თბილისის და ქუთაისის საქალაქო სასამართლოების სისხლის სამართლის საქმეთა მონიტორინგის ანგარიში #5

MONITORING CRIMINAL TRIALS IN TBILISI AND KUTAISI CITY COURTS

Monitoring Report #5 Period Covered: July - December, 2013 April, 2014 Tbilisi, Georgia

Tbilisis da quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloebis sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa monitoringis angariSi

monitoringis angariSi #5 periodi: ivlisi - dekemberi, 2013 aprili, 2014 Tbilisi, saqarTvelo

saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia

sisxlis samarTlis procesebis monitoringi Tbilisisa da quTaisis saqalaqo da saapelacio sasamarTloebSi angariSi #5 (ivlisi-dekemberi, 2013)

monitoringis proeqtis ganxorcieleba SesaZlebeli gaxda amerikeli xalxis guluxvi daxmarebis wyalobiT, romelic aSS­ is saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID) meSveobiT iqna gaweuli. angariSis Sinaarsze pasuxismgebelia saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia. is ar asaxavs USAID-­is, aSS-­is mTavrobis an „aRmosavleT-­dasavleTis marTvis institutis“ Sexedulebebs.

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avtorTa mier angariSSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi ar gamoxatavs aSS-is saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID) da amerikis mTavrobis pozicias. saia madlobas uxdis saqarTvelos sasamarTlo xelisuflebas sasamarTlo monitoringis proeqtis ganxorcielebis xelSewyobisaTvis.

avtorebi: TinaTin avaliani eka xuciSvili redaqtori: xaTuna yviralaSvili teq. redaqtori: irakli svaniZe gamocemaze pasuxismgebeli: Tamar gvaramaZe monitoringis da kvlevis momzadebis procesSi monawileoba miiRes saias monitorebma:

mariam nikolaSvili vladimer beqiSvili ana sigua levan vefxvaZe mariam melaZe

aiwyo da dakabadonda saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciaSi. j. kaxiZis q.15 Tbilisi 0102 saqarTvelo (+995 32) 295 23 53, 293 61 01 akrZalulia aq moyvanili masalebis gadabeWdva, gamravleba an gavrceleba komerciuli mizniT, asociaciis werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Š 2014, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia

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Sinaarsi

procesebis monitoringisas gamovlenili ZiriTadi tendenciebi ...................................................................... 5 pirveli wardgenis sxdomebi (aRkveTis RonisZiebebi) ............ 5 winasasamarTlo sxdomebi ................................................................ 7 saproceso SeTanxmebis sxdomebi ................................................... 7 dakvirvebis sxva mniSvnelovani Sedegebi .................................... 8 Sesavali ............................................................................................... 10 meTodologia ............................................................................... 11 angariSis struqtura ................................................................ 13 a. dakvirvebis Sedegebi saqmis ganxilvis etapebis mixedviT ......................................................................... 13 I. pirveli wardgenis sxdomebi ............................................... 13 1.1. zogadi tendenciebi ......................................................... 15 1.2. konkretuli aRkveTis RonisZiebebi .......................... 17 1.2.1. girao ................................................................................. 17 1.2.2. patimroba ......................................................................... 25 1.2.3. piradi Tavdeboba .......................................................... 28 1.2.4. SeTanxmeba gausvlelobisa da saTanado qcevis Sesaxeb ............................................... 29 1.2.5. samxedro mosamsaxuris qcevisadmi sardlobis meTvalyureoba ........................................ 30 1.3. saqmeTa ganxilvis winaswari gamoqveyneba ................. 30 I I . winasasamarTlo sxdomebi .................................................... 31

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I I I . saproceso SeTanxmebis sxdomebi ........................................ 35 b. dakvirvebis Sedegebi calkeuli uflebis mixedviT .......... 39 I. mxareTa Tanasworobis da SejibrebiTobis principi ...... 39 I I . dacvis ufleba ........................................................................... 45 I I I . arasaTanado mopyrobis akrZalva ....................................... 50 IV. motivirebuli (dasabuTebuli) gadawyvetis ufleba .... 55 V. sajaro ganxilvis ufleba ..................................................... 56 VI. Tarjimnis yolis ufleba ...................................................... 60 g. procesis monawileTa qceva sasamarTlo sxdomaze ............ 61 d. sasamarTlo procesis droulad gamarTvis uzrunvelyofa .......................................................... 69 daskvna .................................................................................................. 70 rekomendaciebi .................................................................................. 72 danarTebi ............................................................................................ 75

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procesebis monitoringisas gamovlenili ZiriTadi tendenciebi (ivlisi-dekemberi, 2013) pirveli wardgenis sxdomebi (aRkveTis RonisZiebebi) •

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monitoringis wina periodTan SedarebiT (ianvariivnisi, 2013): −

41%-dan 55%-mde moimata im braldebulTa raodenobam, romelTa mimarTac prokuratura patimrobis gamoyenebas iTxovda.

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30%-dan 42%-mde moimata im braldebulTa raodenobam, romlebsac aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxiT patimroba SeefardaT.

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69%-dan 55%-mde Semcirda im braldebulTa raodenoba, romlebsac aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxiT girao SeefardaT.

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monitoringis ganxorcielebis dawyebidan (2011 wlis oqtomberi) ukve meored dafiqsirda SemTxveva, rodesac sasamarTlom braldebuls saerTod ar Seufarda aRkveTis RonisZieba. sagulisxmoa, rom wina SemTxvevisagan gansxvavebiT, sadac saqme Seexeboda maRali Tanamdebobis pirs,1 amjerad sasamarTlom aRkveTis RonisZiebis gareSe datova braldebuli, romelsac ar gaaCnda maRali Tanamdebobis piris statusi. saia am SemTxvevas dadebiTad afasebs da imeds itovebs, rom momavalSi sasamarTloebi ufro xSirad datoveben braldebuls aRkveTis RonisZiebis gareSe iseT SemTxvevebSi, rodesac misi gamoyeneba aucilebeli ar iqneba.

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wina monitoringis periodebis msgavsad, sasamarTlo TiTqmis yovelTvis iyenebda mxolod ori saxis aRkveTis RonisZiebas: patimrobas da giraos. amasTan, dafiqsirda mxolod sami gamonaklisi: 1 SemTxveva, rodesac braldebuls Seefarda SeTanxmeba gausvlelobisa da saTanado qcevis Sesaxeb; me-2 SemTxveva, rodesac pirs piradi Tavdeboba Seefarda da me-3 Sem-

giorgi ugulava – Tbilisis imJamindeli meri.

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Txveva, rodesac braldebuls saerTod ar Seefarda aRkveTis RonisZieba.

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wina saangariSo periodebTan SedarebiT, sasamarTlom ufro xSirad daasabuTa Tavisi gadawyvetileba rogorc patimrobis (87%), ise giraos (84%) Sefardebis Sesaxeb. wina saangariSo periodSi sasamarTlom Tavisi gadawyvetileba patimrobis gamoyenebisas 81%-Si, xolo giraos Sefardebisas 51%-Si daasabuTa.

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wina saangariSo periodidan moyolebuli, grZeldeba tendencia, rom sasamarTlo avtomaturad aRar akmayofilebs prokuraturis Suamdgomlobebs da aRkveTis RonisZiebas ufro meti gansjis Sedegad ufardebs braldebuls:

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SemTxvevebis 21%-Si, rodesac prokuraturam patimroba moiTxova, sasamarTlom Seufarda girao.

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SemTxvevebis 71%-Si sasamarTlom imaze naklebi odenobis girao Seufarda, vidre prokuraturam moiTxova.

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erT saqmeSi, sadac prokuraturam moiTxova patimroba, mosamarTlem braldebuli aRkveTis RonisZiebis gareSe datova.

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2 saqmeSi, sadac prokuraturam girao moiTxova, mosamarTlem erT braldebuls Seufarda piradi Tavdeboba, xolo meores _ SeTanxmeba saTanado qcevisa da gausvlelobis Sesaxeb.

monitoringis wina periodebis msgavsad, sasamarTloebma ver uzrunvelyves informaciis winaswar gamoqveyneba pirveli wardgenis sxdomaTa saqmeebze.

Tumca, quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos misaRebSi mandaturebi kvlav verbalurad acxadebdnen pirveli wardgenis sxdomebis Sesaxeb.2

2 amis sapirispirod, pirveli wardgenis sxdomebis gamoklebiT, sasamarTlos winaswar ar gamouqveynebia informacia sxva sxdomebis 22%-is SemTxvevaSi.

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winasasamarTlo sxdomebi •

monitoringis dawyebidan moyolebuli (2011 wlis oqtomberi) pirvelad dafiqsirda SemTxveva, rodesac mosamarTlem saqme ar gadasca arsebiTad gansaxilvelad da sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna winasasamarTlo ganxilvis etapze Sewyvita. saia amas dadebiTad afasebs da imedovnebs, rom momavalSi, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mosamarTleebi ufro xSirad Sewyveten devnas winasasamarTlo ganxilvis etapze.

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wina saangariSo periodebis msgavsad, sasamarTloebi, rogorc Cans, isev Semoifarglebodnen prokuraturis Suamdgomlobis dakmayofilebiT mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Sesaxeb. rac Seexeba dacvis mxares, wina saangariSo periodTan SedarebiT, is ufro gaaqtiurebuli Canda. am saangariSo periodSi dacvam 39 aragaxmaurebuli saqmidan 14 SemTxvevaSi (36%) daayena Suamdgomloba mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Sesaxeb. wina saangariSo periodSi msgavsi SemTxvevebi mxolod saqmeTa 14%-Si dafiqsirda. miuxedavad amisa, wina saangariSo periodis msgavsad, dacva bevrad aqtiuri iyo gaxmaurebul saqmeebSi da Suamdgomloba mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Sesaxeb daayena gaxmaurebul saqmeTa 100%-Si (9-dan 9 saqmeSi).

saproceso SeTanxmebis sxdomebi •

wina saangariSo periodebis msgavsad, mosamarTleebi iyvnen pasiurebi saproceso SeTanxmebis ganxilvebisas da, praqtikulad, avtomaturad amtkicebdnen braldebis mxaris Suamdgomlobas saproceso SeTanxmebis dadebis Taobaze. saia miiCnevs, rom mosamarTleebi bevrad aqtiurebi unda iyvnen saproceso SeTanxmebis ganxilvis procesSi.

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monitoringis bolo 2 periodSi Semcirda im saproceso SeTanxmebebis raodenoba, sadac braldebulebs jarima SeefardaT. aRniSnulma maCvenebelma, sabolood, 49% Seadgina. 28%-iT Semcirda Sefardebuli jarimis saSualo odenobac. sagulisxmoa, rom wina saangariSo

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periodSi aseve dafiqsirda Sefardebuli jarimebis saSualo odenobis mniSvnelovnad Semcireba.

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saproceso SeTanxmebisas sazogadoebrivad sasargeblo Sromis gamoyenebis SemTxvevebi, wina saangariSo periodis msgavsad, 7%-s Seadgens. wina saangariSo periodSi es maCvenebel 1%-dan 7%-mde gaizarda.

dakvirvebis sxva mniSvnelovani Sedegebi •

wina saangariSo periodebis msgavsad, gaxmaurebuli saqmeebis gamoklebiT, sadac dacva Zalian aqtiuri iyo, Cveulebriv saqmeebSi dacva kvlav pasiurobiT gamoirCeoda braldebasTan SedarebiT.

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dasrulebuli 81 saqmidan (68 _ saproceso SeTanxmeba da 13 _ arsebiTi ganxilva) braldebuli mxolod 3 SemTxvevaSi gamarTlda (samidan 2 saqme3 gaxmaurebuli iyo). wina saangariSo periodSi dafiqsirda mxolod 1 gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni. es iyo pirveli gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni, romelic saiam monitoringis dasawyisidan (2011 wlis oqtomberi) moyolebuli daafiqsira.

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monitoringis wina periodis msgavsad, mosamarTleebi braldebulebs, sxva uflebebTan SedarebiT, bevrad ukeTesad ganumartavdnen saproceso SeTanxmebasTan dakavSirebul uflebebs.

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Cxrekisa da amoRebis RonisZiebebis dakanonebis kuTxiT, mimdinare saangariSo periodSi viTareba ar Secvlila. monitoringis ganmavlobaSi dafiqsirebuli Cxrekisa da amoRebis Sesaxeb warmodgenili 38 Suamdgomlobidan, mxolod or SemTxvevaSi gasca sasamarTlom winaswari nebarTva Cxrekis Catarebaze. danarCen 36 SemTxvevaSi ki, sasamarTlom daakanona ukve Catarebuli Cxreka. es kidev ufro amyarebs eWvs, rom samarTaldamcavi organoebi da sasamarTlo ar asrulebdnen TavianT valdebulebebs _ Tu Cxreka da

3 nikoloz gvaramias (iusticiis, aseve, ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis yofili ministri) da kaxa gewaZis saqmeebi (zestafonis yofili gamgebeli).

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amoReba ar emyareba gadaudebel aucileblobas, is ar unda Catardes, an/da Semdeg ar unda dakanondes. miuxedavad imisa, rom sasamarTlo ganxilvebze, zogadad, uzrunvelyofilia moqalaqeTa daswrebis ufleba, am mimarTulebiT kvlav SeiniSneba mniSvnelovani xarvezebi. aRkveTis RonisZiebis sxdomebis garda, sadac informacia winaswar arc erTi sxdomis Sesaxeb ar gamoqveynebula, es problema agreTve dafiqsirda nafici msajulebis SerCevis sxdomebzec, sadac moqalaqeebs SezRuduli hqondaT sxdomaze daswrebis ufleba, miuxedavad imisa, rom sxdomebi, mosamarTlis gadawyvetilebiT, oficialurad daxurulad ar gamocxadebula. problemur sakiTxad rCeba sasamarTlo ganxilvebis droulad dawyebac. pirveli wardgenis sxdomebis gamoklebiT, sxva danarCeni sxdomebis 37.5% 5 wuTze meti drois dagvianebiT daiwyo.

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Sesavali saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia (saia) axorcielebs sasamarTlos monitoringis proeqts 2011 wlis oqtombridan. saiam monitoringis proeqti Tavdapirvelad Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palataSi ganaxorciela. 2012 wlis 1 dekembers saiam gaafarTova monitoringis farglebi da masSi quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloc CarTo. quTaissa da TbilisSi monitoringis identuri meTodebi iyo gamoyenebuli.4 saiam sazogadoebas da dainteresebul mxareebs monitoringis pirveli da meore angariSebi (2011 wlis oqtombridan 2012 wlis martamde) 2012 wlis ivnisSi warmoudgina. mesame angariSis prezentacia 2013 wlis aprilSi (moicavs periods _ 2012 wlis ivlisidan dekembramde) Catarda. meoTxe angariSis prezentacia, romelic moicavda periods 2013 wlis ianvridan ivnisis CaTvliT, 2013 wlis oqtomberSi gaimarTa. amjerad warmogidgenT saias sasamarTlo procesebis monitoringis mexuTe angariSs, romelic moicavs monacemebs 2013 wlis ivlisidan dekembris CaTvliT. angariSSi agreTve gaecnobiT nafici msajulebis monawileobiT gamarTuli sxdomebis dakvirvebis Sedegebs. wina angariSebis msgavsad, sisxlis samarTlis saqmis warmoebis monitoringis mizani aris gamWvirvalobis gazrda, sasamarTlo darbazebSi mimdinare realuri procesebis asaxva da sazogadoebisaTvis Sesabamisi informaciis miwodeba. angariSs Tan erTvis rogorc monitoringis mimdinareobisas axlad aRmoCenili, ise wina saangariSo periodidan momdinare problemebis Sesabamisi rekomendaciebi. aRniSnuli rekomendaciebis mTavari mizani sisxlis samarTlis sistemis srulyofa-gaumjobesebis xelSewyobaa.

2013 wlis ivlisidan dekembramde periodSi saiam 538 sasamarTlo procesis monitoringi ganaxorciela. maT Sorisaa: • 87 _ pirveli wardgenis sxdoma • 83 _ winasasamarTlo sxdoma 4 quTaisSi, saqmeTa mcire raodenobis gamo, monitorings erTi damkvirvebeli axorcielebda. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi monitorings sami damkvirvebeli axorcielebda, wina saangriSo periodis analogiurad.

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• • • • •

68 _ saproceso SeTanxmebis sxdoma 271 _ arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdoma 12 _ saapelacio ganxilvis sxdoma 6 _ nafici msajulebis SerCevis sxdoma 11 _ nafici msajulebis monawileobiT gamarTuli sxdoma

am 538 sxdomidan 327 Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi Catarda, 199 _ quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi, 5 _ Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTloSi da 7 _ quTaisis saapelacio sasamarTloSi. erTaderTi TvalSisacemi sxvaoba Tbilisisa da quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloebSi mimdinare procesebs Soris Seexeboda pirveli wardgenis sxdomebis Sesaxeb informaciis winaswar gamoqveynebas.5 saia calke ar ganixilavs nafic msajulTa da saapelacio sxdomebs, radgan am procesebze raime gansxvavebuli tendenciebi ar dafiqsirebula. nafic msajulTa da sxva arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdomebi erTgvarovnad mimdinareobda. monitoringis wina angariSSi saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciam aRniSna, rom 2012 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis Semdeg sasamarTloSi dafiqsirda garkveuli winsvla ara mxolod gaxmaurebuli, aramed, zogadad, Cveulebrivi saqmeebis ganxilvis procesSic. unda aRiniSnos, rom es dadebiTi tendencia mimdinare periodSic gagrZelda, rac gansakuTrebiT TvalSisacemia aRkveTis RonisZiebis Sefardebisas mosamarTlis mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebebis dasabuTebulobis nawilSi. meTodologia winamdebare angariSSi mocemuli yvela informacia miRebulia sxdomebis uSualo monitoringis Sedegad. saias damkvirveblebi ar esaubrebodnen mxareebs da ar ganixilavdnen saqmis masalebs an gadawyvetilebebs. mopovebuli informa5 quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi sasamarTlos mandaturma zepirad gamoacxada gansasjelis saxeli, wayenebuli braldeba da mosamarTlis saxeli; Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi pirveli mosmenis Sesaxeb aranairi informacia winaswar xelmisawvdomi ar yofila.

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ciis damuSaveba da analizi saias gamocdilma iuristebma da analitikosebma ganaxorcieles. gasuli monitoringebis msgavsad, saias damkvirveblebi iyenebdnen kiTxvarebs, romlebic konkretulad monitoringis proeqtisTvis momzadda. amasTan, Sefasda monitorebis mier mopovebuli informacia da sasamarTlos saqmianobis Sesabamisoba saerTaSoriso standartebTan, saqarTvelos konstituciasa da moqmed Sida kanonmdeblobasTan. kiTxvarebi moicavda rogorc „daxurul“ kiTxvebs, romlebze pasuxic SeiZleboda yofiliyo `ki~ an `ara~, aseve „Ria“ kiTxvebs, romlebic monitorebs saSualebas aZlevda, vrclad aexsnaT da daefiqsirebinaT TavianTi dakvirvebis Sedegebi. amasTan, wina saangariSo periodis analogiurad, saias damkvirveblebi garkveul SemTxvevebSi awarmoebdnen Canawerebs sasamarTlo ganxilvebisa da gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani Suamdgomlobebis Sesaxeb, rac ufro met sicxades da konteqsts aniWebda maT muSaobas. am proceduris saSualebiT, monitorebma moaxerxes obieqturi, gazomvadi monacemebis Segroveba da, imavdroulad, sxva mniSvnelovani faqtebis identificireba. am angariSis danarTebi, SesaZloa, srulad ar asaxavdes am, garkveulwilad, subieqtur informacias, Tumca, saias daskvna mTlianobaSi efuZneba monitorebis mier mopovebuli sruli informaciis analizs. sisxlis samarTlis saqmis warmoebis sirTulis gaTvaliswinebiT, saias damkvirveblebi, rogorc wesi, eswrebodnen individualur sasamarTlo procesebs da ara saqmis ganxilvis yvela sxdomas. Tumca, iyo ramdenime gamonaklisi. e.w. `gaxmaurebul~ saqmeebs, aseve saqmeebs, romlebic saias damkvirveblebis da analitikosebis mier winaswar SemuSavebuli kriteriumebiT ganisazRvra, saias monitori, SeZlebisdagvarad, ganxilvis mTel etapze daeswro. saia akvirdeboda im saqmeebs, romlebic SeirCa uflebaTa uxeSi darRvevebis, maRali sazogadoebrivi interesis an sxva gansakuTrebuli faqtoris gaTvaliswinebiT. aseT saqmeebs asociacia saapelacio sasamarTloSic akvirdeboda.

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angariSis struqtura winamdebare angariSi 5 ZiriTadi nawilisgan Sedgeba: pirveli nawili moicavs ZiriTad daskvnebs sisxlis samarTlis saqmis or etapTan (braldebulis pirveli wardgenis da winasasamarTlo sxdomebi) da calkeul sxdomebTan (saproceso SeTanxmebis sxdomebi) dakavSirebiT. angariSis meore nawilSi warmodgenilia braldebulis ZiriTadi uflebebi samarTalwarmoebis procesSi. esenia: mxareTa Tanasworobisa da SejibrebiTobis principi, dacvis ufleba, arasaTanado mopyrobis akrZalva, motivirebuli (dasabuTebuli) gadawyvetilebis ufleba da Tarjimnis ufleba. angariSis mesame nawili exeba procesis monawileTa qcevas sasamarTloSi. es nawili moicavs mxolod iseTi saxis darRvevebs, romlebic pirdapir ewinaaRmdegeba saproceso kanons an eTikur normebs. angariSis meoTxe nawili moicavs sasamarTloSi procesis gamarTvasTan dakavSirebuli teqnikuri xarvezebis mimoxilvas. angariSis daskvniT nawilSi ganxilulia ZiriTadi sakiTxebi, romlebic saangariSo periodSi gamoikveTa. aqve warmodgenilia saias mier SemuSavebuli rekomendaciebi, romlebic monitoringis manZilze gamovlenil problemebze dayrdnobiT momzadda. saia imeds gamoTqvams, rom monitoringis procesSi mopovebuli informacia Seqmnis saqarTvelos sasamarTloebSi arsebuli viTarebis ufro naTel suraTs da pozitiur wvlils Seitans sasamarTlo reformis Sesaxeb mimdinare debatebSi.

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a. dakvirvebis Sedegebi saqmis ganxilvis etapebis mixedviT I. pirveli wardgenis sxdomebi sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis (sssk) 198-e muxlis Tanaxmad, braldebulis pirveli wardgenis sxdomaze sasamarTlo ganixilavs sakiTxs, Tu romeli RonisZieba unda iqnes gamoyenebuli, raTa braldebulma Tavi ar aaridos sasamarTloSi gamocxadebas, aRikveTos misi Semdgomi danaSaulebrivi saqmianoba da xeli ar SeeSalos gamoZiebas manam, sanam saqmeze saboloo ganaCeni dadgeba. aRkveTis RonisZieba unda iyos dasabuTebuli, rac imas niSnavs, rom aRkveTis RonisZiebis konkretuli saxis gamoyeneba kanoniT dadgenil miznebs unda Seesabamebodes. sasamarTlos SeuZlia sssk-iT gaTvaliswinebuli ramdenime aRkveTis RonisZiebidan erT-erTis gamoyeneba: patimroba, girao, piradi Tavdeboba, gausvlelobisa da saTanado qcevis Sesaxeb SeTanxmeba, sardlobis mier samxedro mosamsaxuris qcevis meTvalyureoba. sssk-is 198.3 muxlis Tanaxmad, aRkveTis RonisZiebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb Suamdgomlobis wardgenisas, prokurori valdebulia, daasabuTos mis mier moTxovnili aRkveTis RonisZiebis gamoyenebis mizanSewoniloba da sxva naklebad mkacri aRkveTis RonisZiebis gamoyenebis aramarTebuloba.

Sesabamisad, aRkveTis RonisZiebis dasabuTebis tvirTi braldebis mxares awevs. dacvis mxare ar aris valdebuli, waradginos mtkicebuleba aRkveTis RonisZiebis sawinaaRmdegod. amasTan, sssk-is 198.5 muxlis Tanaxmad, aRkveTis RonisZiebisa da misi konkretuli saxis gamoyenebis sakiTxis gadawyvetisas, sasamarTlo iTvaliswinebs braldebulis pirovnebas, mis saqmianobas, asaks, janmrTelobas, ojaxur da qonebriv mdgomareobas, adre Sefardebuli romelime aRkveTis RonisZiebis darRvevis faqts da sxva garemoebebs. sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba aRkveTis RonisZiebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb unda iyos dasabuTebuli, radgan saqmis warmoebis yovel etapze dasabuTebuli gadawyvetilebis miReba samarTliani sasamarTlos uflebis nawilia, rac garantire-

14

bulia sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT6 da gamyarebulia adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos (evropis sasamarTlo) rigi gadawyvetilebebiT.7 1.1. zogadi tendenciebi saangariSo periodSi saia daakvirda 87 pirveli wardgenis sxdomas (64 _ Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi, 23 _ quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi) 106 braldebulis8 mimarT. monitoringis yvela wina periodTan SedarebiT, zogi mimarTulebiT, erTi SexedviT, gauaresebuli mdgomareoba dafiqsirda, Tumca, zogadi suraTi mkveTrad gaumjobesebulia. wina periodebSi arsebuli calkeuli SemaSfoTebeli praqtika ucvleli darCa. saias mier monitoringis dawyebidan moyolebuli, mdgomareoba mkveTrad gaumjobesda aRkveTis RonisZiebebis dasabuTebulobis kuTxiT. sasamarTlos monitoringis pirvel da meore saangariSo periodebSi sasamarTlo akmayofilebda braldebis mxaris yvela Suamdgomlobas aRkveTis RonisZiebis Sesaxeb, rac miuTiTebda aSkara tendenciurobaze prokuraturis sasargeblod. monitoringis mesame periodSi viTareba garkveulwilad Seicvala, gansakuTrebiT, 2012 wlis oqtombris saparlamento arCevnebis Semdeg, rodesac sasamarTlom, rig SemTxvevaSi, ar daakmayofila braldebis mxaris Suamdgomloba aRkveTis RonisZiebis Sefardebis Sesaxeb. momdevno saangariSo periodSi es tendencia SenarCunda, nacvlad braldebis yvela Suamdgomlobis avtomaturad dakmayofilebisa. sasamarTloebi SedarebiT aqtiurebi iyvnen aRkveTis RonisZiebis sakiTxis ganxilvisas da ar Semoifarglebodnen mxolod braldebis mxaris moTxovniT. mocemul saangariSo periodSi am mxriv viTareba kidev ufro gaumjobesda. mosamarTleebi met Zalisxmevas iCendnen prokuroris Suamdgomlobis safuZvlebisa da dacvis poziciis gamosarkvevad.

Sesabamisad, aRkveTis RonisZiebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebebis dasabuTebulobis raodenobis maCvenebeli mniSvnelovnad gaizarda.

6

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi, muxli 194.2.

7

E.g., Hiro Balani v. Spain, no. 18064/91, Para. 27 (9 December 1994).

8

zogierT pirvel wardgenis mosmenaze erTze meti braldebuli monawileobda.

15

marTalia, wina angariSSi dafiqsirebuli pozitiuri tendencia _ braldebis mxaris mier patimrobis naklebi sixSiriT moTxovna _ Seicvala, Tumca, braldebis mxaris Suamdgomlobebi patimrobis Sesaxeb ufro dasabuTebuli gaxda. prokuraturis mier warmodgenili giraos Suamdgomlobebi kvlav arasaTanadod dasabuTebuli iyo, radgan prokuratura iSviaTad warmoadgenda informacias braldebulis finansuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. Tumca, aq Tavis dadebiT rols sasamarTlo asrulebda da xSirad is Tavad cdilobda braldebulisagan am informaciis mopovebas. pirveli wardgenis sxdomebze dacvis ganxorcielebis mxriv mdgomareoba mniSvnelovnad ara, magram garkveuli kuTxiT mainc gaumjobesda. rogorc patimrobis, ise giraos moTxovnis SemTxvevebSi, dacva ufro iSviaTad eTanxmeboda braldebis pozicias da cdilobda, konkretuli argumentebiT daesabuTebina Tavisi pozicia. amis sapirispirod, samwuxarod, isev iyo SemTxvevebi, rodesac dacva formalurad ewinaaRmdegeboda braldebis Suamdgomlobas da Tavis sasargeblod arc erTi damajerebeli argumenti ar mohyavda. saiam daafiqsira ramdenime SemTxveva, rodesac mosamarTle daexmara braldebulebs, romlebsac advokati ar hyavdaT, ukeT daecvaT sakuTari Tavi. monitoringis dawyebis momentidan moyolebuli (2011 wlis oqtomberi) pirvelad dafiqsirda SemTxvevebi, rodesac mosamarTlem, mas Semdeg rac Sesabamisad ganumarta braldebulebs aRkveTis RonisZiebis alternatiuli RonisZiebebi, 2 Cveulebriv saqmeSi sasamarTlom gaiTvaliswina braldebulTa moTxovna da erTs Seufarda piradi Tavdeboba, xolo meores _ SeTanxmeba saTanado qcevisa da gausvlelobis Sesaxeb. saia amas dadebiTad afasebs da imeds itovebs, rom sasamarTloebi yvela Sesabamis SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneben alternatiul aRkveTis RonisZiebebs an saerTod ar Seufardeben braldebuls aRkveTis RonisZiebas. zemoxsenebuli pozitiuri faqtebis miuxedavad, gasuli saangariSo periodebis msgavsad, sasamarTloebis mier amjeradac, ZiriTadad, ori saxis aRkveTis RonisZieba gamoiyeneboda: patimroba da girao. amas Semdegi mizezi aqvs: pirveli _ prokurorebi arasodes iTxovdnen sxva saxis aRkveTis RonisZiebas, patimrobisa an giraos garda; meore _ im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac braldebuli konkretulad ver ayalibebda

16

sakuTar moTxovnas, mosamarTleebi iSviaTad cdilobdnen, aexsnaT misTvis da gamoerkviaT aRkveTis RonisZiebis sxva, ufro msubuqi saxeebis moTxovnisa da gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba; da mesame _ Tavis mxriv, dacvis mxaris pasiuri pozicia amis mniSvnelovani xelSemwyobi faqtori iyo.

106 braldebulidan mxolod 8 SemTxvevaSi daayena dacvam giraosgan gansxvavebuli moTxovna (4 _ aRkveTis RonisZiebis gareSe datoveba, 3 _ piradi Tavdeboba da 1 _ SeTanxmeba saTanado qcevisa da gausvlelobis Sesaxeb). am 8 moTxovnidan sasamarTlom 3 daakmayofila (erTi braldebuli aRkveTis gareSe datova, erTs piradi Tavdeboba Seufarda, erTs ki _ SeTanxmeba saTanado qcevisa da gausvlelobis Sesaxeb). mniSvnelovania isic, rom 2 SemTxvevaSi, rodesac dacvam piradi Tavdeboba moiTxova, sasamarTlo darbazSi warmodgenili ar iyo Sesabamisi piri, rac sasamarTlos arTmevda SesaZleblobas, daekmayofilebina dacvis moTxovna. aRniSnuli monacemi gansxvavdeba wina saangariSo periodis monacemisgan, rodesac sasamarTlom dacvis 14 alternatiuli moTxovnidan arc erTi daakmayofila. saia miiCnevs, rom msgavs SemTxvevebSi, zogadad, mosamarTle uflebamosilia, sxdomaze sakuTari iniciativiT gamoacxados Sesveneba, Tuki daadgens, rom garkveul vadaSi SesaZlebelia Tavmdebi piris procesze gamocxadeba da piradi Tavdebobis gamoyeneba. Tumca, saia ver Seafasebs, konkretulad romel saqmeSi SeeZlo mosamarTles amis gakeTeba, radgan, saproceso kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, aRkveTis RonisZiebas mosamarTle pirs 24 saaTian vadaSi ufardebs. im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki es 24 saaTiani vada iwureba, bunebrivia, mosamarTles aRar eqneba imis resursi, rom Sesveneba gamoacxados da dacvas Tavmdebi piris sxdomaze warmodgenis SesaZlebloba misces. amasTan, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia miiCnevs, rom erT SemTxvevaSi, sadac sasamarTlom (marTalia, mcire odenobis) girao gamoiyena, SeeZlo, braldebuli aRkveTis RonisZiebis gareSe daetovebina (upovari braldebulis saqme, romelic detalurad ganxilulia giraos qveTavSi).

17

1.2. konkretuli aRkveTis RonisZiebebi 1.2.1. girao girao aRkveTis RonisZiebis erT-erTi saxea, romlis gamoyenebis mizania, braldebulma Tavi ar aaridos sasamarTloSi gamocxadebas, aRikveTos misi Semdgomi danaSaulebrivi saqmianoba, xeli ar SeeSalos gamoZiebas. giraos Sefardebisas braldebuli ixdis konkretul Tanxas imis sanacvlod, rom gaTavisufldes saqmeze saboloo ganaCenis dadgomamde. braldebuls an pirs, romelmac gadaixada girao mis sasargeblod, gadaxdili Tanxa srulad ubrundeba (im kursis gaTvaliswinebiT, rac arsebobda giraos gadaxdisas), an qonebas yadaRa exsneba sasamarTlos mier ganaCenis gamotanidan erTi Tvis vadaSi im motiviT, rom braldebulma masze dakisrebuli valdebuleba Seasrula zedmiwevniT da gulwrfelad da mis mimarT gamoyenebuli aRkveTis RonisZieba ar Secvlila ufro mkacri aRkveTis RonisZiebiT.9 rogorc aRkveTis RonisZiebis erT-erTi saxeobis _ giraos mimarT vrceldeba saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT aRkveTis RonisZiebis gamoyenebisaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli yvela savaldebulo moTxovna. Sedegad, prokurorma unda daasabuTos aRkveTis RonisZiebis Suamdgomloba da sasamarTlom unda gaiTvaliswinos sxvadasxva faqtori, maT Soris, braldebulis pirovneba, finansuri mdgomareoba da sxva mniSvnelovani maxasiaTeblebi im SemTxvevaSic ki, rodesac prokuratura ar waradgens informacias zemoaRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT. dacvis mxaris valdebulebas ar warmoadgens aRniSnuli informaciis warmodgena, vinaidan braldebis mxaris movaleobaa, daasabuTos moTxovnili aRkveTis RonisZiebebis mizanSewoniloba da proporciuloba.10 aqedan gamomdinare, giraos mizanSewoniloba damokidebulia misi aucileblobis dasabuTebaze.

9

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi, muxli 200.

10

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis muxli 200.2-is Tanaxmad, giraos Tanxa ganisazRvreba Cadenili danaSaulis simZimiT da gansasjelis finansuri mdgomareobiT.

18

gamovlenili Sedegebi amJamindeli statistika, mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba imisgan, rac iyo monitoringis Tavdapirvel periodebSi. kerZod, mosamarTleebi avtomaturad aRar akmayofileben braldebis mxaris Suamdgomlobas aRkveTis RonisZiebis Sesaxeb da braldebuls ufro meti gansjis Sedegad ufardeben aRkveTis RonisZiebas. wina periodTan SedarebiT, monitoringma am periodSi gansxvavebuli Sedegebi gamoavlina giraosTan dakavSirebiT. aRsaniSnavia, rom amjerad girao Seefarda ufro nakleb braldebuls, vidre monitoringis wina periodSi. zogierT SemTxvevaSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom braldeba patimrobas moiTxovda, sasamarTlom Seufarda girao. Tumca, sasamarTlo xSirad ar ikvlevda sxva naklebad mkacri aRkveTis RonisZiebis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobas da arc imas, saerTod aucilebeli iyo Tu ara aRkveTis RonisZiebis gamoyeneba.

106 braldebulidan 55%-s Seefarda girao, xolo 42%-s _ patimroba. garda amisa, erTi braldebulis mimarT gamoyenebuli iyo SeTanxmeba gausvlelobisa da saTanado qcevis Sesaxeb, 1 braldebulis mimarT _ piradi Tavdeboba, xolo 1 braldebuli sasamarTlom datova aRkveTis RonisZiebis gareSe. qvemoT mocemuli diagrama gamosaxavs situacias monitoringis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi (2011 wlis oqtombridan 2013 wlis dekembris CaTvliT). diagrama #1

19

aRniSnul periodSi girao, rogorc aRkveTis RonisZieba, gamoyenebuli iyo im saqmeebis 21%-Si, sadac prokuraturam patimroba moiTxova (58 piridan 12 piris mimarT). 2012 wlis oqtombramde sasamarTlo yovelTvis akmayofilebda prokuraturis Suamdgomlobas patimrobis Sesaxeb. mxolod 2012 wlis oqtombris Semdeg sasamarTlos praqtika Seicvala da, miuxedavad braldebis mier patimrobis moTxovnisa, sasamarTlom daiwyo aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxiT giraos Sefardeba. qvemoT mocemuli diagrama asaxavs situacias monitoringis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi (2011 wlis oqtombridan 2013 wlis dekembris CaTvliT). diagrama #2

prokuraturis mier giraos moTxovnaTa SemTxvevebis 71%-Si (49-dan _ 35 SemTxveva) giraos saxiT Sefardebuli Tanxis odenoba moTxovnilze naklebi iyo, 12 SemTxvevaSi ki _ Tanabari (qvemoT mocemuli diagrama asaxavs situacias monitoringis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi (2011 wlis oqtombridan 2013 wlis dekembris CaTvliT). or damatebiT SemTxvevaSi _ sasamarTlom ar daakmayofila braldebis moTxovna giraos Sesaxeb. kerZod, sasamarTlom piradi Tavdeboba Seufarda erTerT braldebuls, meore braldebuls ki, daakisra SeTanxmeba saTanado qcevisa da gausvlelobis Sesaxeb.

20

diagrama #3

monitoringis periodSi giraos saxiT Sefardebuli maqsimaluri Tanxa Seadgenda 50.000 lars,11 xolo minimaluri _ 1.000 lars. wina saangariSo periodSi giraos maqsimaluri odenoba Seadgenda 35.000 lars, minimaluri ki _ 1.000 lars. miuxedavad am pozitiuri cvlilebebisa, garkveuli xarvezebi dafiqsirda giraos gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT. giraos dakisreba aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxiT unda iyos proporciuli da dasabuTebuli. es imas niSnavs, rom girao unda iyos braldebulis finansuri mdgomareobis da savaraudo danaSaulis proporciuli da dasabuTebuli. aRkveTis RonisZiebis sakiTxis ganxilvisas, unda moxdes yvela Sesabamisi garemoebis analizi, raTa mosamarTle darwmundes, rom braldebuls aqvs SesaZlebloba, gadaixados Sefardebuli girao. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu ver moxdeba Sefardebuli Tanxis gadaxda, girao unda Seicvalos ufro mkacri aRkveTis RonisZiebiT _ patimrobiT. aqedan gamomdinare, dausabuTebeli giraos Sefardeba, faqtobrivad, piris patimrobas SeiZleba udrides. aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxiT giraos Sefardebis Sesaxeb gamo11

Seefarda Tbilisis yofil mers giorgi ugulavas.

21

tanili 58 gadawyvetilebidan, saias azriT, 9 gadawyvetileba (16%) iyo dausabuTebeli, rac aris mkveTrad ukeTesi Sedegi monitoringis Tavdapirvel periodebTan SedarebiT. qvemoT mocemuli diagrama asaxavs Sedegebs monitoringis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi (2011 wlis oqtombridan 2013 wlis dekembris CaTvliT). diagrama #4

am gadawyvetilebebs saia dausabuTeblad miiCnevs Semdegi mizezebis gamo: •

•

22

mosamarTleebma giraos Sefardebis Sesaxeb prokuraturis Suamdgomlobis dakmayofilebis gadawyvetileba miiRes prokuraturis mxridan saTanado dasabuTebis an braldebulis finansuri mdgomareobis Seswavlis gareSe. aseve, braldebulebi, romlebsac ar hyavdaT advokatebi da, ubralod, acxadebdnen, rom ar eTanxmebodnen braldebis mxaris moTxovnas, mosamarTleebma Semdgomi gamokvlevis gareSe Seufardes girao. braldebis mxaris moTxovnis miuxedavad, patimrobis nacvlad giraos dakisrebis SemTxvevebSi, mosamarTleebs ar gamoukvleviaT braldebulis finansuri mdgomareoba.

qvemoT moyvanilia dausabuTebeli giraos magaliTebi: •

2 pirs brali edeboda qurdobaSi.12 kerZod, braldebulebma moipares akumulatori, ris Semdegac isini nebayoflobiT gamocxaddnen policiaSi, aRiares danaSauli da iTanamSromles gamoZiebasTan. aRniSnuli pirebi manamde nasamarTlevi ar yofilan. amis miuxedavad, prokurorma moiTxova girao _ TiToeulisTvis 5000-5000 laris odenobiT. advokati iTxovda 2000 laris Sefardebas. sabolood, sasamarTlom erT braldebuls 4000, xolo meores _ 5000 laris odenobis girao Seufarda, Tanxis gadaxdamde ki patimrobaSi datova, rac yovlad Seusabamo RonisZieba iyo saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebidan gamomdinare.

•

pirs brali edeboda narkotikul danaSaulSi.13 analogiuri danaSaulis CadenisTvis igi warsulSi nasamarTlevi iyo. prokurorma moiTxova mis mimarT giraos saxiT 5000 laris dakisreba. braldebulma ganacxada, rom is da misi ojaxi iricxebodnen socialurad daucvelTa bazaSi da ar SeeZlo am Tanxis gadaxda. sxdomaze gairkva, rom piradad arc prokurors hqonda gamokvleuli braldebulis finansuri mdgomareoba, Tumca, Tavisi TanamSromlisgan icoda, rom braldebuli ar iyo socialurad daucveli. mosamarTlem prokuroris zepirsityvieri ganmartebis Semdeg braldebuls, yovelgvari dasabuTebis gareSe, giraos saxiT 4000 laris gadaxda daakisra.

12

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 177-e muxlis me-3 nawilis “a” da “b” qvepunqtebi.

13

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 260-e muxlis me-2 nawilis “a” qvepunqti.

23

giraos Sefardeba upovari braldebulisaTvis erT saqmeSi braldebuli iyo nigeriis moqalaqe, romelic Tbilisis quCebSi fuladi Semweobis TxovniT irCenda Tavs. mas brali edeboda patrulis manqanis dazianebaSi (ssk 187e muxlis 1-li nawili). ufro konkretulad, braldebulma sapatrulo manqanas qva esrola. braldebulis gancxadebiT, man es patrulze ganawyenebis gamo Caidina. prokuraturam aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxiT 1000 laris odenobiT giraos gamoyeneba moiTxova. miuxedavad dacvis argumentirebuli Suamdgomlobisa, rom braldebuli aRkveTis RonisZiebis gareSe gaTavisuflebuliyo, sasamarTlom mas 1000 laris odenobis girao Seufarda. es ki, faqtobrivad, patimrobis tolfasi iyo, radgan braldebuls misi gadaxdis araviTari saSualeba ar hqonda. saias mosazrebiT, am SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlos braldebuli aRkveTis RonisZiebis gareSe unda daetovebina, radgan: 1) braldebuls hqonda mudmivi sacxovrebeli adgili TbilisSi, sadac cxovrobda qiriT da, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, SesaZlebeli iyo misi moZebna; 2) braldebuli ver SeuSlida gamoZiebas xels da ver ganaxorcielebda mowmeebze zemoqmedebas, vinaidan mowmeebi iyvnen patrulis TanamSromlebi; 3) braldebuli 2006 wlis zafxulidan cxovrobda saqarTveloSi da am drois ganmavlobaSi erTxelac ar yofila SemCneuli raime samarTaldarRvevis faqtze.

•

14

mcirewlovani Svilis marCenal mamas brali edeboda narkotikul danaSaulSi.14 piri ar iyo warsulSi nasamarTlevi, aRiarebda danaSauls da iTxovda 2000 laris odenobiT giraos dakisrebas, radgan metis gadaxdis saSualeba ar hqonda. prokurorma patimroba moiTxova. mosamarTlem yovelgvari gamokvlevisa da dasabuTebis gareSe braldebuls 10 000 laris odenobis girao Seufarda, rac misi finansuri mdgomareobis araproporciuli iyo. im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki mosamarTles ar surda braldebulis patimrobaSi da-

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 265-e muxlis me-3 nawilis “a” qvepunqti.

24

toveba, mas giraos saxiT iseTi Tanxa unda Seefardebina, risi gadaxdis saSualebac braldebuls eqneboda. aRniSnuli gadawyvetilebis miRebisas ki, gaugebari darCa mosamarTlis motivacia. amasTan, saias SefasebiT, mosamarTles SeeZlo, ukeT ganemarta braldebulisaTvis aRkveTis sxva RonisZiebebis gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba da gamoerkvia, xom ar moiTxovda braldebuli romelime maTganis dakisrebas.

1.2.2. patimroba patimroba warmoadgens Tavisuflebis aRkveTas, Sesabamisad, aRkveTis RonisZiebis aRniSnuli zomis gamoyeneba, bralis sabolood damtkicebamde, pirovnebis Tavisuflebis uflebasTan kavSirSi unda ganixilebodes, rac demokratiul sazogadoebaSi erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani uflebaa.

Tavisuflebis ufleba garantirebulia saqarTvelos konstituciiT,15 adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciiT16 da saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT.17 zemoaRniSnuli normatiuli aqtebis Tanaxmad, braldebulis dapatimrebis safuZveli, bralis sabolood damtkicebamde, aris: a) piris mimalvis safrTxe; b) marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebisTvis xelSeSlis safrTxe; g) axali danaSaulis Cadenis Tavidan acileba. patimrobis gamoyeneba SeiZleba mxolod maSin, rodesac sxva saSualebebi araefeqturia. adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis18 da erovnuli saproceso kanonmdeblobis19 Tanaxmad, sasamarTlo valdebulia, mxareTa Suamdgomlobis SemTxvevaSi, patimrobis kanoniereba periodulad gadasinjos, xolo aseTi Suamdgomlobis ganxilvaze uari Tavisuflebis xelSeuxeblobis uflebis darRvevis WrilSi ganixileba.

15

saqarTvelos konstituciis me-18 muxlis 1-li da me-2 nawilebi.

16

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia, muxli 5.1.

17

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi, muxli 205.(1).

JÄ—Ä?ius v. Lithuania; The Right to Liberty and Security of the Person, A Guide to the Implementation of Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Monica Macovei, Human Rights Handbooks, No.5, Council of Europe, p.60-61.

18

19

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi, muxli 206.

25

gamovlenili Sedegebi erTi SexedviT, gauaresebuli mdgomareoba dafiqsirda am periodSi patimrobis, rogorc aRkveTis RonisZiebis gamoyenebis mimarTulebiT, Tumca, Tu sxva monacemebsac gadavxedavT, mdgomareoba jamSi mainc ukeTesobisken aris Secvlili. kerZod, wina saangariSo periodTan SedarebiT, prokuratura ufro xSirad iTxovda patimrobis Sefardebas, Tumca, braldebis mxaris Suamdgomlobebi patimrobis Taobaze ufro metad iyo dasabuTebuli. amasTan, roca braldebis mxaris Suamdgomloba patimrobis Sefardebis Taobaze ar iyo dasabuTebuli, sasamarTlo ufro iSviaTad akmayofilebda mas.20 pirvel ganxilvaze warmodgenili 106 braldebulidan prokuraturam patimroba moiTxova 58 SemTxvevaSi (55%), rac yvelaze maRali procentuli maCvenebelia monitoringis dasawyisidan (2011 wlis oqtomberi). aqedan sasamarTlom braldebis mxaris Suamdgomloba 45 SemTxvevaSi (78%) daakmayofila. qvemoT moyvanili diagrama asaxavs am mimarTulebiT monitoringis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi gamovlenil Sedegebs (2011 wlis oqtombridan 2013 wlis dekembris CaTvliT): diagrama #5

20 aRniSnuli saias mier pirvelad dafiqsirda monitoringis wina periodSi, 2011 wlis oqtombridan, rodesac saiam daiwyo sasamarTlo sxdomebis dakvirveba. 2012 wlis oqtombramde msgavsi SemTxveva, roca sasamarTlo ar daeTanxma prokuraturis Suamdgomlobas patimrobis Sefardebis Sesaxeb, saias ar daufiqsirebia.

26

diagrama #6

patimrobis Sefardebis 45 SemTxvevidan, saiam mxolod eqvsi (13%) miiCnia dausabuTeblad, rodesac prokuraturas ar hqonda sakmarisi argumentebi patimrobis SefardebisTvis. dausabuTebeli patimrobis magaliTi sasamarTlom daakmayofila braldebis mxaris Suamdgomloba im piris mimarT patimrobis Sefardebis Sesaxeb, romelsac bralad cecxlsasroli iaraRis marTlsawinaaRmdego SeZena-Senaxva da tareba edeboda (ssk 236-e muxli 1-li da me-2 nawilebi). aRniSnuli naklebad mZime danaSauls warmoadgens. prokuraturam ganacxada, rom braldebuli SeiZleba mimaluliyo, zemoqmedeba moexdina mowmeebze da gaegrZelebina danaSaulebrivi qmedeba, Tumca, man amis damadasturebeli verc erTi mtkicebuleba ver warmoadgina. dacvam ganacxada, rom saqmeSi erTaderTi mowme policieli iyo, ris gamoc masze zewola ver moxdeboda. garda amisa, mimalvisa da danaSualebrivi qmedebis mosalodneli gagrZeleba warmoadgenda mxolod varauds da ar iyo gamyarebuli raime mtkicebulebiT. aqedan gamomdinare, dacva ar daeTanxma patimrobis gamoyenebas da moiTxova giraos Sefardeba, Tumca, sasamarTlom mainc patimroba gamoiyena.

27

wina periodebTan SedarebiT, dausabuTebeli patimrobebis procentuli maCvenebeli mniSvnelovnad aris Semcirebuli, rac udavod mniSvnelovani miRwevaa. qvemoT mocemuli diagrama asaxavs monitoringis mTeli periodis Sedegebs: diagrama #7

1.2.3. piradi Tavdeboba monitoringis mimdinareobis periodSi gamarTuli pirveli wardgenis sxdomebze dacvis mxridan piradi Tavdebobis, rogorc aRkveTis RonisZiebis, SeTavazeba dafiqsirda 106-dan 3 braldebulTan mimarTebiT. aRniSnuli 3 SeTavazebidan mosamarTlem mxolod 1 SemTxvevaSi daakmayofila piradi Tavdeboba, radgan danarCen 2 SemTxvevaSi sxdomaze warmodgenili ar yofila Tavmdebi piri. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, saia miiCnevs, rom aseT dros mosamarTles SeuZlia, sxdomaze gamoacxados Sesveneba, Tuki darwmundeba, rom am vadaSi Tavmdebi piri moaxerxebs sxdomaze misvlas da SesaZlebeli iqneba piradi Tavdebobis gamoyeneba. adgili hqonda aseve SemTxvevebs, roca, saias mosazrebiT, naklebad mZime danaSaulebisas, marTalia braldebuls Tavad ar mouTxovia, Tumca, SesaZlebeli iyo piradi Tavdebobis gamoyeneba. aseT saqmeebSi, saia miiCnevs, rom mosamarTles sakuTari iniciativiT SeeZlo, gamoerkvia piradi Tavdebobis Sefardebis SesaZlebloba (magaliTad, srulyofilad ganemarta braldebulisaTvis aRkveTis RonisZiebis sxva sax-

28

eebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb; ekiTxa, xom ar iyo darbazSi SesaZlo Tavmdebi piri) da gadawyvetileba amis Semdeg mieRo. 1.2.4. SeTanxmeba gausvlelobisa da saTanado qcevis Sesaxeb SeTanxmeba gausvlelobisa da saTanado qcevis Sesaxeb SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxiT, Tu pirs bralad edeba danaSauli, romelic ar iTvaliswinebs Tavisuflebis aRkveTas erT welze meti vadiT.21 monitoringis periodSi, kanonmdeblobidan gamomdinare, 14 braldebulis mimarT SesaZlebeli iyo am saxis aRkveTis RonisZiebis Sefardeba, Tumca, sasamarTlom is mxolod erT SemTxvevaSi gamoiyena. aRniSnuli RonisZiebis gamoyeneba sasamarTlos mier moxda meored, saias monitoringis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi. samwuxarod, danarCen 13 SemTxvevaSi, mosamarTles ar ucdia, emsjela aRniSnuli alternatiuli RonisZiebis Sefardebis SesaZleblobaze, Sesabamisad, gamoiyena girao da patimroba. alternatiuli RonisZiebis gamoyenebis dadebiTi magaliTi pirs brali edeboda narkotikul danaSaulSi (ssk 273-e muxli). sainteresoa, rom procesSi ar monawileobda advokati da braldebuli Tavs TviTon icavda. am saqmeSi mosamarTlem srulyofilad ganaxorciela Tavisi movaleoba da braldebuls misTvis gasagebad ganumarta uflebebi da aRkveTis RonisZiebis sxva saxeebis gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba. amis Semdeg braldebulma moiTxova, rom mas saTanado qcevisa da gausvlelobis Sesaxeb SeTanxmeba dakisreboda, rac mosamarTlem daakmayofila. es aris naTeli magaliTi imisa, Tu rogor unda iqceodes sasamarTlo yvela msgavs SemTxvevaSi.

21

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi, muxli 202.

29

1.2.5. samxedro mosamsaxuris qcevisadmi sardlobis meTvalyureoba samxedro mosamsaxuris qcevisadmi sardlobis meTvalyureoba aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxea, romelic SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes samxedro mosamsaxuris mimarT.22 aRniSnuli monitoringis periodSi ar dafiqsirebula arc erTi SemTxveva, rodesac SesaZlebeli iqneboda am RonisZiebis gamoyeneba.

1.3. saqmeTa ganxilvis winaswari gamoqveyneba pirveli wardgenis sxdomaTa monitoringma aseve daadastura arsebuli proceduruli problemebi, romlebic braldebuls arTmevs sajaro ganxilvis uflebas, rac garantirebulia saqarTvelos konstituciiT,23 adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciiT24 da saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT.25 imisaTvis, rom es ufleba efeqturad gamoiyenebodes, sakmarisi ar aris, rom sazogadoebas mxolod sisxlis samarTlis saqmis ganxilvaze daswrebis ufleba hqondes. sazogadoebas aseve aqvs ufleba, winaswar iyos informirebuli saqmis mosmenis Sesaxeb, raTa hqondes sxdomaze daswrebis SesaZlebloba. aqedan gamomdinare, sajaro ganxilvis ufleba sasamarTlos avaldebulebs, winaswar gamoaqveynos pirveli mosmenis dro da adgili, braldebulis sruli saxeli da gvari, aseve, muxlebi, romliTac brali aqvs wayenebuli.

gamovlenili Sedegebi: im 87 pirveli wardgenis sxdomidan, romelTa monitoringsac saia axorcielebda, kvlav arc erTis Sesaxeb ar gamoqveynebula informacia winaswar (64 sxdoma gaimarTa Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi, 23 _ quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi).

22

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi, muxli 204.

23

saqarTvelos konsititucia, muxli 85.

24 25

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia, muxli 6.1. saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi, muxli 10.

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pirveli wardgenis sxdomaTa Sesaxeb informaciis gamouqveyneblobis problema, 2011 wlis oqtombridan moyolebuli, anu mas Semdeg, rac monitoringis ganxorcieleba daiwyo, saias yvela angariSSi aisaxa. sakiTxze yuradRebis gamaxvilebis miuxedavad, situacia ucvleli rCeba. sasamarTlo sistemis warmomadgenlebi acxadebdnen, rom amis mizezi teqnikuri SezRudvebi iyo, rac ukavSirdeboda pirveli wardgenis sxdomebis Catarebas braldebulis dakavebidan 24 saaTis ganmavlobaSi. amasTan, gamoTqvamdnen mzadyofnas aRniSnuli teqnikuri problemebis mogvarebis kuTxiT. dapirebis miuxedavad, am mimarTulebiT dRemde araviTari RonisZieba gatarebula. saia imedovnebs, rom sasamarTlo uaxloes momavalSi moaxerxebs aRniSnuli problemis mogvarebas. am mxriv, viTareba garkveulwilad ukeTesia quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi, sadac, marTalia, mosmenis TariRebi eleqtronul monitorebze ar qveyndeba, rogorc Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi, magram, ganxilvis dawyebamde ramdenime xniT adre, sasamarTlos misaRebSi mandaturi acxadebs informacias CaniSnuli sxdomis adgilisa da braldebulis vinaobis Sesaxeb. Tumca, igi ar acxadebs wayenebul brals. saia miiCnevs, rom quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi arsebuli gamocxadebis meTodi ar aris srulyofili, radgan pirs, romelsac surs pirveli wardgenis sxdomaze daswreba, ar SeuZlia daadginos dro da adgili gonivruli vadiT adre. ufro metic, sazogadoebas ar ecnobeba braldebis Sesaxeb.

Tumca, saias azriT, es aris gonivruli droebiTi zoma, sanam sasamarTlos administracia teqnikur sakiTxebs gadawyvets.

II. winasasamarTlo sxdomebi winasasamarTlo sxdomaze sasamarTlo arkvevs im mtkicebulebaTa dasaSvebobis sakiTxs, romlebic ZiriTad sxdomaze ganixileba. es etapi ukiduresad mniSvnelovania, radganac mxolod dasaSveb mtkicebulebaze dayrdnobiT gamoaqvs mosamarTles ganaCeni saqmis arsebiTi ganxilvis Sedegad. garda amisa, am etapzeve miiReba gadawyvetileba, sisxlis samarTlebrivi devna Sewydes Tu gagrZeldes saqmis ganxilva

31

arsebiTad.26 sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba winasasamarTlo sxdomaze dayenebuli Suamdgomlobis mimarT unda iyos obieqturi da miukerZoebeli orive mxaris mimarT. braldebulis uflebas miukerZoebel samarTalwarmoebaze aRiarebs saqarTvelos konstituciis 84-e muxli, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-6 muxli da garantirebulia saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT. miuxedavad imisa, rom winasasamarTlo sxdomebi, rogorc wesi, exeba mtkicebulebaTa dasaSvebobas, mxareebs aseve SeuZliaT, daayenon sxva Suamdgomlobebic.

gamovlenili Sedegebi Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom saias mier monitoringis dawyebidan moyolebuli (2011 wlis oqtomberi), am saangariSo periodSi pirvelad dafiqsirda SemTxveva, rodesac sasamarTlom winasasamarTlo ganxilvis etapze Sewyvita sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna (saqmis aRwera mocemulia qvemoT, specialur CarCoSi). devnis Sewyveta sasamarTlos mier aRniSnul sxdomaze sasamarTlom dauSvebel mtkicebulebad cno braldebulis piradi Cxrekis oqmi da narkotikuli saSualeba, romelic, braldebis mtkicebiT, braldebuls jibeSi aRmoaCnda. mosamarTlem miiCnia, rom sxva mtkicebulebaTa erToblioba, romlebic dasaSvebad iqna cnobili, ar iZleoda albaTobis maRal xarisxs, rom braldebulis mimarT dadgeboda gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni. swored amis safuZvelze, mosamarTlem sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna Sewyvita da braldebuls Sefardebuli aRkveTis RonisZieba mouxsna.

26 sasamarTlom unda Sewyvitos samarTlebrivi devna, Tu is maRali albaTobiT daadgens, rom prokuraturis mier warmodgenili mtkicebulebiT ar dgindeba braldebulis mier danaSaulis Cadena.

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sxva mxriv, monitoringis mimdinare periodis dakvirvebis Sedegebi TiTqmis srulad emTxveva wina periodSi gamovlenil Sedegebs, 1 gamonaklisis garda. sasamarTlo amjeradac ZiriTadad eTanxmeba braldebis mxaris Suamdgomlobas wardgenili mtkicebulebebis daSvebis Sesaxeb, xolo dacva, eTanxmeba braldebis mxaris Suamdgomlobebs. miuxedavad amisa, wina saangariSo periodTan SedarebiT, dacvis winaaRmdegoba prokuroris Suamdgomlobebze 21%-dan 37%-mde gaizarda. gasuli periodis msgavsad, dacva metwilad aqtiuri iyo e.w. gaxmaurebul saqmeebSi _ igi waradgenda mtkicebulebebs da, aseve, moiTxovda braldebis mxaris mier wardgenili zogierTi mtkicebulebis dauSveblad cnobas. winasasamarTlo sxdomebze dakvirvebis Sedegad, gamovlinda Semdegi saintereso tendenciebi: • 83 winasasamarTlo sxdomidan oci gadaido. darCenil 63 SemTxvevaSi, prokuraturam daayena Suamdgomlobebi mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Sesaxeb. aqedan 3 sxdoma gadaido manam, sanam mosamarTle gadawyvetilebas miiRebda. darCenili 60 saqmidan sasamarTlom 57 SemTxvevaSi srulad daakmayofila braldebis mxaris yvela Suamdgomloba warmodgenili mtkicebulebebis dasaSvebobis Sesaxeb, 2 SemTxvevaSi ki _ nawilobriv. 1 SemTxvevaSi, saias monitoringis mTeli istoriis manZilze pirvelad, sasamarTlom ar daakmayofila braldebis mxaris Suamdgomloba mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Sesaxeb da, sabolood, Sewyvita devna. wina oTx saangariSo periodSi, jamurad, sasamarTlom daakmayofila braldebis mxaris yvela 251 Suamdgomloba, miuxedavad imisa, rom dacva ar daeTanxma 30 maTgans.

• prokuraturis 63 Suamdgomlobidan 11-s dacva ar daeTanxma. aRniSnuli 11 protestidan sasamarTlom or SemTxvevaSi _ nawilobriv, erT SemTxvevaSi ki _ srulad, dauSveblad cno prokuraturis mier wardgenili mtkicebulebebi.

• dacvam mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Taobaze Suamdgomloba daayena 62-dan mxolod 23 SemTxvevaSi (37%).27 27 63 sxdomidan 1 gadaido manam, sanam dacva daayenebda Suamdgomlobas mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Sesaxeb.

33

•

23 SemTxvevidan, sadac dacvam Suamdgomloba waradgina, 9 gaxmaurebuli saqme iyo (39%).

•

23-dan 16 SemTxvevaSi (amaSi Sedis 2 saqme 9 gaxmaurebuli saqmidan) prokuratura daeTanxma aRniSnul Suamdgomlobebs. sasamarTlo srulad daeTanxma dacvis 20 Suamdgomlobas mtkicebulebis wardgenis Sesaxeb. aqedan 6 iyo gaxmaurebuli saqme da danarCeni 14 _ Cveulebrivi. 3 sxdoma gadaido mosamarTlis mier gadawyvetilebis miRebamde.

•

63 winasasamarTlo sxdomidan mxolod 22-ze dadga sxva saxis Suamdgomloba mtkicebulebis wardgenis SuamdgomlobebTan erTad (maT Soris, eqvsi iyo gaxmaurebul saqmeze); amaTgan 20 Suamdgomloba waradgina dacvis mxarem, 2 ki _braldebam. 5 Suamdgomloba exeboda aRkveTis RonisZiebis Secvlas, 3 _ gauqmebas, 9 exeboda braldebis moxsnas, 1 _ advokatis gamoyofas saproceso SeTanxmebis gaformebis mizniT, 1 Suamdgomloba Seexeboda braldebulisaTvis axloblebTan telefoniT kontaqtis uflebis miniWebas, 1 _ prokuroris acilebas, 1 _ quTaisis sasamarTlos acilebas28 da 1 _ braldebis Sesaxeb Suamdgomlobis dauSveblad cnobas.29 aRniSnuli 22 Suamdgomlobidan sasamarTlom 8 daakmayofila, maT Soris, 1 _ braldebis Suamdgomloba da 7 _ dacvis.

28 es Suamdgomloba dadga erT-erT gaxmaurebul saqmeSi ivane merabiSvilis (Sinagan saqmeTa yofili ministri da yofili premier ministri) da zurab WiaberaSvilis (Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis yofili ministri) saqmeSi. merabiSvilis dacvam moiTxova mTlianad quTaisis sasamarTlos acileba da saqmis Tbilisis sasamarTloSi ganxilva, radgan quTaisis sasamarTlo mikerZoebulad miiCnia. amis safuZveli ki Semdegi iyo: quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom merabiSvils aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxed Suefarda patimroba. es gadawyvetileba dacvam quTaisis saapelacio sasamarTloSi gaasaCivra. saapelacio sasamarTloSi es saCivari unda ganexila sisxlis samarTlis kolegias. saapelacio sasamarTlos Tavmjdomarem sakuTari Tavi gadaiyvana sisxlis samarTlis kolegiis SemadgenlobaSi da Tavad ganixila es saCivari. saapelacio sasamarTlos Tavmjdomarem gasaCivrebuli aRkveTis RonisZieba ZalaSi datova. swored am faqtis gamo miiCnia dacvam quTaisis sasamarTlo mikerZoebulad da iTxova saqmis Tbilisis sasamarTloSi ganxilva.

29

igive.

34

III. saproceso SeTanxmebis sxdomebi saproceso SeTanxmeba samarTalwarmoebis daCqarebuli saxea, sadac dacvasa da braldebas Soris formdeba SeTanxmeba bralsa an sasjelze, bralis aRiarebiT, an mis gareSe. sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 213-e muxlis Tanaxmad, mosamarTle amowmebs, aris Tu ara braldebulisTvis wayenebuli braldebebi dasabuTebuli da samarTliania Tu ara prokuraturis SuamdgomlobaSi warmodgenili SeTanxmebuli sasjeli. imisaTvis, rom uzrunvelyos sasjelis samarTlianoba, mosamarTlem unda ganixilos arsebuli garemoebebi, braldebulis individualuri maxasiaTeblebi, danaSaulis Cadenis garemoebebi da SeTanxmebuli sasjeli.30 kanoni ar akonkretebs, Tu rogor unda moxdes sasjelis samarTlianobis uzrunvelyofa. Tumca, sasjelis Sefardebis zogadi principebis Tanaxmad, magaliTad, jarimis Sefardebisas, mosamarTles SeuZlia gamoarkvios: rogoria braldebulis finansuri mdgomareoba; SeuZlia Tu ara mas jarimis gadaxda; aris Tu ara jarimis Tanxa miyenebuli zianis Sesabamisi; garemoebebi, romlebSic danaSauli iqna Cadenili da mosalodneli sasjelis zoma. garda amisa, kanonis Tanaxmad, Tu mosamarTle miiCnevs, rom saproceso SeTanxmeba ar akmayofilebs saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis moTxovnebs, mosamarTles SeuZlia, mxareebs SesTavazos saproceso SeTanxmeba Secvlili pirobebiT.31 es aniWebs mosamarTles SezRudul, magram garkveul berkets, zegavlena moaxdinos sasjelis samarTlianobaze. aRsaniSnavia, rom iusticiis saministros mier inicirebul kanonproeqtSi saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setanis Sesaxeb,32 romelzec jer kidev mimdinareobs muSaoba, mosamarTles eniWeba uflebamosileba, Seitanos cvlileba saproceso SeTanxmebis pirobebSi mxareTa TanxmobiT, aseve, daniSnos Suamd30

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, muxli 53.3.

31

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi, muxli 213.5.

sakanonmdeblo macne, https://matsne.gov.ge/index.php?option=com_ ldmssearch&view=docView&id=2083606&lang=ge.

32

35

gomlobiT moTxovnil sasjelze naklebad mkacri sasjeli mxareTa Tanxmobis gareSe. aRniSnul cvlilebas saia miesalmeba, ramdenadac igi emsaxureba braldebulis samarTlebrivi mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas da mosamarTlis rolis gazrdas.

gamovlenili Sedegebi: msgavsad sasamarTlo monitoringis wina periodebisa, mimdinare saangariSo periodSic, saproceso SeTanxmebis ganxilvisas, sasamarTlo TiTqmis yovelTvis pasiuri iyo. sakiTxis ganxilvisas mosamarTle izRudeboda misi saqmianobis proceduruli valdebulebebiT da braldebulisTvis formaluri kiTxvis dasmiT imis Sesaxeb, eTanxmeba Tu ara saproceso SeTanxmebis gaformebas. mosamarTle aseTi pasiurobiT arRvevs mis mimarT arsebul valdebulebas, darwmundes SeTanxmebuli sasjelis samarTlianobaSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom saproceso SeTanxmebis gaformeba gaxmaurebul saqmeebSi ar momxdara. wina periodidan moyolebuli TiTqmis ucvleli darCa im saproceso SeTanxmebebis procentuli wili, rodesac braldebuls jarima daekisra. qvemoT mocemuli diagrama asaxavs situacias monitoringis bolo sami periodis manZilze (2012 wlis ivlisidan 2013 wlis dekembris CaTvliT). diagrama #8

36

garda amisa, kidev Semcirda dakisrebuli jarimebis odenobebi. mimdinare periodSi 40 saproceso SeTanxmeba gaformda jarimis dakisrebiT, ramac jamSi sul 74.000 lari Seadgina (saSualod, TiToeul saproceso SeTanxmebaze 1.850 lari). qvemoT mocemuli diagrama asaxavs situacias monitoringis bolo sami periodis manZilze (2012 wlis ivlisidan 2013 wlis dekembris CaTvliT). diagrama #9

mimdinare monitoringis periodSi jarimebis odenoba meryeobda 500-dan 5000 laramde. wina periodSi ki _ 1000-dan 6000 laramde. am saangariSo periodSi sazogadoebrivad sasargeblo Sromis gamoyenebis maCvenebeli ucvleli darCa da, gasuli saangariSo periodis (ianvari-ivnisi, 2013) msgavsad, kvlav 7%-s Seadgens. Tumca, unda aRiniSnos, rom mesame saangariSo periodSi (ivlisi-dekemberi, 2012) es maCvenebeli mxolod 1% iyo. saias monitorebma daafiqsires mxolod erTi SemTxveva (romelic specialur CarCoSia gamoyofili), sadac mosamarTlem dasva damatebiTi SekiTxvebi imis gansasazRvrad, iyo Tu ara saproceso SeTanxmeba samarTliani.

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saqme, sadac mosamarTle sasjelis samarTlianobiT dainteresda saqme Seexeboda Zarcvas, Tumca, naZarcvi qoneba warmoadgenda mxolod 1 qila luds. mosamarTle Seecada saproceso SeTanxmebiT gaTvaliswinebuli sasjelis samarTlianobis dadgenas da prokurors hkiTxa, 6 TviT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa ratom miaCnda mas samarTlianad maSin, roca saqme Seexeboda 1 cali 0.5 litriani ludis boTlis zarals, romlis Rirebulebac sul 2 lari da 70 TeTri iyo. prokurorma ganacxada, rom vinaidan danaSauli iyo araerTgzisi (piri manamde nasamarTlevi iyo imave danaSaulisTvis), kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili mosalodneli sasjelidan gamomdinare, es iyo samarTliani moTxovna. amis Semdeg mosamarTlem braldebulsac hkiTxa, samarTlianad miaCnda Tu ara mas es sasjeli da misi Tanxmobis Semdeg daamtkica saproceso SeTanxmeba. meore SemTxvevaSi, dafiqsirda sasamarTlos realuri mcdeloba, gaerkvia, dado Tu ara braldebulma saproceso SeTanxmeba misi Sedegebis sruli gacnobierebis safuZvelze da miiRo Tu ara saTanado iuridiuli konsultacia. aRniSnuli magaliTi detalurad ganxilulia dacvis uflebis qveTavSi. monitoringis dros saiam agreTve gamoavlina erTi SemTxveva, rodesac saproceso SeTanxmebis ganxilvis dawyebamde, darbazSi Semosulma braldebulis axlobelma prokurors gadasca winaswar gadaxdili jarimis mwvane qviTari. aRniSnuli kidev erTxel miuTiTebs sasamarTlos formalur rolze saproceso SeTanxmebis ganxilvis dros, ra drosac mxareebs aqvT molodini, rom saproceso SeTanxmeba sasamarTlos mier nebismier SemTxvevaSi damtkicdeba. jarimis gadaxdis qviTrebis prokurorebisaTvis winaswar gadacemis tendencia Zalian xSiri iyo monitoringis Tavdapirvel periodSi, Tumca, wina saangariSo periodSi msgavsi faqti aRar dafiqsirebula.

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b. dakvirvebis Sedegebi calkeuli uflebis mixedviT I. mxareTa Tanasworobis da SejibrebiTobis principi mxareTa Tanasworoba da SejibrebiToba sisxlis samarTlis saqmis warmoebis ZiriTadi principebia, rac dadgenilia saqarTvelos konstituciis 42-e muxliT, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-6 muxliT da saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis me-9 da 25-e muxlebiT. am principebis Tanaxmad, mxareebs aqvT ufleba, warmoadginon mtkicebulebebi da isargeblon Tanabari uflebebiT saqmis msvlelobisas.33 am uflebis dasacavad, mosamarTlem unda uzrunvelyos mxareTa Tanasworoba sasamarTlo procesis mimdinareobisas da misces mxareebs Tanabari SesaZlebloba, gamoikvlion mtkicebulebebi. garda amisa, mosamarTle ar unda gascdes wardgenili braldebis farglebs, aramed unda SemoizRudos mxareTa mier warmodgenili poziciebiT. mxareTa Tanasworobis principis dacva gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania sisxlis samarTlis warmoebis procesSi, sadac braldebis mxare Sesabamisi saxelmwifo resursiT da ZalauflebiT sargeblobs, xolo dacvis mxares aseTi upiratesoba ar gaaCnia.

gamovlenili Sedegebi: saias dakvirvebis Sedegad gamovlinda, rom mosamarTleebi umetesad moqmedebdnen TavianTi uflebamosilebis farglebSi, uzrunvelyofdnen, raTa yvela mxares hqonoda Tanabari SesaZlebloba sakuTari interesebis warmosadgenad. umetes SemTxvevaSi, mosamarTleebi ar ereodnen mowmeTa dakiTxvaSi, warmatebiT icavdnen wesrigs sasamarTlo darbazSi da uzrunvelyofdnen mxareTa Tanasworobas. miuxedavad amisa, saiam daafiqsira garkveuli xarvezebi da sasamarTlos araerTgvarovani praqtika rig sakiTxebTan mimarTebiT:

33

saqarTvelos konstitucia, muxli 42.6.

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sasamarTlos araerTgvarovani midgoma hqonda gamoZiebis etapze mopovebuli mtkicebulebebis sxdomaze gamokvlevis procesSi. sasamarTlo, zog SemTxvevaSi, uflebas aZlevda advokats, moexdina gamoZiebis stadiaze micemuli mowmis Cvenebis citireba an am Cvenebidan daesva misTvis kiTxvebi, xolo zog SemTxvevaSi, advokats amis ufleba ar eZleoda. msgavsi faqtebi dafiqsirda 2 gaxmaurebul saqmeSic. kerZod, ivane merabiSvilis34 sxdomebze mosamarTle aZlevda advokatebs uflebas, daesvaT aseTi SekiTxvebi, baCana axalaias35 sxdomebze ki _ ara.

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sasamarTlo araerTgvarovnad wyvetda mowmisaTvis dasmuli SekiTxvis ganridebis sakiTxs. ivane merabiSvilis sxdomebze, rodesac mxare ukve pasuxgacemul kiTxvasTan dakavSirebiT gamoTqvamda protests, mosamarTle pasuxobda, rom protesti daagviana da SekiTxvas dasaSvebad miiCnevda, xolo baCana axalaias sxdomebze mosamarTle aseT kiTxvasac da pasuxsac dauSvebel mtkicebulebad cnobda.

saia miiCnevs, rom am mimarTulebiT mniSvnelovania sasamarTlos erTgvarovani praqtikis Camoyalibeba, raTa gamoiricxos SerCeviTi marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebis SesaZlebloba, mxareebi Tanabar pirobebSi iqnen Cayenebuli da mieceT saSualeba, winaswar gansazRvron TavianTi poziciebisaTvis sasargeblo strategia. saiam agreTve gamoavlina sasamarTlos araTanaswori midgoma braldebulTa mimarT erT-erT gaxmaurebul saqmeSi. kerZod: •

nikoloz gvaramias36 saqmeSi, romelTan erTadac sxva yofili maRali Tanamdebobis pirebic iyvnen braldebulebi, mosamarTlem braldebulebs ganusazRvra

34 ivane merabiSvili – Sinagan saqmeTa yofili ministri da yofili premier ministri.

35 baCana (baCo) axalaia ukanasknel dromde iyo Tavdacvis ministri, manmade ki sasjelaRsrulebis sistemis xelmZrvaneli.

36 nikoloz (nika) gvaramia iyo ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis ministri; manmade is iyo iusticiis ministry; aseve imyofeboda sxva maRal Tanamdebobebze mTavrobaSi. amJamad satelevizio kompania rusTavi 2-is direqtoria.

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mxolod 10-10 wuTi saboloo sityvis saTqmelad da yvela maTgans mkacrad mosTxova am droSi Cateva. mosamarTlem nikoloz gvaramias misca SesaZlebloba, TiTqmis 30 wuTi esaubra da mxolod ramdenjerme msubuqad Seaxsena, rom dro iwureboda, Tumca, amis miuxedavad misca saSualeba, sxva braldebulebTan SedarebiT 3-jer ufro meti droiT esargebla.

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amave saqmeSi, rodesac erT-erTi braldebuli, aleqsandre xeTaguri,37 prokurors `arakompetenturad~ moixseniebda, prokuroris protestis Semdeg mosamarTle axsenebda mas, rom daecva koreqtuloba. xolo rodesac nikoloz gvaramiamac imave terminiT moixsenia prokurori, am ukanasknelis protestze mosamarTlem upasuxa, rom `arakompetenturi~ ar niSnavs Seuracxyofas.

saiam agreTve daafiqsira sasamarTlos araerTgvarovani damokidebuleba sasamarTlo darbazebSi wesrigis dacvis kuTxiT. rig SemTxvevebSi, sasamarTlo iyo araadekvaturad lmobieri, rac azaralebda procesis efeqturad warmarTvas, sxva SemTxvevaSi ki _ araadekvaturad mkacri. magaliTad: •

erT sxdomaze mosamarTles Zalian uWirda wesrigis dacva, damswre pirebi xmaurobdnen da erTmaneTs eCxubebodnen, mosamarTle ki mxolod gafrTxilebiT Semoifargleboda, ar iyenebda misTvis kanoniT miniWebul ufro mkacr RonisZiebebs da, realurad, ver axerxebda sxdomaTa darbazSi arsebuli situaciis marTvas.

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sxva saqmeSi, sadac damswre pirebi Riad da sakmaod xmamaRla aginebdnen prokurors, mandaturi mxolod mcire SeniSvnebiT Semoifargleboda. saTanado reagireba arc mosamarTles mouxdenia.

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amis sapirispirod, gaxmaurebul saqmeSi,38 sadac darbazSi iyo xalxmravloba da mcire xmauri SeiniSneboda, mosamarTlem ganacxada, rom xmauris gagrZelebis SemTxvevaSi, sxdomas daxurulad gamoacxadebda.

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aleqsandre xeTaguri –energetikis yofili ministri.

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giorgi ugulavas (Tbilisis yofili meri) saqme.

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kidev erT Cveulebriv saqmeSi mosamarTle gansakuTrebul simkacres iCenda braldebulTa mimarT da advokatTan yovel gadalaparakebaze SeniSvnas aZlevda. amiT igi safrTxes uqmnida dacvis uflebis ganxorcielebas sasamarTlo sxdomaze. amave procesze mosamarTlem darbazidan gaaZeva erT-erTi damswre mxolod imis gamo, rom erTxel xmadabla gadaulaparaka gverdze mjdoms, rasac, realurad, sxdomaze wesrigi ar daurRvevia. mosamarTles SeeZlo, Tavdapirvelad RonisZiebis yvelaze msubuqi forma _ gafrTxileba gamoeyenebina.

sxva daskvnebi:

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281 arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdomidan (amaSi Sedis nafici msajulebis monawileobiT Catarebuli 11 sxdoma), romlebsac saias monitorebi eswrebodnen, ori daxuruli sxdoma iyo. danarCeni 279 sxdomidan 120-Si daikiTxnen mowmeebi. am 120 saqmidan 18-Si mosamarTlem kiTxvebi dausva mowmeebs. 18 saqmidan mosamarTlem saproceso moTxovnebi daarRvia oTx SemTxvevaSi, rodesac kiTxvebi dausva mowmes mxareTa Tanxmobis gareSe. es monacemi gaumjobesebulia monitoringis Tavdapirvel saangariSo periodebTan SedarebiT, rodesac mosamarTleebi xSirad svamdnen SekiTxvebs procesualuri moTxovnebis darRveviT, Tumca, gauaresebulia wina saangariSo periodTan SedarebiT, rodesac mosamarTlem mxolod 1 SemTxvevaSi dasva kiTxva unebarTvod.

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erTi arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdomaze mosamarTle SeiWra prokuroris uflebamosilebaSi da Tavad gansazRvra gamosakvlev mtkicebulebaTa rigiToba. kerZod, mosamarTlem Tavis magidasTan miatanina gamosakvlev mtkicebulebaTa yvela fuTa da Tavad gadawyvita, romeli mtkicebulebis gamokvleviT daewyo. prokurorma gamoTqva survili, rom jer sxva mtkicebuleba gamoekvliaT, razec mosamarTlem upasuxa: `magas ra mniSvneloba aqvs, momeciT, momeciT fuTebi~ da TviTon gadawyvita, Tu romeli fuTiT daewyo. mosamarTle Tavad kiTxulobda momdevno daluquli paketebis

saxelebs da prokurors amis gakeTebis saSualebas ar aZlevda. aRniSnuliT mosamarTlem daarRvia Tanasworobisa da SejibrebiTobis principi, vinaidan braldebas saSualeba ar misca, Tavisi strategiis mixedviT warmoedgina gamosakvlevi mtkicebulebebi.

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ramdenime arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdomaze uzrunvelyofili ar iyo ukve dakiTxuli da dasakiTxi mowmeebis gancalkeveba. mowmeebi darbazis gareT idgnen da erTmaneTs uyvebodnen, Tu ra Cveneba misces.39 amis aRsakveTad ki, aravis araferi uRonia. Tumca, erTerT sxdomaze, rodesac procesze damswre pirma mandaturs aniSna, rom dakiTxuli mowme, romelic gareT gavida, danarCen dasakiTx mowmeebs esaubreboda, mandaturma dakiTxul mowmes mouwoda, qveda sarTulze Casuliyo.40

mowmis dacvis garantiebis simcire nafic msajulTa mier saqmis arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdomaze, romelzec mowme ikiTxeboda, naTlad gamoCnda, rom mowmis dacvis garantiebi ar aris srulad uzrunvelyofili sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kanonmdeblobiT. kerZod, mowmes, romelic sasamarTloSi Cvenebas aZlevda, aSkarad etyoboda daSinebis kvali. igi iyo mcirewlovani bavSvis martoxela deda. braldebulis SekiTxvebze misi pasuxebis Sinaarsi da emociuri foni (nervuli daZabuloba da SiSi, romelic gamoixateboda saxis gamometyvelebasa da xmis tembrze) aSkarad miuTiTebda, rom daSinebis Sedegs warmoadgenda konkretuli Sinaarsis Cveneba, romliTac igi braldebulebis dakavebas aRwerda. am sxdomaze prokurorma formalurad dausva SekiTxva mowmes, daeqvemdebara Tu ara igi raime saxis daSinebas, Za39 sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 118-e muxlis me-2 nawilis mixedviT, „mowme unda daikiTxos sxva mowmeTagan gancalkevebiT. amasTanave, sasamarTlo iRebs zomebs, raTa erT saqmeze gamoZaxebul mowmeebs dakiTxvis damTavrebamde erTmaneTTan urTierToba ar hqondeT.“ 40 gaxmaurebuli saqme guram CalagaSvilis (erovnuli maregulirebeli komisiis yofili Tavmjdomare) winaaRmdeg.

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ladobas an sxva saxis ukanono qmedebas gamoZiebis etapze. aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT mowmis uaryofiTma pasuxma ver gaaqarwyla eWvi mis mimarT gamovlenili zewolis Sesaxeb. mosamarTles ar gamouxatavs raime reaqcia, magaliTad, prokurorisTvis ar miuniSnebia dacvis specialuri RonisZiebis gamoyenebis saWiroebaze. niSandoblivia, rom saproceso kanonmdeblobiT, mosamarTle moklebulia SesaZleblobas, miiRos Sesabamisi zomebi mowmis usafrTxoebis mizniT. sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT, es uflebamosileba mTlianad prokurors eniWeba (sssk, muxli 67-71). yovelive es miuTiTebs kanonmdeblobis xarvezze, vinaidan igi srulyofilad ar aregulirebs procesis monawilisa da mowmis mimarT dacvis RonisZiebis gamoyenebis safuZvlebs da uflebamosil pirTa wres. evrosabWos ministrTa komitetis rekomendacia mowmeTa da marTlmsajulebis TanamSromelTa dacvis Sesaxeb (ministrTa komitetis rekomendacia #9, wevri qveynebisaTvis mowmeTa da marTlmsajulebis TanamSromelTa dacvis Sesaxeb. 20 aprili, 2005. evropis sabWo) saxelmwifoebs mouwodebs, rom 1) sadac misi saWiroeba arsebobs, uzrunvelyon mowmis dacvis RonisZiebis gatareba; 2) dacvis RonisZieba gamoiyenon gadaudebeli aucileblobisas, im SemTxvevaSic ki, rodesac aseTi RonisZieba oficialurad ar aris miRebuli; 3) dacvis zomebis ganmaxorcielebeli pirebi unda sargeblobdnen avtonomiiT, amdenad, sagamoZiebo da dacvis RonisZiebaTa ganmaxorcielebel pirebs Soris organizaciulad unda iyos gancalkevebuli maTi funqciebi. sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 67-e muxli, romelic gansazRvravs mowmis dacvis specialuri RonisZiebis safuZvlebs, ar Seesabameba ministrTa komitetis zemoxsenebul rekomendacias. kerZod, amomwuravi da viwro CamonaTvalis gamo, dacvis RonisZieba ver iqneba gamoyenebuli yvela im SemTxvevaSi, sadac igi aucilebelia. sssk-is 68-e muxli, romelic gansazRvravs uflebamosil pirebs, aseve ar Seesabameba ministrTa komitetis rekomendacias. kerZod, am muxliT, dacvis specialuri RonisZiebis gatarebis uflebamosileba miniWebuli aqvs gamoZiebis da masze zedamxedvelobis organos _ policias da prokuraturas.

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am naklovanebebis gamo, mowme ver sargeblobs kanoniT misTvis miniWebuli dacvis garantiiT. aRniSnulis sailustracio magaliTs ki, zemoT moyvanili sxdoma warmoadgens.

II. dacvis ufleba braldebulis dacvis ufleba warmoadgens umniSvnelovanes garants sisxlis samarTalwarmoebis dros. aRniSnuli ufleba daculia rogorc saqarTvelos konstituciis 42-e muxliT, ise adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-6 muxliT. garda amisa, saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 45-e muxli moiTxovs, rom braldebuls hyavdes advokati, rodesac dacvis ufleba SesaZloa Seilaxos, magaliTad, rodesac braldebuli ar flobs saqmiswarmoebis enas, masTan mimdinareobs molaparakeba saproceso SeTanxmebis gaformebaze, an aris fizikurad an fsiqikurad SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone piri, rac xels uSlis mas, Tavad daicvas sakuTari interesebi. dacvis uflebis sruli realizaciisTvis, dacvis mxares unda mieces sakmarisi dro da SesaZlebloba, moamzados Tavisi pozicia. amasTan, advokatma unda gamoiyenos mis xelT arsebuli yvela samarTlebrivi saSualeba sakuTari dacvis qveS myofis interesebis dasacavad.

gamovlenili Sedegebi: monitoringis Sedegebi cxadyofs, rom, ZiriTadad, uzrunvelyofili iyo dacvis ufleba da advokatis monawileoba procesebSi kanoniT gansazRvruli savaldebulo dacvis SemTxvevebSi. garda amisa, yvela im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac dacvam iTxova ganxilvis gadadeba imisaTvis, rom ukeT gascnoboda saqmis masalebs da momzadebuliyo, mosamarTlem Suamdgomloba daakmayofila. aRsaniSnavia, rom braldebis mxare aseT Suamdgomlobebs ar aprotestebda. miuxedavda amisa, gamovlinda dacvis uflebis darRvevis garkveuli SemTxvevebi, ra drosac xan sasamarTlo ar iZleoda dacvis srulyofilad ganxorcielebis saSualebas, xan ki

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Tavad advokati iCenda pasiurobas da ar iyenebda mis xelT arsebul yvela resurss braldebulis interesebis dasacavad. sasamarTlos mier dacvis uflebis darRvevis magaliTebi: •

erT saqmeSi,41 sadac sasamarTlom agreTve daarRvia udanaSaulobis prezumfcia (amaze detalurad qvemoT visaubrebT, procesis monawileTa qcevis nawilSi), saias monitorebma gamoavlines dacvis uflebis darRvevis ramdenime faqti. kerZod: 1. arsebiTi ganxilvis erT-erT sxdomaze ar gamocxadda advokati. man telefoniT Seatyobina mosamarTlis TanaSemwes, rom is moyva avariaSi, ris gamoc ver aswrebda procesze misvlas. mosamarTlem sxdomaze gaakeTa ganmarteba, rom advokati imyofeboda mZime mdgomareobaSi da ucnobi iyo, rodis SeZlebda procesze gamocxadebas. Sesabamisad, braldebuls dauniSna savaldebulo dacva momavali procesisTvis da gaagrZela procesi braldebulis damcvelis gareSe. am procesze prokuraturam daayena mniSvnelovani Suamdgomloba, romliTac iTxova dacvis mier warmodgenili mowmeebisa da eqspertebis dakiTxvis ufleba im SemTxvevaSic, Tuki dacva momavalSi moxsnida maT Tavisi mtkicebulebebidan da aRar isurvebda procesze maT dakiTxvas. es imas niSnavs, rom prokurors nebismier SemTxvevaSi eqneboda am mowmeebis dakiTxvis ufleba, miuxedavad imisa, isurvebda Tu ara dacva maT dakiTxvas. aRniSnuli Suamdgomloba sasamarTlom ase daakmayofila, rom braldebulisaTvis azric ki ar ukiTxavs da arc ganumartavs, rom mas ufleba hqonda gaeprotestebina es Suamdgomloba. meore dRes gamarTul sxdomaze gamocxadda braldebulis advokati, romelic aRSfoTebuli iyo imis gamo, rom wina dRis procesi ar gadaido da misi monawileobis gareSe Catarda. amasTan, advokati aprotestebda

41 es aris erT-erTi saintereso saqme, romelSic vlindeba gansakuTrebuli darRvevebi da romelsac saia SeZlebisdagvarad miadevnebs Tvals misi dasawyisidan dasrulebamde. saqme saapelacio donezea gasaCivrebuli, Tumca, ganxilvis sxdoma jer ar CaniSnula.

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prokuroris mier wina dRes dayenebuli Suamdgomlobis dakmayofilebis faqts da iTxovda mis gauqmebas, radgan misi dakmayofileba ukanonod moxda procesze, romelic wesiT unda gadadebuliyo. advokatma sasamarTlo mikerZoebaSi daadanaSaula. misi TqmiT, telefonze saubrisas man mosamarTlis TanaSemwes naTlad ganumarta, rom is mxolod 1 dRe ver SeZlebda sxdomaze daswrebas da iTxovda sxdomis momdevno dRisTvis gadadebas. nacvlad amisa, sasamarTlom braldebuls momavali procesisTvis dauniSna savaldebulo dacva da ganagrZo saqmis ganxilva damcvelis monawileobis gareSe. saias SefasebiT, am saqmeSi gamovlinda dacvis uflebis darRvevis ramdenime epizodi: a) mosamarTlem ar gadado procesi, miuxedavad advokatis legitimuri Txovnisa; b) mosamarTlem arc im motiviT gadado procesi rom sxdomaze savaldebulo wesiT daniSnuli advokati mainc gamocxadebuliyo da damcvelis monawileobis gareSe gaagrZela sxdoma; g) sasamarTlom daakmayofila braldebis mniSvnelovani Suamdgomloba ise, rom braldebulis azri arc ki ukiTxavs.

2. kidev erTi sxdomis mimdinareobisas, rodesac advokatis mier mowmis dakiTxva xorcieldeboda, dazaralebulTa mxridan araerTi replika ismoda, riTac advokats xeli eSleboda mowmis dakiTxvaSi. amis aRmosafxvrelad, mosamarTle Semoifargla mxolod ramdenime sityvieri gafrTxilebiT, ramac Sedegi ver gamoiRo da ver moxerxda dacvis efeqturi ganxorcieleba.

3. sxdomis mimdinareobisas darbazSi iyo xmauri, ismoda replikebi da uwmawuri sityvebi advokatisa da braldebulis misamarTiT. advokatma araerTxel aRniSna, rom xeli eSleboda darbazidan intensiuri replikebis gamo. amis sapasuxod, mosamarTle Semoifargla mxolod ramdenime sityvieri gafrTxilebiT da damswreebs siCumisken mouwoda, rac ver gamodga efeqturi RonisZieba. advokatma ganacxada: `ar gavagrZeleb dakiTxvas sanam am xalxs ar gauSvebT ga-

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reT.~ mosamarTlem ki upasuxa: `gareT aravin gava. es saqme emociurad datvirTuli saqmea da, bunebrivia, replikebi iqneba darbazidan.” saias mosazrebiT, mosamarTlem aRniSnuli gancxadebiT ara Tu xeli Seuwyo dacvis ganxorcielebas, aramed piriqiT, waaxalisa darbazSi myofTa mier advokatisaTvis xelis SeSla. 4. msgavsi mdgomareoba dafiqsirda kidev erT saqmeSi, sadac mosamarTlem advokats ar misca SesaZlebloba, mSvid viTarebaSi daecva braldebulis interesebi.

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erT-erTi saqmis arsebiTi ganxilvis procesze, rodesac ikiTxeboda braldebis mxaris mowme, braldebulma (ara misma advokatma) ganacxada, rom gamoTqvamda protests. amaze mosamarTlem upasuxa, rom Tavad ar Careuliyo, Tavisi advokatisTvis eTqva, rasTan dakavSirebiT hqonda protesti da is gaaxmovanebda. aRniSnuliT mosamarTlem Selaxa braldebulis dacvis ufleba, ar misca ra mas poziciis gamoxatvisa da sakuTari Tavis dacvis saSualeba. saproceso kanonmdebloba ar icnobs msgavs normas, romelic braldebuls mxolod advokatis meSveobiT aZlevs poziciis gamoxatvis uflebas da Tavad braldebulis mxridan procesze saubars krZalavs.

dacvis pasiurobis magaliTi gamovlinda Semdeg saqmeSi: •

arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdomaze, pirdapiri dakiTxvis etapze, prokurorebi kanonis darRveviT svamdnen mimaniSnebel SekiTxvebs,42 razec dacvas araviTari reagireba ar hqonia, nacvlad imisa, rom yovel aseT SekiTxvaze protesti daefiqsirebina da ganeridebina.

42 sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 244-e muxlis me-2 nawilis Tanaxmad, „pirdapiri dakiTxvisas dauSvebelia pasuxis mimaniSnebeli SekiTxvebis dasma. mxares ufleba aqvs, daayenos Suamdgomloba mimaniSnebeli SekiTxvis ganridebis an/da aseTi SekiTxvisa da masze pasuxis dauSvebel mtkicebulebad cnobis Sesaxeb.”

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dacvis uflebis ganxorielebis xelSewyobis magaliTi saproceso SeTanxmebis ganxilvis erT-erT sxdomaze mosamarTle daaeWva advokatis momzadebis donem da mis xelT arsebul yvela zomas mimarTa braldebulis kanonieri interesis dasacavad. kerZod, mosamarTlem advokats hkiTxa: `icnobT saqmis masalebs?” advokati: `ise ra, radgan guSin CaverTe [saqmeSi].” mosamarTle: `anu, ar icnobT saqmis masalebs.~ advokati: `braldebulisagan vici [saqmis garemoebebi].~ mosamarTle: `ramdeni [dro] dagWirdebaT saqmis masalebis gasacnobad?” advokati: `20 wuTi. iqneb saqmis masalebi momawodoT.” mosamarTle: `qalbatono advokato, saqmis masalebi gadacemuli aqvs Tqveni dacvis qveS myofs da rodesac gamodixarT procesze, momzadebuli unda iyoT, raTa srulyofilad daicvaT Tqveni dacvis qveS myofis interesebi! axali procesi [sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi] ar iTvaliswinebs xelaxla [saqmis] masalebis gadmocemas, Tumca, axla gamonakliss davuSveb da mogcemT SesaZleblobas, gaecnoT saqmis masalebs”. saiam aseve daafiqsira sasamarTlos mxridan dacvis uflebis ganxorcielebis xelSewyobis ori dadebiTi magaliTi. erT SemTxvevaSi, mosamarTlem farTod ganmarta sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi da daeyrdno adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencias. mosamarTlem braldebis mxare daavaldebula rom dacvisaTvis winaswar gadaeca momdevno sxdomaze dasakiTx mowmeTa sia.43 misi amgvari saqcieli gamowveuli iyo im garemoebiT rom saqmeSi bradebas warmodgenili hqonda didi raodenobis mowmeTa Cvenebebi. Sedegad, dacvas yoveli sxdomis win uwevda daaxloebiT 450 mowmis Cvenebis wakiTxva da umaravi masalis gacnoba. Sesabamisad, informaaRniSnuli dafiqsirda gaxmaurebul saqmeSi ivane merabiSvilis (Sinagan saqmeTa yofili mnistri da yofili premier ministri) winaaRmdeg.

43

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ciis winaswar miwodebis gareSe, dacvas fizikurad ar hqonda SesaZlebloba saTanadod momzadebuliyo yvela mowmis dakiTxvisaTvis, riTac, bunebrivia, safrTxe eqmneboda dacvis efeqturad ganxorcielebis SesaZleblobas.44 mosamarTlis qmedebis meore dadebiTi magaliTi zemoT, specialur CarCoSia ganxiluli.

III. arasaTanado mopyrobis akrZalva arasaTanado mopyroba akrZalulia saqarTvelos konstituciiT, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciiT da saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT. akrZalva uzrunvelyofs wamebisa da Rirsebis Semlaxveli mopyrobisagan dacvas. am uflebis realizebisTvis, braldebulma unda icodes misi uflebis Sesaxeb. aseve, unda icodes, rom aqvs ufleba, arasaTanado mopyrobis gamo, sarCeli Seitanos miukerZoebel sasamarTloSi. logikurad, braldebulis es uflebebi sasamarTlos akisrebs valdebulebas, acnobos mas am uflebebis Sesaxeb. aRniSnuli valdebuleba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, rodesac braldebuli patimrobaSia da saxelmwifo fizikurad srulad akontrolebs mas. saiam, monitoringis Sedegad, kvlav gamoavlina am uflebasTan dakavSirebuli sakanonmdeblo xarvezi. saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis mixedviT, mosamarTle uflebamosilia, mxolod ganumartos braldebuls misi uflebebi arasaTanado mopyrobis sawinaaRmdegod da moisminos arasaTanado mopyrobis savaraudo faqtebis Sesaxeb. kanoni ar adgens proceduras, romlis meSveobiTac, mosamarTles SeuZlia qmediTi zomebis miReba, rodesac saxezea savaraudod arasaTanado mopyroba. nacvlad amisa, mosamarTle uflebamosilia, mxolod hkiTxos braldebuls, hqonda Tu ara adgili mis mimarT arasaTanado mopyrobas.

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-6 muxlis me-3 nawilis “b� qvepunqtis mixedviT dacvas unda mieces adeqvaturi dro da saSualeba mosamzadeblad.

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gamovlenili Sedegebi: monitoringis wina periodTan SedarebiT, mosamarTlem ufro nakleb SemTxvevebSi ganumarta braldebuls ufleba, saCivriT miemarTa savaraudo arasaTanado mopyrobis SemTxvevaSi: •

pirveli wardgenis sxdomebze mosamarTlem 87 mosmenidan 9 SemTxvevaSi (10%) ar ganumarta braldebuls ufleba, saCivriT miemarTa savaraudo arasaTanado mopyrobis Sesaxeb da ar gamoarkvia, daeqvemdebara Tu ara braldebuli arasaTanado mopyrobas. gasul saangariSo periodSi mosamarTlem braldebuls es uflebebi ar ganumarta 99 mosmenidan mxolod 4 SemTxvevaSi (4%). Tumca, amJamindeli monacemi mainc imaze ukeTesia, vidre monitoringis dasawyisSi (2011 wlis oqtomberi-dekemberi) iyo (28%).

•

mimdinare monitoringis periodSi, mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda mdgomareoba saproceso SeTanxmebasTan dakavSirebuli uflebebis ganmartebis kuTxiT. sasamarTlom 68-dan 68-ve SemTxvevaSi gamoarkvia, xom ar iqna saproceso SeTanxmeba miRweuli iZulebiT, zemoqmedebiT, motyuebiT an sxva nebismieri ukanono dapirebiT. gasul saangariSo periodSi mosamarTleebma es ufleba ar auxsnes braldebuls 69-dan 10 sxdomaze (14%).

•

saias dakvirvebiT, monitoringis periodSi gaformebuli saproceso SeTanxmebebis mxolod 15%-Si (68-dan 10) ar auxsna mosamarTlem braldebulebs, rom maT mier savaraudo arasaTanado mopyrobis Sesaxeb saCivari xels ar SeuSlida kanonierad gaformebuli saproceso SeTanxmebis damtkicebas. qvemoT mocemuli diagrama asaxavs monitoringis mTeli periodis Sedegebs (2011 wlis oqtombridan 2013 wlis dekembris CaTvliT).

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diagrama #10

•

SemTxvevebis 22%-Si, rodesac saproceso SeTanxmeba iqna miRweuli (68-dan 15), mosamarTlem ar auxsna braldebuls, rom, Tu saproceso SeTanxmeba ar damtkicdeboda, informacia, romelic gamovlinda saproceso SeTanxmebis dadgenisas, ar iqneboda gamoyenebuli mis winaaRmdeg. es kidev ufro gaumjobesebuli Sedegia wina periodTan SedarebiT, rodesac mosamarTlem ver SeZlo amis ganmarteba braldebulisTvis 69-dan 21 SemTxvevaSi (30%).

mosamarTlis formaluri roli arasaTanado mopyrobis gamoZiebis procesSi da kanonis xarvezi efeqturi gamoZiebis moTxovnis nawilSi kvlav aSkara iyo Semdeg SemTxvevaSi: • erT-erT gaxmaurebul saqmeSi braldebulma ivane merabiSvilma sxdomaze gaakeTa specialuri gancxadeba da masze zewolaSi daadanaSaula qveynis imdroindeli mTavari prokurori, aw ukve Tanamdebobidan gadamdgari oTar farcxalaZe.45 braldebulma merabiSvilma aRniSna, rom 13 dekembers Ramis saaTebSi is ukanonod, Tavze tansacmelgadafarebuli, gaiyvanes sapatimro dawesebulebidan da avtomanqaniT miiyvanes misTvis ucnob SenobaSi, sadac mas daxvda ori piri, romelTagan erT-erTi iyo imdroindeli mTavari prokurori 45 aRniSnuli gancxadeba ivane merabiSvilma gaakeTa 2013 wlis 17 dekembers quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi gamarTul sxdomaze.

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farcxalaZe. merabiSvilis ganmartebiT, prokurorma mas SesTavaza TanamSromloba yofili premier-ministris, zurab Jvanias mkvlelobis saqmis gaxsnaSi, aseve, misgan moiTxova saqarTvelos yofili prezidentis, mixeil saakaSvilis sabanko angariSis monacemebi. braldebul merabiSvilis ganmartebiT, moTxovnebis Seusruleblobis SemTxvevaSi, prokurori farcxalaZe mas daemuqra, rom: merabiSvils gauuaresdeboda pirobebi cixeSi, daiWerda yvela mis megobars da axlobels da xels SeuSlida mis biznes-saqmianobas. merabiSvilis TqmiT, moTxovnebis Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi, mas dahpirdnen, rom qveynidan gasvlis da mis mier `moparuli� Tanxis gatanis saSualebas miscemdnen. aRniSnuli gancxadebis Semdeg merabiSvilma konsultaciebi gaiara Tavis advokatebTan, daayena maTi acilebis Suamdgomloba mocemul da momdevno sxdomaze, ris Semdegac datova darbazi, raTa dabrunebuliyo cixeSi.46 merabiSvilis erT-erTma advokatma ganacxada, rom ver daelodeboda mosamarTlis gadawyvetilebas, vinaidan misi dacvis qveS myofs cixeSi safrTxe emuqreboda da saswrafod unda gahyoloda. amis Semdeg man da meore advokatma sxdomis darbazi datoves. merabiSvilis mesame advokati darCa sxdomaze, vinaidan is meore braldebulis, zurab WiaberaSvilis interesebsac icavda, Tumca, ganacxada, rom merabiSvilis dacvas veRar gaagrZelebda. sasamarTlom samive advokati sasamarTlos upativcemlobisaTvis 200-200 lariT daajarima. aseve, miiRo ganCineba, rom saqmeSi CarTuliyo saxazino advokati, vinaidan braldebuli merabiSvili darCa dacvis gareSe da Tavad ar eswreboda process. saias mosazrebiT, 2 sakiTxia Sesafasebeli: rogori reagireba unda moexdina savaraudo arasaTanado mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT mosamarTles da ramdenad samarTlianad daajarima advokatebi.

46 merabiSvilma aicila advokatebi mocemul da momdevno sxdomaze. aRniSnuli advokatebi dResac agrZeleben merabiSvilis inetresebis dacvas sasamarTloSi.

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savaraudo daSinebisa da zewolis faqtis mosmenis Semdeg mosamarTlem mxolod is aRniSna, rom es gancxadeba dafiqsirdeboda sxdomis oqmSi, rac, cxadia, ver CaiTvleba adekvatur da sakmaris RonisZiebad sasamarTlos mxridan. es kidev erTxel adasturebs sakanonmdeblo doneze arasaTanado mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT mosamarTlis rolis gazrdis aucileblobas, raTa yoveli aseTi SemTxvevis aRmoCenisas, mosamarTles gaaCndes Sesabamisi samarTlebrivi berketi, moiTxovos savaraudo arasaTanado mopyrobis faqtis gamoZieba da damnaSaveTa dasja kanonis Sesabamisad. rac Seexeba advokatebis dajarimebas, saia miiCnevs, rom aRniSnuli qmedeba sasamarTlos mxridan iyo usafuZvlo da dausabuTebeli, vinaidan braldebulis uflebaa, gadawyvitos, Tu vin warmoadgens mis interesebs sasamarTloSi. mas Semdeg, rac braldebulma mocemul sxdomaze aicila advokatebi, maT moespoT misi dacvis ganxorcielebis SesaZlebloba, Sesabamisad, sxdomaTa darbazSi maT darCenas araviTari azri aRar hqonda. garda amisa, damcvelisaTvis upirvelesi unda iyos misi dacvis qveS myofis interesebis dacva mis xelT arsebuli yvela saSualebiT. swored am motiviT datoves advokatebma sxdomis darbazi. maTi gancxadebiT, braldebuls emuqreboda safrTxe da saswrafod unda gahyolodnen cixeSi. aRniSnuli argumenti ki, mosamarTlem ar gaiTvaliswina da advokatebi daajarima.

mosamarTlis reagirebis dadebiTi magaliTi saiam daafiqsira erTi dadebiTi magaliTi, rodesac mosamarTle, braldebulis saukeTeso interesebidan gamomdinare, gascda kanoniT masze dakisrebul minimalur valdebulebebs da, mas Semdeg, rac dauSvebel mtkicebulebad cno ukanonod Catarebuli Cxrekisa da amoRebis RonisZieba, prokurors mouwoda, gamoZieba daewyo am ukanono RonisZiebis ganmaxorcieleblebis mimarT.

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IV. motivirebuli (dasabuTebuli) gadawyvetilebis ufleba samarTliani sasamarTlos ufleba braldebulis saerTaSorisod aRiarebuli uflebaa, romelic aseve moicavs sasamarTlos mier motivirebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis uflebas.47 gadawyvetilebebis miRebis dasabuTebulobis Sesafaseblad, saia daakvirda gamoZiebis procesSi ganxorcielebuli Cxrekisa da amoRebis dakanonebis procesebs, romlebic Catarda mosamarTlis winaswari nebarTvis gareSe da gamarTlebuli iyo gadaudebeli aucileblobis motiviT. saia miiCnevs, rom, zogadad, am sakiTxebs calke kvleva sWirdeba, rac scildeba winamdebare angariSis miznebs. miuxedavad amisa, warmodgenili statistikuri monacemebi saSualebas iZleva, TvalsaCino gaxdes am mimarTulebiT saqarTvelos sasamarTloebSi arsebuli suraTi. Cxreka da amoReba aris sagamoZiebo moqmedeba, romelic zRudavs pirad sferoSi Caurevlobis uflebas; amitom kanoni uzrunvelyofs sasamarTlo kontrols Cxrekasa da amoRebaze. yvela Suamdgomloba Cxrekisa da amoRebis Sesaxeb unda ganixilos sasamarTlom da miiRos dasabuTebuli gadawyvetileba. saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 119-e da 120-e muxlebi mkacrad gansazRvravs or winapirobas Cxrekisa da amoRebisaTvis: dasabuTebuli varaudi, rom Cxrekis Sedegad mopovebuli iqneba danaSaulis mtkicebuleba da sasamarTlos nebarTva. Cxreka da amoReba sasamarTlos nebarTvis gareSe dasaSvebia mxolod gansakuTrebul SemTxvevebSi, rodesac arsebobs gadaudebeli aucilebloba. mosamarTlem Semdeg an unda daakanonos, an gaauqmos Cxrekisa da amoRebis Sedegebi.

gamovlenili Sedegebi: mdgomareoba TiTqmis ar Secvlila Cxrekasa da amoRebasTan dakavSirebul gadawyvetilebebSi, sadac saiam kvlav daafiqsira motivirebuli (dasabuTebuli) gadawyvetilebis uflebis aSkara darRveva.

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saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi muxli 194.2.

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mimdinare saangariSo periodSi, msgavsad wina angariSebisa, TiTqmis yvela saqmeSi, romelsac saia akvirdeboda, Cxreka da amoReba Catarebuli iyo gadaudebeli aucileblobis reJimSi, mosamarTlis mier Semdgomi dakanonebiT. kerZod, Catarebuli Cxrekisa da amoRebis 38 SemTxvevidan, romelic saiam daafiqsira, mxolod or SemTxvevaSi Catarda aRniSnuli RonisZiebebi sasamarTlos nebarTviT, danarCen 36 SemTxvevaSi, dakanoneba sasamarTlos mier mogvianebiT ganxorcielda. saiam ver SeZlo gaerkvia, iyo Tu ara Cxrekisa da amoRebis faqtis Semdgomi dakanoneba dasabuTebuli, vinaidan isini ar ganixileba zepiri mosmenebis Sesabamis sxdomebze. Tumca, is faqti, rom 95% mxolod Catarebis Semdeg dakanonda, warmoSobs eWvs samarTaldamcavi organoebisa da sasamarTlos mier im valdebulebebis daucvelobis Sesaxeb, romlis mixedviTac, maT ar unda Caataron an daakanonon sagamoZiebo moqmedeba, romelic ar aris saTanadod argumentirebuli da gadaudebeli aucileblobis safuZvelze tardeba.

V. sajaro ganxilvis ufleba rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, sajaro ganxilvis ufleba braldebulis da sazogadoebis mniSvnelovani uflebaa da garantirebulia rogorc erovnul, ise saerTaSoriso doneze. am uflebis srulyofili realizaciisaTvis, sasamarTlom unda uzrunvelyos saqmis warmoebis imgvarad ganxorcieleba, rom sxdomaze dainteresebuli piris daswrebis SemTxvevaSi, mas ar Seeqmnas mimdinare procesSi garkvevis problema. es aseve niSnavs daswrebis Tanabari uflebis uzrunvelyofas yvelasTvis. garda amisa, sasamarTlos ganaCeni unda gamocxaddes sajarod, sasjelis zomis, Sesabamisi kanonis da braldebulis mier misi gasaCivrebis uflebis miTiTebiT.48 aRsaniSnavia, rom „saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb“ organul kanonSi 2013 wlis maisSi Sevida cvlilebebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofs sasamarTlo sxdomebis met sajaroobas. am cvlilebebis Sedegad, sazogadoebriv mauwyebelsa da sxva televi48

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi muxli 277.1.

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ziebs ufleba miecaT, ganaxorcielon sasamarTlo procesis video da audio Cawera.49

gamovlenili Sedegebi: monitoringis Sedegad gairkva, rom sajaro ganxilvis ufleba, rogorc wesi, daculia. monitoringis wina periodebis msgavsad, ZiriTadi gamonaklisi iyo pirveli wardgenis sxdomebi Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi, sadac informacia sxdomis Sesaxeb winaswar arasodes cxaddeba. amasTan, 451 ganxilvidan 100 SemTxvevaSi (22%), romelic ar moicavs pirveli wardgenis sxdomebs, winaswar ar cxaddeboda informacia sxdomis TariRisa da drois Sesaxeb. es sakmaod maRali maCvenebelia da mniSvnelovania, rom sasamarTlom yvela Sesabamis zomas mimarTos am problemis aRmosafxvrelad. aRsaniSnavia, rom am kuTxiT quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi bevrad ukeTesi mdgomareobaa, vidre TbilisSi. saiam aseve gamoavlina Semdegi darRvevebi: • 351-dan 6 SemTxvevaSi (1.7%), sasamarTlo sxdomebis Sesaxeb gamoqveynebuli informacia iyo arasruli an araswori. magaliTad, gancxadebaSi ar iyo dakonkretebuli sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis Sesabamisi muxlebi, romelTa mixedviTac pirs brali hqonda wayenebuli, anda miTiTebuli iyo mcdari dro an sxdomis darbazi. 1 SemTxvevaSi ki, sasamarTloSi arsebuli sxdomebis gamosaqveynebeli monitori saerTod gaTiSuli iyo garkveuli periodis manZilze.

• nafici msajulebis SerCevis 6-ve Ria sxdomaze sazogadoebas ar hqonda maTze daswrebis SesaZlebloba, vinaidan sxdomis darbazis Sesasvlels mandaturebi icavdnen. miuxedavad imisa, rom sxdoma mosamarTlis mier ar iyo daxuruli, dainteresebul pirebs maTze daswrebis uflebas ar aZlevdnen mandaturebi da nafici msajulebis koordinatorebi.50 saias damkvirveb49 saqarTvelos organuli kanoni „saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb“ (ZalaSia 2013 wlis 1 maisidan) muxli 131.

50 nafici msajulebis koordinatorebi, rogorc maT saias monitors ganumartes, arian sasamarTlos TanamSromlebi, romlebic pasuxs ageben

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els araerTxel mouwia sasamarTlos TanaSemwesTan dakavSireba, aseve, mandaturebisa da nafici msajulebis koordinatorebisTvis ganmarteba, rom aseT sxdomaze daswreba nebismieri dainteresebuli piris uflebaa, Tu mosamarTlis gadawyvetilebiT ar aris daxuruli. •

535-dan 20 SemTxvevaSi (4%), braldebulis axloblebi an sxva dainteresebuli pirebi ver daeswrnen sxdomas darbazis simciris gamo. maT Soris iyo sami gaxmaurebuli saqme (giorgi ugulavasa da daviT kezeraSvilis saqme, baCana axalaias saqmeebi da ivane merabiSvilis saqmeebi).

•

269 arsebiTi sxdomidan51 13 dasrulda ganaCenis sajaro gamocxadebiT. am 13 ganaCenidan 10 (77%) iyo gamamtyunebeli, danarCeni 3 _ gamamarTlebeli. am samidan erTi iyo aragaxmaurebuli saqme, 2 ki _ gaxmaurebuli. qvemoT mocemuli diagrama asaxavs mdgomareobas monitoringis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi (2011 wlis oqtombridan 2013 wlis dekembris CaTvliT).

diagrama #11

nafic maskjulTa kandidatebsa da moqmed msajulebTan dakavSirebul teqnikur da saorganizacio sakiTxebze.

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ori sxdoma daxuruli iyo.

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•

13 saboloo ganaCenidan oTx SemTxvevaSi (31%) sasamarTlom ar miuTiTa Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo debulebebi.

•

monitoringis wina periodis msgavsad, yvela saproceso SeTanxmeba damtkicda. 68 damtkicebuli saproceso SeTanxmebidan, mosamarTlem mxolod erT SemTxvevaSi ar gamoacxada ganaCeni sajarod, mxolod aRniSna, rom saproceso SeTanxmeba damtkicebuli iyo da darbazi datova.

dakvirvebis sxva Sedegebi: •

erT-erT pirveli wardgenis sxdomaze braldebuls brali edeboda seqsualur danaSaulSi arasrulwlovani gogonas mimarT. dazaralebuli arasrulwlovani gogonas saxeli araerTxel gaxmovanda procesze, riTac dairRva am arasrulwlovnis interesi. miuxedavad mZime danaSaulisa da arasrulwlovnis normaluri ganviTarebis mimarT safrTxis arsebobisa, mosamarTlem ar gamoiyena misTvis kanonmdeblobiT miniWebuli uflebamosileba da ar daxura procesi, aseve, ar gamoiyena sxva meqanizmi, raTa daecva braldebulis personaluri monacemebi.52

•

miuxedavad imisa, rom Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos Sida regulaciebis mixedviT, mosmenis dawyebis Semdeg darbazSi Sesvla ar SeiZleba, sxvadasxva organizaciis warmomadgenlebs, romlebic sxdomas akvirdebodnen, 1 aseT procesze (baCana axalaias saqme) Sesvlis ufleba miecaT.

•

1 sxdoma daxura mosamarTlem mas Semdge, rac damswre pirebs Soris xelCarTuli Cxubi gaimarTa. mosamarTlem sajarod ar gamoacxada sxdomis daxurvis Sesaxeb, aramed mandaturs daavala, damswreebi darbazidan gaeyvana. aRniSnuliT mosamarTlem daarRvia sssk moTxovnebi, romlis mixedviTac, is valdeb-

52 sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 182-e muxlis „b“ qvepunqtis mixedviT: „sasamarTlos SeuZlia mxareTa SuamdgomlobiT an sakuTari iniciativiT miiRos gadawyvetileba sxdomis nawilobriv an srulad daxurvis Sesaxeb arasrulwlovnis interesebis dacvis mizniT”.

59

uli iyo, sajarod gamoecxadebina procesis daxurvis safuZveli.53 VI. Tarjimnis yolis ufleba saqarTvelos konstitucia,54 sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi55 da saerTaSoriso konvenciebi,56 romelTa monawile mxarec aris saqarTvelo, iTvaliswinebs, rom, Tu pirovnebam ar icis samarTalwarmoebis ena, mas ufleba aqvs, isargeblos Tarjimnis momsaxurebiT saxelmwifos xarjze.

gamovlenili Sedegebi monitoringis ganmavlobaSi saia daakvirda 13 sxdomas, sadac savaldebulo iyo Tarjimnis monawileoba. aRniSnuli 13 mosmenidan mxolod 1 SemTxvevaSi dairRva braldebulis ufleba Tarjimnis momsaxurebaze. kerZod, marTalia, procesze mowveulebi iyvnen Turquli da azerbaijanuli enis Tarjimnebi, magram isini arasaTanadod asrulebdnen maTze dakisrebul movaleobas. mosamarTlem sxdomaze detalurad waikiTxa acilebis safuZvlebi, Tumca, Tarjimnebma saerTod ar uTargmnes isini braldebulebs. amis Semdeg mosamarTlem ikiTxa, xom ar hqondaT braldebulebs acilebis Suamdgomloba. Tarjimnebma braldebulebs mxolod es SekiTxva uTargmnes. arc mosamarTlem da arc advokatma aRniSnul faqtze reagireba ar moaxdines da braldebulis interesebi ar daicves. dafiqsirda amis sapirispiro SemTxvevac, rodesac mosamarTlem sxdomaze sakuTari iniciativiT Sesveneba gamoacxada braldebulisaTvis Tarjimnis dasaniSnad (magaliTi mocemulia specialur CarCoSi).

53

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 182-e muxlis me-6 nawili.

54

saqarTvelos konstitucia, muxli 85.2.

55

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis muxli 38.8.

56

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis muxli 6.3.

60

Tarjimnis daniSvna mosamarTlis iniciativiT erT-erT saqmeSi azerbaijaneli erovnebis braldebuls saTanadod ar esmoda qarTuli ena. sxdomaze ar iyo mowveuli Tarjimani, radgan gamoZiebis etapze miiCneoda, rom braldebuls qarTuli esmoda. sxdomis mimdinareobis dros braldebulis vinaobis dadgenisas, mosamarTlem gamoarkvia, rom braldebuls arc ise kargad esmoda, rasac ekiTxebodnen, vinaidan qarTulad ar icoda samarTlebrivi terminologia. mas arc iseTi sityvebis mniSvneloba esmoda, rogoricaa `nasamarTlevi~ da `meuRle~. prokurorma ganacxada, rom radgan braldebuli iyo azerbaijaneli, is swrafad ver aRiqvamda sityvebs. mosamarTlem ki aRniSna, rom is ver Seafasebda, saerTod aRiqvamda Tu ara braldebuli, rasac ekiTxebodnen da ase ver gaagrZelebda sxdomas. mosamarTlem gamoacxada Sesveneba azerbaijanuli enis Tarjimnis mosawvevad.

g. procesis monawileTa qceva sasamarTlo sxdomaze saias mier warmoebuli monitoringis ganmavlobaSi araerT sxdomaze gamovlinda mxareebisa da sasamarTlos mxridan, erTi mxriv, araeTikuri da, meore mxriv, kanonis Seusabamo qmedebebi. marTalia, TiToeuli es SemTxveva konkretuli uflebebis, garkveulwilad, SezRudvasac moicavs, Tumca, ufro metad miuTiTebs procesis monawileTa araprofesionalizmsa da arakompetenturobaze. aq ar aris ganxiluli iseTi faqtebi, romlebic Seexeba procesis monawileTa mier normis interpretacias an diskreciuli uflebamosilebis aragonivrulad gamoyenebas.

sasamarTlo •

erT-erT saqmeze quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos mier dafiqsirda udanaSaulobis prezumfciis da mxareTa SejibrebiTobis principis uxeSi darRveva. kerZod,

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sasamarTlom, erT-erT mimdinare saqmeze, romelTan dakavSirebiTac gazeTSi statia daiwera, gaakeTa sapasuxo gancxadeba. gancxadebaSi sasamarTlom miuTiTa: `saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebi gamoixateba SemdegSi: 2013 wlis 4 marts arafxizel mdgomareobaSi myofma d.d-m, SekamaTebis dros, ganawyenebis niadagze, SurisZiebis motiviT, sakuTar saxelze Senaxvis uflebiT daregistrirebuli cecxlsasroli iaraRidan samjeradi gasroliT gul-mkerdis areSi sicocxlisaTvis saxifaTo dazianebebi miayena d.g-s, ris Semdegac es ukanaskneli saavadmyofoSi miyvanamde gardaicvala. amasTanave, erT-erTi gasrolis Sedegad, danaSaulis Cadenis momentSi masTan erTad myof pirs, janmrTelobis xanmokle moSliT, cecxlsasroli Wrilobis saxiT miayena sxeulis msubuqi xarisxis dazianeba.~ aRniSnuliT sasamarTlom, winaswar, yvela mtkicebulebis gamokvlevisa da Sejerebis gareSe, braldebuli damnaSaved gamoacxada, moixsenia ra mis mier danaSaulis Cadena mtkicebiTi formiT. sasamarTlos es gancxadeba mis oficialur veb-gverdze gamoqveynda. saiam weriliT mimarTa quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos da sTxova, yvela SesaZlo saSualebiT aRmoefxvra xsenebuli darRveva, ris sapasuxodac sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom aRniSnuli gancxadeba Seicavda saqmis faqtobriv garemoebebs, Sesabamisad, es udanaSaulobis prezumfciis darRvevad ar miaCnda. saias SefasebiT, sasamarTlos Tavis gancxadebaSi unda mieTiTebina, rom pirs brali edeboda konkretul viTarebaSi, konkretuli motiviT, ama da am danaSaulis CadenaSi. es iqneboda saqmis garemoebebis miukerZoebeli aRwera. nacvlad amisa, sasamarTlom saqmis garemoebebi warmoaCina ise, rogorc braldebis mxarem da ara rogorc neitralurma arbitrma, riTac uxeSad Selaxa dacvis mxaris interesebi.57 samwuxarod, aRniSnuli gancxadeba quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos veb57 saiam ver gaasaCivra sasamarTlos ukanono qmedeba, radgan ar warmoadgenda saTanado mosarCeles. aRniSnulis gasaCivrebis ufleba aqvs Tavad braldebuls. saia, braldebulis survilis SemTxvevaSi, gauwevs mas samarTlebriv daxmarebas.

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gverdze dResac ucvleli formiTaa xelmisawvdomi.58 •

erT-erT pirveli wardgenis sxdomaze mosamarTlem dauSva samarTlebrivi Secdoma, kerZod, uflebebis ganmartebisas man braldebuls arasworad ganumarta mosalodneli sasjeli. pirs brali edeboda mkvlelobis mcdelobaSi da ara mkvlelobaSi, mosamarTlem ki, SecdomiT ganumarta, rom danaSaulis damtkicebis SemTxvevaSi, mas uvado Tavisuflebis aRkveTa eloda, rac dauSvebelia sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT. 59 aRniSnul Secdomas imeorebda prokuroric da swored masze amyarebda Tavis Suamdgomlobas aRkveTis RonisZiebasTan dakavSirebiT. aRsaniSnavia, rom amis Sesaxeb SeniSvna arc dacvis mxares gamouTqvams.

•

erT winasasamarTlo sxdomaze, braldebuls brali edeboda mkvlelobaSi, rac, sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis mixedviT, nafic msajulTa gansjadi saqmea. sxdomaze mosamarTlem braldebuls ar ganumarta, rom mas ufleba hqonda, moeTxova Tavisi saqmis ganxilva nafic msajulTa mier. mosamarTlem pirdapir gadasca saqme arsebiTad gansaxilvelad. aRniSnuliT mosamarTlem daarRvia kanonis moTxovnebi da braldebuls mouspo kanonmdeblobiT misTvis miniWebuli uflebis realizebis saSualeba.60 aRsaniSnavia, rom am faqtTan dakavSirebiT arc braldebulis advokats gamouxatavs protesti, rac miuTiTebs mis arakvalificiurobasa an gulgrilobaze. aseve,

58 ix. bmuli http://court.ge/courts/quTaisis_saqalaqo_sasamarTlo/?page=25&id=885 [bolos nanaxia 31/03/2014].

59 sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 56-e muxlis me-4 nawilis mixedviT, „uvado Tavisuflebis aRkveTa ar SeiZleba dainiSnos danaSaulis momzadebisa an mcdelobisaTvis“.

60 sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 129-e muxlis me-3 nawilis Tanaxmad, „Tu braldebuls brali wauyenes nafic msajulTa sasamarTlos gansjadi danaSaulis CadenisaTvis, mosamarTle valdebulia, braldebuls ganumartos nafic msajulTa sasamarTlos debulebebi da masTan dakavSirebuli uflebebi. amis Semdeg mosamarTle arkvevs, amboben Tu ara mxareebi uars nafic msajulTa sasamarTloze. Tu mxareebi nafic msajulTa sasamarTloze uars erToblivad ar ganacxadeben, mosamarTle niSnavs nafic msajulTa SerCevis sxdomis TariRs“.

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sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi pirdapir ar gansazRvravs proceduras, romliTac SeiZleba braldebulisaTvis am uflebis aRdgena. mis dacvas arsebiTi gavlena aqvs braldebulis samarTlebriv interesebze. Sesabamisad, aucilebelia, kanonma daareguliros braldebulisaTvis aRniSnuli uflebis aRdgenis procedura.

prokurori, mandaturi, policieli •

erT-erTi sxdomis dawyebis win, gamovlinda SemTxveva, romliTac eTikuri normebi daarRvia rogorc prokurorma, ise policielma da sasamarTlos mandaturma. nafic msajulTa mier sasjelis daniSvnis sxdomis dawyebis win erT-erTi braldebuli (igi mkvlelobis braldebis nawilSi naficma msajulebma gaamarTles, Tumca, gaamtyunes xulignobis braldebis nawilSi. swored amasTan dakavSirebiT unda gamarTuliyo sasjelis daniSvnis sxdoma) fanjris rafaze, taniT ukan gadaxrili ijda. mandaturma mas agresiulad mimarT: „ras wamowolilxar, sabanic xo ar mogarTva?!“ amaze braldebulma upasuxa: „ra ginda, Zmao?“ rasac mohyva mandaturis mxridan masTan konfliqtis wamowyeba. am dros maTTan mivida prokurori, romelmac ganacxada: „kidev rom grZeli eniT laparakobs, es mkvlelebi gamouSves naficebma, esaa Cveni sistema da naficebi!“ mandaturma upasuxa: „esaa is, rom gamouSves?“ am faqts Seeswro administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis darbazis win mdgari policieli, romelmac prokurors SesTavaza: „xo ar davakavo administraciuli wesiT?“ razec prokurorma uari uTxra. prokuroris mxridan, mocemul SemTxvevaSi, udanaSaulobis prezumfciis darRvevaze ver vimsjelebT, vinaidan sasamarTlos saboloo gadawyvetileba am dros ukve ZalaSi iyo Sesuli. Tumca, man Tavisi gamonaTqvamebiT daarRvia saqarTvelos prokuratu-

64

ris muSakTa eTikis kodeqsis61 moTxovnebi, romlis mixedviT, igi valdebuli iyo, sakuTari mosazrebis gamoTqmisas, taqtianad gamoexata dasabuTebuli kritika. am SemTxvevaSi, kritika dasabuTebuli ar iyo nafic msajulTa sasamarTlos verdiqtTan dakavSirebiT.62 garda amisa, amave normatiuli aqtiT, igi yvela mxares unda unergavdes marTlmsajulebis pativiscemas,63 rac calsaxad gamoiricxeba misi gamonaTqvamebiT. sasamarTlos mandaturis mxridan gamoixata Seuracxmyofeli damokidebuleba gamarTlebulis mimarT, amasTan, misi qmedeba aSkarad Seicavda provokaciis elementebs. amiT mandaturma daarRvia saqarTvelos iusticiis umaRles sabWosa da saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebSi moqalaqesTan komunikaciis standartebis me-2 da me-5 TaviT dadgenili wesebi, romliTac mas mkacrad moeTxoveba moqalaqeTa mimarT Tavazianoba da keTilganwyoba. policielis mxridan gamovlinda midrekileba uflebamosilebis gadametebisken: misi winadadebiT prokuroris mimarT, xom ar daekavebina gamarTlebuli administraciuli wesiT, warmoqmnis varauds, rom mas sxva nebismier dros SeuZlia, safuZvlis ararsebobis miuxedavad, daakavos piri. ufro konkretulad, prokurors rom Tanxmoba mieca, igi daakavebda moqalaqes ukanonod da gadaametebda uflebamosilebas. vinaidan man mxolod SesTavaza prokurors ukanono dakaveba, misi mxridan uflebamosilebis gadametebaze ver vimsjelebT, Tumca, man daarRvia policiis eTikis normebi, romelTa mixedviT, igi valdebulia, sakuTari moqmedebis dagegmvisa da dawyebis win yovelTvis darwmundes mis kanonierebaSi,64 icavdes adamianis uflebebsa da ZiriTad Tavisuflebebs, rogoricaa Ta61 prokuraturis muSakTa eTikis kodeqsi, damtkicebulia saqarTvelos generaluri prokuroris 2006 wlis 19 ivnisis #5 brZanebiT. 62

prokuraturis muSakTa eTikis kodeqsi, muxli 6.1.

63

prokuraturis muSakTa eTikis kodeqsi, muxli 10.2.

64

policiis eTikis kodeqsi, pirveli Tavis me-2 punqti.

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visuflebisa da usafrTxoebis ufleba.65 •

65

erT-erT gaxmaurebul saqmeSi baCana axalaias winaaRmdeg, saiam miiCnia, rom prokuraturis mxridan adgili hqonda saqmis ganzrax gaWianurebas, razec verc mosamarTlem moaxdina saTanado reagireba. kerZod, 17 seqtembris sxdomaze, prokurors saqmeze unda warmoeTqva daskvniTi sityva, rac ver moxerxda amave prokuroris sasamarTlo sxdomaze gamoucxadeblobis gamo (aRsaniSnavia, rom wina dRes 16 seqtembers, amave prokuroris werilobiTi gancxadebis safuZvelze gadaido saqme megis qardavasa da sxvaTa mimarT. werilobiT gancxadebaSi prokurori mizezad axalaias sxdomaze daskvniTi sityvisaTvis mzadebas asaxelebda). baCo axalaias saqmeze Catarebul momdevno sxdomaze prokuroris gamoucxadeblobis mizezad misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gauareseba dasaxelda, Tumca saqmeSi am dromde ar aris warmodgenili cnoba, rac aRniSnul garemoebas adasturebs. 19 seqtembers saqmeSi CaerTo meore prokurori, romelmac Tavdapirvelad moiTxova procesis gadadeba 30 dRiT, im mizniT, rom saWiroebda saqmis masalebis gacnobas. mas amisaTvis mieca 10 dRe. 30 seqtembris sxdomaze igive prokurori isev moumzadebeli gamocxadda da iTxova damatebiT 20 dRe saqmis masalebis gasacnobad, mosamarTlem damatebiT 7 dRis vada ganusazRvra. xolo 7 oqtombris sxdomaze aRniSnuma prokurorma TviTacilebis SuamdgomlobiT mimarTa sasamarTlos. prokurorma SuamdgomlobaSi miuTiTa, rom baCo axalaias meuRlis msgavsad iyo devnili afxazeTidan, maT hyavdaT erTi sanacnobo wre, romlis mxridan xdeboda fsiqologiuri zewola masze rogorc piradad, ise socialuri qselebis meSveobiT. aseve is, rom mas megobruli urTierToba hqonda yofil kolegebTan b.axalaias advokatebTan (Tumca, advokatebi ar adastureben megobrul urTierTobas, acxadeben, rom mxolod yofili kolegebi iyvnen da maTi urTierToba samsaxurebrivs ar gascdenia). TviTacilebis Sesaxeb

policiis eTikis kodeqsi, pirveli Tavis me-6 punqti.

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Suamdgomloba mosamarTlem daakmayofila. procesze 8 oqtombers CarTulma morigma axalma prokurorma, kidev damatebiTi vada moiTxova saqmis masalebis gasacnobad. mosamarTlem 10-dRiani vada misca braldebis mxares. sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 62-e muxlis me-6 nawilis Sesabamisad, TviTacileba unda iyos dasabuTebuli. saqmeSi CarTul pirvel prokurors ar dausabuTebia, rom saqmidan misi Camocilebis mizezi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gauareseba iyo. rac Seexeba saqmeSi CarTul meore prokurors, misTvis winaswar cnobili iyo saqmeSi masTan megobrulad ganwyobili pirebis advokatad monawileobis faqti, amis miuxedavad man Tavidanve ar aicila saqme. aseve aradamajerebelia prokuroris mtkiceba braldebulis meuRlesTan saerTo sanacnobo wris mier masze ganxorcielebul fsiqologiuri zemoqmedebis Taobaze. ucnobia, rodidan daiwyo sanacnobo wrem prokurorze fsiqologiuri zemoqmedeba da am safuZvliT ratom ar daayena TviTacilebis Suamdgomloba 30 seqtembers, rodesac man moumzadeblobis gamo sxdomis gadadeba sTxova sasamarTlos. garda amisa, saqmis gaWianurebiT warmoiSoba adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtis darRvevis riskic. konvencia icavs adamianis uflebas - sasamarTlom misi saqme ganixilos gonivrul vadaSi. adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlo konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtis darRvevis dadgenisas mxedvelobaSi iRebs im garemoebas, saqmis gaWianureba xom ar aris gamowveuli saxelmwifo organoebis qmedebiT. adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom saxelmwifos warmomadgenelma Tavi unda Seikavos, xolo sasamarTlom ar unda dauSvas procesis usafuZvlod gaWianureba (baraona portugaliis winaaRmdeg). gonivruli vadebis dacvasTan dakavSirebiT evropuli sasamarTlos moTxovna gansakuTrebiT mkacria, maSin roca saqmis ganxilvis gaWianureba iwvevs braldebulis patimrobaSi datovebas (smirnova ruseTis winaaRmdeg).

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•

kidev erT saqmeSi baCana axalaias winaaRmdeg, advokatma mimarTa erT-erT mowmes misi dakiTxvis dros: `Tqven moxvediT CemTan ofisSi da miTxariT, rom Tqven da Tqvens meuRles `pikapiT~ giTvalTvalebdnen, rodesac saxlSi midiodiT. Semdeg movidnen `lendkruizeriT~, wagiyvanes tyeSi, gadagigdes telefoni, giTxres _ axla gagaxsenebT imas, rac unda gaxsovdeT! Semdeg tyeSi dagtoves da wamovidnen. ase iyo Tu ara?~ mowmem upasuxa: `diax, vadastureb, rom aseT faqts adgili hqonda.~ amis Semdeg prokurorma mimarTa mosamarTles: `batono mosamarTle, me mowmis am CvenebaSi ver davinaxe danaSaulis niSnebi, radgan mowmem ver daasaxela is pirebi, vinc gaitaca.~ saias SefasebiT, prokuroris gancxadeba ewinaaRmdegeboda saproceso kanons, romlis Tanaxmadac, gancxadeba, romelic danaSaulis niSnebs Seicavs, gamoZiebis dawyebis safuZvelia.66

•

kidev erT pirveli wardgenis sxdomaze braldebulma aRniSna: `is kompiuteri, romlis moparvasac mabraleben, maTxoves, Cemma megobarma maTxova, romlis dedasac egona, rom moipares da dareka policiaSi. xolo mere Cems megobars daemuqrnen gamomZieblebi, Cveneba daewera ise, TiTqos me movipare, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, me momayolebdnen ukan [daiWerdnen].” aRniSnulze arc prokurors da arc sasamarTlos araviTari reagireba ar mouxdenia. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, prokuroris valdebulebaa, aseT SemTxvevebSi dainteresdes da daiwyos savaraudo danaSaulis niSnebis Semcveli SemTxvevis gamoZieba.67 sasamarTlos ki, samwuxarod, amis moTxovnis pirdapiri ufleba, arsebuli kanonmdeblobiT, ar aqvs, Tumca, braldebulis saukeTeso interesebidan gamomdinare, mas SeuZlia gascdes Tavis valdebulebebs da mouwodos prokurors, gamoiZios msgavsi SemTxvevebi.

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saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saprocesokodeqsi, muxli 100.

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saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saprocesokodeqsi, muxli 100.

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d. sasamarTlo procesis droulad gamarTvis uzrunvelyofa saias monitoringis Sedegad gamovlinda problemebi sasamarTlo ganxilvis droulad dawyebasTan mimarTebiT. monitoringis aRniSnul periodSi, 451 mosmenidan 169, romelic ar moicavda pirveli wardgenis sxdomebs (37.5%), daiwyo xuTi wuTze meti dagvianebiT: •

70 SemTxvevaSi (41%) mosamarTlem daagviana;

•

24 SemTxvevaSi (14%) imave sasamarTlo darbazSi sxva mosmena grZeldeboda;

•

21 SemTxvevaSi (13%) advokatma daagviana;

•

19 SemTxvevaSi (11%) braldebulma daagviana;

•

16 SemTxvevaSi (10%) prokurorma daagviana;

•

darCenil 19 SemTxvevaSi (11%) sxvadasxva mizezi iqna moyvanili.

aRsaniSnavia sasamarTlo sxdomaTa araorganizebuli muSaobis erTi magaliTi: erT-erTi saqmis ganxilvas, romelSic araerTi piri iyo braldebuli, yovel sxdomaze uamravi piri eswreboda. mosamarTlem erTsa da imave dros ori procesi CaniSna da, Sesabamisad, mocemuli procesi daiwyo 75 wuTis dagvianebiT. mosamarTlis mier saqmeTa ganxilvis araorganizebulad dagegmvam sasamarTlos SenobaSi erT saaTze meti xnis ganmavlobaSi didi qaosi da xmauri gamoiwvia (derefnis mTeli teritoria dakavebuli hqondaT damswreebs da sxdomis dawyebas elodebodnen).

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daskvna

70

•

monitoringis mimdinare periodSi gagrZelda calkeuli mimarTulebebiT sasamarTlos midgomebis gaumjobesebis tendencia rogorc gaxmaurebul, ise tipiur SemTxvevebSi. marTalia, procentulad gaizarda im braldebulTa raodenoba, visac patimroba Seefarda, Tumca, amis miuxedavad, mniSvnelovnad Semcirda dausabuTebeli aRkveTis RonisZiebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebebi.

•

gamoyenebuli aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxeebis TvalsazrisiT, suraTi TiTqmis ucvleli darCa _ girao da patimroba, garda iSviaTi SemTxvevebisa. iyo mxolod sami gamonaklisi: 1 piradi Tavdeboba, 1 SeTanxmeba gausvlelobisa da saTanado qcevis Sesaxeb, 1 SemTxvevaSi ki, braldebuli sasamarTlom datova aRkveTis RonisZiebis gareSe. am sami SemTxvevidan arc erTi ar iyo gaxmaurebuli saqme.

•

prokuraturis Suamdgomloba aRkveTis RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb, metwilad giraos nawilSi, jer kidev dausabuTebeli rCeba. pozitiur cvlilebad SeiZleba CaiTvalos is, rom sasamarTlo xSirad Tavad cdilobs braldebulis finansuri mdgomareobis gamorkvevas. sasamarTlo, Cveulebriv, avtomaturad aRar akmayofilebs braldebis mxaris Suamdgomlobas patimrobis Sesaxeb, Sesabamisad, misi gadawyvetilebebi ufro dasabuTebuli gaxda.

•

monitoringis mTeli periodis manZilze (2011 wlis oqtombridan 2013 wlis dekembris CaTvliT) pirvelad dafiqsirda SemTxveva, rodesac sasamarTlom winasasamarTlo ganxilvis etapze Sewyvita sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna.

•

nafic msajulTa SerCevis sxdomebze daswreba kvlav problemad rCeba. wina saangariSo periodis msgavsad, saias monitorebs mouxdaT Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos administraciasTan komunikacia imisaTvis, rom daswrebodnen am sxdomebs. samwuxarod, moqalaqeebs SezRuduli hqondaT am sxdomebze daswrebis

ufleba, miuxedavad imisa, rom sxdomebi mosamarTlis gadawyvetilebiT oficialurad daxurulad ar yofila gamocxadebuli.

•

monitoringis wina periodis msgavsad, sasamarTloebma ver SeZles, winaswar gamoeqveynebinaT informacia pirveli wardgenis sxdomebis Sesaxeb.

•

pirveli wardgenis sxdomebis garda, sasamarTlom danarCeni sxdomebis TiTqmis erT meoTxedSi ver uzrunvelyo informaciis winaswar gamoqveyneba.

•

monitoringis wina periodebis msgavsad, winasasamarTlo sxdomebi ZiriTadad isev rutinulad mimdinareobda. sasamarTloebi, rogorc wesi, eTanxmebodnen prokuraturis Suamdgomlobas mtkicebulebebis wardgenis Sesaxeb. dacva, ZiriTadad, Tavs ikavebda rogorc sakuTari mtkicebulebis wardgenis, ise braldebis mxaris mtkicebulebebis dauSveblad cnobis moTxovnisagan. dacva metad aqtiuri iyo gaxmaurebul saqmeebSi.

•

rac Seexeba Cxrekasa da amoRebas, kvlav arsebobs mizezi, rom eWvi SevitanoT samarTaldamcavi organoebisa da sasamarTlos mier im valdebulebebis SesrulebaSi, romlis mixedviTac, maT ar unda Caataron an daakanonon iseTi Cxreka da amoReba, sadac saTanadod ar iqneba argumentirebuli gadaudebeli aucilebloba.

•

saproceso SeTanxmebis gaformebis procesi ucvleli darCa. sasamarTlo rCeboda mxolod pasiur rolSi da avtomaturad amtkicebda praqtikulad yvela saproceso SeTanxmebas. Tumca, kidev ufro Semcirda im saproceso SeTanxmebebis procentuli maCvenebeli, romlebic jarimas akisrebda. Semcirda jarimis saSualo odenobac.

•

rac Seexeba braldebulis konkretul uflebebs, SesamCnevi cvlilebebi ar dafiqsirebula. Tumca, mosamarTleebi gacilebiT ukeT axerxebdnen braldebulTa informirebas maTi uflebebis Sesaxeb arasaTanado mopyrobis winaaRmdeg da imis gamorkvevisas, iyo

71

Tu ara saproceso SeTanxmebebi arasaTanado mopyrobis Sedegi. •

sasamarTlo procesebis droulad dawyeba kvlav problemad rCeba. procesze xSirad mosamarTleebi agvianeben.

rekomendaciebi yvela wina saangariSo periodisa da ukanaskneli dakvirvebis Sedegebis gaTvaliswinebiT, saiam moamzada Semdegi rekomendaciebi: 1. sasamarTloebma unda isargeblon maTTvis miniWebuli diskreciuli uflebiT aRkveTis RonisZiebis SefardebasTan dakavSirebiT. mosamarTleebma ufro xSirad unda gamoiyenon naklebad mkacri RonisZiebebi (alternatiuli RonisZiebebi, patimrobisa da giraos garda) Sesabamis SemTxvevaSi da saerTod uari unda Tqvan aRkveTis RonisZiebis gamoyenebaze, rodesac prokuratura ver asabuTebs misi gamoyenebis aucileblobas. sasamarTloebma aseve unda moiTxovon prokuraturisagan aRkveTis RonisZiebis ufro meti dasabuTeba da prokuraturas daakisron mtkicebis tvirTi, gansakuTrebiT, giraos moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi. 2. iseT braldebulebs, romelTac advokati ar hyavT, mosamarTleebma srulyofilad unda ganumarton yvela aRkveTis RonisZiebis saxe da maTi gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba. amasTan, mosamarTleebi ufro aqtiurad unda Seecadnen, sakuTari iniciativiT gamoarkvion, SesaZlebelia Tu ara giraosa da patimrobaze ufro msubuqi saxis aRkveTis RonisZiebis gamoyeneba.

3. saproceso SeTanxmebis gaformebisas, mosamarTleebi ar unda iyvnen aseTi pasiurebi: isini ar iyeneben uflebas, uari Tqvan saproceso SeTanxmebaze, an ar asruleben maTze dakisrebul valdebulebas sasjelis Sesabamisobis dadgenis TvalsazrisiT. mosamarTleebma unda miiRon saTanado zomebi, raTa ar arsebobdes eWvi sasjelisa da danaSaulis proporciulobasTan dakavSirebiT.

72

4. mowmeTa dakiTxvisas mosamarTlem unda daicvas kanoniT dadgenili wesi da mxolod mxareTa nebarTvis Semdeg unda dausvas mowmeebs SekiTxvebi.

5. sasamarTlom unda Camoayalibos erTgvarovani praqtika gamoZiebis etapze mowmis mier micemuli Cvenebis sasamarTloze gamoqveynebasa da, agreTve, mxaris mier gaprotestebuli kiTxvis daSvebasTan mimarTebiT. sasamarTlom, aseve, unda gamoricxos araerTgvarovani midgoma calkeul braldebulebTan dakavSirebiT. 6. aucilebelia, rom advokatebi saqmis ganxilvis yvela etapze aqtiurad da damajereblad axorcielebdnen dacvis uflebas.

7. mosamarTleebma unda gamoiyenon yvela Tanazomieri RonisZieba, raTa uzrunvelyon sasamarTlo darbazSi wesrigis dacva da mxareebs xeli ar SeeSaloT TavianTi poziciebis srulyofilad warmodgenaSi. 8. aucilebelia, rom mosamarTleebma srulyofilad da gasagebad ganumarton braldebuls maTi yvela ufleba.

9. kanoni unda Seicvalos, raTa gafarTovdes mosamarTlis uflebamosileba braldebulTa mimarT savaraudo arasaTanado mopyrobis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad. amasTan, prokurorebma, yvela aseTi SemTxvevis dafiqsirebis dros unda moaxdinon Sesabamisi reagireba.

10. unda daixvewos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis Sesabamisi normebi, romlebic mowmis dacvis specialur RonisZiebebs exeba: gafarTovdes misi gamoyenebis safuZvlebi; prokuraturasa da Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosTvis miniWebuli uflebamosileba _ ganaxorcielon aRniSnuli RonisZieba _ gadaeces sxva iseT organos, romelic iqneba avtonomiurad gamijnuli sagamoZiebo funqciisgan.

11. saproceso kanonmdeblobaSi unda Sevides cvlileba, romelic braldebuls miscems saSualebas, moiTxovos Tavisi saqmis nafic msajulTa mier ganxilva, im SemTxvevaSic, Tuki winasasamarTlo sxdomaze mosamarTlem

73

mas, kanonis sawinaaRmdegod, ar ganumarta es ufleba da ise gadasca saqme arsebiTad gansaxilvelad.

12. sasamarTloebi da samarTaldamcavi organoebi meti pasuxismgeblobiT unda moekidnen Cxrekisa da amoRebis RonisZiebas. samarTaldamcavma organoebma mxolod ukidures SemTxvevaSi unda Caataron aRniSnuli RonisZieba sasamarTlos winaswari nebarTvis gareSe, mosamarTlem ki, mxolod safuZvliani Semowmebis Semdeg unda daakanonos aseTi gziT Catarebuli Cxrekisa da amoRebis RonisZieba.

13. sasamarTlom unda uzrunvelyos sxdomis Sesaxeb srulyofili da marTebuli informaciis winaswar gamoqveyneba, agreTve _ sazogadoebis Tavisufali daswreba nafic msajulTa SerCevis sxdomebze, romlebic mosamarTlis gadawyvetilebiT daxurulad ar aris gamocxadebuli. amasTan, mosamarTlem gonivrulad unda gamoiyenos kanonmdeblobiT misTvis miniWebuli sxdomis daxurvis ufleba, rodesac es aucilebelia mxaris interesebis dasacavad.

14. sasamarTlom yvela Sesabamis SemTxvevaSi unda uzrunvelyos Tarjimnis yolis uflebiT srulyofilad sargebloba, kvalificiuri Tarjimnis momsaxurebiT.

74

danarTebi Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlo sasamarTloSi pirveli wardgena – daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 64 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis 64 Sesaxeb? ki 0

0%

ara

64 100%

vinmem ganacxada, rom naTeli an gasagebi ar iyo mosamarTlis saubari? (mxolod 3 SemTxvevaSi iyo mosamarTlis saubari gaugebari) ki

3

1

33%

ara

2

67%

yvelasaTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba? ki

64 63

98%

ara

1

2%

mosamarTlem braldebuls yvela ufleba ganumarta? ki

64 44

69%

ara

20

31%

braldebulisTvis ganmartebuli uflebebi misTvis naTeli da gasagebi iyo? ki

64 55

86%

ara

9

14%

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mowveuli iyo Tarjimani? (Tarjimnis procesze daswreba TavisTavad ar niSnavs, rom Tarjimnis yolis ufleba realizebulia, magaliTad, Tuki Tarjimani aSkarad ar/ver asrulebs Tavis movaleobas)

64

75

ki

1

2%

ara

0

0%

Tarjimnis mowveva ar iyo saWiro

63

98%

SerCeuli aRkveTis RonisZieba (daswrebul sxdomebze sasamarTlom mTlianobaSi 73 braldebulis mimarT imsjela aRkveTis RonisZiebis SefardebasTan dakavSirebiT)

73

girao

42

58%

patimroba

28

39%

piradi Tavdeboba

1

1%

saTanado qcevis da gausvlelobis Sesaxeb SeTanxmeba samxedro mosamsaxuris qcevisadmi sardlobis meTvalyureoba aRkveTis RonisZiebis gareSe gaTavisuflda

1

1%

0

0%

1

1%

mosamarTlem acnoba braldebuls arasaTanado 64 mopyrobis Sesaxeb saCivris wardgenis uflebis Taobaze? ki 56 87.5% ara

8 12.5%

mosamarTlem hkiTxa braldebuls, hqonda Tu ara mas raime saCivari uflebaTa darRvevis Sesaxeb? ki

64

53

83%

ara

11

17%

76

winasasamarTlo sxdomebi – daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 50 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis Sesaxeb? ki

24 48%

ara

26 92%

yvelasaTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba? ki

50

ara

3

mosamarTlem braldebuls yvela ufleba ganumarta? ki

50 21 42%

ara

16 32%

monitorma ver SeZlo monacemis dafiqsireba (sxdoma gadaido; braldebuli ar eswreboda) braldebulisaTvis ganmartebuli uflebebi misTvis naTeli da gasagebi iyo? ki

13 26%

26 52%

ara

11 22%

monitorma ver SeZlo monacemis dafiqsireba (sxdoma gadaido; braldebuli ar eswreboda) prokurorma daayena Suamdgomloba mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Sesaxeb? (15 sxdoma gadaido) ki

13 26%

ara

50

47 94% 6%

50

35

35 100% 0

Suamdgomloba dakmayofilda?

0% Â

ki

31 89%

ara

1

3%

sxdoma gadaido

3

8%

77

dacvam dauWira mxari?

Â

ki

27 77%

ara

8

Cxrekisa da amoRebis SemTxvevebSi

21

RonisZieba Catarda sasamarTlos nebarTviT

2

Catarebulis dakanoneba mogvianebiT moxda sasamarTlos mier dacvam waradgina Suamdgomloba mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Sesaxeb? (16 sxdoma gadaido) ki

19 90%

ara

23% 10%

34

15 44% 19 56%

Suamdgomloba dakmayofilda? ki

12 80%

ara

0

0%

sxdoma gadaido

3

20%

braldebam dauWira mxari? ki

11 73%

ara

3

20%

sxdoma gadaido

1

7%

dakmayofilda prokuroris mier wardgenil mtkicebulebaTa nusxa? srulad

35

nawilobriv

1

3%

ar dakmayofilda

1

3%

sxdoma gadaido

3

8%

dakmayofilda dacvis mier wardgenil mtkicebulebaTa nusxa? srulad

15

78

30 86%

12 80%

nawilobriv

0

0%

ar dakmayofilda

0

0%

sxdoma gadaido

3

20%

arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdomebi – daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 150 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis 150 Sesaxeb? ki 114

76%

ara

36

24%

yvelasaTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba? (1 sxdoma daixura) ki

149 138

93%

ara

11

7%

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mowveuli iyo Tarjimani? (1 sxdoma daixura) (Tarjimnis procesze daswreba TavisTavad ar niSnavs, rom Tarjimnis yolis ufleba realizebulia, magaliTad, Tuki Tarjimani aSkarad ar/ver asrulebs Tavis movaleobas)

149

ki

2

1.3%

ara

1

0.7%

146

98%

Tarjimnis mowveva ar iyo aucilebeli gadawyvetileba sajarod gamocxadda? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 5 SemTxvevaSi) ki

5

5

100%

ara

0

0%

mosamarTlem braldebuls yvela ufleba ganumarta? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 18 SemTxvevaSi)

18

79

ki

10 55.5%

ara

6

33.5%

sxdoma gadaido

1

5.5%

braldebuli ar eswreboda sxdomas

1

5.5%

braldebulisaTvis ganmartebuli uflebebi misTvis naTeli da gasagebi iyo? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 18 SemTxvevaSi) ki

18

14

78%

ara

2

11%

sxdoma gadaido

1

5.5%

braldebuli ar eswreboda sxdomas

1

5.5%

mowmeebi imyofebodnen sxdomis darbazSi dakiTxvamde? (braldebulTa gamoklebiT, romlebic eswrebian sxdomas) ki

59

2

3%

ara

57

97%

mosamarTlem dausva kiTxvebi mowmeebs romelime mxaris saxeliT? (braldebulTa da eqspertTa CaTvliT; es cifri aRniSnavs im sxdomaTa raodenobas, romlebzec daikiTxnen mowmeebi da ara mowmeTa saerTo raodenobas)

59

ki

6

10%

ara

53

90%

braldebis saxeliT

1

17%

dacvis saxeliT

0

0%

orives saxeliT

5

83%

romeli mxaris saxeliT?

80

saproceso SeTanxmebebi ­– daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 51 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis 51 Sesaxeb? ki 21

41%

ara

30

59%

yvelasaTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba? ki

51

ara

0

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mowveuli iyo Tarjimani? (Tarjimnis procesze daswreba TavisTavad ar niSnavs, rom Tarjimnis yolis ufleba realizebulia, magaliTad, Tuki Tarjimani aSkarad ar/ver asrulebs Tavis movaleobas)

51

ki

2

4%

ara

0

0%

Tarjimnis mowveva ar iyo aucilebeli

49

96%

51 100% 0%

mosamarTlem ganumarta braldebuls, rom mis 51 mier wamebis, araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis faqtze saCivris Setana xels ar SeuSlida kanonis dacviT dadebuli saproceso SeTanxmebis damtkicebas? ki

43

84%

ara

8

16%

mosamarTlem braldebuls yvela ufleba ganumarta? (es SekiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 31 SemTxvevaSi, rodesac pirvelad gaixsna sxdoma)

31

ki

15

48%

ara

16

52%

81

braldebulisaTvis uflebebis ganmarteba naTeli da gasagebi iyo? (es SekiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 31 SemTxvevaSi, rodesac pirvelad gaixsna sxdoma)

31

ki

23

74%

ara

8

26%

quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTlo sasamarTloSi pirveli wardgena – daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 23 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis 23 Sesaxeb? ki 0

0%

ara

23 100%

yvelasaTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba? ki

23 22

96%

ara (patara darbazSi Catarda)

1

4%

mosamarTlem braldebuls yvela ufleba ganumarta? ki

23 12

52%

ara

10

44%

sxdomas braldebuli ar eswreboda

1

4%

braldebulisaTvis ganmartebuli uflebebi misTvis naTeli da gasagebi iyo? ki

23 18

78%

ara

4

18%

sxdomas braldebuli ar eswreboda

1

4%

82

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mowveuli iyo Tarjimani? (Tarjimnis procesze daswreba TavisTavad ar niSnavs, rom Tarjimnis yolis ufleba realizebulia, magaliTad, Tuki Tarjimani aSkarad ar/ver asrulebs Tavis movaleobas)

23

ki

0

0%

ara

0

0%

Tarjimnis mowveva ar iyo saWiro

23 100%

SerCeuli aRkveTis RonisZieba (daswrebul sxdomebze sasamarTlom mTlianobaSi 33 braldebuls Seufarda aRkveTis RonisZieba) girao

33

16

48%

patimroba

17

52%

piradi Tavdeboba

0

0%

saTanado qcevis da gausvlelobis Sesaxeb 0 SeTanxmeba samxedro mosamsaxuris qcevisadmi sardlobis 0 meTvalyureoba mosamarTlem acnoba braldebuls arasaTanado 23 mopyrobis Sesaxeb saCivris wardgenis uflebis Taobaze? ki 21

0%

92%

ara

1

4%

braldebuli ar eswreboda sxdomas

1

4%

mosamarTlem hkiTxa braldebuls, hqonda Tu ara mas raime saCivari uflebaTa darRvevis Sesaxeb? ki

23

19

83%

ara

3

13%

braldebuli ar eswreboda sxdomas

1

4%

0%

83

winasasamarTlo sxdomebi – daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 33 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis 33 Sesaxeb? ki 32

97%

ara

1

3%

yvelasTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba? ki

33 29

88%

ara (1 sxdoma daixura)

4

12%

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mowveuli iyo Tarjimani? (Tarjimnis procesze daswreba TavisTavad ar niSnavs, rom Tarjimnis yolis ufleba realizebulia, magaliTad, Tuki Tarjimani aSkarad ar/ver asrulebs Tavis movaleobas)

33

ki

1

3%

ara

0

0%

Tarjimnis mowveva ar iyo saWiro

32

97%

mosamarTlem braldebuls yvela ufleba ganumarta? ki

33 5

15%

ara

24

73%

monitorma ver SeZlo monacemis dafiqsireba (sxdoma gadaido; braldebuli ar eswreboda) braldebulisaTvis ganmartebuli uflebebi misTvis naTeli da gasagebi iyo? ki

4

12%

33 8

24%

ara

21

64%

monitorma ver SeZlo monacemis dafiqsireba (sxdoma gadaido; braldebuli ar eswreboda)

4

12%

84

prokurorma daayena Suamdgomloba mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Sesaxeb? (5 sxdoma gadaido) ki

28

ara

0

28 100%

Suamdgomloba dakmayofilda?

0% Â

ki

28 100%

ara

0

dacvam dauWira mxari?

0% Â

ki

25

89%

ara

3

11%

Cxrekisa da amoRebis SemTxvevebSi

17

RonisZieba Catarda sasamarTlos nebarTviT

0

Catarebulis dakanoneba mogvianebiT moxda sasamarTlos mier dacvam waradgina Suamdgomloba mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis Sesaxeb? (5 sxdoma gadaido) ki

17 100%

0%

28

8

29%

20

71%

ki

8

100%

ara

0

0%

ki

5

62.5%

ara

3

37.5%

dakmayofilda prokuroris mier wardgenil mtkicebulebaTa nusxa? srulad

28

ara Suamdgomloba dakmayofilda?

braldebam dauWira mxari?

27

96%

85

nawilobriv

1

4%

ar dakmayofilda

0

0%

dakmayofilda dacvis mier wardgenil mtkicebulebaTa nusxa? srulad

8

100%

8

100%

nawilobriv

0

0%

ar dakmayofilda

0

0%

arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdomebi – daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 121 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis 121 Sesaxeb? ki 121 100% ara yvelasaTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba? (1 sxdoma daxuruli iyo) ki ara saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mowveuli iyo Tarjimani? (1 sxdoma daixura) Tarjimnis procesze daswreba TavisTavad ar niSnavs, rom Tarjimnis yolis ufleba realizebulia, magaliTad, Tuki Tarjimani aSkarad ar/ver asrulebs Tavis movaleobas)

0

0%

120 119

99%

1

1%

120 100%

ki

0

0%

ara

0

0%

Tarjimnis mowveva ar iyo aucilebeli

120 100%

gadawyvetileba sajarod gamocxadda? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 13 SemTxvevaSi) ki

13

86

13

100%

ara

0

0%

mosamarTlem braldebuls yvela ufleba ganumarta? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 15 SemTxvevaSi) ki

15

5

33.5%

ara

5

33.5%

sxdoma gadaido

3

20%

braldebuli ar eswreboda sxdomas

2

13%

braldebulisaTvis ganmartebuli uflebebi misTvis naTeli da gasagebi iyo? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 15 SemTxvevaSi) ki

15

8

54%

ara

2

13%

sxdoma gadaido

3

20%

braldebuli ar eswreboda sxdomas

2

13%

mowmeebi imyofebodnen sxdomis darbazSi dakiTxvamde? (braldebulTa gamoklebiT, romlebic eswrebian sxdomas) ki

53

1

1%

ara

52

99%

mosamarTlem dausva kiTxvebi mowmeebs romelime mxaris saxeliT? (braldebulTa da eqspertTa CaTvliT; es cifri aRniSnavs im sxdomaTa raodenobas, romlebzec daikiTxnen mowmeebi da ara mowmeTa saerTo raodenobas)

53

ki

12

23%

ara

41

77%

braldebis saxeliT

1

8%

dacvis saxeliT

1

8%

romeli mxaris saxeliT?

87

orives saxeliT

10

84%

raime instruqcia misca mosamarTlem romelime mxares? (1 sxdoma daixura) ki

120 19

16%

ara

101

84%

braldebas

5

26%

dacvas

13

69%

orives

1

5%

romel mxares?

saproceso SeTanxmebebi ­– daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 17 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis 17 Sesaxeb? ki 14

82%

ara

3

18%

yvelasaTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba? ki

17

ara

0

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mowveuli iyo Tarjimani? (Tarjimnis procesze daswreba TavisTavad ar niSnavs, rom Tarjimnis yolis ufleba realizebulia, magaliTad, Tuki Tarjimani aSkarad ar/ver asrulebs Tavis movaleobas)

17

ki

1

6%

ara

0

0%

Tarjimnis mowveva ar iyo aucilebeli

16

94%

88

17 100% 0%

mosamarTlem ganumarta braldebuls, rom mis mier wamebis, araadamianuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis faqtze saCivris Setana xels ar SeuSlis kanonis dacviT dadebuli saproceso SeTanxmebis damtkicebas?

17

ki

15

88%

ara

2

12%

mosamarTlem braldebuls yvela ufleba ganumarta? (es SekiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 11 SemTxvevaSi, rodesac pirvelad gaixsna sxdoma)

11

ki

8

73%

ara

3

27%

braldebulisaTvis uflebebis ganmarteba naTeli da gasagebi iyo? (es SekiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 11 SemTxvevaSi, rodesac pirvelad gaixsna sxdoma)

11

ki

9

82%

ara

2

18%

raime instruqcia misca mosamarTlem romelime 17 mxares? ki 1

6%

ara

16

94%

dacvas

1

100%

braldebas

0

0%

romel mxares?

89

Tbilisisa da quTaisis saqalaqo sasamarTloebi arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdomebi saapelacio sasamarTloebSi – daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 11 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis 11 Sesaxeb? ki 11 100% ara

0

0%

yvelasaTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba? ki

11

ara

0

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, mowveuli iyo Tarjimani? (Tarjimnis procesze daswreba TavisTavad ar niSnavs, rom Tarjimnis yolis ufleba realizebulia, magaliTad, Tuki Tarjimani aSkarad ar/ver asrulebs Tavis movaleobas)

11 100%

ki

0

0%

ara

0

0%

Tarjimnis mowveva ar iyo aucilebeli

11 100%

11 100%

mosamarTlem braldebuls yvela ufleba 1 ganumarta? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 1 SemTxvevaSi) ki 0

0%

0%

ara

1

braldebulisaTvis ganmartebuli uflebebi misTvis naTeli da gasagebi iyo? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 1 SemTxvevaSi) ki

1

1

100%

ara

0

0%

ras efuZneboda gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba?

11

90

100%

ganaCenis kanonierebas

3

27%

ganaCenis dasabuTebulobas

8

73%

nafic msajulTa SerCevis sxdomebi – daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 6 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis Sesaxeb? ki

6 3

50%

ara

3

50%

yvelasTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba? ki

6

ara

0

0%

100 100%

mosamarTlem msajulobis kandidatebs ganumarta kanoni, romelic gamoyenebuli iqneba saqmis ganxilvisas? ki

6

5

83%

ara

1

17%

romelime mxarem daayena Suamdgomloba mosamarTlis mier msajulebisaTvis micemuli instruqciis Secvlis an damatebis Sesaxeb ? ki

6

0

0%

ara

6

100%

msajulobis kandidatma raime ikiTxa an raime SeniSvna gaakeTa? ki

6 2

33%

ara

4

67%

braldebis mxarem dausva kiTxvebi msajulobis kandidats? (1 sxdoma iyo saboloo SerCevis sxdoma, sadac mxolod SerCeul kandidatTa saxelebi unda gamocxadebuliyo)

5

91

ki

5

100%

ara

0

0%

dacvis mxarem dausva kiTxvebi msajulobis kandidats? (1 sxdoma iyo saboloo SerCevis sxdoma, sadac mxolod SerCeul kandidatTa saxelebi unda gamocxadebuliyo)

5

ki

5

100%

ara

0

0%

romelime mxarem warmoadgina damatebiTi masalebi msajulobis kandidatis acilebasTan dakavSirebiT? ki

6

0

0%

ara

6

100%

Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlo sxdomebi nafici msajulebis monawileobiT – daswrebuli sxdomebis raodenoba: 11 sajarod gamocxadda Tu ara sxdomis Catarebis Sesaxeb? ki ara yvelasaTvis iyo SesaZlebeli sxdomaze daswreba ? ki

10 1 11

ara

0

mosamarTlem braldebuls yvela ufleba ganumarta? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 2 SemTxvevaSi) ki

2

2

100%

ara

0

0%

92

11 91% 9%

11 100% 0%

braldebulisaTvis ganmartebuli uflebebi misTvis naTeli da gasagebi iyo? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 2 SemTxvevaSi) ki

2

2

100%

ara

0

0%

dades fici naficma msajulebma? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 6 sxdomaze) ki

6 6

100%

ara

0

0%

mosamarTlem gaafrTxila nafici msajulebi movaleobaTa Seusruleblobis SemTxvevaSi Sesabamisi pasuxismgeblobis Sesaxeb? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 6 sxdomaze)

6

ki

4

67%

ara

0

0%

monitorma ver SeZlo monacemis dafiqsireba

2

33%

mosamarTlem nafic msajulebs saTaTbiro oTaxSi gasvlamde misca Sesabamisi miTiTebebi? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 2 sxdomaze)

2

ki

2

100%

ara

0

0%

nawilobriv

0

0%

romelime mxarem daayena Suamdgomloba mosamarTlis mier nafici msajulebisaTvis micemul ganmartebebSi cvlilebebis/ damatebebis Setanis Sesaxeb? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 3 SemTxvevaSi)

3

ki

1

33%

ara

2

67%

romelma mxarem? dacvam

1

93

braldebam

0

mosamarTlem raime formiT xom ar gamoxata Tavisi piradi damokidebuleba nafic msajulTa gadasawyvet sakiTxebze? ki

11

ara

11 100%

procesi imgvarad warimarTa, rom nafic msajulebs hqondaT SesaZlebloba, daenaxaT, gaegonaT da gaegoT yvelaferi, rac sxdomis darbazSi xdeboda?

11

ki

11 100%

ara

0

romelime msajulma wuxili xom ar gamoTqva imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom misTvis yvelaferi, an procesis raRac nawili gaugebari iyo? ki

11

ara

11 100%

verdiqtis gamotanis Semdeg mosamarTlem an mxareebma xom ar gamoxates Tavisi mosazreba mis samarTlianobasTan dakavSirebiT? (es kiTxva relevanturi iyo mxolod 1 sxdomaze)

1

ki

0

0%

ara

1

100%

94

0

0

0%

0%

0%