We have a whole issue packed full of deliciously doggy content for you this month.
From an article on our breed of the month, the Skye Terrier, to pieces on ‘loose lead’ walking and the dangers of lilies for dogs, we have lots for you to read about.
As always, we need to extend a huge thank you to our advertisers, Paleopet and Kyron, for their support, which allows us to keep this magazine free for all who wish to read it.
Until next time!
Dr Lizzie Harrison | Editor Lizzie and the DQ team
DIGITAL ISSUE 11B | 2024
The Skye Terrier
A loyal companion with a rich history
Designer crossbreed dogs
Research debunks the belief that they are healthier
Tug of war
Helping dogs not to pull on the lead
Something fishy
Why should I give my dog fish oil?
Canine hydration
Upping your dog's water intake
The dangers of lilies in dogs
A hidden hazard in your garden and home
Smooth travel
Dealing with car sickness in dogs
Ask DQ
Your questions answered Products we love
The Skye
Terrier
LOYAL COMPANION WITH A RICH HISTORY
The Skye Terrier is a small, long-bodied, and hardy breed known for his devotion and loyalty. With a history as rich as his coat, the Skye Terrier is a dog that combines striking good looks with a courageous heart. Originally bred for hunting small game on the Isle of Skye in Scotland, this breed has evolved into a companion dog, loved for his personality and courageous instincts.
HISTORY
The Skye Terrier's origins date back to 16th-century Scotland, where he was bred to hunt and eradicate vermin such as badgers, otters, and foxes. The breed’s long, flowing coat and short legs were advantageous for navigating the rough terrain of the Scottish Highlands. His tenacity, combined with a surprising level of bravery for such a small dog, made him the perfect working dog in this rugged environment.
The breed gained fame during the 19th century when Queen Victoria became an admirer of the Skye Terrier on one of her vacations to Scotland. Her influence led to a rise in popularity among British
nobility, and the breed became a fashionable choice for aristocrats. Today, the Skye Terrier is more of a companion animal, known for his loyalty, intelligence, and charming personality.
FEATURES
The Skye Terrier stands out for his unique appearance. He is unmistakable, with a long, low body and a flowing double coat draping over his form. The coat is typically straight, with a softer undercoat and thicker weather-proof outer coat, and can come in colours such as black, blue, fawn, or cream, often with
darker ears and muzzle. Their body is surprisingly sturdy; Skye Terriers are longer than they are tall, with short legs and a strong, muscular build. The breed’s ears are one of its most distinctive features. Skye Terriers can have either erect or drop ears, and both are considered acceptable in the breed standard.
DID YOU KNOW?
It is said that Mary, Queen of Scots, owned a Skye Terrier that remained loyal to her until the very end. According to legend, after her execution in 1587, the dog was found hiding in her skirts, having stayed with her even in her final moments.
TEMPERAMENT
The Skye Terrier is renowned for his devotion to his family. Known for forming deep bonds with their owners, these dogs are incredibly loyal and protective. While they may appear reserved or cautious around strangers, they are affectionate and loving toward those they trust. This makes them excellent companions for people looking for a dog with strong protective instincts.
However, it’s important to note that Skye Terriers can be independent and stubborn at times. Their history as working dogs has made them determined, and they may not always be eager to obey commands right away. Positive reinforcement, patience, and consistent training from an early age can help mitigate any stubborn tendencies.
Socialisation is vital with this breed. Introducing them to a variety of people, places, and situations when they’re young can help them develop into wellrounded, confident adults. While they are generally good with children, it’s important to supervise interactions, especially with younger kids, due to the dog’s independent nature.
DID YOU KNOW?
Bobby (4 May 1855 – 14 January 1872), a long-haired Skye Terrier, belonged to John Gray, an Edinburgh policeman. Grey and Bobby were best friends until the officer died of tuberculosis in 1858. Bobby became known in 19th-century Edinburgh for spending 14 years guarding his owner's grave in Greyfriars Kirkyard until he died on 14 January 1872. The story of ‘Greyfriars’ Bobby continues to be well known in Scotland through several books and films.
CARE
Despite their size, Skye Terriers are energetic and need regular exercise to stay healthy and happy. Daily walks, playtime, or engaging in activities like agility training can help keep them physically and mentally stimulated. While they’re not hyperactive, they do appreciate having a job to do or a space to explore.
The Skye Terrier’s long, double coat requires regular grooming to prevent mats and tangles. A thorough brushing a few times a week is necessary, especially around the ears and legs where mats can form. Bathing should be done as needed, and trimming around the paws can help maintain their neat appearance.
Because of their small stature and long back, it is important to avoid situations where they may jump from high places or overexert themselves. Their spine can be susceptible to injury, so care should be taken to ensure they’re not overstressed physically.
Skye Terriers are generally a healthy breed, but like all dogs, they can be prone to certain genetic conditions. One issue to be aware of is the breed's susceptibility to luxating patella, a condition where the kneecap dislocates. Additionally, their long back can make them prone to intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), a spinal condition that can cause pain and
ups and monitoring for any signs of discomfort can help catch these problems early.
Additionally, responsible breeding practices are crucial for minimising the risk of hereditary health issues. Always work with a reputable breeder who tests their dogs for common conditions and prioritises the health and well-being of the puppies.
FINAL THOUGHTS
With their charming personality, unique appearance, and unwavering loyalty, Skye Terriers make lovely companions for those who appreciate a dog with character. While they may require a bit more grooming and care than some other breeds, the love and devotion they give in return is well worth the effort.
If you’re looking for a loyal, intelligent, and striking dog with a dash of royal history, the Skye Terrier might be the perfect companion for you.
crossbreed dogs
The Royal Veterinary College (RVC) in the UK has undertaken the world’s largest study into the health of designer crossbreed dogs.
RESEARCH DEBUNKS THE BELIEF THAT THEY ARE HEALTHIER
The study revealed that the overall health of three common designer crossbreeds (Cockapoo, Labradoodle, and Cavapoo) is largely similar to the health of their
parent purebred breeds. These findings debunk common public beliefs about the superior health of these designer crossbreed dogs and provide important information to assist potential dog owners in selecting their future dog.
Designer crossbreed dogs are created by the intentional crossbreeding of longer established ‘purebred’ breeds to create new ‘designer’ breeds, such as the Cockapoo (a cross between a Cocker Spaniel and Poodle).
There has been a significant increase in demand for these designer crossbreeds over the past decade, particularly since the pandemic, with many designer crossbreeds now surpassing the popularity of their parent breeds. For example, in the UK, there were more Cockapoo dogs (653,597) owned in the UK in 2023 than either Cocker Spaniels (562,951) or Poodles (105,369). Much of this public
demand for crossbreeds has been driven by a widespread belief that designer crossbreeds are a healthier option due to somehow breeding out of harmful health effects caused by inbreeding that is common in purebred dogs.
THE STUDY
The study was led by Gina Bryson, a master's graduate; Dr Rowena Packer, Senior Lecturer in Companion Animal Behaviour and Welfare Science; and Dr Dan O’Neill, Associate Professor in Companion Animal Epidemiology, all at the RVC. It surveyed 9,402 UK owners of the three most common designer crossbreeds (Cockapoo,
Labradoodle and Cavapoo) and their parent breeds (Cocker Spaniel, Labrador Retriever, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and Miniature, Toy and Standard Poodles). The ownerreported health information was then collated and the risk of each breed having the 57 different most common disorders found in dogs was compared.
Key findings include that:
• In 86.6 percent of the disorder comparisons, there was no difference in disorder risk between these three most common designer crossbreeds and their purebred parent breeds.
• Of the 13.4% disorders comparisons that did differ, these were almost equally split between designer crossbreeds having a higher risk of 7.0% of the conditions and a lower risk of 6.4% of the conditions.
• The risk of dietary indiscretion, vomiting and diarrhoea was higher in all three designer crossbreeds compared to their shared parent breed, the Poodle.
• All three designer crossbreeds had a higher chance of ear infections than their non-Poodle parent breeds. Additionally, Cockapoos had a higher likelihood of itchy skin than their parent breeds, an issue often caused by allergies.
• Both Labradoodles and Cockapoos had a lower risk of patellar luxation (slipping kneecaps) than Poodles, yet the Cavapoo did not differ in odds from either parent breed.
These findings show that the risk did not differ at all for the majority of disorders between the designer crossbreeds and their parent breeds. Based on these results, when considering purchasing a dog, the researchers encourage owners to instead consider other factors such as the specific expected health issues, suitability of the breed’s size, behavioural and care needs
for their lifestyle, and likely temperament to decide upon their chosen breed. Additionally, owners should focus on acquiring puppies or dogs from a high-welfare source regardless of whether they are pure or crossbred, including only buying puppies from breeders who will allow visits in person prior to purchasing and who sell puppies from the place that they were bred with their mother present.
Training a dog not to pull on a lead can be challenging, but with patience, consistency, and the right techniques, you can teach your dog to walk politely beside you. Pulling on the lead is a common behaviour, often because dogs naturally want to explore their environment and are excited to get to their destination. Teaching loose lead walking is the best way to train your dog to walk calmly without pulling on the lead.
TEACH ‘LOOSE LEAD’ WALKING
Loose-lead walking means your dog walks beside you or slightly ahead without tension on the lead. Here’s how to get started:
EQUIPMENT:
Before you begin training, having the right equipment is essential for controlling your dog without causing harm.
• Front-clip harness: A frontclip harness is often more effective than a traditional collar or back-clip harness. It discourages pulling by redirecting the dog's movement when he pulls.
NOTE
Do not ‘jerk’ the lead with dogs who pull. This risks severe injury to the neck and back, whether acutely or over time.
• Standard lead: Use a regular lead rather than a retractable one, as retractable leads can encourage pulling.
TRAINING PROCESS:
Step 1: Start in a low-distraction environment
Begin training in a quiet area with minimal distractions, such as your garden or house. This allows your dog to focus on you without the excitement of new sights and smells.
Step 2: Reward for a loose lead
Hold the lead at a comfortable length, giving your dog some freedom but not enough to pull. As soon as your dog walks beside you without pulling, reward them with a treat and praise. Use a marker word like ‘yes’ or a clicker when they are in the correct position to reinforce the behaviour.
Step 3: Stop when they pull
When your dog pulls on the lead, stop walking immediately. Stand still and wait until the lead is slack again. This teaches your dog that pulling doesn’t get them where they want to go. Once the lead is loose, start walking again, rewarding them when they walk calmly by your side.
Step 4: Use a turn-around method
If your dog pulls and gets too far ahead, turn and walk in the opposite direction. This will interrupt their forward movement and encourage them to pay attention to you. Praise them when they follow you and the lead is loose.
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT
Always use positive reinforcement when training your dog not to pull. Rewards can include:
• Treats: High-value treats your dog loves will motivate them during training.
• Praise: Verbal encouragement and affection can also reinforce good behaviour.
• Scratches: For some dogs, scratches in their favourite itchy spot can be just as motivating as treats.
Step 5: Incorporate verbal cues
Once your dog begins to walk without pulling, add verbal cues like ‘heel’ or ‘let’s go’ to reinforce good behaviour. Use these cues whenever your dog is in the correct position, and always reward with treats or praise.
Step 6: Increase distractions gradually
Once your dog is reliably walking without pulling in low-distraction environments, start introducing more distractions. Take them to parks, busy streets, or places with other dogs and people. Be prepared for setbacks—your dog may begin pulling again in these environments, so go back to basics with the training techniques when needed.
BACK-CLIP VS FRONT-CLIP HARNESS
The design of your clip dog harness significantly impacts your pet's comfort and control when walking. The two most common harness types are the back-clip and frontclip harness. With back-clip dog harnesses, the lead attachment is on the dog's back, while on frontclip dog harnesses, the lead clip is on the chest area.
Advantages of back-clip harnesses Back-clip dog harnesses offer several advantages. Top among these are comfort and visibility.
harness also allows better visibility of the lead for both the pet and the pet parent. Another essential advantage of a back-clip dog harness is that it doesn't encourage pulling. This is particularly useful during the dog's training phase. Back-clip dog harnesses are also easier to put on than other types, making them a favourite for pet parents and dog trainers.
Advantages of front-clip harnesses
On the other hand, a front-clip dog harness has a lead attachment on the chest, which dog trainers often prefer as it gives them more control over energetic and hard-to-train dogs. The benefits of front-clip dog harnesses are numerous. First, they enable corrective training for dogs that perceive outdoor walks as an opportunity to chase every moving object. The handler can gently steer the dog's head, discouraging pulling behaviour.
As most sporting dog breeds are sturdy and muscular, front clip harnesses offer some level of control over them. Pet parents often find front-clip dog harnesses helpful in managing the energetic bursts these breeds are famous for, preventing them from swerving abruptly and avoiding possible accidents for both the dog and themselves.
Experts suggest that front-clip dog harnesses are best for dogs undergoing lead training. They provide an excellent basis for instilling good walking habits, thus contributing to a well-behaved dog.
TOP TIPS FOR SUCCESS
1. Practice short, frequent walks 2. Reward focus and attention
CONSIDER PROFESSIONAL HELP
If your dog is especially strong or reactive to other dogs or people, it might be beneficial to seek help from a professional dog trainer. Trainers can provide personalised guidance and troubleshoot specific issues to help you and your dog achieve success.
FINAL THOUGHTS
3. Stay calm and consistent
It's important to stay calm and patient throughout the training process. Pulling on the lead is often a behaviour that takes time to correct, and consistency is key. Ensure that everyone who walks your dog follows the same rules and uses the same techniques to avoid confusing the dog.
Training a dog not to pull on the lead takes time, patience, and consistency, but with positive reinforcement and the right techniques, you can teach your dog to walk calmly by your side. Remember that each dog learns at their own pace, so don’t get discouraged if progress is slow. Stay consistent; over time, your dog will learn to enjoy walks without pulling, making walks more pleasant for both of you.
SOMETHING FISHY WHY SHOULD I GIVE MY DOG FISH OIL?
Fish oil has become a popular supplement for dogs, and for good reason. Packed with omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil offers a host of benefits that can improve your dog’s health, from supporting joint health to enhancing skin and coat condition. Whether you're looking to address specific health concerns or simply want to give your dog a wellness boost, fish oil can be a valuable addition to their diet.
WHAT IS FISH OIL?
Fish oil is derived from the tissues of oily fish such as salmon, mackerel, sardines, and anchovies. It is rich in essential omega-3 fatty acids, particularly two key types:
• Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
• Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)
These omega-3 fatty acids are vital for many bodily functions, including reducing inflammation, supporting heart health, and maintaining healthy skin and joints. Since dogs can’t produce these fatty acids on their own, they must be obtained through diet or supplements.
BENEFITS OF FISH OIL
1. Promotes a healthy coat and skin
One of the most well-known benefits of fish oil is its ability to improve the condition of your dog’s skin and coat. Omega-3 fatty acids help reduce dry, flaky skin, itchiness, and dandruff, making them an excellent option for dogs with allergies or skin sensitivities. Many pet owners notice that their dog’s coat becomes shinier and softer after adding fish oil to their diet.
2. Reduces inflammation and supports joint health
Omega-3s are powerful antiinflammatory agents, which makes fish oil particularly helpful for dogs suffering from arthritis or other joint conditions. By reducing inflammation, fish oil can help ease pain and improve mobility in ageing dogs or those with joint issues. It’s often recommended as a natural supplement to complement treatments for arthritis, hip dysplasia, and other musculoskeletal problems.
3. Boosts heart health
Fish oil can have a positive effect on cardiovascular health by supporting healthy heart function and improving blood circulation. Omega-3s help reduce triglyceride levels (fats in the blood), lower blood pressure, and prevent irregular heart rhythms, all of which contribute to better heart health. Dogs with heart conditions may benefit from fish oil supplementation under the guidance of a vet.
4. Enhances cognitive function
DHA, one of the primary omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil, is essential for brain health and development. In puppies, DHA supports proper brain and eye development, making it an important nutrient for growing dogs. In senior dogs, omega-3 fatty acids can help slow cognitive decline, improving alertness and mental sharpness.
5. Strengthens the immune system
Fish oil’s anti-inflammatory properties can also help boost your dog’s immune system. A stronger immune system means your dog is better equipped to fight off infections, has a lower risk of chronic diseases, and is able to heal faster from injuries or illnesses. For dogs with autoimmune diseases, fish oil can help regulate the immune response and reduce harmful inflammation.
6. Improves kidney function
For dogs with kidney disease, fish oil may help manage symptoms and improve kidney function. Omega-3s can reduce protein loss in the urine and decrease blood pressure, which in turn helps slow the progression of kidney disease. It’s often recommended as part of a broader treatment plan for dogs with chronic kidney conditions.
CHOOSING THE RIGHT FISH OIL FOR YOUR DOG
When selecting a fish oil supplement for your dog, it’s important to choose a high-quality product. Here are a few factors to consider:
SOURCE
Look for fish oil made from wildcaught, cold-water fish like salmon, sardines, or anchovies. These fish tend to have higher concentrations of omega-3s.
PURITY
Ensure the fish oil is free from harmful contaminants such as heavy metals, PCBs, and dioxins. Many reputable brands will indicate that their products are tested for purity.
FORM
Fish oil comes in liquid and capsule form. Liquid fish oil can be easily mixed into your dog’s food, while capsules are convenient for dogs who are okay with taking pills.
OMEGA-3 CONTENT
Check the label for the amount of EPA and DHA per serving. A good supplement should provide an appropriate balance of these two fatty acids.
SUSTAINABILITY
Consider choosing a brand that sources fish oil from sustainably harvested fish, which is better for the environment.
CARE AND STORAGE OF FISH OIL
Protecting fish oil from heat, light, and air is important. Buy your fish oil in dark bottles and store it in the refrigerator. It can become rancid since they are susceptible to oxidation, so make sure to throw it away if it smells ‘off’.
SIDE EFFECTS
While fish oil is generally safe for most dogs, excessive amounts can cause side effects, including:
HOW MUCH FISH OIL SHOULD I GIVE?
The correct dosage of fish oil depends on your dog’s size, weight, and health needs. In general, a daily dose of 75-100 mg of combined EPA and DHA per kilogram of body weight is recommended, but it’s always best to consult with your vet before adding any supplement to your dog’s routine. Your vet can help determine the right dosage based on your dog’s specific health concerns and dietary requirements.
• Upset stomach: Diarrhea or vomiting can occur if the dosage is too high.
• Weight gain: Fish oil contains calories, so be mindful of the overall calorie intake.
• Fishy breath: Some dogs may develop a fishy odour or breath after taking fish oil.
• Blood clotting issues: In rare cases, high doses of fish oil can interfere with blood clotting. Dogs with clotting disorders or those on blood-thinning medications should only use fish oil under a vet’s supervision.
FINAL THOUGHTS
Fish oil is a valuable supplement that can provide numerous health benefits for your dog, from improving coat and skin condition to supporting heart and joint health. By choosing a high-quality fish oil and administering
it in the proper dosage, you can help your dog live a healthier and more comfortable life. As with any supplement, it’s important to consult your veterinarian to ensure that fish oil is appropriate for your dog’s individual health needs.
Canine hydration
UPPING YOUR DOG'S WATER INTAKE
E nsuring that your dog stays properly hydrated is crucial for their overall health. If your dog doesn’t seem to be drinking enough water, there are several steps you can take to encourage better hydration. Here’s a guide to help increase your dog’s water intake and keep them hydrated:
1. MONITOR WATER INTAKE AND HYDRATION LEVELS
First, assess whether your dog is truly dehydrated or just not drinking as much as you expect. On average, dogs should drink about 30ml of water per 500g of body weight each day. Factors like activity level, weather, and diet can affect their hydration needs.
To check if your dog is dehydrated, look for signs like:
• Dry gums (they should be moist to the touch)
• Lethargy or lack of energy
• Sunken eyes
• Loss of skin elasticity (gently lift the skin between their shoulder blades; if it doesn’t snap back quickly, they may be dehydrated).
If you notice these symptoms or your dog hasn’t been drinking for more than a day, it’s important to consult a vet.
2. MAKE WATER MORE ACCESSIBLE AND APPEALING
Sometimes, dogs simply aren’t drinking enough because of how or where water is presented. Here are ways to make water more appealing:
• Keep water bowls clean: Dogs can be picky about the cleanliness of their water. Wash their water bowls daily to remove dirt, bacteria, and unpleasant odours.
• Provide multiple water sources: Place water bowls in various locations around the house, especially in areas where your dog spends most of their time. This can encourage more frequent drinking.
• Change the water frequently: Dogs are more likely to drink fresh, cool water. Refill their water bowl a few times a day to keep it enticing.
• Use a water fountain: Some dogs prefer running water, and pet water fountains can make drinking more exciting and appealing by keeping water fresh and oxygenated.
3. ADD FLAVOUR TO THE WATER
If plain water isn’t motivating your dog, try enhancing the taste to make it more appealing:
• Low-sodium broth: Add a small amount of low-sodium chicken or beef broth to your dog’s water. This can encourage them to drink more, as the savoury flavour is enticing.
• Ice cubes: Some dogs enjoy playing with and licking ice cubes,
especially on hot days. You can even make ice cubes from diluted broth or add small pieces of fruit like blueberries (if safe for your dog) for added appeal.
• Electrolyte solutions: Veterinarian-approved electrolyte solutions can be added to dogs' water in small amounts. Always consult your vet before giving your dog electrolyte solutions, especially if your dog has any medical conditions.
NOTE: If you add a flavour to your dog’s water or modify their water in any way, make sure that clean, fresh water is also available alongside the modified water.
• Switch to wet food: Canned dog food has a much higher water content compared to dry kibble, so feeding your dog wet food can naturally increase their water intake. You can mix wet food with their regular kibble if you don’t want to switch entirely.
• Frozen treats: You can make homemade frozen dog treats using diluted broth, plain yoghurt, or dogsafe fruits. These treats can help hydrate your dog while giving them something fun to enjoy.
5. ENCOURAGE HYDRATION DURING PLAY
Some dogs drink more water after playtime or exercise, so incorporating hydration into fun activities can encourage drinking.
• Play near the water bowl: If your dog tends to drink after exercise, make sure their water bowl is easily accessible during and after playtime.
• Offer water breaks during walks: On long walks or hikes, carry a portable water bowl or a collapsible water bottle designed for dogs. Offer frequent water breaks, especially in warm weather.
6. CREATE A COMFORTABLE DRINKING ENVIRONMENT
Some dogs may avoid drinking water if they are stressed, anxious, or uncomfortable in their surroundings. Here are ways to make their drinking experience more comfortable:
• Quiet location: Place their water bowl in a calm, quiet area of the house where they won’t be disturbed. Some dogs may feel anxious or distracted in busy, noisy areas.
• Temperature control: Ensure the water is at a cool, comfortable temperature, especially during hot weather.
7. ADDRESS ANY UNDERLYING HEALTH ISSUES
If your dog consistently refuses to drink water, it could be a sign of an underlying health issue. Dehydration can result from medical conditions such as:
• Kidney disease: Dogs with kidney problems may not drink enough water, leading to dehydration.
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs): Some dogs may drink less if they are experiencing discomfort from a UTI.
• Dental problems: Mouth pain or tooth issues can make drinking uncomfortable, causing your dog to avoid water.
• Nausea: Dogs that feel nauseous may refuse food and water.
If you suspect any medical issues, it’s important to consult your vet for diagnosis and treatment. A vet can also recommend treatments like subcutaneous fluids if your dog is dehydrated and needs more immediate hydration.
CONCLUSION
If your dog isn’t drinking enough water, there are many strategies you can try to encourage better hydration. From adding flavour to their water and incorporating wet food into their diet to creating a more appealing drinking environment, these tips can help keep your dog hydrated and healthy. However, if your dog continues to avoid drinking or shows signs of dehydration, it’s essential to consult your vet to rule out any underlying health concerns.
The dangers of
lilies in dogs
A HIDDEN HAZARD IN YOUR GARDEN AND HOME
Lilies are beautiful, fragrant flowers often found in gardens and homes, but they can pose serious risks to pets. While many pet owners are aware of the extreme toxicity of lilies to cats, fewer realise that lilies can also pose dangers to dogs. Though lilies may not be as deadly for dogs as they are for cats, ingestion can still lead to serious health issues. In this article, we'll
WHY LILIES CAN BE HARMFUL TO DOGS
Lilies are diverse and belong to various species. Most species are perennial bulbs, and many have showy flowers or aromatic scents. Scientists refer to those of the Lilium genus as the true lilies. Many cultivars go by their scientific names, making this information useful.
The toxicity levels for dogs differ depending on the type of lily species. The main danger arises when a dog chews on or ingests any part of the plant, including leaves, flowers, stems, or bulbs. Some lilies are toxic, while others may simply cause gastrointestinal irritation, but it’s always best to avoid exposure.
Dogs are vulnerable to accidental poisoning because of their eating habits. Many pups consume anything they find, making canines more likely to become victims. For this reason, it is recommended to avoid all lily plants in the home and garden altogether since most accidents occur in the pet’s home.
COMMON LILIES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON DOGS
1. Peace lily (Spathiphyllum)
• Toxicity: Moderate.
• Effects: Peace lilies contain calcium oxalate crystals, which cause irritation when chewed or ingested. While this variety is not as dangerous as some others, it can still lead to painful symptoms like oral irritation, drooling, pawing at the mouth, and difficulty swallowing.
2. Calla lily (Zantedeschia)
• Toxicity: Moderate.
3. Peruvian lily (Alstroemeria)
• Toxicity: Mild.
• Effects: Peruvian lilies are less toxic compared to other species but can still cause digestive upset if ingested in large amounts. Vomiting and diarrhoea are the most common symptoms.
4. Daylily (Hemerocallis)
• Toxicity: Mild to moderate.
• Effects: While daylilies are extremely toxic to cats, they are less dangerous to dogs. However, they can still cause gastrointestinal upset,
5. Lily of the Valley (Convallaria majalis)
• Toxicity: Severe.
• Effects: Lily of the Valley is highly toxic to dogs and contains compounds called cardiac glycosides, which can affect the heart. Ingesting even a small amount can lead to symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhoea, decreased heart rate, heart arrhythmias, and even seizures or death if not treated promptly. Puppies and senior dogs are most vulnerable to the life threatening effects.
6. Easter Lily (Lilium longiflorum)
• Toxicity: Mild to moderate.
• Effects: While extremely dangerous to cats, Easter lilies are less harmful to dogs but can still cause gastrointestinal issues. Vomiting, drooling, and abdominal pain are common, and in large quantities, more severe symptoms may develop.
SYMPTOMS OF LILY POISONING IN DOGS
If your dog has come into contact with or ingested a lily, the symptoms will vary depending on the type of lily and the amount ingested. Watch for the following signs of poisoning:
• Excessive drooling
• Vomiting or diarrhoea
• Lethargy or weakness
• Loss of appetite
• Oral irritation (pawing at the mouth, swelling)
• Difficulty swallowing
• Increased heart rate or irregular heartbeat (in severe cases)
• Seizures or tremors (with highly toxic varieties like Lily of the Valley)
Symptoms can appear within hours of ingestion. If you notice any of these signs and suspect your dog has come into contact with a lily, it is important to seek veterinary help immediately.
WHAT TO DO IF YOUR DOG EATS A LILY
If you think your dog has ingested part of a lily or is showing signs of poisoning, call your vet immediately. Provide details about the type of lily (if known) and how much your dog might have ingested. If you’re not sure about the lily type, bring a photo or sample of the plant with you. Treatments may include inducing vomiting, administering activated charcoal to absorb the toxins, or providing intravenous fluids to flush the system.
PREVENTING EXPOSURE TO LILIES
The best way to protect your dog from lily poisoning is to limit their exposure to the plants. Here are some practical steps:
• Remove lilies from your home and garden: Avoid planting lilies or bringing cut lilies into your home if you have pets. Opt for pet-friendly plants like sunflowers, marigolds, or zinnias instead.
• Supervise outdoor time: Keep an eye on your dog when they are outdoors, especially if you’re visiting places with lilies, such as public gardens or parks.
• Educate others: Make sure family members, friends, and pet sitters are aware of the dangers lilies pose to dogs and know what to do if they are exposed.
• Use deterrents: If lilies are present in areas your dog frequents, use pet-safe deterrent sprays around the plants to discourage your dog from chewing on them.
NOTE
Never induce vomiting unless instructed by a veterinarian. Some substances can cause more harm if brought back up.
FINAL THOUGHTS
While lilies may not be as deadly to dogs as they are to cats, they can still pose a risk to your furry friend. Knowing the dangers and symptoms of lily poisoning can help you take swift action if your dog is exposed. By keeping lilies out of reach and opting for pet-safe plants, you can ensure your dog stays happy, healthy, and safe from harm.
Always consult your vet if you're unsure about a plant's safety for your dog, and take prompt action if you suspect poisoning. A few preventive measures can save your pet from a potentially dangerous situation.
SMOOTH TRAVEL
DEALING WITH CAR SICKNESS IN DOGS
Dealing with car sickness in dogs can be frustrating for both the dog and their owner. Car or motion sickness is common in puppies and young dogs because their inner ear, which controls balance, is still developing. However, some adult dogs can also experience car sickness due to anxiety or other triggers. Here are ways to prevent and manage car sickness in dogs:
1. RECOGNISE THE SYMPTOMS OF CAR SICKNESS
It's important to recognise the signs of car sickness in dogs so you can address the issue early. Common symptoms include:
• Excessive drooling
• Yawning
• Licking lips
• Panting
• Whining or restlessness
• Vomiting
• Lethargy or listlessness
• Shaking or trembling
If your dog exhibits any of these symptoms during car rides, they may be suffering from car sickness.
2. GRADUAL DESENSITISATION AND POSITIVE ASSOCIATIONS
One of the best long-term solutions is to help your dog associate the car with positive experiences through desensitisation and counterconditioning.
STEPS TO DESENSITISE YOUR DOG:
• Start with short, non-moving sessions: Begin by sitting in the car with your dog while the engine is off. Reward him with treats and praise to create positive associations.
• Turn the car on, but don't move: After a few sessions, turn the engine on, but keep the vehicle stationary. Continue to reward your dog with treats and reassurance to make the experience enjoyable.
• Take short trips: Once your dog is comfortable in the car, take short trips around the block. Gradually increase the duration of the rides as your dog becomes more accustomed to being in the car.
• Make car trips fun: Ensure that car rides lead to enjoyable destinations, such as parks or playdates, rather than just to the vet. This will help your dog associate car rides with positive experiences.
3. LIMIT FOOD AND WATER BEFORE CAR RIDES
If your dog is prone to vomiting during car rides, avoid feeding them a large meal within two to three hours before the trip. However, ensure they have access to water so they don’t become dehydrated. A light snack before the trip may help settle their stomach without making them too full.
4. PROVIDE A COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
Making your dog comfortable during the car ride can reduce anxiety and motion sickness. Here are some tips:
• Use a crate or seat belt: Dogs secured in a crate or with a canine seat belt may feel more stable and less anxious during the ride. Additionally, a crate can prevent your dog from seeing too much movement, which can sometimes trigger motion sickness.
• Face the dog forward: Dogs facing forward may experience less motion sickness than those sitting sideways. Placing them in the back seat but facing the front of the car can reduce the feeling of movement.
• Ventilation: Fresh air can help reduce the nausea associated with car sickness. Open windows slightly to allow for better air circulation, but avoid having the windows fully down to prevent distractions or the risk of injury.
• Keep the temperature cool: Dogs may be more prone to motion sickness if they are overheated, so keeping the car cool and well-ventilated can help. Use air conditioning or cooling mats to maintain a comfortable environment if necessary.
5. USE ANTI-NAUSEA PRODUCTS
If your dog continues to experience car sickness, you can try using products that help with nausea and anxiety. Always consult your vet before giving your dog any medication or supplement.
• Ginger: Ginger is a natural remedy that can help soothe the stomach. Some dog treats and supplements are made with ginger specifically for this purpose. Consult your vet to ensure the appropriate dosage.
• Over-the-counter medications: Your vet may recommend overthe-counter human medications like diphenhydramine or dimenhydrinate for dogs, which can help with motion sickness. Always get the correct dosage from your vet before administering.
• Prescription medications: In severe cases, your veterinarian might prescribe medications like maropitant citrate, which is specifically formulated to prevent vomiting in dogs caused by motion sickness.
6. DISTRACT YOUR DOG
Providing your dog with distractions during the ride can help take their mind off the motion and reduce their anxiety.
• Favourite toy or chew: Bring your dog’s favourite toy or a long-lasting chew to keep them entertained during the ride.
• Soothing music: Some studies suggest calming music can help dogs relax in the car. Soft classical music or playlists designed for anxious dogs may help them stay calm.
7. TAKE BREAKS ON LONG TRIPS
If you're going on a long car ride, take frequent breaks to allow your dog to stretch, relieve themselves, and get some fresh air. Stopping every one to two hours for a brief walk can help break up the journey and reduce motion sickness.
8. BEHAVIOURAL TRAINING
If your dog's car sickness is related to anxiety rather than motion, you can work on reducing their overall anxiety around the car through training and relaxation techniques.
• Calming supplements: Natural calming supplements and pheromone sprays can help reduce dogs' anxiety during car rides.
• Relaxation techniques: Teaching your dog to relax using commands like ‘settle’ can help them stay calm in the car. Pair this with praise and treats to reinforce calm behaviour.
9. KNOW WHEN TO SEEK VET CARE
If your dog's car sickness is severe, chronic, or doesn't improve with these techniques, consult your vet. Chronic car sickness may require additional medical intervention, and a vet can help rule out any underlying health conditions contributing to the problem.
FINAL THOUGHTS
Car sickness in dogs can be managed with a combination of desensitisation, creating a comfortable car environment, and, if necessary, using anti-nausea treatments. With time and patience, many dogs can overcome their discomfort and enjoy car rides. If your dog’s car sickness persists despite these efforts, consult your vet to explore medical options and rule out underlying health issues.
YOUR DOG QUESTIONS ANSWERED
Can dogs get insect bites?
Yes, despite their coats, dogs can get insect bites. Insects such as mosquitoes, fleas, ticks, bees, wasps, ants, and even spiders can bite or sting dogs. While many insect bites are minor and may only cause temporary discomfort, some bites can lead to more serious reactions or transmit diseases.
If you're ever unsure about a bite or sting or if your dog experiences symptoms, particularly symptoms of allergy, consult your vet for guidance.
Common insects that bite dogs
1. Fleas
Fleas are one of the most common pests that affect dogs. Their bites can cause intense itching, irritation, and allergic reactions in some dogs, known as flea allergy dermatitis. If not treated, fleas can multiply quickly
and become a serious infestation, causing significant discomfort for your dog.
2. Ticks
Ticks attach themselves to your dog’s skin to feed on their blood. They are particularly dangerous because they can transmit diseases like tick bite fever and ehrlichiosis. A tick bite often leaves a red, irritated bump at the site, and the tick may remain attached until it’s removed.
3. Mosquitos
Mosquito bites on dogs can be irritating, causing red, itchy bumps. More importantly, mosquitoes can transmit heartworm disease, which is a serious and potentially lifethreatening condition.
4. Bees and wasps
Bee and wasp stings can cause pain, swelling, and redness at the sting site. In most cases,
these stings are harmless, but some dogs can have allergic reactions that result in severe swelling or even anaphylaxis, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate veterinary attention.
5. Ants
Some ants bite and inject venom, which can cause localised swelling, redness, and pain. Multiple bites can lead to more significant reactions, especially if the dog is allergic to the venom.
6. Spiders
While most spider bites cause only minor irritation, some species can cause serious reactions in dogs. Their bite can lead to symptoms such as pain, swelling, fever, and even tissue damage or systemic illness in severe cases.
Do genetics play a big role in canine obesity?
Yes, genetics can play a significant role in canine obesity, although it is often a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors, such as diet and exercise, that contribute to a dog becoming overweight.
Genetic
factors contributing to canine obesity
1. Breed predisposition
Certain dog breeds are genetically predisposed to gaining weight more easily than others. For example, breeds like Labrador Retrievers, Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, Dachshunds, and Pugs tend to have a higher risk of obesity due to their genetic makeup. In some breeds, like Labradors, scientists have
even identified specific genetic mutations (such as a mutation in the POMC gene) that affect appetite regulation and lead to increased food-seeking behaviour.
2. Metabolic differences
Genetic factors can influence a dog’s metabolism, determining how efficiently their body uses energy and stores fat. Some dogs may have a slower metabolism, which makes it easier for them to gain weight even with normal or slightly excessive food intake. In contrast, other dogs may naturally burn off calories more quickly, making them less prone to weight gain.
3. Endocrine influences
Genetic factors can also influence hormone production, particularly hormones involved in appetite and fat storage, such as leptin, insulin, and ghrelin. Dysregulation in these hormones can make dogs more prone to overeating or storing excess fat. Conditions like hypothyroidism, which can be inherited, can slow down a dog’s metabolism and lead to weight gain.
Environment and lifestyle factors
While genetics certainly play a role, the environment and lifestyle choices are equally important in determining whether a dog becomes obese. Overfeeding, lack of exercise, and high-calorie diets all contribute to weight gain, even in dogs without a genetic predisposition. Conversely, dogs that are genetically prone to weight gain can maintain a healthy weight if provided with the right diet, portion control, and regular physical activity.
Conclusion
In summary, while genetics do play a role in canine obesity, they are only one part of the equation. Dogs with genetic predispositions can still maintain a healthy weight with proper care, diet, and exercise. Understanding a dog's breed tendencies and genetic factors can help us make informed choices to ensure our dogs stay fit and healthy throughout their lives.
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