q&mBuD ; OD ; a&T a tmif \ tjrif r sm;ajymif ; vJ j cif ; ES i f h tawG ; tjrif p mpk r sm;rS ax&0g'ES i h f tjcm;0g'rsm; \ t"d u jcm;em;csuf r S m þod k Y j zpf \ / ax&0g'onf ÓPf p G r f ; &S d o avmuf 0D & d , pG r f ; &S d o avmuf Bud K ;pm;í &vmaom tusKd ; tjrwf [ l o rQud k avmutwG u f pG e f Y v T w f j cif ; ]tavm b}ü &oud k & S m \/ tjcm;0g'rsm;um; I Ó Pf p G r f ; &S d o avmuf ? 0D & d , tpG r f ; &S d oavmufBudK;pm;í &vmaom tusKd; tjrwf[lorQudk rdrdtwGuf odrf;ydkuf jcif; ]avmb} ü ]&o} udk&Sm\/ þodkY vQif 0g'ES p f r sKd ; onf OD ; wnf c suf yef ; wd k i f c sif ; jcm;em;\/ jrefrmEkdifiHom;wdkYonf jref r mEd k i f i H ü ypö , mEk * ¾ [ jzih f trsKd ; twG u f v nf ; Bud K ;pm;Mu\/ bmom twG u f v nf ; Bud K ;pm;Mu\/ omoem twG u f v nf ; Bud K ;pm;Mu\/ xd k o d k Y Bud K ;pm;Mu&mwG i f ol w d k Y \ oEÅ m ef ü ]"r®0de,}udk tajccHolrsm;vnf; &SdEkdif Mu\/ "r®0de,udk tajccHonf qdkap OD ; ? w&m;od ]"r® 0 d e ,} [k w f c sif r S [k w f r nf / pmayod ]"r® 0 d e ,} rsKd ; jzpf c sif v nf ; jzpf E k d i f \ / trS e f t m; jzih f "r® 0 d e ,[l a om trnf o nf pmayod ü vnf ; ygEk d i f \ / w&m;od ü vnf ; ygEk d i f \ / omrntm;jzif h qdkvQif ESpfrsdK;vHk;üyif ygEkdif\/ w&m; od [ l o nf r S m ud k , f u sih f o d u © m ud k ajymif ; vJ o G m ;apEk d i f a om ]tod } jzpf \/ Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; jyKpk w if j yonf /
Comforting wisdom for life
The noble disciple will conquer this self
Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;
Nidrf;csrf;OD;
Ä tb,f o l o nf þtwå a bmwnf ; [l a om yx0D a jrBuD ; ud k a0zef a &G ; cs,f E d k i f vwå H U enf ; / tyg,f b H k u d k v nf ; aumif ; ? ewf j A[® m bH k E S i h f wuG a om þvl Y b H k u d k v nf ; aumif ; tb,f o l o nf a0zef a&G ; cs,f E k d i f vwå H U enf ; / taMumif ; t&mvd r f r maomyef ; onf o nf yef ; trsm;wG i f raumif ; ud k y ,f aumif ; &mo,f v suf a&G ; cs,f b d o uJ h o d k Y aumif ; pG m a[mMum;awmf r l t yf a om w&m;tpk u d k tb,f o l o nf a&G ; cs,f E k d i f y gtH h e nf ; ..... Ä
Who will comprehend this earth (self), and this realm of Yama, and this world together with the devas? who will investigate the well-taught Path of Virtue, even as an expert (garland-maker) will pick flowers? . . 4 4 / aum£rH yx0d H 0 d a pówd ? Ko imam pathavim vicessati, . . yamalokañca imam sadevakam . ,ravmuÍö £rH o a'0uH / . . Ko dhamma padam sudesitam , aum"r® y 'H ok a 'od w H ? Kusalo puppham'iva pacessati. uk o avmyk y æ r d 0 yapówd / (44) . 4 5 / aoacg yx0d H 0d a pówd ? Sekho pathavim vicessati, . . ,ravmuÍö £rH o a'0uH / yamalokañca imam sadevakam . . . Sekho dhammapadam sudesitam , aoacg"r® y 'H ok a 'od w H ? . Kusalo puppham 'iva pacessati. uk o avm yk y æ r d 0 yapówd / (45)
pmrsuf E S m 25 od k Y
VOW
2
"r®0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/
Aka'¨gaAma",sH
rkawåmarmap,sH
wdaPÖmwma&,sH
opömw&m;ukid goo d vk?d a0ae,swo Ydk ad p&rnf
b0taESmiftzJGrh S igvw G o f vkd a0ae,swYdk vGwaf p&rnf
oHo&m0J*,ufrS igu;l ajrmufEidk o f vkd a0ae,swYdk ul;ajrmufapEkid &f rnf
,ck t ywf zwf p &m 'kdYwm0efta&;oHk;yg; - jynfaxmifpk rNydKuJGa&; 'kdYta&; u@ - wkdif;&if;om; pnf;vHk;nDnGwfrI rNydKuJGa&; 'kdYta&; uavmif&Sifrsm; pmrsufESm Mo0g'gp&d,q&mawmfrsm; - tcsKyftjcmtmPmwnfwHhckdifNrJa&; 'kdYta&; 1/ t*¾r[my@dw b'´ E å ukrm& jynfolYoabmxm; - v,fwDq&mawmfbk&m; - - 20 - jynfytm;uk;d ykqed ½f ;dk tqk;d jrif0g'rD sm;tm;qefu Y siMf u 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(pDr)H - Ekid if aH wmf wnfNird af t;csr;f a&;ESih f Ekid if aH wmfw;d k wufa&;ukd 2/ t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ EåaZmwdu(M.A) - t,f'Dwmtmabmf- - - - 3 aESmifh,SufzsufqD;olrsm;tm; qefYusifMu 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(ynm) - OD;oDvmpm& - - - - - - - 3 - EkdifiHawmf\ jynfwGif;a&;ukd 0ifa&mufpGufzuf tbd"r®myd#ur[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf aESmifh,Sufaom jynfyEkdifiHrsm;tm; qefYusifMu 4 3/t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw a'guw f mb'´ Eåax&dE(´ Ph.D) - a'gufwm eE´rmvmbd0Ho- jynfwiG ;f ? jynfytzsuo f rm;rsm;tm; bH&k efot l jzpf yd#uwfqidk &f mygVpd mayXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf - r[maAm"d N rd K if q &mawmf owfrSwfacsrIef;Mu 4/t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåy@dwmbd0o H (M.A) 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrd - - - 23 EkdifiHa&; OD;wnfcsuf (4)&yf ok w å Eå y # d uwf r [mXme? XmerS L ;^yg a rmu© q &mawmf -ÄEkdifiHawmfwnfNidrfa&;? &yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&;ESihf - Aka'¨g&o£E´mp&d,- - - - -24 5/r[m*E¬ 0 g p uy@d w b'´ Eå o r k e (M.A) w&m;Oya'pkd;rkd;a&;/ Ak'a¨ 'oemjyefyh mG ;a&;ynmXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf - rkH&GmaeZm - - - - - - - - - 6 -ÄtrsK;d om; pnf;vk;H nDñw T rf I ckid rf ma&;/ f mb'´EyÅ nm0Ho(Ph.D) - &SifÓP(zsmykH) - - - - - - - 7 -Äpnf;urf;jynh0f aom 'Dru dk a&pDpepf &Sio f efcidk rf matmif 6/t*¾r[m*E¬0gpu y@dw a'guw armfueG ;f xde;f q&mawmf wnfaqmufa&;/ -av;tdrfpkt&Sif0dpdwåom&- - 5 - zGphJ nf;ykH tajccHOya'ESit fh nD acwfrD zGNUH zK;d wk;d wufaom pmwnf;csKyf - &Sifacrm0Ho- - - - - - - - 31 EkdifiHawmfopf wnfaqmufa&;/ r[mo'¨ra® Zmwdu"Z wuúov dk o f Qio f &D d pD;yGm;a&; OD;wnfcsuf(4)csuf - t&Sifokpdwåom&- - -- - - -8 -ÄpkdufysKd;a&;ukd ykdrkdzGHUNzKd;wdk;wufatmif aqmif&GufNyD; ("r®mp&d,? bDat) - Nidrf;csrf;OD; - - - - - - - - - -1 acwfrDpufrI EkdifiHxlaxmifa&;ESihf tjcm;pD;yGm;a&; u@rsm;uk d v nf ; buf p k H z G H U N zKd ; wd k ; wuf a tmif pmwnf ; tzJG Y ? jynfpkd;? "r®xufukd -[Hom0wDOD;tkef;BudKif- - - -40 wnfaqmufa&;/ pDrHa&;&m? NzKd ;rmrm - MunfvGif - - - - -- - - - - 10 - aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf yDjyifpGm jzpfay:vma&;/ - [def;rif;xuf- - - - - - - -26 - jynfwGif;jynfyrS twwfynmESihf t&if;tESD;rsm; xk wf wf a0 ol zdwaf c:í pD;yGm;a&;zGNUH zK;d wk;d wufatmif wnfaqmufa&;/ wifp;dk (NrJ -04266) vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf - e'DoQH- - - - - - - - - - - -14 -ÄEkdifiHawmf\ pD;yGm;a&;wpf&yfvkH;ukd zefwD;EkdifrIpGrf; 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f - aZmfaemif- - - -- - - - - - 16 tm;onf EkdifiHawmfESihf wkdif;&if;om;jynfolwdkY\ vuf0,fwGif&Sda&;/ - r*Fvma&Tarmif;- - - - - - - 17 tjyiftqif uGefysLwm vlrIa&;OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yf - vif;jrwf- - - - - - - - --37 NzKd ;NzKd ;Zmjcnf? jrwfE;dk ykid ?f ,Ge;f av;i,f - wpfrsKd;om;vk;H \ pdw"f gwEf Sifh tusihpf m&dwå jrihrf m;a&;/ - wuúodkvfa&Tqihf- - - - - -12 - trsKd;*kPf? Zmwd*kPf jrihfrm;a&;ESihf ,Ofaus;rItarG jzef Y c sd a &; tESpfrsm;? trsKd;om;a&;vu©Pmrsm raysmufysuf - a&Tzl;pH- - - - -- - - - - - 28 atmifoef;aZmf atmif xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smufa&;/ - cifolZmjrihf- - - - - - - - -30 - ppfreS af om rsK;d csppf w d "f gwjf zpfonhf jynfaxmifppk w d "f gwf vIid Mf unfjzL"r®0&D pmaywku d f &Sifoefxufjrufa&;/ - a':av;aiGpE´m- - -- - - - - 34 zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 -Ä wpfrsK;d om;vk;H use;f rmBucUH idk af &;ESifh ynm&nfjrihrf m;a&;/
"r®0&D *sme,f
Address
rk;d aumif;uifpmay? trSw(f 134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)? ausmufww H m;NrKd eU ,f? &efuek Nf rKd /YU zke;f -01-253255 xGe;f OD;pmay(rEÅav;) zke;f 02-39801
Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com
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vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f taqmif(1)? tcef;(6)? jrefrmtifzw dk uf? wuúov dk rf sm; vdiI ef ,fajr
Empire Colour Repro
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EDITORIAL
3
"r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/
Ak'¨*Dwdum q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm& (½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;)
udk,fpdwfcsrf;om cHpm;vdkvQif arQmfvihfrIqE´udk 0D&d,jzihf jznhfpGufay;
Z#d v awå & 0w¦ K Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfonf &mZN*Kd[f jynf a0VK0efausmif;awmfü aeawmfral om tcg rsm;pGmaompnf;pdrfwdkYukd ypfpGefYí &[ef;jyKvQif ESpf&ufokH;&ufjzihf t&[wå zkdvfodkYa&muf\/ oif\ pnf;pdrfcsrf;om wdkYukd atmufarh\avm[k wpfyg;aom &[ef;wkdYu ar;onf&Sdaomf ratmufarhNyD [k ajymjcif;aMumihf r,kHMunfí bk&m;xH avQmufMuonfwiG f ]]a,m " wPSH y[EÅm e}} paom *gxmukd a[mawmfrl\/ aZwd u aw¦ & 0w¦ K aZmwduolaX;BuD; &[ef;jyKí &[EÅmjzpf&müvnf; xkdYtwlyif taMumif; jzpfvmí ,if;*gxmudkyif a[mawmfrl onf/ a,m " wPSH y[EÅme? tem*ga&m y&dAÁaZÆ/ wPSmb0y&du©DPH? wr[H jALrd jAm[®PH/ jref r muAsm ,ckb0 jrwfvSolrSm? wPSmy,f&Sm; pGefYoGm;tdrf&m? wPSmb0 ukef&atmifom? usihfNyD;rS qkd& jAm[®P/
avmuwGif vlom;wdkif;onf rdr0w¦ dwdkY\K b0 wdk;wuf&mudk arQmfvihfjcif; qE´jzifh BuKd ;pm;vkyu f ikd af eMuygonf/ arQmv f ihcf suu f , kd pf &D MdS ujcif;ESihf ywfoufí Ak't ¨ m; ZmPk aomPykPmÖ ;u (t*Fkwå&edum,? ouúedygw? cwdå,okwåef/)wdkif;jynf tkyfcsKyf rif;vkyfol? ykPÖm;? tdrf&SiftrsKd;om;? trsKd;orD;? olcdk;? omoem0efxrf;&[ef;wdkY\ aemufqHk;arQmfvihfcsuf yef;wdkifonf tb,fygenf;[k ar;avQmufco hJ nf/ xdktar;udk Ak'¨u yk*¾dKvftoD;oD;\ aemufqHk;&nf&G,fcsufrSm-1/ wdkif;jynftkyfcsKyf rif;vkyfMuaom olwdkYqE´rSm toufxufqHk; pdk;rdk;tkyfcsKyf rif;vkyfvdkaom tjzpf? 2/ ykPÖm;wdkY\ qE´rSm jA[®mjynfa&mufvdkaom tjzpf? 3/ tdrf&Sif trsKd;om;wdkYqE´rSm rdrdwdkYvkyfudkif&m ukefoG,f v,f,mtvkyf NyD;ajrmufatmifjrif vdkaomtjzpf? 4/ tdrf&SifrwdkY\ qE´rSm rdrdtdrfü tdrfrI udpö rsm;tm;vHk;udk pdk;rdk;tkyfcsKyf vdkrItjzpf? 5/ olcdk;wdk\ qE´rSm Opöm&SifwdkY rodrjrif vdkrItjzpf? 6/ omoemh0efxrf;&[ef; wdq Yk E´rmS ? cE¨mig;yg; csKyNf ird ;f&m edAmÁ efoYkd qdu k af &mufvrkd t I jzpfwo Ykd m aemufq;kH yef;wdkif tjzpf wnf&SdMuonf[k tajzay;cJhonf/ Ak'\ ¨ tqH;k tr a'oemudk avhvmvQif vlom;wdo Yk nf &nf&, G cf suf arQmv f ihcf suf trsK;d rsK;d jzihf tvk y f v k y f a eMuonf u d k od E k d i f y gonf / od k Y j zpf í vl w k d i f ; vl w d k i f ; ü arQmf r S e f ; csuf y ef ; wd k i f udk,fpD&SdMurnfum; trSefyifjzpfonf/ tem*wfumvtwGuf arQmv f ihcf suf ud, k pf x D m;&rnfqakd omfvnf; arQmv f ifch suf wpfcw k nf; xm;umrQjzihf &nfrSef;csuf yef;wkdifodkY ra&mufEkdifyg/ arQmfvifhjcif; qE´ESihftwl tvkyfudk BudK;pm;vkyfvdkaom ZGJ? owdå? Aswdå&SdrI[laom um,? ÓP? tm;ESpfyg;jynhfpHkMurSom arQmfvihfcsuf yef;wdkifodkY a&muf&SdEkdifMuygonf/ avmuwGif vlom;wdYk arQmv f ihcf suq f E´r&Syd gu ysi;f &djcif;? aumoZÆ? w&m;0ifvm wwfygonf/ ysi;f&jd cif;onf ud, k pf w d Ef pS yf g;wd\ Yk av;vHxikd ;f rdiI ;f jcif;(xde? rd')¨ w&m;yifjzpfn/f ,if;w&m;&Sad eolonf rdrdb0udk wdk;wufBuD;yGm;&ef BuHpnfpdwful; aeolr[kwfrlí b0udk t½HI;ESihf &ifqdkifaeol vlzsif;vltomjzpfygonf/ avmuwGif tvkyfwdkif;udk arQmfvihfcsufESihftwl BudK;pm;jcif;0D&d,jzihf jznhfpGufay;aeMu He who in this world giving &ygrnf/ odrYk o S m tcuftcJqif;&Jukd vGeaf jrmufEidk yf grnf/ Ak'u ¨ o*gxm 0*¾o, H w k t f mV0u okweå üf up craving, would renounce and tcuftcJ tqif;t&J[lorQudk BudK;pm;tm;xkwfrI 0D&d,jzihfom ausmfvGef atmifjrif Ekdif\[k become a homeless one, who has a[mxm;cJo h vdk r[mZeu Zmwfawmfü Zeurif;u O'gef;usL;cJo h nfrmS ]ypöKyeÜ o f o H &m ESpw f efaom destroyed craving and becoming, him tusdK;pD;yGm;udk arQmfvifhaom ynm&Sdyk*¾dKvfonf ysif;&djcif;rjyK&m? rdrdawmihfwaom tusKd;udk I call a brahmana. NyD;ajrmufapjcif;iSm jrwfaomvHkYvudk tm;xkwftyf\/ vHkYvonfomvQif tvdk&Sdwdkif; tusKd;udk pum;ajy/ /,ckb0 þavmuü Ny;D apEkid yf gonf/ urf;wpfbufukd rjrifEikd af om r[mork'&´ mü epfreG ;f onfjzpfvsuf vdt k yfaomtusK;d udk jrwfaomyk*K¾ v d o f nf wyfrufwPSm pGeyYf ,f NyD;ajrmufapjcif;iSm vHkYvudk tm;xkwfonfjzpfí xdkvHkYv tpGrf;aMumifh r[mork'´&mrS þvlYjynfodkY cGmí tdrf&mraxmif vlYabmifukd y,fpGefY ul;ajrmufojzihf awmifhwdkif;NyD;aom igYudk oufaoxm;í igqdk\/ NyD ; &[ef ; jyKum aumif ; pG m usih f a e\/ tMuifolonf ypöKyÜefoHo&mESpfjzmaom tusKd;pD;yGm;udk ajrmfjrifEkdifaom ynm&SdrSeftHh? xdkolonf udk,fudkrSDí jzpfaomqif;&J? pdwfudkrSDíjzpfaom qif;&JwdkYESihf awGUBuHKvwfaomfvnf; wPSmukefcrf;í aemufxyfjzpfvrf; r&Sd igYtm;omvQif qif;&Jjcif;&Sdonf r[kwf aumif;pGmtm;xkwf vQif csrf;omjcif;rnfonf taES;ESihf atmif usih f N yD ; aomol u k d jAm[® P [k tjrefomwnf;? arQmv f ihaf wmihw f wdik ;f rNy;D r&S&d m[k vHv Yk udk ravQmb h J qif;&Jukd onf;cHí tm;xkwjf cif; igbk&m; a[mMum;awmfrl\/ ,SOf&m\/ xdkuJhodkYaom ynm&Sdonf iguJhodkY arQmfvihfawmihfwwdkif; tusKd;\ NyD;qHk; jcif;odkYa&muf\/ tMuifolonf ynmenf;ojzihf ysif;&djcif;udkom tav;tjrwfjyKonfjzpftHh? xdkolonf rdrdü wpfpHkwpf&mudk,fpdwfqif;&JawGUaomtcg þodkYaom qif;&JudkcH&aom igYtm; csrf;omum; b,frmS &Ekid yf gawmhtehH nf;[k qif;&Jwpfcg csr;f omwpfvn S fh avmuü jzpfNrJ "r®wm udk rpOf;pm;rlí ysi;f &djcif;udk tpGjJ yKvsuf BuKd ;pm;tm;xkwrf v I v YkH udk avQmh\/ xdkodkYysif;&daom oabm&Sdaomolonf vHkYvudk rjyKojzifh r[mork'´&mü ig;vdyfwdkY\ tpmjzpfaom oabFmom; (700)wdkYuJhodkY arQmfvihfcsuftvdkvnf; rjynhfrlí qif;&Jjcif;rSvnf; rvGwfEkdif/ þr[mZeurif;O'gef;usL;&ihf ovdk avmuü udk,fpdwfcsrf;omrIudk tvdk&SdMuaom olwdkif;onf arQmfvifhawmihf wcsuf qE´? 0D&d,? pdwå? 0DrHo[laom t"d ywdav;yg;jzihf BudK;pm; tm;xkwfMuygu b0üatmifjrifrIrsm;&NyD; udk,fpdwfcsrf;om rIwdkYudk tjynhft0 cHpm;&rnfjzpfyg aMumif; a&;om;wifjytyfygonf/
t,f ' D w m
WE LIVE WITH DHAMMA KNOWLEDGE
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"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/
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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/
5
b0vrf;ñTef 38- jzm r*Fvmrdwfquf (31) waygp rsuf p d ç em;ç ES m ç vQmç ud k , f e J Y pd w f t vd k rvk d u f y geJ Y / (31) Tapo ca Control Eye, Ear, Nose, Tongue, Body and Mind Don't indulge in emotions
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
6
"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/
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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS
7
"r®0D&onf "r®0de, tvif;a&mifxdefvif;ap&ef jzpfonf/
avmuom&ysdKU (yk'fpOf- 5) ud k , f E I w f E S v H k ; ? apmif h o H k ; NrJ p G m owå 0 gud k ? arwå m ouf a y vS L zd k Y a 0í? pd w f a pMunf o ef oabmrS e f o m;? ypö K yÜ e f o H o &m csrf ; ompD ; yG m ;? ES p f y g;jrif w wf ol a wmf j rwf u d k ? rjywf c spf c if rd w f u Rrf ; 0if í ..? NrJyifpif;vsif;..aygif;,SOfrif;/ (uef a wmf r if ; ausmif ; -q&mawmf ) vl i ,f a rmif r ,f t aygif ; wd k Y a &/ vl q d k w m wpf O D ; wpf a ,muf x J oD;jcm;aevdrYk &ygbl;/ vlwidk ;f [m ywf0ef;usif todkif;t0dkif;eJY tNrJrjywfqufqHNyD; aexkdif Mu&ygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk ywf0ef;usifeJYqufqH aexdik Mf u&wmaMumihf vlraI ygif;oif;qufqH a&; tqifajyacsmarGUap&ef udk,ftrlt&m? EIwftrlt&m? pdwftrlt&mayhg/ ,Ofaus; odrfarGUatmif owdeJYapmifhxdef;wwfMuzdkY vdktyfygw,f/ udk,ftrlt&m ,Ofaus;odrfarGU atmif apmifhxdef;wmeJYywfoufvdkYajym&&if rdrdxuftoufodu©m*kPf0gBuD;jrihfwJhvlBuD;? rdb? q&morm;rsm;a&SUoGm;vm&wJhtcg rdrd &J U cE¨ m ud k , f u d k tenf ; i,f u d k i f ; ñT w f N yD ; oGm;vmMu&r,f/ vlBuD;rdb? q&morm;eJY twlwuGxdkifMu&wJhtcg? vlBuD;rdbq&m orm;&JU txuf acgif;&if;acgif;jzm;u rxdik f &bl;/ aemufvlBuD;awGu Murf;jyifay:rSm xdkifaew,fqdkygawmh? vli,farmifr,fwdkYu ukvm;xdkifay:xdkifaewmrsdK; rjyKvkyfaumif; bl;? 'gudktxl;a&SmifMuOfMu&r,f/ Ak'¨bmomwdkY&JU ,Ofaus;rItpOf tvmaumif;wpfck&Sdw,f/ tJ'gu bmvJ qdkawmh 0gwGif;oHk;vvGefajrmufvdkY oDwif; uRwv f a&mufwt hJ cg vlBu;D rdb? q&morm; rsm;udk rkefYyJoGm;a&pm? t0wftxnfwdkYeJY oG m ;a&muf u ef a wmh M uwJ h t pOf t vm ,Ofaus;rIayhg/ tJ'Dvdk vlBuD;rdbq&morm; rsm;ud k oG m ;a&muf u ef a wmh M uwJ h t cgrS m tuef a wmh c H y k * ¾ d K vf r sm;ud k vS L zG , f y pö n f ; ay;tyfwJhtcg? ypönf;0w¬Kudk vufESpfzufeJY udkifNyD; ½dk½dkaoaoay;&w,f/ vlBuD;rdb q&morm;rsm;u wpfpHkwpf&may;cJh&ifvnf; vufESpfzufeJY ½dk½dkaoao,l&r,f/ vlBuD;
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rdbawGepYJ um;ajymwJt h cgrSmvnf; vufEpS f zufukd cg;axmufNyD; rajym&bl;/ tckajymcJh ovd k vk d u f e musih f o H k ; aexk d i f r ,f qk d & if udk,ftrlt&m,Ofaus;odrfarGUoljzpf NyDayhg/ EI w f t rl t &m,Of a us;zd k Y u awmh vlBuD;? rdb? q&morm;eJY pum;ajym&myJ jzpfjzpf? taygif;toif;oli,fcsif;rdwfaqG awGeJY pum;ajymqdk&mrSmyJjzpfjzpfayhg/ csdKcsdK omom odrfodrfarGUarGUajymqdkMu&r,fav/ EIwfMurf; vQmMurf;olvdkY tajymrcH&atmif b,f t aMumif ; ud p ö u d k y J a jymajymayh g ? Murf;Murf;wrf;wrf; us,u f s,af vmifavmif rajym&bl ; / yd k N yD ; owd x m;&rS m uawmh aemufajymifajymqdw k mawmif qJqw kd ikd ;f xGm? NyD; rajym&bl;/ bmvdkYvJqdkawmh EIwfusihf ygoGm;&if tjyif&cufw,fav/ tJ'Dtusihf u ud k , f e J Y E I w f t rl t &m ,Of a us;rI u d k zsufqD;aewmhwmyJ/ aemufwpfcku udk,hfxufBuD;uJol awGudk bb? zGm;zGm;? bBuD;? OD;OD;? a':a':? udkudk? rr vdkYac:ayhg/ udk,hfxufi,folawG usawmh nDav;? armifav;? nDrav;vdkY ac:ayhgaemf/ udk,hfudk,fudkawmh uRefawmf? uRefrvdkYoHk;NyD; ajym&w,f/ i,folawGeJYus awmh udkudku rrupvdkY oHk;NyD;ajymr,f qdk&if vli,fav;awGu udk,hfudkydkNyD;cspfcif Muwmayhg/ EIwfcsdKzdkY ta&;BuD;w,fav/ 'h g aMumih f a&S ; vl a wG u ]]EI w f c sd K oQd K
wpf y g;}} vd k Y qd k x H k ; jyKcJ h w m/(oQd K qd k w m yD,aq;udk ac:wm) EIwfxGufpum; csdKom wm[m trsm;&JU cspfaq;jzpfayw,fuG,fh/ vli,farmifr,fwdkYa&? vl&,fvdkY jzpfvmwJh vlom;wkdif;[m pdwfxm;ESvHk; om; jzLpifzdkYuvnf; tifrwefta&;BuD; w,faemf/ olwpfyg; Bu;D yGm;csr;f omwmudk ]remvd k 0 ef w d k pd w f } rarG ; &bl ; od v m;/ olwpfyg;BuD;yGm; csrf;omwm jrifawGU&&if 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om wJhpdwfrsdK;yJ arG;&w,f/ bmvdkYvJqdkawmh ]]olwpfyg;remvdk udk,hfrSm tusdK;r&Sd}} vdkYawmif qdk½dk;pum;&Sdw,f r[k w f v m;/ 'D p d w f xm;rsd K ;u b,f o l Y twG u f r S tusd K ;r&S d b l ; av/ pd w f , k w f pd w f q d k ; ouf o uf r d k Y 'D v d k pd w f r sd K ;ud k a&SmifMuOf&r,f/ pdwfaumif;ESvHk;aumif; arG ; NyD ; tm;enf ; ol u d k tm;ay;&r,f / 'ku©a&mufolawGudk ulnD&r,f/ 'gqdk pdwf trlt&maumif;oGm;NyDayhg/ aemufwpfcsufu ouf&Sdowå0g tcsif;csif;awGtay:rSm arwåmpdwfxm;zdkY vd k a o;w,f / ud k , f h t ouf u d k c spf c if wG , f w movd k r sd K ;? owå 0 gawG t ay:rS m ud k , f c sif ; pm pd w f e J Y pmem&r,f / iJ h n § m axmufxm;wwf& r,f/ ukodkvfaumif;rI jyKvk y f w J h t cgrS m vnf ; pd w f o abmxm; rSefuefpGmeJY Munfvif&Sif;oefYwJh apwem pmrsuf E S m 13 od k Y
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
8
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]ajrivsif} wpfck vIyfcwfoGm;cJhonf/ xdk ]ivsif} 'PfaMumihf rdrdwdkYaeaom &yfuGuf twGif;rS aqmufNyD;p tjrihf (7) xyf&Sdaom wdkufBuD;wpfwdkufrSm tufaMumif;rsm;jzpfí tenf;i,fysufpD;oGm;cJhonf/ txl;ojzihf jywif;aygufrSeftcsdKU uGJtufoGm;cJhonf/ aemufwpfaeYeHeufwGif rdrdonf qGr;f cH<uaeustcsed w f iG f qGr;f cH<uaomtcg xdkwdkufBuD;\acgif;&if;bufydkif; vrf;Mum; uav;rS jzwft0ifü tay:buf tawmf jrih f j rih f r S ]cRrf } [l a om toH E S i h f t wl ½kwfw&uf ]rSefpwpfck} onf rdrdtay:odkY wnh f w nh f B uD ; jyKwf u sygavawmh o nf / rSefponf rdrd\OD;acgif; nmbufab;rSuyf í ½Hkxm;aomouFef;ay:odkY usavonf/ oydwfvG,fudkvG,fxm;ojzihf ouFef;rSm oydwfay:wGif wifvsuf&Sd&m rSefponf ouFef;udkxdk;cGJí rdrd\nmbuf wpfawmif qpfauG;Mum;rS atmufodkYusoGm;cJhonf/ ½k w f w &uf B uH K awG U &jcif ; jzpf í rd r d r S m aMumifppD jD zihf tay:odaYk rmhMunhv f u kd rf o d nf/ aemufxyf bmwpfckrQxyfírusvmojzihf awmfygao;onf/ ab;u vSrf;jrifolrsm;u ]]t&Sifbk&m;? bmjzpfoGm;ao;vJ}} [k jymjym ovJ ar;Muonf/ rdrduvnf; bmrSrjzpf ojzih f ]]bmrS r jzpf y gbl ; }} [k o majzí ausmif;odkYjyefcJhawmhonf/ ausmif;odaYk &mufaomtcg aoao csmcsmjyefMunhfrd&m ouFef;rSm rSefpu xdk;cGJ oGm;ojzihf wpfxGmcefYuGJoGm;cJhNyD; rdrd\ nmbufvufarmif;ESihf vufzsHwGif aoG;pdkY aeaom rSef&S'Pf&mao;ao;av;ESpfckudk awGU&avonf/ xdktcgrS rdrdawG;Munhf&if; Muuf o D ; xrd o G m ;onf / tu,f í om xdkrSefponf rdrd\i,fxdyfwnfhwnhfay: usygu rawG;0Hph &myifjzpfonf/ xdt k aMumif; udk ausmif;rStjcm;udk,fawmfrsm;udk ajymjy
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/
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onf Mum;cH0ifvmaom taMumif;i,frsm; aMumifh rlvtaMumif;w&m;rsm; ysufjy,f oGm;&onfrsm;vnf; &Sdygonf/ qdkvdkonfrSm um,uH&Sif udk xdcdkufrnhf BuD;rm;aom tuk o d k v f u H w &m;onf tjcm;ao;i,f aom tjypfwpfckcku0ifí tusdK;ay;oGm; ojzihf tenf;i,f oufom&m&oGm;wwf jcif;yifjzpfonf/ om"uwpfckjy&vQifa&S ; tcgu awm&G m wpf & G m wG i f ÓPftajrmftjrif A[kokwESihfjynhfpHkaom bke;f awmfBu;D wpfyg;&Sad vonf/ wpfaeYaom tcg &GmwGif;rS 'umBuD;wpfa,muf rsufESm romr,mjzihf ausmif;odkYa&mufvmonf/ xdktcg bkef;awmfBuD;u]][Jh 'um bmjzpfvmwmwkef;}} [k ar;av\/ xdk'umBuD;u ]]wynhfawmftdrf u cdkif;EGm;BuD; aooGm;vdkYyg bk&m;}} avQmuf \/ xdt k cg bke;f awmfBu;D u? ]]a[ [kwv f m;? om"k- om"k- om"k}} [k qdkaomtcg 'um rSm bkef;awmfBuD;tm; pdwfqdk;NyD; tdrfjyefoGm; awmhonf/ aemuf w pf y wf c ef Y M umaomtcg xdk'umBuD;yif rsufESmromr,mjzihf a&muf vmjyefygonf/ xdktcg bkef;awmfBuD;u ar;jyef a omf - ]]wynh f a wmf \ om;av; opfyifay:rS vdru hf sí vufusKd ;oGm;aMumif;}} ajzavvQif bke;f awmfBu;D u a&S;enf;twdik ;f ]om"k } ac:jyef a vonf / 'umjzpf o l u ajy&majyaMumif;ESpo f rd rhf rI ay;bJ ]om"k} om ac:aeaom bke;f Bu;D ukd tvGepf w d q f ;kd oGm;Ny;D ]]igonfvdkjzpfwm 0rf;omvdkY? ighudkrkef;vdkY om"kac:wmyJ}} [k xifum taMumif;&if; ud k rar;bJ tn§ d K ;taw;xm;avonf / ]]aemufaeY &GmxJqGrf;cH<uvmrS ½dkufvTwf vkdufrnf}} [k pdwfrSwfxm;um jyefvmcJh onf / aemufwpfaeY eHeufa&mufaomf qGrf;cH<ucsdefa&mufvQif bkef;awmfBuD;onf &G m wG i f ; od k Y qG r f ; cH < uvmavawmh o nf / tn§dK;xm;aom 'umuvnf; ½dkufrnf[k wkwfudkudkifvsuf csHKuG,frS apmihfaevihf\/ tem;odkYa&mufaomf bkef;awmfBuD;vufxJrS jroydwfonf ½kwfw&ufvufrSvGwfusí uGJavawmhonf/ xdktcg bkef;awmfBuD;u ]om"k} ac:jyefygawmhonf/ ½dkuf&efapmifhae aom 'umonf em;rvnfEdkifawmhojzihf r½dkufjzpfawmhbJ ]]'Dbkef;BuD; om"kac:&jcif;
9
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
10
"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/
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bHkü jzpfapwwf\/ aot&ufudk aomuf jcif;\ tayghqHk;tusdK;onf vljzpfaom oltm; ½l;oGyfjcif;udk jzpfapwwf\/ þbk&m;a[ma'oemonf wdu k ½f u kd f rkcs,l&aom edww¬a'oem jzpfayonf/ oG,f0dkufNyD; ,lq&aom ae,sw¬ a'oem rsdK;r[kwfay/ oDvu©eul#'EÅokwf t|uxm 273 q|rl/ b0EÅa&yd[d t&d,om0aum ZD0d wa[wkyd ae0ygPH[ewd eok&Hyd0wd/ oapydó ol&Íö cD&Íö rdóuHuwGm rkac yu©yd E¦?d cD&ar0 y0dowd eok&m/ ,xmud H aumÍö oukPmeH cD&rdóau O'au cD& ar0 y0dowd? eO'uH/ £'H a,med od'a¨ r0? £'H "r®wm od'¨EÅdpa0'dwAÁH/ t&d , myk * ¾ d K vf o nf aemuf b 0 wpfyg;odkY a&mufaomtcgüvnf; touf &S i f a &;[l a om taMumif ; aMumih f v nf ; owå 0 gtouf u d k rowf / aot&uf u k d raomuf/ t&d,myk*¾dKvf\ cHwGif;odkY t&uf ESihf EdkY&nfudka&mNyD; wkdufapumrl EdkYomvQif 0if\/ t&ufr0if/ Oyrm BudK;MumiSufrsm; tm; a&ESihfEdkYa&míwdkufvQif EdkYom0if\/ a&r0ifouJo h w Ykd nf;/ BuKd ;Mumyg;pyf (EIwo f ;D ) wGif;odkY EdkYom0ifí a&r0ifjcif;rSm BudK;Mum iSurf sKd ;\ b0oabmtm;jzifh NyD;pD;jcif;wn;f/ t&d , mwd k Y \ yg;pyf w G i f ; od k Y Ed k Y o m0if í t&ufr0ifjcif;onfum; pifMu,fjrihfjrwfol t&d,myk*¾dKvfwdkY\ w&m;obm0tm;jzihf NyD;pD;jcif;wnf;/ t&ufonf jrihfjrwfaomt&d,m yk * ¾ d K vf w d k Y E S i h f rxd k u f w ef / ,k w f n H h a om t&nf r sd K ;jzpf a Mumif ; ud k jyqd k j cif ; jzpf a y onf / þpum;onf t|uxmpum; wnf;/ t| uxmqdkojzihf &SifAk'¨aomo pum;[l í rrS w f & m/ bk & m;a[myPd P Ö ua'oem a&S;t|uxmudk &SifAk'¨aCmo u tusOf;csHK; a&;jcif;rQomwnf;/ &SifAk'¨
aómoa&;aom t|uxm[k tcsdKUolwdkY ayghayhgqq oabm xm;wwfMuavonf/ (t&ufESihfywfoufaom) t&m 0,ftcsdKUaom&[ef;&SifvlwdkYu ok&myge (t&uf aomufjcif;) trIonf tukodkvf rjzpf [ k ajymqd k M uuk e f \ / tcsd K Uaom &[ef;&SifvlwdkY um; tukodkvfum;jzpf\/ ur® y xrajrmuf a omaMumih f tyg,f y#doaE¨ ray;wwf[lí ajymqdMk uuke\ f / xdo k El pS rf sKd ;wdw Yk iG f ]]tukodkvf rjzpf}} [lí ajymqdkpGJ,laomolwdkYrSm oufoufusr;f *ef t&m ur® v u© P mo bm0wd k Y u d k rod rvdr®maom tE¨Amvm tppfwdkYom[lí rS w f / ur® y xrajrmuf aomaMumif h tyg,fy#doaE¨ray;wwf[lí ajymqdkpGJ,l aom olwdkYrSm usrf;*eft&m ur®vu©Pm obm0wdkYudk pdk;pOf;xifzl;? ½Izl;? avhvmzl; aomfvnf; txl;xl;aom ygVdt|uxm #Dum0dedpä,wdkYü rvdr®m/ rdrdwdkYvdk&m teuf t"d y Ü m ,f w d k Y u d k o m tygt&qG J í tpG J tvrf;jzihf usrf;*ef[lorQwdkYESifh rESD; raESm ajymqd k Muonf o m[l í rS w f & rnf / awG U zl ; orQ usrf ; wpf p d w f w pf y d k i f ; wd k Y \ t&dyfta,mifxif&mudk olwdkYajymqdkaom pum;aMumifhvnf; em;Ek? ÓPfEk? oabm Ek M uaom yk x k Z Of tuef ; trk d u f w d k Y u ES p f N cd K uf 0 rf ; omtaygif ; ygí rd p ä m yx (rSm;aomvrf;)? Or®*¾ (raumif; aomvrf;) c&D;rSm;tyg,fodkYvm;&atmif tm;usyg;us oabmusESvHk;oGif;? ,HkMunf jcif;vnf; &SdwwfMuukefonf/ ,if;odkYjzpfí ok&mygeuHtrIonf ur®yxajrmufaomtjzpf? tyg,fy#doaE¨ ay;wwfaomtjzpfwdkYudk pifppfrkcs od& rSwf& qifjcif&atmif ygVdt|uxm? #Dum 0depd , ä t&yf&yfwYkd qH;k jzwfvm&So d nhftwkid ;f tusOf;rQ a&;om;jyqdkOD;tHh/ (þodkY pum;cH NyD;vQif ,cifazmfjycJhaom t*FkwådK&f t|u edygwfygVdawmfudk rlxm;í a&;om;awmfrlyg onf/) pum;arsmaernfpdk;í vkd&if;tcsKyf udkom azmfjyygrnf/ tvdk&SdygvQif ynm0DrH oeuxmusrf;pmrsufESm 20 rSpí ½IMu&ef jzpfygonf/ ck'´uygXt|uxm ygPmwdygw rSpí ok&mygetxd vGefusL;aomuHwdkYonf tyg,f'k*¾wdtusdK;udk jzpfapwwfaMumif; twdtvif;zGihfqkdxm;onf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/
t&uf a omuf j cif ; ud k ur® y x ajrmuf tyg,fa&mufapEdkifonf[kqdkvQif 'kp½ku d f (10) yg;jzpfae&m\[k tcsKd UqdMk u\/ þod k Y r qd k o ih f / t&uf a omuf j cif ; onf t&omud k ruf a rmaomoabmjzpf í umarokrdpämpm&uHESihfoabmwlxm;um 'k p ½d k u f u r® y x (10) yg;yif ,l & onf / wenf ; tm;jzihfvnf; t&ufaomufjcif; onf 'kp½dkuf (10) yg;vHk;udk aus;Zl;jyK Ed k i f (tm;ay;Ed k i f ) aomaMumih f 'k p ½d k u f (10) yg;wGif avsmf&mavsmf&m oGif;í,l& onf / olt Y oufuo kd wfEidk af tmif t&uf aomufcJhvQif ygPmwdygwuHwGif oGif;? olwpfyg;Opöm cdk;,lvk,ufEdkifatmif t&uf aomufcJhvQif t'dEé'geuHwGifoGif;? t<uif; rSm enf;wl,l/ toufowfjcif; ponfudk rjyK/ oufoufaomuf½HkrQrlum; umarok rdpämpm&\ oabmwlrdpämpm&uHrSmoGif;/ Zmwf#DumrSmvnf; ygPmwdygw tuk o d k v f u H E S i f h t wl t&uf a omuf j cif ; ok&mygeuHudkvnf; ur®yxajrmufaom tuk o d k v f u H \ tjzpf j zih f rd e f Y q d k x m;\/ ('o edygwf r[m"r®ygvZmwf #DumwGif tus,f qdkxm;\/) þodYk ygVdawmft|uxm #DumtEk vufoef;usrf;BuD; usrf;r0dedpä,t&yf&yf qHk;jzwfrdefYqdkawmfrlMuonhftwdkif;udkom ,Hk,HkMunfMunfaoaocsmcsm rSwfukef&m onf/ olt Y xif ihgtvdk ajymqd0k ;kd 0g; Murf;Mum; avMum; usrf;*efvGwfpum;wdkYudk ,HkrSm;r&Sd Muapukefvihf/ y#dywft&mrSm usrf;*efom y"mejzpf o nf / þum; ok & mygeuH \ tqHk; tjzwftusOf;udkrSwf/ eufeJus,f0ef;vSpGmaom ygVdt| uxm#Dum *E¦EÅ& paom usrf;*efoabm wdkYudkum; ESD;aESmaphpyfjcif; rwwfEdkifbd/ Muufuef;pGJ pGJ,lvsuf olY0g' ihg0g' vlpk wkdif; aygufMuí A&yG A&yg ajymqdkMuukef onf/ odkYajymqdkMuaomfvnf; txl;xl; aom usrf;jy 0dedpä,vu©PmwdkYudk aphpHkpGm ES v H k ; rxm;Ed k i f M uojzih f usrf ; *ef w d k Y u d k tvGwf xm;í olYpum;? ihgpum; jiif;cHkrI yG m ;Muvsuf tvum; tk w f t k w f u suf usufomjzpfukef onf/ y#dywfESihfpyfaom t&mqdkonfrSmum;? ten0do, (tjcm;
olwdkY\t&m r[kwfyg/) oAÁnKw t&mom jzpf o nf / oAÁ n KwÓPf a wmf \ t&m bk & m;a[m a'oemud k v nf ; t|uxm t & S i f j r w f w d k Y o m qH k ; jzwf o djrifawmfrlEdkifukefonf/ xdkt| uxmt&Sijf rwfwYkd qH;k jzwfojd rifawmfro l nfh odrfarGUaom vdew¬ (vQdKU0Sufaomteuf oabm) t&mudkvnf; #Dum*@dq&mjrwf 0daooyk*¾dKvfwdkYt&momjzpfonf/ þum; ref v nf q &mawmf \ rdefYqdkcsufwnf;/ ppfuikd ;f c½dik pf ma&;&GmZmwdjzpfaom pmay0goemygol OD;wifqdkolonf &Hzef&Hcg aejynfawmf? rEÅav;odkY ul;vmum rEÅav; NrdKU ajrmufjyifwGif oDwif;oHk;awmfrlonhf pHausmif;q&mawmfxHodkY pmayy&d,wådrsm; aqG;aEG;jcif;jyKonf/ OD;wifrSm xef;&nf t&ufaomufjcif;ü 0goemxHkolvnf; jzpf onf / ]]armif w if a &? xef ; &nf t &uf aomufNyD; um,uH? 0pDuH rusL;vGef&if ur®yxrajrmufbl;uG/ rpifpm;NyD; tdyfae ovdk rwifhw,fwmyJ&Sdw,f}} OD;wifonf þodkYaom pHausmif; q&mawmf\ rdefYMum;csufudk t½dk;pGJatmif rSwo f m;xm;avonf/ pmayaqG;aEG;Ny;D aemuf ppfudkif;bufodkYtjyefü OD;wifonf o*FZm ausmif;teD;rSjzwfvm&m o*FZmq&mawmf udk jrifojzihf 0ifa&mufOD;csvsuf oHo, uif;&Sif;atmifao&nfao&ufaomufpm; jcif ; ES i h f ywf o uf í pH a usmif ; q&mawmf a[majymcsufudk xyfrHwifjyavQmufjyefav onf / ]]q&mawmfbk&m;? pHausmif;q&m awmf u xef ; &nf ? t&uf a omuf p m;NyD ; um,uH ? 0pD u H rusL;vG e f & if ur® y x rajrmufbl;vdkY rdefYMum;vkdufygonfbk&m;/ wynh f a wmf t aomuf 0 goemygrS e f ; od v d k Y rdefYMum;awmfrlava&mhovm;vdkY oHo,jzpf rdygw,fbk&m;}} [k wifavQmuf&m o*FZm q&mawmfrmS yHw k ykd wfpajymavhajymx&Sad wmf rlonhftwkdif;]]armifwifa&? igyHkwpfckajymjyOD; r,f/ wpfcgwkef;u tnmom;wpfa,muf [m atmufjynfatmuf&Gmudk pm&if;iSm; oGm;vkyfowJu h , G /f pm&if;'dik rf mS uRt J aumif
11
(60) &Sdw,f/ naeuRJausmif;vdkYjyef&if a[htnmom; pdik af v; v;udk wkid rf mS csnNf y;D Nyv D m;vdYk v;vd k Y a c:wJ h ar;owJ h / pm&if ; 'd k i f upd k i f a v; uRu J kd naewkid ;f ar;avhar;x&Sad wmh tnm om;pdwfxJrSm oHo,0ifvmw,f/ uRJawG taumif (60) &SdwJhtxJu pdkifav; v;udkcsnf; csnfwdkifrSm csnfNyD;NyDvm;vdkY bmvdkYar;& ovJ taMumif;od&atmif pHkprf;avOD;rSvdkY pOf;pm;&if; aemufESpfvoHk;vMumwJhtcgrSm tnmom; pm&if;iSm;u cifAsm;rSm uRJ (60) avmuf&w dS t hJ xJu pdik af v; wpfaumifwnf; cGt J csncf ikd ;f wm bmaMumifv h AJ smvdYk ar;vku d f owJ/h 'Dawmh pm&if;'dkifu- [Jh tnmom;&JU? tç vnf; tç ygay&JU/ pdkifav; udk rcsnf xm;&if usefwJh uRJ (59) aumif[m b,f aumif;aumif;tdyf&ygawmhrvJ/ pdkifav; [m uRJaygufqdk;uav;uG,fh? tnmom;&JU vdkY jyefajymvkdufowJh/ tJ'DoabmrsdK;yJ armifwifa&/ bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfjrwfBuD;u tukodkvfw&m;rsm;udk ]]tm&wD 0d&wDygyg}} vdYk ygyg (raumif;rI) xJukd tm;vH;k xnhv f u kd f w,f/ pdkifav;eJYwlwJh xef;&nft&ufudk awmh ]]rZÆygemp oH,arm}} vdkY oD;jcm; a[m awmfrlw,f/ xef;&nft&uf aomu a[mawmf aomuff vku d Nf y;D &if trd? tz? q&morm; ra&Smif? r½d k r ao rav;rpm; jyKrS m ;w wf w ,f / ;wwf ok & mar&,uH x k d u f w ,f ? armif w if a &}} [k o*F Z mq&mawmf b k & m;u a[mMum; awmfrl&m OD;wifvnf; tuRwfw&m;&í ]]xef ; &nf t&uf u d k ygPk a ywH v S L ygNyD bk&m;}} [k q&mawmfbk&m;xH vSLNyD;aemuf ppfudkif;bufodkY ul;oGm;avonf/ þum; t&ufjyóemESihf ywfoufí usrf;*ef vuf rvGwfaom &Sif;vif;csufrsm;wnf;/ ]]ao&nft&ufaMumifh trSm;rsdK;pHk jzpf&yHkawG tifrwefrsm;ygw,f/ uRefawmf wdkY wkdif;jynfomr[kwfygbl;/ EdkifiHwkdif;vdkrSm yJ t&ufaomufoOl ;D a&wd;k aew,f/ a,musmf ; awGomru rde;f rawGyg aomufaomufvm Muw,f/ aomufolawGrsm;vmwmeJYtwl trSm;rsdK;pHk rIcif;rsdK;pHk wdk;aewmyJ}} vl x k O D ; vS 5.8.73 pma&;q&mBuD;vlxkOD;vS\ t&uf orm;trSm;wpfaxmifpmtkyfwGif txufyg twkdif; zwf½IrSwfom;&ygownf;/ Munf v G i f
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
12
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13
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14
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/
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r*F v ma&T a rmif ; (a&T j ynf o m) orm"d? ynm&Sdaom pGrf;&nfaumif; wdkYukd yk d i f q k d i f x m;aom vl o m;uk d ewf j rwf ewfaumif;wdkYonfyif ulnDrp ajr§mufpm; &ay\/ rdpäm'd|dewfrsm;jzpfaom (37)rif; ewftoD;oD;wdkY\&mZ0ifonf raumif;vS yg/ avmb? a'go? arm[w&m;rsm;\ w&m;ukd,frsm;jzihf olwpfyg;\ owfjzwf jcif; Oyapä'uuHxkdufí ao&jcif; paom jzpfpOfrsm; &SdcJhonfukd odcJh&ay\/ þuJhodkY vGJrSm;aom jzpfpOfrsm;&Sd onfukd ravhvm? rawGU&SdcJhaom a&SUvlBuD; rsm;onf vGJrSm;pGm ukd;uG,frdcJhonhftwGuf aMumif h aemif v maemuf o m; ,aeY r suf arSmufacwfvlom;rsm;wdkifatmif vGJrSm; aom t,l0g' pGJxifusef&pfcJhayawmh\/ vGJrSm;aom ukd;uG,frIt,l0g'&Sdolrsm; &SdcJh aomf v nf ; rS e f u ef a omt,l 0 g'&S d o nh f yk*¾Kdvfrsm;vnf; &SdcJhay\/ Ak'¨bk&m;&Sif\ qkH;rMo0g'ukd vkdufemusihfokH;í 0dZÆmtjrif? 0d Z Æ m tod w &m;wk d Y j zpf a om r*¾ i f ( 8)yg; tusihfjrwfw&m;vrf;aMumif;ay:okdY a&muf &SdcJhaom yk*¾Kdvfrsm;vnf; &SdcJhayonf/ Oyrm jy&ygrl a&S;acwftqufqufü aomwmyef? ou'g*grf? tem*grf? r*f? zdkvfw&m;rsm; &&Sdolrsm;ESihf t&d,molawmfaumif;rsm;? 0dZÆmtjrif? 0dZÆm todw&m;rsm; ay:ayguf cJ h o nh f y k * ¾ K d v f r sm;vnf ; ajrmuf j rm;pG m &SdcJhay\/ 0dZÆmw&m; jzpfonhf opömav;yg; jrwfw&m;ukd usihfBuH tm;xkwf BuKd;pm;cJhMu í jzpf y gonf / uk d , f w k d i f v nf ; usih f B uH tm;xkwfcJhMuí jzpfayonf/ þae&mwGif jrwfpGmbk&m;a[m Mum;cJhaom ]]twåm[d twåaem emaxm? aum[d e maxm ya&mod , m}} qk d o nh f w&m;awmfESihf avsmfnDpGm rdrdukd,fukdrdrd om qnf;uyfudk;uG,fxkduf\/ igbk&m;&Sif onf opömav;yg;? r*¾if&Spfyg; jrwfw&m; ukd vrf;ñTefjycJholomjzpf\/ usihfBuHBudK;pm; tm;xkwf&rnfrSm rdrdwdkYukd,fwkdifyif jzpfay \/ xkdYaMumihf rdrdukd,fudkom ukd;uG,f&m jzpf\[k a[mazmfqkH;r ñTefMum;cJhygonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/
od k Y j zpf y gí rd r d r S w pf y g; rd p ä m ewf w d k Y u k d ukd;uG,fqnf;uyfjcif; rjyKoihfyg/ þuJhodkY rdpäm'd|dtrSm;w&m;ESihf or®m'd|dtrSefw&m;wdkYukd ykdif;jcm;odjrifEkdif &efrSm cufcJygonf/ q&maumif;ESihfawGUrS trSefw&m;udk od&SdEkdifayrnf/ y#dpöorkyÜg'f w&m;awmft& opömav;yg; trSefw&m;ukd rod j cif ; aMumif h ocF g &w&m;tpk jyKjyif ajymif;vJrIw&m;? uHw&m;trIukd jyKjzpfMu \/ ,if;ocFg&jyKjyifjcif;w&m;aMumihfyif 0dÓPfw&m;tpkwdkY qufíjzpfay:vm\/ 0dÓPfw&m;aMumihf emr½ly? ½kyfemrfw&m; wd k Y jzpf a y:jyef \ / þod k Y t m;jzih f y#d p ö orkyÜg'fw&m; rjywfvnfywfaeawmh\/ rdrdwkdY ,ck&&Sdxm;aom b0onf Zmwd[k tpcsDum vlYb0jzpfvm&onfrSm avmu\ cPwmtcsdef {nhfonfyifjzpf ygonf/ Zmwdw&m;jzpfaom arG;zGm;jcif; b0tprS rvTJraoG tqkH;&v'fonfum; aoqkH;jcif;[lonhf r&Pw&m;yifjzpfav onf / ,ck & &S d x m;onh f b 0wef z d k ; uk d tusKd;&Sd&avatmif (odkYr[kwf) tjrwf vlom;b0jzpf&avatmif usihfBuHBuKd;pm; tm;xkwf&ygrnf/ odkYr[kwfygu t½IH;vl b0jzihf b0ukd tqkH;owf&ayvdrfhrnf/ ,ck vuf&Sdb0 rdpäm'd|dt,ltqjzihf b0 &yfwnfolrsm;onf t½IH;0#fa<u;w&m;rsm; uk d oH o &mb0rsm;txd ay;qyf M u&ay rnf/ bk&m;&Sifukd,fawmfjrwfBuD;onf bDpD (623)? ouú&mZf(68) ckESpfwGif vlYbkH? vl Y b 0ü pwif a rG ; zG m ;vm\/ ouú & mZf (103)ckESpfü oufawmf(35)ESpfwGif bk&m; tjzpf o d k Y a&muf a wmf r l \ / opö m av;yg; trSefw&m;ukd (45)0g wkdifwkdif owå0gteEÅ wdkYtm; a[mazmfñTefjy qkdqkH;rcJhygonf/ aemif v maemuf o m; Ak ' ¨ b mom0if "r® rdwfaqGrsm;twGuf Ak'¨bk&m;&Sif\omoem tarGtESpf xm;awmfrlcJh\/ ¤if;tarGtESpf ukd xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smuf&ef Ak'¨bmom0if wkdif;\ tBuD;rm;qkH;aom wm0efwpf&yf jzpfayonf/ t&d,molawmfaumif; tusihf jrwfw&m;rsm;jzpfonf 'ge? oDv? orx? bm0em? 0dyóem usihfBuHBuKd;pm;tm;xkwf ol r sm;onf tarG c H x k d u f o l w d k Y j zpf a y\/ avmuD? avmukwå&mtusKd;&v'faumif; rsm;ukdvnf; {uefrkcs&&SdrSm jzpfayonf/
od k Y j zpf y gí "r® r d w f a qG o l a wmf a umif ; taygif;wdkYonf Ak'¨bk&m;&Sifukd,fawmfjrwf BuD;\ omoemtarGukd arGcHxkdufoljzpfyg\ vm;? arGcHxkdufolr[kwfbJ&Sdyg\ jzpfonf vm;[lí rdrdukd,fukd a0zefokH;oyfMunhf&ef vkdtyfygayvdrfhrnf/ arGcHxkdufol rjzpfvm ao;ygu arGcHxkdufoljzpfatmif BuKd;pm; tm;xkwf&ygrnf/ pma&;ol\ wpfcsdefu vGJrSm;aom bmoma&;? omoema&;t,ltpGJrsm;rSm rdbozG,f aus;Zl;&Sifjzpfaom q&mOD;cspf \ qkH;roGefoifcsufrsm;aMumihf vrf;rSefodkY a&mufcJh&ygonf/ ]]tod w &m;? &S d a tmif x m; tusih f w &m;? NrJ r S e f t m; vl Y b 0[ef tjrif r S e f [ k } } pmcsKd ; jzih f v nf ; trS w f w & qk H ; ray;cJ h y g onf/ t,lrSm; t½IH;? vlYb0rSm t,lrSef tjrwf vlYb0 tjzpfodkY b0udk ajymif;vTJ aexkdifoGm;cJhaom twk,lzG,f&m yk*¾Kdvf wpfOD;ukdvnf; pma&;ol awGUcJhzl;ygonf/ uREfkyfonf &yfuGuf twGif;ü wkduftdrf wpf v k H ; rG e f ; rH j yKjyif j cif ; tvk y f w pf c k u k d vufcH&&SdcJhygonf/ xkdtcsdefu wdkuftdrf ykdif&Sifonf oeyfcg;xkwfvkyfa&; vkyfief; &S i f w pf O D ; jzpf a y\/ td r f y k d i f & S i f o nf (37)rif;ewfwdkYukd rSm;,Gif;pGm ½dk½dkaoao ud k ; uG , f q nf ; uyf o nf u d k awG U &S d & ay\/ tdrfa&SUrsufESmpmü eHu½kdif; ausmif;aqmif Bu;D ukd crf;em;xnf0gpGm aqmufvyk u f ;dk uG,f xm;ygonf / pma&;ol xk d t d r f rG r f ; rH jyKjyifjcif; tvkyfvkyfaepOf tcsdefumvü ewfuawmfwpfOD;a&mufvm\/ ewfuawmf onf tajymaumif ; ta[maumif ; ES i h f ajcmufvkdufajr§mufvkdufvkyfum odrf;oGif; oGm;vkdufonfrSm ¤if;tdrfü ewf uem;yGJukd tBuD;tus,fjyKvkyfvkduf&yg ayawmhonf/ oeyf c g;vk y f i ef ; yk d i f & S i f xk d t d r f & S i f o nf y&[d w tvk y f E S i h f 'gejyKjcif ; tvk y f ? aumif;rIukodkvftvkyfwdkYüvnf; vufraES;wef; 0goemygoljzpfay\/ om; orD;? wl? wlr? aqGrsKd;wdkYESihf ywf0ef;usif rdwfaqGwdkY\ om;orD;? vli,fwdkYudkvnf; &SifjyKem;otvSLukd tBuD;tus,fjyKvkyf tvSLay;avh&Sdwwfayonf/ tvSLvkyfonhf tcg rd½dk;zvm trSm;t,lpGJrsm; &Sdaeonhf tavsmuf &Sifavmif;rsm;tm; ewfukdjyí
ylaZmfuefawmhMuonhftavhtxrsm; vkyf Muygonf/ (8)ESpfrQ Mumaomtcg xkdwkduf td r f t m; aemuf w pf B ud r f jyef v nf r G r f ; rH jyKjyifaq;okwfjcif; tvkyftyfjyefygonf/ tvkyfvufcH&ef xkdtdrfodkYa&mufoGm;pOfwGif xl;qef; tHhMozG,f&mjrifuGif;rSm tdrfa&SU rsufESmpmü eHu½kdif;uRJewfeef;taqmuf tOD;r&Sad wmhay/ ajymif;vGo J mG ;onhf jrifuiG ;f aMumihf tdrfykdif&Siftm; uREfkyf pl;prf;ar;jref; rdygawmh\/ tdrfykdif&Sifonf 0ihf<um;xnf0gpGm jzih f ]ruk d ; uG , f x k d u f o nh f } twG u f ,ck rawG U &S d & jcif ; jzpf o nf [ k ajzygonf / rlvukd;uG,f xm;aom ewfpifwkdY\ae&mü bk&m;? &[ef;? oHCmawmfwkdY\ MunfnKd zG,f&mykHawmfrsm;? bmoma&; pmtkyfpmay rsm; tpm;xkd;awGU jrif&onhf jrifuGif;rSm Munf n Kd a v;pm;zG , f &mjzpf y gonf / uREfkyf&ifwGif;üvnf; MunfnKdrdí om"k? om"k? om"k tBudrfBudrf ac:aerdygawmh onf/ tdrfykdif&Sifu xyfqihf ajymjyonfrSm bk & m;wynh f o m; oH C mawmf q&m t&SifjrwfwdkY\ Ak'¨bmomt,l0g' trSef w&m;rsm; emMum;&jcif;ESihf rdpäm'd|d ewfrsm; \ t,l 0 g'rS m ;,G i f ; jcif ; w&m;wd k Y u d k emMum;vkduf&jcif;aMumihf ,ckuJhokdY tcsdef wdkwdkjzihf jrefjreftodw&m;trSef &vkduf onfjzpfaMumif; ½kd;om;rSefuefpGm ajymjy ygonf/ rSefuefaomtodw&m;rsm; &&SdNyD; onhftcsdefrSpí &wemokH;yg;ukd qnf;uyf jcif;? uH uH\tusK;d w&m;rsm;udk ,kMH unfjcif; 'ge? oDv? orx? bm0em? 0dyóemw&m; rsm; wpkdufrwfrwf owdxm;ukd;uG,faeNyD jzpfaMumif;udkvnf; ajymjyygonf/ Ak'¨bk&m; &S i f \ omoemtarG u k d v nf ; av;euf ,k H M unf p G m tarG c H x k d u f o l j zpf a tmif quf v uf x d e f ; od r f ; oG m ;rnf j zpf a Mumif ; xyfavmif;ajymjyoGm;cJhygonf/ rdpäm'd|dt,lrSm;rS or®m'd|dt,lrSef tjrifopfodkY ajymif;vTJoGm;aom xkdoeyfcg; vkyfief;ykdif&Sifonf 'geaumif;rIukd o'¨g w&m; av;av;eufeuf vSL'gef;avh&Sdjcif;? y&[dwvkyfief;wdkYüvnf; ukd,fwkdifukd,fus jyKvkyfOD;aqmifwwfjcif; taMumif;w&m; aumif;wdkYaMumifh &wemokH;yg; tjrwfxm; í ÓPfrsufpdtvif;&ol uvsmPykxkZOf
DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES "r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mjzLpifjrihfjrwfrI 0de,udkaqmifEkdifMu&efjzpfonf/
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owif;pOf 'gef;yifwJ&GmwGif pwkw¦tBudrf oufBuD;ylaZmfyGJusif;yrnf ppfukdif;wkdif;a'oBuD;? rkH&GmNrKdUe,f? 'gef;yifwJ&Gm? ykAÁm½kHausmif;awmfwGif q&mawmfb'´EÅZedE´om& (o'¨r® aZmwdu"Z? q&mawmfrkH&GmaeZm) BuD;rSL;usif;yaom pwkw¦tBudrf oufBuD;ylaZmfyGJESihf pmay qkay;yGJ? pmaya[majymyGJwdkYukd 1373 ckESpf? ewfawmfvjynhf (11.12.2011) we*FaEG aeYü usif;yrnfjzpfonf/ 10.12.2011 paeaeY naeykdif; wGif &efukefNrKdUrS pma&;q&m? t,f'DwmESihf xkwfa0olrsm; vSL'gef;vkdufaom pmtkyfrsm; ukd 'gef;yifwJ&Gm ]]wkd;wufvli,fpmMunhf wkduf}} odkY ay;tyfvSL'gef;jcif;? nOD;ykdif;wGif uAsm? aqmif;yg;? 0w¦Kwdk NyKdifyGJqk&&Sdolrsm; tm; qkcsD;jr§ihfjcif;? q&m0if;ol& (ra[oD)? q&mxufausmf? q&ma&Tatmifoif;? q&m armifwnfat;? q&mr jraESmif;nKdESihf uvsmNidrf;pHwdkYu pmaytEkynmqkdif&m odrSwfzG,ftjzmjzmwdkYukd a[majymjcif;? a&;ol^zwfol aqG;aEG;jcif;wdkYukd pDpOfxm; onf/ 11.12.2011 we*FaEGaeY eHeuf (9;00) em&DwGif q&mawmf rkH&GmaeZmESihf tvSL&Sifrsm;u touf(75)ESpfrS txuf tzkd;? tbG m ;(40)ausmf w d k Y t m; tvS L aiG E S i h f ypö n f ; rsm;vS L 'gef ; jcif ; ? a*gp&*grf & S d bk e f ; awmf B uD ; ausmif ; (15)ausmif ; rS q&mawmf oHCmawmf(25)yg;wdkYtm; aeYqGrf;qufuyf NyD; ouFef;ESihf vSLzG,f0w¦Krsm; vSL'gef;jcif;? pma&;wHrJcsvSL'gef;jcif;? &GmvkH;uRwf ]]AsKdU[pf}} í xrif;auR;jcif;? rGef;vGJykdif;wGif w&m;em a&pufcsí ckepfaeY om;orD;rsm;tm; trQay;a0Murnfjzpfonf/ pmMunhfwkduftwGuf pmtkyfrsm;ESihf oufBuD;ylaZmfyGJrsm;twGuf tvSLaiGrsm; xnhf0ifvSL'gef;vkdygu "r®0D&*sme,fwkduf ESihf q&mawmfrkH&GmaeZm (2)0kdif;? atmifpE´m od'd¨ausmif;wkduf? yg&rDvrf; (5)&yfuGuf? awmifOuúvmy? zkef;- 095096982 odkY tusKd ; awmf a qmif qufoG,fvSL'gef;EkdifaMumif; owif;&&Sd onf/ tjzpfodkY tusKd;w&m;aumif; vsifjrefpGm oHo&mvnfonhfw&m;aMumifh rdrdwdkY jyKvkyf pmrsuf E S m 37 rS &&Sdjcif;jzpfonf[k uREfkyf,kHMunfrdygawmh rSm;,Gif;aom ]uHw&m;} wdkYukd rxdef;csKyf aumif;jyefonf/ tvSw&m;onf olYae&m \/ EkdifMuojzihf uHw&m;\ypfcs&mukd cH&ay ESihfol&Sdaeonf/ 'gudk- udk,fu cHpm;wwfrS jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f u awmh \ / ]0d e d y gwd u } ac: y&rf ; ywm jrifEdkifonf/jrifEdkifrSvnf; cHpm;wwfEdkif raumif ; rI j yKaom ol o nf oHo&mb0ab;ukdvnf; &&Sdayawmh\/ onf/ vSyrIudk jrwfEdk;aom vlwpfa,muf ypö K yÜ e f b0üvnf ; pk d ; &d r f & \/ wrvG e f ÓPfom trd? ÓPfom tz [l twGuf tvSw&m;u ae&mwkdif;rSm&Sdae b0üvnf; pkd;&drf&\/ ypöKyÜef? wrvGef aom or®m'd|dtjrifrSefw&m;&Sdol uvsmP onf/ ae&m wkdif;rSm awGUaernfyif/ EG,f ES p f b 0vk H ; üvnf ; pk d ; &d r f & \/ rd r d \ ykxkZOfwdkYonf oHo&mrS xGufajrmuf&m jrufyifav; wpfyGihfyJjzpfaeyg ap..jrif npf E G r f ; aom raumif ; rI u H u k d awG U jrif edAÁmefcsrf;omodkY OD;wnfaom r*¾ifvrf;r wwf? cHpm;wwf u tvSudk jrifEdkifcHpm;Edkif &í pk d ; &d r f & \/ yif y ef ; qif ; &J &\/ BuD;ay:ü avQmufrdvsufom; jzpfavawmh avrnf/ aumif ; rI j yKaomol o nf ypö K yÜ e f \/ b0oHo&müvnf; NrJaom*wd? ok*wd vSyrIudk zsufqD;wwfaom vl wpf b0üvnf ; 0rf ; ajrmuf & \/ ES p f b 0 bkHb0rsm;üomvQif edAÁmefra&mufrDpyfMum; a,mufteD;rSm tvSw&m;ur&S/d vGiafh jy;ae vkH;üyif 0rf;ajrmuf&\/ rdrd\ pifMu,f usifvnf&ayawmh\/ xkdYaMumihf uREfkyfwdkY wwfonf/ xdkodkYaomvlu tvS w&m;udk aom uk o d k v f uH u k d j rif & í 0rf ; ajrmuf vlom;tm;vkH;wdkYonf &&Sdxm;aom b0 rcHpm;Edkif? rjrifEkdifay/ uRefawmf ajymaom &\/ yk d í yk d í 0rf ; ajrmuf & \/ rqkH;½IH;&atmif owdw&m; vufudkifxm;í tvSw&m;rSm ½kyf0w¬Kqkdif&m 0ef;usif\ ("r® y ') t&d,mopömrkcfOD;qDodkY avQmufvSrf;um Ak'¨ tvS w &m;jzpf o nf / wpf e nf ; ajym&&if bk&m;? w&m;? oHCm &wemokH;yg; "r®omoemtarGudk qufcHí trsKd;bmom? pdwf\tvS w&m;jzpfonf/ pdwf\ tvS ukd udk;uG,folwdkYonf tjrwfqkH;ukd ukd;uG,f omoemukd xdef;odrf;apmihfa&SmufMu&efrSm w&m;u ysdK;axmifxm;&if; ryGifhra0 cifrSm ol w d k Y r nf a y\/ tjrwf q k H ; uk d ; uG , f o l w d k Y Ak'¨bmom0if vlom;tm;vkH;wdkY\ tBuD;rm; usd K ;ysuf oG m ;wwf o nf / vl o nf twå onf tjrwfqkH;aomtusKd;ukd &Muay\/ qkH;aom wm0efwpf&yfjzpfygayawmhonf/ e,fy,fudk xlaxmifoljzpfonfh tm;avsmf uk d , f y k d i f o H a 0* pGm avmb? a'go? arm[[laom usm;oHk; (£wd0kwf t*¾yom'okwf) aumif a tmuf r S m pd w f \ tvS w &m;u t½IH;vltjzpfrS tjrwfvltjzpfodkY ih g emrnf v nf ; igr[k w f aysmufysufvGihfjy,f oGm;wwfonf/ ajymif;vJ&mwGif tarSmifrS tvif;odkY 0if ih g cE¨ m vnf ; igryk d i f a y uReaf wmfuawmh uReaf wmfu h , kd rf mS a&mufvmolESihf wl\/ tE¨ykxkZOfrS uvsm igyk d i f r nf x if igh p d w f u d k y if f vSw&m; raysmufatmif &SmazG P ykxkZOfb0odkYjzpf&ef rarhravsmhaom igawG;Munhfawmh ihgpdwftvGJ a&mufae &Sad om pdwt ae&if ; jrif w wf ? cH p m;wwf a tmif a wmh owd w &m;jzih f 0d y óemw&m;ud k v nf ; \ / tcsdef,lavhusihf&OD;rnf/ onfvdkavhusihf tm;xkwfrS tusKd;&Sdayvdrhfrnf/ rdpäm'd|d igpG J u Rwf & ef usef a eygao;\/ r*F v ma&T a rmif ; (a&T j ynf o m) &ifawmifrS pdwf\ tvSw&m;onf wpfcg t,lrSm;,lolrsm;onf w&m;udk,ftm;jzihf wpf&H aysmufysufysuf qD;aewwfonf/ t0dZÆmtp Z&m? r&PtqkH; y#dpöorkyÜg'f rS D N id r f ; vif ; jrwf ( jref r mpm) -t*F k w ¦ K d & f y gVd ? ck ' ´ u ed u m,f 'gaMumih f . ...vif
THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON PATTHANUDDESA DIPANI.
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"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/
rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u
aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDq
a&;om;jyKpka
y|mEka ' -
THE PATTHANU O THE BUDDSHIT PHILO by
Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, TRANSLATED into English by Sa Masoyein Monastery, M
(,cif t ywf r S t quf )
y|mEk a '´ o 'D y eD e d ó , earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or® m orÁ K '¨ ó / yPmr (1) teEÅÓPawaZe? teEÅe,a'ouH/ teEÅZdeH ewGme? teEÅb0yg&*Hk/ (2) teEÅ,vuFm&H? teEÅÓPa*gp&H/ teEÅb0ed,smeH? "r®Íö arm["HouH/ (3) teEÅ&,*AÇrSd? b@m*g&duoEédbH/ oHCÍöó ork*¢gw? reEÅau’ooÍö,H/ (4) teEÅEsy|meó? ,m Oa'´ow¬ol'eD/ r[max&e v,fwDwd? okawe ocFwmokwm/ (5) aomwleH eEÅÓa,ok? okokcH Ak'¨d0d'¨d,m/ u&dóH edó,H wóm? y|mEka'´o'DyEsm/ t[H? igonf/ teEÅÓPawaZe? tqHk;tqr&Sd odjrif Edkifaom oAÁnKwÓPfawmf\tpGrf;jzihf/ teEÅ,a'ouH? tqHk; tqr&Sd rsm;bdodef;aomif; enf;taygif;ESihfjynhfpHkaom teEÅe, orEÅy|mef;usrf;BuD;udk a[mawmfrlaywwfxaom/ teEÅeb0 yg&*Hk? tqHk;tqr&Sd jzpfbdrsm;udk oHo&mpcef; rSmzufurf;odkY pHjref;awmf rlwwfaom/ teEÅZdeH? qHk;qrxifrsm;jzihf Adkvfxk&ef owåKudk wpfckrusef trSefatmifjrif atmifyGJqifawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;BuD;udk/ ewGme- ermrd? &Sdcdk;yg\/ ewGme? &Sdcdk;NyD;í? teEÅe,vuFm&H? tqHk; tqr&Sdaomenf;wdkYjzihf wefqmqiftyf aom/ teEÅÓPa*gp&H? tqHk;tqr&Sd odjrifEdkifaom oAÁnKw ÓPfawmf\om usufpm; &mjzpfawmfrlxaom/ teEÅb0ed,smeH? tqHk;tqr&Sd jzpfbdrsm;pGm oHo&mrS rMumr&Snf ab;rJhjynfodkY twnfcsdKufcsdKuf ½kwfjcnf; qdkufatmif xkwfaqmifawmfrlwwf xaom/ arm["HouH? trdkuf yif&if; arm[oif;udk ESdrfeif;zsif;qD; awmfrlwwfaom/ "r®Íö? r*f av;wef zdkvfav;wef edAÁmefy&d,wf tjrwfq,fazmf w&m;awmfudkvnf;/ ewGme- ermrd? &Sdcdk;yg\/ ewGme? &Sdcdk;NyD;í/ teEÅe,*AÇ rSd? tqHk;tpr&Sd rsm;bdodef;aomif;
BUDDHISM views the world, with the exception of Nibbana and Paññatti, to be impermanent liable to suffering, and without soulessence. So Buddhihst philosopy, to elaborate the impermanency as applied to the Law of Perpetual Change, has from the outset dissolved all things, all phenomena both psychical and physical, into a countinous succession of happening of states (sabha-va) of mind and matter, under the Fivefold Law of Cosmic Order (Niya-ma). And the happenings are determined and determining, both as to their constitment stages and as to other happenings, in a variety of ways, which Buddhist Philosophy expresses by the term 'paccayas' or 'relations'. One complex happening of mental and material stages with is three phases of time-genesis or birth, cessation or death and a static interval between, is followed by another happening, wherein there is always a causal series of relations. Nothing is casual fortuitous. When one happening by its arising, peristing, cessation, priority, and posteriority, is determined by and determing another happening by means of producing (janaka), supporting (upathambhaka), and maintaining (anupa-lana), the former is called the relating thing (paccaya-dhamma), the latter the related thing (paccayuppanna-dhamma); and the dertermination, or the influence, or the specific function, is called the correlativity (paccaya-satti). As the various kinds of influence are apparently known, the relations are classified into the following 24 species:___ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
Hetu–––condition or root. Aramman.a––––object Adhipati––––dominance. Anantara––––continguity. Samanantara–––––immediate contiguity. Sahaja-li––––co-existence. Aññamañña––––reciprocity Nissaya–––––dependence.
- - THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A NAPANA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/
21
usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf
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'¨o'D-yeD-
DDESA DIPANI R SOPHY OF RELATIONS y
Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt. ayadaw U Nyana, Patamagyan of Mandalay, Myanmar. enf;taygif;ESihf jynhfpHkaom y|mef;usrf;wnf[laom wdkufcef;BuD;ü/ b@m*g&duodEédbH? b@m pdk;ESihfwlawmfrlayxaom/ teEÅau’o oÍö,H? tqHk;tqr&Sdaom udavomtpkudk/ ork*¢gwH? t<uif;rJh zsufqD;awmfrlwwfaom/ tó? xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;BuD;\/ oHCÍö? r*¾ | mef a v;yg; zv|mef av;yg; þ&S p f y g;aom t&d,moHCmawmfjrwf taygif;udkvnf;/ ewGme? ermrd? &Sdcdk;yg\/ ewG m e? &S d c d k ; NyD ; í/ v,f w D w d ? v,f w D q &m awmf b k & m;[l í / okawe? EdkifiHwumwdkYü aMujimxifjcm; ausmfMum; awmfrlayaom/ r[maxa&e? wdyd#uyg*l jzpfawmfrlaom r[m ax&fBuD;onf/ ocF w m? aumif ; pG m wD x G i f pD & if j yKpk a wmf r l t yf a om/ teEÅEsmy|meó? teEÅe,jzpfaom orEÅy|mef;usrf;BuD;\/ Oa'´ ow¬ol'eD? ypö,ka'´oygVdawmf\ teuft"dyÜm,f toG,foG,f\ tus,frxkwf tusOf;csKyfí jy&mjyaMumif;jzpfaom/ ,m y|mEka'´ o'DyeD? tMuif y|mEka'´o'DyeDusr;f onf/ okwm? t*FvefuRe;f Bu;D wkdifatmif ausmfMum;ysHUESHUavNyD/ teEÅ Ó a,ok ? tqH k ; tpr&S d a om y|mef ; enf ; wd k Y ü / aomwleH? pmoifom;wdkY\/ okokcH? csrf;csrf;omom/ 0g? vG,fvG,f ulul/ Ak'¨d0d'¨d,m? tbd"r®m ÓPf &ifhoefwdk;yGm;jcif;iSm/ wó y|mEka'´o'DEsm? xdky|mEka'´o 'DyeDusrf;\/ edó,H? jrefrmbmom rSD&mtw¬ edó,udk/ u&dóH-? u&dómrd? jyKpD&ifaytHhownf;/ 1/ a[wk y pö a ,m a[wk y pö n f ; \ o½k y f u d k j yjcif ; uwarm? tb,fw&m;onf/ a[wkypöa,m? a[wkypön;f rnfoenf;/ avmabm? avmbw&m;onf/ a[wkypöa,m? a[wk ypön;f rnf\/ a'gaom? a'gow&m;onf/ a[wkypöa,m? a[wk ypön;f rnf\/ arma[m? arm[w&m;onf/ a[wkypöa,m? a[wk ypön;f rnf\/ tavmabm? tavmbw&m;onf/ a[wkypöa,m? a[wkypönf; rnf\/ ta'gaom? ta'gow&m;onf/ a[wkypö a,m? a[wk ypönf;rnf\/ tarma[m? tarm[w&m;onf/
(9) Upanissaya––––sufficing condition (10) Pureja-ta–––pre-existence. (11) Pacha-ja-ta––––causal relation of posteriority in time. (12) Asevana––––habitual recurrence. (13) Kamma––––kamma or action. (14) Vipa - - ka––––effect. (15) A ha ra––––food. (16) Indriya–––control. (17) Jha-na––––jhna or ecstacy. (18) Magga––––Path. (19) Sampuyutta––––association. (20) Vippayutta––––dissociation, (21) Atthi––––presence. (22) Natthi––––absence. (23) Vigata––––abeyance. (24) Avigata––––continuance. These 24 species of relations are extensively and fully expounded in the severnth and last of the analytical works in the Abhidhamma Pitaka of the Buddhist Canon, called the Pat.t. ha-na–––'the Eminence', or the Maha--Pakrana–––'the Great Book'. The well-known Ledi Saya-daw Maha-thera, D.Litt. Aggamahapandita has written in Pali- a concue exposition of these relations known as Pat.t.ha-nudesad1-pan1-, in order to help those who wish to study the Buddhist philosophy of relations expounded in that Great Book. In introducing these relations to the student of philosophical reserach before he takes the opportunity of making himself acquainted with the methodological claboration of correlations in the Patthana, the Eminent Great Book, the Mahathera deals with the subject under three heads:––– (1) The Paccayattha-d1-pana or the Analytical. Exposition of Relations with their denotations and connotations.
THE LEDI DHAMMA ON PAT.T.HA NUDDESA
22
"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/
a[wkypöa,m? a[wkypönf;rnf\/ a[wk y pö n f ; \ ypö , k y Ü e f w &m;ud k j yjcif ; uwar? tb,frnfuek af om/ "r®m? w&m;wdo Yk nf/ a[wk ypö,ó? a[wkypön;f \/ ypö,yk eÜ Eém? ypö,yk eÜ jf zpfaom w&m;wdYk rnfuek o f enf;/ avmbo[Zmwm? avmbESiw fh uG jzpfuek af om/ pdwå apwodum? pdwfapwoduf jzpfukefaom/ "r®mp? w&m;wdkY onfvnf;aumif;/ ½lyuvmyg? ½kyfuvmyfjzpfukefaom/ "r®mp? w&m;wdo Yk nfvnf;aumif;/ a[wkypö,awm? a[wkypön;f aMumih/f OyÜEmé ? jzpfuek o f nfjzpfí/ a[wkypö,yk EÜ mé ? a[wkypön;f \ ypö,yk eÜ f jzpfuek af om/ "r®m? w&m;wdrYk nfuek \ f / a'goo[Zmwm? a'goESifh wuGjzpfuek af om/ arm[o[Zmwm? arm[ESiw fh uGjzpfuek af om/ tavmbo[Zmwm? tavmbESihfwuGjzpfukefaom/ ta'go[ Zmwm? ta'goESiw hf uG jzpfuek af om/ tarm[o[Zmwm? tarm[ ESiw hf uGjzpfuek af om/ pdwå apwodum? pdwaf pwodujf zpfuek af om/ "r®mp? w&m;wdkYonfvnf;aumif;/ ½lyuvmyg? ½kyfuvmyfjzpfukef aom/ "r®mp? w&m;wdo Yk nfvnf;aumif;/ a[wkypö,awm? a[wk ypön;f aMumif/h OyÜEmé ? jzpfuek o f nfjzpfí? a[wkypö,yk eÜ Ef mé ? a[wk ypönf;\ ypö,kyÜefjzpfukefaom/ "r®m? w&m;wdkY rnfukef\/ o[Zmwm½k y f \ o½k y f E S i h f y#d o E¨ d u © P y0wå d u mvwd k Y u d k yd k i f ; jcm; a0zef í jyjcif ; o[Zmw½lyuvmyg emr? o[Zmw½lyuvmy rnfonf um;/ oa[wkuy#doE¨u d a© P? o[dwyf #doaE¨cPü/ ur®Z½lyged p? ur®Z½kyfwdkYonfvnf;aumif;/ y0wådumav? y0wådtcgü/ oa[wku pdwåZ½lygedp? o[dwfpdwåZ½kyfwdkYonfvnf;aumif;/ o[Zmwm ½lyuvmyg emr? o[Zmw ½lyuvmygrnf\/ ww¬ 0pae? xdpk um;&yfü/ y#doEéu d a© Pm emr? y#doaE¨cP rnfonf um;/ y#doE¨pd w d ó å ? y#doaE¨pw d \ f / OyÜm'u©aPm? Oyg'fcPud/k 0kpöwd? qdktyf\/ y0wåd umavmemr? y0wådumv rnfonfukd/ y#doE¨dpdwåó? y#doaE¨pdwf\/ Xdwdu©Pawm? XDcPrS? y|m,? pí/ ,m0pkwu d mvm? pkwd umvwdik f atmif/ 0kpw ö ?d qdt k yf\/ a[wk o '´ g ypö , o'´ g wd k Y \ teuf u d k j yjcif ; auea|e? tb,foaYkd om teufoabmaMumih/f a[wk? a[wk r nf o enf ; / auea|e? tb,f o d k Y a om teuf o abm aMumih/f ypöa,m? ypön;f rnfoenf;/ £wdt,H? þonfum;/ ykpmä ? tar;wnf;/ rlava|e? tjrpf[laom teufoabmaMumihf/ a[wk ? a[wk r nf \ / Oyum&ua|e? aus;Zl ; jyKwwf a om teufoabmaMumih/f ypöa,m? ypön;f rnf\/ £wdt,H? þonf um;/ 0doZÆem? tajzwnf;/ ww¬pae? xdpk um;&yfü/ rlv,rau?
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(2) The Paccayasabha-gsangaho or the Synthesis of Relations; The Paccaya-ghatana--nayo or the Synchrony Ä (3) of Relations. The following translation has been undertaken with the hope of rendering the Ledi Sayadaw, work intelligible to the English student. If the present Translation makes any contribution to the Advancement of Learning and KnowledgeÄin the matter of apprehending the general scheme of causal laws in terms of 'relations' in the field of Buddhist philosopy, the translator will deem himself well rewarded for his labour. It may, however, be necessary to mention here that the original form, sense, and meaning of the Venerable Author are, as far as possible, cautiously preserved; hence the literal character of the translation–––if it appears so –– in some places. Nevertheless, the translator ventures to hope that any discrepancy that may have crep in, will be accordingly overlooked. In conclusion, it is with great pleasure that I express my Ä indebtedness to U Aung Hla, M.A (Cantab). Barrister-atLaw who has very kindly, amidst his own many duties, taken the trouble of revising the manuscript, and has also helped me in getting it through the press and in the correction of the proof; Ä my thanks are also due to Saya U Ba, M.A,. A.T.M, for his valuable assistance, and to the Printers for their courtesy and co-operation. Ä Last, but not least, I must greatfully acknowledge the timely help from U Ba Than and Daw Tin Tin, of Rangoon who have voluntarily and so generously undertaken to meet the cost of publication of one thousand copies of the book, which but for their kind suggestion, would not have materialised in this form. SAYADAW U NYANA Masoyein Monastery, Mandalay West, February, 1935. (To Be Continued)
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TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA "r®0D&onf ax&0g' ]oeEÅ&}xGef;um;&efjzpfonf/
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jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdkY ü t&n0goD a wm&yf r S D v suf a eavh & S d a wmf r l a om
r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f a&;om;pD & if a wmf r l a o omm "ar® m 0g'uxm
omoemawmfBuD; \ a&aomufjrpfoHk;oG,f (omoem jyKvkyfief;tydkif;) (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) igwdkYacwf xdkvufeufrsm;jzihf &efratmifEkdifonfrSm oDv tm;enf;yg;jcif;aMumihfwnf;/ oDvtm; enf;yg;ol\ qdkaomopömpum;onf acG;avS; ckefí zkefrxonfhyrmom/ oDvtm; enf;yg;ol\ cGihfvTwftm;onfum; jcifupm; t,m;ajyrQom/ oDvtm;enf;yg;ol\ arwåmxm;onfum; olawmfrS ud, k f aumif;onfht&mrQom/ odkYaMumihfvQif.... qdkaomopömpum;onfvnf;aumif;? xm;aom arwåm tm;onfvnf;aumif;? ckcHxm;aom cGifhvTwftm;rsm;onfvnf; aumif;? oD[Am[kom;tay: ½Ionfyrmaumif;wkef;omxuf qdk; vQifysufcJh&acsonf/ zHkoJrsm;udk tajcmufwdkuf ypfvTwfonfhyrm vkd&modkY wnfhwnfhrusomNyD/ usaomfrSvnf; txdremNyD/ þrsufarSmufacwfrSmaum oDv0dok'd¨ESihf NyD;jynhfpHkavol olawmfaumif;BuD;rsm; r&Sdav&moavm/ &Sdonfum; rSef\/ odkYwapvnf; xdkxdkolawmfaumif;BuD;rsm;onf &moDcsdef r[kwfbJ &ihfrSnhf&aom o&ufoD;rSnhfrsKd;yrm tvGefYtvGef &Sm;yg; acs&um;.... wpfudk,fa& wpfum,twGufrQom ckcHumuG,fEkdiftm; &Sdygonf/ teD;&Sd vufvSrf;rD a0ae,srQudkom tumtuG,f ay;Ekdif tm;&Sdygonf/ o'¨gppfjzihf rSDcdkol wpfbdkYwpfpkrQavmufvdkom umuG,f ay;Ekdiftm; &Sdygonf/ trsm;tm;vHk;wdkYodkYvnf;aumif;? wpfavmuvHk;odkYvnf; aumif; odrf;usHK;Ekdifonftxd roufa&mufapNyD/ bk&m;&Sif\ rsufarSmufawmfumvwkef;uum; olawmfaumif;tpm;pm; rsm;vGef;vSonfu wpfaMumif;
Ak'¨KyÜg'acwf tppfjzpfavonfuwpfaMumif;wdkYaMumihf... wpfOD;kzihf trsm;udk umuG,fEkdifygonf/ trsm;jzihf trsm;udkvnf; umuG,fEkdifygonf/ onfhtwl wpfOD;jzihfwpfOD;? trsm;jzihf trsm;ukdvnf; umuG,fEkdifygonf/ bk&m;&Sif aemufyg &[ef;awmfESpfaomif; tNcHt&Hjzihf t&ufrl;orm; emVm*D&dqifudk atmifEkdifjcif;u oufaownf;/ bk&m;&Sif...udk,fawmfxD;xD;wpfyg;wnf;jzihf aumvd, uyÜdvom;taygif;wdkY\ a&vkyGJrSjzpfaom ab;udkwm;qD;ay;jcif;u oufaownf;/ tu,fíom.... þrsufarSmufacwfüvnf; oDv0dok'd¨ESihf jynhfpHkMuygukef aom olawmfaumif;tpm;pm;wdYk xGe;f um;vmacsaomf trsK;d bmom omoemESihf owå0gtm;vHk;wdkYtwGuf tumtuG,fay;EkdifrnfrSm jiif;p&mvdkrnfrxifygacs/ xdkodkY tumtuG,f ay;EkdifonfrSmvnf; o'¨g,Hk,Hkolrsm;üom tumtuG,fay;Ekdifrnf? wPSm ,HkwdkYudkum; ray;Ekdif/ tavmif;awmfwdkY vuf0,f&Sd vufeufav;rsKd;wdkYwGif cE¨Darwåmum; oDvtjynhfygaom rdrd\ "r®"mwftm;rS "mwfuljzihf atmifEkdifap\/ opömum; rdrd\ oDvtm;udkrSDí wpfzuf\ ewfuljzihf atmifEkdifap\/ odkYaMumihf xdkvufeufav;rsKd;wdkYonf rdrdtwGuf tm;vHk; toHk;usapNyD; olwpfyg;wdkYüum; wPSmavmifpm odkrSD;xm; &Sdol wPSm,HkolwdkYum; rusoufapEkdifNyD/ olwpfyg;ay;rS&aom yg&rDxl;BuD; cE¨DwpfvHk; tNrJoHk; tqHk;edAÁmef0if txufyg tavmif;awmfwum olawmfpGmwdkY udkifpGJaom vufeufav;rsKd;wdkYwGif... cEÅDonf tcufqHk;aom t&maywnf;/ yg&rDüvnf; ¤if;cEÅDonfom tcufqHkh;wnf;/ pmrsuf E S m 38 od k Y
DHAMMA TALKS
24
]oeEÅ&} [lonf urÇmtpOftquf razmufrjyef rSefpGmwnf&Sdaom w&m;jzpfonf/
Ak a '¨ g &ot&S i f £ E´ m p&d , (aAm"d & d y f N id r f )
,cif t ywf r S t quf þvrf ; þpcef ; Bud K ;yrf ; ap a,m*DudavomwdkufyGJ qifETJzdkY&ef tcsdefum;usa&mufvdkY vmacsNyD/ b0oHo&mwpfavQmufvHk; udavomwdkY\ vufatmuf rS xGufaygufromvdkY xGuf&onf[lí vHk;0r&SdcJhygacs/ udavom wdkYum; ocifjzpfNyD; oifum; uReftaptyg;omjzpfcJh&\/ ,ck w&m;pcef;0if&efyif udavomwdkYu cGihfrjyKcsifMuay/ oihfudk tBudKufay;í tkyfcsKyfcJh? rBudKufaw;í tkyfcsKyf cJh? trdkufaq;a<u;ívnf; tkyfcsKyfcJhyg\/ þodkY ponfjzihf oif\ &efolum; wl&maygif;í ppfaMumif;csDwdkufcdkufaeonfrSm &efol udavom wpfaxmihfig;&m&SdMu\/ olwdkYudkum; ckcHwdkufcdkufp&myif vufeufrjrifcJh/ vufeufjrifaomfvnf; udkifcGihfromcJh/ udkifcGihf omaomfvnf; ypfcGihfr&SdcJh/ ypfcGihf&Sdaomfvnf; rypfwwfí ajymif;0 rdrdbufodkYvSnhfrdcJhojzihf ao&wmvnf; renf;vSNyD/ aoavorQ t½dk;wdkYudk pkvdkYyHkrnfqdkvQif jrihfrkd&fawmifru &SdacscJhavNyD/ udavom&efolwdkYudk wdkufcdkuf&mü oifhtwGuf vufeuf um; owdomjzpf\/ oifypf&rnfh&efolum; udavom &efolwdkYrS 'ku©ay;rnfh teD;uyf&efoljzpf\/ ypf&efenf;um; yHkrSefrysuf wcsufcsufypfae&efyifwnf;/ þowdvufeufudk bk&m;paom t&d,myk*¾dKvf tpm;pm; wdkYonf rdrdydkifydkif vufudkifjyKMuvsuf wdkufyGJqifETJvmcJhMuojzihf atmifyGJtvDvD atmifjrifawmfrlcJhMuavNyD/ xdkolawmfaumif;BuD;rsm; atmifyGJcHawmfrlyHk taMumif; omoemawmfordkif;rSm xif&Sm;pGm&Sdawmfrlav\/ xdkolawmfaumif; rsm;wdkY udk,fwdkifusihfoHk;vsuf atmifyGJcHEkdifaom owdvufeufESihf wdkufuGufAsL[menf;rsm;yg xm;awmfrlcJhojzihf ,aeYowdvufeuf oihfvufodkY a&mufvmacsNyD/ oifum; owdvufeuf udkifpGJvsuf ppfyGJcsDwufppfuGuftwdkif; qifETJBudK;pm;&efom vdkawmhonf/ oifa,m*Donf owdvufeufudkifpGJvQuf ppfyGJcsDwufNyD; a&SUwef;ppfpcef;a&mufygvQif owdvufeufvHk;0rcsygavESihf/ csyg vQif toufr&Sdawmhacs/ BudK;pm;rI 0D&d,vnf;tjynhf&Sdygap/ ppfuGuf? wdkufcsufvnf; rarhygESihf/ tm½HkESihfypfcsuf wpfcsufjcif; ud k u f r d v suf u sygap/tm½H k a umif ; aumif ; rd í vnf ; oG m ;rruf avESihf/ udavom&efwdkYtuGuf0ifzdkY&ef AHk;usif;awGomjzpfacs\/ tm½H k q d k ; vd k Y v nf ; oG m ;rwd k ; ES i h f / ol w d k Y ppf x d k ; xm;jcif ; jzpf \ / tm½Hkawm trdkuftarSmifawGUvdkYvnf; oGm;NyD;ae&mr,lvdkuf
avES i h f / ol w d k Y a xmif a csmuf o mjzpf a cs\/ tpm;ud k v nf ; oGm;rpm;avESihf/ olwdkYtqdyfoGif;xm;acs\/ xdkYtwl tqif;? toH? teHY? t&om? awGUxdp&m BuHawG; p&mrsm;onf v nf ; ud a vom &ef o l w d k Y \ axmifacsmufrsm;omjzpf\/ vufeufrsm;jzpf\/ AHk;rsm;jzpf\/ oif þodkYodíxdktcsufrsm;udk oiftoHk;jyefcswwfygvQif oihftwGuf vuf e uf r sm;jzpf M u&ayvd r h f r nf / oif h t wG u f tm;ud k ; p&m taxmuftyHh jzpf&acsvdrfhrnf/ olwdkYaxmifxm;wJhAHk;rsm;? peufwH jzKwfírdrdtwGuf jyefí toHk;csjcif;yrmwnf;/ udavomwdkufyGJ qifETJaom oifa,m*Dowdvufeufudkif ppfom;onf pGrf;pGrf;wrH BudK;pm;&m\/ Ä tpmiwfí tm;jywfaomfvnf; oifwdkufuGufrysufav ESihf/ Ä a&jywf í 0rf ; wG i f ; tyl [ yf a omf v nf ; oih f h w d k u f c suf rysufavESihf/ Ä taeMuyfí raewwfaomfvnf; oihfwdkuf&ufrysufav ESihf/ Ä wdkufcsuf'Pfjyif;xefpGm cH&aomfvnf; oifaemufxHrjyef avESihf? oifaemufwef;xH? rjyefavESihf/ oif a yEk d i f v Qif ud a vomaornf / oif r ayEk d i f v Qif oifaornfjzpf\/ oifESihfudavom ayolom tEkdif&rnf/ xdkYaMumihf udavomppfajrjyifwdkufyGJ0ifNyD;ygvQif tpmyJ iwfiwf? a&yJjywfjywf? taeyJMuyfMuyf? t½dk;aMuaMu? ta&yJ <uif;<uif;? taoG;yifcef;cef; taMumyif usefusef aorwwf cHpm; &apumrl atmifyGJrxlEkdifvQif r&yfpwrf;BudK;yrf;Muygav/ pdwftnpftaMu; uif;a0;ap&ef pdk;&drfylaqG;ESihf idka<u;wdkY vGwfajrmufausmfvGefvsuf udk,fpdwfqif;&Judk csKyfjzwfí udavom &efatmifyGJcHvsuf edAÁmefodkY oGm;vrf;? r*fÓPf-=zdkvfÓPf&jcif;ESifh 'ku©cyfodrf;Nidrf;&medAÁmefudk (0g) udavom&efoltm;vHk;wdkYudk atmifawmfrlí edAÁmefrsufarSmufjyKjcif;iSm wpfvrf;wnf;om &Sd aom þowdy|mefvrf;jzpfacs\/ tjcm;vrf;rTmwpfckrQ r&Sdygacs/ odkYaMumihf oif\ owdonf edAÁmefoGm;aMumif; wpfvrf;armif;BuD; jzpfaMumif; aumif;aumif;odí &orQ tcGihfxl; vufrvTwfygapESihf vuf0,fta&mufaumuf,lMuygav/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )
COVER SPECIAL FEATURES ax&0g'onf umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömjzpfonf/ rsuf E S m zk H ; rS tb,folonf þtwåabmwnf;[laom yx0DajrBuD;udk a0zefa&G;cs,fEkdifvwåHUenf;/ tyg,fbHkudkvnf;aumif;? ewfjA[®mbHk ESihfwuGaom þvlYbHkudkvnf;aumif;? tb,folonf a0zefa&G; cs,fEkdifvwåHUenf;/ taMumif;t&mvdrfrmaom yef;onfonfyef; rsm;wGif raumif;udky,f? aumif;&mo,fvsuf a&G;cs,fbdouJhodkY? aumif;pGma[mMum;awmfrltyfaom w&m;tpkudk tb,folonf a&G;cs,fEkdifygtHhenf;/ aomwmyefpaom aou©yk*¾dKvfckepfa,mufonf þtwå abmwnf;[laom yx0DajrBuD;udk rdrd\ ynmÓPfjzihf a0zefa&G; cs,fvwåHU/ tyg,fbHkudkvnf;aumif;? ewfjA[®mbHkwdkYESihfwuGaom þvlYbHkudkvnf;aumif;? rdrdÓPfjzifh a0zefa&G;cs,fEkdifvwåHU/ taMumif;t&mvdrfrmaomyef;onf onfyef;rsm;wGifraumif;udk y,f aumif;&monfvsuf a&G;cs,fbdouJhodkY aumif;pGma[mMum; awmfrltyfaom w&m;tpkudk aou©yk*¾dKvfonf a&G;cs,fEkdifvwåHU/ oif\cE¨mudk,fudk ½IMunhfyg ]]aum£rH yx0d H 0dapówd}} tp&Sdaom þokwåEÅ yd# uck'´uedum, "r®y'ygVdawmf? ykyæ0*fvm a'oemawmfudk jrwfpGm bk&m;&Sifonf om0wd¬jynfü oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrlpOf? ajr\ vu© Pmaumif;raumif;? jyefajymif;taxGaxGajrpum;udk ajymMum;zGJU &Snfukefaom ig;&maom &[ef;wkdYudktaMumif;jyKaomtm;jzihf a[mMum;awmfrlavonf/ xdk&[ef;ig;&mwdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;&SifESihftwuGwuG Zeyk'fa'opm&Dudk vSnhfvnfNyD;aomf aZw0efausmif;awmfodkY a&mufvmcJhí? ncsrf;tcg0,f pka0;&mZ&yfü pnf;a0;Muukefvsuf rd r d w d k Y o nf a&muf & ma&muf & m t&yf w d k Y ü ? þrnf a om &G m rS þtrnf&Sdaom &GmodkYoGm;aom vrf;c&D;ü nDñGwfjcif;&Sd\/ rnD rñGwf &THUñGefaygrsm;\/ ausmufp&pf? ausmufjzKef;aygrsm;\/ rnf;eufaom ajrpdkif&Sd\/ ajreDajrpdkif&Sd\[k ajrBuD;ESihfpyfaom pum;udkajymMum;íaeMuukef\/ xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif <uvmawmfrlí ]]&[ef;wdkY ,ck tb,fodkYaompum;jzihf ajymMum;pnf;a0;aeMuygukefoenf;}}[k ar;awmfrl\/ ]]bkef;awmfBuD;awmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;? wynhfawmfwkdY onf vSnhfvnfívmcJhMuaom ae&mXmewdkYrS ajrESihfpyfaom pum;rsm;udkajymqdkpnf;a0;aeMuygonfbk&m;}} [k avQmufxm;Mu ukef\/xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]]&[ef;wdkY þajronf tyjzpf aomajrBuD;rnfay\/ toifwdkYonf twGif;tZÑwåoEÅmefüjzpf aomajrBuD;ü y&duHudkjyKjcif;iSm oihfavsmfavsmufywftyf\}} [k rdefYawmfrlNyD;aomf þESpf*gxmudk a[mMum;awmfrlonf/ (44) tb,f o l o nf þtwå a bmwnf ; [l a om ajrBuD ; ud k a0zefa&G;cs,fEkdifvwåHUenf;/ tyg,fbHkudkvnf;aumif;? ewfjA[®m bHkESihfwuGaom þvlYbHkudkvnf;aumif;? tb,folonf a0zef a&G;cs,fEkdifvwåHUenf;/ taMumif;t&mvdrfrmaom yef;onfonf yef; trsm;wGif raumif;udky,f aumif;&mo,fvsuf a&G;cs,fbdo uJhodkY aumif;pGma[mMum;awmfrltyfaom w&m;tpkudk tb,fol onf a&G;cs,fEkdifygtHhenf;/ pmrsuf E S m 15 od k Y
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From the Infront cover
Who will comprehend this earth (self), and this realm of Yama, and this world together with the deva? Who will investigate the well- taught Path of Virtue, even as an expert (garland- maker) will pick flowers? (44) A disiple in training (sekha), will comprehend this earth, and this realm of Yama together with the realm of the devas. A disciple in training will investigate the well- taught Path of Virtue, even as an expert (garland- maker) will pick flowers. (45) Concentrate on your body While residing at the Jetavana monastery in Sa-vatthi, the Buddha uttered Verse (44) and (45) of Suttanta Pitaka Khuddaka Nikaya, THE DHAMMAPADA, the Flowers (Pupphavagga), with reference to Five hundred bhikkhus. A group of bhikkhus, after accompanying the Buddha to a village, returned to the Jetavana monastery. In the evening, while the bhikkhus were talking about the trip, especially the condition of the Land, whether it was level or hilly, or whether the soil was clayey or sandy, red or black, et., The Buddha visited them. Knowing the subject of their talk, he said. "Bhikkhus, the earth you are talking about is external to the body; it is better, indeed, to examine your own body and strive to understand what this body is" The Buddha added that though understanding oneself, a bhikkhu would be able to understand this world, heaven and hell. He also would be able to realise the sublime Dhamma, which is like a garland arranged by an expert garland maker. Reflecting mindfully on the advice given, that group of bhikkhus purified their minds of all mental impurities and attained arahatship. Then the Buddha spoke in verse as follows: Verse. 44 Who will comprehend this earth (self), and this realm of Yama, and this world together with the devas? Who will investigate the well- taught Path of Virtue, even as an expert (garland- maker) will pick flowers? Verse. 45 A disciple in training (sakka), will comprehend this earth, and this realm of Yama, together with the realm of the devas. A disciple in training will investigate the well- taught Path of Virtue, even as an expert (garland- maker) will pick flowers. At the end of the discourse, those five hundred bhikkhus attained arahatship. Nyain Chan Oo.
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömonf tESpfom& oabm&Sd\/
Oyrm (Comparison) [l a om pum;onf ckdif;EIdif;jcif;[k t"dyÜg,f&&Sdonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf xif[yfay:vGifapjcif;? EIdif;,SOfwifpm;jcif;[kvnf; owfrSwfEkdif ygonf/ pum;ajym&müjzpfap? pma&;om; &müjzpfap? a[majymydkYcs&müjzpfap? rdrd ajymvkdonhftaMumif;t&m? oabmw&m; wdkYudk ykdrkd&Sif;vif; odem;vnfap&ef ]Oyrm} jzihf wefqmqif zGJUEGJU&ayonf/ Oyrmpum; ESihf qufEG,faeaom ]Oyrme}? ]Oyar,s} [laompum;vkH;rsm;vnf; &Sdayao;onf/ okH;avmuxG#fxm; jrwfpGmbk&m; onf ewf? vl? jA[®mwdkYtm; w&m;a&at; wdkufauR;awmfrl&mwGif Oyrmaygif;rsm;pGm jzihf ckid ;f EIid ;f a[mMum;awmfrcl o hJ nf/ yd#uwf awmfrsm;ü ]Oyrm} aygif;rsm;pGmjzihf ckdif;EIdif; a[mMum;awmfrlchJonf/ yd#uwfawmfrsm;ü ]Oyrm} aqmif a[mMum;xm;cJhaom w&m; awmfrsm;pGm awGUEkdifonf/ em,lrSwfom;olwdkYtwGuf odom jrifomatmif ]Oyrm} rsm;jzihf a[mMum; awmfrltyfaom w&m;awmfrsm;onf qDrD; wefaqmifozG,f xGef;vif;awmufyvSay onf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;\ Oyrmpum;wkdYonf okH;avmutwGuf tusKd;w&m;rsm; jzpfxGef; apcJhygonf/ trSefpifppftm;jzihf jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;aomw&m;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m; \ ]]'g,m'}} (tarG)? "r®'g,m' (w&m; tarG) rsm;yif jzpfMuyg\/ ]Oyrm} pum;\ ta&;ygt&ma&mufrIukd ]]t*kFwå&edum,f t|uedygwfawmf}} ü]]Oyrm, rda"uapö? tw¦H ZmeEÅd y@dwm/ þavmuü tcsKdUaomolwdkYonf qkdvkd&if;oabmudk Oyrmjzihf xif&Sm;odjrif Mu\}} [k a[mMum;xm;ay\/ umr*k P f E S i h f p yf v sOf ; aom Oyrmrsm; trJ ½ d k ; Oyrm (1) trJzsuf&mü uRrf;usifvdrfrm
[d e f ; rif ; xuf ( pd e f u ef Y v ef Y )
aomol wpfa,mufonf trJ½kd;wGif uyf aeaom tom;rsm;udk "m;jzihf txyfxyf tcgcg vSD;,l\/ tom;prsm;yif rusef& avatmif toGm;xufaom "m;jzihf jcpf,l onh f t wG u f trJ ½ k d ; onf tom;r&S d ajymif&Sif;vsuf &Sdawmhonf/ trJzsufolonf tom;r&Sdawmh aom trJ½kd;ukd teD;wGif apmifharQmfaeonhf acG;&Sd&modkY ypfay;vkdufonf/ xkdacG;onf aoG;eHY&Sdaeaom trJ½kd;udk rufarmpGm ]vQm} jzihf tBudrfBudrfvsufonf/ odkY&mwGif qm avmifrGwfodyfjcif;raysmuf? pm;csifaom tvdkqE´vnf; rjynhfEkdif &Sdaeawmhonf/ tqif;? toH? teHY? t&om? tawGUtxd [laom umr*kPftm½kHwdkYonf trJ½kd;ESihf yrmwl a yonf / owå 0 gwd k Y o nf v nf ; xkdumr*kPftm½kHwdkYukd tm;&wif;wdrfjcif;? tvdkqE´jynhfpkHjcif;[lí r&SdEkdifMubJ qm;ief a&aomufolyrm aomufavaomufav tiwfrajyEkdifouJhodkYomwnf;/ umr*kPf ukd trJ½kd;ESihf OyrmjyKxm;jcif;jzpf\/ om;wpf O yrm (2) tom;pm;iSufwpfaumifonf ]om;wpf} wpfckukdcsDvsuf ysHoef;vmNyD; xkdtom;wpfukd pm;rnf[laom &nf&G,f csufjzihf oihfawmfonhf opfyif\opfukdif; xufwGif &yfem;vkduf\/ xkdtcg om;wpfukd vk,lvkdMuaom tjcm;tjcm;aom tom; pm;iSufwkdYonf om;wpfukd ukdufcsDxm;aom iSuftm; 0kdif;0ef; xkd;qdwfMuonf/ om;wpf ukdufcsDxm;aomiSufonf om;wpfukd ypfcs vkduf½kHom&Sdonf/ odkYr[kwfygrl tjcm;aom iSufwdkY\ 0kdif;0ef;xkd;okwf wkdufckdufrIukd trS e f c H & rnf / tEÅ & m,f r sm;vS a csonf / umr*kPftm½kHwdkYonfvnf; ]om;wpf} ESihf yrmwlvSayonf/ umr*k P f t m½k H w d k Y u k d pG J v rf ; wG,fwmaeygrl ab;tEÅ&m,fukd vufcH ayGUykdufxm;onfESihf rjcm;awmhacs/ umr *kPf tm½kHwdkYukd pGefYvTwf? vspfvsL½Ixm; EkdifolrSmom ab;tEÅ&m,fr&Sd? qif;&Jyifyef;
rIwdkYrS vGwfajrmufí csrf;om&m &&Sdayrnf/ jruf r D ; ½S L ;Oyrm (3) vlwpfa,mufonf jrufyif? aumuf½kd;yifrsm;udk pkpnf;NyD; rD;½IdUum vuf jzihf pGJukdifvsuf avwkduf&mbuf(avqef) od k Y ajy;oG m ;\/ rD ; awmuf r D ; vQH w d k Y o nf xkdol\ vuf? rsufESm? OD;acgif;wdkYudk tyl&Sdef [yfí avmifuRrf;Ekdifayonf/ xkdtcg rD;p ukd pGefYvTwfvdkuf&rnf/ a0;&modkY ypfcsvkduf &rnfomjzpf\/ odkYrSom rD;tylavmifNrKduf jcif;rS vGwfajrmufEkdifayrnf/ umr*kPf wdo Yk nfvnf; rD;awmufr;D vQw H eYkd iS fh yrmwlvS acs\/ umr*kPfwdkYukd rufarmwG,fwm vsuf&Sdolonf rD;pukdukdifvsuf avwkduf&m bufodkY ajy;vTmaeolESihf yrmwlvSacsonf/ umr*kPfukd rD;awmufrD;vQHESihf OyrmjyKxm; jcif ; jzpf y g\/ rZÑd r yPÖ m oygVd a wmf w G i f umr*kPfESihfywfoufNyD; OyrmjyKí jrwfpGm bk&m; a[mMum;xm;aom w&m;a'oem aumufEkwfcsufwdkYyifjzpfygonf/ xif ; wk H ; Oyrm jrwfpGmbk&m;onf Oyrmpum;ukd tav;xm;wifpm;í ewf? vl? jA[®mwkdY tay: vrf;ñTefa[mMum;½kHomru ukd,f awGUtm;jzihfvnf; ,kHMunftm;xm;cJhonf/
DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES umvtvdkuf? a'otvdkuf? rSefaomopömonf toGifoP²mefoabm&Sd\/
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wdkYukd pGefYvTwfNyD; twlwuG a&m,Sufaexkdif jcif;vnf;r&Sd/ xkdumr*kPftm½kHwdkYtay:ü vnf; wpfpkHwpf&mpkd;pOf;rQ pGJvrf;wG,fwm wyf r uf j cif ; r&S d y grl w&m;xl ; w&m;jrwf ÓPftjrifwnf;[laom rD;tvif;a&mifudk {uefrkcs &&SdEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ Ak'¨avmif;vsmonf xkdxif;wkH;\ OyrmokH;&yfukd xif[yfvsuf trSefvrf; jzpf o nh f opö m w&m;av;yg;uk d xk d ; xG i f ; od j rif v mcJ h j cif ; jzpf o nf / od j rif o nh f tavsmuf qufvufusihfokH;tm;xkwfcJhay &m 'k u © t vk H ; pk H csKyf N id r f ; onh f ed A Á m ef u k d aumif;pGmodjrifvsuf twkrJhtEIdif;rJhaom oAÁnKwÓPfawmfudk &&SdNyD; bk&m;tjzpf okdY a&muf&SdawmfrlcJhonf/ umr*k P f t m½k H w d k Y o nf jrwf p G m bk&m; OyrmjyKxm;cJhaom trJ½kd;? tom; wpf? aumuf½dk;jrufajcmuf? xif;wHk;wdkYuJhodkY wG,fwm rufarmp&mr&Sd? tESpfom&vnf; r&Sd? ab; tEÅ&m,fvnf; rsm;vSaMumif;udk od&Sdem; vnfNyD; yifpnfrS tqDtap;vnf; crf; ajcmuf? a&wGifvnf; epfarsmjcif;r &S d a om opf w k H ; Oyrmtvm; vuf a wG U usih f o k H ; vk d u f e mEk d i f M u&ef EId;aqmfwdkufwGef;vkduf& ygownf;/ [d e f ; rif ; xuf ( pd e f u ef Y v ef Y )
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/
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\/ twå 0 g'uk d ypf y pf c gcg y,f v S e f í tvif ; aqmif j cif ; onf bmom\y"me wm0efjzpf\/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf tarSmifcGif; í tvif;aqmifjcif;onf bmom\y"me wm0efjzpf\/ ,if;omvQif bmomrnf\/ þrQESihf bmomt"dyÜg,f &Sif;avmufay onf[k qkdcsifygonf/ w&m;\t"dyÜg,fukd qufvufí t"dyÜg,fzGihfjycsifygao;onf/ w&m; w&m;onf (odkY) trSefw&m;onf rdrd\oabmvu©Pmukd edpöxm0&aqmif aeojzihf azmufjyefjcif;rS uif;onf/ trSef w&m;onf rnfonhfzefqif;&Sif wefckd;&Sif wdkYaMumifh jzpfay:vmonfr[kwfbJ ¤if;\ oabmtwkdif; opömabmifrS raoGznfbJ tvd k t avsmuf jzpf a y:aeqJ j zpf o nf / a&SUwGifvnf;jzpfay:NrJjzpfay:aeOD;rnfom jzpfayonf/ odkYjzpf&m urÇmhbk&m;&SifwkdYonf trSefw&m;udk &SmazGawGUcJhMuonfvnf; &Sd\/ rawGUr&SdbJ rNyD;rjynhfpkHaom trSef w&m;udk NyD;jynfhpkHaom trSefw&m;[k ,lq í tydkifvkyfcJhMuonf/ xm0&trSefoabm ukd aqmifcJhMuonf/ twåe,fukd csJUí urÇmh vl o m;taygif ; tm; i&J E S i h f a jcmuf í aumif ; uif b k H e ef ; ES i h f ajr§ m uf c J h M uonf / xkdtxJwGif a*gwrbk&m;&SifrygcJh? trSef w&m;udk jyKvkyfzefqif;Ekdifol[lí avmuü r&Sd? zsufqD;ypfEkdifol[lívnf; ew¦d? trSef w&m;ukd trdefYay;ír&? tmPmjyír&? bk&m;tqlqlwdkYonf trSefw&m;ukd ykdifpkd; olrsm; r[kwfMu? &SmazGawGU&Sdolrsm;om jzpfMuonf/ trSefw&m;ukd ÓPfbk&m;awG u &SmazGazmfxkwfjycJhjcif;jzpfí trSefw&m; onf tem'd tpr&Sd/ teEÅ tqkH;r&Sday/ xm0&wnf a eaom t&S d w &m; jzpfaomaMumihfvnf; ,if;trSefw&m;ukd ½lyaA'qkdif&m½kyfw&m;ESihf emraA'qkdif&m emrfw&m;wkdYESihf cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmí ½I&rnf jzpfonf/ ½kyfw&m;qkdonfum; yx0Dajr "gwf ? tmayga&"gwf ? 0ga,mav"gwf ? awaZm rD;"gwf wnf;[laom "gwfBuD;av; yg;wdkY\ tyGm;tpD;jzpfí ajrESihfa&onf "gwfao(j'yf)jzpfí avESihfrD;onf "gwf&Sif (tm;)wdkYjzpfMu\/ t&Sdw&m;onf ,if;wdkY tay:ü wnf&SdaeaMumif; qifjcifem;vnf Ek d i f y gonf / xk d " gwf B uD ; av;yg;wd k Y o nf ¤if;wdkY\ vu©Pmukd rNrJaqmifMuonf/
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Oyrmjy&aomf yx0D"gwf\ trmowådonf twd w f u vnf ; trm? ypö K yÜ e f ü vnf ; trmyifjzpfí tyl[laom awaZm(0g)rD;\ oabm vu©Pmukd raqmif? xkd"gwf&Sif "gwf a owd k Y o nf uk d , f y k d i f o wd å oabm vu©Pm wpfrsKd; pDaqmifí oD;jcm;rae/ 'GefwGJíae\/ aeMuqJjzpfNyD; aemifvnf; aeMuvdrfhOD;rnf jzpfayonf/ ,if;wdkYukd wpf c k p D cG J j cm;í wpf a e&mpD x m;Ek d i f o l ray:ao;? b,faom tcgrSvnf; ay:vdrfh rnfr[kwfEkdifacs/ emrfw&m;[lonf tm½kHukd ñTwf apaom odrIoabmukdaqmifonhf y&rwf oabmjzpfí pdwfonf tqif;? toH? teHY? t&om? tawGUwnf;[laom tm½kHrsm;ESihf o[Zmwjzpfí xkdw&m;wdkYonfvnf; ¤if; \oabmudkom tNrJaqmifí vGJajymif;,l vkdYr&paumif;ay/ OyrmESihf &Sif;jy&vQif avmb[laom emrfw&m;onf wyfruf jcif;oabmudk tNrJaqmifavonf/ a'go pd w f o nf jypf r S m ;jcif ; uk d v nf ; aumif ; ? ta'goonf cspfjcif;udkvnf;aumif; toD; oD;aqmifav&m tjcm;emraA'e,ftwGif; qkdif&mtoD;oD; emrfw&m; taxGaxGwdkY onf ¤if;wdkY\oabmudkom tpOfxm0& aqmifaeMuukefonfjzpfí þavmuonf usif v nf í ae\/ t&S d w &m;ES i h f tjzpf oabmw&m;wk d Y a Mumih f o m þavmu\ oabmonf ay:vGifíae\/ þoabmum; trSefjrif? trSefod? t&Sdw&m;wkdYvQif jzpfyg\/ þoabmukd trSeftwkdif;odvm;vQif þavmuBuD;onf vnf;aumif;? þavmuBuD;\rIcif;toG,f oG,fonfvnf;aumif;? bmrsm;qef;Mu,f ygOD;rnfenf;/ taMumif;aMumihf tusKd;jzpf &onf/ taMumif;u@ü yg0iforQaom w&m;tpkpkwdkYonf tusKd;ukd jzpfapwwf aom oabm&Sd\/ tusKd;[laom w&m;rSmrl taMumif;udk t&if;cHrSom jzpfay:vmEkdif ayonf/ þw&m;oabmonf jrwfAk'¨\ oa[wk " r® a 'oemppf a'oemrS e f w d k Y jzpfaMumif;? opömodrax&fjrwfBuD;rsm;u axmufjyvrf;ñTefay;aomaMumihfjzpfygí opö m od r ax&f j rwf B uD ; rsm; ouf a wmf & m ausmf "r®qDrD;wkdifukd tvif;aqmifaeygap [k qE´jyKvkduf&ayawmhonf/ a&T z l ; pH ( rl B uKd )
DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS
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"r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/
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xm;&m ud k & if ? OD ; yÍÆ i f ; rsm;onf ud k & if ÓPudk MunhfNyD; &,farmMuonf/ ]atmifr,f atmifr,f armifÓP u tvmBuD ; ud k ; uG , f h avQmuf p rf ; ygOD ; abmvHk;yGJudk b,fvdkw&m;ESihf qifjcifygo vJ} [k q&mawmfu qufar;onf/ ]rSefvSyg abmvHk;udk olYbufu uef igYbufu uefvdkY vSdrfhae&ovdk wynhf awmf w d k Y v J b0uH u vS d r f h u ef c H a e&vd k Y oH k ; q,f h w pf b H k oH o &mvnf a eMuonf / wpfbufu *dk;oGif;vdkufawmh tEkdif&onf [k xifonf/ wynhfawmfwdkYvJ vlYb0 ewf b0 &awmhaumif;onf[k tEkdif&onf[k xif o nf / rMumcif w pf b uf u acsyvd k Y jyef o G i f ; vd k u f a wmh oa&jzpf o G m ;onf / wynhfawmfwdkYrSmvJ ukokdvfuH? tukodkvfuH u a&maESmaeawmh wpfcgwpf&H oa&uswJh oabmae&onf / wpf z ef wpf b uf * d k ; oGif;awmh ½HI;oGm;í pdwfqif;&Jonf/ wynhf awmfwdkYb0rSmvnf; wpfcgwpf&HtrSm;vkyf rdvdkY tyg,fav;yg;usoGm;vQif t½HI;jzpfí pdwfqif;&Jonf/ abmvHk;yGJü abmvHk;av; onf vSdrfhae&ovdk wynhfawmfwdkY b0u vnf; oHo&mrSmvdSrfhae&ygonf/ Ekdif&mu ae ½HI;&onf/ ½HI;&muae EdkifMujyefí rNrJMu tedp?ö? ½HI;jyefí pdwfqif;&JMu? 'ku©? t½HI; tEd k i f ? tpd k ; r&í tewå v d k Y qif j cif N yD ; abmvH k ; yG J u d k wynh f a wmf M unh f r d y gw,f bk&m;} [k x yf r H a vQmuf x m;&m ud k & if
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/
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rm,ma&uefxJodkY qif;zl;ygrSvnf; owå0g [lí jzpfMu&\/ odkYr[kwfygu owå0g [lí jzpfrvmEkdif/ trSeftm;jzifh tmo0\ rm,ma&uefonf t&m&mwkdif;ukd touf oGif;EkdifpGrf;&Sdyg\/ Ak'¨tbd"r®maqmif rax&fawmf rsm;u tmo0\ rm,ma&uefrSa&onf MumjrihfpGmxkHtyfaom pdrfa&ESihfwlonf[k rdefYMu\/ pdrfa&[lonfrSm t&ufyifjzpf\/ Oyrmtm;jzihf t&ufonf t&uform;rsm; ukd rl;atmifvkyf\/ ½l;atmifvnf;vkyf\/ t&ufrl;vmawmh jzpfwJhudpötm½kHrsm;udk rodMuawmh? taumif;eJYtqkd; rcGJjcm;wwf jzpf \ / t&uf r l ; orm;rsm;\txif o nf t&mtm;vkH;u uarmufurcsnf;omjzpf \/ trSeftuef[lí r&Sdaomfvnf; ¤if;wdkY url olwkdY\txifrS olwdkY\txif? tjcm; ol r sm;\txif u m; zG J E S i h f q ef u G J y rmom jzpfacs\/ þodkYvQif t&ufrl;orm;rsm; onf wpf,loefMu\/ xkdYtwl tmo0 rm,ma&uefESihf ywfoufíqkd&vQif b0 wpfckwGif odp&mrsm;ESihf todw&m;onf tcsif ; csif ; rvT J r aoG quf q H a eMu\/ wpf&HwpfqpfrQ jywfonf[lír&Sd? tdyfarm usaeaomtcgüyif ]]odp&mESihftod}} onf qufqHaeonfyifjzpf\/ owå0grsm;tae
jzihf xkdodkYqufqHaeaMumif; odjcif;ESihf rod jcif;onf wpfu@jzpf\/ Ak ' ¨ t bd " r® m a0g[m&taejzih f qkd&vQif pdwf[lorQü odp&mtm½kHonf tNrJyg&\/ odp&mtm½kHr&SdbJESihf pdwf[l onf jzpf a umif ; aomoabmr&S d a y/ ]]ygyod® H&rwdraem}} raumif;rIü arGUavsmf aomaMumifh pdwf[kac:\/ "r® " d | mef u susqk d o nf r S m vnf ; oabmw&m;taejzih f a0g[m&t&om "r®"d|mefusjcif;jzpf\/ vufawGUusifhokH;rI t&qkdvQif "r®"d|mefusjcif;[lí r&SdEkdif/ yk*¾v"d|mefusjcif;om &SdEkdifyg\/ tb,fh aMumihq f adk omf pma&;olu, dk w f idk u f tmo0 \rm,ma&uefukdjzwfoef;NyD;rS ajy;Ekdifaom aMumifhjzpf\/ pma&;ol\ odpdwftm½kHrsm; uvnf; tmo0\rm,ma&uefukd jzwf oef;cJh&ojzihf uarmufuryifjzpfMuav\/ þonfrSmvnf; "r®wmyifjzpfav\/ ynma&;avmuüvnf ; aumif ; ? vlrIa&;avmuüvnf;aumif;? pD;yGm;a&; avmuüvnf;aumif;? EkdifiHa&;avmuü vnf;aumif;? tkyfcsKyfa&;avmuüvnf; aumif; ]]olrSefonf? igrSefonf}} [laom jiif;ckHoHrsm;udk urÇm\ rsufESmjyiftoD;oD; rS Mum;aeMu&\/ t,k w f q k H ; tm;jzih f bmoma&;avmuüyif ]]olrSefonf? igrSef onf}} [laom jiif;ckefoHrsm;ukd Mum;ae& \/ trSet f m;jzihf bmoma&;avmu[lonf um; pdwf\Nidrf;csrf;rIukd &,l&mavmujzpf \/ xkdYaMumihf bmoma&;avmuü þuJhodkY ]]olrSefonf? igrSefonf}} [laom jiif;ckHoH rsm;ukd rMum;oihfonfum; trSef? odkY&mwGif rMum;oihfygbJvsuf Mum;ae&onfuvnf; trSefyifjzpf\/ ,aeYumvwGifrS Mum;ae&onf r[kwf? a&S;uvnf; Mum;cJh&\/ aemifvnf; Mum;ae&OD;rnfyifjzpf\/ tjcm;aom a&;&m rsm;udk taMumif;jyKí ppfcif;Muonftxd jiif;ckHMuonfrsm;ukd rqkdESihfOD;/ bmoma&; ukd taMumif;jyKí ppfcif;onftxd jiif;ckH Muonf u k d urÇ m h o rk d i f ; ü txif t &S m ;
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rm,ma&uefukd jzwfoef;&onfcsnf;jzpf \/ þae&mü aou©yk*¾KdvfwdkYum; tmo0 \ rm,ma&uef r S tmo0rm,ma&uk d crf;ajcmufatmif tm;xkwfaeaom t&d,m olawmfpifrsm;jzpfMuojzihf ,if;wdkYukd xnhf oGif;í rqkdjcif;jzpfyg\/ pdwf[lorQonf vnf; ykxkZOfwdkY\ todpdwfomjzpfygu tmo0\rm,ma&uefukd jzwfoef;&onf csnf;jzpf\/ xkdodkY jzwfoef;vkdufonfESihf wpf N yKd i f e uf tmo0\rm,ma&uef u tmo0\rm,ma&onf ol\tpGrf;ukd jy avawmh\/ ol\tpGrf;um; rnfrQxufyg avoenf;/ ykxkZOfwkYd\ qkdif&mqkdif&m 'Gg&rsm;ü qkdif&mqkdif&mtm½kHrsm; xifvm aomtcg xkdxkdtm½kHrsm;onf yk*¾Kdvfrsm; vnf;r[kwfMu? owå0grsm;vnf;r[kwfMu? toufZD0vnf; r&SdMu/ t&m0w¦Krsm;vnf; r[kwfMu? toufrJh obm0oufoufrsm; omjzpfMuyg\/ odkY&mwGif tmo0\ rm,ma&uef uk d jzwf o ef ; vd k u f o nf E S i h f w pf N yKd i f e uf tmo0a&\pGrf;tifaMumifh xkdxkdtm½kHwdkY onf j'yfrJhtqihfrS j'yf&SdtqihfodkY a&muf oGm;Mu\/ tpkdiftcJrJhtqihfrS tpkdiftcJ tqihfodkY a&mufoGm;Mu\/ oufrJhtqihfrS ouf&SdtqihfodkY a&mufoGm;Mu\/ yk*¾Kdvf r[kwfaomtqihfrS yk*¾KdvftqihfodkY a&muf oG m ;Mu\/ owå 0 gr[k w f a omtqih f r S owå0gtqihfodYk a&mufMu\/ t&m0w¦K r[k w f a omtqih f r S t&m0w¦ K tqih f o d k Y a&mufoGm;Mu\/ þonfrSm odp&mtm½kH ydkif;tay:üom tmo0rm,ma&\ tpGrf; owå d j yrI j zpf y g\/ tm½k H u k d o d w wf a om ykxkZOfwkdY\ odpdwftay:üvnf; tmo0 rm,ma&onf tpGrf;jyonfyifjzpf\/ trSeftm;jzihf odwwfaom pdwf [l o nf y&rwf w &m; ppf p pf j zpf \ / xk d Y aMumihf tm½kHrsm;ukd pdwf\obm0twkdif; pdwfuyif odjcif;jzpf\/ odkY&mwGif xkdodpdwf onf tmo0\rm,ma&uefukd jzwfoef; rdonfESihfwpfNyKdifeuf odpdwfonf ½kd;½kd; odpdwfr[kwfawmh/ odpdwfonf ig[laom ]]twå rme}} awGjzpfvm\/ ig[kqkdtyf aom twårmejzpfvmonfESihfwpfNyKdifeuf bmt&m0w¦Kudkodod pdwfu odonf[lí rcH,lawmh? igu odonf[líomvQif cH,l awmh\/ tmo0\rm,ma&uefrS tmo0
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t&ufaMumihf tm½kHukd trSeftwdkif;rodbJ rdrdodcsifovdk odjcif;jzpf\/ pdwfqkd;p&m tm½k H r [k w f b J v suf pd w f q k d ; wwf \ / tmoa0gw&m;wdkYonfvnf; t&ufenf;wl yif? xkdxkdowå0gwdkYtm; tm½kHESihfywfouf í od & mwG i f trS e f t wd k i f ; rod a pbJ uarmuf u rod a pwwf M u\/ tmo0\ rm,ma&rsm;ES i h f xd a wG U vd k u f a omtcg odp&modpdwfESihf jzpf&m'Gg&rsm;onf y&rw¦ opöme,frS or®Kwdopöme,fodkY a&mufvm onfESihf wpfNyKdifeuf ,if;wdkYonf yk*¾Kdvfrsm; jzpf v mMu\/ owå 0 grsm;jzpf v mMu\/ toufZD0rsm; jzpfvmMu\/ y&rw¦opöm onf ÓPfvrf;\opömjzpfí or®Kwdopöm onf uH v rf ; \opö m jzpf \ / b0[l o nf t&ufrl;orm;rsm;\ b0ozG,fomjzpf\ tdrfrufozG,fjzpf\/ trSeftm;jzihf oHo&m wpfavQmufvkH; t&ufrl;aeí rjzpf/ t&uf trl ; ajyatmif v k y f & rnf / td r f r uf r S Ek d ; atmifvkyfvkdygu ÓPfucif;ay;aomvrf; tay:ü avQmufygrSvnf; rdrdwdkY\b0rsm; onf y&rw¦ o pö m e,f o d k Y a&muf a yvd r f h rnf/ t&S i f a crm0H o (a&T N rd w f t &S i f )
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jzpfukefaom tcsKdUaoma0'emwdkYonf jzpf ukef\/ rif;jrwf? þjyqkdcJhaom pum;ESihf tnD v nf ; tvk H ; pk H a om a0'emwd k Y o nf uH0dygufaMumihfom jzpfukefonfr[kwfukef? jrwf p G m bk & m;onf tuk o d k v f t m;vk H ; uk d avmifuRrf;apí oAÁnKtjzpfodkY a&muf awmf r l \ [k þod k Y q k d c J h o nh f t wd k i f ; rS w f avmh}} vkdY ed*kH;csKyf rdefYawmfrl ajzMum;vkduf ygawmowJhuG,f/ rd v d E ´ r if ; BuD ; uvnf ; auseyf 0rf;ajrmufpGmeJY ]]t&Sifbk&m; em*aoe? aumif;vSyg\/ þodkYþtaMumif;ukd t&Sif bk&m; rdefYawmfrlonhftwkdif; 0efcHyg\}} vdkY avQmuf x m;vk d u f y gawmh o wJ h / uk d i f ; a':av;wkdYvnf; 'DrSmyJ acwå&yfem;MuygpkdY aemf / wl a v;? wl r av;wd k Y a wG v nf ; A[kokw wdk;yGm;vkdY todÓPfawG &ifhoef Muygap/ rjzpfao;wJh tukodkvfw&m;awG ukd rjzpfatmif BuKd;pm;tm;xkwfEkdifMuyg ap/ jzpfay:NyD;wJh tukodkvfw&m;awGudk y,fEkdifMuygap/ rjzpfao;wJh ukodkvfw&m;
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&SpfrsKd;wdkYaMumihf rsm;pGmaomowå0gwdkYonf a0'emwdkYudk cHpm;Mu&ukef\/ tb,f&SpfrsKd; wdkYenf;[lrl þavmuü tcsKdUaoma0'em wdkYonf1/ avaMumihfvnf; jzpfay:vm ukef\/ 2/ onf;ajcaMumifhvnf; jzpfay: vmukef\/ 3/ ovdyfaMumihfvnf; jzpfay:vm ukef\/ 4/ av? onf;ajc? ovdyf okH;yg; tpkta0; oEédygwfaMumifhvnf; jzpfay:vm ukef\/ 5/ Owkazmufjyefjcif;aMumihfvnf; jzpfay:vmukef\/ 6/ roif h a om tpmtm[m& aMumihfvnf; jzpfay:vmukef\/ 7/ vkHYvaMumifhvnf; jzpfay:vm ukef\/ 8/ tcsKd U aom a0'emwd k Y o nf uH\ tusKd;aMumihf jzpfukef\/ rif;jrwf? þ&Spfyg;aomtaMumif; wdaYk Mumihf rsm;pGmaomowå0gwdo Yk nf a0'em wdkYukd cHpm;&ukef\/ owå0gwdkYukd uHu n§if;qJ\ [kqkdaompum;onf rSm;\}} vkdY ajzMum;vd k u f y gw,f / rd v d E ´ r if ; BuD ; u ½kdaopGmem;pkdufaxmifae&if;u]]t&Sifbk&m;? tMuifavaMumifh jzpfaom tem? onf;ajcaMumifhjzpfaom tem? ovdyfaMumihfjzpfaom tem? av? onf;ajc? ovdyfokH;yg;tpkta0; oEédygwf aMumihfjzpf aomtem? Owkazmufjyefjcif; aMumif h j zpf a om a0'emwd k Y o nf &S d y g\/ xk d a 0'emtm;vk H ; wd k Y o nf uH o mvQif jzpf a Mumif ; &S d y guk e f \ / xk d t emtm;vk H ; wkdYonf uHaMumihfomvQif jzpfygukef\}} vdkY olY&JUxifjrifcsuf? ,lqcsufukd ajymvkduf owJhuG,f/ tJ ' D t cgrS m &S i f e m*aoeu NyKH;awmfrlNyD;wJhaemuf]]rif;jrwf xkdtemtm;vkH;wdkYonf
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
uHaMumihfomvQif tu,fí jzpfukefjim;tHh? xk d t ema&m*gwd k Y \ rd r d w d k Y \ oD ; jcm;tzk d Y tpktm;jzihf rSwfaMumif;vu©PmwdYkonf rjzpf a yuk e f &m? rif ; jrwf avonf ysufonf&Sdaomf tat;? tyl? qmavmifrI? rGwfodyfrI? tpm;vGefrI? txkdift&yfrsm;rI? tvGef tm;xkwrf ?I tajy;tvTm;vGerf ?I vkv YH ya,m*vG e f r I ? uH \ tusKd ; [l a om þq,f y g;aomtusKd ; aMumih f ysuf \ / xkdq,fyg;wdkYwGif a&SUukd;yg;wdkYonf twdwf b0ü rjzpfukef/ tem*wfb0ü rjzpfukef? ypö K yÜ e f b 0üom jzpf u k e f \ / xk d Y a Mumih f a0'em tm;vkH;wdkYukd uHaMumihfom jzpfukef \[k rqkdifEkdifyg/ rif ; jrwf ? onf ; ajcysuf a omf tay;t,l r oih f a om tpmtm[m& [l a om ok H ; yg; aomtaMumif ; aMumih f ysuf \ / rif ; jrwf ? ovd y f ysuf a omf tat;tyl pm;aomufzG,f[laom okH;yg; aomtaMumif;aMumihf ysuf\/ rif;jrwf? tMuifavonfvnf;aumif;? tMuifonf; ajconfvnf;aumif;? tMuifovdyfonf vnf;aumif; xkdxkd rdrdwdkY\ ysufaMumif;wdkY jzihf ysufvwfí t&m&m yl;aygif;onfjzpf vsuf rdrd rdrdwdkYESihfqkdif&m a0'emwdkYukd wdk;yGm;atmif iifqGJ\/ rif;jrwf Owkysufí jzpfaom a0'emonf OwkysufaomaMumifh jzpfav\/ roihfaomtpmtm[m&aMumihf jzpf a om a0'emonf roih f a om tpm tm[m&aMumih f j zpf \ / rif ; jrwf ? vk H Y v aMumihfjzpfaom a0'emonfum; ypöKyÜefwGif jyKvkyfaom trIaMumifhjzpfaom a0'em onf&Sd\/ a&S;uHtusKd;jzpfaom a0'em onf & S d \ / uH \ tusKd ; aMumih f j zpf a om a0'emonf a&S;üjyKvkyftyfaomaMumihf jzpf\/ rif;jrwf? þokdYvQif tusKd;aMumihf jzpf a om a0'emonf xk d r S < uif ; aom taMumif ; aMumih f j zpf a om a0'emonf rsm;\/ xkdodkY a0'emjzpf&mü olrkdufwkdYonf tvkH;pkHaoma0'emukd uHtusKd;aMumihfom vQif jzpfukef\ [k t,lonf;Muukef\/ xkduHudk bk&m;ÓPfawmfESihf uif;í jcm;em; yk d i f ; jzwf j cif ; uk d jyKvk y f j cif ; iS m rpG r f ; Ek d i f ? rif;jrwf ajcawmfudk ausmufcsyfvTm xdcdkuf azmufcGJtyfonfjzpfí jrwfpGmbk&m; cHpm; &aom a0'emonf av? onf;ajc? ovdyf?
okH;yg;tpkta0; oEédygwfaMumihfjzpfonf vnf;r[kwfacs? uHtusKd;aMumihfjzpfonf vnf;r[kwfacs? vkHYvaMumihfomjzpfay\/ rif;jrwf? a'0'wfonf b0aygif; rsm;pGmwdyYk wfv;Hk jrwfpmG bk&m;tay:ü &efNiK;d zGJUcJh\/ xkda'0'wfonf xkd&efNiKd;jzihf BuD;rm; av;vHaom ausmufvkH;ukd (,EÅ&m;jzihf) ,lí jrwfpGmbk&m;\OD;acgif;awmfxufü cstHh [k vTwfvkduf\/ xkdtcg wpfyg;ukef aom ausmufawmifxGwfESpfckwdkYonf vm ukefí xkda'0'wfvTwfvdkufaom ausmuf vkH;BuD;ukd jrwfpGmbk&m;xHodkY ra&mufrDom vQif cHvihfukef\/ xkdausmufawmifxGwf ESpfckwdkY\ wkdufckdufrdjcif;aMumihf ausmufcsyf vTmonf uGJxGufum pOfusvsuf jrwfpGm bk&m;\ajcawmfüusí aoG;udkjzpfap\/ rif;jrwf? jrwfpGmbk&m;\ þaoG;pdrf;wnf aoma0'emonf a&S;u 0dygufaMumihfvnf; aumif;? ypöKyÜefvkHYvjyKrIaMumihfvnf;aumif; jzpf&av\/ xkdESpfrsKd;xuf tvGefwpfyg; aom taMumif;aMumihf jzpfaoma0'em onfr&Sd/ OyrmwpfrsKd;aomfum; 0rf;wGif; "gwf ? ysuf p D ; aomaMumif h v nf ; aumif ; ? tm[m&"gwf ysuf p D ; aomaMumif h v nf ; aumif;? pm;zG,fonf aumif;pGmraMunuf? þtwl o mvQif jrwf p G m bk & m;\a0'em onf uH0dygufaMumifhvnf;aumif;? ypöKyÜef vkYHvjyKrIaMumihfvnf;aumif; jzpf&av\/ xkdESpfrsKd;xuf tvGefwpfyg;aomtaMumif; aMumihf jzpfaoma0'emonf r&Sd/ rif;jrwf? pifppf {ueftrSefaomf um; jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; 0dygufaMumifhjzpf ukefaom a0'emonfr&Sd/ roihfaom tpm tm[m&aMumihfjzpfaom a0'emonfr&Sd? <uif;ukefaom (ajcmufyg;aom) taMumif; ork|mefwkdYaMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; a0'em onf jzpf \ / pif p pf t m;jzih f <uif ; aom taMumif ; jzpf a om xk d a 0'emjzih f v nf ; jrwfpGmbk&m;ukd touf(ZD0dwda`E´) rS csjcif; iSm rwwfEkdif/ rif;jrwf? r[mbkwfav;yg;vQif t&if ; &S d a om þuk d , f ü tvk d & S d t yf u k e f ? tvkdr&Sdtyfukefaom? aumif;raumif;aom a0'emwd k Y o nf usa&muf w wf u k e f \ / aumif ; uif ü ypf a omcJ o nf ajrBuD ; od k Y usa&muf \ / cJ o nf a&S ; üjyKzl ; aomuH
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aMumif h ajrBuD ; üusuk e f o avm}} vk d Y rdvdE´rif;BuD;ukd ar;vdkY]]t&Sifbk&m; r[kwfyg/ ajrBuD;odkY usa&mufaom xkdcJonf ypöKyÜefjzpfaom a&S;uHa[mif;uif;aomtaMumif;jzihf xkdodkY jzpf&\/}} ]]xk d a jrcJ O yrmuJ h o d k Y jrwf p G m bk&m;\ tjzpfudk rSwftyf\/ cJonf a&S;u jyKcJhaom uHaMumihfr[kwfbJ (ajrBuD;\) xk d a usmuf c syf v T m onf jrwf p G m bk & m;\ ajcawmfü usa&muf\/ þavmuü vlwdkYonf ajrBuD;udk zsuf u k e f \ / wl ; vnf ; wl ; uk e f \ / a&S ; u jyKcJhaomuHaMumifh xkdvlwdkYonf ajrBuD;udk zsufukefoavm? wl;vnf; wl;ukefoavm}} vdkY rdvdE´rif;BuD;ukd ar;cGef;xkwfwmrkdY]]t&Sifbk&m; r[kwfyg}} vdkY rdvdE´ rif;BuD;u avQmufygw,f/ &Sifem*aoeu xyfrHNyD;awmh]]rif;jrwfç þtwlomvQif tMuif ausmufcsyfvTmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ ajc awmfü usa&muf\/ xkdausmufcsyfvTmonf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ a&S;ujyKtyfaomuHaMumihf jrwfpGmbk&m;\ajcawmfü usa&mufonf r[kwf? jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; tMuif0rf;aoG; oGefaomtemonfvnf; jzpf\? xkd0rf;aoG; oGefaomtemonfvnf; a&S;ujyKtyfaom uHaMumifhrjzpf/ av? onf;ajc? ovdyf? tpk ta0;[l a om oEé d y gwf a Mumih f o mvQif jzpf\/ rif;jrwf? jrwfpGmbk&m;\ukd,fü jzpfay:ukefaom tvkH;pkHaom tema&m*g wkdYonf a&S;uHaMumifhrjzpfukef/ ajcmufyg; uk e f a om tema&m*gjzpf j cif ; taMumif ; ork|mefwdkYwGif wpfyg;yg;aomtaMumif; ork|mefaMumihfjzpfukef\/ rif ; jrwf ? ewf x uf e wf j rwf j zpf awmf r l a om jrwf p G m bk & m;onf oH , k w å edum,f[k jrwfaom trnfwHqdyf cwfESdyf tyfaom armVd,oD0utajzü þpum;udk vnf; a[mawmfrlcJh\/ ¤if;pum;wdkYrSmoD0u? þavmuü onf;ajcvQif jzpfaMumif;&Sdukefaom tcsKdUaom a0'em wdkYonf jzpfukef\/ xkda0'emwkYd\ jzpfjcif; [laom þtaMumif;ukd ukd,fwkdifvnf; od t yf \ / xk d t csKd U aom a0'emwk d Y \ jzpfjcif;[laom þtaMumif;udkvnf; trSef pmrsuf E S m 33 od k Y
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
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jyKrl&ygoenf;}} ]]toifrif;BuD; aocsmpGm em;qif ygavmh}} ]]a&S;vGefavNy;D aomumvwpfcu k uRefawmfronf ]]tdrf&Sifr}} wpfOD;jzpfcJhyg onf/ wpfaeYaomtcg vifa,musfm;\ oli,fcsif;wpfOD;tdrfodkY tvnfa&mufvmcJh ygonf/ xdkoli,fcsif;tm; xrif;[if;vsm csufjyKwfí {nhfcH&rnfjzpfonf/ aps;odkY tjrefoGm;um [if;pm;&SmazGcJhygaomfvnf; r&&S d c J h y g/ uRef a wmf r sd K ;rvnf ; td r f w G i f arG;xm;aom od;k rav;wpfaumifuo kd wfum [if;pm;tjzpf wnfcif;{nhfcHauR;arG;cJhrdyg onf / xdb k 0rSaovGecf ahJ omf xdt k ukov kd f uH 0#fa<u;aMumifh i&JodkY usa&mufcJh&yg onf / aemuf j zpf a v&mb0quf w k d i f ; qufwkdif;rSmvnf; xdkodk;rav;udk,fay:wGif &Sdaom ]]tarT;}} tyifav;rsm;\ ta& twGuftwdkif; acgif;jzwfowfjcif;udk cHpm; cJh&ygonf/ xdkuJhodkY BuD;pGmaom tukodkvfuH 0#fa<u;udk qif;&Jyifyef;pGm 'kuc© pH m;cJ&h onhf udk,fawGUjzpf&yfudk uRefrod&SdcJh&ygonf/ toifrif;BuD;twGuf cHpm;&rnhf 'ku©udk awG ; rd í pd k ; &d r f y l y ef r d y gonf / od k ; rav; wpfaumifwnf;udo k m owfcrhJ o d l uReaf wmfr rS m þrQi&J c H p m;cJ h & onf q d k y gu wpf & mh
wpfyg;aomrif; wpf&mhwpfyg;aom rdzk&m; rsm;pG m wd k Y \ touf a ygif ; rsm;pG m ud k owf j zwf & ef B uH p nf a eol t&S i f r if ; BuD ; twGuf tb,frQMumatmif i&JcHpm;&vdrfh rnfenf;/ BuD;pGmaom'ku©qif;&JudkcHum oifrif;BuD;jyKtyfaom tukodkvftvkduf rnfonhftcsdeftcgusrSom i&JrSvGwfEdkifyg rnfenf;/ vGwfvrf;r&SdEdkifawmhonhf t&Sif rif;BuD;twGuf pdwfraumif;jzpfum pdk;&drf ylyefaomupdwaf Mumihf uReaf wmfrsKd ;r idak <u; jcif;jzpfygonf}} [lí "r®'Ed mé rdz&k m;u idak <u; &jcif;taMumif;&if;udk &Sif;vif;ajymjyav onf / ]]'gqdk &,farmjcif;trIudk rnfodkY aom taMumif;&if;jzihf jyKvkyfygoenf;}} [k ar;jref;ol Am&mPoDrif;BuD; tm; "r®'dEému]]t&Sifrif;BuD;? ,cktcg uRefawmf r\ jyKcJhzl;aom tukodkvf0#fa<u; ukefqHk; oGm;NyDjzpfí 'ku©BuD;pGmcHpm;&aom tyg,f i&J 0 #f q if ; &J r S vG w f u if ; oG m ;NyD j zpf í 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om &,farmrdjcif;jzpfygonf}} [lí avQmufxm;av\/ xdktcg anmifyifapmihfewfrif; onf a&S;enf;twl udk,fxifjyvsuf]]aumif;aypG? aumif;aypG}} [k yef;qkyfyef;cdkifrsm;jzihf "r®'dEémrdzk&m;tm; csD;rGrf;ylaZmfjyefavonf/ xdkuJhodkY anmifyif apmihf½ku©pdk;ewfrif;udk,fwkdif "r®'dEémrdzk&m; tm; yef;rsm;jzihf ylaZmfjcif;udk vufawGUrsuf jrif j zpf o nh f y&d o wf t m;vH k ; rS m vnf ; tkwfatmfaomif;wif; "r®'dEém\ &Sif;vif; ajymMum;jcif;udk csD;rGrf;Muavonf/ Am&mPoDrif;BuD;rSmvnf;]]igonfum; tvGefyif BuD;av; aom tjypfBuD;udk rkdufrJpGmjyKvkyfrdawmhrSm ygvm;/ 'D ihg&JUtukodkvftvkyfudk ,ckyif csufcsif; jyefvnfjyKjyifapawmhtHh}} zrf;qD;csKyfaESmifxm;oltaygif;udk vG w f a jrmuf c G i f h a y;avonf / rd r d t rS m ; twGuf rdrdxuf toufBuD;&ihfol rsm;udk ajrü0yf p if ; í awmif ; yef u ef a wmh a v onf/ Am&mPoDjynhf&Sif jA[®'wfbk&if onf rdrdusL;vGefawmhrnhf tukodkvfuH tjypfudk aumif;pGmqifjcifodjrifNyD; jyefvnf jyifqifEkdifoljzpfavonf/ om,mat;csrf;aom rdom;pkb0
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/
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&SmazGaeaom tvSw&m; vif ; jrwf (jref r mpm)
nu vomaeonf/ va&mifazsmh azsmhu v,fapmihfwJay: jzmusaeonf/ arSmifaomaumif;uifrSm Mu,fvnf;pHkae onf/ avuvnf; aomhaomhav;0ifonf/ vomaomnu vSonf/ onftvSay: cHpm;&if; epfarsmaysmf0ifaerdonf/ Ekopfaomt&GufwdkY tyifü &Sdae onf/ &Guf0gawGu NzdKufueJ a<uusae onf/ jrufpdrf;yifwdkY aoGUajcmufukefMuNyD/ jzwfarmif;oGm;aom vSnf;aemufrSm zkefawG vdrv fh rd w hf ufusecf MhJ uonf/ 'gonf aEGtvS xJu wpfpeG ;f wpfpaom tvSw&m;jzpfonf/ pdrf;zefYaom jrufyifpkawGqDrSm ESif;ykvJpufwdkY wGJumcdkum oDvsuf&Sdonf/ ESif;aiGUat;at;rSm aejcnfEk aEG;aEG;vnf; wdk;raygufom/ avsmh&Jaom tvif;pkvnf; rxif&Sm;om/ uGif;jyifus,frSm jrLaiGUjzihf
rdIif;írIHívnf;&Sdonf/ v,fapmifhwJh "edrdk;ay:rSm ESif;&nf ayguf\ ]]azmuf}} ueJ usoHum; wpfcsuf csufrSm Mum;&jyefonf/ b,fvdkyJ jzpfaeyg ap/ aqmif;\eHeufcif;onfvnf; vSyrIjzihf xHkrTrf;vsufyif&Sdaejyefonf/ zGJaom rdk;pufuvnf; cyf&GJ&GJav; usaeonf/ a&xdaomMumwdkY ta&mifpHkpGm yG i f h v ef ; aeonf / bJ t k y f w pf & mMum;rS m r&rf;jyma&mif aA'gyGiafh v;uvnf; trSt D cdk rJhpGm &yfwnfvsuf&Sdonf/ vQyfyef;vQyfEG,f wdkYuvnf; aumif;uifrSm vufueJ0if;ueJ &Sdjyefonf/ 'gonfvnf; tjrifrSmvSíaejyef onf/ oeyfcg;zHzk EkH iS fh t½d;k cH&adS omrde;f uav; onfvnf; wpfrsdK;vSonf/ jyifqifjc,fo aom rd e f ; uav;onf v nf ; vS í Munh f
rsm;pGmudk ysufpD;ap&eftwGuf toufaygif; rsm;pGmudk paw;í tukov kd u f BH u;D udk jyKvyk f awmhrnhf Am&mPoDrif;rSm "r®'dEémrdzk&m;\ oifcef;pmay;a[majymrIaMumihf trSefvrf; udk jyefvnfavQmufvSrf;EdkifcJhavonf/ "r® 'dEémrdzk&m;\ todynmÓPf qifjcifwHk w&m;aMumif h rsm;pG m aomvl t aygif ; \ toufukd u,fwifapmifah &SmufEikd cf ahJ vonf/ "r®'dEémonf ,cktcg igbk&m;\ vuf x uf a wmf w G i f rv’ d u ma'0D j zpf N yD ; Am&mPoD r if ; onf yaoe'D a umov rif;BuD;jzpfonf/ xdktcsdefu anmifyifapmifh ewfrif;onf igbk&m;yifjzpfayonf}} [lí a'oemawmfudk tqHk;owfa[mMum;awmf rlcJhygonf/ xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifonf a0ae,sowå0gtaygif;tm; xyfrHí w&m; a[majymawmfrljyefygonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;ocifrS rv’duma'0D rdzk&m;BuD;b0rSmomru "r®'dEémrdzk&m;jzpf pOf b 0uwnf ; u ynmjzih f q if j cif u m vltaygif;owå0gtaygif;\ toufab; tEÅ&m,fwdkYudk u,fwifay;EdkifcJhaMumif; a[majymawmfrlonf/ xdktcsdefu yaoe'D aumovrif;BuD;onf olwpfyg;r,m;udk
udavomaZmt[kefaMumifh azmufjyefysuf ,Gif; rw&m;twif;aygif;oif;&ef BuHpnf tm;xkwfaecJhí tdyfraysmfEdkifjzpfaeonhf tcsdefwGif ]'k- o- e- aom}} [laom olaX; om;av;a,muf\ avm[ukriDÇ &Jt;kd twGi;f rS atmf [ pf n nf ; wG m ;oH u d k wpf c Pwm Mum;vkduf&ol aumovrif;twGuf ]]xdkn onf t&SnfqHk;aomn}} yifjzpfaeayawmh onf / rdrdudk taoowf? rdrdr,m;udk rw&m;odrf;ydkuf aygif;oif;&ef BuHpnfaeol aumovrif;taMumif;udk aumif;aumif; Bu;D od&x dS m;ol xdv k v k ifrmS vnf; ukrjk 'mMum ESihf t½kP0wD ajrnufudk t&,lcJh&rnhf rif;rdefYaMumihfoGm;cJh&aom c&D;wpf,lZem twkdif;twmonf tvGefyif ydkrdk&Snfvsm; a0;uGmvGef;aeavonf/ xdaYk Mumifh jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siu f ]]&[ef;wdkY- tdyfraysmfoltwGuf wpf nwmtcsdefonf &Snfvsm;vGef;vS\/ pd w f a &mud k , f y g yif y ef ; aeol c&D ; oG m ; wpf O D ; twG u f r S m vnf ; av;*g0k w f r Qom &S d a om wpf , l Z emc&D ; onf tvG e f y if a0;uG m vS o nf [ k xif & wwf o nf / ]]ol a wmf a umif ; w&m;rod o l
pmrsuf E S m 19 od k Y
]vlrkduf} rsm;twGufrSmvnf; ]oHo&mc&D;} onf ta0;qHk;? tMumqHk;? &Snfvsm;qHk; jzpf a yonf / }} ('D a Cm Amvme oH o m a&m) ]]raumif ; rI t uk o d k v f j yKvk y f o l wd k Y o nf þb0rS m vnf ; pd k ; &d r f x d w f v ef Y aMumuf & G H U aeMu&\/ aemif j zpf a v&m oHo&mrSmvnf; qdk;0g;yifyef;vSpGmaom 'k u © r sm;ud k cH p m;Mu&\/ raumif ; rI jyKvk y f a omol r sm;onf jzpf a v&mb0 wk d i f ; ü tNrJ w rf ; yl y ef a omua&muf M u& \/ tyg,f i &J q if ; &J t aygif ; ud k v nf ; cH p m;Mu&rnf j zpf a yonf / ("r® y ') jrwf A k ' ¨ a [mMum;awmf r l a om a'oemawmf\tqHk;0,f owå0grsm;pGmwdkY onf aomwmywådzkdvf ponfwdkYjzpfMuav ukefonf/ "r® ' d E é m b0Zmwf a Mumif ; waph wapmif; odorQudk azmfjyay;&efawmif;qdk vmol rdwfaqGtrsm; auseyfESpfodrfhtm½Hk awGUygapaMumif;aMumufp&mhumr*kPf &r®ufaZm vIHvQif avm[ukrÇDi&JjynfodkY jrefpGmraES; usrnhfab;udk a0;a0;a&SmifEdkifMuygap/ ouf y d k i f N id r f ; (½k u © a A')
TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA
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"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfonf/
pmrsuf E S m 23 rS cEÅD[lonf avmu"H&SpfrsKd;rsm;ESihf yufyif;wdk; wdk;rd&mwdkif;wdkYü taumi;fav;rsKd;wdkYESihf awGUrd&müvnf; rvIyfwpd cHEkdif &nf&Sdjcif;udkqdk\/ tqdk;av;rsKd;wdkYESihf awGUrdjyefvQifvnf; rvIyfwpd cHEkdif &nf&Sdjcif;udk qkd\/ xdk rvIyfwpd cHEkdif&nf&Sdjcif;onf "r®"mwftm;jzihf &ifhusufapNyD;aom olawmfaumfi;BuD; rsm;\ *kPfxl; owdåBuD;wnf;/ "r®owdåxdkcHEkdif&nfrsKd; r&SdMuukefavukefaom avmu om;rsm; tzdkYum; b0zefcg oHo&mESihfcsDí aumifusKd;arQmfudk; tqdk;odkY csnf;om wdk;rdaeacs&um;.... ,if; avmu"H toHMum;½Hkjzihf wkefvIyfaeacsNyD/; aiGr&Sd a&Tr&Sdaom vufvkyfvufpm; qif;&Jom;? ¤if;\ vufMum; aiGom;a&Tom; wpfjym; wpfcsyf uyfrdvmaomf r&Sdwkef; u qdk;usKd; *kwfudkcsKd;aomtm;jzihf xdkvuf&aiGtm; tdwfoGefzm arSmuf oHk;ypfonfhtvm;/ tqdk;Mum;rS taumif;wpfck bGm;ceJay:vmonfESihf aqGUaqGUckef wkefbd\/ tqdk;Mum;rS tqdk;rsm; wpfvTm;NyD;wpfvTm; rsm;vmonf ESihf xGefYxGefYvl; ul;rd\/ avmued , mrt& wef j yef t m;jzih f ½d k u f c wf v suf u wpfzufrSonf wpfzufqDodkY wGef;ydkYaeaom avmuwHxGm "r®wm &SpfrsKd;wdkYwGif.... vmbf a ygvmrnf ? vmbf a ygvQif ta`cG t &H v nf ; csOf;uyfvmonf/ ta`cGt&HwdkY vufa0cHrQ &MuvQif csD;rGrf;vm aemuf a usmzH k ; rS . ...
Murnf/ ¤if;udk om,maomf okc/ xdktaumif; avmu"Hav;rsKd;wdkYonf pifppf rdrd\ BudKufpdwf BudKufpGJavmbrsm;u orkwftyf aom avmu"Hw&m;wnf;/ wpfzef vmbfwdwfrnf? vmbfwdwfaomf vlrpnfum; ta`cGt&Hvnf; rrsm;? xdkta`cGt&HwdkY vufa0cH[ef r&aomf ½Iwfcsrnf/ ¤if;udk rcHcsifaomf 'ku© xdktqdk; avmu"Hav;rsKd;wdkYonfum; pifppf rdrd\ oP²mef&Sd rkef;pdwf(a'go)u orkwfxm; aomt&mrsm;yifwnf;/ odkYaMumihfwu,faumif;r[kwfaom taumfi;rsm;onf vnf;aumif;? jyifytawGUtxdwdkYrS&aom taumif;rsm;onfvnf; aumif;? avmbu vdrfauR;xm;onfh aq;cg;BuD;[lí rSwftyf\/ wpfzef wpfu,fqdk;r[kwfaom tqdk;rsm;onfvnf; aumif;? jyifytawGUtxdwdkYrS&aom tqdk;rsm;onfvnf;aumif;? a'gou vdrfauR;xm;onfh aq;cg;BuD;[lí rSwftyf\/ odkYr[kwf olYobm0ESihf ol olUuHtusKd;ay;twdkif; jzpfxGef;aeMu yguk e f a om jyif y 0w¬ K tpk p k w d k Y u d k rd r d \ umrk ' gef t jrif j zif h taumif; xifrSwfjcif;? tqdk;xifrSwfjcif;rsm;onf ed,mrudk ESpfokwfcGJjcm;um cHpm;aejcif;rQomwnf;/ rdrd\ uH<uif;uHp tvSnhfusaMumihf&vmaom ypönf;"e jyify0w¬Kt00udkvQif taumif;xif cifrifvdkufpm;rd&mrS "mwf wnh f a epOf taumif ; "mwf r wnh f a vaomtcg tqd k ; [l í xifvmjcif;rsm;onfvnf; pifppf rdrdpdwfwGif;&Sd avmba'gow&m; ESpfyg;\ tjyeftvSef ½dkufcwftm;csnf;yifwnf;/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )
wdkYu ynwfxm;\/ tcsdKUolwdkYonf ay;vSLjcif; ponf&Sd\[laom 0g'udk a[majymukef\/ xdkolwdkY\pum;onf tcsnf;ESD;jzpf\/ rSm;,Gif;\/ a,mif,rf;ajymqdkaompum;jzpf\/ vlrkdufjzpfap? ynm&Sdjzpfap? cE¨mudk,fysufpD;vQif jywfpJukef\/ aoonfrSaemuf ü r&Sdukef[k ajymqdkygonf/ t&Sifjrwfbk&m;? udk,fwkdifodjrif&aom ]]&[ef;jzpfusdK;}} udk ar;ygvsuf? tZdwauourÁvonf tuREfkyftm; þodkY jywfpJ 0g'udk ajzMum;yg\t&Sifbk&m;/ o&ufyifudkar;ygvsuf awmifydEéJ yifudk ajzouJhodkYvnf;aumif;? awmifydEéJyifudkar;ygvsuf o&ufyif udk ajzouJhodkYvnf;aumif;? þtwl udk,fwkdifodjrif&aom ]]&[ef; jzpfusdK;}} udkar;ygvsuf tZdwauourÁvonf tuREfkyftm; jywfpJ0g'udk ajzMum;yg\ t&Sifbk&m;/ tuREfkyftm; þodkYtBuHjzpf yg\/ ]]iguJhodkYaomrif;onf EkdifiHawmfüaeaom orPjAm[® Pudk jypfwifarmif;rJoihfonf[k tb,fhaMumifh rSwf,lEdkifyg tHhenf;}} [k tBuHjzpfyg\/ t&Sifbk&m;? tuREfkyfonf tZdwauourÁv ajymaom pum;udk ESpfvnf;rESpfoufcJhyg/ y,fvnf; ry,fcJhyg/ rESpfoufcJh
lated and destroyed; and nothing comes again into being. Thus, Lord, did Ajita Kesakambala, when asked what was the advantage of a samana's life in this very life, expound his view of Annihilation. Just, Lord, as if a man, when asked what a mango was, should explain what a bread-fruit is. Just so did Ajita Kesakambala, when asked what was the advantage of a samana's life in this very life, expound his view of Annihilation. Then Lord, it occurred to me: "How should such a one as I think of blaming any samana or brahman residing in my kingdom?" Lord, I neither applauded nor rejected what he said, and though not agreeable to me, neither applauding nor rejecting what he said, I did not say anything about my disagreement, and without accepting or paying attention to that answer of his, I rose, from my seat, and departed thence. PAKUDHA KACCAYANA'S VIEW On one occasion I went to Pakudha Kacca-yana. After exchanging with him greetings and compliments of friendship and courtesy, I sat at one side, and put the question to him:
From the back covera
MORAL AND ETHICS "r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/
ry,fcJhrlí ESvHk;romaomfvnf; ESvHk;romaompum;udk rajymqdk rlí xdkpum;udk rem,l rrSwfom;yJ ae&mrSxum jyefcJhygonf/ yuk " upö m ,e\ t,l 0 g' t&Sifjrwfbk&m;? tcgwpfyg;ü tuREfkyfonf yuk"upöm, exHodkY csOf;uyfí? yuk"upöm,eESihftwl 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om EIwfqufajymqdkyg\/ 0rf;ajrmufzG,f trSwf&zG,fpum;udk NyD;qHk;ap í wpfckaomae&müxdkifvsuf yuk"upömetm; þjyóemudk ar;zl;yg\/ ]]t&Sifupöm,e rsm;pGmaomtwwfwdkYonf &Sdygukef\/ (y)/ þtwwfwdkY\tusdK;ESihfwlpGm rsufarSmufb0üyif udk,fwkdif odjrif&aom ]]&[ef;jzpfusdK;}} udk jyjcif;iSm wwfEdkifygoavm t&Sif upöm,e}} [k ar;zl;yg\/ þodkYar;aomf yuk"upömeonf tuREfkyftm; þpum;udk ajymqdkygonf t&Sifjrwfbk&m;.. ]]rif;BuD; þckepfyg;aomtpkwdkYonf jyKvkyfxm;onf r[kwfukef/ jyKvkyfxm;aponfr[kwfukef/ zefqif;xm;onfr[kwf ukef/ zefqif;xm;aponfr[kwfukef/ NrHKukef\/ awmifxGwfuJhodkY wnfukef\/ ckdifNrJaomwHcg;wkdifuJhodkY wnfukef\/ xdktpkwdkYonf rwkefvIyfukef/ razmufjyefukef/ tcsif;csif;rn§if;qJEdkifukef/ tcsif; csif; csrf;om&efvnf;aumif;? qif;&J&efvnf;aumif;? csrf;omqif;&J &efvnf;aumif; rwwfEdkifukef/ ckepfyg;wdkY[lonf tb,fenf;/ ajrtpk? a&tpk? rD;tpk? avtpk? csrf;om? qif;&J? ckepfckajrmuf toufwdkYwnf;/ þckepfyg;aomtpkwdkYonf jyKvkyfxm;onfr[kwfukef/ jyKvkyx f m;aponfr[kwu f ek /f zefqif;xm;onfr[kwu f ek /f zefqif; xm;aponfr[kwfukef/ NrHKukef\/ awmifxGwfuJhodkY wnfukef\/ ckdifNrJaomwHcg;wkdifuJhodkY wnfukef\/ xdktpkwdkYonf rwkefvIyfukef/ razmufjyefukef/ tcsif;csif; rn§if;qJEdkifukef/ tcsif;csif; csrf;om &efvnf;aumif;? qif;&J&efvnf;aumif;? csr;f omqif;&J&efvnf;aumif; rwwfEdkifukef/ xdktpkwdkYonf owfol? owfapol/ Mum;ol? Mum;ap ol/ odol? odapolrsm; r&Sdukef/ xufpGmaomvufeufjzihf OD;acgif; udk jzwfapumrl wpfOD;wpfa,mufonf wpfOD;wpfa,mufudk owfonfrrnf/ vufeufonf ckepfyg;aomtpkwdkY\ tMum; [if;vif;odkY usa&muf\}} [k ajymqdkygonf/ t&Sifjrwfbk&m;? udk,fwdkifodjrif&aom ]]&[ef;jzpfusdK;}} udk ar;ygvsuf yuk"upöm,eonf tuREfkyftm; þodkY taMumif; t&mwpfyg;jzihf taMumif;t&mwpfyg;udk ajzMum;yg\/ t&Sib f &k m;o&ufyifudkar;ygvsuf awmifydEéJyifudk ajzouJhodkYvnf;aumif;? awmifydEéJyifukdar;ygvsuf o&ufyifudkajzouJhodkYvnf;aumif;? þtwl udk,fwkdifodjrif&aom ]]&[ef;jzpfusdK;}} udkar;ygvsuf yuk" upöm,eonf tuREfkyftm; taMumif;t&mwpfyg;jzihf taMumif; t&mwpfyg;udk ajzMum;yg\/ t&Sifbk&m;- tuREfkyftm; þodkYtBuH jzpfyg\/ ]]iguJhodkYaomrif;onf? EdkifiHawmfüaeaom orPjA[®P udk jypfwifarmif;rJoihfonf[k tb,faMumifhrS rSwf,lEdkifygtHhenf;}} [k tBuHjzpfyg\/ ]]t&Sifbk&m;- tuREfkyfonf yuk"upöm,e ajymaom
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"O Pakudha Kaccayana, there are many kinds of ordinary crafts:............" Then Pakudha Kacca-yana said to me: "O King, the following seven are neither made nor caused to be created, they are unproductive, immoveable as a mountain peak, as a piller fivmly planted." "They do not waver, neither do they change, they do not interface with one another, nor cause pleasure nor pain nor pleasure and pain." "What are the seven?" "The four element_ earth, water, fire, and air and pleasure, and suffering, and the life-principle. These seven are neither made nor caused to be made, neither created nor cause to be created, they are unproductive, immoveable as a mountain peak, as a pillar firmly planted." "They do not waver, neither do they changes, they do not interfere with one another, nor cause pleasure nor pain, nor pleasure and pain." "Among those things there is neither killer nor the causer of killing, hearer or speaker, knower or maker-toknow, even when one with a sharp weapon cuts another's head into two, it does not mean that one kill another, only the weapon has penetrated in between these seven." "Thus, Lord, did Pakudha kacca-yana, when asked what was the advantage of a samana's life in this very life, expounded the matter by means of some irrelevant things." "Just, Lord, as if a man, when asked what a mango was, should explain what a bread-fruit is. Just so did Pakudha Kacca- yana, when asked what was the advantage of a samana's life in this very life, expound the matter by some irrelevant things." Then, Lord, it occurred to me: "How should such a one as I think of blaming any samana or brahman residing in my kingdom?" Lord, I neither applanded not rejected what he said, and though not agreeable to me, neither applauding nor rejecting what he said. I did not say anything about my disagreement, and without accepting or paying attention to that answer of his, I rose from my seat, and departed thence. (To Be Continue) Hanthawaddy U Ohn Kyaing
pum;udk ESpfvnf;rESpfoufcJhyg/ y,fvnf; ry,fcJhyg/ rESpfouf ry,fcJhrlí ESvHk;romaomfvnf; ESvHk;romaompum;udk r>rufqdkrl í xdkpum;udk rem,lrrSwfom;yJ ae&mrSxum jyefcJhygonfbk&m;/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) [H o m0wD - OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if
Sa-maññaphala Sutta Desana-(Discourse on the advantage of a Samana's life) [H o m0wD - OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) tZd w auourÁ v \ t,l 0 g' t&Sifjrwfbk&m;? tcgwpfyg;ü tuREfkyfonf tZdwauo urÁvxHodkY csOf;uyfí tZdwauourÁvESihftwl 0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;omEIwfqufpum;ajymqdkyg\/ 0rf;ajrmufzG,f trSwf&zG,f pum;udk NyD;qHk;apí wpfcak omae&müxdik v f su?f tZdwauourÁv tm; þjyóemudk ar;zl;yg\/ ]]t&Sit f Zdw rsm;pGmaomtwwfwo Ykd nf &Syd guke\ f / (y) / þtwwfwdkY\tusdK;ESihfwlpGm rsufarSmufb0üyif udk,fwkdifodjrif &aom ]]&[ef;jzpfusKd ;}} udk jyjcif;iSm wwfEikd yf goavm? t&Sit f Zdw}} [k ar;zl;yg\/ þodkY ar;aomf tZdwauourÁvonf tuREfkyftm; þpum;udk ajymqdkygonf t&Sifbk&m;/ ]]rif;BuD;? ay;vSLjcif;onfr&Sd/ ,ZfylaZmfjcif;onfr&Sd/ [Hk; ylaZmfjcif;onfr&Sd/ aumif;rI raumif;rIwdkY\ tusdK;0dygufonfr&Sd/ þavmuonfr&Sd/ wpfyg;aom avmuonfr&Sd/ trdonfr&Sd/ tzonf r &S d / aoíwpf z ef j zpf a om owå 0 gwd k Y o nf r&S d u k e f / þavmuudkvnf;aumif;? wpfyg;aomavmuudkvnf;aumif;? udk,fwdkifxl;aomÓPfjzihfodí rsufarSmufjyKvsuf a[mMum;Edkifukef aom ajzmifhrSefaom t&d,mr*fodkYa&mufukefaom aumif;aom tusihf&Sdukefaom orPjA[®PwdkYonf avmuü r&Sdukef/}} ]]þowå0gonf r[mbkwfav;yg; tpkta0;omjzpf\/ aoaomtcg ajr"mwfonf ajr"mwftpkodkYqdkuf\/ a&muf\/ a&"mwfonf a&"mwftpkodkY qdkuf\/ a&muf\/ rD;"mwfonf rD;"mwftpkodkYqkduf\/ a&muf\/ av"mwfonf av"mwftpkodkY qkduf\/ a&muf\/ emrf£a`E´wdkYonf aumif;uifodkY ajymif;a&TUukef \/ anmifapmif;vQif ig;ckajrmufjzpfaom a,musfm;wdkYonf olao aumifudk,lí oGm;ukef\/ ocsØKif;wdkifatmif olaoaumifwdkYonf xifukef\/ t½dk;wdkYonf cdktqif;uJhodkYjzpfukef\/}} ]]tvSLwdkYonf jymtqHk;&Sdukef\/ tvSLay;jcif;udk vlrkduf
AJITA KESAKAMBALA'S VIEW On me occasion I went to Ajita Kesakambala (Ajita of the garment of hair). After exchanging with him greetings and compliments of friendship and courtesy, I sat at one side, and put the question to him: "O Ajita Kesakambala, there are many kinds of ordinary crafts.............................................................." Then Ajita Kesakambala said to me: "O King! There does not really exist almsgiving. There really does not exist offering on a big scale. There really do not exist wholesome and unholesome volitional actions as cause and their fruits as result."` "There really does not exist this world. There really do not exist the other worlds or planes." "There is neither mother nor father, nor beings born without the instrumentality or parents". "There really do not exist in this world samanas and brahmans who have followed the Dhamma-path and possess tranquillity of mind, and having themselves seen, through "Higher Spiritual Powers," this very world and the other worlds, expound their knowledge to others." "This being is nothing but the combination of the Four Great Essentials." "On the dissolution of the body aftere death, the Element of Extension will go to the earth-group, the Element of Cohesion will go to the water-group, the Element of Kinetic Energy will go to the fire-group, the Element of Motion will go to the wind-group; and the Faculties move up to the sky." "Four carries (with the bier as the fifth) carry the corpse; the remains are seen up to the cemetery; the bones become pigeon-coloured; and his offerings end in ashes." "Alamsgiving has been prescribed by fools. There words are empty, false and idle. Both the foolish and the wisd, on the dissolution of the body after death are annihi-
pmrsuf E S m 38 od k Y