5.18 Archive’s memorial space for journalist Terry A. Anderson
Photo by Eunjung LIM
THE EDITORIAL TEAM
Publisher Dr. Shin Gyonggu
Editor-in-Chief Dr. David E. Shaffer
Copy Editing Dr. David E. Shaffer
Layout Editor Lee Hwadahm
Online Editor Lee Hwadahm
The Gwangju News is the first English monthly magazine for the general public in Korea, first published in 2001. Each monthly issue covers local and regional issues, with a focus on the roles and activities of the international residents and local Englishspeaking communities.
The Gwangju News is published by the Gwangju International Center: Jungang-ro 196-beon-gil 5 (Geumnam-ro 3-ga), Dong-gu, Gwangju 61475, South Korea
Tel: (+82)-62-226-2733 Fax: (+82)-62-226-2731
Website: www.gwangjunewsgic.com
From the Editor
It’s May! It’s spring! Flowers are blooming. Blossoms are blossoming; buds are budding. These all bring colorful, refreshing, rejuvenating thoughts to mind. So it was for my first decade of living in Gwangju, the quiet, rustic city, at the time, nestled in the heart of Jeolla-do. But that has all changed. For the past 44 years, the thought of May that is most assuredly the first to pop into my mind is one of incoming martial law forces, protesting citizenry, gunfire, blood in the streets, and death. May 18, 1980, was the beginning of the ten-day Gwangju Uprising that has been indelibly imprinted upon my memory and on the minds of many others residing in the area at that time.
This May marks the 44th anniversary of the Gwangju Uprising (aka the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement), an event that should not be forgotten. To do our part in keeping the memory of the Gwangju Uprising vivid, the Gwangju News offers two features related to the Uprising. The first is about the struggle to keep the memory of the Gwangju Uprising alive and true. The second is about the May 18 Research Institute, whose role reaches far beyond preserving the spirit of May to the areas of democracy, human rights, and peace both within Korea and beyond.
Korea has just recently experienced another round of National Assembly elections that were billed as a referendum on the current administration. Read our feature of election analysis on voting results in the different regions of the nation and their impact. This April also marked the tenth anniversary of the sinking of the Sewol Ferry and the loss of hundreds of young lives. Read our account of a recent trip to the site of the drydocked vessel [Lost in Honam].
For volunteering and article submission inquiries, please contact the editor at gwangjunews@gic.or.kr
Special thanks to Gwangju City and all of our sponsors.
Closer to home, you won’t want to miss the May floral display at the Chosun University Rose Garden [What to Do in Gwangju]. Discover how Ramadan is observed in Gwangju [People in Gwangju]. Learn more about the painting of Gwangju artist Cho Jeong-tae [People in the Arts]. And much more!
Enjoy the remainder of spring, remember May, and enjoy this month’s issue of the Gwangju News!
David E. Shaffer
Editor-in-Chief
Gwangju News
Gwangju & South Jeolla
Terry A. Anderson (1947 - 2024)
Reporter Terry Anderson made efforts to directly report from Gwangju to raise awareness of the May 18th tragedy. Our deepest condolences.
Gwangju City News
ID Requirement to Be Strengthened at Medical Facilities
From May 20, identity verification will be strengthened before treatment at city hospitals and clinics. This is to ensure safe healthcare is available and to prevent drug misuse in advance. It will be implemented at medical care facilities, including all hospitals and clinics. However, patients under the age of 19 or emergency patients are subject to exceptions.
The ID card must have a photo and a registered identity number appearing on it. For example, acceptable ID includes resident registration cards, driver’s license, passport, national veteran’s registration card, disabled registration card, and alien registration card (ARC).
Training Course for Medical Interpreters Initiated
Gwangju plans to train medical interpreters to assist foreign residents in need of help when using medical institutions due to communication barriers. The medical interpreters will be trained and pass a required test before finally being selected. They will then be dispatched to the field for service.
There are theoretical and practical education included in the training. In the theoretical education, students learn basic medicine and medical terms among others. It is to be conducted face-to-face and requires a total of 60 hours to be completed. Practical training is conducted at the free clinic for foreigners at the Gwangju Migrant Health Center. A total of 12 hours of practical training must be completed. After all training is completed, a written and a practical test will be administered. Trainees must pass both of these tests to be selected as a final successful candidate.
Interpreters are expected to be dispatched in August. The projected schedule thus far involves educational sessions in May and June, examinations and a selection process in July, and then engagement in activities from August to December. There are about five activity reports and meetings planned while working as a medical interpreter, and the payment for dispatched personnel is 25,000 won per hour.
• Recruitment Period: April 15 – May 7, 2024
• Targeted for Recruitment: Bilingual migrants –Vietnamese, Chinese, Thai, and Mongolian. TOPIK Level 4 or higher or 3 years or more of interpretation experience.
• Period: May 11 – July 14, 2024 (9:00–18:00 every Saturday).
• Venue: Gwangju Migrant Health Center
• How to Apply: QR code
•For more information: 062-956-3353 / gmwcc3353@daum.net
Nam-gu Supports for Pre-Pregnancy Health Management
• Target for Support: Couples hoping to bear children (including de facto marriages and prospective couples. Couple of which at least one member is a foreigner.) Support is provided for women of childbearing age (15–49 years old, WHO standard).
• Testing Support: For women – Ovarian function test (blood test), gynecological ultrasound testing (e.g., ovary, uterus, etc.). For men: Semen inspection (including precision test of sperm).
• Amount of Support:
Women – Up to 130,000 won. Men – Up to 50,000 won.
* Costs beyond the supported amount, such as examination fees and additional screening expenses, are the responsibility of the individual.
• How to Apply
–Application by Visit: Health Promotion Department on the 5th floor of Namgu Public Health Center (Public Health Center in charge of residential address registration).
– Online Application: Document 24 (Document Submission) or e-Health Center
• Required Documents
- Application form, Consent form for personal information, Resident registration certificate
• For more information: 062-607-4332
Gwangju Together Day on Gwangju Citizens’ Day with Nationality Awards
On May 25, along with the Gwangju Citizens’ Day event, Together Day and a nationality certificate awarding ceremony will be held. Both events will take place at Gwangju City Hall. The Citizens’ Day event will feature a commemorative ceremony followed by a variety of performances. Additionally, there will be spaces available for picnics, food courts, and flea markets.
At the City Hall premises, visitors can enjoy various activities, such as Water World for water play, diverse performances including a food court at the City Hall outdoor music hall, flea markets taking place in the City Hall first-floor lobby, and a variety of performances to be held at the City Hall outdoor music hall.
Starting with picnics, food courts, and flea markets at 10 a.m, various events will follow, and Sing Together Gwangju, a singing competition, is scheduled to be the final event to take place.
On this day, the 2024 Together Day will be concurrently observed. The event is to include a commemoration ceremony and a nationality certificate awarding ceremony at the City Hall Conference Room.
For more information: www.gwangju.go.kr
Summaries and translations by Lee Hwadahm.
The 5.18 Gwangju Uprising Spearheading the Democratization of Korea
— After 44 years, the “memory struggle” still continues —
By Park Yeonju
“Young students must survive. You guys have to tell others exactly what you witnessed today. Be witnesses to history of how we fought and died.” These are the words that Yoon Sang-won, a spokesman for the “Citizens’ Army,” delivered to the high school students and female students involved in the uprising on the night of the May 26, just hours before the martial law forces re-entered Gwangju for their final assault. The numerous “historical witnesses” who protected Gwangju in May 1980 and the “Gwangju spirit” that was passed down contributed greatly to the democratization of Korea. And they are still spreading “memory struggle”* to uncover the truths about the May 18 Gwangju Uprising.
On May 18, 1980, Gwangju citizens waged a fierce battle against the brutal martial law forces in the name of democracy. They did not stop, even though gunshots rang out – even though there was ruthless violence, bloodshed, and death. These protesting Gwangju citizens placed great value on democracy, which was needed to remove the shackles of authoritarianism and regain power from Chun Doo-hwan. But, despite the fierce struggle mounted by Gwangju citizens, the 10-day uprising in 1980 eventually resulted in the frustration of democratization along with an increase in Chun Doo-hwan’s power.
However, there is a significant implication of the Gwangju Uprising in the Korean democratization
1. Civilian militia covering their faces with handkerchiefs to protect against tear gas.
2. Citizens gathering for a meeting during the Gwangju Uprising.
movement. The immediate failure experienced in 1980 did not remain a failure in history. Korea was able to walk the path to democratization in 1987 because the preceding historic struggle of the Gwangju Uprising (aka the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement) served as its impetus. The Uprising also played a major role in the consolidation of democracy.
“Democratic transition” refers to the process of the collapse of authoritarian political order and the creation of a democratic system that regulates political behavior. However, the road to democracy has been a long and difficult one in Korean history. A person who has tasted power has never let go of it easily. Those who ostensibly represented the people carried out oppression and focused only on maintaining power, increasing complaints from the people.
There was no way to easily break the very strong hold of authoritarianism, and there was not enough organizing power to unite citizens of the different tiers of society. As a result, both the April 19 Revolution in 1960 and the Gwangju Democratization Movement in 1980 faced a wall of frustration.
However, starting with the Gwangju Uprising, the frustration became a conduit for success. The “memory struggle” developed by citizens after the Gwangju Uprising was the key. “Memory,” as we know it, refers to an image, information, and emotions associated with it.
Kim Yong-cheol and Cho Yeongho (2022) proposed that “memory politics” is not just about these abstract concepts but also contributes to the formation of new historical perceptions or identities, leading
to changes in political resistance and attitudes. They also proposed that, based on the tragedy and fear that occurred in the Gwangju Uprising, this can be divided into “original memory struggle,” which keeps state violence in check, and “interpretive memory struggle,” which questions and challenges world views, such as
anti-communism, being anti-North Korea, and being pro-US that were taken for granted in Korean society.
Shouting for democracy during the Gwangju Uprising and the horrendous violence of the martial law forces resulted in great sacrifice. It created great pain, but I think remembering it and continuing the struggle became a solid foundation for the transition to democratization. No one came to protect the citizenry from the tyrannical martial law forces. Gwangju citizens were left to their own devices. The embers of the memories of those ten days of lone struggle against state violence could not be extinguish. Those memories ignited in other people the courage to escape from under the iron grip of authoritarianism and gave the people the power to unite under the ideology of freedom and democracy. In this way, the “original memory struggle” played a huge role in uniting the citizenry and forming a strong foundation for democracy.
City bus windshield damaged during the protests; other buses were set ablaze.
Armed civilian militia in front of the old Jeonnam Provincial Government Office.
“At that time, U.S. Ambassador to South Korea Gleysteen met with Foreign Minister Park Dongjin on May 22, 1980, and said the U.S. supported the new military’s bloody repression operation and would do its best to support the South Korean military’s efforts to prevent the spread of the situation” (Jang, 2002). That’s right, the U.S. actually condoned the May 18 situation. Substantial evidence of allowing military intervention has been confirmed in secret documents; it is clear that the United States was a bystander.
However, the people of Gwangju were not aware of this at the time (1980), and anti-American sentiment spread rapidly after it was revealed that the U.S. had been on the sidelines. As a result, more and more people left the proAmerican order, which had previously been consistently emphasized in Korean society, and questions and criticism arose about the ideology of anti-communism and being anti-North Korea. Therefore, the people realized that maintaining only a pro-American stance under the influence of the U.S. was not the only answer, and shifted their focus to creating a worldview that could replace it. This interpretive memory struggle developed the power to resist the existing order and resulted in the inability of the US and military units to act hastily during the June Struggle for Democracy in 1987.
The U.S. had no choice but to take into account the anti-American sentiment. The fact that the U.S. had gone along with the movement of martial law forces in 1980 was enough to draw the ire of the people, and the U.S. also expected their position in Korea to diminish if the anger persisted. As the potential benefits that they could derive from Korea could also be diminished, they adopted an attitude diametrically opposite to that in May 1980.
The emergency measure of June 19, 1987, was for Chun Doo-hwan to again dispatch the military. In response, the U.S. firmly opposed this, warning that military intervention into civic
affairs would lead to a recurrence of the Gwangju Uprising. In addition, many within the military also expressed their opposition to the military dispatch order directed by Chun. The reason was that the military’s status had already been degraded during the Gwangju Uprising, and using suppressive force in a larger democratic movement than that of May 18 was an onerous choice as well as one that would undoubtedly lead to another decline in the status of the military in the eyes of the people.
From Chun’s point of view, he could not rule out the risk of a coup if he ignored the strong opposition of the military. As a result, he announced the June 29 Declaration, placing Roh Tae-woo at the forefront, and Korea finally succeeded in a semblance of the implementation of democratization. Korean democratization was eventually achieved due to the struggles and sacrifices of the Gwangju Uprising of 1980.
The martial law forces of 1980 did not value life, and they inflicted ruthless violence on Gwangju citizens. And Chun Doo-hwan, reigned over it all. Martial law forces were violently swinging clubs and shooting rifles. Taking the lives of democratic fighters, they considered themselves successful. But the citizens did not succumb to their violence. They remembered the fear, kept it in mind, and developed the power to change the social order that had been instilled in the past. Thanks to the memory struggle that has continued, the people of the nation have increasingly united together – unlike at the time of the Gwangju Uprising –and created a situation where the president and the military have no choice but to care about the wishes of the people.
Although it was a short struggle for 10 days, the continued memory struggle has properly and firmly established the meaning of the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement in history. Chun Doo-hwan’s military circle defined May 18 as a “riot” and demonized the May 18 victims and fighters as “impure elements.” However, the power organized through the memory struggle allowed
the May 18 democratization movement to be remembered as an “uprising.” Even after Chun stepped down from the presidency, no one took responsibility for the Gwangju citizens who were victimized by the brutality of the military amid the prosecutor’s logic that a successful coup could not be punished! However, thanks to the memory struggle spearheaded by Gwangju citizens, Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo were eventually punished in 1995 through the enactment of a special law on the May 18 Democratic Movement during the Kim Young-sam administration. The memory struggle showed that even a successful coup can eventually have its perpetrators face justice.
The memory struggle also affected the production of films and dramas related to the May 18 Gwangju Uprising, allowing many people to remember the historic movement for democratization. For example, May 18, which was released in 2007, is a movie with the motif of Yoon Sang-won, a leader of the May 18 Democratization Movement. This movie allowed him, who made his final stand at the Jeollanamdo Provincial Office, to be remembered in the hearts of many. And the movie 26 Years, released in 2012, is a story about the second generation victims of May 18. The movie Taxi Driver, which focused on Kim Sabok, a taxi driver who drove to Gwangju Jurgen Hintzpenter, the German foreign correspondent who revealed the horrors of the Gwangju Uprising to the world. The film attracted 10 million viewers and shared the truth of Gwangju’s May. Thanks to those who have kept alive the memory of May 18, we can let many people know the truth of that memory through a wide variety of channels.
Still, the memory struggle is not over. At the time of the uprising, the Jeonil Building was hit with 245 bullets from helicopter gunfire. It has now been preserved as a building informing the people of its May 18 history. The May 18 Democratization Movement Archives have vivid photos and videos from the time of the uprising. Currently, a restoration project is underway
for the former Jeollanam-do Provincial Office building to revive the spirit of May 18. In addition, many people are still trying to find out exactly who first ordered the use of gunfire on that fateful day. We will continue to remember. We will continue our memory struggle to discover the truths of the May 18 Gwangju Uprising that have yet to be revealed in order to make May a warmer month in Gwangju. May 18, 1980 – I shall never forget all those who sacrificed themselves for the protection of Gwangju for succeeding generations, for the seeding of democracy in the Republic of Korea.
* The expression “memory struggle” is from Kim and Cho (2022).
References
Kim, Y., & Cho, Y. (2022). The 5/18 Memory Struggle and Koreans’ Political Attitudes: Focusing on Citizens’ Attitudes Toward Democracy, Anti-Communism, North Korea, and the U.S.A. The May 18 Institute of Democracy and Human Rights. Jang, D. (2002, May 23). U.S. May 18 Genocide accomplice – May 18 Civil Court Is Opened. Unification News.
Photographs: Korea Open Government License (E-History). https://www.ehistory.go.kr/view/photomediasrcgbn=PT &mediagbn=PG&mediaid=498&mediadtl=3439
The Author
Park Yeonju is an undergraduate at Chonnam National University, majoring in political science and diplomacy as well as Chinese language and literature. She was born and raised in Gwangju and wants to promote the colorfulness of the city that she has been a part of for so long. She also wants to deliver various voices of the world. It is her dream to become a true journalist by inheriting the spirit of May 18.
Navigating from History to Today
The Role of the May 18 Research Institute in Revisiting History
Interviewd by Dhivyaa S. P.
May stands as an emotional time to remember and honour the spirit of the May 18 Democratization Movement.
In a heartfelt commitment to these principles, Chonnam National University (CNU) became home to the May 18 Research Institute on December 10, 1996. This establishment is not just a beacon of remembrance; it’s a hub for deep diving into the research related to democracy, human rights, and peace both within Korea and beyond its borders.
To gain insight into the institute’s key role, we spoke with Prof. Kim Hyungju from the May 18 Research Institute at CNU. Our conversation shed light on the institute’s research objectives regarding the Gwangju Uprising.
Gwangju News (GN): Thank you for sharing
your time with us. What has driven your research interest at the May 18 Research Institute?
Prof. Kim Hyungju: My journey into research, particularly focusing on the sociology of social movements, state violence, and the dynamics of social control, was sparked by curiosity about the mechanisms that govern societal reactions to authoritarian impositions and the collective human response in pursuit of democracy. The foundation of this interest was laid early in my academic career, further deepened by my engagement with the May 18 Uprising.
GN: When did research into the May 18 Democratization Movement begin, and how has it evolved?
Prof. Kim Hyungju: The path of research and commemoration surrounding the May 18 Uprising demonstrates a significant evolution
Professor Kim Hyungju in his office, a hub of academic research and study.
in the socio-political landscape of South Korea from 1980 to the 1990s and beyond. Initially, the restrictive political climate under military dictatorship in the 1980s posed severe challenges to academic freedom and research.
By 1988, a shift began to emerge. The changing political environment, marked by a gradual relaxation of the oppressive military regime’s hold, allowed activists and scholars to start investigating the May 18 Uprising more openly. This period saw an increasing interest in understanding the events of May 1980, reflecting a broader societal push towards democracy and accountability.
The election of President Kim Young-sam in 1993, who was known for his resistance to military rule and advocacy for democratic policies, heralded a new era of openness and reform. This period was crucial for the formal recognition and study of the May 18 Uprising, culminating in the establishment of the May 18 Research Institute in December 1996. The institute was founded not just as a research entity but as a memorial and educational center, aiming to ensure that the lessons and memories of the uprising were preserved and studied in depth.
Since its establishment, the institute has greatly expanded its research scope. It’s gone beyond merely focusing on the uprising itself to exploring broader themes such as state violence, martial law, and the psychological toll on everyone involved, from civilians to military personnel. This broader approach has helped deepen our understanding of the uprising’s complexities and its enduring influence on not just South Korean society but on global discussions around democracy and human rights.
GN: What type of materials are you using for the research?
Prof. Kim Hyungju: The journey to document the May 18 Uprising through oral histories and interviews began with comprehensive interviews spanning activists, public servants, and ordinary citizens impacted by the events. This approach
Information panel in front of Yongbong Hall, a national registered cultural heritage.
aimed to encapsulate the uprising’s diverse perspectives, reflecting its complex nature.
From these interviews, 500 testimonies were methodically chosen for the book, Gwangju May People’s Uprising Historical Records Collection, striving for a balanced representation of viewpoints and experiences. This publication significantly enriched our understanding of the uprising, challenging official accounts and presenting a nuanced, human-centric narrative. Additionally, efforts were made to include archival documents in our research, navigating the obstacles of past censorship to gather government and non-government archives. These documents, ranging from official records to personal correspondences, provide essential context and evidence for our studies. Our research also extends to visual and audio materials, such as photographs, videos, and recordings, which are invaluable for visualizing the events and grasping the era’s atmosphere.
GN: What are the difficulties that you have come across during your research?
Prof. Kim Hyungju: During the research, we’ve faced a multitude of challenges. One of the primary issues has been dealing with the legacy of censorship. Many documents relevant to the uprising have been destroyed, concealed, or heavily edited, obstructing efforts to construct an impartial historical narrative.
Another critical hurdle has been the reluctance of witnesses and participants to come forward for oral interviews, especially those from the military. The deep trauma and fear of potential consequences have led many to remain silent. This is especially true of higher-ranking officials and those more directly involved, who frequently refuse outright to engage with our research efforts.
GN: How does the emotional impact of researching traumatic events affect your team?
Prof. Kim Hyungju: On a personal note, the emotional toll this research takes on our team cannot be overstated. Delving into such deeply traumatic stories of violence, loss, and resistance day after day is draining. It requires a significant amount of emotional resilience, and burnout has been a real issue for us.
Furthermore, as we’ve begun to explore the trauma experienced by all parties involved, we’ve ventured into a highly complex and sensitive area of research. Gathering, analyzing, and interpreting these experiences demands a careful, respectful approach, which adds another layer of difficulty to our work.
GN: What is the future research direction of the May 18 Institute?
Prof. Kim Hyungju: In our research, we’re increasingly looking at how the May 18 Uprising parallels other crucial historical events, such as the Holocaust. We aim to uncover shared patterns of oppression and resistance, as well as the universal themes of seeking justice and dignity. Our goal is to deepen the global comprehension of human resilience and the potential for societal change.
GN: How does the institute engage future generations in learning about the uprising?
Prof. Kim Hyungju: Recognizing the importance of educating future generations, the institute plans to continue and expand its educational initiatives. This includes conducting classes and lectures for high school students and the public, particularly during significant anniversaries of the uprising. These efforts are aimed at keeping the memory of the uprising alive, ensuring that its lessons continue to inform and inspire actions towards a more democratic and humane society.
GN: Can you tell us about the major events planned by the institute in the near future?
Prof. Kim Hyungju: One of the events we are eagerly anticipating is the inaugural 5.18 Researchers Conference, set to take place on May 23–24. This year marks the 44th anniversary of the May 18 Democratic Uprising. The topic of this year’s conference is “The Era of Great Regression: The Inside and Outside of May 18 – Imagination and Prospects of the Future Community.” Additionally, we are thrilled to announce an exclusive art exhibition featuring the works of the esteemed traditional Korean painter, Kim Ho-seok. The exhibition, titled “The Ink of Mudeung,” will commence on May 20 and run for a month.
Chonnam National University
May 18 Research Institute
Open: Monday–Friday (9:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m.)
Address: 3rd floor, Yongbong Hall (old headquarters), Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju
Phone: 062-530-3916
Email: cnu518@hanmail.net
Website: http://cnu518.jnu.ac.kr
The Interviewer
Dhivyaa S. P. is from India and resides in Gwangju, where she explores Korean culture and history. Living there for over a year, her interests include hiking, volunteering, and relishing green tea lattes. Her writings aim to intertwine her adventures with insights into Korean heritage.
Top of the Drop
By Daniel J. Springer
This is our monthly installment of soon-to-drop and recently dropped releases from the music world. The best of the best that may not yet be on your radar, sly favorites and audio gems selected by “Danno,” longtime host of GFN’s The Drop with Danno. — Ed.
English Teacher – “The World’s Biggest Paving Slab”
While this single specifically was released late last year, the album it was the lead joint to is finally out, as the group hailing from Leeds has dropped their much-anticipated debut album. This Could Be Texas is undoubtedly our album of the month. A truly original, fiery effort from start to finish that reminds one of so many bands in pieces, yet is unlike any of what you might be thinking overall. This cannot be recommended highly enough!
Thee Sinseers – “Like I Can Give”
Joey Quinones and company, aka Thee Sinseers, have long been an outfit that called Big Crown Records home. However, they have switched to Ohio’s Colemine/Karma Chief, and have now put out their debut album Sinseerly Yours. The album itself is some excellent vintage soul vibes, but where the gang “sinseerly” shines is in their doowop-tinged slow burners, which have an underlying heat that is remarkable to say the very least.
Maggie Rogers – “The Kill”
This would be the highlight single upon the release of Rogers’s third studio album Don’t Forget Me, which dropped on April 12. The Maryland native discovered by Pharrell Williams while at NYU and rocketed to stardom with no small bit of help from then-President Barack Obama’s seasonal playlists is sure not to be
forgotten anytime soon, with this well-reviewed album only adding to a very strong discography and following.
Baby Rose (feat. BadBadNotGood & Mereba) – “Caroline”
This is the centerpiece to a new EP released in collab between Baby Rose and Toronto-based deep souljazz outfit BadBadNotGood, the latter of whom produced the mini record, titled Slow Burn. This would be the centerpiece of the EP, which overall is an amazing 23-minute ride through Americana, psyche rock, blues, and other sounds you wouldn’t necessarily expect from pretty much anyone involved here.
Karate
Boogaloo – “Eyes on the Prize”
“The Boogers,” as they are affectionately known by their fans, are the second Melbournebased cinematic instrumental soul outfit to sign with a major label in the past couple of years. Following in the wake of Surprise Chef’s signing with Big Crown, Karate Boogaloo have signed with Colemine Records. The above would be their latest single from their label debut record Hold Your Horses, which is out May 3. “Cairn Ya Boogers!”
MAY INCOMING
Charlotte Day Wilson – Cyan Blue (May 3)
Karate Boogaloo – Hold Your Horses (May 3)
Ibibio Sound Machine – Pull the Rope (May 3)
Dehd – Poetry (May 10)
Jordan Rakei – The Loop (May 10)
Cage the Elephant – Neon Pill (May 17)
Of Montreal – Lady on the Cusp (May 17)
DIIV – Frog in Boiling Water (May 24)
Lenny Kravitz – Blue Electric Light (May 24)
Bat for Lashes – Dream of Delphi (May 31)
Ben Platt – Honeymind (May 31)
The Author
Daniel J. Springer was the creator, host, writer, editor, and producer of “The Drop with Danno,” formerly broadcasting seven nights a week on GFN, now an independently released weekly affair. Instagram, Twitter, Facebook: @thedropwithdanno
An Ongoing Divide
Overview of the 2024 South Korean Elections
By Yousra Feriel Drioua & Park Yeonju
“Idon’t do politics.” Many go about throwing this statement around as if it were a positive attribute. Little do they know, politics interferes and is often in control of almost every aspect of their lives. From the bus fare they’re charged on their way to work or school, and the prices of milk and eggs at the grocery store, to their house mortgages and tuitions. Some academic scholars in related fields argue that citizens are powerless against their rulers. Yet, in democratic nations, those same citizens hold the ultimate power of deciding and choosing their rulers. Park Yeonju provides the following election analysis.
On April 10, South Korea was split from East
to West as it held its general election amidst a significant debate between “administration” and “party” judgment. In simple t erms, this meant that the voters would assess the performance of the current government and individual political parties.
The Democratic Party, a long-standing political party in Korea, aimed to secure a majority of 151 seats in the National Assembly, whereas its rival, the PPP or the Power of the People Party, sought 101 seats – enough to block constitutional amendments. Additionally, the electoral landscape was made even more complex due to the emergence of new parties formed by defectors from the major political parties. However, in a surprising turn of events, the Democratic Party won 161 seats, surpassing the majority threshold. Meanwhile, the PPP, which is the ruling party, secured only 90 seats. Another notable outcome was the rise of the Motherland Innovation Party, led by Cho Kuk, which secured 12 seats, quickly establishing itself as the third-largest party in the National Assembly. So, without further ado, here’s an overview of the election results and their possible implications.
In Gwangju, the Democratic Party’s stronghold remained unbroken in the aftermath of the 21st general election. Despite the Power of the People Party nominating candidates in all eight districts, their vote share only ranged from 6 to 10 percent, which stained Gwangju blue. One notable constituency, Gwangsan-eul, gained attention due to the candidacy of Lee Nak-yeon, a political heavyweight with five terms in the National Assembly, including as prime minister. However, Min Hyung-bae of the Democratic Party emerged victorious in this district, securing 76.09 percent of the votes.
A map of the election results where blue indicates the Democratic Party and red the Power of the People Party.
Other highlights were in Haenam, Wando, and Jindo in the Jeollanam-do, where Park Jiwon, born in 1942, made history as the oldest assemblyman-elect. Known as the “ninth tier of politics,” Park Ji-won won with a remarkable 92.35 percent vote tally, securing his fifth term in the National Assembly.
“Will he show the power of Lee Jung-hyun from the past?” This question arose as Lee Jung-hyun contested in Gwangyang, Suncheon, Gokseong, and Gurye-eul in Jeollanam-do. Having previously served as a conservative party member and elected twice, in 2014 and 2016, he had had a significant impact in Honam politics. Despite initial doubts about the viability of conservative candidates in Honam, Lee Junghyun secured 23.66 percent of the vote in the general election, finishing second behind Kwon Hyang-yeop, who garnered 70.09 percent of the vote as the Democratic Party’s candidate. However, this conservative camp’s showing didn’t hinder the Democratic Party from claiming all 28 seats allocated to the Honam constituency. Meanwhile, the direction of public sentiment in Chungcheong-do and Daejeon, which were considered pivotal regions in the election, became a focal point of discussion. In Daejeon, the Democratic Party dominated, with its flags fluttering in all seven districts. Sejong also leaned towards the liberal camp, securing one seat each for the Democratic Party of Korea and the new Future Party led by Lee Nak-yeon.
Moving to South Chungcheong Province, the Democratic Party claimed eight out of 11 seats, while the Power of the People Party secured the remaining three seats. Similarly, in North Chungcheong, the Democratic Party won five seats while the Power of the People Party won three, resulting in a five-to-three outcome reminiscent of the 21st general election. This led to a landslide victory for the Democratic Party, securing 21 out of the 28 seats in the Chungcheong area.
Seoul, often seen as the barometer of public sentiment, saw the Democratic Party secure 37 out of its 48 seats, with the Power of the People Party taking the remaining 11 seats.
This suggests a significant shift in public sentiment compared to the previous presidential election. In the last presidential election, Seoul played a significant role in electing Yoon Sukyeol. However, two years later, public sentiment clearly shifted. The Power of the People Party garnered 46.3 percent of the vote, while the Democratic Party received 52.24 percent, leading by approximately six percent.
Lastly, in Gyeonggi Province, where the highest number of seats was contested, the Democratic Party won 53 out of 60 seats, while the Power of the People Party secured six seats, and the New Reform Party’s Lee Joon-seok won one seat. In Incheon, the Democratic Party of Korea garnered 12 seats, leaving only two seats undecided. Most seats in Busan, Ulsan, South Gyeongsang Province, and Gangwon Province were won by conservative party candidates, symbolized by the color red. Lee Joon-seok, formerly from the Power of the People Party, defected and established the New Reform Party.
Prominent lawmakers like Chu Mi-ae, Ahn Cheol Soo, and Na Kyung-won were also reelected. Chu Mi-ae of the Democratic Party is estimated to challenge the 22nd female chairman position of the National Assembly. This move sets the stage for a potentially intense showdown reminiscent of past battles between Chu Mi-ae and Yoon Suk Yeol.
The Authors
Yousra Feriel Drioua is a 24-year-old Algerian GKS scholar currently residing in South Korea and majoring in media communication and journalism. She enjoys intriguing conversations, meeting new people, and being an active community member. Instagram:@myyigli
Park Yeonju is an undergraduate at Chonnam National University, majoring in political science and diplomacy as well as Chinese language and literature. She was born and raised in Gwangju and wants to promote the colorfulness of the city that she’s lived in for so long. It is her dream to become a true journalist by inheriting the spirit of May 18.
“Do Not Move. Just Stay Where You Are.”
Revisiting the Sewol Ferry Ten Years On
By Isaiah Winters
No decade ever emerges unscathed from the wreckage of human error. The Sewol Ferry’s tragic sinking, President Park’s ignominious ouster, and Itaewon’s horrid crowd crush are three marrow-deep gouges in the national timeline from just the last ten years. They’re the sort of events you can link your exact whereabouts to when you first heard of them. As a reverent reminder of its tenth anniversary, this month’s “Lost” column will briefly return to the Sewol Ferry disaster of April 16, 2014, with a visit to the ship’s remains in 2024.
Dry-docked on reclaimed land at Mokpo Newport (목포신항만), the rusted hull of the Sewol Ferry towers over its tiny trickle of daily visitors. Few seem to know it’s even there despite
it being clearly visible from both Mokpo Bridge and the soaring tourism infrastructure on nearby Goha-do. Nevertheless, the memorial site is wide open to visitors year-round from 1–5 p.m., costs nothing to enter, and only requires some official form of ID, which you’ll temporarily exchange for a lanyard. So long as you have a car, it’s easily accessible from the main thoroughfare connecting Mokpo to Jindo, so visiting is worthwhile if you’re in the area.
On my most recent visit in early April, a massive container ship to the right of the memorial site was disgorging hundreds of brand-new vehicles in breakneck processions of five-car rallies screeching out of the ship as fast as possible. In their haste, one of the drivers almost lost control
The missus ties a ribbon to the gate nearest the Sewol Ferry.
around a curve when trying to keep up with the others. Even in the Sewol Ferry’s shadow, it seems corners are still there to be cut.
Observe the ferry long enough and you’ll notice it just isn’t shaped right. It’s too tall and top heavy for its base, a testament to the incautious modifications that heightened its center of gravity and compromised its stability. Zoom in further with a long-lens camera and the ferry’s uppermost decks resemble a jumble of shipping containers welded together all helter-skelter. One can only wonder how these additions made just a year prior to the accident passed inspection. Today a new wall of green paneling covers the upper portside of the ferry for reasons unknown to me; I can’t help but liken the paneling’s shape to the Soviets’ “sarcophagus” structure welded over Chernobyl’s ill-fated Reactor 4.
Not unlike a steel sarcophagus, the Sewol Ferry would rapidly entomb 304 of its passengers, 250 of whom were high school kids, and five of whom were never found. But even more confining than the ferry’s formidable steel hull was a simple announcement to passengers over the intercom:
4. A full view of the Sewol Ferry in
“Do not move. Just stay where you are. It is dangerous if you move, so just stay where you are.” This message was repeated again and again, even as the crew selfishly made for the exits. They were among the first to be rescued, including Captain Lee Joon-seok, who stepped off the ferry barefoot and in his underwear, exposing himself to the world as an incompetent coward. He’s since been fitted with a lifetime supply of khaki prison uniforms, which I think is a much better look for him.
Captain Lee, “Do not move. Just stay where you are.”
The Author
Born and raised in Chino, California, Isaiah Winters is a pixel-stained wretch who loves writing about Gwangju and Honam, warts and all. He’s grateful to have written for the Gwangju News for over six years. More of his unique finds can be seen on Instagram @d.p.r.kwangju and YouTube at Lost in Honam
1. Some of the upper-deck additions to the Sewol Ferry. 2. The five Sewol passengers who were never found. 3. “Why didn’t you save us?”
2024.
IPainting Stories of the World We Live In Artist Cho Jeong-tae
By Kang “Jennis” Hyunsuk
n 2020, an exhibition commemorating the 40th anniversary of the May 18 Gwangju Uprising was held at the Gwangju City Museum of Art. The exhibition was named after a piece done by an artist. The artwork, titled “People Who Have Become the Stars,” measuring a whopping 1,172 centimeters in length, depicts numerous stars above a vast sea and majestic mountain range. The artist who painted this piece, Cho Jeong-tae, has been a cultural activist engaged in art movements for over 30 years, from the time of his enrollment in the Department of Fine Arts at Chosun University in the mid-1980s. In this issue of People in the Arts, we meet Cho Jeong-tae, an artist who tells stories through his paintings about the world we live in, the people who have lived here, those who are living, and those who will come in the next generation. For this interview, I visited the artist’s studio on Art Street in downtown Gwangju.
Jennis: Thank you for taking the time for an interview with the Gwangju News. As May approaches, I thought of interviewing an artist who embodies the spirit of May [May 18, 1980].
I thought of you, who has been engaged in minjung art for many years. I’m curious about what May means to you, as someone who has been involved in minjung art for such a long time. Cho Jeong-tae: Actually, I don’t particularly like
the label of “minjung artist.” Defining an artist as one who only paints a certain type of paintings narrows their artistic spectrum. Nevertheless, I enjoy incorporating the stories of the people who have lived in this land into my paintings. Some say that Gwangju should move on from May. In this era where the desire to find the historical value of the May Uprising is fading, I believe that the stories of May should be passed down like legends for the sake of future generations.
Jennis: I’m curious about how you first encountered painting and how your paintings have evolved over time.
Cho Jeong-tae: Thanks to my father, who was a teacher at a school on Wando Island, at the southern end of Jeonnam Province, I spent my childhood looking at the sea. It’s like a natural occurrence for the sea to frequently appear as the subject of my paintings.
I’ve loved drawing since I was young, so naturally, I entered the Department of Fine Arts at Chosun University. In the 1980s, the campus area was constantly filled with protests exposing the reality of the military dictatorship. When I entered university in 1986, I naturally became involved in social art activities.
Jennis: Your recent paintings seem to have become more subdued. You gently float a boat on
a calm sea, contrasting it with your earlier works – intense red seas with raging waves. Was there a catalyst for this change?
Cho Jeong-tae: I suddenly thought, “Instead of looking outside for inspiration, I should look at myself.”
Jennis: You participated in a residency program for young artists sponsored by the Gwangju City Museum of Art, which took you to China. I’m curious about your artistic activities there.
Cho Jeong-tae: The studio I spent a year at in Beijing was an ideal space with a very high ceiling, allowing me to create large artworks. It was a time when I could freely create the large works I wanted to do. One day, when I was reading the newspaper, I saw a photo of many people swimming in the summer sea. There were so many people with tubes that the water was hardly visible. I was inspired to depict the instinctual desires of people in modern society through my paintings.
Jennis: I noticed that you painted the artist, Lim Nam-jin, whom we previously interviewed for the Gwangju News. The portrayal of Lim Namjin’s curly hair style, the shadow reflected in her glasses, and the way she seems to be enjoying something delicious in the painting are quite
amusing. Do you often do portrait work?
Cho Jeong-tae: Yes, I sometimes paint portraits of people. I receive requests from acquaintances, and I often paint portraits of fellow artists. Since Lim Nam-jin has been involved in minjung art for a long time, I think it was easier to express her characteristics through painting.
I end this piece with the following words of the artist: Living through art means a world with no right answers and a journey to find oneself going around in circles. When I vowed to live by painting, I didn't expect my life to be filled with such contemplation. I paint everyday like writing a diary. I don't even know if what I'm doing is art. — Cho Jeong-tae
Photographs courtesy of Cho Jeong-tae.
The Authors
Kang Jennis Hyunsuk is an explorer of art galleries and museums on weekends. She has been doing oil painting for almost a decade, and she has learned that there are a lot of fabulous artists in this City of Art. On weekdays, she loves to play with kids at her English school in the Suwan area of Gwangju. Instagram: @jenniskang
Still. The Path on the Water (2020). Oil on canvas, 72.5×50 cm.
Portrait of an Artist, Lim Nam-jin (2019). Oil on canvas, 91×72.5 cm.
Ramadan Reflections
Observing the Holy Month in Gwangju
By Kidest Tefera Wondimu & Yousra Feriel Drioua
The Qur’an.
Being the little international hub that it is, Gwangju has a relatively big Muslim community ranging from international students to working expats. Last month, Muslims in the City of Light, as well as millions across the world, celebrated the Holy month of Ramadan. Common knowledge states that Ramadan is one of the holiest months in Islam and that Muslims fast from dawn to sunset. But what most fail to know is that Ramadan is so much more than simply abstaining from sustenance. It is considered one of the holiest months because it was during this time that the Holy Quran was revealed to the Prophet Mohammed, peace be upon him. Muslims therefore, aim to cleanse their souls throughout Ramadan by dedicating themselves to prayer, helping others, and studying the Quran. It is a time for spiritual growth and reflection, increased
clarity, and deep contemplation of faith. Muslims need not only watch their tongues and gaze but, most importantly, their hearts.
Here in Gwangju, a thriving Muslim community shines. Witnessing the dedication, passion, and devotion of Muslim friends during this month has deeply moved us. Their experiences have inspired us to share a glimpse of how a day in Ramadan is usually spent. As international students, celebrating Ramadan abroad presents unique challenges. Back home, they had reminders like the calls to prayer, or adhan, filling the air, bustling bazaars, and Halal restaurants rejuvenating the spirit during iftar, the breaking of the fast. However, in Korea, the adhan was absent, opting for a search for time schedules on the internet and relying on their close-knit community.
These small details highlighted the stark contrast between the familiar comfort they once knew and the foreignness of their new surroundings. Here, isolation can be overwhelming at times. While balancing studies with other commitments was manageable, preparing for and breaking the fast alone in their dorm rooms took a toll. As such, Ramadan abroad became a journey of self-reliance and a chance for a deeper appreciation for their strong sense of community back home and the one they’ve created here.
Their days usually go as follows. They have suhoor at around four-thirty to five o’clock in the morning before doing the fajr prayer. Suhoor is equivalent to a breakfast meal Muslims have before beginning their fast. Although the times tend to alter according to the sun’s positioning, they kick off their morning routine before the crack of dawn.
Utilizing several Islamic apps, they keep track of prayer times, ensuring that they start their day right. Their Suhoor meals are simple yet filling and always accompanied by the ever-present dates; a significant item in Islamic tradition due to their mention in the Quran and the teachings of the Prophet; peace be upon him.
Around eight-thirty in the morning, they go about their day, blending study sessions with spiritual reflection through reading the Quran. Balancing academic commitments and religious duties presents challenges, but they set goals for themselves, aiming to surpass their previous Ramadan achievements. The time for the second prayer, or zuhr, is after twelve-thirty, and despite their busy days, they make sure to find the time to perform the prayer. They ensure that they carry their portable praying mats and find places to pray anywhere they can make do. For instance, they quickly run back to their dorms or houses, prayer rooms, if available at all, empty classrooms, or vacant stairwells.
Heads up for Muslim readers from Chonnam National University! A little birdie told us that the seventh floor of Jinri-gwan (진리관) is notoriously empty and convenient for prayers. The third prayer, or asr, is performed around four in the afternoon, and the maghrib, or fourth prayer, marks the breaking of their fast at around six-thirty. With their daily obligations met, they prepare for iftar. Surprisingly, breaking their fast is much less of a challenge than one would expect from someone who has fasted all day. Iftar also looks different to each person; whereas some have Iftar gatherings with their Muslim community friends, those who live at home do so with their families, and some in their dorm rooms. Their day is wrapped up by performing the isha prayer at around eight in the evening. Afterward, they reflect on the day’s blessings and eagerly anticipate the rest of the sacred month. Besides the mandatory five daily prayers, a core practice in Ramadan is to gather for an optional night prayer called taraweeh. This prayer is considered the essence of Ramadan. It is a most enjoyable religious practice, as it is customary to tag along with friends and family to
pray at a mosque together, which in turn instills a profound feeling of community and unity.
Last but not least, it is mandatory for those who are financially independent and capable, to give zakat; which is a form of alms-giving at the end of Ramadan. The month officially concludes with the celebration of Eid. This year’s Eid celebration fell on April 10, which was a beautiful, warm spring day. Eid celebrates efforts of spiritual reflection, religious practice, and fasting during the holy month. Muslims get to wear lovely festive outfits, draw beautiful henna on their hands, and enjoy various desserts. Most importantly, they get to celebrate together, making sure that no one feels left behind. They do so by celebrating with strangers, sharing with the less fortunate, and spreading love and warmth on the occasion.
No matter where they are, Muslims find solace in celebrating Ramadan and Eid. Being together and forming communities, in big or small numbers, becomes a source of strength. It is truly a time for spiritual healing and reflection. Greed, anger, and envy are some of the hardest emotions to control and heaviest to carry, yet the easiest ones to cause damage. Whereas contentment, gratitude, and tranquility are the hardest to attain yet can tame storms. Ramadan serves as a reminder to reflect on such Islamic teachings.
The Authors
Kidest Tefera Wondimu, an MBA student at Chonnam National University, has resided in Gwangju for a year and a half. Hailing from Ethiopia, she delves into literature, cultural exploration, and sociology, passionately immersing herself in Korean culture’s societal intricacies. Instagram: @qidest_
Yousra Feriel Drioua is a 24-year-old Algerian GKS scholar currently residing in South Korea and majoring in media communication and journalism. As she figures out her calling in life, she is mostly interested in writing, coffee, and media. She enjoys intriguing conversations, meeting new people, and being an active community member. Instagram: @myyigli
Gwangju: A Hidden Treasure with Cultural Delights
By Daniel Sanchez R.
guidebook.
Due to its advantageous location as a point of entry into South Korea’s southwest; its proximity to historical landmarks, such as the May 18th National Cemetery; its scenic areas, like Mudeungsan National Park; and its rich historical importance in Korea, Gwangju has the potential to become a popular tourist destination for both leisure and educational travelers. However, our city appears to be a hidden gem; despite its obvious
appeal, our city rates as one of the least-visited cities by Korean nationals and overseas visitors and residents with just 0.7%* of total travelers within the country, according to the statistics of the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism.
Throughout 2023, Gwangju City hosted a series of fascinating festivals with the goal of changing the narrative. These events, hosted in well-known cultural sites such as the Gwangju Biennale, the Kim Daejung Convention Center, and the National Asia Culture Center (ACC), exemplified the city’s energetic energy. The Chungjang Festival, Gwangju World Kimchi Festival, and Gwangju Media Art Festival are just a few examples of Gwangju’s rich cultural life. So, what is being done now to continue promoting Gwangju?
There are several offices around the city dedicated to promoting cultural or touristic activities. One of them, Gwangju City through the Gwangju Tourism portal provides a wide variety of information on special landmarks, foods, tours, and touristic courses in the city or in South Jeolla Province. Using a local expression “Omae Gwangju” and the mascot Omaena (made with the motif of the Chinese character 光), Gwangju City is being promoted as a brilliant city. Within this portal, information about Gwangju’s culture, healing places, unforgettable tastes, festivals, and experiences are described and promoted. What is interesting about the Gwangju Tourism portal is the possibility of planning one’s activities (amount and time of each) in advance, for example the availability of touristic courses in the city can be reviewed from a half-day course
Omae Gwangju, GjTO travel
to 3-day/2-night courses. The city tours can be checked out – from historical to cultural, to K-pop, to relaxation, or to tailor-made tours. Finally, it is possible to find information on attractions around the city, for example, the 5.18 Archives, the Media Art Platform, the Gwangju National Museum, Jeungsim Temple, or Wolbong Seowon (Confucian School).
Another agency, the Gwangju Tourism Organization (GjTO) located on the third floor of the Kim Daejung Convention Center, is the result of collaboration between the Kim Daejung Convention Center and the Gwangju Tourism Foundation starting last year with the purpose of establishing an adequate tourism platform in the city and fostering local tourism companies. In this case, they offer a monthly digital newsletter compiling all relevant information regarding cultural activities and a comprehensive list of all the organized exhibitions. Also, the GjTO publish tourist guidebooks in diverse languages (Chinese, Japanese, English), where detailed information about places, restaurants, tours or natural scenery can be found. Finally, they run diverse training programs for tourism entrepreneurs in Gwangju, for example from April 15 to 22, GjTO opened recruitment for trainees for the customized support program for tourism business growth as an initiative to boost tourism in Gwangju.
In conclusion, because of its ideal location, abundant cultural history, and breathtaking natural surroundings, Gwangju is poised for a tourism comeback, as its hidden gem status, recent years
have seen an increase in the number of engaging festivals and the opening of tourism offices aimed at showcasing the city’s diverse cultural scene and historical significance. Initiatives like the Gwangju Tourism Portal and the Gwangju Tourism Organization show the city’s unique attractions: from historical landmarks to culinary delights and tailored experiences for every traveler. With these concerted efforts and ongoing initiatives to bolster tourism infrastructure and support local businesses, Gwangju can become an important travel destination within Korea.
Gwangju City, Gwangju Tourism
Open: Mon-Fri 9:00 am to 6:00 pm
Address: 111 Naebang-ro (Chipyeong-dong), Seo-gu
Website: tour.gwangju.go.kr
Gwangju Tourism Organization
Open: Mon-Fri 9:00 am to 6:00 pm
Address: 30 Sangmunuri-ro, Seo-gu, (KDJ Convention Center, 3rd floor)
Phone: 062-611-2000
Website: www.gjto.or.kr
The Author
Daniel Sanchez is a Colombian graduate student in the Department of Library and Information Science (LIS) at Chonnam National University. He has been living in Gwangju since 2022 and in Korea since 2020. He is a GKS awardee, and as a librarian, he has been focusing on the development of digital competences in information users and consumers, and in LIS bachelor students in Colombia.
Jeonju in the Spotlight
The Film Festival Begins
By Julien Laheurte
“Beyond the Frame”
Mark you calendar from Wednesday, May 1 to Friday, May 10 for the celebration of the seventh art, filmmaking, at the 25th edition of the Jeonju International Film Festival (Jeonju IFF). This year, the Jeonju IFF is set to dazzle audiences with a lineup of 232 films hailing from 42 nations, all ready to be projected at five theaters around the city.
Under the banner of “Beyond the Frame,” echoing last year’s slogan, Jeonju IFF aspires to “expand the realm of film as an art form based on new methods of expression and borderless imagination” by spotlighting movies that challenge conventional film formats and screening techniques.
Thus, Jeonju IFF operates as a platform for independent filmmakers, particularly young emerging talents not only from South Korea but also from across the globe. This year, the festival will showcase a mosaic of movies, with contributions from diverse corners of the world, including Hungary, Argentina, French, and Ukraine. Jeonju IFF also places a significant importance on short films, with a competition especially curated for that category.
From the 232 films selected for the festival, I’ve singled out three that have captivated my attention.
1. Junkyard Dogs
Location: CGV Jeonjugosa 7
Date / Time: May 5 / 13:30
Country: France
“Dog” and “Mirales” are two lifelong friends residing in a quaint village located in the south of France. Jobless and bored, they pass their days playing video games, hanging out with friends, and doing small-scale illegal activities to get by. However, their routine is disrupted when Elsa, a young Parisian, arrives in the village for the
summer. Her presence shakes up the tranquility of the bromance shared by the main characters, prompting them to reflect on their future.
2. All the Long Nights
Location: Sori Arts Center
Date / Time: May 1 / 19:30
Country: Japan
My first selection, All the Long Nights, is nothing less than the opening movie of the festival. Shot by the Japanese film director Sho Miyake, All the Long Nights follows the story of Misa, a young woman with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), which severely affects her professional and social life. Forced to leave her job due to her condition, she finds solace in a small optical company, where she meets Takatoshi, a man tormented by panic disorder. Together, they embark on a journey of mutual support, confronting their inner demons and striving for personal growth.
3. Oxygen Station
Location: CGV Jeonjugosa 7
Date / Time : May 4 / 20:30
Country: Ukraine
Set in 1980, USSR, Oxygen Station portrays the true story of Mustafa Jemilev, a Crimean Tatar activist exiled to a Siberian settlement for his protests against Soviet government control in Ukraine. Forced to work at an oxygen station, Jemilev strives to maintain contact with his fellow independence comrades. This historical drama sheds light on Jemilev's dedication to advocating for the political and ethnic minority to which he belongs, despite the challenges and hardships he faces.
The Author
Julien Laheurte is a French literary translator who has been residing in South Korea for the past two years. After the completion of his master’s degree in Seoul, he moved to Gwangju with the intention of delving deeper into the history of the May 1980 democracy movement. His goal is to translate literary works that shed light on this pivotal moment in Korean history.
Chosun University ’s Enchanting Rose Garden
By Anh Nguyen (Anne)
Chosun University’s Rose Garden, nestled in the heart of the university campus, has become a favorite spot among students and visitors. From spring to autumn, the garden showcases a stunning array of roses from around the world, creating a vibrant tapestry of colors. This garden serves as a space where seniors and juniors, the university, and the community come together in love.
Chosun University’s Rose Garden covers a large area of 8,299 square meters. It features a wide variety of roses, with 246 different varieties and a total of 18,216 blooms. The garden is equipped with various facilities to enhance visitors’ experiences, including four pergolas, traditional Korean fences, deck blocks, and lighting installations. These amenities make the garden not only beautiful but also a great place for visitors to relax and enjoy the surroundings.
To provide our readers with a deeper understanding of the university’s beautiful rose garden, we recently had the opportunity to chat with Lee Jung Kuk, a member of the Public Relations Team at Chosun University. That interview follows.
Anne: Thank you for arranging time to do this interview with us. To begin with, can you briefly describe the history of our Chosun University Rose Garden?
Lee Jung Kuk: The Rose Garden was established in May 2001, to the best of my knowledge. After being built over two years, the Rose Garden Festival kicked off its first session in 2003, marking this year as its 20th anniversary. However, due to COVID, we had to skip the festival one year. Additionally, it was canceled in the year the Sewol Ferry sank. Despite these setbacks, we continued with each session, and this year’s festival celebrates the 20th anniversary. The garden was originally initiated by the medical school professors; there used to be a rose garden in front of the medical college. Back then, everyone chipped in, donating funds to create the Rose Garden. Over time, it expanded, and now it serves as a peaceful relaxing space and a place for visitors to enjoy.
Anne: What makes this rose garden unique compared to others in the Jeolla-do region?
Lee Jung Kuk: When our university first established the Rose Garden, around 72,000 citizens of the city raised funds to set it up. That’s
Chosun University Rose Garden.
why we initially planted around 72,000 roses. As we’re marking its 20th anniversary this year, you could say the roses have aged a bit, much like people do. They don’t bloom as brightly, wilt faster, and overall, they’re not as strong as they used to be. That’s why this year, we’ve invested around four to five million won to upgrade our equipment, replant some roses, and install new lighting. It’s all about keeping our garden looking its best as it continues to grow and evolve.
Anne: Which types of roses are the most popular among visitors?
Lee Jung Kuk: We have a wide variety of roses in the garden, and I can’t say for sure which ones are the most popular, since we haven’t conducted a specific survey on that. However, there is a unique rose dedicated to honoring the comfort women, also known as the “grandmothers” who had been taken away by the Japanese during the war for forced labor. Additionally, the garden has long pathways lined with individual plots named after donors who contributed to the university. Each plot is named after a donor who helped create and maintain that specific section of the garden.
Anne: What are the main difficulties in maintaining the Rose Garden?
Lee Jung Kuk: Well, roses are quite like people in a way. Roses are surprisingly similar to people in their needs. They require nutrients, occasional pruning of leaves, and when they get too dry, they need watering. All these tasks come with associated costs, which can be a bit challenging to manage. That’s why we’ve set aside some of the donations we received for the Rose Garden. We use that fund to cover these maintenance expenses.
Anne: Are there any upcoming events planned for the Rose Festival that visitors should look forward to this May?
Lee Jung Kuk: From May 16 to 20, we’ll be hosting our main event for five days. The event concludes on Monday, the 20th. After that, we plan to extend the activities from Tuesday to Thursday. We encourage visitors to drop by and
enjoy the festivities through Thursday. On Friday, we’ll spend some time wrapping things up. The following week, the student council will hold their festival from Monday through Wednesday, so it all connects seamlessly. With the public holiday on May 18 falling in between, we decided to call it “Rose Week” instead of a festival. While it might not be as catchy as “Rose Festival,” it gives people a sense that they can relax and enjoy various photo zones and numerous events. Plus, we’re planning to showcase some of the university’s achievements and promotions during this period.
Anne: Thank you so much for your precious time. It was amazing to learn so much more about the university’s Rose Garden.
Chosun University’s Rose Garden showcases a variety of roses, from elegant hybrid tea roses like Princess de Monaco to vibrant floribunda roses like Jean de France. Landscape roses such as Pink La Sevillana suit large-scale settings, while antique touch roses like Michelangelo blend classic and modern styles. Petite miniature roses and climbing roses like Magic Carousel and Matsuuri add unique charm and vertical interest, respectively.
The Rose Garden at Chosun University is a captivating blend of beauty and history. Its wide variety of roses, each with its own unique allure, enhances the university’s ambiance and provides a peaceful haven for students, faculty, and visitors. Exploring this enchanting space alongside your loved one offers a delightful way to embrace the beginning of summer.
The Author
Anh Nguyen (Anne) has been living in Gwangju for almost five years now, studying journalism and communication at Chosun University. She fell in love with the city’s beautiful views, rich history, diverse culture, and delicious food. Her goal is to share her love for Gwangju and introduce its stunning natural scenery and attractions to everyone.
The Anatomy of a Good Lesson II
By David Shaffer
We know that all parts of the body must function properly for the body to be considered to be in good condition. The same applies to the lessons we teach: All the parts should be executed optimally. In the previous issue of this column, we discussed the early parts of a good lesson. The warm-up activity should be engaging and set a positive participatory mood for learning. Review of previous material helps reinforce the language skills (e.g., pronunciation, vocabulary, structures) and concepts (e.g., tenses, imperatives, conditionals) that learners have already been introduced to. In introducing new material, we can use visual aids, interactive activities, conceptualization techniques, and/or comparison techniques. But a good lesson does not end here.
Interactive Activities
There are numerous reasons why interactive activities are an essential part of a well-developed lesson. They actively involve students in the language learning process, creating engagement. When students are engaged, they participate more actively and their focus is sustained on the activity. Interactive activities promote active learning, that is, students have the opportunity to apply language skills in a meaningful context – they have a message that they want to convey. A real-life environment is created in which students may practice language production, comprehension, and other communication skills. Interactive participation in activities promotes retention of new language, reinforcing the consolidation of new structures and vocabulary. The element of fun and excitement in wellthought-out interactive activities promotes motivation. The more motivated a student is, the more actively they will participate and strive to improve.
What exactly are we talking about when we talk about “interactive activities”? One type is interactive games, such as charades, vocabulary bingo, and word scrambles, that reinforce vocabulary and grammar in an engaging way. Another is information gap activities in which collaboration is required for students to gain information from each other to complete their task. Role-plays simulate real-life situations in which students practice listening and speaking skills in acting out a task, such as ordering food in a restaurant. Pair discussions allow students to express their opinions, share ideas, and engage in meaningful conversation. Similarly, problemsolving tasks challenge students to find a solution to a task, such as planning a birthday party, encouraging creativity and critical thinking.
Incorporate interactive activities that cater to students’ differing learning modalities: visual, auditory, and tactile/kinesthetic. These interactive activities may be incorporated into the lesson’s grammar and vocabulary practice, listening and speaking practice, and reading and writing practice. (More on these below.)
Grammar & Vocabulary Practice
The sight of the words above need not make you shudder. They need not refer to the rote memorization of vocabulary and the memorization of grammar rules as is the common procedure in much of Korea. Grammar and vocabulary practice have an important place, albeit a limited one, in the EFL lesson.
This practice can be in the form of structured pattern exercises, such as fill-in-the-blank sentences, matching activities, or sentence transformation tasks. They could be contextualized activities that provide meaningful
contexts through role-plays or dialogue creation. Or they could be communicative tasks requiring students to use the target grammar and vocabulary in interactive ways, such as through the use of info-gap activities, surveys, or problem-solving tasks. Games and quizzes using interactive technology could also be employed.
An example of a structured practice exercise would be transforming present tense sentences into past perfect ones (She orders cream pasta. >>> She had ordered cream pasta.) A role-play can be used to contextualize content. Students can be assigned different roles (e.g., chef, waiter, teacher, nurse) and then discuss their abilities and limitations using modal verbs (can/cannot, be able to/not be able to, might/might not). As a communicative task, you could create a set of questions that require the use of the lesson’s new vocabulary and grammar to make the responses. Then, divide the class into pairs and have the students take turns asking and answering the questions.
Listening & Speaking Practice
The listening and speaking portion of the lesson is important for honing student’s oral communication skills and comprehending spoken language. While grammar and vocabulary practice focus on accuracy, speaking practice focuses on fluency. Activities in this lesson segment may consist of listening comprehension activities, listening dictation, role-plays and dialogues, information gap activities, pair and group discussions, interactive games and quizzes, and real-world listening tasks.
The internet makes a variety of audio recordings readily available for listening comprehension activities. You can play a dialogue, interview, or podcast related to the lesson topic and provide the students with comprehension questions for which they need to listen for specific details and/or the gist of the recording. As a listening dictation, the teacher can read a paragraph or sentence, and have the students focus on a specific point, such as vocabulary (e.g., adverbs), grammar structures (e.g., prepositional phrases),
or pronunciation (e.g., words with the sound /f/), which they would write down and later discuss. For a real-world listening task, you could take an authentic news clip, a TED Talk, or a song, and have the students listen to it for the main ideas or specific points, and then have them discuss or summarize what they heard.
Reading & Writing Practice
Reading and writing practice is required for students to develop their literacy skills and to strengthen their understanding of the written language. Practice in these two macro skills is just as important as practice in listening and speaking, since the more formal writing becomes, the more it differs from everyday spoken production. Reading and writing practice can take many forms: reading comprehension activities, vocabulary expansion exercises, reading-response writing, text analysis and discussion, writing prompts and creative writing exercises, collaborative writing projects, and peer review and feedback.
Reading comprehension activities are similar to those for listening in many ways. You can provide students with a reading passage on a topic related to the lesson topic and have them read for specific information, main ideas, or details presented. They could be asked to identify specific parts of an essay (e.g., thesis statement, attention grabber, topic sentences, supporting sentences, etc.). Vocabulary expansion exercises may consist of students identifying new words and phrases, and trying to infer their meanings. They may then use a dictionary to ascertain how close their inferences were. To make inferences, students should be instructed in identifying contextual clues.
Reading-response writing requires students to reflect on what they have read and then write down their thoughts, reactions, and/or insights in a response journal. They can summarize, question what they read, make predictions, or even connect the reading to their personal experiences. You can ask students to analyze a text to uncover the author’s purpose, their point
of view, and/or the literary devices they employ to engage them in critical thinking. You can also provide students with a writing prompt or topic related to the reading passage and ask them to write a response, an essay, or a creative story.
Feedback & Correction
Correction and feedback are not the same thing. While correction refers to providing the proper form for one improperly used, feedback is broader in its meaning. It includes explanations of why something is correct and why something else is not. It can also include praise for correctly using new and relatively new language. Oral error correction can take many forms: explicit correction (“No, not ‘he goed.’ Say ‘he went.’”), recasting (“Oh, really? He went to the concert?”), clarification requests (“Could you repeat that?” / “What did you say?”), metalinguistic feedback (“The past tense of ‘go’ is not ‘goed,’ it’s ‘went.’), elicitation (“He... He... did what?”), and even peer correction. Written error correction also can be explicit or implicit.
Error correction can take place during many parts of the lesson, especially during the practice segments of the lesson, whether the class is engaged in individual, pair, or group activities. Obviously, error correction is more closely required for accuracy-based activities than for fluency-based ones. Error correction may also be relegated to the end of the activity. While moderating, the teacher makes note of errors and presents them as a whole-class session after the students have completed their activity.
Winding Up & Winding Down
The closure segment of a lesson is much more than the teacher saying “Okay, see you next time!” In this concluding portion of the lesson, the teacher helps students consolidate their learning and reflect on key concepts. The teacher can provide a brief summary of the main points of the lesson – the key vocabulary, grammar structures, and language skills and strategies, connecting newly learned material to that previously learned. This is an excellent time to check the class on their understanding of the key points of the lesson through questioning. The teacher may
elect to include a closing activity here if student understanding of some element is low.
Remember that a “lesson” is not necessarily a single class period. If your class period is long –say, two to three hours – it would be possible to incorporate all of these lesson segments into one class period. But if your class periods are shorter, it may take several class periods to complete an entire lesson.
We have here dissected the anatomy of a complete lesson, revealing its parts and how each of them contributes to optimal functioning of this dynamic organism.
Gwangju-Jeonnam KOTESOL Upcoming Events
Monthly Chapter Workshop
· Date: May 11, 2024 (Saturday)
· Topic 1: AI for the Language Learning Classroom
· Topic 2: To Be Announced
· Venue: Gwangju National University of Education
Check the chapter’s webpages and Facebook group periodically for updates on chapter events and additional in-person and online KOTESOL activities.
For full event details:
· Website: http://koreatesol.org/gwangju
· Facebook: Gwangju-Jeonnam KOTESOL
The Author
David Shaffer, PhD, has been involved in TEFL, teacher training, writing, and research in Gwangju for many years as a professor at Chosun University. As vice-president of the Gwangju-Jeonnam Chapter of KOTESOL, he invites you to participate in the chapter’s monthly teacher development workshops and in KOTESOL activities in general. Dr. Shaffer is a past president of KOTESOL and is the editor-in-chief of the Gwangju News
The Dinosaurs of South Korea
Millions of Years of History
Dinosaurs. The first thing that comes to mind when I hear this word are images of ginormous, imposing, and dangerouslooking beasts. Dinosaurs have fascinated me since my childhood, when I first came into contact with them through cartoons and movies. The most famous dinosaur movie franchise has to be Jurassic Park, which has always been my favorite. When I was still young, however, it never really occurred to me that these creatures were not only on my TV screen but that they also actually walked on this planet hundreds of millions of years ago.
One thing I did not yet know back then was that I would eventually study at a university that was home to a dinosaur research center. The Korean Dinosaur Research Center at Chonnam National University is one of only two such centers here in Korea, and despite not knowing about it until it was brought up at a meeting I attended, it immediately grabbed my attention.
After some more digging I found that Korea and Jeollanam-do are well known for the many dinosaur fossils that have been discovered here. Most of the fossils unearthed here are from the Cretaceous Period, which spanned the period of 145 to 66 million years ago, and are preserved in sedimentary layers of that period in the southern regions of the Korean Peninsula. These layers, which offer great conditions for finding well-preserved fossils, are plentiful here because southern Korea was lake land during the Cretaceous Period. The environmental circumstances also allowed dinosaurs to thrive in this part of the world, even late into the Cretaceous Period, when they were already on the verge of extinction in other areas around the globe.
by Nahida Islam
Among the fossils found here are many interesting specimens. Not long ago a set of four completely intact dinosaur eggs were discovered among 100 artifacts of herbivorous dinosaurs – a very rare find – on the islands of Sinan County in Jeollanam-do. These eggs in particular have become increasingly interesting to me. The first egg was discovered in 1972, in Gyeongsangnamdo, with many other fossil discoveries (eggs, bones, footprints, and more) following since 1996 in both Gyeongsangnam-do and Jeollanam-do.
In addition to these eggs, fossils of carnivorous dinosaurs were also uncovered near the same area some decades ago. Even a new species, a pterosaur (flying dinosaur), was found in Uhangri, Hanam-gun near Mokpo.
These traces of the dinosaur’s existence connect us to the history of the distant past. They tell us their story and how real their life back then was, and they teach us a lot about the evolution of life and ecology.
References
Cretaceous. (2024, April 16). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cretaceous SinarDaily. (2023, February 25). Rare discovery of dinosaur egg fossil reported in South Korea southwestern region.
The Natural Atlas of Korea. (n.d.). Creatures of the Cretaceous: The dinosaurs of Korea. http://nationalatlas.ngii.go.kr/pages/ page_1417.php
The Author
Nahida Islam is a PhD student at Chonnam National University in Gwangju. A country girl from Bangladesh, she should not be here, but she is.
A Guide for Everyone Navigating Gwangju Job Opportunities
By Vibhanshu Maurya
Finding a job is tedious work, whether you’re a student or an unemployed individual seeking a full-time or part-time position. It might take days, weeks, or even months to find an appropriate place, but having the right tools and resources can make the process much easier and more convenient. Various tools are available for job searching, catering to both foreigners and Korean nationals. Depending on your field of interest, language skills, and visa status, the resources and strategies might vary. Below we have listed a variety of job portals and other job search resource to make your job search a bit smoother.
Online Job Portals
1. Saramin (사람인): A leading job searching portal in Korea, offering substantial job listings, including part-time and full-time positions suitable for both Koreans and foreigners. It
features openings from major corporations, including tech giants like Naver and Samsung, as well as entertainment powerhouses like JYP and YG.
2. Worknet (워크넷): Operated by the Korean government, this service includes various job categories posted throughout the country, including Gwangju.
3. JobKorea (잡코리아): Known for its wide range of job listings, this platform features positions in the top 1,000 companies and reviews from former employees. Its user-friendly interface is highly regarded, making it a valuable resource for foreigners seeking employment.
4. Incruit (인크루트) and Career (커리어): Excellent platforms for job searching, offering a range of services and a user-friendly interface. On Career, you need to register and create a CV to submit to prospective employers.
5. Albamon (알바몬): Provides a wide array of part-time job opportunities. Registration requires completing a form with your personal details and job preferences.
6. WeXpats Jobs: A job search platform that helps you find positions in Gwangju and other areas, offering listings in multiple languages, which is great for foreigners. It allows you to sort jobs based on location and whether they are full-time or part-time.
7. LinkedIn: Showcases job opportunities in multinational corporations, particularly useful for English-speaking professionals.
8. Wanted, Job Planet, and Glassdoor: Apps and platforms offering job listings and company reviews, catering to a wide range of job seekers, especially those in the technology and startup sectors.
Other Job-Search Resources
1. University Career Centers: Universities usually offer career services to their current students and alumni, including career counselling, job fairs, placement opportunities, and networking events. These are particularly beneficial for recent graduates.
2. The KOTRA Job Fair: An initiative by the Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency that provides details about job fairs linking foreigninvested companies with job seekers.
3. The Seoul Global Center: Offers expats services like job fairs, employment opportunities, and assistance with job applications, making it a valuable resource for those aiming to work in Gwangju.
4. Local Chambers of Commerce and Business Councils: Foreign nationals in South Korea can explore job opportunities or networking events through their home country’s Chamber of Commerce or business councils, which often post job openings and host beneficial events for job seekers.
5. Networking and Community Groups: Joining expat communities, social media groups, or forums focused on Gwangju is a great way to network and learn about job openings. Platforms like Facebook groups and Meetup are excellent for connecting with others in similar situations.
6. Teaching English: A popular career choice for native English speakers, with many teaching positions advertised on websites like ESL Cafe and by recruiters for both public and private schools.
7. Internships and Volunteer Work: Can be a stepping stone to full-time employment and a great way to enhance your resume. In Gwangju, these opportunities can be found through websites, local NGOs, or international organizations.
8. Visiting Local Businesses: For those interested in part-time work, especially in retail or hospitality, personally submitting a resume at local businesses can often lead to job offers.
When job hunting in South Korea, ensure that you meet the visa requirements and are eligible to work. Foreigners typically need an employersponsored work visa, so understanding the visa process is essential. Additionally, learning Korean can boost your job prospects and help you integrate into the community.
Sources
1. Expat Guide Korea. https://expatguidekorea.com/ article/11-top-job-sites-in-korea.html
Vibhanshu Maurya, hailing from India, is currently working towards his PhD at CNU. He leads an active life, heading the Gwangju Hikers group and producing podcasts that address the challenges of living in Korea and ways to navigate them. You can follow his work on Instagram at @realtalkkorea and also find his podcasts on YouTube under the same name.
Venue: Asia Culture Center, Art Theater, Theater 2
Admission: All seats 10,000 won
Eligibility: 5 years of age or older (born in 2019 or earlier)
Phone: 1899-5566
Seeking Shureya
슈레야를 찾아서
Dates: May 11 (Sat.) – May 12 (Sun.)
Time: 11:00 a.m. / 3:00 p.m. (Running time 60 min.)
Venue: Asia Culture Center, Children’s Theater
Admission: All seats 10,000 won
Eligibility: 7 years of age or older (born in 2017 or earlier)
Phone: 1899-5566
Gwangju City Ballet’s 137th Regular
Performance – Divine 광주시립발레단 제137회 정기공연 [DIVINE]
Dates: May 11 (Sat.) – May 12 (Sun.)
Time: 11:00 a.m. / 3:00 p.m. (Running time 60 min.)
Venue: Asia Culture Center, Children’s Theater
Admission: All seats 10,000 won
Eligibility: 7 years of age or older (born in 2017 or earlier)
Phone: 1899-5566
SPECIAL EVENTS
Gwangsan-gu will hold the 2nd Gwangsan Music On Festival at Hwangryong Chinsu Park in Gwangsangu over two days, May 4 and 5.
The event will be held for two days – May 4 (Sat.) and May 5 (Sun.), 2024, and the venue for the event is the Hwangryong Chinsu Park in Gwangsan-gu. The venue includes a music festival zone, free access to Indian tents and tarps, and a picnic area with private tents. In addition, there is a busking zone and a citizen participation program will also be conducted.
In addition, an air show by the Air Force’s Special Flight Team, the Black Eagles, will take place to
Crossword Puzzle Answers for the April Issue
mark Children’s Day. The Black Eagles Air Show will run for about 15 minutes beginning at 3:40 p.m. on May 5. The music festival will be divided into Part 1 (from 4 p.m.) and Part 2 (from 8 p.m.) on the main stage at Hwangryong Chinsu Park. Twelve teams of musicians will perform each of the two days. The festival is free of charge and can be watched from the mat zone or the standing zone. You must bring a mat to use the mat zone. Tickets for the standing zone will be distributed on a first-come, first-served basis from 10 a.m. on the day of the performance (1,000 people per musician).
There is expected to be a large number of attendees (about 100,000 people over the two days), so please be careful and keep safe.
Complied by Lee Hwadahm.
The first three people to complete the crossword puzzle correctly and send us a photo of the completed puzzle will receive a cultural gift certificate for 5,000 won!
The prize winners will be announced in the June issue of the Gwangju News, and the gift certificate will be sent online on the 5th of the following month. - Email via gwangjunews@gic.or.kr or DM via Instagram at Gwangju International Center
Created by Jon Dunbar
31 Circles around 33 TV and radio broadcaster
34 YG’s 2015 boy band
36 “Georgia ___ Mind” (2 words)
37 Equal in size to (3 words)
39 S.F.’s region
41 Semiconductor lights
44 Like jeon or buchimgae
45 ___ Cement 47 Cereal grain
48 ___ Nabisco 49 Dull
50 Brian of Roxy Music 51 Trash-talk
52 Played a trick on Halloween
1 Dutch airline
2 Yeses in Quebec
3 Imperial measurement of length
4 Large Arctic mammal
5 Scent
6 Upper arm muscle
7 Famous Korean filial daughter
8 Makeup kit item
9 Places to lie down
10 Lumberjacks’ tools
11 Opposite of no
17 Consume
21 Radish kimchi
22 Morning beverages
23 ___ Hana Bank
24 Night clothes
26 ___ Saimdang
27 Cash machine
28 “Gangnam Style” singer
30 Throw away
32 Tea plantation county
35 Edmonton hockey team
37 Joan of ___
38 Heavy drinker
39 Indian bread
40 “Hold ___ your hat”
42 “RuPaul’s ___ Race”
43 “Auld Lang ___”
44 Edgar Allen or Dameron
46 UK reference work
WANGJU INTERNATIONAL CENTER
For only 50,000 won/year, you help the GIC provide a space for exchanges for the local and international communities to learn and experience various cultures from around the world and to promote respect for diversity and inclusivity.
Bene�its as a GIC member:
Receive the Gwangju News every month by email. Priority for participation in programs. Get discounts on paid programs and space rentals. Borrow books and materials from the GIC Library. Get receipts for contributions provided for year-end tax settlement.
(61475) 5 Jungang-ro 196-beon-gil (Geumnam-ro 3-ga), Dong-gu, Gwangju, Korea
