QUANTITATIVEANALYSIS

high pedestrian volume is observed near ticket counters

Morning: High pedestrian volumes are observed in ticket gates 10,11,7 and south board corridor Low pedestrian volume in station exit 8 and 9

Pedestriam volume increased by 200 from morning

COLOUR CODING USED

Green : numbers in green circles represent the exit numbers blue :The areas filled in blue represent the areas separated by ticket gates

Red: lines represent higher volumes purple lines represent lower volumes.

The numbers next to the colored lines indicate the number of pedestrians who passed through the gates during the 5minute observations

Analysis

At the ticket gate and a neighbouring location in the evening, there were 848 and 962 pedestrians,Respectively. . There were 560, 351 and 392 pedestrians in each of the three routes that were connected. The difference exceeds 100 even close to the ticket gate and exceeds 340 in connected corridors

High pedestrian volumes are observed in ticket gates all specific points near ticket counters 2 7 10 11

Low pedestrian volume in station is observed in 8and 9 ticket gate

This result indicates that pedestrians not only use the ticket gates but also either stay in the station space or pass through it to exit the station

The data shows that more people use the subway station during evening rush hour and that they prefer to use the station area more at night, either by staying there or by passing through to utilise other exits

Ticket counter area

Shortest distance ticket gates

Analysis

.This implies that the majority of commuters have a specific destination during rush hour and are familiar with the layout of the station. They often choose the route that is shortest between the subway platform, the ticket gates and the station exits because The most effective path is this one specific points in subway station act as nodes through which the pedestrian passes through peakhours

Analysis

The plan represent shortest distance between the ticket counters and exits. the shortest distance line crosses through various nodes. Comparing to quantitative analysis line passes through nodes have higher pedestrian traffic .which concludes that most of the people who using through subway are well experienced based on their movment through pedestrian

Analysis

This area is considered the most efficient direct and path for corridors of pedestrians to take. The spaces outside this area, which include the the underground commercial areas, were categorized separately

By categorizing the spaces in this way, the study was able to analyze pedestrian behavior in areas where the shortest path was taken versus areas where other routes were used

Analysis

The gate count results from the movement of agents through the cells can be compared with the observed pedestrian volume

As agents move during the 5 min period, cells record the frequency of their movement

Evening

comparative analysis of observed and stimulated output is most of the people uses the shorter distance as optimum path by various user group

High low Red depicts high pedestrian traffic voiltet implies low pesdestrian the cells

3.1 Improvement stratergy at pedestrian bottleneck in subway BOTTLE NECK

Narrowregion

Discomfront crowd catastrophes funnel at 45deg,30deg,60deg broken gaurd rail confined spaces are formed

Optimization methods improves the flow of pedestrian also explores improves the flow of pedestrian

Speed passing time traffic efficiency

Studythat Investigation

Pedestrian flow organizing individual velocity

Blank control group design of facilities in urban rail transit local density and time gaps safety and comfort of pedestrian

Density of pedestrian flow using different modules recongonize that pedestrian are the centre of social context pedestrian behaviour during evacuation through bottle necks mechanism of panic and jamming

3.2 ZIPPER EFFECT

The zipper effect in pedestrian movement to a phenomenon observed when two dense predestrian streams meet typically at a pedestrian crossing , they tend to slow down and start to adjust their walking path to avoid collisions.

The term "zipper effect" is used because, like the teeth of a zipper, the pedestrians interlock and pass through each other in an orderly and efficient way.

Analysed data from zippereffect

Increasing the width of bottleneck upto 3 meters will have a capacity of 8 pedestrian in a stepwise fashion

Increasing bottleneck beyond 3 meters wont have significant effect on bottleneck capacity of pedestrian movement

Pedestrian behaviour is affected due to width of the bottleneck

Experiment based on bottleneck

Test was conducted with 350 pedestrians and found linear dependency with increase in with upto 5m (wider bottle necks can accomodate more pedestrian flow)

Analysed through narrow doors (with different competitiveness affects flow rate and take for people pass through the subway)

Geomentrical layout of experimental bottleneck

width of the corridor =5m width of bottleneck=1m length corridor =6m length of bottleneck = 4m trial region = 5m x2m =10sqm pedestrian walking direction alonmg x axis

Experiment scenarious

Funnel shaped construction : improves effiency of pedestrian flow at bottlenecks

Inconventional construction : pedestrian were divided into two direction which cause pedestrian conflicts

Extension of gaurdrail : Psycologicaly remainds the bottleneck before taking the escalotar to adapt to bottleneck envirorment and improve the efficiency of pedestrian flow

Improvement stratergies at the bottleneck

Using two door and roundabout which improves standard elements of pedestrian efficiency of bottleneck can be expanding funnel shaped space in bottlenecks increasing the evacuation by more 20% by increasing width of bottleneck to optimize measures at straight funnel shape surface funel column obstacle