childrens
Time
// less commuting time; more fun times for the children in Beijing
project Jiao Peng Term 2/3 Unit 22 Year 5
Chapter 1 Program
Bicycles can be parked in public parking space and assigned space inside the courtyard.
Bike
Private cars can be parked in public parking space and assigned space inside the courtyard.
Car
Vertical car parking
Car parking
Bus
Water harvesting
Solar harvesting
Wind harvesting
Single family
Child
Garden
Exercising while playing
Gardening with parents
Chapter 1 Program
Air pollution reduction
400~450 families could live at new building per year
About 59% chirldren spend more than 40 minutes from home to school by car.
59% 41%
18000 Kids study at home 972000 Kids study at school
1 万 8 在家学习
Beijing
10000 students
10000 kids study at boarding school
2015 February Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Chapter 1 Program There are almost 450 to 500 students in every pupilc school of Beijing.
£ 7500/ m2- £ 8500/ m2 £ 5500/ m2 - £6500/ m2
2 4
£ 7000/ m2- £ 8500/ m2 £ 5700/ m2 - £6400/ m2
5 £ 8000/ m2- £ 8500/ m2 £ 6000/ m2 1
8 10 £ 7100/ m2- £ 7200/ m2 £ 5500/ m2 - £6000/ m2
6
£ 7500/ m2- £ 8500/ m2 £ 6000/ m2 - £7000/ m2
£ 7300/ m2 £ 6000/ m2 - £ 6500/ m2 7
9 £ 8000/ m2 £ 6800/ m2 - £ 7500/ m2
average income / month：£600~£700
Ranking:
average meal cost / month £50~200
1. The Beijing Second Experimental Elementary School 2. ZhongGuancun First Primary School 3. Beijing Guangming Primary School 4. ZhongGuancun Third Primary School 5. Beijing Shifan Experimental Primary School 6.Jingshan Primary School 7.Beijing Primary School 8.Beijing Chaoyang Experimental Primary School 9.Yuming Primary School 10. Shijia Primary School
average clothing cost / month £100~200
£ 5000/ m2 £ 4000/ m2 - £4500/ m2
average cost of renting apartment / month £200~300
3
average gas cost / month £40 School district housing
Price of School District Housing
Non-school district housing around this area
for sale：£ 5069/ m2 for rent：£6200 per month
year 2000
for sale：£ 5553/m2 for rent：£1700 per month
2000
for sale：£ 6670/ m2 for rent：£1700 per month
Chapter 1 Program Beijing population consumption: house prices Beijing per capita income is far below the housing price , whereas the school rankings affect housing prices around the school.
2003
for sale：£ 7264/ m2 for rent：£2100 per month
1998
Chinese Shadow Puppetry Bus route Peking Opera Bus route Paper Cutting Bus route Quyi (telling and singing arts) Bus route Chinese Folk cultural Bus route
Chapter 1 Program Site and bus routes
Shifting from the horizontal movement
into a vertical mode of transportation
Chapter 1 Program
Chapter 1 Program Temporary Boarding School Complex: A tower that contains general and transient accommodation, located near The Chinese. Traditional Culture Museum. In addition to the normal course of learning, children will gain better understanding of Chinese traditional culture.
Chapter 1 Program Cultural Learning Complex A: a tower containing cultural school and transient accommodation, sited nearby high school, reducing children's communiting time, while providing the paper cutting and chinese traditional opera corses.
Chapter 1 Program Cultural Learning Complex B: a tower containing cultural school and temporary accommodation, sited nearby The Paper Cutting Museum and Chinese Opera Theater, providing courses to lean paper cutting and chinese traditional opera.
Chapter 1 Program Temporary Residential Commplex: A residential tower located nearby School and The Cultural Center, providing temporary housing for students and their psrents.
Chapter 1 Program Temporary Boarding School Commplex: A tower contains regular school programs as well as temporary housing, located nearby The Chinese Traditional Culture Museum, providing childeren with more opportunities to learn about the traditional culture.
Chapter 1 Program Temporary Boarding School Commplex: A residential tower located inbetween The Chinese Traditional Culture Museum and schools, providing accomondations for children who travel long distance between house and school.
24.00 23.00 22.00 21.00 20.00 19.00 18.00 17.00 16.00 15.00 14.00 13.00 12.00 11.00 10.00 9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00
1
Dec.
2
Jan. Feb.
Nov. Winter Holiday
Term. 1
Mar.
Oct.
Term. 2
Apr.
Sep. Summer holiday May
Aug. Jul.
Jun.
Renting the apartment/house for one term Kids live and schooling in the same building complex Kids live in the building complex Kids live near the building complex and schooling to the building complex Kids coming to the building complex to learn interest things
Chapter 1 Program The resident (children) time table
Chapter 1 Program
Chapter 1 Program Axonometric drawing
Chapter 1 Program Interior top view / Paper Cutting
Chapter 1 Program Interior top view / Chinese Opera
Chapter 2 Structure
Capacity Design
a) Column sidesway mechanism (soft storey)
b) Beam sidesway mechanismz
Louis Kahn. Architectural Review v.121 n.724 May 1957: 345
Frei Otto. Casabella 301 1966: 39
Capacity Design is a design process in which it is decided which objects within a structural system will be permitted to yield (ductile components) and which objects will remain elastic (brittle components). Once ductile and brittle systems are decided upon, design proceeds according to the following guidelines: Ductile components are designed with sufficient deformation capacity such that they may satisfy displacement-based demand-capacity ratio. Brittle components are designed to achieve sufficient strength levels such that they may satisfy strength-based demand-capacity ratio.
Chapter 2 Structure
Chapter 2 Structure Various structural combination
wind
Steel
Cable
Concrete
Chapter 2 Structure Material strategy
Chapter 2 Structure
结构可以支撑 bus
Chapter 2 Structure
Construction process stages
Children's playground equipment:
spiral structure
Pasarela Atirantada "La Rosa"
Chapter 2 Structure
Chapter 2 Structure Spiral structure with in the building complex
Nodes installation
Nodes installation
vo trong nghia renovates house in hanoi with cascading green facade
Facade structure
Primary structure
Spiral structure
Shabolovskaya tower
Telescope method of assembling
Chapter 2 Structure
Lattice construction
Primary steel structure
Lattice structure / External bracing
Spiral infrastructure
Green facade structure
NEObankside
Telescope method of assembling
Chapter 2 Structure
Fernanda clement rodriguez
Chapter 3 Urban effect
The distribution of residential area in 1981
The distribution of residential area in 2009
The distribution of residential area in 1991
The distribution of residential area in 2003
the distance from home to underground
the distance from home to school the distance from home to hospital
500m 1000m 1500m 2000m 2500m 3000m 3500m
the distance from home to park area
4000m
the distance from home to business area
4500m 5000m
The average minimum distance from residential areas to each service area
Chapter 3 Urban effect The development of residential area in Beijing
school
Bus routs arond all beijing
site 1
site 2 site 3
museums related with Chinese Shadow museums related with Peking Opera museums related with Paper Cutting museums related with Quyi museums related with Chinese Folk culture
???
wide street
initial idea
???
lowrise residential
initial idea
???
wide street + lowrise residential
Chapter 3 Urban effect The selected three different site conditions in the city of Beijing
initial idea
Chapter 3 Urban effect Sites
350
9m 7-9 m 5-7 m 3-5 m 3m
300 250 200 150 100 50 0
112
111
296
142
93
Street number statistics of Beijing Xicheng distract
Site
4%
11% 13%
Chinese shadow Peking opera Paper Cutting Quyi Chinese Folk culture
street view
street view
Chapter 3 Urban effect Selected site 1
72%
Highways The main roads Secondary main roads Alleys
Chapter 3 Urban effect
Chapter 3 Urban effect Selected site 2
Chapter 3 Urban effect
Chapter 3 Urban effect Selected site 3
Chapter 3 Urban effect
Chapter 4 House,outdoor space, pedagogical
Perspective 1: two-persons loft apartment
Perspective 2: three-persons loft apartment
Perspective 3: five-persons loft apartment
Chapter 4 House,outdoor space, pedagogical
30. Caishikou Hutong Primary School 3. Beijing Experimental Primary School
21. Youanmen Street No.2 Primary School 1. Beijing Primary School
4. Kangle li Primary School
15. Baizhifang Primary School 16. Shangxie Street School 17. Nancaiyuan Primary School
20. Tan Hutong Primary School
32. Zongshu Xiejie Primary 6. Beijing Zoudu Primary School
27. Qingnianhu Primary 28. Zhongheng Street Primary School
23. Housun Garden Primary 8. Banbuqiao Primar y
22. Liulichang Primar y
11. Xuanshi Erfu Primary 29. Laoqianggen Primary
26. Tianningsi Primary School
13. Guanganmen NO.1 Primary School 12. Xingchang Primary School 14. Honglian Primar y
10. New Century Experimental Primary School
18. Sanyili Primary School
7. Huimin Primary School
25. Taiping Street Primary School
9. Taoranting Primary School
24. Cunshuguan Primary School
5. Yucai Primary School
2. Beijing Shifan NO.1 School
Guang’anmen Street
Teachers Students Classes Construction area
The distribution of resources for primary education in the Xuanwu district
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0% 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
The proportion of the number of school area, students, teachers and classes
Construction area Students Teachers Classes
1800
Central Beijing
1500
Xuanwu district
1200
900
600
300
0
3
4
1
2
Comparison of the planned student population and enrollment school student
Planned students Enrollment students
Beijing map
Chapter 1 Program The uneven distribution of schools in different areas and large difference in the quality of educational resources including building facilities and teacher resources
Chapter 4 House,outdoor space, pedagogical
教育方式
computer
Chapter 4 House,outdoor space, pedagogical Traditional educational method
Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation
Air pollution in Beijing
Emission from other area 30% Others
Beijing pollution emission 70%
Contamination between cities 10%
Auto vehicles
14.1%
Dust 14.3%
600 500 400
31.1%
408.9
498.3
520.2
543.7
401.9
300 200
18.1%
Coal fired
22.4%
Industrial Production
100 0
Main causes of pollution emissions in Beijing
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Auto vehicle usage in Beijing
11000 9625 8250 6875 5500 4125
60%
2750
40%
1375 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation Auto vehicle usage and causes of pollution
In China, 60% of PM2.5 are from burning coal and fuel.
High-altitude ground trees Vehicle exhaust
Pine Tree
Pine Tree
Garden centre
Osmanthus fragrans
Magnolia gradiflora
Low-altitude ground trees Garden centre
Deciduous tree
Deciduous tree
Garden centre
Low-altitude ground trees Industrial Pollution
Rubber Plant
Forsythia
Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation
Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation
76.52%
0 Kilometre
1 Kilometre
2 Kilometre
3 Kilometre
4 Kilometre
44% 23.48%
12% 7%
12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0%
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
taxi
Switching from using private vehicle to bus
35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0%
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
private vehicle
40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10%
public vehicle
5% 0%
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0%
bicycle
The proportion of Vehicles used in Beijing
Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation
5 Kilometre
Solar power collector
Pipelines and facilities
Circuit facilities
Pipelines and facilities Wind power collector
Pipelines and facilities
Rain water collector
Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation
1. Beijing Primary School
2.Beijing Experimental Primary School
3. Beijing Shifan NO.1 School
The distribution of resources for primary education in the Xuanwu district
4%
2%
3% 14%
8%
43%
15%
52%
42% 17%
Beijing Primary School
Beijing Experimental Primary School
1%
8% 20%
9%
2%
15%
48%
47.6% 26.4%
23%
Beijing Shifan NO.1 School
Private car Bus Bicycle School bus Other
The average of three schools
Means of transportation of student
100%
30%
80%
25%
60%
20% 15%
40%
10%
20%
5%
0%
0%
1
1. Under 2 km. 2. 2 to 5 km. 3. 5 to 10 km. 4. 10 to 15 km. 5. More than 15 km.
2
3
4
5
6.00 6.20 6.40 7.00 7.20 7.40 8.00 8.20 8.40 9.00
Private car Public transportation Bicycle Walk School bus Other
Means of transportation according to distance between residence and school
Congestion time of students
Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation Research about the distribution of student residence transportation and commuting times
Vertical Parking Chicago Ca. 1940
Marina City Towers, Chicago by Bertrand Goldberg in 1959-64
Vertical parking chain driven
Vertical parking system, USA, 1972
Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation