtjyif rax&fBuD;\ aemiftem*wfomoemawmf twGuf pGrf;aqmifEdkifrnhf t&nftcsif;udk vnf; BudKwifíjrifawmfrljcif;aMumifhvnf; jzpfyg\/ rax&fjrwfBuD;ü jrwfAk'¨ txl; csD;rGrf;tyfaom t&nftcsif;wdkY&Sdao;\/ xd k t &nf t csif ; wd k Y u m; jrwf A k ' ¨ u J h o d k Y y if yxrpsmef ç 'k w d , psmef ç wwd , psmef ç tmumomeÍöm,wepsmefç 0dnmeÍöm,we psmefç tmudÍönm,wepsmef? ae0onmem

onm,wepsmefwu Ykd kd tvd&k w dS idk ;f 0ifpm;Edik f \/ ,if;psmefwu Ykd kd ausmv f eG í f onma0'em csKyfNidrf;&m eda&m"ormywfudkvnf; 0ifpm; Edkif\/ wefcdk;£'¨dyg'ftrsdK;rsdK;udkvnf; tvdk &Sdwkdif; zefqif;Edkif\/ vlYbHkewfbHk ponfwdkY üjzpfaom toHç ta0;üjzpfaomtoHwu Ykd kd vnf; 'dAÁaomwjzihf Mum;Edkif\/ vGefcJhNyD; aom rsm;pGmaom twdwfb0wdkYudkvnf; jyefvnfí atmufarhqifjcifodjrifEdkif\/ owå0gwdkY\pdwfudkvnf; ydkif;jcm;íodEkdif\/ owå0gwdkY\jzpfrI? ysufrI jzpfqJjzpfvwåHU jzpfvmrnfhtaMumif;wdkYudkvnf; 'dAÁpu©Kjzihf MunhfjrifEdkif\/ t&[wåorm"dç t&[wå zd k v f y nmwd k Y u d k v nf ; rsuf a rS m uf x if x if udk,fwkdifodjrifEdkifyg\/ odkYaomf jrwfAk'¨ aeYpOfaeYwkdif; uka# (24) ode;f ta&twGu&f adS om orm ywfwdkYudkum; r0ifpm;Edkif/ a&rD;tpHkpHkaom ,rdkufjym#d[mjyaomtm;jzihf tbdnmOfwdkY udk roHk;aqmifEdkifjcif;wdkYom&Sd\/ rnfodkYyif jzpfap? jrwfAk'¨um; udk,fawmf\t&mudk xm;awmfrjl cif;onf tem*wfomoemawmf \tusdK;udk jrifawmfrljcif;aMumifhomjzpfay \/ trSeftm;jzihf tem*wfomoemawmf tm; þrax&f j rwf o nf aumif ; pG m xrf ; aqmifEikd af yvdrrfh nf[í l jrwfA'k u ¨ ,HMk unf awmfrljcif;aMumihf[kvnf; qdkEdkif\/ jrwf A k ' ¨ y &d e d A Á m ef p H v G e f N yD ; cgpu

jzpfyg\/ &SiftmeE´rax&fonf rdrdtxHodkY a&muf&Sdvmí idka<u;aeMuaom ykxkZOf bdu©Kç bdu©KeDrç Oygoumç OygodumrwdkY tm; w&m;pum;jzihf a[majymae&\/ xdkodkY &SiftmeE´mrax&f w&m;a[m&m om0w¬d jynf aZw0efausmif;0,f &Sifr[muóy rax&fBuD;vnf; a&muf&SdaeqJtcsdefjzpfyg \/ &SiftmeE´mrax&fonf &Sifr[m uóyrax&fjrwfBuD;tm; ausmif;awmfü a&muf&adS epOf BuKH wek ;f BuKH cu kd f ur®|mef;w&m; tm;xkwfaeqJjzpfMuaom bdu©KeDwdkYtm; w&m;a[majymay;yg&ef awmif;yefavQmuf xm;\/ rdrdESihfEdIif;pmvQif Ak'¨\udk,fpm; jzpfawmfrlaom þrax&fjrwfBuD; a[majym aom w&m;"r®uyif bdu©KeDwdkYtwGuf ydkí xda&mufEdkifvdrfhrnf[kvnf; &SiftmeE´m rax&f ,HkMunfrdaomaMumifhjzpfyg\/ rax&fjrwfonfvnf; &SiftmeE´m rax&f\ oH;k Burd o f ;kH cgavQmufxm;jcif;aMumihf bdu©KeDrwdkYausmif;odkY<uí w&m;a[m&av \/ xdo k w Ykd &m;a[m&mü &Sit f meE´mrax&f um; aemuf a wmf y g;rS a eav\/ xd k t cg w&m;emMuaom bdu©KeDrrsm;xJrS cE¨mudk,f tvGef0í qlNzdK;aom xkv’wdómtrnf&Sd bdu©KeDronf rax&fBuD;\w&m;pum;udk rESpfoufaMumif;ajymqdk\/ ]]todkYenf;? þrax&fonf ÓPf ynmjzih f ud p ö c yf o d r f ; ud k jyKwwf a om &SiftmeE´mrax&f\rsufarSmufüyif w&m; a[moljzpfonf[k xif&Sm;avoavm/ tyf ukefonfonf tyfxkwfvkyfolxHodkY tyf a&mif;oiho f nf[k rSwx f ifouJo h Ykd þrax&f onfvnf; &SiftmeE´mrax&f\a&SUawmfü w&m;a[moih f o avm/ þrax&f o nf awm&cdrk ;DS aom t&n0goDyo H u k "l w k ifaqmif &[ef;jzpfygvsuf yd#uwfoHk;yHkaqmif "r® b@m*g&d u rax&f \ rsuf p d a tmuf ü igonf "r®uxduyk*¾dKvfwnf;[k cH,lvsuf w&m;a[mMum;xdkufoavm}} rax&fjrwfonf bdu©KeDr\ uJh&JU aom pum;udMk um;aomf &Sit f meE´mrax&f

DHAMMA DEW "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/

owd r jywf e J Y a v

Carefulness

cE¨mrSm odrIeJY azmufjyefrI oabmyJ&Sdw,f puúefYwdkif;rSm ESvHk;ckefaew,f puúefYjcm;um touf½Iaew,fav/ wpfudk,fvHk;rSm xdawGUvmorQ odae&w,fav/ azmufjyefwwfwJh tajcvnf; BuHKawGU&r,fav/ rwnfNrJwJh oabm ]tedpö} tpdk;r&wJhoabmeJY ]tewå} qif;&Jjcif;qdkwJh ]'ku©] 'Dw&m;awG tNrJESvHk;oGif;&if ,Ofaus;vmr,fav vl,Ofaus;av w&m;oabmeJYaeygav/ rif;e&dE´m

There are consciousness and reaction at the body or Khanda Heart beats within second Breathing within seconds Know about the touches the whole body.

tm; rdefYawmfrl\/ ]]ihg&Sit f meE´m? todyYk genf;/ igu tyfukefonfjzpfí oifonf tyfxkwfvkyf oljzpfoavm/ odkYwnf;r[kwf igu tyf xkwfvkyfoljzpfí oifonf tyfukefonf jzpfoavm}} ]]t&S i f b k & m;? onf ; cH a wmf r l y g/ þbdu©KeDronf rdkuf½dkif;vSyg\}} ]]igh&iS ?f oif\pum;udk acwåqikd ;f iHh OD;avm h/ igh&Sifonf Ak'¨udk,fpm;jzpfaom iguJhodkYaom om0uBuD;udk onf;cHyg[k wm;jrpf\/ bdu©KeDronf raumif;aom pum;udv k nf;aumif;ç rajymoihaf om pum; udkvnf;aumif;ç rajymxkdufrajymtyfaom pum;udkvnf;aumif; ajymqdkav&m\[k ravQmufxm;jcif;onf ]]udk,hfbufom;}} [laom bduK© erD udk cGiv fh w T af y;&m a&muf aeay\/ tu,fíum; tjcm;&[ef;wdkYu oifhtay:ü oifESihfbdu©KeDronf cspfcif uRrf ; 0if r I & S d a eayvd r f h r nf [ k vG J r S m ;aom rSwfxifrIwdkY rjzpfygapESihf/ ]]ihg&Sif? jrwfAk'¨ onf oihftm; tpOftwkdif; 0ifpm;tyfaom ormywf (9) yg;? tbdnmOf (6) yg; w&m; wdkYudk igbk&m;uJhodkY 0ifpm;Edkifonf[kvnf; aumif;? Ak'¨\ udk,fpm;awmftjzpfvnf;

aumif; rdefYMum;í xm;cJh\avm}} ]]t&Sifbk&m;? rxm;cJhyg}} ]]ihg&Sif? ightm; jrwfAk'¨u xdkodkY rdefYrSmxm;cJhay\/ igh&SiftmeE´m? þbdu©KeD ronf ajczsm;rS OD;uif;xdatmif ckepfawmif aomfvnf;aumif;? ckepfawmifhxGmaomfvnf; aumif ; ? t&yf j rih f a omqif a jymif B uD ; ud k xef;yifi,f\ t&Gujf zihf zH;k tkyí f um; jzpfEikd f vdrhfrnf? &Edkifvdrfhrnf[k rSwfxifavouJh odkY ig\tbdnmOfwdkYudk zHk;tkyfí &Edkifvdrfh rnf[k rSwfxif&Smav\/ þodkYrax&fjrwfonf tbdnmOf ajcmufyg;jzihf jcaoFrh if;\toHuo hJ Ykd aMumuf &GUH jcif;uif;pGm &J&ihv f aS ompum;udk rdeaYf wmf rlonf&Sdaomf rax&fjrwfudk jypfrSm;rdaom bdu©KeDrtm; 0wf½Hkxm;aom ouFef;wdkYonf cE¨mud, k u f kd xuf&cS Rejf raomql;cufq;l EG,f wdkYjzihf qGJjcpfxkd;qGaeouJhodkY jzpfaeav\/ ouFef;udkcRwfí vlwdkY\t0wfwefqmjzpf aom tus?Ð vHck snw f u Ykd kd vJ0wfaomtcgrS omvQif csrf;om&m&í vl0wfaMumifb0 jzihfom ae&&Smawmh\/ xdkbdu©KeDrum; uHqdk;&Smonf[k qdk&ayrnf/ tb,faMumihf qdkaomf rD;cJrS oGm;udkifrdonfudk;/ oQif a wZrmvm (e*g;ay:) usrf ; ñT e f ; - 0d e nf ; r[m0g

That will reach the changes of health. Instability called "Aneissa" Unpredictablitly called "Annatta" Suffering called "Dokkha" You can be tamed by that Dhamma. If you accept them. Please stay with Dhamma Min Nareinder

pmrsuf E S m 5 rS usihfoHk;aeaeMuwJh £a`E´NidrfoufwJh &[ef; oHCmawG? a,m*DawGqD oGm;a&mufawGUqHk zl;jrifyguG,f/ 'Dvdk oGm;a&mufzl;jrifzdkY tajc taeray;&if oH C mEk ó wd bm0em yG m ;rsm;yg/ 'grS r [k w f Munf n d K zG , f aumif;wJh Ak'¨qif;wkawmfudk tm½HkjyKNyD; Ak'¨gEkówdbm0emyGm;vdkufyg/ taMumif; uawmh bk & m;&S i f [ mud a vom tyl "mwf r S e f o rQ vH k ; 0uif ; Nid r f ; ç at;Nid r f ; NyD ; wJ h orPtppf {uef j zpf v d k Y y gyJ uG,/f uav;wdkYvnf; pdwfESvHk;at;csrf;csif w,fr[kwfvm;/ uav;wdkYa&- tpydkif;rSmajymcJhwJh tZmwowfrif;om;[m tzudkowfrdvdkY tdyfr&jzpfaewm bk&m;&Sifudkzl;jrifNyD;wJh aemufydkif;rSm pdwfawGNidrf;csrf;NyD; jyeftdyfvdkY &oGm;owJh/ 'gaMumifhrdkY uav;wdkYwpfawG pdwn f pf&if bk&m;oGm;zl;? q&mawmfBu;D awG oGm;zl;Muaemf/ t&ufraomufMueJYaemf/ (29) r*Fvm r*Fvm? 38 jzm r*Fvm/ 29- rSm a[mñTeMf um;? orP 'óe r*F v mw&m;/ pdwf"mwftylrsm; Nidrf;zdkY&m? Nidrf;csrf;oludk zl;ajrmfyg/ [dka&S;tcg tZmwowf? bk&m;zl;vdkY pdwfat;&/ Nidrf;csrf;vdkvS nDav;i,f? Nidrf;csrf;oleJY awGUqHkuG,f/ Nidrf;csrf;oleJYawGUqHkrS? tNidrf;"mwfawG ul;r,fy/ av;tdrfpk t&Sif0dpdwåom&

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

'umBuD;ESihf acwåvlYjynfrSm a&TxD;(urÇm;wJ)

'umBuD;a&../ 'Dwpfywfuawmh OD;Zif;eJY wuúov kd f twlwufaewJh oli,fcsif; OD;Zif;wpfyg;&JU taMumif;av;ajymNyD; enf;enf;awG;Munhf MupkdYvm;/ Ak'¨wuúodkvf&JUwpfckaom pmoif aqmif x J r S m twef ; azmf ol i ,f c sif ; awG tm;vkH; ukd,hfae&mukd,f toD;oD; xkdifae MuNyD; uxduq&mawmf<urvm ao;cif tcsdefav;rSm pmaqG;aEG;olvnf; aqG;aEG ;Mu? wpfcsKdUawGvnf; a&mufwwf &m&m av;awGukd ajymaeMuwmayhg/ ab;em;rSm ,S O f w G J N yD ; xk d i f a eMujzpf w J h ol i ,f c sif ; wpfa,mufukd arQmfaerdw,f/ t&ifaeYu xuf aemufusNyD;rS ola&muf vmcJhw,f/ ol Y v uf x J r S m vnf ; yvyf p wpf txk y f uav;wpfxkyfukdifvm w,f/ ]]t&Sifbk&m;rvmawmhbl;xifNyD; aeYpOfvufrSwfawmif wynhfawmfxkd;xm; vkdufw,f}} ]]wifygh? wynhfawmf e,fbufu w&m;yGJav;wpfyGJtwGuf vufurf;"gwfykH av;awG oGm;ul;ae&vkdY enf;enf;aemufus oGm;w,fbk&m;}} ol Y v uf x J u "gwf y k H a v;awG u k d ,lMunhfrdvkdufw,f/ av;vufrywfvnf avmuf&SdwJhqkd'fuav;awG txyfvkduful; vmw,f/ ouFef;½kHxm;wJhykHpH atmufem; av;rS m u rS w f o m;p&m tawG ; tac: 'óepum;av;awG a&;xnh f x m;w,f / xl;qef;wmav;wpfcku olY&JUbGJUeHab;u pmwef;av;yJ/ tJ'Dpmwef;av;u-

]]t&Siaf &0w (acwåvjYl ynf)}} wJ/h xl;xl;qef;qef;jzpfaewJh olpY mwef; av;&JUtaMumif;udk ar;Munhfrdw,f/ ]]t&Sib f &k m;&JUbGUJ aemufu uGi;f p uGif;ydwfeJYpmwef;av;u xl;qef;vScsnf vm;? olrsm;awGvkd acwå*syef? acwåtar &d u ef v nf ; r[k w f b J acwå v l Y j ynf w J h / b,fvo dk abmvJ? t&GUJ wku d w f o hJ abmvm;}} ]]aMomf - 'gvm;? t&G J U wk d u f w m vnf;r[kwf&ygbl;/ ukd,hfxufom remvkd p&mvnf;r&Sdygbl;/ 'um? 'umrawGudk oH a 0*ÓPf x if v matmif jyvk d u f w J h oabmyg/ emrnfBuD;atmifvkyfwmawmh r[kwfbl;aemf/ wynhfawmfa[mr,hfw&m; &J U acgif ; pOf u d k u acwåcPwm þvlY&Gm vdkY emrnfay;xm;vdkYbk&m;}} ]][kwfvm;bk&m;? t&Sifbk&m;&JU tkid 'f , D mu awmfawmfaumif;om;yJ? w&m;yGJ ub,fawmhvJbk&m;}} ]]uqk e f v xJ r S m a[mrS m bk & mh ? t&Sifbk&m;vnf; a'oEÅ&A[kokwtjzpf wynhfawmfwdkY e,fbufukdvkdufcJhzkdY tck uwnf;u BuKdyihfw,faemf}} ]]wifyhg wynhfawmf&GmrjyefjzpfvkdY tm;&if a wmh t&S i f bk & m;wd k Y q D vk d u f j zpf atmif vku d cf yhJ ghr,f? w&m;vnf;em&if;ayhg}} 'umBuD;.. olY"gwfykHxJu uGif;p uG if ; yd w f e J Y p mwef ; av;uk d b,f v k d j rif v J / tay:,HtaeeJYMunhfvkdufr,fqkd&if ayg aMumifaMumifvkdY xifMurSmtaotcsmyJ/ 'gayr,hf olYtawG;eJY olYcHpm;csufu rayg ygbl ; / uG i f ; puG i f ; yd w f e J Y a &;xm;wJ h tJ ' D

pmwef;av;uwpfqihf 'um? 'umrawG&JU todÓPfxJukd xkd;xGif;odapcsifwJh olYqE´ av;u ay:vGifxif&Sm;vSygw,f/ {nh f o nf t jzpf a &muf v mMuwJ h vlawG[m wpfaeYus ukd,hfae&mukd jyefMu &wm xk;H pHyrJ [kwv f m;/ vlb Y 0qkw d m cP wnf;ckd&wJh a*[mav;wpfckvdkygyJ/ [kdvl 0ifwnf;ck?d 'Dv0kd ifwnf;cdek YJ vlrsK;d aygif;vnf; tpkHygyJ/ tJ'Dvlaygif;pkH xJu ukd,feJYoabm xm; wdkufqkdifwJholawGeJYvnf; awGUr,f/ oabmxm; rwdkufqkdifwJh olawGeJYvnf; awGUr,f/ oabmus&if NyKH;jyr,f? EIwfquf r,f ? twl w l aygif ; pnf ; r,f / oabm rusbl; qkd&ifawmh a'go xGufvkdufr,f? &efawGU vkdufr,f? rausreyfjzpfvkdufr,f? uGJjyr,f/ 'DvkdeJYyJ tNyKH;awG? trkef;awG a&maxG;&if; a*[mav;uae tcsdefwef ADZmukefawmh cGJcGmMu&ukefwm ygyJ/ {nh f o nf t jzpf wnf ; ck d a e&wJ h OD;Zif;wdkY'umBuD;wdkYawG[mvnf; a*[m av;u AD Z mruk e f c if taysmf t yg;awG e J Y vrf;qkH;aevdkYrjzpfawmhbl;/ ,ckuwnf;u jyifqifp&m&Sdwmav;awGukd tqifoihfjyif qifNyD; txkyfuav;awG xkyfxm;Mur,f av/ tJ'g bmxkyfawGvJqkd&if ukodkvf txk y f e J Y tuk o d k v f t xk y f ? txk y f r S m ;NyD ; tukodkvftxkyfBuD;rsm; ,loGm;r,fqkd&if tjyefvrf;rSm 'ku©tBuD;tus,fom a&muf NyDrSwfvkdufyg/ ]]aysmf p H & d y f N id r f pnf ; pd r f u G m ? rif ; csrf ; omum; ork ' ´ & m a&rsuf E S m xuf cPwuf o nh f a&yGufyrm wpfoufvsmwnf;}} teEÅol&d,trwfBuD;&JU aemuf qkH;rsufajz"r®oHa0*vuFmav;yg/ cPa&mufvmwJh vlYb0av;ukd wpfarhwpfarmeJY taysmfBuD;aysmfaeMuwJh OD;Zif;wkdYwpfawGukd ork'´&ma&rsufESmjyif us,fBuD;ay:rSm yGufNyD;wufvmwJh ]]a&yGuf uav;}} eJY EIdif;pmNyD; aemufqkH; rif;jypf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rif;'PfeJYaoqkH;&awmhr,fh tckduftwefY av;rSm oHa0*jzpfapwJh vuFmav;eJY pyfqkd qk;H ray;cJw h hJ teEÅo&l , d trwfBu;D &JUvuFm av;yJ tjypf ' Pf a y;vk d u f w J h e&ywd pnfolrif;ukdyif rsm;pGm aemifwjzpfapcJh w,fav/ cPwm vl Y b 0uk d touf & S i f aexk d i f z k d Y t wG u f &S m azG & w,f ? pk a qmif ; &w,f? tJ'Dvkd &SmazG pkaqmif;wJhtcgrSm avmb? a'goawGvnf;ygr,f/ Ekdihfxuf pD;eif;rw&m;&vkdrlawG tp&SdwJh rdpämZD0 vnf; ygrSmyJ/ cPav;twGif;rSmyJ &Smvkduf &wm zwfzwfukdarmaewmyJ/ &Smawmh&mS ayghav/ &SmaewJt h csed f rSm b,foyl jJ zpfjzpf &,lyidk q f idk v f rkd I avmb av;wpfckuawmh ygrSmyJ/ olwpfyg; 'ku© a&muf a pEk d i f r ,h f Ek d i f h x uf p D ; eif ; &vd k r I r[kw&f if&ygNy/D Oyrm avmbqkw d m &,l vkrd ?I twdavmbqkw d m tvGet f usL; &,l vkdrI? ESpfrsKd;vkH;rSm a&SUu ]twd} qkdwJh yk'f uav;rygzkdY ta&;BuD;w,f/ b,fvkdyJjzpfjzpf &oihf&xkdufwm av;uawmh rsm;rsm;om ,lxm;vkdufyg/ NyD;awmh vSLoifhvSLxkdufwmawGrSm vSLyg/ b,fvdkae&mawGrSm vSL&rSmvJqkd&if vlrsKd;? bmom? omoemtwGuf vkt d yfwahJ e&mrSm wpfaxmihfwpfae&mu wwfEkdifoavmuf vSLay;&rSmayhg/ pkxm; aqmif;xm;wmav; awG&Sd&if tckuwnf;u xkwfNyD;vSLxm; aemf/ aorS ][if;-} csroGm;EkdifbJaeOD;r,f/ pum;pyfrdvkdY ajym&tkH;r,f'umBuD;a&../ ukd,hfbufudk vdk&mqGJaew,fvkdY awmh ratmufarhygeJY/ OD;Zif; tck y&[dw ausmif ; opf a v;wpf a usmif ; aqmuf z k d Y twGuf 0w¦KaiG vdt k yfaew,f/ tJ'gaMumihf tcGihftcgBuKHwkef;om vSLvkdufygawmhvkdY/ pum;pyfrdvdkYajymwmaemf/

tJ'Dawmh OD;Zif;wkdY cPwmav;ukd jyef q uf M u&atmif / aus;Zl ; awmf & S i f r[m*E¨m½kHq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u Mo0g'ay;cJhw,f/ ]]pnf;pdrfOpöm touf cE¨mukd,fawG tm;vkH;ukd aemufqkH;bmrS ok H ; r&?tcsnf ; tES D ; xm;ypf c J h M u&rS m jzpf w ,f / cPwmtwG i f ; rS m yJ yk d i f q k d i f c G i h f &vmwJhpnf;pdrfOpömeJY a[m'DcE¨mukd,fBuD; ukd aumif;aumif;tokH;cs rn§mrwmckdif;NyD; ukov kd af umif;rIawG jyKvyk í f aevku d yf g}} wJ/h bmrSokH;r& tcsnf;tESD;jzpfr,hf pnf;pdrfOpömeJY a[m'DcE¨mukd,fBuD;ukd ESajrm raeeJY? wGefYwkdraeeJY? aumif;aumif;tokH;cs vk d u f y g/ pnf ; pd r f O pö m awG u d k 'gejyKNyD ; tok H ; csvk d u f ? wpf e nf ; tm;jzih f 'geeJ Y tpm;xk d ; vk d u f w mayh g / cE¨ m uk d , f B uD ; uk d awmh oD v eJ Y tok H ; csyg/ NyD ; awmh bm0emeJ Y tok H ; csyg? tpm;xk d ; ygvk d Y q&mawmf B uD ; uqk d & if ; jzpf y gw,f / tvkyfvkyfwJhae&mrSm ]o'¨g} qkw d hJ ,kHMunfrIw&m;av; tvGefta&;BuD;w,f/ aumif;rIukodkvf bmrSrvkyfwJhol[m o'¨g w&m;bmrSr&SdvdkYbJ/ enf;enf;vkyf&if o'¨g w&m;enf;enf;&SdvdkYyJ/ rsm;rsm;vkyfwJholqkd &ifawmh o'¨gw&m;rsm;rsm;&SdvdkYyJ/ ukodkvf qkdwmukd vSLwm? pGefYBuJay;urf;wmukdrS uk o k d v f v d k Y wpf c sKd U u xif w wf M uw,f / ukodkvfqkdwm trsm;BuD;yg/ 'gejyKvkdufwm vnf; ukodkvfyJ/ oDvNrJ&ifvnf; ukodkvf yJ/ bm0emyGm;rsm;&ifvnf; ukodkvf? ukd,f? EIwf? ESvkH; okH;yg;vkH;u aumif;wmawG jyKrl aewmukd ukokdvfvdkYac:ygw,f/ cPav; tckduftwefYrSm ,kHMunf rIo'¨g? jyif;jywJh qE´? BuKd;pm;wJh 0D&d,? csifhcsdefwJhynm tnDtrQxm;um 'ge? oDv? bm0emukokdvfawGudk aeYpOfaeYwkdif; jyKvkyf

vkdufyg/ 'grSom oHo&mtwGuf rkcsygrSm yJ/ ypönf;OpömawG bmrS ygrSr[kwfyg/ 0wf xm;wJht0wfuav;awmif aumif;&if cRwf ,lxm;MuOD;rSm/ bkd;awmfrif;w&m;acwfu trwf BuD;OD;ay:OD;&JU rif;y&dowf vly&dowfawGudk aemufqkH;c&D; oHa0*jzpfap&ef tacgif;ab; wpf b uf w pf c suf r S m tayguf a zmuf u m vufESpfbufukd tjyifxkwfum oN*KØ[fckdif; cJhw,f/ ol&JUt"dyÜg,fu ]]cPwm &vm& wJ h v l Y b 0rS m &S m azG x m;orQ t&m0w¦ K awG [ maemuf q k H ; xm;ypf c J h & NyD ; vuf csnf ; Avmom oG m ;&w,f } } qk d w muk d ynm&S d t rwf B uD ; u aumif ; aumif ; ñT e f j yoG m ;cJ h w myJ / t&Sifa&0w (acwåvlYjynf) uae qihfyGm;NyD; ukodkvftawG;awGvnf; awG;jzpf cJhw,f/ acwåqkdwJh pum;vkH;av;uvnf; trsm;BuD ; t"d y Ü g ,f o uf a &muf y gw,f / trsm;BuD;vnf; awG;,lvdkY&ygw,f/ t&Sif a&0wa&.. aus;Zl;ygyJ/ 'umBuD ; wd k Y OD ; Zif ; wd k Y a wG v nf ; f m;/ b,f wu,fawmh acwåawGyJ r[kwv t&mrS ykHaowGufNyD; qkyfukdifrxm;vkduf ygeJY/ wpfckrSrykdifygbl;/ t&mtm;vkH;[m acwåawGygyJ/ vl Y j ynf r S m acwå a &muf & S d v mwJ h 'umBuD;ukd aemufqkH;ajymcsifwmu pdwfxJ rSm ihgypönf;? ihgtdrf? ihg,m? ihgaqGrsKd;tokdif; t0kdif;vkdY xifvkdufNyDqkd&if twåu tEkdif,l oGm;rSmyJ/ twåeYJ acwå cGjJ cm;Ny;D awmh 'um BuD;wpfa,muf tjrefqkH; em;vnfvkdufyg/ em;vnfEkdifr,fvkdYvnf; arQmfvihf ygw,f/ om;awmf a rmif ( acwå v l Y j ynf ) a&T x D ; (urÇ m ;wJ )

pmrsuf E S m 19 rS yapöuAk'¨g(8)yg;onf qGrf;cH<uvmonfESihf BuKHí vifa,musfm;ukd qGrf;vSLckdif;NyD; &Sdckd; ckid ;f onf/ vifu yapöuAk'g¨ rsm;ukd &[ef;iSuf awG[kqkdum r&Sdckd;bJ rvSLcJhacs/ xkdtcg v,f o l r u rd r d & aomtpmuk d vS L onf / aemufaeYvnf; tvSLcH<u&ef zdwo f nf/ aemufaeYwGif yapöuAk'¨g (500)

onf rdcifukd cs;D jri§ &fh ef tukev f ;Hk <uMuonf/ (8)yg;pm pD&ifxm;aom qGrf;ukd vSL'gef;&m (500) vk;H yif vkaH vmufonf/ trsK;d orD;onf MumnK(d 8)yGiu fh kd ,lvmNy;D yapöuAk'g¨ (8)ql\ ajc&if;wGifcsum]]t&Sib f &k m;? jzpfav&mb0 oHo&m ü wynhaf wmfr\ uk, d t f qif;onf þMumnKd

yef;wdkY\twGif; Mumwkduftqif;uhJodkY jzpf& ygvd\ k }} [k qkawmif;cJo h nf/ þaumif;rIrsm;ESihf qkawmif;rIrsm; aMumihf OyÜv0Pfonf aemufq;Hk b0wGiv f nf; MumnKdtqif; wihfw,faom ½kyftqif;&Sdol jzpfvm&ygonf/ NyD ; ygNyD

DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES

"r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mysufjym;rI t0de,udk a&SmifEkdif&efjzpfonf/

aysmf&Tifjcif;\aemufuG,f

e'D oQH ('óe) ]]vlYb0qdkwm aA'gyGihfav;awG vdkygyJ/ cufcJMurf;wrf;wJh vdIif;avMum; rS m tqH k ; r&S d w J h b0oH o &ma&pD ; xJ arsmae&wmygyJ/ twdkuftcHawG awGU vm&if aumif ; uif r S m avqef u d k ½kef;uef&if; tjrifhudkysHwufaewJh puúL pGefav;udkowd&vkdufyg/ 'gayr,hf BudK; awmh rjywf a peJ Y a emf / }} vGecf ahJ omq,fEpS cf efu Y Zmwdjzpf aom OuúHNrdKU txufwef;ausmif;\ ESpfywf vnf r *¾ Z if ; ü q,f w ef ; ausmif ; ol a v; ]]aemfoqJcl}} a&;aom tawG;'óeav; jzpf\/ zwf&wmacsmarGUNy;D cGet f m;ay;aom tawG;awGaMumifh rSwÓ f Pfü rarhEikd af tmif pG J x if a e\/ tcuftcJrsm;awGUBuHKwkdif; ]pGefqw kd m avpkerf mS txufurkd wufb;l / av[kefudkqef&if;om txufudkwufEdkif wm? b0qd k w mvnf ; ½k e f ; uef E d k i f r S awmufajymifwm} [k ESvHk;oGif;rdvsuf om;jzpf \ / b0onf wdkawmif;\/ xdkYaMumihf i,f & G , f p Of u mvü aysmf & T i f p G m b0ud k ukefvGefapoihf\/ þuJhodkYrSwf,lMuaom vli,frsm;pGmyif&Sd\/ ukefvGefoGm;NyD;vQif rnf o nh f e nf ; ES i h f r Q tpm;jyef r &Ed k i f a om tcsdefudk jzKef;wD;ypfjcif;onf ppfrSefaom epfemjcif;yifjzpf\/ b0\ aEGOD;&moD[k

qd k t yf a om q,f a usmf o uf t &G , f w G i f taysmf t &T i f y G J v rf ; obif ü om pd w f onf epf j r§ K yf u suf p m;aernf q d k v Qif ESpfq,fausmf t&G,fü b0ESihfywfouf í av;euf a om &nf o ef p H x m;csuf rsm; rjzpf a y:cJ h v Qif xd k v l i ,f \ b0 onf tem*wf u mvü awmuf a jymif vSy&ef cufcJaernfomjzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh aysm&f iT jf cif;obm0udk cGjJ cm;od&ef vdt k yf\/ opömESifhr,SOfaom aysmf&Tifjcif;onf tajrmf tjrifenf;jcif;ü tajccH\/ tajrmftjrif enf;jcif;onfvnf; aomhoGrf;jcif;? a[m &rf;jcif;ü tajccH\/ opömü r,SOfaom aysmf&Tifjcif;\aemufuG,f wGif aomu? y&d a '0? 'k u © w d k Y o nf uyf & yf y gvm\/ ,if ; aysmf & T i f j cif ; onf iS u f a ysmyif \ toD;oD;jcif;ESihfyrm wl\/ toD;oD;NyD; onf \aemuf u G , f ü iS u f a ysmyif \ ouf w rf ; onf v nf ; uk e f q H k ; jcif ; od k Y a&muf\/ a'0'wfonf vmbfoyfyumESihf xifay:vdkjcif;aMumihf oHCmoif;cGjJ cif;onf rd r d u d k , f r d r d tqH k ; pD & if jcif ; yif j zpf \ / opömESifhr,SOfaom aysmf&Tif jcif;\ ed*Hk;onf þodkYyifjzpf\/ i,f p Of u mv tcsd e f r sm;pG m ud k aysmf & T i f j cif ; jzih f o m uk e f v G e f a paomol onf BuD ; &ih f a omtcg aysmf p &m raumif;aom tcsdefawGom ydkrdkrsm;jym; vmaMumif; udk,fawGUtaeESihf odvm& ayrnf / ,if ; uJ h o d k Y ud k , f a wG U taeES i h f od v m&jcif ; ud k ]aemif w } [l í qd k & \/ ]aemifw} [lonfrSm tcsdefvGefrS a&muf&Sd vmaom todw&m;\ ]yJw h ifo}H yifjzpf\/ xdkyJhwifoHonf rSefum; rSef\/ odkYaomf wef z d k ; rS m enf ; vG e f ; \/ taMumif ; rS m tcsdefESihf vkdufavsmnDaxGrI r&SdaomaMumifh jzpf\/ rnfonhft&m0w¬Kjzpfap ,if;\ wef z d k ; tBuD ; tao;ud k owf r S w f & mwG i f rd r d \ vuf & S d t ajctaet& od e m;vnf r I twk d i f ; twmonf jcm;em;wwf a om oabm&Sd\/ use;f rmjcif;\wefz;kd udk use;f rma&; azmuf j yef c Rwf , G i f ; vmonh f umvwG i f

odvm&\/ &moDOwkaumif;rGefom,mjcif; \ wefzdk;udk &moDOwkazmufjyefjcif;aMumifh ab;tEÅ & m,f E S i f h a wG U BuH K &aomumvrS m oabmayguf v m&\/ Ek y sd K jcif ; aMumih f um,tm;? ÓPtm; rsm;jym;xufjrufjcif; udk Z&mt&G,f tbufbufrS qkwf,kwf aomumvrSm em;vnfvm&\/ aysmf & T i f j cif ; [l o nf wif ; Muyf aompd w f \ ajyavsmh j cif ; yif j zpf \ / pd w f \ tmomajyjcif ; [k v nf ; qd k & \/ odaYk omf wif;usyfjcif;ESihf tmomqE´wu Ykd kd twk d i f ; xuf t vG e f rjzpf a y:ap&ef xdef;csKyfvQif &Edkifyg\/ ,if;udk ]twå or®myPd"d} [k ac:qdk\/ tawG;tjrif rSefuefjcif;\ &v'fyifjzpf\/ tawG;tjrif rSefuefjcif;onf opömESihf,SOfaom aysmf&Tif jcif;udk jzpfap\/ ,if;ESihfpyfvsOf;í bk&m; &Sifonf ]"r®y'} ü a[mfawmfrltyf\/ ]]odraf rGUvGe;f aomaMumihf todÓPf \ e,fy,fwGif jyufjyufxifxifjrifEdkif&ef cufcaJ om? opömESirfh ,SOaf om aysm&f iT jf cif; jzifh umvrsm;pGm oHo&m0,f upOfu h vsm; ajy;vTm;usufpm;wwfaompdwfudk tawG; tjrif rSefuefjcif;jzihf xdef;csKyfuGyfuJEdkifcJh vQif jrihfrm;aomqkvmbfrsm; twkdif;xuf tvGef &&Sdvmrnfjzpf\/}} ("r®y' *gxm- 36) aysmf&Tifjcif;onf ppfrSefygu tod ynmonf ygvmNrJjzpf\/ ,if;obm0onf tjyKoabmaqmifaomaMumifh c&D;qHk;onhf wk d i f t&d y f y rm vk d u f y gvmrnf j zpf \ / xdt Yk wl qefu Y sib f uft&yfü&Sad om aomu? y&da'0? 'kuw © u Ykd v kd nf;aumif;? ,if;\aemuf quf w G J &v'fjzpfaom aemifwudkvnf; aumif; urÇmjcm;um xm;&pfEikd cf rhJ nfjzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh twdwfpmrsufESmrsm; udk vSefavSmMunhfrdonhftcgwkdif; yDwd jzpf&onfqdkvQif ,if;onf opömESihf,SOf aom aysmf & T i f j cif ; \ tES p f o m&[l í vnf;aumif;? awG;rdvkdufwkdif; wif;usyf aom cH p m;rI E S i h f EG r f ; vsaeonf q d k v Qif ,if ; onf opö m ES i f h r ,S O f a om aysmf & T i f jcif ; \ &if a oG ; rsm;[l í vnf ; aumif ; pmrsufESm 38 odkY

DHAMMA DEW

"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

udavomjrL tnpftaMu;uif;pifaom w&m;rsufpd The flawless, taintless eye of wisdom [H o m0wD - OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if

à wefaqmifrkef;v ]om&'} tcg wdrfom;uif;pifí jrihfaomrd;k aumif;uifü a&S;½Iwufaom aerif;onf? aumif;uif &S d trd k u f w d k u f t m;vH k ; ud k zsuf q D ; í xG e f ; vif ; awmuf y wih f w ,f o uJ h o d k Y ? þtwl o mvQif . .. In the autumn 'Sa-rada' season when the sky is clear and the clouds have fled, the sun leaping up into the firmament drives away all darkness from the heavens and shines and burns and flashes forth,– even so..

Autumn 'Sa-rada' Sutta

o&'okwf &[ef;wd?Yk wefaqmifrek ;f v ]om&'} tcg wdro f m;uif;pif í jrih f a omrd k ; aumif ; uif ü a&S ; ½I w uf v maom aerif ; onf ? aumif;uif&Sd trdkufwkduftm;vHk;udk zsufqD;í xGef;vif;awmufy wihfw,fouJhodkY? &[ef;wdkY- þtwlomvQif t&d,mom0utm;? udavomjrLtnpftaMu;uif;aom w&m;rsufpd ]]aomwmywåd r*fÓPf}} onf jzpfay:vm\/ &[ef ; wd k Y ? aomwmywå d r *f Ó Pf t jrif j zpf a y:onf E S i h f wNydKifeuf? t&d,mom0utm; ouúm,'d|d? 0dpdudpäm? oDvAÁw y&m rmo oHk;0aom ]oHa,mZOf aESmifBudK;} wdkYonf aysmufukef\/ xdkrSaemufü rufarmjcif; ]tbdZÑm}? ysufpD;apvdkjcif; ]Asmyg'} w&m;ESpfrsdK;wdkYrS vGwfajrmuf\/ xdkyk*¾dKvfonf umrwdkY rS uif;qdwfíomvQif? tukodkvfw&m;wdkYrS uif;qdwfíomvQif? BuHpnfjcif; ]0dwuf}? oHk;oyfjcif; ]0dpm&} ESihfwuGaom? qdwfNidrf jcif;aMumifhjzpfaom? ESpfodrfhjcif; ]yDw}d ? csrf;omjcif; ]okc} wdkY&Sd aom yXrpsmefodkY a&mufíae\/ &[ef ; wd k Y ? xd k t cgü t&d , mom0uonf tu,f í aojim;tHh/ xdkom0utm; vlYjynfodkY wzefjyefvmapEdkifaom? ,if;,SOfpyfrIrS ]oHa,mZOfaESmifBudK;} r&SdawmhNyD[k jrwfpGmbk&m; &Sif rdefYawmfrlonf/ (q|oH*g,emwif yd#uwfawmf? t*Fkwå&edum,f0if okwåefyd#ut*Fkw¬dK&fygVdawmf? wduedygwf? avPuyv’0*f? o&'

Just so, monks: In the autumn 'Sa-rada' season when the sky is clear and the clouds have fled, the sun leaping up into the firmament drives away all darkness from the heavens and shines and burns and flashes forth,– even so in the Ariyan disciple arises the flawless, taintless eye of wisdom, and along with this arising three fetters are abandoned, to wit: The view of the person- pack, doubt- and- wavering and wrong handling of rite and ritual. Nay more, he departs from two things, coveting and malevolence. The disciple, aloof from sensual desires, aloof from unprofitable state, entering on the first musing, which is accompanied by thought directed and sustained, born of seculsion, zestful and easeful, dwells therein. At such time, monks, If the Ariyan disciple should make an end, there is no fetter bound by which he would come bake again to this world. (complete translation of the Anguttara- Nika-ya, Gradual Saying, The Book of There, Chapter X, A Grain of Salt wagga, Sa-rada Sutta.) Hanthawaddy- U Ohn Kyaing.

okwfudk azmfjyygonf) [H o m0wD OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

twuftusqkdwm okw(a&ToHvGif)

vlYb0[lonfh cE¨mtpkta0;BuD; ukd &&Sdykdifqkdifxm;Muaom a,musmf;? rdef;r rsm;pG m wk d Y o nf uH M ur® m avta0S U rS m avmu"HvIdif;ESihf awGUMu&aomtcg pkefcsD qefcsD tvDvDESihf twuftus &ifwrr jzpfum wpfb0 wpfcP &SifoefaeMu& onf / O'[k d r sm;jym; ol i gtrsm;onf edrchf sw D pfcg omcsw D pfvn S Efh iS fh a<uwpfvn S fh Muufwpfckefyrm uHaumif;uHqkd; xkdESpfrsKd; wdkY\ pnf;0g;oHpOf ywf0ef;usifwGif zaemifh <uvkduf? acgif;armhvkduf? 'l;acgif;axmuf vkduf? acgif;ikdufpkduf jzpfaeMu&onfukd txift&Sm; jrifuGif;rsm;u yDyDoo jrifae Mu&onf / oH o &mavmutwG i f ; rS vl r sm; tzkYd a&SmifvrJT & jzpfaeMu&aom taMumif; w&m;&S p f y g;&S d a yonf / vmbf r sm;jcif ; ? vmbfenf;jcif;? tNcHt&Hrsm;jcif;? tNcH t&H e nf ; jcif ; ? csD ; rG r f ; cH & jcif ; ? uJ h & J U cH & jcif ; ES i h f csrf ; omjcif ; ? qif ; &J j cif ; wk d Y y if jzpf o nf / vlwpfa,muf\ b0wpfavQmuf wG i f arG ; onf r S aoonf t xd yif u k d , f yuwd ajymif ; vJ j cif ; r&S d a omt&m[l í r&Sday/ pD;yGm;Opöm"e? rdbnDtukdarmifESr? rd w f a qG taygif ; toif ; ? avmuvl r I

quf q H a &;ES i h f uk d , f p d w f E S p f y g; &yf w nf aexkdifEkdifa&; wdkYonf ,cifESihf,ck? ,ckrS aemiftpOftNrJrckdifNrJbJ ajymif;vJaeMu onf / jzpfysufwwfaom avmutwGif; ü ajymif;vJjcif;[laom rckdifNrJrIwdkYuom xm0& &S i f o ef c k d i f r maeMuonf / jzpf r I ysufrI tpkpkESihf qkd;aumif;rsm;pGm ajymif;vJ um cHaeMu&jcif;rsm;onf 'Db0twGufudk twdwfu pD&ifcsuf csrSwfcJhMuNyD; aemuf b0twG u f u d k 'D b 0rS m BuKd ; pm;½k e f ; uef ykHazmfaeMuonf/ 'DaeYtwGufc&D;ukd raeYu vrf;aMumif;ay:rS tpjyKjzwfoef;cJhMuNyD; reufzefa&mufzkdYukd 'DuaeYrS BuKdwifc&D;ESif ae&ayOD;rnf/ þuJ h o k d Y tusKd ; taMumif ; quf oG,f oHo&mc&D;vrf;0,f jzwfoef;avQmuf vSrf;Mu&mü atmifjrifawmh aysmfwNyKH;NyKH;? ½IH;edrhfawmh 0rf;enf;vdkYrqkH;EkdifbJ &SdMuonf/ uk, d u f tjrihaf &mufaomtcg olu Y dk rjrif bJ olu txufa&mufaomtcgrSmvnf; ukd,hfudkrawGUbJ jzpfwwfonf/ vlwdkY\ rsufpdtjrifrSm rmefrmeawG0ifum twuf c&D;rSm txufp;D u ]]eif;}} Ny;D oGm;wwfMu ovk d tusrS m awmh ]]trav;}} wum ]]twuftus xkdcP}} \ tajymif;tvJ umvwGif wlESihfay urÇmraMupdwfxm;rsm;

ESihf a&SUqufum c&D;oGm;aeMuOD;rnfqkdvQif at;csrf; nDnm þurÇm qkdaom tokH; tEI H ; pum;vk H ; uk d pd w f u l ; ,Of t awG ; ES i h f rSwfwrf;av;a&;xm;½kHom &Sdygawmhrnf/ þae&mwGif atmifjrifrItwGuf rmefrmewufí &nf&G,fcsufysufcJh&aom taMumif;om"uwpfckukd jrwfAk'¨rS {u edygwf? edpöZmwfwGif today;a[mawmfrl cJhygonf/ urÇmOD;acwfumvü tajcav; acsmif;&Sad om owå0gwdw Yk iG f jcaohF? a&xJrS ig;rsm;wGif tmeE´mig;BuD;ESihf aumif;uif,H wpfvTm; ysHumoGm;aeMuaom iSuftaygif; wGif a&T[oFmiSufukd acgif;aqmif (rif;) tjzpf wifajr§mufxm;Muonf/ a&T[oFm iSufrif;wGif orD;ysKd [oFmiSufrav;wpf aumif&SdNyD; tawmiftvufpkHvif t&G,f a&muf c sd e f w G i f Muif a zmf a &G ; cs,f r I u d k pdwfBuKdufvGwfvyfpGm a&G;cs,fcGihfay;av onf / xk d t cg [d r 0EÅ m twG i f ; rS iS u f taygif;tm; today;aMunmum ausmuf zsmBu;D wpfcak y:wGif pkpnf;ae&m,laponf/ [oFmysKrd av;onf a&muf&v dS mMuukeaf om iS u f t aygif ; rsm;pG m twG i f ; rS vnf w k d i f u ywåjrm;tqif;ESihfwlNyD; tarG;tawmifrsm; u tuGuftuGufxNyD; vGefpGmvSyaom

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/

Oa'gif;zkdwpfaumifukd Muifazmftjzpf a&G; cs,f v k d u f a vonf / (owå 0 gtrsm;pk o nf tqif;? toH? teHY? t&omESihf txdtawGU aumif;rsm;ukdom ESpfoufom,mMuonf/ þodkY [oFmysKdrav;rS Oa'gif;zdk ukd Muif z uf t jzpf a&G ; cs,f v k d u f o nf u k d pk a 0;a&muf & S d v maom iS u f r sKd ; pk H t aygif ; rS trsm;Mum;wG i f xl ; xl ; jcm;jcm;a&G ; cs,f c H & onfukd csD;usL;pum;ESihf *kPfjyKrIrsm; jyKvkyf Muawmhonf/ Oa'gif;zkdrSm trsm;tv,f wGif rdrdukd [oFmrav;rS a&G;cs,fvkdufonhf tjyif usef & S d a eaom iS u f t aygif ; rsm;pG m uyg 0k d i f ; 0ef ; csD ; usL;aeonf u k d wpf N yKd i f w nf ; pkNyKHcpm;vkduf&aomtcg pdwfwGif;ü tvGef trif ; 0rf ; ajrmuf w uf < urI w d k Y jzpf a y:vm awmhonf/ xk d c Pn trS w f w rJ h owd v uf vG w f E S i h f b0if j rih f a rmuf rmew&m;rsm; 0ifa&mufvmum trsKd;pkHaomiSuftkyfBuD;\ tv,f w G i f wG e f u sL;atmf j rnf í tNrD ; tawmif r sm;ud k jzef Y u m;vsuf urnh f [ ef jyifvkduf\/ ,if;odkYaom taetxm;rsm; ukd a&muf & S d a eaom iS u f t aygif ; ES i h f t wl a&T[oFmiSufrif;onf ykdrkdí tm½kHjyK Munhf½I aeonf/ Oa'gif;zdkonf tarG;tawmifrsm; uk d jzef Y u m;í tNrD ; uk d aumh a xmif v suf Oa'gif ; iS u f w d k Y \ uenf ; twk d i f ; vS n h f u m ywfum ujyavawmhonf/ xkdtcg rjrif tyfaom? zkH;uG,fxm;oifhonhf t*Fgtpdwf tydik ;f rsm;ukd azmfjyNy;D om; jzpfíaeawmh onf/ xkdYaMumifh a&T[oFmrif;u Oa'gif; zkdav;tm; ]]tcsif; Oa'gif;? oihfwGefoH[m tvGefESpfoufom,mzG,faumif;vSygw,f/ oihf&JUtarG;tawmifwdkY[m tqef;wMu,f vS y vG e f ; ygw,f / vnf q H w d k Y [ mvnf ; aMumif r suf & G J t qif ; ES i h f wl y gayw,f / tNrD;qHwdkY[mvnf; &Snfvsm;oG,fvs tvGef vS y Muygw,f / od k Y a omf y&d o wf r sm;pG m tv,fwiG f rzG,rf &m? roihaf wmfaomtrI ukd jyKcJ h \ / þod k Y t&S u f w &m; taMumuf w&m;uif ; rJ h o l t m; ig\orD ; ES i h f ray;pm; Ekdifyg}} [kqkdí a&G;cs,fxm;rIukd zsufodrf;NyD; ol\wlawmfarmif [oFmysKdav;wpfaumif ESihf orD;awmfukd vufxyfay;vdkufav awmhonf/ Oa'gif ; zk d r S m yef ; r0if c if wuf axmif r d N yD ; jrif ; aumif ; cG m vd y f j zpf u m rS e f ;

csufESihf ESrf;xGufrukdufbJ trsm;y&dowf BuD ; \a&S U arS m uf w G i f t&S u f w uG J tusKd;enf; jzpfoGm;&awmhonf/ xkdcP rSmyif cJav orQ oJa&usjzpfcJh&onhf twGuf vGepf mG &Su&f UHG jcif;? pdwrf aumif; jcif;rsm;pGmESihf acgif;raxmif&J? rsufESmrjy 0H h a wmh b J ta0;od k Y ysH x G u f o G m ;av awmhonf/ vlESihf vlYywf0ef;usifwGif vkdcsif wmwpfckESihf ay;aewmwpfck wlnDrI&Sdyg onf/ xkdt&mrSm ]]rsufESmjrif? cspfcifNyD; toHMum; oem;ygap}} qkdaom qk,l qkay; av;yJjzpfygonf/ avmuwGif ]]tqif;ESihftcsif;}} [l a om uG J v G J r I * k P f E S p f r sKd ; &S d y gonf / txufyg rsufESmjrif cspfcif? toHMum; oem;[laom*kPfrSm tqif;*kPfjzpfyg onf/ tqif;*kPfESihf rnfrQyif jynhfpkHyg aomf v nf ; tcsif ; [k a c:onh f t&nf tcsif ; *k P f csKd U ,G i f ; tm;enf ; aeygu aumuf½;dk rD;yrm wpfcPom [efjyp&myJ jzpfygawmhrnf/ t&nftcsif;[lonf ukd,fusihf oDv pm&dwEå iS fh [D&Md owåyÜ [kac:aom raumif;rI'kp½kdufudpörsm;ukd EIwfjzifhaomf vnf;aumif;? ukd,fjzihfaomfvnf;aumif; vGeu f sL;zk&Yd eftwGuf &Su&f UHG jcif;? aMumuf vefY jcif; todw&m;rsm; xm;&Sdjcif;yifjzpf onf / vl o nf 'k u © a 0a0 oH a 0&& qkdonhftwkdif; tqifrajyvQif oHa0* tjrif jrif E k d i f y gao;onf / uk o d k v f u H axmufí tusKd;ay;csdefa&mufNyDqkdrSjzihf b0ukd b0ifESihf a&mpyfum tvkdqE´ jynhf0jcif;avmbu ESpfoufvkdYom,mNyD; ol r sm;tay: acgif ; wpf v k H ; ausmf v m onfESihf rmeu ajr§mufyifhvdkY axmifvTm; um igvdkvl ZrÁLrSml&Sd&JUvm;[k rkd;rjrif avrjrif pdwfBuD; 0ifawmhonf/ uk, d u f siw fh &m;raumif;ol? [D&d MowåyÜw&m;enf;olwdkYonf ukodkvfuH tusKd ; wpf a &;Ek d ; vmcsd e f w G i f vk d c sif awmif;w xifwkdif;&vmaomtcg ajcr uaoG ; em;xif o d k Y wuf a jy;avawmh onf / xk d t cg twuf r S m rmef < uo avmuf tusrS m vl w um atmuf a&mufzdkYom&Sdawmhonf/

tedrfhtjrihf? twuftus obm 0\ avmu"H"avh rkefwkdif;ESihf awGUaomf vnf; todw&m;ESihf owdxm;EkdifzdkY vdkyg onf/ vlwumu 0kdif;tkHajr§mufyifh aom tcg ajr§mufwkdif; vnf; rajr§mufbJ pkaygif; wkdifyif tuGufqifí ajcmufvSefYjyefvQif vnf ; ajcmuf w k d i f ; vnf ; raMumuf z d k Y cHEkdif&nf &Sd&ygrnf/ xkdYaMumihf vlonf ykHaoum;csyf wpf o rwf w nf ; &S d r aeEk d i f o nh f t wG u f twufrSm owd&SdzkdYvkdovkd tusrSm t&ef oihjf zpfzv Ydk ydk gonf/ ]]twuftus xkcd P}} rSm vku d af vsmnDaxG usiw fh wf apzkYd &Sirf [m &|om&)\ tqk;H trukd trSww f & xkwjf y vkdufygonf/ Ä ol Y u k d rrS m ;? rvS n h f p m;ES i h f ? pum; pjrnf? `rGufonfpp? ajymorQukd? rSefvS ap/ Ä ol\pD;yGm;? ihgpD;yGm;ukd? axmufxm;r dap? BuD;avmbukd rQwap/ Ä rarTraESmuf? raumufruspf? rvdrf vpf bJ ? rpOf ; vJ E S i h f ? pd w f x J a jzmih f a p? ol Y t usih f ud k v nf ; od w wf a p/ Ä [kwfaomtBuH? rSefaomtusihf? oifh aomt,l? jzLaomESvkH;? olawmfxkH;ukd? pG J o k H ; aomaxG rS e f v S a p/ / qif ; &J c srf ; om owå 0 gtaygif ; aumif ; usKd ; vk d & mqE´ jynf h 0 ygap/ ok w (a&T o H v G i f )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

vlwkdif;awmihfw ½kyfqif;½ly

,cif t ywf r S t quf ½kyf&nfvSy upöm,e Ak ' ¨ b k & m;&S i f \ wynh f o m0u ½kyftqif;vSyrIESihf ywfoufívnf;aumif;? ½kycf E¨muse;f rmrIEiS hf ywfoufívnf;aumif;? pHwifxm;&aom ax&m? ax&Drsm; &SdMuyg d rf sm;onf trsK;d jrwfí ½kyt f qif; onf/ xkyd *k K¾ v vSMuonf r[kwfovkd jyKjyifívnf; vSMu onf r [k w f y g/ twd w f b 0u jyKcJ h a om aumif;rIESihf awmif;qkwdkYaMumihf ½kyftqif; vS M uonf u d k awG U &ygonf / xk d t xJ w G i f t&Siu f pön;f rax&fonf ½kyt f qif;vSyrIwiG f pH j yK&aom yk * ¾ K d v f j zpf y gonf / aoma&,s olaX;om;onf rax&f\½kyt f qif;udjk rif&í rdrrd ,m;jzpfvQif aumif;rSmyJ[k jypfrmS ;rdcí hJ a,musfm;b0rS rdef;rb0 ajymif;cJh&onf/ þrQ ½ky&f nftqif;vSyaom rax&fjzpfonf/ xkdr[mupönf;rax&fonf OaZÆedjynf0,f yka&m[dwfom;jzpfcJhonf/ xkdom;ukd trnf rSnafh omaeY0,f]]ig\om;onf a&T a &mif t qif ; 0g0if;aomuk, d &f v dS suf rdro d nfyif rdr\ d trnf ukd rSnafh c:,liifvmoljzpfonf}} [k zcifu ajymqkdNyD; tvÍöe owdkYom;[k trnfay;cH chJ&onf/ xkdtrsKd;om;onf y'krkwå&bk&m;

vufxufü ol<u,frsK;d üjzpfNy;D bk&m;&Six f üH w&m;emNy;D aomtcg bk&m;&Siu f &[ef;wpfyg; ukd]]tusO;f a[mtyfaom w&m;pum; f m;jzihf a0zef \ teuft"dygÜ ,fudk tus,t cGJjcm; pdwfjzma[mMum;wwfaom &[ef;wdkY wGif tomqk;H tjrwfq;Hk wnf;[laom {w'*f xm;awmfro l nfujkd rifí xk&d [ef;&aom qkukd &,lvkdaompdwfjzpfay:vmcJhonf}} xkaYd Mumihf bk&m;trSL;&Sad om oHCm awmfrsm;ukd (7)&ufywfvkH; tvSLBuD;ay;NyD; xkq d u k dk awmif;cJo h nf/ uóybk & m;&S i f v uf x uf w G i f Am&mPoD j ynf ü trsKd ; aumif ; td r f ü jzpf í uóybk&m;&Sif y&dedAÁmefjyKaomf a&TapwD wnfaqmuf&mt&yfodkY oGm;NyD;vQif tzkd; wpfodef;xkdufaom a&Ttkwfjzihf ylaZmfonf/ xkdYaemuf- bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m; jzpfav&m bkHXmeü wynhfawmf\ukd,fonf a&Ttqif;&Syd gapownf; [k qkawmif;cJo h nf/ þaumif;rIESihf qkawmif;aMumihf þb00,f a&Ttqif;&Sdaom cE¨mukd,fudk &cJhavonf/ temuif;y &SifAmukv tvm;wlyif t&SifAmukvrax&f jrwfonf touf(80)&Sncf NhJ y;D wpfcgwpf&rH Q rd r d c E¨ m ü tema&m*g[l í ray:cJ h a cs/ acsqwfrrI Qyif rjzpfc[ Jh k qkyd gonf/ t&S i f A muk v onf wpf o acsF E S i h f urÇmwpfodef;xufü yGihfaom taemrm'oD bk&m; yGihfawmfrrlrD a&S;OD;uyif ykPÖm;rsKd;ü jzpfcJhí ykPÖm;wdkYwwftyfaom aA'iftwwf onf tESprf &S[ d q k Ndk y;D &aoh0wfaecJo h nf/ taemr'óDbk&m; yGihfaomtcg bk&m;zl;&efvmpOf taemrm'óDbk&m; 0rf; avemjzpf o nf u d k od & S d í aq;azmf p yf u m aq;vSLuyfco hJ nf/ bk&m;&Siu f kd aq;jzihf a&m*g aysmuf u if ; apaomtcg &S i f A muk v &aoh onf ]]jrwfpGmbk&m; wynhfawmf\aq;jzihf bk&m;&Sif usef;rmawmfrljcif;onf jzpfcJhNyD; xkdaumif;rI\ tusKd;qufaMumihf jzpfav&m oHo&mb00,f wynhaf wmf\ uk, d cf E¨m0,f

EGm;EkdYwpfBudrfn§pfumvrQvnf; tema&m*g rjzpfapom;}} [k qkawmif;pum; avQmuf xm;cJhonf/ y'krkwå& bk&m;&SifvufxufwGif vnf; [Hom0wDü trsK;d aumif;om;jzpfco hJ nf/ bk&m;&Sifu &[ef;wpfyg;ukd temuif;aom t&mü tomqk;H {w'*fxm;onfudk awGU&í xkdqkawmif;cJhonf/ 0dyóDbk&m;ryGihfcif AE¨KrwDNrKdUü ykPmÖ ;rsK;d jzpfjyefí &aohjyKjyefonf/ bk&m;&Sif yGihfvmaomtcg bk&m;&Sifudkzl;NyD; &aohb0 jzihyf if qufvufaecJo h nf/ wpfaeYwiG f [dr0EÅm0,f tqdyyf if rsm; yGifhMuojzihf xkdtqdyfyif? tqdyfyGihfwdkY wku d cf wfvmaomavtawGUaMumifh bk&m;ESifh t*¾ o m0uES p f y g;rS w pf y g; usef & [ef ; rsm; jyif;pGmaom OD;acgif;ema&m*g pGu J yfc&hJ onf/ &aohonf xkdtaMumif;udkodí aq;udkpD&if um &[ef;rsm;ukd vSL'gef;cJo h nf/ xkad q;vSLpOf rSmyif &[ef;rsm; a&m*gaysmufco hJ nf/ uóybk&m;&Sifvufxuf Am&m PoDjynf0,f trsKd;aumif;om; jzpfvmjyef onf/ rdrdtdrfaqmuf&ef awmodkY wynfh vufom;rsm;ESihf opfckwfoGm;pOf vrf;c&D;ü ausmif;wkduftkdBuD;wpfwkduf awGUjrif&í rdrd tdraf qmufvyk rf u I dk cP&yfxm;Ny;D ]]ig\twGuf tdro f pfaqmuf&eftrI &Sad pOD;? ihgtdro f nf igESit fh wlwuG oHo&m wpfavQmuf vkdufygvdrfhrnfr[kwf/ wpfpkH wpf&mtrIudk jyKvkyfvQif ukd,fESifh xyfMuyf ruGm oHo&mwpfavQmuf vdu k yf grnhf aumif;rI uko d mvQif tvsiv f ufO;D jyKoih\ f }} [k BupH nf Ny;D vQif xkv d uform;wynhw f u Ydk ydk if opfrsm;ukd ckwf,lapNyD; xkdausmif;wkduftkdBuD;\ Oykof tdrt f opf? qGr;f pm;ausmif;topf? rD;wif;ukwf topf? pBuFeftopf? acR;atmif;½kHtopf? uyÜd,uk#Dtopf? 0pöuk#Dtopf? tma&m*s vmb (aq;ukaqmif) topfwu Ykd kd aqmufvyk f um oHCmrsm;ukd vSLcJo h nf/ &[ef;rsm; ok;H aqmifEidk af om pm;aq;? aomufaq; paom aq;trsK;d rsK;d wdu Yk v kd nf; vSL'gef;cJo h nf/ þaumif;rI awmif;qkrsm;aMumifh

DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES "r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mjzLpifjrihfjrwfrI 0de,udkaqmifEkdifMu&efjzpfonf/ þa*gwrbk&m;vufxuf0,f i,fpOfu ig;rsKd cH&aomfvnf; raobJ olaX;(2) OD; arG;pm; cJ&h onf/ a&m*guif;í vSyaom um,tqif; ESifh jynhpf cHk &Jh onf/ rax&fww Ykd iG f þuJo h Ykd ½ky&f nftqif; vSyjcif;? ½kyf&nfcE¨m usef;rmjcif;? xl;jcm; aom ½kyfcE¨m&Sifrsm;&Sdovdk ax&Dr rsm;wGif vnf; ½kyt f qif;? ½kycf E¨m vSyMuí pHwifxm; &aom trsK;d orD;rsm; ay:xGe;f cJyh gonf/ xkt d rsK;d orD;rsm;wGif ½ky&f nftqif; xl;jcm;aom trsK;d orD;rsm;rSm acrmrdz&k m;ESifh OyÜv0Pf trsK;d orD;wdYk jzpfMuygonf/ xkt d rsK;d orD;wd\ Yk aumif;rIEiS fh awmif;qkrsm;onfvnf; twk,pl &m rSwo f m;zG,&f m aumif;vSygonf/ aemufq;Hk b0wGif cE¨mZmwford ;f edAmÁ efeef;odYk 0if M uonf r S m vnf ; tm;usp&maumif ; vS ygonf/ tvS r mef , pf acrmrd z k & m;cspf acrmtrsKd;orD;onf om*vNrKdUü r'´&mZfrif;\orD;jzpfnf/ t&G,fa&mufaomf AdrdÁom&rif;BuD;\ rdzk&m;BuD;jzpfvmonf/ acrmrdzk&m;onf ½kyf&nftqif; vSyvGef;í tvSrmef,pfcJholjzpfonf/ xko d Ykd ½ky&f nftqif;vSyaom acrm rdzk&m;onf AdrÁdom&rif;BuD;\ y&d,m,fjzihf bk&m;&Six f H a&mufcNhJ y;D w&m;awmfemNy;D aemuf acrmax&Drnfaom &[EÅmr jzpfcJh&onf/ xk d a crmax&D r \ twd w f b 0u jyKcahJ omaumif;rIEiS fh aumif;qkrsm;onfum; y'k r k w å b k & m;&S i f v uf x uf 0 ,f [Hom0wDü olaX;orD;jzpfcJhonf/ bk&m;&Sif xH w&m;emNyD ; aemuf oH & P*k H w nf o l Oygodumrjzpfco Jh nf/ rdbxH cGiyfh efí bk&m; trSL;&Sad om oHCmawmfrsm;ukd ckepf&uf? ckepf vD qGr;f vkyaf uR;cJNh y;D ynm{w'*fqu k dk yefchJ onf/ b0rsm;pGmü ewfb&k m;? pMu0aw; rif;? rdz&k m;Bu;D jzpfc&hJ onf/ 0dyóDb&k m;&Sif yGihfaomtcg bk&m;&SifxHü bdu©LeDr vkyfNyD; ESpfaygif;wpfaomif;Mum jrwfaomtusihfukd usih f o jzih f ur® | mef ; tvk y f t m;xk w f o l ? A[k o k w jynh f 0 ol ? y#d p ö o rk y Ü g 'f w &m;ü uRrf;usifvdr®mol? opömav;yg;ü &J&ihfol? odraf rGUpGm w&m;ta[mawmfol jzpfco hJ nf/ xkdrS pkawaomf wkodwmewfjynfü Y ufuaJ om ynm? oDv? abm*? jzpfc&hJ Ny;D olx Opöm vdrrf maom ta`ct G &H&o dS l jzpfc&hJ onf/ b'´urÇmüyGiafh om aumP*kb H &k m; &Sifvufxuf0,f Am&mPoDjynfü olaX;

trsKd;orD;jzpfNyD; "eÍötrsKd;orD;? okar"m trsK;d orD;wdEYk iS t fh wl 'gejyKNy;D (3)a,mufaygif; um oHCmt&mrfü ausmif;BuD;aqmufvkyf vSL'gef;cJhonf/ uóybk & m;&S i f vuf x uf 0 ,f umodwkdif; Am&mPoDjynf uduDrif;BuD;\ orD;awmf(7)a,mufwiG f orPDtrnf&adS om rif ; orD ; jzpf c J h o nf / t&G , f a &muf a omf bduL© eDr jyKvyk cf iG afh wmif;aomfvnf; zcifu cGirfh ay;ojzihf tysKBd u;D b0jzihf uóybk&m; &Sifukd toufxufqkH; ypönf;av;yg;wdkYjzihf jyKpkvkyfauR;cJhonf/ þodaYk om ukov dk u f H tusK;d quf wdaYk Muifh vlcsr;f om? ewfcsr;f omtrsK;d rsK;d cHpm; &Ny;D aemufq;Hk b0wGif ½ky&f nftqif; tvGef vSyaom acrmrdzk&m;b0rS &[EÅmax&Dr jzpfcJh&onf/ ynmt&müvnf; {w'*f&chJ onf/ MumnKdqif;vS OyÜv0Pfax&Dr OyÜv0Pfonf om0w¦jd ynf olaX; rsK;d ½k;d üjzpfonf/ olaX;orD;\ uk, d af &tqif; onfum; MumnKyd ef;wdu k Ef iS w hf o l nf/ t&G,f a&mufaomf ZrÁL'dyu f Re;f &Sd rif;rsm;? olaX;rsm;u vufxufciG afh wmif;cHc&hJ onf/ OyÜv0Pfonf omoemabmif0ifum bduL© eDrjyKco hJ nf/ xkdOyÜv0Pfax&Dronf y'krkwå& bk&m;&Siv f ufxufü [Hom0wDü olaX;orD; jzpfcJhonf/ bk&m;&SifxH w&m;em&NyD; bk&m; &Siu f bduK© erD wpfO;D ukd wefc;dk Bu;D aomt&mü tomqkH; {w'*fxm;onfukd awGUjrif&NyD; rdrdvnf; xkdqkudk &,lvkdaomqE´jzpfay:cJh onf/ ckepf&ufywfvkH; bk&m;trSL;&Sdaom oHCmawmfrsm;ukd r[m'geBu;D ay;vSLcJo h nf/ aemufq;Hk aeYwiG f bk&m;ajcawmf&if;ü MumnKd yef;pnf; (7)pnf;ukd csxm;ylaZmfum xkq d u k kd awmif;cJhonf/ xkdrS wm0wd HomewfjynfüjzpfNyD; wpf z ef vl j yef j zpf a omtcg yapö u Ak ' ¨ g uk d Mumyef;ESiw fh uG qGr;f tvSLudk vSLcJjh yefonf/ 0dyóDbk&m;vufxuf0,f Am&m PoDjynfü olaX;orD;jzpfjyefNyD; bk&m;trSL; &Sad om oHCmawmfrsm;ukd r[m'geBu;D ay;vSL cJNh y;D 0dyóDb&k m;udk Mumyef;jzihf ylaZmfvLS 'gef;cJh onf/ ½kyt f qif; vSywihw f ,fjcif;twGuv f nf; qkawmif;cJhonf/ b'´urÇm0,f uóbk&m;&Sifvuf xuf udurD if;Bu;D \ 'kw, d orD; orP*kwå rif;orD;jzpfvmonf/ ESpaf ygif;ESpaf omif;Mum

atmifxd aumrm&D jA[®p&d, (tysKpd ifb0jzihf jA[®p&d,odu©myk'fapmihfxdef;jcif;) tusihfukd usihfcJhNyD; &[ef;oHCmrsm;ukd ausmif;y&0kPf f LS 'gef;cJo h nf/ aqmuf vkyv xkdrS ewfjynfa&mufNyD; ewfjynfrS wpfzef vlYjynfjyefa&mufaomf uóybk&m; &Si\ f wynho f m0u &[EÅmwpfyg;ukd a&Ta&mif tqif;acsmarGUaom yef;0wfyq k ;dk ukd vSL'gef; cJhNyD; ½kyf&nftqif; vSyNyD; jrifolai;aom tvSjzpf&ygvkd\vdkY qkawmif;cJhonf/ xkrd w S pfzef oD0w d ikd ;f t&d|yl&jynfü ½kyf&nftqif; tvGefwifhw,faom Or®m'EÅD trnfjzihf wd&#d 0pä ok0PÖoal X;orD;jzpfvm cJh&onf/ Or®m'EÅDb0rS pkawaomf &Gmi,f wpfcük v,form;orD;jzpf&jyefonf/ wpfaeY v,fvyk w f o J mG ;pOf a&tkid üf y'krmMumyef;ukd awGUí yef;ESihfMum&Gufukd cl;cJhonf/ v,fwJ ta&mufwiG f oav;ESu H dk &dwjf zwfNy;D ayguf aygufwu Ykd dk avSmo f nf/ aygufaygufyiG fh (500) ukd a&wGuaf eonf/ xk d t csd e f w G i f yapö u Ak ' ¨ g wpf y g; <uvmí aygufaygufwdkYukd y'kr®mMumyef;ESihf wuG vSLonf/ y'kr®mMumyef;jzihf oydwfukd zk;H tkyu f m vSL'gef;onf/ xk d r S pk a waomf ewf j ynf ü jzpf & onf/ ewfjynfü ajcvSr;f wkid ;f y'krm® Mumyef; onf ajrrSxum ajcatmufü cHvm&onf/ xkdrSpkawaomf y'kr®mMumtdkif0,f y'krm® Mumü oHao'Zy#doaE¨ ,lonf/ w&m; tm;xkwaf eaom &aohuawGUNy;D &aohqw G cf ;l arG;í vljzpfvm&onf/ ajy;vTm;oGm;Ekid af om t&G,w f iG f ajcvSr;f wkid ;f ajcvSr;f wkid ;f y'krm® Mumyef;onf tqef;wMu,f ajrrS aygufum owdo Yk rD;i,f\ajcukd cHvm&onf/ owdo Yk rD; \ uk, d af &tqif;onfvnf; ukurk H tpktykH \ tqif;uJo h Ykd tvGev f Qif vSywihw f ,fonf/ vlru ewfrrD tvS&o dS jl zpfonf/ y'krm® Mum wkdufü &aomaMumihf y'kr0wD[lí trnf ay;cJo h nf/ xkYdaemuf rdzk&m;jzpfNyD; yapöuAk'¨g om;ukd arG;zGm;cJo h nf/ xk d r S p k a wí &mZN*Kd [ f N rKd U wH c g;0 &Gmi,fwpfckü vufvkyfvufpm; trsKd;tdrfü trsKd ; orD ; jzpf j yef o nf / aemif t csd e f 0 ,f tdraf xmifusí vifa,mufsm;tdrf vku d af e& onf/ wpfaeY vifa,musmf ;v,fvyk &f modYk xrif;ydkYpOf twdwfb0u om;awmfcJhaom pmrsufESm 13 odkY

- - THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON ANAPANA DIPANI

"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDq

a&;om;jyKpka

tmemy - - -

THE ANAPAN OR THE MANUAL OF MINDF by ,cif t ywf r S t quf

Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, TRANSLATED into English by U Sein Nyo

Purity of View in regard to Corporeal Phenomena 0d y óemvrf ; zG i f h e nf ; (ditthi-visuddhi in rupa) ,ck t cgü tpqH k ; aom *Pemcef ; rS ½k y f u d k t pjyKí r I shall now show how purity of view (ditthi 0dyóemvrf;zGihfenf;udk tusOf;rQjyqdkaytHh/ visuddhi) in corporeal phenomeana (rupa-dhamma) a&SUüjyqdkcJhNyD;onhftwdkif; *Pemcef;NyD;pD;onhfaemuf isachieved. tEkAE¨emcef;odkY wufcGihfqdkufaeaomtcg xdktEkAE¨emcef;odkY In the corporeal phenomena of out-breath and in breath, there are always present eight corporeal elements: rvkdufrlí ]]tedpömEkyóD tóodómrDwd odu©wd}} [laom earth (pathav1), water (a-po), fire (tejo), wind (va-yo), pwkw¬ pwkuút&- tedpö0dyóemcef;odkY wuf&m\/ colour (van.n.a), odour (dandha), taste (rasa), and nutri*Pemcef;ü Ny;D pD;aom cPdu orm"dukd Oypm& orm"d ment (oja-),. When sound is produced, it contains nine t&mü tNrJxm;&m\/ elements, the additional element being sound (sadda). xm;yHkum;Among all these elements, the basic elements are earth, water, fire, and wind. 0dyóemtvkyfudk vkyfaomolonf vljzpfcJhí waeYvHk;ç The earth element (pathav1-dha-tu) is the functional wnOfhvHk;rvkyfEdkif&Sdojzihf waeYç wnOfhtzdkY 24 em&D&SdonfwGif quality of hardness. In all corporeal phenomena there ex4 em&Dwefonf? 3 em&Dwefonf tcsed t f rSex f m;í tm;xkw&f rnf/ ists this basic quality of hardness. In those things in which tvkyfcGihfodkY 0ifwkdif;0ifwkdif; pdwf0dwufudk okwfoifjcif; the earth element predominates, the quality of hardness iSm a&SUOD;pGm tmemygeówd 0ifpm;&rnf/ pdw0f w d ufNird o f ufaom can be couched or felt, but not in such things as sunbeams and moonbeams. Its existence however, can be tcgrS 0dyóem reodum&udk tm;xkwf&rnf/ logically realized. for example, how can the water element 0dyóem reodum&xajrmufí r*fzdkvfodkYa&mufNyD;onhf bind if there is nothing solid to bind? How can the fire wkdifatmif xdktmemygeówdudk rvTwf&NyD/ zdkvfudk 0ifpm;aom element burn if there is nothing solid to burn? How can tcgüyif xdkowdudk Oypm&orm"dt&mü tNrJxm;&m\/ the wind element produce motion if there is nothing solid 0dyóemvrf;üto push? In the corporeal groups of the out-breath and in1/ 'd|d0dok'¨dç breach, the binding function that causes the grouping is 2/ ucFg0dw&P0dok'¨dç that of the water element. The heat and cold in the groups 3/ r*¾gr*¾ÓP'óe0dok'¨dç are caused by the fire element. Motion is caused by the 4/ y#dy'g ÓP 'óe0dok'¨dç wind element. In out-breath and in-breath, it is the wind 5/ ÓP 'óe 0do'k çd¨ element that predominates If one can appreciate the exist[lí 0dok'¨dtpOf or®m'd|d 0dZÆmÓPftjym; ig;yg;&Sd\/ ence of these four primary elements in out-breath and inbreath, then one can appreciate their existence in the whole xdkig;yg;wdkYwGif xGufoufç 0ifoufü 'd|d0dok'¨dtvkyfudk jyqdktHh/ body, and in pursuance of that appreciation, if one can "mwf B uD ; av;yg;xif & S m ;yH k penetrate and perceive their existence in out-breath and xdkxGufoufç 0ifoufü ajr"mwfç a&"mwfç rD;"mwfç av in-breath, then one can also penetrate and perceive them "mwfç tqif;"mwfç teH"Y mwfç &o"mwfç MoZm"mwf- [lí tNrJ in the whole body.

- - THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A NAPANA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf

q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

awmfrlaom

yge'D- yeD-

NA DIPANI R FULNESS OF BREATHING y

Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt. o Tun, Late of The Indian Civil Service. tm;jzihf ½kyf"mwf&Spfyg;&Sd\/ toHjzpfaomtcg o'´"mwfESifhwuG ½kyf"mwfudk;yg;jzpf\/ xkdwGif ajrç a&ç avç rD;[laom "mwfBuD; av;yg;onf vdk&if;y"mewnf;/ ajr"mwfqdkonfum;- cufrmrIBud,mwnf;/ cufrmrIqdk onfum; cyford ;f aom½kyf taqmuftOD[o l rQwüYkd trmcHrq I v kd kd onf/ xdktrmcHrIonf vGefuJí cufrmaomtjzpfodkYa&mufaom 0w¬KrsdK;wdkYü vufESihfprf;oyfxdyg;vQif rmonf[kodomxif&Sm;\/ aea&mif v a&mif ponf w d k Y ü uJ h o d k Y trmcH t aerQüwnf r I u m; prf;oyfír& odrfarGUvS\/ ,kwådtm;jzihfrlum; ÓPfü xif&Sm;yg\/ bG J U ap;rI [ l a oma&'mwf o nf trmcH 0 w¬ K r&S d c J h a omf tb,fudkbGJUrnfenf;/ ylavmifrI[laom rD;"mwfonf trmcHrD;pm r&SdcJhaomf tb,fudk pGJavmifrnfenf;/ rD;"mwf\t&Sdeft0Sefjzpfaom <u&GaxmufuefrI[laom av"mwfonf trmcHaxmuf&m uef&mr&Scd ahJ omf tb,foYdk <uEdik f &GEdkifygrnfenf;/ þum; ,kwådtm;jzihf ÓPfüxif&Sm;yHkwnf;/ ]]tómo yómoum,}} [k um,o'´gESiq hf &kd atmif tpkt½Hk;wckjzpfrIonf a&"mwfbGJUap;rIwnf;/ xGufoufç 0ifoufüyg&Sdaom ylrIat;rIonf rD;"mwf wnf;/ vIyfrI&Sm;rIonf av"mwfwnf;/ xGufoufç 0ifoufüum; av"mwfvGefuJ\/ þxGuf oufç 0ifoufü "mwfav;yg;&SdrI,kwådukd oabmusEdkifygvQif wud k , f v H k ; ü oabmusEk d i f a wmh o nf / oabmusonh f t wk d i f ; xGufoufç 0ifoufü "mwfav;yg;udk toD;toD;jrifEdkifygvQif wudk,fvHk;ü jrifEdkifawmhonf/ xGuo f ufç 0ifoufü cufrmrIç bGUJ ap;rIç ylaEG;rIç vIy&f rG I [laom Bud,mav;csufonfom y&rwåtm;jzihf xif&Sm;&Sd\/ toD; toD; xdkav;csufwdkYudk xdatmiftm½HkjyKaomÓPfonfom y&rw¬

In ultimate reality, there exist in the out-breath and in-breath only these four primary belements of earth, water, fire, and wind. It is when the eye of wisdom penetrates and perceives these primary elements that one can be said to perceive reality. If the perception does not penetrate far enough and fails to reach these four elements, but stops short at such things as the shape and form of the out-breaths and in-breaths, then one is still on the path of personality view (sakkaya-ditthi) according to which: "The beginning of the out-breath is at the navel. Its end is at the tip of the nose. It originates once at the beginning. It disappears once at the end. There is no reeated originattion and disappearance in the middle. Similarly for the inbreath." This is the belief that is firmly and deeply rooted in the minds of worldings (putthujjana.) One must rid oneself of this deep and firm root in the perception of one's body by ridding oneself of it in the out-braeths and in-breaths. The way to rid oneself of it is as follows: When the eye of wisdom penetrates to these four primary elements and the ultimate reality is perceived such things as shape and form in the out-breath and in-brfeath disappear, and every time one contemplates them, the deep and firm root of personality view disappears. One perceives that there is in reality no shape and form-no out-braeth and in-breath. One perceives that there exist only the four primary elements. Thus purity of view (ditthi-visuddhi) is achieved. It is the same with respect to the other parts of the body such as head-hairs, body-hairs etc. There exists on the one hand, the deeply rooted habitual perception of shape and form, such as "This is head-hair,." and on the other, there exists the four primary elements. When these four primary elements are penetrated and clearly perceived with wisdom in the head-hairs. The deeply rooted wrong perception of shape and form will disappear. it will be perceived that the head-hairs do not exist in reality. When it is

THE LEDI DHAMMA ON ANAPANA DIPANI

"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/

odkY qdkufaomÓPfrnf\/ ouú m ,'d | d j zpf y H k xd k a v;csuf u d k rod r l í t&S n f t wd k o P² m ef t aeES i h f xGufoufç 0ifouf[k odjrifrSwfom;rIonf ouúm,'d|dvrf;wnf;/ þ'd|dvrf;üum; xGufoufç 0ifouf\tponf csufwkdifwnf;/ tqHk;onf ESmoD;zsm;wnf;/ tpü wBudrfomjzpfrI&Sd\/ tqHk;ü wBudrfom ysufrI&Sd\/ tv,fürlum; tcgcgjzpfrIç tcgcgysufrI [lír&SdNyD/ 0ifoufüum; xdkenf;wl 0ifouf\tponf ESmoD;zsm; wnf;/ tqHk;onf csufwkdif&if;wnf;[líqdkav/ þum; ykxkZOfwdkY pdwfü t½dk;pdkufíaeaom 'd|drIwnf;/ (cyford ;f aomud, k t f pkwüYkd þuJo h aYkd om 'd|t d ½d;k pdu k Bf u;D toD;toD; &Sdaeonfudk tukefjrifajr§mfrdap/) xGufoufç 0ifoufü þ'd|dt½dk;pdkufBuD; aysmufuG,fav atmif xdkxGufoufç 0ifoufüyif okwfoif&m\/ ouú m ,'d | d o k w f o if y H k tb,fodkY okwfoif&moenf;[lrlum;- toD;toD; "mwf trIBuD;av;yg;udk ÓPfpdkufrdí y&rw¬"r® tjrifaygufaomtcgü t&SnftwdkoP²meftaeESihf xGufoufç 0ifouf[k odjrifxifrSwf íaeaom 'd|dt½dk;pdkufBuD;onf xdkÓPfudk0ifpm;í ½Ivdkufwkdif; ½I vdkufwkdif; uG,faysmufav\/ t&Snftwdk oP²mef[lír&Sd? xGufoufç 0ifouf[líyifr&Sd/ "mwftrIBuD; av;yg;onfom &Sd\ [k 'd|d0dok'¨dÓPf aygufav\/ xGufoufç 0ifoufrI <uif;aom qHyifç arG;n§if;tp&Sd aom wud, k v f ;kH rSmvnf; twdt k &Snt f p&Sad om j'AfoP²meftaeESifh þum;- qHyifwnf;ç þum;- arG;n§if;wnf; tp&Sdonfjzihf odjrif xifrSwfíaeMuaom 'd|dt½dk;pdkufBuD; toD;toD;&SdMu\/ "mwftrI BuD;av;yg;vnf; toD;toD;&SdMu\/ xdkqHyifç arG;n§if;tp&Sdaom wukd,fvHk;rSmvnf; "mwftrIBuD;av;yg; ÓPftjrifaygufonf&Sd aomf oP²meftoD;toD;ESihf qHyifç qHyif[k odjrifxifrSwfí aeaom 'd|dt½dk;pdkufBuD;onf xdkÓPfudk0ifpm;íaeorQumvywf vHk; uG,faysmufvwHh? qHyif[lí r&Sdrl xif&Sm;vwHh/ xdkodkYxif&Sm; aomtcg qHyifü 'd|d0dok'¨dÓPf aygufav\/ arG;n§if;paom wukd,fvHk;üvnf; 'd|dt½dk;pdkufBuD; toD;toD;&SdMuyHkç "mwftrIBuD; av;yg; toD;toD; tjrifaygufonf&Sdaomf 'd|d0dok'¨d toD;toD; jzpfyHkudk qHyifenf;wlodav/ ½k y f ü 'd | d 0 d o k ' ¨ d tpD t &if N yD ; \/ quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf thus seen, purity of view in the head-hairs is achieved. Proceed in the same way in the case of the other parts of the body such as body-hairs, etc. This ends purity of view regarding corporeal phenomeana. (To Be Continued)

23 rS t quf Ä wpfzef..... xdk vifcspf r,m;cspfarwåmrsKd;udk tzonf orD;tay:0,f rxm;Ekdifjcif;? orD;onfvnf; xdktztay: rxm;Ekdifjcif;? trdonf om;tay:0,f rxm;Ekdifjcif;? om;uvnf; Ä xdktrd tay:rxm;Ekdifjcif;/ armif o nf ES r tay: rxm;wwf j cif ; / ES r uvnf ; xdkarmiftay: rxm;wwfjcif;? ponfrsm;aMumihf xdkarwåmonf arwåmppf r[kwfacs/ rdbonf udk,fhom;orD;ay:arwåmxm;&mü bk & m;&S i f a0ae,stay:xm;aom arwå m pd w f E S i h f wef;wlomyif/ xdkarwåmrsKd;wdkYjzihf owå0gwdkYtay: vTrf;NcHKzHk;vTrf;ay;xm; Ekdifjcif;onf pifppf o&P*Hk "r®owdå\ tusKd;qufyifwnf; Ä (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) pmrsuf E S m 24 rS udk Ävnf;aumif;? tusdK;rJhjyKjim;tHh/ raumif;ojzihf xm;tyf aom pd w f q d k ; pd w f , k w f o nf rd r d u d k , f u d k xd k x uf t qrsm;pG m ,k wÄf r mapatmif jyKvk y f a v&m\/}} xdka'oemawmf\tqH;k ü vlrsm;pGmwdo Yk nf aomwmywåzd v kd f ponfwdkYodkY a&mufukef\/ vltaygif;tm; a'oemawmfonf tusdK;&Sdapav\/ Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;

&mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf &J&ifhwnfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0ukd&ifqkdifvsuf atmifjrifpGm jzwfoef;EkdifMuzkdY "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU/

TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA "r®0D&onf ax&0g' ]oeEÅ&}xGef;um;&efjzpfonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdk Y ü t&n0goDawm&yfrSDvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom

r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f a&;om;pD&ifawmfrlaom "ar®m0g'uxm

omoemawmfBuD; \ a&aomufjrpfoHk;oG,f (omoem jyKvkyfief;tydkif;) ,cif t ywf r S t quf ud k , f h p d w f u d k pd k ; yd k i f c sif o&P*H k t vsif y G m ; o&P*Hkwnftm;BuD; txl;aumif;rGefvmacsaomf rdrd pdwf,Ofaus;NyD; odrfarGUNyD; jzpf&um; rdrdpdwf rdrdtpdk;& ydkifqdkifcGihf &Sdvmacs\/ odkYaMumifh raemuHaomif;usef;rIab; uif;a0;ap\/ umr\ t&if;cHonf awG;awmBuHpnf&mrS pwif\/ xdk awG;awmBuHpnfrIudk raemuHurS vufcHum BuHpnf oH k ; oyf r ay;awmh v Qif aemuf v d k u f um,uH 0pD u H r sm;vnf ; aomif;usef;p&mvrf;p ray:vGifNyD/ udk,fEIwfESvHk; oHk;yg;vHk;udk ydkifusKH;tpdk;&oltzdkY wpfavm uvHk;udkvnf; ydkifusHK;tpdk;&cGihf vTrf;rdk;cGihf &&Sdawmhonfom/ þü oDvESihf o&P*Hk[lí ESpfrsKd;&SdMuav&mwGif.. u/ ]o&P} onf pdww f iG ;f x<u ]y&d,Xk meac: udav om} tawG;tqrsm;udk zdcsESdyfuGyfjcif;udk wm0efcH\/ c/ ]oDv} um; ud, k x f d EIwv f eG f uRx H u G v f maomf 0dwu d rú ac: udavo&rf; xdkaomif;usef;rsm;udk Nidrf0yfydjym;ap&mü wm0ef cH\/ rarhravsmh raygYrqaom tyÜrm'owdjzihf xdxdrdrd o&P*HkyGm;&Sdol\ pdwfonfta[mif;udkvnf; rawG;rd topfodkY vnf; ajy;rodrdNyD/ pdwo f nf tm½Hw k pfcw k pfcük tpESit hf qH;k rQcsn;f om odciG fh &ae&m udavomwdkY rpnf;½Hk;awmh&um; xdkudavomESihf xdkpdwf rcsdwfrdMuawmhNyD/ xkdodkYaom o&P*Hkwnf oDvaMumihf udk,fEIwfESvHk; oHk;yg; vHk;wdkYodkY udavomuyfcGihf r&avaomtcg.... vl\ vlYowdåjzpfaom yifudkpdwfonf udk,f0,faecGifh &acsNy/D xdv k yl ifupkd w d f 0ifaeoltzdYk t&m&mwGif pdwo f abmxm; BuD;jrihfpGmjzihf cGihfvTwfEkdifawmhonfom wpfzufodkY wef;wlxm;vdk pdwf 0ifae&awmhum; rnfolESihf qufqHqufqH El;nHhodrfarGU

[efay:vGifaeawmhonfom/ xdkol\ onf;cHwwfrIonf cGihfvTwfrIygaom onf;cHrI wnf;/ xdkol\ arwåmxm;wwfrIonf udk,fcsif;pm tn§mygaom arwåm"mwf oufrIwnf;/ xdkol\ opömpum;onf usdefpmrwdkufaom wJhwdk;vdkuf trSefpum;oufoufcsnf;wnf;/ uH v H k v Qif a&0if o nf prf;a&onf opf&dyfawm&dyfwdkYjzihf at;aomajrrSom ay:xGef;\/ arwåmonfvnf; bk&m;t&dyf w&m;t&dyfwdkYjzihf at;aom pdwfrSom ay:xGef;\/ o&P*Hkwnfojzihf udk,fusifhoDvNrJolü uHoHk;yg;pvHk;yif vHk\/ ,if;uHvHkrIaMumihf ¤if;\ xH(oEÅmef)wGif udavomab;rS a0;íat;aom "r®owdåonf udef;wnfaeacsawmh\/ tat;"mwfvGefuJol\ xdkarwåmonfom yrmtm;jzihf ajrrIefwdkYudk a&ütaeMumapNyD; &THUEGHtjzpfodkY a&mufavaomtcg avmufpmtjzpf vHk;vsufu ypfrSwfodkYwnfh wnf h csd e f & G , f y pf v T w f v d k u f y H k r sKd ; od k Y jzef Y y d k Y c H & avol \ txH o d k Y wnhfwnfhusjcif;? at;vsufu usjcif;? vTrf;NcHKodrf;ydkufrdvsufu usjcif;rsm;jzihf ysHUESHUapwwf\/ rdb\ om;orD;rsm;tay: xm;&Sdaom arwåmrsKd;onf "r® "mwftm;jzihf rGrf;rHxm;aom xdkarwåmrsKd;rSwpfyg; tjcm;ü r&Sdacs/ rdb\ arwåmonf om;orD;rsm;tay: tmCmwzuf a'gopdwf trnf;pufjzifh trsufxGufavhr&Sd/ xdkarwåmrsKd;rSwpfyg; vifcspf r,m;cspfponfh arwåm xm;rIrsm;onf udk,fhtBudKuf olYü&SdaeaomaMumifhvnf;aumif;? olYtBudKuf udk,fhxHü &SdaeaomaMumihf vnf;aumif;? tBudKuf tBudKufcsif;n§d tNidtNidcsif;NydKifMuum i,fEkdifudkifaeMujcif;rQjzpf &m tBudKufr&Sdawmhí tNidajyoGm;aomtcg arwåmqdkaomt&m olYrSm r&Sdawmhygacs/ odkYaMumihf xdkarwåmonf arwåmppfr[kwf/ pmrsufESm 22 odkY

COVER SPECIAL FEATURES

]oeEÅ&} [lonf urÇmtpOftquf razmufrjyef rSefpGmwnf&Sdaom w&m;jzpfonf/

rsufESmzkH;rS

eE´trnf&Sdaom EGm;ausmif;om;onf olaX; wpfOD;\ EGm;rsm;udk xdef;ausmif;apmifha&Smuf íaeavowwf/ xdkeEá*gyg vu onf &Hzef&Hcg ¤if;\olaX;BuD;tdrfodkYvmNyD;vQif jrwfpGm bk & m;txH a wmf o d k Y 0if a &muf z l ; ajrmf a vh & S d \ / jrwf p G m bk & m; a[mMum;awmfrl aomw&m;awmfwdkYudkvnf; Mum;emavh&Sd\/ xdkeEá*gygvuonf rdrd\aetdrfodkY<uawmfrltHhaomiSm jrwfpGmbk&m;&Siftm; awmif;yefavQmufMum;\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf xdkeE´\ÓPfyndaÈ´&ihfusufjcif;udk qkdif;wGiHhvihfawmfrlaomtm; jzihf wyg;aomt&yfodkY a'opm&D<ucsDawmfrlNyD;aomf? 'AÁorÇm? aumif;pGmvHkavmuf? jynhfpHkaygjrihf? yndaÈ´&ihfonfudk jrifawmfrl onhf waeYoü? oHk;xdkufruk#? twkvoif;uspf? "r®&mZfrif;zsm;? jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifawmfjrwfonf aemufxyfoHCmrsm;pGmNcH&Hvsuf a'opm&D<ucsDawmfrlonf&Sdaomf c&D;vrf;rrS zJ<uoufqif;í xdkeEá*gygvu a,musfm;\ae&mteD;jzpfaom opfyif&if;wpfckü oDwif;oHk;awmfrl\/ eE´ a *gygvuvnf ; jrwf p G m bk & m;\ txH a wmf o d k Y vma&mufí ½dak ojrwfE;kd &Scd ;kd Ny;D aomf ESpo f ufjrwfE;kd zG,t f oG,o f , G f aom y#doEÅm&udkjyKNyD;? jrwfpGmbk&m;udkyifhzdwfí ckepf&ufywfvHk; bk&m;trSL;&Sdaom &[ef;awmfwdkYtm; rGefjrwfaomMoZmxufyGm;? ig;yg;aomEGm;EdkYt&omtvSLudk MunfjzLjrwfav; ay;vSLylaZmfav \/ ckepf&ufajrmuf usa&mufwu G af vh &uftaphü "dywdxw G f xm; jrwfbk&m;&Sifu a&mufvmMuaom y&dowftaygif;tm; w&m;tEkarm'emjyKawmfrlí 'geuxmtpjzmvsuf tpOftm;jzihf rsm;pGmtjym;&Sdaomw&m;pum;udk a[mMum;qHk;rawmfrl\/ a'oemawmf\tqHk;ü eEá*gygvuonf aomwmywåd zdv k üf wnfí? jrwfpmG bk&m;\aemufawmfpOfpu kd v f u kd í f ydt Yk ahH om iSm oydwfawmfudk xrf;aqmif,lNyD;vQif? jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\aemufodkY tpOftpdkufvkdufcJhav&m? tawmfa0;uGmaomt&yfodkYa&mufí jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu ]]Oygoum wefY&yfaexkdifcJhayOD;avmh}} [k rdefYawmfrlonf&Sdaomf bk&m;&Siftm; &Sdcdk;OD;csí xdkae&mXmeuyif qkwfepfjyefvnfcJhav\/ xdt k cg rkq;kd wpfa,mufonf jrwfpmG bk&m;tm; vku d yf NYkd y;D jyefvmaom eEá*gygvuudk vrf;c&D;t&yfü av;jzihfypfowfvdkuf av\/ aemufrSvkduf<uvmMuukefaom &[ef;wkdYu eEá*gygvu \ tavmif;aumifudkjrifawGUcJhMu&onfjzpfí jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; avQmufxm;Muav\/ ]]bkef;awmfBuD;awmfrlaomjrwfpGmbk&m;? eEá*gygvu onf t&SifjrwfwdkYtm; BuD;pGmaomtvSLBuD;udkay;vSLí tpOfvkduf ydkYNyD;jyeftvmwGif aovGef&Smavonf/ tu,fí t&SifjrwfwdkY þt&yfodkY <uvmjcif;rjyKvQif eEá*gygvu aovGef;jcif;rjzpf&m}} [k avQmufav\/ ]]&[ef;wdkY? igbk&m;onf <uvmawmfrlaomfvnf;aumif;? <uvmawmf r rl a omf v nf ; aumif ; ? eE´ a *gygvutm;aojcif ; rS vGwfajrmuftHhaomtaMumif;wpfpHkwpf&mrQ r&Sdacs/}} ]]&[ef;wd?Yk tMuifowfjzwfzsuq f ;D jcif;trIukd cd;k olwo Ykd nf

From the Infront cover

Nanda was a herdsman who looked after the cows of a rich man. Although only a herdsman, he saved whatever he could. Occasionally, he would go to the house of his master and there he sometimes met the Buddha and listened to his discourses. Nanda invited the Buddha to pay a visit to his house But the Buddha did not go to Nanda's house immediately, saying that it was not yet time. After some time, while travelling with his bhikkhus, the Buddha made a detour to visit, Nanda, knowing that the time was ripe for him to comprehend his Teaching properly. Nanda respectfully received the Buddha and his bhikkhus and he served them food for several days. On the last day, after hearing the discourse given by the Buddha, Nanda attained the first stage of Sainthood. As the Buddha was leaving that day, he followed him for some distance, carrying the bowl of the Buddha. Then he paid homage to the Blessed One and turned back to go home. At that instant, a hunter, who was an old enemy of Nanda, shoot him dead. The bhikkhus, who were following after the Buddha, came upon the body of the dead Nanda. They reported the matter to the Buddha, saying: "Venerable Sir, because you came here, Nanda made great offerings to you and accompained you on your return was killed as he was turning back to go home," The Buddha replied. "Bhikkhus, whether I came here or not, there would have been no escape from death for him, because of his previous Kamma." "Therefore you must reflect that a wrongly directed mind can do oneself much greater harm than an enemy or a thief can. A well directed mind is the only security one can have against danger." Then the Buddha spoke in verse as follows: Verse 42- Whatever (harm) a foe may do to a foe, or a hater to a hater, yet an ill- directed mind can do oneself far greater (harm). At the end of the discourse, many people came to be established in Sota-patti Fruition. Nyain Chan Oo

vnf; rjyKEdkifukef/ &efolwdkYonfvnf; rjyKEdkifukef/ xdkcdk;ol&efol wkdYonf rjyKEdkif rzsufqD;Edkifaomt&mudk? owå0gwdkY\ tZÑwå oEÅmefüjzpfaom? roifhrwihf raumif;jrwf ravsmufywfaom tm;jzihf usihfoHk;aqmufwnf ESvHk;oGif;tyfaompdwfonfomvQif jyKavownf;}} [k a[mMum;awmfrlNyD;aemufjrwfpGmbk&m;onf atmufyg*gxmudk a[mMum;awmfrl onf / ]]cd k ; ol w pf a ,muf o nf tjcm;cd k ; ol w pf a ,muf u d k vnf;aumif;? &efolwpfa,mufonf tjcm;&efolwpfa,muf pmrsufESm 22 odkY

DHAMMA TALKS ax&0g'onf umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömjzpfonf/

r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmfbk&m;BuD; rdefYMum;awmfrlaom

(b0Nidrf;csrf;a&;vufeuf) Ak a '¨ g &ot&S i f £ E´ m p&d , (aAm"d & d y f N id r f )

ed ' gef ; aus;Zl;awmf&Sif ysOf;rem; vufvkyfawmifawm& q&m awmf(r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf) 0e0goDb'´EÅaÓ,s"r®omrd r[m ax&fonf a,m*Drsm;udk Mo0g'ay;&mü ]]w&m;tm;xkwfw,fqdk wm ppfwu kd o f vdyk gbJ? udavom&efymG ; ppfr;D rsm;udk rEkid Ef ikd af tmif wdkufxkwf&wmjzpfw,f}} [k Mo0g'pum; em;0,fMum;vsufu a,m*Dppfom;rsm; oifwef;wufMuvsuf vufeufudk,fpD wdkufyGJ csDoGm; enf;vrf;rsm;udk ay;vdkqE´&SdvmcJh&\/ odkYjzpfí ,ck 1361 ckESpf? oDwif;uRwfvü ysOf;rem; vufvkyfawmifwGif wwd,tBudrfajrmuf wpfvw&m;pcef;yGJ usif;yrnfjzpfojzihf a,m*DwdkYtm; r&SDrjzpfaom owdvufeuf udkifwG,fypfcwfyHk twdkaumufjzihf oifa,m*DwdkYtm; tBudKaxmuf um c&D;aygufvmzdYk vufa&mufa&SUwGif þaqmif;yg;udk Munhv f Qif aomfum; tusKd;rsm;í usihfvsifaomfum; ÓPfwdk;yGm;um atmifyGJ cHEkdif7eftwGuf a&;om;&yg\/ þüqdkrnfh owd½IrSwfcsuf owdvufeufu udk,fhvuf a&mufa&;enf;vrf;ay;onfudk vdkufemusihfoHk;BudK;pm;Muukef&m\/ owdtrSwf ½Irw S v f suu f udavom&efow l u Ykd kd atmifyJG ,lí atmifvHxlEkdifMuygap/ t&S i f £ E´ m p&d , aAm"d r @d K if v uf v k y f a wmif ? aejynf a wmf ? ysOf ; rem;/ tm&rÅ x ed u ú r x? ,k Í Æ x Ak ' ¨ o moae/ "k e mx ypö K aemaoeH ? eVm*g&H 0 uk Í Æ a &m/ Ak'¨jrwfpGm omoemawmfü olawmfaumif;w&m;wdkYudk x<uBudK;ukwf BudK;pm;tm;xkwfukefMuavmh/ rqkwfrepf tm;opf Muukefavmh/ qxufxrf;ydk;wdk;í ½IrSwftm;xkwfMuukefavmh/ qifajymifBuD;onf usLx&Htdrfudk eif;acszsufqD;ouJhodkY udavom &efrmefppfonftaygif;udk axmif;axmif;acsrG wdkufzsufMuukef avmh/ ol Y u Ref r cH atmif y G J c H r nf {ork Í Æ H y&d [ a&? "d & w¬ K £"ZD 0 d w H / o*F g ar arrwH aoa,sm? ,aÍÆ Zd a 0 y&mZd a wm/ {o-{aom? udavo&ef jyefveS w f u kd af om a,m*Dppfom; onf? rkÍÆH-ppfajra&mufu? aemufodkYajcvSrf;rqkwfwrf;[k &JpGrf; atmifvHwHcGefrSefom;jrLqHjrufwdwf? yef;edrdwfudk y&d[a& £wdacgif;0,fpdkufaxmif? &Jyef;aqmifaom MuufawmifAdkvfBuD;[lí/ rH-igYudk? "ma&wd= oifrSwfavmh/ rr-ppfajr0,f tuJrvS qkwfNyD;rSvQif oif\ vuf atmuf a&muf j yef a om ig\/ £"= þavmuü? ZD 0 d w H -

touf&Sifvsufae&jcif;onf/ "d&w¬K-toufBuD;uGJ tusKd;enf;í tuJpkyfEkyf owif;ykyfvsufu pufqkyfzG,fBuD; jzpfpGwum;/ o*Fgar- ppfajrppfyüJG / 0g-udavomppfyq JG ifE&JT mü= rwHusí aojci;fonfomvQif/ ar=igYtm;? aoa,sm- aumif;jrwfyg ao;\/ t[H=igonf/ y&mZdawm-rvSppfa&; t½J;IH ay;vsu/f ZDa0= touf&Snf&jim;tHh/ þodkYt½HI;ay;í ta&;rvS t&Suf&vsuf touf&Snf&jcif;onf/ ,aÍÆ-rjrwfonfomvQifwnf;/ w&m;&aMumif ; ig;yg; ,HkMunfusef;rm? pdwfajzmihfpGmjzihf vGefpGmBudK;ukwf? jzpfcsKyfÓPfjrif þig;tiftrSefyif r*f&aMumif;/ w&m;r&aMumif ; ig;yg; rvTwfumr? r&owd? r&Sdq&m rygtiftm;? rxm;vHkYv? þig;0um; "r®ysufokOf; vlcGihfqHk;onf vl½HI; vlEHk vlnHhwnf;/ ur® | mef ; w&m;=xd k i f = rS w f j cif ; wifysOfacGum usHKUusHKUyg cg;rSmajzmihfajzmihfxm;/ rsufpdrSwfyg acgif;wnfum vufrSm,Sufíxm;/ rvIyf£a`E´ NidrfNidrfae rSwfavESmoD;zsm;/ 0ifavxGufav ½IrSwfae odavxd- odrsm;/ taES;tjref 0ifxGuf[ef rSwf&efa,m*Drsm; p-v,f-tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk; odrf;usHK;odatmifyGm;/ 0ifoufxGufouf vIyf&Sm;vsuf csKyfysufrdatmifyGm;/ avsmif;-xdkif-&yf-oGm; þav;yg; rSwftm;NrJaeyg/ udk,f-pdwf-a0'em "r®yg av;jzmtm½Hkxm;/ oligr[kwf emrfESihf½kyf t[kwfodatmifyGm;/ emrf½kyfjzpfrItaMumif;pk Munhf½IodatmifyGm;/ emrf½kyfjzpfysuf c&D;quf Munhfvsuf odatmifyGm;/ jzpfysuf½kyfemrf csKyfysuf[ef ½IÓPfrdatmifyGm; jzpfysufqHk;wGif ÓPfouf0if Nidr;fcGifedAÁLwm/ w&m;tppf c H e nf ; ½Iwm½I&mawGU&Sdwm oHk;jzm ydkifEkdifap/ 0ifxGufavrSm ½IrSwfwm odwmajymEkdifap/ cHpm;a0'em ½IrSwf&m odwmajymEkdifap/ BuHawG;ay:vm ½IrSwfwm odwmajymEkdifap/ oabmay:vm ½IrSwfwm odwmajymEkdifap/ ay:wm½Iwm awGUjrifwm aocsmaphikajymEkdifap/ ½Iuu G af y:wm rSw½f w I m awGUwm w&m;rSwaf v/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

DHAMMA TALKS

umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömonf tESpfom& oabm&Sd\/

opö m azmuf aZmfnKdat;(ausmif;ukef;)

"r®0D&*sme,fonf q&mBuD; OD;a&T atmif\ pmayrsm;ukd ta&;wBuD; azmfjy avh&SdaMumif; owdjyKrdygonf/ txl;tm; jzihf q&mBuD;Nidrf;csrf;OD;rS jyKpkwifjyonfudk awGU&Ny;D wpfcgwpfrsK;d r½k;d pwrf; rSwo f m; cGihf&ygonf/ vkH;vkH;rMum;zl;? rodzl;ao;wm awGa&m? Mum;zl; odzl;a,mifa,mifjzihf a&; aw;aw;jzpfaeonfwkdYa&m yg0ifaeojzihf q&mBuD;rsm;\ pmaumif;ayrGefrsm;onf wpf p wpf p zwf & umrQjzih f y if ES p f o uf auseyfrIukd ay;pGrf;yg\/ t&om rGefjrwfxl;uJaom tpm; tpmukd wpfcgwnf; tvGeftuRHpm;vdkuf vQif rtDromjzpfoGm;wwfygonf/ "r®0D& onf xk d o abmuk d aemausae[ef & S d \ / wpfywfwpfcg enf;enf;pDom cGHUauR;ae aomaMumifh ryifryef; &Tifvef;pGm cHpm;Ekdif Muyg\/ aumuf E k w f a zmf j ycsuf w k d Y o nf enf;yifenf;aomfvnf; tvGefvSy csKdNrdef ygonf/ ÓPfynmEkHYenf;olrsm;tzkdY þuhJ odkY uGufuGufuGif;uGif;? a&G;ppf&,lEkdifrnf rxifyg/ olwpfyg;a&G;xkwfjyvkdufawmhrS ]][m;.. aumif;vkdufwm}} [koabmus rdygvdrfhrnf/ ,ck v nf ; þoabmtwk d i f ; uRefawmfoabmus ESpfNcKdufrdonfwkdYukd xyfqihfaumuf,lvsuf csJUxGifa&;om;csif pdwfay:vmygojzihf tcsKday:oumavmif; onhfES,f aygif;pyfwifjyyg&apvm; cspfpGm aompm½Iol/

tuk o d k v f v k y f i ef ; jzif h aumif ; usKd ; uk d &csif r S & \/ r&ol r sm;vnf ; &Sd\/ ukodkvfvkyfief;ESihf raumif;usKd;ukd &csifrS&\/ r&olvnf;&Sd\/ tukodkvf vkyfief;jzihf toufarG;olwdkif; BuD;yGm; onfr[kwf/ ukokdvfvkyfief;jzihf touf arG ; ol w k d i f ; vnf ; qif ; &J r G J a wonf r[kwf/ trSeftm;jzihf tukodkvfvkyfief; aMumih f BuD ; yG m ;csrf ; omjcif ; onf v nf ; aumif;? ukodkvfvkyfief;aMumihf qif;&J rG J a wjcif ; onf v nf ; aumif ; ? "r® t ay: opö m azmuf j cif ; yif j zpf \ / uHESihf uH\tusKd;wkdY vkdufavsm nD a xG r &S d j cif ; onf "r® t ay: opö m azmuf j cif ; rnf \ / "r® t ay: opö m azmuf j cif ; rS e f o rQ "r® \ 'Pf c wf j cif ; ud k cH & rnf r S m rvT J r aoG rS e f v S a y\/ ouf a &muf t m;ES i h f wef j yef o uf a &muf tm;wk d Y \ ed , mrt& tyk y f c sjcif ; cH & aom "r®onf rdrdtay: tykyfcsolwdkY tm; jyefí'Pfcwf&onfrSm ra&SmifvTJ Ek d i f a om ed , mrt&jzpf \ / xk d e d , mr twk d i f ; "r® u 'Pf c wf r nf r S m aocsm yg\/ od k Y & mwG i f ]]rnf o nh f t csd e f 'Pf c wf c H & rnfenf;}}[lítcsdefumvESihf ywfouf NyD ; pOf ; pm;p&mom&S d \ / xk d Y a Mumih f umvt& raocsmaomf v nf ; ed , mrt& 'Pf c wf & rnf u awmh t vG e f yif aocsm\/

(14.6.2011? twGJ(24)? trSwf(5)? "r® 0D & *sme,f \ a&S U rsuf E S m zk H ; rS ul ; ,l a zmf j y ygonf/) uRef a wmf w d k Y t aejzih f þuJ h o d Y k rpOf;pm;rd½kd;trSefyifjzpfonf/ a,bk,s Ak'¨0g' t,ltqt& aumif;wmvkyfvQif aumif ; usKd ; &rnf / raumif ; wmvk y f v Qif raumif;usKd;&rnf/ þodkYom vufcHxm; ygonf/ xkdYaMumifhvnf; aumif;wmvkyfae ygvsuf aumif;usKd;r&/ aumif;usKd;r&½kH omru qkd;usKd;yif&wwfao;\/ xkdtcgrsKd; üvnf;aumif;? raumif;wm vkyfaeygvsuf raumif;usKd;r&? raumif;usKd;r&½kHomru bJ aumif;usKd;awG&wwfao;\/ xkdtcgrsKd; üvnf;aumif; em;rvnfEkdifatmifjzpf&um rsufpdawGvnfukefonf/ uHESihfuH\tusKd; tay:odv Yk nf;aumif;? ukov kd Ef iS fh tukov kd f tay:odkYvnf;aumif;? ,kHrSm;oHo,awG wnfudef;vmwwfygonf/ ]]aumif;wmawG vkyfaevsufeJYuGm raumif;usKd;awGcsnf;vmw,f}} ]]raumif;wmawG rvkyfbJeJYuGm? aumif;usKd;r&bl;}} ponfjzihf b0ifrusEkdif jzpf&\/ raumif;wmawGcsnf; vkyfaewm yJ/ bmrSrjzpfygbl;/ ydkawmifwkd;wufBuD;yGm; vmao;w,f ponfjzihf trSm;ukdtrSefxif/ trSefukd trSm;xif/ ygpifatmifvGJMujyefyg ao;onf/ 'gukd q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmifu "r® \ opömazmufrItjzpf ½IjrifokH;oyfjyoGm; onf/ (q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ t,ltq vm;? bk & m;a[mvm; qk d o nf u k d a wmh uRef a wmf r od a Mumif ; ½k d ; om;pG m 0ef c H y g onf/) q&mBu;D \pmukd zwf&aomtcgrS owd x m;rd v monf / "r® \ opö m azmuf r I rsm;udk ae&mwumü awGUae&onf/ ÓPf rsuf p d o mryG i h f v Qif rsuf p d a tmuf r S m yif aysmufuG,faernhft&mrsm;ygwum;/ ta':BuD ; wpf a ,muf w G i f om;

DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES umvtvdkuf? a'otvdkuf? rSefaomopömonf toGifoP²mefoabm&Sd\/

orD ; (4)a,muf & S d o nf / uav;i,f r sm; i,fp Ofu yif cify Ge f; onfu r&Sda wmhNyD/ xk d Y a Mumih f i,f p Of u qif ; &J ? BuD ; awmh r G J qkdovdk uoDvifwaecJhMu&onf/ rdef;r om;wpfa,mufwnf;u uav;(4)a,muf vlvm;ajrmufatmif apmihfa&Smuf&onhf 0efwmu rao;yg/ tpkd;&0efxrf;jzpfav aomaMumihf ravmufiaomfvnf; tcsdef wef v Qif vcawmh & aeonf / qif ; &J y if qif;&Jjim;vnf; rdom;pkb0av;ukd wnfNidrf atmif xdef;xm;Ekdifonf/ rjynhfpkHaomb0wGif xkH;pHtwkdif; om;orD;awGu vkdbrjynhfojzihf uaomif; ueif; axmifxm;Muonf/ wpfa,mufESihf wpfa,mufrwnfh/ xpfceJqkd tdrfuxGuf ajy;wwfonf/ pdwfawGqif;&Jum usef;rm a&;awG nHhMuonf/ ynma&;vnf; qkH;cef; rwdkifMu/ pD;yGm;a&;vnf; rqkyfukdifEkdifMu/ uk d , h f b 0uk d , f r auseyf í ayuyf u yf & G J U apmif;apmif;awGcsnf; vkyfMuonf/ wu,f a wmh xk d t a':BuD ; onf vuf&Sdb0ü raumif;wm bmrSrvkyfyg/ &wem(3)yg;ukd MunfnKdonf/ ravmufri 0ifaiGav;xJuae t½kPfqGrf;? wef;qGrf;? xkdifqGrf;awG aeYpOf'gejyKí vSL'gef;onf/ ol w pf y g;uk d v nf ; ul n D o nf / od k Y a omf aumif;usK;d r&yg/ tqk;d awGom wpfaeYwpf jcm; wkd;yGm;cHpm;&ygonf/ q&mBuD; OD;a&Tatmif\tqkdt& qkdvQif "r®\opömazmufrI'Pfukd ususee BuD; cHpm;ae&onf[k ajym&ygvdrfhrnf/ aemufxyfwpfck erlemjyygOD;rnf/

wpfcgu cifrif&if;ESD;aom rdwfaqGESpfOD; onf nae(6)em&Dxkd;onfESihf ykwD;ukd,fpD ukdifpGJum uRefawmfwdkYtdrfteD;rS bk&m;okdY vma&mufí ykw;D pdyMf uonf/ tvmwpfcg tjyefwpfcg uReaf wmfwt Ykd rd o f Ydk 0ifa&mufí EIwfqufavh&Sdygonf/ þodkYjzihf wpfywf cefYMumNyD;aemuf ay:rvmMuawmhyg/ ,if ; rS ES p f & uf c ef Y t MumwG i f a&mufvmMujyefygonf/ 'DwpfcgwGifawmh ykwD;rygawmhbJ a&oefYbl;cGH(2)vkH;pD ukdifpGJ vmMuygonf/ bl;cGw H pfcw k iG f a&ygí usef wpfcGHxJwGif yk&pfaumifawG xnhfxm;onf ukd awGU&ygonf/ xkdYaMumihf ]]bmvkyfMu wmvJ}} [k tHhMopGm ar;Munhf&ygonf/ xkdtcg ]][dk&ufu t"d|mefykwD; pd y f w ,f a v/ tJ ' g tusKd ; ray;vk d Y ? tck yk & pf v k d u f a umuf N yD ; aMumf p m;w,f a v/ raumif ; wmvk y f r S b J aumif ; usKd ; &vk d Y ? tukokdvftvkyfcsnf;yJ vkdufvkyfjzpfawmh w,f}} [k jyefajzygonf/ olwdkYonf avmif;upm;orm;rsm; jzpf M uygonf / uk o d k v f t vk y f v k y f p Of u t½IH;ay:oavmuf tukodkvftvkyf vkyf awmhrS tEkdif&avaomaMumihf tukodkvf tvk y f a wG u d k c snf ; a&G ; vk y f M ujcif ; jzpf y g onf / rl v tpuwnf ; u raumif ; aom &nf&G,fcsufjzihf ukodkvftvkyfukd aoG ; wk d ; prf ; jcif ; omjzpf y gonf / xif ovk d r jzpf a omtcg tuk o d k v f t vk y f awG u d k a jymif ; vk y f M unh f y gonf / wkdufwkdufqkdifqkdifqkdovkd tenf;

&mpkopf\ pdeaf c:rIrsKd;pku H dk Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf &J&ifhwnfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0ukd&ifqkdifvsuf atmifjrifpGm jzwfoef;EkdifMuzkdY "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU/

i,frQaom tusKd;&v'f rjzpfpavmufukd &cJhMuonf/ xkdtcg [kwfvScsnhf [kxif vsuf aemufxyfraumif;rIrsm;ukd xyfum xyfumjyKygonf/ rjzpfnpfus,f tusKd; &v'fuav;awGudk &jyefygonf/ 'gukdyif auseyfESpfNcKdufaeMu\/ wu,fawmh olw&Ykd &Sad om tusK;d &v'fonf olwdkYusL;vGefaeonhf tukodkvf raumif ; jypf E S i h f p mvd k u f v Qif rxk d u f w ef atmif uGmjcm;vSygonf/ tukodkvft&if; tESD;BuD;ay;NyD;rS &&Sdtyfonhf tusKd;pD;yGm; onf wpfoufpm pm;rukefatmif &onf r[kwfovkd oHo&maumif;usKd;csrf;omukd vnf; ray;pGrf;Ekdifyg/ odkYaomftuk o d k v f \ rm,m? tuk o d k v f \acsmh j r§ L vS n f h p m;zsm;a,mif ; rI a umif ; vG e f ; aomaMumif h auseyf o m,maeMu jcif ; omjzpf y gonf / q&mBuD ; OD ; a&T a tmif \ 'óe t&qk d & aomf 'D v l a wG a wmh "r® \ opö m azmufrIukd ususeeBuD; cHvkdufMu&onf [k rSwf,l&ayawmhrnf r[kwfygvm; cspfpGm aom pm½Io/l uJ.. csppf mG aompm½Io/l oihb f 0 wGif "r®\opömazmufrIESihf BuKHae&NyDqkdyg pkdY/ oifrnfodkY &ifqkdifrnfenf;/ toufaocsiaf oygap/ tukov kd f tvk y f u k d j zih f b,f t cgrS r vk y f a wmh y g[k ckdifckdifrmrmqkH;jzwfvkdufMuprf;yg/ oifwdkY tm; uRefawmf OD;ñTwf*g&0jyKyg\/ qk H ; jzwf c suf r S e f u ef M uygap/ aZmf n Kd a t;(ausmif ; uk e f ; )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

4/ owå 0 gcyif ; wd k Y \ touf o cif ynm&S i f rv’ d u ma'0D E S i h f "r® ' d E é m / om0w¬djynf aZw0efausmif;awmf ü uRefrwdkY\ jrwfAk'¨a*gwrbk&m;ocif onf ]]'k- o- e- aom}} pum;Bu;D av;vH;k wd k Y \ jzpf a Mumif ; uk e f p if ? pH k v if a tmif teuft"dymÜ ,fziG fh a[mMum;awmfrNl y;D aemuf trSefw&m;udk odjrifqifjcifoGm;Edkifaom yaoe'Daumovrif;BuD;onf]]y&'g&uH q d k o nf r S m tvG e f y if tjypfBuD;vGef;vSygwum;/ bk&m;wpfqlESihf wpfqt l Mum; ESpaf ygif;toacst F eEÅ t0Dpd i&JrSm uscH&onf/ xdkYaemuf qufvufí aom[ukrÇDi&Jtdk;rSm qufvufi&JcH&ay onf / igonf wk d i f ; jynf t k y f c sKyf a om rif;wpfyg;jzpfygvsuf y&'g&uH usL;vGe&f ef ,kwn f ahH om taumufBuÓ H Pfudk oH;k pGcJ rhJ d onf/ xdknwpfnvHk;rSmvnf; azmufjyef ysuf,Gif; umr*kPt f cif;udk aysmjf rL;usL;vGef vdkpdwfrsm;jzihf wpfa&;rQtdyfr&cJhay/ xdkYjyif

avm[uk r Ç D i &J w G i f usa&muf a e&aom ol a X;om;ol i ,f c sif ; av;OD ; \ xd w f v ef Y aMumuf&GHUzG,femusifyifyef;pGm atmf[pfoH rsm;rSmvnf; oHa0*,lzG,fyifjzpfayawmh onf } } [lí BuD;pGmaomaemifww&m;udk &&Su d m rdrt d oufab;tEÅ&m,fvw G af jrmuf apa&; ,Mwmjzpf a om ]]oAÁ o w,Zf } } ylaZmf&eftwGuf jyifqifpDrHxm;onhf vlESihf owå0grsdK;pHkwdkYudk ,Zfyv’iftaESmiftzGJUrS vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGihfay;vkdufavonf/ toufrao csrf;om&m &&Sdol taygif;u]]igwd k Y \ touf u d k rv’ d u ma'0D rdzk&m;BuD;\ todÓPfynm*kPfESihf rSefuef pGm awG;ac:,lqwwfonhftwGufaMumihf om igwd\ Yk touf rao? csr;f omrIu&kd &Scd hJ Mujcif;jzpfayonf/ rv’duma'0Drdzk&m;BuD; \ aus;Zl;um; BuD;rm;vSygayonf/ rv’dum a'0Drdzk&m;BuD;\ awG;awmajrmfjrif a0zef

ydkif;jcm;Edkifaom ynm*kPfaMumihf trSefudk azmfxkwfEdkifcJhNyD; owå0grsm;pGmwdkY\ touf tEÅ&m,fudk u,fwifEdkifcJhol ]]ZD0dw'ge}} udk ay;vSLEdkifcJholjzpfygayonf}} [lí csD;rGrf; *kPfjyKajymMum;aeMuavonf/ xdt k aMumif; udk oHCmawmft&Sifoljrwfrsm;u ncsrf; tcsdef w&m;obifü jrwfpGmbk&m;&Siftm; avQmufxm;Muav\/ ]]rv’ d u monf ,ck b 0üom owå0grsm;pGmwdkY\toufudk u,fwifEdkifcJh onfr[kwf/ a&S;b0uvnf; u,fwifcJhzl; onf}} [lí jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siu f rdeMYf um;um rv’ d u ma'0D \ a&S ; twd w f t aMumif ; ud k a[mawmfrlcJhonf/ a&S;vGefavNyD;aomtcg Am&mP oDjynfü jA[®'wfrif;BuD; rif;jyKawmfrlpOf xd k r if ; \om;awmf r if ; om;wpf y g;onf anmifyifBuD;wpfyifodkYoGm;a&mufum]]t&S i f a nmif y if a pmif h e wf r if ; ? uREfkyfonf uREfkyf\ crnf;awmfewf&GmpHcJh NyDqdkygu? þZrÁL'dyfuRef;tvHk;ü tkyfcsKyf& aom rif;tjzpfukd &&Scd yhJ grl rif;aygif;wpf&mh wpf y g;ES i f h rd z k & m;wpf & mh w pf y g;wd k Y \ vnf a csmif ; aoG ; ud k a zmuf , l u m toif anmifyifapmihef wfrif;tm; ylaZmfyoygrnf}} [lí qkawmif;jcif;trIudk jyKcJhav\/ xdrk if;om;onf crnf;awmfewf&mG pHNyD;aemuf rif;tjzpfodkY &&SdcJhavonf/ rdrd xdkodkY rif;jzpf&jcif;rSm anmifyifapmifhewf rç píomjzpfonf[k,lqum ay;xm;onhf uwdtwdik ;f ylaZmfrjI yK&ef pDpOfavawmhonf/ wpf&mhwpfyg;aomrif;?wpf&mhwpfyg;aom rdzk&m;wdkYudkzrf;qD;csKyfaESmifNyD; anmifyif&if; wGif ylaZmf&eftvdkYiSm pDrHaeavonf/ xdkodkY zrf;qD;vm&mwGif ]]O*¾aoerif;}} udkom zrf;qD;EdkifcJhNyD; xdkrif;\rdzk&m; ]]"r®'dEém}} rSm udk,fav;vuf0ef&SdaeaomaMumifh rzrf;Edkif cJhay anmifyifapmifhewfrif;rSm rdrdae xdkif&m anmifyif&if;wGif rif;? rdzk&m;wdkY\ aoG;acsmif;pD;awmhrnfukd pd;k &drx f w d v f efv Y suf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

&Sdonf/ tu,fíom þylaZmfyGJudk rwm; qD;EdkifcJhygu ZrÁL'dyfuRef;ü rif;rsdK;rif;EG,f rif ; quf j ywf a wmh r nf [ k awG ; awmrd N yD ; tjcm;aomewfrif;rsm;tm; wm;qD;ay;yg&ef tul t nD a wmif ; aomf v nf ; r&&S d c J h a y/ pwkr[m&mZfewfrif;BuD;rSmvnf; tultnD ray;Edkif/ aemufqHk; odMum;rif;xH tul tnDawmif;&awmh\/ ]]t&SifodMum;rif;? ,ckjzpfay:ae aom ylaZmfrIta&;tcif;udk wm;jrpfay;yg/ rwm;jrpf E d k i f c J h y gu þZrÁ L 'd y f u Ref ; 0,f rif;qufjywf&ygvdrhfrnf}} xdt k cg odMum;rif;u- tBuHaumif; wpfckay;vkdufonf/ ]]toif½ku©pdk;ewfrif;onf t0wf eDrsm;udk0wfvsuf xdkanmifyifrSxGufcGmoGm; av[efjyKvkyfyg/ oifewfom;xGufcGmoGm; onfudkjrifvQif xkdAm&mPoDrif;BuD;onf d v f w H m;jrpfvrd rhf nf/ xGucf mG roGm;ap&ef vku xdktcg toifewfrif;u]]t&Sifrif;BuD;onf rif;taygif;ESihf t*¾ra[oDrzd &k m;Bu;D rsm;\ wpf&mhwpfyg;pD vnfacsmif;aoG;jzihfylaZmfygrnf[k uwday; cJhygvsuf? ti,fqHk;rif; ]]O*¾aoe}} rif;\ rdzk&m; ]]"r®'dEém}} udk rnfonhftwGufaMumihf csefxm;&pf&ygoenf;/ rjynhfpHkaom ylaZmfrI udk igrcH,v l }kd } [lí ajymqdyk gav[k tBuH ÓPfay;vkdufavonf/ xd k t cg Am&mPoD r if ; BuD ; onf ylaZmfjcif;trIatmifjrifapNyD; ½ku©pdk;ewfrif; BuD;auseyfap&eftwGuf O*¾aoebk&if\ rdzk&m;"r®'dEémudk zrf;qD;ac:aqmifvmap onf / "r®'dEémrdzk&m; anmifyifatmufodkY a&muf&v dS maomf tm;vH;k aomwpf&mhwpfyg; rif;rdzk&m;wdkYwGif toufti,fqHk;jzpfaom O*¾aoebk&ifrif;udo k m &Scd ;kd uefawmhav\/ xd k t jyKtrl u d k j rif v k d u f & aom Am&mPoDrif;rSm tvGefyifpdwfqdk;a'gojzpf um]][,f - "r® ' d E é m ? oif o nf bkef;wefcdk;BuD;rm;vSaom igbk&ifudk &Sdcdk; uef a wmh j cif ; trI r jyKbJ tb,f a Mumif h toufti,fqHk;jzpfaom O*¾aoerif;udk &Sdcdk;uefawmh&oenf;}} [k ar;jref;avonf/ xdt k cg "r®'Ed mé rdz&k m;u aMumuf&UHG jcif;tvsO;f r&SdbJ-

]]toifrif;BuD; tuREfkyf"r®'dEém onf &Sdcdk;ylaZmfxdkufoludkom &Sdcdk;uefawmh jcif;jzpfygonf/ O*¾aoet&SifjrwfrSm uREfkyf tm; pnf;pdrfOpöm&wemta>ct&Hrsm;pGmudk jynhfpHkatmifjyKvkyfay;EdkifcJhNyD; udk,fEIwfESvHk; oHk;yg;vHk;udk csrf;omatmif apmifha&Smufay; awmfrlaom aus;Zl;txl;udk jyKay;oljzpfyg onf/ 'ghaMumifh t&Sifocif bk&ifO*¾aoe rif;udo k m &Scd ;kd uefawmh&ygonf/ oifrif;Bu;D rSmrlum; wpf&mhwpfyg;aom rif;rdzk&m;ZeD; armif E S H w d k Y \ om,mcsrf ; ajrUaomb0ud k zsufqD;NyD; toufowf&efyifBuHpnfaeol jzpfonf/ uRefawmfrtwGuf aus;Zl;&Sdol r[kwfygí oifrif;BuD;udk &Sdcdk;uefawmhjcif; rjyKvkyfEdkifyg/ &Sdcdk;ylaZmfxkdufoludkom &Sdcdk; ylaZmfrIjyKvkyf&ygrnf}} [k &J0HhpGm jyefvnf avQmufxm;vkdufavonf/ xd k t cg anmif y if a pmif h e wf r if ; onf udk,fxifjyí]]cspEf rS - oifonf rSeaf ompum; udk ajymjcif;omjzpfay\}} [k ajymqdkcsD;rGrf; um "r®'dEémrdzk&m;BuD;udk yef;qkyfyef;cJrsm; jzihf ylaZmfavonf/ wzef- Am&mPoDrif;Bu;D u xyfrH í]]"r®'dEém? oifonf ihgtm; &Sdcdk; uefawmhjcif;rjyKvykd gu &Sad pawmh/ odaYk omf ihgtm; rif;pnf;pdrfudk ay;pGrf;Edkifaom wefcdk; BuD;vSpGmaom anmifyifapmifhewfrif;tm; tb,faMumihf &Sdcdk;jcif;rjyKygoenf;}} [k xyfrHar;jyefavonf/ "r®'dEémrdzk&m;u]]t&Sifrif;BuD;- ,ckoif&&Sdaom rif;pnf;pdrfonfum; oif\ a&S;b0ujyKcJh zl;aom aumif;rIukodkvfuHrsm;aMumihfom vQif &&Sdjcif;jzpfayonf/ ewfrif;u rç pí &&Sdjcif;r[kwfyg}} [lí jyefvnfavQmufwif aomtcg ½ku©pdk;ewfrif;onf trsm;jrif atmif udk,fxifjyvsuf]]cspf E S r "r® ' d E é m - oif a jymaom pum;onf rSefvSay\/}} [lí csD;rGrf;ajym qdkum "r®'dEémtm; yef;qkyfyef;cJrsm;jzihf ylaZmfjyefavonf/ xdkYaemuf "r®'dEému]]t&Sifrif;BuD;- t&Sifrif;BuD;u om þanmifyifapmifh½ku©pdk;ewfrif;BuD; onf wef c d k ; BuD ; vS y gbd [ k ajymaeonf / tu,fíom bkef;wefcdk;BuD;rm;vGef;onf qdkygu? ,ck þewfrif;pH&m anmifyif\

vuf0b J uftudik ;f rD;avmifonfukd wm;qD; Edkif&rnfjzpfonf/ odaYk omf ,ckrmS rD;avmif onfudk rwm;qD;Edkif? rdrdaexdkif&m Adrmef anmifyifudkyif aumif;rGefpGm rxdef;odrf; rapmifha&SmufEdkifaom ½ku©pdk;ewfrif;onf tvGefyifwefcdk;BuD;vSygbd[k oifrif;BuD; csD;rGrf;ajymqdkaeonf}} [k Am&mPoDrif; BuD ; trS e f w &m;ud k vuf c H v mapEd k i f & ef twGuf usKd ;aMumif;qDavsmaf tmif axmufjy ajymqdkjyefonf/ anmifyifapmihef wfrif;rSm ud, k x f if jyí a&S;enf;twkdif;yif yef;yGifhyef;qdkif;rsm; jzihf "r®'dEémrdzk&m;tm; csD;rGrf;ajymqdkum ylaZmfjyefavonf/ anmif y if a pmif h e wf r if ; onf wpf & mh wpf y g;aomrif ; rd z k & m;rsm;\ vnfacsmif; aoG;jzihf ,ZfylaZmfrnhfta&;rS uif ; a0;ap&ef vk y f a qmif w m;jrpf a[majymay;Ed k i f o l r S m O*¾ a oerif ; \ rdzdk&m;"r®'dEém rSwyg; tjcm; olrwwfEkdif[k ,H k M unf o nf / ]]yl a Zmf x k d u f ol } } ud k o m yl a Zmf & rnf / rd r d \ b0ta[mif ; ujyKcJhaom ukodkvfaumif;rI raumif;rIrsm; aMumihfom ,ckb0twGuf cHpm;pHpm;Mu &jcif ; jzpf y gonf [ l a om rS e f u ef a om cH,lcsuf&Sdol "r®'dEém/ trSm;udkjyKvkyf? tukodkvftvkyf udk t[kwfxifaeol Am&mPoDrif;BuD;tm; vrf;rSefudkñTefjyay;EdkifpGrf;ol "r®'dEém/ xd k " r® ' d E é m tm; anmif y if a pmif h ½kup© dk;ewfrif;onf yef;yGihfyef;qkyfyef;qkdif; rsm;jzihf tBudrfBudrfylaZmfcJhavonf/ ouf y d k i f N id r f ; (½k u © a A')

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/

ab;uae vGwfvGwfav; jrifawGUaeyg ud k a t;rif ; (yJ c l ; )

Ak ' ¨ 0 g'qd k w m vl o m;pG r f ; tif u d k todtrSwjf yKwhJ ud, k v f yk rf u S , kd &f wJh twåm [d t wå m aem emaxm 0g'wpf & yf j zpf y g w,f/ udk,hf&JUaESmifzGJUaewJh rvGwfNidrf;rIawG jzpfwJh pdwftnpftaMu;EGHxJu udk,fwkdif ½kef;xGufEdkifrS pifMu,fwJhb0udk auseyf ES p f o uf & if ; aysmf & T i f c srf ; ajrUaeapr,f / aomuAsmyg'wd k Y r S uif ; a0;vG w f N id r f ; NyD ; NidrfoufNidrf;csrf;pGmjzifh vlYb0&JUtESpfom& ydkif&Sifjzpf&ygr,f/ "r® y 'rS m vmwJ h t wk d i f ; qd k & aomf a&aMumifhjzpfwJh &GHUeJYñTHrsm; pifMu,foGm;zdkY qdk&if a&eJYyJjyefaq;rS awmfr,f/ pufqD aMumifhjzpfcJhwJh qD&JUacs;rsm; pifMu,foGm;zdkY ta&; pufqED iS fh aq;rSawmfr,f/ tJ'OD yrm twkdif; pdwfaMumifhjzpfwJh pdwf&JUnpfnrf;rI ud a vomtrS m ;awG [ m pd w f j zih f a q;zd k Y arhavsmhaeMu&if oifhawmfyhgrvm;wJh/ tJ'D vdk arhavsmhjcif;u aojcif;&JUtaMumif;cHvdkY rdefYawmfrlcJhwJh ]]yrma'g rpöKaemy'H}} owd ay;w&m;oHu txift&Sm;&Sdaeygw,f/ twårygwJh oefpY ifwt hJ m½Hek YJ vlukd yk*¾dKvf? owå0g? ol? ig? a,musfm;? rdef;r tjzLtrJrMunhfbJ t&Sdudkt&Sdtwkdif; "r®

'd|mefusus½IjrifNyD;aewJh avmuom;wkdif; [m olwdkYudk,fwGif;rSmyif ÓPftvif;yGihf apr,hf pGrf;yum;owådawG&SdaewmaMumihf ÓPftvif;yGihfvif;rIawGu olYudkvrf;ñTef jyoum ÓPftvif;yGifhatmif oluyif OD;aqmif&rSmjzpfygw,f/ 'D a e&mrS m oef Y p if w J h t m½H k e J Y v d k Y qdkxm;awmh or®m'd|dtjrifrSefvdkY owd&Sdap csifygw,f}}{um,aem t,Hbdu©a0ra*¾g}} qdkwJh NidrfoufNidrf;csrf;wJh vGwfNidrf;at; vrf;pOfxJu or®m'd|dOD;aqmif r*¾ifudk qdkvdk wmyg/ trSefjrifrS tjrifrSefNyD; todrSef tvkyfrSefr,fr[kwfygvm;/ t&Su d t kd &St d wdik ;f wnhw f nho f jd rif &if or®m'd|djzpfNyD; pdwftnpftaMu;awGeJY xnhfxnhfNyD;jrifae&if rdpäm'd|dtjrifawGyJ jzpfjzpfaevdkY tcktcsdefxd b,fbk&m;&Sifudk rS rrDao;wmjzpfygvdrhfr,f/ wnhfwnhfod jrif&if or®m'd|djzpfNyD; xnhfxnhfod&ifawmh rdpäm'd|djzpfygw,f/ xnhfxnhfawG;&if or®m ouFyÜjzpfNyD; xnhfxnhfawG;&if rdpämouFyÜ jzpfygw,f/ wnhfwnhfodatmifBudK;pm;&if or®mowdjzpfNyD;? wnhfwnhfodNyD; *½kpdkuf vQif rdpämowdjzpfygw,f/ wnfhwnhfodjrif

jcif;rSm wnfMunfae&if or®morm"djzpfNyD; xnhfxnfhodNyD;wnfae&if rdpämorm"djzpfyg w,f/ avmued,mrw&m;t& aumif;wm kd m owdBu;D rjzpf&if qd;k wmjzpfomG ;w,fqw BuD; qifjcifwwf&rSmvnf;jzpfygw,f/ avmuxJ r S m pd w f t oH k ; jyKp&m tm½Hk (6) yg;&Sw d mrdYk jrifo&d UJ oH;k p&mtqif; rsm;? Mum;od&JU oHk;p&mtoHrsm;? eHod&JU oH;k p&mteHrY sm;? pm;od&UJ oH;k p&mt&omrsm;? xdo&d UJ oH;k p&mxdp&mrsm;? Buo H &d UJ oH;k p&m BupH &m (zl;aom) rsm;tm;jzihf tm½Hk (6) yg;udk qd k v d k y gw,f / tm½Hk (6) yg;qdkwmvnf; wu,fawmh tcsKyftm;jzihf odp&mrsm;yif jzpf v d k Y od p &mrsm;ud k od a ewmuvG J N yD ; avmuBuD;rSm tjcm;bmrStrSefr&SdEdkifygbl;/ 'gaMumifrh Ykd avmuudt k rSet f wkid ;f ? t&Sdu kdt &Sdt wdkif; toHk;jyKvdkM uvQifjzihf odwmESihfodp&mrQomawGygvm;vdkY &Sif;&Sif; av;jrifwwf&ygr,f/ ½dk;½dk;&Sif;&Sif;jrifawmh wnhfwnhfav;odvmr,f/ wnhfwnhfav;od vmawmh wnh f w nh f a v;yJ * ½k p d k u f r ,f tm;xkwfr,f/ aemufqHk; wnfhwnhfav;od wJhtay:rSm wnfMunfoGm;r,f/ odwmESihf odp&mrQom&Sdw,fvdkY avmuobm0trSef twdkif; r*¾ifaumif;rsm; NcH&HNyD; tm½HkawGudk cspfp&mvdkYrjrif? rkef;p&mvdkYvnf;rjrifbJ toH k ; csp&mtjzpf e J Y o m toH k ; jyKvk d u f & if pdwfxJrSm vGwfvyfoGm;ygw,f/ 'gaMumihf vnf; trSefw&m;u vGwfvyfrIudkjzpfap w,fvdkY rax&fjrwfrsm;u qHk;rvrf;ñTefcJh wmayhg/ vGwv f yfawmh oef&Y iS ;f pifMu,fomG ; w,f/ ayhgyg;oufomaom vGwNf ird ;f csr;f om? NidrfoufNidrf;csrf;rIudk rsufarSmufusdK;&pHpm; Ed k i f w mjzpf y gw,f / 'D o abmw&m;ud k a,medaomreodum&= toihftm;jzihf ESvHk; oGif;jcif;vdkYvnf; qdkEdkifygw,f/ 'gayr,hf uRefawmfwdkY trSwfwrJh avmuom;awG u awmh od p &mrsm;ud k odjcif;rQom&Sw d ahJ vmuBu;D udk csppf &mrsm;udk cspf w mvd k Y v nf ; aumif ; ? rk e f ; wmrsm;ud k rke;f wmvdv Yk nf;aumif;? xnhx f nhNf y;D awG;jrif

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/

oH k ; oyf qH k ; jzwf v k y f a qmif a eMuygw,f / xnhfxnhfawG;jrifjcif;udk taMumif;jyKNyD; xnhfxnhfNyD;odjcif;? jyKvkyfjcif;? *½kpdkufjcif;? wnf&Sdjcif;rsm;vnf; jzpfvmMuNyD; BudKufvQif avmbpdwfESihf cspfp&mvdkY owfrSwfMujyef w,f/ rBuKd uv f Qif a'gopdwEf iS hf rke;f p&mvdYk owfrSwfNyD; rdpämr*¾ifrsm;ESihf trSwfwrJh arm[pdwu f t kd ajccHNy;D ½Iyaf xG;ESyd pf uf qlyu G f avmif<urf;aeMujyefygawmhw,f/ wnhfwnhf rjrif E d k i f o rQ xnh f x nh f j rif aeMuNyD ; b,faomtcgrS trSefw&m;udk rawGUEdkif awmhbJ tvSrf;a0;aeOD;rSmyg/ 'gaMumifhrdkY trS e f r awG ; Ed k i f b J cspf p &m? rk e f ; p&mvd k Y owfrSwfjrifawGUaeorQ xnhx f nhaf wG;w,f vdkYac:Ny;D ta,medaomreodum&= qefu Y sif buftm;jzihf roihfrwihfESvHk;oGif;jcif;vdkY rax&f j rwf r sm;u vrf ; ñT e f q H k ; rae&wm jzpfygw,f/ tbd " r® m oabmt& vl r S m ]]rsupf ?d em;? ESm? vQm? ud, k }f } qdNk y;D tjyif tm½Hw k &Ykd UJ 0if&mwHcg;ozG,jf zpfwhJ 'Gm&ig;ck &Sdygw,f/ wpfck wpfckudk trSDjyKNyD;odwwf wJhpdwfu ESpfrsdK;pD&SdvdkY rsufpdudktrSDjyKNyD; tqif;udkodwJh pdwfESpfrsdK; (pu©K0dÓPfa'G;)? em;udktrSDjyKwJh Mum;odpdwfESpfrsdK; (aomw 0dÓPfa'G;)? ESmacgif;udktrSDjyKwJh eHodpdwf ESpfrsdK; (Cme0dÓPfa'G;)? vQmudktrSDjyKwJh t&omodpw d Ef pS rf sKd ; (ZD0mS 0dÓPfa'G;)? ud, k f udk trSDjyKwJh tawGUod0dÓPfESpfrsdK; (um, 0dÓPfa'G;) wdkYjzpfygw,f/ tJ'v D kd todpw d Ef pS rf sKd ;pDrmS rdru d , kd f wdkif ESvHk;oGif;wJh ta,medaomreodum& qdkwJh xnhfxnhfNyD;jrifwwfwJh tjrifrSm;awG aMumifh cspfp&m? rkef;p&mtjzpfjrifvdkY okc jzpfvkduf? 'ku©jzpfvkdufeJY 0rf;enf;0rf;om abmiftwGi;f rSm owdvw G Nf y;D arm[apwem tusdK;udk cHpm;ae&wmjzpfygw,f/ 0rf;enf; 0rf;omrsm;vGef;wJhol[m b0vrf;aMumif; rajzmihfjzL;Edkifygbl;/ rd r d p d w f u d k r d r d u d k , f w k d i f o d N yD ; 0rf ; enf ; 0rf ; omjzpf w mawG Bud K uf v Qif avmb? rBuKd uv f Qiaf 'go? trSww f rJah evQif arm[apwemawG a Mumif h auseyf w m? rauseyfwmawG tjzpfenf;atmifaeEdkifwJh ]]owd}} &Sw d phJ w d ef jYJ zpfro S m Munfvifat;csr;f rIydk&Sdr,f/ vGwfNidrf;wJhpdwfeJY udk,hf&nfrSef; csufyef;wkdifrSm NidrfoufNidrf;csrf;rSmjzpfyg

w,f / tJ'Dvdk owdeJYaewJhtavhtusihf pdwf a,medaomreodum&pdwfjzihf Munhfrd wJt h cgrSm t&Su d t kd &St d wkid ;f jrifwhJ wnhw f nhf av; odjrifpdwfudkjzpfapygw,f/ awGUBuHK vmorQtm½HkawGudk okcjzpfatmifvnf; rcHpm;eJ?Y 'kuj© zpfatmifvnf; rcHpm;bJ? vGwf atmifaewJh NidwG,frIuif;wJh oHwG,fvGwf ESvHk;aumif; pdwfjrwfudk qdkcsifwmjzpfyg w,f/ 'gaMumifhrdkYvnf; ]]tm½H k i g;0? ½l y ? "ar® ? olY[molxm; tvum;[mawG p-o-C-Z-u ES i h f qH k a cs/ aumif ; qd k ; cG J ay:NrJ 0 d n maP}} vd k Y rax&f j rwf B uD ; rsm;u Ak ' ¨ t bd " r® m oabmxif [ yf r d a tmif twd k c sKyf N yD ; owday;cJhMuwmjzpfygw,f/ (p- o- CZ- u qdkwm pu©K? aomw? Cme? ZD0Sm? um,wdkYudk ñTef;wmyg)/ wu,fvrYkd sm; csppf &m rke;f p&mvdYk ES v H k ; oG i f ; &if trSm;ESvHk;oGif;jzpfygw,f/ odp&mvdYk ESv;kH oGi;f rS trSeEf v S ;kH oGi;f jzpfw,f vdkY bmaMumifhqdkaeovJqdk&if t&Sdtwdkif; wnhw f nho f v d &Ykd aomaMumifh odp&mvdYk ESv;kH oGif;wm trSefjzpf&ygw,f/ t&Sdtwdkif; wnhfwnhfodr&aomaMumihf (odkY) &Sdwmu wjcm; odwmuwjcm;jzpfaeaomaMumihf 0dyÜv’mo txifrSm;rItajccHNyD; cspfp&m? rkef;p&mvdkY ESvHk;oGif;&ifrSm;w,fvdkY ajymEdkif wmjzpf y gw,f / Oyrmav;eJ Y & S i f ; Munh f & if i,fpOfwek ;f u upm;cJw h hJ a&mifpt kH ½kyaf v; rsm;tay: csppf &m? rke;f p&mtjynhef YJ upm; cJhzl;wm vlwkdif;eD;yg;jzpfygw,f/ ,cktcsdef rSm jyefawG;Munhf&if cspfvdkYrkef;vdkYvnf; r& awmhygbl;/ odp&mtjzpfeJYom usefaeyg awmhw,f/ b,fvdkrSta&;rBuD;awmhygbl;/ xdkYtwlyJ NyKH ;? &,f? rJ?h id?k csprf ek ;f ydak ewmawG [m wu,fr&Sv d Ykd tNrw J rf;ajymif;vJaew,f/ t&Sdw&m;r[kwfbJ txifw&m;awGjzpfvdkY b,fvdkrS ckdifrmrIr&SdwmtrSefyg/ puúefYESifh trQ trsd K ;rsd K ; tjrif a wG a jymif ; vJ a eNyD ; wu,fwrf;t&Sdw&m;jzpfwJh odp&muawmh b,f a vmuf y J M umMum rajymif ; vJ y gbl ; / ta&;BuD ; qH k ; awG y gqd k w mawG [ mvnf ; r[kwfEdkifwJhtwGuf ta&;BuD;w,fvdkY xif aeMuwmawGtm;vH;k [m aMumuf? csp?f rke;f ? arQmf txifrSm;rIawGaMumifhjzpfygw,f/ 'Dvdk

txifrSm;rIawGaMumihf pdwfrSm ylavmifae Mu&ygw,f? &yfwnf&mr&Muygbl;/ trSef w&m;r[kwaf wmh rvGwv f yfEikd w f hJ oabm w&m;jzpfygw,f/ odp&mrsm;udk odwmvdo Yk m wnh f w nh f a v;jrif a wG U apcsif y gw,f / csppf &mrsm;udk cspw f m? rke;f p&mrsm;udk rke;f wm vdkY xnhfxnhfrawG;jrifapygbl;/ bmvdkYvJ qdkawmh ]]avmuBuD;rSm odxm;zdkY ta&;BuD; qH;k u aemufq;kH rSm bmrSr[kwyf gvm;qdw k m odxm;zdkY ta&;BuD;qHk;yJ r[kwfygvm;wJh}} 'Dt"dymÜ ,fav;udk pmzwfol odciG fh &vdu k w f m tvGet Yf vGef wefz;kd &Sw d hJ ]]owd}} w&m;av;udk ckdifusOfrwfoGm;apygvdrhfr,f/ ]]vdkw&}} aq;BudrfvHk;udk&vkdufaomolxuf yif wefzdk;&SdoGm;ygvdrhfr,f/ aq;BudrfvHk;udk &xm;olawG[m pm;0wfaea&;tm;vH;k vdw k & jzpfNyD; tm;vHk;vnf;tqifajyMurSmtrSefvdkY k &aq;Burd f xifaeygvdrrfh ,f/ 'gayr,hf vdw vHk;av;udk rpGefYEdkifaomaMumihf apmifha&Smuf &wJ h ' k u © ? aMumif h M u&wJ h a omuawG e J Y aojcif ; w&m;vmrS m pd k ; &d r f & wJ h t ewå oabmw&m;awG &Sdaeygao;w,f/ od p &mrsm;ud k o d j cif ; rQjzpf a om avmuBu;D udk ]]odp&m}} vdYk wnhw f nhaf v; awG;vkdufaomtcg cspfjcif;? rkef;jcif;awG xnh f x nh f a wG ; aom jyóemtm;vH k ; rS vGwfNidr;f at;oGm;ygw,f/ touf½aI epOfrmS vmb? ,o? yoHo? okc[laom taumif; xif w J h avmu"H (4) yg;ES i f h a wG U &vnf ; olYoabmolaqmifwhJ odp&mrQomawGygvm; vdYk tjrifreS x f m;Edik af wmh okcxifwhJ csppf &m vdkY xnhfawG;um avmb? rmersm; yGm;pD;NyD; tyg,f u s&rJ h ab;'k u © r S uif ; a0;aprS m jzpfygw,f/ tvmb? t,o? edE´H? 'ku©H [laom tqdk;xifwJhavmu"H (4) yg;ESihf awG U qH k & &if v nf ; ol Y o abmol a qmif ? olYtvkyfolvkyfaewJh oabmrQygvm;vdkY ynmjzihf tjrifrSefxm;Edkifawmh odp&mrQom jzpf N yD ; rk e f ; p&mvd k Y x nf h a wG ; um a'go? aomursm;yG m ;wwf N yD ; tyg,f u s&r,h f ab;'ku©awGrS uif;a0;apygw,f/ touf &S i f a ea&;rS m od p &mrQomoabmxm;NyD ; obm0ususaeEdkif&ifvnf; touf½I&yf oGm;vdkY aoa&;rSvnf;ÓPfjrifNyD;tqifajy Edkifygw,f/ b0tay:rSmoHk;oyfMunhf&if jzpfNyD;ysufrSmqdkwJh ]]0,"r®mocFg&m}} vdkY oHk;oyfjyxm;NyD; vkyfaqmifp&mqdkvdkY ]]tyÜ

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/

rma'e orÜga'x}} owdw&m;om ta&; Bu;D qH;k &Sw d ,fvYkd bk&m;&Sif aemufq;kH rSmwrf; awmft& jzpfNyD;ysufroGm;cif tcsdefav; twG i f ; rS m yd k i f r ,f x if v d k Y awmif ; w? qdkifw,fxifvdkY aMumifhMuwJh xnhfxnhfawG; aevdkY oifhygrvm;/ 'gaMumihv f nf; 'Db0qdw k m odp&m rQom trSef&Sdw,f/ aemufb0qdkwmvnf; odp&mrQomtrSef&Sdr,f/ cspfp&m rkef;p&m vdYk txifjzihf owfrw S x f m;wJt h wGuaf Mumihf b0jyóemawGtm;vHk;[mvnf; wnhfwnhf jrifwwfoGm;wJhtwGuf tm;vHk;tqifajy acsmrT w f o G m ;ygw,f / jzpf o rQt&mawG tm;vHk;tay:rSm tjypfrjrifwwfawmhbJ tjypf u d k v spf v sL½I N yD ; rd r d E S i h f w om;wnf ; tjrifjzihf avmuBuD;udk rcspfwwf? rrkef; wwf w J h Oayu© m ES v H k ; om;jzpf v mEd k i f N yD ; tusdK;&Sdaomavmuaumif;usdK;udk a&SU½IwJh tvkyfrsm;udkom tcsdefESifhtrQ vkyfEdkifMuyg vdrhfr,f/ vdkw&BudrfvHk;av;&wJholrSm 'ku© tm;vH k ; uif ; vG w f c G i f h r &ao;aomf v nf ; 'Dt"dyÜg,fav;udk odjrifoGm;wJholrSm trSef w&m;ud k oabmayguf o G m ;wJ h t wG u f vGwfvyfcGihfudk&&SdoGm;apygw,f/ 'Dtodtjrifav;udk owdeJY pGJpGJNrJ NrJ aeYpOfusiafh qmifaewJo h [ l m wjznf;jznf;

eJY jrif&wJt h cgwkid ;f rSm jzpfvmwJt h awG;tjrif trsdK;rsdK;? Mum;&wJhtcgrSm jzpfvmwJhtawG; tjriftrsdK;rsdK;? pm;aomuf&wJhtcgrSm jzpf vmwJh tawG;tjriftrsdK;rsdK;? cHpm;rItrsdK;rsdK; eJY jrifwm? Mum;wmtay:rSm oabmxm; tjriftrsdK;rsdK;jzpfaewJh rdrdpdwfobm0av; udk ydkí tao;pdwfodjrifvmrSm aocsmyg w,f/ vdkcsifaewJhpdwftrsdK;rsdK;? vdkcsifwm r&rSmpdk;&drfwJh pdwftrsdK;rsdK;? vdkcsifwm&wJh tcgrSmjzpfay:wJh aysmf&TifrI? auseyfrI? iguG vdYk rme0ifrI pwJph w d &f UJ obm0awGuv kd nf; ydkodjrifvmygvdrhfr,f/ tJ'DtcgrSm jzpfay: vmorQudk ab;uae yGJMunhfy&dowfvdk oabmxm;rsdK;eJY at;at;aq;aq;MunhfEdkif vmygw,f/ tJ'DvdkMunhfEdkifav? tjrif&Sif; av? tjrif&Sif;avav todÓPftqihf twef; jrihrf m;avavjzpfygw,f/ todÓPf tqihftwef;jrihfrm;avav trSefw&m;jzihf NyD;jynhfpHkwJh todw&m;a&SU½INyD; pmzwfol&JU pdwfrSm vGwfvyfrIydk&Sdavavjzpfygr,f/ tJ ' gaMumih f r d k Y v nf ; avmurS m a&maxG;aewJt h aumif;tqd;k trSm;trSeu f kd todtjrifav;u vsifjrefpGmcGJjcm;qifjcif oHk;oyfqHk;jzwfEkdifwJh ynmÓPfudkjzpfap w,fvdkY pma&;ol ,HkMunfrdvdkY wifjyaewm yg/ t&ifwkef;uawmh pma&;olvnf;rodvdkY

qHk;rpm a&T&dyf? aiG&dyf? av&dyf? rdk;&dyf xuf vl&dyfudk tvGefw&m odcJonf/ usnf ; uef & S i f B uD ; pmxJrSmom pmwwfol pmaywwf o nf ? usrf ; *ef w wf o nf ? jzpfyg vsuf avmb? a'go? rme? £ó? rpä & d , BuD ; Muaom vl q &m? &[ef ; q&m wdkYonf udk,fxJrSmrwwf pmxJrSmomwwfí wPSm rme? 'd|dyGm;rsm;onfhtwGuf BuD;EkdifMu onf / y&rw¬ p u© K usrf ;

udk,hftxif Mum;zl;em;0awGjzihf olrsm;yg;pyf zsm;rS m vrf ; qH k ; NyD ; arm[apwemjzih f avhusihfcJhwmawGu tyg,fuszdkY tvGef aocsmcJyh gw,f/ ud, k Ó fh PferYJ &D if rSew f ,f? aumif ; w,f x if N yD ; ud k , f h Ó Pf r rD c J h & if rBuKd uv f Ykd rSm;w,fxifcw hJ mawG[m udk,rfh mS &Sw d hJ todav; wpfxmG wpfru kd Ef iS fh csppf &m? rkef;p&mtjzpfxnhfxnhfawG;jrifNyD; jypfrSm;cJh wm renf;vSygbl;/ ud, k o f x d m;wJh xnhpf &m todrsm;ESihf cspfp&m? rkef;p&mtjzpf 'd|dcH NyD;? jypfrSm;cJhzl;wmawGvnf; trsm;BuD;&SdcJh wmudk oabmayguf&rSmjzpfygw,f/ ud k , f Ó Pf r rD w meJ Y b J oaAÁ n K avoHrsdK;eJY rSm;w,f? rSefw,f ,wdjywf rqHk;jzwfoihfaomfvnf; arm[apwemrsdK; awG e J Y xnh f x nh f N yD ; awG ; jrif a eOD ; r,f qdk&ifawmh ]]wawGawGaovdkY oGm;&ifvS wzG m ;zG m ;atmuf r S m ,re,f p k H t ES H Y tukefvHk;pkMurnfom}} [laom v,fwD q&mawmfBuD;\ aw;xyftwkdif; jzpfMuyg awmhr,f "r®rdwfaqGtaygif; ÓPfrDorQ "r® o mupä m jyK zd w f a c:wk d u f w G e f ; wif j y vdkufygw,f/ pmñTe;f - rlv"r®q&mawmfBu;D ESirfh ax&fjrwf wdkY\ tqHk;trvrf;ñTefcsufrsm;/ ud k a t;rif ; (yJ c l ; )

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS "r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

q&mawmfBuD;rsm;\ Oyrmjy [mo&o

tdrfOD;cef;rSm bkef;BuD;b0vdkxm;NyD; &SmazGauR;r,fh rdef;rrsKd; &Smr&vdkY jzL;Nrd K Uawmif b uf um;vrf ; &xm;vrf;ab;wGif Z[m;trnf&SD &GmBuD; wpf&mG &So d nf/ xd&k mG wGif ,cifu bke;f Bu;D ausmif ; ES i h f ausmif ; xd k i f b k e f ; BuD ; &S d o nf / jynfwGif;ppfaMumifh &Gmysufum &Gmom;rsm; ppfawmif;jrpfurf;taemuf ½dk;rbufodkY xGufajy;cJhMu&mrS &GmysufoabmrsKd;jzpfoGm; onf/ jynfwGif;ppfat;csrf;oGm;aomtcg tcsKUd &Gmol? &Gmom;rsm; &GmodYk jyefaeMuaomf vnf ; bk e f ; BuD ; rS m jyef < urvmí &G m rS m bk e f ; BuD ; r&S d j zpf a e&onf / xd k Y t wG u f vl B uD ; rsm;u 'ud © P m½H k q &mawmf x H &GmtwGuf ausmif;xkdifbkef;BuD;wpfyg; csay; &ef vma&mufavQmufxm;onf/ 'ud © P m½H k q &mawmf u rd r d \ wynh f x J r S tbd " r® m ? 0d e nf ; ok w å e f tawmftwefoifzl;aom OD;yZif; OD;vmb udk xdkZ[m;&GmwGif ausmif;xdkifomoemjyK &efapvTwfonf/ OD ; vmbu roG m ;vd k a y/ q&m awmfu OD;vmbroGm;csifrSef;odí bk&m;&Sd cdk;tNyD;wGif bmaMumifhroGm;csifwmvJ[k ar;jref;onf/ ]]igY & S i f w d k Y r S m ausmif ; yd k i f b 0ES i h f rdrpd w d Bf uKd uf pDrNH y;D ud, k 'hf g,um 'g,dum rawGEiS hf csr;f ompGm ae&rSm bmjyKvYkd r<u csifwmvJ} [kar;onf/ ]q&mawmfajymwmuawmh [kwfygw,f/ ,ck wynhfawmfoGm;&rSmu ausmif;tdkausmif;ysuf 'um? 'umrawGvJ tpHrk a&mufao;/ wpftrd Ef pS t f rd o f m&Sad e ao;w,f/ tJ'D&Gm ausmif;oGm;xdkif&ifawmh ud k , f h a usmif ; ud k , f a qmuf ud k , f h a usmif ; udk,frdk;NyD; udk,fhqGrf; udk,fcsufpm;&r,fh b0bJ bk&m;? 'DrSm wynhfawmfu udk,f pd w f c srf ; ompG m ES i h f oD w if ; oH k ; ae&wmyg bk&m;} [kavQmufxm;onf/ OD;vmb pum;aMumihf bk&m; 0wf wufMo0g'cH udk&ifOD;yZif;wdkYrSm NyHK;pdNyHK;pd jzpfukefMuawmhonf/ ]omoemjyKvkyfief;qdkwm 'um

cifolZmjrihf

'umrtay: arwåmxm;&r,fav? igY&Sif wdkY &[ef ; usih f 0 wf r S m vJ ]]raumif ; jrpf w m aumif ; &mñT e f v wf topf a [mMuL; emzl ; xyf r H ? ewf x H 0 if & m arwå m vnf ; jyK? &[ef ; rI ? ajcmuf c k v G e f a ocsm}} vdb Yk &k m;a[mxm;w,fr[kwf vm;? 'um? 'umrawGtay:rSm arwåmxm;NyD; tyifyef;cH omoemjyKMuw,f r[kwfvm;} [k Mo0g'ay;onf/ qufvufí armifvm b ausmif;rxdkifcsifyHkuawmhuGm iSufodkuf Bu;D &Gm&Sb d ek ;f Bu;D vlxu G u f rde;f r,lzYkd pdwu f ;l aomf v nf ; ud k , f w d k i f u td r f a &S U cef ; rS m tcefYom;xdkif &SmazGauR;arG;r,fh rdef;rrsKd; ray:ao;vdkYqdkwmrsKd;jzpfaeNyDuGJU} [krdefYMum; onf / ]taMumif;pHu k av; tus,o f yd g& apbk&m;} [k wynhw f pfyg;u avQmufxm; &m ]at;wdkYrsm;wynhf iSufodkufBuD; aus;&Gmom; &[ef;vlxGuf armifvSodef; &[ef ; 0g(7)0g (8)0gt&rS m vl x G u f o G m ; owJ h u G , f / bk e f ; BuD ; vl x G u f y D y D oma&;? ema&;? tvS L yG J & S d & if w&m;av;rawmuf wacguf aqG ; aEG ; umtcsd e f u k e f a eowJ h /

touf u av; 35? 37 a&muf v mawmh &G m xJ u cif r if o l a wG u yZif ; vl x G u f vl y sKd B uD ; td r f a xmif r jyKao;bl v m;? tdrfaxmifjyKcsif vdkYvlxGufvmwm r[kwf vm;? tdrfaxmif rjyKjzpf&ifvJ &[ef;jyef0wf aygYvdkY0dkif;0ef; ajymMuawmh armifvSodef;u ][aumif a wG & vl y sKd B uD ; b0 uRwf v G w f a tmif yg&rD j znh f b uf rd e f ; r wpfa, mufawmh vdkcsifom;uG}vdkYajymo wJh/ 'gjzihf bmjyKvdkY r,lao;wmvJvdkY quf ar;awmh? [aumifawG& igYudk bkef;BuD;b0 uvd k bk & m;cef ; ? td r f O D ; cef ; rS m xm;NyD ; a&toihf? xrif;yGJtoifhjzpfatmif &SmazG auR;arG;r,fh rdef;rrsKd;&SmazGrawGUao;vdkY rdef;r r,lEkdifao;wmaygYuG} vdkYajymowJh/ ,ck v J b J a rmif v mb u armifvSodef; rdef;rr,lao;ovdk a&uef toih f ? ausmif ; toih f ausmif ; OD ; cef ; rS m tcefYom; ae&r,fhyHk ray:vdkY ausmif;rxdkif wmaygYuG,f? rif;rxdkifcsifawmhvJ aemuf wpfyg; &Sm&ao; wmaygY} [k rdefYMum;&m udk&ifOD;yZif; ausmif;om;rsm;rSm OD;vmbudk Munh f N yD ; waomaom &,f a rmMuav awmhonf/ cif o l Z mjrih f

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

"r®uxdu q&mpdefrS tESpfwpf&mrrSdefwJh q&mBuD;acwå&mpdeftaMumif; '*k Hq &mxG e f ;

"r®uxduq&mBuD; tESpfwpf&m rrSdefwJh acwå&mpdefonf jynfc½kdif? oJukef; NrKdU tb OD;xGef;wif? trd a':aiG&ifwkdYrS arG;zGm;NyD; ZeD;jzpfolrSm a':a&Tjzpfonf/ om;orD; ckepfa,muf&Sdonf/ &efukefNrKdU? ajrmufOuúvmyNrKdUe,fwGif aexkdifvsuf&Sd onf / q&mBuD;onf arG;&yfajr jynfc½kdif? oJukef;NrKdUrS touf(16)ESpfom;t&G,fwGif rEÅav;NrKUd odYk a&muf&o dS mG ;Ny;D (pmajym? uGuf pd y f ) ynm&S i f B uD ; q&m&D x H w G i f tvk y f ta<u;jyKvsuf (pmajym? uGufpdyf) ynmrsm; oif,cl o hJ nf/ q&mBu;D q&m&D\ q&mjzpf olrSm q&mBuD; armifarmifOjzpfygonf/ rif;wkef;rif;BuD;ESihf aqGrsKd;awmfpyfoljzpfNyD; ½kyfacsm? toHaumif;? pmayynm&SifBuD; wpfOD;jzpfaMumif; rEÅav;aejynfawmfwGif (pmajym? uG u f p d y f ? r*F v mbd o d u f ) jzih f eef;wGif;tokH;awmfcHvsuf wpfacwfqef; ausmfMum;cJholjzpfonf/ q&m&D o nf rd r d q &m\ t&nf tcsif;ukd rrDaomfvnf; q&mBuD;q&m&D wpf a cwf w G i f jref r mEk d i f i H a wmf t wG i f ; ,Of a us;rI t Ek y nmjzih f ausmf M um;cJ h & m ¤if;ESihftwl ausmfMum;ol (5)OD; ay:xGef;cJh onf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm twkdaumuftm;jzihf (pdef? aA? &D? <u,f? ausm)h wdjYk zpfNy;D pdef qko d rl mS Zmwfrif;om;BuD; zkd;pdefBuD;jzpfaMumif;? aA qko d rl mS qkid ;f q&mBu;D pdeaf A'g? &D qko d rl mS pmajym? uGufpdyf q&m&D? <u,f qkdolrSm r*Fvmbdou d q f &mBu;D <u,fEiS fh ausmh qko d l rSm ½kyfao;q&mBuD; OD;bausmhjzpfaMumif; od&ygonf/ q&mBu;D acwå&mpdeo f nf pmajym? uG u f p d y f r*F v mbd o d u f twwf y nm wwfuRrf;vmaomtcg q&mBuD;q&m&DESihf wGJzufí rEÅav;NrKdUe,frS e,fvSnhfuGufpdyf w&m;yG J r sm; a[mMum;vsuf & S d c J h a Mumif ; ? wpfaeYaomtcg rEÅav;NrKdUwGif; uGufpdyf w&m;yGJusif;yNyD; ('k|*grPd) ZmwfxkyfBuD;ukd q&mBuD; acwå&mpdefrS a[mMum;onhftcg e,f c sJ U t*F v d y f tpk d ; &tmPmyk d i f w k d Y u

ydwfyifwm;jrpfvkduf onf/ xkdtcg rEÅav; NrKdUolNrKdUom;wdkY\ trsKd;om;a&;pdwf"gwfjzihf rcH r &yf E k d i f j zpf u m tES p f w pf & mrrS d e f w J h acwå&mpdef qkdonhftrnfukd a<u;ausmf cJhojzihf emrnfausmfMum; vlodrsm;cJhonf/ xkdrSwpfzef q&mBuD;acwå&mpdef onf eH a ,mq&mawmf B uD ; xH w G i f pwk bk r ® d u ? orx? 0d y óemw&m;awmf usih f p Of r sm;uk d wynh f c H o if , l í wwf ajrmuf o nh f t cg "r® u xd u q&mpd e f trnf j zih f pwk b k r ® d u w&m;usih f p Of usrf ; pmtk y f r sm; jyKpk a &;om;jzef Y a 0 vsuf e,f v S n h f "r® uxd u q&mpd e f trnf j zih f w&m;a[mMum;jcif ; ? w&m; jyjcif;rsm; aqmif&GufcJhonf/ q&mBuD ; onf rdom;pkwdkYESihftwl rEÅav;rS &efukef? ajrmufOuúvmyNrKdUe,fodkY (1963) ckESpfwGif ajymif;a&TUaexkdifcJhonf/ jrefrmh toHwGif (pmajym? uGufpdyf? Zmwfajym) toHvTihf a[mjcif;ukd tBudrfaygif;rsm;pGm a[mMum; cJh&m pmayynm&SifBuD; (OD;*kPf bPf)rS q&mpde\ f pmawGrmS tvGeaf umif; onf/ raysmuf y suf a tmif wynf h r sm;arG ; um vufqihfurf;tarGay;apcsifonf [laom arwå m &yf c H c suf a Mumif h (usKd u f v wf q&mausm?f ref;{&m '*kq H &mxGe;f ? wGaH w; r*Fvm q&m&deS ?f &wemykH q&mvS? [Hom 0wD q&m&if? 0g;BuD;tkdif q&mqkdif) wdkY (6)OD;ukd uGufpdyf? pma[mynm oifay;cJh onf/ tqkdygwynhfrsm;u jrefrmhtoHrS uG u f p d y f Z mwf a [muk d pOf q uf r jywf a[mMum;vsuf&SdMuygonf/ q&mBuD ; onf pmajymuG u f p d y f ynmuk d (16)ES p f o m;rS p í xl ; cRef w wf ajrmuf x m;ol j zpf o nf / q&mBuD ; armif armifO? q&m&Dw\ Ydk Zmwfxyk rf sm;ukd (tm*kH EI w f ` rG u f t oH x G u f ) &&S d x m;ol j zpf j cif ; aMumih f q&mBuD ; xH Zmwf x k y f a [m&ef awmif ; cH o nh f t cg pmvG w f a jymonf u k d tjref v k d u f í a&;&ygonf / wynh f r sm;u wpf c gwpf & H pmrMunh f b J tvG w f a &;& ojzih f ygVd r sm;rS m ;aernf p k d ; í apm'u

wufrdonhftcg vQmr&SnfESihf? ihgudkzwfjy toH x G u f r S e f a tmif o if a y;rnf [ k qk d y g onf/ a&S;tcgu igwdYk 'Dynmuko d if&wm toHaumif;atmif pOhftkd;wGif acgif;ikyfí toHukefatmf[pfoifMum; &aMumif;rsm;ukd rSwfom;zG,f ajymjyygonf/ 'Dynmudk ig wwfajrmufatmif BuKd;pm;rnf[k oEéd|mefcsxm;yg/ Zmwfxkyf a[m&rSmcufí ajymonhftcgrsm;rSmvnf; pmuk d aMunuf a tmif rsm;rsm;zwf y g/ oabmrayguf&if ar;yg/ pmrsm;rsm;zwf awmh oabmayguf e m;vnf v mrnf [ k wynhfrsm;tm; oifMum;ay;cJhonf/ armif armifO? q&m&D? acwå&mpdef jyKpka&;om; cJah om a&S;a[mif; pmrlrsm;teuf tcsKUd pmrl rsm; q&mBuD ; r&S d o nh f a emuf jcuk d u f í ysufpD;qkH;½IH;cJh&onf/ wynhfrsm;jzpfonhf usKdufvwfq&mausmf? ref;{&m '*kHq&m xG e f ; ? wH G a w;r*F v mq&m&S d e f w d k Y x H w G i f uGufpdyfpmrla[mif;tcsKdUom usef&Sdygawmh onf / a&S;acwfjrefrmwdYk Bu;D yGm;csr;f omyk?H tqih f t wef ; ES i h f ,Of a us;rI j rih f r m;yk H u k d q&mpdef\atmufazmfjyyg a[mMum;csuf ukd axmuf½Ií odEkdifygonf/ ]]wd k i f u awmh ? ,raeom;? avS c g;u qyf o 0g? rvyf y gatmif yG w f v k H ; awG e J Y ? txG # f t zk H ; xnh f w mu eHYomeD? o&zD? ubef;wifvdkY tcef;wGif uwd k ; woef Y ? trk d ; tuef Y t umuawmh taMumf p H y g? tay:rS m &H w mu? yef ; w½k w f p um;? tcef ; rk c f w H c g;u y'kr®m? xkHeHYom jywif;aygufawGeJY y&if; tajymuf aea&mif u miJ h j yif ? avS c g; ajr§ m if t wG i f ; rS m awmh oZif ? cif ; }} ponf j zih f jref r mh , Of a us;rI u k d xif & S m ; apygonf/ jrefrmh½kd;&m? ,Ofaus;rI? pmajym uGufpdyfZmwfajyma[mMum;vkdonfh rsKd;quf opf? wufopfpvli,frsm; tcrJhoifMum; ay;rnfjzpfaMumif; owif;aumif;yg;vkdufyg onf / pmrsufESm 38 odkY

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS "r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

,H k M u nf r I rsKd;jrihf(atmifvH)

"r®rdwfaqG- wlav;? wlrav;wdkYa&../ avmurSm avmuDa&;&mudpaö wGyJ jzpfjzpf? avmukwå&mudpöyJjzpfjzpf? jyKvkyf aqmif&GufMu&mrSm ]],HkMunfrI}} u tvGef ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ tjcm;bmom0ifawGu vnf ; ,H k M unf r I u d k t"d u tcsuf t aeeJ Y a[majympnf;½Hk;Muygw,f/ bk&m;ocifudk ,HMk unfí w&m;vrf;xJü vdu k af vQmufaom ol w d k Y o nf aumif ; uif \ tvif ; uJ h o d k Y xGef;vif;rnfvdkY ,HkMunfMuw,fwJhuG,fh/ avmuDa&;qdik &f mtvkyaf wGxrJ mS qd&k ifawmh ta&;tBu;D qH;k u pDrcH efcY jJG cif; (MANAGEd tdrrf mS rdom;pkukd MENT) jzpfygw,f/ rdr\ pDrHtkyfcsKyfwmyJjzpfjzpf? tvkyfxJrSm ukrÜPD vkyif ef;rSm pDrcH efcY w JG myJjzpfjzpfayhg/ pDrcH efcY JG jcif;twwfynm[m rygrNyD;qdkovdk t"du usaewmyg/ pD r H c ef Y c G J r I ruRrf ; usif & if b,fae&mrSmyJjzpfjzpf? uaomufua&mufeYJ td;k eif;cGuef if;jzpfawmhwmygyJ/ tJ'D pDrcH efcY JG rI&UJ tajccHtw k jf rpf[m ]],HMk unfr}I } jzpfw,f vdkY ynm&SifwdkYu tqd&k ydS gw,f/ tzGJUtpnf; wkdif;rSm ,Ofaus;rI (CULTURE) &Sw d ,fvYkd qdyk gw,f/ tdrrf mS 'Dvdkae? 'Dvdkxdkif? 'Dvdkajym? 'Dvdkpm;qdkwJh tdrpf nf;urf;[m tJ't D rd f&JU ,Ofaus;rIayhg/ ½Hk;rSmqdk&ifvnf; 'D0wfpHkudk0wf/ 'Dtvkyfudk vkyfqdkwJh ½Hk;pnf;urf;? ukrÜPDrSmqdk&ifvnf; 'D v d k 0 wf y g? 'D v d k a eyg? 'D v d k a jymygqdkwJh ukrÜPDpnf;urf;? tJ'DowfrSwcf sufawG[m

oufqdkif&mtoD;oD;&JU ,Ofaus;rIawGygyJ/ rd r d w d k Y & J U ,Of a us;rI a wG u d k vk d u f e mNyD ; ? atmifjrifatmifvkyfEdkifzdkYu ]],HkMunfrI}} &S d & ef v d k t yf y gw,f / vd k & if ; ajym&&if twGi;f ^tjyif ,HMk unfru I w kd nfaqmufEdkifrS pD r H c ef Y c G J r I a tmif j rif v d r f h r ,f v d k Y qd k v d k csif w myg/ twG i f ; ,H k M unf r I (rd r d t d r f o l ? tdrfom;^ rdrd0efxrf;) ESifh tjyif,HkMunfrI (jyifyqufqrH ^I pm;oH;k ol^y&dowf) ESpOf ;D ESpfzufckdifrmrSom atmifjrifrI&&SdMurSmyg/ wl? wlrav;wdkYa&../ avmuk w å & mtaeeJ Y a jym&&if ,HkMunfrIu ydNk y;D ta&;ygwmayhgaemf/ ,HMk unf rIqw kd m ygVdv-kd o'¨gpdwf (o'¨gw&m;) ygyJ/ b,f b momrS m yJ j zpf j zpf ? rd r d u d k ; uG , f & m bmomw&m;tay:rSm tjynhft0? tav; teuf,HkMunfrI&Sd&ygr,f/ i&Jusjcif;^ rus jcif;? ewfjynfa&mufjcif;^ ra&mufjcif;? w&m;odjcif;^ rodjcif;wdkY[m olwpfyg;&JU tajymta[maMumihrf [kwb f ?J rdru d , kd w f idk f ,HMk unfr&I jdS cif;^ r&Sjd cif;/ a&Smifjcif;^ ra&Smif jcif;/ usihfjcif;^ rusihfjcif;qdkwmawGrSmom rlwnfaeygw,f/ w&m;"r® q d k w m trsm;xif o vd k usih f & ef ? od & ef - tif r wef c uf c J v S o nf r[kwyf g/ pmwwf- aywwf? bGUJ &Ny;D rS w&m; odjrifEdkifonf[kvnf; owfrSwfcsufr&Sdyg/ t"d u vd k t yf c suf r S m - rd r d u d k , f w k d i f ,HkMunfrI&SdzdkYESihf olawmfaumif;pdwfarG;zdkY

jzpf y gw,f / ,aeY r suf a rS m uf u mvrS m vlawG[m wefc;kd &Si?f w&m;&Si?f olawmfpif &aoh ? yk * ¾ d K vf x l ; qd k w mawG u d k ,H k M unf udk;uG,fNyD; MunfndKrIawG tvGeftuRHjyK wwfMuygw,f/ 'DvlawG[m w&m;"r®udk ,HkMunfudk;uG,faewmawmh r[kwfEdkifyg/ tJ'Dwefcdk;&Sif? w&m;&SifawGudk trSDjyKNyD; avmuDtusdK;pD;yGm;udk arQmfvihfwyfrufae MuwmyJ jzpf y gw,f / vd k & if ; ajym&&if csrf;omcsifMuvdkYjzpfEkdifygw,f/ 'Dvdk vlpm;rsdK;awG[m aoEdkifwJh r&Pumv eD;pyfr/I ao&if b0ul;aumif; Edkif^ raumif;Edkif/ b0ul;aumif;atmif ukov kd ?f 'ge? bm0empwJh yg&rDtvkyrf sKd ;udk b,fvdkvkyf&rvJqdkwmawGudk awG;&aumif; rSef;yif odrnfrxifyg/ jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu ]]ur®0dygaum tpdaEÅa,m}} [k a[mMum; awmfrlygw,f/ ]]uHudkrod? rjrif? rBuHpnf EdkifMuyg}} [lí jrwfpGmbk&m;u vrf;ñTef jyocJhygw,fuG,f/ "r®rw d af qG- wlav;? wlrav;wdaYk &/ avmukwå&mqdkwJh bmoma&;[m tqiht f wef;&Sw d hJ vlom;wdik ;f ç tqiht f wef; &SdvdkwJh vlwkdif;twGuf r&Sdrjzpfvdktyfonhf ta&;tBuD ; qH k ; t&mwpf c k j zpf y gw,f / bmoma&;udk vH;k 0ypfy,fxm;wJo h ?l bmom a&;ud k tav;teuf r xm;wJ h o l a wG [ m b,f v d k e nf ; eJ Y r S tqif h t wef ; &S d w J h o l ? BuD;us,fjrihfjrwfwJhvl jzpfrvmEdkifygbl;/ bmoma&;rSm rsm;rsm; rvdkufemEkdif&ifaeyg/ ]]raumif ; rI a &S m if ? aumif ; rI a qmif ? jzLatmif pdwfudkxm;}} qdkwJh Ak'¨jrwfpGm bk & m;&J U tqH k ; trpum;ud k vd k u f e m usihfoHk;Mu&ifawmifrS vlawmfvlaumif; wpf a ,muf j zpf v mrS m yg/ ]]rowf ? rcd k ; ? rrS m ;? rnm? raomuf}} qd k w J h ig;yg;oD v ud k NrJ N rH p G m aqmuf w nf E k d i f M u&if tyg,f w H c g; ydwfEkdifMuygNyD/ 'gaMumihf jrwfpGmbk&m;&JU tqH k ; tra'oemawmf u d k ,H k M unf M uzd k Y vdkygw,f/ wlav;? wlrav;wdkYa&pmrsufESm 9 odkY

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

qif;&Jjcif;qkdwm bmvJ/ 'Dtajz ud k taxG t xl ; ajymzk d Y v k d r ,f r xif y gbl ; / vlwdkif;odMuygw,f/ qif;&Jjcif;qkdwm ygVd vkd ]]'ku©}} qkdwmukdvnf; tm;vkH;odxm;Mu NyD;jzpfygw,f/ bmjzpfvkdYvJqkdawmh 'ku© qkw d hJ ygVdpum;[m [k;d tpOftqufuwnf; u jrefrmpum;xJukd wGifwGifus,fus,f 0if a &muf v mwmrk d Y tcuf t cJ ? tMuyf twnf;? 'Pf&mtemw& cHpm;rIawGBuKH vmNyDqkd&if ]]'ku©? 'ku©}} vkdY nnf;nLwwf Muygw,f/ b,folrS qif;&Jjcif;qkdwJh'ku© ukd tvkdr&SdMuygbl;/ tcsKdUvlBuD;olrawGu i,f&G,fol awGukd qk;H rwwfMuygw,f/ ]]rif;wdYk wpfcck k jzpfvm&if 'ku© 'ku© vkdY rnnf;nLMuprf;eJY uGm? ynwfoGm;&m "gwfoufygwwfw,f/ 'ku©vdkY yg;pyfuajymwJhtwkdif; wu,fvnf; 'ku©a&mufoGm;wwfw,f}} tJhovdk tqkH; tr rsKd ; uk d uRef a wmh f b BuD ; ^baxG ; awG vnf; qkH;rajymqkdcJhwmygyJ/ [kdwpfcsdefwkef; uawmh 'DqkH;rpum;tay:rSm bmrS a0zef rIawG rvkyfcJhygbl;/ tJ - ck a wmh bBuD ; ^baxG ; awG

vnf; uG,fvGefukefMuygNyD/ uRefawmfvnf; toufuav;enf;enf;&vmawmh bmom a&;buf u k d tenf ; i,f , d r f ; vmcJ h w ,f / uk, d afh &SUrSm uk, d x fh ufBu;D olawGa&m? i,fol awGyg aoaewmjrif&awmh trSeftwkdif; ajym&&if aMumufvmwmayhg/ aMumufw,f qk d w mvnf ; ]]oH a 0*ÓPf } } ac:wmyg/ 'gaMumihf Ak'p¨ mayawGukd avhvm? avhvm awmh rawmufwacgufod&Sdvm? od&Sdvm awmh owd y |mef a v;bmav; (rajymy avmufygbl;) ½Irw S ?f ½Irw S af wmh 'kuo © pöm? ork',opöm? eda&m"opöm? r*¾opöm? opöm av;yg;ukd a&;a&;av; a,mifa,mifav; em;vnfoabmaygufcJh&ygw,f/ 'Dawmh wpfcsdefwkef;u bBuD;^baxG;awGajymcJhwJh ]]'ku© 'ku©vdkYrajym&? rnnf;nL&bl;}} qkdwm ukd ckcsdefrSm vufrcHEkdifawmhbl;av/ jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu 'ku©opömukd tcsdefwdkif;yGm;rsm;&r,fwJh/ owå0gawG &&Sd vmMuwJh ½kyef mrfcE¨m (5)yg;[m 'kuo © pöm (qif;&Jjcif;trSefw&m;)yJwJh/ t&rf;udk rSef wmayhg/ Ówy&dnm ac:wJh todw&m;eJY wd&Py&dnm ac:wJh vufawGUtusiw fh &m;

aygif;pyfvkduf&if v,fjyifrSm qifoGm;ovdk txift&Sm; ÓPfrsufpdeJY ukd,fwdkif odjrif EkdifrSmyg/ tcsdefwkdif; cPwkdif; cPwkdif; jzpfNyD;ysufaewJh tedpöoabm? jzpfNyD;ysuf aewJh oabm[m csrf;omjcif;vkdY qkdEkdif rvm;/ b,fvrdk S qkv d rYdk &ygbl;/ csr;f om&,f vdYk b,fae&mrS &SmazGvrYkd &wJh 'kuo © abm/ igr[kwf? twår[kwf? olYtaMumif;eJY olY tusK;d wpfppHk D wpfppHk jD zpfNy;D ysuaf ew,f/ wnfNrJatmif bmrSvkyfvdkYr&? bmrS tpkd; r&wJ h tewå o abm/ 'gaMumih f oaAÁ ocFg&m tedpmö ? oaAÁocFg&m 'kum© ? oaAÁ "r®m tewåmvdkY jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum; awmfrlcJhygw,f/ rk d ; uk w f q &mawmf b k & m;BuD ; u vnf; 'ku©opöm (qif;&Jjcif;trSefw&m;)ukd r*¾opöm (tusihfrSef^vrf;rSef) jzihf ykdif;jcm; ½IrSwf&if ork',opöm ('ku©jzpfaMumif; w&m;) awG y,fomG ;Ny;D eda&m"opöm ('ku© csKyfaMumif;w&m;^edAÁmef)ukd rsufarSmufjyK Ekid w f ,fvYdk a[mMum;cJyh gw,f/ 'g 'kuo © pöm ukd ykdif;jcm;NyD; odrSjzpfwJhudpö/ 'ku©ukdawmh vlwkdif;odaeMuwmygyJ/ avmuvlom;awG odaeMuwJ'h u k u © o dk modvYkd w&m;&r,fq&dk if aq;½kaH y:u vlemawG? i&Jom;awG t&ifq;Hk av;r*fav;zkdvf &ukefMurSmayhg/ Munhfygvm;/ xa&orm; (xef;a& orm;) taomufvGefNyD; ]]trav; rl;vkduf wm? awmfNyD aemufqkdb,fawmhrS xa& (xef;a&)ukd raomufawmhbl;/ 'ku©yJ tar a& vkyfygOD;? u,fygOD;}} eJY atmhtefvdkY atmfcsi&f matmf? ajymcsi&f majymawmhwmyJ/ rl;wJ'h u k u © dk cHvu dk &f wJh 'Dxa&orm; w&m; &oGm;wmvm;? r&ygbl;/ tcsdefwefawmh vnf; xEkdY (xef;&nf) armhMunhfwmygyJ/ 'DvkdyJ aq;½kHay:u rD;zGm;aewJh ukd,f0ef aqmifonfawG ]]trav; emw,f emw,f tara& u,fygOD;? 'DvkdrSef;od&if cav; r,lcyhJ gbl;/ 'kuy© gyJtar&,f}} eJY atmf[pf nnf;nLaeMuwm/ tJ'Dukd,f0efaqmifonf awG 'ku©udk aumif;aumif;BuD; odvkduf&vkdY w&m;&oGm;vm;? a0;ygao;w,f/ tcsed w f ef

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

awmhvnf; tif;? b,fvkdajymrvJ tcsdefwef awmhvnf; xEkdY(xef;EkdY) armhMunfhwmygyJ av/ 'gaMumihf avmurSm trsm;tm; jzihf ac:a0:ajymqkdxifrSwfaeMuwJh 'ku©ukd ]]ynwf'u k }© } vdYk ac:ygw,f/ ]]y&rwf'u k }© } r[kwfygbl;/ wpfenf;ajymawmh 'ku©opöm (qif;&Jjcif;trSef) r[kwfygbl;/ avmurSm yku d q f rH &Sv d Ykd qif;qif;&J&aJ e&wm/ rsurf jrif em;rMum;? ajcusKd;vufjywf 'ku©dw jzpf&vkdY qif;&Jaewm/ Akdufatmifh? acgif;ukduf? cg; ukduf? avemxvdkY cHpm;&wm/ aoG;xGuf oH,kd ½kwfw&uf xdckdufrIawGtm;vkH;[m 'kuo © pöm (qif;&Jjcif;trSew f &m;) r[kwyf g/ ]]'ku©a0'em}} vkdYom ac:&ygw,f/ 'ku©a0'em&JU'ku©opömukd uGJuGJ jym;jym; ykdif;jcm;NyD;odzdkY txl;vkdtyfvSyg d q f if;&Jr)I ? apwod w,f/ um,du'ku© (uk, u'ku© (pdwfqif;&JrI)awGtm;vkH;[m 'ku© a0'emygyJ / 'k u © o pö m (qif ; &J j cif ; trS e f w&m;) qkdwmuawmh 'ku©opömrSm teuf oabm (4)csuf&Sdygw,f/ (1) ocFwoabm- ol Y t "d y Ü g ,f u awmh olY[moljzpfEkdifwJhowådr&Sd? taMumif;w&m; awG pkaygif;NyD; axmufyHhrS jzpfEkdifw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/ (2) 0dy&demroabm- olYt"dyÜg,fuawmh jzpf j cif ; oabmuae ysuf j cif ; oabmuk d azmufjyefoGm;wmukd ac:ygw,f/ (3)yd V eoabm- tES d y f p uf c H a e&wJ h oabm ukd qkyd gw,f/ (4) oEÅmyoabm- ylyefae&wJhoabmvdkY qkdygw,f/ 'D'ku©opöm teufoabm(4)csuf u t[k w f w u,f {uef r S e f w J h y&rwf w&m;wkdif;rSm&Sdw,f/ y&rwfw&m; (4)yg; jzpfwhJ pdw?f apwodu?f ½ky?f edAmÁ efrmS edAmÁ ef uawmh tocFwe,frkdY vGwfoGm;NyD; ryg awmhbl;/ pdwf? apwoduf? ½kyfawGrSmawmh 'D'ku©opömteufoabm(4)csuf tNrJ&Sdae w,f/ tJ'x D u J pdww f pfcu k dk Munf&h atmif/ usefwJhpdwfawGukd xm;yg? jrifpdwfuav; wpfckukd wkdif;wmMunhf&atmif/ 'D r suf p d (rsuf p d t Munf " gwf ) ? tvif ; ? tqif ; ? reod u m& qk d w J h taMumif ; w&m;(4)yg; raygif ; qH k c if u

jrifpdwfqkdwm rjzpfao;ygbl;/ aygif;qkHrdrS jzpfvmwmyg/ ykHpHjy&&if yef;uefvkH;av; wpfvkH;ukd wkwfeJYacgufvkdufr,f/ ]awmif} qkdwJh toHjrnfvmw,f/ yef;uefvkH;qkdwm ynwf? toH[m y&rwf? 'DtoH[m yef;uef vkH;xJrSm tNrJ&Sdovm;/ tNrJb,frSm&SdrSmvJ? jrnfNyD;wmeJY aysmufoGm;wmayhg/ 'Dawmh toHu yef;uefvkH;eJY wkwfrxdcifuvnf; r&Sd? xdNyD;jyef&ifvnf; r&Sd/ xdqJ ypöKyÜef cPrSmom jzpfaewm/ jrifpdwfeJY [yfMupdkY? ]]rsufpd}} u yef;uefvkH;eJYwlw,f/ ½lyg½kH tqif;u wkwfeJYwlw,f/ ta&miftvif; u vufeJYwlw,f/ (ESvkH;oGif;rI) reoDum& u tm;xkwfrI (wD;rI) eJYwlw,f/ jrifpdwfu toHeJYwlw,f/ toH[m ypöKyÜefcPrSmom &Sdovdk jrifpdwf[mvnf; rsufpd? tqif;? tvif;? reoDum&wdkY aygif;qkHNyD; axmufyHh wJh ypöKyÜefcPrSmom&Sdwm/ tNrJwrf; &Sd raebl;/ 'Doabmukd ocFwoabm vdkY ac:ygw,f / ol Y [ mol j zpf E k d i f w J h o wå d r &S d ? taMumif;w&m;awG pkaygif;NyD; axmufyHhrS jzpfEkdifw,fvkdY qkdw,f/ 'g ocFwoabm? aemuf 0dy&dPmroabmudk oGm;&atmif/ 'Drsufpduvnf; tyleJYawGUvkduf? eDvkduf? tat;eJYawGUvkduf jzLvkdufeJY azmuf jyefwwfwJh taMumif;w&m;awG axmufyHh vkdY jzpfay:vm&wJh jrifpdwf[m b,frSm razmufjyefbJ aeyghrvJ/ jrifpdwf[m jzpf ay:vmNy;D &if tNrw J rf;&S&d UJ vm;/ rsupf rd w dS ?f rsufawmifcwfvkdufwmeJY csKyfoGm;wmygyJ/ 'Dvkdjzpfjcif; (Oyg'f)oabmuae ysufjcif; (bif) oabmukd azmufjyefysufpD;oGm;wm ukd 0dy&dPmroabm vkdYac:ygw,f/ uJ yDVeoabmudk oGm;&atmif/ cyfow k o f w k f yJayhgAsm/ yD V eqk d w m tES d y f p uf c H a e&wJ h oabmudkajymwm/ b,fvkd tESdyfpufcHae &ovJq&dk if 'Djrifpw d [ f m jzpfrq I w dk hJ Zmwd ab;? &ihfrIac:wJh Z&mab;? ysufrIac:wJh r&Pab; tJ'Dab;okH;yg;aMumihf wnfwHh cGihfr&bJ 'DokH;yg;&JU tESdyftpufukd cHae& w,f/ 'g[m yDVeoabm yg/ oEÅ m yoabm qk d w muawmh ylyefae&wJhoabmyg/ Oyrm- &yfuGufxJ rS m ol c k d ; "g;jyawG & S d a e&if pd w f c svuf c s rtdyfEkdifbJ igwdkYtdrfrsm; vmrvm;[hJqkdNyD;

ylyefae&ovkdayhg/ pdwf? apwoduf? ½kyf qkdwJh ocFg&w&m;awGrSm b,fw&m;yJjzpf jzpf (ocFw? yDVe? 0dy&dPmr) ok;H yg; ygae wJ h t wG u f tk d a b;? emab;? aoab;uk d tNrJylyefae&w,f/ ylvdkYa&m &ovm;qkd d m? emwm? aowm ygyJ/ awmh r&ygbl;/ tkw tJ h o vd k yl y ef a e&wJ h o abmud k oEÅ m y oabm vkdY ac:ygw,f/ 'g jrif p d w f u av;wpf c k u d k y J wkdif;wmMuwmyg/ b,fpdwfyJjzpfjzpf? b,f apwoduyf jJ zpfjzpf? b,f½yk yf jJ zpfjzpf? 'D'u k © opö m &J U teuf o abmav;csuf ygaeyg w,f / q&mawmf? oHCmawmfrsm; w&m; a[m&if 'geuxm? oDvuxm? o*¾uxm avmufeJY&yfraebJ ('um^'umrtBuKduf rvku d b f )J 'kuo © pömw&m; rsm;rsm;Bu;D a[m ay;apcsifygw,f/ vlawGuvnf; 0dyóem w&m;qkd ysif;Muw,f/ trsm;tm;jzihf &[ef; yk*¾KdvfawGuvnf; 'um? 'umrtBuKduf vkdufNyD; a[mwwfMuw,f/ 'um? 'umr tBuKu d v f u dk w f idk ;f raumif;yg/ 'um? 'umr tBuKdufvkdufNyD; ajymrdvkdY &[ef;wpfyg; 'ku© a&mufzl;w,f/ ajym&OD;r,f/ jrefrmjynfatmufykdif;? {&m0wD wk d i f ; a'oBuD ; u &G m wpf & G m rS m tysKd B uD ; okH;a,mufu &[ef;wpfyg;ukd yihfzdwfNyD; 0gqko d uFe;f uyfwmayhg/ w&m;awG bmawG a[mNyD ; qG r f ; uyf a wmh qG r f ; [if ; awG u pkHaewmyJ/ tJ'DxJu rS aygufyGifhokwfukdyJ bkef;BuD;u EIdufEIduf bkOf;ay;w,f/ ]]t&S i f b k & m;? ayguf y G i f h o k w f aumif;vm; bk&m;}} ]]at;- aumif;w,fuGJU? OD;Zif;wdkY txuftnmrSm pm0gvkdufwkef;u tJ'DrSm aygufyiG o fh w k f cPcPpm;&w,f? OD;Zif;u aygufyGihfokwfqkd odyfBudKufwm}} ]]t&Sifbk&m; 'gqkd txufayguf yGihfeJY atmufaygufyGihf b,f[maumif;vJ}} ]][Jh- atmufaygufyGihfu aumif; wmayhg}} vkdY 'umrawGtBuKduf vkdufNyD; ajymrdawmh b,fvkdt"dyÜg,faumufoGm; Muw,f r od b l ; / 'umrok H ; a,muf wpf a,mufrsuEf mS wpfa,mufMunhNf y;D ½SL;½SL;&S&J JS eJY tdrfcef;xJ0ifoGm;Muw,f/ jyefxGufrvm awmhbl;/ tdrfa&SUrSm OD;yÍöif;wpfyg;wnf;

DHAMMA VIRA FOR ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfonf/

igajymwm bmrsm;rSm;vdkYvJvkdY jyefpOf;pm; Munhfwmayhg/ b,folrS xGufrvmwmeJY vSLvkdufwJh ouFef;ykdufNyD; jyefcJh&owJh/ 'gaMumifh 'um? 'umr tBuKduf vkdufNyD; ajymwkdif;a[mwkdif; aumif;wm r[kw/f uJ- xm;yg/ 'Dawmhum qif;&Jjcif; trSefudkodzkdY ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ 'ku©opöm odrS ork',uGmrSm? ork',uGmrS edAÁmef &rSm/ t&if;rlvu 'ku©opömukd odzdkYygyJ/ 'k u © o pö m uk d od y gNyD / b,f v k d o d w mvJ / tajymod? ta[mod? pmodvm;/ usihfBuH pmrsuf E S m 14 rS þae&mü y"metm;jzih f od a ptyf \ / rnfolrqdk aysmf&Tifjcif;\ t&if; tjrpfukd pifMu,fap&ef r&Guaf qmifEikd af o; orQumvywfvHk; aysmf&Tifjcif;udk vdkvm;Mu rnftrSefjzpf\/ odkYaomf aysmf&Tifjcif;onf &v'ftaejzihf t½I;H r&Sad p&efEiS hf rGejf rwfaom oabmvu©Pmrsm; yg0ifap&ef *½kjyKoihf yg\/ trsm;pkjzpfaom avmuom;wdkYonf t0d Z Æ m tarS m if z H k ; vT r f ; aeaomaMumif h rSefuefaom tawG;tjrifrsm;udk wl;qGrd&ef cJ,Of;vsuf&Sd\/ aysmf&Tifjcif;udk&&Sda&;onf y"me usonf[k rSwf,lygvQif raysmf&TifrIudk &&Sd aprnh f raumif ; rI r sm;rS a&S m if M uOf o ih f aMumif; qufpyfawG;ac:Edkif\/ ,if;aMumihf rw&m;rI E S i f h rrQwrI [ l a om avmu\ tEkwv f u©Pmrsm;udkvnf; avsmhcsEdkifyg\/ q&ma'0'wf\ tBuHay;csuft& opömESirfh ,SOaf om aysm&f iT jf cif;udk opömESifh

tm;xkwfrIaMumifh od&SdvmwJh vufawGUod vm;/ udavomy,freI YJ od&o dS mG ;wJh y,fod vm;/ pmvk d a jym&if a wmh Ówy&d n m? wd&P y&dnm? y[mPy&dnm? 'DokH;yg;rSm Ówy&dnmu ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ todrSefrS tusih f r S e f r ,f / tusih f r S e f r S r*f z k d v f u k d &r,f/ 'Dawmh pcef;okH;oG,frSm Ówy&d nmu pNyD; tpOfwdkif; wufoGm;&rSmyg/ 'k u © a 0'emeJ Y 'k u © o pö m uk d uG J u G J j ym;jym; od&SdzdkY txl;vkdtyfygw,f/ qif;&Jjcif; trSef

w&m;('ku©opöm) ukd wpfjcm;rSm oGm;r&Sm ygeJY/ rdrdcE¨mrSmom&Sif;yg/ ocFwoabm? 0d y &d P mroabm? yD V eoabm? oEÅ m y oabmawGudk uGufuGufuGif;uGif; awGUvm &rS m yg/ pmzwf o l "r® 0 D & y&d o wf r sm; qif;&Jjcif;trSefw&m;ukd &SmazGawGU&SdEkdifMu ygap vkdY qE´jyKvkdufygw,f/ ud k j irf ; (½k u © a A') ñT e f ; - ed A Á m ef u k d o G m ; ÓPf w &m; (er® m ;q&mawmf t &S i f Ó P)

r,SOfaom &J&ihfjcif;jzihf t&,laom tZm wowf o nf ppf r S e f a omaysmf & T i f j cif ; ES i f h a0;cJh&\/ opömESifhr,SOfaomaysmf&Tifjcif;\ aemufu, G w f iG f aomu? y&da'0ESifh aemifw wdkYonf xyfMuyfruGm ygvmwwfNrJ[lí tZmwowfonf b0ESihf&if;&aomtawG; tjrifrsm;udk &&SdcJhyg\/ þae&mü opö m ES i h f r ,S O f a om &J&ihfjcif;[lonf ]]rdkufrJjcif;}} yifjzpf\/ ]]a&T&nfpdrfopömESihf ajrurÇm0,f [ef a qmif j cif ; ES i f h [ef a qmif u if ; rJ h r I u d k cGJjcm;EdkifpGrf;r&SdaomaMumifh rSefuefaom tawG;tjrifrsm;ESifh t½I;H r&Sad om 'óersm; udk &&Sd&efcufcJ\/ ,if;aMumihfyif jrwfEdk; zG,&f mtESpo f m&udk r&&Sb d J urÇmavmurS EIwfqufcGJcGmMu&\/}} ("r®y' *gxm- 11) ppf r S e f a omaysmf & T i f j cif ; onf pdw\ f xde;f csKyrf pI epfrygbJ r&&SEd ikd o f uJo h Y kd raysmf&Tifjcif;udk jzpfaprnhftaMumif;w&m; wdkYudk a&Smif&Sm;jcif;jzihfvnf; ppfrSefaom

aysmf&Tifjcif;udk rvGJraoG &&SdEdkifaMumif; od t yf \ / þae&mwG i f tod y nm\ tultnDrsm;pGm&&Sd&ef vdktyfaMumif;ESifh xdktodynm\ xdef;rwfrIudk vdkufemEdkifpGrf; aom pdwftm;owådvnf; vdktyfaMumif; xyfavmif;odaptyfyg\/ tcsKyftm;jzihf aysmf&Tifjcif;onf b0ES i h f & if ; um avmif ; upm;tyf a om t&mr[kwfonfudkvnf;aumif;? ppfrSef aom aysmf & T i f j cif ; ud k & &S d & ef xd k u f w ef aom ay;qyf r I j zih f rd r d u d k , f r d r d wnf aqmuf & rnf u d k v nf ; aumif ; oabm aygufvQif ppfrSefaom aysmf&Tifjcif;ESihf xd k u f w ef o l [ k qd k E d k i f \ / ppf r S e f a om aysmf & T i f j cif ; ES i h f vS y aomb0wpf c k u d k wnf a qmuf E d k i f y gapaMumif ; qk a wmif ; vsuf/ rSDjirf;- "r®y' yHkawmfpHk "r®y'0w¬KawmfBuD; ('k) (t&Sif"r®omrDbd0Ho) e'D o QH ('óe)

pmrsuf E S m 34 rS usKd u f v wf q &mausmf ? wG H a w; r*Fvmq&m&Sdef? '*kHq&mxGef;? ref;{&m'*kH q&mxGef;? tdrftrSwf (5)? oDw*l(1)vrf;? (2) &yfuu G ?f '*kNH rKUd opf (ta&SUykid ;f )NrKUd e,f? &ef u k e f ta&S U yk d i f ; c½d k i f w G i f vma&muf qufoG,fpkHprf;Ekdifygonf/ Ä jrefrmhtoHwGif qkdif;ESihfa[mvQif usyf (20000) Ä tvGwfa[mvQif csD;jr§ifhaiG usyf(10000)

awmifNrdKqU &mawmfb&k m;BuD;\........tqdtk rderYf sm;rS.... &rnf jzpfonf/ tES p f w pf & mrrS d e f w J h q&mBuD ; acwå&mpdefukd owd&*kPfjyKvsuf rSwfwrf; wifa&;om;tyfygownf;/ twkr&Sd bk&m;&Si\ f w&m;awmfrsm; ukd a[mMum;Muukefaom q&mawmfbk&m; BuD;rsm;ESihf (pmajym? uGufpdyf? Zmwfajym) ynm&SifBuD;rsm;? &[ef;&Sifvl jynfoltaygif; usef;rmcsrf;omMuygap/ '*k Hq &mxG e f ;

oH o &mr&S d b0wpfckxJu t0dZÆmESifh wPSmudkom Ekwfvdkufyg? oH o &m&mqdkwm r&Sdawmhygbl;/ Samsara From an existence (or a life) sbtract avijja (ignorance) and tahna (desire); then there will be no samsara (cycle of existences).

MORAL AND ETHICS

"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

ausmzk H ; rS -

from back cover-

wdk;wufEdkifpGrf;&Sdrnfr[kwfyg/ twef;wGif;ü rnfonfhao;i,faom aqmif&GufrIrsKId;udk rqdk olwwfpGrf;orQ q&mtm; ulnDay;onfhtaejzihf vkyfaqmif ay;jcif;onfvnf; wynhf\ wm0efjzpfonf/ q&mhxHrSoif,lavh vmcJhonfh rnfonfh pm&dwåqdkif&moifcef;pmrsKd;udkrqdk vufawGU trSefwu,f vdkufemusihfoHk;&rnfjzpfonf/ wynhfwpfOD;onf q&mESihf qufqH&mwGif tcsdeftcgtm;vHk;ü ,Ofaus;odrfarGUrIudk jyo&ef arQmfvihfxm;\/ q&mwpfOD;onf olwwfodxm;onfh todynmA[kokw rsm;udk ol\ wynhfjzpfolodkY twwfEkdifqHk; oifMum;ydkYcsay;vdrfh rnf[karQmfvihfxm;&SdMuonf/ taMumif;rSm wynhfonf q&m\ oifjyay;Edkifaom pGrf;&nfay:wGif vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;rSDcdktm;xm;ae &aomaMumihfjzpfonf/ q&monf &Sif;vif;vG,fulatmif oifjy ay;Ekdifrnf[kvnf; arQmfvihfxm;Muonf/ odkYrSom wynhfrsm;u oloifjy onfudk vG,fvG,fulul em;vnfEkdifMurnfjzpfonf/ q&monf wynhftm; todynmay;tyfjcif;tjyif pm&dwåESihf usihf0wfw&m;wdkYudkvnf; oifMum;jyoay;NyD; udk,fusihfaumif; atmif vrf;ñTef ay;&rnfjzpffygonf/ wynfhq&mtMum; aysmf&TifzG,faumif;NyD; atmifjrifaom quf q H a 7;zG H U Nzd K ;&S i f o ef v mq&monf pd w f & S n f r I ? onf ; cH r I E S i h f em;vnf r I w d k Y u d k usih f o H k ; í Muif e mod r f a rG U aom csOf ; uyf r I u d k toHk;jyK&rnfjzpfonf/ þ&nf&G,fcsufrSm tu,fí Ak'¨bmomudk rSefuefpGm avhvmNyD; aumif;pGmvdkufemrnfqdkvQif Ak'¨bmomonf vlYtrsKD; tEG , f u d k yd k í jrif h j rwf a pNyD ; yd k í *k P f o a&&S d a tmif rnf o d k Y vkyfaqmifay;Ekdifonfudk vrf;ñTefazmfaqmifay;&efjzpfyg onf/ Ak ' ¨ b momonf tNrJ w ap tvG e f v uf a wG U usonf h bmomjzpfonf/ vlom;tm; ol\ ywf0ef;usifwGifaexdkifMuolwdkY ESihf rnfodkYjyKrlajymqdkqufqH&rnfudk oifjyay;\/ vlom;tm; ol\ wpfudk,faumif;qefaom vdkcsifwyfrufrIrsm;udk auseyfap rnfh enf;vrf;rsm;udk r&SmazGyJ udk,fusKd;pGefYNyD; &uf&ufa&ma&m pGefYBuJay;urf;vSL'gef;Ekdif? tultnDudk&,lNyD; tultnDay;Ekdif&ef tqifoihfjzpfae&ef/ aus;Zl;w&m;udk odwwfNyD; qkvmbfrsm;udk rarQmfvihfbJ aqmif&Gufvkyfudkif&efudk Ak'¨bmomu oifjyay;\/ tu,f í Ak ' ¨ b momoabmw&m;rsm;ud k acwf o pf vlYabmiftzGJUtpnf;u vufcHusihfoHk;rnfqdkvQif uREfkyfwdkYonf vlYrsKd;EG,ftm; ½dkaoav;pm;xdkufatmif pHerlem,lxdkufatmif jyefvkyfay;EdkifvdrfhOD;rnfjzpfygonf/ "r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmif tjynf j ynf q d k i f & max&0g'Ak ' ¨ w uú o d k v f

service he can perform in the class, to be of assistance to the teacher and to put into autual pracitce whatever ethical lessons he has learnt from the teacher. A pupil is expected to show, at all times, politeness in his dealings with his teacher. A teacher is expected to do his utmost in imprating his knowledge to his pupil, as the pupil depends solely on the capability of a teacher. The teacher is expected to be clear and licid in his explanation so that he can be easily undrestood by the pupil. Apart from imparting knowledge, the teachers is also expected to guide the pupil in his behaviour morally and ethically. The development of a happy and successful relationship between a pupil and a teacher can be achieved by a kind and gentle approach on the part of the teahcer exercising patience, to learn and understanding. The purpose of this book let is to show how Buddhism, if correctly understood and properly followed, can make the human race more noble and degnified. Buddhism has always been a very practical religion which teacher man how to behave in relation to those who live around him. It teachers man not to seek to satisfy his selfish desires only, but to practise generosity: to receive help and to be prepared to give help: to be grateful and to act without expecting rewards. If Buddhist principles one absorbed by modern society, we can yet make the human race respectable and worthy of enulation. -

Dhamma V1ra Thandar Aung ITBM University, Yangon. pmrsuf E S m 35 rS Ak ' ¨ j rwf p G m bk & m;&J U tqH k ; tr? a'oemawmf u d k vk d u f e mMuwJ h Ak ' ¨ b mom0if awG t aeeJ Y bmud, k MkH unfMu&rvJq&kd if- ]]bk&m;? w&m;? oHCmqdw k hJ Ak'?¨ "r®? oHC? o&P*HkoHk;yg;udk ,HkMunfMu&r,f/ o&P*Hk tusdK;w&m; (5) yg;&Syd gw,f/ bmawGvJ qd&k if(1) ab;&ef[o l rQ uif;&Si;f y,fazsmufapEdkifygw,f/ (2) ylyefaomu[lorQ uif;&Sif; y,fazsmufapEdkifygw,f/ (3) pd w f q if ; &J j cif ; ? ud k , f q if ; &J j cif ; wd k Y r S uif ; &S i f ; y,fazsmufapEdkifygw,f/ (4) tyg,f? i&Jusa&mufjcif;rS vGwaf jrmufapEdik yf gw,f/ (5) pd w f n pf E G r f ; jcif ; ? ud k , f n pf E G r f ; jcif ; ? EIwfnpfEGrf;jcif;wdkYrS y,fazsmufapEdkif ygw,fuG,f/ rsd K ;jrih f (atmif v H )

1234567890123456789012345678901212 1234567890123456789012345678901212 1234567890123456789012345678901212 MORAL AND ETHICS 1234567890123456789012345678901212

Moral and Ethical Conduct of a Buddhist (9) Ak'b ¨ momwpfO;D \usi0fh wfou d m© qdik &f m ud, k u f siw hf &m; (9) By. Venerable Dr.K.Sri Dhammananda, JSM.,Ph.D, D.Litt. Translated into Myanmar by Dhamma V1ra Thandar Aung; International Therava-da Buddhist Missionary University, Yangon.

"r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmif ( tjynf j ynf q k d i f & max&0g'wuú o d k v f ) Buddhism has always been a very practical religion which teaches man how to behave in relation to those who live around him. It teachers man not to seek to satisfy his selfish desires only, but to practise generosity: to receive help and to be prepared to give help: to be grateful and to act without expecting rewards.

Ak'¨bmomonf tNrJwap tvGefvufawGUusaom bmom jzpf\/ Ak'¨bmomonf vlom;tm; ol\ywf0ef;usifwGif aexk d i f aeMuaomol w d k Y E S i h f rnf o d k Y q uf q H j yKrl & rnf u d k oif j yay;\/ vl o m; tm; ol \ wpf u d k , f a umif ; qef a om vkdcsifwyfrufrIrsm;udk auseyf aprnhf enf;vrf; rsm;udk r&SmazGbJ udk,fusdK;pGefYNyD; &uf&uf a&ma&m pGefYBuJay;urf;Edkif&ef? tul t nD u d k & ,l N yD ; tul t nD a y;Ed k i f a tmif tqif o if h j zpf a e&ef ? aus;Zl ; w&m;ud k od w wf N yD ; qk v mbf r sm;ud k rarQmf v ih f b J v k y f a qmif & ef w d k Y u d k Ak ' ¨ b momu oif j yay;\/

wynh f E S i h f q&mquf q H a &;

Relationship between Pupils and Teachers

wynhfwpfOD;\ t"duwm0efonf jrwfq&mudk *kPfjyK ylaZmf&efESihf av;pm;½dkao&ef jzpfygonf/ q&mudk tNrJtxifBuD; um av;pm;&rnfjzpfygonf/ wynhfwpfOD;onf q&mu olYtm; oifMum;ydkYcsvdkufonfh ocFef;pmrsm;udk aMuaMunufnufrSwfrdEkdif ap&ef tm½Hkpl;pdkufí BudK;pm;avhvm&rnfjzpfygonf/ vHkYv0D&d, ESifh tm½Hkpl;pdkufrIr&SdbJ wynhfwpfOD;onf ol\ qnf;yl;avhvmrIü

The prime duty of a pupil is to honour and respect his teacher who is always to be held in high esteem. A pupil must be diligent and attentive in absorbing the teaching imparted to him by the teacher. Without diligence and attentiveness, the pupil would not be able to progress in his studies. It is also the duty of a pupil to render whatever little

pmrsufESm 39 odkY pmrsufESm 39 odkY