ATA

THE LIPARI RETREAT The Demountable Building Applied Technology in Architecture - ATA

The Demountable Building

AR7022 Group_12

AR7022 Freddy Mahoud Rana Rehman Jonas Berlind Jonas Bertlind RanaMawhood Rehman Freddy Martins Silins Martins Silins

THE LIPARI RETREAT The Demountable Building

AR7022 Group_12

Freddy Mahoud Jonas Berlind Rana Rehman Martins Silins

ATA Applied Technology in Architecture Module code: AR7022 The Demountable Building 2016/2017

Group Rana Rehman Martins Silins Fredrick Mawhood Jonas Bertlind

All Rights Reserved 2017c All terms apply

TABLE OF CONTENT Introduction Introduction

25

& Research 1.0_Context 1.0_Context & Research _Site Analysis 1.1_Site1.1Analysis 1.2_Precedents 1.2_Precedents 1.3_References 1.3_References Design Response 1.4_Immediate 1.4_Immediate Design Response _The ‘MACU House’ Precedent 1.5‘MACU 1.5_The House’ Precedent

36 4 7 7 10 8 11 9 12 11 14

Development 2.0_Design 13 2.0_Design Development 16 Principles 2.1_Design 14 17 2.1_Design Principles Design 2.2_Structural 15 18 2.2_Structural Design Design - Cassette 2.3_Roof 1720 2.3_Roof Design - Cassette Design - Notch and Lock Mechanism 19 22 2.4_Roof 2.3_Roof Design - Notch and Lock Mechanism Design 2.5_Column 2124 2.4_Column Design Structure Design 2.6_Floor 2326 2.5_Floor Structure Design Testing 2.7_Model 2528 2.6_Model Testing Reflection of Design Testing 2.8_Critical 2932 2.7_Critical Reflection of Design Testing Design 3.0_Final 3.0_Final Design of Drawings 3.1_Final 3.1_Final Set ofSet Drawings - List [see p. 94] Models 3.2_Final 3.2_Final Models Analysis 3.3_Structural 3.3_Structural Analysis Analysis 3.4_Material 3.4_Material Analysis 3.5_Inhabitation 3.5_Inhabitation 3.6_Adaptability 3.6_Adaptability

30 33 3134 3235 4043 4144 4245 4649

Method 4.0_Construction 4.0_Construction Method Manufacture 4.1_CNC 4.1_CNC Manufacture Proposal Site 4.2_Transport 4.2_Construction Proposal toto Site Manual 4.3_Construction 4.3_Construction Manual

48 51 4952 5154 5356

5.0_Conclusion 5.0_Conclusion 5.1_Quantity 5.1_Quantity SurveySurvey Critique 5.2_Professional 5.2_Professional Critique Critique 5.3_Internal 5.3_Internal Critique

73 76 74 77 78 81 7982

& Extras 6.0_References 6.0_References & Extras 6.1_Bibliography 6.1_Bibliography - Process and Bloopers 6.2_Appendix 6.2_Appendix - Process & Blunders

80 83 8184 8285

[3.1_Final Set of Drawings]

94

“In countries like Japan structural architecture is inherent in their cultural tradition. Japanese vernacular architecture uses a modular system determined by the span of beams and columns. Their size are not based just on structural requirements but also on aesthetic parameters. Structural order is given to the basic framework and to its individual parts such as the screens, ceilings and mats. Structure and enclosure are treated separately, columns support the roofs and the screens slide to expand the views out or shelter the private areas. the character of architecture changes with time and movement uniting indoors with outdoors. The regular structure and translucent enclosure elements complement each other into a unified whole.�

Ivan Morgolius Architects + Engineers = Structures [2002]

Introduction Our aim was to design a demountable small scale building, weather resistant and thermally insulated, on the island of Lipari in Italy. Our design aims to introduce a small scale piece of architecture which can be constructed by two people without the use of excessive machinery and/or tools. Our key focuses were on addressing issues of structure, environment, and sustainability as well as user experience through refined and simplified design strategies. This report is a representation of our journey through rigorous trials, with learning outcomes derived from failures, and refinement of design through professional and as self-critique. The Lipari Retreat is a reconfigurable piece of architecture, constructed out of modular components.

Although we have presented the total habitable floor area as 36m2, a total of 69m2 can be achieved if external floor space is forsaken and the walls are pushed out to the outermost perimeter.

1.0_CONTEXT AND SITE RESEARCH

1.0_Context & Research 1.1_Site analysis

Site

Ground condition: The ground here in the crater and on the sides of the volcano are made from pumice. Pumice is a volcanic rock that consists of highly vesicular rough textured volcanic glass, which may or may not contain crystals.

It is typically light coloured.

Pumice is commonly pale in colour, ranging from white, cream, blue or grey, to green-brown or black.

It has an average porosity of 90%, and initially floats on water. The volcanic activity has also left the islands with very fertile soil that is conductive to the growth of natural flora.

Site

8

Construction Site

Site Near Lipari Mine, Sicily, Italy

tion 69

74 75 68 73 Climate Zone: 74 67 72 73 Climate Zone: 66 Sicily’s Mediterranean location places it directly in 71 C0 72 65 Sicily’s Mediterranean location70places it directly in 71 the C0 middle of the Mediterranean climate zone, which mm/day 64 32 69 63 middle 70 the of the Mediterranean 68 climate zone, which 30 69 32 only covers 2 percent of the Earth’s surface and is 67 only covers682 percent of the Earth’s surface and is 28 30also called the dry summer subtropical climate. The Nov Dec Jan Feb 67 Mar Apr May Jun Jul66Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 26 28 Mediterranean climate is characterized by moderate also called 66 the dry summer subtropical climate. The 65 24 26 64 65 climate is characterized Mediterranean by moderate 20 22 63 64 24 temperatures, wet winters and dry summers.

18 20 temperatures, winters humidity and dry summers.

63 wetAverage 22 16 18 Aug Sep Oct Nov Jul Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec May JunZone: ar Apr Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun 20 Climate The alternating jetDec streams in the Mediterranean 14 16 Dec Dec Nov Nov Oct Oct Aug ug Sep Sep Jul May Jun Apr Mar Feb Jan 18 12 alternating location jet streams in the Mediterranean Sicily’s The Mediterranean places it directly in are the leading factors that contribute to the annual mm/day C0 10 14 16 are the leading factors that contribute to the annual the middle of the Mediterranean climate zone, which precipitation cycles in Sicily.

During the summer the 8 12 14 Average sunlight Average humidity 32 km/h 6 precipitation Sicily. Average During the summer the 10 only covers 2 percentcycles of theinEarth’s surface and is 12 subtropical high keep the precipitation levels low by 4 humidity 30 10 28 2 subtropical keepsubtropical the precipitation also called the dry high summer climate.levels The low by suppressing cloud development and precipitation, Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec suppressing cloud development and precipitation, 26 Mediterranean climate is characterized by moderate and the Westerlies control the wet winters.

20 24 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan 13 and thewet Westerlies wet 18 temperatures, winters control and drythe summers. km/hwinters.

22 16 Temperature km/h 20 14 Averageprecipitation max Temperature Average 18 12 12 The alternating jet streams in the Mediterranean Average Average max 10 16 are the leading factors that contribute The average of the conditions of Lipari is shown 8 in Average min Average 13 to the annual 14 6 The of Sicily. the conditions of summer Lipari is the shown in 12 min precipitation cycles During the 13 in 11 average these graphs Average and diagrams.

North Europe is also 4 thesehigh graphs North Europe is also 10 2 subtropical keepand thediagrams. precipitation levels low by represented, namely mid Sweden.

12 represented, namely mid and Sweden. suppressing cloud 12development precipitation, 10 Jan Feb Marh Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec and the Westerlies control the wet winters.

11 h % Mid Sweden & Finland 11 9 Temperature Average precipitation Mid Sweden & Finland Average max 10 20 80 Average 10 20 79 The average of the conditions of Lipari is shown in Average min 78 Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul9 Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 77 16 these graphs and diagrams.

North Europe is also 9 76 16 represented, namely mid Sweden.

75 Average wind 74 73 12 % Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec ar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May hJun 12 72 Dec ug Sep Oct Nov Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 71 Mid Sweden & Finland 8 70 69 8 80 Daylight days Average wind 68 20 79 Average wind 67 4 78 66 77 4 26 65 76 24 16 64 75 22 days 63 74 20 days Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 73 18 12 16 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov 72 Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 26 71 14 24 26 70 12 22 Average sunlight 24 69 10 8 20 22 68 8 Average sunlight Average humidity 18 20 67 6 16 18 66 4 4 14 16 65 2 12 14 64 10 12 h 63 Jan Feb 10 Mar Apr May Jun Jul8 Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Due to the high amounts of sunshine during the Juh km/h 6 Due to the 68high amounts of sunshine during the Ju- Jan Feb Nov Dec over hangs Aug SeptoOct Julwanted May Junwe ly-August introduce Mar Apr period, Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 4 2 introduce over hangs 4 ly-August period, we wanted to in our design to provide solar shading.

The highs of Frost 2 The highs of winds in the April period require that particular considFrost in our design to provide solar shading.

13 Dec Sep Oct Nov Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Average sunlight Average humidity 15 winds in the April require that particular eration be given to preventing uplift forces from being Sep Oct Nov15Dec Jul Aug considJun Apr May Feb Mar Jan period

1.0_Context & Research

1.1_Site Conditions & Contextualization

eration be given to preventing uplift forces from being enacted upon the roof. However, due to the otherwise12 enacted upon the roof. However, due to the otherwise relatively low levels of wind, this isn’t a consideration 10 relatively low levels of wind, this isn’t a considerationh we’ve taken on board for the design as it is presented. km/h 11 10 taken on board the design as it is presented.

Due to we’ve the high amounts of for sunshine during the JuHowever, in our adaptability section (chapter 3.5) we However, our adaptability section (chapter ly-August period,inwe wanted to introduce over hangs3.5) we will discuss solutions to combat this issue. In addition 10 5 will discuss solutions to combat addition in our design to provide solar shading.this Theissue. highsInof to uplift, we will also provide potential solutions/opti13 5 uplift, will also provide potential considsolutions/optiwinds intothe Aprilwe period require that particular mizations which can be implemented in order to make 15 which can be uplift implemented in order erationmizations be given to preventing forces from beingto make the building we are proposing a more permanent fix-9 12 the building we are proposing a more permanent fixenacted upon the roof.

However, due to the otherwise ture. ture. relatively low levels of wind, this isn’t a consideration Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov 11 10 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec we’ve taken on board for the design as it is presented.

However, in our adaptability section (chapter 3.5) we Daylight 10 will discuss solutions to combat this issue. In addition Daylight Average wind 5 to uplift, we will also provide potential solutions/opti9 mizations which can be implemented in order to make the building we are proposing a more permanent fixAs can be seen the climate is quite dramatically days ture. As can be seen the climate is quite dramatically different in the north of Europe. To design for that cliMar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec different in the north of Europe. To design for that cli- Jan Feb mate would mean to have insulation of about 250mm 26 mate would mean to have insulation of about 250mm in walls and about 400mm in roof. It also means a 24 22 in walls and about 400mm in roof. It also means a Daylight Average wind flat roof is very impractical since the load from snow 20 18 flat roof is very impractical since the load from snow can be substantial.

10 16 can be substantial.

14 12

2 1 1 1 1 1

8 7 7

7 7

7 7

7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

1

1

1

Dec

2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1

1.2_Precedents 1.2_Precedents

1.0_Context & Research

We primarily looked at small scale structures which we felt were bothlooked easy to construct if needwhich be, easy We primarily at small scaleand structures we to dismantle.

This meant looking specifically at felt were both easy to construct and if need be,struceasy 1.2_Precedents tures which are built of small elements.

In addition, we to dismantle.

This meant looking specifically at strucwere also looking at buildings which are successfully tures which are built of small elements. In addition, we dealing with challenging climates/environments.

Mawere also looking atatbuildings which are successfully We primarily looked small scale structures which we terials should be easily procurable and the number of dealing climates/environments.

Mafelt werewith bothchallenging easy to construct and if need be, easy components should be as low as possible. terials should This be easily procurable and the number of to dismantle. meant looking specifically at struccomponents should be as low as possible. tures which are built of small elements. In addition, we were also looking at buildings which are successfully dealing with challenging climates/environments. Materials should be easily procurable and the number of components should be as low as possible.

In analysing these designs, we also began to think about the sortthese of experience aiming to create.

Is In analysing designs, we weare also began to think the space pleasant to be in? we How the experience about the sort of experience areisaiming to create.efIs fected by the use ofto timber? theisproject lightweight? the space pleasant be in? Is How the experience efDoes its architectural experience? fectedthe by weight the useaffect of timber?

Is the project lightweight?

Does the weight affect its architectural experience?

In analysing these designs, we also began to think about the sort of experience we are aiming to create. Is the space pleasant to be in? How is the experience effected by the use of timber? Is the project lightweight?

Does the weight affect its architectural experience?

11

1.0_Context & Research

sophisticated techniques by true the Japanese ‘Masters’.

These traditionsemployed have stayed to values ‘Masters’.

These traditions have stayed values dating back at least 1200 years and so true theirto applicadating back atday leastand 1200 years andthem so their application in1.3_References today’s age makes all the more tion in today’s dayour andhurried age makes themwe all began the more significant.

Given schedule, to significant.

Given our hurriedsome schedule, wesophisticabegan to think of ways to incorporate of this thinkofof ways to incorporate some of of this sophistication design more standardised, repeatable and 1.3_References With all on of a us having some sort practical construction oftion design on with a more repeatable manufacturable the of digital modelling.

We experience, bestandardised, itaid building, model makingand or furnimanufacturable with the aid of digital modelling.

We yet felt this would give our final outcome a layer ture, we were also all very interested inreliability the simple felt would give our final sort outcome a layer reliability and practicality. sophisticated techniques employed byconstructhe Japanese Withthis all of us having some of practical and practicality.

‘Masters’.

These traditions have stayed true to values tion experience, be it building, model making or furnidating back at least 1200 years and so their applicature, we were also all very interested in the simple yet tion in today’s day and age makes them all the sophisticated techniques employed by the Japanese more significant.

Given ourhave hurried schedule, began to ‘Masters’.

These traditions stayed true towe values think of ways to incorporate some of this sophisticadating back at least 1200 years and so their applicaof design on aage more standardised, tion intion today’s day and makes them all repeatable the more and manufacturable with the aid of digital modelling. significant. Given our hurried schedule, we began to We felt this would give our final outcome a layer reliability think of ways to incorporate some of this sophisticapracticality. tion ofand design on a more standardised, repeatable and

1.0_Context & Research

manufacturable with the aid of digital modelling. We felt this would give our final outcome a layer reliability and practicality.

...”project that can be developed in a similar form as a ...”project that can stabilised be developed in a similar form or asas a non-pneumatically membrane structure non-pneumatically structure or the as a cable structure. Instabilised these twomembrane cases the areas round a cableofstructure.

In these cases theslightly areas round the crown the arch area onlytwo curved very to form a crown of area only curvedmeasures very slightly to form a saddle so the thatarch normally additional against deforsaddle so that normally measures against deformation caused by windadditional must be taken there.

However, in mation by wind mustsystems be taken there.

However, in the casecaused of negative pressure there is generally sufthe case of negative systems therestability is generally sufficient curvature andpressure thus also adequate against ficient curvature thus of also adequate against deformation.

Theand surface these areas stability is synclastically deformation.

Thethat surface areas in is asynclastically curved.”

(Herzog, 1973). ...”project can of be these developed similar form as a curved.”

(Herzog, 1973). stabilised membrane structure or as non-pneumatically Although our structure. collectiveIn understanding of the pneumatical a cable these two cases areas round the Although our collective understanding of pneumatical structures was limited, we were all very interested crown of the arch area only curved very slightly ...”project that can be developed in a similar form astoin aform a structures was limited, we were all very interested in its application on a small scale level.

This is because saddle so that normally additional measures against non-pneumatically stabilised membrane structure or as deforits application onInathese small scale level.

This isround because pneumatic structures are typically associated with mation caused by wind must be taken However, in a cable structure. two cases the areasthere. the pneumatic structures are typically associated with large spanning structures.

They are complicated and the case of negative pressure systems there is generally sufcrown of the arch area only curved very slightly to form a large spanning structures.

Theyalso areadequate complicated and the making of each individual structural component ficient and thus stability against saddle so thatcurvature normally additional measures against deforthe making of each individual structural component is complex.

However, we began to consider the mandeformation.

The surface of these areas is synclastically mation caused by wind must be taken there. However, in is we began tothere consider the manufacturing ofHowever, these structural elements using modern, curved.”

(Herzog, 1973). thecomplex. case of negative pressure systems is generally sufufacturing of these structural elements using modern, more accessible technologies such as CNC milling. ficient curvature and thus also adequate stability against more accessible technologies such as CNC milling.

Although collective understanding of pneumatical deformation.

Theour surface of these areas is synclastically structures was limited, we were all very interested in curved.” (Herzog, 1973). its application on a small scale level. This is because pneumatic structures are typically associated with Although our collective understanding of pneumatical large spanning structures.

They are complicated structures was limited, we were all very interested in and the making each scale individual component its application on of a small level. structural This is because is complex.

However, we began to consider the manpneumatic structures are typically associated with ufacturing of these structural elements using modern, large spanning structures. They are complicated and more accessible technologies such as CNC milling.

This was essentially the challenge we set for ourselves. the making of each individual structural component This was essentially the set for ourselves.

To develop a component, interlocking piece of archiis complex.

However, wechallenge began towe consider the manTo develop a component, interlocking piece architecture comprehensively with the tools at our disposal. ufacturing of these structural elements using of modern, tecture comprehensively withvaluable the tools at our disposal.

In doing so, we have gained more accessible technologies such as experience.

CNC milling.

In doing so, we have gained valuable experience.

This was essentially the challenge we set for ourselves.

To develop a component, interlocking piece of architecture comprehensively with the tools at our disposal.

In doing so, wethe have gained we valuable This was essentially challenge set forexperience. ourselves.

To develop a component, interlocking piece of architecture comprehensively with the tools at our disposal.

12 In doing so, we have gained valuable experience.

timber is relatively cheap, accessible and lightweight.

However, we also began to think about the marriage of timber with other materials, such as aluminium sheet cladding to the roof or prefabricated polymer cladding to the walls. Although typical timber structures employ traditional techniques requiring competent 1.4_Immediate response craftsmanship, we feltdesign there is an opportunity here to Initial sketch ideasusing digital technologies. standardise this process

1.0_Context & Research

Our early design process was integral in the achievement of our final outcome. We began by individually sketching out what we felt was an adequate response to the brief. We allowed ourselves a relative level of freedom during this process as we were well aware of Modularity our ability to take a good idea and refine it to a buildable level.

However, beganthat to think about the marriage of We were allwe in also agreement the main structure of this smallwith building be made outasofaluminium timber as sheet timber othershould materials, such timber is relatively accessible and lightweight. cladding to the cheap, roof or prefabricated polymer cladHowever, we also began to think about the timber marriagestructures of ding to the walls. Although typical timber with other materials, such as aluminium sheet employ traditional techniques requiring competent cladding to the roof or prefabricated polymer cladcraftsmanship, we felt there is an opportunity here to ding to the walls. Although typical timber structures standardise this process using digital technologies. employ traditional techniques requiring competent craftsmanship, we felt there is an opportunity here to standardise this process using digital technologies.

Modularity Modularity

We were all in agreement that the main structure of this small building should be made out of timber as timber is relatively cheap, accessible and lightweight.

However, we also began to think about the marriage of timber with other materials, such as aluminium sheet cladding to the roof or prefabricated polymer cladding to the walls. Although typical timber structures employ traditional techniques requiring competent craftsmanship, we felt there is an opportunity here to standardise this process using digital technologies.

Connections

Connections

Connections

Modularity

Architectural layout

Architectural layout Connections

Architectural layout

9

9 Architectural layout 13

9

Rhino modelling

Rhino modelling

After exploring various ideas, through critical analysis, After exploring various ideas, through The critical analysis, we began to discuss a clearer initiative. design bebegan to discuss a clearerthoroughly initiative. The design below we is one which we analysed and derived low is one which we analysed thoroughly and derived underlying conclusions. This is a very typical design for underlying conclusions.

This is a very typical design for 1.4_Immediate design a small building, but itresponse was important for us to discuss a small building, but it was important for us to discuss exactly why we felt this sort of conventional design Rhino modelling exactly why we felt this sort of conventional design would not be be fit fit forfor what it itis iswe would not what wewere weresetting setting out out to to achieve.

After exploring various ideas, through critical analysis, achieve. we began to discuss a clearer initiative. The design bethe elements are essentially too big.

Firstly, elements are essentially too big.This This would would low is oneFirstly, which wethe analysed thoroughly and derived pose a issue for transporting to site.

Secondly, pose a issueThis for transporting to site.

Secondly, the king king underlying conclusions. is a very typical design for the truss is without vertical post butisisinstead instead postpost truss here is without itsits vertical post but a small building, but it here was important for us to discuss compensated for with a verticalcolumn column below it. it. This This compensated with vertical below exactly why we felt thisforsort ofa conventional design acts to centrally obtrude the space making internal diacts to centrally obtrude the space making internal diwould not be fit for what it is we were setting out to visions awkward. visions awkward. achieve.

1.0_Context & Research

However, the storage opportunitiesexploited exploited here beopportunities Firstly, theHowever, elementsthe arestorage essentially too big. This would here below the floor slab are quite clever. Additional structural lowfor thetransporting floor slab are quite Secondly, clever. Additional structural pose a issue the king components canto besite. stored here to further enlarge the components can be stored here to further enlarge the post truss here is without its vertical post but is instead overall building. overall building. compensated for with a vertical column below it. This acts to centrally obtrude the space making internal divisions awkward.

However, the storage opportunities exploited here below the floor slab are quite clever. Additional structural components can be stored here to further enlarge the overall building.

14

1.0_Digital Design 1.5_Key precedent: The MACU House

ing backlog of Addis Ababa-Ethiopia and Juba-South Sudan. This is a small scale parametrized modular housing prototype which incorporates a vast degree of flexibility. The timber components of this house are digitally manufactured using CNC printing machines.

This example contributed vastly to our thinking as our project progressed. We began to think more clinically about junctions, components, and structural systems, which, using CNC manufacturing technologies, can cleverly lock into one another. As in the construction of the MACU House, we were also interested in strictly limiting the use of tools to put the building together.

The MACU House is a technological prototype designed by students of the Bauhaus School of Architecture as part of a strategy for solving enormous housing backlog of Addis Ababa-Ethiopia and Juba-South Sudan. This is a small scale parametrized modular housing prototype which incorporates a vast degree of flexibility. The timber components of this house are digitally manufactured using CNC printing machines.

This example contributed vastly to our thinking as our project progressed. We began to think more clinically about junctions, components, and structural systems, which, using CNC manufacturing technologies, can cleverly lock into one another. As in the construction of the MACU House, we were also interested in strictly limiting the use of tools to put the building together.

A Catalogue of Parts: 11 A clearly identifiable catalogue of parts which can be printed and stored with ease. Each part is bespoke and serves a specific purpose. We can exercise a great degree of control in the design of each component, ensuring that no material goes to waste.

15

Locking Mechanism: The manual locking mechanism employed in the MACU House is very simple yet very effective. The lock

Locking Mechanism: The manual locking mechanism employed in the MACU House is very simple yet very effective. The lock essentially puts the members of the roof grid into tension, bringing rigidity to the structure. This lock can be turned by hand.

Structure: The horizontal roof elements are designed in a way as if to mimic the structural properties of an arch. The centre is thin as this is where there is no vertical member supporting it. As the horizontal elements converge towards to the vertical members, their depth increases to allow for the central point load to dissipate through a greater amount of timber fibres.

_ATA REPORT 2016-2017 16 _GROUP 12 _THE LIPARI RETREAT

12

2.0_DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

lly fix and to the MACU House, our design is also the comSimilar Fourbelow, interlocking elements of floor and roof. As in the image the highlighthe idea ing of together of various parts, which manually fix and ed part of the building represents atosingle “quadrant” tiallyslot roof Similar theidea MACU our design is also the comintoofplace.

We wanted tolocks stayallow true to the ofHouse, to structure.

The disk for more structure ing together of various parts, which manually fix and ture.simplicity.

Each Our key components were roof “stitched” on. slotessentially into place. We wanted to stay true to the idea of creating a be disk cassettes, locks, columns and floor structure. simplicity.

Our Each key components were essentially roof al amount cassettes, disk locks,acolumns and floor structure. Each of these components works symbiotically in creating 2.1_Design principles: highlightcomponents rigid structure. One column sustains of a these partial amount works symbiotically in creating a rigid structure. One column sustains a partial amount quadrant” Four interlocking elements of floor and roof. As in the image below, the highlightfloor and roof. As in the image below, the highlightructure to of the building represents a of ed part single “quadrant” ed of the building represents a single “quadrant” Similar to theThe MACU our design ispart also the comof structure. diskHouse, locks allow for of more structure to locks allow for more structure to structure.

The disk ing together of various parts, which manually fix be “stitched” on. and be “stitched” on. slot into place. We wanted to stay true to the idea of simplicity. Our key components were essentially roof cassettes, disk locks, columns and floor structure. Each Initial proposal with roof cassettes - proposal shows of these components works symbiotically in creating a internal passage - our design can accommodate varirigid structure. One column sustains a partial amount ous configurations of walls. of floor and roof. As in the image below, the highlighted part of the building represents a single “quadrant” of structure.

TheCassettes: disk locks allow for more structure to 1. Roof Initial proposal with roof cassettes - proposal shows Initial proposal with roof cassettes - proposal shows be “stitched” on.

Our initial roof design was composed out of multiinternal passage - our design can accommodate variinternal passage - our design can accommodateInitial vari- proposal with ous configurations of walls. ple cassettes. In total there were three variations of roof cassettes - proposal shows ous configurations of walls. these cassettes. These variations comprised of difinternal passage - our design can accommodate vari-

2.0_Design Development

ferent size parts. These cassettes then reflected 1. Roof are Cassettes: Our initial roof design was composed out of multialong their x and y axis to form a grid.

This notion plepages. cassettes. In total there were three variations of is expanded upon in the latter t of multi1. Roof Cassettes: these cassettes. These variations comprised of difriations Our of initial roof design was composed ferent parts. These cassettes are then reflected outsize of multi2. Disk Lock Mechanism: along their x and y axis to form a grid. This notion sed of difple cassettes. In total there were three variations of in the latter pages. is expanded upon Each cassette locked together using manually n reflected these cassettes.

These is variations comprised of difoperated disk locks.

Some of these locks are visihis notion ferent size parts. These cassettes are then reflected 2. Disk Lock Mechanism: ble on the underside of the roof structure whereas along their x and y axis to form a grid. notion EachThis cassette is locked together using manually othersupon are concealed the cassettes. The ar1. operated disk locks. Some of these locks are visiis expanded in the latterwithin pages. rangement follows a structural ble arrangement. on the underside of the roof structure whereas

others are concealed within the cassettes. The armanually 2. Disk Lock Mechanism: rangement follows a structural arrangement.

1.

Roof Cassettes: 3.

Column (Interlocking): s are visi2.

Each cassette is locked together using manually Our initial designare wascomposed composedof outtwo of multiTheroof columns parts. These e whereas 3.

Column (Interlocking): operated diskInlocks.

Some of these locks are visiple cassettes. totaltogether there were variations of strucparts come to three interlock the floor es. The ar1.the The columns are composed of two parts. These ble on underside of the roof structure whereas these cassettes.

These variations comprised of dif3. ture.

As the column rises, it feeds through theinterlock parts come together to the floor strucment. others are parts. concealed the cassettes.

The ar1. ferent size Thesewithin cassettes areture. then reflected As the the column rises, it feeds through the roof cassettes, subsequently pinching primarangement structural arrangement. along their xfollows and y aaxis to form a grid.

This notion roof cassettes, ry roof structure and allowing for loads tosubsequently transfer pinching the primary roof structure and allowing for loads to transfer 2. is expanded upon in the latter pages. through. rts. These through.

3. Column (Interlocking): 2. oor struccolumns are composed of two parts.

These 2. The Disk Lock Mechanism: 3.3.Floor rough the Floor Structure: Structure:to interlock3.the parts come together floor strucEach cassette is structure locked together using manually The floor structure out of longer joist he prima3.

The floor is composed out of longer joist ture.

As the column rises, it feeds through the is composed operated disk locks.

Some of these locks are visipieces with a clear primary and secondary structo transfer pieces with a clear primary and secondary strucroof cassettes, subsequently pinching prima4. a half-lap joint ture.the The primary structure has ble on the underside of the roof structure whereas ture. The and primary structure hastooccurs atransfer half-lap joint ry roof are structure allowing forcassettes. loads which within the coming together of both others concealed within the the The ar1. which occurs within coming together of both parts of the column, essentially, holding the floor through. rangement structural arrangement. structure together. partsfollows of theacolumn, essentially, holding the floor structure together. onger 3.joist Floor Structure: Scaffolding Leg Screw2.Jack: Column (Interlocking): ary strucThe floor structure is composed out ofparts. longer joist legs are to be the foundations 4. scaffolding columns are composed twoThese These Scaffolding Leg Screwof Jack: f-lap joint pieces with a clear primary and secondary strucof our building.

Each leg can hold up to four tons parts come together to interlock the floor 4. er of both These scaffolding legs are to be the foundations 3. ture. The primary structure has a half-lap joint of weight so we feel these should be a more than As the column rises, it feeds through the g the floor of our building.

Each leg can hold up to four tons which occurs within the coming together of both sufficient solution.

These legs feed into the colroof cassettes, subsequently pinching the primaumns and the screw jack allows for their heights parts of the column, essentially, holding the floor of weight so we feel these should be a more than ry roof structure and allowing for loads to transfer to be adjusted.

The legs themselves can sit on a structure together. through. sufficient solution. These legs feed into the colconcrete block or any other substitute which has umns and the screw jack allows for their heights a flat surface. undations Screw Jack: 3. Scaffolding Floor Structure: to beLeg adjusted.

The legs themselves can sit on a four tons These scaffolding legs areany to other beout thesubstitute The floor structure is composed offoundations longer joist concrete block or which has more than of our building.

Each leg can hold up to fourstructons 4. pieces with a clear primary and secondary a flat surface. ture.

The so primary has abehalf-lap joint o the colof weight we feelstructure these should a more than which occurs within the coming together of both ir heights sufficient solution. These legs feed into the colthe column, essentially, holding the floor n sit onparts a of umns and the screw jack allows for their heights structure together.

which has to be adjusted. The legs themselves can sit on a 14 concrete block any other Scaffolding Legor Screw Jack: substitute which has aThese flat surface. scaffolding legs are to be the foundations of our building. Each leg can hold up to four tons 18 of weight 14 so we feel these should be a more than

ous configurations of walls.

Initial proposal with roof cassettes - proposal shows internal passage - our design can accommodate various configurations of walls.

1.

2.

3.

4.

Components highlighted - analytically broken down in this chapter

Components highlighted - analytically broken down in this chapter

stem to drew Grant.

We explained to him our desire to have the the drew Grant.

We explained to him our desire to have Design and Analysis ssettes roofroof a series of stitched cassettes.

Although originally, a series of stitched cassettes. Although originally, going to have these cassette as sort of ng then we were we were to have cassette as sort of standIn going designing the these structural system forstandthe Lipari Reard ard dimensioned boxes (with no curves), and then de- de- Andimensioned boxes (withby noour curves), and then treat, we were helped Structural Engineer, pend on aon sort of structural bracing/support system to pend a sort of structural bracing/support system to the drew Grant.

We explained to him our desire to have them up, Andrew suggested to see the cassettes of the holdhold them Andrew suggested to seeAlthough the cassettes roof up, a series of stitched cassettes. originally, 2.2_Structure self-sufficient.

Wethese began thinking isaging as structurally as structurally self-sufficient.

We began thinking we were going to have cassette asthen sort then of standDesign and Analysis what this structure would look like. assette about ard dimensioned boxes (with nolike. curves), and then deabout what this structure would look ends so pend on a sort of structural bracing/support system to In designing the system for the Lipari Redecided to them think of structural the structure in terms of the the he disk- We We hold up, Andrew suggested to terms see decided to think of the structure in ofcassettes the treat, we were helped by our Structural Engineer, Anofas load a single column can can hold.

Envisaging self-sufficient.

Wehold. began thinking then tensile amount amount ofstructurally load a explained single column Envisaging drew Grant.

We to him our16 desire to have the column as a support tree which has cassette about what this structure would look like. ll hori- the the column as of a support tree whichAlthough has 16 cassette roof a series stitched cassettes. originally, The loadload would be greatest at the ends so so ve and branches. branches.

The would be greatest at the ends we were going to have these cassette as sort of standimportant to use least material there.

The diskWe decided to think of the structure in terms of the points it was it was important to use least material there.and Thethen diskard dimensioned boxes (with no curves), delocks were introduced to essentially put the tensile amount of load a single column can hold.

Envisaging locks were introduced to essentially put the system tensile to pend on a sort of structural bracing/support theinto column as a support tree whichallhas 16horicassette structure into compression, locking together horistructure compression, locking together all hold them An up, Andrew suggested to see the cassettes a tutorial a sketch of a load diagram became branches.

The load would be greatest at the endsDuring so zontal elements. arrangement of disks above and zontal elements. An arrangement ofbegan disks above and as structurally self-sufficient.

We thinking then it was important to use least material there.

The diskour departure point. This sketch informed our ceiling below the the structure ensured we had our pinch points below structure ensured we had ourlike. pinch points about what thisintroduced structure would look locks were to essentially put the tensile and the idea of a floating roof with articulated visible in the right place. in the right place. structure into compression, locking together all horistructure became the main visual concept. Just like in a tutorial a sketch of a load became We zontal decided to thinkAn of arrangement the structureofindisks terms of the elements. above and a bridge construction the arch informed the profile ofDuring During a tutorial a sketch of adiagram load diagram became our departure point.

This sketch informed our ceiling amount of the load a singleensured columnwe can hold. below structure had ourEnvisaging pinch points the beams in our visible structure. our departure point. This sketch informed our ceiling and the idea of a floating roof with articulated visible the in column as place. a support tree which has 16 cassette the right and the idea of a floating roof with articulated visible structure became the main visual concept. Just like in branches. The load would be greatest at the ends so structure abecame thesketch mainof visual concept.

Just like in tutorial a load diagram a bridgeDuring construction thea arch informed the profile became of it was important to use least material there. The diska bridge construction the arch informed the profile of our departure point.

This sketch informed our ceiling the beams in our visible structure. locks were introduced to essentially put the tensile theand beams in our structure. the idea of visible a floating roof with articulated visible structure into compression, locking together all horistructure became the main visual concept. Just like in zontal elements. An arrangement of disks above and a bridge construction the arch informed the profile of below the structure ensured we had our pinch points the beams in our visible structure. in the right place.

2.0_Design Development

During a tutorial a sketch of a load diagram became our departure point. This sketch informed our ceiling and the idea of a floating roof with articulated visible structure became the main visual concept. Just like in a bridge construction the arch informed the profile of the beams in our visible structure.

Sketch showing the structural arrangement of each Simple point load diagrams. The red arrow point down cassette. The stronger cassettes would be in the cen- at the arch is the point at which the load is greatest. tre. These would have vertical members with the larg- The arch is designed as such to dissipate forces down est depth. The cassettes towards the perimeter wouldSketch to its showing axles or bearing points.arrangement of each Simple point load diagrams. The red arrow point down the structural have the shortest depths.

Sketch showing the structural arrangement of each load diagrams.

Theload red arrow point down cassette. The stronger cassettes would be in the cenat theSimple arch ispoint the point at which the is greatest. cassette.

The stronger cassettes would be in the cenat the arch is the point at which the load is greatest. tre. These would have vertical members with the larg- The arch is designed as such to dissipate forces down tre.

These would have vertical members with the largThe arch is designed as such to dissipate forces down est depth.Sketch The cassettes the perimeter wouldof to its axles or bearing points. showing towards the structural arrangement each Simple point load diagrams. The red arrow point down est depth.

The cassettes towards the perimeter would to its axles or bearing points. have the cassette. shortest depths.

The stronger cassettes would be in the cen- at the arch is the point at which the load is greatest. havetre. theThese shortest depths. would have vertical members with the larg- The arch is designed as such to dissipate forces down est depth. The cassettes towards the perimeter would to its axles or bearing points. have the shortest depths.

Sketch showing the structural arrangement of each cassette. The stronger cassettes would be in the centre. These would have vertical members with the largest depth. The cassettes towards the perimeter would have the shortest depths.

19

Simple point load diagrams. The red arrow point down at the arch is the point at which the load is greatest.

The arch is designed as such to dissipate forces down to its axles or bearing points.

Rhino Model - Single quadrant highlight - there are 12 quadrants in total.

Rhino Model - Single quadrant highlight - there are 12

2.2_Structure Design and Analysis 2.2_Structure Design and Analysis

As the image above demonstrates, the structural loads are dissipated down the column, which in turn transfer them down through to the stainless steel screw jack scaffolding legs. The primary structure, represented by the elements along the red line, those which pass through the column, have the most depth. The others acts as a secondary structure. They are lock to one another internally using lock disks.

As the image above demonstrates, the structural loads are dissipated down the column, which in turn transfer them down through to the stainless steel screw jack scaffolding legs. The primary structure, represented by the elements along the red line, those which pass through the column, have the most depth. The others As theasimage above demonstrates, theare structural acts a secondary structure. They lock toloads one are dissipated down the column, which in turn transfer another internally using lock disks. them down through to the stainless steel screw jack scaffolding legs. The primary structure, represented by the elements along the red line, those which pass through the column, have the most depth. The others acts as a secondary structure. They are lock to one another internally using lock disks.

Reference taken from Components and Connections

by Meijs Knaack. In these diagrams, we can see that Knaack is demonstrating the veritcal and horizontal which act upon a rope given slack. The diagram highlighted is one which we have utilised in our design. Like this structure, our structure is also in tension. However, to counteract the horizontal forces acting on the perimeter, our bearing is situated in the centre. Our perimeters are locked to another ‘quadrant’ which has Reference taken from Components and Connections it own vertical support member. In other words, we are

by Meijs Knaack. In these diagrams, we can see that stitching together a series of synclastic mini-structures Knaack is demonstrating the veritcal and horizontal which together, come to form a mega structure. which act upon a rope given slack. The diagram highlighted is one which we have utilised in our design. Like this structure, our structure is also in tension. HowevReference taken from Components andacting Connections er, to counteract the horizontal forces on the by Meijs Knaack.

In these diagrams, we can see that perimeter, our bearing is situated in the centre.

Our Knaack is demonstrating the veritcal and horizontal perimeters are locked to another ‘quadrant’ which has which uponsupport a rope member. given slack.

The diagram highit own act vertical In other words, we are lighted is one which we have utilised in our design.

Like stitching together a series of synclastic mini-structures this structure, structure is a also in tension.

Howevwhich together,our come to form mega structure. er, to counteract the horizontal forces acting on the perimeter, our bearing is situated in the centre. Our perimeters are locked to another ‘quadrant’ which has it own vertical support member. In other words, we are stitching together a series of synclastic mini-structures which together, come to form a mega structure.

20 _ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12

Extract taken from Pneumatic Structures by Thomas Herzog. These diagrams represent negative and positive pressure systems. Although Herzog was representing membrane systems, these serve as interesting force diagrams. If were to venture out of our standardized building system ethos, we’d look to achieve a more organic form such as those which are represented Extract taken fromhere.

Pneumatic Structures by Thomas Herzog. These diagrams represent negative and positive pressure systems. Although Herzog was representing membrane systems, these serve as in-

of their vertical purely elements. refer to the depths of their vertical purelyelements. refer to the depths of their vertical elements. ng the perimeter The cassettes have the situated along the perimeter The cassettes have thesituated along the perimeter have the e situated towards smallest thedepth. cen- The cassette situated towards smallest thedepth. cen- The cassette situated towards the cenith the greatest tre, depth. has vertical elements with the greatest tre, has depth. vertical elements with the greatest depth.

2.0_Design Development

2.3_Roof - Cassettes cavity a 100mm Each ofcassette rigid in-has within its cavity a 100mm Eachof cassette rigid in-has within its cavity a 100mm of rigid inte is measured sulation at 600mm board. x Each cassette is measured sulation at 600mm board. xmethods Each cassette is in measured atdiscussed 600mm x methods designs in which we discussed Early designs of lockwhich we Earlyof designs of lock-in in which we discussed methods lock- inWe We discussed the inclusion notches thediscussed cassettes.

We the inclusion ofof notches thediscussed cassettes.the in Design andEarly Analysis as per testing 600mm. in house, These we dimensions, as per testing 600mm. in house, These we dimensions, as per testing in house, we ing cassettes together. ing cassettes together. cassettes together.

How and where shoulding these notches beHow placed?

How and where sho and where should these notches be placed? mensions thatfelt a single was the permaximum dimensions that felt adeliver single was the maximum dimensions that a single perIn response to the brief, we wanted to aperroof ve ease. These son dimensions can handle relative These sonof dimensions can handle system which inwith essence wasease. composed small piec- with relative ease. These dimensions aged that these are important cassettes as we envisaged that these are important cassettes es. We envisaged the Cassettes would be put togeth-as we envisaged that these cassettes d held in place would need they to bejoinery lifted and held in place would whilst need they to be lifted and held in place whilst they er whilst using basic methods such as those which are stitched together. are stitched together. can be found in an IKEA wardrobe joinery instructions manual. Simple channels for panels to slide and lock 5mm expansion The tolerances cassettes also 3-5mm The cassettes also have 3-5mm expansion tolerances to one another as have well holes forexpansion pegs to betolerances knocked in. would be in on direct the contact top panel was this would be in on direct the contact top panel was this would be in direct contact Although thewith roof the is sealed water membrane. with roofthe is sealed water membrane. Although the roof is sealed There are three cassette Although variations.the These variations the possibilityinpurely of our the designs, timber there is still the possibility in of our the designs, timber there is still the possibility of the timber refer to the depths of their vertical elements. as the temperature expanding change and shrinking as the temperature expanding change and The cassettes situated along the perimeter have theshrinking as the temperature change ould effect that. within the depth. building space couldsituated effect that. within the smallest The cassette towards thebuilding cen- space could effect that. tre, has vertical elements with the greatest depth.

Each cassette has within its cavity a 100mm of rigid insulation board. Each cassette is measured at 600mm x 600mm. These dimensions, as per testing in house, we felt was the maximum dimensions that a single person can handle with relative ease. These dimensions are important as we envisaged that these cassettes would need to be lifted and held in place whilst they are stitched together.

Early designs in which we discussed methods of locking cassettes together.

We discussed the inclusion of notches in the cassettes.

How and where should these notches be placed?

The cassettes also have 3-5mm expansion tolerances ment ver a roof on the top panel was this would be in direct contact mall piecwith the water membrane. Although the roof is sealed ut togethin our designs, there is still the possibility of the timber ose which expanding and shrinking as the temperature change structions d to deliver a roof Cassette - Situated in the Cassette Situated on in the Cassette in Cassette A B - Situated the Cassette Cassette A Situated on on the the Cassette BC -- Situated the Cassette BC -- Situated Situated on on the the within the building space A could effect that. osed of small piecand lock corners of the quadrant.

In corners of the quadrant.

In corners of the quadrant.

In perimeter between Cassette perimeter between Cassette perimeter between Cassette perimeter between Cassette perimeter between Cassette uld be put togethnocked in. a quadrant there will be 4 of a there willthere be 4are of aA’s. quadrant there willthere be 4 are of A’s.quadrant In a quadrant A’s.

A’s.

In aa quadrant quadrant there are In A’s. In In aa quadrant quadrant there there are are ch as those which joinery instructions these, flipped and reflected these, and reflected these, flipped and reflected eight offlipped these, flipped and reeight eight of of these, flipped flipped and rereeight these, and eight of of these, these, flipped flipped and and reres to slide and lock variations along the x-axis. along the x-axis. along the x-axis. flected along the x-axis. flected along the x-axis. flected along the x-axis. flected along the x-axis. flected along the x-axis. s to be knocked in. elements. s.have Thesethe variations s vertical the cenelements.

1. Top Panel x1: 20mm Plywood (external 1. Topgrade) 1. Topgrade) Panel x1: Panel x1: 20mm Plywood (external perimeter epth. have the d towards the cenCNC Manufacture CNC Manufact CNC Manufacture

greatest depth.

of rigid in100mm ofxrigidEarly in600mm designs in which we discussed methods of lock- We discussed the inclusion of notches in the cassettes. asured at 600mm x Early designs in which we discussed methods of lock- We discussed the inclusion of notches in the cassettes. house, we ing How and where should these notches be placed? cassettes together. esting in house, we ing cassettes together.

How and where should these notches placed? rigidboard insulation x1: Insulation 2. 100mm 2. be 2. 100mm 100mm cut to rigidbo rigidboard insulation x1: Insulation cut to ngle that apersingle perexact dimensions either by supplier or CNC exact dimensio exact dimensions either by supplier or CNC mensions These dimensions at these cassettes cassettes n place whilst they hilst they

pansion tolerances e in direct contact olerances h the roof is sealed tbility contact of the timber is sealedchange mperature ect he that. timber

e change

s of locks of lock21

3. SideinPanel 3. Side 3. Side Plywood grade).

Panel Panel Plywood grade).

Cassette A - Situated the x4: 20mm Cassette B -(external Situated on the x4: 20mm Cassette C -(external Situated on the x4: Curved panels according structural system Curved panels Curved panels according to between structural system corners of the quadrant.

In perimeterto between Cassette perimeter Cassette CNC Manufact a quadrant there will beManufacture.

4 of A’s. In a quadrant CNC thereManufacture. are A’s. In a quadrantCNC there are these, flipped and reflected eight of these, flipped and reeight of these, flipped and reare de-in side panels: Notches Notches These are de-in sid along the x-axis. 4. Notches in side panels: flectedThese alongnotches the4.x-axis. flected alongnotches the4. x-axis. signed to allow the disk locks to site inside . signed signed to allow the disk locks to site inside . to allow 5.

We discussed the inclusion of notches in the cassettes.

We discussed the inclusion of notches in the cassettes.

How and where should these notches be placed?

Cassette Exploded 6 Parts How and where should these notches-be placed?

17 17

5. Bottom 5. Bottom Bottom Panel x1: 20mm Plywood (external grade) Panel x Panel x1: 20mm Plywood (external grade) 1. Top Panel x1: 20mm Plywood (external grade) CNC Manufacture

2.

Cassette Exploded - 6 Parts

100mm rigidboard insulation x1: Insulation cut to exact dimensions either by supplier or CNC Cassette Exploded - 6 Parts

Reflected ceiling: 1:20 Model. We were pleased with the undulations that were visible.

Reflected ceiling: 1:20 Model.

We were pleased with the undulations that were visible.

discs (as in the MACU House). Whether the discs goes on top of the roof at consist the lowest partdiscs; of thethe ceiling is “The disc” does in or fact of two first is decided the four forcedifferent diagram.roof cassettes a squareaccording one that to holds together and the second is the disc that tightens “The disc” does in fact consist of two discs; first is everything by being manually turned.

It hasthe a spirala square one that four different roof its cassettes ling cut which pullsholds the cassette in towards central 2.3_Roof - the Disk Lockthe together second isMechanism the that tightens point.

Sortand of like screwing lid ofdisc a bottle. everythingand by being manually turned. It has a spiralDesign Analysis ling cut which pulls the cassette in towards its central point. of likewithin screwing the lid ofare a bottle.

The 16Sort cassettes a quadrant interlocked via discs (as in the MACU House). Whether the discs goes on top of the roof or at the lowest part of the ceiling is decided according to the force diagram.

2.0_Design Development

“The disc” does in fact consist of two discs; the first is a square one that holds four different roof cassettes together and the second is the disc that tightens everything by being manually turned. It has a spiralling cut which pulls the cassette in towards its central point. Sort of like screwing the lid of a bottle.

Section profile of roof component in locking mechanism Section profile of roof component in locking mechanism

Section profile of roof component in locking mechanism

Second disc tightens and locks Second disc tightens and First locks disc holds components in place First disc holds components in place

Roof components

Roof components

Second disc tightens and locks

First disc holds components in place

Roof components

Profile of hole in second disc Profile of hole in second disc

Profile of hole in second disc

Sketching and resolving disk details 23

Sketching and resolving disk details

Lock disk arrangement showing disks on underside of structure as well as above.

Lock disk arrangement showing disks on underside of structure as well as above.

Lock disk arrangement showing disks on underside of structure as well as above.

Academic use only]

ock disk arrangement showing disks on _ATA REPORT 2016-2017

Disk Lock Template. The cross opening slots inside the notches within the roof cassettes. When turned, the roof cassettes are locked together.

Lock disk arrangement showing disks on

Discs goes on top of the roof near columns and underneath, in the ceiling in and near the centre of the span, according to the sketches.

In designing the column, we really wanted to find a solution which did not involve the use of screws or other components. We took much of our inspiration from Japanese carpentry and locking systems.

2.0_Design Development 2.4_Column - Interlock Design and Analysis The column is a very vital component within the main structure of the Lipari Retreat. The column takes both the load of the roof as well as the floor. The column has a for pin fork head allowing the roof structure to sit within. At a lower level, the column is split in two, coming together to interlock the floor structure.

In designing the column, we really wanted to find a solution which did not involve the use of screws or other components. We took much of our inspiration from Japanese carpentry and locking systems.

Sk ga pe str ly

Japanese carpentry methods require large warehouses. Rigorous testing takes place. However, tools that are used are still standard. There is no use of CNC milling such as that which we are proposing. However, by employing high tech methods of manufacturing, we aim to reduce costs in the long given the projects mass-production credentials.

21

Sketches showing some of our design discussions regarding our column design. We wanted our column to perform as an integral piece, typing our roof and floor structure together. Its slotting nature makes it relatively easy to handle.

he main es both column cture to in two, e.

o find a s or othon from

Ja es. are mi er, we ma

Sketches showing some of our design discussions regarding our column design. We wanted our column to perform as an integral piece, typing our roof and floor structure together. Its slotting nature makes it relatively easy to handle.

25

21

We envisage this column to incur issues if the structural components running through it expand. Although we have allowed 3-5mm tolerance to accommodate this expansion.

We envisage this column to incur issues if the structural components running through it expand. Although we have allowed 3-5mm tolerance to accommodate this expansion.

Top disc

Part of column

Top disc Part of roof

Part of column

Part of roof

Part of floor structure

Part of floor structure

_ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12

2.0_Design 2.0_DesignDevelopment Development 2.0_Design Development 2.5_Floor Structure 2.5_Floor 2.5_FloorStructure Structure Design and Analysis Design Designand andAnalysis AnalysisDevelopment 2.0_Design

The column is a very vital component within the main

The The column column is is aa very very vital vital component component within within the main main structure ofthe the Lipari Retreat. The column takes both 2.5_Floor Structure structure structureofofthe theLipari LipariRetreat.

Retreat.The Thecolumn column takes takes both both the load of the as well as the floor. The column Design and Analysis has a for pin forkroof head allowing the roof structure to the theload loadofofthe theroof roofasaswell wellasasthe thefloor. floor.The Thecolumn column sitroof within.

Atthe a lower The column is aallowing very vital component within main has hasa aforforpin pinfork forkhead head allowing the theroof structure structure toto level, the column is split in two, coming together to interlock the floor structure. structure of the Lipari Retreat.

The column takes both sitsitwithin. within.AtAta alower lowerlevel, level,the thecolumn columnis issplit splitinintwo, two, the load of the roof as well as the floor. The column coming coming together together toto interlock interlock the the floor floor structure. structure.

In designing the column, we really wanted to find a has a for pin fork head allowing the roof structure to solutioniswhich not involve the use of screws or othsit within. At a lower level, the column split did in two, er components.

We took much of our inspiration from InIndesigning designing the thecolumn, column, wereally really wanted wanted totofind find aa coming together towe interlock the floor structure.

Japanese carpentry and locking systems.

solution solution which which did did not not involve involve the the use use ofof screws screws oror othothIn designing the much column, really wanted tofrom find a erercomponents. components.

We Wetook took muchofwe ofour our inspiration inspiration from wescrews decided to work with timber we were already solution which did not involve theSince use of or othJapanese Japanese carpentry carpentry and and locking locking systems. systems. setour oninspiration the idea tofrom elevate the house off the ground to er components. We took much of jeopardizing moist traveling through the soil and Japanese carpentry and lockingavoid systems.

subsequently weaken the structure.

Since Since wewe decided decided toto work work with with timber timber we we were were already already Since we decided to work with timber we were already set setononthe theidea ideatotoelevate elevatethe thehouse houseoffoffthe theground ground toto A scaffolding jack isto made from stainless steel and can set on the idea to elevate the house off the ground avoid avoid jeopardizing jeopardizing moist moist traveling traveling through through the the soil soil and and take heavythe loads.

It also provides the ability to fineavoid jeopardizing moist traveling through soil and subsequently subsequently weaken weaken the the structure. structure. tune and level the structure independent from uneven subsequently weaken the structure. ground conditions. Just like in a scaffolding system the jacksteel could support the timber column.

AA scaffolding scaffolding jack jack is is made made from from stainless stainless steel and and can can A scaffolding jack is made from stainless steel and can take heavy loads.

It also provides the ability to finetake takeheavy heavyloads. loads.It Italso alsoprovides providesthe theability abilitytotofinefinetune and level the structure independent from uneven tune and level the structure independent from uneven tune and level the structure independent from uneven ground conditions. Just like in a scaffolding system the ground conditions. like inin atimber scaffolding the ground conditions.

Just like a scaffolding system the jack couldJust support the column. system

jack could support the timber column. jack could support the timber column.

column

column

column column

primary floor structure

primary floor structure

primary primary floor floor structure structure

Floor structure laying out sketches

Floor structure sketches showing the various parts come together to make the floor rigid. As the sk Floor structure laying out sketches shows above, the parts can all have a unique cod identify them. Like an IKEA wardrobe for exampl to design Floor structure sketches showingaimed the various partsthe thatstructure with components w arerigid. not ad are all imperative and necessa come together to make the floor As hoc the but sketch screw jack

screw jack

Scaffolding leg

Scaffolding leg

screw screw jack jack

Primary floor structure passes through column. ColumnScaffolding takes load imposed on floor. Scaffolding leg Scaffolding passes through legleg column 27

Primary floor structure passes through column. Col-

shows above, the parts can all have a unique code to identify them.

Like an IKEA wardrobe for example, we Floor Floor structure structure laying laying out out sketches sketches aimed to design the structure with components which are not ad hoc but are all imperative and necessary.

Floor structure sketches showing the various parts that Floor structure sketches showing the various parts that come cometogether togethertotomake makethe thefloor floorrigid. rigid.AsAsthe thesketch sketch shows showsabove, above,the theparts partscan canallallhave havea aunique uniquecode codetoto identify identifythem. them.Like LikeananIKEA IKEAwardrobe wardrobeforforexample, example,wewe aimed aimed toto design design the the structure structure with with components components which which are are not not adad hoc hoc but but are are allall imperative imperative and and necessary. necessary.

The column is a very vital component within the main structure of the Lipari Retreat. The column takes both the load of the roof as well as the floor. The column a very vital component within the has aThe for column pin forkishead allowing the roof structure tomain structure the Lipari The is column sit within.

At aoflower level, Retreat. the column split intakes two, both thetogether load of the roof as the wellfloor as the floor. The column coming to interlock structure. has a for pin fork head allowing the roof structure to sit within.

Atcolumn, a lower we level, the wanted column to is split In designing the really find in a two, coming together interlock the of floor structure. solution which did not to involve the use screws or other components. of our inspiration The columnWe is atook verymuch vital component withinfrom the main In designing theand column, we really wantedtakes to find a Japanese carpentry locking systems. structure of the Lipari Retreat.

The column both solution notas involve thethe usefloor. of screws or oththe loadwhich of thedid roof well as The column er Wehead tookallowing much ofthe our roof inspiration from hascomponents. a for pin fork structure to Japanese locking systems. sit within. carpentry At a lowerand level, the column is split in two, coming together to interlock the floor structure.

In designing the column, we really wanted to find a solution which did not involve the use of screws or other components. We took much of our inspiration from Japanese carpentry and locking systems.

Timber split in two. Holes made for wedges.

Half-lap joint on floor joists. Point load typically greatest at this point.

Timber split in two. Holes made for wedges.

Half-lap joint on floor joists. Point load typically greatest at this point.

Timber split in two. Holes made for wedges.

Half-lap joint on floor joists. Point load typically greatest at this point.

Scaffold leg goes through column

Wedges which are knocked in with a hammer or mallet.

Scaffold leg goes

Scaffolding leg sketches. The leg through feeds into a hole on column the underside of the column.

Wedges which are knocked in with a hammer or mallet.

Scaffolding leg sketches. The leg feeds into a hole on the underside of the column.

Scaffold leg goes through column

Wedges which are knocked in with a hammer or mallet.

Scaffolding leg sketches. The leg feeds into a hole on the underside of the column.

Wedges

Wedges

Secondary Floor Structure Secondary Floor Structure

Column - Lower Part Wedges

Column - Lower Part

Primary Floor Structure Primary Floor Structure

Secondary Floor Structure

Column - Lower Scaffolding Part leg foundations Scaffolding leg foundations

Primary Floor Floor structure Structure

rhino model - underside

2.0_Design Development 2.0_Design Development 2.0_Design Development 2.6_Model Testing 2.6_Model Testing 2.6_Model Testing 1:20 Model 1:20 1:20Model Model

29

2.0_Design Development 2.0_Design Development Development 2.0_Design 2.6_Model Testing Testing 2.6_Model Testing 2.6_Model 1:20 Model Interior Shots 1:20 Interior Shots 1:20 Model Model --Interior Shots

30

2.0_Design Development

sette sections coming together and manually tied together first, with a square disk and secondly, with a diamond disk and Testing spiralling lock mechanism. The model 2.6_Model was interesting in revealing the importance of getting 1:1 Detail Model - Lock Mechanism these dimensions perfect. Our first attempt was not a successful.

After Model glueingshows together cassettes, The Disk Lock a 1:1 the prototype of 4they cas2.6_Model Testing did not seem to retain their exact shape.

We sette sections coming together and manuallysuspect tied tothis was due with to the mitre jointsand at secondly, the centre which 1:1 Detail Model - Lock Mechanism gether first, a square disk with a diaren’t so easy to achieve unless you have very precise amond disk and spiralling lock mechanism. The model The Disk Lock Model shows a 1:1 prototype ofgetting 4were castools your disposal.

In addition, the disk locks was at interesting in revealing the importance of sette sections coming together and manually tied laser cut to size however, they did not allow tolerance these dimensions perfect. Our first attempt was nottoa gether first, After with aglueing square diskcassettes. and secondly, with athey difor the unpredictability of the successful. together the cassettes, amond and lock mechanism.

Thesuspect model did not disk seem to spiralling retain their exact shape. We was interesting in revealing the importance of getting However, after a few more hours in the workshop, we this was due to the mitre joints at the centre which these dimensions perfect.

Our first attempt was not a managed to resolve the issue.

The next page demonaren’t so easy to achieve unless you have very precise successful.

After glueing together the cassettes, they strates the process of applying the disks and locking tools at your disposal. In addition, the disk locks were did to retain their exact shape.

Wetolerance suspect the 4 not cassettes together. laser cutseem to size however, they did not allow this was due to the mitre joints at the centre which for the unpredictability of the cassettes. aren’t so easy to achieve unless you have very precise tools at your disposal.

In addition, locks were However, after a few more hours inthe thedisk workshop, we laser cut to size however, they did not allow managed to resolve the issue. The next pagetolerance demonfor the unpredictability of the cassettes. strates the process of applying the disks and locking

2.0_Design Development

the 4 cassettes together.

However, after a few more hours in the workshop, we managed to resolve the issue. The next page demonstrates the process of applying the disks and locking the 4 cassettes together.

31

Align four cassettes so that the correct notches are meeting each other.

Align four cassettes so that the correct notches are Align four cassettes meeting each other. so that the correct notches are meeting each other.

Place square guide disk roughly in place and adjust cassettes so that disk can slide on smoothly.

Place square guide disk roughly in place and adjust Place square guide place and adjust cassettes so that diskdisk canroughly slide oninsmoothly. cassettes so that disk can slide on smoothly.

Place square guide disk in place.

Grab the diamond disk, ensure the disk is orientated correctly. It has a specific way to go in. The notches Grab the diamond disk, ensure the disk is orientated are to ensure disk, the spiralling cut in theorientated disk can Grabsized the diamond ensure the disk correctly.

It has a specific way to go in. is The notches rotate around it. correctly. a specific way to cut go in.

The disk notches are sized It to has ensure the spiralling in the can are sized to ensure the spiralling cut in the disk can rotate around it. rotate around it.

Place the diamond disk relatively in place. This is your chance to nudge the four cassettes with some force so Place the diamond disk relatively in place. This is your that are tight up against onein another.

Placethey the place.

Thisforce is your chance to diamond nudge thedisk fourrelatively cassettes with some so chance toare nudge cassettes with some force so that they tightthe upfour against one another. that they are tight up against one another.

Ensure diamond goes in cleanly. Continue to ensure cassettes haven’t separated.

Ensure diamond goes in cleanly. Continue to ensure Ensure diamond in cleanly. Continue to ensure cassettes haven’t goes separated. cassettes haven’t separated.

Begin locking disk by twisting it clockwise. Second person should ensure the cassettes are not separating.

Begin locking disk by twisting it clockwise. Second Begin locking disk by it are clockwise.

Second person should ensure thetwisting cassettes not separating.

Disk is now locked. All four cassettes are now rigid and immovable. They structurally act together now.

Disk is now locked. All four cassettes are now rigid and Disk is now locked.

All four cassettes are now rigid and immovable.

They structurally act together now.

Place square guide disk in place.

Place square guide disk in place.

we took on their and reflected Intiques, addition to this this particular criticism, the critiques The first and most prevalent criticism the made about ed by two unskilled people. Although we pointed out 2.7_Critical Reflection tiques, we took onboard board theircomments comments and reflected In addition to particular criticism, critiques on strategy asasaathere whole and made some changes.

Critique were also not convinced our roof cassettes could be that the design is simple, we do concede that there is our design was that were simply too many parts Next Steps onthe the strategy whole and made some changes. were also not convinced our roof cassettes could be a lot of repetition of steps. This could be a very time handled with ease.

The most rational method ofto conwhich required assembly.

Therational brief hasmethod asked usof deHaving presented ourmost initial design proposal to crihandled with ease.

The conconsuming process.

The first and most prevalent criticism made about sign an inhabitable structure which can beand constructstruction would require fortheir the cassettes to be lifted Critique The first and most prevalent criticism made about tiques, we tookrequire on board comments reflected struction would for the cassettes to be lifted our design was that there were simply too many parts presented our initial design proposal to cried two unskilled Although we out and held above head whilstwere a Having second person placed our design washead that there simply toopointed many parts onby the strategy as apeople. whole and made some changes. and held above whilst a second person placed Middle Passage, Passage, small small windows windows tiques, we took on board their comments and reflected In addition to this particular criticism, the critiques which required assembly.

The brief has asked usthere to deMiddle that the design is simple, we do concede that is a disk lock in the available notches.

Even after the which required assembly.

The brief has asked us to de2.7_Critical asign diskanlock in theReflection available notches.

Even on the strategy as aafter whole the and made somealso changes. were not convinced our roof cassettes could be inhabitable structure which can be constructasign lot repetition of structure steps.

This could be a to very time disk is of locked, themost cassette needs to be be held to ensure an inhabitable which can be constructThe first and prevalent criticism made about disk is locked, the cassette needs to held ensure handled Next Steps ed by two unskilled people.

Although we pointed out The This first and most prevalent criticism made with about ease. The most rational method of conconsuming process. all sides are notched and locked. process seems ed by two unskilled people.

Although we pointed out our design was that there were simply too many parts all sides are notched and we locked.

This was process seems ourconcede design that there were simply too many parts struction require for the cassettes to be lifted that the design is simple, do that there is unconvincing given the loadThe ofdo each cassette and the that design is the simple, we concede that is has asked us towould whichthe required assembly. brief has asked usthere to dewhich required assembly.

The brief deunconvincing given load of each cassette and the and held above head whilst a second person placed a lot of repetition of steps.

This could be a very time Ina addition toduty this tools particular criticism, the critiques sign an inhabitable structure which can be constructlotan of repetition of steps. could be very time manual, heavy free This nature of construction. sign inhabitable structure which can beaconstructmanual, heavy duty tools free nature of construction.

Critique consuming process. a disk lock in the available notches. Even after the ed by two unskilled people.

Although we pointed out were also convinced our Although roof cassettes could be consuming process. ed by twonot unskilled people. weispointed out that the design simple,to we crido concede that there is the cassette needs to be held to ensure disk is locked, Having presented our initial design proposal handled with ease.

The most method ofthere conHowever, we were praised on the concept ofof our our dethat thewe design ispraised simple, werational do that a lotconcede of repetition steps.

Thisiscould be a very time However, were on the concept of deIn addition totothis particular criticism, the critiques all sides are notched and locked. This process seems tiques, we took on board their comments and reflected struction would require for the cassettes to be lifted consuming process.

In addition this particular criticism, the critiques sign.

The design of the roof seems as if it is floating. a lot of repetition of steps.

This could be a very time sign.

The design of the roof seems as ifsome it is could floating. were also not convinced our roof cassettes be unconvincing given the load of each cassette and the on the strategy as a whole and made changes. and held above head whilst a second person placed were also not convinced our cassettes could be Internally, the aesthetic look ofInroof the ceiling and diskconsuming process.

Middle Passage, small windows addition to thisand particular criticism, the critiques Internally, the aesthetic look of the ceiling diskhandled with ease.

The most rational method of conmanual, heavy duty tools free nature of construction. a disk lock in the available notches.

Even after the handled ease. aThe most rational method ofour conlocks wouldwith provide layer of were detail depth, givalsoand not convinced roof cassettes could be locks would provide a layer of detail and depth, givstruction would require for thehandled cassettes toto be lifted The and most prevalent criticism made about withheld ease.

The most rational method of condisk isfirst locked, the cassette needs to be to ensure struction would require for cassettes be lifted Incharacter addition to this particular criticism, the critiques ing character to the space.

It the was also clear that our ing to the space.

It was also clear that our struction would require forparts the cassettes to be lifted and held above head whilst a second person placed However, we were praised on the concept of our deour design was that there were simply too many all sides are notched and locked.

This process seems and head whilst a second person placed wereheld also above not convinced our roof cassettes interlocking design requires little to no tools.

The inMiddle Passage, small windows and held above headcould whilstinabe second person placed interlocking design requires little to no tools.

The Middle Passage, a disk lock in the available notches.

Even after the Middle Passage, small windows small windows sign.

The of the roof seems as if it is floating. which required assembly.

The brief has asked us to deunconvincing given the load of each cassette and the a disk lock inease. the available notches. after the arational disksimple lock method inEven the available notches. Even afterdesign the handled with The most of conterlocking mechanisms are smart, and manuterlocking mechanisms arefree smart, and manudisk isan the cassette needs to be to ensure diskcassettes issimple locked, the cassette needs toInternally, be held to ensure the aesthetic look of the ceiling and disksign inhabitable structure which can be constructmanual, heavy duty tools nature of construction. disk islocked, locked, the cassette to beheld held to struction would require forneeds the to beensure lifted facturable. facturable. all sides areprocess notched and locked. This process seems all sides are notched and locked.

This seems locks would provide a layer of detail and depth, gived by two unskilled people.

Although we pointed out all sides are notched and locked.

This process seems and held above head whilst a second person placed unconvincing given the load of each cassette and the Middle Passage, small windows unconvincing given the load ofdo each cassette and the However, we were praised on the concept of our deing character to the space. It was also clear that our that the design is simple, we concede that there is unconvincing given the load of each cassette and the manual, heavy duty tools free nature of construction. disk lockit in the In aaddition, addition, is also alsoavailable importantnotches. to note noteEven that after we did did In it is important to that we manual, heavy duty tools free nature of construction. sign. design of of the roof seems asbe ifbe it is floating. amanual, lotaThe of repetition steps.

This could a stage. very time interlocking design requires little to no tools. The inheavy duty tools free nature of construction. disk isfull locked, cassette needs to held to ensure have set of ofthe drawings and details at this However, we were praised on the concept of our dehave a full set drawings and details at this stage.

Internally, the aesthetic look of the ceiling and diskmechanisms are smart, simple and manuconsuming process. all sides are notched and locked.

This process seems sign. The design of the roof seems terlocking as if it is floating.

However, we were praised on the concept ofofour deOpen external external space-large space-large over-hang over-hang with locks would provide athe layer ofof detail and depth, givwith long long floor floor to to ceiling ceiling windows windows Internally, the aesthetic look of thefacturable. ceiling and diskHowever, we were on the concept our deunconvincing givenpraised load each cassette and the Open sign.

The ofofthe roofItseems asasifclear itthe isisfloating. locks would provide acritiques layerour of detail and depth, giving character the space. was also that Insign. addition totothis particular criticism, Thedesign design the if it floating. manual, heavy duty toolsroof freeseems nature of construction. ingthe character to the space.

It was also clear that our Internally, aesthetic look of ceiling and diskinterlocking design requires little no tools.

The inwere also the not convinced our roof cassettes could be toInnoaddition, Internally, the aesthetic look of to the ceiling and diskGoing Forward interlocking design requires little tools. The in-it is also important to note that we did Going Forward locks would provide aalayer ofof detail and depth, terlocking mechanisms are smart, simple and manuterlocking mechanisms aregivsmart, simple and manulocks would provide layer detail and depth, givhave a full set of drawings and details at this stage. handled with ease.

The most rational method of conHowever, we were praised on the concept of our deBeing relativelyto satisfied withItthe the concept, we decided decided facturable.

Being relatively satisfied with concept, we ing character the space. was also clear that our facturable. ing character to the space.

It was also clear that our struction would require for the cassettes to be lifted sign.

The design of the roof seems as if it is floating. the design required required refinement.

Thistorefinement refinement mainly Open external spac the design refinement.

This mainly interlocking design requires little The ininterlocking design requires little tono noittools. tools.

The in-to note that we did and held above head whilst aIn person placed Internally, the aesthetic look ofsecond the ceiling and diskaddition, is also important involved the roof.

Although we felt the idea of creating Middle Passage, small windows involved the roof.

Although we felt the idea of creating terlocking mechanisms are smart, simple and manuhave a full set of drawings and details at this stage.

In addition, it is also important to note that we did are smart, simple and manuaterlocking disk would lock in the available notches.

Even after the locks provide a layer of detail depth, givcassettes wasmechanisms strong, and in principle, principle, if,and hypotheticalfacturable. cassettes was strong, and in if, hypotheticalGoing Forward have a full set of drawings and details at this stage.

Open external space-large over-hang with long floor to ceiling windows facturable. ing character to in the space.

Itallowed wastoalso clear our locked, the cassette needs befor held tothat ensure ly,disk theis constraints the brief this buildly, the constraints in the brief allowed for this buildBeing relatively satisfied with the concept, we decided interlocking design requires little to no tools.

The inall sides are notched and locked.

This process seems ing to be be constructed constructed by moreGoing than just two two people, people, Open external space-large over-hang with long floor to ceiling windows Forward InInto addition, ititisisalso important toto note that we did ing by more than just addition, also important note that we did the design required refinement. This refinement mainly terlocking mechanisms are smart, simple and manuunconvincing given the load of each cassette and the say 3-4, we may have opted to continue course with Being relatively satisfied with the concept, we decided have aafull set drawings and details atatthis stage. say 3-4, we may have opted tonature continue course with involved the roof. Although we felt the idea of creating have full setofof drawings and thisrefinement. stage. facturable. manual, heavy duty tools of construction. thedetails design required the cassettes, however, we free needed to be be realistic andThis refinement mainly Going Forward the cassettes, however, we needed to realistic involved the roof.

Althoughand we felt the idea of creating cassettes was strong, and in principle, Open if, hypotheticalmake some changes.

Openexternal externalspace-large space-largeover-hang over-hangwith withlong longfloor floortotoceiling ceilingwindows windows cassettes was strong, and in principle, if, hypotheticalmake some changes.

Being relatively satisfied with the concept, we decided In addition, is also important to note that we did ly, the constraints in the brief allowed for this buildHowever, we it were praised only,the concept of our dethe constraints in the brief allowed for this buildthe design required refinement.

This refinement mainly have a the full set of of drawings and at this stage. ingdetails to beas constructed by more than justto twobe people, ing constructed by more than just two people, sign.

The design thehow roof seems if it is play: floating.

Going Forward Here are figures for many parts are in Going Forward involved thefigures roof. Although we felt theweidea of creating Here are the for how many parts are in play: say 3-4, may have opted to continue course with say 3-4, we may have opted to continue course with Internally, the aesthetic look of the ceiling and diskthe concept, cassettes, however, we needed to be realistic and Being satisfied the we decided Open external space-large over-hang with long floor to ceiling windows cassettes was strong, andwith in principle, if, hypotheticalBeingrelatively relatively satisfied with the concept, we decided locks would provide a6layer ofmake detail and depth, giv- the cassettes, however, we needed to be realistic and some changes.

Single Roof Cassette = the design required refinement.

This refinement mainly ly,the the constraints in=refinement. the allowed for this buildSingle Roof Cassette 6 brief design required Thisalso refinement mainly ing character to=Although the space.

It felt was clear that our make some changes.

Single Quadrant 96 involved the roof. we the idea ofoffor creating Going Forward Here are the figures how many parts are in play: ing toQuadrant be constructed by more than just two people, Single = 96 involved the roof.

Although we felt the idea creating interlocking design requires little to no tools.

The inFull Building (12 quadrants) =inprinciple, 1152 cassettes was strong, in if,if,hypotheticalsay 3-4,relatively we may haveand opted to continue course with Full Building (12 quadrants) = 1152 cassettes was strong, and principle, hypotheticalBeing satisfied with the concept, we=decided Single Roof Cassette 6manu- Here are the figures for how many parts are in play: terlocking mechanisms are smart, simple and ly, the constraints ininthe allowed this the however, webrief needed to befor realistic and ly, the constraints the brief allowed for thisbuildbuildSingle Quadrant = 96 thecassettes, design required refinement.

This refinement mainly facturable. ing to be constructed by more than just two people, That’s 1152 individual parts excluding disk-locks and Full Building (12 quadrants) = 1152 make some changes. ing to bethe constructed by more than just people, That’s 1152 individual parts excluding and involved roof. Although we felt thedisk-locks ideatwo of creating Single Roof Cassette = 6 say 3-4, we may have opted to continue course with insulation boards. say 3-4,boards. we may haveand opted to continue course with insulation cassettes was strong, in principle, if, hypotheticalThat’s 1152 individual parts excluding disk-locks and Single Quadrant = 96 In addition, it is also important to note that we did the cassettes, however, we needed totoboards. be realistic and Here areconstraints the figures for how many parts are in play: the cassettes, however, webrief needed be realistic and Full Building (12 quadrants) = 1152 insulation ly, the in the allowed for this buildhave a full set of drawings and details at this stage. make some our changes.

We decided our roof needed needed to be bethan refined.

We began began make changes.

We decided roof to refined.

We ing to some be constructed by more just roof two people, Single Quadrant Single Quadrant Quadrant with with this One Cassettes this revised Cassettes is revised structure is composed structure now composed out now conout of conof 6 Single We decided our needed to be Single refined. We began Quadrant -- One to strip back our cassettes and revealed just the strucSingle Quadrant Single Quadrant - One Cassettes with this revised isOpen structure composed now out of66 space-large conSingle Roof Cassette = 6 external over-hang with long to say strip3-4, back cassettes and revealed the strucweour may have opted tostrip continue course with floor to ceiling windows to backjust our cassettes and revealed just the strucparts. sists of The 8 pieces. quadrant in total consists of 96 pieces.

That’sThe 1152quadrant individual parts excluding disk-locks parts. The sistsof of 8 pieces. quadrant 8 pieces. in total consists in total of 96 pieces.and sists consists of 96 pieces.

Here are the figures for many parts are instructure ture.

Above all, the structure ismany theAbove most important.

Ifthe parts.

Single Quadrant = 96 ture. all, the is most important. If Here are the figures forhow how parts are inplay: play: theAbove cassettes, however, we needed to be realistic and ture. all, the structure is the most important.

If In structural this new new structural ararIn this new ar- structural insulation boards.

In this the structure isand light in weight manageable and in place, the structure is light weight manageable manageable place, Full Building (12 quadrants) = 1152 rangement,rangement, the disk-locks the disk-locks make someis changes. the structure light weight and in place, Going Forward thermal and weather proof features could easily be Single now act torangement, tie one quadrant the disk-locks thermal and weather proof features could easily be SingleRoof RoofCassette Cassette=proof =66 features thermal and weather easily added to could it. In revealing justbe the structure, we considnow act to to ittie one one quadrant quadrant to another.now The quadrant We decided our roof needed to be refined.

We began Being relatively satisfied with the concept, we decided act tie Single Quadrant = 96 added to it.the In revealing just the structure, wespanning considThat’s 1152 individual parts excluding disk-locks and ered a waffle grid, the same size as a single Single Quadrant -self One is with composed Single Quadrant = 96 out ofit6 Si Here to are figures for howthe many parts are in play: is Cassettes self-supporting added it.

In revealing just structure, we considto another.

The quadrant the design required refinement.

This refinement mainly to strip back our cassettes and revealed just the structo another.

The quadrant itquadrant.

Full Building (12 quadrants) =the 1152 ered a waffle grid, spanning same size as a single insulation boards. loads transferring to their parts.

The quadrant Full Building (12 quadrants) = 1152 in total consists of 96 pieces. ered a waffle thefelt same single ture. Above all, the structure is the most important. If self is self-supporting self-supporting with with si involved the grid, roof. spanning Although we thesize ideaasofacreating is respective self columns. quadrant.

Single Roof Cassette = 6 The new figures: quadrant. loads transferring transferring to to their their the structure is light weight manageable and in place, cassettes was strong, and in principle, if, hypotheticalloads That’s 1152 parts disk-locks and We decided our roof needed to be refined.

We began That’s 1152individual individual partsexcluding excluding disk-locks and Single Quadrant - One Cassettes is composed out of 6 Single Quadrant with this revised Single Quadrant = 96 respective columns. structure now conSingle Quadrant 8thisstrucly,insulation the constraints in the brief allowed for= the build- thermal and weather proof features could easily be respective columns. insulation boards. to strip back our and revealed just The new figures: boards.

Full Building (12 cassettes quadrants) = 1152 The new figures: Fullthan Building = 96two people, parts. sists of 8 pieces.

The quadrant in total consists of 96 pieces. added to it.

In revealing just the structure, we considing to be constructed by more just ture. Above all, the structure is the most important. If In this new structural arsay 3-4, we our may have opted tobe continue course with ered a waffle grid, spanning the same size as a single We decided needed toto refined.

We the structure isour light manageable and in began place, Single Quadrant =roof 8 weight We decided roof needed be refined.

We began That’s 1152 individual parts excluding disk-locks and Single Quadrant Quadrant - -One with this Cassettes revised isiscomposed now out ofof66 Single rangement, the disk-locks Single Quadrant = 8 Single Single Quadrant Quadrant with One this Cassettes revisedstructure structure composed nowconout conquadrant. the cassettes, however, weand needed tocould be realistic and to strip back our cassettes revealed just the structhermal and weather proof features easily be parts.

Full Building = 96 to strip back our cassettes and revealed just the strucinsulation boards. sists of The 8 pieces. quadrant in total consists of 96 pieces. now act to tie one quadrant Full Building = 96 sists parts. of The 8 pieces. quadrant in total consists of 96 pieces.

29 make some changes. ture. the isisthe most IfIf added to it. all, In revealing just the structure, we considture.Above Above all, thestructure structure the mostimportant. important.

InInanother. this structural to The quadrantaritthis new new structural arthe structure is light weight manageable and in place, ered a waffle grid, spanning the same size as a single the is light manageable and in began place, The new figures: rangement, the disk-locks We structure decided our roofweight needed to be refined.

We self is self-supporting with rangement, the disk-locks Single Single Quadrant Quadrant with One this Cassettes revised is composed out of 6 structure now conthermal weather features could easily be Here areand the forproof howand many parts are play: quadrant. thermal andfigures weather proof features could easily be now tototie to strip back our cassettes revealed just in the strucloads transferring to their nowact act tieone onequadrant quadrant sists of 8 pieces. parts. Quadrant The quadrant in total consists of 96 pieces. added to it.

In revealing just the structure, we considSingle = 8 added to it. all, In revealing just the structure, we considto another.

The quadrant ture.

Above the structure is the most important.

If respective columns. to quadrantitit29 a waffle In another. this newThe structural arered grid, spanning the asasaasingle Single Cassette =6 29 The new figures: ered aRoof waffle thesame samesize size single Full Building = 96 self is self-supporting with the structure isgrid, lightspanning weight manageable and in place, self is self-supporting with rangement, the disk-locks quadrant.

Single Quadrant = 96 proof features could easily be quadrant. loads transferring thermal and weather loads transferring to their their now act to tie one to quadrant Full Building (12 quadrants) = 1152 Single Quadrant = 8 respective columns. added to it. In revealing just the structure, we considrespective to another.columns.

The quadrant itThe new figures: Full Building = 96 The new figures: ered a waffle grid, spanning the same size as a single self is self-supporting with That’s 1152 individual parts excluding disk-locks and 29 quadrant. loads transferring to their Single ==88 insulation boards.

SingleQuadrant Quadrant respective columns.

Full Building = 96 Full = 96 The Building new figures: We decided our roof needed to be refined. We began 29 Single Quadrant - One Cassettes is composed out of 6 Single Quadrant with this revised structure now contoSingle strip back our cassettes and revealed just the strucQuadrant =8

2.0_Design Development

33

3.0_FINAL DESIGN

3.0_Final Design 3.1_Final Set of Drawings Drawing Registry

Drawing Name

Drawing Number

Revision

1 - Floor Structure Plan...........................................................

ATA-010-FLOOR STRUCTURE PLAN.................................................................

Final

2 - Floor Plan.............................................................................

ATA-011-GROUND FLOOR PLAN........................................................................

Final

3 - Reflected Ceiling...................................................................

ATA-012-REFLECTIVE CEILING PLAN...............................................................

Final

4 - Long Section...........................................................................

ATA-020-LONG SECTION......................................................................................

Final

5 - Short Section..........................................................................

ATA-021-SHORT SECTION.....................................................................................

Final

6 - Section Annotated................................................................

ATA-022-SECTION ANNOTATED.........................................................................

Final

7 - Floor Section Detail...............................................................

ATA-030-FLOOR SECTION DETAIL.....................................................................

Final

8 - Floor to Column Detail 2D...............................................

ATA-031-FLOOR TO COLUMN [CONSTRUCTION DETAIL 2D]......................

Final

9 - Floor to Column Detail Axo............................................

ATA-032-FLOOR TO COLUMN [CONSTRUCTION DETAIL AXO].................

Final

10 - Roof Section Detail..............................................................

ATA-040-ROOF SECTION DETAIL.......................................................................

Final

11 - Column to Roof Detail 2D................................................

ATA-041-ROOF TO COLUMN [CONSTRUCTION DETAIL 2D]........................

Final

12 - Column to Roof Detail Axo.............................................

ATA-042-ROOF TO COLUMN [CONSTRUCTION DETAIL AXO]....................

Final

13 - Full Exploded Axo..............................................................

ATA-050-EXPLODED AXO ANNOTATED............................................................

Final

Drawings presented last in this document.

35

3.2_Final Models 3.2_Final Models Model 1:10 1:10 Model

3.0_Final Design Our model 1:10 model represents halfofofthe the total total scheme. scheme.

Our 1:10 represents half Since the total scheme would be too large and too ex-

Since the total scheme would be too large and too ex3.2_Final Models pensive too model, we opted to model half and aimed pensive too model, we opted to model half and aimed to model as much detail as possible. We found that 1:10 Model to model as much as possible.

We found that the model was detail a lot more communicative stripped the model wasitsaroof lotmembers more communicative stripped back, with exposed.

Our 1:10back, model half of exposed. the total scheme. withrepresents its roof members Since the total scheme would be too large and too expensive too model, we opted to model half and aimed to model as much detail as possible. We found that the model was a lot more communicative stripped back, with its roof members exposed.

36

Roof panels stripped back. Structure revealed.

3.0_Final Design 3.0_Final Design 3.2_Final Models

3.0_Final Design 1:10 ModelModels 3.2_Final 1:10 Model 3.2_Final Models 1:10 Model

Primary roof beams feeding through columns.

Primary roof beams feeding through columns.

Primary Primary roof beams feeding through columns. roof beams feeding through columns.

Primary roof beams feeding through columns.

Walls sitting within roof beams.

Walls sitting within roof beams.

34

38

34 34

Walls sitting within roof beams.

Disk lock presents an aesthetic feature as well as practical solution

Disk lock presents an aesthetic feature as well as practical solution

Disk lock presents an aesthetic feature as well as practical solution

Disk lock presents an aesthetic feature as well as practical solution

_ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12 _ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _THE LIPARI RETREAT _GROUP 12 _THE LIPARI RETREAT

Everything slots in like a glove.

Everything slots in like a glove.

35

1:5 Detail Floor/Column- Detail

3.0_Final Design 3.2_Final Models 1:5 Detail Floor/Column- Detail

40

3.0_Final Design 3.2_Final Models 1:1 Floor Structure - Detail

41

3.0_Final Design 3.0_Final Design 3.2_Final Models

3.2_Final Models 1:1 Floor Detail - Assembly Process 1:1 Floor Detail - Assembly Process

42

The 1:1 floor detail model represents a 600x600mm grid patch from the overall floor. It’s purpose is to demonstrate how the floor structure is put together with no tools, just by hand.

3.0_Final Design

3.0_Final Design

3.3_Structural Analysis Design and Strategy

3.3_Structural Analysis Design and Strategy

Each column in supporting both roof and floor in a square around it, where the column in the absolute centre.

Both the floor and the roof are interlocking with its surrounding column-supported roof and floor. By doing this it creates a portal frame structure bracing.

1. Impossible Each column scenarioinsince supporting the right both partroof physically and floor in in a the waysquare of tilting around left column-floor-roof. it, where the column in the absolute centre.

Both the floor and the roof are interlocking with its surrounding column-supported roof and floor. By doing this it creates a portal frame structure bracing.

To the right is a list row of different ways the structure could collapse in theory but also a lot of impossible scenarios - because of our portal frame bracing system and basic physics.

To the right is a list row of different ways the structure could collapse in theory but also a lot of impossible scenarios - because of our portal frame bracing system and basic physics.

2. Impossible scenario since both parts is physically preventing each other.

There are 6 points of joints per portal frame. The strongest joints are where the column supports the roof and the floor. In the middle where they meet we have joints between floor and roof. This pin joint is the interlocking disc in the ceiling and the wedge joint in the floor structure.

The dead and live loads travels trough the roof and floor structure to the column which leads the gravity load into the ground.

There are 6 points of joints per portal frame. The strongest joints are where the column supports the roof and the floor. In the middle where they meet we have joints between floor and roof. This pin joint is the interlocking disc in the ceiling and the wedge joint in the floor structure.

3. Highly unlikely scenario since both parts is interThe in dead liveinloads travels trough linked (pin) the and middle both floor and roof. the roof and floor structure to the column which leads the gravity load into the ground.

4. Impossible scenario since both parts is interlinked (pin) in the middle in both floor and roof.

Strong point joint

Pin joint

Gravity load

2. Impossible scenario since both parts is physically preventing each other.

3. Highly unlikely scenario since both parts is interlinked (pin) in the middle in both floor and roof.

4. Impossible scenario since both parts is interlinked (pin) in the middle in both floor and roof.

Pin joint

Gravity load

Gravity load

44

Strong point joint

1. Impossible scenario since the right part physically in the way of tilting left column-floor-roof.

Gravity load

5. Likely scenario where the collapse is caused by lateral force, such as strong winds. However there are 4 strong links in the portal frame that is working together against this force; both interlinks of the primary roof structure and the floor structure.

5. Likely scenario where the collapse is caused by lateral force, such as strong winds. However there are 4 strong links in the portal frame that is working together against this force; both interlinks of the primary roof structure and the floor structure.

5. Impossible scenario since both parts is interlinked in the middle (pin) in both floor and roof.

5. Impossible scenario since both parts is interlinked in the middle (pin) in both floor and roof.

3.4_Material Analysis 3.4_Material Analysis On all surfaces interior (ceiling, floor and wall panels) Birch Plywood: and exterior, apart from columns and on roof.

Choices and Rationale 3.4_Material Analysis Choices and Rationale

3.0_Final 3.0_Final Design Design 3.4_Material Analysis Choices and Rationale On allPlywood: surfaces interior (ceiling, floor for anddemanding wall panels) Birch Extremely durable Nordic plywood 3.0_Final Design 3.4_Material Analysis Birch Plywood: and exterior, apart from columns and on roof.

45

applications.

MetsäRationale Wood Birch plywood is made of Choices and Birch Plywood: Choices and Rationale On all surfaces interior (ceiling, and wall panels) cross-bonded 1.4 mm thick birch floor veneers.

The panels 3.4_Material Analysis On all surfaces interior (ceiling, floor and wall panels) Extremely durable Nordic plywood for demanding Birch Plywood: and exterior, apart from columns and on roof. are sanded on apart both sides and theirand surface is smooth, Birch Plywood: and exterior, from columns on roof.

Birch Plywood: On all surfaces interior (ceiling, floor and wall panels) Choices and Rationale applications.

Metsä Wood Birch is plywood is made hard and durable.

Birch plywood characterized byof and exterior, apart from columns and on roof. cross-bonded 1.4 mm thick birch veneers.

The panels On all surfaces interior (ceiling, floor and wall panels) Extremely durable Nordic plywood for demanding excellent strength andNordic stiffness properties, and thereOn all surfaces interior (ceiling, floor and panels) Extremely durable plywood for wall demanding Birch Plywood: On all surfaces interior (ceiling, floorsurface and wall panels) are sanded on both sides and their ismade smooth, and exterior, apart from columns and on roof. applications.

Metsä Wood Birch plywood is of fore it performs very well in applications demanding and exterior, apart from columns and on roof. applications.

MetsäBirch Wood Birch plywood is made by of and exterior, apart from columns and on roof.

Extremely durable Nordic plywood for demanding hard and durable. plywood is characterized cross-bonded 1.4 mm thick birch veneers.

The panels high strength and rigidity. cross-bonded 1.4 mm thick birch veneers.

The panels On all surfaces interior (ceiling, floor and wall panels) applications.

Metsä Wood Birch plywood is made of excellent strength and stiffness properties, and thereExtremely durable Nordic plywood for demanding are sanded on both sides and their surface is smooth, Extremely durable Nordic plywood for demanding are sanded on both sides and their surface is smooth, and exterior, apart from columns and on roof.

Extremely durable Nordic plywood for demanding cross-bonded 1.4 mm thick birch veneers.

The panels fore itand performs very well inBirch applications demanding applications.

Metsä Wood plywood is made it of hard Birch plywood is characterized by Birch plywood has also good resistance to humidity, applications.

Wood Birch plywood is of hard and durable. durable.

Birch plywood issurface characterized by applications.

Metsä Wood Birch plywood isismade made of are sanded onMetsä both sides and their smooth, high strength and rigidity. cross-bonded 1.4 mm thick birch veneers.

The panels excellent strength and stiffness properties, and thereiscross-bonded easy to machine handle.

Birch plywood panels 1.4 mm thick birch veneers.

The panels excellent strength and stiffness properties, and panels thereExtremely durable Nordic plywood for demanding cross-bonded 1.4 mm thick birch veneers.

The hard and durable.

Birch plywood is characterized by are sanded on both sides their surface is smooth, fore it performs very well in applications demanding surface characteristics canand further enhanced us-of are sanded on both sides and their surface is smooth, fore itplywood performs very well inbe applications demanding applications.

Wood Birch plywood is are sanded onMetsä both sides and their surface ismade smooth, excellent strength and stiffness properties, and thereBirch has also good resistance to humidity, it hard and durable.

Birch plywood is characterized by high strength and rigidity. ing different types of overlays.

The properties of the hard and durable.

Birch plywood is characterized by high strength and rigidity. cross-bonded 1.4very mm thick veneers.

The panels panels hard and durable.

Birch plywood is characterized by fore it performs well inbirch applications demanding is easy to machine and handle.

Birch plywood excellent strength and stiffness properties, and theresurfaces can beboth improved andtheir the surface surfaceand excellent strength and stiffness properties, thereare sanded on sides and ispattern smooth, excellent strength and stiffness properties, and therehigh strength andvery rigidity. surface characteristics can be further enhanced usfore it performs well in applications demanding Birch plywood has also good resistance to humidity, it altered, depending on the intended application.

The fore it performs very well in applications demanding Birch plywood has also good resistance to humidity, it hard and durable.

Birch plywood is characterized by fore it performs very well in applications demanding ing different types of overlays.

The properties of the high strength and rigidity. is easy to machine and handle.

Birch plywood panels coating technology used in Metsä’s mills represents high strength and rigidity. is easy to machine and handle.

Birch plywood panels excellent strength and stiffness properties, and therehigh strength and rigidity.

Birch plywood has also good resistance to humidity, it surfaces can be in improved and thewith surface pattern surface characteristics can be further enhanced usthe highest quality the field.

Panels phenol film surface characteristics can be further enhanced usfore it performs very well in applications demanding is easy to machine and handle.

Birch plywood panels altered, depending onoverlays. the intended application.

The Birch plywood has also good resistance to humidity, it different types of The properties of oring thermoplastic overlay combined strong Birch Birch plywood has also good resistance to humidity, it ing different types ofused overlays.

Thewith properties of the the high strength and rigidity.

Birch plywood has also good resistance to humidity, it surface characteristics can be further enhanced uscoating technology in Metsä’s mills represents is easy to machine and handle.

Birch plywood panels surfaces can be improved and the surface pattern plywood core is a good choice for demanding end-usis easy to machine and handle.

Birch plywood panels surfaces can be improved and the surface pattern is easy to machine and handle.

Birch plywood panels ing different types of overlays.

The properties of the the highest quality inon thecan field.

Panels with phenol film surface characteristics be further enhanced usaltered, depending intended application.

The es. surface characteristics can be further enhanced usaltered, depending on the the intended application.

The Birch plywood hasoverlay also good resistance tostrong humidity, it surface characteristics can be further enhanced ussurfaces can types be improved and thewith surface pattern or thermoplastic combined Birch ing different of overlays.

The properties of the coating technology used in Metsä’s mills represents ing different types of overlays.

The properties of the coating technology used in Metsä’s mills represents is easy to machine and handle.

Birch plywood panels ing different types of overlays.

The properties of the altered, depending on the intended application.

The plywood core is a good choice forthe demanding end-ussurfaces can be improved and surface pattern the highest quality in the field.

Panels with phenol film surfaces can be and the surface pattern the highest quality inused thecan field.

Panels phenol film surface characteristics be further enhanced ussurfaces can be improved improved and the with surface pattern coating technology inintended Metsä’s mills represents es. altered, depending on the application.

The or thermoplastic overlay combined with strong Birch altered, depending on the intended application.

The or overlay combined strong ingthermoplastic different types of overlays.

The with properties ofBirch the altered, depending on the intended application.

The the highest quality in the field.

Panels with phenol film coating technology used in Metsä’s mills represents plywood core is a good choice for demanding end-uscoating technology used in Metsä’s mills represents plywood core good choice forthe demanding end-ussurfaces can is bea overlay improved surface pattern coating technology used in and Metsä’s mills represents or thermoplastic combined with strong Birch the highest quality in the field.

Panels with phenol film es.

Roof felt: depending the highest quality in the field.

Panels with film es. altered, the intended application.

The the highest quality inon the field.

Panels with phenol phenol film plywood core is a good choice for demanding end-usor thermoplastic overlay combined with strong Birch or thermoplastic overlay combined with strong Birch coating technology used combined in Metsä’swith millsstrong represents or thermoplastic overlay Birch es. plywood core is a good choice for demanding end-usIKO Waterproofing Shed Felt plywood core is for end-usthe highest quality in thechoice field. Panels with phenol film plywood core is a a good good choice for demanding demanding end-usRoof felt: es.

Features: Robust waterproofing membrane is expectes. or thermoplastic overlay combined with strong Birch es. ed to last up to is5 ayears. plywood core good choice for demanding end-usIKO Waterproofing Roof felt: Dimensions: 8 x 1m Shed Felt Roof felt: es.

Features: Robust waterproofing membrane is expectColour: Black Roof felt: ed to last up to 5 years.

IKO Waterproofing Shed Felt Material: Base material coated IKO Waterproofing Shed Felt in oxidised or polymer Dimensions: 8 x 1m Roof felt: Features: Robust waterproofing membrane expectmodified bitumen mixed with fillers and then is Roof felt: Features: Robust waterproofing membrane iscovered expectRoof felt: IKO Waterproofing Shed Felt Colour: Black ed to last up to 5 years. ined sand. to last up to 5 years.

Features: Robust waterproofing membrane is expectMaterial: Base material coated in oxidised or polymer IKO Waterproofing Shed Felt Dimensions: 8 x 1m IKO Waterproofing Shed Felt Dimensions: 8 x 1m Roof felt: IKO Waterproofing Shed Felt ed to last up to 5 years. modified bitumen mixed with fillers and then Features: Robust waterproofing membrane is covered expectColour: Black Features: Robust waterproofing Colour: Black Features: Robust waterproofing membrane membrane is is expectexpectDimensions: 8tox 51m in sand.

Timber columns: ed to last up years.

Material: Base material coated in oxidised or polymer ed last up 5 Material: Base IKOto Shedcoated Felt in oxidised or polymer ed toWaterproofing last up to tomaterial 5 years. years.

Colour: Black Dimensions: 8 x 1m modified bitumen mixed with and covered Dimensions: 8 x 1m modified Base bitumen mixedcoated with fillers fillers and then then covered Features: Robust waterproofing expectDimensions: 8 from xmaterial 1m Material: inmembrane oxidised oris polymer Columns made pine.

Just like in Japanese joinery Colour: Black in sand.

Colour: Black in sand. ed to last up to 5 years.

Timber columns: Colour: Black modified bitumen mixed with fillers and then covered aMaterial: soft wood is preferable when in making difficult cuts Base material coated oxidised or polymer Material: Base coated Dimensions: 8 xmaterial 1m Material: Base material coated in in oxidised oxidised or or polymer polymer in sand. and joints. modified bitumen mixed with fillers and then covered modified bitumen mixed then Colour: Black Columns made from pine.with Justfillers like inand Japanese joinery modified bitumen mixed with fillers and then covered covered Timber columns: in sand.

Timber columns: in sand.

Material: Base coated oxidiseddifficult or polymer a soft is material preferable wheninmaking cuts in sand.wood Timber columns: modified bitumen mixed with fillers and then covered and joints.

Columns made Columns made from from pine. pine. Just Just like like in in Japanese Japanese joinery joinery in sand.wood Timber columns: a soft is preferable when making difficult cuts Timber columns: a soft wood is preferable when making difficult cuts Timber columns: Columns made from pine. Just like in Japanese joinery and joints.

Insulation roof: and joints. a soft wood is preferable when making difficult cuts Columns made from pine.

Just like in Japanese joinery Columns made Timber columns: Columns made from from pine. pine. Just Just like like in in Japanese Japanese joinery joinery and joints. a soft wood is preferable when making difficult cuts a soft is when making difficult Insulation board with enhanced a soft wood wood is preferable preferable whenthermal makingperformance difficult cuts cuts Insulation roof: and joints. joints. asand well as made an A+from rating when to thejoinery BRE Columns pine.

Justcompared like in Japanese and joints.

Green a softGuide, wood is preferable when thermal making performance difficult cuts Insulation with enhanced Insulation roof: Class 0 fire board performance and super low emissivity valand joints.

Insulation roof: as well as an A+ rating when compared to the BRE ues.

Insulation roof: Green Guide, Insulation board with thermal performance Insulation board with enhanced enhanced thermal performance Class 0 fire performance and super low emissivity valInsulation roof: as well as an A+ rating when compared to Insulation roof: as well as an A+ rating when compared to the the BRE BRE Insulation roof: Insulation board with enhanced thermal performance ues.

Green Guide, Green as wellGuide, as board an A+with rating when compared to the BRE Insulation enhanced thermal performance Class 0 fire performance and low valInsulation with thermal performance Class 0Guide, fireboard performance and super super low emissivity emissivity valInsulation roof: Insulation board with enhanced enhanced thermal performance Green as well as an A+ rating when compared to the BRE ues.

Insulation walls and floor: as well as an A+ rating when compared to the BRE ues. as well as an A+ rating when compared to the BRE Class fire performance and super low emissivity valGreen0Guide, Guide, Green Insulation board with enhanced thermal performance Green Guide, ues.

Class 0 0 fire fire performance and super low low emissivity valInsulation Sips panel style,and although we emissivity doto not need Class performance super valas well as an A+ rating when compared the BRE Class 0 fire performance and super low emissivity valInsulation walls and floor: ues. our panel to be structural since the structure already is ues.

Green Guide, ues. strong enough to deal with both dead and live loads.

Class 0 fireSips performance and super low emissivity valInsulation panel style, although not need Insulation walls and floor: Instead of OSB (Oriented Strand Board)we thedo panels are Insulation walls and floor: ues. our panel to beplywood. structural since the structure already is dressed in birch Insulation wallstoand floor: strong enough deal with although both deadwe and live loads.

Insulation Sips panel do not Insulation Sips (Oriented panel style, style, although wethe dopanels not need need Instead of OSB Strand Board) are Insulation walls and floor: floor:since our panel to be structural the structure already is Insulation walls and our panel to be structural since the structure already is Insulation walls and floor: Insulation Sips panel style, although we do not need dressed in birch plywood. strong enough to deal with both dead and live loads. strong enough to deal with both dead and live loads. our panel to be panel structural since the structure already is Insulation Sips style, although wethe dopanels not need need Instead of (Oriented Strand Board) are Insulation Sips panel style, although we do not Instead of OSB OSB (Oriented Strand Board) the are Insulation wallsto and floor: Insulation Sips panel style, although we dopanels notloads. need strong enough deal with both dead and live our panel be structural dressed into birch plywood. since the structure already is

There are several advantageous properties in Birch panel products making them the quality solution for certain projects: are several advantageous properties in Birch panel products making them the quality solution for cer- There Favourable weight to strength ratio tain projects: - High durability are several advantageous properties in products making - There Easy to machine and fix using standard machining and fastening There are several advantageous properties in Birch Birch panel panel productsmethods making them them the the quality quality solution solution for for cercerFavourable weight tohandle strength ratio projects: - -tain Lightweight – Easy to tain projects: There are several advantageous properties in Birch panel products making them the quality solution for cerHighvariety durability - -Wide of different overlays and sizes available tain projects: Easy to machine and fix using and fastening methods are several advantageous properties in Birch panel panel products making them the the quality quality solution solution for cer-There Favourable weight to strength ratio - -There Anti-Slip properties forstandard flooring machining applications with optionalmaking wire-mesh patterns are advantageous properties in products them for -Improved Favourable weight to strength ratio There are several several advantageous properties in Birch Birch panel products making themand theraised qualitysurface solution for cercerLightweight – Easy to handle projects: -tain High durability - tain Availability of tailor-made cut-to-size and machining services projects: High durability tain projects: --- Wide Favourable weight to strength ratio variety of different overlays and sizes available Easy to machine and fix standard machining and fastening methods - -There High technical service Easyquality to machine and fix using using for standard machining andwith fastening methods are several advantageous properties in Birch panel products making them the solutionpatterns for cer--- Improved High durability Anti-Slip properties flooring applications optional wire-mesh andquality raised surface Favourable weight to strength ratio Lightweight – Easy to handle - --tain XL and King-size for larger components Favourable weight to strength ratio Lightweight – Easy to handle projects: Favourable weight to strength ratio Easy to machine and fix using standard machining and fastening methods --- Availability ofoftailor-made cut-to-size and machining services High durability Wide variety different overlays Widedurability variety–technical ofEasy different overlays and and sizes sizes available available -- High High durability Lightweight to handle High quality service Easy to machine machine and fix using using for standard machining andwith fastening methods Improved Anti-Slip properties flooring applications optional wire-mesh --- Easy to and fix standard machining and fastening methods Improved Anti-Slip properties for flooring applications optional wire-mesh and and raised raised surface surface patterns patterns Favourable weight to strength ratio Easy to machine and fix using standard machining andwith fastening methods Wide variety of different overlays and sizes available --- XL and King-size forto larger components Lightweight – Easy to handle Availability of tailor-made cut-to-size and machining services Lightweight – Easy handle Availability of tailor-made cut-to-size andapplications machining services High durability - Lightweight – Easy to handle Improved Anti-Slip properties for flooring with optional wire-mesh and raised surface patterns Wide varietytechnical of different different overlays and and sizes sizes available available High quality service --- Wide variety of overlays High to quality technical service Easy machine and fix using standard machining and fastening methods Wide variety oftailor-made different overlays and and sizes available Availability of cut-to-size machining services Improved Anti-Slip properties for flooring applications applications with optional optional wire-mesh and and raised surface surface patterns XL King-size for larger components --- Improved Anti-Slip for XL and and King-size forproperties components Lightweight – Easy tolarger handle Improved Anti-Slip properties for flooring flooring applications with with optional wire-mesh wire-mesh and raised raised surface patterns patterns High quality service Availability oftechnical tailor-made cut-to-size and and machining machining services services --- Availability of tailor-made cut-to-size Wide variety different overlays and and sizesmachining available services Availability ofoftailor-made cut-to-size XL and King-size for larger components High quality quality technical technical service service --- High Improved Anti-Slip properties High quality technical service for flooring applications with optional wire-mesh and raised surface patterns - XL XL and and King-size King-size for for larger larger components components Effects andKing-size finish: Fine finish.

Availability of tailor-made cut-to-size and machining services - XL and for black largermineral components Length: 8m - High quality technical service Coverage: 8 sqm - XL and King-size for larger components Effectsinformation: and finish: Fine mineral finish.when Safety Wearblack protective gloves Length: 8m handling to protect from bitumen contamination Coverage: 8 sqm Fine black mineral finish.

Effects and Effects information: and finish: finish: Fine black mineralgloves finish. when Safety Wear protective Length: 8m Length: 8m Effects and finish: Fine black mineral finish. handling to8protect from bitumen contamination Coverage: Coverage: 8 sqm sqm Length: 8m Effects and finish: finish: Fine Fine black mineralgloves finish. when Safety Wear protective Effects and black mineral finish.

Safety information: information: Wear protective gloves when Effects and black mineral finish.

Coverage: 8finish: sqm Fine Length: 8m handling to protect from bitumen contamination Length: 8m handling to protect Wear from bitumen contamination Length: 8m Safety information: protective gloves when Coverage: 8 8 sqm sqm Coverage: Effects and black mineral finish.

Coverage: 8finish: sqm Fine handling to protect from bitumen contamination Safety information: information: Wear Wear protective protective gloves gloves when when Safety Length:information: 8m Safety Wear protective gloves when handling to to protect protect from from bitumen bitumen contamination contamination handling Coverage:to8protect sqm from bitumen contamination handling Safety information: Wear protective gloves when handling to protect from bitumen contamination

3.0_Final Design 3.5_Inhabitation Spatial Experience

46

months, package we believe that the building would need to standard as we believe the aesthetic merits are smallof yet very effective. dowere not come with the structure the building.

As They weif have a flat roof, wind undergo small optimizations it to be erected outweigh these practical solutions but for aroof longismerits term standard package as believe the aesthetic incidents more Currently our only WIND for longer, lets frequently. say a we year orbelieve two.

The optimizations more permanent solution, we that these optioutweigh these practical solutions but for a long held down by felt (nails).

However, this may not be a are smallare yet necessary. very effective. They do not come withterm the mizations WIND more permanent solution, we believe that these optilong term solution and therefore we propose the use standard package as we believe the aesthetic merits mizations are necessary. of cable ties or rigid elements, tying the overhanging outweigh these optimization practical solutions butregards for a long term The first isroof with the 3.6_Adaptability 3.6_Adaptability beams tomajor the columns.

As the structure istointerWIND more permanent solution, we believe that these optistructure of the building.

As we have a flat roof, wind The first optimization is one withpiece regards the locked andmajor interconnected, tying has ato radiStructural Structural Optimizations Optimizations mizations are necessary. incidents more frequently.

Currently our roofroof, is only ofits the building. As we have a flat wind alstructure effect on connecting pieces, essentially, tying all held down by felt (nails).

However, this may not beonly a incidents more frequently.

Currently our roof is pieces down.

Although we envisage that our design isregards sound enough Although we envisage that our design is sound enough The first major optimization is with touse the long term solution and therefore we propose the held by felt (nails).

However, this may not be a to bedown to erected be erected as a temporary as aAs temporary building building forroof, upfor to up 3 to 3 structure of the building. we have a flat wind oflong cable tiessolution or rigid and elements, tying the overhanging term therefore we propose the use months, months, we believe we believe that the that building the building would would need need to to incidents more frequently.

Currently our roof is only beams to ties the columns.

As the roof structure is interof cable or3.0_Final rigid elements, overhanging undergo undergo small small optimizations optimizations if tying it were if the it may to were benot to erected be erected Design held down by felt (nails).

However, this be a locked and interconnected, tying one piece has a radibeams the Asa the roof structure interfor longer, fortolonger, letscolumns. say lets a say year or year two. or two. optimizations The is optimizations term solution and therefore weThe propose the use 3.6_Adaptability allong effect on its connecting pieces, essentially, tying all locked and interconnected, tying one piece has a radiarecable small areties yet small very yet effective. very effective.

They do They not do come not come with the with the of or rigid elements, tying the overhanging Structural Optimizations pieces down. al effect its columns. connecting pieces, essentially, tying allmerits standard standard package package as weAs as believe we roof believe the aesthetic the aesthetic merits beams toon the the structure is interAlthough we envisage that our design is sound enough pieces down. outweigh outweigh these these practical practical solutions solutions but forbut afor long for aterm long term locked and interconnected, one piece has to be erected as atying temporary building up a toradi3 WIND WIND we believe that the building would need to all optimore more permanent solution, solution, we believe weessentially, believe that these that these optial effect on permanent itsmonths, connecting pieces, tying undergo small optimizations if it were to be erected mizations mizations are necessary. are necessary. pieces down. for longer, lets say a year or two. The optimizations are small yet very effective. They do not come with the WIND package as we believe the aesthetic merits The first The major firststandard major optimization optimization is with is regards with regards to the to the outweigh these practical solutions but for a long term WIND structure structure of the of building. the building.

As weAs have ahave flat aroof, flat wind roof, wind more permanent solution, we we believe that these optiare necessary. incidents incidents moremizations more frequently. frequently.

Currently Currently our roof our isroof onlyis only held down held down

by The feltby (nails). felt However, However, this not may benot a be a first major(nails). optimization isthis with may regards to the structure of thetherefore building.

As we a flatpropose roof,the winduse long term long solution term solution and and therefore wehave propose we the use incidents more frequently. Currently our roof is only WIND of cable of cable ties orheld ties rigid or elements, rigid elements, tying tying overhanging the down by felt (nails).

However,the this may not overhanging be a long term solution and therefore we propose the use beamsbeams to thetocolumns. the columns.

As theAsroof thestructure roof structure is interis interWIND of cable ties or rigid elements, tying the overhanging lockedlocked and interconnected, and interconnected, tying one tying piece one piece has a has radi-a radibeams to the columns.

As the roof structure is interand interconnected, tying one piece hastying a radi- all al effect on its connecting essentially, tying all al effect on itslocked connecting pieces,pieces, essentially, WIND al effect on its connecting pieces, essentially, tying all piecespieces down.down. pieces down.

3.0_Final 3.0_Final Design Design

Axonometric drawing to show the connection between the column and roofing components

roofing components Axonometric drawing to show the connection between the column and roofing components Axonometric drawing to show the connection between the column and roofing components

WIND For the first three or so months the roof will be perfectly of withstanding strength For thecapable first three or so months moderate the roof will be perwind fectly capable of withstanding moderate strength

For the first three or so months the roof will bewind perfectly capable of withstanding moderate strength wind WIND WIND WIND WIND

For the For first thethree first or three so months or so months the roof thewill roof bewill perbe perfectly fectly capable capable of withstanding of withstanding moderate moderate strength strength WIND wind wind For the first three or so months the roof will be perfectly capable of withstanding moderate strength But, stronger uplift forces would weaken the roof WIND so to wind make it permanent additional structure is needed WIND

But, stronger uplift forces would weaken the roof so to it permanent additional structure needed But,make stronger uplift forces would weaken theisroof so to

make it permanent additional structure is needed

But, stronger uplift forces would weaken the roof so to makeWIND it permanent additional structure is needed

WIND

Axonometric drawing to show the connection between the to column Axonometric drawing showand the roofing components connection between the column and

WIND For the first three or so months the roof will be perWIND fectly capable of withstanding moderate strength wind

WIND WIND WIND

WIND WIND WIND But, stronger uplift forces would weaken the roof so to make it permanent additional structure is needed

WIND WIND

Section showing how the truss could work

WIND WIND

WIND or trusses bewould attached the colBut,Cable stronger But,ties stronger uplift forces upliftcould forces would weaken weaken thetoroof theso roof to so to WIND umns roof beams anchoring the structure tomakeand make it permanent it permanent additional additional structure is needed is needed gether WIND WIND

Axonometric Axonometric drawing drawing to show to show the the connection connection between between thetruss column the column and and Section showing how the could roofing roofing components components work Section showing how the truss could Section showing how the truss could work

Cable ties or trusses could be attached to the columns beamscould anchoring the structure Cableand tiesroof or trusses be attached to the tocolgether umns and roof beams anchoring the structure to-

Cable ties or trusses could be attached to the columns and roof beams anchoring the structure toCablegether ties

gether or trusses could be attached to the columns and roof beams anchoring the structure together

work

Section showing how the truss could work WIND WIND

WIND WIND

Section showing how the cable tie could work 46

Section showing how the cable tie could work 46 Section Section showing showing how the how truss thecould truss could

50

Section showing how the cable tie work work could work Section showing how the cable tie

CableCable ties orties trusses or trusses could could be attached be attached to theto colthe columns umns and roof andbeams roof beams anchoring anchoring the structure the structure to- togethergether

Sweden, the building currently as is, would not be suit3.0_Final Design able as there is not enough insulation nor is there any

heat retaining qualities of the material being used.

3.6_Adaptability 3.0_Final Design Weatherproofing The second optimization allows users to apply a coat of pine-tar to the exterior facades of the building. The 3.6_Adaptability The second optimization concerns weatherproofing tar not only stops moisture from settling on the surface 3.0_Final Design Weatherproofing the building.

If hypothetically the building was but retreat also doubles up by having heat retaining qualities.

to be3.6_Adaptability situated in a Northern European Climate such The second optimization weatherproofing Sweden, the building currentlyconcerns as is, would not be suitWeatherproofing the retreat building.

If hypothetically the was able as there is not enough insulation nor is building there any to be situated in a Northern European Climate such The secondqualities optimization concerns weatherproofing heat retaining of the material being used.

Sweden, thebuilding. buildingIf currently as is, not be suitthe retreat hypothetically thewould building was to as be situated in a Northern European Climate such able there is not enough insulation nor is there The second optimization allows users to apply a coatany Sweden, the building currently asmaterial is, would not be suitheat retaining of the being used. of pine-tar to the qualities exterior facades of the building.

The able as there is not enough insulation nor is there any

tar not only stops moisture settling on the surface heat retaining qualities offrom the material being used. optimization allows to apply a coat butThe alsosecond doubles up by having heat users retaining qualities. of The pine-tar tooptimization the exterior facades the building. second allows users of to apply a coat The pine-tar to the exterior facades the building.

The tarofnot only stops moisture fromof settling on the surface not doubles only stops up moisture from settling on the surface buttar also by having heat retaining qualities. but also doubles up by having heat retaining qualities.

The Morran House by Johannes Norlander used black pine tar treatment to great effect, as do the old fishing sheds in Hastings - good precedents for our coastal enviroment.

The Morran House by Johannes Norlander used black pine tar treatment to great effect, as do the old fishing sheds in Hastings - good precedents for our coastal enviroment.

The Morran House by Johannes Norlander used black pine tar treatment to great effect, as do the old fishing sheds in Hastings - good precedents for our coastal enviroment.

The Morran House by Johannes Norlander used black pine tar treatment to great effect, as do the old fishing sheds in Hastings - good precedents for our coastal The Morran House by Johannes Norlander used black enviroment. pine tar treatment to great effect, as do the old fishing sheds in Hastings - good precedents for our coastal enviroment. _ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12 _THE LIPARI RETREAT

51

To protect the structure from the elements and allow the building to be a more permanent intervention on site black pine tar can be purchased and applied to the external facade of the outward facing wall panels via a simple wood brush. 100% natural it has a good penetration of planed would and provides protection from harmful UV rays which, in Lipari would damage the envelope over time, and also has good water resiistance properties, having been used to treat the underside of boats throughout history.

To protect the structure from the elements and allow the building to be a more permanent intervention on site black pine tar can be purchased and applied to the external facade of the outward facing wall panels via a simple wood brush. 100% natural it has a good penetration of planed would and provides protection from harmful UV rays which, in Lipari would damage the envelope over time, and also has good water resiistance properties, having been used to treat the unTo protect the structure fromhistory. the elements and allow derside of boats throughout To protect the structure from the and permanent allow the building to elements be a more intervention on the building to be a more permanent intervention on site black pine tar can be purchased and applied to site black pine tar can be purchased and applied to To protectfacade the structure from thefacing elements allow the external of the outward walland panels the external facade of the outward facing wall panels building to be more permanent viathe a simple brush. natural itintervention has a good on via a simple wood brush.

100%wood natural it ahas a100% good sitewould blackand pine tar can be and purchased and applied to penetration of planed provides protection penetration of planed would provides protection from harmful UV rays which, in Lipari would theharmful external facade ofdamage the outward panels from UV rays which, in Lipari facing would wall damage the envelope over time, also has goodbrush. water resivia aand simple wood 100% natural it has a good the envelope over time, and also has good water resiistance properties, penetration having been used to treat the un- and provides protection of planed would istance properties, having been used to treat the underside of boats throughout history. from of harmful UV rayswith which, would damage Having been treated the in tarLipari the building will sigderside boats throughout history. the envelope over time, and also has good water resinificantly more durable in the coastal climate where istance properties, having beeninused tobrown treat the unit is based.

The tar also comes red or colours derside ofthe boats meaning userthroughout has more history. control over the aesthetic of the finished building - although we recomend a black tar finish as it looks pretty awsome.

Having been treated with the tar the building will significantly more durable in the coastal climate where it is based. The tar also comes in red or brown colours meaning the user has more control over the aesthetic of the finished building - although we recomend a Having been treated tar the sig- awsome. blackwith tarthe finish as building it lookswill pretty nificantly more durable in the coastal climate where it is based. The tar also comes in red or brown colours meaning the user has more control over the aesthetic of the finished building - although we recomend a Having black tar finish as it looksbeen prettytreated awsome. with the tar the building will sig-

nificantly more durable in the coastal climate where it is based. The tar also comes in red or brown colours Havingthe been treated with control the tar the will sigmeaning user has more overbuilding the aesthetnificantly more durable in the coastal climate where ic of the finished building - although we recomend a 47 it is based.

The tar also comes in red or brown colours black tar finish as it looks pretty awsome. meaning the user has more control over the aesthetic of the finished building - although we recomend a black tar finish as it looks pretty awsome.

4.0_CONSTRUCTION METHOD

through the specific provided material create the necestant demountable building.

As most of orderfor to our create a perfect frame and work. ting machine.

You the with codes Techniques and Process sary shape to in perfect accuracy, which is very importhe elements ourprovide building aremachine slotting together in that instruct thea perfect machine on how to move and cut tant for our specific demountable building.

As most of order to create frame work.

In order to program the machine it will require CAM CNC machine essentially a are controlled carving/cutthe objects placed onbuilding its bed.

The machine can cut the elements inisapplies our slotting together in software and it to both information in 3D and ting machine.

You provide theand machine with codes through the provided material create the necesorder to create a perfect frame work.

In order to program the machine it will require CAM 2D Eventually whenondata is to given to the mathatmodels. instruct machine how move and cut sary shape to the which is very imporsoftware and itperfect appliesaccuracy, tomaterials, both information inon 3D and chine with the necessary it will go autothe objects placed on its bed.

The machine can cut 4.1_CNC Manufacture tant for our specific demountable building.

As most of In order to program machine ittogiven will require 2D models.

Eventually when data is toparts. theCAM mamatic mode and startthe the program make through the provided material and create the necesthe elements in our building are slotting together in software applies tomaterials, both information 3Dautoand chine withand theitnecessary it will goinon Techniques and Process sary shape to perfect accuracy, which is very impororder to create a perfect frame work.

2D models.

Eventually when dataand istogiven toparts. the matic modefor and start the program make Essentially, the weight, scale intricacy ofmathe tant for ourthe specific demountable building.

Ason most of chine with necessary materials, it will go autoCNC machine is essentially a feel controlled carving/cutcomponents in our design, we that the CNC meththe elements in our building are slotting together in In order to program the machine it will require CAM matic mode and start the program to make parts.

Essentially, for the weight, scale and intricacy of the ting You provide the machine with codes od ismachine. the most ideal. order to create a perfect frame work. software and it applies to both information in 3D and components our design, we CNC meththat instruct in the machine on feel howthat to the move and cut 2D Eventually data is machine given to the Essentially, for ideal. the weight, scale and intricacy ofmathe od models. is the most the objects placed on when its bed.

The can cut In order tothe program the materials, machine ititwill CAM chine with will go onnecesautocomponents innecessary our design, we feel therequire CNC meththrough the provided material andthat create the 1) Model is designed in 3D software and all parts are software and itideal. applies toprogram both information in 3D and matic mode and start to make parts. od isshape the most sary to perfect accuracy, is very imporcomponentised.

Thesethe means towhich categorically create 2D models. Eventually when data is given to the ma1) Model is specific designed in 3Dbe software and allAsparts tant for our demountable building. mostare of 2D information which can fed to the CNC machine. chine with the necessary materials, it will go on autoEssentially, forinthe weight, scale intricacy of the componentised.

These means to and categorically create the elements our building are slotting together in matic mode in and start the program to make parts. components our design, we feel that the CNC meth1) is designed in 3D software and all parts are 2DModel information can be fed to the CNC machine. order to create awhich perfect frame work. od is the most ideal. componentised.

These means to categorically create Essentially, for the weight, scale and intricacy of the 2D information whichthe canmachine be fed toitthe machine.

In order to program willCNC require CAM components in our design, we feel that the CNC methsoftware and it applies to both information in 3D and od is the most ideal.

1) is designed 3D software and alltoparts are 2DModel models.

Eventuallyinwhen data is given the macomponentised.

These means to categorically create chine with the necessary materials, it will go on auto2D information be fed to to themake CNCparts. machine. matic mode andwhich start can the program 1) Model is designed in 3D software and all parts are componentised. These means to categorically create Essentially, for the weight, scale and of the 2D information which can be fed to theintricacy CNC machine. components in our design, we feel that the CNC method is the most ideal.

4.0_Construction Method

1) Model is designed in 3D software and all parts are componentised. These means to categorically create 2D information which can be fed to the CNC machine.

Creating the Master File/s Creating the Master File/s 2) The timber would need to be sourced as sheet materials. The CNC would need to be in a warehouse 2) The timber would need to be sourced masetting, with adequate amounts of spaceas tosheet deal with terials.

The CNC would need to be in a warehouse both the stock-piling and packaging of parts. In Lipari 2) The timber wouldcould need to sourced be sourced as masetting, with adequate amounts of space tosheet deal with this could material be in nearby Messiterials.

The CNC would need to be in a warehouse both the stock-piling and packaging of parts.

In Lipari na from any timber merchant who holds the necessary setting, with adequate amounts of space to deal with this could material could be sourced in nearby Messispecies. both theany stock-piling and packaging of parts.

In Lipari na from timber merchant who holds the necessary could material sourced in nearby Messispecies.

2)this The timber wouldcould need be to be sourced as sheet mana from any timber merchant who holds the necessary terials. The CNC would need to be in a warehouse species.with adequate amounts of space to deal with setting, 2) The timber would need to be sourced as sheet maboth theThe stock-piling and need packaging In Lipari terials.

CNC would to beofinparts. a warehouse this could material could be sourced in nearby Messisetting, with adequate amounts of space to deal with na from any timber merchant who holds the necessary both the stock-piling and packaging of parts. In Lipari species. this could material could be sourced in nearby Messina from any timber merchant who holds the necessary species.

2) The timber would need to be sourced as sheet materials. The CNC would need to be in a warehouse setting, with adequate amounts of space to deal with both the stock-piling and packaging of parts. In Lipari this could material could be sourced in nearby Messina from any timber merchant who holds the necessary species.

53

Creating the Master File/s

Creating the Master File/s Creating the Master File/s

Creating the Master File/s

49

Typical CNC machine cutting sheet material

49

Typical CNC machine cutting sheet material

be specification. packaged.

This could be cardboard such as the packbe specification.

3) The Materials wouldneed thentoneed to be and boxed and 3) The Materials would then be boxed aging of IKEA furniture. The boxes can be ordered to packaged. could be cardboard as packaged.

This could be cardboard suchthen assuch the pack3)This The Materials would need tothe be packboxed and be specification. packaged.

This could be cardboard such as the aging of IKEA furniture.

The boxes can be ordered topackaging of3) IKEA furniture.

The boxes can be ordered to 3) The Materials wouldneed then to need be boxed and The Materials would then be to boxed and aging of IKEA furniture.

The boxes can be ordered to be specification. packaged.

This could be cardboard such as the be specification. packaged. This could be cardboard such as the pack-packbe specification. aging of IKEA furniture.

The boxes can be ordered aging of IKEA furniture. The boxes can be ordered to to be specification. be specification.

All Materials Boxed and Packaged 4) Once all the materials are packaged, they can with relative easy, be manually loaded on to a delivery truck.

4) Once all the materials are packaged, they can with 4) Oncerelative all the materials packaged, theyon cantowith easy, be are manually loaded a delivery relative truck. easy, be manually loaded on to a delivery 4) Once all the materials arethe packaged, theypackaged, can withthey can with truck.

4) Once all materials are relative easy, be relative manually loaded on to a delivery easy, be manually loaded oncan to awith delivery Once all materials are packaged, they can with all4)the materials are packaged, they 4) Once4)allOnce the materials arethe packaged, they can with truck. truck. relative be manually to a delivery easy, be easy, manually loaded to on a delivery relative relative easy, be manually loaded on to loaded aondelivery truck. truck. truck.

4) Once all the materials are packaged, they can with relative easy, be manually loaded on to a delivery truck.

All Materials Boxed and Packaged All Materials Boxed and Packaged All Materials Boxed and Packaged

All Materials Boxed and Packaged

All Materials Boxed and Packaged All Materials Boxed and Packaged All Materials Boxed and Packaged All Materials Boxed and Packaged

Loading all material on to a truck and take it to site 5) The boxes can be offloaded manually and walked to a specific location.

5) The boxes can be offloaded manually and walked to 5) The boxes can be offloaded manually and walked to a specific location.

5) The boxes can be offloaded manually and walked to a specific location. a specific location.

5) The boxes can be offloaded manually 5) The boxes can be offloaded manually and walked toand walked to a specific location. a specific location.

5) The boxes be offloaded manually and walked to 5) Thecan boxes can be offloaded manually and walked to a specific location. a specific location.

5) The boxes can be offloaded manually and walked to a specific location.

Loading all material on to a truck and take it to site Loading all material on to a truck and take it to site Loading all material on to a truck and take it to site

Loading all material onatotruck a truck and take site Loading all material on to and take it ittotosite

all material to a truck and take LoadingLoading all material on to a on truck and take it to siteit to site Loading all material on to a truck and take it to site

Manually carrying packages to specific location Manually carrying packages to specific location Manually carrying packages to specific location Manually carrying packages to specific location Manually carrying packages to specific location

6) Once all the boxes have been offloaded the user can refer to his/her building manual, follow the steps 6) Once all the boxes have been offloaded the user to begin to erect the building. Starting with the floor, 6) Once all the boxes havebuilding been the user canOnce refer to the his/her manual, follow the 6) all haveoffloaded been thesteps user then the columns and finally theboxes roof.

6) Once all refer the boxes have been offloaded theoffloaded user to erect the building.

Starting withsteps the steps floor, can his/her manual, follow the canbegin refer to tobuilding his/her building manual, follow can refer to his/her building manual, follow the steps then the the columns andbuilding. finally the roof. to begin to erect the Starting withfloor, the floor, begin to erect building.

Starting with the 6) begin Oncetoall the boxes have been offloaded the user to to erect the building.

Starting with the floor, then the columns and finally the roof. then columns andmanual, finally the roof.the steps can refer to the his/her building follow then the6)columns and the roof.

6) Once all the boxes have offloaded the userthe user Once all thefinally boxesbeen have been offloaded to begin to erect the building. Starting with the floor, can refer to refer his/her buildingbuilding manual,manual, follow the steps can to his/her follow the steps then the columns and finally the roof. to beginto to erect the building.

Starting with the floor, begin to erect the building.

Starting with 6) Once all the boxes have been offloaded the thefloor, user then thethen columns and finally the roof. the columns and finally the roof. can refer to his/her building manual, follow the steps to begin to erect the building. Starting with the floor, then the columns and finally the roof.

Manually carrying packages to specific location Manually Manually carryingcarrying packages to specific locationlocation packages to specific Manually carrying packages to specific location

Erect buildingon onsite site Erect building _ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12

_ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12 _ATA 2016-2017 _THE REPORT LIPARI RETREAT

Erect building on site

Erect building on site

4.0_Construction 4.0_ConstructionMethod Method 4.2_Transport 4.2_TransportProposal ProposaltotoSite Site Parts PartsOverview Overview After AfterCNC CNCcutting cuttingallallthe thecomponents, components,we wefocussed focussed ononpackaging packagingallallthe theindividual individualcomponents. components.We Weconconsidered sideredhow howthese thesecomponents componentsshould shouldbebegrouped grouped according accordingtototheir theirtype typeand andweight weight(see (seeQuantity QuantitySurSurvey vey- Chapter - Chapter5).5).AsAsthe theimages imagesononthe theright rightshow, show,the the packaging is is clearly marked with the component numpackaging clearly marked with the component number. ber.This Thisis istotoallow allowthe thebuilding buildingtotobebesmoothly smoothlyconconstructed structedwithout withoutthe themaker makerscrambling scramblingtotofind findparts. parts.

Boxes Boxesfor forthe thefloor floorcomponents, components,carry-able carry-ablebybytwo twopeople peopleand andeasily easilyloaded loadedinto intoa avehicle vehicle

Boxes Boxesfor forthe theroof roofcomponents, components,carry-able carry-ablebybytwo twopeople peopleand andeasily easilyloaded loadedinto intoa avehicle vehicle

Boxes Boxesfor forthe thewall wallcomponents, components,carry-able carry-ablebyby2 2people peopleand andeasily easilyloaded loadedinto intoa avehicle vehicle

55

As to explained before, allspecific the packaging can fit on tocarthe ry the goods to the location. proximity to the site, from where our two users can back of a truck and can be delivered to a close enough ry to the goods to the specific location. proximity to the site, from where our two users can carry to the goods to the specific location.

As explained before, all the packaging can fit on to the back of a truck and can be delivered to a close enough proximity to the site, from where our two users can carry to the goods to the specific location.

As explained before, all the packaging can fit on to the back of a truck and can be delivered to a close enough proximity to the site, from where our two users can carry to the goods to the specific location.

The maximum weight of a single box is 170KG and each can easily be carried a short distance on foot if the site isn’t directly accessible by ifroad The maximum weight of a single box is 170KG and each can easily be carried a short distance on foot the site isn’t directly accessible by road The maximum weight of a single box is 170KG and each can easily be carried a short distance on foot if the site isn’t distance directlyon accessible The maximum weight of a single box is 170KG and each can easily be carried a short foot if the by road site isn’t directly accessible by road

The maximum weight of a single box is 170KG and each can easily be carried a short distance on foot if the site isn’t directly accessible by road

Lorry route from main road Lorry route from main road Lorry route from main road

Lorry route from main road

Lorry drop off point Lorry drop off point Lorry drop off point

Lorry drop off point

100m route carry100m route carrying boxesing to boxes site to site 100m route carrying boxes to site 100m route carrying boxes to site

Construction site

100m route carrying boxes to site

Construction site Construction site Construction site

Lorry drop off point Lorry route from main road _ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12 _THE LIPARI RETREAT

Construction site

52

4.0_Construction Method

4.0_Construction Method

4.0_Construction Method

4.3_Construction Manual 4.3_Construction Manual SequenceSequence

4.3_Construction Manual Sequence

1) Place the column bases into a grid formation 1) Place the column bases into a grid formation

1) Place the column bases into a grid formation

2) Slot the primary flooring beams into the column bases

2) Slot the primary flooring beams into the column bases

4) Place bottom insulation components into the grid and add flashing

5) Slot the column components into the column bases

5) Slot the column components into the column bases

7) Once complete slot the primary beams in place and lock with the disks

8) Attach the top roofing boards and flashing the complete the roof structure

10) Insert the flexible wall components to create the living spaces that you desire

8) Attach the top roofing boards and flashing the complete the roof structure

53

5) Slot the column components into the column bases

6) One a floor and

6) One at a time construct the roofing sections on the floor and slot into columns

8) Attach the top roofing boards and flashing the complete the roof structure

9) Attach longevity

9) Attach felt/waterproofing membrane to ensure the longevity of the roof

10) Insert the flexible wall components to create the living spaces that you desire 57

3) Slot the secondary flooring beams into place

6) One at a time construct the roofing sections on the floor and slot into columns

7) Once complete slot the primary beams in place and lock with the disks 7) Once complete slot the primary beams in place and lock with the disks

3) Slot t

3) Slot the secondary flooring beams into place

4) Place bottom insulation components into the grid and add flashing 4) Place bottom insulation components into the grid and add flashing

2) Slot the primary flooring beams into the column bases

9) Attach felt/waterproofing membrane to ensure the longevity of the roof

4.0_Construction Method

4.0_Construction Method

4.3_Construction Manual 4.3_Construction Manual Components and Codes Floor Components and Codes - Floor

16 x Component F00A

16 x Component F00A

124 x Component F00D

124 x Component F00D

6 x Component F02A

6 x Component F02A

32 x Component F03B 48 x Component F04B

_ATA REPORT 2016-2017

20 x Component F00B

12 x Component F01A

12 x Component F01A

38 x Component F02B

38 x Component F02B

32 x Component F03B

58

20 x Component F00B

16 x Component F03C

16 x Component F03C

392 x Component F00C

392 x Component F00C

12 x Component F01B

12 x Component F01B

10 x Component F02C

10 x Component F02C

144 x Component F04A

144 x Component F04A

4.0_Construction Method 4.0_Construction Method 4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Preparation 4.0_Construction Method 4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Preparation

To4.3_Construction begin with, we suggest Manual laying out the column base pieces in a grid as described in the illustration on the ToFloor begin with, we suggest laying out the column base Building Preparation right. The grid pieces should be placed 2400mm cc to pieces in a grid as described in the illustration on the one Even this isn’t laying so accurately places, rest Toanother. begin with, weif suggest out the column right.

The grid pieces should be placed 2400mm ccbase to assured in building the floor, the components will act pieces in a Even grid as described the illustration the one another. if this isn’t so in accurately places,on rest asright. guides, constantly straightening and realigning the grid pieces be components placed 2400mm cc to assuredThe in building the should floor, the will act building to its correct shape. another.

Even if straightening this isn’t so accurately places,the rest asone guides, constantly and realigning assuredtoinitsbuilding floor, the components will act building correct the shape. as guides, constantly straightening and realigning the building to its correct shape.

CC mm 0 0 CC 24 mm 0 0 24 CC 204mm 0 00m 24 m 24 CC 00 mm CC 24 00 mm CC

1) Place the column bases into a grid formation at 2400mm centre to centre formation as describe above.

1) Place the column bases into a grid formation at 2400mm centre to centre formation as describe above.

1) Place the column bases into a grid formation at 2400mm centre to centre formation as describe above.

Tools to be used:

1.

Tools to be used: 1.

1. Hammer (needed mainly for knocking in nails for roof feltto be used: 1.

1. Tools Hammer (needed mainly for knocking in nails for roof felt 2. 1.Self-Supporting Ladder (Climb roof in to nails slot infor Hammer (needed mainly forabove knocking roof beam) felt 2. roof Self-Supporting Ladder (Climb above roof to slot in roof beam) 3. 2.

Adhesive (glueing insulation to bottom Self-Supporting Ladder (Climb aboveroof roofpanels to slot in beam)(glueing insulation to bottom roof panels 3. roof Adhesive All3.other joints and mechanism to beroof operated Adhesive (glueing insulation toare bottom panels without the use of tools.

All other joints and mechanism are to be operated without the use of tools.

All other joints and mechanism are to be operated without the use of tools.

59

2.

3.

2.

3.

2.

3.

Methodology 4.0_Construction Methodology4.0_Construction 4.3_Construction Manual

4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Manual - Step 01 Components used in this step:

Floor Building Manual - Step 01 Components used in this step: 1) F01A = 12 2) F00D = 32

1) F01A = 12 2) F00D = 32

F00D

F00D

F00D

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

60

_ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12

_ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12 _THE LIPARI RETREAT

56

4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Manual - Step 02

4.0_Construction Method

Components used in this step:

4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Manual - Step 02

2) F00D = 36

1) F01B = 12

Components used in this step: 1) F01B = 12 2) F00D = 36

F00D

F00D

F00D Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

57

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

61

2) F00C = 40 Components used in this step: 1) F02A = 6 4.0_Construction Method

F00CX4

2) F02C = 4

4.3_Construction Manual 2) F00C = 40 Floor Building Manual - Step 03 Components used in this step:

F00CX4

1) F02A = 6

F02A

F02C

2) F02C = 4 2) F00C = 40

F02A

F02C

F00CX4

F02C

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

62 _ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12

F02A

2) F02C = 6 2) F02C = 6 2) F00C = 36 2) F00C = 36 2) F00C = 36

F02B

4.0_Construction Method 4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Manual - Step 04

F02B F02C F02C

F02B

F02C

Components used in this step: 1) F02B = 6 2) F02C = 6 2) F00C = 36

F02B

F02C

Overview Isometric & Plan: Overview Isometric & Plan: Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

63

Components used in this step: F00D

4.0_Construction Method 1) F00A = 16

2) F00D = 56 4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Manual - Step 05 Components used in this step: 1) F00A = 16 2) F00D = 56

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

64 _ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12

F00D

2) F00C = 48

4.0_Construction Method 4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Manual - Step 06 Components used in this step: 1) F02B = 12 2) F03C = 16 2) F00C = 48

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

65

F00B = 20 1) 2) F03B = 30 F00B

4.0_Construction Method 2) F00C = 200

2) F00B = 20 4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Manual - Step 07

F03B

F00B

Components used in this step: 1) F03B = 30 F03B

2) F00C = 200 2) F00B = 20 F00B

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

66 _ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12

No floor components are used in this step.

Place column to internally lock [interlocking] 4.0_Construction Method joists.

floor

4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Manual - Step 08 No floor components are used in this step.

Place column to internally lock [interlocking] floor C03 joists.

C03

C03

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

67

4.0_Construction Method 4.3_Construction Manual Floor Building Manual - Step 09 Components used in this step: 1) F04A = 144 F04B

2) F04B = 48 F04A

F04B F04A

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

Overview Isometric & Plan: Area of illustration above is highlighted in plan.

68 _ATA REPORT 2016-2017

4.0_Construction Method Method 4.0_Construction 4.3_ConstructionManual Manual 4.3_Construction Componentsand andCodes Codes -- Roof Roof Components 34 x Component R01A

34 x Component R01A

34 x Component R01A 8 x Component R03A

8 x Component R03A

8 x Component R03A

7 x Component R05A

7 x Component R05A

6 x Component R08A 7 x Component R05A

6 x Component R08A

34 x Component R01B

34 x Component R01B

34 x Component R01B 16 x Component R03B

16 x Component R03B

16 x Component R03B

10 x Component R05B

10 x Component R05B

8 x Component 10 x Component R05B R08B

8 x Component R08B

12 x Component R02A

12 x Component R02A

12 x Component R02A 12 x Component R04A

12 x Component R04A

12 x Component R04A

48 x Component R06

48 x Component R06

x Component R09 48 x 48 Component R06

48 x Component R09

12 x Component R02B

12 x Component R02B

12 x Component R02B 12 x Component R04B

12 x Component R04B

12 x Component R04B

48 x Component R07

48 x Component R07

12 x 48 Component C01 R07 x Component

12 x Component C01 12 x Component C02

6 x Component R08A

8 x Component R08B

48 x Component R09

12 x Component C01

12 x Component C02

12 x Component C02 69

12 x Component C03

Exploded Axo - Roof Key Diagram

4.0_Construction Method 4.3_Construction Manual Exploded Axo - Roof Key Diagram

R01A & B R02A

R01A & B

R02B

R02A

R03A

R02B

R03B R04A R01A & B

R03A R03B R04A

R04B R04B

R02A R05A

R05A

R02B R05B

R05B

R03A R06

R06

R03B R07

R07

R04A R08A

R08A

R08B

R08B

R09

R09

R04B R05A R05B

Felt/Waterproofing Layer

Felt/Waterproofing Layer

70 R06

_ATA REPORT 2016-2017

4.3_Construction Manual Roof Construction Sequence

4.0_Construction Method

4.0_Construction 4.3_Construction ManualMethod Roof Construction Sequence 4.3_Construction Manual Roof Construction Sequence

1) Slot the columns into the column bases already in place 1) Slot the columns into the column bases already in place

2) Construct each set of 2400mm x 2400mm roof beam as per diagram below

1) Slot the columns into the column bases already in place

5) Slot the completed beam component into the top of the first column

4) Place insulation slabs on the roofing slabs and bond them together

7) Insert primary beam components and lock in place [see details]

8) Ensure that the bottom panels for the roof are in place

7) Insert primary beam components and lock in place [see details]

10) Place the waterproof membrane and felt over the

5) Slot the completed beam component into the top of the first column

6) Continue nered beam

6) Continue process until all columns have a partnered beam component

6) Continue process until all columns have a partnered beam component

8) Ensure that the bottom panels for the roof are in place

9) Slot flash beams and

9) Slot flashing components int othe spaces between beams and insulation

8) Ensure that the bottom panels for the roof are in place

10) Place the waterproof membrane and felt over the roof to complete 71

3) Place roofing slabs onto beams like so [each section can be done on the floor]

5) Slot the completed beam component into the top of the first column

7) Insert primary beam components and lock in place [see details]

3) Place roo tion can be

3) Place roofing slabs onto beams like so [each section can be done on the floor]

2) Construct each set of 2400mm x 2400mm roof beam as per diagram below

4) Place insulation slabs on the roofing slabs and bond them together 4) Place insulation slabs on the roofing slabs and bond them together

2) Construct each set of 2400mm x 2400mm roof beam as per diagram below

9) Slot flashing components int othe spaces between beams and insulation

Roof Building Manual

4.0_Construction Method 4.3_Construction Manual Roof Building Manual

Stage 1 detail showing slotting procedure for columns into flooring Stage 1 detail showing slotting procedure for columns into flooring

Stage 1 detail showing slotting procedure for columns into flooring

Stage 5 detail showing slotting procedure for completed beam component 72

Stage 5 detail showing slotting procedure for completed beam component

4.0_Construction 4.0_ConstructionMethod Method 4.3_Construction 4.3_ConstructionManual Manual Roof RoofBuilding BuildingManual Manual

Stage Stage 7 detail 7 detail showing showing slotting slotting procedure procedure forfor primary primary beams beams

Stage Stage 11 11 detail detail showing showing fixing fixing procedure procedure forfor flashing flashing pieces pieces

73

Stage 7 details showing the placing and locking of the disk joints

Stage 7 details showing the placing and locking of the disk joints Stage 7 details showing the placing and locking of the disk joints

Stage 7 detail showing slotting procedure for disk joints

Stage 7 detail showing slotting procedure for disk joints Stage 7 detail showing slotting procedure for disk joints

Stage 7 detail showing slotting procedure for locking disk joints

4.3_Construction Manual Components and Codes - Walls

4.0_Construction Method

4.0_Construction Method 4.3_Construction Manual

Components 4.3_Construction Manual and Codes - Walls Components and Codes - Walls

10 x Component W01

4 x Component W02

8 x Component W03A

8 x Component W03B

10 x Component W01

4 x Component W02

8 x Component W03A

8 x Component W03B

10 x Component W01

75

4 x Component W02

5 x Component W04A

5 x Component W04B

8 x Component W03A

8 x Component W03B

6 x Component W05A

6 x Component W05B

4.0_Construction Methodology 4.3_Construction Manual Exploded Axo - Walls Key Diagram

4.0_Construction Methodology

4.3_Construction Manual Exploded Axo - Walls Key Diagram

W01 W01 W02 W02 W03A W03A W03B W03B W04A W04A W04B W04B W05A

W05A

W05B

W05B

Exploded Axonometric of Wall Position Exploded Axonometric of Wall Positions

5.0_CONCLUSION

5.0_Conclusion 5.1_Quantity Survey Quantities, Weights and Costs From developing our initial design through our 1:20 model it became apparent to us that we needed to reduce the complexity of our design, starting with the number of different components required to construct our demountable building. We opted to increase the size of our cassettes and beams which made the building more cost-effective and structurally viable. We also developed a more considered rationale towards our components, keeping the number of different elements to a minimum by mirroring and grouping them into subsections rather than having a long list of widely differing parts. We went about this quantity survey by looking first at the floor, then the roof and finally the envelope which gave us the opportunity to really get into the detail of our design and construct reasonable massing and costing figures for the building as a whole, as well as create thorough component lists and construction sequences for each of the aforementioned sections.

78

Component

Count

Dimensions (mm)

Weight (Kg)

Weight Per Element

Mass (kg/m3³)

Cost £

Green Durable Super Felt

1

7820x10218x3

196

N/a

817

690

Proof Membrane

1

7820x10218x4

21

N/a

262

47.4

Ceiling Hardwood Plywood (On Top and bottom)

96

1120x1120x18

1363.2

14.2

625

1332

Ceiling Hardwood Plywood (Sides)

14

300x2410x18

140

10

625

136

Roof Insulation Boards

48

1120x1120x100

33.12

0.69

30

946.15

Hardwood Plywood (Short Trusses)

72

2400x170x18

331.2

4.6

625

324

Hardwood Plywood (Long Trusses)

17

2400x320x18

149.6

8.8

625

146.2

Hardwood Plywood (Disk)

34

300x300x18

35

1.03

625

34

Hardwood Plywood (Disk Dimonds)

34

210x210x18

17

0.5

625

16.6

OSB Panels for Walls (Both sides)

112

575x2800x10

1389.6

13.3

323

1220.8

Wall Insulation Board

56

630x2800x120

218.4

3.9

30

2058

CLT Columns

12

150x3473x150

474

39.5

505

720

Drawing

75

Component

Count

Dimensions (mm)

Weight (Kg)

Weight Per Element

Mass (kg/m3³)

Cost £

Green Durable Super FeltGlass Window

1 20

7820x10218x3 2527x474x4

196 239.6

N/a 11.98

817 2.3

690 2717.4

Proof Membrane

1

7820x10218x4

21

N/a

262

47.4

Aluminium Sill

10

75x70x480

N/a

N/a

2800

60

Ceiling Hardwood Plywood (On Top and Window frame bottom) (Flashed)

Ceiling Hardwood External door with Plywood (Sides) frame (Pull Handle, Key lock, butt hinges)

Roof Insulation Boards Hardwood Plywood Floor Panels (Top)

Hardwood Plywood (Short Trusses) Hardwood Plywood floor panels (Bottom)

Hardwood Plywood (LongInsulation Trusses) Floor

1120x1120x18

1363.2

14.2

625

1332

550x2629x125

150

15

625

900

14

300x2410x18 Structural Opening 902mm Leaf Size 826x2040

140

10

625

136

4

480

120

N/a

500

48

1120x1120x100

33.12

0.69

30

946.15

192

610x610x18

1209.6

6.3

625

1171.2

72

2400x170x18

331.2

4.6

625

324

192

600x600x18

1170.2

6.09

625

1132

17

2400x320x18

149.6

8.8

625

146.2

96

1120x1120x120

66.6

0.69

30

1892.3

Hardwood Plywood Scaffold(Disk) Base Jacks

34 12

300x300x18 381x4x650

35 40.8

1.03 3.4

625 N/a

34 120

Non Structural hardwood Plywood Hardwood Plywood (Large floor joists) (Disk Dimonds)

17 34

2500x300x22 210x210x18

175.1 17

10.3 0.5

625 625

391 16.6

75

2500x150x22

386.25

5.15

625

862.5

112

575x2800x10

1389.6

13.3

323

1220.8

Non Structural Plywood (Small supportive floor joists)

10

1300x150x22

22

2.2

625

59.8

Wall Insulation Board

56

630x2800x120

218.4

3.9

30

2058

Non Structural hardwood Plywood (Floor structure joints)

169

75x15x15

33.8

0.2

625

49

CLT Columns

12

150x3473x150

474

39.5

505

720

Boards

Non Structural Hardwood Plywood (Small floor joists) OSB Panels for Walls (Both sides)

76

96 10

Drawing

Cost Variations Design Cost5.1_Quantity Variations -- Survey Design Variations Variations 5.1_Quantity Survey Cost Variations - Design Variations Cost5.0_Conclusion Variations - Design Variations 5.0_Conclusion 5.1_Quantity Survey Cost VariationsSurvey - Design Variations 5.1_Quantity Cost Variations - Design Variations

Package Package Package Package Package Full Package Full Package Full Package Full Package Package Full Package Package

Cost (£) Cost (£) Cost (£)

Inside Area (m2) Inside Area (m2) Inside Area (m2)

Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg) 4666.35 4666.35 4666.35

Cost (£) Cost (£) 17526.35 17526.35 17526.35

Inside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) Inside Area Outside 33 Area (m2) 36 (m2) 36 33 36 33

4666.35 Weight (Kg) 4666.35 Weight (Kg)

17526.35 Cost (£) 17526.35 Cost (£)

Outside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2)

36 (m2) Inside Area 36 Inside Area (m2)

Outside 33 Area (m2) 33 Outside Area (m2)

4666.35 Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg) 4666.35 Weight (Kg)

17526.35 Cost (£) Cost (£)17526.35 Cost (£)

36 Inside Area (m2) Inside Area (m2)36 Inside Area (m2)

Package Middle Lobby Package Middle Lobby Package Middle Lobby Package Package Package Package Package Middle Lobby Middle Lobby Package Package Package Package Full Package Package Full Package Full Package Middle Lobby Full Package Package Package Package Middle Lobby Full Package Package PackagePackage Package

Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg) 4309 Weight 4309(Kg) Weight (Kg) 4309(Kg) Weight 4309(Kg) Weight 4309(Kg) Weight 4666.35 Weight (Kg) 4666.35 4666.35

Cost (£) Cost (£) 16812 Cost (£) 16812 Cost (£) 16812 Cost (£) 16812 Cost (£) 16812 Cost (£) 17526.35 Cost (£) 17526.35 17526.35

Inside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) Inside Area (m2) Outside 44 Area (m2) 25 Inside Area Outside 44 Area (m2) 25 (m2) Inside Area (m2) Outside 44 Area (m2) 25 Inside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) 25 44 Inside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) 25 (m2) 44 Inside Area Outside Area (m2) 36Inside Area (m2) 33 Outside Area (m2) 36 33 36 33

4309(Kg) 4666.35 Weight Weight (Kg) 4666.35 Weight (Kg)4309 Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg)

16812 17526.35 Cost (£) Cost (£) 17526.35 Cost (£) 16812 Cost (£) Cost (£)

25 36 (m2) 33 Inside Area Outside 44 Area (m2) Inside Area Outside 33 Area (m2) 36 (m2) Inside Area (m2)25 Outside Area (m2) 44 Inside Area (m2) Outside Outside Area (m2) Inside Area (m2) Area (m2)

Package Large Terrace Full Package Package Large Terrace Package Large Terrace Package Package Full Package Package Package Package Large Terrace Package Large Terrace Package Middle Lobby Package Package Middle Lobby Package Package Middle Lobby Package Package Package Large Terrace Middle Lobby Package Package Middle Lobby Package Package Full Package Large Full Package Terrace Package Full Package Package Package

Weight (Kg) 4666.35 Weight (Kg) 3533 Weight (Kg) 3533 Weight 3533(Kg) 4666.35 Weight (Kg) 3533(Kg) Weight 3533(Kg) Weight 4309(Kg) Weight Weight (Kg) 4309(Kg) Weight 4309

Cost (£) 17526.35 Cost (£) 13957 Cost (£) 13957 Cost (£)17526.35 13957 Cost (£) 13957 Cost (£) 13957 Cost (£) 16812 Cost (£) Cost (£) 16812 Cost (£) 16812

Weight 3533(Kg) 4309 Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg) 4666.35 4309 4666.35 3533 4666.35 Weight (Kg)

Cost (£) 13957 16812 Cost (£) Cost (£) 17526.35 16812 17526.35 13957 17526.35 Cost (£)

Inside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) 36 33 Inside 12.6 Area (m2) Outside56.4 Area (m2) Inside 12.6 Area (m2) Outside56.4 Area (m2) Inside 12.6 Area (m2) Outside56.4 Area (m2) 33 Inside Area (m2)36 Outside Area (m2) Inside 12.6 Area (m2) Outside56.4 Area (m2) 56.4 Inside 12.6 Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) 25Inside Inside Area Outside 44 Area (m2) Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) 25 (m2) Inside Area Outside 44 Area (m2) 25 (m2) 44 Inside 12.6 Area Outside56.4 Area (m2) 25 (m2) 44 Area (m2)Outside Outside Area (m2) Inside Inside Area Area (m2) 36 (m2) 33 25 44 36 33 12.6 36Inside Area (m2) 33 Outside56.4 Area (m2)

Full Package Middle Lobby Package Full Package Package Package Middle Lobby Package Package PackagePackage Full Package Package Large Terrace Package Large Terrace Package Full Package Large Terrace Package Package Package Large Terrace Package Middle Lobby Package Large Terrace Package Package Middle Lobby Middle Lobby Package PackagePackage Package Middle Lobby Terrace Package MiddleLarge Lobby Package Package Package Large Terrace Package Package Middle Lobby Package Package Middle Lobby Package PackagePackage

4666.35 Weight (Kg) 4666.354309 Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg)4309

17526.35 Cost (£) 17526.3516812 Cost (£) Cost (£) Cost (£) 16812 Cost (£)

36 (m2) Inside Area Outside 33 Area (m2) 25 44 36 33 Inside Area (m2) Outside Outside Area (m2) Inside Area (m2) Area (m2) Inside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) 44 Inside Area (m2)25 Outside Area (m2)

4666.35 Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg) 3533 Weight 4666.35 3533(Kg) Weight 3533(Kg)

17526.35 Cost (£) Cost (£) 13957 Cost (£)17526.35 13957 Cost (£) 13957

36 (m2) Inside Area Outside 33 Area (m2) Inside 12.6 Area (m2) Outside56.4 Area (m2) Inside 12.6 Area (m2)36 Outside56.4 Area (m2) 33 Inside 12.6 Area (m2) Outside56.4 Area (m2)

Weight (Kg) 3533(Kg) Weight Weight (Kg) 4309 3533 4309 4309Weight (Kg)

Cost (£) 13957 Cost (£) Cost (£) 16812 13957 16812 16812 Cost (£)

Inside 12.6 Area (m2) Outside56.4 Area (m2) Area (m2)Outside Outside Area (m2) Inside Inside Area Area (m2) 25 (m2) 44 12.6 56.4 25 44 25Inside Area (m2) 44 Outside Area (m2)

4309(Kg) Weight 4309 3533 Weight 3533(Kg)

16812 Cost (£) 16812 13957 Cost (£) 13957

4309 Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg)4309 Weight (Kg)

16812 Cost (£) Cost (£) 16812 Cost (£)

25 Inside Area (m2) Inside Area (m2)25 Inside Area (m2)

Package Large Terrace Package Large Terrace Large Terrace Package Package Package Large Terrace Package Large Terrace Package PackagePackage

Weight (Kg) Weight 3533(Kg) 3533 3533

Cost (£) Cost (£) 13957 13957 13957

Inside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) Inside 12.6 Area (m2) Outside56.4 Area (m2) 12.6 56.4 12.6 56.4

Full Package Package Package Full Package Package

81

Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg) Weight (Kg)

3533(Kg) Weight 3533 Weight (Kg)

13957 Cost (£) 13957 Cost (£)

33 Outside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) 33 Outside Area (m2)

25 (m2) Inside 12.6 Area 25 Inside 12.6 Area (m2)

44 Outside56.4 Area (m2) 44 Outside56.4 Area (m2)

44 Outside Area (m2) Outside Area (m2) 44 Outside Area (m2)

Inside 12.6 Area (m2) 12.6 Inside Area (m2)

Outside56.4 Area (m2) 56.4 Outside Area (m2)

5.0_Conclusion 5.2_Professional Critique Points to Consider After our initial phase of development, it was clear that there was a communication gap between what it is that we are proposing compared to what we presented in terms of a body of supporting visual work.

Although we felt our concept for a building/shelter was clear, we all accepted that our delivery was not up to par. Our presentation seemed rushed and our narrative was lost in this lack of preparation.

However, our idea of cassettes was clear. Our 1:20 model displayed a sort relentlessness which was in a sense reflecting the essence of our proposal, being that it is a very repetitive culmination of components.

We made 192 individual cassettes for this model and from the model making process we realised the impracticalities associated with a design of this nature.

In evolving the design, it can be argued that the cassette gave the building a unique character which is otherwise lost however, there is marriage to be had between a more practical solution and aesthetic merit which is one which we feel we have achieved. The idea that the roof is floating is prevalent more so than ever.

It is clear that the construction method involved smart connections which do not require tools.

82

5.0_Conclusion 5.3_Internal Critique Personal Learning Outcomes By working effectively and efficiently as a group, despite time constraints, we were able to realise a concept design early on in the design process. However, due to the nature of the project and the attention to detail required when designing an entire building we had to address many issues along the way which, whilst time consuming, has allowed us to arrive at a final iteration that we are all proud of and believe is reasonably cost-effective, aesthetically pleasing and ultimately buildable by two people possessing only a basic level of construction knowledge.

The most important critique we underwent was the decision to simplify and reduce the number of different components required in the roof construction process. Our initial proposal of 192 cassettes, as seen in the 1:20 model, created a sensual flowing ceiling but even as we constructed the model it became apparent that the complexity of our design was hindering the feasibility of the brief and creating unnecessary structural difficulties. Taking a step back, we decided to keep the grid we had created, but effectively simplify it into 12 roof segments with extended beams that could be constructed on the floor and then lifted and slotted into the columns. This alteration only slightly reduced the visual impact of our curved ceiling-scape and we decided that the structural and construction advantages were a huge improvement on the original design.

Something we were fascinated with from the outset and constantly refined throughout the design process were the locking mechanisms that tied our roof together. Constant refinement and testing allowed us to construct a working 1:5 model that demonstrated the viability of our scheme. Model making was something we lacked as a group in the beginning, but by the end of the project we had refined its potential to test and develop ideas and prove the structural and construction viability of our design. From the very beginning we wanted to minimise the need for tools in the construction process and this is something that we were able to constantly investigate with our model making, proving that our investigation into Japanese joinery and other less intrusive connection techniques could make our building structurally sound and easy to put together.

Flexibility and adaptive potential was also a core mantra of the group and is something we believe sets our design apart and gives it more scope for further development. However, this has led to perhaps less persuasive connections between the roof and floor structures than a more permanent structure would allow for. Nevertheless, this is something we have aimed to address in our drawings and details and, given more time, believe we could have fully realised its potential.

83

Overall, working as a group on this project has been a lot of fun and we quickly learned how to make the best use of each member’s knowledge and skillset and distributed tasks to make the best use of available time.

Having said this, we have all still learned a lot from

cept design early on in the design process. However, due to the nature of the project and the attention to detail required when designing an entire building we had to address many issues along the way which, whilst time consuming, has allowed us to arrive at a final iteration that we are all proud of and believe is reasonably cost-effective, aesthetically pleasing and ultimately buildable by two people possessing only a basic level of construction knowledge.

The most important critique we underwent was the decision to simplify and reduce the number of different components required in the roof construction process. Our initial proposal of 192 cassettes, as seen in the 1:20 model, created a sensual flowing ceiling but even as we constructed the model it became apparent that the complexity of our design was hindering the feasibility of the brief and creating unnecessary structural difficulties. Taking a step back, we decided to keep the grid we had created, but effectively simplify it into 12 roof segments with extended beams that could be constructed on the floor and then lifted and slotted into the columns. This alteration only slightly reduced the visual impact of our curved ceiling-scape and we decided that the structural and construction advantages were a huge improvement on the original design.

Something we were fascinated with from the outset and constantly refined throughout the design process were the locking mechanisms that tied our roof together. Constant refinement and testing allowed us to construct a working 1:5 model that demonstrated the viability of our scheme. Model making was something we lacked as a group in the beginning, but by the end of the project we had refined its potential to test and develop ideas and prove the structural and construction viability of our design. From the very beginning we wanted to minimise the need for tools in the construction process and this is something that we were able to constantly investigate with our model making, proving that our investigation into Japanese joinery and other less intrusive connection techniques could make our building structurally sound and easy to put together.

Flexibility and adaptive potential was also a core mantra of the group and is something we believe sets our design apart and gives it more scope for further development. However, this has led to perhaps less persuasive connections between the roof and floor structures than a more permanent structure would allow for. Nevertheless, this is something we have aimed to address in our drawings and details and, given more time, believe we could have fully realised its potential.

Overall, working as a group on this project has been a lot of fun and we quickly learned how to make the best use of each member’s knowledge and skillset and distributed tasks to make the best use of available time.

Having said this, we have all still learned a lot from each other and we confidently believe that the thoroughness of this report conveys this. What started out as a daunting task, quickly developed into an exciting learning experience, challenging the preconceptions we had on demountable and prefabricated building methods.

6.0_REFERENCES AND EXTRAS

6.0_References and Extras 6.1_Bibliography 1. Brown, A. (2014) The genius of Japanese carpentry: Secrets of an ancient craft. Japan: Tuttle Publishing.

2. Herzog, T., Minke, G. and Eggers, H. (1976) Pneumatic structures: A handbook of inflatable architecture. New York: Oxford University Press.

3. Staib, G., Dorrhofer, A. and Rosenthal, M.J. (2008) Components and systems: Modular construction - design, structure, new technologies. Boston: Edition Detail, Institut fĂźr internationale Architektur-Dokumentation.

4. Knaack, U., Chung-Klatte, S. and Hasselbach, R. (2012) Prefabricated systems: Principles of construction. Basel: Birkhauser Architecture.

5. Meijs, M., Knaack, U. and Maarten, M. (2009) Components and connections: Principles of construction.

Basel: Birkhauser Architecture.

6. Margolius, I. (2002) Architects + engineers = structures. Chichester, United Kingdom: Wiley, John & Sons.

7. Kronenburg, R. (2007) Flexible: Architecture that responds to change. London: Laurence King Publishing.

8. Engel, H., von Ralph Rapson, V. and Rapson, R. (2007) Structure systems. 3rd edn. Germany: Hatje Cantz Verlag GmbH & Co KG.

85

6.2_Appendix - Process & Blunders

6.0_References and Extras 6.2_Appendix A Process and Bloopers

87

88

_ATA REPORT 2016-2017 _GROUP 12 _THE LIPARI RETREAT

3.0_Final Design 3.1_Final Set of Drawings Drawing Registry

95

Drawing Name

Drawing Number

Revision

1 - Floor Structure Plan...........................................................

ATA-010-FLOOR STRUCTURE PLAN.................................................................

Final

2 - Floor Plan.............................................................................

ATA-011-GROUND FLOOR PLAN........................................................................

Final

3 - Reflected Ceiling...................................................................

ATA-012-REFLECTIVE CEILING PLAN...............................................................

Final

4 - Long Section...........................................................................

ATA-020-LONG SECTION......................................................................................

Final

5 - Short Section..........................................................................

ATA-021-SHORT SECTION.....................................................................................

Final

6 - Section Annotated................................................................

ATA-022-SECTION ANNOTATED.........................................................................

Final

7 - Floor Section Detail...............................................................

ATA-030-FLOOR SECTION DETAIL.....................................................................

Final

8 - Floor to Column Detail 2D...............................................

ATA-031-FLOOR TO COLUMN [CONSTRUCTION DETAIL 2D]......................

Final

9 - Floor to Column Detail Axo............................................

ATA-032-FLOOR TO COLUMN [CONSTRUCTION DETAIL AXO].................

Final

10 - Roof Section Detail..............................................................

ATA-040-ROOF SECTION DETAIL.......................................................................

Final

11 - Column to Roof Detail 2D................................................

ATA-041-ROOF TO COLUMN [CONSTRUCTION DETAIL 2D]........................

Final

12 - Column to Roof Detail Axo.............................................

ATA-042-ROOF TO COLUMN [CONSTRUCTION DETAIL AXO]....................

Final

13 - Full Exploded Axo..............................................................

ATA-050-EXPLODED AXO ANNOTATED............................................................

Final

ATA Applied Technology in Architecture Module code: AR7022 The Demountable Building 2016/2017 ATA Applied Technology in Architecture Module code: AR7022 The Demountable Building Group 2016/2017 Rana Rehman Martins Silins Fredrick Mawhood Jonas Bertlind Group Rana Rehman Martins Silins Fredrick Mawhood Thanks to Bertlind Jonas

_End Credits _Jonas All Rights Lundberg Reserved 2017c All terms apply _Andrew Grant _Eva Diu

All Rights Reserved 2017c All terms apply

allows users to apply a coat r facades of the building. The re from settling on the surface aving heat retaining qualities.

To protect the structure from the elements and allow The Demountable Building

the building to be a more permanent intervention on site black pine tar can be purchased and applied to This report is a representation or our journey through rigorous trials, with learning outcomes derived the external facade of the outward facing wall panels from failures, and refinement of design through professional and as self-critique. The Lipari Retreat is a via a simple wood brush. 100% natural it has a good reconfigurable piece of architecture on a remote site, constructed out of modular components. It can be penetration of planed would and provides protection constructed by two people without the use of excessive machinery and/or tools. from harmful UV rays which, in Lipari would damage the envelope over time, and also has good water resiistance properties, having been used to treat the underside of boats throughout history.

hannes Norlander used black at effect, as do the old fishing d precedents for our coastal Having been treated with the tar the building will significantly more durable in the coastal climate where it is based. The tar also comes in red or brown colours meaning the user has more control over the aesthetic of the finished building - although we recomend a black tar finish as it looks pretty awsome.

47