DQ Magazine Issue 7B by hqmagazine

DIGITAL ISSUE 7B | 2023

SOUTH AFRICA’S PREMIER DOG MAGAZINE

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2023

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FOOD M PET

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Hello, and welcome to our latest edition of DQ Magazine! This is the edition of the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, and we’ve loved learning all about this gregarious and loving breed. If you’re looking for a family-friendly dog, look no further. The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is your new best friend. Other features this month include: • A look at the health conditions of phantom pregnancy and kennel cough; • Tips for supporting dogs who are anxious about storms; and • A recipe for baking some Halloweenthemed treats for your furry friend. We have lots in store for the end of the year, particularly our December edition, and will be sharing more details next month. So stay tuned for some woof-tastic news. Until next time!

Lizzie and the DQ team xxx

Dr Lizzie Harrison | Editor

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Designer | Anne Royden-Turner

DIGITAL ISSUE 7B | 2023

CONTENTS Cavalier King Charles Spaniel A silky coat and a sharp mind

Spooky pumpkin and peanut butter Halloween dog treats

The art of grooming dogs for shows Tips and tricks

Basic tricks Trick 0: The sit

Weathering the storm Helping dogs cope with storm anxiety

Kennel cough Understanding, preventing, and treating canine respiratory infections

Understanding phantom pregnancy in dogs Causes, symptoms, and care

Q&A Your dog questions answered

Products we love

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BREED PROFILE

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BREED PROFILE

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel A SILKY COAT AND A SHARP MIND

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BREED PROFILE

he Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a charming and elegant breed known for its distinctive appearance and friendly disposition. These small dogs are characterised by their beautiful, silky, and often tricolour coats, which typically feature a combination of rich chestnut, black, and white markings. Their expressive, large, dark eyes give them an endearing, almost puppy-like appearance, and their well-proportioned bodies exude grace and poise.

As companion animals, Cavaliers are incredibly affectionate, social and gentle, making them ideal family pets. They thrive on human companionship. Despite their dainty appearance, they have a playful and lively spirit, enjoying leisurely strolls as much as spirited playtime. The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel's (CKCS) sweet temperament and regal appearance have endeared them to dog lovers worldwide, earning them a special place in the hearts of many.

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BREED PROFILE

HISTORY Despite their grandiose name, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels haven't held recognition in their current form for long. Spaniels have a long history, with reference to pet spaniels being made right back in the 16th century. One memorable story suggests that a lapdog spaniel nestled in the petticoats of Mary Queen of Scots during her execution, while a stronger literary record ties King Charles I and Charles II to the breed's progenitors. Queen Anne was a fan, too, while the Marlborough family are credited with developing the Blenheim coat (earthy brown and white).

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BREED PROFILE

DID YOU KNOW? The USA's Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and England's King Charles Spaniel are often mistaken for the same breed. They are actually two separate breeds with distinct differences between them, although they did share a history before the split.

By the 19th century, the toy spaniel had hit the big time. Queen Victoria's much-loved Dash achieved celebrity status, and dog shows soon ran heavy with well-groomed spaniels. As the years passed, however, the King Charles became affected by shorter faces and rounder skulls. Today, it is widely believed that some owners selectively bred their spaniels with pugs, Pekingese and other increasingly popular Asian toy breeds to achieve this look. The new look quickly gained popularity, and in the early 20th century, these dogs were officially recognised as the King Charles Spaniels.

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BREED PROFILE

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BREED PROFILE

For Roswell Eldridge, a wealthy American, this was unacceptable. He simply couldn't believe that the long-nosed, flat-skulled spaniels of the past had disappeared, and so orchestrated a new Crufts class to encourage their resurgence. The move created limited but persistent interest, and, in 1928, the first Cavalier Club came into being. Having agreed on their goals, the members worked to refine and promote their dogs, achieving separate breed recognition in 1945.

Thanks to their close relationship, the two King Charles breeds still share much in common. Both types have floppy, feathered ears and expressive eyes, while straight backs and rolledback shoulders are also characteristic. The difference between the two really becomes apparent with the head. The muzzle and skull variations are pronounced, and Cavaliers also have straight jaws with an even bite. As a final difference, Cavaliers are often larger than Kings, weighing up to eight and a half kilograms. DQ|7B

BREED PROFILE

APPEARANCE There are four recognised coat colours for the CKCS, each of them highly distinctive. Most complex is the Tricolour, a three-shade coat that mixes extensive black and white sections with tan markings on a dog's face and legs, while Ruby dogs counter with a solid but luxurious gingery red. Black and Tans and Blenheims, meanwhile, both show

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off two shades. For the former, the clue lies in the name; Black and Tans are predominantly black with vivid tan sections that run around the muzzle, the chest, and up all four legs. Blenheims, named after the Oxfordshire estate in the UK where they originated, mix bright white with earthy brown sections. A fuzzy oval right on top of the skull is another unique Blenheim quirk.

BREED PROFILE

PERSONALITY No matter the colour, the Cavalier now enjoys much popularity due to their gregarious, loving personality. CKCS simply love to be around life and make easy, lasting bonds. They are very suitable for family life and multi-dog homes, and their enthusiasm and easy-going nature make them a good fit with children. As shameless attention seekers, CKCS relish physical displays of affection and are happiest on their owner's lap. They don't like to be left alone for long periods of time. As if their wonderful characters weren't enough, the breed is particularly adaptable. Many owners introduce these 'lapdogs' to lengthy walks, obedience and agility training with tremendous results, while less active individuals find that a Cavalier will happily work at their speed.

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BREED PROFILE

HEALTH ISSUES Food-focused and highly adept at getting their way, the CKCS are prone to becoming overweight, and this can result in serious health problems. Chief amongst these is mitral valve disease, a widespread degenerative condition of the heart valve that is potentially fatal. It occurs when the valve between the aorta and left ventricle loses strength, allowing blood to flow in the wrong direction. Blood flow to the body is therefore disrupted and decreases, and the heart gradually becomes damaged.

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BREED PROFILE

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BREED PROFILE

An audible heart murmur can be heard, and this, thankfully, allows the condition to be recognised early. Sadly, MMVD currently has no known cure, although early diagnosis, medication and lifestyle adaptation can lessen symptom severity. Equally concerning is syringomyelia, an extremely distressing disease where pockets develop above the spinal cord, fill with fluid and exert pressure on the spine and brain. The condition has been linked to Chiara-like malformation, a situation where a dog's skull is too small

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for the brain within it. No cure has yet been developed. Syringomyelia is currently mostly managed with painkillers, steroids, physiotherapy and, in some cases, surgery. Afflicted dogs can suffer substantial pain and poor coordination, while some exhibit 'phantom' scratching around the neck. ON A HAPPIER NOTE Outside of the health issues that can plague these dogs, if you just take one look at those sparkling eyes and wide grin, you'll be hooked for life. A healthy CKCS is a pretty unbeatable companion.

DOG NUTRITION

SPOOKY

PUMPKIN AND PEANUT BUTTER HALLOWEEN DOG TREATS

alloween is a fun time for everyone in the family, including your furry friends. Treat your canine companion to some homemade, spooky-themed dog treats that are not only delicious but also safe for them to enjoy. This recipe combines the flavours of pumpkin and peanut butter for a tasty Halloween delight.

• 2 cups whole wheat flour or oat flour (gluten-free if your dog has allergies) • 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon (optional) For the icing: • 2 tablespoons plain Greek yogurt • 1 tablespoon peanut butter

INGREDIENTS For the treats: • 1 cup canned pumpkin puree (not pumpkin pie filling) • 2 tablespoons peanut butter (make sure it doesn't contain xylitol, which is toxic to dogs) • 1/4 cup water DQ|7B

DOG NUTRITION

DIRECTIONS 1. Preheat the oven: Preheat your oven to 175°C and line a baking tray with baking paper. 2. Prepare the dough: In a mixing bowl, combine the pumpkin puree, peanut butter, and water. Stir until the mixture is well-blended. 3. Add flour and cinnamon: Gradually add the flour and cinnamon (if using) to the wet ingredients, mixing to form a dough. You may need to adjust the amount of flour to achieve the right consistency – the dough should be firm and not too sticky.

4. Roll and cut: On a floured surface, roll out the dough to a thickness of about 0.6cm. Use Halloween-themed cookie cutters (like pumpkins, ghosts, or bats) to cut out the treats. Place the cut-outs onto the prepared baking sheet. 5. Bake: Bake the treats in the preheated oven for about 20-25 minutes or until they are golden brown and firm. 6. Prepare the icing: While the treats are cooling, mix the plain Greek yogurt and peanut butter in a small bowl to create the icing.

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DOG NUTRITION

7. Decorate: Once the treats have cooled, drizzle or spread a small amount of the peanut butter-yogurt icing on each treat to create spooky designs. You can get creative with Halloween-themed decorations, like adding yogurt ‘spiderwebs’. 8. Let the icing set: Allow the icing to set for a little while before giving the treats to your dog. You can refrigerate them briefly to help the icing firm up. 9. Serve: Present these homemade Halloween treats to your dog and watch them enjoy this seasonal delight. DQ|7B

TAKE HOME MESSAGE Remember that while these treats are made with dog-friendly ingredients, moderation is key. Halloween is a time for fun, but it's important to ensure that your dog's treats are part of a balanced diet. If your dog has any food allergies or sensitivities, adjust the recipe accordingly or consult with your vet for guidance. Enjoy celebrating Halloween with your canine companion!

DOG GROOMING

The art of grooming

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DOG GROOMING

dogs for shows TIPS AND TRICKS

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DOG GROOMING

rooming dogs for show is a labour of love that requires dedication, patience, and a keen eye for detail. Whether you're a professional handler or an enthusiastic owner looking to present your beloved canine companion in the best possible light, grooming is an essential aspect of the process. In this article, we delve into the world of dog grooming for showing, exploring the

techniques, tools, and tips to help your dog shine in the spotlight. 1. START EARLY Grooming for show dogs should begin at an early age to accustom your pet to the process. The earlier you start, the more relaxed your dog will be when it's time for the big show.

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DOG GROOMING

2. ESTABLISH A ROUTINE Establishing a regular grooming routine will help your dog become more comfortable with the experience. Daily brushing and maintenance are key to keeping the coat in pristine condition. 3. KNOW YOUR DOG'S BREED STANDARD Each breed has specific grooming requirements outlined in their respective breed standards. Familiarise yourself with these standards to understand the ideal appearance for your dog. Pay close attention to coat type, colour, length, and any specific grooming techniques required for your breed. Grooming practices vary significantly from one breed to another.

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4. GATHER THE RIGHT TOOLS Invest in quality grooming tools tailored to your dog's coat type and breed. Common tools include brushes, combs, clippers, scissors, and grooming shears. Different breeds may require specialised equipment, such as stripping knives for terriers or de-shedding tools for double-coated breeds. Consult with experienced groomers or breedspecific resources for guidance on the appropriate tools for your dog.

DOG GROOMING

5. BATHE AND CONDITION Regular bathing is essential for show dogs, as it ensures their coat remains clean and vibrant. Use a high-quality dog shampoo suited to your breed's coat type, followed by a conditioner to maintain softness and manageability. 6. THE ART OF BRUSHING Brushing is a fundamental part of grooming for show dogs. Brush your dog's coat daily to prevent matting and tangling, distribute natural oils, and stimulate healthy hair growth. Use a slicker brush, pin brush, or bristle brush depending on your dog's coat type. Pay special attention to sensitive areas like underarms, ears, and paws.

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DOG GROOMING

7. MASTERING TRIMMING Proper trimming is essential for show dogs to achieve the desired appearance. If you're unsure of how to trim your dog's coat, consult with a professional groomer or breeder who can provide guidance or offer hands-on instruction. Precise trimming can make a significant difference in your dog's presentation. 8. NAIL CARE AND DENTAL HYGIENE In addition to coat grooming, don't forget about nail care and dental hygiene. Keep your dog's nails trimmed to prevent discomfort while walking. Regular teeth cleaning and dental care will ensure your dog has fresh breath in the show ring.

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9. FINAL PREPARATIONS In the days leading up to the show, give your dog a final bath and grooming session. Pay close attention to any last-minute touchups, including trimming, brushing, and combing. Ensure that your dog is clean, well-groomed, and in top condition for show day.

DOG GROOMING

A NOTE ON GROOMING STANDARDS Grooming standards for dogs vary significantly depending on the breed. These standards are established by breed clubs and organisations to maintain the unique characteristics, appearance, and overall health of each breed. Here are some facts about breed grooming standards for dogs: 1. Coat length and type: Grooming standards define the desired coat length and type for each breed. For example, some breeds have long, flowing coats, while others have short and smooth coats. Certain breeds may have double coats, which require specific grooming techniques to maintain.

2. Colour and markings: Breed standards often specify the acceptable colours and markings for a particular breed. Deviations from these standards may disqualify a dog from show competitions. 3. Specific grooming tools: Different breeds require different grooming tools. For example, wire-haired terriers may need stripping knives to maintain their distinctive rough coat, while breeds with long, flowing hair may require specialised brushes and combs to prevent matting.

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DOG GROOMING

4. Facial grooming: Specific attention is often given to the grooming of a dog's face, including the trimming of eyebrows, beard, and moustache. Some breeds, like the Poodle, are known for their intricate facial grooming styles. 5. Paw and leg grooming: Breed standards dictate how a dog's paws and legs should be groomed. This can include trimming the fur on the paws, shaping leg feathers, or maintaining a specific look for the breed. 6. Tail grooming: Breed standards also dictate how a dog’s tail should be groomed. This can include trimming of the hair on the tail and shaping of the tail hair.

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7. Head and muzzle shape: Breed standards may describe the ideal head shape, muzzle length, and stop (the point at which the nose and forehead meet). This is especially important in breeds with distinctive head shapes like the Boxer or Bulldog. Whilst these cannot be changed, choices about facial grooming can improve the overall appearance.

8. Skin and wrinkle care: Breeds with loose or wrinkled skin, such as the Shar-Pei or Bulldog, have specific care requirements to maintain the health and cleanliness of their skin. This is important in all grooming for these breeds as a welfare issue, but any evidence of skin issues due to wrinkles (no matter how old the evidence may be) is, of course, an absolute no-no in showing.

DOG GROOMING

9. Dental care: Some breed standards require that a dog's bite, tooth alignment, and overall dental health meet specific criteria. Proper dental care is essential for these breeds. 10. Ear care: Dogs with floppy ears may require regular cleaning to prevent infections, and ears must be clean for showing. 11. Nail maintenance: Keeping a dog's nails at an appropriate length is crucial. Some breed standards may specify nail colour or require that nails not touch the ground.

12. Grooming for function: In working and hunting breeds, grooming standards may have a functional aspect. For example, some breeds have their coats trimmed to reduce water drag when swimming, or for protection while hunting. Understanding and adhering to these grooming standards is essential for breed preservation and success in dog shows. Grooming plays a significant role in showcasing the unique and defining features of each breed, making it a crucial part of the world of purebred dogs.

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DOG GROOMING

TAKE HOME MESSAGE Grooming dogs for shows is a rewarding endeavour that can strengthen the bond between you and your furry friend. It's a process that requires time, dedication, and attention to detail. By following these tips and techniques, you can ensure your dog looks their best when stepping into the show ring. Remember that grooming for a show is a journey, not a destination, and the ongoing care and dedication will result in a well-prepared and confident canine competitor. So, take pride in your grooming skills and enjoy the journey towards showcasing your dog's true beauty.

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DOG TRAINING

BASIC TRICKS TRICK 0: THE SIT

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DOG TRAINING

elcome to our new series on teaching your dog basic tricks.

First in the series is 'the sit'. The sit falls outside the 'trick' remit but nonetheless is vital as a base for teaching your dog the more advanced manoeuvres to follow. If your dog sits like a pro, you're already ready for trick one next month. THE SIT Teaching your dog to sit is one of the fundamental and valuable commands you can teach them. It's the foundation for many other commands and can help improve their behaviour. Here are step-by-step instructions to teach your dog to sit:

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MATERIALS NEEDED: - Your dog (of course!) - A quiet, distraction-free space - Some small, tasty treats - Patience and positive reinforcement

DOG TRAINING

STEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Prepare the space: Find a quiet place with minimal distractions, such as a living room or small garden. Make sure the space is a safe and comfortable for you and your dog. 2. Gather the treats: Have a small bag of bite-sized treats ready to start. These should be something your dog loves but must not be so large that they are i) rapidly satiating and ii) take too long to chew.

3. Get your dog's attention: Call your dog's name and get their attention. You can use a cheerful tone to engage them. 4. Hold the treat: Stand or sit in front of your dog. Hold the treat above their nose, just out of reach but still within their line of sight. Make sure your dog can see and smell the treat. 5. Give the command: In a clear and firm voice, say "sit." Use this command consistently each time you teach your dog this command.

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DOG TRAINING

6. Guide them into position: Slowly move the treat over your dog's head and towards their back, encouraging them to sit down. Gently push their rear end down if necessary. As soon as they are in the sitting position, immediately give them the treat and praise them enthusiastically. 7. Repeat and reward: Repeat the process multiple times, rewarding your dog each time they successfully sit. Be sure to offer treats and praise immediately after they perform the action. Timing is very important here!

8. Be patient: Some dogs may catch on quickly, while others may need more time to understand the command. Be patient and avoid raising your voice if they don't get it straight away. 9. Practice regularly: Consistency is key. Practice the 'sit' command for a few minutes each day. Reinforce the behaviour in various situations and locations, gradually reducing the use of treats as your dog becomes more skilled at sitting on command. 10. Gradual improvement: As your dog becomes more proficient, use treats less frequently but continue praising them. Once achieving the sit is very easy for them, you can reward them with treats for maintaining the behaviour for longer periods.

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FINAL THOUGHTS Remember that positive reinforcement, patience, and consistency are crucial when teaching your dog any command or trick. 'Sit' is a foundational concept that can serve as a building block for more advanced tricks and behaviour training. Enjoy the bonding experience with your furry friend as you teach them this essential exercise. Next month, we'll be back with something a little more advanced, but in the meantime, happy sitting!

D O G B E H AV I O U R

W E A T THE STORM E R I N G HELPING DOGS COPE WITH STORM ANXIETY

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D O G B E H AV I O U R

torm anxiety is a common issue faced by many dog owners. This article explores the reasons behind this anxiety and provides practical tips to help your beloved canine companion find comfort during turbulent weather. UNDERSTANDING STORM ANXIETY Storm anxiety in dogs, also known as astraphobia or thunderstorm phobia, is a genuine condition characterised by an intense fear of thunderstorms. Various factors, including the loud claps of thunder, bright lightning flashes, changes in atmospheric pressure, and the unpredictable nature of storms, can trigger this anxiety. Dogs with storm anxiety can exhibit a range of behaviours, from panting, trembling, and hiding to more severe reactions like destructive behaviour or attempting to escape.

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WHY DO SOME DOGS FEAR STORMS BUT NOT OTHERS? 1. Sensitivity to noise: Dogs have more acute hearing than humans, and loud thunderclaps and lightning strikes can terrify them. 2. Barometric pressure changes: Many dogs can sense changes in barometric pressure before a storm arrives, making them anxious. 3. Negative associations: Some dogs may have had a traumatic experience during a storm, such as being left outside in bad weather, which can create lasting fear. 4. Pheromones: Dogs can also detect changes in electrical activity and pheromones in the air, which may contribute to their unease. Some dogs, just like some humans, are more sensitive to these changes and past experiences than others.

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HELPING YOUR DOG COPE WITH STORM ANXIETY 1. Create a safe space: Designate a safe and quiet space in your home where your dog can retreat during a storm. Provide comfortable bedding, familiar toys, and dim lighting to create a calming environment.

conditioning can be effective methods. 4. Calming aids: Some dogs may benefit from natural calming aids like lavender diffusers, calming music like white noise, or anxiety-reducing pheromone diffusers. Consult with your vet for recommendations.

2. Distract and comfort: Engage your dog in activities they enjoy, such as play or gentle petting, to help divert their attention from the storm. Comforting words and a reassuring presence can also make a significant difference.

5. Thundershirts: Thundershirts or anxiety wraps are specially designed to provide gentle, consistent pressure that can help calm anxious dogs during storms. For some dogs, these are incredibly effective.

3. Behaviour modification: Consider working with a professional dog trainer or behaviourist to address your dog's anxiety through behaviour modification techniques. Desensitisation and counter-

6. Medication: In severe cases of storm anxiety, your vet may prescribe medication to help alleviate your dog's fear and anxiety. Medication should only be administered under the guidance of a qualified vet.

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D O G B E H AV I O U R

PREVENTIVE MEASURES As with everything in life, preparation in advance is key. 1. Monitor the weather: Keep an eye on weather forecasts so you can be prepared and start implementing calming strategies before a storm. 2. Stay calm: Your dog can pick up on your emotions. Remain calm and composed during a storm, as this can help reassure your pet. DQ|7B

CONCLUSION Storm anxiety in dogs is a real and challenging issue, but with patience, understanding, and the right strategies, you can help your canine companion weather the storms with greater ease. Remember that each dog is unique, so it may take some trial and error to find the most effective approach for your pet. Ultimately, the goal is to provide a safe and comforting environment so your dog can find solace when their anxiety levels are high.

D O G H E A LT H

KENNEL COUGH UNDERSTANDING, PREVENTING, AND TREATING CANINE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS

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D O G H E A LT H

s responsible dog owners, it's our duty to ensure our furry companions lead happy, healthy lives. One common health concern among dogs, especially those that frequently interact with other canines, is kennel cough. In this article, we'll explore what kennel cough is, how it spreads, and what you can do to prevent and treat this contagious respiratory infection.

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WHAT IS KENNEL COUGH? Kennel cough, also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease that affects dogs. It manifests as a persistent, dry, hacking cough, which can be distressing for both dogs and their owners. Kennel cough is similar to a cold in humans and is usually not life-threatening in healthy dogs, but it can still cause discomfort and affect a dog’s quality of life while he is affected.

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CAUSES OF KENNEL COUGH Kennel cough is primarily caused by a combination of viruses and bacteria. The most common culprits include: 1. Bordetella bronchiseptica: This bacterium is a primary cause of kennel cough and is highly contagious. 2. Parainfluenza virus: Another common contributor to kennel cough. 3. Canine adenovirus type 2: This virus can also be involved in the development of the disease.

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D O G H E A LT H

HOW DOES KENNEL COUGH SPREAD? The name ‘kennel cough’ is somewhat misleading, as dogs can contract this illness anywhere they come into contact with infected dogs. Places like kennels, dog parks, and grooming salons are common sources of transmission, but the disease can really be picked up anywhere with other dogs. The disease spreads through the air when infected dogs cough, sneeze, or even play closely with other dogs. It can also be spread through contaminated surfaces and water bowls.

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SYMPTOMS OF KENNEL COUGH The hallmark symptom of kennel cough is a dry, harsh cough. Other common symptoms include: 1. Sneezing 2. A runny nose 3. Eye discharge 4. Lethargy 5. Reduced appetite

D O G H E A LT H

If your dog displays these symptoms, consult your veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment. PREVENTING KENNEL COUGH Prevention is the key to avoiding kennel cough, especially if your dog is frequently in contact with other dogs. Here are some steps you can take: 1. Vaccination: Discuss the kennel cough vaccination with your vet, especially if your dog is regularly in group settings. While the vaccine doesn't guarantee 100% protection,

it can reduce the severity of the illness if your dog becomes infected (a bit like the COVID-19 vaccine for humans). 2. Good hygiene: Ensure that communal areas for dogs are cleaned and disinfected regularly. Wash your dog's food and water bowls and toys frequently. 3. Isolation: If your dog is showing symptoms of kennel cough, keep them isolated from other dogs to prevent further spread.

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D O G H E A LT H

4. Proper ventilation: Adequate air circulation can help reduce the concentration of infectious agents. Open windows or use air purifiers to improve indoor air quality. TREATING KENNEL COUGH If your dog does contract kennel cough, the good news is that it's typically a self-limiting condition and can resolve on its own within a few weeks. However, it's crucial to consult your veterinarian for guidance and potential treatment options, which may include: 1. Antibiotics: These may be prescribed to treat any bacterial infection. 2. Cough suppressants: Your vet may recommend a cough suppressant to provide relief to your dog. DQ|7B

3. Rest and isolation: Allow your dog to rest and recover in a quiet, stress-free environment. Isolate them from other dogs to prevent further transmission. 4. Humidifier: Using a humidifier can help ease your dog's breathing by adding moisture to the air. IN CONCLUSION Kennel cough is a common ailment in dogs, but with proper care and preventive measures, you can reduce the risk of your furry friend contracting this respiratory infection. Regular vaccinations, good hygiene, and early intervention if symptoms appear are key to ensuring your dog's health and happiness. Remember, always consult your veterinarian for advice and treatment options if your dog develops kennel cough.

D O G H E A LT H

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D O G H E A LT H

phantom pregnancy

UNDERSTANDING

IN DOGS

CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND CARE

hantom pregnancy, also known as pseudopregnancy or false pregnancy, is a perplexing condition that affects many female dogs. While not a genuine pregnancy, it can mimic one in various ways and be a source of concern for dog owners and their furry companions. This article explores what phantom pregnancy is, its causes, symptoms, and how to care for your dog during this confusing time.

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D O G H E A LT H

WHAT IS A PHANTOM PREGNANCY? Phantom pregnancy is a hormonal condition that occurs in intact female dogs, typically between six to twelve weeks after they've gone through a heat cycle, whether or not they've been bred. This condition is more common in certain breeds and can manifest with various physical and behavioural symptoms that mimic pregnancy. BREEDS PREDISPOSED TO PHANTOM PREGNANCIES Phantom pregnancies can occur in female dogs of various breeds, but they tend to be more common in certain breeds due to their hormonal predispositions. Breeds that have a higher likelihood of experiencing phantom pregnancies include:

1. Miniature Schnauzer: Miniature Schnauzers are known to be more prone to pseudopregnancies. Their hormonal changes can lead to symptoms such as nesting, lactation, and maternal behaviour. 2. Dachshund: Dachshunds, particularly the long-haired variety, are also more susceptible to phantom pregnancies. These dogs may display signs of mothering, even without having been pregnant.

3. Beagle: Beagles are known for their nurturing instincts, which can sometimes manifest as phantom pregnancies, including enlarged mammary glands and nesting behaviour. 4. Cocker Spaniel: Cocker Spaniels are prone to hormonal fluctuations, which can lead to false pregnancies. Their symptoms may include restlessness and anxious behaviour.

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D O G H E A LT H

5. Poodle: Poodles, especially the Standard and Miniature varieties, are susceptible to phantom pregnancies. These dogs may exhibit maternal behaviours and have enlarged mammary glands. 6. Basset Hound: Basset Hounds can experience pseudopregnancies, with symptoms that mimic a genuine pregnancy, such as nesting and protective instincts.

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It's important to note that while these breeds may have a higher predisposition to phantom pregnancies, this condition can occur in any intact female dog, regardless of breed. If you suspect your dog is experiencing a phantom pregnancy, consult your vet for guidance on how to manage and care for her during this time.

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CAUSES OF A PHANTOM PREGNANCY The exact cause of phantom pregnancy in dogs isn't fully understood, but it's believed to be linked to hormonal imbalances, specifically fluctuations in progesterone and prolactin levels. These hormonal shifts can trigger a false pregnancy response in the dog's body.

COMMON SYMPTOMS OF A PHANTOM PREGNANCY 1. Enlarged mammary glands: One of the most noticeable signs is the enlargement of the dog's mammary glands. Some dogs might even produce milk. 2. Nesting behaviour: Dogs experiencing a phantom pregnancy may exhibit nesting behaviours, like digging and arranging bedding.

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3. Protective instinct: These dogs may become overly protective of toys or even inanimate objects, treating them as if they were puppies.

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4. Weight gain: Some dogs might gain weight or develop a rounder abdomen, resembling a pregnant dog.

6. Vomiting: In some cases, dogs may experience nausea and vomiting.

5. Changes in appetite: Appetite fluctuations, including increased or decreased food consumption, are common.

7. Restlessness or agitation: Restlessness, whining, or anxious behaviour can also occur during phantom pregnancies.

D O G H E A LT H

CARING FOR A DOG WITH A PHANTOM PREGNANCY 1. Consult your vet: If you suspect your dog is experiencing a phantom pregnancy, it's essential to consult your vet. They can rule out true pregnancy or other potential health issues and provide guidance on how to manage the condition.

2. Monitoring and observation: Keep a close eye on your dog and document her symptoms. Share this information with your vet to help in diagnosis and treatment planning. 3. Comfort and support: Offer your dog comfort and support during this confusing time. Providing a quiet, safe space for her to nest and express maternal behaviours can be reassuring.

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D O G H E A LT H

4. Dietary adjustments: If your dog experiences appetite changes, adjust her diet accordingly. Ensure she gets the right nutrition for her altered needs. 5. Avoid milk expression: Refrain from manually expressing milk from her mammary glands, as this can reinforce the false pregnancy.

6. Medical intervention: A veterinarian may recommend medication to alleviate symptoms in severe cases. These medications can help regulate hormonal imbalances and reduce physical discomfort. 7. Spaying: If your dog experiences recurrent or severe phantom pregnancies, spaying may be recommended to prevent future occurrences. Spaying can also reduce the risk of certain reproductive health issues. CONCLUSION Phantom pregnancy can be a confusing and distressing experience for both dogs and their owners. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and how to care for a dog during this time is essential for their well-being. By consulting with a vet and providing the proper support, you can help your dog navigate this temporary hormonal imbalance and ensure her overall health and happiness. Remember, while phantom pregnancies may seem real, they do not indicate any underlying health issues and can often be managed with simple care and support of your canine companion.

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YOUR DOG QUESTIONS ANSWERED

What are pheromones, and how do they impact dogs?

Pheromones are chemical compounds that animals, including dogs, release into their environment to communicate with other members of their species. These chemical signals convey various messages and play a significant role in social and reproductive behaviours. Pheromones affect dogs in several ways, and they are essential for their understanding and interpretation of

their surroundings and interactions. Here's a more detailed explanation of pheromones and their impact on dogs: TYPES OF PHEROMONES IN DOGS: 1. Releaser pheromones: These pheromones are responsible for immediate, specific responses in other dogs. For example, a female dog in heat releases pheromones that signal her readiness to mate. 2. Primer pheromones: Primer pheromones have more long-term effects and can influence behaviours over time. They help regulate the hormonal and physiological changes related to a dog's reproductive cycle. HOW PHEROMONES AFFECT DOGS: 1. Communication: Dogs use pheromones to communicate with one another. For instance, when a dog marks a territory with their scent, they are communicating to other dogs about their presence and status. Pheromones can convey information about a dog's age, sex, and emotional state. 2. Social bonding: Mother dogs and their puppies use pheromones to establish a strong bond. The maternal pheromones help puppies locate their mother's nipples for nursing and create a sense of security. DQ|7B

Q&A

3. Calming: Some pheromones, like the appeasing pheromones produced by lactating female dogs, have a calming effect on other dogs. These are often used in commercial products to help alleviate stress and anxiety in dogs.

1. Calming pheromones: Products that mimic calming pheromones are used to reduce stress and anxiety in dogs. These can be helpful during events like thunderstorms, fireworks, or separation anxiety.

4. Aggression and mating: Pheromones can play a role in triggering aggressive behaviours, especially when two unfamiliar dogs encounter each other. Additionally, they play a crucial role in mating behaviour, where male and female dogs use pheromones to signal their readiness for reproduction.

2. Socialisation: Pheromones play a role in dogs' social interactions, so understanding their significance can help facilitate successful introductions between dogs.

5. Fear and stress: Dogs can emit pheromones when frightened or stressed. This can serve as a warning signal to other dogs, indicating that the emitting dog may be unpredictable or potentially dangerous. APPLICATIONS IN DOG BEHAVIOUR AND TRAINING: Understanding how pheromones affect dogs can be valuable in dog training and behaviour modification: DQ|7B

3. Territorial behaviour: Knowing that dogs use pheromones for marking territory can help you better comprehend your dog's behaviour and possibly address marking issues in the house. In summary, pheromones are chemical signals that dogs use to influence various behaviours and responses and communicate with each other. Understanding the role of pheromones in canine behaviour can provide valuable insights for dog owners and trainers to improve the well-being of and relationships with their canine companions.

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to no carbohydrate, moderate protein and high fat. Tripe can also entice dogs who may not feel all that well and are reticent to eat. Our 100% Green Beef Tripe (and nothing else) is made from the best quality local beef with no preservatives, colourants or artificial flavourants. The PaleoPet Pure range is FSA Food Safety certified and DALRRD registered. Also available in convenient, pre-frozen 1,5 Kg and 750g tubs or as a box of 12 individually wrapped 100g Patties. The tubs are reusable, recyclable and PBA-free. Products can be purchased online at www.paleopetpure.com and delivered to your door or bought at selected retailers.

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