Term2 and 3

childrens

Time

// less commuting time; more fun times for the children in Beijing

project Jiao Peng Term 2/3 Unit 22 Year 5

Chapter 1 Program

Bicycles can be parked in public parking space and assigned space inside the courtyard.

Bike

Private cars can be parked in public parking space and assigned space inside the courtyard.

Car

Vertical car parking

Car parking

Bus

Water harvesting

Solar harvesting

Wind harvesting

Single family

Child

Garden

Exercising while playing

Gardening with parents

Chapter 1 Program

Air pollution reduction

400~450 families could live at new building per year

About 59% chirldren spend more than 40 minutes from home to school by car.

59% 41%

18000 Kids study at home 972000 Kids study at school

1 万 8 在家学习

Beijing

10000 students

10000 kids study at boarding school

2015 February Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

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18

19

20

21

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24

25

26

27

28

Chapter 1 Program There are almost 450 to 500 students in every pupilc school of Beijing.

£ 7500/ m2- £ 8500/ m2 £ 5500/ m2 - £6500/ m2

2 4

£ 7000/ m2- £ 8500/ m2 £ 5700/ m2 - £6400/ m2

5 £ 8000/ m2- £ 8500/ m2 £ 6000/ m2 1

8 10 £ 7100/ m2- £ 7200/ m2 £ 5500/ m2 - £6000/ m2

6

£ 7500/ m2- £ 8500/ m2 £ 6000/ m2 - £7000/ m2

£ 7300/ m2 £ 6000/ m2 - £ 6500/ m2 7

9 £ 8000/ m2 £ 6800/ m2 - £ 7500/ m2

average income / month：£600~£700

Ranking:

average meal cost / month £50~200

1. The Beijing Second Experimental Elementary School 2. ZhongGuancun First Primary School 3. Beijing Guangming Primary School 4. ZhongGuancun Third Primary School 5. Beijing Shifan Experimental Primary School 6.Jingshan Primary School 7.Beijing Primary School 8.Beijing Chaoyang Experimental Primary School 9.Yuming Primary School 10. Shijia Primary School

average clothing cost / month £100~200

£ 5000/ m2 £ 4000/ m2 - £4500/ m2

average cost of renting apartment / month £200~300

3

average gas cost / month £40 School district housing

Price of School District Housing

Non-school district housing around this area

for sale：£ 5069/ m2 for rent：£6200 per month

year 2000

for sale：£ 5553/m2 for rent：£1700 per month

2000

for sale：£ 6670/ m2 for rent：£1700 per month

Chapter 1 Program Beijing population consumption: house prices Beijing per capita income is far below the housing price , whereas the school rankings affect housing prices around the school.

2003

for sale：£ 7264/ m2 for rent：£2100 per month

1998

Chinese Shadow Puppetry Bus route Peking Opera Bus route Paper Cutting Bus route Quyi (telling and singing arts) Bus route Chinese Folk cultural Bus route

Chapter 1 Program Site and bus routes

Shifting from the horizontal movement

into a vertical mode of transportation

Chapter 1 Program

Chapter 1 Program Temporary Boarding School Complex: A tower that contains general and transient accommodation, located near The Chinese.

Traditional Culture Museum. In addition to the normal course of learning, children will gain better understanding of Chinese traditional culture.

Chapter 1 Program Cultural Learning Complex A: a tower containing cultural school and transient accommodation, sited nearby high school, reducing children's communiting time, while providing the paper cutting and chinese traditional opera corses.

Chapter 1 Program Cultural Learning Complex B: a tower containing cultural school and temporary accommodation, sited nearby The Paper Cutting Museum and Chinese Opera Theater, providing courses to lean paper cutting and chinese traditional opera.

Chapter 1 Program Temporary Residential Commplex: A residential tower located nearby School and The Cultural Center, providing temporary housing for students and their psrents.

Chapter 1 Program Temporary Boarding School Commplex: A tower contains regular school programs as well as temporary housing, located nearby The Chinese Traditional Culture Museum, providing childeren with more opportunities to learn about the traditional culture.

Chapter 1 Program Temporary Boarding School Commplex: A residential tower located inbetween The Chinese Traditional Culture Museum and schools, providing accomondations for children who travel long distance between house and school.

24.00 23.00 22.00 21.00 20.00 19.00 18.00 17.00 16.00 15.00 14.00 13.00 12.00 11.00 10.00 9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00

1

Dec.

2

Jan. Feb.

Nov. Winter Holiday

Term. 1

Mar.

Oct.

Term. 2

Apr.

Sep. Summer holiday May

Aug. Jul.

Jun.

Renting the apartment/house for one term Kids live and schooling in the same building complex Kids live in the building complex Kids live near the building complex and schooling to the building complex Kids coming to the building complex to learn interest things

Chapter 1 Program The resident (children) time table

Chapter 1 Program

Chapter 1 Program Axonometric drawing

Chapter 1 Program Interior top view / Paper Cutting

Chapter 1 Program Interior top view / Chinese Opera

Chapter 2 Structure

Capacity Design

a) Column sidesway mechanism (soft storey)

b) Beam sidesway mechanismz

Louis Kahn. Architectural Review v.121 n.724 May 1957: 345

Frei Otto. Casabella 301 1966: 39

Capacity Design is a design process in which it is decided which objects within a structural system will be permitted to yield (ductile components) and which objects will remain elastic (brittle components).

Once ductile and brittle systems are decided upon, design proceeds according to the following guidelines: Ductile components are designed with sufficient deformation capacity such that they may satisfy displacement-based demand-capacity ratio.

Brittle components are designed to achieve sufficient strength levels such that they may satisfy strength-based demand-capacity ratio.

Chapter 2 Structure

Chapter 2 Structure Various structural combination

wind

Steel

Cable

Concrete

Chapter 2 Structure Material strategy

Chapter 2 Structure

结构可以支撑 bus

Chapter 2 Structure

Construction process stages

Children's playground equipment:

spiral structure

Pasarela Atirantada "La Rosa"

Chapter 2 Structure

Chapter 2 Structure Spiral structure with in the building complex

Nodes installation

Nodes installation

vo trong nghia renovates house in hanoi with cascading green facade

Facade structure

Primary structure

Spiral structure

Shabolovskaya tower

Telescope method of assembling

Chapter 2 Structure

Lattice construction

Primary steel structure

Lattice structure / External bracing

Spiral infrastructure

Green facade structure

NEObankside

Telescope method of assembling

Chapter 2 Structure

Fernanda clement rodriguez

Chapter 3 Urban effect

The distribution of residential area in 1981

The distribution of residential area in 2009

The distribution of residential area in 1991

The distribution of residential area in 2003

the distance from home to underground

the distance from home to school the distance from home to hospital

500m 1000m 1500m 2000m 2500m 3000m 3500m

the distance from home to park area

4000m

the distance from home to business area

4500m 5000m

The average minimum distance from residential areas to each service area

Chapter 3 Urban effect The development of residential area in Beijing

school

Bus routs arond all beijing

site 1

site 2 site 3

museums related with Chinese Shadow museums related with Peking Opera museums related with Paper Cutting museums related with Quyi museums related with Chinese Folk culture

???

wide street

initial idea

???

lowrise residential

initial idea

???

wide street + lowrise residential

Chapter 3 Urban effect The selected three different site conditions in the city of Beijing

initial idea

Chapter 3 Urban effect Sites

350

9m 7-9 m 5-7 m 3-5 m 3m

300 250 200 150 100 50 0

112

111

296

142

93

Street number statistics of Beijing Xicheng distract

Site

4%

11% 13%

Chinese shadow Peking opera Paper Cutting Quyi Chinese Folk culture

street view

street view

Chapter 3 Urban effect Selected site 1

72%

Highways The main roads Secondary main roads Alleys

Chapter 3 Urban effect

Chapter 3 Urban effect Selected site 2

Chapter 3 Urban effect

Chapter 3 Urban effect Selected site 3

Chapter 3 Urban effect

Chapter 4 House,outdoor space, pedagogical

Perspective 1: two-persons loft apartment

Perspective 2: three-persons loft apartment

Perspective 3: five-persons loft apartment

Chapter 4 House,outdoor space, pedagogical

30. Caishikou Hutong Primary School 3. Beijing Experimental Primary School

21. Youanmen Street No.2 Primary School 1. Beijing Primary School

4. Kangle li Primary School

15. Baizhifang Primary School 16. Shangxie Street School 17. Nancaiyuan Primary School

20. Tan Hutong Primary School

32. Zongshu Xiejie Primary 6. Beijing Zoudu Primary School

27. Qingnianhu Primary 28. Zhongheng Street Primary School

23. Housun Garden Primary 8. Banbuqiao Primar y

22. Liulichang Primar y

11. Xuanshi Erfu Primary 29. Laoqianggen Primary

26. Tianningsi Primary School

13. Guanganmen NO.1 Primary School 12. Xingchang Primary School 14. Honglian Primar y

10. New Century Experimental Primary School

18. Sanyili Primary School

7. Huimin Primary School

25. Taiping Street Primary School

9. Taoranting Primary School

24. Cunshuguan Primary School

5. Yucai Primary School

2. Beijing Shifan NO.1 School

Guang’anmen Street

Teachers Students Classes Construction area

The distribution of resources for primary education in the Xuanwu district

12%

10%

8%

6%

4%

2%

0% 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

The proportion of the number of school area, students, teachers and classes

Construction area Students Teachers Classes

1800

Central Beijing

1500

Xuanwu district

1200

900

600

300

0

3

4

1

2

Comparison of the planned student population and enrollment school student

Planned students Enrollment students

Beijing map

Chapter 1 Program The uneven distribution of schools in different areas and large difference in the quality of educational resources including building facilities and teacher resources

Chapter 4 House,outdoor space, pedagogical

教育方式

computer

Chapter 4 House,outdoor space, pedagogical Traditional educational method

Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation

Air pollution in Beijing

Emission from other area 30% Others

Beijing pollution emission 70%

Contamination between cities 10%

Auto vehicles

14.1%

Dust 14.3%

600 500 400

31.1%

408.9

498.3

520.2

543.7

401.9

300 200

18.1%

Coal fired

22.4%

Industrial Production

100 0

Main causes of pollution emissions in Beijing

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Auto vehicle usage in Beijing

11000 9625 8250 6875 5500 4125

60%

2750

40%

1375 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation Auto vehicle usage and causes of pollution

In China, 60% of PM2.5 are from burning coal and fuel.

High-altitude ground trees Vehicle exhaust

Pine Tree

Pine Tree

Garden centre

Osmanthus fragrans

Magnolia gradiflora

Low-altitude ground trees Garden centre

Deciduous tree

Deciduous tree

Garden centre

Low-altitude ground trees Industrial Pollution

Rubber Plant

Forsythia

Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation

Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation

76.52%

0 Kilometre

1 Kilometre

2 Kilometre

3 Kilometre

4 Kilometre

44% 23.48%

12% 7%

12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

taxi

Switching from using private vehicle to bus

35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

private vehicle

40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10%

public vehicle

5% 0%

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0%

bicycle

The proportion of Vehicles used in Beijing

Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation

5 Kilometre

Solar power collector

Pipelines and facilities

Circuit facilities

Pipelines and facilities Wind power collector

Pipelines and facilities

Rain water collector

Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation

1. Beijing Primary School

2.Beijing Experimental Primary School

3. Beijing Shifan NO.1 School

The distribution of resources for primary education in the Xuanwu district

4%

2%

3% 14%

8%

43%

15%

52%

42% 17%

Beijing Primary School

Beijing Experimental Primary School

1%

8% 20%

9%

2%

15%

48%

47.6% 26.4%

23%

Beijing Shifan NO.1 School

Private car Bus Bicycle School bus Other

The average of three schools

Means of transportation of student

100%

30%

80%

25%

60%

20% 15%

40%

10%

20%

5%

0%

0%

1

1. Under 2 km.

2. 2 to 5 km.

3. 5 to 10 km.

4. 10 to 15 km.

5. More than 15 km.

2

3

4

5

6.00 6.20 6.40 7.00 7.20 7.40 8.00 8.20 8.40 9.00

Private car Public transportation Bicycle Walk School bus Other

Means of transportation according to distance between residence and school

Congestion time of students

Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation Research about the distribution of student residence transportation and commuting times

Vertical Parking Chicago Ca. 1940

Marina City Towers, Chicago by Bertrand Goldberg in 1959-64

Vertical parking chain driven

Vertical parking system, USA, 1972

Chapter 5 Pollution and Transportation