ARC134
Latin American Modernism: Brazil and Mexico
Brazil Independence from Portugal 1822 Empire 1822-1889 Republican government 1889-1930 Revolution 1930 Dictatorship of Getulio Vargas 1930-45 Democratic governance 1946-54 Presidency of Juscelino Kubitscheck 1954-60
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/26 History and Culture of Brazil Rio de Janeiro –Monte do Carmo Cathedral Portuguese Colonial Baroque
Rio de Janeiro, late 19th century
Rio de Janeiro, hill leveling and coastal infill
Demolition of Morro do Castello to permit business district expansion
2/0 Exporting Ideas: Mexico and Brazil Abroad Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Arc 500.1 1908 - National Exposition - Commemorating the Spring 2011 Dialogando em Portu単ol 100th anniversary of the opening of the ports to the friendly nations
2/0 Exporting Ideas: Mexico and Brazil Abroad Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Arc 500.1 1908 - National Exposition - Commemorating the Spring 2011 Dialogando em Portu単ol 100th anniversary of the opening of the ports to the friendly nations
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Rio de Janeiro – Avenida Rio Branco
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31 Importing Ideas: European Influences Rio de Janeiro – Theatro Municipal - 1903
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31 Importing Ideas: European Influences Rio de Janeiro – Theatro Municipal - 1903
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Rio de Janeiro – Palacio Tiradentes
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Sao Paulo – Opera House
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/26 History and Culture of Brazil Latin America – Land of Opportunity Japanese Immigration to Brazil
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em Portuñol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/26 History and Culture of Brazil 1930-1945 –Vargas Era – Estado Novo
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em Portu単ol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Le Corbusier and South America
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em Portu単ol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Le Corbusier and South America
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em Portuñol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Le Corbusier – Plan for Sao Paulo – Viaduct City
Rio de Janeiro: Le Corbusierâ€&#x;s sketch for a new master plan, 1929 View is from the north with CBD in foreground, Sugarloaf Mountain in middle distance, and Zona Sul including Copacabana, Ipanema, and Leblon in the distance at right
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31 Importing Ideas: European Influences Le Corbusier – Plan for Rio de Janeiro - 1929
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Le Corbusier – Plan for Rio de Janeiro 1929
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Le Corbusier and Brazil Corbusier sketch – view of the Landscape takes over
Le Corbusier, University of Brazil (project), intended for a waterfront site north of the Rio CBD
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em Portu単ol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Le Corbusier Oscar Niemeyer - 1936
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em Portu単ol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Le Corbusier and Lucio Costa
Ministry of Health and Education (MES), Rio de Janeiro: initial sketch by Le Corbusier (left) and revised design (right)
Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer, with Le Corbusier as a consultant, Ministry of Health and Education (MES), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1937-43 First large-scale use of the brise-soleil (on the north side, with exposed curtainwall on the south side)
Ministry of Health and Education (MES
MES roof gardens by Roberto Burle Marx
It is not the right angle that attracts me, nor the straight line, hard and inflexible, created by man. What attracts me is the free and sensual curve — the curve that I find in the mountains of my country, in the sinuous course of its rivers, in the body of the beloved woman. Lyrical Architecture Latin American Modernism Oscar Niemeyer Arc 134 - Spring 2011 Born 1907
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Lyrical Architecture & Oscar Niemeyer Bay and skyline of Rio de Janeiro – Brazil Sinuous and „Erotic‟ Curves reminiscent to the Body of a
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
1939 New York World‟s Fair – “Dawn of a new Day” Brazilian Pavilion Oscar Niemeyer & Lucio Costa
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
1939 New York World‟s Fair – “Dawn of a new Day” Brazilian Pavilion Oscar Niemeyer & Lucio Costa
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
1939 New York World‟s Fair – “Dawn of a new Day” Brazilian Pavilion Oscar Niemeyer & Lucio Costa
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
1939 New York World‟s Fair – “Dawn of a new Day” Brazilian Pavilion Oscar Niemeyer & Lucio Costa
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Brazilian Pavilion - Oscar Niemeyer & Lucio Costa Vs. Carpenter Center – Harvard Campus - Le Corbusier - 1964
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Pampulha Complex – Belo Horizonte Casa do Baile – 1940-1943 Oscar Niemeyer
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Pampulha Complex – Belo Horizonte Casa do Baile – 1940-1943 Oscar Niemeyer
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Pampulha Complex – Belo Horizonte Church of St. Francis – 1940-1943 Oscar Niemeyer
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Residential Building Belo Horizonte, 1955-1960 Oscar Niemeyer
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Copan Housing Tower Sao Paulo, 1957-1966 Oscar Niemeyer
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
The Canoas House Rio de Janiero, 1953 Oscar Niemeyer
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
The Canoas House Rio de Janiero, 1953 Oscar Niemeyer
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
The Canoas House Rio de Janiero, 1953 Oscar Niemeyer
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
The Canoas House Rio de Janiero, 1953 Oscar Niemeyer
Expansion of Rio into the Zona Sul, including Copacabana, Ipanema, and Leblon
Expansion of Rio into the Zona Sul, including Copacabana, Ipanema, and Leblon Portuguese-style paving in Copacabana by Roberto Burle Marx
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Lyrical Landscapes Roberto Burle Marx
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Lyrical Landscapes Copacabana Beach Promenade - Rio de Janeiro Roberto Burle Marx
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Lyrical Landscapes Copacabana Beach Promenade - Rio de Janeiro Roberto Burle Marx
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Lyrical Landscapes Residencia Edmundo Cavanellas– 1954 Roberto Burle Marx & Oscar Niemeyer
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Lyrical Landscapes Residencia Edmundo Cavanellas– 1954 Roberto Burle Marx & Oscar Niemeyer
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Lyrical Landscapes MES – Ministry of Health & Education – Rio de Janeiro – 1937-1943
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Lyrical Landscapes Odette Monteiro Estate – Rio de Janeiro - 1948 Roberto Burle Marx
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Disneyâ€&#x;s - Ze Carioca
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Rio – Cartoon Movie
Alfonso Reidy, Pedregulho housing complex, Rio de Janeiro, 1947-
Alfonso Reidy, Pedregulho housing complex, Rio de Janeiro, 1947-
Constantinos Doxiadis, proposal for developments in Copacabana in the Zona Sul of Rio de Janeiro, 1960s
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em Portuñol
1/26 History and Culture of Brazil Arc 500.1 1956-1961 –– Second Republic – Kubitshek Presidency Spring 2011
Brasiliรก, new capital of Brazil, 1957plan: Lucio Costa architecture: Oscar Niemeyer client: President Juscelino Kubitscheck
Brasiliรก, new capital of Brazil, 1957-: Brazilian population distribution in 1950
Brasiliรก, new capital of Brazil, 1957-
Brasiliรก: Costa plan as developed to 1967
Brasiliรก: inauguration by President Juscelino Kubitscheck, April 1960
Plaza of the Three powers
National Congress
Planalto Palace
supercuadra / superblock development unit
Office district supercuadra
Residential district supercuadra
Apartment buildings
Commercial strips
Brasiliรก: classic modernism (Costa) and peripheral modernism of extensions and new towns
Brasiliรก: Costa plan in context of early satellite towns
Brasiliรก: pre-existing vernacular settlements
Brasiliรก: workers camp satellite town
Brasiliรก: satellite towns
Brasiliรก: satellite towns
Brasiliรก: land invasions / squatter settlements / informal urbanizations / favelas
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Museo de Arte de Sao Paulo – MASP Avenida Paulista, Sao Paulo - Brazil - 1957-1968 Lina Bo Bardi
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Museo de Arte de Sao Paulo – MASP Sao Paulo - Brazil - 1957-1968 Lina Bo Bardi
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Museo de Arte de Sao Paulo – MASP Sao Paulo - Brazil - 1957-1968 Lina Bo Bardi
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Museo de Arte de Sao Paulo – MASP Sao Paulo - Brazil - 1957-1968 Lina Bo Bardi
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Museo de Arte de Sao Paulo – MASP Sao Paulo - Brazil - 1957-1968 Lina Bo Bardi
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo FAU Sao Paulo University Architecture School – 1961-1969
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo FAU Sao Paulo University Architecture School – 1961-1969
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Large Public Gathering Spaces MASP & FAU Lina bo Bardi & Vilanova Artigas
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Anhembi Tennis Club Sao Paulo – 1961 Jao Vilanova Artigas
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Anhembi Tennis Club Sao Paulo – 1961 Jao Vilanova Artigas
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Museum of Modern Art Rio de Janeiro – 1953 Affonso Eduardo Reidy
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Museum of Modern Art Rio de Janeiro – 1953 Affonso Eduardo Reidy
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Museum of Modern Art Rio de Janeiro – 1953 Affonso Eduardo Reidy
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Museum of Modern Art Rio de Janeiro – 1953 Affonso Eduardo Reidy
Mexico Independence from Spain 1810 Presidency of Porfirio Diaz (the “Porfiriato�) 1876-1911 Revolution 1910-17 Democratic governance 1940-
Mexico City: Z贸calo or Plaza Mayor and Cathedral of Mexico City, shown below in 1796
Cathedral of Mexico City, Mexico City, 16th-18th centuries
Mexican Baroque
Adamo Boari and Federico Mariscal, Palacio de Bellas Artes, Mexico City DF, 1904-34
Adamo Boari and Federico Mariscal, Palacio de Bellas Artes, Mexico City DF, 1904-34
Westward expansion toward the Alameda during and after the Porfiriato
Westward expansion toward the Alameda during and after the Porfiriato
Late-19th-century neoclassical residences in Colonia Roma, a planned subdivision in Mexico City
Late-19th-century apartment buildings in Colonia Roma, a planned subdivision in Mexico City
Juan Oâ€&#x;Gorman, House-Studio for Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo, Mexico City, 1931-32
2/14 Shaping of a Unique Identity Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Casa Estudio-Diego Rivera & Frida Kahlo – Mexico City, 1931 – Juan O‟Gorman Dialogando em Portuñol vs. Ozenfant Studio – Paris, 1922 - Le Corbusier
Juan Oâ€&#x;Gorman, House-Studio for Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo, Mexico City, 1931-32
Juan Oâ€&#x;Gorman, House-Studio for Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo, Mexico City, 1931-32
Juan Oâ€&#x;Gorman, House-Studio for Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo, Mexico City, 1931-32
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em Portuñol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
2/14 Shaping of a Unique Identity Narciso Bassols - Minister of Education Juan O‟Gorman – Functionalist Schools
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em Portuñol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
2/14 Shaping of a Unique Identity Narciso Bassols - Minister of Education Juan O‟Gorman – Functionalist Schools
Augusto H. Alvarez, Torre Latinoamericana, Mexico City DF, 1948-56
Augusto H. Alvarez, Torre Latinoamericana, Mexico City DF, 1948-56
Westward expansion along Paseo de la Reforma during and after the Porfiriato
Westward expansion along Paseo de la Reforma during and after the Porfiriato
Westward expansion along Paseo de la Reforma during and after the Porfiriato
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Mario Pani – Towers on Reforma - 1947
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Mario Pani – Streamlined Architecture
Mario Pani, Centro Urbano Alemán, Mexico City, 1947-49 “multifamiliar” modernist apartment block typology
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31
Importing Ideas: European Influences Ville Radieuse – Le Corbusier
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31 Importing Ideas: European Influences Mario Pani – Multi-Familiar Miguel Aleman
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
1/31 Importing Ideas: European Influences Mario Pani – Multi-Familiar Miguel Aleman
Carlos Lazo, Enrique del Moral, Mario Pani , et al., Ciudad Universitaria of UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico), Mexico City DF, planned 1943-, constructed 1950-56
Ciudad Universitaria of UNAM: Science Faculty
Ciudad Universitaria of UNAM: Cosmic Ray Pavilion, designed by Jorge Gonzalez Reyna and Felix Candela
Ciudad Universitaria of UNAM: Rectorate, with murals by David Siqueiros
Ciudad Universitaria of UNAM: Faculty of Medecine
Ciudad Universitaria campus with Monte Albán, Zapotec capital 500 BCE – ca. 500 CE
Ciudad Universitaria of UNAM: Library, by Juan Oâ€&#x;Gorman
Ciudad Universitaria of UNAM: Library, by Juan Oâ€&#x;Gorman
East wall: the contemporary world South wall: the colonial past West wall: the university and modern Mexico North wall: the pre-Hispanic past
Ciudad Universitaria of UNAM: Library, by Juan Oâ€&#x;Gorman
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
UNAM – main library Mexico City - 1950 Juan O‟Gorman
Diego Rivera Jose Orozco
David Siqueiros Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Mexican Muralism and the Revolution - The Three Great Ones Wall as Narrative Surface
Ciudad Universitaria of UNAM: Stadium; with Teotihuacรกn, Mexico, 150 BCE-150 CE
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Thin shell Concrete structure - Hyperbolic Paraboloid Los Manantiales Restaurant – Xochimilco - 1957 Felix Candela
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Thin shell Concrete structure - Hyperbolic Paraboloid Los Manantiales Restaurant – Xochimilco - 1957 Felix Candela
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Thin shell Concrete structure - Hyperbolic Paraboloid Los Manantiales Restaurant – Xochimilco - 1957 Felix Candela
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Thin shell Concrete structure – Groined Vaults Bacardi Rum Factory, Bottling Plant – Mexico City - 1960 Felix Candela
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Thin shell Concrete Structure – Groined Vaults Bacardi Rum Factory, Bottling Plant – Mexico City - 1960 Felix Candela
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em PortuĂąol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
2/14
Shaping of a Unique Identity Cementos Tolteca Cemex – founded 1906
Pedro Ramírez Vásquez, National Museum of Anthropology, Mexico City DF, 1963
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Anthropological Museum of Mexico Mexico City - 1964 Pedro Ramirez Vazquez
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Anthropological Museum of Mexico Mexico City - 1964 Pedro Ramirez Vazquez
Pedro Ramírez Vásquez, National Museum of Anthropology, Mexico City DF, 1963
Nunnery quadrangle, Uxmal, Mexico, 890-915 El Castillo, Chichén Itzá, Mexico, 7th to 13th centuries
Brazilian and Mexican Modernism Dialogando em Portu単ol
Arc 500.1 Spring 2011
2/14 Shaping of a Unique Identity Anthropological Museum of Mexico - 1964 Uxmal Nunnery
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Anthropological Museum of Mexico Mexico City - 1964 Pedro Ramirez Vazquez
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Anthropological Museum of Mexico Mexico City - 1964 Pedro Ramirez Vazquez
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Vernacular thick Masonry walls – Traditional Mexican Bright Colors Casa Egerstrom – Cuadra San Cristobal – Mexico City - 1967
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Vernacular thick Masonry walls – Traditional Mexican Bright Colors Casa Egerstrom – Cuadra San Cristobal – Mexico City - 1967
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Vernacular thick Masonry walls – Traditional Mexican Bright Colors Capuchine Convent – Mexico City - 1952
Latin American Modernism Arc 134 - Spring 2011
Vernacular thick Masonry walls – Traditional Mexican Bright Colors Capuchine Convent – Mexico City - 1952