BID4001 PLANNING STUDIO VII: DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL 2020/2021 (SEMESTER 1)
Prepared for: Associate Professor Dr. Melasutra Md Dali Dr. Peter Aning Tedong Mr. Afzal Bin Azhari FACULTY OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA 50603 KUALA LUMPUR
Prepared by: Ahmad Fariz Al Hazmi Ain Asyiqeen Binti Mohd Fuad Anas Malek Bin Ishak Danial Ameerul Bin Rosman Nur Amirah Binti Azmi Nurul Farisya Binti Asnil
BID170703 / 17171848/1 BID170001 / 17089648/1 BID170003 / 17174614/1 BID170006 / 17089240/1 BID170019 / 17197319/1 BID170025 / 17087488/1
DEPARTMENT OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING FACULTY OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA 50603 KUALA LUMPUR Submission Date 10th December 2020
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, we would like to express our highest gratitude to our studio master, Associate Professor Madya Dr. Melasutra binti Md. Dali , Dr. Peter Aning Anak Tedong and Mr. Afzal for guiding us in preparing this inception report. Professor Madya Dr. Melasutra has given clear instructions to the whole class, and always answers our questions and addresses our queries. We would also like to thank Dr. Peter and Encik Afzal for the great help we have received from them. Through the critic sessions with them, we have been able to fix our mistakes and greatly improve for the outcome of this report. We appreciate both our lecturers for being patient and giving their time to help us prepare this inception report. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the effort of every single group member of the Divine Keramat Planning Consultant for their cooperation and commitments in preparing this report. Each and everyone has played their roles in contributing to the completion of this report.
DIVINE KERAMAT CONSULTANT
ABOUT US Divine Keramat Consultant is committed to sustainability and creating liveable communities in all of our projects. Our designs, blueprints, and planning solutions are dynamic which responds according to development needs; develop concepts and solutions that add value to the development, creating towns, cities and places that people care about while at parallel meeting local and global challenges. The company was established in 2020 by the graduates from University of Malaya (UM). Our visions is to be regarded as an industry Leader in the delivery of town planning advices and services to sponsors of complex and high value projects.
Address: Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDMENT ABOUT DIVINE KERAMAT CONSULTANT OUR TEAM CONTENTS LIST OF PLANS, FIGURES, CHARTS AND TABLES 1.0
INTRODUCTION
1-1
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
Introduction Aim & Objectives Scope of Study Methodology
1-2 1-2 1-3 1-4
1.5
Development Framework 1.5.1 Sustainable Development Goals 1.5.2 Eleventh Malaysia Plan 1.5.3 National Physical Plan 3 1.5.4 Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020 1.5.5 Kuala Lumpur City Plan 2020 1.5.6 National Urbanization Policy 2 1.5.7 National Housing Policy
1-5 1-5 1-6 1-6 1-7 1-7 1-8 1-8
Legislative Provision and Guidelines 1.6.1 Legislative Provision 1.6.2 Guidelines
1-9 1-9 1-10
1.6
2.0
CASE STUDY: URBAN TRADITIONAL VILLAGE OF KG. DATUK KERAMAT
2.1 2.2
Profile Of Kg. Datuk Keramat Profile Of Local Authority: Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur (DBKL) Profile of Developer Evolution Of Development Existing Development Concept
2-2
Sectoral Study 2.6.1 Demographic Profile 2.6.2 Land Use 2.6.3 Accessibility 2.6.4 Surrounding Development
2-12 2-12 2-14 2-15 2-16
Property Market Outlook 2.7.1 Malaysia Economic Performance Second Quarter 2020 2.7.2 Malaysia And Kuala Lumpur Residential Property Outlook 2.7.3 Bandar Kuala Lumpur Property Outlook
2-18
2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6
2.7
2-1
3.0
REVIEW: INDICATOR ASSESSMENT TOOLS
3.1
Selected Assessment Tools 3.1.1 MURNINets 3.1.2 LEED-ND Rating System 3.1.3 Liveability Index 3.1.4 DBKL Traditional Village Assessment 3.1.5 Vista Hamilton Urban Design Assessment
3-2 3-2 3-3 3-3
Custom Hybrid Assessment 3.2.1 Hybrid Dimension 1 – Heritage Identity & Urban Design 3.2.2 Hybrid Dimension 2 – Optimal Land Use 3.2.3 Hybrid Dimension 3 – Prosperous Community 3.2.4 Hybrid Dimension 4 – Commercial Accessibility 3.2.5 Hybrid Dimension 5 – Universally Accessible Institution & Public Facilities 3.2.6 Hybrid Dimension 6 – Efficient Infrastructure & Transportation 3.2.7 Hybrid Dimension 7 – Sustainable Environmental Quality
3-5
Hybrid Assessment Tools: Scoring System 3.3.1 Dimension Assessment Scoring 3.3.2 Overall Hybrid Assessment Scoring
3-17 3-17 3-17
2-6 2-6 2-7 2-10
3.2
2-18 2-19 2-23
3.3
3-1
3-4 3-4
3-6 3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11 3-13 3-16
CONTENTS
4.0
APPRAISAL & AUDIT
4-1
4.1
Physical Study 4.1.1 Land Use 4.1.2 Urban Design 4.1.3 Housing 4.1.4 Commercial 4.1.5 Infrastructure and Utilities 4.1.6 Institution and Public Facilities 4.1.7 Open Space and Recreation
4-1 4-3 4-8 4-15 4-23 4-34 4-41 4-51
4.2
Demographic and Social Study 4.2.1 Community Perception 4.2.2 Demographic Profile 4.2.3 Population Projection
4-56 4-57 4-59 4-60
4.3
Transportation and Traffic Study 4.3.1 Road Network 4.3.2 Traffic Management 4.3.3 Pedestrian Network 4.3.4 Public Transport 4.3.5 Mode of Transport 4.3.6 Parking Space 4.3.7 Guideline Compliance 4.3.8 Indicator Assessment 4.3.9 Sectoral Conclusion
4-61 4-62 4-66 4-74 4-76 4-85 4-86 4-90 4-93 4-96
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
Environmental Study 4.4.1 Climatic and Weather Condition 4.4.2 Existing Geographical Features and Water Bodies 4.4.3 Environmental Quality 4.4.4 Indicator Assessment 4.4.5 Sectoral Conclusion
4-97 4- 98
Heritage and Cultural Study 4.5.1 Kampung Datuk Keramat Historical Background 4.5.2 Heritage Building: Residential in Kg. Datuk Keramat 4.5.3 Cultural Identity 4.5.4 Indicator Assessment 4.5.5 Sectoral Conclusion
4-113
Market Study 4.6.1 KG Datuk Keramat Residential Property Outlook 4.6.2 Competition Analysis 4.6.3 Sectoral Conclusion
4-121
Hybrid Indicator Assessment Matrix 4.7.1 Dimension Assessment Matrix 4.7.2 Overall Hybrid Assessment Matrix
4-127 4-127 4-130
4-104 4-107 4-111 4-112
4-114 4-115 4-117 4-118 4-120
4-122 4-124 4-126
5.0
SYNTHESIS
5-1
5.1
5–2 5–2 5–4 5–7
5.2
Issues And Problems 5.1.1 Mobility Issue 5.1.2 Social And Safety Issue 5.1.3 Environmental Issue 5.1.4 Lack Of Identity And Image Quality As An Urban Traditional Village Swot Analysis
6.0
CONCLUSION
6-1
5–9 5–10
LIST OF PLANS Plan 2.1: Plan 2.2: Plan 2.3: Plan 2.4: Plan 2.5: Plan 4.1.1: Plan 4.1.2: Plan 4.1.3: Plan 4.1.4: Plan 4.1.5: Plan 4.1.6: Plan 4.1.7: Plan 4.1.8: Plan 4.1.9: Plan 4.1.10: Plan 4.3.1: Plan 4.3.2: Plan 4.3.3: Plan 4.3.4: Plan 4.3.5: Plan 4.4.1: Plan 4.4.2:
Key plan Location plan Site plan Existing Development Concept Surrounding Development Land Use Plan Urban Design Elements Plan 1 Urban Design Elements Plan 2 Residential Zone Plan Type of Housing Plan Types of Commercial Formal and Informal Sector Infrastructure and Utilities Plan Distribution of Institution & Public Facilities Catchment area of Institution & Public Facilities Road Hierarchy Plan Traffic Circulation Plan Traffic Calming Plan Pedestrian Network Plan Public Transit/Stop Distribution Plan Wind Direction and Sun Path Topography Plan
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Figure 1.2: Figure 1.3: Figure 1.4: Figure 1.5: Figure 1.6: Figure 1.7: Figure 1.8: Figure 1.9: Figure 1.10: Figure 1.11: Figure 1.12: Figure 1.13: Figure 1.14: Figure 1.15: Figure 1.16: Figure 1.17: Figure 2.1: Figure 2.2:
Taman Tasik Keramat Scope of study Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Six strategic thrust of 11th Malaysia Plan Goal NPP 3 Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020 KLCP2020 NUP2 Legislative Provision Act 19 Laws 1984 GPP15 GPP Kawasan Lapang Selangor Guideline GP001-A GP006-A GP0011-A DBKL logo UEM Group
Figure 2.3: Figure 2.4: Figure 2.5: Figure 2.6: Figure 2.7: Figure 2.8: Figure 2.9: Figure 2.10: Figure 2.11: Figure 2.12: Figure 2.13: Figure 2.14: Figure 2.15: Figure 2.16: Figure 3.1: Figure 3.2: Figure 3.3: Figure 3.4: Figure 3.5: Figure 4.1.1: Figure 4.1.2: Figure 4.1.3: Figure 4.1.4: Figure 4.1.5: Figure 4.1.6: Figure 4.1.7: Figure 4.1.8: Figure 4.1.9: Figure 4.1.10: Figure 4.1.11: Figure 4.1.13: Figure 4.1.14: Figure 4.1.15: Figure 4.1.16: Figure 4.1.17: Figure 4.1.18: Figure 4.1.19: Figure 4.1.20: Figure 4.1.21: Figure 4.1.22: Figure 4.1.23: Figure 4.1.24: Figure 4.1.25: Figure 4.1.26: Figure 4.1.27: Figure 4.1.28: Figure 4.1.29: Figure 4.1.30:
Chymes @ Gurney Kampung Datuk Keramat Land Use 1999 Kampung Datuk Keramat Development Change Kampung Datuk Keramat Total Population according to level of governance Gender distribution Ethnic group of Kg. Datuk Keramat Accessibility Kampung Warisan Condominium Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan Malaysia National Heart Institute Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre National Production and Expenditure Q2 2O2O Market Status Bandar Kuala Lumpur MURNINets logo Dimension, Theme and Indicators for MURNINets LEED-ND The Components of liveability index Criteria of Traditional Village in Kuala Lumpur Land Use category, type and number of unit Catchment area of mixed land use within city center Pasar Datuk Keramat as a centre of the site study area Mini UTC Keramat Activities held by the Al-Akram Mosque Lrt stations in study area Playground in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat Jogging Track in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat Pasar Keramat Narrow road at Pasar Keramat Pedestrian walkway with some obstruction No pedestrian crossing in front of school Unclear edges Pasar Lama Datuk Keramat Formal Economic Sector in Kampung Datuk Keramat Coconut Shake Stall Nasi Kukus Ayam Dara Informal Economic Sector in Kampung Datuk Keramat Air Selangor logo Water tank at Jalan Keramat Hujung Electric substation at Jalan Bomoh 120L rubbish bin provided by Alam Flora Sdn. Bhd. Bunus Regional Sewage Treatment Plant Recycling facilities at Rumah Pangsa Seri Perlis II Recycling facilities at Pangsapuri Bukit Keramat Total number of institution and public facilities Catchment area Al-Iqram mosque & Sekolah Kebangsaan Datuk Keramat 1 & 2 The distance between SK Datuk Keramat 1 & 2 and Datuk Keramat LRT Station The design of pedestrian walkway that was not designed for universal access
Figure 4.1.31: Figure 4.1.32: Figure 4.1.33: Figure 4.1.34: Figure 4.2.1: Figure 4.2.2: Figure 4.2.3: Figure 4.2.4: Figure 4.3.1: Figure 4.3.2: Figure 4.3.3: Figure 4.3.4: Figure 4.3.5: Figure 4.3.6: Figure 4.3.7: Figure 4.3.8: Figure 4.3.9: Figure 4.3.10: Figure 4.3.11: Figure 4.3.12: Figure 4.3.13: Figure 4.3.14: Figure 4.3.15: Figure 4.3.16: Figure 4.3.17: Figure 4.3.18: Figure 4.3.19: Figure 4.3.20: Figure 4.3.21: Figure 4.3.22: Figure 4.3.23: Figure 4.3.24: Figure 4.3.25: Figure 4.3.26: Figure 4.3.28: Figure 4.4.1: Figure 4.4.2: Figure 4.4.3: Figure 4.4.5: Figure 4.4.6: Figure 4.4.7: Figure 4.4.8: Figure 4.4.9: Figure 4.4.10: Figure 4.4.11: Figure 4.4.12: Figure 4.4.13: Figure 4.4.14:
Example of Active Recreation Example of Passive Recreation Catchment area for Open Space and Recreation Catchment area for Open Space and Recreation Respondent’s profile Estimated average household size of Kampung Datuk Keramat Estimated total population of Kampung Datuk Keramat Population projections AKLEV Connectivity Jalan Jelatek connectivity Road Cross Section Traffic Management at Jln. Datuk Keramat Combination Technique Combination Technique Weekday and weekend traffic Speed Bump and Sign Speed Red Color Road Traffic Signs Facilities In Kg. Datuk Keramat Street Lights Facilities In Major Road Pedestrian Network Existing Condition LRT KLJ Line Public Bus Services Public Bus Services LRT Damai Station Isochrone Map LRT Walking Distance LRT Jelatek Bus Stop Existing Condition Isochrone Map Bus Stop Walking Distance On-Street Parking Type Parking Type In Kg. Datuk Keramat Location of Selected Development for Parking Area Road Compliance Parking Compliance Walking Distance Public Tran Speed Limit Average Temperature Daily Average Temperature Average Wind Speed Relative humidity Effects of Humidity Average Annual Rainfall Average Monthly Rainfall Average UV Index Average Monthly UV Index Sungai Klang in between AKLEH Sungai Klang in between AKLEH Lake in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat Lake in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat
Figure 4.4.15: Figure 4.4.16: Figure 4.4.17: Figure 4.4.18: Figure 4.4.19: Figure 4.5.1: Figure 4.5.2: Figure 4.5.3: Figure 4.5.4: Figure 4.5.6: Figure 4.5.7: Figure 4.5.8: Figure 4.5.9 : Figure 4.5.10: Figure 4.5.11: Figure 5.1.1: Figure 5.1.2: Figure 5.1.4: Figure 5.1.5: Figure 5.1.6: Figure 5.1.7: Figure 5.1.8: Figure 5.1.9: Figure 5.1.10: Figure 5.1.11:
Topography Locations Flash Floods in Kampung Datuk Keramat Flash Floods in Kampung Datuk Keramat Building collapse due to sediment Shophouses affected by soil sediment caused by pump house project The gateway to celebrate the arrival of the third Prime Minister, in 1977 Side elevation of the original ‘RIDA’ house The design of the original ‘RIDA’ house The design after the house transformed completely The design after the house transformation 1 The design after the house transformation 2 The design after the house transformation 3 Inside of Pasar Keramat Bachtiar songkok at the Urban Transformation Centre in Keramat Background landscape of Kuala Lumpur City Main Issues Traffic CongestionFigure 5.1.3: Lower Walkability Example of Land Use Mismatch Informal house found in Kg. Datuk Keramat No proper pedestrian walkway with universal design Distance of surrounding facilities from Kg. Datuk Keramat Flashflood on 17 November 2020 Flashflood Flashflood Pasar Keramat which is less visible from Jalan Datuk Keramat
LIST OF CHARTS Chart 2.1: Chart 2.2: Chart 2.3: Chart 2.4: Chart 2.5: Chart 2.6: Chart 2.7: Chart 2.8: Chart 2.10: Chart 2.11: Chart 2.12: Chart 4.1.1: Chart 4.1.2: Chart 4.1.3: Chart 4.1.4: Chart 4.1.5:
Age group of Kg. Datuk Keramat Land Use category GDP Growth Malaysia Housing Supply H1 2020 Malaysia Housing Supply By Type H1 2020 Kuala Lumpur Housing Supply By Type H1 2020 Kuala Lumpur Housing Supply H1 2020 Kuala Lumpur Housing Transaction Change Kuala Lumpur Housing Transaction By Type H1 2020 Bandar Kuala Lumpur Housing Supply H1 2020 Bandar Kuala Lumpur Housing Transaction Satisfaction of Adequacy and Suitability of Road Sign Placement Percentage of existing housing by zone Percentage of housing type Percentage of Commercial Classification 4G Availability (percentage) in Kuala Lumpur
Chart 4.1.6: Download speed experience (Mbps) in Kuala Lumpur 2020 Chart 4.1.7: Upload speed experience (Mbps) in Kuala Lumpur 2020 Chart 4.1.8: Opinions on Open Space and Recreations provision Chart 4.1.9: Opinions on the accessibilities to the Open Space & Recreation Chart 4.1.10:Opinions on the functionality of Open Space and Recreations Chart 4.1.11:Opinions on maintenance of Open Space and Recreations Chart 4.1.12:Opinions on maintenance of open space and recreation Chart 4.2.1: Facilities and Amenities Satisfaction. Chart 4.2.2: Safety Perception Chart 4.2.3: Awareness On The Community Activities Chart 4.2.4: Mode of transportation Chart 4.2.5: Population projections from 2010 until 2040 Chart 4.3.1: Mode of Transport Chart 4.4.1: Water Quality Index for Sungai Klang Chart 4.5.1: Respondent opinion toward the importance of Pasar Keramat Chart 4.6.1: Median Sale in Keramat Chart 4.6.2: Sale Price State and Study Area Chart 5.1.1: Tree Problem Diagram Mobility Issue Chart 5.1.2: Tree Problem Diagram Social and Safety Issue Chart 5.1.3: Opinions on the provisino of Open Space and Recreations Chart 5.1.4: Tree Problem Diagram Environmental Issue Chart 5.1.5: Respondent’s opinion on the water interruption’s factor Chart 5.1.6: Fishbone Problem Diagram Identity and Image Quality Issue
LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Table 2.2: Table 3.1: Table 3.2: Table 3.3: Table 3.4: Table 3.5: Table 3.6: Table 3.7: Table 3.8: Table 3.9: Table 4.1.1: Table 4.1.2: Table 4.1.3: Table 4.1.4:
Total population according to mukim in W.P Kuala Lumpur Distribution of surrounding development Dimension 1 - Heritage Identity & Urban Design Dimension 2 – Optimal Land Use Dimension 3 – Prosperous Community Dimension 4 – Commercial Accessibility Dimension 5 – Universally Accessible Institutions & Public Facilities Dimension 6 – Efficient Infrastructure and Transportation Dimension 7 – Sustainable Environmental Quality Overall Hybrid Assessment Scoring Custom Hybrid Assessment Tools Scoring System Land Use category, area (acre) and percentage Land Use category Indicator Assessment Land Use Assessment compliancy urban design
Table 4.1.5: The housing composition according to the zone Table 4.1.6: The type of housing Table 4.1.7: Indicator in determining housing condition Table 4.1.8: Housing condition for each zone in Kampung Datuk Keramat Table 4.1.9: Compliance assessment for the residential area Table 4.1.10: Indicator assessment Housing Table 4.1.11: Commercial classification Table 4.1.12: Percentage of Commercial Classification Table 4.1.13: List of Formal Business in Kampung Datuk Keramat Table 4.1.14: List of Informal Business in Kampung Datuk Keramat Table 4.1.15: Guidelines compliancy (Physical Study: Commercial) Table 4.1.16: Indicator Assessment Commercial Table 4.1.17: Bukit Nanas Water Treatment Plant Table 4.1.18: Expected water supply demand in Kg. Datuk Keramat Table 4.1.19: Expected electric supply demand in Kg. Datuk Keramat Table 4.1.20: Assessment compliancy infrastructure and utilities Table 4.1.21: Religious facilities Table 4.1.22: Recreational and sport facilities Table 4.1.23: Educational facilities Table 4.1.24: Community facilities Table 4.1.25: Safety and security facilities Table 4.1.26: Guideline assessment for institution and public facilities Table 4.1.27: Indicator Assessment Institution and Public Facilities Table 4.1.28: Hierarchy of Open Space Table 4.1.29: Hierarchy of existing Open Space and Recreation Table 4.1.30: Guideline Assessment for Open Space and Recreation Table 4.1.31: Indicator Assessment Open Space Table 4.1.32: Indicator Assessment Open Space Table 4.2.1: The population target information of Kuala Lumpur Table 4.3.1: Road Hierarchy Table 4.3.2: Road Geometric Table 4.3.3: Traffic Circulation Table 4.3.4: Road Intersection Table 4.3.5: Level of Service Table 4.3.6: Traffic Flow Condition Table 4.3.7: Road Speed Bump Number Table 4.3.8: Walkway Provision Table 4.3.9: Public Bus Service Table 4.3.10: LRT Station Facilities Table 4.3.11: Isochrone Map LRT Table 4.3.12: Existing Condition Bus Stop Table 4.3.13: Isochrone Map LRT
Table 4.3.14: Existing Condition Bus Stop Table 4.3.15: Guideline Compliancy Roadways Table 4.3.16: Guideline Compliancy Roadways Table 4.4.1: Average Annual Temperature Table 4.4.2: Average Monthly Temperature Table 4.4.3: Average Annual Wind Speed Table 4.4.4: Average Monthly Wind Speed Table 4.4.5: Effects of wind speed Table 4.4.6: Average Annual Humidity Table 4.4.7: Average Monthly Humidity Table 4.4.8: Average Annual Rainfall Table 4.4.9: Average Monthly Rainfall Table 4.4.10: Average Annual UV index Table 4.4.11: Average Monthly UV Index Table 4.4.12: Average Monthly UV Index Table 4.4.13: Water Quality Index levels Table 4.4.14: Water Quality Index for Sungai Klang Table 4.4.15: Water Parameter Agent Table 4.4.16: Classification of water quality index (Parameter based) Table 4.4.17: Parameter Trend for Klang River Table 4.4.18: Air Quality Index for Kampung Datuk Keramat for 2018 - 2019 Table 4.4.19: Daily AQI Table 4.4.20: AQI Level Table 4.4.21: Indicator Assessment (Environmental Study) Table 4.5.1: Indicator Assessment Heritage and Urban Design Table 4.6.1: Sale Price By Property Type Table 4.6.2: Property Transaction Table 4.6.3: Resale Analysis Detached Table 4.6.4: Resale Analysis Condominium Table 4.6.5: Neighborhood Competition Analysis Table 4.6.6: Landed Property Competition Analysis Table 4.6.7: Stratified Property Competition Analysis Table 4.7.1: Dimension 1 Assessment Matrix Table 4.7.2: Dimension 2 Assessment Matrix Table 4.7.3: Dimension 3 Assessment Matrix Table 4.7.4: Dimension 4 Assessment Matrix Table 4.7.5: Dimension 5 Assessment Matrix Table 4.7.6: Dimension 6 Assessment Matrix Table 4.7.7: Dimension 7 Assessment Matrix Table 4.7.8: Overall Hybrid Assessment Matrix Table 5.1: SWOT Analysis
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 AIM & OBJECTIVES
As what has been mentioned in the previous Inception Report, despite the absence of legal requirements for a development to be appraised and audited, the developmental appraising process is crucial to achieve desirable and livable urban traditional village. The process of auditing and appraising a neighborhood is done through the observation on the existing development and buildings aligning the components with the current development plans, policies and guidelines.
This report aims to audit and appraise the development of urban traditional village, Kg Datuk Keramat, in the context of guidelines compliancy and sustainability approach assessment. There are 3 objectives:
This study is specified in appraising a mature neighborhood that has been assigned and the outcome of the appraised data and information will then be portrayed in this Appraisal Report. This report is specifically made based on the appraisal made on Kampung Datuk Keramat, which is also better known as one of the important heritage assets lies in Kuala Lumpur. The study done for this report started with the desktop study on the current existing and condition of the whole study area and the data obtained are explained in Chapter 4 along with the compliancy with the current guidelines. The study involves physical, demographic and social, traffic and transport, environmental, heritage and market study. To complete the assessment and auditing study on the area, several assessment tools are used which are MURNINets, LEED, Livability Index and Vista Hamilton Urban Design Assessment. These four tools are merged and adapted for the components to match the description of Kg. Datuk Keramat. This report will also be focusing on the acts, policies and guidelines, referred by the group members while assessing the information obtained.
Objective 1 To analyze the existing condition of Kg. Datuk Keramat in terms of physical, social and economic development.
Objective 2 To assess the compliancy of the development in Kg Datuk Keramat with the planning guideline provision and sustainable development framework Objective 3 To identify issues and problems based on each sectoral study in Kg Datuk Keramat.
Figure 1.1: Taman Tasik Keramat Source: Google
1.0 INTRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
1-2
1.3 SCOPE OF STUDY This development audit and appraisal is carried out at urban traditional village, Kampung Datuk Keramat. This area is under the jurisdiction and administration of Kuala Lumpur City Council (DBKL). As gazette in Kuala Lumpur City Plan 2020 (KLCP 2020), this piece of land is a mixed-use zoning comprises of residential, commercial, institutions, infrastructure as well as open space. Figure 1.2 shows the scope of study for this development appraisal report. Physical components that are existed in the site are ought to be assessed thoroughly especially land use, housing, commercial area, open space and recreational area, public facilities, urban design and lastly, infrastructure and utilities. Aside from physical study. There are other important components that will be explored in this study such as demographic and social study, transportation and traffic study, environmental study and cultural and heritage study. Each of these components holds a crucial aspect to the evaluation and appraisal of Kg. Datuk Keramat. Furthermore, Market analysis will focus on the property price, transaction price as well as the market volume. The study of Surrounding development are carried out based on the direct and indirect impact of the development of Kampung Datuk Keramat towards the surrounding neighborhoods and vice versa. Assessment tools are tools will be used as indicator to assess Kampung Datuk Keramat in several aspects. There are 5 selected assessment tools which are; MURNInet, LEED-ND, Livability Index, Vista Hamilton Urban Design Assessment and for criteria of traditional village assessment by DBKL. Lastly, from these 5 assessment tools, Hybrid assessment tool is produced to meet the suitability with the unique study area as an urban traditional village.
SCOPE OF STUDY
`
Physical
Demographic & Social
Property Market Outlook
Land Use Urban Design Housing
Assessment Tools
MURNInets Rating System Transport & Traffic
Surrounding Development
LEED Assessment
Commercial
Livability Index
Institution & Public Facilities
Vista Hamilton Urban Design Assessment
Infrastructure & Utilities
Environment
DBKL Traditional Village Criteria
Open Space & Recreation Culture & Heritage
Hybrid Assessment
Figure 1.2: Scope of study
1.0 INTRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
1-3
1.4 METHODOLOGY STAGE 1: PRELIMINARY STUDY Preliminary study is carried out by preparing an inception report which in this stage, aim and objectives are formulated, and background study is conducted to get insights and foundations of knowledge about the study area. More importantly, the inception report involves the setting out of data collection method which comprises of data required, data collection technique, data analysis and the analysis output. The identification of data collection method is completed according to the formulated objectives of each sectoral and sub-sectoral study. This stage is important as a guideline of how the overall process of the study will be conducted.
STAGE 2: DATA COLLECTION
STAGE 3: DATA ANALYSIS The data obtained it analyzed and issues and problems can be identified. The appraisal analysis is conducted into 5 sectoral studies which are physical, social, environmental, transportation and traffic, cultural and heritage, and market study. Furthermore, as part of appraisal analysis, identification on compliancy of the current performance of each sector with the guidelines and standards provision as well as the indicator assessment tools are carried out.
In this stage, data collection is carried out by following the method formulated in the previous stage. The data collection technique is based on 2 categories of data: 1. Primary Data This study is conducted in the middle of COVID19 pandemic in 2020. Therefore, the primary data of this study will be carried out through ‘virtual fieldwork’ which is taking advantage of the internet technology by the utilization of web mapping service such as Google Maps, Google Earth, Google street view, and/or other available platforms. Primary data is also obtained from talk session with DBKL as well as the ex-director of Planning Department of DBKL, Datuk Seri Hj Mohd Najib Bin Hj Mohd. 2. Secondary Data Secondary data is conducted by reviewing and referring to the existing planning documents, reports, available data such as statistics, Government or other agencies documents, government portals, policies, news, journal articles, and other forms of literature available.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
STAGE 4: AUDIT AND APPRAISAL REPORT The report will represent the data findings such as graphs, tables, charts, figure illustration and plans, as well as the identified issues and problems. More importantly, the report includes the appraisal of the development and the assessment of the current condition in Kampung Datuk Keramat with the guidelines provision and indicator tools to identify the sustainability, viability and livability of the development.
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
1-4
1.5 DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 1.5.1 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS The 17 SDGs are integrated in which they acknowledge that intervention in one region can impact results in others, and that growth must balance sustainability in social , economic and environmental terms. Through the pledge to ‘Leave No One Behind’, countries have committed to fast-track progress for those furthest behind first. That is why the SDGs are designed to bring the world to several life-changing ‘zeros’, including zero poverty, hunger, AIDS and discrimination against women and girls. Everyone is needed to reach these ambitious targets. The creativity, skills, technology and financial resources from all of society is necessary to achieve the SDGs in every context. Among the 17 Goals, there are total of 7 goals that are being focused on the development of Kampung Datuk Keramat which are Goal 3; Good Health and Well-Being, Goal 4; Quality Education, Goal 7; Affordable and Clean Energy, Goal 8; Decent Work and Economic Growth, Goal 9; Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Goal 10; Reduced Inequalities and Goal 11; Sustainable Cities and Communities. Furthermore, with its latest 2020-2040 KL City Plan, Kuala Lumpur is expected to embark on a new road to the future. Having previously gazetted all its Statutory Plans (Structure and Local Plans) for the growth period until 2020, DBKL has now begun re-planning for the next 20 years with a long-term view of its development plans and threats from different perspectives, such as population shifts, climate change and etc.
Figure 1.3: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Source: undp.org
1.0 INTRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
1-5
1.5.2 ELEVENTH MALAYSIA PLAN
1.5.3 NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLAN 3
The current Five-Year Malaysia Development Plan is the Eleventh Malaysia Plan, 2016- 2020 (11th MP). The Plan will intensify efforts to enhance the strength of the domestic and foreign sectors by developing new sources of growth, improving the competitiveness and resilience of the economy, and increasing the participation of the private sector.
The National Physical Plan (NPP) sets out the national strategic spatial planning policies and measures taken to implement them in respect to the general direction and broad pattern of the land use and physical development and conservation in Peninsular Malaysia.
The Eleventh Malaysia Plan is formulated with the people as the centerpiece of all development efforts. The people economy will be given priority, reinforcing the Government’s commitment to bring further development to the people by enriching their lives, providing people with dignity, and uplifting their potential to partake in the country’s prosperity that is generated. All segments of society must benefit from the country’s economic prosperity in order to create an advanced economy and inclusive nation by 2020. The Eleventh Malaysia Plan has six strategic thrust and six game changers that will transform ideas into reality and address in concert the goals set out in Vision 2020 so as to catapult Malaysia towards the end state of being an advance economy and inclusive nation. The six strategic thrust that been highlighted are:
Enhancing inclusiveness towards an equitable society
Accelerating human capital development for an advanced nation.
Improving wellbeing for all
Pursuing green growth for sustainability and resilience
Strengthening infrastructure to support economic expansion
Re-engineering economic growth for greater prosperity
Figure 1.4: Six strategic thrust of 11th Malaysia Plan Source: Mid-term review of the 11th Malaysia Plan 2016-2020
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The NPP-3 was formulated after taking into consideration several main current issues and challenges such as economic stagnation, imbalance development between urban and rural, urban sprawl, climate change, natural disasters, change of population structure, decline in biodiversity, geo-hazards, food security and green technology. As a result, The NPP-3 sets out a strategic framework that will assist in overcoming all the perceived issues and achieve the national objective of becoming a resilient and livable nation by 2040. The NPP-3 also aimed to assist our national vision in which to achieve a developed and high-income nation status by 2020. The National Physical Plan 3 (NPP-3) is the highest planning document in the national development framework which translates the strategic and sectoral policies in spatial and physical dimensions. It covers Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and the Federal Territory of Labuan as well as Sarawak on strategic cross-border matters.
Figure 1.5: Goal NPP 3 Source: NPP3
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1.5.4 KUALA LUMPUR STRUCTURE PLAN 2020
1.5.5 KUALA LUMPUR CITY PLAN 2020
The preparation of the Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020 is done as part of the Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan (PSKL1984) policy needs to be reviewed due to the unexpected development and rapid economic change in the last 20 years. Some major developments were not expected in the 1984 PSKL.
The Kuala Lumpur City Plan 2020 translates a long-term vision towards a World Class City, where the sustainability agenda is at its highest level to support the dynamic growth of the city and ensure the needs of the community are met. This plan sets a strategic direction and identifies local actions for the implementation of the plan. It was gazetted on 30 October 2018 and prepared under the provisions of Section 13, Federal Territory (Planning) Act1982.
Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020 contain details on the separate components relevant to the formation of the city namely economic and population base, land use and development strategies, trade, tourism, industry, transportation, infrastructure and utilities, housing, community facilities, urban design and landscapes, the environment as well as specific areas. The vision for Kuala Lumpur is in line with the national vision which is Kuala Lumpur as A WORLD-CLASS CITY. In the structure plan, it stated the four main components of a world-class city are the world-class work environment, the world-class living environment, the world-class business environment and world-class governance. Thus, Kuala Lumpur must ensure the infrastructure, environment, urban management and cultural, social and community facilities can meet the high expectations of its residents, workers, visitors and investors.
Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020 which will be used for 20 years until 2020. Figure 1.6: Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020 Source: Google
1.0 INTRODUCTION
There are two volumes. Volume 1 focuses on the vision and strategic direction of Kuala Lumpur until 2020. This volume also outlines the initiatives that will be implemented in order to achieve the vision and strategic direction. It covers all aspects of development to encourage the growth of the city while contributing towards the improvement of the natural environment and the environment, transportation, housing, social facilities and infrastructure while protecting cultural heritage. Volume 2 referred to as the Development Control Plan 2015 (KLDCP 2015), contains several key components to control development. The components are land use zoning and development intensity (density and plot ratio) in addition to other development control components namely heritage zone, altitude control zone, transit planning zone and riverside corridors.
Figure 1.7: KLCP2020 Source: Google
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1.5.6 NATIONAL URBANIZATION POLICY 2 National Urban Policy is a policy to guide and coordinate the planning and urban development to be more efficient and systematic in particular to manage the increasing number of urban residents in 2020 with emphasis on the balance between the social, economic and physical development in the city. National Urban Policy will be the main thrust in all urban planning and development activities in Peninsular Malaysia including the preparation of development plans at the state and local levels. This policy outlines the core, policies, measures and action plans to coordinate and manage the implementation of the municipality. The Second National Urbanization Policy (NUP2) 2016-2025 is prepared to continue the measures of the 2006 NUP which have not yet been fully implemented. NUP2 has considered the following:
Figure 1.8: NUP2 Source: Google
• • • •
The latest policies of the Federal and State Governments National Insights 11th Malaysia Plan Overseas policies and policies provided such as Eco2 Cities, COP15 Copenhagen, The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); The Global Competitiveness Report, New Urban Agenda (NUA) and other related.
1.5.7 NATIONAL HOUSING POLICY Housing is a basic need that can enhance the quality of life. The construction sector contributes to the nation’s economic growth through its linkages with the other sectors including the service and manufacturing of construction materials sectors. According to the Economic Report 2010/2011 issued by the Ministry of Finance Malaysia, the construction sector is expected to contribute 4.9% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2010. In order to provide adequate, comfortable, quality and affordable housing to enhance the sustainability of the quality of life of the people, there are three objective that need to be achieved followed by six thrust of NHP: 3 Objectives:
6 Thrusts:
Providing adequate and quality housing with
Thrust 1: Provision of adequate housing based on the specific needs of target groups.
comprehensive facilities and a conducive environment.
Thrust 2: Improving the quality and productivity of housing development. Thrust 3: Increasing the effectiveness of implementation and ensuring compliance of the housing
Enhancing the capability and accessibility of the people to own or rent houses
service delivery system. Thrust 4: Improving the capability of the people to own and rent houses. Thrust 5: Sustainability of the housing sector.
Setting future direction to ensure the sustainability of
Thrust 6: Enhancing the level of social amenities, basic services and livable environment.
the housing sector
1.0 INTRODUCTION
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1.6 LEGISLATIVE PROVISION AND GUIDELINES
D. Street, Drainage And Building Act 1974 (Act 133)
1.6.1 Legislative Provision A. National Land Code National Land Code (Act 56) is a document that controls all land activities that are enforced in West Malaysia. It comprises of land ownership, subdivision of land, selling of land, conversion of land and enforcement regarding the misuse of land activities in Malaysia. This act will cover the land use and topography parts of Kampung Datuk Keramat.
Figure 1.10: Act 1974 Source: Google
B. Federal Territory (Planning) Act, 1982 (No.267)
F. Uniform Building by Laws 1984
The Federal Territory (Planning) Act, 1982 (No.267) provides the supervision and regulation of proper planning which shall solely apply to the Federal Territories, for the purpose of; planning in a proper manner within the same territory; issuing of development charges; and for similar or equally important purposes. E. Environmental Quality Act 127
Figure 1.9: Legislative Provision Source: Google
The Act 127, is a legislative devised to prevent, abate and control the pollutions and improves the quality of the environment to enhance the livability and serenity of an area. The Environmental Quality Act 127 is important to be adapted in this appraisal study as one of the components includes the environmental study of Kampung Datuk Keramat such as the study on the climatic and weather condition of the study area, the environmental quality and issues relating to environment.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974 (Act 133) is an Act enacted by Parliament pursuant to Clause (4) of Article 76 of the Federal Constitution on all provisions and laws relating to roads, ditches and buildings within the Local Authority area of the Peninsula Malaysia and for purposes related to it. In total the Act is divided into 8 major sections which include provisions on roads, ditches, buildings, back alleys, various, by-laws and provisions of the repeal and transition involving a total of one hundred and thirty-five (135) sections therein.
Figure 1.11: Laws 1984 Source: Google
Uniform Building by Laws 1984 is an exercise of the power conferred to Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974 (Act 133). It is to be read together with Act 133 as this law is an addition to the several aspects to the building especially the design and the regulation regarding safety measures. This act is also important for the study of the compliance table in the report. The objectives behind the formulation of the Uniform Building By-Laws, 1984 [UBBL], among others were to:
1. Set a standardized building regulations for the whole of Malaysia and applicable to all Local Authorities and building professionals, 2. Clarify line of legal responsibilities for buildings with clear definitions on the Principal Submitting Persons, 3. Regulate architectural, structural, health & safety, fire protection capabilities and constructional requirements of buildings; with clear references to the approved standards, 4. Expedite the processing and building approvals and occupation of buildings,
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1.6.2 GUIDELINES B. Selangor Planning Guideline
A. Kuala Lumpur Planning Guideline
Figure 1.12: GPP15 Source: Google
Figure 1.13: GPP Kawasan Lapang Source: Google
Figure 1.14: Selangor Guideline Source: Google
a. Malay Reserved Land Development Incentive
b. Open Space Requirements Planning Guidelines
a. Planning Guideline and Standard Manual for Selangor
This guideline by DBKL is chosen in consideration that Kg. Datuk Keramat is a Malay Reserved Land. This guidelines are provided to explain the development incentives given to the application for planning permission in promoting the development on the Malay Reserved Land. The component in the guideline highlights the requirement of the population density in Kg. Datuk Keramat.
This guidelines is important for the site study area as Kampung Datuk Keramat is located within the boundary of Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. This guideline will state the size, catchment area and numbers of visitors that type of the Open Space and Recreations should cover. This guidelines also will state for the functions of the open space area and the requirement of area for open space area for the total amount of land.
The manual for planning guidelines and standard of the Selangor state is considered and referred as per this study as the most guidelines for Kuala Lumpur area are not available. This guideline is also considered and referred to as the study area is located at the boundary of the state of both Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. The guidelines provided in the manual are thorough and can be adapted to the study area in every sectoral study.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
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C. Malaysia Planning Guideline
Figure 1.15: GP001-A Source: JPBDc
Figure 1.16: GP006-A Source: JPBDc
a. Plan Malaysia planning guideline manual for housing by PlanMalaysia
b. Infrastructure and Utilities Planning Guidelines by PlanzMalaysia
Plan Malaysia planning guideline and manual for housing is used to check and compare on the compliancy of the residential in Kg. Datuk Keramat to the guidelines. This guideline manual is chosen instead of the guidelines by DBKL because the components in the Plan Malaysia guideline is covering more aspects and dimensions compared to the DBKL. Among the components that are chosen in this guideline are for example, the minimum lot size, the limit height of the building and the number of maximum units in a row.
This planning guideline aims to assist the planner, state authority, local authority and developer in electric supply, water supply, sewerage system and telecommunication. This planning guideline focusses on the aspect of locating, size, function and the design. Every sector has been referred to every relevant agencies. For example, for electrical supply need to be referred to the condition made by Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB). The site planning for infrastructure and utilities provided is based on these five principle which are, systematic, safety, savings and economic, accessibility, and comfortability and pleasant.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Figure 1.17: GP0011-A Source: JPBD
c. Parking Planning Guidelines by PlanMalaysia This parking planning guideline ensures that each development provides adequate, comfortable and safe parking and to determine the provision of parking area meets the needs of users and development areas. Generally, these planning guidelines cover the types of vehicles such as cars, motorcycles, buses, trucks, bicycles and rickshaws. This guideline is selected to ensure the parking layout of on-street parking design in Kg. Datuk Keramat is in compliance with the guideline provided to ensure the parking provision meets the public needs.
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DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
2.1 PROFILE OF KG. DATUK KERAMAT Kampung Datuk Keramat of 275 acres, is a large zone in the Titiwangsa constituency, falling within the boundary of the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is located northeast of downtown Kuala Lumpur and borders the district of Ampang in Selangor. The Klang River runs roughly from northeast to the west and acts as a natural divider of Keramat and Ampang. Kg. Datuk Keramat has traditionally been a Malay majority area, being a Malay reserve area. This area was formerly known as Kampung Tangga Cina. There are two versions of the name of this Kampung Tangga Cina, Formerly, this area is a tin mine. Many Chinese live in the area by working as miners and from there comes the name Kampung Tangga Cina. The presence of a `sacred 'grave in the settlement caused the residents to start calling the area as Kampung Datuk Keramat. Many do not know that the name Kampung Datuk Keramat was taken in conjunction with the presence of a sacred grave there. The location of the grave is located next to the Pasar Keramat. Various superstitious practices are practiced there because they believe it is sacred. Regardless of race, everyone comes to ask for wishes and no less worship. That is why when people ask where to go, their answer is to go to Kg. Datuk Keramat. So this name sticks until it is called Kampung Datuk Keramat. But the owner of the tomb still cannot be identified until today. It is mainly consisted of low rise and high-rise residential and completed with commercial lots, public facilities, infrastructure and green area. the notable high-end condominium there for example are the Chimes Gurney Residence and Gurney Heights Condominium. Among the landmarks in Kg Datuk Keramat are the only shopping center which is Keramat Mall. This mall however failed to served its purposes. In 2014, a mini Urban Transformation Center (UTC) has been located in the Keramat Mall. Unfortunately, it has been shut down due to the political reason. There is another one prominent landmark in this Kg. Datuk Keramat which is Pasar Basah Datuk Keramat. This wet market is said to be the oldest one in Kuala Lumpur as this market has been operated for about 40 years now with 330 hawkers. However, in the recent news, the wet market is on its way to be relocated to a new place. Hence, reducing the congestion in the existing area. Kg. Datuk Keramat is served by three light rail transit stations as part of the Kelana Jaya Line. The three stations are Jelatek, Dato' Keramat and Damai. Kg Datuk Keramat can also be easily accessed via some of the main road which are Jalan Tun Razak and the AKLEH highway.
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
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2.2
PROFILE OF LOCAL AUTHORITY: DEWAN BANDARAYA KUALA LUMPUR (DBKL)
Figure 2.2: DBKL logo Source: dbkl.gov.my
Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur is the city council which administers the federal territory of Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia. This council was established after the city was officially granted city status on 1 February 1972. Their jurisdiction covers an area of 243 square kilometers. The council consists of the mayor plus fifteen members of the city advisory board appointed to serve a one-year term by the Minister of Territories. The current mayor of Kuala Lumpur is YBhg. Datuk Hj. Mahadi Che Ngah, who has been in office since 1 October 2020.
VISION DBKL will be the best Local Authority to realize the vision of making Kuala Lumpur the world-class city by 2020 MISSION To achieve the progress, prosperity and well-being of the capital city of Kuala Lumpur through physical, socio-economic development programs, planning control and municipal services in a planned and coordinated manner based on excellent governance
2.3
PROFILE OF DEVELOPER: UEM EDGENTA GROUP
UEM Edgenta is the developer of Chymes@Gurney in area Kg. Datuk Keramat. It is the reqion’s leading asset management and infrastructure solutions company. They are listed on Bursa Malaysia with a vision to optimise assets and improve lives. The company offers clients various services throughout the asset life cycle which includes consultancy, procurement and construction planning, operations and maintenance, as well as optimisation, rehabilitation and upgrades.
Figure 2.2: UEM Group Source: Google
Today, UEM Edgenta is now present in Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Taiwan, india and the United Arab Emirates. They experience more than 80 years in asset management and infrastructure solutions. UEM Edgenta prides itself on providing high-quality deliverables and services to both clients and industries at large. Being the leading asset management and infrastructure solutions company, their commitment to quality and excellence is reflected with the awards and recognition received. Last year, they have won the award of The Frost and Sullivan Malaysia Facilities Management Company of the Year four times in a row by each year.
OBJECTIVES To ensure and accelerate the implementation of the achievement of superior and excellent world-class city status. QUALITY POLICY To provide and improve the service that is efficient, friendly and transparent, in line with the progress and development of staff
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
Figure 2.3: Chymes @ Gurney Source: Propertyguru
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2.4
EVOLUTION OF DEVELOPMENT
Kampung Datuk Keramat and Kampung Bharu were officially established during the British reign where the status of the new village was a Malay agriculture local area, while Kampung Datuk Keramat was a Malay Reserved Land. Kampung Datuk Keramat was once known as “Gonggan Estate” and “Tangga Cina” village according to the records of the capital commissioner in 1955 to 1958. 1955 – 1957 MRL Announcement
1960 – 1970 Rapid Squatters Development
Continue
1857 – 1940 Early Settlement
N.T.S
N.T.S
Announced as Malay Reserved Land (MRL)
Settlement Settlement
The earliest settlement in Kg. Datuk Keramat may have existed as early as 1857 as a tin mining area in the Selangor. But the area was not known as its name of today. The earliest settlements started along the Klang River as a village area of multiple Malay ethnic such as Jawa, Bawean, Bugis, Minangkabau etc.. The socio-economic activities of the villagers at that time were more towards subsistence farming such as growing vegetables, sweet potatoes, sweet potatoes, and so on.
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
In 1955, Kampung Datuk Keramat became a new settlement area together with Kampung Pandan, Kampung Ulu Kelang and Kampung Air Panas. In 1957, Kampung Datuk Keramat was announced as Malay Reserve Land area under the Enactment 3(1) (F.M.S Cap. 142). This village was situated in both Mukim Setapak and Ampang. In this year, the area was 170 acres, and has about 639 housing units which includes 317 squatter houses, and 200 housing units built by the Housing Trust.
This village settlement had rapidly developed as squatter’s area and became one of the main squatters’ area in Kuala Lumpur. The squatter community in Kampung Dato Keramat has its own identity and lives in harmony. There were different squatter areas based, among the villages were: -
Kg. Kinabalu Kg. Dato’ Keramat Kg. Bumiputera Kg. Berembang
- Kg. Keramat Hujung - Kg. Bukit Keramat - Kg. Kilat
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1999 Early Modern Days Continue
In 1999, the main land use in Kampung Datuk Keramat was mainly residential area with the coverage of 111.9-acre, 105.39 acre of the residential area were built on legitimate lots and only 6.36 acre remains as squatter’s area. During this year, only 3.48 acre was designated for commercial area and 11.38 acre was provided for recreational purposes. Meanwhile, the other land uses included road reserve, river reserve and main transit routes reserve. Furthermore, Kampung Datuk Keramat was equipped with various public facilities such as mosque, two suraus, public and private kindergarten, primary school, religious primary school, public recreational field, police station and wet market.
Ahmad, A. B. (2000).
Figure 2.4: Kampung Datuk Keramat Land Use 1999 Source: Ahmad, A. B. (2000).
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
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2004 Early 2000
2020 Present
N.T.S
Kg. Datuk Keramat Landed Residential Development High-Rise Residential Development Other Development Open Space Cemetery
Figure 2.5: Kampung Datuk Keramat Development Change Source: Google Earth
In the modern days, Kampung Datuk Keramat has experienced the impact of rapid urban development of Kuala Lumpur. Refer to the figure above showing the development change of Kg. Datuk Keramat 2004 to 2020, it can be seen that there was a new development of high-rise residential property at the western and northern side replacing what was previously a landed squatters houses. At the very end of the site on the west, the vacant land was developed into commercial and public facility uses. Nowadays, Kampung Datuk Keramat remains as Malay reserve area, therefore, there are still many single storey houses and wooden houses which mostly are handed down from previous generations. On top of that, the development of Kampung Datuk Keramat seeks to give the residents affordable living lifestyle in Kuala Lumpur. Furthermore, the area has experienced rapid development as its location in the capital city, Kuala Lumpur, and it has expanded into Taman Keramat. Kampung Datuk Keramat is now a mixed development area with great accessibility and variety of amenities and public facilities provision. The area now has 3 high rise residential properties; however, this development is said to slowly change the landscape of the area.
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
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2.5 EXISTING DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT The study area, Kampung Datuk Keramat is a mature neighbourhood located within the city of Kuala Lumpur. It is one of the earliest human settlements and is also part of a rapidly blooming urbanized area. These two characteristics of the area of being the oldest settlements and having to keep up with the current development of the city have certainly impacted the existing development concept for Kampung Datuk Keramat. Referring to Plan 2.4, the current existing development concepts includes several components from the old Kampung Datuk Keramat and the new development developed within Kampung Datuk Keramat. The main land use class that monopolized the area is the residential areas which includes landed residential developments – both old and new developments – and high-rise residential development. One of the supporting components for the settlement is an open space named after the area, Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat, located at the eastern side of the study area. Commercial development is also one of the existing concepts that act as a supporting component for the residential development and it has become one of the main important sector and identity for the area, especially Pasar Lama Datuk Keramat. The other development concepts that also built in the area are the development of public facilities acting as spaces for the community to gather and development of infrastructure and utilities to cater the daily necessities of residents. The development of road networks and highway within the study area is to enhance the mobility of the people and also to improve the accessibility towards the study area.
Figure 2.6: Kampung Datuk Keramat Source: shutterstock.com
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
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2.6 SECTORAL STUDY 2.6.1 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE Demography can be defined as a study of human population which consists of their size, composition and distribution across space and the process through which populations change. Births, deaths and migration are the big three of demography, jointly producing population stability or change. Thus, the study of population and demography is one of the crucial part in planning as it plays an important role in planning for the upcoming development. The population and demographic data will be explained later on. All of the data regarding demographic study was made based on the Census Data from the Department of Statistic, Malaysia. A. Total population This section focuses on the population in Kg. Datuk Keramat. Kg. Datuk Keramat is located in Mukim Bandar Kuala Lumpur which is located in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. Table 2.1 shows the population of the mukims in Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and Malaysia.
Malaysia
28,334,135
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
1,674,621
Bandar Kuala Lumpur
253,817
Table 2.1: Total population according to mukim in Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur
Federal Territory
1,674,621
Ampang
District
43,552
Bandar Kuala Lumpur
District
253,817
Batu
District
321,164
Cheras
District
12,194
Kuala Lumpur
District
346,211
Petaling
District
292,095
Setapak
District
293,280
Ulu Kelang
District
26,467
Kg. Datuk Keramat
5,967
Figure 2.7: Total Population according to level of governance Source: Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010
From Figure 2.7, we summarizes the population distribution of Bandar Kuala Lumpur through the level of governance. While the population of Malaysia is 28,334,135 and the population of the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur is 1,674,621, Mukim Bandar Kuala Lumpur has a population of 253,817. For the site area, according to Department of Statistics, the total population in Kg. Datuk Keramat for the year 2010 is 5,967 people.
Source: Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
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B. Gender distribution of Kg. Datuk Keramat Male 2,969 (49.7%)
Female 2,998 (50.3%) Figure 2.8: Gender distribution Source: Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010
D. Ethnic group of Kg. Datuk Keramat
Based on Figure 2.8, the percentage of females is slightly higher than that of males. Females are 50.3% (2,998) of the population while males are lower at 49.7% (2,969). Therefore, the it is deduced that the distribution of male and female in Kg. Datuk Keramat is almost equal.
C. Age group of Kg. Datuk Keramat >75 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 Oct-14 5-Sep 0- 4
103 76 68
Figure 2.9 shows the ethnic group of residents in Kg. Datuk Keramat as of year 2010.
Malay 3,970 Other Bumiputera 33
Chinese 1
Indian 47
Non-Malaysian Citizen 1,672
141 194 335 415 481 423 496 585 612 549 475
Others 244
542 472 0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Chart 2.1: Age group of Kg. Datuk Keramat Source: Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010
Based on Chart 2.1 the highest number of age group of Kg. Datuk Keramat is 20 - 24 years with 612 people followed by 25 - 29 years at 585 people. The lowest age group is 65 - 69 years with 68 people. This shows that Kg. Datuk Keramat is mostly inhabited by young adults The high number of population of 20 - 24 years old and 25 - 29 years old could probably means that Kg. Datuk Keramat is a place for many young families.
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
Figure 2.9: Ethnic group of Kg. Datuk Keramat Source: Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010
According to Figure 2.9, Kg. Datuk Keramat is mainly composed of Malays with percentage of 66.5% (3,970). This is followed by NonMalaysians with 28% (1,672). The other Bumiputera makes up 0.5% (33) of the population. The minority of the ethnic groups in Kg. Datuk Keramat are Chinese and Indians with 0.01% (1) and 0.8% (47) respectively while others make up for 4.2% (244). DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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2.6.2 LAND USE Based on National Land Code 1965 (NLC) in section 52, it is mentioned that the categories of land use and application thereof to lands alienated under this act. That’s means there shall be three (3) categories of the land use, to be known respectively as agricultural, building and industry. Generally, the category of land use at the site area is consist 10 types of Land Use, size and percentage that are stated in Chart 2.2 with total of 275 acres. The figure below shows the division of land use in percentage.
Housing and Settlement 150.27 acre 54.64% Road Network and Traffic 59.83 acre 21.76% Water Bodies 21.08 acre 7.67%
Land Use Category
Public Facilities 15.74 acre 5.72%
Housing and Settlement 0.54%
1.86%
0.79% 4.36% 2.16%
0.49%
Road network, traffic and transportation Water bodies
5.72%
Open Space and Recreation 12.00 acre 4.36%
Commercial 7.67%
Open space and recreation 54.64%
21.76%
Commercial 5.93 acre 2.16%
Public facilities Vacant land
Transportation 5.12 acre 1.86% Vacant Land 2.19 acre 0.79%
Infrastructure Transportation Industries
Chart 2.2: Land Use category Source: Iplan 2019
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
Infrastructures 1.48 acre 0.54% Industry 1.36 acre 0.49%
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2.6.3 ACCESSIBILITY Kg. Datuk Keramat is strategically located on the northeastern of downtown Kuala Lumpur, the area is served with great accessibility in term of road connection and public transit. The Ampang-Kuala Lumpur Elevated Highway which provides connectivity between Ampang and Kuala Lumpur city can be accessed from Kg. Datuk Keramat through Jalan Jelatek Interchange (Exit 1203) which extend its connection to Jalan Keramat. Furthermore, Kg. Datuk Keramat can be accessed from Jalan Jelatek trough the intersection of Jalan Datuk Keramat on the southeastern of the area. Meanwhile, on the western side, Kg. Datuk Keramat can be accessed through the intersection of Jalan Persiaran Gurney and Jalan Datuk Keramat as well as from Jalan Padang Tembak on the northern side. Additionally, Kg. Datuk Keramat is well served with public transit, there are 2 LRT transit station (Dato’ Keramat and Damai station) within the area and 1 other station just adjacent to it (Jelatek station) which these provided accessibility of public transportation (LRT Kelana Jaya Line) to the site area. Lastly, Kg. Datuk Keramat area is also served with 5 public buses of different routes, which the details on this will be elaborated on Chapter 4.3 Traffic Study.
Figure 2.10: Accessibility Source: Desktop Study
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
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2.6.4 SURROUNDING DEVELOPMENT Surrounding development around the site is also important to identify. The surrounding development also influenced the existing condition in the site area for example residential, commercial, public facilities, infrastructure and utilities. Kampung Datuk Keramat is highly accessible by car or public transport such as LRT and RapidKL. The site area is closed proximity with the existing well developed and matured neighbourhood such as Condominium One Jelatek, Seri Maya Condominium and Pangsapuri Berembang Indah approximately 500 meter to 1 kilometer radius. Another development that located near to Kampung Datuk Keramat is Petronas Twin Tower that is approximately in 2 kilometer radius. Kampung Datuk Keramat also nearby to many government offices that are important to the development of there which are Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan Malaysia and Angkatan Pertahanan Awam Malaysia. There are also several hospitals nearby to Kampung Datuk Keramat such as Hospital Kuala Lumpur and HSC medical Centre. Table 2.2 and Plan No. 2.5 show the distribution of surrounding development.
Figure 2.11: Kampung Warisan Condominium Source: Google Resembling an idyllic traditional 'kampung' set within the city, Kampung Warisan's 275 condominium units is surrounded by 15 acres of lush greenery centred on a charming wooden clubhouse and pool area.
Figure 2.12: Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan Malaysia Source: Google Established in 1885, JUPEM is responsible in the field of measurement and mapping which is the basis for socio-economic development and national sovereignty.
Table 2.2: Distribution of surrounding development SURROUNDING DEVELOPMENT
1 Kilometer Radius
Berembang Indah Apartment
/
Condominium One Jelatek
/
Seri Maya Condominium
/
Condominium Kampung Warisan
/
Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan Malaysia
/
Angkatan Pertahanan Awam Malaysia
/
Jabatan Rekod dan Pencen
/
National Heart Institute Hsc Medical Centre
2 Kilometer Radius
Previously the institute had been part of the Kuala Lumpur General Hospital. Since the foundation of the institute, IJN has treated over 3.7 million patients and gained recognition as one of the leading Cardiovascular and Thoracic Centre in the region.
Figure 2.14: Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre Source: Google /
/
Gleaneagles Kuala Lumpur
/
Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre
/ Source: Google
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
Figure 2.13: National Heart Institute Source: Google
Soaring to a height of 451.9 metres, the 88storey twin structure is Kuala Lumpur's crown jewel. Majestic by day and dazzling at night, the PETRONAS Twin Towers is inspired by Tun Mahathir Mohamad's vision for Malaysia to be a global player.
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2.7 PROPERTY MARKET OUTLOOK 2.7.1 MALAYSIA ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE SECOND QUARTER 2020
RM Billion
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the most common indicator used to determine the performance of a nation’s economy. It considers multi-sectoral aspects of the economy which represents the total value of all goods and services produced by an economy over a specific period of time, hence, as property market is one of the contributing sector, it is essential to take into account the nation’s economic performance. Malaysia’s GDP as in second quarter of 2020 has drastically contracted from the positive growth rate at 0.7% to negative growth of -17.1% with the constant price declined as much as 55 billion RM to 289.6 billion RM. This is the lowest growth rate recorded since 1995, and 5.9% lower than in 1998 (previously as the lowest GDP ever recorded). Furthermore, the sectors in the economic production experience negative growth rate except for the agricultural sector which has 1% positive growth. On the other hand, the construction sector which includes the residential buildings and civil engineering has experienced the lowest growth rate which is -44.5%. Similarly, all the sectors in economic expenditure have negative growth rate with Gross Fixed Capital Formation sector has the lowest rate, but except for Governmental final consumption which has positive growth at 2.3%. The second quarter of 2020 had been a challenging time for the country’s economy, the imposed restriction of Movement Control Order (MCO), Conditional Movement Control Order (CMCO) and Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO) were/are being implemented has severely affected the economic activities in the country. However, the Government efforts are not only limited in containing the pandemic widespread, but economic stimulus packages such as PRIHATIN, PENJANA and other plan are implemented to recover the economic downturn as the impact of COVID-19. 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
GDP – Value Added and Annual Growth Rate
344.1
289.6
0.7
-17.1 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 2017 2017 2017 2017 2018 2018 2018 2018 2019 2019 2019 2019 2020 2020
10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20
Constant Prices 310.7 318.2 330.7 341.1 326.8 333.3 345.3 357.4 341.6 349.2 360.5 370.1 344.1 289.6 Growth Rate
Figure 2.15: National Production and Expenditure Q2 2O2O Source: Department of Statistics, Malaysia
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
5.6
5.7
6.1
5.8
5.2
4.7
4.4
4.8
4.5
4.8
4.4
3.6
0.7
-17.1
Chart 2.3: GDP Growth Source: Department of Statistics, Malaysia
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2.7.2 MALAYSIA AND KUALA LUMPUR RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY OUTLOOK A. Housing Supply (H1 2020) The housing supply is identified at national, state and district level during the first half od 2020. There are 3 categories of supply making up the total of supply which are existing, incoming and planned supply. Existing supply are units that have been issued with the certificate of fitness (CF) or temporary certificate of fitness (TCF). Incoming supply are units under construction works with CF/TCF have not been issued. Lastly, planed supply are units which the building plan approval has been obtained from the local authority and the physical construction works have not yet started. a. Malaysia Housing Supply (H1 2020) In the first half of 2020, the existing supply of residential property in Malaysia is at the 5,775,096 million units, with the incoming supply of 441,495 units and with another 462,028 units of planned supply, which the total of all the supply category is 6,678,619 units for the residential property. Among all the supply category, Selangor state makes up the highest number which is 27% of the country existing supply, 24% of the country incoming supply and 19% of the country planned supply. Meanwhile, for the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, there are a total of 492,848 units for existing supply which contributes to 9%, meanwhile for the incoming and planned supply, Kuala Lumpur contributes 11-12% of the total residential property units supply (Refer to Chart 2.4).
Malaysia Housing Supply By States Existing Supply
Incoming Supply 50,411
492,848
Total 1,580,481 5,775,096 3,701,766
Kuala Lumpur
Planned Supply 57,695
Total 104,350 441,495 286,734
Selangor
Others
Kuala Lumpur
88,355 Total 462,028 315,978
Selangor
Others
Kuala Lumpur
Selangor
Others
Chart 2.4: Malaysia Housing Supply H1 2020 Source: National Property Information Centre, 2020
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Furthermore, taking into account the type of residential property, the majority of the supply for all the three categories are the single storey terrace, 2-3 storey terrace and condominium/apartment. Refer to Chart 2.5 the existing supply is comprised of 2-3 storey terrace and single storey terrace as the first and second highest proportion with percentage of 22% and 19% respectively , meanwhile the condominium contributes 16%. However, the proportion is contradicting for the incoming and planned supply which the condominium makes up the highest proportion. In the incoming and planned supply, 35%38% of the proportion is from the condominium meanwhile 1-2 storey terrace and single storey comprises 22%-23% and 15% respectively.
Malaysia Housing Supply By Types
Existing Supply
920,617
Incoming Supply
Planned Supply
68,389
66,077
1,075,205
165,780
168,383 99,071
1,291,971
107,100
Single Storey Terrace
Single Storey Semi-Detach
Detach
Cluster
Low-Cost Flat
2-3 Storey Terrace
2-3 Storey Semi-Detach
Townhouse
Low-Cost House
Flat
Condominium/ Apartment
Chart 2.5: Malaysia Housing Supply By Type H1 2020 Source: National Property Information Centre, 2020
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
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b. Kuala Lumpur Housing Supply (H1 2020)
According to the type of residential units, there are 2 types considered; Landed and Stratified property. As for existing supply, more than half of the supply is the stratified property, meanwhile the landed property only makes up of 20% of the total supply. Furthermore, condominium has the highest number of the supply units among the other stratified property types which is 246,691 units.
Kuala Lumpur Housing Supply By District
Planned Supply
12,450 13,650 8,027 1,309 0 12,035 300 0 9,924
Existing Supply By Type
Total 492,828
Low-Cost Flat 99,637 units Flat 35,330 units
381,658
Landed
Stratified Chart 2.6: Kuala Lumpur Housing Supply By Type H1 2020 Source: National Property Information Centre, 2020
492,848
84,024 104,588 107,749
Existing Supply
Condominium 246,691 units
94,037
57,695
50,411 13,492 15,171 8,963 600 0 8,102 0 0 4,083
Incoming Supply
In the first half of 2020, there are total of 482,848 units for existing residential property supply, with another 50,411 units for incoming supply and 57,695 units for planned supply. Taking into consideration the supply of each districts within Kuala Lumpur, the district which has the highest contribution to the state’s existing supply is the Mukim Kuala Lumpur, Mukim Petaling and Mukim Batu, meanwhile Bandar Kuala Lumpur (where Kg. Datuk Keramat is located) makes the fifth highest contribution. Furthermore, the trend for incoming and planned supply are both almost similar, but the most significant difference compared to the existing supply, is Bandar Petaling Jaya and Mukim Cheras do not contribute any residential units for the both supply categories.
5,424 3,198
0
106,899
13,914
67,052
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
WP Kuala Lumpur
Mukim Setapak
Mukim Petaling
Mukim Kuala Lumpur
Mukim Hulu Kelang
Mukim Cheras
Mukim Batu
Mukim Ampang
Bandar Petaling Jaya
Bandar Kuala Lumpur Chart 2.7: Kuala Lumpur Housing Supply H1 2020 Source: National Property Information Centre, 2020
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B. Kuala Lumpur Housing Transaction (H1 2020)
Taking into consideration the housing transaction for each districts in Kuala Lumpur, it can be identified that most of the transaction on residential properties are within Mukim Petaling with a total of 1,276 units in the first half of 2020, followed by Mukim Batu, Mukim Kuala Lumpur, Mukim Setapak, and Bandar Kuala Lumpur which the volume transaction of 909, 791, 581 and 396 units respectively. It can be seen that Bandar Kuala Lumpur has the least transactions among the other districts with a total of more than 100 transactions. Furthermore, according to the type of the residential property, the stratified unit is the most transacted property compared to landed type with 75% of the total transaction volume. Among the stratified transactions, the highest volume transaction is the condominium with 2,227 units transacted, meanwhile, the other 2 stratified types are below 500 units. On demand side, It indicates that condominium is the most popular type of residential property.
Kuala Lumpur Housing Transaction Volume
4100
Residential Property transaction
Volume of housing transaction during the first half of 2020 in Kuala Lumpur has experienced a sharp decline from the second half of 2019, which there is a negative 29.4% of value change from 5,811 transacted units in H2 2019 to 4,100 units in H1 2020. It indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on residential property market activity as there is a much less of housing transaction.
75 909 46 581 26 1276 791 396
0
1000
2000
WP Kuala Lumpur Mukim Ulu Kelang Mukim Petaling
Mukim Ampang Mukim Setapak Mukim Kuala Lumpur
3,000
5.0 0.0 -5.0 5,811
4,100
-10.0 -15.0 -20.0
2,000
-25.0
1,000
-29.4
0
-30.0 -35.0
H2 2019
Mukim Batu Mukim Cheras Bandar Kuala Lumpur
10.0
9.9
5,000 4,000
5000
Housing Transaction By Type
15.0
Volume Change (%)
Unit
6,000
4000
Chart 2.9: Kuala Lumpur Housing Transaction H1 2020 Source: National Property Information Centre, 2020
Transaction Volume Change H2 2019 – H1 2020 7,000
3000
H1 2020 Chart 2.8: Kuala Lumpur Housing Transaction Change Source: National Property Information Centre, 2020
2.0 CASE STUDY: KG. DATUK KERAMAT
1,032
Condominium 2,227 units Low-Cost Flat 472 units
3,068
Landed
Flat 369 units
Stratified Chart 2.10: Kuala Lumpur Housing Transaction By Type H1 2020 Source: National Property Information Centre, 2020
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2.7.3 BANDAR KUALA LUMPUR PROPERTY OUTLOOK The district property outlook is considered to get the insights of a more localized market overview. Moreover, Kampung Datuk Keramat falls under the district of Bandar Kuala Lumpur. In the first half of 2020, there was a total of 67,052 units of existing supply, 4,083 incoming supply units and 9,924 planned supply units. Most of these housing supply categories are dominated with stratified residential property type which it made up 97% of the existing supply, 100% of the incoming supply and 99% of planed supply. Moreover, the similar pattern is also seen in the housing transaction in Bandar Kuala Lumpur. The volume of housing transaction in the first half of 2020 is also mostly comprised of stratified properties which only 10% of transaction is from the landed property. Among the stratified property types, the highest volume transaction is the condominium with 264 transacted units. Furthermore, as for the market status by the second quarter of 2020 in Bandar Kuala Lumpur, most of the overhang, unsold under construction, and unsold not constructed units are also dominated by stratified property. This shows an indication that there is more demand for stratified property, hence, the supply is dominated of such residential property type. However, the market status also shows a low performance of the stratified property, this may be attributable to the economic downturn in 2020.
80000 70000
67052
65420
Housing Supply By Type H1 2020
Housing Transaction By Type H1 2020 Condominium 264 units
38
Low-Cost Flat 23 units
Total 396
Flat 71 units
358
Landed
Stratified
Chart 2.12: Bandar Kuala Lumpur Housing Transaction Source: National Property Information Centre, 2020
Market Status (Q2 2020) Overhang Landed 7
Stratified 742
Total 749
Stratified 1,682
Total 1,689
Stratified 298
Total 343
Unsold Under Construction
60000
Landed 7
50000
Existing Supply Landed
9917
4083
Incoming Supply Stratified
Unsold Not Constructed
7
0
4083
10000
0
20000
1632
30000
9924
40000
Planned Supply
Landed 38
Total
Chart 2.11: Bandar Kuala Lumpur Housing Supply H1 2020 Source: National Property Information Centre, 2020
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Figure 2.16: Market Status Bandar Kuala Lumpur Source: National Property Information Centre, 2020
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3.1 SELECTED ASSESSMENT TOOLS There are 5 different assessment tools considered in the process of appraising and audit for this report. Namely, MurniNet, LEED assessment, Liveability index, DBKL traditional village assessment, and Vista Hamilton Urban Design System. From all the 5 assessment tools, a new customized hybrid of combination of these assessment tools is produced to suit the unique condition of the study area, Kg. Datuk Keramat, as an urban traditional village located in the middle of urbanized area of Klang Valley. Therefore, the following sections explain the justification of why the mentioned assessment tools are selected and considered in the appraisal and audit process of this report. 3.1.1 MURNINETS MURNINets is a short form for the Malaysian Urban-Rural National Indicators Network for Sustainable Development. It was established to measure and evaluate the sustainability of a city and also the nearby area through using urban indicators. PLANMalaysia has conducted a study on urban sustainability indicators starting in 1998 and the first set of urban sustainability indicators was provided in 2002 known as the Malaysia Urban Indicators Network that involves 11 key sectors comprising of 56 urban sustainability indicators. These indicators were later changed to align with the requirements of National policies based on their implementation until 2010, the indicators used at that time were reduced to 40 indicators. From 2012 to 2016, MURNInets has widely been used as a tool to measure sustainability of cities in Malaysia. MURNINets is then improvised and known as MURNINets 2.0 in 2017, which includes 6 dimensions, 22 themes and 43 indicators.
Figure 3.1: MURNINets logo Source: murninetsv2.planmalaysia.gov.my
MURNINets is chosen as the basis for the scoring method for the assessment as the scoring method use in MURNINets is suitable for Malaysian’s context for both urban and rural developments. The components extracted from the MURNINets are matched with the existing condition of the study area, Kampung Datuk Keramat, and the criteria and scoring methodology are altered to match the suitability to the study area. The dimensions that are extracted from MURNINets are muchly related to the physical study of the area – includes land use, commercial, housing, public facilities, open spaces and infrastructure and utilities -,demographic and social study, transportation and traffic study and also environmental study. Figure 3.2 below shows the summarised components of MURNINets.
The MURNINets have four main objectives which consists of:-
1
Assessing the level of achievement for urban-rural sustainability
2
Identify the strengths and weaknesses of local authorities according to the indicators.
3
Suggesting opportunities and improvements to increase the sustainability level for any urban or rural area
4
Monitoring the implementation of identified action plans. Figure 3.2: Dimension, Theme and Indicators for MURNINets Source: murninetsv2.planmalaysia.gov.my
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3.1.2 LEED-ND RATING SYSTEM
3.1.3 LIVABILITY INDEX
LEED-ND stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for Neighbourhood Development, is an environmental standard program which evaluates and certified green developments across the United States of America. The program is designed to reflect the smart, sustainable and well-designed neighbourhood. The standards in LEEDND rating system can be categorised into three basic sections. Firstly, Smart Location and Linkage (SLL) identified the optimality of a neighbourhood based on its location and connectivity. Secondly, Neighbourhood Pattern and Design (NPD) (also refer as new urbanism) identified the components of walkability, diverse and compact land uses, high-quality public space and community participation in design. Lastly, Green Infrastructure and Buildings (GIB) incorporates energy and water efficiency, reusing older buildings, recycling materials, reducing stormwater runoff and eliminating pollution resources.
A livability index is a table that ranks a set of cities, regions, or nations according to a defined combination of quantitative and qualitative properties. The most prominent of these are developed and produced by commercial interests. The properties are usually based on data from subjective surveys of, for example, “life satisfaction,” “well-being,” or “happiness,” as well as on data yielding more objective determinants of “quality of life,” such as assessments based on public statistics, “economic climate,” “political stability,” or “public services.”
LEED-ND rating system is selected because it considers a neighbourhood as a place with unique character and function and where people can live, work, shop and interact with neighbours. This program considers a sustainable neighbourhood where it has high level of walkability, a sense of place, social cohesion and stability. Therefore, the focus on new urbanism at a neighbourhood level reflected in this program is seen to be applicable to the assessments of sustainability in Kg. Datuk Keramat as an urban village where social cohesion is important to maintain the “village atmosphere” of the neighbourhood.
This livability index was being adopted from the AARP Public Policy Institute, United State, as an indicator of this assessment. This is because, taking a holistic approach to assessing community livability in Kampung Datuk Keramat is important, because every place has unique strengths. In Kampung Datuk Keramat, the Livability Index that being measured are housing, neighborhood and transportation. For each category, the Index evaluates current conditions using a diverse set of metric indicators and considers policies and programs that can enhance community livability over time. Housing
•Affordability and Access
Neighbourhood
NEW URBANISM
Social Cohesion
Figure 3.3: LEED-ND Source: sigearth.com
LIVABILITY INDEX
•Access to Life, Work and Play
Transportation
•Safe and Convenient Option Figure 3.4: The Components of livability index Source: www.aarp.org
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3.1.4 DBKL TRADITIONAL VILLAGE ASSESSMENT
3.1.5 VISTA HAMILTON URBAN DESIGN ASSESSMENT
According to Draft Structure Plan Kuala Lumpur 2040 by DBKL, urban traditional Malay village is defined as a village that is situated in urban area, has complete infrastructure and utilities, advanced but still maintaining a living Malay cultures, maintains the Malay architecture and design as well as having a sustainable environment-conscious quality.
This assessment outlines Hamilton city in Canada expectations for better designed environments. It highlights the key urban design principles considered fundamental to Hamilton’s development as a dynamic, prosperous, memorable and sustainable city. The design elements addressed in this guide combine international best practice urban design principles with factors considered to be of special importance to the city of Hamilton and its surrounding environment. The Design Guide also reflects New Zealand’s National Urban Design Protocol.
Furthermore, due to there is no standard of determination for specific village criteria proposed or applied in any previous study or by any agency, thus, this assessment refers to the development study of traditional village in Penang 2019 which suggested village valuable inheritance criteria as a standard determination of a traditional village. In which, only necessary criteria will be adjusted to fit with the profile of an urban traditional village in Kuala Lumpur. Therefore, this assessment will focus to four (4) criteria which are seen as appropriate to be adapted. Those 4 criteria are Land Use Activity, House Architecture, Malay Reserved Land and Visual Quality and Attraction. The detail justifications of assessment will be further explained in the Dimension 1 of hybrid assessment on Heritage Identity and Urban Design (Section 3.2.1). 4 Criteria of Traditional Village in Kuala Lumpur
1
2 Land Use Activity
3
Melayu
House Architecture
4
Malay Reserved Land
This instruction is chosen because it offers the way to help and create a well-designed place should look, feel and function. Since Kg. Datuk Keramat is a well-known area since a long time ago, it is important to maintain and improve the town to a better township. However, the indicators from Vista are too wide to be used to appraise Kg. Datuk Keramat. Thus, the instructions are focusing to the suitability of the site. There are 4 design elements that need to be considered:
Sense of Place
Development should enhance and celebrate township’s s character and reflect the special qualities of the site.
Access
Development should ensure that township is easy to get around, so everyone can access services and facilities
Public Space
The “spaces between buildings” should provide a high quality urban environment for the people to enjoy.
Lifestyle
Places should reflect the diversity and rich lifestyles of its population as well as encourage a vibrant mix of people, ages, uses and activities.
Visual Quality and Attraction
Figure 3.5: Criteria of Traditional Village in Kuala Lumpur Source: Pelan Struktur Kuala Lumpur 2040
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3.2 CUSTOM-HYBRID ASSESSMENT TOOL Previously discussed, a new custom-hybrid assessment tool is produced to suit the unique condition of the study area, Kg. Datuk Keramat, as an urban traditional village located in the middle of urbanized area of Klang Valley. The justifications of why the 5 different assessment tools are selected is already explained in the earlier sections. Therefore, it can be acknowledged that each of the 5 assessment tool have significantly contributed to the designation of this custom-hybrid assessment tool. MURNInet rating system which includes its structures and scoring system, are used as the foundation in designing of this custom-hybrid assessment tools. Therefore, the components contained in all 5 assessment tools are filtered, hence, the ones which seem to be applicable to the study area are adopted and the scoring methods are adjusted accordingly with the MURNInet scoring system. Furthermore, it is worth noting that heritage aspect is given more emphasis, thus, all the components of the traditional village criteria assessment by the DBKL are considered. In this custom-hybrid assessment tool, there are 7 dimensions produced which reflect various important aspects of a matured neighbourhood development. Dimension 1 on heritage and urban design is significant to ensure the important elements of the study area in terms of traditional village criteria and urban design including heritage are well maintained. Dimension 2 on optimal land use ensures the minimal impact of urbanization in the study area. Dimension 3 to 6 is significant to ensure the liveability and sustainability of the neighbourhood development. Lastly, Dimension 7 ensures the environmental health and quality of the neighbourhood. Therefore, all the 7 Dimensions indicates each own importance, hence, the selected components (themes and instructions) are structured and justified in the next following sections.
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7 DIMENSIONS
1
HERITAGE IDENTITY AND URBAN DESIGN
2
OPTIMAL LAND USE
4
COMMERCIAL ACCESSIBILITY
• Traditional Village Criteria • Cultural Identity and Urban Design Quality
3
5
PROSPEROUS COMMUNITY
• Land Use Change • Urbanization Development • Land Use Pattern
• Housing Affordability
• Proximity To Commercial • Social Engagement
UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC FACILITIES
EFFICIENT INFRASTRUCTURE & TRANSPORTATION
• Healthy Communities • Public Facilities Location and Design • Public Park Development
7
6
• Utility Efficiency • Waste Management System • Sewerage System • Linkage, Transportation and Traffic SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY • Environmental Quality • Risk Management • Environmental Management
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3.2.1 HYBRID DIMENSION 1 – HERITAGE IDENTITY AND URBAN DESIGN
INDICATORS
THEME HU1 – TRADITIONAL VILLAGE CRITERIA HU1-P1
Justification:
Land use activity (DBKL)
Residential is the major indicator for land use sector to be in one of the traditional village criteria. It is also related with the population density in the village. To be in the criteria, the village must be lower in the density.
HU1–P2
Justification:
Malay reserved land
Malay reserved land is a symbol of sovereignty and privileges for the Malays. This instruction is to assess the land status of Kg. Datuk Keramat.
(DBKL) HU1-P3
Justification:
Traditional house architecture
Although Kg. Datuk Keramat is located in the city, but the architecture houses with a little bit of tradition element still exists. This is to ensure how much the architecture is conserved.
(DBKL) HU1-P4
Justification:
Visual quality and attraction
The unique visual quality or scenery of the village surrounded by the city of Kuala Lumpur will make Kg. Datuk Keramat more attractive. This instruction is to assess the view of the village’s surrounding development. There are five components to be analysed which are the availability of water body, public space, the village’s scenery, and it surrounding scenery.
(DBKL)
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THEME HU2 – CULTURAL IDENTITY AND URBAN DESIGN QUALITY HU2-P1
Justification:
Cultural Identity and Sense of place
Most villages have lost their identities due to the rapid development pressures. The development should seek to enhance and bring Kg. Datuk Keramat’s unique sense of place and special features.
INDICATORS
(Vista) HU1–P2
Justification:
Access to place (Vista)
Good circulation is important in a town and the needs of cars, public transport, cyclists and, most importantly, pedestrians must be carefully considered. The accessibility in Kg. Datuk Keramat should seek to facilitate good access around for all travellers whether they use cars, public transport, walk or cycle.
HU1-P3
Justification:
Lifestyle
The places within Kg. Datuk Keramat should reflect the diversity and lifestyles of its population as well as encourage a vibrant mix of people, ages, uses and activities. A mix of services within walking distance encourages a sense of community and reduces the need to drive.
(Vista)
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3.2.2 HYBRID DIMENSION 2 - OPTIMAL LAND USE
INDICATORS
THEME LU1 – LAND USE CHANGE LU1-P1
Justification:
Percentage of change to nondevelopment areas
General meaning of development area is an area that is been build with any development such as housing or infrastructures, whiles non-development area is an area that is not been develop yet such as open spaces and water bodies. Therefore for an area that had been classified as Traditional Village by DBKL which is Kampung Datuk Keramat, it is important for the area should preserved their non-development area from any development that can get rid the identity of traditional village.
(MURNInets)
INDICATORS
THEME LU2 – URBANIZATION DEVELOPMENT LU2-P1
Justification:
Rate of urbanization
Urbanization rate refers to the percentage of population living in a urbanize area or area that has been designated as an urban area. The percentage of urban population can cover either involving only one city or a combination of several cities. To meet the requirement for any traditional village by DBKL, Kampung Datuk Keramat should not have high rate of urbanizations to maintain their traditional villages identities.
(MURNInets)
LU2-P2
Justification:
Public Open Space Provision
Public open space is measured in accordance with the decision of the 5th MPFN meeting on 6 October 2005 which aims to provide 2 hectares of public open space for every 1,000 residents towards achieving developed country status by 2020. This criteria also important to check whether Kampung Datuk Keramat still maintain their traditional village identities.
(MURNInets)
INDICATORS
THEME LU3 – LAND USE PATTERN LU3-P1
Justification:
Mixed Use
In the same way that a mixed-use environment creates a sustainable and diverse neighborhood by integrating both residential and commercial uses into one building or neighborhood, they also place a variety of shops, services, and amenities within walking distance of neighborhood residents and each other. For an area that have been gazette as traditional village such as Kampung Datuk Keramat, this indicators should be fulfill to ensure less use of private transportation and also contributes to health and fitness.
(LEED)
3.0 REVIEW: INDICATOR ASSESSMENT TOOLS
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
3-8
3.2.3 HYBRID DIMENSION 3 – PROSPEROUS COMMUNITY
INDICATORS
THEME KT1 – HOUSING AFFORDABILITY KT1-P1
Justification:
Provision of affordable housing (state target) (MURNInets)
The provision of affordable housing to the target group is the main agenda of the country which is a platform to create a strong community in terms of economy, education and health to individuals, families and communities. Therefore, the provision of affordable housing should meet the needs, demands and ability to own a home for all low- and middle-income groups in Kg. Datuk Keramat.
KT1-P2
Justification:
Affordable and diverse housing
A neighborhood with a wide range of housing types and sizes can support a diverse population that includes students, families, seniors, group housing, young singles, or couples. It can also add a sense of texture and character to a place, encouraging social and economic diversity, along with multiple levels of affordability. Therefore, it is crucial to assess whether Kg. Datuk Keramat does consist of diverse housing varieties for all ranges of affordability or not.
(LEED)
3.0 REVIEW: INDICATOR ASSESSMENT TOOLS
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3.2.4 HYBRID DIMENSION 3 – COMMERCIAL ACCESSIBILITY
INDICATORS
THEME CT1 – PROXIMITY TO COMMERCIAL CT1-P1
Justification:
Proximity from residential areas to commercial areas
As Kampung Datuk Keramat is an older neighbourhood consisting of major residential area, commercial activities are significantly important to enhance the livability and economy of the area. Hence, the proximity from residential areas towards commercial areas is an important aspect as the proximity ensures high accessibility of the residents towards the commercial areas.
(LEED)
INDICATORS
THEME CT2 – SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT CT2-P1
Justification:
Provision of cultural and art centre within the proximity of the area
The cultural and art centre provision is seen as an important aspects to be taken into consideration as Kampung Datuk Keramat is identified as one of the traditional village locating in major city of Kuala Lumpur. The provision of the cultural and art centre is to ensure the resiliency and longevity of the intangible tradition and heritage in Kampung Datuk Keramat area.
(LEED)
3.0 REVIEW: INDICATOR ASSESSMENT TOOLS
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3-10
3.2.4 DIMENSION 4 COMMERCIAL ACCESSIBILITY
3.2.5 HYBRID DIMENSION 5 – UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE INSTITUTION & PUBLIC FACIITIES
INDICATORS
THEME PF1 – HEALTHY COMMUNITIES PF1-P1
Justification:
Public and recreational facilities
Measurement of coverage of residents’ accessibility to community facilities around their homes. These facilities should be low hierarchical facilities that are basic facilities provided for the use of local residents of Kg. Datuk Keramat.
(LEED)
INDICATORS
THEME PF2 – PUBLIC FACILITIES LOCATION AND DESIGN PF2-P1
Justification:
Transit oriented locations (LEED)
For an area that will be used by the people in Kampung Datuk Keramat and nearby neighborhood, the area of public and recreational facilities should be located on a site that is within walking distance from public facilities to area of high levels of transit service which are not more than 1.5 km. Therefore, the purpose of this indicator is to determine the accessibility of the public facilities through public transportation services in Kg, Datuk Keramat to its residents.
PF2-P2
Justification:
School access
Public institutions such as schools must be located within walking distance of neighborhood residents and each other to reduces car trips and facilitates walking, which contributes to health and leads to less traffic congestions in the neighbourhood. Therefore, this indicator is crucial in order to appraise the level of accessibility of schools in Kg. Datuk Keramat to the student's community.
(LEED)
PF2-P2
Justification:
Universal design
A good neighborhood is one that are designed for a variety of ages and abilities. Key techniques include designing some housing to have “stepless” entrances and other accessible features, making public portions of buildings universally accessible, and including wheelchair access at traffic intersections and between buildings. Thus, it is important to assess the accessibility that can be acquired for every kind of abilities to ensure to inclusivity of Kg. Datuk Keramat.
(LEED)
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INDICATORS
THEME PF3 – PUBLIC PARK DEVELOPMENT PF3-P1
Justification:
Parks and recreation (LEED)
Public park means an area or portion of an area dedicated or designated by any federal, state, or local agency primarily for public recreational use, whether or not such use is limited to certain times or days, including any land leased, reserved, or held open to the public because of that use. The locations of the public park also should not be far more than any walking distance for the neighborhood which are 800m. This indicator will measure the nearest public park for the people of Kampung Datuk Keramat.
PF3-P2
Justification:
Public park maintenance
As an area that will be use by any age groups for the neighborhood, the public park should be maintains by the local authority or any parties that had been appointed for the maintenances of the area. The public park should be maintained at least more than 90% of the whole conditions. If it is not be well maintains, it can cause harms to the people in Kampung Datuk Keramat especially.
(MURNInets)
3.0 REVIEW: INDICATOR ASSESSMENT TOOLS
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3-12
3.2.6 HYBRID DIMENSION 6 – EFFICIENT INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION
THEME IT1 – UTILITY EFFICIENCY IT1-P1
Justification:
Volume of daily domestic water usage
Domestic water usage is the water use for daily activities such as showering, washing, gardening and other activities. The standard water usage rate set by United Nation is 165 litres/day for each person. Thus, this indicator is important to cater the water demand of residents in Kg. Datuk Keramat in future and to ensure the residents use the water wisely.
INDICATORS
(MURNInets)
IT1–P2
Justification:
Decreasing in disruption of water supply case
The aim for this indicator is to supply the electric and water without any disruption such as broken pipes, low water pressure, and contaminated water supply quality. Since Kg. Datuk Keramat area always facing water disruption, it is suitable to assess the management in providing services to the consumers as well as the electric supply disruption.
(MURNInets) IT1–P3 Decreasing in disruption of electric supply case (MURNInets) IT1–P4
Justification:
Broadband coverage
The percentage of population covered by at least 3G mobile broadband network facilities refers to the percentage of population within the distance of at least 3G mobile cellular signals. However, nowadays there are many places where 4G is available especially in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor.
(MURNInets)
3.0 REVIEW: INDICATOR ASSESSMENT TOOLS
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3-13
INDICATOR
THEME IT2 – WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IT2-P1
Justification:
Recycling activities and services
A good management of solid waste plays an important role to ensure the cleanliness in Kg. Datuk Keramat. Recycling rate means the process of segregation of household solid waste which involves the segregation of solid waste according to the composition of waste These two indicator is to ensure the provision services can help the residents to participate in recycling activities.
(LEED)
INDICATORS
THEME IT3 – SEWERAGE SYSTEM IT3-P1
Justification:
Residential sewerage service
The indicator is to measure the percentage of areas that receive sewerage services. It is important as it can monitor the quality of sewage production and improving the quality of life in Kg. Datuk Keramat.
(MURNInets)
THEME IT4 – LINKAGE, TRANSPORTATION AND TRANSIT IT4-P1
Justification:
Location and linkage
Location and linkage means the location is well connected to the surrounding development by road network and public transit. Kg. Datuk Keramat is considered as a older village located in urban area of Kuala Lumpur; hence, connectivity is a significant aspect to ensure the seamless intra-region mobility of the people using different modes of transport.
INDICATORS
(LEED)
IT4–P2
Justification:
Number of integrated public transportation terminal/station
The integrated public transport station serves at least two modes of public transport which will encourage the use of public transport and reduce the traffic congestion. As an urban village within Kuala Lumpur, Kg. Datuk Keramat, it is still important to ensure the neighborhood to cope with the demand of public transportation of within and with outer region connectivity.
(MURNInets)
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IT4-P3
Justification:
Public transit stops
The provision of public transit stops serves a more localized area within the residential area, hence, to increase the mode of public transport among the residents, the location of the transit stops must be within walking distance and is provided with maximum and inclusive facilities. The two indicators are two of the leading factors to encourage the use of public transportation and to reduce the traffic congestion.
(LEED) IT4-P4 OKU accessible transit
INDICATORS
(Livability Index) IT4-P5
Justification:
Cycling facilities
A good quality of walkway provision and cycling facilities will enhance the active socialization and engagement among residents. Furthermore, regulating the road speed limit in residential area is significant for the safety of the people at the street level. Therefore, to maintain the value of “Kampung” in terms of active and engaging residents (outdoor activities) within Kg. Datuk Keramat, these indicators are important to ensure a comfortable, safe and inviting provision of pedestrian walkway and cycling facilities.
(LEED) IT4-P6 Neighborhood walkability (LEED) IT4-P7 Safe street (Livability Index) IT4-P8
Justification:
Reduced parking demand
To reduce parking demand and the dependency on private road vehicles encourages the use of public transportation and active mobility. Therefore, this component is considered to identify the performance of Kg. Datuk Keramat in minimizing the surface parking area which also can reduce the traffic congestions due the the on-road parking typically found in a village area.
(LEED)
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3.2.7 HYBRID DIMENSION 7 – SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
INDICATORS
THEME ST1 – ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ST1-P1
Justification:
River quality status
Klang River used to be the origins of settlements as most settlements started along the riverside, this goes the same to Kampung Datuk Keramat which established near Klang River. Klang River however had been impacted to its quality by rapid developments, and hence this is why it is important to assess the water quality of the Klang River within the study area.
(MURNInets)
ST1–P2
Justification:
Air quality status
Rapid developments certainly have impacts on the environmental quality and the environmental quality mentioned also includes the air quality. Clean air quality is very important to ensure the health of the residents and the environment itself.
(MURNInets)
INDICATORS
THEME ST2 – RISK MANAGEMENT ST2-P1
Justification:
Implementation of disaster risk initiative
Disaster occurrence in an area must be acknowledged in order to ensure the safety of the people and to mitigate measures on preventing future disaster from reoccurring. Hence, additional initiatives from the local authorities need to be strengthen and varies.
(MURNInets)
INDICATORS
THEME ST3 – ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ST3–P1 Ecosystem and open space (LEED)
Justification: The balance in ecosystem need to be maintained and preserved as imbalance ecosystem would affect the surrounding environment negatively. Water bodies, wetlands and any natural geographical feature of an area need to be taken into consideration before a development kick off and measures on sustaining these natural features are important to ensure the stability of the ecosystem.
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3.3 HYBRID ASSESSMENT TOOLS: SCORING SYSTEM
Table 3.5: Dimension 5 – Universally Accessible Institutions & Public Facilities
The parameter used in this scoring system is adopted from MURNInet assessment tool in which there are 3 given percentage indicator scale; 0%-49% for low performance; 50%-79% for moderate performance; and 80%-100% for high performance. The assessment is conducted by scoring each of the dimensions and lastly is for the overall assessment. 3.3.1 DIMENSION ASSESSMENT SCORING Table 3.1: Dimension 1 - Heritage Identity & Urban Design
SCALE
DESCRIPTION
80% - 100%
Universally accessible
50% - 79%
Moderate universal accessibility
0% - 49%
Low universal accessibility
Table 3.6: Dimension 6 – Efficient Infrastructure and Transportation SCALE
SCALE
DESCRIPTION
80% - 100%
High quality of Heritage Identity & Urban Design
50% - 79%
Moderate quality
0% - 49%
Low quality
80% - 100%
Efficient infrastructure and transportation
50% - 79%
Moderate efficiency
0% - 49%
Low efficiency
Table 3.7: Dimension 7 – Sustainable Environmental Quality
Table 3.2: Dimension 2 – Optimal Land Use SCALE
DESCRIPTION
80% - 100%
Optimal Land Use
50% - 79%
Moderate optimality
0% - 49%
Low optimality
Table 3.3: Dimension 3 – Prosperous Community SCALE
SCALE
DESCRIPTION
80% - 100%
High quality of environmental sustainability
50% - 79%
Moderate quality
0% - 49%
Low quality
3.3.2 OVERALL HYBRID ASSESSMENT SCORING DESCRIPTION
80% - 100%
Prosperous community
50% - 79%
Moderate prosperity
0% - 49%
Low prosperity
Table 3.4: Dimension 4 – Commercial Accessibility SCALE
DESCRIPTION
The overall assessment for performance of each dimensions is to identify the sustainability index status of Kg. Datuk Keramat. There are given 3 scales; sustainable, moderate sustainability and low sustainability. Table 3.8: Overall Hybrid Assessment Scoring SCALE
DESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTION
80% - 100%
Sustainable
80% - 100%
High commercial accessibility
50% - 79%
Moderate sustainability
50% - 79%
Moderate commercial accessibility
0% - 49%
Low sustainability
0% - 49%
Low commercial accessibility
3.0 REVIEW: INDICATOR ASSESSMENT TOOLS
Source: MURNInet
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Table 3.9: Custom Hybrid Assessment Tools Scoring System DIMENSION DIMENSION 1
THEME HU1
Heritage Identity and Urban Design
Traditional Village Criteria
INDICATORS
INSTRUCTIONS
HU1-P1 (DBKL)
Land Use Activity Population Density : • < 200 people per Km2 = 3 scores • 200 – 300 people per Km2= 2 scores • >300 people per Km2= 1 score
HU1-P2 (DBKL)
Malay Reserved Land
HU1-P3 (DBKL)
Traditional house architecture
HU1-P4 (DBKL)
Visual Quality and Attraction
Received status as a Malay Reserved Land (3 scores)
Traditional house percentage of total landed residential: • > 80% = 3 scores • 50% - 80% = 2 scores • < 50% = 1 score
Criteria: • Availability of river or water body elements • Public square or open space for leisure activities for the village community • Views of the streets or small alleys that presents the image of the village • The scenery and atmosphere of the village is still strong and not affected by planned development • The surrounding scenery (outside the village) becomes the landscape background for the village which includes natural elements or unique human constructions. Scoring: 5 achieved criteria = 3 score 3-4 achieved criteria = 2 scores 1-2 achieved criteria = 1score
HU2
Cultural identity and Urban Design Quality
HU2-P1 (Viista)
Cultural Identity and Sense of Place Criteria (One score for each): • Development should respond to special character precincts • Corners and special sites should provide landmarks to improve the distinctiveness of the neighbourhood • Artworks and local activities which reflects local identity and cultures are encouraged 3 scores maximum Continue
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DIMENSION
THEME
INDICATORS
INSTRUCTIONS
HU2 – P2 (Vista)
Access To Place Criteria (1 score for each): • Pedestrian circulation should be safe and accessible to all ages and abilities • Integration of vehicles and pedestrians should be carefully considered with priority given to pedestrians. • Pedestrian activity and quality pedestrian amenity should predominate at street level. 3 scores maximum
HU2 – P3 (Vista)
Lifestyle Criteria (1 score for each): • Development should encourage street-level activity, surveillance and enhance the sense of community stewardshipal) • Streets and districts should suggest a variety of uses, integrating areas of business, retail and housing • Places should offer a high quality of urban amenity, and work at all hours of day and night for both users and passers-by 3 scores maximum.
DIMENSION 2
LU1
Land Use Change
LU1 – P1 (MURNINets)
Percentage of Change to Non-Development Areas • 0% = 3 scores • 1% to 2% = 2 scores • More than 2% -=1 score
LU2
Urbanization Development
LU2 – P1 (MURNINets)
Rate of Urbanization • 60% = 1 score • 30% to 59% = 2 scores • Less than 29% = 3 scores
LU2 – P2 (MURNINets)
Public Open Space Provision
LU3-P1 (LEED)
Mixed Use
Optimal Land Use
LU3
Land Use Pattern
Ratio Compared To 1,000 Population • More than 2 hectare for 1000 people = 3 scores • 1.5 to 1.9 hectare for 1000 people = 2 scores • Less than 1.4 hectare for 1000 people = 1 score
Enables walking access (within 400 m) to the following number of existing or new land uses, clustered within neighborhood centers. • 4 to 6 uses = 1 score • 7 to 10 uses = 2 scores • More than 11 uses = 3 scores Uses can include commercial or civic facilities such as restaurants, schools, pharmacies, supermarkets, theatres, parks, libraries, or shops. Continue
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DIMENSION DIMENSION 3
THEME KT1
Prosperous Community
Housing Affordability
INDICATORS
INSTRUCTIONS
KT1-P1 (MURNInets)
Provision of affordable housing (state target)
KT1-P2 (LEED)
According to state target achieve • ≥ 30% = 3 scores • 20% - 29% = 2 scores • ≤ 19% = 1 score Affordable and Diverse Housing Criteria (1 score for each): • Provides multiple housing types of different sizes, such as large and small apartments, duplexes, townhomes, and/or single-family homes. • Provides both high levels of affordability and multiple housing types of different sizes 2 scores maximum
DIMENSION 4
CT1
Commercial Accessibility
CT2
Proximity to Commercial
CT1 – P1 (LEED)
Proximity from residential areas to commercial areas, shops, stores and markets:
Social Engagement
CT2 – P1 (LEED)
Provision of cultural and art centre within the proximity of the area:
• • •
Within 500m = 3 scores Within 1000m = 2 scores Within 1500m = 1 scoree
• 1 institution / 5000 population = 3 scores • 1 institution / 10000 population = 2 scores • 1 institution / 15000 population = 1 score Continue
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DIMENSION DIMENSION 5
THEME PF1
Universally Accessible Institutions And Public Facilities
PF2
INDICATORS
INSTRUCTIONS
Healthy Communities
PF1 – P1 (LEED)
Public and Recreational Facilities
Public Facilities Location and Design
PF2 – P1 (LEED)
Transit-Oriented Locations
PF2 – P2 (LEED)
School Location and Access
Provision of access to the community in the form of radius / circle from community facilities and residence: • Within 500m = 3 scores • Within 1000m = 2 scores • Within 1500m = 1 score
Located on a site that is within walking distance from public facilities to area of high levels of transit service: • Within 500m = 3 scores • Within 1000m = 2 scores • Within 1500m = 1 score
Located within walking distance to a school from residential area (500m for elementary and middle schools; 1000m for high schools) Primary & Secondary School: • Within 500m = 3 scores • Within 1000m = 2 scores • Within 1500m = 1 score University: • Within 1000m = 3 scores • Within 1500m = 2 scores • Within 2000m = 1 score
PF3
Public Park Development
PF2 – P3 (LEED)
Universal Design
PF3 – P1 (LEED)
Parks and Recreation
PF3 – P2 (MURNINets)
Public Park Maintenance
For non-residential area, universal accessibility for people of diverse abilities along 100% of public rights-of-way = 3 scores
Enables access from residential area to publicly accessible indoor or outdoor recreational facilities (at least 1 acre in size outdoor or 25,000 square feet indoor) • Within 500m = 3 scores • Within 1000m = 2 scores • Within 1500m = 1 score
• • •
More than 100% of parks been maintained = 3 scores 95% to 99% of parks been maintained = 2 scores Less than 94% of parks been maintained = 1 score Continue
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DIMENSION DIMENSION 6
THEME IT1
Utility Efficiency
Efficient Infrastructure and Transportation
IT2
Waste Management System
INDICATORS
INSTRUCTIONS
IT1-P1 (MURNINets)
The volume of daily domestic water usage per capita • ≤ 165 liters / day / person = 3 scores • 166 - 200 liters / day / person = 2 scores • ≥ 201 liters / day / person = 1 score
IT1-P2 (MURNINets)
Decreasing in disruption of water supply case • ≥ 15% = 3 scores • 10-14% = 2 scores • ≤ 9% = 1 score
IT1-P3 (MURNINets)
Decreasing in disruption of electric supply case • ≥ 15% = 3 scores • 10-14% = 2 scores • ≤ 9% = 1 scores
IT1-P4 (MURNINets)
Broadband coverage rate ≥ 70% = 3 scores 50% - 69.9% = 2 scores < 50% = 1 score
IT2-P1 (LEED)
Recycling Activities and Services Provides at least four of the following five criteria: • Recycling services for residents • Hazardous waste disposal services for residents • Composting services for residents • Recycling receptacles on every mixed-use or non-residential block • Recycling or salvaging of at least 50% of construction waste Scoring: 1 – 2 = 1 score 3 = 2 scoress 4 - 5 = 3 scores
IT3
Sewerage System
IT3-P1 (MURNINets)
The percentage of residential gets sewerage services • ≥ 60% = 3 scores • 40%-59% = 2 scores • ≤ 39% = 1 score Continue
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DIMENSION
THEME IT4
Linkage, Transportation and Transit
INDICATORS
INSTRUCTIONS
IT4-P1 (LEED)
Location and Linkage Location is (any of the following, 1 score for each): • Infill neighborhood (surrounded by development) • Well-connected to surrounding development by street network • Well served by transit 3 scores maximum
IT4-P2 (MURNINets)
Number of integrated public transportation terminal/station
IT4-P3 (LEED)
Public Transit Stops
• • •
≥ 4 = 3 scores 2 – 3 = 2 scores 1 = 1 score
All existing transit stop is (1 score for each): • Walking distance from any land uses within the neighborhood. • Provided with shelters, benches, lighting and information displays • Provided with well-publicized vehicle sharing facilities on site or within 500 m 3 scores maximum
IT4 – P4 (LI)
OKU-Accessible Transit Stops Percentage of the total transit stops that are OKU-accessible within the neighborhood • ≥ 30% = 1 score • 31% - 70% = 2 scores • 71% - 100% = 3 scores
ITP4-P5 (LEED)
Cycling Facilities The neighborhood is provided with (if criteria 1 is complied, pick both or any of the following 2 criteria, 1 score for each): • • •
Cycling provision around the neighborhood Cycling network connects to more than 10 diverse land uses Provides secure and covered bicycle storage (10% of nonresidential and 30% of residential)
3 scores maximum Continue
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DIMENSION
THEME
INDICATORS
INSTRUCTIONS
IT4-P6 (LEED)
Neighborhood Walkability Criteria: • Sidewalks along 90% of street length (both side of the street) • Mixed-use and nonresidential buildings close to the sidewalk • Lines 60% of sidewalk with non-invasive trees • Provides noon-time shade along at least 40% of sidewalks Scoring: 4 achieved criteria = 3 score 2-3 achieved criteria= 2 score 1 achieved criteria = 1 score
IT4-P7 (LI)
Safe streets
IT4-P8 (LEED)
Reduced Parking Demand
Speed limits at neighborhood scale along the residential traffic road is no more than the national general speed limits at residential area (35 km/h). (3 scores)
Criteria (1 score for each): • Minimizes total surface parking area (no greater than 20% of built area) • Locates any off-street parking at the side or rear of buildings (not along the sidewalks) • Provides bicycle storage for building occupants, bicycle parking for visitors, and spaces for carpool or shared vehicles. 3 scores maximum Continue
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DIMENSION DIMENSION 7
THEME ST1
Sustainable Environmental Quality
Environmental Quality
INDICATORS
INSTRUCTIONS
ST1 – P1 (MURNINets)
River Quality Status The score for the river quality status is through the classification of river water quality class which has been divided into three categories: Class I: Not Polluted (WQI of >92.7) = 3 scores Class II: Slightly Polluted (WQI of 76.5 – 92.7) and Class III: Mildly Polluted (WQI of 51.9 – 76.5) = 2 scores • Class IV: Polluted (WQI of 31.0 – 51.9) and Class V: Extremely Polluted (WQI of < 31.0) = 1 score
• •
ST1 – P2 (MURNINets)
Air Quality Status The score for the air quality status is through the equation of (A÷365)×100 which A refers to numbers of days that have good and moderate air quality index throughout a year. • ≥ 80% days = 3 scores • 60% - 79% days = 2 scores • ≤ 59% days = 1 score
ST2
Risk Management
ST2 – P1 (MURNINets)
Numbers of initiative implemented and managed on disaster risk The numbers of initiatives on the disaster risk is measured by the numbers of incentives that have been done for the area, the scores are as below: • ≥ 5 (very satisfying) = 3 scores • 2 - 4 (satisfying) = 2 scores • 1 (unsatisfying) = 1 score
ST3
Environmental Management
ST3-P1 (LEED)
Ecosystems and Open Space Criteria (1 score for each): • Does not build on wetlands or water bodies and leaves buffers of undeveloped land around them. • Does not build on floodplains • implements a long-term (at least 10 years), fully funded management plan for onsite wetlands and water bodies. 3 scores maximum. Source: MURNInets, LEED-ND, Livability Index, DBKL, Vista Hamilton UD
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4.1
PHYSICAL STUDY The aspect of study on the Physical Study in Kampung Datuk Keramat will be converging to the existing aspects of the land use, Urban Design, Housing and Heritage, Commercial, Infrastructure and Utilities, Institutions and Public Facilities, and Open Space and Recreations. All of the related documents will also be reviewed to analyze the strength, weakness, potential and threat in Kampung Datuk Keramat. Finally, any related issues regarding the Physical Study at the site study area. Aim: To obtain adequate information and documents pertaining to Physical Study in Kampung Datuk Keramat. Objectives: 1. To study the existing land use Kampung Datuk Keramat. 2. To identify the issues and problems related to land use in Kampung Datuk Keramat. 3. To identify the urban design elements and tangible heritage characteristic. 4. To analyse the existing housing distribution and condition. 5. To observe and study the existing commercial activities within the study area and its compliancy to the current guidelines. 6. To study the existing of infrastructure and utilities in Kampung Datuk Keramat, in terms of the distribution, condition, capacity and identify if it can cater demands of social and economic developments. 7. To identify the existing institution and public facilities and the provision adequacy 8. To study the existing condition of open space and recreation in Kampung Datuk Keramat
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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4.1.1 Land Use A. Composition of Land Use Based on National Land Code 1965 (NLC) in section 52, it is mentioned that the categories of land use and application thereof to lands alienated under this act. Generally, the category of land use at the site area is consist 8 types of Land Use that are stated in table 4.1.1, with total of 275 acre. The table below shows the division of land use and area.
Land use category also can be divided into two main parts which are the develop area and non – develop area. Table 4.1.2 below will differentiate between develop areas and non – develop areas. Table 4.1.2: Land Use category LAND USE
AREA (ACRE)
PERCENTAGE (%)
Develop area Table 4.1.1: Land Use category, area (acre) and percentage
Housing and Settlement
150.27
54.64
Road Network, Traffic and Transportation
59.83
21.76
Public Facilities
15.74
5.72
Commercial
5.93
2.16
LAND USE
AREA (ACRE)
PERCENTAGE (%)
Housing and Settlement
150.27
54.64
Road Network, Traffic and Transportation
59.83
21.76
Water Bodies
21.08
7.67
Transportation
5.12
1.86
Public Facilities
15.74
5.72
Infrastructures
1.48
0.54
Open Space and Recreation
12.00
4.36
Industries
1.36
0.49
Total for develop area
239.73
87.17
Commercial
5.93
2.16
Transportation
5.12
1.86
Vacant Land
2.19
Infrastructures Industries
Non – Develop area Water Bodies
21.08
7.67
0.79
Open Space and Recreation
12.00
4.36
1.48
0.54
Vacant Land
2.19
0.79
1.36
0.49
35.27
12.83
Source: Iplan 2019
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Total for non – develop area
Source: Iplan 2019
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Develop Areas Land Use Category
Housing and Settlement Type of Housing (unit) • High rise housing (10) • Landed housing (1165)
• • • • •
Road Network and Traffic Type of Road Hierarchy (unit) Highway (2) Primary Collector Road (4) Small Collector Road (3) Local Road (6) Cul – De – Sac (3)
Transportation Type of Transportation (unit) • Lrt Station (3) • Bus Stop (12)
• • • • • •
Public Facilities Type Public Facilities (unit) Educational Facilities (2) Recreational and Sport Facilities (1) Safety and Securities Facilities (1) Community Facilities (1) Religious Facilities (5) Cemetery Facilities (1) Infrastructures Type of Infrastructure (unit) • Water Tank (1) • Sewerage (1)
ROA Commercial D
• • • • •
Type of Commercial (unit) Retail Business (75) Personal and Household Services (21) Food Centre (2) Market (1) Gas Station (1)
Industry Type of Industry (unit) • Vehicle Services (19) Non – Develop Areas Land Use Category Water Bodies Type of Water Bodies • Lake • River
Vacant Land
Open Space and Recreation Type of Open Space and Recreation (unit) • Neighbourhood Park • Playground • Playlot
Figure 4.1.1: Land Use category, type and number of units Source: DBKL and Virtual Fieldwork
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B. Indicator Assessment Table 4.1.3: Indicator Assessment Land Use DIMENSION 2 – OPTIMAL LAND USE THEME
INSTRUCTION
LU1 - Land Use Change
SCORE
LU1 – P1 Percentage of Change to NonDevelopment Areas The score for the land use changes is through the percentage from the equation given and will be divided in to three categories:
REMARKS The objective of measuring change in non development up areas is for areas that are not developed with a design that will affect nature. Proposed development should be carried out on the land use zone that has been set out in the Local Plan. • = (A – B) ÷ A x 100 Where A = non development areas year before the study (acre) B = non development areas the study years (acre) • = (35.27 – 35.27) ÷ 35.27 x 100 = 0% •
3/3
✓ o 0% = 3 scores
o 1% to 2% = 2 scores o More than 2% -=1 score
(MURNINets) LU2 Urbanization Development
LU2 – P1 Rate of Urbanization
•
The score for urbanization is based on the numbers of population in the city area and site study area, where the percentage will be divided into three categories:
✓ o Less than 29% = 3 scores o 30% to 59% = 2 scores o 60% = 1 score
3/3
The objective of this indicator is to measure the rate of urbanizations for the area, and for the traditional village purpose the lower rate of urbanization for the area the better for the area. This is because it will remain the peace of the area from any high-end development and remain the traditional village identity.
• (B ÷ A) x 100 Where, A = number of populations in the city (Bandar Kuala Lumpur) B = number of populations of the site study area • (5,967 ÷ 253,817) x 100 = 2.35%
(MURNINets) Continue
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DIMENSION 2 – OPTIMAL LAND USE THEME
INSTRUCTION
LU3 - Land Use Pattern
SCORE
LU3 – P1 Mixed Use
REMARKS •
The score for mixed uses of land uses will be determine through the numbers of land uses occurs in the radius given. Those number of land uses will be in three categories of score:
• •
For an area that have been gazette as traditional village such as Kampung Datuk Keramat, this indicators should be fulfill to ensure less use of private transportation and also contributes to health and fitness. Based on figure 4.2, there are 7 type of land uses in the radius of 400m within the city center which is the Pasar Keramat. Those land uses are, housing, transport, commercial, public facilities, open spaces, industries and water bodies.
o More than 11 uses = 3 scores
✓ o 7 to 10 uses = 2 scores o 4 to 6 uses = 1 score
N.T.S 400 Meter radius
2/3
Site Study Area
Figure 4.1.3: Pasar Datuk Keramat as a centre of the site study area. Source: Google Image Figure 4.1.2: Catchment area of mixed land use within city center Source: Iplan 2019
(LEED) TOTAL
8/9
C. Sub – Sectoral Conclusion Summary that can be made from Land Use part is that the land use change and urbanization development are in good score where it is meet the assessment for traditional village identity to reduce the land use change of the non – built areas and low rate of urbanizations. However, one of the issues that land use in the site study areas is mostly focused on the development of housing which are 54.64% of the total land use and less of open space area which are should be 10% of the total land use while it is just 4.36%.
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4.1.2 Urban Design Every town has its unique identity that need to be revitalized for the identity to be maintained. The town revitalization needs a very strong cooperation between the residents and also the responsible authority to achieve a successful urban design. This is to ensure the community in the old town get used to the new needs while preserving the cultural and historical values. In this sector, it will be focused on analyzing the existing urban design elements such as landmark, nodes, path, edges and district, identify the related issues.
• Masjid Al-Akram It is located near Kg. Datuk Keramat residential area which can ease the residents to access the mosque. One of the facilities that can be found at the mosque are Sekolah Rendah Agama Al-Akram. This area can be busy when there is activity held by the mosque and children going to school. Moreover, the mosque can accommodate 3,000 people. The activities organized always involve various groups such as men, women and even children (refer to the Figure 4.1.5).
A. The Existing Urban Design Elements a. Nodes Node is a point or strategic spot which are the focal point in a city. In general, node is defined as a place where the people gathering at this point. It can be a concentration or a junction. Node can be considered as one of the urban design elements that can give the city image-ability or a strong image. This is because the point are the places of action, where particular social interaction take place. • Mini UTC Keramat It is located at Jalan Datuk Keramat and can be seen easily whoever passed the road. Based on the people’s review on the mini UTC Keramat, there is always many people come for apply and renew Malaysian identity card, passport, driving license and other services. It opens everyday except for public holiday.
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Figure 4.1.5: Activities held by the Al-Akram Mosque Source: Google
• LRT Stations
Figure 4.1.4:Mini UTC Keramat Source: Google
There are two LRT stations in the study area which are LRT Dato’ Keramat and LRT Damai Station while the LRT Jelatek Station is the outside of study area. Thus, Kg. Datuk Keramat is very accessible since there are many LRT stations which act as nodes.
Figure 4.1.6: LRT stations in study area Source: Google
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• Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat
b. Landmark
Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat provides various recreational and leisure facilities for residents and the public in the area of Kg. Datuk Keramat, and surrounding areas. Usually, people are going to this recreational park for 'jogging' activities around the lake during morning and evening.
Landmark is another of point reference but not all the landmark can let the people to enter within them because they are external. Landmark can be the building, sign board, mountain or store. It also has unique and special visual feature that can be identified from a particular distance. The characteristics of landmark are the clarity of its general form, difference in form, shape and height from its surroundings which can make them contrast to the others development around them. • Pasar Keramat Pasar Keramat, which has been operating for almost 40 years is definitely an attraction for the residents in Kg. Datuk Keramat and other people to visit the market. It is located at the junction of Jalan Datuk Keramat and Lorong Keramat Dalam 8. Although the market had been moved to another place not far from there, the residents still against the relocation.
Figure 4.1.7:Playground in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat Source: Google
Figure 4.1.8:Jogging Track in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat Source: Google
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However, Pasar Keramat has no visual feature that can be easily seen and identified from a particular distance. Furthermore, based on the figure below, the signboard is dull, and a bit covered by some stalls.
Figure 4.1.8:Pasar Keramat Source: Google
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c. Path This element needs to be structured in planning design. This is because people observe the town or city by moving through it. A good path is when containing significant building and facades, concentration of uses and a clear path can lead to a clear city. By analysing the path of the study area, the street pattern of Kg. Datuk Keramat is a grid network of streets (Refer to Plan 4.1.2). This pattern allows for easy navigation and provides a block pattern that will improve connectivity, which also encourages alternative transportation modes to the car.
Pedestrian walkways play a vital role for pedestrian movement and access, enhance connectivity and promote walking. The clear path ensures the pedestrians to have a safe and adequate place to walk . However, there are some pedestrian walkway are very uncomfortable to walk because of the trees and lack of maintenance.
There are varieties of experience feelings by the road users especially around Pasar Keramat. This is due to certain conditions on the route such as the narrowness of the road or uneven road surfaces. 3.33%
10.00%
40.00%
46.67%
Very Unsatisfied Neutral Figure 4.1.10: Narrow road at Pasar Keramat Source: Google
Figure 4.1.9 shows the road at Pasar Keramat is a bit narrow which make the road users need to be more aware and careful when they are on the road. When car parked in inappropriate places, it can lead to severe traffic congestion. Based on the virtual site visit, all of the road in Kg. Datuk Keramat such as in residential area, Pasar Keramat and other commercial has been equipped with streetlights. This is to ensure the road user’s safety and to lower the crime risks.
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Figure 4.1.11 :Pedestrian walkway with some obstruction Source: Google
Unsatisfied Satisfied
Based on the questionnaire survey to the residents (Chart 4.1.1), most of them chose ‘neutral’ with the signboard provided followed by the ‘satisfied’ option. It shows that Kg. Datuk Keramat is good in providing signboard to the people to reach their destinations.
Chart 4.1.1: Respondent Satisfaction of Adequacy and Suitability of Road Sign Placement Source: Questionnaire Survey, 2020
Although there are many signboards such as road name or traffic signs provided, there are no pedestrian crossing in front of Datok Keramat (2) Primary School (Refer to Figure 4.1.12). It would be dangerous for children who wants to cross the road since the school is located at the junction.
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e. Edges Edges is the boundaries created that separate the continuity which is not use as paths. It can be walls, curb stones, streets, shorelines. Even though this element is not dominant as the path, many people can generalize the area as in the outline of a city. As Kg. Datuk Keramat, Kuala Lumpur located next to Setiawangsa , Jalan Jelatek is the boundary that separates these two areas. Refer to Plan 4.1.3. However, there is no clear edges that can be identified between Kg. Datuk Keramat and Figure 4.1.13: No pedestrian crossing in front of school Source: Google
d. District District is the medium to large section of the city which share the common identifying characteristic. It also can be defined as the sub area of the city. For example, the commercial district, sub urban district, industrial district and more. The district element can influence the observer to be mentally enter the “inside of” area.
N.T.S
In, Kg. Datuk Keramat, there are few districts that can be obviously visible which are commercial activities such as at Pasar Keramat area, and mixed retail business. For the residential, there are area of the bungalow houses, village and terrace house, and new development of housing. Refer to Plan 4.1.3
There is no clear edges or boundaries that separate Kg. Datuk Keramat and Selangor state.
Figure 4.1.14: Unclear edges Source: Google
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B. Indicator Assessment Table 4.1.4: Assessment compliancy urban design DIMENSION 1 – HERITAGE IDENTITY AND URBAN DESIGN THEME
INSTRUCTION
HU2 – Cultural Identity and Urban Design Quality
SCORE
REMARKS
HU2-P2 Access to Place Criteria (1 score for each): o Pedestrian circulation should be safe and accessible to all ages and abilities o Integration of vehicles and pedestrians should be carefully considered with priority given to pedestrians. o Pedestrian activity and quality pedestrian amenity should predominate at street level.
0/3
People of all ages and abilities need to be able to get around the neighbourhood area. However, in Kg. Datuk Keramat there is a lack of comfortability for the pedestrian to use the road. This is due to the not proper pedestrian walkway such as unconnected pedestrian walkways, electric pole or tree blocks the walkway and lack of trees to give shades. • The obstructions that causing the discomfort of pedestrians will decrease the pedestrian activity and qualities. • The narrow road at Pasar Keramat does not gives a clear and efficient access for the road users. Thus, it will have potential conflicts such as traffic jammed during peak hours.
3/3
Mixed activities can give a perception that the public space is functional or “owned”. In Kg. Datuk Keramat, there is no welcoming or attractive façade to a pedestrian walkway. • In this instruction, the 2 scores are given to the second and third criteria. Kg. Datuk Keramat is always visited by many people because of the various business and retails provided. • For the third criteria, there are some retail shops and restaurants that open during night. This can light up the village by offering the urban amenity for both users and passers-by.
•
3 scores maximum (VISTA) HU2-P3 Lifestyle Criteria (1 score for each):
✓ o Development should encourage street-
level activity, surveillance and enhance the sense of community stewardship o Streets and districts should suggest a variety of uses, integrating areas of business, retail and housing o Places should offer a high quality of urban amenity, and work at all hours of day and night for both users and passers-by
✓ ✓
•
3 scores maximum. (VISTA) TOTAL
3/6
C. Sub – Sectoral Conclusion Based on the assessment that been made, the urban design quality is not too strong in Kg. Datuk Keramat. It does not achieve all the criteria especially the accessibility to a place. The pedestrian walkway and road users will not experience a good design of the place because of a few factors such as the narrowness of the road which will endanger the user, unconnected walkway and others. However, in the study area, there mixed-commercial activities that can fulfil people’s needs. 4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
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4.1.3 Housing A. Housing Composition Housing is one of the fundamental needs that is often covered to ensure the well-being of people living in the area. Most of the issues to be addressed by the local authority are emphasizing the sufficient, accessible and quality supply of housing in order to meet the needs of the residents. This study of the housing sector therefore provides research data, analysis and identification in Kampung Datuk Keramat of housing issues and housing problems before proceeding to a new proposal to solve the problems. As for our study, there are total of 1,165 units of residential property in the study area which is equivalent to 146.47 acre. The percentage of the residential property is shown in the Chart 4.1.2 according to the zone that has been divided in the early stage of this study. The zone is divided into Zone A and Zone B. Zone A is located in the West side of Kampung Datuk Keramat while Zone B is located at the North of the site. The reason for dividing the zone is to simplify the task of identifying each type of houses.
Residential Unit By Zone (Unit)
TOTAL
560
1165
605
Zone A
Zone B Chart 4.1.2: Percentage of existing housing by zone Source: Virtual Fieldwork
Table 4.1.5: The housing composition according to the zone ZONE
UNITS
PERCENTAGE
Zone A
560
48.06
Zone B
605
51.94
Total
1165
100 Source: Google Map observation 2020 The space is intentionally left blank
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B. Housing Type and Distribution Kampung Datuk Keramat is a Malay reserved land in Kuala Lumpur with 275 acres and 53.36% of residential. The development of housing in Datuk Keramat consists of the mixture of high rise and landed type of housing. The high-rise housing consists of flat, condominium and apartment. Meanwhile for the landed housing, it consists of single storey detach house, 2 and 3 storey detached house and also village house. Since this area is the oldest Malay Reserved Land in Kuala Lumpur, the houses were built according to the shape of the land lot, depending on the preference of the homeowner. Hence, the orientation of the houses is not the same for all zone. Housing Type (%) Squatters
Table 4.1.6: The type of housing
0.2
Long House
TYPE OF HOUSING
0.1
Wooden House
Flat
2 Storey Detach
2 Storey Detach
32.8
Single Storey Detach
Wooden House
5
Long House Squatters
9.8
Condominium
3 Storey Detach 4 Storey Detach
10.8
Apartment
PERCENTAGE (%)
ZONE
Condominium
4
12
8.2
A, B
Apartment
4
14.3
9.8
A, B
Flat
2
7.3
5
B
10
33.6
23
-
Single Storey Detach
2.6
Flat
AREA (ACRE) High Rise Housing
Apartment
0.07
3 Storey Detach
NUMBER OF UNIT
Condominium
30.5
4 Storey Detach
Table 4.1.6 and Chart 4.1.3 shows the data of the existing type of housing in Kampung Datuk Keramat which has been obtained from the Google Map observation. The most common houses in the study area are the landed houses which is the 2 storey and the single storey detach house with the number of units of 457 (32.8%) and 351 (10.8%) units respectively. Meanwhile, the lowest is the high-rise houses which is the flat with 2 units (5%), followed by 4 units (8.2%) of condominium and 4 units (9.8%) of apartment in the study area. Since Kampung Datuk Keramat is an old settlement, there are also 319 units (30.5%) of wooden house that were found there during the virtual observation. Refer on Plan 4.1.5 that shows the type of houses and the distribution in Kampung Datuk Keramat.
Sub Total
Continue…
8.2 0
10
20
30
40
Chart 4.1.3: Percentage of housing type Source: Google Map observation 2020
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TYPE OF HOUSING
NUMBER OF UNIT
AREA (ACRE)
PERCENTAGE (%)
HIGH RISE HOUSING TOTAL
ZONE
10
Landed Housing Single Storey Detach House
351
15.8
Condominium 10.8
2 Storey Detach House
457
48
32.8
A, B
3 Storey Detach House
25
3.8
2.6
A, B
4 Storey Detach House
1
0.1
0.07
B
Informal House
319
44.67
30.5
A, B
Long House
2
0.2
0.1
B
Squatters
10
0.3
0.2
B
1165
112.87
77
-
Sub Total
4
A, B
Source: Google Map observation 2020
The number of landed housing are more than high rise housing because Kampung Datuk Keramat is an old settlement area. Plus, due to the title of Kampung Tradisi, most of the houses there are old development. Overall, housing in Kampung Datuk Keramat can be consider as a compact residential area. However, due to the location of houses that near with each other it increases the safety for the community and has nature surveillance. It also can be considered as livable area due to the community development and interaction for the local residents in Kampung Datuk Keramat.
Apartment
4
Flat
2
LANDED HOUSING TOTAL
1165
Single Storey Detach House
351
2 Storey Detach House
457
3 Storey Detach House
25
4 Storey Detach House
1
Informal House
319
Long House
2
Squatters
10
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C. Housing condition The section of analysis will comprise the condition of the houses in Kampung Datuk Keramat. The measurement of the housing condition is made based on the physical appearances of the buildings and also the structure of the houses based on the Google Map observation. Table 4.18 shows the condition of the housing on Zone A & B. The condition of most of the house in Kampung Datuk Keramat is good except for a number of informal houses. This is presumably due to the design, structure and materials choice. For example, almost all of the detached houses are in a good condition because it can be seen that the design looks modern with the material used are mostly bricks which shows that the age of the building is relatively low compared to that of the informal houses. Housing condition can be classified into three parts which are good, moderate and bad. The measurement of the housing condition is made based on the physical appearances and structure of the houses from the Google Map observation. Table 4.1.7: Indicator in determining housing condition INDICATOR Design
CHARACTERISTIC
Building structure Building materials
Environment
Cleanliness of surrounding environment
Table 4.1.8: Housing condition for each zone in Kampung Datuk Keramat ZONE Zone 1
Zone 2
CONDITION
UNIT
Good
336
Moderate
30
Bad
9
Good
388
Moderate
184
Bad
24
SCORE
Building design
Maintenance
Table 4.1.7 indicate on what are the characteristic of the housing that being analyzed to determine the condition of the house whether it good, moderate of bad. It is based on 3 indicator which are from design, maintenance and environment. The indicator based on certain characteristic to be valued by given score based on every house. The score then categorized in 3 level which good with total score from 17 to 25. Next, moderate with total score from 10 to 16 and lastly bad with total score 1 to 9.
Landscape Total
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
25
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
Score: Good = 17 - 25 Moderate = 10 - 16 Bad = 1 - 9
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D. Guideline Compliance The assessment is done to find out whether the development in Kampung Datuk Keramat complies with the planning guideline manual of DBKL. This assessment however only applied to the detach house and low to high-cost apartment since the other type of houses are either village houses or houses that are not stated in any guidelines. The component of the guidelines also is limited since there is a limitation to what we can measure virtually. Table 4.1.9: Compliance assessment for residential area TYPE OF HOUSES Detach house
Low to high-cost apartment
COMPONENT
STANDARD GUIDELINES
EXISTING GUIDELINES
Lot size minimum
-
15.2 m x 22.9 m
-
25 m x 28 m
Building height (maximum)
-
3 storeys (does not exceed 18.3 meter)
-
3 storeys
Setbacks (minimum)
-
Front & front: 24.4 m Side & front: 12.2 m Side& back: 12.2 m Back & back: 12.2 m Side & side: 9.1 m
-
Front & front: 24.4 m Side & front: 12.2 m Side& back: 12.2 m Back & back: 12.2 m Side & side: 9.1 m
Building provided with lift
-
15 storeys (low to middle cost apartment) 20 storeys (middle to high-cost apartment)
-
The low-cost apartment on the site is mostly 4 storeys height.
-
The middle to high-cost apartment is among 15 storeys height.
*The ground floor should be left vacant or reserved for the disabled, senior citizens, community facilities and the unit of service store only.
Source: DBKL Planning Guideline
In conclusion, most of the landed houses in Kg. Datuk Keramat obviously does not comply to the planning guideline set by the local authority. This is because the residential area there is an old settlement, which was established long before the planning guideline was enforced. Hence, there is no specific ways to assess the compliancy as there is no guideline for an old settlement. However, on the other hand, the strata housing in Kg. Datuk Keramat is a relatively new development which took place in recent years. This is why the strata housing in Kg. Datuk Keramat checked all the boxes for compliancy to the guidelines.
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E. Indicator assessment Table 4.1.10: Indicator assessment Housing DIMENSION 3 – PROSPEROUS COMMUNITY THEME
INSTRUCTION
SCORE
KT1- Provision Of Affordable Housing (State Target)
KT1-P1 Provision of affordable housing (total supply)
According to the total supply
✓ o ≥ 30% = 3 scores
3/3
o 20% - 29% = 2 scores o ≤ 19% = 1 score
REMARKS
•
According to the Bank Negara Director of Financial Surveillance, Qaiser Iskandar, the nationwide maximum affordable house price is RM282,000 based on the household median income. However, in Kuala Lumpur, the maximum affordable level is RM454,000.
•
Based on the statistic from NAPIC and Bank Negara Malaysia, in 2017, there are 8,613 units of affordable houses that has been launched. This total indicates 50% from the total launched houses which is 17,226 units. Therefore, based on the scoring criteria it has pass the 50% supply of the affordable housing, which earns it a score of 3
•
The majority of the supply for all the existing, incoming and planned supply are the single storey terrace, 2-3 storey terrace and condominium/apartment. This shows that the housing supply definitely provides multiple types of different sizes of houses as whether it is large and small apartments, duplexes, townhomes or even the singlefamily homes.
•
According to the above remarks, it has been stated that Kuala Lumpur has provided high numbers of affordable housing and also multiple housing types of different sizes and that includes the high-rise and the landed property overall.
(MURNInets) KT1-P2 Affordable and Diverse Housing
Criteria (1 score for each):
✓ o Provides multiple housing types of
different sizes, such as large and small apartments, duplexes, townhomes, and/or single-family homes. o Provides both high levels of affordability and multiple housing types of different sizes
✓
2/2
2 scores maximum (LEEDS) TOTAL
5/5
F. Sub-Sectoral conclusion The provision of adequate housing facilities and in accordance with affordability is the main goal in achieving the well-being of the community. The provision of affordable housing to the target group is the main agenda of the country which is a platform to create a strong community in terms of economy, education and health to individuals, families and communities. The provision of affordable housing should meet the needs, demands and affordability of housing for all low- and middle-income groups. The price of affordable housing up to RM400,000 refers to the ceiling price (maximum) for PR1MA affordable housing. However, for Kuala Lumpur, the price of the affordable houses is around RM454,000. Hence, from the assessment scoring above, it shows that Kuala Lumpur has provided an ample amount of affordable and diverse housing. Thus, explain the full score given for the assessment.
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4.1.4 Commercial Commercial is defined as activities that involve or relate to buying and selling goods and providing services. The commercial development is very important for the process of urbanization as the commercial activities are often seen as opportunities to improve the economic of an area for both the residents of the area and the local government that juridic the area. As for the commercial activities in Kampung Datuk Keramat, it has been observed and noted that the area consisted of several types of commercial activities.
Table 4.1.11: Commercial classification TYPES OF COMMERCIAL
Retail Business
Figure 4.1.15: Pasar Lama Datuk Keramat Source: Foursquare.com
A. Commercial Classification The commercial activities carried out in the study area, Kampung Datuk Keramat, are seen to be a bit different from other developed area as the study area was originally a traditional village consisting of just residential areas with a small area provided for commercial activities. The oldest commercial development or lots identified in the area is the Pasar Lama Datuk Keramat and it has become an important identity for the area. There are a lot of commercial activities emerged in the area and varies in types – consisting of retail businesses, personal and household services, food centre, market, business services and professional, private education, private health service, gas stations, residential buildings and commercial accommodation, boarding home, vehicle services and sport centre – and most of these businesses are held at the owner's home and personal lots. The types of commercial that exist in the area are listed and classified in Table 4.1.11 and Plan 4.1.6 shows the distribution of the businesses based on the types of commercial classification.
LIST OF SHOP NAMES
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
Warong Mak Timah Tree Steak House Ayam gepuk Pak Gembus Kedai Abg Mahmud Hipster Coffee Izzy Bakery Lemang Bendahara Keramat Coway Dato’ Keramat Pendang Roti Nasi Kandar Kita Uncle Bob Dato keramat Nasi Air Dingin Sri Keramat Catering Mally’s Corner Saudagar kitchen Sajian Asli Mak Wan Roti John Titiwangsa Hah Tomyam Rahim Roti Canai Masjid Keramat Lontong & Nasi Ambeng Anjung Selera Warung Bot, Din & Joe Ida Bakery Punten Kak Su Biskut Dulu-Dulu Ernie Best Delicious Annisa Seafood & Grill Suzy’s Kitchen Ismail’s Satay Satay Zainah Ismail Nasi Lemak Tingkap Thai Food Stall Own Nasi Ayam Intan Bakery Pau Gebu Gebas Continue
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Retail Business
Personal & Household Services
36. Satay Padang Ajo Agus 37. Kedai Makan Rimbunan Kasih 38. Otai Crispy Burger 39. Kedai Makan Mutiara 40. Restoran Sireh Junjong 41. Riduan Tomyam 42. Budak Keramat Café 43. Warung Pak Tam 44. Singgang Keramat 45. Kedai Makan Minang Batang Naweh 46. Singgang Keramat 47. Mikael’s Café 48. April 7th 49. Ezy Bakery 50. Dhia Tomyam 51. Sate Minang 52. Nasi Penyet Kak Mar 53. Ayam Penyet Surabaya 54. Samad Café 55. Stadium Keramat 56. Karipap Panas 57. Ayam Penyet Bonan 58. Gerai Kak Pia 59. Naz Burger 60. Char Kuey Teow Ustaz 61. Air Kelapa Muda 62. Nasi Arab Daw’an 63. My Kebab 64. D’homes Tart Melayu 65. Tuned up Café 66. Zahra’s Mom Kitchen 67. Ali Tomyam 68. Mash Nasi Ayam 69. Amat Burger 70. Akok Keduk Mek Klate 71. Putu Piring Original Keramat 72. Restoran D’ Tasik Keramat 73. Budak Comel Kitchen 74. Kedai Burger Aman 75. Mak Wan’s Corner 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Udamand Bundle & Alteration Kedai Alat Jahitan Keramat Tycoor Apparel Masta Barbershop Dato' Keramat Yana Rich Hair & Beauty Saloon PDS Two Hardware & Timber S/B Kedai Gunting Reykal
Personal & Household Services
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.
Vezzani Tailor Perabot Rekatrend Warship's Enterprise Taufic Renovation Kedai Nazir Tukang Emas HQ Mitra Electronic Jia Yi Houseware Sdn Bhd Shida Bridal Collection HG Global Trading Syarikat Jaya Diri JARUMAS Ashika Trust Enterprise Rahmah Laundry MAN Gallery Store
Food Centre
1. Food Court 1 2. Food Court 2
Market
1. Pasar Lama Datuk Keramat
Business Services and Professional
1. IMKEDA Datuk Keramat 2. AZ Land & Properties Sdn Bhd
Private Education
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Private Health Service
1. 药房店 – Pharmacy Store
Gas Stations
1. Petron Jalan Dato Keramat
Residential Buildings and Commercial Accommodation
1. 2. 3. 4.
Boarding Home
1. Kediaman Rasmi Pelajar PICOMS 2. Quarters JUPEM
PASTI Datuk Keramat Dar al Quran Datuk Keramat UniKL Business School Pusat Tahfiz Darul Haafizhiin Persatuan Silat Seni Cekak Ustaz Hanafi Malaysia Tadika Islam Sekolah Agama Dato' Keramat KL Sekolah Rendah Agama Al-Alusi Al-Madrasatul Ittifaqiyah Sekolah Agama Al-Ikwan
REDUP Kiri Classic Malay House in KL City Centre Residensi Chymes Gurney Homestay Keramat
Continue
Continue
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Vehicle Services
Sport Centre
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.
Net Auto Alif Abbas Motor Comey Car Wash AJ Autozone Car Wash & Service SMT Auto Spa Car Wash MA-Performance Garage DKRM Motor Supplies Rapido Malaysia @ Datuk Keramat KRM Power Sdn Bhd One Keramat Motor RF-R Motor Madzlan Car Aircond Specialist SK Racing Keramat Garage Bengkel Setia Sdn. Bhd. Awe autospa & transport Shine Shine - Kampung Datuk Keramat Tukul Keramat Awe Torwing Super Bike & Kapcai Arap Motorsports
Retail Business
54.34%
Personal & Household Services
15.23%
Food Centre
1.45%
Market
0.72%
Business Services & Professional
1.45%
Private Education
6.53%
Commercial Classification
Percentage
Private Health Service
0.72%
Gas Stations
0.72%
Residential Buildings & Commercial Accommodation
2.90%
Boarding Home
1.45%
Vehicle Service
13.77%
Sport Centre
0.72%
Source: Data Analysis
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Personal & Household Services Food Centre Market Business Services and Professional Private Education Private Health Service Gas Stations
Vehicle Service Chart 4.1.4: Percentage of Commercial Classification Source: Data Analysis
Table 4.1.12: Percentage of Commercial Classification Percentage
Retail Business
Residential Buildings and Commercial Accommodation Boarding Home
1. Datuk Keramat Sports Complex
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
Commercial Classification
Types of Commercial
Based on Table 4.1.12 and Chart 4.1.4, the majority of the types of existing businesses in Kampung Datuk Keramat consist of retail businesses which are food and beverages, home appliances and mini market. It represents more than 50% out of 138 businesses that were identified in the area. The second most businesses that are operated in the area is Personal and Household Services with 15.23% and the third is vehicle services with 13.77%. 6.53% of the businesses represented by the private education with 9 operating businesses. There are 4 businesses that classified as Residential Buildings & Commercial Accommodation from the total businesses in the area. Food Centre, Boarding Home and Business Services & Professional each represents 1.45% and the least types of business identified in the area are such as Private Health Service, Gas Station and Sport Centre of which only have 1 business operating for each type.
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B. Commercial Categories The existing commercial activities in Kampung Datuk Keramat as identified from the virtual site visit can be categorized into two economic sectors of which are formal economy and informal economy. The data are analysed on these businesses are roughly assumption done through the virtual site visit. a. Formal Economy Sector
Food Centre
1. Food Court 1 2. Food Court 2
Market
1. Pasar Lama Datuk Keramat
Business Services and Professional
1. IMKEDA Datuk Keramat 2. AZ Land & Properties Sdn Bhd
Private Education
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Private Health Service
1. 药房店 – Pharmacy Store
Gas Station
1. Petron Jalan Dato Keramat
Residential Buildings and Commercial Accommodation
1. 2. 3. 4.
Boarding Home
1. Kediaman Rasmi Pelajar PICOMS 2. Quarters JUPEM
The formal sector refers to all economic activities operating within the official legal framework that are paying taxes on all generated incomes. There are several businesses in the study area that are identified as the formal economic sector which includes different types of business. Table 4.1.13 shows the list of identified formal businesses. Table 4.1.13: List of Formal Business in Kampung Datuk Keramat Types of Commercial Retail Business
Personal & Household Services
List of shop names 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.
Tree Steak House Ayam gepuk Pak Gembus Coway Dato’ Keramat Hipster Coffee Sri Keramat Catering Mally’s Corner Saudagar kitchen Annisa Seafood & Grill Suzy’s Kitchen Ida Bakery Intan Bakery Kedai Makan Rimbunan Kasih Budak Keramat Café Mikael’s Café April 7th Nasi Kandar Kita
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 8. 9. 10. 11.
PDS Two Hardware & Timber S/B Perabot Rekatrend Warship's Enterprise Taufic Renovation Kedai Nazir Tukang Emas HQ Mitra Electronic Jia Yi Houseware Sdn Bhd Shida Bridal Collection HG Global Trading Syarikat Jaya Diri JARUMAS Ashika Trust Enterprise Rahmah Laundry
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
PASTI Datuk Keramat Dar al Quran Datuk Keramat UniKL Business School Pusat Tahfiz Darul Haafizhiin Tadika Islam Sekolah Agama Dato' Keramat KL Sekolah Rendah Agama Al-Alusi Al-Madrasatul Ittifaqiyah Sekolah Agama Al-Ikwan
REDUP Kiri Classic Malay House in KL City Centre Residensi Chymes Gurney Homestay Keramat
Net Auto Alif Abbas Motor Comey Car Wash AJ Autozone Car Wash & Service SMT Auto Spa Car Wash MA-Performance Garage DKRM Motor Supplies Rapido Malaysia @ Datuk Keramat KRM Power Sdn Bhd One Keramat Motor Madzlan Car Aircond Specialist SK Racing Keramat Garage Bengkel Setia Sdn. Bhd. Awe autospa & transport Shine Shine - Kampung Datuk Keramat Tukul Keramat Awe Torwing Super Bike & Kapcai Source: Virtual Fieldwork
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b. Informal Economy Sector The informal sector represents a significant part of the economies of most countries in the world, especially developing nations. It provides vital economic opportunities for people who have small amount to start business. As for in the study area, there are a lot of informal businesses emerging and its growth have helped in growing the economy for the area. Table 4.1.14 below shows a list of businesses that are informal within Kampung Datuk Keramat. Table 4.1.14: List of Informal Business in Kampung Datuk Keramat N.T.S
Figure 4.1.16: Formal Economic Sector in Kampung Datuk Keramat Source: Virtual Fieldwork
Figure 4.1.16 shows the locations of the operating formal businesses in Kampung Datuk Keramat. The figures showing AZ Land & Properties tower located next to Jalan Persiaran Gurney which is the border of the study area, The Haute Gurney – a condominium -, TAKSU Art Gallery, REDUP Kiri Homestay, shop building located near Al-Akram Mosque and lastly, Datuk Keramat Sport Centre.
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Types of Commercial
List of shop names
Retail Business
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.
Warong Mak Timah Kedai Abg Mahmud Izzy Bakery Lemang Bendahara Keramat Coway Dato’ Keramat Pendang Roti Uncle Bob Dato keramat Nasi Air Dingin Sajian Asli Mak Wan Roti John Titiwangsa Hah Tomyam Rahim Roti Canai Masjid Keramat Lontong & Nasi Ambeng Anjung Selera Warung Bot, Din & Joe Punten Kak Su Biskut Dulu-Dulu Ernie Best Delicious Ismail’s Satay Satay Zainah Ismail Nasi Lemak Tingkap Thai Food Stall Own Nasi Ayam Pau Gebu Gebas Satay Padang Ajo Agus Kedai Makan Rimbunan Kasih Otai Crispy Burger Kedai Makan Mutiara Riduan Tomyam Warung Pak Tam Dhia Tomyam Sate Minang Nasi Penyet Kak Mar Continue
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Retail Business
34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52.
Ayam Penyet Surabaya Stadium Keramat Karipap Panas Ayam Penyet Bonan Gerai Kak Pia Naz Burger Char Kuey Teow Ustaz Air Kelapa Muda Nasi Arab Daw’an My Kebab D’homes Tart Melayu Zahra’s Mom Kitchen Ali Tomyam Mash Nasi Ayam Amat Burger Akok Keduk Mek Klate Putu Piring Original Keramat Kedai Burger Aman Mak Wan’s Corner
N.T.S
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
Based on the virtual site visit done on observing the classification of businesses in Kampung Datuk Keramat, the identifiable conclusion that is done is that these informal businesses consisted a lot of food and beverages businesses that are held at the owner’s own houses. A lot of these businesses are operated within and around their houses compound with the additional features of canopies and small stalls. Figure 4.1.17 and 4.1.18 below shows the physical condition of the informal businesses operating in Kampung Datuk Keramat.
Figure 4.1.19: Informal Economic Sector in Kampung Datuk Keramat Source: Virtual Site Visit Google Maps
Figure 4.1.19 above shows some informal businesses and their location of operating in Kampung Datuk Keramat. These figures of informal businesses are captured through the virtual site visit done along the main Jalan Datuk Keramat. Plan 4.1.7, shows the location distribution of the formal and informal businesses in Kampung Datuk Keramat.
Figure 4.1.17: Coconut Shake Stall Source: Google Maps
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Figure 4.1.18: Nasi Kukus Ayam Dara Source: Google Maps
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C. Guideline Compliance The guidelines that are chosen to be referred is the Planning Guideline and Standard Manual for Selangor as the guidelines that are specified for Kuala Lumpur cannot be accessed and the study area is located at the boundary of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. Table 4.1.15: Guidelines compliancy (Physical Study: Commercial) TYPES OF COMMERCIAL Terrace Shop/ Shop Office/ Strata Shop • Beside Al-Akram Mosque
Detached and SemiDetached Shop • Tree Steak House and Ayam Gepuk Pak Gembus (SemiD) • Net Auto Sdn. Bhd. (Detached)
Business Complex • UTC Keramat
Gas stations • Petron Jalan Datuk Keramat
COMPONENT
STANDARD GUIDELINES
EXISTING MEASUREMENT
COMPLIANCY
10.1m x 35.5m
/
Minimum Lot
•
20’ x 60’ (6.1m x 18.2m)
Service Road
• •
1 - 2 levels: 50’ (15.2m) 3 - 5 levels: 66’ (20.1m)
15.7m
X
Back Lane
• •
1 - 2 levels: 20’ (6.1m) 3 - 5 levels: 30’ (9.1m)
9.9m
/
Firebreak/side lane
•
20’ (6.1m)
13.3m
/
Types of Shops
Semi-Detached Shops
Detached Shops
Semi-Detached Shops
Detached Shops
90’ x 130’ ( 27.43m x 39.62m)
14.4m x 18.6m
17.3m x 7.0m
7.45m
7.45m
Minimum Lot
•
60’ x 130’ (18.2m x 39.62m)
Service Road
•
Minimum 66’ (20.1 m)
Building Setback
• •
Facing Main Road: 40’ (12.1m) Side/Back: 20’ (6.1m)
Plinth Area
•
60%
Service Road
•
Ingress/Egress
•
• •
Facing Main Road : 7.68m Side: 8.65m(Right), None (Left)
Facing Main Road : 5.83m • Side: 8.65m(Left), None (Right) •
X X X
60%
/
Minimum 66’ (20.1 m)
11.64m
X
•
Minimum 50’ (15.2 m)
18.05m
/
Building Setback
• •
Facing Main Road: 40’ (12.1m) Side/Back: 20’ (6.1m)
Minimum Lot
• •
Without Service: 0.2 hectare (0.5 acre) With Service: 0.4 hectare (1.0 acre)
Ingress/Egress
• 30’ (9.1m) - 50’ (15.2m) • Angle of ingress and egress of <45°
Building Setback
• •
Facing Main Road: 40’ (12.1m) Side/Back: 20’ (6.1m)
• •
• •
Facing Main Road: 16.33m Side/Back: 7.94
/
0.5 acre
/
25.69m
/
Facing Main Road: 9.07m Side/Back: 13.1m
X Continue
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TYPES OF COMMERCIAL Market • Pasar Lama Datuk Keramat
Private University • UniKL Business School
COMPONENT
STANDARD GUIDELINES
EXISTING MEASUREMENT
COMPLIANCY
1 market: 5967 population
/
Catchment
•
1 market : 2,500 residential units or 10,000 residents.
Minimum Lot
•
0.5 hectare (1.2 acre)
2.4 acre
/
Service Road
•
Minimum 66’ (20.1 m)
9.25m
X
Minimum Lot
•
0.4 hectare (1.0 acre)
3.5 acre
/
Plinth area
•
60%
17%
/
Service Road
•
Minimum 66’ (20.1 m)
14.6m
X
Ingress/Egress
•
Minimum 50’ (15.2 m)
13.9m
/
Building Setback
• •
Facing Main Road: 40’ (12.1m) Side/Back: 20’ (6.1m)
• •
Facing Main Road: 16.18m Side/Back: 8.35m
/
Source: Planning Guideline and Standard Manual for Selangor
D. Indicator Assessment Table 4.1.16: Indicator Assessment Commercial DIMENSION 4 – COMMERCIAL ACCESSIBILITY THEME
INSTRUCTION
CT1 – Proximity to Commercial
SCORE
CT1-P1 Proximity from residential areas to commercial areas, shops, stores and markets:
•
✓ o Within 500m
= 3 scores o Within 1000m = 2 scores o Within 1500m = 1 score
(LEED)
REMARKS
3/3
The score is given based on the proximity of residential areas to commercial areas. Based on the instruction the full score is given to an area that comprises of commercial area within 500m radius from the residential area. And as for the study area, Kampung Datuk Keramat, full score is given as the proximity of residential areas to commercial areas is within 500m.
N.T.S
Figure 4.1.19a: Walking Distance from Residential area to Commercial Area Continue
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DIMENSION 4 – COMMERCIAL ACCESSIBILITY THEME
INSTRUCTION
CT2 – Social Engagement
SCORE
REMARKS
CT2 – P1 Provision of cultural and art centre within the proximity of the area: o 1 institution / 5000 population = 3 scores o 1 institution / 10000 population = 2 scores o 1 institution / 15000 population = 1 score
✓
• 2/3
The score for this assessment is given based on the number of art institution provision within certain amount of population. Full score is given to an area that provide an art centre for every 5000 population. As for Kampung Datuk Keramat, the total population is 5,967 and there is one art centre is provided. Hence, the study area obtained a score of 2 which translated the provision of 1 art centre for every 10000 population.
(LEED) TOTAL
5/6
E. Sub-Sectoral Conclusion Commercial activity is an important part of a township that is needed to ensure the economic stability for the study area. As for this study, the appraisal report highlighted the commercial sector within the aspects of physical study and the focus for this sub-sector is on the existing commercial activities and building within Kampung Datuk Keramat. The observation is done through the virtual site visit and the obtained information data are tabulated in table forms. The commercial activities as explained, are classified according to the types of commercial which comprises of retail businesses, Personal & Household Services, Food Centre, Market, Business Services and Professional, Private Education, Private Health Service, Gas stations, Residential Buildings and Commercial Accommodation, Boarding Homes, Vehicles service and sport centre. The commercial activities also are classified into formal and informal businesses. The information obtained are then appraised using indicator of MURNINets and LEED Indicator that has been modified to match the criteria for Kampung Datuk Keramat.
The space is intentionally left blank
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4.1.5 Infrastructure & Utilities Kuala Lumpur targets to provide the highest standard and quality of infrastructure and utilities services to support economic growth. Infrastructure and utilities which consists of water, electricity, telecommunication, waste management, sewerage and drainage with good quality always can achieve the level of satisfaction of the people with such provisions and services. Based on the Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan, principles of green infrastructure shall be adopted to improve level of urban services for drainage, sewerage, and solid waste management. To achieve this goal, its infrastructure and utilities must not associate with any problems such as interrupted supplies, shortages, or any unsatisfactory level of services. The study of this sector enable planner to analyze the existing conditions, identify issues and problems to propose better improvements related to the infrastructure and utility that are needed to support surrounding development. All the information collected is important and critical for the survey and during technical report preparation. A. Water Supply Having an adequate and a secure supply of clean water to a city is one of the most important aspects in planning and managing an urban area. Water supply is a process of supplying water from the reservoirs and conveyed as by pipes for public use in a city. Water functions are diverse and cover not only domestic needs but also include ecological functions including green space management, landscape design, crop cultivation and biodiversity. Air Selangor responsible for the provision of piped water supply for Kuala Lumpur including Kg. Datuk Keramat.
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Figure 4.1.20 :Air Selangor logo Source: Google
a. Water Tank There is only one water tank that can be found near to Kg. Datuk Keramat located at the north side of the site. The water tank is placed on slightly higher area from Kg. Datuk Keramat. (Refer to Figure 4..1.21) This is because the higher the water tank is placed; it can give pressure to water by using gravitational force for channel it to the users. Figure 4.1.21 :Water tank at Jalan Keramat Hujung Source: Google
b. Water Treatment Plant
Water treated for Kg, Datuk Keramat is supplied by Bukit Nanas Water Treatment Plant. It only provides sufficient water for 98 square kilometres of the City Centre and can produce 145 million litres treated water per day. The plant takes raw water from Klang Gates Dam. Since in the mid of 1970s, this water treatment plant plays important role in supplying water in Kuala Lumpur. The table below shows the detail about the water treatment plant. Table 4.1.17:Bukit Nanas Water Treatment Plant WATER TREATMENT PLANT Bukit Nanas Water Treatment Plant
CATCHMENT AREA
DISTRIBUTION CAPACITY (MLD)
Sg. Klang
145
SOURCE OF RAW WATER Klang Gates Dam
Source: Wikimapia.org, 2011
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Table 4.1.18 shows the average water demand according to the type of houses in Kg. Datuk Keramat and its expected demand.
Table 4.1.19: Expected electric supply demand in Kg. Datuk Keramat TOTAL (UNITS)
RANGE OF MAXIMUM DEMAND (.D) (KW)
EXPECTED DEMAND (KW)
Low Cost Flat, Single Storey Detach
631
3.0
1,893
820
5.0
4,100
12
15.0
60
TYPE OF HOUSE
Table 4.1.18: Expected water supply demand in Kg. Datuk Keramat TOTAL (UNITS)
AVERAGE WATER DEMAND (LITRES/UNITS)
EXPECTED DEMAND (LITRES)
Low Cost Flat
280
1100
306,000
Single Storey Detach , Village, Apartment
710
1300
923,000
Village, Double Storey Detach, Apartment, Condominium
Double Storey Detach
469
1500
703,500
Three Storey Detach, Four Storey Detach
Three Storey Detach, Four Storey Detach, Condominium
16
2000
32,000
TYPE OF HOUSE
TOTAL
1,966,500
Source: Adopted from Uniform Technical Guidelines
Table above shows the expected demand for water in Kg. Datuk Keramat based on the data obtained from housing sector. The highest water demand is from single storey detach, village house and apartments because they have many housing units than others. Kg. Datuk Keramat requires 1.97 million litres of water supply per day. B. Electric Supply Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) is responsible for the distribution and transmission of electricity and is a main producer of electricity in Malaysia. High voltage power is transmitted to Kuala Lumpur at 33kV and 11kV and channelled throughout the City, largely underground, at 400V and 240V for domestic consumers. In the site, there is one electric substation located beside residential at Jalan Bomoh. However, the electric substation’s type cannot be identified.
TOTAL
6,053
Source: Adopted by TNB
Table 4.1.19 shows the range of maximum demand based on the type of houses in Kg. Datuk Keramat. TNB needs to supply power to the whole Kg. Datuk Keramat as much 6,053 kW. Based on the desktop study, Kg. Datuk Keramat do not have an issue regarding inadequate electric supply. C. Solid Waste Management A good management of solid waste plays an important role to ensure the cleanliness of a city. Alam Flora Sdn. Bhd. is responsible for the collection, disposal of solid waste and cleaning services in Kuala Lumpur. The method used for solid waste disposal of the whole city of Kuala Lumpur including Kg. Datuk Keramat is through sanitary landfill located in Bukit Tagar, Selangor which is operated by KUB-Berjaya Enviro. Bukit Tagar sanitary landfill capable to accommodate as many as 120 million metric tonnes and can be able to accommodate more than 40 years. Now the lifespan become 24 years left before it ends. To Bukit Tagar Sanitary Landfill
From Kuala Lumpur Figure 4.1.22 : Electric substation at Jalan Bomoh Source: Google 50 km
It is connected by Utara-Selatan Highway through the Bukit Tagar junction specially built by KBE to allow direct and easy access to landfills.
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E. Sewerage System
Each house in Kg. Datuk Keramat has been provided 120L rubbish bin by Alam Flora Sdn. Bhd (Refer to Figure 4.1.23). The provision of rubbish bin can help the residents to throw away their household waste and also can ease the collecting waste services by the contractor. The collecting services schedule is based on the waste produced by the area. For example, Pasar Keramat which is usually will produce many wastes, it will be collected 7 days in a week while in the residential area, it will be collected 2 days in a week.
Sewerage or wastewater system is a system of pipes used to carry rainfall and wastewater away for treatment and disposal. Improper planning of the sewerage system can cause environmental pollution especially water pollution. The findings are covered on the distribution of the sewerage treatment plant includes it catchment areas and identifying the relevant issues and problems related to the sewerage in Kg. Datuk Keramat. Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020 state that there was a sewerage master plan which divides Kuala Lumpur into seven areas, each provided with a regional waste treatment plant. For Kg. Datuk Keramat, it served by Bunus Regional Sewage Treatment Plant. It is located at the northwest of the site. Figure 4.1.23: 120L rubbish bin provided by Alam Flora Sdn. Bhd. Source: Google
D. Drainage and Irrigation The drainage and irrigation system works to bring the amount of surface water and domestic wastewater to safe places such as lakes, ponds, rivers, or seas without affecting other structure such as road condition and soil structure.
Bunus Regional Sewage Treatment Plant is the in Kg. Datuk Keramat is built Bina Puri and is conducted by Indah Water Konsortium (IWK) Sdn. Bhd. They also have responsibility in cleaning, checking, monitoring and maintaining the sewerage system from time to time to keep maintaining a good service management. In Kg. Datuk Keramat, all the houses are receiving the sewage treatment system services.
Design Capacity
Basically, there are two types of drainage system which are major and minor drainage. Major drainage can be referred such as river or monsoon drain while minor drainage for instance half round drainage, roadside drainage and many more. Major drainage in the study area referred to the water bodies in Kg. Datuk Keramat which is Klang river and monsoon drain. The Klang river which flows through Kuala Lumpur and Selangor in Malaysia and eventually flows into the Straits of Malacca. Refer to Plan 4.1.8 which shows the flow of all the drainage. This drainage is an alternative approach to stormwater management that delivers higher levels of protection for receiving waters with neighbourhood street improvements at a lower cost than traditional street and drainage improvements.
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
352,000 PE
• •
It is just behind the Titiwangsa golf course, Set to undergo expansion to cater for the growing population in the northeastern Kuala Lumpur and Ampang-Ulu Klang area (including Kg. Datuk Keramat).
Figure 4.1.24 :Bunus Regional Sewage Treatment Plant Source: Google
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F. Telecommunication
Unifi
A telephone network is a network of users and telephone devices, used to communicate with voice or faxes while internet is a collection of interconnected devices which are spread across the world. Telekom Malaysia is the largest telecommunication company in Malaysia followed by other telecommunication operators which are Celcom, Digi, Maxis, U Mobile and YES.
7.6
Maxis
19.6
Celcom
17.1
DiGi
10.6
U Mobile Unifi
90.7%
Maxis
13.8
Yes
6.8
92.8% Unifi
Celcom
92.9%
DiGi 85.7%
YES
97.9%
Unifi
Maxis
Celcom
DiGi
U Mobile
Celcom
DiGi
U Mobile
Yes
Chart 4.1.6: Download speed experience (Mbps) in Kuala Lumpur 2020 Source: Mobile Network Experience Report September 2020, Opensignal
90.2%
U Mobile
Maxis
Based on the Chart 4.1.6, Maxis (19.6 Mbps) is leading in the download speed followed by Celcom. In fact, a “good” level of download speed is between 12 to 25 Mbps while for the advance service, the download speed is more than 25 Mbps.
YES Unifi
Chart 4.1.5: 4G Availability (percentage) in Kuala Lumpur 2020 Source: Mobile Network Experience Report September 2020, Opensignal
2.2
Maxis
9.1
Celcom
Based on the Chart 4.1.5, Yes telecommunication company provides the highest 4G network services in Kuala Lumpur followed by Celcom and Maxis. All the telecommunication operators have achieved more than 90% except for U Mobile which is 85.7%. What can be analyze here is Kuala Lumpur almost covered by 4G network. Recently, YES 4G was selected as the best 4G LTE network in Malaysia by OpenSignal, a global mobile network data and performance collector. “YES 4G” as the fastest mobile network provider, as well as the best LTE connection in Malaysia. According to OpenSignal data, YES 4G users can connect to 9G network for 97.9% all the time.
10.1
DiGi
6.7
U Mobile Yes
8.2 2.4
Unifi
Maxis
Celcom
DiGi
U Mobile
Yes
Chart 4.1.7: Upload speed experience (Mbps) in Kuala Lumpur 2020 Source: Mobile Network Experience Report September 2020, Opensignal
Based on the Chart 4.1.7, the highest rank for the upload speed service is Celcom(10.1 Mbps) followed by Maxis(9.1 Mbps) while Unifi service is the lowest upload speed in Kuala Lumpur. 4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
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G. Indicator Assessment Table 4.1.20: Assessment compliancy infrastructure and utilities DIMENSION 6 – EFFICIENT INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION THEME IT1 – Utility Efficiency
INSTRUCTION
SCORE
IT1-P1 The volume of daily domestic water usage per capita o ≤ 165 litres / day / person = 3 scores o 166 - 200 litres / day / person = 2 scores o ≥ 201 litres / day / person = 1 score
✓
REMARKS Based on the rate of water usage standard set up by United Nation, each person required to use 165 litres/day. However, according to a research by Md. Azizul (2015), residents in Kuala Lumpur use as much 268 litres per day which is exceed from the actual water usage rate. • Excessive water consumption will cause various water issues. Among the problems that are being faced are the demand for clean treated water is growing ever bigger. Moreover, water shortages may occur more frequently because of climate changes especially when hot weather. Apart from that, water security is also increasingly endangered by the pollution occurring in our rivers which are the main sources of raw water for the country,
•
1/3
(MURNInets)
IT1-P2 Decreasing in disruption of water supply case
•
o ≥ 15% = 3 scores o 10-14% = 2 scores o ≤ 9% = 1 score
Where: A = Number of water supply disruption reports during the year under review B = Number of water supply disruption reports in the year before the study
✓
1/3
IT1– P2 = (B-A) ÷ B × 100 = (4-7) ÷ 4 × 100 = -75%
(MURNInets)
•
The results are lesser than 9% which gives 1 score to this assessment. This is due to the increasing water supply disruptions in this year compare to last year. Most of the cases is because of the pollution in the water supply followed by pipe leakage. Based on the analysis, the time taken to treat water pollution is longer than to repair the pipe leakage. Perhaps it is because the treatment water needs to get through a few of procedures.
IT1-P3 Decreasing in disruption of electric supply case
•
IT1– P3 = (B-A) ÷ B × 100 = (2-1) ÷ 2 × 100 = 50%
o 10-14% = 2 scores o ≤ 9% = 1 scores
Where: A = Number of electricity supply interruption reports during the year under review. B = Number of electricity supply interruption reports in the year before the study.
✓ o ≥ 15% = 3 scores
3/3
(MURNInets)
The results is more than 15% which gives full score to this assessment. Based on the desktop study, electric supply case is not too critical in Kg. Datuk Keramat. The factor of the disruption is because TNB needs to upgrade the substations. It not takes days to repair.
IT1-P4 Broadband coverage rate
✓ o ≥ 70% = 3 scores
o 50% - 69.9% = 2 scores o < 50% = 1 score
3/3
• •
The broadband coverage is 96.9% Expansion of 4G mobile broadband coverage rate from 91.8 per cent to 96.9 per cent in Kuala Lumpur as well as increasing the average speed of mobile broadband from 25Mbps to 35Mbps
(MURNInets) Continue
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DIMENSION 6 – EFFICIENT INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION THEME
INSTRUCTION
IT2 – Waste Management System
SCORE
IT2-P1 Recycling Activities and Services
The 3R’s concept is one of the ways in minimising the amount of solid waste for disposal. The recycling facilities and services is provided in Kg Datuk Keramat (Refer to Figure 4.1.25 ). Based on the virtual fieldwork, most of the non-landed houses is given the recycling bin to encourage the residents to participate in the recycle program. • For the composting services, Alam Flora Sdn. Bhd. who is in charge in Kg Datuk Keramat will bring the recycle waste such as food waste to compost it. The nearest recycling centre for Kg. Datuk Keramat is at Jalan Bunus 6. Recycling centre aims to attract people to participate in recycling activities. •
Provides at least four of the following five criteria:
✓ o Recycling services for residents o Hazardous waste disposal services for ✓
residents o Composting services for residents o Recycling receptacles on every mixed-use or non-residential block o Recycling or salvaging of at least 50% of construction waste
✓
REMARKS
2/3
Scoring: o 4 - 5 achieved = 3 scores o 3 achieved criteria= 2 scores o 1 – 2 achieved criteria = 1 score
✓
Figure 4.1.25: Recycling facilities at Rumah Pangsa Seri Perlis II Source: Google 2020
(LEED) IT3 – Sewerage System
Figure 4.1.26: Recycling facilities at Pangsapuri Bukit Keramat Source: Google 2020
IT3-P1 The percentage of residential gets sewerage services
✓ o ≥ 60% = 3 scores
Since there is no issue obtained about the sewerage system in Kg. Datuk Keramat and its surrounding, thus all the residents might get a better sewerage service. • Moreover, Kg. Datuk Keramat is located near to the Bunus Sewage Treatment Plant which is it might be possible for the residents get the services. •
o 40%-59% = 2 scores o ≤ 39% = 1 score
3/3
(MURNInets) TOTAL
13/18
H. Sub-Sectoral Conclusion Based on the assessment for infrastructure and utilities, overall performance is adequate and efficient service for the residents. However, it will be up to the customer to use it wisely for instance the water supply. This is due to decrease the water demand as Malaysia’s water demand become increasing because of excessive using by customers. For the others infrastructure such as waste management, sewerage, and telecommunication network, all achieve higher results. This indicates that Kg. Datuk Keramat receive a well infrastructure service.
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4.1.6 Institution & Public Facilities Ethnically speaking, Kuala Lumpur is, more than any other cities in Malaysia, it leads by example in the harmonious coexistence of its multiethnic and multi-religious society. Furthermore, as the planning authority for Kuala Lumpur, it is DBKL’s responsibility to ensure that facilities for the community are distributed in a fair and equitable manner so that all areas and sectors of Kuala Lumpur are equally served according to their requirements. In the context of this report, there are a total of 6 components for public facilities; Religious Facilities, Recreational & Sport Facilities, Safety and Security Educational Facilities, Cemetery and Community Facilities. A. Religious Facilities
Recreational and sports facilities are one of the essential components of the facility to utilize and meet the social and leisure needs of the local community in Kampung Datuk Keramat. By providing these facilities the community can benefit and lead a healthy lifestyle. There is only one unit of the recreational and sport facilities in the site of Kg Datuk Keramat. Table 4.1.22: Recreational and sport facilities TYPE OF FACILITIES
NAME
Sports Complex
Religious facilities include all respective worship places for the respective religions, and it is important to the community because the function of it as to provide space for spiritual care, individual meditation, religious education and few other important life events such as weddings and memorial services. In Kg. Datuk Keramat, there are only religious facilities for Muslim population which are mosque and surau and make a total of 4 units. Table 4.1.21: Religious facilities TYPE OF FACILITIES
B. Recreational & Sport Facilities
NAME
TOTAL
Mosques
Al-Aqram Mosque
1
Surau
Al-Madrasatul Ittifaqiyah
4
Datuk Keramat Sports Complex
1 Source: Virtual Fieldwork
C. Educational Facilities The provision of education facilities is one of the essential in any community. This is because education is important in our daily life; hence these facilities are so essential to be delivered to the population. In Kg. Datuk Keramat, there are only primary schools found which totaling up to 2. Table 4.1.23:Educational facilities TYPE OF FACILITIES Primary School
Surau Al-Islah
TOTAL
NAME
TOTAL
Sekolah Kebangsaan Datuk Keramat 1 & 2
2
Sekolah Rendah Agama Al-Alusi
Surau Al-Ansar Surau Al-Ikhlasiah
Source: Virtual Fieldwork 2020 Source: Virtual Fieldwork
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D. Community Facilities Community facilities such as public hall is a vital need for the community as a public meeting place for social, political, education and recreational facilities. There are total of 3 community facilities in our site which are: Table 4.1.24: Community facilities TYPE OF FACILITIES Community Centre/Public Hall
NAME
TOTAL
Al-Madrasatul Ittifaqiyah
1
Persatuan Warisan Bawean PGM Kuala Lumpur
2
Dewan UMNO Kg. Datuk Keramat Source: Virtual Fieldwork
E. Safety and Security Facilities The provision of safety and security facilities are based on population according to the PLANMalaysia Planning Standard and Guideline. Police station plays an important role in public safety to maintain or improve the safety level of the district. As for the case of Kg. Datuk Keramat, there is only 1 unit of police station which located in the neighbourhood or to be precise in the Zone A which is the Balai Polis Datuk Keramat Police Station. Table 4.1.25: Safety and security facilities TYPE OF FACILITIES Police Station
NAME Datuk Keramat Police Station
TOTAL 1 Source: Virtual Fieldwork
F. Cemetery The provision of cemetery is also important in the neighbourhood. They are only 1 Muslim cemetery area in Kampung Datuk Keramat which is Tanah Perkuburan Islam Kampung Datuk Keramat and it is located in Lorong Keramat Dalam 9.
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Figure 4.1.27: Total number of institution and public facilities Source: Virtual Fieldwork 2020
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G. Guideline Compliance The selected guideline to be referred is the PlanMalaysia Planning Standard and Gudelinee because the specific guideline for Kuala Lumpur is not available for this sector. Table 4.1.26: Guideline assessment for institution and public facilities in Kg. Datuk Keramat ELEMENTS Educational Facilities
Religious Facilities
Safety and Security Facilities Community Facilities Recreational and Sports Facilities
EXISTING GUIDELINE
EXISTING CONDITION
COMPLIANCE
Primary School
• •
1 : 3,000 - 7,500 population 500m walking distance
• •
2 : 5,967 population Within 500m walking distance
/
Mosque
• •
1 : 20,000 population Minimum lot size 3 acre
• •
1 : 5,967 population Lot size: 1.8 acre
/
Surau
• •
1 : 2,500 population 1 : 500 housing unit
• •
4 : 5,967 population 4 : 1,175 housing units
/
Police Station
•
1 : 1,500 population
•
1 : 5,967 population
x
Community centre/Public hall
• •
1 : 3,000 – 10,000 population Walking distance of 800m
• •
3 : 5,967 population Within 800m walking distance
/
Sports complex
• •
1 : 3,000 – 10,000 population Walking distance of 800m
• •
1 : 5,967 population Within 800m walking distance
/
Source: PlanMalaysia Planning Standard and Guideline
The space is intentionally left blank
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H. Indicator Assessment Table 4.1.27: Indicator Assessment Institution and Public Facilities DIMENSION 5 – UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC FACILITIES THEME
INSTRUCTION
PF1 – HEALTHY COMMUNITIES
SCORE
PF1-P1 Public and recreational facilities
REMARKS •
Provision of access to the community in the form of radius / circle from community facilities to residence:
Based on Figure 4.1.28, it can be seen that the Al-Iqram mosque has a catchment area so wide it can cover almost the entire Kg. Datuk Keramat with a radius of 500m. This proves that the community facilities in Kg. Datuk Keramat can be easily accessed by the people due to the proximity from residential area, thus earn it a full 3 scores.
✓ o Within 500m = 3 scores
o Within 1000m = 2 scores o Within 1500m = 1 score (LEEDS)
3/3
Figure 4.1.28: Catchment area for Al-Iqram mosque and Sekolah Kebangsaan Datuk Keramat 1 & 2 Continue
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DIMENSION 5 – UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC FACILITIES THEME
INSTRUCTION
PF2 – Public Facilities Location And Design
SCORE
PF2-P1 Transit oriented locations
REMARKS •
Located on a site that is within walking distance from public facilities to area of high levels of transit service:
Most of the major public facilities such as schools, mosque and sports complex are located in a close proximity(within 500m walking distance) to the public transit service, namely LRT stations. This eases the accessibility of the public facilities to the people. Thus, this earns it a full 3 scores.
o Within 500m = 3 scores ✓
o Within 1000m = 2 scores o Within 1500m = 1 score (LEEDS)
3/3
Figure 4.1.29: The distance between Sekolah Kebangsaan Datuk Keramat 1 & 2 and Datuk Keramat LRT Station Source: Google Map PF2-P2 School location and access Located within walking distance to a school from residential area (500m for elementary and middle schools; 1000m for high schools) Primary & Secondary School: o Within 500m = 3 scores o Within 1000m = 2 scores o Within 1500m = 1 score
✓
3/3
•
Both the primary schools in Kg. Datuk Keramat are situated at the very corner of residential area, thus making it accessible within a walking distance of 500m from residential area to the schools. Hence, it is worth 3 scores for fulfilling all the criteria.
(LEEDS) Continue
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DIMENSION 5 – UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC FACILITIES THEME
INSTRUCTION
SCORE
PF2-P2 Universal design
REMARKS •
For non-residential area, universal accessibility for people of diverse abilities along 100% of public rights-of-way = 3 score (LEEDS)
The virtual fieldwork that has been conducted has shown that the accessibility to public facilities in Kg. Datuk Keramat was designed without considering the needs of disable community. Based on Figure 4.x, it can be seen in the design of pedestrian walkway that connects for example, residential area to public facilities such as schools and mosque. The pedestrian walkway is not equipped with tactile paving which is essential for people with diverse abilities. Therefore, there is no score given for this part.
0/3
Figure 4.1.30: The design of pedestrian walkway that was not designed for universal access TOTAL
9/12
I. Sub-sectoral Conclusion In conclusion, all the existing public facilities in Kg. Datuk Keramat serves its purposes well enough for the people. However, there are some doubts on whether it is okay for not having certain types of facilities such as hospital, clinics, fire station, public library and secondary schools in Kg. Datuk Keramat to ensure the residents can have a full access to all ranges of services and facilities without having to depend on surrounding neighbourhoods. In addition, the accessibility to the public facilities in Kg. Datuk Keramat definitely has to be improved by adapting a universal design such as having tactile paving equipped on the pedestrian walkways so that it can serve all kind of community with diverse abilities to ensure that no one is left behind and inclusivity is present in the neighbourhood.
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D. Indicator Assessment Table 4.1.31: Indicator Assessment Open Space DIMENSION 5 – UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC FACILITIES THEME
INSTRUCTION
PF3 - Public Park Development
SCORE
REMARKS
PF3 – P1 Parks and Recreation
•
This scoring assessment will be observed by the distance of the open space and recreations area to the residential area and which will be divided into three categories:
•
✓ o Within 500m = 3 scores
•
o Within 1000m = 2 scores o Within 1500m = 1 score
3/3
Public park means an area or portion of an area dedicated or designated by any federal, state, or local agency primarily for public recreational use, whether or not such use is limited to certain times or days, including any land leased, reserved, or held open to the public because of that use. The locations of the public park also should not be far more than any walking distance for the neighborhood which are 800m. This indicator will measure the nearest public park for the people of Kampung Datuk Keramat. Based on the study made, there are three open spaces area that are in range of 500m to 800m from the residential area. Figure 4.1.31 shows the catchment for the open space and recreation area site study area.
N.T.S 800-meter radius 500-meter radius Site Study Area Location for the Open Space and Recreation
Figure 4.1.34: Catchment area for Open Space and Recreation Source: Iplan 2019 (LEED)
Continue
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DIMENSION 5 – ADEQUNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC FACILITIES THEME
INSTRUCTION
PF3 - Public Park Development
SCORE
REMARKS As an area that will be use by any age groups for the neighborhood, the public park should be maintains by the local authority or any parties that had been appointed for the maintenances of the area. The public park should be maintained at least more than 90% of the whole conditions. If it is not be well maintains, it can cause harms to the people in Kampung Datuk Keramat especially. • For this indicator, researcher use the questionnaire survey answer for the maintenance of the open space and recreation at the site study area. • Based on the survey, its show that majority of the respondents (43.33%) are on average level of satisfaction for the maintaining parts where the one who responsible for that is the local authority that are in charge for that. Researcher can conclude that the open space and recreations area are partially maintained.
PF3 – P2 Public Park Maintenance
•
This scoring of assessment will be determined by the total percentage of the public parks is being maintain for the public uses. Due to the lack of data, the percentage of maintain will be using the survey from the questionnaire given to the people in Kampung Datuk Keramat. Those scoring will be divided into three categories: o More than 100% of parks been maintained = 3 scores o 95% to 99% of parks been maintained = 2 scores o Less than 94% of parks been maintained = 1 score
✓
6.67% 6.67% 2/3
16.67%
1 2
26.67%
3 4 5 43.33%
Chart 4.1.12: Respondent opinions on is the Open Space and Recreations in Kg. Datuk Keramat are well maintained or not Source: Questionnaire Survey 2020
(MURNINets) TOTAL
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5/6
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4.1.7 Open Space & Recreation Open space is really such an important sector to be built for each project to preserve the livability of a specific region, not just to ensure that the neighbourhood population stays safe. Two ( 2) forms of open spaces exist:
Figure 4.1.31: Example of Active Recreation Source: Google Active recreation is leisure time physical activity undertaken outside of structured, competition sport. It is a set of activities within the wider range of physical activity options that also include active living, active transport and sport.
Figure 4.1.32: Example of Passive Recreation Source: Google Passive recreation means activities undertaken by any person for enjoyment in their own free time, and which are not based on formal competition or organized administration. Traditionally these activities have centered on such activities as informal play, picnic and social activities, swimming, walking, jogging and the like.
Based on Town and Country Planning Act 1976 (Act 172), open space are any enclosed spaces or non-enclosed spaces that are designed or gazette to be designated or part of it as public garden, public parks, sports fields and public recreation, public strolling area, or as a public area. Thus, these open spaces are usually used by the people during their leisure time for recreation or to spend time with their families and also a placed that people can use to release their stress. Furthermore, according to PLAN Malaysia, open space can be divided into several categories depends on the number of thresholds it caters and the size of the open space itself. Refer to Table 4.1.28 for the hierarchy of the open space. Table 4.1.28: Hierarchy of Open Space HIERARCHY Neighbour hood Park
AREA (ACRE)
POPULATION CATCHMENT SIZE
5.0
12,000 - 50,000
Recreational area which caters a number of residential neighborhoods for recreational, sports and social activities.
1.5
1,000 – 3,000
Recreation area which caters to three sub neighbourhood for an active recreation and sport activities for the use of children, teenagers and adults.
0.5
300 – 1,000
Active recreation area in a particular sub neighbourhood to cater for children’s age of primary school
Playground
Playlots
FUNCTION
Source: PLAN Malaysia
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A. Existing Condition In Kampung Datuk Keramat there are 3 types of open spaces and recreation based on the land use stated in Iplan website which are park, sport complex and green area. There are approximately only 3.84% of the total land use equals to 10.55 acres out of 275 acres. In addition, the hierarchy of the parks stated in PLAN Malaysia for the site study area is Neighborhood park based on table 4.1.29. Below are the hierarchy, type and size of open space that occur in the site study area. Table 4.1.29: Hierarchy of existing Open Space and Recreation HIERARCHY
TYPE OF OPEN SPACE
SIZE (ACRE)
Neighborhood Park
Active and Passive
10.50
Playground
Active
0.36
Playlot
Active
0.15 Source: Plan Malaysia
There are also nearby playlot that are nearby with the site study area but then still accessible and in walking distance for the neighborhood. This playlots main focus is for children with the size of 0.15 acre. Guidelines from PlanMalaysia stated that playlots with this size can hold up to 300 – 1000 of populations catchment.
Neighborhood park that can be found in Kampung Datuk Keramat is the Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat. With size of 10.50 acre, it is considered as active and passive open space due to the activity that the visitors can do there. It is consisting of open space area and water bodies that had been build with the park. In addition, this park is very suitable and meets the needs of all groups whether elderly, young and children, including people with disabilities 'OKU'.
N.T.S
Next, Kampung Datuk Keramat also have their own playground that are located in the middle of the neighborhood. This playground is considered as active open space with the size of 0.36 acre. Guidelines from Planmalaysia stated that playground with this size can hold up to 300 – 1000 of populations catchment.
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
800-meter radius 500-meter radius Site Study Area
Figure 4.1.33: Catchment area for Open Space and Recreation Source: Iplan 2019
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B. Population Satisfaction on Open Space and Recreation
3. Well-functioning infrastructure facilities & services
Apart from virtual site visits, the researcher also had distributed questionnaire to the people at Kampung Datuk Keramat via google form. There are 30 respondents, and it is used to identify people satisfactions for the current conditions of open spaces and recreations in the study area in which a total of 4 questions for such matter. All of these questions are to check the satisfaction level of the people at the study site area from 1 (very unsatisfied) up to 5 (very satisfied).
Chart 4.1.10 show majority of the respondents (53.33%) are on average level of satisfaction for the maintaining parts where the one who responsible for that is the local authority that are in charge for that. Researcher can conclude that the open space and recreations area are partially maintained.
1. The number of open space and recreation provided is sufficient to accommodate the number of residents around Kg. Datuk Keramat. Chart 4.1.8 show majority of the respondents (53.33%) are on average level of satisfaction for the number of open space and recreation provide for them due to the numbers of open spaces and recreations provided are only 2 in the site study area.
0
3.33%
6.67% 1 2
23.33 %
3 53.33 %
4 5
Chart 4.1.10: Respondent opinions on the functionality of Open Space and Recreations Source: Questionnaire Survey 2020
1
20.00%
23.33%
2
4. Open space and well-maintained recreation area by local authorities.
3 4
53.33%
5 Chart 4.1.8: Respondent opinions on Open Space and Recreations provision Source: Questionnaire Survey 2020
2. Accessibility via various alternative transit modes (bus, train, walking, bicycle) Chart 4.1.9 show majority of the respondents (53.33%) are on average level of satisfaction for the accessibility to the open space and recreation area especially by walking or cycling there. Usually, they have to use public transport or their own private vehicle (cars or motorcycle) to go there.
6.67% 3.33%
13.33%
0
10.00% 1 2
6.67% 6.67% 1 26.67 %
16.67 % 43.33 %
2 3 4 5
Chart 4.1.11: Respondent opinions on maintenance of Open Space and Recreations Source: Questionnaire Survey 2020
3
23.33% 53.33%
4 5
Chart 4.1.9: Respondent opinions on the accessibilities to the Open Space and Recreation Source: Questionnaire Survey 2020
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Chart 4.1.11 show majority of the respondents (43.33%) are on average level of satisfaction for the maintaining parts where the one who responsible for that is the local authority that are in charge for that. Researcher can conclude that the open space and recreations area are partially maintained.
Conclusion that can be made from the answer by the respondent to the questionnaire given is that most of the respondent are on average level of satisfaction with the open space and recreations area in the site study area that have been provided by the local authority.
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C. Guideline Compliance Table 4.1.30: Guideline Assessment for Open Space and Recreation
ELEMENT Neighborhood Park
EXISTING GUIDELINES Town and Country Standard and Guideline:
EXISTING CONDITION
COMPLIANCE
Planning
• 10.50 acre • 1 neighborhood park in the site study area.
The development of Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat is complied with the existing guidelines with the size of 10.50 acre for 5,967 populations.
Planning
• 0.36 acre • 1 playground area in the site study area
The development of playground at the site study area is not comply with the standard guidelines due to it is not enough for the number of populations (5,967) with only 0.36 acre.
Planning
• 0.15 acre • 1 play lot area nearby to the site study area (within 500 m walking distance)
The development of play lot that is nearby to the site study area is not comply with the guidelines due to the size of it only 0.15 acre to serve for more than 5000 populations.
• 5 acres • 3,000 – 12,000 people Playground
Town and Country Standard and Guideline: • 1.5 acre • 1000 – 3000 people
Play Lot
Town and Country Standard and Guideline: • 0.5 acre • 300 – 1000 people
Source: Plan Malaysia
The space is intentionally left blank
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Table 4.1.32: Indicator Assessment Open Space DIMENSION 2 – OPTIMAL LAND USE THEME
INSTRUCTION
LU2 Urbanization Development
SCORE
REMARKS
LU2 – P2 Public Open Space Provision The scoring for this assessment will be study by calculate for every 1000 people, how many hectares of open space will be provided. Those scoring will be in three categories: o More than 2 hectares for 1000 people = 3 scores o 1.5 to 1.9 hectare for 1000 people = 2 scores o Less than 1.4 hectare for 1000 people = 1 score
Public open space is measured in accordance with the decision of the 5th MPFN meeting on 6 October 2005 which aims to provide 2 hectares of public open space for every 1,000 residents towards achieving developed country status by 2020. This criterion also important to check whether Kampung Datuk Keramat still maintain their traditional village identities. • = (1000 ÷ B) x A •
1/3
✓
Where, A = Area (hectares) of public open space during the year under review B = Population in the year of study • = (1000 ÷ 5,967) x 4.46 • 0.75 hectare
(MURNINets) TOTAL
1/3
E. Sub – Sectoral Conclusion Summary that can be made from Open Space and Recreation part is that the provision of open space in Kampung Datuk Keramat is not enough with the current populations. Even though the Neighborhood park already sufficient enough for the population there, but the distance of it far from the residential area especially on the west part of the neighborhood which are more than 800 meters. It can be proved by the questionnaire survey answer from the people of the site study area where majority of them are on the average level of satisfaction for the number of open spaces provided. The playground and playlot that are nearby to the neighborhood also are not enough for the population catchment based on the PlanMalaysia guidelines.
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4.2
DEMOGRAPHIC & SOCIAL STUDY Social study is generally the study of population and sociodemographic profile of the area. It is an important factor to be examined and analyzed to audit the level of service currently provided and the demand and supply gap in between.
4.1. Land Use
In this chapter, the component that will be analyzed consist of the community perception based on the questionnaire, population density and the population projection in Kampung Datuk Keramat. All these components will determine the community need assessment and determine the development of the community itself. Aim: To study the population and sociodemographic profile in Taman Sri Gombak, Gombak District and the neighboring region and its relationship with the existing service provision Objectives: 1. To identify the composition of the demographic profile of the population in Kampung Datuk Keramat. 2. To estimate the future population growth trend.
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4.2.1 COMMUNITY PERCEPTION In order to achieve the study and understanding of the social aspects of the community in Kampung Datuk Keramat, a social study has been conducted by doing a set of structured questionnaire survey. Total of 30 respondents had been involved in answering the questionnaire survey and some issues and problems has also been identified in Kampung Datuk Keramat. The study has been carried out in order to understand public perception on living environment in Kampung Datuk Keramat. Figure 4.2.1 shows the profile of the respondents that involve in the survey. The conduciveness of the area of Kampung Datuk Keramat is measured by using these elements which are:
Facilities and Amenities
Safety
Liveability
Walkability
Figure 4.2.1: Respondent’s profile Source: Questionnaire survey 2020
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Facilities and Amenities Based on the survey, the respondent are required to give their perception on the adequacy of the public facilities and the amenities in Kampung Datuk Keramat such as the hospital, school, police station, telecommunication service, internet, water supply and also electric supply. 16 out of the 30 respondents (53.3%) argue that the public facilities that has been provided in Kampung Datuk Keramat is inadequate and inefficient while another 14 respondents (46.7%) stated otherwise. This might because of the facilities provided are not sufficient and located far away from their residents. Chart 4.2.1 shows the result on the respondents' satisfaction on the facilities and amenities in Kampung Datuk Keramat.
Facilities and Amenities
46.70% 53.30%
No
Yes
Chart 4.2.1: Facilities and Amenities Satisfaction. Source: Online Survey, 2020
For the safety in Kampung Datuk Keramat, 43.3% of the respondents agreed that the area is safe both during the daylight but not at night. Another 43.3% on the other hand stated that it is completely safe both day and night while the 6.7% disagreed by stating that it is not safe both day nor night time. most of the issues that has been highlighted are lack of street lamp at certain road making it dangerous to walk at night and also there are crime case such as theft and bag snatcher.
The livability of Kampung Datuk Keramat is measured on their awareness on the activities that is being held for the communities. This shows how much interactions that the communities have made together. Based on the questionnaire survey, 63.3% of the respondents stated there are no community activities being held while the other 36.7% stated otherwise. This may be due to the lack of information being spread among the communities. The only activity that the community is aware of is the communal work.
36.70% 63.30%
Yes
6.70%
43.30%
50%
Safe during daylight only Safe during both daylight and night time Does not safe both daylight and night time
The walkability of the people in Kampung Datuk Keramat is measured through the mode of transport that they use to commute between one place to another and the reason on the usage of transportation indicates the factor of walkability in this neighborhood. According to the survey, 73.3% of the respondents used their own vehicles to commute, 13.3% by public transportation, 6.7% by E-hailing or taxi and 6.7% by walking. This due to the reason of the pedestrian walkway that is not safe and not disabled friendly. Hence, the using their own vehicles are much easier and more convenient.
No
Chart 4.2.3: Awareness On The Community Activities Source: Online Survey, 2020
Walkability
Walkability Safety
Safety
Liveability
Livability
6.70%
6.70%
13.30% 73.30%
Own vehicles Public transportation E-hailing/taxi Walking Chart 4.2.4: Mode of transportation Source: Online Survey, 2020
Chart 4.2.2: Safety Perception Source: Online Survey, 2020
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4.2.2 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE According to the virtual observation, in the year 2010, the total number of houses in Kampung Datuk Keramat is 1,553 units. From the population of 5,967, we estimate the estimated average household size for Kampung Datuk Keramat. The estimated household size calculated is 3.84 people for the area. figure 4.2.2 shows the calculation for estimated average household size in Kampung Datuk Keramat.
From the average household size of Kampung Datuk Keramat in 2010, we can estimate the current total population of the site area . The current existing total number of housing unit is 971 housing units. Therefore, the estimated current population is 17,042 people. Figure 4.2.3 shows the calculation for the estimation of total population of Kg. Datuk Keramat.
Figure 4.2.2: Estimated average household size of Kampung Datuk Keramat Figure 4.2.3: Estimated total population of Kampung Datuk Keramat
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4.2.3 POPULATION PROJECTION Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan estimated that the population of Kuala Lumpur will have growth rate of 2.2% from the year 2000 to 2020. table 4.2.1 shows the population target information. Table 4.2.1: The population target information of Kuala Lumpur SOCIOECONOMIC PARAMETER Population
2000
2020
AVERAGE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (%) 2000- 2020
1,423,990
2,198,400
2.2
Source: Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020
By using the same average annual growth rate, the total population projection of Kampung Datuk Keramat in 2040 will be 10,806. Chart 4.2.5 shows the population projection of Kampung Datuk Keramat in 2040.
The population projection is calculated from year 2010 to 2040 by using the average annual growth rate from the Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020. The population will continuously increase from 5,967 in 2010 to 10,806 in 2040 which indicates a total addition of 4,839 people. The survival rate and fertility rate are assumed constant in this method.
2040
Population Projection
10,806 2030
8,864
12000 10000 8000
2020
6000
7,273
4000 2000 0 2010
2020
2030
2040
Chart 4.2.5 : Population projections of Kampung Datuk Keramat from 2010 until 2040 Source: KLSP2020
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2010
5,967 Figure 4.2.4 : Population projections Source: KLSP2020
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4.3
TRANSPORTATION & TRAFFIC STUDY The transportation and traffic study focuses on analyzing the current condition of transportation system, traffic management, road network including the accessibility and intra-connectivity within Kg. Datuk Keramat and inter-connectivity with outer regions, as well as the available parking management, hence, any issues and problems regarding to the stated matters can be identified. More importantly, this study considers the compliancy of the current performance of each aspects of the study with the planning guidelines and standards provisions as well as with the assessment indicator tools. Aim: To analyze the existing transportation network and traffic management in terms of connectivity and accessibility as well as the parking management in Kampung Datuk Keramat. Objectives: 1. To identify the current condition of the transportation system. 2. To study the traffic management and the accessibility and connectivity of road network. 3. To analyze the adequacy of the existing parking management. 4. To identify the compliancy of the existing performance with the guideline provision and the assessment with indicator tools
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4.3.1 ROAD NETWORK The analysis of road network considers 2 categories of network, namely, intra-regional and inter-regional connectivity. The two categories are analyzed by identifying the road hierarchical functions of the road networks. Furthermore, analysis on road geometry is also conducted to identify the efficiency of the road design in delivering its function as a network in terms of.
Table 4.3.1: Road Hierarchy HIERARCHY
ROAD NAME
NETWORK
Highway
Ampang-Kuala Lumpur Elevated Highway (AKLEH)
State Network
Highway is the second major road after expressway which connects the townships within state
Arterial Road
Jln. Jelatek (Out of site)
State Network
Arterial road connects the highway to collector road. It also links to city center.
Primary Collector Road
Jln. Keramat Dalam
District Network
The primary collector road serves to connect between residential units with the facilities provided. It connects to the arterial road located outside the residential area.
District Network
The small collector road is an intermediate road that connects the main collector road with the local road (home service road)
Road Support
The local road is the service road for each residential unit.
Road Support
It also serves as a local road for each residential unit.
A. Road Hierarchy And Intra-Regional Connectivity The road networks can be categorized into different hierarchy according to their functions. Refer to Table 4.3.1 and Plan 4.3.1, Kg. Datuk Keramat mostly consist of residential areas, hence, the road networks available in the study area are under the category of collector road which functions to connect between residential units and other land uses in the neighborhood as well as local road which is the service road for each residential units. Meanwhile, the highway available which is AKLEH, with the roadway only passes through the study area but it is still accessible from Jalan Jelatek through Jln. Datuk Keramat. Thereof, in terms of intra-regional connectivity, the analysis is conducted by identifying the pattern of the road networks within the study area according to the hierarchical function categories. Thus, it is identified that the study area is intra-connected by primary and small collector roads as the district networks, and local road including cul-desac as the road supports. Primary collector road such as Jln. Datuk Keramat and Jln. Keramat serve a connectivity of the study area with arterial road which is Jln. Jelatek that spans to the surrounding developments. Meanwhile, small collector road is considered as an intermediate road that serves to connects the primary collector road with the local road (including culde-sac). For instance, Jalan Keramat, connects Jln. Datuk Keramat as the primary collector road with the series of Lorong Kiri as the cul-desac. Another example is Jln. Keramat Hujung as the small collector road provides connectivity between Jln. Keramat Dalam as the primary collector road with local roads such as Jln. Sudang, Jln. Pawang, Jln. Nujum, and Jln. Bumoh at the northern side of the study area.
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FUNCTION
Jln. Datuk Keramat Jln. Persiaran Gurney Jln. Padang Tembak
Small Collector Road
Jln. Keramat Jln Keramat Hujung Jln. Bukit Keramat
Local Road
Jln. Sudang Jln. Pawang Jln. Bumoh Jln. Nujum Cangkat Keramat Hujung Persiaran Keramat Hujung
Cul-de-Sac
Lorong Keramat 1-22 Lorong Keramat Hujung 1-4 Lorong Kiri 1 -19
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
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B. Inter-Regional Connectivity Identifying the inter-regional connectivity is important to ensure the study area, Kg. Datuk Keramat, is well connected with road networks to its surrounding as well as to other regions. In Kg. Datuk Keramat, there are 2 roadways of different hierarchy that serves the study area a connectivity with outer region. Firstly, Ampang Kuala Lumpur Elevated Highway (AKLEH) is an intra-urban highway (Kuala Lumpur) developed as a solution to the traffic congestion along Jalan Ampang. It extends for 7.9 km length from Jalan Sultan Ismail in the KL city center to Taman Ampang Utama in Ampang. The highways are a 3-lane carriageway from Jalan Sultan Ismail to Jalan Lingkaran Tengah and 2 lanes from thereof to Jalan Ampang. The highway has been successful to cater the needs of urban drivers commuting to and from work. Furthermore, there is a total of 7 interchanges, which interchange that is accessible from Kg. Datuk Keramat, is Jalan Jelatek interchange (Exit 1203). Refer to Figure 4.3.1 it shows that Kg. Datuk Keramat is well served with road networks that provide connectivity to the city center of Kuala Lumpur and Ampang Utama. Moreover, Jalan Jelatek as an arterial road spans from Jalan Ampang to Wangsa Maju which is accessible to Kg. Datuk Keramat through the junctions of Jalan Datuk Keramat. This roadway provides connectivity of the study area which not only limited to Ampang and Wangsa Majus, but the road also links to Taman Keramat in Selangor. Therefore, it is concluded that the study area is well-served with road networks which provide accessibility and connectivity to the surrounding development and other regions such as the Kuala Lumpur city center, Ampang area, Taman Keramat and Wangsa Maju.
Kampung Datuk Keramat
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Figure 4.3.1: AKLEV Connectivity Source: Prolintas.com.my
It provides connectivity to Ampang through Jalan Ampang and to Wangsa Maju through Jalan 2/27A Figure 4.3.2: Jalan Jelatek connectivity Source: Mapquest
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C. Road Geometric
Table 4.3.2: Road Geometric
The analysis is conducted by identifying the cross-sectional design of the road in terms of the road width. This analysis is only limited to the road network available within the study area with the hierarchical function as a primary collector road, small collector road, and local road as well as cul-desac. However, due to the limitation in obtaining the data, the analysis is made based on the measurement using the web-mapping through desktop study, thus, the number obtained is not précised. First of all, It is worth noting that the study area, Kg. Datuk Keramat is an older urban traditional village which the development started since the early settlement of this area. Therefore, the area has its unique condition in terms of the roadways. Refer to Table 4.3.2, it can be noticed that the width of the roadways is not consistent or do not have the standard size according to each hierarchical category. For instance, along Jln. Persiaran Gurney as a primary collector road, there is a part of the road which has 13 m width that is situated near at the junction, while the other parts of the road thereof have the width only 7 m (Figure 4.3.3). This condition of bigger road width at the junction is to accommodate more volume and to reduce the traffic congestion. However, the expansion of the road width along the other road extensions might not be possible due to the unavailability of enough space and the close proximity of the roadway to the walkway and/or to the adjacent buildings. Moreover, for the local road, the smallest width is at 4.5 m, meanwhile for cul-de-sac is at 3.4 m. Therefore, it can be concluded that Kg. Datuk Keramat as an urban village neighborhood still shows the typical narrow road condition of a village, hence, due to the unavailability of more space, road expansion is not possible.
HIERARCHY Primary Collector Road
Small Collector Road
Road width differences along Jalan Persiaran Gurney
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7m Figure 4.3.3: Road Cross Section Source: Google Image
EXISTING WIDTH
Jln. Keramat Dalam
7.5 m
Jln. Datuk Keramat
7m
Jln. Persiaran Gurney
13 m
Jln. Padang Tembak
7.3 m
Jln. Keramat
13 m
12 m 7m
10 m 7.5 m Jln Keramat Hujung
7.5 m
Jln. Bukit Keramat
12 m 8.5 m
Local Road
Jln. Sudang
7.3 m 13 m
Cul-de-Sac
13 m
ROAD NAME
Jln. Pawang
6.5 m
Jln. Bumoh
4.5 m
Jln. Nujum
4.5 m
Cangkat Keramat Hujung
5.5 m
Persiaran Keramat Hujung
5.6 m
Lorong Keramat 1-22
4m–7m
Lorong Keramat Hujung 1-4
3.7 m – 4.6 m
Lorong Kiri 1 -19
3.4 m – 5.6 m
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
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4.3.2 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT Traffic management is a combination of measures that control the traffic capacity and ensure the security, safety and reliability of the overall road transport system. Traffic management measures included in this section are traffic circulation, road intersection, traffic volume and capacity, traffic calming measure and road facilities. A. Traffic Circulation Refer to Table 4.3.3. Generally, the traffic circulation in most of the roadways in Kg. Datuk Keramat are 2 ways circulation. As most of the roadways are categorized as local roads which mainly serve for residential area, thus, most of the roadways are 2 lanes to cater the 2 ways traffic circulation. However, only Jalan Keramat Dalam has the oneway circulation as this roadway serves for multiple land uses of busy activities such as the commercial area of Pasar Keramat as well as the school and park areas. Furthermore, it is identified that a traffic circulation regulation based on hourly period is implemented along Jln. Datuk Keramat (from pasar keramat area on the east to mini UTC) which this certain route is for one-way circulation from 6:00 AM to 9:30 AM but the time thereof, it is for 2 ways circulation. This management is implemented to minimize the traffic congestion in the morning resulted from the busy morning activity of the Pasar Keramat as well as the school area (Refer to Figure 4.3.4 and Plan 4.3.2).
Table 4.3.3: Traffic Circulation CATEGORY
Figure 4.3.4: Traffic Management at Jln. Datuk Keramat Source: Virtual Fieldwork
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WIDTH
TRAFFIC CIRCULATION CARRIAGEWAY
Primary Collector Road
DIRECTION
Jln. Keramat Dalam
7.5 m
2 lanes
One way
Jln. Datuk Keramat
7m
2 lanes
One way (6:00 AM – 9:30 AM) 2 ways
12 m
4 lanes
13 m
4 lanes
12 m
3 lanes
7m
2 lanes
Jln. Padang Tembak
7.3 m
2 lanes
Jln. Keramat
13 m
4 lanes
10 m
2 lanes
7.5 m
2 lanes
Jln Keramat Hujung
7.5 m
2 lanes
2 ways
Jln. Bukit Keramat
12 m
3 lanes
2 ways
8.5 m
2 lanes
7.3 m
2 lanes
13 m
3 lanes
Jln. Pawang
6.5 m
2 lanes
Jln. Bumoh
4.5 m
2 lanes
Jln. Nujum
4.5 m
2 lanes
Cangkat Keramat Hujung
5.5 m
2 lanes
Persiaran Keramat Hujung
5.6 m
2 lanes
Jln. Persiaran Gurney
Secondary Collector Road
Local Road
The traffic circulation management implemented in Jln. Datuk Keramat by regulating the circulation in the morning which the highlighter road becomes one way from Jalan Jelatek Direction to reduce the traffic congestion due to the morning busy activity of Pasar Datuk Keramat
ROAD NAME
Jln. Sudang
2 ways 2 ways 2 ways
2 ways
2 ways 2 ways
2 ways
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
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B. Road Intersection Road intersection is a junction where two or more roadways or street cross at the same level. The analysis of road intersection is based on the category and the types of traffic management implemented. In Kg. Datuk Keramat, it is identified that there are 2 categories of intersection which are 3-way intersections (T-junction) and 4-way intersections (Refer to Table 4.3.4 for the list of intersections based on category and types). Furthermore, according to the types of traffic control implemented at the intersections, there are 2 types identified, namely; signalized intersection and unsignalized intersection. Signalized intersection available in the study area is the common use of traffic light, there are 2 of T-Junction and 2 of 4-ways intersections that have traffic light as the traffic control. Meanwhile, the identified unsignalized intersections is the implementation of lane design as the traffic control at most of the intersections in the study area. This traffic control system is the make use of physical design to regulate the traffic at the intersections, the common types of lane design identified in the study area is the box junctions which generally prohibit the road users to entry to the intersection unless the exit is clear (refer to Figure 4.3.5).
Figure 4.3.5: Combination Technique The use of 2 traffic control techniques at TSource: Google map junction of Jln. Datuk Keramat – Jln. Keramat which are the traffic light and the lane design
Table 4.3.4: Road Intersection CATEGORY
ROAD NAME
TYPES TRAFFIC LIGHT
T-Junction
Jln. Keramat Dalam – Jalan Jelatek
/
Jln. Datuk Keramat – Jln. Jelatek Jln. Keramat Dalam – Jln. Keramat Hujung
4 Way Intersection
LANE DESIGN /
x
x
Jln. Keramat – Jln. Keramat Dalam
/
Jln. Datuk Keramat – Jln. Keramat Dalam
/
Jln. Datuk Keramat – Jln. Keramat
/
/
Jln. Persiaran Gurney – Jln. Keramat
x
/
Jln. Sudang – Jln. Bukit Keramat
/
Jln. Keramat –Jln. Bukit Keramat
/
Jln Persaiaran Gurney – Jln. Datuk Keramat
/
/
Figure 4.3.6: Combination Technique The use of lane design: box junction at the Source: Google map 4-ways intersection of Jln. Sudang – Jln. Bukit keramat.
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
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C. Traffic Flow And Level of Service Traffic flow is analyzed to understand the traffic condition in Kg. Datuk Keramat and to ensure the efficient traffic movement and the minimal traffic congestion problem. The measurement of traffic flow is conducted using the qualitative measure of Level of Service (LOS) which is the measure of quality of flow that take into account multiple factors such as speed, freedom to maneuver, traffic interruptions and comfort. However, this analysis only considers the traffic flow quality in terms of speed per hour due to the data limitation. The analysis is based on the traffic conditions during the weekday and weekend (At certain times) in Kg. Datuk Keramat. Refer to Table 4.3.6 on traffic flow condition, the data shows that the traffic flow only indicates the LOS A and C. In which, LOS A is defined as free flow and no traffic delays and LOS C indicates a stable flow and medium amount of traffic, hence, Kg. Datuk Keramat does not experience a severe traffic congestion. However this data was obtained during CMCO where people’s movement are restricted, thus, the data can’t generalize the traffic condition of the normal days in the study area. Furthermore, it is identified the busiest traffic condition in Kg. Datuk Keramat is at 12PM and 8PM. From the overall data, the analysis shows that the busiest road is Jln Bukit Keramat, meanwhile Jln Datuk Keramat and Jln. Keramat Dalam which serve for multiple land uses shows a better traffic, this shows that the implementation of one-way circulation can cater traffic congestions. Lastly, it is identified that the busiest junction is Jln Sudang-Jln Bukit Keramat intersection which is the only road access point to Kg. Datuk Keramat from the northern area. Table 4.3.5: Level of Service
Table 4.3.6: Traffic Flow Condition
LEVEL OF SERVICE LOS A : Free flow and no traffic delays. Traffic flows at or above the posted speed limit (80.46 km/hour or more) and motorists have complete mobility between lanes.
LEVEL OF SERVICE ROAD NAME 8 AM Road
LOS C: Medium amount of traffic. Stable flow, at or near free flow (80.46 km/h). Movement between lanes is noticeably restricted and require more driver awareness.
Jln. Keramat
Source: Desktop Study
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4 PM
8 PM
8 AM
12 PM
4 PM
8 PM
Jln. Datuk Keramat Jln. Persiaran Gurney
LOS E: Slowest of the traffic speed and Unstable flow. Flow becomes irregular and no maneuver in the traffic stream and speeds rarely reach the posted limit.
12 PM
WEEKEND
Jln. Keramat Dalam
LOS B: Reasonably free flow. LOS A speeds are maintained.
LOS D: Traffic delays. Approaching unstable flow. Speeds slightly decrease as traffic volume slightly increase (40.2 km/h). Freedom of lane movement is more limited.
WEEKDAY
Jln. Padang Tembak Jln Keramat Hujung Jln. Bukit Keramat T-junction
Jln. Keramat Dalam – Jalan Jelatek Jln. Keramat Dalam – Jln. Keramat Hujung Jln. Keramat – Jln. Keramat Dalam (Pasar) Jln. Datuk Keramat – Jln. Keramat Dalam (Pasar) Jln. Datuk Keramat – Jln. Keramat Jln. Persiaran Gurney – Jln. Keramat
4-ways Intersection
Jln. Sudang – Jln. Bukit Keramat Jln. Keramat –Jln. Bukit Keramat Jln Persaiaran Gurney – Jln. Datuk Keramat Source: Google Map
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Weekday Traffic 12:00 PM
8:00 PM
Weekend Traffic 12:00 PM The figures show the traffic condition in Kg. Datuk Keramat during busy hours in the weekday and weekend. The traffic amount of the junctions in Pasar area is higher during the noon time, at 12 PM, of both weekday and weekend. The Pasar area mainly consist of commercial and public facilities land uses, therefore, the volume of commercial activity is probably highest during the lunch time and the location of school near the junction may even worsens the traffic condition. 8:00 PM
Intersection (Pasar Area): • Jln Datuk Keramat – Jln Keramat Dalam • Jln. Keramat – Jln. Keramat Dalam Intersection (Bukit Keramat Area): • Jln. Sudang – Jln. Bukit Keramat • Jln. Keramat –Jln. Bukit Keramat • Jln Persaiaran Gurney – Jln. Datuk Keramat • Jln. Persiaran Gurney – Jln. Keramat
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Moreover, during the nighttime, at 8PM, of both weekday and weekend. The intersections in the area of Bukit Keramat shows a higher amount of traffic. This is much probably due to the high-rise development in the particular area which results in higher density compare to the other areas. Therefore, traffic condition is worse during the night urban commute time and unable to cope with the traffic demand of the high-density area. Figure 4.3.7: Weekday and weekend traffic Source: Google Map
N.T.S
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D. Traffic Calming Measure
Table 4.3.7: Road Speed Bump Number
Traffic calming is widely known to reduce speed and to help decrease the road injuries and fatalities. Implementing traffic calming measure in Kg. Datuk Keramat is undoubtedly important because the area mostly consists of residential area. It is identified that there are 2 types of traffic calming measure being implemented in Kg. Datuk Keramat which are speed bump and sign as well as the unique method of red color road marking. a. Speed Hump and Speed Sign Speed hump is the most common technique of traffic calming in Malaysia. Speed humps combined with speed sign can slow traffic in residential area, school zones and other similar locations. In Kg. Datuk Keramat, it is estimated that there are a total of 34 speed humps provided along the major roads (Table 4.3.7). The street with the highest number of speed humps is Jln. Keramat and Jln. Datuk Keramat, the two streets are categorized as collector roads which connect multiple land uses including residential with busier land uses such as commercial. Meanwhile the third street with the most speed humps is Jln. Keramat Hujung at the northern side of the site area which has terrains and elevations. Therefore, the high volume of speed humps on the three roads is justifiable due to the road functions as well as the elevation condition. Furthermore, all the road humps are provided with speed sign and it is identified that the speed limit in Kg. Datuk Keramat is 35 km/h which is the standard speed limit in residential area.
Figure 4.3.8: Speed Bump and Sign Speed Source: Google Map
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CATEGORY Primary Collector Road
Secondary Collector Road
Local Road
ROAD NAME
SPEED BUMPS
Jln. Keramat Dalam
2
Jln. Datuk Keramat
8
Jln. Persiaran Gurney
3
Jln. Keramat
9
Jln Keramat Hujung
7
Jln. Bukit Keramat
1
Jln. Pawang
4 TOTAL
34
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
b. Red Color Road Marking This traffic calming measure is indeed less commonly practiced in Malaysian cities. The technique of red color marking aims to tell the road users to slow down as the color tends to be centric and eye-catching to the driver’s sights. Refer to Figure 4.3.9, it can also be seen that the material used is also different, the texture of the pavement that differs from regular asphalt will be easily noticeable by the road users. This traffic calming measure is found along Jln. Persiaran Gurney, near the building entrance which aims to slow the speed and prevent any possible road crashes (refer to Plan 4.3.3).
Figure 4.3.9: Red Color Road Source: Google Map
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E. Road Facilities
b. Street Lights
Road facility is another important component in traffic management. It smooths the traffic and prevent possible road crashes. It also functions to assist the road users in finding their way. There are various types of road facilities, there are two highlighted road facilities available in Kg. Datuk Keramat which are traffic signs and streetlights.
Traffic lights are another important features in terms of traffic facilities, it plays a significant role as a source of public lighting during the dark condition such as at night, dawn or during the dark weather conditions. It not only prevents from road crashes, but it also functions as security to prevent crimes. From the virtual site visit conducted through the use of web mapping platform, it is identified that most the roads are provided with sufficient amount of streetlights.
a. Traffic Signs Traffic sign is commonly provided at the side of or elevated above the roads to give information to road users in which it also enhances the traffic safety. Some of the available traffic signs identified in Kg. Datuk Keramat is shown in Figure 4.3.10. The first signs describes the road ahead is curving to the right; hence, road users will be able to understand the road condition and be more watchful. The second picture is situated around the LRT station area, such traffic signs describe the area as a pedestrian zone, it aims to tell the road users to be more careful when driving in this zone and to ensure the safety of the pedestrians.
Jalan Datuk Keramat
Jalan Keramat Dalam
Figure 4.3.10: Traffic Signs Facilities In Kg. Datuk Keramat Source: Google Map
Jalan Keramat Figure 4.3.11: Street Lights Facilities In Major Road Source: Google Map
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4.3.3 PEDESTRIAN NETWORK Provision of pedestrian walkway is important to support active mobility of the residents in a neighborhood. Pedestrian walkway in Kg. Datuk Keramat is mostly provided along the major roads which connect different type of land uses within the site area (Plan 4.3.4). However, the pedestrian walkway is not provided along most of the local road as well as the cul-de-sacs, this might be due to the lack of space because of the narrow width of the roadways The analysis of the pedestrian network is based on the existing condition in term of one or two sides walkway, and walkway facilities such as shelter and trees for shading, crosswalk and pedestrian bridge for crossing facilities, and inclusive facilities for the disabled. Refer to Table 4.3.8 It is identified that most of the major roads in Kg. Datuk Keramat is under the 2 sides category which extends almost 4 km in length. This means that pedestrians can safely walk on both sides of the road. However, the connection between the walkways segregated at the road intersections is not emphasized in the site as there is a lack of crosswalk facilities in which only 2 of the crossing facilities are provided and are not located at the road intersections. Another obstacle to the walkway connections is also identified due to the commercial activities and illegal parking that take place on the walkway. This indicates the network of the pedestrian walkway is not well connected and road injuries among the pedestrian are highly possible to occur. Furthermore, trees are identified along 25% of the total length of the walkway which is at Jln. Keramat Dalam, Jln. Datuk Keramat, Jln. Persiaran Gurney and Jln. Bukit Keramat. Meanwhile, shelter as structured shading facilities is only found in front of the school area and LRT station area. Furthermore, in terms of walkway facilities for the disabled group, only Jln Padang Tembak is identified to have an inclusive design which is the existing tactile paving, it shows that inclusivity is not considered enough in designing of the walkway provision in Kg. Datuk Keramat. Table 4.3.8: Walkway Provision CATEGORY
ROAD NAME
WALKWAY TYPE (Length (m))
TREES (Length (m))
INCLUSIVE DESIGN
1 SIDE
2 SIDES
Jln. Keramat Dalam
165
477
642
50
130
x
Jln. Datuk Keramat
253
1,381
1,634
58
764
x
Jln. Persiaran Gurney
195
800
995
-
289
x
Jln. Padang Tembak
159
-
159
-
-
/
Small Collector Road
Jln. Keramat
97
1,000
1,097
50
-
x
Jln. Bukit Keramat
309
274
583
-
166
x
Local Road
Jln. Sudang
207
-
207
-
-
x
1385
3932
5317
158
1349
x
Primary Collector Road
Total
TOTAL LENGTH
SHELTER (Length (m))
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
Provision of shelter for shading
Tactile Paving Figure 4.3.12: Pedestrian Network Existing Condition Source: Google Map
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4.3.4 PUBLIC TRANSIT
b. Public Bus Service
A. Available Public Transit Service
Furthermore, Kg. Datuk Keramat is also served with 5 public buses of different lines, namely Bus 220, T221, T224, GoKL Turquoise and GoKL Orange. Among the 5 bus services, 3 of them have the route directions from Kg. Datuk Keramat (LRT Dato’ Keramat precisely) as the starting point. Most of the bus services start operating from 6.00 AM until 11.30 PM everyday. Furthermore, the details of each type of the bus services can be referred to Table 4.3.9. The availability of these public bus services created intra-region connectivity within Kg. Datuk Keramat as well as inter-region connectivity with outer regions within the Klang Valley such as Taman Melawati, KL city centre, Desa Pandan, Ampang, Kementah, Setiawangsa and Titiwangsa.
The availability of public transportation in a neighborhood is important to ensure the mobility service of the people are fully served without being dependent on private vehicles. Nowadays, the availability of public transit is also important to ensure the sustainability of the neighborhood by reducing the pollution as well as the traffic congestion. Therefore, this aspect is considered to identify the accessibility and connectivity in terms of public transit. In Kg. Datuk Keramat, there are 2 public transit serviced available which are the LRT and public buses.
• • •
a. LRT Kelana Jaya Line In Kg. Datuk Keramat, there are 2 LRT transit stations within the site area and 1 station adjacent to it, which serve for Kelana Jaya LRT line. The stations are, namely, Damai and Dato’ Keramat station within the site area, and Jelatek station which also serves the area as well Kelana Jaya LRT line comprises of 46.4 Km of grade separated tracks running from Putra Heights LRT station to Gombak LRT station which serves the southern of Klang Valley to Kuala Lumpur city centre and to low density residential area to the north of Klang Valley. Therefore, this indicates that Kg. Datuk Keramat is highly accessible in terms of public transit from many areas within the Klang Valley. Kg. Datuk Keramat which mostly is a residential area, this transit line provides an easy mobility of the residents who may work at any other part of the city.
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Bus 220 Bus T221 Bus T224
Figure 4.3.14: Public Bus Services Source: RapidKL
GoKL Turquoise • GoKL Orange •
Figure 4.3.13: LRT KLJ Line Source: Klia2.info
Bus 220 Bus T221Bus T224
Figure 4.3.15: Public Bus Services Source: GoKL
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Table 4.3.9: Public Bus Service BUS SERVICE
OPERATING ROUTE SERVICE
BUS ROUTE
Bus 220 Direction: Taman Melawati ⇌ Hab Medan Pasar Operation hours: Everyday 6:00 AM – 11:30 PM Stops: 55 Trip Duration: 48 min
Hentian Taman Melawati Zon E Taman Melawati
LRT Dato' Keramat
Pusat Komersial Zon E Taman Melawati
Sekolah Kebangsaan Datuk Keramat 1 & 2
The International School Of Kuala Lumpur (Timur)
Kampung Datuk Keramat
Mm Residency
Gurney Heights Condominium Blok C & D
Sekolah Kebangsaan Taman Melawati 2
Jalan Bukit Keramat, Kuala Lumpur
Pencawang Tm Melawati
Gurney Heights Condominium Blok A & B
Zoo Negara
Markas Logistik Tentera Darat
Sri Inai KL
Kompleks Sukan Kementah
Sekolah Kebangsaan Hulu Kelang
Mindef Square
Flat Taman Al-Ridhuan (Barat)
Jabatan Pertahanan Awam Malaysia
Wisma Ally Azran
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Utara)
Kompleks Dawama
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Selatan)
Malaysia Transformer Manufacturing
Wisma Jupem
Au3 (Utara)
Menara Celcom
Flat Au3 (Utara)
Setia Sky Residences
Flat Au3 (Selatan)
Yayasan Selangor
Pusat Sampel Geologi Petronas (Utara)
Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Raja Muda
Ulu Klang Free Trade Zone (Utara)
Kampung Baru (Utara) Bangunan Imr
Medan Selera Taman Desa Keramat
Batu Road
Taman Desa Keramat Au2
Sri Amar
Ulu Klang Free Trade Zone (Selatan)
Restoran Mohd Yaseem Maju Junction
Flat Au2
Menara Mara
Flat Taman Keramat
Globe KL
Taman Keramat (Timur)
Laman Tunku Abdul Rahman
Taman Keramat (Utara)
Bangunan Sultan Abdul Samad
Taman Keramat (Barat)
Hab Medan Pasar (Lpb)
Taman Datuk Keramat (Selatan)
Continue…
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BUS SERVICE
OPERATING ROUTE SERVICE
BUS ROUTE
Bus T224 Direction: LRT Dato’ Keramat ⟲ Desa Pandan Operation hours: Everyday 6:00 AM – 11:00 PM Stops: 26 Trip Duration: 20 min
LRT Dato’ Keramat
Desa Pandan Central (Timur)
Kuarters Kakirtangan JUPEM
Desa Pandan Central (Tengah)
Taman Datuk Keramat (Utara)
Desa Pandan Central (Barat)
Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat
Villa U-Thant Apartment
LRT Jelatek
Desa Pandan Apartment (Timur)
PPR Jelatek
Royal Selangor Polo Club
Institute Penyelidikan Getah Malaysia
Wickham Residence
Sayfol International School
Ketana II Condominium
Wickham Residence
Villa Aman Condominium
Desa Pandan Apartment (Utara)
Gleneagles Intan Medical Center
Mutiara Upper East Ampang Condominium
PPR DBKL Jelatek
Sekolah Kebangsaan Desa Pandan
Taman Datuk Keramat (Selatan)
Desa Pandan Apartment (Barat)
LRT Dato’ Keramat
Bus T221 Direction: LRT Dato’ Keramat ⇌ Ampang Point Operation hours: Everyday 6:00 AM – 11:30 PM Stops: 20 Trip Duration: 30 min
LRT Dato' Keramat
Taman Desa Keramat Au2
Kuarters Kakitangan Jupem
Medan Selera Taman Desa Keramat
Taman Datuk Keramat (Utara)
Ulu Klang Free Trade Zone (Utara)
Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat
Pusat Sampel Geologi Petronas (Selatan)
Taman Keramat (Barat)
Restoran Istana Bambu
Taman Keramat (Utara)
Dataran Ukay
Taman Keramat (Timur)
Kuala Ampang
Flat Taman Keramat
Ampang Point (Barat)
Flat Au2
Kpj Ampang Puteri
Ulu Klang Free Trade Zone (Selatan)
Hab Ampang Point
Continue…
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BUS SERVICE GOKL Turquoise Direction: LRT Dato’ Keramat ⟲ Kelumpuk Cemperling Operation hours: Mon-Fri: 6:00 AM – 11:00 PM Sat-Sun: 7:00 AM – 11:00 PM Stops: 33 Trip Duration: 23 min
GOKL Orange Direction: Hab Titiwangsa ⟲ Mindef
OPERATING ROUTE SERVICE
OPERATING BUS STOP WITHIN THE SITE
LRT Dato' Keramat Kuarters Kakitangan Jupem
Kelumpuk Kenanga
Taman Datuk Keramat (Utara)
Kelumpuk Sunding Malam
Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat
Kelumpuk Bunga Raya
Kampung Warisan
Kelumpuk Jerijit
Masjid Muadz Jabal
Kelumpuk Dahlia
Stadium Mini Setiawangsa
Menara Seri Kenanga
Sekolah Kebangsaan Taman Setiawangsa (Barat)
Kelumpuk Cemperling
Surau An-Nur Taman Setiawangsa
Aeon Au2 Setiawangsa (Utara)
Sekolah Kebangsaan Taman Setiawangsa (Utara)
Majlis Sukan Negara (Msn) Setiawangsa
Mahsuri Apartment
Flat Atm Setiawangsa
Setiawangsa Business Suite
Setiawangsa Business Park
Apartment Sri Ayu
Masjid Mu'Adz Bin Jabal
Kelumpuk Pinang
LRT Setiawangsa
Surau Al Syakirin
Kawasan Perumahan Au 1a/2
Kelumpuk Bambu
Taman Datuk Keramat (Selatan)
Kelumpuk Chempaka
LRT Dato' Keramat
Terminal Pekeliling
Pangsa Murni Titiwangsa Keramat Jaya 2
Hospital Kuala Lumpur (Barat)
Unikl Business School
Hospital Kuala Lumpur (Utara)
Tadika Capital (Capital Kindergarten)
Istana Budaya
Kuala Lumpur Vertical City
Operation hours: Mon-Fri: 6:00 AM – 11:00 PM Sat-Sun: 7:00 AM – 11:00 PM
Klinik Kesihatan Kuala Lumpur
Wisma Jupem
Institut Jantung Negara (Ijn) (Timur)
Menara Celcom
Menara Th Selborn
Setia Sky Residences
Stops: 31 Trip Duration: 25 min
Menara Celcom
Yayasan Selangor
Wisma Jupem
Sekolah Kebangsaan Jalan Raja Muda
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Selatan)
Kampung Baru (Utara)
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Utara)
Bangunan Imr
Jabatan Pertahanan Awam Malaysia
Hospital Kuala Lumpur (Selatan)
Mindef Square
Hospital Kuala Lumpur (Barat)
Markas Logistik Tentera Darat
Terminal Pekeliling
Gurney Heights Condominium Blok A & B Gurney Heights Condominium Blok C & D Residensi Chymes Gurney
Source: Moovit
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B. Existing Condition a. LRT Transit Stations In order to serve a more comprehensive public transit service, the provision of LRT stations shall be provided with facilities that promotes the connectivity of people’s mobility. Refer to the Table 4.3.10, it shows the facility provided in the three LRT station serving Kg. Datuk Keramat. The facilities considered are the provision of parking facilities and availability of other public transport connection. The provision of parking facilities will promote the mobility system of “Park and Ride” in which the users who drive their own private vehicles can leave their vehicles at the LRT station and to continue their journey using the public transport. The availability of other public transit such as public buses is to ensure the mobility of public transport users are well served and connected. In Kg. Datuk Keramat, LRT Damai station is provided with a total of 1,741 parking bays for both cars and motorcycles, but it does not serve any other mode of public transit. Meanwhile, for Dato’ Keramat station serves the connection with other mode of public transit which are 4 types of public buses, but it does not come with parking facilities. Meanwhile, for Jelatek station, it has both of facilities with a total of 292 parking bays and serving one public buses. Therefore, due to the close locations of Damai and Dato’ Keramat, both serves for different purposes for a more comprehensive public transit systems.
Bus Transit
Parking Facilities
Station
Table 4.3.10: LRT Station Facilities LRT Damai Station (KJ8)
LRT Dato’ Keramat Station (KJ7)
LRT Jelatek Station (KJ6)
1,236
(Parking Bays)
Not Available
505
292
(Parking Bays)
(Motorcycle Bays)
Not Available
Bus 220 Bus T224 Bus T221 GoKL Turquoise
Bus T224
Figure 4.3.16: LRT Damai Station Source: Wikimapia
Parking Bays are provided in front and besides of the station to promote the “Park and Ride” mobility system.
Source: Klia2.Info
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Furthermore, it is important to identify the reachability to the LRT stations from the neighborhood, Kg. Datuk Keramat, especially in terms of the walkability. Therefore, a study of isochrone maps is conducted, the study considers the time threshold of walking and the availability of walking route. By definition, isochrone map comprises of line which connects points at which something can arrive at the same time. In this case the range of 7 minutes is selected as the time threshold because it is commonly the walk time for 400 m – 500 m distance (walking distance). Refer to Figure 4.3.17, the isochrone map is drawn from three points of each LRT stations. Overall, almost the entire area of Kg. Datuk Keramat is within the coverage of the walkable catchment area to the three LRT stations with only the northern sides are not covered. Furthermore, by identifying the reachability of each stations, it can be seen that LRT Dato’ Keramat and LRT Jelatek have the catchment area of 0.5 km2 with the radius up to around 400 m, it means that within up to 400 meters from any points, it takes 7 minutes for people to walk. On the other hand, for LRT Damai station shows the coverage of only serving the site area and it has less catchment area which is 0.33 km with radius up to 324 m which means it takes 7 minutes just to walk for 324 m to LRT Damai Station. Hence, it is identified that the three LRT stations are still reachable trough walking from the site area (also refer to Plan 4.3.5 showing the connection of walkway to public transits). Furthermore, facilities to promote the connectivity of pedestrian is also available through the provision of overhead crossing bridge which available at the LRT Damai Station connecting with UTC Keramat and LRT Jelatek station connecting with Kg. Datuk Keramat (Refer to Figure 4.3.18 and Plan 4.3.5)
Kg. Datuk Keramat
LRT Jelatek
N.T.S Table 4.3.11: Isochrone Map LRT LRT STATION
AREA
RADIUS DISTANCE
1
Dato’ Keramat
0.51 km2
400 m
2
Damai
0.33 km2
324 m
3
Jelatek
0.50 km2
400 m
Source: Openrouteservice.org
Crossing Bridge
Figure 4.3.18: LRT Jelatek Source: Google Map
Figure 4.3.17: Isochrone Map LRT Walking Distance Source: Openrouteservice.org
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b. Bus Stop Identifying the distribution and condition of bus stops in Kg. Datuk Keramat is important to ensure the equal access to bus transit system, the good quality of existing condition in terms of users’ physical comforts as well as the functionality as the bus stop itself. In Kg. Datuk Keramat, the distribution of bus stops is adequate, there are total of 12 bus stops distributed across the neighborhood which serves for variety of available bus routes (Refer to Plan 4.3.5 for distribution plan). All of the bus stops are located along the major roads of Kg. Datuk Keramat and serves for different land uses. However, the current condition of bus stops in terms of the facilities provided are vary. Refer to Table 4.3.12, the bus stop with the fullest facilities is provided with shelter, seats, information display and bus stop road marking (Figure 4.3.19). Shelter and seats provide comfort for the users and protecting them from climatic condition, the information board provides information of the bus services such as the destinations, routes and bus frequency, and bus stop road marking restricts other road users from stopping. Furthermore, 6 of 12 bus stops have the fullest facilities which mostly are located at busy and new development areas, meanwhile there are 3 bus stops come with only information board, this is probably due to the location is less busy and/or serving for only one bus route (Figure 4.3.19).
Table 4.3.12: Existing Condition Bus Stop BUS STOP
FACILITIES SHELTER
SEATS
INFORMATION BOARD
BUS STOP ROAD MARKING
Taman Datuk Keramat Selatan
x
x
/
x
LRT Dato’ Keramat (KL2311) (Transit)
/
/
/
/
Kuarters Kakitangan Jupem (KL2310)
/
/
/
x
Taman Datuk Keramat (Utara) (KL2312)
x
x
/
x
Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat (KL2313)
/
/
x
x
SK. Datuk Keramat 1&2
/
/
/
/
x
x
/
x
x
x
/
x
/
/
/
/
Residensi Chymes Gurney
/
/
/
/
Pangsa Murni Titiwangsa Keramat Jaya 2
/
/
/
/
UniKL Business School
/
/
/
/
Kg. Datuk Keramat Gurney Heights Condominium Block A&B Gurney Heights Condominium Block C&D
Bus stop with complete facilities.
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Bus stop with only information board. Figure 4.3.19: Bus Stop Existing Condition Source: Google Map
Source: Virtual Fieldwork
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The analysis of isochrone mapping is also conducted to measure the catchment area of walking distance for the existing bus stop within Kg. Datuk Keramat. The same indicator of 7 minutes time threshold is selected. However, only some bus stops are included in the map as the location of some bus stops are closed to each other. Refer to Table 4.3.13 and Figure 4.3.20, overall, almost the entire area of Kg. Datuk Keramat is within the coverage of the walkable catchment area to the bus stops, only piece of area on the southern and northern sides are not covered. Moreover, it is identified that the catchment areas of each bus stops are all above 400 m, which for instance, within 460-meter distance to the bus stop of Pangsa Murni, it takes 7 minutes for pedestrian to walk hence It will take shorter time to walk for less than 400 meters from the bus stops. This describes the high accessibility of pedestrian to the bus stops; this is also justified by the provision of walkway along the major roads within the neighborhood that connects the bus stops to other land uses (Plan 4.3.5).
N.T.S
Table 4.3.13: Isochrone Map LRT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
BUS STOP
AREA (Km2)
RADIUS DISTANCE (m)
Pangsa Murni
0.66
460
UniKL
0.55
420
Chymes Gurney
0.53
410
Gurney Heights
0.55
420
SK Datuk Keramat
0.56
422
Taman Datuk Keramat (Utara)
0.64
451
Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat
0.67
461
Taman Datuk Keramat Selatan
0.57
430
Figure 4.3.20: Isochrone Map Bus Stop Walking Distance Source: Openrouteservice.org
Source: Openrouteservice.org
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4.3.5 MODE OF TRANSPORT The analysis of mode of transport seeks to identify the preferences of transportation mode among the people in Kg. Datuk Keramat in terms of daily commuting. There are three categories considered which are private motorized transport, taxi or e-hailing, public transit and active mobility.
Private Motorized Transport This category is the use of private or individual vehicles as the commuting mode. The advantages of this mode may include the freedom and flexibility in deciding when to commute and which route to take. However, the disadvantage would be the fuel cost burden, and the chance to face traffic congestion. The private motorized transport considered in this analysis is car and motorcycle.
Public Transit Public transit as the transportation mode is the use of public transportation for commuting. It is already widely acknowledged that public transport is more environmentally friendly and could reduce traffic congestion. Furthermore, the advantage from the individual passengers would be the more safety and faster transport mode. However, the inflexibility of commuting would be the disadvantage. The public transit in this analysis refers to bus and LRT.
Taxi or E-hailing Nowadays, taxi, especially, e-hailing has been a popular option of transportation due to its more convenient and faster booking process. It provides the advantages of private transport in terms of privacy and the flexibility, but it is accessible by public. Certainly, the cost is higher compared to public transit. The disadvantage would be the chance of facing traffic congestion.
The analysis of the transportation mode among the people in Kg. Datuk Keramat is conducted through questionnaire survey with a total of 30 respondents. The 30 respondents were asked how they commute to work or school daily. Refer to Chart 4.3.1, it can be identified that 73% of the respondents commute to work using their private vehicle, it is followed by public transit at 13% meanwhile for taxi/e-hailing and active mobility is 6.6% each. The preference on private transport as the mode of commuting is highest due to its conveniency and flexibility. The great intra- and interregion connectivity of the study area ease the movement of the people using individual motorized transport. As for public transport, the less preference on this transportation mode among the respondents are due to the poor system of bus service such as the uncertainty of the schedule and the delays of the bus arrival, some respondents also added that there are too many passengers and one bus sometimes could not fit the passengers at a time therefore they had to wait for the next turn, this has led to the lesser interest in this mode of transportation. This indicates that the bus service in Kg. Datuk Keramat may not be able to cope with the current demand. Lastly, it is worth noting that the result of this questionnaire survey should not be generalizes to the whole study area as it just represents the small portion of the total population. Mode of Transport 6.60% 6.60% 13.30% Private Transport Public Transit
Active Mobility Active transportation is the transport of people using non-motorized transport or based on human physical activity such as walking and cycling. This transport mode is considered as the most sustainable, there is no carbon dioxide release from such activity. Other than that, this mode encourages a healthier lifestyle of the people as they become more active, however it is not suitable for far commute.
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Active Transit 73.30%
Taxi/E-hailing
Chart 4.3.1: Mode of Transport Source: Questionnaire Survey
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4.3.6 PARKING SPACE The analysis on parking space seeks to identify the efficiency of current parking space provision in the development of the study area. It is important to understand the current condition of the parking space provision whether it is sufficient to cater the parking demand or it has led to any issue. Furthermore, nowadays, the idea of new urbanism where active mobility is encouraged, and minimal provision of on surface parking provision. Hence, the analysis on the percentage of parking area of the built-up area is conducted to identify whether the development has followed the sustainability standard. A. Parking Category Generally, there are two categories of parking; on-street parking and offstreet parking. On-street parking is simply defined as parking space provided on the side of the road which uses some part of the road reserve for parking. Roadside parking space could be paved or unpaved, marked or unmarked, and regulated or unregulated. There are 3 types of on-street parking; right-angle parking, parallel parking and herring bone parking (Figure 4.3.21). On the other hand, off-street parking is defined as parking space other than on the roadside which can be inside a building or provided with a specific site area.
The most common types of on-street parking identified in Kg. Datuk Keramat, especially in commercial areas, are parallel and herring borne parking. Refer to Figure 4.3.22, it was identified that some of the onstreet parking are both marked and unmarked. However, the on-street parking in Kg. Datuk Keramat is seemed to cause traffic congestion, most of the roadways are too narrow and space of this road reserve is also used for parking space, thus there is a minimum space left for the traffic lane. For instance, the on-street parking in the area of pasar Keramat with the busyness of commercial activity, causes a more congested traffic of the roadways thereof. The on-street parking is also found around the landed residential area. The number of on-street parking identified is probably due to the high demand of parking among the residents and the inadequate of vacant area for parking space. Furthermore, the off-street parking in Kg. Datuk Keramat is mostly provided for certain development other than landed residential and commercial such as the high-rise residential, public facilities and institution development, as well as parking space at Taman Tasik (open space).
Parallel Parking
Herring borne parking in Pasar Keramat
On-street parking in landed residential area
Off-street parking
Right-angle
Parallel
Herring Bone
Figure 4.3.21: On-Street Parking Type Source: PlanMalaysia
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Figure 4.3.22: Parking Type In Kg. Datuk Keramat Source: Google map
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B. Parking Surface Area The analysis on the total surface of parking area is conducted for the sustainability assessment (in section 4.3.3), to identify the performance of Kg. Datuk Keramat in reducing private vehicles dependency and to encourage the use of public transportation and active mobility by minimizing the provision of surface parking area. First of all, it is worth mentioning that the analysis is based on the selected development of non-residential with off-street parking provision, because the parking requirement for residential area might diverse according to the types of residential development. Furthermore the data is measured using Google map tools, hence, the data obtained is not as accurate in representing the total parking area of each development . The analysis is conducted by calculating the percentage of the total parking area from the total built up area of each development, and the total area of all selected development is also calculated. Refer to Table 4.3.14 and Figure 4.3.23, the selected development is based on land uses of commercial, institution and public facilities. It is identified that the school institutions have the smallest percentage of surface parking area which the parking area of Sekolah Datok Keramat 1 is 19% of the total built up area and for Sekolah Rendah Agama Al-Alusi is only 14.5% of the built-up area. The small percentage of parking area in school institutions is because it has less requirement compared to commercial development, such as AZ land and property which is an office building with the total parking area larger than the built-up area, it’s much probably due to the higher demand of parking among the adult workers. From the 9 selected developments within Kg. Datuk Keramat, the total parking area of all the developments is 42% of the total built-up area. It indicates that there is a high volume of parking provision in the study area, the number even excludes the on-street parking, the parking of residential developments and parking at transit stations which to cope with the estimated high demand of parking space provision.
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Table 4.3.14: Existing Condition Bus Stop DEVELOPMENT
BUILT UP AREA
PARKING AREA
Masjid Kampong Datok Keramat
5,897.01 m²
2,528 m² (75% of builtup area)
5,482.8 m²
1,060 m² (19% of builtup area)
Sekolah Datok Keramat 1
Continue
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DEVELOPMENT
BUILT UP AREA
PARKING AREA
Sekolah Rendah Agama Al-Alusi
DEVELOPMENT
BUILT UP AREA
PARKING AREA
Pasar Keramat
4,060.52 m²
589.36 m² (14.5% of built-up area)
5,812.92 m²
1,354.59 m² (23.3% of built-up area)
2,069.41 m²
2,654.16 m² (>100% of built-up area)
3,235.73 m²
2,605.45 m² (80% of builtup area)
AZ Land and Property
Datuk Keramat Sport Complex
1,621.08 m²
1,519.04 m² (93% of builtup area)
Commercial 1
Continue
Continue
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DEVELOPMENT
BUILT UP AREA
PARKING AREA
Commercial 2
759.64 m²
820.63 m² (100% of built-up area)
1,500.45 m²
758.08 m² (50.52 % of built-up area)
Industry
Selected Development
TOTAL
26,869.70 m²
11,475 m² (42% of builtup area)
Source: Google Map
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Masjid Kampong Datok Keramat Sekolah Datok Keramat 1 Sekolah Rendah Agama Al-Alusi Datuk Keramat Sport Complex Pasar Keramat AZ Land and Property Commercial 1 Commercial 2 Industry: Syarikat Bengkel Setia
N.T.S
Figure 4.3.23: Location of Selected Development for Parking Area Source: Google map
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4.3.7 GUIDELINE COMPLIANCE
Cross Section Jln. Datuk Keramat – Primary Collector Road
Assessment of guideline compliancy is conducted to identify the current performance of Kampung Datuk Keramat in terms of transportation networks with the standard planning guideline. The planning guideline referred in this assessment is residential guideline and parking guideline by the Federal Department of Town and Country Planning (JPBD) as the specific guideline for Kuala Lumpur is not available. The assessment encompasses 2 aspects for compliancy analysis which are the hierarchy and road standards, and provision of parking standards. A. Hierarchy and Road Standards
Incompliance Standard Guideline for Primary Collector Road
The compliancy of hierarchy and road standards is conducted by making a comparison of the road cross-section and the road geometric between the existing condition of the roadways in Kg. Datuk Keramat with the standard provision in the guidelines. The analysis is conducted according to the hierarchy road category. As for the cross-section, only the selected street of each hierarchy category is used as the samples of this analysis. Refer to Figure 4.3.24 showing the cross section of selected street for compliancy. Jalan Datuk Keramat of 13 m road width is selected to represent the primary local road and Cangkat Keramat Hujung represents the local road. Due to the diverse width of the roadways in the study area, the selection was based on the most compliance with the guideline in terms of the road width. Refer to Table 4.3.15 It is identified that none of the primary collector road compliances with the guideline provisions. It can be seen in the cross section of Jalan Datuk Keramat, although the road width has complied with the guideline, which is at 13 meter with 4 lanes, however there is an absence of median to separate the 2 directions. The location of the utility and the pedestrian walkway do not comply with the guideline standards. Similarly, as for the local road, refer to the cross section of Cangkat Keramat Hujung, the road width complies with the standard which is at 5.5 meter, however, there is no provision of pedestrian walkway along that particular local road, the space between the roadway and the housing building is used for utility and swales. However, for the small collector road, most of the street is compliance but solely considering the road width and the walkway provision. The status of incompliance of the roadways with the guideline standards in Kampung Datuk Keramat is much probably due to the narrow road and no more enough space for the road upgrade.
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Cross Section Cangkat Keramat Hujung – Local Road
Incompliance
Standard Guideline for Local Road
NA – Measurement Not Available
Figure 4.3.24: Road Compliance Source: Desktop Study
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Table 4.3.15: Guideline Compliancy Roadways HIERARCHY Primary Collector Road
WIDTH
MEDIAN
EXISTING MEASUREMENTS WALKWAY
MEDIAN
WALKWAY
COMPLIANCY
7.5 m - 2 lanes
N/A
Av
x
Jln. Datuk Keramat
7 m – 2 lanes
N/A
Av
x
12 m – 4 lanes
N/A
Av
x
13 m – 4 lanes
N/A
Av
x
12 m – 3 lanes
N/A
Av
x
7 m – 2 lanes
N/A
Av
x
Jln. Padang Tembak
7.3 m - 2 lanes
N/A
Av
x
Jln. Keramat
13 m – 4 lanes
-
Av
/
10 m – 2 lanes
-
Av
/
7.5 m – 2 lanes
-
Av
/
7.5 m – 2 lanes
-
N/A
x
12 m – 3 lanes
-
Av
/
8.5 m – 2 lanes
-
Av
/
7.3 m – 2 lanes
-
Av
/
13 m – 3 lanes
-
N/A
x
6.5 m – 2 lanes
-
N/A
x
4.5 m – 2 lanes
-
N/A
x
4.5 m – 2 lanes
-
N/A
x
Cangkat Keramat Hujung
5.5 m – 2 lanes
-
N/A
x
Persiaran Keramat Hujung
5.6 m – 2 lanes
-
N/A
x
Jln Keramat Hujung
13 m – 4 lanes (3.25m/lane)
5.5 m – 2 lanes (2.7m/lane)
2.5 m
-
2.75 m
2.75
Jln. Bukit Keramat Local Road
WIDTH
Jln. Keramat Dalam
Jln. Persiaran Gurney
Small Collector Road
STANDARD GUIDELINES
ROAD NAME
Jln. Sudang Jln. Pawang Jln. Bumoh Jln. Nujum
5.5 m – 2 lanes (2.7m/lane)
Av – Available but measurement is unidentified NA – Not Available / - Complied x – Not complied
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-
2.75
Source: Residential Guideline JPBD
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B. Parking Space Standard Furthermore, the compliancy of parking space is conducted by comparing the layout design of on-street parking of the existing condition in Kg. Datuk Keramat with the standard provision in the guidelines. The analysis is conducted by considering the on-street parking category. The sampling of the street for analysis is based on the one way and two ways category. Refer to Figure 4.3.25. Firstly, as for one-way category, the on-street at Jalan Keramat Dalam (between the Sekolah Datok Keramat 1 and Pasar Keramat) is selected for analysis. It can be identified that the on-street parking in this area fails to comply with the guideline as there is no provision of landscape which separates the parking lot and pedestrian walkway, even on the one side of the street, it is directly adjacent to the commercia building and no walkway provided. Secondly, Jalan Keramat (nearby Masjid Kampong Datok Keramat) is selected for the on-street parking of 2 ways road. The similar issue is also identified which is the absence of landscape to separate between the lanes as well as the parking lot and pedestrian walkway. In conclusion, the road condition in the study area tends to be too narrow which reflects the road in “Kampung”, therefore it cannot adapt to the recent requirement of roadways and parking provision guidelines. On-Street Parking – One-way road (Jalan Keramat Dalam)
On-Street Parking – Two ways road (Jalan Keramat) Commercial Building
Commercial Building
Pedestrian Walkway On-street parking
On-street parking
Roadway
Roadway Incompliance On-street parking
On-street parking
Incompliance
Pedestrian Walkway Pedestrian Walkway Landscape
Commercial Building Guidelines On-Street Parking – 2 ways road Pedestrian Walkway Landscape
Guidelines On-Street Parking – one-way road Landscape
On-street parking
Roadway
Roadway Landscape Roadway
On-street parking Landscape Pedestrian Walkway
On-street parking Landscape
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Figure 4.3.25: Parking Compliance Source: Desktop Study
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4.3.8 INDICATOR ASSESSMENT Table 4.3.16: Guideline Compliancy Roadways DIMENSION 6 – INFRASTRUCTURE AND EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION THEME
INSTRUCTION
IT4 – Linkage, Transportation and Transit
SCORE
IT4-P1 Location and Linkage
REMARKS •
Kampung Datuk Keramat is surrounded with existing developed and matured neighborhood such as Seri Maya Condominium and Pangsapuri Berembang Indah which are within 500 meter to 1 kilmoter radius. Location of the study area nearby the city center of Kuala Lumpur, thus, a highly developed area around Petronas Twin Tower is just within 3 km radius. Furthermore, Kg. Datuk Keramat is also within close proximity of government offices and hospitals such as Hospital Kuala Lumpur
•
The study area is well-served with road networks which provide accessibility and connectivity to the surrounding development and other regions such as the Kuala Lumpur city center and Ampang area through AKLEH and Taman Keramat and Wangsa Maju through Jalan Jelatek.
•
There are 3 LRT Kelana Jaya Line station within the study area; Damai, Dato’ Keramat nad Jelatek LRT stations. This LRT line provides connectivity of transit line to the southern of Klang Valley, to Kuala Lumpur city centre and to low density residential area to the north of Klang Valley. Other than that, there are also 5 types of buses serve the study area; 220, T221, T224, GoKL Turquoise and Orange which created intra-region connectivity within Kg. Datuk Keramat as well as inter-region connectivity.
•
There are 2 LRT stations that is considered to be as integrated public transit. LRT Dato’ Keramat station within the study area also serve for bus transit; bus 220, T224, T221 and GoKL Turquoise. Meanwhile, as for LRT Jelatek station located adjacent to the study area is integrated with bus T224 line.
Location is (any of the following, 1 score for each):
✓ o Infill neighborhood (surrounded by development) ✓ o Well-connected to surrounding development by street network ✓ o Well served by transit
3/3
3 scores maximum (LEED) IT4-P2 Number of Integrated Public Transport o ≥ 4 = 3 scores
✓ o 2 – 3 = 2 scores o 1 = 1 score
2/3
(MURNINets) Continue
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DIMENSION 6 – INFRASTRUCTURE AND EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION THEME
INSTRUCTION
SCORE
IT4-P3 Public Transit Stops
REMARKS According to the isochrone mapping analysis conducted for the walking distance catchment areas of the bus stop. It is identified that the provision of bus stops in Kg. Datuk Keramat serve for different land use in the study area and all are within walking distance. • Not all of the bus stops in Kg. Datuk Keramat is provided with complete facilities. A total of 6 out of 12 bus stops have the most complete facilities such as shelter, benches, information board display and bus stop road marking. Meanwhile there are 3 bus stops come with only information board, this is probably due to the location is less busy and/or serving for only one bus route. • None of the bus stops are provided with vehicle sharing facilities or within 500 m thereof. •
All existing transit stop is (1 score for each):
o Walking distance from any land uses ✓
within the neighborhood. o Provided with shelters, benches, lighting and information displays o Provided with well-publicized vehicle sharing facilities on site or within 500 m 3 scores maximum (LEED)
1/3
Walking distance from bus stops
Bus stops with complete facilities Figure 4.3.26: Walking Distance Public Transit Source: Desktop Study
IT4-P4 OKU-Accessible Transit Stops Percentage of the total transit stops that are OKU-accessible within the neighborhood: o ≥ 30% = 1 score o 31% - 70% = 2 scores o 71% - 100% = 3 scores
0/3
•
No provision of bus stop is provided with OKU facilities in Kg Datuk Keramat.
(LIVABILITY INDEX) Continue
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DIMENSION 6 – INFRASTRUCTURE AND EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION THEME
INSTRUCTION
SCORE
REMARKS
IT4-P5 Cycling Facilities The neighborhood is provided with (if criteria 1 is complied, pick both or any of the following 2 criteria, 1 score for each): o Cycling provision around the neighborhood o Cycling network connects to more than 10 diverse land uses o Provides secure and covered bicycle storage (10% of nonresidential and 30% of residential)
0/3
•
There is no provision of cycling facilities such as cycling lane nor parking space for bicycles in Kg. Datuk Keramat. The absent of cycling facilities is probably due to the narrow roadways which commonly also serve for on-street parking thus it does not have more space for cycling lane.
•
The provision of sidewalks on both side of the road is only 73.9 % (3.9 km) of the total length of the major roadways (5.3 km)
•
All the major roadways serving for multiple land uses within Kg. Datuk Keramat are provided with pedestrian walkway; thus it is accessible from any of non-residential land uses.
•
Only 25.3% (1.35 km) of the total length of pedestrian walkway is provided with trees. The same reason of road narrow and inadequacy of space justify this lack of trees provision.
•
Only 2.9% of the total length of pedestrian walkway which mostly provided for school development.
3 scores maximum (LEED) IT4-P6 Neighborhood Walkability Criteria:
o Sidewalks along 90% of street length ✓
(both side of the street) o Mixed-use and nonresidential buildings close to the sidewalk o Lines 60% of sidewalk with non-invasive trees o Provides noon-time shade along at least 40% of sidewalks Scoring: o 4 achieved criteria = 3 score o 2-3 achieved criteria= 2 score o 1 achieved criteria = 1 score
1/3
✓
(LEED) Continue
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DIMENSION 6 – INFRASTRUCTURE AND EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION THEME
INSTRUCTION
SCORE
IT4-P7 Safe Street
REMARKS •
Speed limits at neighborhood scale along the residential traffic road is no more than the national general speed limits at residential area (35 km/h). (3 scores) (LIVABILITY INDEX)
The speed limit of the major roads in Kg. Datuk Keramat is 35 km/h which mainly due to the neighborhood mostly consists of residential areas.
3/3
Figure 4.3.28: Speed Limit Source: Google Map Speed Limit Sign IT4-P8 Reduce Parking Demand Criteria (1 score for each): o Minimizes total surface parking area (no greater than 20% of built area) o Locates any off-street parking at the side or rear of buildings (not along the sidewalks) o Provides bicycle storage for building occupants, bicycle parking for visitors, and spaces for carpool or shared vehicles.
A total of 9 development of non-residential development are analyzed in terms of the parking surface area measurement. The analysis shows that the 26,859 m2 of the total built-up area of the selected development, 42% of it is the total of surface parking area. • The street parking along the roadways is still identified in Kg. Datuk Keramat. • There is no provision of bicycle storage. •
0/3
3 scores maximum (LEED) TOTAL
10/24
4.3.9 SECTORAL CONCLUSION To summarize, Kg. Datuk Keramat as an urban traditional village in Kuala Lumpur, it is well served with road network and public transit connectivity. The study area still shows the characteristic of a village which the roads tend to be too narrow and are not in compliance with the current standard guideline. Therefore, traffic congestions are common to occur especially at Pasar Keramat intersections because of the commercial activities and at Bukit Keramat intersections due to the high-density development, this even worsen by the presence of on-street parking. In terms of public transit, the study area seems to be integrated with the public transportation system of Kuala Lumpur, where there are 3 LRT Kelana Jaya line stations accessible from study area as well as the variety of bus services. However, even though the major roads are already provided with pedestrian walkway, but the lack of crosswalks at the intersections create a discontinuity of walkway in the study area. The absence of cycling facilities in the study area shows that the lifestyle of this transport mode is not common among the residents. Lastly, the amount of both on-street and off-street parking provision indicates that the study area shows less contribution in the efforts of reducing private vehicle dependency to lower the carbon emission for a more sustainable city. 4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
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4.4
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY The definition of environment as referred to the Environmental Quality Act 1974 is the physical factors of the surroundings of the human beings including land, water, atmosphere, climate, sound, odour, taste, the biological factors of animals and plants and the social factors of aesthetics. Another definition of environment is an ecosphere that contains ecosystems that interact with one another. The environmental study could control and reduce the risk of pollution for existing or future development. The study of this sector will help planners to understand better on the environmental condition and restrictions that exist within the study area, Kampung Datuk Keramat. The scope that is covered in this chapter are on the climatic and weather condition of the study area, the environmental quality and disaster occurrence. Aim: To study the current environmental aspects of Kampung Datuk Keramat in terms of its environmental quality and climatic conditions Objectives: 1. To study the weather and climatic conditions in Kampung Datuk Keramat. 2. To identify the existing water bodies found in Kampung Datuk Keramat. 3. To study and analyze the environmental quality of Kampung Datuk Keramat.
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4.4.1 CLIMATIC AND WEATHER CONDITION A. Temperature
Table 4.4.2: Average Monthly Temperature AVERAGE TEMPERATURE (°C)
MONTH
March ‘20
31.0
April ’20
31.0
May ‘20
30.0
June ’20
30.0
October ‘19
30.0
November ‘19
29.0
December ‘19
29.0
July ‘20
29.0
January ‘20
30.0
August ‘20
30.0
February ‘20
30.0
September ‘20
29.0
Source: worldweatheronline.com
Table 4.4.2 shows the average of monthly temperature for Kampung Datuk Keramat. The average temperature of the study area remains constant(+/-1°C). The highest recorded for average monthly temperature for the study area, Kampung Datuk Keramat, is 31.0°C in March to April 2020.
Table 4.4.1: Average Annual Temperature YEAR
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE (°C)
2016
27.0
2017
27.0
2018
27.5
2019
30.0
2020
30.0
Source: worldweatheronline.com
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Figure 4.4.1: Average Temperature Source: worldweatheronline.com
Figure 4.4.1 and Table 4.4.1 shows the average annual temperature for Kampung Datuk Keramat. The average temperature for the study area were constantly recorded at 27°C for the year 2016 and 2017. There is a slight increment in 2018 for the average temperature recorded which was 27.5°C. The annual average temperature also rose to 30°C in 2019 and it remains up until September 2020.
Figure 4.4.2 shows the daily average temperature recorded in Kampung Datuk Keramat. From the figure, it can be seen that the highest recorded average temperature for the whole week is at 34°C and the lowest recorded temperature is 24°C. The temperature recorded are often influenced by the humidity and precipitation in the area. The additional weighing factors usually caused a weather to become hotter or cooler. Figure 4.4.2: Daily Average Temperature Source: worldweatheronline.com
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Table 4.4.4: Average Monthly Wind Speed
B. Wind Speed and Direction
MONTH
AVERAGE WIND SPEED (km/h)
October ‘19
4.2
November ‘19
4.3
December ‘19
5.0
January ‘20
4.7
February ‘20
6.2
March ‘20
4.7
April ’20
4.1
May ‘20
4.4
June ’20
5.1
July ‘20
4.8
August ‘20
4.8
September ‘20
5.0
Source: worldweatheronline.com
The monthly wind speed for Kampung Datuk Keramat is as tabulated in Table 4.4.4. February recorded the highest average wind speed throughout the year with 6.2km/h. The increase in wind speed is caused by the sudden gust which usually initiated by either turbulence due to friction, wind shear or by solar heating of the ground. The lowest average wind speed recorded is in April with 4.1km/h. Table 4.4.5 below shows the effect of wind speed towards the area. Table 4.4.5: Effects of wind speed Figure 4.4.3: Average Wind Speed Source: worldweatheronline.com Table 4.4.3: Average Annual Wind Speed YEAR
AVERAGE WIND SPEED (km/h)
2016
4.1
2017
3.9
2018
4.3
2019
5.2
2020
4.9
Source: worldweatheronline.com
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Figure 4.4.3 and Table 4.4.3 shows the annual average windspeed for Kampung Datuk Keramat. The lowest mean of wind speed falls in 2017 with 3.9km/h. The mean wind speed increases in 2018 is due to sudden gust occurrence. In 2019, the wind speed peaked in January as the recorded wind speed reached 6.2km/h. The gust occurrence increases the mean wind speed for the year and 5.2km/h is the mean wind speed for 2019. The mean calculated until September 2020 is 4.9km/h.
Description
Mean Wind Speed (km/h)
Calm
< 1 km/h
Appearance of Wind Effects On a tree
Still
On land
Visual
Smokes rises vertically
Light Air
1 – 5 km/h
Smoke drifts, wind vanes remains still
Light
6 – 11 km/h
Leaves rustle
Wind felt on face, vanes begin moving
Gentle
12 – 19 km/h
Leaves move
Flag flaps
Moderate
20 – 28 km/h
Branches move
Dust and loose paper lifted
Fresh
29 – 38 km/h
Tree sways
Flags fully extended
Strong
39 – 48 km/h
Tree rumbles
Whistling wires
Source: https://blog.metservice.com/BeaufortWindScale
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C. Humidity
Figure 4.4.5: Relative humidity Source: AC & Heating Connect Table 4.4.7: Average Monthly Humidity
Table 4.4.6: Average Annual Humidity AVERAGE YEAR HUMIDITY (%) 2016
74
2017
77
2018
76
2019
72
2020
74
Source: worldweatheronline.com
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Figure 4.4.4: Average Humidity Source: worldweatheronline.com
Figure 4.4.4 and Table 4.4.6 shows the annual average humidity for Kampung Datuk Keramat. The lowest average humidity falls in 2019 with 72%. The highest recorded for the average humidity since 2016 is 77% in 2017. The average humidity recorded for 2016, 2018 and 2020 are 74%, 76% and 74% respectively. Despite different recorded average of humidity, the humidity class still classified as uncomfortably wet based on figure 4.4.5.
MONTH
AVERAGE HUMIDITY (%)
October ‘19
73
November ‘19
74
December ‘19
76
January ‘20
74
February ‘20
71
March ‘20
73
April ’20
75
May ‘20
76
June ’20
74
July ‘20
75
August ‘20
71
September ‘20
73
Table 4.4.7 shows the average monthly humidity for Kampung Datuk Keramat. The monthly average humidity for the study area is quite high where it ranges from 71% to 76%. The highest recorded average humidity was in May 2020 with 76% humidity, and the lowest recorded average humidity were in February and August 2020 with 71% humidity. The range for average humidity in the study area still exceed the comfort range and more humid environment will cause discomfort. The high humidity level also encourages the growth of mold and the production of dust mites.
Source: worldweatheronline.com Figure 4.4.6: Effects of Humidity Source: AC & Heating Connect
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D. Rainfall
Figure 4.4.8: Average Monthly Rainfall Source: worldweatheronline.com Table 4.4.9: Average Monthly Rainfall
Figure 4.4.7: Average Annual Rainfall Source: worldweatheronline.com Table 4.4.8: Average Annual Rainfall YEAR
AVERAGE RAINFALL (mm)
2016
78.67
2017
106.37
2018
240.98
2019
359.58
2020
418.50
Source: worldweatheronline.com
Figure 4.4.7 and Table 4.4.8 shows the annual average rainfall in Kampung Datuk Keramat. From both table and figure, it can be seen that the average annual rainfall has been increasing since 2016 to October 2020. The lowest recorded average rainfall was in 2016 which was 78.67mm and the highest recorded average rainfall is in 2020 which is 418.50mm.
MONTH
AVERAGE RAINFALL (mm)
October ‘19
731.50
November ‘19
627.40
December ‘19
430.90
January ‘20
370.20
February ‘20
159.90
March ‘20
392.30
April ’20
679.00
May ‘20
605.60
June ’20
329.40
July ‘20
496.30
August ‘20
304.40
September ‘20
417.00
Source: worldweatheronline.com
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Figure 4.4.8 and Table 4.4.9 shows the monthly average rainfall in Kampung Datuk Keramat. The rainfall mean peaked in October 2019 where it shows the highest amount of rainfall recorded of 731.50mm and the lowest recorded monthly average rainfall falls in February 2020 with 159.90mm. The high amount of rainfall is associated to the climate change. The rainfall amount is affected by the sea temperature. As climate change increases the surrounding temperature , it also increases the sea temperature. The increment of temperature causes more water to be evaporated and become water vapor –clouds-. And when releasing the heat, it rains. More water vapor creates more clouds and hence induced more amount of rainfall. The amount of rainfall produced in every month have exceed the normal average rainfall for Kuala Lumpur which is 207.17mm.
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E. UV Index
Figure 4.4.10: Average Monthly UV Index Source: worldweatheronline.com Table 4.4.11: Average Monthly UV Index
Figure 4.4.9: Average UV Index Source: worldweatheronline.com Table 4.4.10: Average Annual UV index YEAR
AVERAGE UV INDEX
2016
7
2017
7
2018
7
2019
7
2020
7
Source: worldweatheronline.com
The UV Index is a forecast of the amount of skin-damaging UV radiation expected to reach the earth's surface at the time when the sun is highest in the sky. Figure 4.4.9 and Table 4.4.10 shows the annual average UV Index for Kampung Datuk Keramat. Data shows that the UV Index for the study area has remained constant for the past five years. However the UV Index for the study area is classified as high. The effect of high UV Index is as shown in Table 4.4.12
AVERAGE UV INDEX
October ‘19
6
November ‘19
6
December ‘19
8
January ‘20
6
February ‘20
8
March ‘20
7
April ’20
6
2 or less
Low
May ‘20
7
3 to 5
June ’20
6
Moderat e
6 to 7
High
July ‘20
6
High risk sun exposure
August ‘20
6
8 to 10
Very High
Very high risk of sun exposure
September ‘20
7
11 or higher
Extreme
Extreme risk of sun exposure
Source: worldweatheronline.com
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Figure 4.4.10 and Table 4.4.11 shows the monthly average UV Index for Kampung Datuk Keramat. The UV Index of the study area remains in the high and very high scale. The lowest UV index is 6 and the highest is 8. Table 4.4.12 below shows the level of UV Index and its effect.
MONTH
Table 4.4.12: Average Monthly UV Index UV Index
Rating
Description No danger to the average person Little risk of sun exposure
Source: www.kookaburranet.com
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4.4.2 EXISTING GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES AND WATER BODIES
b. Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat
A. Water Bodies a. Sungai Klang The important water body that can be found within the study area is the Klang river. The Klang river is part of the Klang river basin that is located on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and in central Selangor. The length of the basin is 120 km (80 km) within the State of Selangor and 40 km within the Kuala Lumpur City Hall area. It has a total area of 1,288 km² which covers most parts of the state of Selangor and the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. Figure 4.4.11 and 4.4.12. shows part Klang River that exist the study area, Kampung Datuk Keramat. From the said figures below the river in the study area have certainly narrowed as it is impacted by its surrounding development. Figure 4.4.13: Lake in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat Source: mdfaiez84.com
There is another important water bodies in the study area, Kampung Datuk Keramat, which is the lake located in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat. The mentioned water bodies is located to the eastern part of the study area. The man-made lake serve as the water features for the open space meant for recreational purposes. Figure 4.4.13 and 4.4.14 shows the existing condition for the lake in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat. Figure 4.4.11: Sungai Klang in between AKLEH Source: nst.com.my
Figure 4.4.12: Sungai Klang in between AKLEH Source: Department of Environment
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Figure 4.4.14: Lake in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat Source: mdfaiez84.com
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B. Topography Topography is the study of the land surface. It lays the underlying foundation of a landscape. For example, topography refers to mountains, valleys, rivers or craters on the surface. Topography also related closely to contour line. Contour line connect points of equal elevation. Reading contours help to interpret height, slope and shape in topographic maps. If contours are close together, the slope is steep. But when the contours are spread apart, means the slope is more gradual. Contour line which is less than 150m is classified as low land, 150-300m is classified as hill land while 300-1000m is classified as highland. As for the study area, the topography that exist consists of several level of which are portrayed in Plan 4.4.2. The highest topography that is identified from the contour lines is 73m which positioned at the eastern north of Kampung Datuk Keramat. The lowest topography identified is 33m. Referring to Figure 4.4.15, these are the pinpoints of locations showing the existence of topography slopes in the area. The five locations that are pinpointed on the figure consisted of Jalan Keramat Hujung, Persiaran Keramat Hujung, Jalan Bukit Keramat and Lorong Keramat.
N.T.S
Figure 4.4.15 : Topography Locations Source: Virtual Site Visit
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4.4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY A. Water Quality a. River Water Quality To analyze and assess the quality of water bodies, the water quality index (WQI) is used. This categorizes the quality of the water into several different classes according to their level of cleanliness or pollution. The WQI ranges from around 93 to 30, with 5 classes of water which are; clean, slightly polluted, mildly polluted, polluted and very polluted. This is shown in table 4.4.13.
2008
66
III
Mildly Polluted
2009
63
III
Mildly Polluted
2010
65
III
Mildly Polluted
2011
78
II
Slightly Polluted
2012
71
III
Mildly Polluted
2013
72
III
Mildly Polluted
2014
73
III
Mildly Polluted
Source: IRBM Klang River Basin 2016 - 2021
Table 4.4.13: Water Quality Index levels Class
Water Quality Index (WQI)
Status
1
> 92.7
Clean
2
76.5 – 92.7
Slightly Polluted
3
51.9 – 76.5
Mildly Polluted
4
31.0 – 51.9
Polluted
5
< 31.0
Very Polluted
Explanation
Water Quality Index for Sungai Klang
In natural condition, does not require treatment Water need conventional treatment; for fisheries purpose (sensitive aquatic species); water can be used for recreational Water need intensive treatment. Just for irrigation purposes
90
78
80 70 60
64 56
61
66
63
65
2009
2010
71
72
73
2012
2013
2014
53
50 40 30
Very polluted water. Source: Department of Environment
As for the water quality index for Sungai Klang a proper laboratory test cannot be run as the river in the study area is unreachable and also the water quality cannot be tested as the study is done virtually. The data are all obtained from past report which in this study, IRBM Klang River Basin is chose as a reference for the data on the water quality. Table 4.4.14 below shows the obtained data for water quality index for Sungai Klang.
20 10 0 2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2011
Chart 4.4.1: Water Quality Index for Sungai Klang Source: IRBM Klang River Basin 2016 - 2020
Table 4.4.14: Water Quality Index for Sungai Klang Year
Water Quality Index (WQI)
Class
Status
2004
56
III
Mildly Polluted
2005
53
III
Mildly Polluted
2006
64
III
Mildly Polluted
2007
61
III
Mildly Polluted Continue
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The chart shows the water quality index within 10 years, from 2004 to 2014 the WQI for the Klang River has undergo some mild fluctuations. The lowest recording was in 2005 of 53, and the highest was in 2011 at 78. At the lowest of 53 WQI, this was just barely within the class III mildly polluted category. As for the rest of the years, they were all well within the class III mildly polluted category. The only recorded year with class II slightly polluted was in 2011. DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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b. Water Parameter Agent
pH
There are six parameters that are measured and evaluated to determine the quality of water for Klang River. The six parameters are as listed in Table 4.4.15 below. Table 4.4.15: Water Parameter Agent
Total Suspended Solid (TSS)
>7
6–7
5–6
<5
<5
mg/ l
< 25
25 – 50
50 – 150
150 – 300
> 300
Source: IRBM Klang River Basin 2016 - 2021
PARAMETER
EXPLANATION
Biological Oxygen Demand
Takes the reading based on the amount of organic substances pollutant that are caused by domestic waste and agricultural industry such as rubber and palm oil factories.
Chemical oxygen demand
The concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand is affected by domestic waste that contain a lot of organic substances.
Ammoniacal Nitrogen
It is produced from livestock waste and used fertilizers that were dumped in the river.
Dissolved Oxygen
The dissolved oxygen (DO) is oxygen that is dissolved in water. The oxygen dissolves by diffusion from the surrounding air; aeration of water that has tumbled over falls and rapids; and as a waste product of photosynthesis.
Biological (BOD)
pH concentration
The measurement of alkalinity and pH is needed to determine the corrosivity of the water.
Chemical (COD)
Total suspended solid
The total suspended solid is produced by the degradation of the riverbanks and sand mining activities which usually operated in Langat River.
And as for the study, the classification of water parameter for Sungai Klang are extracted from the current data from IRBM report. Table 4.4.17 below shows the water parameter recorded for Sungai Klang. Table 4.4.17: Parameter Trend for Klang River
The parameter are then classified into classes that are based on the score from the water test. The score and classification of the classes for the water parameter are as in Table 4.4.16.
Class Oxygen
Unit
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
Class 5
Ammoniacal Nitrogen
mg/l
< 0.1
0.1 – 0.3
0.3 – 0.9
0.9 – 2.7
> 2.7
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)
mg/l
<1
1–3
3–6
6 – 12
> 12
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
mg/l
< 10
10 – 25
25 – 50
50 – 100
> 100
Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
mg/l
>7
5–7
3–5
1–3
<1 Continue
Demand
Class Oxygen
Demand
Class Total suspended solid (TSS) Class Ammoniacal Nitrogen Class pH
Table 4.4.16: Classification of water quality index (Parameter based)
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Year
Parameter
Source: IRBM Klang River Basin 2016 - 2021
Parameter
-
Class Dissolved Oxygen
2015
2016
III
III
4.5
5.1
II
II
17.6
19.2
I
I
14.3
19.2
IV
IV
1.2
2.5
II
I
6.6
7.1
I
II
7.4
5.7
Source: IRBM Klang River Basin 2016 - 2021
Based on Table 4.4.17, the parameter of Biological Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Total Suspended Solid and Ammoniacal Nitrogen remains in the same class for the 2 years. The pH level however improved from Class II to Class I and for the parameter of Dissolved Oxygen changes in class from Class I to Class II. DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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B. Air Quality
Table 4.4.19: Daily AQI
Table 4.4.18: Air Quality Index for Kampung Datuk Keramat for 2018 - 2019 Year
Air Quality Index (WQI)
Days
2018
0 – 25
26
25 – 50
201
50 – 75
128
75 – 100
6
100 – 125
0
125 – 150
0
150 – 175
0
175 - 200
0
0 – 25
150
25 – 50
1
50 – 75
140
75 – 100
25
100 – 125
2
125 – 150
5
150 – 175
7
175 - 200
1
0 – 25
43
25 – 50
251
50 – 75
3
75 – 100
0
100 – 125
0
125 – 150
0
150 – 175
0
175 - 200
0
2019
2020
Table 4.4.20: AQI Level
Date
Air Quality Index (AQI)
November 1st
51
2nd
61
November 3rd
59
November 4th
31
November 5th
75
November 6th
81
November 7th
81
November
Source: iqair.com
AQI Level
Numerical Value
Good
0 to 50
Moderate
51 to 100
Unhealthy
101 to 200
Very Unhealthy
201 to 300
Hazardous
> 301
Source: Department of Environment
Table 4.4.18 shows the number of days that according to air quality index recorded for Kampung Datuk Keramat. From table 1, also referring to the Air Quality Index level, in 2018, the air quality index recorded for the study area is considered good as majority of days for the respective year recorded a good reading of air quality index. As for 2019, majority of days still recorded good to moderate level of air quality, however, there are some days that record readings that reached to unhealthy level. And as for the latest record, 2020, the recording on the air quality index remains in the good to moderate class. Table 4.4.19 shows the daily air quality index for Kampung Datuk Keramat. The highest recorded air quality index within 7 days period is 81 and the lowest recorded is 31. Despite the differences of the air quality index reading, the level of air quality index for the study area remains in the good to moderate level.
Source: aqicn.org
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C. Disaster Occurrence In Kampung Datuk Keramat
b. Landslides occurrence
a. Flashfloods occurrence
Figure 4.4.18: Building collapse due to sediment Source: Harian Metro Figure 4.4.16: Flashfloods in Kampung Datuk Keramat Source: MAIWP Facebook Page & Malaysia Gazette
Flashfloods occurrence seem to be an often issue that occurs in the study area Kampung Datuk Keramat and the latest incident of flashfloods occurrence is dated 17th of November 2020. According to an article wrote in the Malaysia Gazette, it is said that the latest incident of flashfloods was caused by yet an unknown cause. The article also stated that they urge Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur to acknowledge and dig further deeper into the recent occurrence of flashfloods. The flashfloods incident are said to be a common thing within the study area as the occurrence of flashflood has been going on for about 20 years. The main cause of the flashflood is said to be the issues and problem of the local drainage system itself
The landslide occurrence in the study area does not associated with the natural phenomenon. The cause of the landslides and collapsing of buildings is associated with the pumphouse project initiated by Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur in order to tackle the issues of flash flood. The collapsing building is said to be specifically caused by the collection of water underneath the building and causes sediment towards the soil. The issue was then already taken care by the local authority by ensuring the stability of the soil structure before proceeding on restructuring collapsed building. The project was said to be taken care within 2 – 4 weeks from the date reported.
The acknowledgement of the local authority upon the issue has brought up several resolve and one of the initiatives to tackle the issue on reoccurring flashfloods is that a project of pumphouse was kicked off. The project with the cost of RM1.4m kicked off in 19 December 2019.
Figure 4.4.17: Flashfloods in Kampung Datuk Keramat Source: Malaysia Gazette
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Figure 4.4.19: Shophouses that are affected by the soil sediment caused by pumphouse project Source: MAIWP Facebook Page
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4.4.4 INDICATOR ASSESSMENT Table 4.4.21: Indicator Assessment (Environmental Study) DIMENSION 7 – SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY THEME
INSTRUCTION
ST1 – Environmental Quality
SCORE
REMARKS
ST1-P1 River Quality Status The score for the river quality status is through the classification of river water quality class which has been divided into three categories: o Class I: Not Polluted (WQI of >92.7) = 3 scores o Class II: Slightly Polluted (WQI of 76.5 – 92.7) and Class III: Mildly Polluted (WQI of 51.9 – 76.5) = 2 scores o Class IV: Polluted (WQI of 31.0 – 51.9) and Class V: Extremely Polluted (WQI of < 31.0) = 1 score
✓
The score for the river quality status is based on the data obtained on the Klang River quality. And from the data that has been analysed, the water quality for Klang River has recorded data that are classified under Class II and III which gives of a score of two out of three. • To obtained a score of three out of three, the water quality of Klang River must achieve a Class 1 river which scores above 92.7 for the Water Quality Index.
• 2/3
(MURNINets) ST1-P2 River Quality Status The score for the air quality status is through the equation of (A÷365)×100 which A refers to numbers of days that have good and moderate air quality index throughout a year.
✓ o ≥ 80% days = 3 scores
o 60% - 79% days = 2 scores o ≤ 59% days = 1 score
Majority of days throughout 3 years of data on the air quality index shows that most days recorded a good to moderate level of air quality index. The days that recorded a good to moderate level of air quality index equals to more than 80%. The calculation is as shown below:• 2018: (365/365) x 100 = 100% • 2019: (316/365) x 100 = 86.58% • 2020: (297/297) x 100 = 100% • Average percentage of days with good to moderate air quality index: (100% + 86.58% + 100%) /3 = 95.52% •
3/3
(MURNINets) Continue…
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DIMENSION 7 – SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY THEME
INSTRUCTION
ST2 – Risk Management
SCORE
REMARKS
2/3
From observation through desktop study, there are three initiatives that are done in order to tackle the issues on disaster risk. And to match with the scoring criteria, it is classified in score 2 as the numbers of initiative lies in between 2 – 4. • The initiatives taken in order to tackle the issues are such as:• The encouragement for the non-governmental parties to join in helping the people that are affected by the disaster • The pumphouse project is initiated to tackle the issue of flashfloods • Thorough inspection is done before restructuring the building that are affected by the pumphouse project.
ST2 – P1 Numbers of initiative implemented and managed on disaster risk The numbers of initiatives on the disaster risk is measured by the numbers of incentives that have been done for the area, the scores are as below:
•
o ≥ 5 (very satisfying) = 3 scores
✓ o 2 - 4 (satisfying) = 2 scores o 1 (unsatisfying) = 1 score (MURNINets) ST3 – Environmental Management
ST3 – P1 Ecosystems and Open Space Criteria (1 score for each):
✓ o Does not build on wetlands or water
bodies and leaves buffers of undeveloped land around them. o Does not build on floodplains o implements a long-term (at least 10 years), fully funded management plan for onsite wetlands and water bodies.
✓
• 2/3
• •
The score is based on the criteria met. It is determined that there’s no buffer on the development along Klang River. Hence, the score is not given. From observation and desktop study done, it is found that the study area is not built on floodplains. Hence, one score is given as the criteria is met. There is a project that is implemented by the local government for a long term on river revitalization called: River of Life. The score is given as the criteria for long-term project for water bodies is fulfilled.
3 scores maximum (LEED) TOTAL
9/12
4.4.4 SECTORAL CONCLUSION Environmental stability is very crucial to be considered in any decision-making process. This development appraisal and audit report aims to highlight the importance of environmental study in appraising the development. For this environmental study section, the section discusses on the climatic and weather condition, assessing on the existing geographical landscapes and water bodies and also on the current environmental quality for the study area, Kampung Datuk Keramat, and. The information to be assessed and appraised in order to acknowledge the current condition of the area and whether the existing condition can uphold future developments. As for the environmental study, a conclusion that can be made from the assessing and data analyzation, a crucial issue that currently occurring in the area is the flashfloods occurrence. The issue was caused by many factors and the environmental factors that weigh in are on the climatic weather and condition which is highlighted in the rainfall amount section. The appraisal done for this section uses two indicator of which have been adapted to the current study area, which are MURNINets and LEED Indicator. The indicator and scoring are done according to the suitability of the indicator with the study area. 4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
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HERITAGE & CULTURAL STUDY 4.5
More than 50 years, the terms of Kg. Datuk Keramat has been sentimental to the locals and some people who usually visits the area. Heritage is important because it can help to shape an identity, and heritage becomes part of the communities. Heritage study can provide about the past stories and how the society has evolved. The historical background of Kg, Datuk Keramat can be identified based on other studies made by a researcher who involved in residential of Kg. Datuk Keramat. It might be challenging for Kg, Datuk Keramat to preserve their traditional village and identity. Therefore, the heritage and cultural identity need an important tool to protect them. In this study, the criteria made by DBKL is used to assess the extent to which Kg. Datuk Keramat achieve the traditional village criteria. The criteria are land use activities, Malay Reserved Land, traditional house architecture, and the visual quality of the village. Aim: To assess the physical and non-physical qualities which are attributable to the identity and structure of Kg. Datuk Keramat Objectives: 1. To study the historical background of Kg. Datuk Keramat 2. To identify the urban heritage features in Kg. Datuk Keramat 3. To identify the cultural identity in Kg. Datuk Keramat
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4.5.1. KAMPUNG DATUK KERAMAT HISTORICAL BACKGROUND A. History of Kg. Datuk Keramat
B. Malay Reserved Land
The settlement area in Kg. Datuk Keramat was predicted to exist during 1857 where the area was found to be the main tin mining site in Selangor. In 1957, the population is increasing because of some Malay families in Kampung Baru moved into the area. That’s when the name ‘Kg. Datuk Keramat' have arisen after the name of a grave of a person who is considered sacred by the people there. However, after various nonsense actions by the people there, the grave has already been removed in the earlier of 1990s. Starting from the 1960s, the population increased even more and caused Kg. Datuk Keramat was one of the main squatter areas in Kuala Lumpur in 1971.
Based on a research made by Ani Ahmad, Kg. Datuk Keramat have been declared as Malay Reserved Land in 1957 under the Enactment 3 (1) (F.M.S. Cap. 142). The declaration of this area as MRL was made after council members in an executive meeting at the district office in 1957 agreed that this area turns into MRL. This declaration was also made due to the request of the residents themselves because they wanted to prevent the land in Kg. Datuk Keramat owned by non-Malays. In Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020, they stated that Kg. Datuk Keramat also was categorized in Malay Reserved Land and traditional village which requires meticulous attention in development planning. In achieving the goal of creating an efficient city, DBKL intends to improve the living environment in traditional villages including Kg. Datuk Keramat into the current of development so that they do not lag behind in this development. However, the latest information obtained by DBKL during their detailed review on Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2040 is Kg. Datuk Keramat never been under the category of Malay Reserved Land. While the Comprehensive Development Plan (gazetted in 1970) was planned, DBKL has identified the dominant Malay residents area and zoning Kampong Bharu and Kg. Datuk Keramat as Malay reserved land but not to the Malay Reserve land ownership. Furthermore, based on the talk session by DBKL, in terms of land ownership in Kg. Datuk Keramat, it is 100% owned by the Malays. They also said the Land and Mineral Office of Kuala Lumpur has identified the dominant in terms of land ownership by the Malays and so they will try to make the some part of the Kg. Datuk Keramat as Malay Reserve Land.
During this time, Tun Hussein Onn was just appointed as the third prime minister in 1976. He also visited Kg. Datuk Keramat and was welcomed by the villagers. Figure 4.5.1: The gateway to celebrate the arrival of the third Prime Minister, Tun Hussein Onn in 1977 Source: MyMetro, 2019
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4.5.2 HERITAGE BUILDING: RESIDENTIAL IN KG. DATUK KERAMAT Usually, traditional Malay village characterized by residential land use. In Kg. Datuk Keramat at one time, most of it was a house built by the owner itself. Therefore, Kg. Datuk Keramat is not so organized. The housing situation there shows the structure of various building materials from wood and stone blocks. Kg Datuk Keramat have been established a residential area called 'RIDA' built by the Lembaga Kemajuan dan Perusahaan Kampung (now MARA) to develop the economy of the Malays. This house was first occupied in December 1957. After 43 years, there have been some changes that have occurred to the original structure of the house 'RIDA' in Kg. Datuk Keramat. A. The Original Structure of the Housing Chimney placed in the kitchen section The roof of the house is made of asbestos roof There is a veranda at the front of the house
Kitchen The houses in this area are low cost houses. The original structure of this house is made of wood that has been tanalised. The interior structure of the house contains the division of the room separated by a hard board. The total area of the house unit are varies according to the condition of the house either it is located at side or middle.
Stairs to enter the main door in front of the house Figure 4.5.2 : Side elevation of the original ‘RIDA’ house Source: Ani Ahmad, 2000
Based on the Figure 4.5.3 , it is a reflection of the original design of the ‘RIDA’ housing. It is a village and has been organized in an order. That is why Kg. Datuk Keramat today is a well-organized condition compared to other village areas. However, ‘RIDA’ housing suffers from several disadvantages which is the wooden structure. Although it has only been built for three years, it was found that the wood has rotted and some have caused the position of the house to be tilted due to broken house poles. Therefore, there are various changes that have taken place in the appearance of the house.
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Figure 4.5.3 : The design of the original ‘RIDA’ house Source: Ani Ahmad, 2000
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B. The Housing Transformation The phenomenon of house alterations has increased when the structure of the house has deteriorated due to weather factors such as heavy rain and so on which has spanned more than decades. Almost all houses in Kg. Datuk Keramat has changed completely from its original form. Among the changes made are the addition of rooms, the expansion of the kitchen, living room and the front house.
Figure 4.5.6 : The design after the house transformation 1 Source: Google 2020
• Changes at the front structure: Stairs are removed, veranda are still being created, and there are some houses with parking sidewalks porch • Change in the middle part: Addition of room • Changes in the kitchen: The kitchen is enlarged, the kitchen is connected to the toilet. Nowadays, there are various types of houses that have been completely transformed by the house owner. Among them are single storey terrace house, two storey terrace house, bungalow, apartment house and others. However, there are houses where the structure is partly made of wood and partly used by brick stone. The renovation that has taken place shows that there are interiors of houses in this area that look so comfortable and modern compared to the original structure.
Alterations to the front house by building fences and walls for security purposes
Figure 4.5.7 : The design after the house transformation 2 Source: Google 2020
Alterations to the front house by building fences and parking but still retaining the village design
Figure 4.5.8 : The design after the house transformation 3 Source: Google 2020
Alterations to the front house by building fences and porch on the side of the house as a car park. Figure 4.5.4 : The design after the house transformed completely Source: Google 2020
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4.5.3. CULTURAL IDENTITY
6.30% 13.30%
A. Pasar Keramat
Chart 4.5.1 shows majority of the respondents (83.30%) consider Pasar Keramat is important for the locals. This is because they can easily get foods, fishes, groceries and many other things at the nearest of their houses.
83.30%
Yes
Maybe
No
Chart 4.5.1: Respondent opinion toward the importance of Pasar Keramat Source: Questionnaire Survey, 2020
B. Heritage Craft: Songkok
Figure 4.5.9 : Inside of Pasar Keramat Source: Google
Pasar Keramat was inaugurated by Tun Hussein Onn in 1977. Before Pasar Keramat established, the area used to be a former mining site and flea market. Since then, Pasar Keramat has attracted many people because there are various food dishes can be found there especially when every time the month of Ramadan and Eid comes, Kg. Datuk Keramat turns into a food festival. Pasar Keramat was the main market in Kuala Lumpur in the past and still receives many visitors today. For most of residents who stays in Kg. Datuk Keramat, Pasar Keramat is the most historical place for them in the area. For them, Pasar Keramat is the place where they can get anything in cheaper price and easier for them to reach the place. Based on the questionnaire given, a respondent said that Pasar Keramat once had a fire in part of the area, and many people helped to repair it. This shows that Pasar Keramat is an identity to the village and is very valuable and important to the locals.
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Figure 4.5.10: Bachtiar sewing a songkok at his shop at the Urban Transformation Centre in Keramat Source: Affan Fauzi, 2019
Kedai Songkok which located in Mini UTC Keramat is the shop that still keep heritage craft alive. The maker, Bachtiar Mustafa, 82 decide to take up the trade after he learnt to make the songkok during 1980s in Kg. Baru. Before the shop is in Mini UTC Keramat, Bachtiar was opened his first Kedai Songkok in Pasar Keramat. He opened the shop for more than 40 years in Kuala Lumpur. He always received order every years when the season of Aidilfitri and Aidil Adha and songkok orders will increase compared to the normal days.
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4.5.4 INDICATOR ASSESSMENT Table 4.5.1: Indicator Assessment Heritage and Urban Design DIMENSION 1 – HERITAGE IDENTITY AND URBAN DESIGN THEME HU1 – Traditional Village Criteria
INSTRUCTION
SCORE
REMARKS
HU1-P1 Land Use Activity Population Density : o < 200 people per = 3 scores o 200 – 300 people per Km2= 2 scores o >300 people per Km2= 1 score Km2
✓
1/3
• HU1-P1 = Population Density = Kg. Datuk Keramat population ÷ Land Area = (5,967÷1.11 km sq) = 5,375 people/km sq •
Based on the result obtained, the population density in Kg Datuk Keramat is higher than the actual population density for village population density.
•
Kg. Datuk Keramat is not declared as a Malay Reserved Land
(DBKL) HU1-P2 Malay Reserved Land Received status as a Malay Reserved Land (3 scores)
0/3
(DBKL) HU1-P3 Traditional House Architecture Traditional house percentage of total landed residential: o > 80% = 3 scores o 50% - 80% = 2 scores o < 50% = 1 score
✓
(DBKL)
1/3
• HU1-P3 = (A÷B) × 100 = (355÷1197) × 100 = 29.7% Where: A = Total number of traditional house B = Total number of housing in Kg. Datuk Keramat •
Based on the result, the architecture of village in Kg. Datuk Keramat not achieves the highest score because most of the houses was transformed completely by the house owner. Continue
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DIMENSION 1 – HERITAGE IDENTITY AND URBAN DESIGN THEME
INSTRUCTION
SCORE
REMARKS
HU1-P4 Visual Quality and Attraction
•
Criteria:
•
o Availability of river or water body elements ✓ o Public square or open space for leisure activities for the ✓ village community o Views of the streets or small alleys that presents the image ✓ of the village o The scenery and atmosphere of the village is still strong and not affected by planned development o The surrounding scenery (outside the village) becomes the landscape background for the village which includes natural elements or unique human constructions.
• • •
✓
Scoring: o 5 achieved criteria = 3 score o 3-4 achieved criteria = 2 scores o 1-2 achieved criteria = 1score
In this instruction, there are 3 criteria achieved by Kg. Datuk Keramat which are the first, second and fifth criteria. There is a lake in Taman Tasik Datuk Keramat which where it has always been a place of recreation for the public not only in Kg. Datuk Keramat, but from the surrounding are also such as Titiwangsa and Setiawangsa The views of the narrow road in Kg. Datuk Keramat represents Kg. Datuk Keramat as an older village neighbourhood However, the village’s atmosphere is not strong enough to portray Kg. Datuk Keramat as a traditional village. Perhaps it is due to the pressure of the surrounding development. However, from the point of Kg. Datuk Keramat area, the landscape background of Kuala Lumpur City can be seen clearly which contributes one score to the assessment (Refer to Figure 4.5.11).
2/3
✓
(DBKL)
Figure 4.5.11: Background landscape of Kuala Lumpur City Source: Google 2020
Continue
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DIMENSION 1 – HERITAGE IDENTITY AND URBAN DESIGN THEME HU2 – Urban Design Quality
INSTRUCTION
SCORE
REMARKS
HU2-P1 Cultural Identity and Urban Design Quality Criteria (One score for each): o Development should respond to special character precincts o Corners and special sites should provide landmarks to improve the distinctiveness of the neighbourhood o Artworks and local activities which reflects local identity and cultures are encouraged
✓
1/3
✓
3 scores maximum (VISTA)
TOTAL
In general, traditional villages are always associated with their own identity. But unfortunately, Kg. Datuk Keramat does not have a very strong identity. This can also be due to its location located in the centre of Kuala Lumpur City where its growth is moving rapidly. • A score is given on the second criterion which is a landmark located in a corner or a prominent site to highlight a community. Landmarks that can be seen is the Keramat Market (Pasar Keramat) which is always visited by locals and also visitors. • Thus, the development needs to respond considerately to those cultural identity and strengthen the distinctiveness of Kg. Datuk Keramat neighbourhoods. •
5/15
4.5.5 SECTORAL CONCLUSION Conservation and preservation the heritage are not only to the building, but also to the surrounding area and community. To make a more liveable traditional village, there are four criteria need to be achieved based on the guideline set by DBKL which are land use activities, Malay Reserved Land, traditional house architecture, and the visual quality of the village. However, Kg. Datuk Keramat do not achieved the full criteria. Because it is located in the middle of the thriving city of Kuala Lumpur, possibly kg. Datuk Keramat has also followed the current of development without maintaining their characteristics and identity. Other than that, the study area has Pasar Keramat which always attracts people from the outside for most of the years to get their daily needs. This can be an advantage and opportunity for the locals to boost their economy. Thus, it is very important to preserve and enhance it to become local and tourist spot. If the community do not take consideration about the Pasar Keramat, then they will lose the opportunities and identity features of Kg, Datuk Keramat
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4.6
MARKET STUDY 4.1. Land Use
Market study aims to understand, describe and project the interactivity of supply and demand for properties in the existing marketplace. Market study is important to get into insights of the current market activity, competitor, on going market trend, demographic and the pattern of consumers’ transaction on the property. The market study will be focusing on the property outlook and market overview of residential property at local level of Kg. Datuk Keramat as well as on the competitor analysis between Kg. Datuk Keramat with properties of nearby or other neighborhoods. Aim: To study the current and future property market situation and trend in Kampung Datuk Keramat. Objectives: 1. To identify the overview of market activity at national, state and local level 2. To analyze the property market competition between Kampung Datuk Keramat and surrounding neighborhood.
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4.6.1 KG. DATUK KERAMAT RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY OUTLOOK A. Sale Price
Table 4.6.1: Sale Price By Property Type
The data for sale price is obtained through desktop study from the website of Edge Prop. Refer to the Chart 4.6.1, it shows the median sale price of residential property in area Keramat is at RM584,859 per unit or RM382 per square feet, which the 25% of the properties has the sale price of RM450,00 per unit or RM210 per square feet, meanwhile the sale price of 75% of the property is RM700,00 per unit or RM484,000 per square feet. Furthermore, by considering the comparison with State average in terms of average sale price (psf). Keramat average sale price is at RM317 per square feet which is 23% less than the average sale price of Kuala Lumpur at RM415 per square feet (Refer to Chart 4.6.2). Median Sale In Keramat
RM450,000/unit RM210 (PSF)
RM700,000/unit RM484 (PSF)
Average Sale Price Psf State Average
415
Area Average
317 200
MEDIAN PRICE PER UNIT (RM)
Detached House, Semi-detached House, and Terrace House
179
680,000
Zone B
Detached House
248
1,500,000
Gurney Heights
Condominium /Apartment
394
428,500
361
515,000
Chymes @ Gurney
659
545,000
The Haute
604
604,718
75%
RM584,859/unit RM382 (PSF)
100
MEDIAN PRICE PSF (RM)
Source: Edgeprop.my
Chart 4.6.1: Median Sale in Keramat Source: Edgeprop.my
0
PROPERTY TYPE
Zone A
Villa Pawana
MEDIAN
25%
PROPERTY
300
400
Based on Edge Prop, the landed property in the study area is divided into Zone A and Zone B, meanwhile there are 4 stratified properties being considered; Gurney Heights, Villa Pawana, Chymes @ Gurney, and the Haute. Refer to Table 4.6.1, as for landed property, Zone B has a higher median sale price which is RM248 per square feet or RM1,500,000 per unit, this is almost twice as much of Zone A, which the median sale price is RM179 per square feet or RM680,000 per unit. Furthermore, for condominium or apartment, it can be seen that The Haute has higher median sale price per unit, at RM604,718, followed by Chymes @ Gurney with RM545,000. On the other hand, Chymes @ Gurney has the highest median sale price per square feet which is at RM659 and followed by The Haute at RM604.
500
Chart 4.6.2: Sale Price State and Study Area Source: Edgeprop.my
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B. Transaction Prices
C. Resale Analysis
The transaction prices of the residential properties are analyzed based on the latest property transactions by types. Refer to Table 4.6.2, the landed properties have a smaller transacted sale price per square feet than the stratified properties. For landed properties, Zone B is still at much higher sale price compared to Zone A which is at RM260 per square feet for Zone B and RM112 for Zone A. This significant difference of sale price of landed residential property is much probably due to Zone B mostly consists of detached houses. Meanwhile for condominium/apartment, Chymes @ Gurney also still has the highest transaction sale price per square feet which is, RM676 this number is twice more than the Gurney Heights at RM374.
The residential property resale is analyzed using Comparative Market Dara approach which is one technique to estimate the market value. It measures sale price of the property over time by assuming there were no other changes to the property. The analysis is conducted based on property types: detached and condominium, by taking 2 transactions of property of different period of time, thus, any variance in price means the changes over time. 𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 − 𝑂𝑙𝑑 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 ÷ 𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 × 100 = % ÷ #𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑠 = %/𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ a. Detached House Table 4.6.3: Resale Analysis Detached
Table 4.6.2: Property Transaction DATE
LOT SIZE
Detached House, Semidetached House, and Terrace House
06/01/2020
4,295 ft²
Dato Keramat Hujung
Detached House
28/08/2019
Gurney Heights
Condominium /Apartment
13/01/2020
1,389 ft²
374
520,000
Villa Pawana
27/11/2018
1,195 ft²
444
530,000
Chymes @ Gurney
15/01/2020
710 ft²
676
480,000
The Haute
08/08/2019
1,001 ft²
604
604,718
PROPERTY Kampung Datuk Keramat
PROPERTY TYPE
PROPERTY A
7,320 ft²
PRICE PSF (RM) 112
260
PRICE PER UNIT (RM) 480,000
1,900,000
Source: Edgeprop.my
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
PROPERTY B
Address
XXX, Lorong Keramat 5
XXX, Lorong Keramat 5
Property Type
Detached House
Detached House
Tenure
Leasehold
Leasehold
Rooms
5
5
Lot Size
3,003 ft²
3,003 ft²
Price (RM/Unit)
280,000
220,000
Price (RM/ft)
93
73
Transaction Date
18 Jul 2017
19 Jun 2018 Source: Edgeprop.my
220,000 − 280,000 ÷ 280,000 × 100 = −21.4% ÷ 11 = −1.94%/𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ Refer to Table 4.6.3, both properties have similar physical characteristic, because the data on the address is unknown, hence, both might be the same property. Based on the calculation on resale analysis, it shows that the property sale price indicates a decline percentage, during the 11 months period, the sale price decrease by -1.94% per month. Hence, by multiplying the percentage thereof with 12 months, the sale price of the property declines by -23.28% over one year. DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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b. Condominium
4.6.2 COMPETITION ANALYSIS
Table 4.6.4: Resale Analysis Condominium PROPERTY A
PROPERTY B
Address
XXX, Jalan Bukit Keramat
XXX, Jalan Bukit Keramat
Property Type
Condominium
Condominium
Tenure
Freehold
Freehold
Rooms
3
3
Level
13
1
Lot Size
1,410 ft²
1,410 ft²
Price (RM/Unit)
600,000
570,000
Price (RM/ft)
425
404
Transaction Date
31 Dec 2018
04 Oct 2019
AREA
570,000 − 600,000 ÷ 600,000 × 100 = −5% ÷ 10 = −0.5%/𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ Refer to Table 4.6.4, both condominium property unit have similar physical characteristic, however because the data on the address is unknown, hence, both might be the same property. Similarly, based on the calculation on resale analysis, it also shows that the property sale price indicates a decline growth, during the 10 months period, the sale price decrease by -5% per 10 months or -0.5 per month. Hence, by multiplying the percentage thereof with 12 months period, the sale price of the property declines by -6% over one year. This resale negative value of this condominium property shows a much lesser than the detached houses.
-23.28%/year
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A. Neighborhood Competition Analysis Table 4.6.5: Neighborhood Competition Analysis
Source: Edgeprop.my
Detached House
The residential property market competition analysis is conducted through analyzing the neighborhood competition and the property competition according to its types; landed and stratified.
Condominium
-6%/year
PROPERTY TYPE
MEDIAN PRICE PSF (RM)
MEDIAN PRICE PER UNIT (RM)
Kg. Datuk Keramat, Kuala Lumpur
Detached House, Semidetached House, Terrace House, Flat and Condominium.
382
584,859
Titiwangsa, Kuala Lumpur
Detached House, SemiDetached House and Condominium
508
730,000
Wangsa Maju, Kuala Lumpur
Detached House, Semidetached House, Terrace House, Flat and Condominium
359
390,000
Taman Setiawangsa, Kuala Lumpur
Detached House, Semidetached House, Terrace House, Flat and Condominium
308
360,000
Source: Edgeprop.my
The analysis of residential property neighborhood competition takes into account 3 surrounding neighborhoods in Kuala Lumpur, namely; Titiwangsa, Wangsa Maju and Setiawangsa. The selection of these neighborhoods is based on the similarities on the available property types. The analysis is conducted by comparing the median sale price of residential property in Keramat with the other neighborhoods. Refer to Table 4.6.5 it shows that Keramat is the second with the highest median price after Titiwangsa. In which, Titiwangsa has the median price at RM508 per square feet and RM730,000 per unit, it shows a quite significant amount of differences with other neighborhoods. However, Kg. Datuk Keramat as an urban traditional village has a higher median price than the other 2 matured neighborhoods. This is probably due to the location of Keramat closer to the city center of Kuala Lumpur. DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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B. Landed Property Competition Analysis The landed residential property competition analysis is conducted by making a comparison of similar property types and characteristics of each neighborhoods. Refer to Table 4.6.6, the similarities found in each landed property is in terms of property type and tenure which all properties are detached houses and freehold. Meanwhile, the number of floor and rooms differs which ranges between 2 and 3 floors, and 6 and 8 rooms. Furthermore, It can be identified that Titiwangsa has the highest value of price per square feet which is at RM 818, meanwhile the price (psf) of the particular detached property in Keramat ranks as the third highest after Taman Setiawangsa, which are at RM700 and RM757, respectively. As an older neighborhood situated nearby the city center, Kg. Datuk Keramat has a relatively more low-priced in terms of price per square feet for detached property. Table 4.6.6: Landed Property Competition Analysis AREA
Keramat, Kuala Lumpur
Titiwangsa, Kuala Lumpur
Wangsa Maju, Kuala Lumpur
Taman Setiawangsa, Kuala Lumpur
PROPERTY TYPE
Detached House
Detached House
Detached House
Detached House
TENURE
Freehold
Freehold
Freehold
Freehold
FLOORS
2
2
3
3
ROOMS
8
6
8
8
BUILT-UP AREA
7,000 sq. ft.
5,500 sq. ft.
5,300 sq. ft.
9,900 sq. ft.
PRICE PSF
RM 700 per sq. ft.
RM 818.18 per sq. ft.
RM 660.38 per sq. ft.
RM 757.58 sq. ft.
PRICE PER UNIT
RM 4,900,000
RM 4,500,000
RM 3,500,000
RM 7,500,000 Source: Edgeprop.my
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C. Stratified Property Competition Analysis The similar method of analysis on landed property is also applied to this competition analysis of stratified property. Refer to Table 4.6.7, the similarities of each stratified property are also in terms of the property types and tenure, in which all the selected stratified properties are condominium and freehold. Meanwhile, the number of rooms differs which ranges between 3 and 4 rooms. Similar with the detached property, it can be identified that the price per square feet for the particular condominium in Kg. Datuk Keramat area is relatively inexpensive compare to Titiwangsa and Wangsa Maju neighborhoods. In which, Wangsa Maju with the highest value of price (psf) is at RM563, followed by Titiwangsa with RM464, Keramat with RM340 and lastly Taman Setiawangsa has RM320 psf. Table 4.6.7: Stratified Property Competition Analysis AREA
Keramat, Kuala Lumpur
Titiwangsa, Kuala Lumpur
Wangsa Maju, Kuala Lumpur
Taman Setiawangsa, Kuala Lumpur
PROPERTY TYPE
Condominium
Condominium
Condominium
Condominium
TENURE
Freehold
Freehold
Freehold
Freehold
FLOORS
-
-
-
-
ROOMS
3 rooms, 2 bathrooms and 1 parking lot
4 rooms, 2 bathrooms and 2 parking lots
3 rooms, 2 bathrooms and 2 parking lots
3 rooms, 2 bathrooms and 1 parking lot
BUILT-UP AREA
1,410 sq. ft.
1,378 sq. ft.
1,206 sq. ft.
1,173 sq. ft.
PRICE PSF
RM 340.43
RM 464.44
RM 563.02
RM 320.41
PRICE PER UNIT
RM 480,000
RM 640,000
RM 679,000
RM 375,840 Source: Edgeprop.my
4.6.3 SECTORAL CONCLUSION To summarize, there is a variety of different property types in Kg. Datuk Keramat with the different range of residential property Market sale price. In terms of landed property, zone B of the study are having relatively higher sale price compared to landed residential property at zone A. Furthermore, as an older neighborhood and an urban traditional village, Kg. Datuk Keramat has a comparatively lower sale price of the landed residential property compare to other neighborhoods. This can be proved through the declining of sale price in the resale analysis, which even both landed and stratified property show a declination of sale price.
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HYBRID INDICATOR ASSESSMENT MATRIX
4.7
4.7.1 DIMENSION ASSESSMENT MATRIX A. Hybrid Dimension 1: Heritage Identity & Urban Design
Table 4.7.2: Dimension 2 Assessment Matrix
Table 4.7.1: Dimension 1 Assessment Matrix THEME HU1 – Traditional Village Criteria
HU2 – Cultural Identity and Urban Design Quality
INDICATORS
SCORE
HU1-P1 Land Use Activity
1/3
HU1-P2 Malay Reserve Land
0/3
HU1-P3 Traditional House Architecture
1/3
HU1-P4 Visual Quality and Attraction
2/3
HU2-P1 Cultural Identity and Sense of Place
1/3
HU2-P2 Access To Place
0/3
HU2-P3 Lifestyle
3/3 TOTAL
38.1% Low Quality
THEME
INDICATORS
SCORE
LU1 – Land Use Change
LU1-P1 Percentage of Change to NonDevelopment Areas
3/3
LU2 – Urbanization Development
LU2-P1 Rate of Urbanization
3/3
LU2-P2 Public Open Space Provision
1/3
LU3 – Land Use Pattern
LU3-P1 Mixed Use
2/3 TOTAL
8/21
Heritage identity and urban design in Kg. Datuk Keramat is at low quality. This is due to the fact of Kg. Datuk Keramat has lack of identity such as they are not maintaining the traditional house architecture. Perhaps it is because of pressure by the surrounding development which is growing rapidly.
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B. Hybrid Dimension 2: Optimal Land Use
75% Moderate Optimality
9/12
Summary that can be made from hybrid dimension2 is that the land use change and urbanization development are in good score where it meets the assessment for traditional village identity to reduce the land use change of the non – built areas and low rate of urbanizations. But then, one of the issues that in the site study areas are mostly focusses on the development of housing which are 54.64% of the total land use and less of open space area which are should be 10% of the total land use while it is just 4.36% and that is why it only 1/3 for the public open space provision score.
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E. Hybrid Dimension 5: Universally Accessible Institutions and Public Facilities
C. Hybrid Dimension 3: Prosperous Community Table 4.7.3: Dimension 3 Assessment Matrix THEME KT1 – Housing Affordability (state target)
Table 4.7.5: Dimension 5 Assessment Matrix
INDICATORS
SCORE
KT1-P1 Provision of Affordable Housing (total supply)
3/3
KT1-P2 Affordable and Diverse Housing
2/2
TOTAL
100%
Prosperous Community
5/5
Kampung Datuk Keramat is a prosperous community based on the score obtained. This is due to the data of the state target, Kuala Lumpur has provided an ample amount of affordable and diverse choice of houses, making Kg. Datuk Keramat one of the best place to reside in.
THEME
INDICATORS
SCORE
PF1 – Healthy Communities
PF1-P1 Public and Recreational Facilities
PF2 – Public Facilities Location and Design
PF2-P1 Transit Oriented Locations
3/3
PF2-P2 School Location and Access
3/3
PF2-P3 Universal Design
0/3
PF3-P1 Parks and Recreation
3/3
PF3-P2 Public Park Maintenance
2/3
PF3 – Public Park Development
TOTAL
77.7%
D. Hybrid Dimension 4: Commercial Accessibility Table 4.7.4: Dimension 4 Assessment Matrix THEME
INDICATORS
SCORE
CT1 – Proximity to Commercial
CT1-P1 Proximity From Residential Areas To Commercial Areas
3/3
CT2 – Social Engagement
CT2-P1 Provision of Cultural and Art Centre Within Proximity of The Area
2/3
TOTAL
Kampung Datuk Keramat scores an 83.33% for the commercial area's accessibility where the nearest proximity of a shop to residential area is within 500m which indicates a high accessibility.
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
Moderate Universal Accessibility
3/3
14/18
Based on the assessment that has been carried out, Kg. Datuk Keramat has been scored fairly high as it ticks most of the boxes for the criteria that has been set to determine how accessible the public facilities in Kg. Datuk Keramat are. Therefore, it is justifiable to say that Kg. Datuk Keramat deserves the achievement of ‘Moderate Universal Accessibility’.
5/6
83.33%
Commercial Accessible
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F. Hybrid Dimension 6: Efficient Infrastructure and Transportation
Table 4.7.7: Dimension 7 Assessment Matrix
Table 4.7.6: Dimension 6 Assessment Matrix THEME IT1 - Utility Efficiency
INDICATORS
SCORE
IT1-P1 The Volume of Daily Domestic Water Usage per Capita
1/3
IT1-P2 Decreasing in Disruption of Water Supply Case
1/3
IT1-P3 Decreasing in Disruption of Electric Supply Case
3/3
IT1-P4 Broadband Coverage Rate
3/3
IT2 – Waste Management System
IT2-P1 Recycling Activities and Services
IT3 – Sewerage System
IT3-P1 The Percentage of Residential Gets Sewerage Service
3/3
IT4 – Linkage, Transportation and Transit
IT4-P1 Location and Linkage
3/3
IT4-P2 Number of Integrated Public Transit
2/3
IT4-P3 Public Transit Stops
1/3
IT4-P4 OKU-Accessible Transit Stops
0/3
IT5-P6 Cycling Facilities
0/3
IT4-P6 Neighborhood Walkability
1/3
IT4-P7 Safe Streets
3/3
IT4-P8 Reduce Parking Demand
0/3 TOTAL
54.76% Moderate Efficiency
G. Hybrid Dimension 7: Sustainable Environmental Quality
2/3
THEME
INDICATORS
SCORE
ST1 – Environmental Quality
ST1-P1 River Quality Status
2/3
ST1-P2 Air Quality Status
3/3
ST2 – Risk Management
IT2-P1 Numbers of Initiative Implemented and Managed on Disaster Risk
2/3
ST3 – Environmental Management
ST3-P1 Ecosystem and Open Space
2/3 TOTAL
75.00% Moderate Quality
9/12
The environmental quality for the study area, Kampung Datuk Keramat, lies in the moderate quality level. Kampung Datuk Keramat still lacks several elements that can help improve the environment within the study area and more initiatives by the local authorities are needed to tackle flooding issues there.
23/42
The efficiency of infrastructure and transportation in Kampung Datuk Keramat is at moderate level. The study area is still lacking in the provision of OKU-accessible transit stops and cycling facilities, and it shows the no performance of reducing parking facilities to reduce private vehicle dependency, as each of these shows 0 score.
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4.7.2
OVERALL HYBRID INDICATOR ASSESSMENT MATRIX Table 4.7.8: Overall Hybrid Assessment Matrix
DIMENSION
SCORE
PERCENTAGE
73/116
1
HERITAGE IDENTITY AND URBAN DESIGN
8/21
2
OPTIMAL LAND USE
9/12
3
PROSPEROUS COMMUNITY
5/5
100% (Prosperous Community)
4
COMMERCIAL ACCESSIBILITY
5/6
83.33% (Commercial Accessible)
5
UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC FACILITIES
14/18
77.7% (Moderate Universal Accessibility)
6
EFFICIENT INFRASTRUCTURE & TRANSPORTATION
23/42
54.76% (Moderate Efficiency)
7
SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
9/12
75% (Moderate Quality)
73/116
63%
TOTAL
4.0 APPRAISAL & AUDIT
TOTAL SCORE
38.1% (Low Quality) 75% (Moderate Optimality
63% MODERATE SUSTAINABILITY
From the assessment of each dimension previously discussed, the overall score indicates a total of 73 scores out of 116, which is equivalent to 63%. This obtained score indicates the sustainability status of Kg. Datuk Keramat at moderate level. The assessment shows that Kg. Datuk Keramat obtains the lowest score in Dimension 1 that is 38.1%, in which the study area has a low quality of heritage identity and urban design. The study area does not have a strong and distinctive identity, the characteristic as a traditional village may not be clearly visible due to the lack of traditional architectural village houses, this may be attributable to urbanization. However, the low quality of infrastructure and transportation that is commonly recognized in an urban traditional village, Kg. Datuk Keramat, instead, shows a moderate efficiency of infrastructure and transportation. Moreover, a sustainable traditional village should be inclusive to strengthen the social cohesion of the village community, however, the study area is lack of universal design provision, these are some of the missing components in the study area. Lastly, in order to obtain the higher sustainability status, the development of urban traditional village of Kg. Datuk Keramat must take into consideration its identity and enhance the social cohesion of the community.
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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5-1
5.1 ISSUES AND PROBLEMS
5.1.1 MOBILITY ISSUE
MOBILITY
Reduced Productivity
Road Accidents
Noise Pollution
Social Inequalities
Fuel Consumption and Air pollution
Less Social Cohesion
Effects
Based on the appraisal through analysis and assessment using the indicator tools, there are several main issues identified in Kampung Datuk Keramat; mobility issue, social and safety issue, environmental issue and the issue of identity and image quality. All of the main issues are analyzed to understand the causes as well as the results, the analysis of each issues are presented in the form of tree problem diagram or fishbone diagram, and lastly, the details of the results of the issues are elaborated.
MAIN ISSUE TRAFFIC CONGESTION
Mobility Issue
Commercial Activity
ENVIRONMENT
Low Quality of Walkway Facilities
Illegal Commercial On Walkway
Inadequate Space
High Density Development (Area Bukit Keramat)
Lack of Crosswalks
Narrow Road width
Lack of Trees or Shelters
Illegal Parking On Walkway
Causes
Busy Market Activities
IDENTITY AND IMAGE QUALITY
Issue
SOCIAL & SAFETY
LOW WALKABILITY
No Universal Design
Figure 5.1.1: Main Issues
5.0 SYNTHESIS
Chart 5.1.1: Tree Problem Diagram Mobility Issue Source: Data Analysis
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
5-2
A. Traffic Congestion
B. Lower Walkability
In Kg. Datuk Keramat, traffic congestion commonly occurs at the intersections of Pasar area and Bukit Keramat area. The traffic congestion at the intersections of Pasar area usually occurs in the afternoon time, this might be due to the commercial activities is busier during this time, the smaller road width and on-street parking worsen the congestions. Moreover, for the congestions at intersections of Bukit Keramat Area commonly happens during the evening urban commute time, this is due to the higher densities in this area and the narrow road width. This traffic congestion does not only create the discomforts to the neighborhoods, but it also contributes to the more carbon emissions.
Although the major street within Kg. Datuk Keramat is considered as adequately provided with pedestrian walkway (either one sided or 2sided walkway). However, the walkability is identified to be lower due to several factors; first, the lack of continuity of pedestrian walkway at the intersections which there is no enough provision of crosswalk facilities at the intersections; second, the issue of illegal parking and commercial activities that takes places on the pedestrian walkway, it create discontinuity and discomforts for the pedestrians; and lastly the noninclusive design of walkway which the walkway is not provided considering the OKU groups and this will lead to the inequity.
12:00 PM
8:00 PM
Intersection (Pasar Area)
Intersection (Bukit Keramat Area)
No provision of crosswalk at major 4 ways intersections. This shows the discontinuity of walkway and it is dangerous for the pedestrian in crossing the road.
Commercial activitiess, and illegal parking that take place on the walkways Figure 5.1.2: Traffic Congestion Source: Google Map
5.0 SYNTHESIS
Figure 5.1.3: Lower Walkability Source: Google Map
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
5-3
5.1.2 SOCIAL AND SAFETY ISSUE
Less accessibility during emergency
Social Crimes
ABANDONED HOUSES
INCONVENIENCE & DIFFICULTIES
Lack of Community-based Lifestyle which portrays the Traditional Village Characteristic
Effects
Inconvenience to meet the needs for public facilities
Low visual quality of neighborhood landscape
A. Lack of Open Space and Recreations Area
LESS OPPORTUNITY FOR SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT
Kampung Datuk Keramat development are very well manage and grid iron patterns. But then, to become a traditional village area it should also focusses more on the developments of the open spaces and recreations area to maintain the peacefulness to promote more engagement between the residents. Based on the survey done, development of the site study area are focusing on the housing and settlement area which are more than 50% of the total land use while only 4.36% of it are open spaces. The developments of their open spaces area are not even following the DBKL guidelines which are 10% of the developments should be open spaces area. Respond from the neighborhood also shows that majority of them are on the average level of satisfactions for the provisions of open space and recreations area.
0
Issue
Social & Safety Issue
3.33%
20.00% 23.33%
Lack of Public Facilities Provision
Lack of Open Space and Recreation Guideline Incompliance
No Guideline Provision
Causes
Inadequate Space
Informal Housing
1 2 3 4 5
Very Unsatisfied Unsatisfied Neutral Satisfied Very Satisfied
53.33%
Guideline Incompliance Chart 5.1.3: Respondent opinions on the number of Open Space and Recreations provided in Kg. Datuk Keramat Source: Questionnaire Survey 2020
No Consideration of Population Growth
Chart 5.1.2: Tree Problem Diagram Social and Safety Issue Source: Data Analysis
5.0 SYNTHESIS
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
5-4
B. Mismatch of Land Use
C. Lack Of Guidelines On Informal Houses
Based on the survey that had been done by the Iplan and DBKL existing land use, there are some mismatch of land use between the online data and real time. One of the example that the researcher can refer is the residents of site study area are using their residential area to carry out commercial activity. Even though mixed-use buildings is a good aspect that can help the people by promoting walkability and safety aspect, but then without a proper planning this issues can lead to many other problems. Such as traffic congestions, improper waste management and floods.
Many of the informal houses are built by the owner of the land itself, according to their preference of type of house and affordability. Based on the findings from fieldwork, it has been found that most of the houses built did not comply to the guidelines that has been stated in Uniform Building By-Law and legal documents from local authority due to the limitation of reinforcement as the land is a private land. The legal title has become the barrier for the local authority to take legal action or fined the house owner. Many of the houses built neglected the guidelines for setback which could put the lives of the residents at stake if accidents happen in their housing area.
N.T.S
Based on the virtual site visit that has been done, there is two areas that has been identified as a squatter's area. In this case, the landowners and the squatter's identity cannot be identified due to the lack of data. According to Kuala Lumpur City Plan 2020, the local authority aimed to tackle the squatter issue by targeting zero squatter population. However, it seems that DBKL did not manage to achieve their zero squatters target before 2020 due to uncontrollable factors. There are also few houses are being left abandoned and unoccupied These houses could become the spot for social problems that occur in the housing area. The reason for the abandonment of the houses is unknown due to limitation of virtual observation. However, these houses clearly could set a bad image to Kg. Datuk Keramat aside from ruining the visual quality and landscape of the neighbourhood.
The picture show one of the example of mismatch of land use whereby it should be a residential area, but then the residents are opening a food shop.
Figure 5.1.4: Example of Land Use Mismatch Source: Google Map
5.0 SYNTHESIS
Figure 5.1.5: Informal house found in Kg. Datuk Keramat Source: Google
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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D. Inadequate Provision And Non-inclusive Design Of Public Facilities The virtual site visit has shown that Kg. Datuk Keramat lacks certain type of public facilities such as hospital, clinics fire station, secondary school and public library. Even though these facilities can be found in the other neighborhood surrounding Kg. Datuk Keramat, it would be more convenient for the resident of Kg. Datuk Keramat if those facilities are present in the neighborhood because there are possibilities that the facilities in the surrounding neighbourhood such as the nearest secondary school from Kg. Datuk Keramat, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Padang Tembak which is located in the neighbourhood north to Kg. Datuk Keramat which is Kampung Padang Tembak do not have a catchment area wide enough to cater for the whole Kg. Datuk Keramat as well. Besides, the accessibility of most of the public facilities in Kg. Datuk Keramat are clearly designed with no consideration of the disable community. For example, based on the virtual fieldwork, it has been identified that the pedestrian walkway that connected the facilities to other places do not have tactile paving equipped on them. This might prove to be an obstacle to DBKL vision which is inclusivity.
Figure 5.1.7: Distance of surrounding facilities from Kg. Datuk Keramat Source: Google Map
Figure 5.1.6: No proper pedestrian walkway with tactile paving for disable community Source: Google Map
5.0 SYNTHESIS
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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A. Disaster Occurrence
5.1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE
Reduce Productivity
Building Collapse
Change of Lifestyle
Effects
Hygiene and Health Problems
Frequent Flash Flood
DISASSTER OCCURANCE
DISRUPTION OF WATER SUPPLY
Issue
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE
Outdated Infrastructure
Climate Change Increasing Rainfall Intensity
Pipe Leakage
Human Caused
Pump House Polluted Raw Water
Causes
Drainage not able to withstand the large amount of rainfall
The flashfloods occurrence and incidents are very common in the study area. It has been reported that the issue has been going on for about 20 years already. The cause of the incidents are said to be related to the development of the highways located to the southern part of the study area. The flashfloods is also said to be caused by clogged drainage and poor drainage system in the study area. The issue is already acknowledged by the local authority, Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur, and an initiative has been proposed at the affected areas. The project proposed kicked off in December 2019, which is on the pump house and the cost of the project is said to reach RM1.4m. However, despite the local government’s initiative to tackle the issue, the flashfloods incident once again strike on 17th November 2022.
Figure 5.1.8: Flashflood on 17 November 2020 Source: Malaysia Gazette
Chart 5.1.4: Tree Problem Diagram Environmental Issue Source: Data Analysis
5.0 SYNTHESIS
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
5-7
B. Disruption Of Water Supply Water interruption often occurred almost every month started from July in the year 2020. Most of the factor that causing the interruptions is because of the pollution in raw water such as the river followed by pipe leakage. Based on the Chart 5.1.2, respondents choose water supply polluted as the factors that always occurred in Kg. Datuk Keramat. If there is a planned water interruptions for a long period of time, Air Selangor must ensure to give written notice to local residents and restore the supply by the time stated in the notice. If the case in emergency state, Air Selangor must take reasonable steps as soon as possible to let the local residents know about it.
Polluted Water Supply
10% Figure 5.1.9: Flashflood Source: Malaysia Gazette
66.7%
23.30%
66.70%
Distribution of Pipe Leakage
23.3% Water supply polluted Distribution pipe leakage water rationing
Figure 5.1.10: Flashflood Source: New Straits Times
5.0 SYNTHESIS
Water Rationing
10%
Chart 5.1.5: Respondent’s opinion on the water interruption’s factor Source: Questionnaire, 2020
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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5.1.4 LACK OF IDENTITY AND IMAGE QUALITY AS AN URBAN TRADITIONAL VILLAGE
Urban Design
Urbanization
Lack of architectural features portraying village characteristics
Population density more than 300 people per km sq
Unmanaged views of Pasar Keramat as a landmark from the street level
Lack of Identity and Image Quality as an Urban Traditional Village
Uncertain status as an MRL Lack of outdoor space for social engagement
Malay Reserve Land
After the study of urban design and heritage in Kg. Datuk Keramat is been assessed, the identity and image quality as an urban traditional village is lacking. Based on the chart above, there are few factors that contributes to this issue. Population density in the study area is dense population because based on Malaysia context, traditional village area become denser when the population is more than 300 people in 1 km sq. Although the land is owned by Malays, the land status in Kg Datuk Keramat is uncertain when DBKL was found out that the Malay Reserve Land status is not declared yet. In terms of architectural design, Kg Datuk Keramat is lacking in maintaining their traditional design values. Furthermore, Pasar Keramat which act as the landmark there is not manage properly and is not too visible as people pass through the street. Lastly, the residents are less likely to engage in social cohesion as it lacks outdoor spaces.
5.0 SYNTHESIS
Social Cohesion
Chart 5.1.6: Fishbone Problem Diagram Identity and Image Quality Issue Source: Data Analysis
Figure 5.1.11 : Pasar Keramat which is less visible from Jalan Datuk Keramat Source: Google
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
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5.2 SWOT ANALYSIS Table 5.1: SWOT Analysis
STRENGTHS
WEAKNESSES
OPPORTUNITIES
Strategic Location
Lack of Inclusivity
Integrated Public Transit
The study area is well served with road networks and public transit that provides connectivity to surrounding development.
The public spaces includes the walkway in Kg. Datuk Keramat is not universally designed, which certain groups especially disabled are limited in using the public spaces and walkways.
Kg. Datuk Keramat is already well served with provision of public transit such as variety of bus lines and LRT transit station, hence, there is an opportunity for a more integrated public transit.
Housing Incompliance With Guidelines
Enhancing The Infrastructure And Utilities
The houses in the area does not comply with the guideline which can cause a lot of safety issues.
As the lifespan of infrastructure and utilities condition become reducing, the maintenance need to be always updated to cater all the demands. For instance introduction of new technologies, upgrade the level of services and improve efficiency of infrastructure and utilities.
Lower Residential Property Sale Price As an older urban traditional village in Kuala Lumpur, the study area has 23% lower average of sale price compared to State average. Grid Pattern Settlement The residential area is designed in an iron grid pattern, which ease the circulation and gives a nice visual quality.
Lacking In Facilities
Certain
Type
Of
Based on the virtual fieldwork that has been done, there is no health facilities such as hospitals and clinics; safety and security facilities such as fire station; and educational facilities such as secondary school.
Central Business District The area is located within an urban areas with so much potential on business and commercial activities.
THREATS Small And Clogged Drainage Can Lead To Flash Flood Some storm drains in study area may clogged with rubbish and mud, weeds and thick silt. These not well-maintained drains further cause overflow of water and surface runoff Lack Of Safety In The Houses Design The lack of safety in the design of the houses will increase the risk of crime. Improper Land Use Planning Due to the issue of mismatch of land use, this issue can lead to many other residents to easily changes their residential area to other type of land use and cause create much bigger problem if the authority do not take actions on this.
Source: Data Analysis
5.0 SYNTHESIS
DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL AND AUDIT REPORT
5-10
To conclude, Kampung Datuk Keramat which has been established since the year 1857 has undergo a lot of development growth for the past few years. Although Kampung Datuk Keramat started of as a Traditional Village because of the Malay reserve land title, it has now started to lose its charm as a Traditional Village due to the influx of new development which incorporate a modernize visual and structure. Hence, the Traditional Village remains only in the name without any of the characteristic can be seen anymore. This report has been able to access the existing conditions of the study area and the surrounding area as well based on the analysis of information from reliable sources which are Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan, Kuala Lumpur City Plan 2020 and also from the virtual fieldwork that has been done. It is understood that Kampung Datuk Keramat has currently facing a lot of issues such as traffic Congestions, lower walkability, flashflood occurrences, insufficient open space area, mismatch of land use (informal mixed-use), water disruption and lack of guidelines on informal houses. Thus, in the next development plan, these issues should be confronted in the first place to ensure the liveability of Kampung Datuk Keramat. Kampung Datuk Keramat has been assessed using the hybrid assessment matrix tool which is the mix of MurniNet, LEEDs and Liveability Index assessment tools. The usage of this tools is to properly assessed Kampung Datuk Keramat in detailed on the development that has been done here. From the final result, it can be seen that from the overall score, Kampung Datuk Keramat falls under moderately sustainable.
11
REFERENCES -, L., By, & -. (2020, November 17). Penghuni Kampung Baru, Kampung Datuk Keramat "Rumah Dilanda Banjir Kilat". Retrieved November 26, 2020, from https://malaysiagazette.com/2020/11/17/penghuni-kampungbaru-kampung-datuk-keramat-rumah-dilanda-banjir-kilat/
Kaur, S. (2020, September 30). Lower-priced high-rise properties records higher rental yield in H1 2020, versus to houses: New Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.nst.com.my/property/2020/09/628608/lower-priced-highrise-properties-records-higher-rental-yield-h1-2020-versus
Ahmad, Ani. Tanah Rizab Melayu Di Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur: Satu Kajian Kes Terhadap Aspek Perumahan Di Kampung Dato' Keramat / Ani Bt. Ahmad. 2000.
Mahalingam, E. (2020, January 16). Solving property overhang woes. Retrieved from https://www.thestar.com.my/business/businessnews/2020/01/17/solving-property-overhang-woes
Ampang Monthly Climate Averages. (n.d.). Retrieved November 26, 2020, from https://www.worldweatheronline.com/ampang-weatheraverages/kuala-lumpur/my.aspx
How high-density homes can offer quality living. (n.d.). Retrieved November 10, 2020, from https://www.edgeprop.my/content/1607598/how-highdensity-homes-can-offer-quality-living
Bahaudin, N. (2020, March 08). Elak tanah mendap jadi serius. Retrieved November 26, 2020, from https://www.hmetro.com.my/mutakhir/2020/03/552412/elak-tanahmendap-jadi-serius
LEED v4: Neighborhood Development Guide: U.S. Green Building Council. (n.d.). Retrieved November 27, 2020, from https://www.usgbc.org/guide/nd
JASTIN AHMAD TARMIZI, D. (2019, November 29). Heavy rain causes flash floods in KL. Retrieved November 26, 2020, from https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2015/11/12/heavy-rain-causesflash-floods-in-kl/ Kuala Lumpur Air Quality Index (AQI) and Malaysia Air Pollution: AirVisual. (n.d.). Retrieved November 26, 2020, from https://www.iqair.com/us/malaysia/kuala-lumpur Mokhtar, N. (2019, March 25). Banjir kilat di ibu negara. Retrieved November 26, 2020, from https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/kes/2019/03/545306/banjir-kilat-diibu-negara VISTA Hamilton CIty Design Guide. (2007) Retrieved November 26,2020 from https://www.hamilton.govt.nz/ourservices/planningguidanceandresourceconsents/urban-design-advisory Air Selangor. (2020). Press Release. Retrieved November 26, 2020 from https://www.airselangor.com/press-release
MURNInet. (n.d.). Retrieved November 27, 2020, from http://murninetsv2.planmalaysia.gov.my/cms/penunjuks/17/51 AARP Livability Index - Great Neighborhoods for All Ages. (n.d.). Retrieved November 27, 2020, from https://livabilityindex.aarp.org/categories/housing Damai LRT Station. (n.d.). Retrieved November 27, 2020, from https://www.klia2.info/rail/rapidkl-lrt/kelana-jaya-line/damai/ Keramat property insights on EdgeProp.my. (n.d.). Retrieved November 27, 2020, from https://www.edgeprop.my/area-outlook/kuala-lumpur/keramat GOKL City Bus TURQUOISE Line. (2019, December 31). Retrieved November 27, 2020, from https://gokelah.com/transport/bus/city-bus/gokl-city-freebus/gokl-city-bus-turquoise-line/ (n.d.). Retrieved November 27, 2020, from https://maps.openrouteservice.org/reach?n1=3.169547
APPENDIX
Malaysia Housing Supply (H1 2020) Existing Supply States
Single Storey Terrace
2 - 3 Storey Terrace
Single Storey Semi-Detach
2 - 3 Storey SemiDetach
Detach
Town House
Cluster
Low Cost House
Low Cost Flat
Flat
Condominium/ Apartment
Total
W.P. Kuala W.P. Putrajaya W.P. Labuan Selangor Johor Pulau Pinang Perak Negeri Sembilan Melaka Kedah Pahang Terengganu Kelantan Perlis Sabah Sarawak
17,153 0 960 172,120 197,668 49,400 146,334 100,622 70,570 90,210 82,680 19,985 26,565 7,089 25,002 68,847
66,770 2,102 1,215 487,257 232,977 74,258 114,341 64,664 36,250 35,248 31,209 7,590 6,927 1,498 52,883 76,782
506 0 98 16,256 24,772 10,290 25,495 11,335 11,017 55,394 23,751 11,080 3,069 4,370 3,544 12,677
6,391 1,123 1,030 51,178 24,170 20,338 14,951 7,188 6,410 17,167 5,954 3,318 1,015 1,045 13,257 31,837
7,102 203 5,147 62,214 64,958 77,641 73,752 34,251 12,992 26,344 59,125 32,081 13,268 746 5,873 11,068
5,398 96 11 23,503 2,159 3,074 2,747 2,845 1,573 322 271 154 0 0 840 1,162
1,698 0 0 11,155 13,023 3,842 3,392 4,143 1,374 622 284 108 172 0 852 1,045
6,172 0 1,264 95,189 152,157 18,054 85,790 29,874 33,736 101,894 60,985 20,286 26,976 9,117 21,012 26,610
99,637 0 692 183,462 50,635 63,961 8,269 6,393 3,396 7,488 4,848 5,951 1,031 1,378 28,947 8,244
35,330 2,538 1,312 107,568 26,443 108,818 4,738 8,272 8,677 998 3,726 826 1,221 396 14,737 5,598
246,691 9,047 976 370,579 59,967 92,596 14,706 16,131 12,731 2,660 11,606 1,381 3,595 514 54,526 22,911
492,848 15,109 12,705 1,580,481 848,929 522,272 494,515 285,718 198,726 338,347 284,439 102,760 83,839 26,153 221,473 266,781
MALAYSIA
1,075,205
1,291,971
213,654
206,372
486,765
44,155
41,710
689,116
474,332
331,198
920,617
5,775,095
TOTAL
Housing Supply in Kuala Lumpur by District (H1 2020) Existing Supply Districts Bandar Kuala Lumpur Bandar Petaling Jaya Mukim Ampang Mukim Batu Mukim Cheras Mukim Hulu Kelang Mukim Kuala Lumpur Mukim Petaling Mukim Setapak
Single Storey Terrace
2 - 3 Storey Terrace
Single Storey Semi-Detach
2 - 3 Storey SemiDetach
Detach
Town House
Cluster
Low Cost House
Low Cost Flat
Flat
Condominium/ Apartment
Total
0 0 791 8,418 554 0 2,737 1,991 2,662
505 0 974 21,127 1,122 155 13,541 18,103 11,243
0 0 0 0 0 0 53 75 378
142 0 180 1,146 0 0 2,525 1,755 643
881 0 108 731 54 0 4,633 626 69
104 0 132 1,234 74 0 1,768 806 1,280
0 0 0 48 0 0 4 0 1,646
0 0 0 1,901 57 259 2,296 63 1,596
10,972 0 3,328 17,318 1,224 500 21,384 20,119 24,792
5,478 0 0 5,319 0 4,388 9,986 7,394 2,765
48,970 0 8,401 49,657 113 122 48,822 53,656 36,950
67,052 0 13,914 106,899 3,198 5,424 107,749 104,588 84,024
17,153
66,770
506
6,391
7,102
5,398
1,698
6,172
99,637
35,330
246,691
492,848
TOTAL W.P. KUALA LUMPUR
Housing Transaction In Kuala Lumpur Volume and Value of Transaction by Price Range PRICE RANGE 0 - 100,000
Year
Residential No
Value (RM Billion)
PRICE RANGE
Year
Volume Change
Value Change
H1 2019
196
13.00
0 - 100,000
H1 2020/H1 2019
-34.7
-36.0
H2 2019
340
18.01
H1 2020
128
8.33
799
130.69
954
157.25
100,001 - 200,000
200,001 - 300,000
300,001 - 400,000
400,001 - 500,000
500,001 - 600,000
600,001 - 700,000
700,001 - 800,000
800,001 - 900,000
900,001 & 1,000,000
1,000,001 & Above
Total
Percentage Change of Volume and Value Transaction by Price Range
556
92.84
689
173.49
724
182.01
465
117.24
634
226.93
831
295.21
956
328.59
602
274.00
598
272.17
413
187.99
411
228.74
457
255.88
294
162.56
309
201.71
315
205.37
230
150.24
245
186.12
224
169.17
129
97.39
172
146.71
229
195.33
125
107.61
155
149.60
154
148.88
78
75.06
1077
2,438.65
985
2,269.84
726
1,786.21
H1 2019
5,289
4,169.63
H2 2019
5,811
4,169.12
H1 2020
4,100
3,114.05
100,001 - 200,000
H1 2020/H2 2019
200,001 - 300,000 300,001 - 400,000
-62.4
-53.8
-30.4
-29.0
-41.7
-41.0
-32.5
-32.4
-35.8
-35.6
50.8
44.8
400,001 - 500,000
15.0
11.3
-31.4
-31.4
500,001 - 600,000
-30.9
-30.9
-28.5
-28.9
600,001 - 700,000
-35.7
-36.5
-25.6
-25.5
700,001 - 800,000
-27.0
-26.8
-47.3
-47.7
800,001 - 900,000
-42.4
-42.4
-27.3
-26.7
900,001 & 1,000,000
-45.4
-44.9
-49.7
-49.8
-49.4
-49.6
-32.6
-26.8
1,000,001 & Above Total
-26.3
-21.3
H1 2020/H1 2019
-22.5
-25.3
H1 2020/H2 2019
-29.4
-25.3
Number of Residential Transaction by Type and District Property Type Vacant Plot
Year
Mukim Kuala Lumpur
Mukim Petaling
H1 2019 H2 2019 H1 2020
18 8 7 4 2 4 18 10 12 1 0 0 3 3 2 19 13 13 481 441 264 0 0 0 3 0 0 128 148 71 0 0 0 51 52 23
28 22 21 53 68 35 165 161 95 2 0 0 23 36 23 87 89 50 501 534 362 15 25 15 21 12 16 58 65 45 2 3 4 195 220 125
12 13 8 51 54 41 187 168 98 4 2 0 22 28 29 32 22 21 504 644 827 0 0 0 9 9 10 131 139 70 10 16 13 180 299 159
H1 2019 H2 2019 H1 2020
726 677 396
1150 1235 791
1142 1394 1276
Single Storey Terrace
2 - 3 Storey Terrace
Single Storey Semi-Detach
2 - 3 Storey Semi-Detach
Detach
Condominium/Apartment
Cluster House
Town House
Flat
Low-Cost House
Low-Cost Flat
TOTAL
Kuala Lumpur Town Centre
Mukim Cheras
Mukim Setapak
0 0 0 6 4 3 7 5 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 8 5 0 0 0 1 0 1 8 5 2 4 5 4 5 6 3 TOTAL 37 34 26
Mukim Ulu Kelang
Mukim Batu
Mukim Ampang
Total
7 6 9 33 43 25 95 103 74 2 4 3 3 3 1 24 30 6 381 391 271 24 25 22 16 24 8 76 98 64 0 0 0 162 199 98
0 1 0 2 5 1 6 9 4 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 9 9 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 58 47 29 0 0 0 0 2 0
46 26 17 82 89 65 235 251 163 13 9 0 25 24 23 68 48 32 565 667 460 9 15 7 16 11 15 86 122 71 2 4 2 66 100 54
2 1 1 4 2 3 9 16 8 0 0 0 4 0 1 6 4 6 35 44 27 0 0 0 3 1 2 43 26 17 0 0 0 16 11 10
113 77 63 235 267 177 722 723 462 22 15 3 81 94 80 236 208 128 2482 2738 2227 48 65 44 69 57 52 588 650 369 18 28 23 675 889 472
823 926 581
76 74 46
1213 1366 909
122 105 75
5289 5811 4100
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